Nama : Mauludiyah

NIM :

Kelas : HKI

Makul : Bahasa Ingris ( Tugas Resume)

English Language
Introduction

English is a West Germanic language that originated in England and is now the most widely
spoken language in the world. It is the official language of 53 countries, including the United
Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and India. English is also the most widely used
language for international communication.

History

The English language evolved from a Germanic language spoken by the Angles, Saxons, and
Jutes who invaded Britain in the 5th century AD. These tribes brought their own languages with
them, which merged to form Old English. Old English was a very different language from
modern English, with a different grammar and vocabulary.

In the 11th century, the Normans invaded Britain. The Normans spoke French, and their
language had a major influence on English. Many French words were borrowed into English, and
the grammar of English was also influenced by French.

The English language continued to evolve over the centuries, and by the 16th century, it had
become what we now call Modern English. Modern English is the language that is spoken and
written today.

Phonology
 The English language has 26 letters, which represent 44 phonemes. The phonemes are the
smallest units of sound that can distinguish between words.

The English language has a variety of sounds, including vowels, consonants, and diphthongs.
Vowels are sounds that are produced with the vocal cords vibrating. Consonants are sounds that
are produced without the vocal cords vibrating. Diphthongs are sounds that are produced by
combining two vowels.

Morphology

Morphology is the study of how words are formed. English words can be divided into two main
categories:

 Free morphemes are words that can stand on their own. For example, "dog" is a free morpheme.
 Bound morphemes are words that cannot stand on their own. For example, "-s" is a bound
morpheme that can be added to the end of a noun to make it plural.

English words can also be divided into two main types:

 Base words are words that cannot be broken down any further. For example, "dog" is a base
word.
 Derived words are words that are formed from base words by adding prefixes or suffixes. For
example, "dogs" is a derived word that is formed from the base word "dog" by adding the plural
suffix "-s".
Syntax

Syntax is the study of how words are put together to form sentences. English sentences are made
up of clauses. A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate.

English sentences can be classified into two main types:

 Simple sentences are sentences that have only one clause. For example, "The dog ran." is a
simple sentence.
 Complex sentences are sentences that have more than one clause. For example, "The dog ran
after the cat." is a complex sentence.
Semantics

Semantics is the study of the meaning of words and sentences. The meaning of a word can be
determined by its context, its definition, or its usage.

The meaning of a sentence can be determined by the meaning of the words in the sentence, the
order of the words in the sentence, and the context in which the sentence is used.

Pragmatics

Pragmatics is the study of how language is used in social contexts. Pragmatics includes things
like how we use language to express our intentions, how we use language to communicate with
others, and how we use language to understand the world around us.

Conclusion

English is a complex and fascinating language. It is a language that is constantly evolving, and it
is a language that is used by people all over the world. By learning English, you can open up a
world of opportunities.

Additional Information

In addition to the topics covered above, English language courses typically cover the following
topics:

 Reading
 Writing
 Speaking
 Listening
 Grammar
 Vocabulary
 Composition
 Critical thinking
 Research
 Academic writing
 Professional writing

English language courses can be taken at a variety of levels, from beginner to advanced.