Cambridge English Advanced Practice Tests Five tests for the 2015 Cambridge English: Advanced exam MARK HARRISONCambridge English Advanced Practice Tests Fivetests for the Cambridge English: Advanced exam MARK HARRISON UNIVERSITY PRESSOXFORD (Great Clarendon Street, Oxford. ox fo, United Kingda ‘Oxfor University Press isa depart the University of Oxor, ‘further the Univers’ objective of xen in eararc scholarship, and education by publishing woridvite Oxfords regtered rae ‘mark Oxford Universit rss ach UK and in certain oer counties (Osford University Press a3 ‘The moral rights the author have ben asserted rst published in ag 2018 2007 2036 2015 2014 ‘No unauthortzed photocopying ‘Allright eserved. No parf this publication may be reproduced stored Jing retrieval sytem. or ansmted,n any form ob any means, whout {he prior persion in weitng of Oxord University Prev ors expressly enmitedby law, by licence or under terms agreed wit the appropiate eprographics rights organization. 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Darfor Warberatire?), 99 (Sen Bazlenge fotostoos, Testor an pura rts ow wha hn gen prmttan repre ‘efalowing extras and wdpaton of pyre mater ps Adapted extract from "Isking photographs ruins the memory research nd by Sash. Kapton, Th Iga, 10 December 203 Telegraph Meda Group Lined 2015. Reproduced by pemision.p.7 Adaped extract fom "On the hunt ‘orth best young female ensepreneus" by Rebecca Bur-Callander, Tre gray, 11 January 20140 Teleguph Medla Group Linked 2014, Reprodced by permission. ps Adapted extract om “Views of departing staare valuable" by Caroline Cook endo arse Tins 10a 2006 Reproduced by permiasion of Nevaguet London Lt p30 Adapted ‘rac fom “The Great indoors at Home inthe Modern Bish House byBen Highmore, review" by Alwyn Tamer, TheTegrap (4 January 20140 eegraph Melia Group Limite 2014 Reproduced by pemisslon. ‘4 Adapted extzae fom "Never tur your hack onthe sea by Horo hare The Tegra, 1 January 2014 legraph eda Group Led 2014 Reproduced by persion. p.17 Adapted extract fom "Deaf Chidren's Ad Hee language Braves and Instruct” by Nichols Wade fom The ew ‘vt Tine 21 September 2004 2004 The New York Times Aight, reserved Used by permission andprracted by the Copyught Laws ofthe Unltd states. The etng, copying edlstTbution, or transmission of his Content without express wien permission is prohibited. p20 Adapt ‘errat fom "Unaceustomed as am.” by Rosemary Beban, The Teraph, ‘Telegraph Meda Group Limited. Reproduced by permission. 20 Adapted ‘exact from "Linking Cy with Subutblby Jaki Mahadeva, Hendon end eT. 2 November 206, Reproduced by persion of Newsquest, endon Ld p.21 Adapted extrac fou Tools ofthe ade” by Rachel Cary The Tego, Telegraph Mela Group Limited Reproduced by permision p22 Adapted exact fom “Go on, migger allow ike” y Raper {Chstianoen The Raph, 24 October 20050 Telegraph Media Group imited 2005-Reproced by permision. 28 Adapted exer fom "Tracey Os “ayo: rom Cape Town to Caio Fortes biplane by sie Gatien, The ‘Takgaph, 1 Jamun 0140 Telegraph Media Group Limied 201. Reproduced ‘bypermisson p29 Adapted extrac from "On track fra tiple wharmy" ‘ByRicholas oe, Teer Telegraph Media Group Limited. Reprodced ‘bypermisionp.52Adaped extrac fom “Simply Uckng te boxes isn't «ough by Dr James Rey. The Teeraph 31 Mar 2005 Telegraph Mia ‘Group Limited 2005 Reprooedby permission p36 Adapted extract rom “tn Crxton. twa Meum review” by Rian Doren, Tie ‘gop, 2 January 20140 Telegraph Media Group ined 2014 Reproduced ‘bypermision. p39 adapted extract from Winged wines andoses™ ‘byMank Cocker, The Rlgyaph, 20 August 205.0 Telegraph Media Group Limited. Reproduced by permission, 44 Adapted extrac ftom "Don’t ase sour nearest and desert for adc. in a fellow wrer vio ean bea hepa ‘iti by louie Dough. The Terai e Telegraph Meds Group Limited. Reproduced by permission. p.45 Adapted extrac fom 26 outs in Fed” by Kate Sater Sa Magar o Telegraph Media Group Lanited Reproduced ‘bypermision pas Adapred exact fom “OK, who's gota the teaspoons?” ‘byhaya Keser, The Tgraph, 21 November 20050 Tele'2ph Media Group ‘imied 2006 Reproduced by permlson p30 Adapted etac fom “The san who showed s the world” by Bic Owen, Tw agro Telegraph eda {Group Limited eproceaby permission p51 Adaptedexract ros “Bs of story Bs) Om the ton Black” by Kae Haber from Pe NewYork “ms, 17 February 2005 © 2005 The New York Ties Al alghts reserved, Used ‘ypermibsion and protected by Uh Copyright Laws of th United States. The tng copying redistribution, or transmission of tiscanten without ‘xpress witten pormision probed. p52 Adapted erat fom Alca Rhett, Te graph 7 January 20:49 Telegraph Media Group ited 2014 Reproduce by permission p 4 Extract fam Dick Lan by ‘Monica Ali published by Doubles. Reprinted wth te permision oF The Random House Group Limite, Abner tein Lt and SeriberPoblihing Group.Copyright 2003 by Monica Al. Allg reseres. pt Adapted erat rom “The mos significant experience of my You Was singing ina ‘hoi by Michael Waite The Teer, 8 December 20139 Telegraph Meals Grow Limited 203, Reprodced by permision, p61 Adapted extract from "Ar The Right Stripes by Frank Witfora he Sindy Ties 4 September 2005 Repreuced by kind permission pos Adapted exact for "The “Workout” by Sam Murphy. Hye Ace Woe’ Calg 2006, Reproduced ‘bypermision of london Marathon Limited p65 Adapel exact mT tetlyou what] wan, what relly. really wan” by Joanne Siversei. ast ley Gee, May 206, Reproduce by kind permission. p66 Adapted extract {fom invisible benef” by Sian Gift, Te Sando Tims, 90 Oct 2008 Reproduced by permission of News Syndication. p72 Adpted extrac fom “hgh notes ofthe singing Neanderthal” by Jonathan Lek, The Sunday Ths 20 January 2008. Reproduced by permission ofNevs Syndication. p73 “Adaped exuac fom Disover the joy of reading’, Houle aud cy Tons, Reproduced by permision of Newsquest London i p.7 Adapted extract fom "Poles par fom jst walking” by Caroline Cook, endo nd Fly “hes Reprogced by permission of Newsquest london Le. .7e Adapted extract fom "Those rlan Fall Outs May Be Saving Tees” by Cal Zner fom The New Yor Ties, 19 Gctober 20049 2008 The NewYork Tes. All, Fighesrecored Used by permit and protected by the Copyright Laws of ‘he United States. The printing, copying. redistribution, or ansmision of ‘his Content without express vaten permlsion i prohibited. p80 Adaped ‘crac fom "Major Tim Peake: how became a British trons” by Ts eae, Te opp, 5 nay 20040 Telegraph Media Group Lit 2014, Reproduced by permision. p83 Adapted exact fom "Boland Faleti- ‘latusy, The graph 19 November 2013 Telegraph Nedla Group Limited 2113. Reproduced by permission. 86 Adaped extract tm "TMG" interview with jimmy Caran Lucy Greves"y Nell Drabble, Th Mlerph 29 October 2106 Telegaph Media Group Lied 2006. Reproduce by permission, p86 Adapted extrac fom Ask Ester” by Ester Ranaen st Nes he's [Rewpopr sue 38, 10-16 November 2006 Reproduced y permision of Fat News pa Adapted extract rom "Does Your chewing Eu realy sets avout by Heston Blumenthal The Tegra, 22 October 2005 0 Teegsph| eda Group Limited 2003. Reproduced permission. “ables on pp-t02and 108 reproduced with permision ofCambridge English ‘Sores 4 OWr70 TH al eed rt so ead Ay Jacguetne ion Although every effort hasbeen made o race and contact eapyight holders ‘before publicaton this has nor been possible in some cases, We apologize for any apparent ingement of copyright andi ote, the poblisher willbe pleased to ret any eros or omsions atthe earliest pporrniyTEST3 TEST 2 TEST 1 TEST 4 Contents Introduction Reading and Use of English Writing Listening Speaking Reading and Use of English Writing Listening ‘Speaking Reading and Use of English Writing Listening Speaking Reading and Use of English Writing Listening Speaking Answer sheets Assessing the Writing paper ‘Assessing the Speaking paper Answer key Audio scripts ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS CONTI 18 20 24 28 40 42 46 50 62 64 cy nm 34 26 90 94 102 103 104 awIntroduction Thisbook contains: four complete Practice Tests for the Cambridge English Advanced exam (2015) access to a complete online practice test answer key, including mark schemes forall Writing tasks model answers forall Writing tasks {uidance on how to assess the Writing and Speaking papers answer sheets. audio scripts Exam content Reading and Use of English (Lhour 30 minutes) nears Question type ‘option multple-cholce: choose the correct word(s) fil each gap vocabulary (meaning of single words. completion of phrases, phrasal verbs, etc) z se 8 questions: 8 marks fil each gap with one word mostly grammar, some vocabulary gaps 2 [Tahar tnt wie | gaps @ questions: 8 marks _ 3 |Ishort text wit 8 se the words given to form the correct _ word formation ps word for each gap B questions; 8 PART 4 {6 unrelated sentences, | use the word given to complete the grammar and vocabulary each followed by a. gapped sentence so that itmeans the ¢ questions; 12 marks {single word anda _ same asthe first sentence (imorfor each arf the onwer ____ gapped sentence Imax 2martsperqueston) PARTS |1 text (article, fietion, _ 4-option multiple-choice comprehension of detail, cpinion, | non-fiction) attitude, tone, purpose, mein idea, implication, text organization features, exemplification, reference, comparison 6 questions; 12 marks 4 short texts matching opinions with the text they understanding opinions ard attitudes; appear in ‘comparing and contrasting opinions and i “attitudes across texts i | 4 questions; 8 marks ‘ I (8 ~ PART? (1 text with | choice of 7 paragraphs to fil the gaps understanding of text structure, links 6 paragraphs missing between parts of text |S questions; 12 marks | PARTS [1 text dlvidedirto | matching statements / information to location of specific information, | ‘sections OR several section of text or short text they refer to | comprehension of paraphrasing | short texts ‘or appear i 10 questions; 10 marks | 4 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS.Writing (1 hour 30 ) minutes) essay, based on two points intext give, (220-260 words) | Candidates must do this task. ‘more important and giving reasons for this opi 20 marks - | — PART 2 /letter /email, proposal, report or review (220-260 words) | varies according to the task, including | Lr —— | comparing eng advice ehing | _cpinons sting persuading 20 marks Listening (40 minutes) in the exam, each recording is heard twice. On the CD, they are not repeated, so you ul need to ply each track again Atheendof thea, candidates ore gven Smuts to waste oer othe one set [PARTA | 3short S-option multiple-choice (2 questions deta, gst