UNIT 6 ADVENTURES Watch the real-life video

to review the unit!

FUNCTIONS WARM UP
• Expressing preferences • Which one do you prefer, safe or extreme
• Giving explanations and reasons sports?
• Making comparisons • Which equipment do you wear while practicing
• Following a discussion on adventures your favorite sport?

Adjectives Equipment Risky jobs Hit words

ß Acrobatic ß Amazing ß Life jacket ß Paddle ß Air traffic ß Balance ß Contest
ß Adventurous ß Amusing ß Knee pad ß Boat controller ß Destination ß Explore
ß Challenging ß Cheap ß Crampons ß Axe ß Astronaut ß Experience ß Indoor
ß Dangerous ß Difficult ß Elbow pad ß Raft ß Coal miner ß Transportation ß Frostbite
ß Disappointing ß Easy ß First aid kit ß Rope ß Fire fighter ß Individual ß Outdoor
ß Entertaining ß Exciting ß Ice screw ß Instruction ß Scenery
ß Stuntman
ß Expensive ß Fantastic ß Swimsuit ß Vacation ß Waterfall
ß Fascinating ß Free ß Thermal clothes ß Window ß Adrenalin seeker ß Rent
ß Frightening ß Incredible ß Torch cleaner ß Adventure lover ß Safety
ß Interesting ß Mysterious ß Helmet ß Trainer/instructor ß Tour
ß Possible ß Risky ß Kayak ß Fee/price ß Guide
ß Reasonable ß Safe ß Accommodation ß Injury
ß Strange ß Extreme ß Food included ß Deadline

Making comparisons Expressing preferences

PREFER… TO
Adjective Comparative
form ß What do you prefer doing
Fast Faster on summer holidays?
ß He prefers reading books.
1 Big
Safe
Bigger
Safer ß I don’t prefer living in a city.
Happy Happier ß I prefer rafting to kayaking.
than

More amusing
2 Amusing
Dangerous More
WOULD RATHER… THAN
dangerous ß Would you rather stay at
a hotel?
Good Better ß I would rather go home
Bad Worse now.
3 Little Less
Many/much More ß He would rather go rafting
Far Farther/further Adventurous sports/ than canoeing.

activities Mischievous

ß Base jumping ß Canoeing ß Camping ß Heli-skiing ß Cycling

Nature

Winter
Water
Air

ß Bungee jumping ß Kayaking ß Caving ß Ice climbing ß Jeep safari

ß Hang-gliding ß Kite surfing ß Hiking ß Ice skating ß Motor racing
ß Highlining ß Rafting ß Mountain ß Skiing ß Parkour
ß Hot air balloon riding ß Sailing biking ß Snowboarding running
ß Parachuting ß Scuba diving ß Rock ß Rollerblading
ß Paragliding ß Snorkeling climbing ß Safari tour
ß Parasailing ß Underwater hockey ß Skateboarding
ß Skydiving ß Windsurfing ß Skating

