Look at the sentences below: Now compare the two sentences below:

 By the time we get to the airport, the plane will have  By the time we got to the airport, the plane had
taken off. taken off. (past idea)
 By September we will have earned more than  By the time we get to the airport, the plane will have
10.000 dollars with this project. taken off. (future idea)
In both sentences we used the future perfect to describe When we connect two actions in the future, the previous
actions that will be completed at a certain time in the future. action completed in the future is expressed with the future
Formation: perfect and the following action also happening in the future
We form the future perfect with will have + participle. we describe with the present.
By November we will have already gotten our driver’s
license.
2 3 4 A Using the information given about the
pictures, describe actions that will be
1 completed at a certain time in the future:
1- Jill / start her ballet classes / August.
_________________________________
2- Anna / do the finals / the end of the year.
_________________________________
3- Arnold / earn the black belt in karate /
next month.
5 8 _________________________________
7 4- Julie and I / 5 o’clock / clean the house.
_________________________________
5- The secretary / November / get a
promotion.
6 _________________________________
6- Bill / get his driver’s license / this time
next year.
_________________________________
7- Lana / recover from the hangover / lunch
B Complete the sentences: time.
1- By the time we ______ to the theater, the play will have started. (to get) _________________________________
2- By the time the plumber gets here to fix this leaky pipe, we _____________ 8- My sister and Lucas / get married / the
how to swim. (to learn) end of this year.
3- If you don’t get a move on it, by the time we get to the bus station, the bus _________________________________
________________. (to depart)
4- By this time next year, I hope I _______ already _________ the mortgage. (to
pay off)
D Mark (F) when it refers to a future action
and (P) when it refers to a past action:
5- By the end of the year we _______________ our 25 th wedding anniversary. (to
1. By the time the girl got to school, the
celebrate)
class had already started. ( )
6- By the time they _______ a new receptionist, Susan will already have gotten
2. By the time we get married, we will have
her promotion. (to hire)
already saved enough money for our first
7- By this time next year Carl ________________ a new job. (to get)
house. ( )
3. By the time the game finishes, you will
C Choose the answer that best completes the sentence: have spent all the money you have. ( )
1) By the time Susan _____ the road, the wreck had already happened. 4. By the time my sister hangs up the
a) had entered b) entered phone, she’ll have spent all her allowance
c) enters d) will enter with that long distance call. ( )
2) By the time we get ready for the party, the guests _________. 5. By the time we went to bed, the kids had
a) will arrive b) had arrived already slept. ( )
c) arrive d) will have arrived 6. By the time this show ends, my neighbor
3) By the time Oscar goes to US, he _____________ English very well. will have slept on the sofa. ( )
a) will have learned b) will learn 7. By the time the lights went off, I had
c) learns d) had learned already written my report. ( )
4) By the time the wedding party started, the bride __________ her clothes. 8. By the time I take a shower, Paul will
a) had changed b) will change have already gotten ready for the party. ( )
c) changes d) will have changed 9. By the time the prom started, most of the
5) By the time we get to Miami, they _____________ our reservations at the couples had already arrived. ( )
hotel. 10. Getting read at this pace, by the time we
a) will have made b) will make get to the mall, it’ll have closed. ( )
c) made d) make
Teacher’s keys

1- By August Jill will have started her ballet classes.

2- By the end of the year Anna will have done her finals.
3- By next month Arnold will have earned the black belt in karate.
4- By 5 o’clock Julie and I will have cleaned the house.
5- By November the secretary will have gotten a promotion.
6- By this time next year Bill will have gotten his driver’s license.
7- By lunch time Lana will have recovered from the hangover.
8- By the end of this year my sister and Lucas will have gotten married.

B 1- get; 2- will have learned; 3- will have departed; 4- will have paid off; 5- will have celebrated; 6- hire; 7- will have
gotten.

C 1) b; 2) d; 3) a; 4) a); 5) a.

D 1. (P); 2. (F); 3. (F); 4. (F); 5. (P); 6. (F); 7. (P); 8. (F); 9. (P); 10. (F)