gma Dr Md. Rofiqel Islam. 1 10-203 4 Dp. td: Salah Uddin ‘Yusuf Class-1 R10 Electrons in. motion—>. cunnent vs drift of free electrons through the space letticg is electric current . ys - \ : dinection of cunment . ; \ dinectot woo = . / cleckrns vy . “pLiquidl cand! ae "a ako be conduatogs . * The wi Particles here are not. electrons bud. tha X molecules en atoms knowe ag ‘ions. $n general a forea flous Or Motion. of chal ed. Particles either positive ‘cad: on nepptive ‘ys° current t 1 + dag\ngu * -ta 0510-23 1 Chass R12 Measurement of eurnent —» tho ampere. One ampere. is thal eunnent which usill causa a free. of ali onoaitepulsion. of 9x10? neuston pen meter Lelueen -tws loop panallel coductors placed 1 neten pact n. free Space . $ “L=paralled legth. attraction repulsion. : Fe Joree S= Separation distance. (Fone se - Quanki of lactate the coulonb é ' One coulomb is that quanti of electricity cahich pas in 1see ashen Oo reference.” Point on Q conductor. conduetor cammies a Stef curtrent of 1 amp- — Cuetnent Q=iT \stime J Queotr4y of charge he ngResisionce: “The. property of a: aonducton which jeequirtes the experditure of emerey the movin elect rion 1S Called wreastone u »d " * Unit of resistance! One ohm 8 et tesistonee of @ eto ‘vy which energy iF in last at the rele of one joule pen see Gy) when’ the cunient 1S Lamp . Rez f (rote of enereae| loss) | Pott) differences dt is the gen on boss of energy pon ‘unk’ quantity ot dent b e renee atl loss ov —ewoltege drop EL = iw a-b-sthe movi e retire energy ‘ e-d-rtle mo fg. daige loss ead ih tye ee E ore Ve One ‘iol 6 that potential difference is tu points: ona etreuit when the enense] invohee, moving 1 coulom), om 2 one fete to met is 1 goule. td- emds 94. is the fore thot causes -the electri, to move. Actually it fs the cause of ounnent. Cinewit? An glootiica) eineuit is & close: path where electrons/eunsent flows from a vol 2 sounce ort current source +5 the load. | Typed bagstnee! Dine @ non linear > example of non linear pesistonce eee oao™t Nu ~ Thermostat (températune’? . “resistanec}) se Prerond omy see sails the algerie sum of electromotive mee (vo 2 ol ris equals to ii v7 al gebiie sum of ig eye aes OS Sees, E1+Ey = Vet Vy ¢VatVol PE, tEy = TRat 12+ TRo + 1Rol > “Eyits Ret Ret Rese, > equivalent Pegs tance_2 i, (ee fox yw MF. MG emg? free cee 4s fee wa a UF, curcnent ahr > S C 4+ =e meee 5] * _ | AE ~25-154+Vj=0 | + 420+ =8 >V_=-20V >V,=40V a ) 0:10.23. f Ches-3 Rig Power’ power 1s the time rate of expanding ‘ore abéori enenge measured =e q a : “pe Ot, oi Pow fr ser frmation is satisfied wen the enters tho postive terminal. of on clement, wher Sa ~ and, P=tNL a CED 4} the current entens threxgh the neptive ‘terminal, P=-VL * 5 maa_ _ 4 “Aetye element : Voltage source, cunstent Source, = Passive clement: resistance. [for be), indecinee he. capae: tanee 1 m1 Pe +VI lenerg absorbed) 1 . 1 P= -NI (oe seared) 7 a Ide indeperlent Soave: ne) ndpent ‘ig on. active clement ©that provicles a specified wolloge on current that 4s cont inelpenl nt of other cineuit — 1 belt cone WO , pnw eae dunrcent fo ths . a . 