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WORDLIST
1. Adrenaline seeker: Adrenalin
tutkunu
2. Adventurer: Maceracı
3. All-inclusive: Her şey dahil
4. Ambitious: Hırslı
5. Axe: Balta
6. Bravery: Cesaret
7. Bridge: Köprü
8. Canoeing: Kano sporu
9. Catering: Yiyecek içecek tedarik
10. Cliff: Uçurum
11. Cost: Maliyet
12. Courage: Cesaret
13. Difficulty: Zorluk
14. Disappointing: Hayal kırıklığı veren
15. District: Bölge
16. Dream of: Hayalini kurmak
17. Dry suits: Dalgıç kıyafeti
18. Elbow pads: Dirsek koruyucu
19. Experience: Deneyim
20. Eye-catching: Göz alıcı
21. Fearless: Korkusuz
22. Firefighters: İtfaiyeciler
23. Flight suit: Uçuş kıyafeti
24. Footwear: Ayakkabı
25. Free-fall: Serbest düşüş
26. Waterfall: Şelale
27. Get frostbite: Donmak
28. Glacier: Buzul
29. Goggles: Gözlük
30. Harbor: Liman
31. Individually: Bireysel olarak
32. Inexperienced: Deneyimsiz
33. Inspire: İlham vermek
34. Knee pads: Diz koruyucu
35. Magnificent: Muhteşem, fevkalade
36. Mysterious: Gizemli
37. Overland track: Kara yolu
38. Paddle: Kısa kürek
39. Paragliding: Yamaç paraşütü
40. Qualification: Özellikler, vasıf
41. Raceway: Su kanalı, yarış pisti
42. Require: Gerekmek
43. Safe landing: Güvenli iniş
44. Skill: Beceri, yetenek
45. Spray skirt: Kano ekipmanı
46. Stuntman: Dublör
47. Edge: Eşik
48. Track: İzlemek
49. View: Manzara
50. Wrist guards: Bileklik
ADVENTURES
COMMON WORDS
1. Accident: Kaza
2. Accommodation: Konaklama
3. Adventure: Macera
4. Adventurous: Maceralı
5. Amazing: Büyüleyici
6. Amusing: Eğlenceli
7. Back up: Desteklemek
8. Boring: Sıkıcı
9. Caving: Mağaracılık
10. Challenging: Zorlayıcı
11. Compare: Karşılaştırmak
12. Cover: Kaplamak
13. Dangerous: Tehlikeli
14. Decide: Karar vermek
15. Entertaining: Eğlenceli
16. Exciting: Heyecanlı
17. Extreme sports: Macera
sporları
18. Fascinating: Büyüleyici
19. Freedom: Özgürlük
20. Gain: Kazanmak
21. Guess: Tahmin etmek
22. Handmade: El yapımı
23. Healthy: Sağlıklı
24. Helmet: Kask
25. Improve: Geliştirmek
26. Include: Dahil olmak
27. Indoor: Kapalı alan
28. Inexpensive: Ucuz
29. Instructor: Eğitmen
30. Interesting: İlginç
31. Kayaking: Kano sporu
32. Keep: Tutmak
33. Knife: Bıçak
34. Life jacket: Can yeleği
35. Moreover: Bunun yanı sıra
36. Move: Hareket etmek
37. Movement: Hareket
38. Nature: Doğa
39. Rafting: Rafting
40. Scenery: Manzara
41. Scientist: Bilim insanı
42. Skydiver: Hava dalış
sporcusu
43. Skydiving: Gökyüzü dalışı
44. Special: Özel
45. Sportsman: Sporcu
46. Supersonic: Sesten daha
hızlı olan
47. Survive: Hayatta kalmak
48. Transportation: Ulaşım
49. Wind: Rüzgâr
50. Wing: Kanat
6 UNIT
COMMON CRITICAL EXPRESSIONS
• Catch the sky.: Gökyüzünü yakalamak.
• Equipment included.: Ekipmanlar dahil.
• How old should a person be to attend it?:
Katılmak için birisi kaç yaşında olmalı?
• I think extreme sports are more exciting
than indoor sports.: Bence macera sporları
kapalı alan sporlarından daha heyecanlıdır.
• I would rather go rafting than canoeing.:
Raftinge gitmeyi kanoya binmeyi tercih ederim.
• I would rather watch whales because it
is so fascinating.: Balinaları izlemeyi tercih
ederim çünkü çok büyüleyici.
• Is it entertaining?: Eğlenceli mi?
• It requires a lot of courage.: Çok fazla
cesaret ister.
• It takes about 20 minutes.: Yaklaşık 20
dakika sürer.
• It’s time to say “I can”.: ‘Yapabilirim’
demenin vakti.
• Get ready for the journey.: Seyahat için hazır ol.
• Taking photos of animals is safer than
scuba diving. : Hayvan resimleri çekmek
tüplü dalış yapmaktan daha güvenlidir.
• To reach the finish line.: Bitiş çizgisine ulaşmak.
• What about your second choice?: Peki senin
ikinci tercihin ne?
• What activities do you prefer doing there?
Why?: Orada hangi aktiviteleri yapmayı
tercih edersin? Niçin?
• What are their common features?: Onların
ortak özellikleri neler?
• What ar their professions?: Onların mesleği nedir?
• What can a visitor see there?: Bir ziyaretçi
orada ne görebilir?
• What do you need for this sport?: Bu spor
için neye ihtiyacın var?
• What do you prefer doing on summer
holidays?: Yaz tatillerinde ne yapmayı tercih
edersin?
• What is the aim of it?: Bunun amacı ne?
• What is your favorite sport or activity?:
Senin favori sporun ya da aktiviten ne?
• What kind of sports do you prefer doing?:
Ne tür sporları yapmayı tercih edersiniz?
• What qualifications should a person need
to start it?: Buna başlamak için bir kişide ne
tür özellikler olmalı?
• What’s the rate of death in base jumping?:
Paraşütle yüksekten atlamadaki ölüm oranı nedir?
• What’s your craziest dream adventure?:
Senin en çılgın macera hayalin nedir?
• Which extreme sports do you prefer?:
Hangi macera sporlarını tercih edersiniz?
• Who takes the most risks?: En fazla riski kim alır?
• Why do you think he is an adventurer?:
Niçin onun bir maceracı olduğunu
düşünüyorsunuz? 87
 UNIT 6 ADVENTURES
VOCABULARY

1. Match the extreme sports/activities with the correct pictures.

i. Hot air balloon tour

a. Base jumping r. Rafting

j. Ice climbing

b. Bungee-jumping s. Rock climbing

k. Riding an elephant

c. Canoeing t. Scuba-diving

l. Kayaking

d. Caving u. Skiing

m. Kite surfing

e. Climbing a mountain v. Skydiving

n. Motorbike racing

f. Hang gliding w. Snowboarding

o. Mountain biking

g. Heli-skiing x. Underwater hockey

p. Parachuting

h. Highlining y. Windsurfing

q. Parasailing

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VOCABULARY

ADVENTURES
6 UNIT
1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25

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 UNIT 6 ADVENTURES
VOCABULARY

2. Match the words with their synonyms/ 5. Match the adjectives with the correct

A
alternatives. definition. Then, fill in the blanks with the
1. Amusing
correct adjective.
a. Dangerous
2. Challenging b. Develop
1. Amusing 4. Incredible
3. Safe: c. Difficult
2. Challenging 5. Mysterious
4. Dangerous: d. Entertaining
3. Fascinating 6. Safe
5. Exciting: e. Inexpensive
6. Scenery: f. Secure
7. Cheap g. Thrilling
a. Difficult, requiring physical or mental
8. Incredible h. Unbelievable effort
9. Strange i. View b. Enjoyable and entertaining
c. exciting wonder, curiosity, or surprise
10. Improve j. Weird
d. Extremely interesting or charming
e. impossible to believe, unbelievable
3. Match the questions with the answers f. not involving danger, harm, or loss