opinion, speaker feeling attitude, conversations per conversation) function, purpose agreement between speakers, course of action | ns; 6 marks PART2 | 1monologue sentence completion: 8 sentences to understanding of specific information and complete with a word or short phrase stated opinion I : | squestions: 8 marks _ Linterview or | 4-option multiple-choice understanding of opinion, attitude, detail, conversation (two Gist, speaker feeling, purpose, function and “or more speakers) agreement between speakers |S questions 6 marks PARLE Short monologues | matching: 2 tasks, For each task match — same as Part 1 “at each speaker says to 1 oF 8 options 9 question questions per tas) 40 marks Speaking (15 minutes) ROR mins) ct individual ‘Tong tur’ for each candidate with a brief organizing a larger unit of discourse, comparing, | | response from second candidate (ins) describing, expressing opinions and speculating | candidates talk about 2 sets of 3 pictures PART3 | 2-way conversation between candidates (4mins) interaction, exchanging ideas, expressing and candidates discuss written prompts in a _ustifying opinions, agreeing and / or disagreeing, | decision-making task | suggesting, speculating, evaluating, reaching a | | decision through negotiation PART | conversation between candidates and interlocutor _ expressing and justifying opinions, agreeing and / or (Grins) | disagreeing, speculating | Candidates discuss topics related to Part 3task with © 49 marks total ‘the examiner The Reading and Use of English paper caries 40% ofthe total. The Writing, Listening and Speaking papers each carry 20% of the total. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS INTRODUCTION 5el E wv lu e Reading and Use of English (hour 30 minutes) PARTI. For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, 8, gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). er sheet. Markyour answers oi the separate ai Exampl 0 Alinterfering —_B upsetting C damaging intruding ofa a oD Taking photographs ruins the memory, research finds Our obsession with recording every detail of our happiest moments could be 0 ‘our ability to remember them, according to new research. Dr Linda Henkel, from Fairfield University, Connecticut, described this as the ‘photo-taking impairment effect: Ste said, ‘People often whip out their cameras almost mindlessly to 1a moment, to the point that they are missing what is happening 2__in front of them. When people rely on technology to remember for them ~ 3 on the 1 A seize B grasp 2 Aquite B right 3 Accounting ——_—B settling 4 Rengage B apply 5 A result B aspect © A steered Brun 7 Aaccurate —B faithful 8 Ameasured —_B compared 5 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING camera to record the event and thus not needing to.4___to it fully themselves - it can have a negative 5. on how well they remember their experiences’ In Dr Henkel’s experiment, a group of university students were 6 of a museum and asked to either photograph or try to remember objects on display. The next day each student's memory was tested. The results on a tour showed that people were less 7___ in recognizing the objects they had photographed 8_____ with those they had only looked at. C capture D snatch © merely D barely € assuming swearing C attend D dedicate C extent D impact € led D conveyed € exact D factual © matched D confronted a —PART 2 For questions 9~16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers \N CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Exampl ° On the hunt for the best young female entrepreneurs Founded in 1972, the Veuve Clicquot Business Woman Award is celebrated in 27 countries. Veuve Clicquot has now introduced a new award 0_____ complement its Business Woman of the Year category. Called The New Generation Award, 9____recagnizes the best young female talent across business and corporate | life ‘The first winner of the award, Kathryn Parsons, {0_____ innovative start-up company, Decoded, teaches. people to code in a day, has joined the judging panel to help find this year’s winner. The importance of these awards cannot 11 overestimated. she says, Women need role models that prove to 12___ that they can do it, too The New Generation Award is open to entrepreneurial businesswomen 13, ‘the ages of 26 and 35 They can run 16_____own businesses or hail from corporate life. "This award isnt about how much money you've made or how long you've been in business i's about recognizing young women 15__a mission ‘and a vision’ says Parsons. We want to meet womien who are working to 6 ____ the world a better place’ ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 7 TASaLTEST 1 PARTS. For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line, There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL. LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: of (rfefs]fe[nfa]r] fo[ny | EXIT INTERVIEWS, IF yot are thinking of leaving your job, you may think that handing inyour letter of 0__is the end of the matter. But an increasing RESIGN number of companies now conduct ‘exit interviews’ with staff For the employee, an exit interview may feel ike an ideal opportunity to rant and rave about everylittle 17______ that has troubled them ANNOY since they got the job. But, 18__in mind that you will probably BEAR still need a 19____from these people, it is best to avoid getting REFER angry or 20___, and just answer the questions as calmly and. with as much 2i__as possible. For employers, the exit interview is a rare opportunity to gather some valuable information about the way staff perceive the company. Existing employees may not wish to cause 22______ to the boss or damage their chances of promotion, so are unlikely to 23 their real feelings about the company. However, someone who has already resigned is more likely to be 24__ when giving their opinions. TRUE 8 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS EADING AIND USE OF ENGLISHPART 4 For questions 25~30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the Jirst sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between ‘three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: © [didn't know the way there, so | gotlost. cer Not_____ there, got ost. o| [KNOWING HOW TO GET Write only the missing words IN CAPITALLETTERS on the separate answer sheet 25 Ie just noticed that the car has almost run out of petro. HARDLY Ive just noticed that___leftinthe car. 26 | didn't know that cars were so expensive in this country. IDEA |__so much in this country. 27 Don't get depressed because of such asmall problem. LET Its such a small problem that you shouldn't down. 26 Itis reported that he is now recoveringin hospital. RECOVERY He is reported __________in hospital now. 29 Laura teacher says that she doesn't have a serious enough attitude to her work. ‘SERIOUSLY Laura doesn't__to her teacher. 30 What's confusing you so much? Lor What is it that’ confusion? ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 9 TisaLTEST 1 PARTS You are going to read a book review. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (8,8, C or) which you think fits best according to the text. ‘Mark your answers on by Ben Highmore 1n 1910 the music hall comedian Billy Williams scored his biggest hit with ‘the song When Father Pasered the Pariour, mocking the incompetence ofthe amateur home decorator. Fifty years later, comedians Norman Wisdom and Bruce Foret were sill entertaining milion on the TV show Sunday Night a the London olla with a similar voutine, but the joke was starting to look dated. ‘The success of magazines such as The Practical Householder was already proving that, as the 1957 Ideal Home Exhibition proclaimed, ‘Do-it-yourself isa home hobby that is hereto stay” By this stage, Britain had mostly ‘competed its transition fom primitive housing conditions, made ‘bearable - for those who could afford it-by servants and handymen, into a world where familia looked after themselves in highly serviced environments. Recognisaaly ‘mover technology in the form of telephones televisions and electricity, hnad become ubiquitous and was to transform domestic living stil further inthe coming years. The rakeover of British homes in the twentieth century i reooanted in Ben Highmore's entertaining and informative new book. He takes us ona whirlwind tour ofan everyday house, from entrance hallo garden shed, illuminated by extensive reference to oral histories, popular ‘magazines and personal memoirs. {tits centre, though, ithe way thst our homes have reflected wider social changes. There isthe decline of 410 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. S01 1e separate answer sheet, The Great Indoors: At Home in the Modern British House formality, 0 that living rooms once full ofheavy uriture and Victorian Imick-knacks are now dominated by television screens and littered with children's toys. There is @ growing {internationalism in taste. And there is the rise of domestic democracy, swith the household radiogram and telephone (located in the hall) now replaced by iPads, laptops and robiles in virtually every room. Key to that decentralization of the home and the implied shift of power ‘within itis the advent of central heating, which gets pide of place a the innovation that allowed the ‘whole house to become accesible at all times of day and night. Telling an unruly child to ‘go to your room’ no longer seems much ofa treat. Highmore also documents, however, some less successful steps in the onward march of domestic ‘machinery. Whatever happened to the gas-powered Fridges we ‘were promised in 19467 Or to the Dishmaster a decade later that promised to do ‘a whole day's washing up in just three mintutes’? Rather more clear isthe reason why 1 1902 Teasmade filed to catch on: ‘when the alarm clock triggered the ‘witch, « match was struck, ighting «8 spint stove under the kettle’. You don’t have to bes heslth and safety fanatic to conclude that a bedroom isn't the ideal place for such a gadget. Equally disturbing to the modern reader isthe prewar obsession with children getting fresh air. twas a belief so entrenched thet even a AND USE OF ENGLISH vice of dissent merely argued that inwinter, The healthy chi only needs about three hours aday inthe ‘open air, as ong asthe day and night nursery windows are alwars open. Nowadays, the fesh air session has been replaced by iationa fears of horrors outside the home. I's easier to laugh at the foibles of the past, ‘and Highmore doesn't alays resist 8 sense of modem superior, though, forthe most part, he's an engaging and quitky guide, dispensing sociological insights without argon. ‘The message i that even the language of the home has changed irrevocably: airing cupboards are sing the same way as draving rooms, As for that Billy Wiliams song, ‘By the 1980s", Highmore ‘writes, “it would be impossible for anyone to imagine their font room as 2 “parlour” without seeming deeply old-fashioned.’ He's not entirely correct, fr there was 2 lest one person who was stil employing such terminology. Prime Minister Margaret ‘Thatcher sold her message with the use of what she called ‘the parables ofthe parlour’, which suggests she understood the truth that. despite the catalogue of changes, there is a core that seems consistent. 1946 edition of Housewife magczine spelt ‘tout: ‘men make houses, women rake homes’. When you watch a rale comedian today doing a routine bout his wife's attachment to scatter cushions it seems worth eskcing: has the family dynamic relly moved a seat deal?”' 1 boas irerebaocnosine 31 The reviewer's main topic in the first paragraph is. ‘A. improvements in hiome decorating stills. B_ how common it was for home decorating to be discussed. how unfair descriptions of home decorating used to be. Da change in attitudes to home decorating 52 In the second paragraph, the reviewer says that the book includes evidence illustrating [A that some British people's homes were transformed more than others. the widespread nature of changes that took place in British homes. C the perceived disadvantages of certzin developments in British homes. D that the roles of certain people in Brtish homes changed enormously. 2383 In the third paragraph, the reviewer points to a change in A. the extent to which different parts of the house are occupied. ideas of which parts of a house should be furnished in a formal way. how much time children spend in their own rooms. beliefs about what the most pleasan: aspect of home life is. 34 The reviewer suggests in the fourth paragraph that A. most unsuccessful inventions failed because they were dangerous. B. various unsuccessful inventions failed because they did not work properly. some unsuccessful inventions were not advertised appropriately. there were unsuccessful inventions which might have been good ideas. 35 In the fifth paragraph, the reviewer says that in his book, Highmore ‘A. sometimes focuses on strange ideas that were not very common in the past. occasionally applies the standards of today to practices in the past. occasionally expresses regret about how some attitudes have changed. D_ sometimes includes topics that are not directly relevant to the main topic. 36 Inthe final paragraph, the reviewer suggests that Highmore may be wrong about ‘A when certain modem attitudes to heme life first developed. which changes in home life in Britain have been most widely welcomed. the extent to which home life in Britain has changed. Dhow common terms such as ‘airing capboards’ are in modern Britain, ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 18 Ca TASaLTEST4 PART 6 You are going to read four reviews of a documentary series on TV about large companies. For questions 37-40, ‘choose from the reviews A~D. The reviews may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Inside Business | Four reviewers comment on the TV documentary series Inside Business, which investigated the workings of a number of large companies | | | | | | | A ‘The companies that were the focus of each programme in the series Inside Business were very diverse in terms of the nature oftheir business end the way they operated, but between them they demonstrated many ofthe key festures that characterize big onganizations in the modem world. Each programme focused mostly on the people at the top. The amount of argon they used is likely to have been too much for many viewers to contend with, and they may well have given up. I they di stick withthe series, however, they will have been left in no doubt as to how complex tke business of running large organizations i for those charged with doing so. This was clear froma what the interviewees said, but the questioning was not probing enough, and they were not asked to explain or justify the sweeping statements they made. B ‘The overwhelming impression given to any viewer who watched all six episodes of Inside Business was of the extraordinary pressure that those running modem companies are obliged to operate under. Unless they themselves had experience of working in large companies, however, they are likely to have found some of the interviews bewildering - ‘the questioning was very much of the ‘one insider to another’ variety and many viewers will have struggled to follow ‘what was being discussed. This aspect detracted somewhat from what was an otherwise compelling insight into the workings of modern companies and may well have caused many viewers to change channels. That's a shame because in general the companies featured in the series illustrated very well the impact of modern management theories on a range of large organizations. c ‘You didn’t need to know anything about business fo be fascinated by the seties Inside Business, which gave an intriguing picture from the inside of how various household name companies actually operate. The companies chosen ‘made for good television because they all had very individual cultures and ways of operating, and as such comld not bbe oaid to typify the norm in the world ofthe modern company. Entertaining ae thie was, the portrayal of the firme ‘begged all sorts of questions which were not touched on in the interviews. These gave the people in charge avery | | easy ride indeed, never challenging them to back up their often vague and contentious pronouncements on their approach to leadership. Indeed, the viewer will have been left with the surprising feeling that many large atc apparently successful organizations are run by people who enjoy thei roles enormously because they avoid the harder aspects of| responsibilty by delegating them to others. D ‘The series Inside Business took a serious look at day-to-day life in a modem large company and it wasn't forthe casual viewer, The series required some effort to get to grips with the issues covered, in particular in the interviews, which were not really coessible to the lay person and were instead conducted as one expert to another. Having said that, the viewer who did put the effort in was rewarded with an absorbing insight into the workings of these well4nown firms. They hhad each been carefully chosen to be representative of how large companies are structured and function at present, and they had much in common with each other. The main message put across was how adept those in charge have to be in adapting to a constantly changing business world, |Which reviewer has a different opinion from the others on the choice of companies to focus on inthe series? shares reviewer B's opinion of the likelihood of viewers losing interest inthe series after a while? takes a different view from the others on the impression given in the series of what itis like to bbe at the top of a large organization? ae fb has a similar view to reviewer C on the questions asked inthe interviews in the series? ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND USE OFENGUISH 13 TusalTEST 1. PART? You are going to read a newspaper article about a ship carrying goods across the Atlantic ‘ocean. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs \~G the one which fits each gap (41-45). There is one extra paragraph which you de not need to use. ‘Markyour answers on the separate answer sheet. The wind-lashed workers who battle the Atlantic in winter Even at this stormy time of year in spat us out into the North Sea. Britain, there are thousands of oil According to the weather satellites, workers and fishermen offshore, the Atlantic was storms ftom coast as well as a scattering of seafarers to coast, two systems meeting in ‘manning the container ships the middle of our course. On the and tankers that bring us almost far side, ice awaited. We were everything we need. Sc it was behind schedule, the captain that in the depths of biter winter, desperate for speed. "Six-metre hoping to learn what modern ‘waves are OK; any bigger you have sailors’ lives are lke, Ijoined the to slow down of you kill your ship Maersk Pembroke, a container he said. ‘Maybe we'll be lucky!" freighter, on her regular run from Europe to Montreal She looked GJ) so dreadful when I found her in Antwerp that I hoped [had the wrong ship. ‘Soon enough, we were in the midst of those feared storms. A nightmare in darkness, a north Atlantic storm is like a wild dream by day, a region of racing elements Trade between Europe and North and livid colour, bursting turquoise “America is a footnote to the foam, violent sunlight, and ‘great west-east and north-south darkening magenta waves. There is, runs: companies leave it to older little you can do once committed vessels. Pembroke is battered except lash everything down and ‘and rusty, reeking of diesel and enjoy what sleep you can before it fishy chemicals. She is noisy, her becomes impossible. Pembroke is bridge and stairwells patrolled ‘more than 200m Iong and weighs by whistling drafts which rise to more than 38,000 tons, but the howls at sea. Her paintwork is swells threw her about like a tin wretched. The Atlantichas stripped toy. hertom bck os mse Se = ou —— aa ee whole ship reared, groaning and It felt like a desperate enterprise staggering, shuddered by shocking (on a winter night, as tke tide raced force. We plunged and tottered us down the Scheldt estuary and for three days before there was 134 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS ¢/\ Jul. But even then, an erdinary day involved unpleasant jobs in extreme conditions. [joined a welding party that descended to the hold: a dripping, tilting cathedral composed of vast tanks of toxins and organophosphates, where a rusted hatch cover defied a cheap grinder blade in a fountain of sparks. As we continued west, the wind thickened witk sleet, then snow as the next storm arrived. go All was well in that regard and, after the storms, we were relieved to enter the St Lawrence River, ‘The ice was not thick enough to hinder us; we passed Quebec City in a glittering blue dawn and ‘made Montreal after sunset, its downtown towers rising out of the tundra night, Huge trucss came for our containers. E But without them and their combined defiance of tke elements there could be nothing like what wwe cal ‘life at all, Seafarers are not sentimental, but sone are quite romantic. They would like to think we thought of them, particularly when