5 . Sout Ch Ray . *Ideal Deporlent Sunwin. ideal dependent. (or eontrelled) Source, 4s an active element in wshich, the Source quanti y is contriled by other viene Of eurcrent. clependent. <><". dependent vatspe source curwent Souree 4 types of dependent soune : O voltage clependent volte. source (vewg Deans dependent wahoge source. ¢ CMs) + @aolege clepenclonteurcien: (gouRee . ». &) cannent dlependlent.curient soutteas? Fn ios Conduckmee z Conoluetanee is & the ability of an element ‘erduck of releotnie “chiment St is measured ig rho ort S Gimenee)Branch? Branch Represents a gingle element such as . vs Wolage, solurce, re curttent Sourtees Node A Node is at@thteotion bekueon’ tun ofc 8 more “Loop ig ome A Low is ie agi path. from a starting at a node, passa Ahoy ses om L rreturting to the Starting ni VT cuithout pas ro ond le ‘more Man re / we cre wt) 5d evan erere fe eye, eK -He -20 +V/ Vy =) > 29 121 491=0 251=20 Z1=4A Va 4X2= 8V i Vie 3x4 of -12N , %. . + ao - e — 1244149. —4Y- Vo =0 Vee -€) 07 1244142. ci)-4-Cd) 20 oN 6X8 7 . - =4gVv 2-lL+41—-21-4 +1 =0 71=-8A- 12° 1022, R12 | | Class-4 | * conclueton whieh ts maintained 0. Reture. iS proporctional fo He potertia| 148 terminal. v Ih ® wade 4B, = inde pendent IkV 31= PR a FT ejpwsat shes Laws BIE BA Linen eineuit Carbon is not linear _ ote — caoghare cireult. “ pousen input - mpl Qhn's Law? Mesh Asceatiety The current in” Constant tem, oliffemnce Power? Poe N= T'R= e Reisen = RRR alg, he —r Ee = Erteg Ea-Ey 7A )Oreuit? 1 42 SY za - ; 4 : sa using kVL, FS0+41H25 +2144 0 = BL-e'S PIU A voltage devide reules dn o series eineaitt volt 2. acenoss the nesistie element will devide as the magritude of the me nesistanee. + : R Re Rou. yes 4 UE . Abt = ag en 1 ia L Vy Rae ee : yO Rey > Ag = Ree de t Ratha Rae © ee - , MLE gh Wi po i Gt | gav awhOe . Notations? AL ‘8 a Vag—> double subseript notation, ~ ABR Ge volige lifferenee Vo siegl le subseript notation — gfiounel Sr mar A point Oe potential Hloace They Hoa bol cagy' °.Mipe = BV - Soto ane 8 wer A Gr alin Sv of SE Na ob groxnel ot ' Orato short tov aw) t ye re T° Vy =4 yo AJ Val = 10-4 —10 + C]-+41-0 =6V > 101-10 pi-1Amp.db + . Og +20V & + Vab b “hsv Nabe Va-M, |" = 20-(18) = 20115 =3BV age Rain: Vac wtage maltin Vp= Ve. “RL VEL veoh ser Fret ene ar IEEE rrequketion wise. Va Agi IT 57. Vee ‘wae wltge Ge, Leed's acertoss @ me SSerties eineuit: ——— ~ canallel “geuit? “Bagel Two ‘oft more bre branch + opel sect Bese fs ta parallel if tha.is. wo eommon points. a toot eRe Vee Vo! je Regulatice 100% |My Valtgge il al Wi weg No LoUU On Fy wegen wer (Rm ye) Rr= R my anf pe a ee “Rea ‘18 2 Rep = — \ : ; , whee a 4 AL 4, J J tatgty ) Cunmant Divider Rule $ For tio parallel elements of equal value; the eunrert will cdevde. ec ly. Fore arallel elements with alifferent values the smallest | Ie rtesistanee’, tho greatest’ the share of the. ‘put vo etament. current. | L ' | Vhs | _nag, ne to inenoase the v Sst oe Source ‘m parallel» to inenense. the uit nent tote ed _ at ; dt ain pe \ A Ee ri 4 atte, EE k Ah—> Amt Ampene hour \ a bo charing hut 20 hours. L00Ah t->10 Amp fet of ar ay e 10 12]? 