B
1. What kind of sports do you prefer doing?
2. What do you need to do ice climbing?
3. Do you think Jamie is an adrenalin seeker?
4. How long is the route in the jeep safari tour?
5. How much does it cost to do bungee jumping? 1. Grandma told an …………………………
story about my dad when he was little.
a. Crampons, helmet, a special axe (or ax), and ice screws.
We laughed at him for a long time.
b. I guess so. He always tries dangerous activities.
2. Paragliding is a ………………………… activity
c. I like challenging and risky sports.
and you must try hard to do it. I warn
d. It is very expensive; about €50 per person.
you; it is not so easy.
e. It takes about two hours.
3. I visited some ………………………… cities in
4. Circle the correct one. the Netherlands. They were very
1. Riding an elephant is more dangerous/safer than beautiful and I took a lot of pictures.
skydiving. 4. I don’t believe it! It is an …….…………………
2. What kind of adventurous/traditional food can we
story! How can a man lift an elephant
eat there?
3. New York City and Paris are two popular and carry it miles away?
destinations/equipment for parkour runners. 5. I can’t stand going into a dark and
4. I prefer underwater hockey/surfing because I like
………………………… cave alone. It sounds
team sports more.
5. Highlining/Scuba diving is a dangerous sport frightening.
because you may fall down and even die. 6. Is it ………………………… to try rafting? I
6. I prefer extreme sports because I love adrenalin.
It is entertaining/disappointing to me. can’t swim and I am scared to ride a
raft in the river.

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 VOCABULARY

ADVENTURES
6 UNIT
6. Fill in the blanks with the equipment below. 7. Match the halves.
Then, write the names of the extreme 1 I prefer underwater hockey to surfing
sports under the related pictures.
2 I think ice climbing is more

3 Kayak is a type of canoe that has

backpack goggles helmet
4 You need a helmet, elbow, and knee pads

5 Space radiation and lunar dust are

paddles parachute surfboard
6 Stuntmen perform scenes

7 I would rather ride a bike because

a. Jonathan is interested in air sports. His favorite
extreme sport is paragliding. He needs a …..………………, 8 What kind of equipment do
proper footwear, and flying suit to do that sport.
b. The UK Military Forces invented underwater hockey a a small opening in the top to sit in.
in the 1950s to train the divers in a swimming pool.
b are main risk factors for astronauts.
The players use diving equipment such as …..……………,
snorkel, and flippers. c because I like team sports more.
c. Alaçatı, Turkey is a great destination to do windsurfing.
It is a surface water sport that all surfers practice using d dangerous than scuba diving.
a ………………………. e instead of an actor in a film.
d. One of the most popular extreme sports is mountain
biking. It is a challenging and dangerous sport because f it is a healthy and safe nature sport.
the riders may have injuries. That’s why they must
wear safety equipment like gloves and a …………………….
g to do skateboarding.
e. Meredith and her brother come to Manavgat every h you need for ice climbing?
summer to attend rafting tours. They think using
………………………in the raft is difficult but entertaining. 8. Put the sentences into the correct order to
f. You must be athletic to do caving. Cavers have to make a dialogue.
climb up the hills and travel through tunnels or
passages. That’s why they can’t get a lot of equipment • Because it is challenging and fascinating.
with them. They carry a ………………………with some food,
water, and health kit. • Why do you prefer it?

1 2 3 • I prefer hang-gliding. I am crazy about extreme

sports. I like taking risks.

• Which sports do you prefer? Trekking or

............................ ............................ ............................

4 5 6
hang-gliding?

• Is that a team sport?

• That’s an individual sport.

............................ ............................ ............................
91
 UNIT 6 ADVENTURES
GRAMMAR

Expressing Preferences (Tercihleri Belirtme)