the forecast says storms at | |= eee Others felt the same, We were ‘the only idiots out here’, as several men remarked, We felt our isolation like vulnerability proof that we had chosen obscure, quixotic lives. Going out on deck in such conditions tempted death. Nevertheless, the ship’ electrician climbed a ladder out there ‘every four hours to check that the cheese and wel-travelled Argentine beef we carried were stil frozen in refrigerated containers. But it does not take long to develop affection fora ship, even the Pembroke =the time it takes her to carry you beyond swimming distance from land, in fact. When | learnt what was waiting for us mid-ocean | became her ardent fan, despite all those deficiencies, There were Dutch bulbs, seaweed fertilizer from Tanzania, Iranian dates for Colombia, Sri Lankan tea bags, Polish 4lue, Hungarian tyres, indian seeds, and much besides. The sailors are not tod wihat they carry. They just keep the ships ‘going ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND USE 0 © Hoping so, we slipped down-Channel in darkness, with the Dover coastguard wishing us, ‘Good watch, and a safe passage to your destination. The following evening we left the light of Bishop Rock on the Scily Isles behind. ‘When we see that again we know were home, said the second mate. F Huge black monsters marched at us ut ofthe north west, striped with White streaks of foam running out of the wind's mouth, The ocean moved | in all directions at once and the waves became enormous, charging giants of liquid emerald, each demanding its own reckoning © That feeling must have been obvious to the captain, ‘She's been all over the world’ proud Captain Koop, a 4grey-bristled Dutchman, as quick and confident as a Master Mariner must be, told me. ‘She was designed for the South Pacific he said, wistfully. (GUSH 35TESTA PARTS You are going to read an article about some children, For questions 47-56, choose from the e sections of the article (AE). The sections may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Inwhich section of the article are the following mentioned? ‘an example of a sign that has become simpler the difference between how the deaf children communicate an image and how other people communicate the same image the fact that the same signs can be used in the communication of a number of ideas the characteristics of languages in general at different stages of their development a belief that language is learnt by means of a specific part of the mind anaspect of language learning that children are particularly good at how regularly the children have been monitored ‘older children passing the jn language on to younger children the reason why the children created a particular sign HHeEee wo ‘opposing views on how people acquire language 16 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISHDEAF CHILDREN’S AD HOC LANGUAGE EVOLVES AND INSTRUCTS ‘A deep insight into the way the “They sign a ctce forthe rolling brain leams language has emerged motion and then a straight line for from the study of Niceraguan the direction of movement. This sign language, invented by deat requires more signing, but the two children ina Nicaraguan school assigns can be used in combination ‘means of communicating among _with others to express diferent themselves. The Nicaraguan concepts. The development is children are wellknown to of interest to linguists because linguists because they provide it captures a principal quality ‘an apparently unique example of human language discrete of people inventing a language clements usable in different from scratch. The phenomenon started ata school for special education founded in 1977, combinations - in contrast to the ‘one sound, one meaning of animal ‘communication, ‘The regularity Instructors noticed thatthe deaf she documents here - mapping children, wile absorbing litle discrete aspects of the world onto ‘rom their Spanish lessons, had discrete word choices is one of developed a system of signs for the most distinctive properties of talking to one another. As one Jhuman language, said Dr Steven ‘generation of children taught the Pinker, a cognitive scientist at system to the next, it evolved Harvard University. from a set of gestures into a © When people with no common far more sophisticated form of language are thrown into contac, communication, and today's 800 they often develop an ad hoc users ofthe language provide Janguage known to linguists as @ aliving history of the stages of pidgin language, usualy derived formation. fom one ofthe parert languages. The children have been studied Pidgins are rudimentary systems principally by Dr. Judy Kegi, with minimal grammar and a linguist at the Univesity of utterances, But in a generation or Southern Maine, and Dr. Ann to, the pidgins aoqure grammar Senghas, a cognitive scientist and become upgraded to what at Columbia University in New: linguists call creoles. Though many ‘York City. In the latest study, ‘new languages have been created published in Science magazine, Dr. by the pidgin-creole route, the ‘Senghas shows that the younger ‘Nicaraguan situation is unique, Dr. childzen have nov decomposed Senghas said because its starting certain gestures into smaller component sign. Aiearing person asked tomime a standard story about a cat wading doven a street will make a single gesture, a downward spiral motion of the hand, But the deaf children have developed two different signs to use in its place, ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OFENGLISH 17 point was nota complex language but ordinary gestures. From this, rw material, the deaf children appear tobe spontaneously fabrioatng the elements of language. Linguists have been engaged ina longstanding argument as towhether theres an inate, specialized neural machinery for learning language, 28 proposed by Noam Chomsky of the Massachusetts Institute of ‘Technology, or whether everything is lead from scratch. Dr ‘Senghas says her finding supports the view that language learning is innate, not purey cultural since the Nicaraguan children’s disaggregation of gestures appears to be spontaneous Her result also uphold the idea that children play an important part in converting a pidgin into a creole. Because children's minds are primed to Jeam the rules of grammar it js thought, they spontaneously impose grammatical structure ona Pidgin that doesn't have one ‘The Nicaraguan children are a living laboratory of language generation. Dr. Senghas, who has ‘been visting their school every year since 1990, said she had noticed how the signs for numbers hhave developed. Originally the children represented “20° by flicking the fingers of both hands in the air twice. But ‘this cumbersome sign has been replaced with a form that can now be signed with cone hand. The children, don't care that the new sign doesn’t ook like 220, Dr. Senghas said; they just want a symbol that can be signed fast TLsalTEST Writing (hour 30 minutes) PART You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1 Your class has attended a panel discussion on the subject of TV shows that feeture members of the public, such as reality TV shows and talent competitions. You have made the notes below. Aspects of reality and talent TV shows ‘+ entertainment for viewers fluence on young people + effect on participants ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion: “These programmes are just harmless entertainment and there is nothing wrong with them. “The influence these programmes can have on young people can be very bad indeed! “People who take part in these programmes can be damaged y the experience. Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the aspects in your notes. Youshould explain which aspect you think is the mast important regarding these TV shows and provide reasons to support your opinion, You may, if you wish, make use of the opi use your own words as far as possible. ns expressed in the discussion, but you should 18. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. 8PART2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate styl. 2. You see the following announcement in an international magazine. Paso t chee hee SD Have you bought a new product reventy, or had one bought for you? Maybe you've just got a new gadget or piexe of technology or equipment. It could be something for work or leisure. We'd lke to hear what you think of it for our YZ, Readers’ Reviews Page. Describe the product for readers and give your opinions | on it. Do you recommend it? If so, why? If not, why not? Send your review to the address bel TASAL Write your review. 3 You see the following notice i ANNIVERSARY EVENT PROPOSALS ‘As you may know, next year we will have been in existence for 20 yea’, and at a recent meeting it was decided that we should rolda special event to celebrate this achievement. We're now looking for proposals as to what kind of event to hold, Have you got a good idea fora special event to celebrate our 20th anniversary? Put together a proposal, giving details oF ‘your idea and how the event could be organized. We'll consider all the proposals at a meeting next month, ‘the place where you work or study. Write your proposal. 4 Your company is going to make a video for publicity reasons, showing what the company does and the people who work there. Your manager has asked you to write a letter to all members of staff telling them about plans for this video. Your letter should explain: = why the video is going to be made '= what the video will contain 15 what staff members will be asked todo. Write your letter, ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS WRITING 19TESTA Listening (40 minutes) PART You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1~6, choose the answer (A,B or C) which {fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One You tear two people talking about public speaking. 4 Both speakers refer to a feeling of A. over-confidence. B_ embarrassment © achievement. 2 The two speakers agree that a big problem with speaking in publicis ‘A losing the audience’s attention during a speech. B choosing the wrong content for a speech. Ca C feeling nervous at the thought of giving a speech. Extract Two You hear part of a radio programme about the London Underground. 3. The poster campaign came ata time when ‘A. various aspects of ife in London were changing. 8 many people were reluctant to travel on the Underground, C the use of posters for advertising was increasing, 4 What does Zoe say about the content of the posters? A Itonly appealed to a certain type of person. 