10 Ap Gar aay dlischerye 7 arg 1 toto) energy = 100AhX12.Vv = 1200 VAh = 1200Wh Loads 100 welt wer, backup time = 00M pf” lL 4o discharge upto X Depth of dlschape idea soz" V0 Goad, nt weet discharge WI AMT AY DOT charge FINE XE . [rete voltage cuted tower voltage cutoff ket? Kinodk kinchhoff’s Curent Law - wt Igs 2A Ta=10A Ty=8A = neering = Z tating 7 we . Apty= 448'=194 : - Los ne . { equal . .* Sgtg = 24102124 ,arrijng Ree at mode a lyye2ts-SA 7 Keath, . x nd Ty41=1 >oH=1 2T=LA nscale Fe 104 a _ -) the small the resistance 6n ‘Bie the Greter the share of the curr! = PIXRXRs = _GX24K48 _ Rp Pike RoRet ROR Scan taivegaeaxg = 1363 n= fxr = TEx 42 = 30° 54Aand Re tuanh agproreh: eerier ae dincuits AR AAA Ry Ry HPMCR Ascipation al & Ry yet Ry ® Voltage Te pe Re. R= Rell (Ret Rd) -£ RART (ae)” wy R yt Vex! ) ied id a acu atip re. * = Wx so NSXxRr" ye Ri__ RAR RetRy_ — - Bleck grea, approach. Ry satay 7 Rex g. ope DE . NOR RB = Rat RylIRs fShort —> resistance 6 open —> rresi¢tove ap Ree FFG_ 2910-23 i. RID. Class -6 Gonsa nr, A-Y } A wesh aatean zemen A ys dar pnt Y j RoR = Rell (Ra+Re) > Ryan = Ae Gath) - ~o ' +R E+Re Rab Rit Ro = Rol) Ra tke ** DRE = elect == -@ Ree Ry +g = Ral) Ro +Re _ Balto) D RobRy = Rat Rothesubtracting @0> BEAR RR = Fe RelbRas) Re Gate) | RatRetRe | erere te ~ RvtRBt Re we 0p, = Fae + Reet Rake Rafe Ra tRatRe | Fe ” RatRetRe =) Al of otrilaale Roke :* Dol © OM Aa, * PeiRerRe | R Yowah. term aerate RatRethe D-Y 4, Aor eabe Rama eek tor jee ER | a2h wl Diidig Qt Rs Pake/Anifore) a RG Re/(RatRa ARS : o% = 2k = Poste —@ wawg (i) -@ “take /leninett) ee Pa /Pn-tReRe) ree PRez RoR) a Ry oat “st he value of Ry od nm e © _ eh Re RoR, Re, a Wig pS Re: Rg? gai R= ss un 3 eA att yt ete + _ fe Se 7s Gea RyRo ee #8 RiRot RoR t Rak Mo | Re x RyRo+ RyRy + RAR || Ro,~ Ry 4 RP + Pak Yoo, “cal. cd “she ae trreye wld Aas beat, oath GF FG Rog [oR Gta eH Hee 7 oP on fractions. Sahil ra ane, Page G51 35) 4.0595, = 2-989 NeDY CHO” prtcattet a. 8 = ak 32+ N 2 6eF =A Branch Carnert Anis - Qe tml set rey Loop equation . 2421, +413 <0 » 11421, =) - -® 641, +413 =0 > Tet41g = 6-H) rode equation, Ipt+12-1g,.~0 DY thes - @) 12.23 Chss~-7 Rie it{ Node. AT ka ee ar GIO node 4 amar branch “ire 1 eSistane @ ly ee Oloop equation heae, Ab2lg a1 | tg =6 Ly +19 =1, we font) A Tyety tly = 12 = LPrhe Mee are nated ‘neh megte/wecuel Loe exer GD) Loop seledtion Gi boop eunrent with eucment loop esa : “24244 4fy-%) <0 ’ ‘ee smat ~ 9-242 +47, -YL = 0 > Cy-4Yn+2- B- 931-2 ~1-@ 4f,-1p) +1174 C= 0 1D My~41y *h-4620 > 4y-Slo= ¢--& pe ig REL pap ¥ emaert in 4D registed, Jy I1-Th=-#2 = 14 (pr)¥ f hoop Ge au ewinenl sourree AE —> sper loop | supen mesh X ve this eireuil by veh IS Of Nodal onobysis. ae bop equation fr urhole Loop , “WAC A=O > 1014 +201) =42.39. 2sutl 16-0) “WAT . Frage Frege 21 1 jy-b=4- @ oy We 4Ay TR Bes b wage uo" aed oi “Spe8°37A os mot ely a= 206FA_ sty cg celal on 8 x eo Souree yrurg Loop eration waIrrar » # ye6A and, Yy-D1+ C1p +81) -83 =O 13<8A 9 Up- 12+ Gly +81,-$40 > JO]o = V6 =p]p = 4°F IMP- Circuit 4 clepenclend source anarer mesh? \ PIL A PLD LI Oo —2Y $1014 -10]p +121) = 1215 =O" P 2244 -10]p~121g = 24 ~ 6) 19} -1014 1241 +4913 =O 7-101) +38} —413 =0 - -@) . . si “apg 101j 4g 419 4% =0 ——__sequation's dy ory : ; 5 ae 1 Jo Ge 312g -12144Y1g4Ny: ot ‘h) =0 . tonvert -¢50 ? 