A. Prefer
Genel anlamda tercih edilen şeylerden bahsederken kullanılan
“prefer…to…” (tercih etmek) yapısının farklı kullanım şekilleri vardır:
1. Prefer something to something else
(Bir şeyi başka bir şeye tercih etmek)
İki nesne, spor, aktivite, yiyecek, içecek, kıyafet gibi konularda
birini diğerine tercih ettiğimizi belirtmek için bu yapı kullanılır.
“Prefer” fiilinden sonra bir isim gelebilir ve isme ek getirilmez:
* I prefer paragliding to skydiving.
(Yamaç paraşütünü skydiving sporuna tercih ederim.)
* I prefer team sports to individual sports.
(Takım sporlarını bireysel sporlara tercih ederim.)
2. Prefer doing something to doing something else
(Bir şey yapmayı başka bir şey yapmaya tercih etmek)
İki etkinlik, eylem veya spor arasından yapmayı tercih ettiğimizi
belirtmek için bu yapı kullanılır. “Prefer” fiilinden sonra tekrar bir
fiil gelebilir, ancak bu kez ikinci fiili isme dönüştürebilmek için
fiile “–ing” eki getirilir:
* I prefer doing snowboarding to climbing a hill.
(Snowboarding sporu yapmayı bir tepeye tırmanmaya tercih ederim.)
* I prefer drinking coffee to drinking tea.
(Kahve içmeyi çay içmeye tercih ederim.)
B. Would Rather
“Would rather…than…” (yeğlemek, tercih etmek)
yapısı belirli bir durumda ya da zaman diliminde (yazın,
işteyken, kış aylarında…vb.) tercih belirtirken kullanılır.
“Prefer” fiilinden farklı olarak “would rather” yapısı bir
isimle kullanılmaz. Sadece yalın halde olan bir fiil ile
kullanılır.
1. Would rather do something
(Bir şey yapmayı tercih etmek)
Spesifik bir durumda tercihimizi belirtirken kullanılır:
* I would rather go camping at weekends.
(Hafta sonları kampa gitmeyi tercih ederim.)
* I would rather go trekking in this season.
(Bu mevsimde doğa yürüyüşüne gitmeyi tercih ederim.)
2. Would rather do something than do something else
Tercih belirtirken “would rather” yapısı “than” ile
kullanılabilir. Fiil aynı olduğu takdirde “than” sonrasında
aynı fiilin tekrar kullanılmasına gerek yoktur:
* I would rather ride a bike than (ride) a motorcycle.
(Bisiklet sürmeyi, motosiklet sürmeye tercih ederim.)
* I would rather do risky sports than (do) safe sports.
(Riskli sporları yapmayı güvenli sporları yapmaya tercih ederim.)

Her iki yapı da birbirinin yerine kullanılabilir. Tercihlerimizi belirtirken hangi yapıyı kullanırsak kullanalım, ilk
belirttiğimiz-söylediğimiz aslında tercih ettiğimizdir:
• I prefer rafting to canoeing. (Raftingi kano sporuna tercih ederim; yani aslında rafting yapmak istiyorum.)
• I would rather go rafting than canoeing. (Raftingi kano sporuna yeğlerim; yani ben raftinge gitmeyi tercih ederim.)
Negatif cümlelerde ise durum tam tersinedir. Cümle sonunda belirttiğimiz esas istediğimizdir:
• I don’t prefer canoeing to rafting. (Kano sporunu raftinge tercih etmem; kanoyu tercih etmiyorum.)
• I would rather not go canoeing than rafting. (Kano sporuna gitmeyi raftinge gitmeye yeğlemem; yani kano
sporuna değil de raftinge gitmek istiyorum.)

C. Giving explanations and reasons (Açıklama ve Sebep Belirtme)

Tercihlerimizle ilgili açıklama veya sebep belirtirken “BECAUSE” yapısına ihtiyacımız vardır:
• I prefer going scuba-diving in the ocean because I love sea life.
(Tüplü dalışa gitmeyi tercih ederim çünkü deniz hayatını severim.)
• I prefer flying over Cappadocia to climbing a mountain because it is more exciting.
(Kapadokya üzerinde uçmayı dağa tırmanmaya tercih ederim çünkü daha heyecanlıdır.)
• I would rather watch the whales because it is so fascinating.
(Balinaları izlemeyi tercih ederim çünkü oldukça büyüleyicidir.)
• I would rather go rafting than (go) fishing because it is more amusing.
(Raftinge gitmeyi balık tutmaya tercih ederim çünkü daha eğlencelidir.)
• I prefer scuba diving to swimming because it is more entertaining.
(Tüplü dalış sporunu yüzmeye tercih ederim çünkü daha eğlencelidir.)

92
 GRAMMAR
ADVENTURES
9. Put the words into the correct order to make 11. Read the dialogues, and write the correct
sentences. names in the blanks.
1. prefer / I / to / cycling / canoeing /.
…………….....…………….....………………..........................….…
2. would / climb / rather / fly / than / I /.
…………….....…………….....………………..........................….…
3. to / I / hockey / prefer / underwater / surfing /.
…………….....…………….....………………..........................….…
4. because / going / is / I / it / kayaking /
adventurous / prefer /.
…………….....…………….....………………..........................….…
5. rather / sports / I / would / extreme / not / do /.
…………….....…………….....………………..........................….…
10. Fill in the blanks with “prefer” or “would
rather”.
1. I ………………. going camping at weekends
because it is entertaining.
2. Marry doesn’t ………………. caving because
she is afraid of the dark.
3. I ………………. ride a camel than ride an
elephant.
4. Boris ………………. not dance at parties.
5. Ryan wears a helmet because he
……………. dangerous sports.
6. Do you ………………. outdoor sports to
indoor sports?
6 UNIT
Charles: What extreme sports do you prefer doing?
Sandy: Well, I prefer kite surfing.
Charles: Why do you prefer it?
Sandy: Because I love the adrenalin while I do it.
Rachel: What’s your dream adventure?
Mike: What do you mean?
Rachel: Which extreme sport would you like to try?
Mike: Well, I would like to ride a motorbike. It’s
really entertaining to me.
Lisa: Which one do you prefer, outdoor or indoor
sports?
Adam: I don’t like indoor sports. I think they are
boring and easy.
Lisa: You prefer challenging sports, right?
Adam: Absolutely. I am crazy about base jumping.
It is an incredible activity.
1. ………………… would rather do outdoor sports.
2. ………………… prefers motor racing to cycling.
3. Sandy is fond of doing ………………… because she
thinks it is exciting.
4. Adam tells Lisa that base ………………… is a challenging
sport.
5. ………………… is an adrenalin lover because he loves
motor racing.
12. Read the dialogues again, True() or
False().
1. Adam doesn’t prefer boring indoor sports.
2. Rachel’s dream adventure is a winter sport.
3. Sandy is interested in team sports.
4. Lisa and Adam are talking about an
individual sport.
5. Charles would rather do kite surfing than
do safe sports.
93
 UNIT 6 ADVENTURES
GRAMMAR