8 It contrasted with real life for many people. Cm © It influenced the lifestyles of some people. Extract Three You hear two people discussing the news media. 5 What opinion does the man express about the news media? A Iedoesntt deserve its reputation, B [thas become more influential. OH Its standards have risen, 6 Trewoman mentions medical stories A to-explain her attitude to the news media. 8. toillustrate the importance of the news medi to describe why people disike the news media, 20 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINGPART.2 You will hear part of a talk about the invention of the microwave oven. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. ‘THE INVENTION OF THE MICROWAVE OVEN eee The invention of the rowave oven began when a chocolate peanut bar in Paty Spencers pocket. Spencer had previously invented a method or [J] the tubes, used in radar equipment. TLsaL Spencer’ frst experiment involved putting [Ee] near to some | radar equipment | Ins nex experiment an egg was put into a kettle and it [FF The fist microwave oven was set up in in Boston in 1946, ‘The fist microwave oven gotits name a aesult of at the company. Cone problem withthe fist microwave oven was that did not change colour init. When a microwave oven that could be placed on top of a wy was produced, sales began to rise. ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENING 21TESTI PARTS. You will hear a radio interview with someone who has been having ballet lessons. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, 8, C or 0) which fits best according to what you hear. 15 What does Rupert say about the fact that he is doing ballet classes? A. Other people have ridiculed him for it. He expects to be macked for it € efsnotas unusual as people ight think. Ce People may think it isnt really true. 16 Rupert says that before he started doing ballet lessons A he had been doing routine physical fitness training, B his knowledge of ballet had been growing oa ballet had taken over from football as his greatest interest. D he had been considering doing ballroom dancing again 17 Rupert says that when the idea of ballet lessons was suggested to him, A he thought it was ajoke. he was unsure exactly what would be involved. wi © he began to have unrealistic expectations of what he could achieve, Cal D he initially lacked the confidence to doit. 18 One of the advantages of ballet that Rupert mentions is that A It leads to fewer injuries than other physical activities. ® thas both physical and mental effects. itis particularly good for certain parts of the body. D itis more interesting than other forms of exercise. What does Rupert say about the sessions? ‘The content of them is varied ‘Some of the movements in them are harder than others for him. ca Allof the movements in them have to be done accurately. They don't al involve basic movements. 20 What does Rupert say about his progress at ballet? ‘A Tthas been much more rapid than he had expected. 8. thas made him consider giving up his other training ca Ithas given him greater appreciation of the skills of professionals. D thas led him to enrol for certain exams. 22 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINGTEST1 aouefouue H ina sueyeads vey EE] suayeads aueboue 9 [EL] vayeeds oad (_] v saeads es nb 3 fpoow 3 eseyeads esayeads quawasnwe ss9jare> g EL] 2 ads fyeh0) 9 EL) emmes Bros > queyeads a FE] teereads fysea Apedwks y yeonu v ‘94883 upog 232|dul09 asnus nok ue3st| NOK auM cuosiad a anoqo sassascha soyoads unsied ayn fo san6 s2yoads yoo ypva Buyaaf ays })~\ 351) 242 wos asooy> ‘o¢~-92 suojasanb 404 uonduasap aya \4~\ 351) aya wosf asooyp ‘52-12 suoysanb 104 om 9504 uo soy ‘mow Kaur ajdoad snoqo Buryo3 210 ajdoad yoqya uy sizosaxe toys anyf1o2y jy} NO, riuva 23 CCAMERIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINGTEST 1 Speaking (15 minutes) PART4 (2 minutes) © Where do you come from? ‘© What's yourjob / What ae you studying? = How long have you been learning English? = What do you like most and east about your job / course? .. (Why?) © How does a typical day for you start? = Would you say that you have an exciting social ie? ... (Why? / Why not?) = What kind of books do you like most?.... (Why?) = Do you try to keep ft? If so, how? If not, why not? = Describe the people that you work / study with. '= What hobby / hobbies do you have? | What are your aims and ambitions for the future? | ‘= What kind of things cause you stress? PART 2 (4 minutes) 1 Characters on TV 2 Things that annoy people Candidate A Look at the three photographs 1A, 18 and 1C on page 25 They show scenes from different TV series. ‘Compare two of the photographs and say what each series might be about, and what the characters might be like. Candidate A talks on his/her own for minute. Which of the series would you prefer to watch, and why? Candidate 8 talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds, Candidate B Lookat the three photographs 2A, 28 and 2C on page 25. Theyshow ‘things that often annoy people. } Compare two of the photographs and say why people find these things annoying, and what can be done about them. Candidate B talks on his/her own for minute. Candidate A Which ofthese things annoys you the most, and why? Candidate A talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds 24 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS 5What might each TV series be about? = What might the characters be like? = Why do these things annoy people? What can be done about them?TEST1 PART3 (4 minutes) and PART 4 (5 minutes) Tourism PART 3 | Look at page 2% where there are something that tourists might do before ordering a tip toanother country. | First, talk to each other about how importantitis for tourists to do these things before or | during a trip to another country. Condidates A and 8 discuss this together for about 2 minutes. Now decide which of these things isthe most important for tourists to do. Condidates A and B discuss this together for about 1 minute. PART 4 What changes have taken place in tourism in recent times? Some people say that tourism does more harm than good. Do you agree? Which people benefit the most and the least from modern tourism? What isthe difference between ‘tourists’ and ‘travellers? Do you think its better to be | ‘one than the other? (Why? / Why not?) |e Some people say that because of tourism, countries all over the world are becoming | | ‘mare similar to each other? Do you agree? Is this a desirable development? '= What developments da you think there will be in tourism in the future? 26 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING| 4 | How important is lea some of itfor tourists to do sony atthe language these things before or eoace during a trip to another au country? havea plan for every day of the trip meet local people see the fanous sights ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING 27 TASSLor 7 WV PART For questions \~2, read the text below and decide which answer (8, ©, C or 0 ish (hour 30 minutes) est fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Mark your answers oi the separate Example: © A original ofA RS B initial oD | Mary Heath was the 0 Queen of the Skies, one of the best-known women in the world during the & age of aviation, She was the first woman in Britain to gain a commercial pilot's licence, the first t02 a parachute jump ~ and the first British women’s javelin champion. She scandalized 1920s’ British society by marrying three times (at the 3__of her fame she wed politician Sir James Heath ~ her second husband, 45 years her senior). In 1928, aged 31, she became the first pilot ‘A golden B sweet 2 Aput B hold 3 Acrest B height 1 Acovering —_—&B stretching 5 Aextlaimed — B declared © Acut B left 7 Aundertook —_B suffered 8 Alike B equal 28 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS primary D novel to fly an open-cockpit plane, solo, from South Africa to Egypt, 4 9,000 miles in three months. It was a triumph. Lady Heath was ‘and called ‘Lady Iearus’ by the press. However, her life was 6. tragically short, Only a year later, she 7_____a horrific accident at the National Air Show in Ohio in the USA, when her plane crashed through the roof of a building. Her health was never the & again, and she died in May 1939. as the nation’s sweetheart © bright D shiny C take D make fullness D top crossing D ranging hailed D quoted stopped D brought € received D underwent € better D sameFor questions 9~16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an exomple at the beginning (0). Write your answers |! CAr Example: BELL a a Stuart Hayes had launched himself on a promising career B ______a swimmer when something odd happened 9______ him at the local pool. Flogging up and down for the umpteenth time, he suddenly realized 10 bored he had become with the monotony. Wasn't there a k more interesting way of 1!______sporty, for heaven's, I sake? There was and there is: the colour, sweat and sheer ‘emotion of triathlons. Stuart became @ world-class triathlete and won the London Triathlon, the biggest event of 12_____kind in the world. Triathlons are 13 but boring. Combining swimming, cycling and running in one physical onslaught, they offer huge variety within a single racing framework. In Britain, the sport is growing by 10 per cent a year. ‘People are moving away 14____just running, and are looking for new challenges; says Nick Rusling, event director for the London Triathlon. “Triathlons are a 15 ___ deal more interesting to train for anc you can vary training to fit busy lifestyles, swimming in your lunch break and 16 on, (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ALVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. SADINc Seeieeaianeinco sieTEST 2 30 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS AEADING AND PART3 For questions 11-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line, There isan example at the beginning (0). Write your answers Ni CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet, Example: fo] [wr [NIN e[R | RESTAURANT OF THE YEAR One nore chance! That’ all we're giving you to tell us about your favourite restaurant and boost its chances of becoming the 0__ of our Restaurant of the Year competition. This is the last time the offical 17____form will appear in the paper and next Thursday is the final date for 18___of completed forms. Over the past few weeks we have been swamped by a paper mountain as 19__across the city jot down the compelling reasons why they believe their 20__ restaurant should defintely win our hotly 21__ competition. Once the 22__has passed, our judges will sit down and count all the forms. The three restaurants which receive the most votes will then be visited by the judges. These visits wil of course be 23. 