121g - 114 Hg 49% 144 th =0 [iI] Io=14~1y PB +1013 =0 — eywWorkss @) Detemrine the nodes ~ Metre ode Y voltage Og rode wtp : @ ergy gromd on aor goer T¢}exenee AAI rrejeraence Yar voltage 0 1 | Soe enh ee aor vee. use war) SE KCL at node (?), zi ‘ LD Edes “aye SY Ne 42-0 sane ket at node @) ou Ae ee wack “xb ee ~2=0 : oro = 387-€gV Vr= 3229Vt ow, sm Vi va 19 2 (n)%* ia kel at rode 4, ¥4-0 yes 3 ‘1-0 4 hy MN3 “+ Se -0 “ket at mode 2, MeV) + a =3—- ao) “o . st ml 2 Set + GO +B <0- a———————————————— ~~ @— \ wae te-Jorence $a 0.2, My M2 =12. ket at 1, -ot +1+ =0 Move keh at 2, Moh 444M -1=0 ee gh iA aya J pb tyH4M 29Nede-1: - . Vy-E: : Zt et + Mrs Ve W' } Ro Re ~o Mi-12 4 Vi-M2 4g Ma pte +4 -2<9/ FG LN “Sdie Nede -2 ans Nog Ve Mei . —@ tat Ag =0 if ¥ S at rode Q, Vi-V2. VirV3_ ee + = 0 at node i), : Me 3 + ae 4 Vo-V5 =0° ¥ 3 node (fit), / “ ‘ x gt Va-Vi 4 Ve-Vo, 421%=0 4 3g here, ve hee 1x. ei(Bayt ele te arr ag fh 4 voltage Source eter, tale supeenadeSanee Traneprmation’ A sounee trans foeecion is te trowes of replat, 2 voltae ‘S0unce. N& in Senties with a resiston x a cunrent souneo 1g in partalld with a haiti Ron viceverda: eedopenden{ Source -oc9 Custeny courte 6peak i x MAMA <0, + > =I P1=- 2 = 45 3411 +41 +Vtlg =0 DSTA > 548) Ve =-15 > Vee FSV :Super P Reition lot Theorem: The Ceneent eh om vallise ALTwSS an element m a bene bilateral nelwatk js ae do the. algebiie sum of the eaairents on wenn prrodticecl inclepeneon a eah Source. ’ Number, of network to be analyzed = No of independent Souree_ Lineaart circuit + those eirteuit hich follows Ohm's Law bilateral hot urent ue a 1 THFP, thes IRMA He WEF cenieent frer Ber | 1 tesiston — bilatera] Aldce —> WoHage geune —» internal reais tanee i ealy O eo" eae soutee —» Plea rresistanee 1 tw valigge a aes eS >) shont % TW curnent, soured ul wer weet - short ae Wet ‘Gen vie)- f_ 30-~ 3° If= ae 3A corsideripy vollaqe. sounee inaobive 4 yh $1 net QO fon , ihe BH = 300 (y cor) gc Tete” = a412= 4A oe enNext Ts —_er arekyse Sounee trans foumation, ow dal. anafysis > tind 3 usleg superposition theenene 4-0- 4sv st 12 qo Ig vy! At eoncierig SIV velege Bouree, incl, ow 29 i . } its a2 _ =2 ue Toe sean 15fe Consiering eurctrent source inate, 4a r ov Gar 30.2 1 ag = A considering vwollage. Source. inactive , v (ys ry J. . @)A 360 = the a ty an = elt lel = 3tt2= WA_ ae Next ef eee eRe relic sounce treansfoamation, dod caf > find ‘s usteg superposition theonen? | 4o- 5 oo 48v t | 42 Ip ft concider SHV wetege Souree, ict, ow on ae . 4028 : sy . Toz =2 ° SHON 24 iig. 4% . uliaa)e4 = tf Lis" 4A Ts d= 1g 419” = 45442 325A WeyMy - 5i'+1 (14-18) +3(02-1)=0- - 3 (3-1) +1(13-1) +510 +41 ~0-- 254 - B1e" +1 (4,2) 4811-0 51) +3(1y-11) 451! +415 -20-0 Vollave souren, wae Ker sh “FAT! curuter Sourtee ane free open eineuit In =10't3 “is - oe Wy UTE 1T21y-13 44814 44-113, + UY "a = — } Y1y-4ty +31, - 319 =O —-- geht26 inaative 1Thevenin’s Theorem. slates that a Linea tuo terminal Hlateral einait aon be replaced. y an equivalent cinouit eangisti Vey in series) wstth resiston(Ri] sounee ( Where Vii, is the opm circuit. wvoltag oF QA vO @ at He tenminals and Rr, 16 the equivalent resistance of the teaminals uhen the inde ponllet sounee ano turned