Making Comparisons. İki kişi, nesne ya da özellikle spor etkinlikleri

arasında karşılaştırmalar yaparken sıfatların
comparative hali kullanılır. Karşılaştırmalar yaparken
(Karşılaştırmalar yapma) kullanılan sıfatları comparative haline getirirken
dikkat edilmesi gereken kuralları inceleyelim:

Adjective Comparative form

♦ Fast Faster ♦ Tek heceli sıfatlara -er eki getirilir.
♦ Tall Taller

■ Safe Safer ■ Sonu -e harfi ile biten sıfatlara sadece -r eklenir.

■ Close Closer
1
☐ Big Bigger ☐ Sıfatlar sessiz harf + sesli harf + sessiz harf şeklinde biterse
☐ Hot Hotter (vurguda bu hecede olmalı) sondaki sessiz harf tekrarlanarak
-er ile birlikte kullanılır.

than
★ Happy Happier ★ İki heceli olup son harfi sessiz harf ve -y ile bitiyorsa -y harfi
★ Lazy Lazier atılır ve yerine -ier getirilir.
Amusing More amusing Sıfatın iki veya daha fazla heceli olması durumunda kelimeye
2 Challenging More challenging ekleme yapılmaz ve önüne “daha” anlamına gelen more
Dangerous More dangerous getirilir.
Good Better
Bad Worse
Düzensiz sıfatlarda bu kurallar uygulanmaz ve comparative
3 Little Less
halleri tamamen farklı olur:
Many/much More
Far Farther/further
Comparative sıfatlardan sonra than kullanılır.
Negatif kıyaslamalarda sıfatın önüne less (daha az) getirilir.
Boşluk doldurma sorularında karşımıza çıkan than kelimesi bu cümlede comparative yapı olması gerektiğini bildirir.

★ I think extreme sports are more exciting than indoor sports.
(Ekstrem sporların salon sporlarından daha heyecan verici
olduğunu düşünüyorum.)
★ Taking photos of animals is safer than scuba diving.
(Hayvanların fotoğrafını çekmek tüplü dalıştan daha
güvenlidir.)
★ Flying in a hot-air balloon is easier than bungee jumping.
(Sıcak hava balonunda uçmak bungee jumping'den daha
kolaydır.)
★ Rafting is more entertaining than caving.
(Rafting, mağaracılık sporundan daha eğlencelidir.)
13. Fill in the blanks with the comparative form of the adjectives.
1. Outdoor sports are …………………. (popular) than indoor
sports.
2. Parkour running is …………………. (difficult) than jogging.
3. To me, water sports are …………………. (enjoyable) than
winter sports.
94
★ Going on a jeep safari is better than joining a motorcycle tour.
(Cip safarisine çıkmak, bir motosiklet turuna katılmaktan
daha iyidir.)
★ Climbing is worse than swimming.
(Tırmanmak yüzmekten daha kötüdür.)
★ I think bungee jumping is less dangerous and
challenging than canoeing.
(Bence Bungee jumping kano sporu yapmaktan daha
az tehlikeli ve zorlayıcıdır.)
★ Riding an elephant is less dangerous than climbing a mountain.
(Bir file binmek, dağa tırmanmaktan daha az tehlikelidir.)
4. I think highlining is …………………. (hard) and ………………….
(challenging) than any other sport.
5. Paragliding and skydiving are ……………. (crazy) than scuba diving.
6. Kayaking is less ……………. (entertaining) than rafting. I prefer
rafting.
 GRAMMAR

ADVENTURES
6 UNIT
14. The following pictures show the preferences of people. Look at them, and complete the
sentences.
Heli-skiing Snowboarding Jeep safari Caving Hang-gliding Canoeing

(3) (8) (3) (8) (3) (8)

1. Andrew prefers Heli-skiing to ………..…. 2. Amy doesn’t prefer ………................... 3. Martin would rather not …………………….

Climbing Kite-surfing Skydiving Rock climbing Windsurfing Skateboarding

(3) (8) (3) (8) (3) (8)

4. Lisa would rather try ................................. 5. Jason prefers …….....…. To …….....…. 6. Emily would rather practice ........ than ........

15. Read the dialogues, and fill in the blanks with the comparative form of the adjectives.
challenging / entertaining / fascinating / mysterious / risky / safe

A: Which one is 1 ………………., ice climbing or rock A: Do you like highlining?

climbing? B: No way! It is 4 …………………… than other sports. If
B: I think rock climbing is more dangerous than you don't balance well, you may fall.
the other one.

A: Jogging is a relaxing sport.

A: What do you think about rafting?
B: I agree with you. It is also 5 …………………… than
B: I love rafting because it is enjoyable. It is
extreme sports.
2
……………………. than canoeing and kayaking.

A: Do you practice any water sports?
B: I sometimes go scuba diving. It is
3
…………………… than any other sports because
you can explore the world under the water.
A: Would you like to try caving?
B: Why not? It is 6 …………………… than many
activities. The caves are interesting places. I think
visiting a dark and unknown place is thrilling.