150 the restaurants themselves will not know that the judges are there, After their visits, the judges will make their final decision over who wins the 24 title ‘Restaurant of the Year’. OF ENGLISH win NOMINATE RECEIVE DINE CHOOSE CONTEST DEAD ANNOUNCE PRESTIGEPART 4 For questions 25~30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the {first sentence, using the word given, 00 not change the word given. You must use between ‘three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: © didn't know the way there, sol got lost er eee eee ee there: (goclort) [i] uowine wow vo FT KNOWING HOW TOGeT | Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL. LETTERS on the separate answer sheet, = a 25 Ietook me some time to understand fully what happened. 3 WHILE _ itwas________ understood what had happened. 26 There's no point arguing about this smal detail in my opinion. WorTH This small detall________in my opinion 27 Ifyour order is delayed, we will contact you. DELAY Should to your order, we will contact you. 28 The two situations are completely different. COMMON ‘The two situations dontt_______each other. 29 | was amazed because there were no problems throughout the holiday. WENT To__wrong throughout the holiday. 30 Ihave no intention of doing another kind of job. DREAM |___ other kind of job ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ACVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND USE OF ENGUISPARTS You are going to read a newspaper article about management. For questions 31-36, choose the answer (2, 8, Cor) which you think fits best according to the text. Markyour answers on the separate answer sheet Simply ticking the boxes isn’t enough have been asked what I think about ‘the idea of ‘Investing in People’. The best answer I can give is that I thinis ‘tat what it tries to achieve - basicaly making the link between business improvement and focusing on the needs af the people who work for an organization ~ is great. My problem is ‘with organizations who subseribe to it as a way to help them ‘get better, when they don't bother to understand where ‘they went wrong in the fist place. They need to ask what explicit and implicit polices and procedures they have in place that prevent their people from being able to do the right thing for the right reasons. ‘Tam sure thet there are managers out there who don’t know any better, and assume that to manaze they simply need to put pressure on their people to perform. But people don’: demonstrate high performance because they are told to. They do it because they see the need to doit, and make the choice todo so, They do st because they are connected to the business goals and they see how their contributions can help achieve them. Such managers may tell theraselves they can puta ‘tick’ in the ‘we care about people’ box. But simply putting ticks in bas is no good ifit doesn't reflect reality 1 know of «company that was s0 concemed that its peoplewere doing ‘the ‘right thing’ that it pt in place ‘series of metries to measure their effectiveness. Sofa, s0 good. But one ofthe objectives ~ making successful sales calls - manifested ize in the ‘metric ‘Number of potential customers ‘seen in one day’. The sales people ‘obviously focused their efforts on going from one customer's office to another, and not on closing deals. Instead ofthe ‘employees becoming more effective, they focused on getting the boxes ticked. Good intent; poor thinking. Another company wanted to improve ‘the speed with which it was able to introduce new products. Competition ‘was beating it to the market place, and ‘consequently the company was losing market share, Senior management sent out the message to reduce the ‘time spent in getting products into ‘customers’ hands, withthe explanation thet they couldnt afford delays. This ‘was a celatively easy tas, especially ‘Since the time spent testing the ‘products was cut in half to accomplish ‘the time reduction. The result wat new products were introduced in less time than those of the competition bat soon rejected by customers for ‘poor quality: Good intent; reckless ‘implementation A third company I know is trying ‘hard to help employees see that they ‘have some control ove their future. ‘The company instituted 2 programme 32. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS *=ADINC AiO USE OF ENGLIS! with a tie like ‘Creating cur own future’ or something like that. A god ides; get the people involved in the future of the company: But instead ofthe employees becoming ‘motivated to contribute, they saw it as a hollow exercise on the part of senor management who, i the past, hhad paid litte attention to anything ‘other than getting the job done so they could report great earings. Yes, the programme was a big tek the ‘bax’ effort, but that was ali was in the minds of the people that it was designed for, A final example is of a company that brought in one ofthese ‘Investing {in People’ programmes to shange the ‘way the company was run. Assessors ‘were running around like eazy, ‘helping managers examine how they ‘managed. They told managers how they ‘could manage bette. And when the programme was over, the company was able to say they had done t= it had ‘invested ints people and fe was now ‘good. But the managers sinply went back to business as usual. After al, the assessors were gone, and they had targets to hit All these examples are mpresentative of senior management who see the ‘need to improve things in their ‘organization, but don't see how to do it Fora start, programme targeted at improving things is oly as good ‘as managements ability te motivate ther people. And when the employees simply see the programmeas a box- ticking exercise, ten it’s hopeless.81 The writer thinks that putting the concest of ‘investing in People’ into practice ‘A frequently results in confusion among the people it is supposed to help. involves more effort than some organizations are prepared to make. ca may create problems where previously there had not been any problems. is something that some organizations should not attempt to do. 132 The writer’s main point in the second paragraph is that the performance of employees ‘A. may be very good even if management is poor. B. cannot be accurately measured by any box Is related to their knowledge of the organization as a whole, D isnot as unpredictable as some mana3ers believe it to be. 133 What point does the writer make about the first company he describes? ‘A [twas not really interested in measuring the effectiveness of employees. B The targets that it set for staff were unrealistic. oy It failed to understand the real needs ofits employees. The data thatt collected did not measure what it was supposed to measure. 34 What point does the writer make about the second company he describes? A Itmade what should have been an easy task into a complicated one. B It failed to foresee the consequences of an instruction. Cea € Itmisunderstood why a new approact was required. D Itrefused to take into account the views of employees. 35 What does the writer say about the programme introduced by the third company he mentions? ‘A. Employees did not believe that it had 9¢en introduced for their benefit. Employees felt that it was infact a way of making ther jobs even harder Ca The reason given for introducing it was not the real reason why it was introduced, [twas an inappropriate kind of progranme for this particular organization, 36 The writer says that the programme in hs final example A. was too demanding for managers to maintain long-term. B was treated as a self-contained exercise by managers. os involved some strange ideas on how managers could improve. D caused managers to believe that their previous methods had been better. (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 33 zisadPART 6 You are going to read four extracts from introductions to books on popular culture. For questions 37-40, choose from the extracts \~D. The extracts may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. An introduction to popular culture Four writers summarize their beliefs about various aspects of popular culture i | | A | The whole concep of‘rpular culture’ is relatively modern one and asa phenomenon tis ky to the understanding of any modem soe. Eames tues abound on the subject and indeed there ae woe branches of acadenia dedicated | ores and thes on the tp, tat nary aes wat thse ois oper complt someting atin ety | arelatively simple matter, Popular culture springs from small groups of like-minded people getting together with new | ideas and then it spreacs out to the population at large if they find these ideas appealing. Much of it relates to the | young and for them it gves a happy sense of being seperate ftom other generations and therefore ‘special in some way. B | Peprcutue mayen hare sran hp rd inet hatha dain of he | tem for many exper, butt nave to consider tat this remains the cas, Instead, thas become someting posed | on the publi tom onbgh, busines commodity that merely pretends to have soos in the catty othe | people’ but in facts sila money-making enterprise ike any other, What people choose to uy and consume in the |. are of popular culture speaks volumes about their oct ands a main indicator of what that occ ice. This | especially true in the area of ‘youth culture’, where the young gain a sense of self and of belonging via shared tastes and | possessions, Studies of popular culture tend to focus on the more exciting aspects and to ignore the more mundane, | ich ronicaly rote the moet intresting | c | To summarize trie popular culture is developed by the people forthe people and wen it as become popular | enough commodied fr profit by the business worl. Stadies of popular ealtre have proliferated over the years, | and expert inthe eld have developed thei own woabulary and teria for analysing, These stds often stress the soda pects rather than te commercial nes For the younger participants in popular clare, thew eues are irrelevant, as what they get from it is a sense of identifying with a particular contemporary group, a comfor-ing sense of community, They are disinclined to anaiae this themes, Tis worth remembering, howere, thet at any age, popular cuitmeis often aminocty intrest ~ todays media ket give the impression that the vast aor of people are swept tpi itwhereas this is tequenty nt the case > ordinary members othe public were to reed mot ofthe worthy studies of popular culture that academies produce, ‘they would find them orerblown and ridiculous in taking such everyday and essentially trivial things so ser-ously. In ‘the media, excitable journalists and experts exaggerate the importance to most people of the current popular culture ‘henometa, which neal donot mach occpy the mings of most people. The one are where Chege observations iney not had ue, howere, i among the young, where poplar ature can have undue influence, encouraging thet o accnire uneaisi ideas about how they can ive their ies an therefore potential having a damaging eft on their futures, Qe ofthe mor interesting aspects of poplar ufturefor ll ages its unpredictability anew phenomenon can suddenly emerge hat grips a section of society and that takes the commercial mold entiely by surprise, fring it to react swift to keep up and to eapitalizeon that test phenomenon, 34 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS S=ADING AQUD USE OF ENGLISH~~ Which writer takes a similar view to writer A on studies of popular culture? differs from the others on what causes popular culture to arise? shares writer 8' opinion on the significance of popular culture? Cg Oa Og has a different opinion from the others on the impact of popular culture on young people? (CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND USE NGLISH 35. 