off. wa xk Nu, ¥ Thevenin vollage Voe—> ¥ Open circuit who voltmefe er MT ATES WW voltase gweme ger sho wo ETC eunnent Sourtea, open. PAST VA) Souree er Nee RR WAT,ned —» 2.20) ? C 3G-14.93 Ton a3 ‘the venin's Theonem’s . a DEO > he - Nth Re E = R Moh Rik, XR Ry, Ri ; t RyRy ‘ - . Pd wits Fy ee a bees - oy - | av i reea Be 4 3 ohms curtnent =) DE yp. - 8 x6 2-4 3v- (62m Kowr 6+4 fet vii)ab Lenvinal re meee Hheverin equivaleit eigcui CF | dent ff - : cola Te PRO CAT ag aT Souce Yr ~ mesistance ati ont, Rey aA ee UR HT AB teartinad 4 or ‘Ssourtee_ 7 wart clavtent tava ' wm) . , Ret « VerePP ‘My +2(11-22) + Cy -13)-0 --@ ~ Vx -+2[I2-) =0-— i) ai 6 (t-2)+ 2s H=0-@ the G-- V=—4 —— @) Rhea Yy=5A — , T-Sh Gg) 4218-2) F 61g. 0. | Sa=B0R.) Iy=Bp —2Nu t2(t-19) = 6 Vic=4 (14-18) ; . Nie Ix 6 40% boot 4 oe . . 60. [ thevenin gubalak * aey is erreuitNoefor's hence Norton's Uheowem Skies, toamined dilatena) network can be aqquivalet cinewit consisti % m. parallel with a mesiston (Rn) vepheaed by On. Ry —s Rh OF aT GFE TET UR aN | In Gr war na Oe teneninal short we tet @ teaminel Gee short “wnt eunnent In Qa [ . wae ee fer Gag tuk dependent Source Amer WRT af kana vol fege omy ENT Upsopr CR fae , vit tat ayy tip : of Q ecurtent soureo_19-11.2% - 18 fet \ ® determine norton. equi valent Cineuit eonsicleni the might ode the Aeescit- 6 q co. 7 Y) WV & ¢ Te detearmine Ry — oa | Rye IKC ye Ne ag TU$ al superposition , In =-BA 4 INL 7. 2-178, q=178A_| 2, IN=- 845% G25A chert eto A, Gey an"‘13-0 719=0 Iu=-h =0A Kh= x= 9-0=0 -1+8(4-12)=0 Pet She df Ee Ss % Nonton equivalent Cineuit Tt aH)i fe determine In, 41 +10-0 Dy=-2-5A e265 A -10 +5 (13-12) =0 b= 21% P-A0ESIg -5X5=0 ~ Bes - 58 Flg= If 2 IN=1g =7A ~ Noton Equivalent eisreuit , S.Nye 7 find Norton. Qquivalent Cireuit ae ms dn Rn og 72 1421-07 - \ 7 11-05A 2 (Ip-11) -2Ve+ G20ay Maximum power transfer theavom: Gn a tuo tenminal Sikdtenal network, A wil Meeeve maximum. when the doce resstanee — tine resistanee. or, Load resistance — thevnin Mesist equivalen{ Fesistonee . TW eat terminal GF maximum power La wore pesistance =F teaminad Gr arene thevnin nesislanee . Q) () tT] Abad Reine > Ripacl “eer Iphest power one)) Lee-14 629.1199) Xf R12. A gk can 7 Mth R Po aaah f. . R=PR oe (rary Fon maximun powen Anviastes bo wd, dh qd 5d ” Tk tae =D > Ey nA 1 Re 2 (Rib 4) 0 (Ry ta (Ge, +828 Rty 280-0 = RR 49 08 + RE -DBRE ORE = 0 = Rep =i. ©, stesistance can't be negative : SR eR , to maximum. power transient YS Sounee wer Load ly WT Line resisfanee = Load resistance . by A R= Rt ——>RL i -® maximum power transfer theorem (9 waar ZEI-> Line bo qe Powen bss ~er 1+ heat Line G heat produce we bss wl Syziclenoy in maximum power -trranslon theonem: re bad ce ny i A, . = ——— 100 . ook Ye oi -AR x vo Terme ek Rta, 100Cr R RRA] ty: Ry 00 [oR > Hh ¥100 = 50% - i 20% ¢ power in mer ea ond "dhe -saastens powert -transfen condition. R r-PR ue . ae ee wou = Et ere eat © maximum Power in L is GR, . fe RR 7k - maximum power transfer (Boyelst Betraths . a find the vale Lt ~ in aes oa. of Ry, torr ne 20. Aon RL ™arimurn Piseq, { — tind Ori muse otis Power Ri 94341996, =O 4 . if the vale of ® is oquality 992. ay ft: theny be 28 =2%0-3x(2) #19. (iy