16. Match the halves to make comparisons.

1. Susan is more hardworking a. braver than other people
2. Which one is more exciting, b. challenging than mountain biking
3. Indoor sports are less risky c. team sports or individual sports?
4. Motor racing is more d. than her classmates.
5. Adrenalin lovers are e. than outdoor sports
6. Coal mining riskier f. than teaching tennis.
95
 UNIT 6 ADVENTURES
GRAMMAR

17. Look at the table, and compare the sports.

Base jumping Riding an elephant Kayaking Kite surfing
What do you
think about
extreme
sports?
Boring ★ ★★★★ ★★★★ ★★★
Challenging ★★★★★ ★★ ★★★ ★★★★
Dangerous ★★★★★ ★ ★★ ★★★★
Entertaining ★★★★ ★★★ ★★ ★★★★★
Safe ★ ★★★★ ★★★★★ ★★

1. Base jumping is more dangerous than other sports.

2. Kite surfing is safer than riding an elephant.
3. Kayaking and riding an elephant are safer than base jumping.
4. Riding an elephant is more boring than the others.
5. Kite surfing is more entertaining than base jumping.
18. Look at the table again, and fill in the blanks.
1. Kayaking is more challenging than ……………………………… .
2. Riding an elephant is …………… dangerous than other sports.
3. Base jumping isn’t safer than ……………………………… .
4. Kite surfing is more dangerous than …………………… and ……………………………… .
5. Kayaking is less challenging than ……………………………… .
19. Read the information, look at the table and fill in the blanks with the correct names.
Extreme sports are becoming popular among teenagers. A lot of teens want to try a new sport because they love
the adrenaline. Some of these sports are risky and some are safe. Universal Extreme Sports Center published the
results of their recent survey about adventurous sports:
Paragliding Ice climbing Scuba diving Canoeing Trekking 1. …………… prefers parading to canoeing.
2. …………… would rather go trekking
Frank 3 8 3 3 8
than canoeing.
Isabel 3 3 8 8 8 3. …………… doesn’t prefer ice climbing
Victoria 8 3 3 8 8 and trekking.
Tom 8 8 3 8 3 4. …………… doesn’t prefer canoeing and
trekking to scuba diving.
Ann 3 8 8 3 3 5. …………… would rather not join water
Joe 8 3 8 3 3 sports.
20. Choose the correct answer.
1. Ann would rather not do ……………. than trekking a. paragliding b. ice climbing c. canoeing
2. Frank prefers paragliding, scuba diving, and ……………. a. canoeing b. ice climbing c. trekking
3. Isabel is fond of paragliding and ……………. a. scuba diving b. canoeing c. ice climbing
4. ……………. would rather try scuba diving and trekking. a. Tom b. Ann c. Joe
5. Victoria ……………. trekking to scuba diving. a. prefers b. would rather c. doesn’t prefer
6. Joe and Ann would rather go canoeing and ………….. a. ice climbing b. trekking c. paragliding
96
 READING
ADVENTURES
21. Read the speech bubble, and answer the
questions.
Hello! My name’s Vladimir Rostov. I am crazy about
water sports. I like team sports like rafting and
underwater hockey, but my favorite water sport is
canoeing. It is an individual sport. I prefer going
canoeing because I think it is more adventurous
and more amusing than the other sports. I highly
recommend this sport to teenagers. You can do it
with your friends or with your family. You should
be older than fourteen to practice this sport. The
canoeing sport is popular in Russia. We usually
register to one of the water sports clubs to join
weekend journeys. You can buy or rent the canoeing
equipment from the clubs. They are more expensive
if you buy them. The hiring prices for a canoe and
safety equipment are reasonable. You can hire
everything to join a canoeing tour for €10 a day.
1. Why does Vladimir prefer canoeing? Catherine: Well, I like skydiving and Heli-skiing.
…………………………....................………………………………..………
2. How much does it cost to do canoeing?
…………………………....................………………………………..………
3. How old should a person be to attend it?
…………………………....................………………………………..………
4. When and where does Vladimir practice canoeing?
…………………………....................………………………………..………
5. What kind of sports does Vladimir prefer?
…………………………....................………………………………..………
22. Which of the following does Vladimir
need to join a canoeing tour? Tick (4) the
correct ones.
1 2
4 5
6 UNIT
23. Read the dialogue, and answer the question.
Which sports do they like?
1. Jamie prefers …..…. 2. Catherine would rather go …..….
Jamie: What kind of sports do you prefer doing, Catherine?
Jamie: Really? I think they are risky and difficult sports.
Which one do you prefer the most?
Catherine: I think I prefer Heli-skiing to skydiving because
I like winter sports more. I feel incredible when I go down a
snowy hill. There is nothing more adventurous than skiing.
Jamie: What kind of sport is it?
Catherine: Well, it is an individual sport. It takes about one
hour to the top of a hill by helicopter. Then, you jump out
and start skiing at a speed of 100 km/h.
Jamie: That’s amazing! I don’t think I can do it. I prefer
safer and less challenging sports.
Catherine: What is your favorite sport?
Jamie: I like skateboarding and bungee jumping. They are
exciting and entertaining. Bungee jumping is a fantastic
activity. You jump from 30m high.
Catherine: isn’t it dangerous?
Jamie: Oh! No! There is safety equipment. Don’t worry!
3
Catherine: Nothing scares me, Jamie. I am an adrenaline lover.
24. Read the dialogue again, and tick (4) the
correct sentences.
1. Catherine and Jamie take necessary precautions
before they try extreme sports.
2. Catherine is afraid of challenging sports.
3. It is risky to go to the top of a hill by helicopter.
4. Jamie loves some adventurous sports and activities.
5. You shouldn’t try Heli-skiing if you are afraid of
dangerous sports.
97
 UNIT 6 ADVENTURES
READING