24saLTEST2 PART? You are going to read a review of an art exhibition. Six paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs AG the one which fits each gap (41-45). There is ‘one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. ‘Markyour answers on the separate answer sheet. An exhibition of works by the artist John Craxton | "A World of Private Mystery: John Craxton RA’ at the Fitzwilliam Museum is a stall show, but it does full justice to an artist whose career divides into ‘wo parts: the years before and during the Second Werld War, and the work he did afterwards, when for long periods he lived outside England, war art. With a few interruptions, Craxton would spend the rest of his life in Crete. gO) But if there is little exploration ‘or discovery in Craxton's later work, you find instead a sense of fullness and completion, a feeling that in accepting his limitations, he remained true to himself. As he once said, ‘I can work best in an atmosphere where life is considered more important than art; then I find i's possible to feel a real person ~ real people, real elements, real windows — le begins with his small-scale landscapes in pen and ink, pastel, gouache and watercolour, identity had matured. With hi His subject is arcadia, but a style, subject matter and working distinctly English one in which method all fully formed, it is poets and shepherds sleep and hard to imagine how he would dream amid blasted landscapes have developed had he remained eai gun above all. In life of under darkening skies Suffused in England after the war. reality, my imagination really with longing and foreboding, py works [fel lke an én these works reflect the reality of Cae living in @ rain-sodden country py his frst visit to Greece in under constant threat of foreign 946, raxton was swept away Ld eed by the light, colour landscape, 11, most noticeable in the works 7s ft and people: The dark cloud on canvas, especialy in formal {hat hung over the work he i@ portraits like his 1946 Gin with ‘Most of the early wors in England lifts and overnight a Cock’ and it's there t90 in the is monochrome. In many his palette changes to clear blue, f,ceted geometric planes of Greek landscapes, writhing branches —_green and white, landscapes like his panoramic and gnarled tree trunks fill our view of Hydra of 1960-6. field of vision. Beneath the go) surface of the self-consciously Goats, fish, cats or a frieze of Craxton wasn't an artist of the ‘poetic’ motifs, the country he sailors dancing on the edge of first rank but he was inimitable shows in these pictures feels ‘the sea: in the Greek paintings This show is just the right scale claustrophobic and joyless. beautiful creatures move and it comes with a beautifully Zo] titurally across bare rocks and illustrated book about his life and blue waters. The compressed joy work. As this exhibition makes clear, by you find in these pictures doesn't the age of 25 Craxton's artistic exist elsewhere in British post- 36 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. AEADING AND USE OF ENGLISH‘A. Itcomes across this way even when he uses strong colour, as in one sunlit landscape in particular, where the yellow is harsh and the red murky. Its ‘as though he's painting something hed heard about but never actually sen: sunlight. B_ It was not only London that oppressed his spirit, | think, but the overwhelming power of the new art being made in Paris by Picasso, Mir6 and Léger. In assessing Craxton's work, you have to accept his debt to these artists, and particularly Picasso. And though he would paint arge- scale murals and design stage sets ard tapestries, neither his subject matter ror his style changed in any fundamental ‘way during that period. It may sound harsh, but when he decided to lve there permanently, he elected to write himself Out ofthe history of art D Indeed, | well remember how Id step into a large gallery hung floor to cellng with paintings, and out of the visual cacophony a single picture would leap off the wall. it was always by John Craxton. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS, (My guess is he'd have responded badly to market forces and critical pressure to do new things. What he needed was to develop at his own pace ~ even if at times that meant standing stil, But to do that he had to leave the country. They do so through tightly hatched lines and expressive distortion which ratchet up the emotional intensity, asin his illustrations for an anthology of poetry In these, a single male figure waits and watches in a dark wood by moonlight. Gone are his melancholy sett portraits in the guise of a shepherd or poet - and in their place we find real shepherds (or rather goatherds) tending living animals. Now Craxton is painting a world outside himself, not one that existed largely in his imagination. READING AND USE OF ENGLISH 37 ZusaLTEST 2 PARTS You ore going to read an article about various birds in Britain, For questions 47-56, choose fromthe birds (A~D). The birds may be chosen more than once. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, Of which bird are the following stated? Further attempts to increase its numbers were made once initial attempts had proved successful Its population growth is a reflection of how tough itis. Tre statistical evidence to support the view that tsa very popular bird, Trere was a particular period when its population plummeted. A criticism could be made of ts physical appearance. A common perception of ithas proved inaccurate. Growth in its numbers has been much more gradual than desired. There is reason to be Measures taken in the running of a certain type of countryside have assisted in the ‘growth ofits population, Even though its population has fallen, it can frequently be seen in various particular locations. 38 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS. READING AND USE OF ENGLISH ve that its progress in a particular region will be maintained.bss saesiomsninnsit UMM rds in Britain come under scrutiny ‘2 macsive new study, Birds Britannica. A record ofthe avian ‘community in the 21st century, it reveals a continually evolving pattern. ‘Mark Cocker, the principal author of the tome, selects some cases. ‘The ed kites recent rise from a ‘mere handful to several thousands is among the great stories of modern ‘conservtion. Testimony to its lagship Status ia tecent Royal Society for the Protetion of Birds poll which ranked it ‘with the golden eagle and song thrush in the nation’s list of favourite birds. ‘The dramatic spread has hinged on a reintroduction scheme at six sites in England and Scotland using ‘Kites originally taken from Spain and ‘Sweden, The English releases began in the Chiltern in 1989 ancl when these had achieved a healthy population, subsequent introductions were made in ‘Northamptonshire and Yorkshire using ‘mainly English birds. The Scottish releases inthe 1980s and 1990s have resulted in populations totalling more ‘than 50 pais. Altogether there are now bout 3,000 kite in Britain. ‘This highly attractive bird "is confined to jst ve Western European conutris 28 wwellas the north African Titra, and has Mitt ULL the smallest world range of any of ‘vx breeding birds. eis alo a highly sedentary bird and a maor cause of decline i its great suscetbity to the ‘cold, The worst case oocired in the ‘0 successive hard winters of 1961 and 1962 when the numbers fl from 450 pais to just 10. Memories of this calamitous decrease, coupled with the bird's mm ‘tiny size and seeming diac, have ‘cemented out sense of x overarching ‘vulnerability. It is one ofthe best British examples where species’ local arty has been assured to equal amet constitutional wekness. ‘All the caution i perfectly understandable as an expression of ou protective instines towards ‘a muchloved bind, Yet sits oddly ‘withthe warbler's continuing vise and expansion to popalation of 11925 pars by the year 2000. It has ‘undoubtedly been helped by mild ‘winters as wel asthe intensive ‘management and protection of England’ lowland heath Yet ‘the Dartford Warblers cent Inotory ilusteates how easy itis to underestimate the resiimnce of small rare bird, © White-tailed Eagle Itis dificult to judge which is the more exciting conservation achievement ~ the reintroduction ofthis magnificent bird oof ed kites, By wingspan and ‘weight, this isthe largest eagle in Europe and one of the biggest of all Dirds in Britain, However, if the species itself son a grand sal, the sizeof the LIMLLLLLLLL LIL d reintroduced population is tiny and the ce of increase agonizingly slow The project involved a remarkable team effort by various UK ceavironmental groups a well s the Norwogian conservationists who organized the capture ofthe donated birds Between 1975 and 1985, they released 82 eagles (39 males and 45 females) from a specil holding area on ‘the Inner Hebridean island of Rhum. [Eight were later recovered dead, but in 1985 came the fst breeding attempt. ‘Two year later, pair of white-tailed eagles produced the ist British-bomn ‘cick in 69 years and every subsequent breeding eeason has seen a small, ‘incremental improvement. There is now an established breeding nucleus spread between th islands of Skye and Mall as well asthe adjacent mainland, and their recent history suggests thatthe whitesailed eagle's