i ~ 4246], +1204-12) = 0 “ D4 ») = ~2 Curl ty hed *20V Ch > he ZA a owt me RETR —Reoiprocity Ropnsfive' Vhecien the onsen 3 tn. any bvnneh . x, hows of x nelwadk Ato lo a ciple vollaye wena | my voheue the m the nelwoak wld ogual the enyment thwesph the bnanh tn which tho sowie uses onfginelly heeded Whe vounee \s rleood in. the buanh in vihich the eunsend 1 vies origindly meaguited « f Ay - 7, |. Feisv | go Eg as 912.0. Ret ead (of 6+ 61D =b6 |- . _ 4s = 4B -u3A i VO. 7 pF ee = . ~ 4SXG a oA : ** G49. “ye 3 ny The ar + H5A mo at5p 9 Of . are (98% eiceult eyuivelad)- a } 26-14-23 / f Lee- 16 R12. } Millman’s Theorem’ renner “Any xy members of parallel voltage Souree can fe redueal to one. ; \—wire 7 Fouree trans frmaion ) { Vi ZR ) ae ca 1. elt ae . a . Wes Re : Ak 1 RL & * vr Rog = BUR IRs Wey,oct Rey AS44442). 1-0526 . ya 108 43 fo we > DIN 1:05 at) Using millmer's oper fird the compen ocr " reBe 3 + Compensation theorem’ 44 4 a cance ph in “HO lunal PADDR anclysis Yat states that amy riesistinee of @ nelut con be ‘replaced ba voltage gourtco that has Zen ‘wlennal resistence, and the voltage. equal to the Vay rop across the replaced resistance due to. the current ushich flow was fling thaowgh it. [Pm aig ‘ te bs vo ™ / MW - ‘ - Ree sy if [| dee —Griewit theorem endles Voctae Gs set of question Tove eeea cs Magnetism ee 1 Sel Question wine 5 K Book? RP Werth NUE Feld ry te in ace in which a duet is aclaptpon 1. current acarn ine 4 a force is 1Set do be a mapnelie field. (magnetic. feld Gg Cf tic ew gt force magnetic: feld is produced by a@eurrent Conteing conductor ort eoil- (i) by & permanent magnet. | ‘ | Gy sec gear) Soyer S Gamer, conductor G cunnent T : a 6 magnet Godt ea 1 FO magnetic fielel ais éf the general ype wofermed to -Veetorn field. oe ¥ The positive of direction of the fell is te eonventn tokes as pertpendiculan to the plane of the ceil and away from the obsenvor when he faces tho coils So, that, the positive dincolion of earrrent Need appears elockwise.tp hin.oS only i bts Pht hand cle: Gitabs the conduate;, uth 7 night | So Bhat the thumbs mh 54 tn the positive direction P Current. The, et then enaine iaacinele in. he. magnetic ~field. the. positive direction miijr 0-17 ae The forces wach act upon the sides of the eoil depend “por @ chanatonisl;e of the elf ealled called the megnetia flux. index. dens \Fe 81 - JP an i tome curment in ampena W ten fox densita Oe : > tae — : The fee density ‘na magnetic field et ie Pen square meten when a Straight conduct on 1 meton long’ Canrefing & cunment of 4 amp and placed penpendioulan to the. magnetic Lines “exponianes a fone of 1 neuston. 5. Frees ‘tetiicon current car conduct —> pormech the Proven of Space, ain and jon ushich ‘in the Frees between current agarying tonductor is called Permiq htt Lya Foes mene flusk density toe depepen en clepond ara ) ae dusk OnE meclium Ge or depend “eer ) . eter Or ceed emit «here > Lt Fe ie 5 Aertel le lee of two endl Le tey ° te Dla Reletine pormiabilitys | ea na BSE! Ns coiriead i Pe 7 +] here, So pe Pehiiy m tes space | Has relative ‘poremiahikt P= penmiab iby of a medium 1 ' t + 32 a ae i ad0 The Biol Savant Law — flux density duo