25. Read the speech bubbles, and match 26. Fill in the blanks according to the speech
them with the pictures. bubbles.
1 2 1. You need a two-sided paddle for …………………….
2. Maria prefers ……………………. sports to individual
sports.
3. Umut takes pictures when he performs
…………………….
4. Jake is interested in ……………………. Sports like
kayaking.
3 5. If you want to try caving, you should go to
…………………….
6. ……………………. is a good destination for
paragliding.

27. Read the text, look at the graph, and tick (4)
the correct sentences.
Maria
I am from Spain. I am interested in caving. In 1 Researchers surveyed the sports preferences of
teenagers in European countries. They asked questions
my opinion, caving is more mysterious and
adventurous than nature sports like trekking and about what kinds of sports they like to perform. The
jogging. It is a team sport, but you must also need chart below shows the results of this survey:
a training to start. The caves are full of danger and
Northern European
you must wear a helmet, comfortable footwear, and
gloves. You need a small cave pack. Don’t forget to Central European Countries
get a torch, some snacks, and water with you. Southern
Northern European
European Countries Counrties
Central European Countries Southern European Countries

40 45
35 30 35 35
15 15 15 20
5 10
Jake
I’m from Canada. There are many lakes and 2
Individual Sports Safe and Indoor Outdoor and Adventurous and
rivers in my hometown, so I love water sports. My Individual Safe and
Sports
Outdoor
Team Sports
Adventurous
Challenging
favorite sport is kayaking. It’s quite entertaining and Sports Indoor and Team and
Sports

challenging. It’s a sport of going down a river on a Sports Sports Challenging

special boat called “kayak”. You need a two-sided
paddle to do it. You should wear some safety clothes
such as a life jacket, a spray skirt, and a helmet. It is an
individual sport, so you must be good at swimming.
Umut
I live in Muğla but I usually come to Ölüdeniz at the 3 3. Teenagers in Central European countries prefer
weekends. I think am an adventure lover. I like all risky
and challenging sports. I would rather fly than climb.
Paragliding is a fascinating sport. We jump off a high
hill by using a parachute. I take pictures and have fun
during the fall because I fly with an instructor. I feel like
birds when I am up in the sky. Flight instruments like a
helmet and flight suits are necessary for paragliding.
98
Sports
1. Individual sports are more popular in Central
European countries.
2. Teens in Southern European countries would
rather do risky sports more than other countries.
safe sports to adventurous sports.
4. Nearly all European teenagers are keen on
indoor sports.
5. Team sports are more popular in Northern
European countries.
6. 5 in every 100 teenagers in Northern European
countries like individual sports.
 FUN PAGE

ADVENTURES
6 UNIT
28. Read the text “Sports Equipment Facts”, 29. Write the names of the equipment in
and match the sports with the related Exercise 28 under the pictures.
equipment.
?

Check out some interesting sports equipment

facts. Learn how big a soccer goal is, what is the
correct material to make tennis racket strings, 1 2
what clothing and equipment are not allowed to
use from pro sports, and much more:

• Swimsuit designers Speedo and NASA

created the “LZR Racer” for swimmers. At
the 2008 Olympics, 98% of medal-winners
3 4
in swimming wore the suits and they broke
23 world records.
• A soccer goal must be 7,32m wide by 2,44m tall.
• The basis for protective pads used in sports
such as football (soccer), ice hockey, field
hockey, lacrosse, and cricket, dates back to
ancient Greek and Roman times. 5 6
• Sports engineers use the intestines of sheep
or goats to make tennis strings because they
30. Which extreme sports would you like to try?
are soft and flexible.
Put a tick (4) for the ones you may like.
• In general, the proper ski length is
somewhere between your chin and the top of
your head. For example, a skier that is 180cm
tall will need skis between 170cm and 190cm.
Base jumping Parachuting
The exact right size for you will depend on
your skiing ability and style. Bungee-jumping Paragliding
• Kayak, rafting, and canoeing paddles' weight
Caving Rafting
range from 750gr to 1,8kg.
Hang gliding Rock climbing

Heli-skiing Scuba-diving

Highlining Skiing
1. Elbow/knee pads a. Badminton
2. Goal b. Handball Ice climbing Skydiving
3. Paddle c. Heli-skiing
Kite surfing Snowboarding
4. Racket d. Motor racing
5. Skis e. Rafting
6. Swimsuit f. Scuba diving

99
 UNIT 6 ADVENTURES
CONSOLIDATION

1. Read Henry’s speech bubble, and answer the question. 4. Read the information, and answer the question.

I went to Kaş, Turkey last summer. I tried an extraordinary sport.