increase vill continue throughout northorest Scotland. Bren the seatest fons ‘of this lovely bind, wit its mouse-grey upper parts and whitish breast and belly, would have to admit that it {is rather drab, They have no more than ‘thin, squeaky, smal song. However, spotted flys compensate with enormous chacter ‘They are adept at catching large species such as day-ying moths, ‘utes, bees and wasps, whose stings they remove by threshing the vitim against the pereh, Theft specialized diet means that they are among the latest spring migrants to return and are now in serious decline Dheeause of half a century of pesticide use. Inthe past 25 years, their ‘numbers heve decined by almost 80 ‘er cent, but they ae stil sufcently ‘numerous (155,000 pais) to be familiar and ere often beds of lage gardens, churehyards or around farm buildings CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS READING AND OF ENGLISH 39TEST 2 Writing (hour 30 minutes) PARTI You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1 You have watched a documentary about what causes young people to start committing crimes. You have made the notes below. + lack of control by parents + absence of opportunites in life | + influence of friends ‘Some opinions expressed in the documentary: “Without firm discipline from parents, some children are likely to get into trouble, Tmrsipring tanya posevotedsetmenocaree_| ‘of a good life turn to crime, | | | “The bad influence of people they mix with can cause some yourg people to take up crime” Write an essay for your tutor discussing two of the reasons in your notes. You should explain which cause you think is the most important for young people committing crimes and provide reasons to support your opinion. You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the documentary, but you should use your own words as far as possible. 40 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS WAITINGPART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 inthis part. Write your answer in 220-250 words in an appropriate style. 2. Yourecently spent @ week at an adventure sports centre. A friend is thinking of going to the same place and has sent you an email asking about your experiences there. Reply to your friend, giving information and advice. Inyour email, you should = explain what you did at the place © describe your feelings during your stay '= advise your friend about going there. Write your email 3. You see the following announcement in an international magazine, LIVE PERFORMANCE REVIEWS WANTED Have you seen someone perform live who _restof the audience think? Compare the live you had previously only heard on recordings performance with how the same person / fr seen on TV or in films? We'd ike youto _people perform in recordings or on TY or in send us reviews of concerts by bands you'd films. Were they not so good live, or did you never seen live before or actors you'd never prefer them live? Did your opinion of them seen on stage. Describe the performance in change? Send your reviews to the address detail, What did you think and what did the below. Write your revi 4 Aspart of an exchange programme, you recently spent a week staying in another country ‘with someone who had previously stayed with you as part of the same exchange programme. ‘You have been asked to write a report on your experience. Your report should include where you went and who you stayed with, and what you did during your visit. It should also include a comparison between your visit and the person's previous stay with you, as well as any points you wish to make about the exchange programme in general. Write your report. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS WRITING 41 ZAsaLTEST 2 Listening (40 minutes) PA You will hear three different extracts. For questions 16, choose the answer (8,8 or C) which {fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One You hear part of a radio programme about a famous London hotel 1. The presenter's aim in her introduction is to A. correct misunderstandings about the Grand. provide factual information about the Grand, C encourage listeners to go to the Grand. 2. What is the manager’ attitude towards the customers? ‘A. He wishes that more of them were not rich people. 8 He treats them allin the same way, regardless of who they are. He always knows instantly what category they belong to Ca Extract Two You hear two presenters talking on a science programme. 3. The male presenter says that the research produced data on [A the period of time that some teaspoons were missing. how quickly a certain number of teaspoons disappeared. where disappearing teaspoons had gone. 4. The female presenter says that disappearing teaspoons is a topic which A has produced some interesting theories. 8 concerns a growing phenomenon Cm Chas no great significance. Extract Three You hear two people talking about popular m 5 The woman's main point is that A. itis no longer possible to create genuinely original popular music. B all madern popular musics a poor imitation of older music. Ca popular music has always been an overrated form of music. 6 What does the woman say about modern performers? ‘They are not interested in the views of older people. They are taking advantage oftheir audience. Ca They are influenced without real nee 42 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINPART2 You will hear part of a talk about best-selling books. For questions 714, complete the sentences. FEATURES OF BEST-SELLING BOOKS ‘The most popular celebrity autobiographies all focus onthe [SSCS of the celebrity. Some popular celebrity autobiographies hare no in them, The top-seling cookery books create a sense of [El that appeals to people. People who buy the most popular cookery books are most likely to use a recipe from them for ee {| People buy the best-selling sports books because of the in them. ‘A common feature of popular history booksis that they contain J). which make them interesting to ordinary readers. Best-selling self-help books now tend to focus on giving advice on how people can make progress with their [I Incrime fiction, the [EE connected with solving crimes have become a main feature of best-sellers. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENING 43 Z4saLTEST 2 PART3 You will hear a radio discussion about writing a novel. For questions 15~20, choose the answer (A, 8, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 18 What does Louise say about Emest Hemingway's advice to writers? A Itis useful to a certain extent. 8. It applies only to inexperienced novelists. os Ee ttwasn't intended to be taken seriously. D_ itmight confuse some inexperienced novelists. 116 Louise says that you need to get feedback when you ‘A. have not been able to write anything for some time. Bare having difficulty organizing your ideas. os are having contrasting feelings about what you have written, have finished the book but not shown it to anyone. 17 Louise says that you should get feedback from another writer because A it is easy to ignore criticism from people who are not writer. another writer may be kinder to you than friends and relatives. itis hard to find other people who will make an effort ta help you. another writer will understand what your intentions are. 18 What does Louise regard as useful feedback? A. a combination of general observations and detailed comments both identification of problems and suggested solutions cs comments focusing more on style than on content D_ as many points about strengths as weaknesses 19 What does Louise say about the people she gets feedback from? A. Some of them are more successful than her. She doesn't only discuss writing with them. | She also gives them feedback on their work. D Itisnt always easy for her to get together with them. 20 One reaction to feedback that Louise mentions is that ‘A. itis justified but would require too much effort to act on. 8 it focuses on unimportant details rather than key issues. Ca thas been influenced by reading other people's novels. D it isnot suggesting that major changes to the novel are required. 44 CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTSTEST 2 suena 243 uo sm20)4upINO>| 1 uogensuowep eH [EL] sumyeods Sones pofolue auotiang 9 EE] suyeods Buppame 9 _— “pus aun asoreq yeti Fv avods fated Bumeaje 4 juounre ue sem 04 jaune [EL] careads 4 eaayeeds fea ‘Apeq pawean sem! a E vounesjoopse a ‘reo papua n> EL) 2m eds Jared fepinige > vauodue mauy Aipuey| g Teyeads bunaawe g popuane jem qusema}y soe '545@} 420q a39|duo9 su NOK Uarsy| Nod ALY, staypads yooa 03 Buypi0220 ‘gnogo Buryj03 51 zayoads pauaddoy yoym }1~y 384] 243 wosf asooy> ‘0¢-92 suosanb 104 Yypoa quana ay3 |v 3S1j 242 Woaf asooyD 'G2—Tz SuoWsanb 404 om y801 2u0 350 “papusnao Aaya sjuara.anoqo Gury} 210 ajdoad yotye ut si9013x9 2104s any s09y J)94 NO, viva 5 ‘CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS LISTENINTEST 2 Speaking (15 minutes) PART 4 (2 minutes) | | | L = Where do you live? ‘8 Who do you five with? ‘= Whyis learning English useful or important to you? = What reasons do other people have for learning English? 1 What kind of technology devices do you own and use regularly? 18 What kind of things do you do with your friends? 18 How big a part does watching TV play in your life? = Do you keep a diary? If so, what do you write in it? If not, why not? '= What meals do you have each day, and when? = How much traveling. within your own country and abroad, have you done? ‘= What do you like doing the most during your free time? (Why?) ‘= What household chores do you yourself do at home? PART 2 (4 minutes) Glamorous lives earning a skill Cendidate A Lookat the three pairs of photographs 1A, 18 and 1C on page 47. They show people with careers that are considered glamorous. Compare two of the pairs of photographs and say what you think each person's life and personality might be like. Candidate A talks on his/her own for1 minute. Cendiidate B Which of the people would you most or least like to be, and why? Candidate B talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds. Cendidate 8 Look at the three photographs 2A, 28 and 2C on page 47. They show people taking classes in order to learn a skill. Compare two of the photographs and say why the people taking the classes, and what might be involved in learning Candidate B talks on his/her own for1 minute. Cendiclate A Which of the skills have you learnt, or would you most like tohave, and why? Candidate A talks on his/her own for about 30 seconds. 46. CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: ADVANCED PRACTICE TESTS SPEAKING