to tong comet Curnent: conry conductor’. MH consider a fy steejght tondiclor coseying cunt 1; which establish @ magnele Field in which tho fh density at a distance of” $ melen, from the conductor 1S B webore/mn™ p Ny seeond ' conduobig $ mete apart cairn a curment Ip - ‘ : \ ji acted : The medium soprtundin these conductors has Peamectility ft and lel us consider L meten long Section. The fone. acting on the second condueton, Foree of repulsion FE ML Ty ang oggin Fe Bly "axe : BLIn Ae Biol Savert Lee”% Ampere’s laws, Reged fel west) . , | B= MH aN ya tL Her Bs We maf alvice the eonaluetons i in short Seyments exch of h ns “Then we my assume thal at a speciqted point P there wsil) be. ea intensity De Dros 46 i sextet i nthe eh le seqmert. ea < - OH 1 oe AK AS? “He = Tas. sind DASE jo Gat Du ol anf a} Joon er se ges Qo, ai a sted-— tee 1% RID Caleulation of maynetic field imtencilies ° TMARAA AMAR ARRAS, ¢ . Ho 2 _Jds sind —> Ap Amperte’s Lacy ° Yn Siz. 93 af, AS 1s allowed to approach zero (0), Im equation. becomes definite. ‘trleqnal- He * tenp ds is Unk the summ aliox From picture, S= rtanog | -& = msec’ a = See b= ser [p- 180-(90°- of) | sin) = sin (01) Qi = coSoh owe er eosok soetol det Un x Werk 1I ‘ jee fb fa dong condetor : Fe, ian ring eonduetort, (264 rege) O Ba For cirteulan “one tuan ca of reks am fn For concentrate d cra of i tum, He A Pd“The Cincurtal torn of amperes Law’ IY YYWY“YYYPOmOrOOEOOOOOOOO™ E=MMF R= Teduetanee- = Meas al =n 6 Heoso dl = NI asyoo iH Es No But, = , : be Me | Pee ean i= He oe = NARA BL k be. = HAE ar , - The inertemental ognoun} of ence supphed| chi the Aime, OT is Aw dw PAT = 48 SH er AT. AL -— none mental cheng pen unit ywlume, Aw- H-AB “Ener Per unit volume, We 57H. a8 =e ~2 uA [pepati] =4 Mu Energy Stoned ¢ pen unit volume ay Lu He = Relactance tie eld R re, * ‘We know, —-_ R--g ereete wegnelion, hari, aa. supa .B ee ad Peyet 182, 189, 192, 205, 18% K-, ey 821,195 197,198.95, \ is Loop) > hystasis x ney Ev cue (hyststs “) he shse toss Gr By + generator 4q be a AD cunnent does, Po = Ke Bin VVee x digqican: yk ana countoncloc kui 50 flotation. Mw “7 Ve MN +s Ve Xe WR jes ww4.01 9, ‘ leg Rag b-Y /y-A EGNVERSION—WNTET omg =. ats Saia gor (Gone wee tne fa ia oli cn ue “h FRAT by Sr lee) ; th # RP wlad tre Beane eee CSD [ane] * i. G Conversion of unt» p= 0-0006 Weber caste = 60 tine Azan = Ks)~ = 0785 spore. inch,-_6¢ ; t= = Soe =FE4 kline/a, tne, From eunve, Hers Fent == bal = FSxeyy = 605 ¥ 244 010 page fee Lox matenlal xer F wr xe) ow: Hk Hedy wy Ualg, Fo Swat = Bry t Bob tidy + Holy thes @ flask (cer +9) Parcalol momebe cinaits —> Bry stacd Emde 7) =,- Hg magnetic fad er for Se oe % een ~~ a nr “ math \ tet er eke oer eail6 MME Question i may neticsCouree Course Teachers: Credits: 3 Title: Basic Electrical Engineering (1) Prof, Dr. Md. Rafiqul Islam (2), Room# EEE221 (i) Prof, Dr. Md. Salah Uddin Yusuf Room # EEEZ12 ———__——— ns “Text & Topies to be Discussed a wok | Fundamental concepts and units, Variables and parameters: / [3] is} a) | Voltage, current, power. energy | Independent and dependent sources, resistance. (3) [5] | ~) Basie law O's Ta, Kies crt! bw “| | sist | 4 ~ G | Kirchhoff's voltage laws, Joules law 13] [5] i . Simple resistive circuits: Series and parallel circuits, voltage BIAS S| 3 and current division, _ 6 6 | Wye-Delta transformation (31 [5] Lot 7 | Techniques of circuit analysis: Nodaland BIE bet 4 vr [3 mesh analysis (3) (4) [5] CT | Pauper nodennd super mesh - TaraT ts {Network theorems: with applications in circuits having | < i 10 | independent and dependent sources Source transformation (URIBE ‘Thevenin’s theorems | _[ Norton's tieorems mes | superposition theorems a TMI) | Millman’s theorem Compensation theorem TUTE) ‘Maximum power transfer theorem THIS] Reciprocity theorem , (BIE) Magnetie quantities and variables: Flux, permeability and | (3](S] reluctance, field strength, magnetic potential, flux density, magnetization curve. (315) Laws of magnetic circuits: Ohm’s law and Ampere’s circu as pere’s creuital | 15) 15) Magnetic circuits: series, parallel and series-parallel circuits (G15) Revision and open discussionCourse Contents: Fundamental concepts and units, Variables and parameters: Voltage, current. resistance, power and eneryy. independent and dependent sources. Basic laws: Ohm's law, Kirchhoff" current and voltage laws, Joule’s laws Simple resistive circuits: Series and parallel circuits, voltage and current division, wye-delta transformation Techniques of circuit analysis: Nodal and mesh analysis including super node and super mesh Magnetic quantities and variables: Flux. permeability and reluctance, magnetic field strength, mayne potential, flux density, magnetization curve. Laws of magnetic circuits: Ohm's law and Ampere’s circuital law. Magnetic circuits: series, parallel and series-parallel circuits. #, ae Introduction to measuring instruments: Ammeter, voltmeter, galvanometer and wattmeter. Source concept: sources of emf, primary and secondary cells. Energy storage elements: Inductors and capacitors, series and parallel combination of inductors and capacitors, Altemating current circuits: Introduction to _ alternating current circuits, instantaneous. average and R.M.S values, complex impedance and phasor algebra, phasor diagram, Power relations in ‘AC circuits: Real, reactive and apparent power, power factor, power factor improvement. Network theorems (DC and AC): Source transformation, The Thevenin’s. Norton's and superpositi theorems with applications in cireuits having independent and dependent sources. Millman’ th compensation theorem, maximum power transfer theorem and reciprocity theorem Reference Books: v& Fundamentals of Electric its by Charles K. Alexander and Matthew N. O. Sadiku (4" Edition) 2. Electric Circuits by James W. Nilsson, Susan A. Reidel 3. Introduction to Elecirical Engineering by Robert P. Ward 4. A text Book of Electrical Technology, volume I, by B. L. Theraja, A. K. Theraja vA. Introductory Circuit Analysis by Boylestad gp: Altemating Curent Circuits by Russel M. Kerchner and George F. Corcoran (4th Euition) 7. Basie Engineering Circuit Analysis - J. Irwin, R. Delms, Wiley (10th Ed.) 8. Engineering Cieuit Analysis by William H. Hay, J. Jack, Kennedy and Steven M, Durbin (Sth ition) 9, Basic Electrical Engineering — BakshiPry lon Sako Te Roll: 2203099. Dept: EEE oe the End