It was a challenging but entertaining sport. the trainer wanted
me to use some equipment like goggles and flippers. I didn’t want
to do it at first, but I loved the world at the bottom of the sea. INTERNATIONAL
SPORTS FESTIVAL
Which of the following sports does Henry talk about?
Barcelona, 22nd - 25th MAY, 2022
a. Scuba diving c. Rafting 1st day – Bungee jumping
b. Windsurfing d. Bungee jumping 2nd day – Rock climbing
2. Look at the table, and answer the question. 3rd day – Kite surfing
4th day – Canoeing
Scuba Rock
Snowboarding Hang-gliding
diving climbing
Free accommodation & food
Carl Shuttle services from the city center for only $1
Equipment included
Amy

Pam €50
Lisa
Which of the following is INCORRECT according to
Which of the following questions does NOT have an
the table?
answer above?
a. Carl doesn’t prefer water and air sports.
a. How long is the festival?
b. Amy would rather climb than dive in the sea.
b. How much is the fee?
c. Pam and Amy prefer snowboarding to climbing.
c. Where will you stay?
d. Lisa would rather not do scuba diving and
d. Which sport can you try on the second day?
snowboarding.
3. Read the text, look at the table, and answer the
5. Read the speech bubbles, and answer the questions.
question.
Beyza Air sports are entertaining but safety is
60 important before you try them. You must check
40 your flight suit before you jump out of a plane.
20 Yes, that’s so easy. Then you can scroll the
Halil
0 mouse up and down the page and read.
Indoor Winter Nature Water
Gülfem I prefer easier and safer sports. I am not good
sports sports sports sports
at running and swimming.

Which of the following is CORRECT according to the I love snow and cold weather. I want to a ski resort
chart? and try a new extreme sport on semester holiday. Dilek

a. a. Teens in Antalya don’t prefer winter sports.
b. Water sports are very popular in Antalya.
c. Nature sports are more popular than water sports.
d. Teenagers would rather do indoor sports than
winter sports.
100
According to the speech bubbles, who would like to do
Heli-skiing?
a. Beyza c. Gülfem
b. Halil d. Dilek
CONSOLIDATION

ADVENTURES
6 UNIT
6. Read the text, and answer the question. Read the speech bubbles, and answer questions 9-10.
Rose and her brother are members of an extreme
sports club in Liverpool. They try a different sport every
month. They practiced hang-gliding last month. They are
watching a video about bungee jumping now because
Ashley: I am an adrenaline seeker. I love
they will jump for the first time in an hour. Next month,
skydiving, paragliding, and hang-gliding. I want
they will go to a ski resort to do snowboarding. I think
to try bungee jumping as soon as possible. I am
they have a great time at the club.
scared of water, so I never do water sports.
In this text, there is NO information about ………………… .
a. c.

Morgan: We usually go to Thailand in the

summers. You can try various extreme sports
there. My favorite is highlining. It is incredible
to walk from one point to the other on a rope.
b. d. I feel like I am flying over the clouds.

Stanley: I went to Turkey for my summer holiday

7. Read the dialogue, and answer the question. in August. First, I stayed in Alaçatı to practice
windsurfing. Then, I moved to Kaş to do scuba
Jim: …………………? diving. finally, I tried hot air balloon riding in
Larry: I am not sure…Hmm…Ice climbing! Cappadocia. It was an amazing experience.
Jim: Really? …………………?
Larry: That’s why it is full of adrenaline.
Jim: I am sure there is safety equipment to keep you
alive. …………………?
Larry: Not really. Trainers teach us what to do and they
always help us. They pay attention to our safety. It isn’t Riley: I like being in nature. We often go camping
a dangerous sport. Don’t worry! with my buddies. We do all duties together
Which of the following questions does Jim NOT ask Larry? and have fun. We sit around the campfire and
sing songs. I prefer camping and trekking to
a. Aren’t you afraid of falling down adventurous and risky activities. I think they are
b. What’s your craziest dream adventure dangerous. I am not into challenging sports.
c. Why do you wear a helmet
d. Isn’t it risky and challenging
9. According to the speech bubbles, Stanley …………….
8. Read the information, and answer the question.
Ümit and Gülden love extreme sports. They go to a
a. didn’t do windsurfing
different city to perform adventurous sports every year.
This year, they want to try a safe and relaxing activity b. doesn’t prefer adventurous sports
because their children Bilgesu and Rüzgâr will join c. would rather do safe sports
them. The map shows the alternative holiday types on d. is an adventure lover
a travel agent’s website:
1. Çanakkale(Windsurfing) 3. Isparta (Snowboarding)
2. Rize (Camping) 4. Artvin (Rafting)
10. Who doesn’t prefer water sports to air sports?
Which tour should they buy?
a. Ashley c. Stanley
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 b. Morgan d. Riley
101
 UNIT 7 TOURISM Watch the real-life video
to review the unit!
FUNCTIONS WARM UP
• Describing places • Where would you like to go on holiday? Why?
• Expressing preferences • What kind of activities do you like to do on
• Talking about experiences holiday?
• Making simple comparisons
• Exchanging information about tourism

Adjectives Tourist Geographical terms Location

ß Adventurous ß Antique Attractions ß Highland
ß Attractive ß Authentic ß City square ß Castle ß Peninsula
ß Average ß Charming ß Fountain ß Monument ß River
ß Cheap ß Different ß Mausoleum ß Cave ß Island
ß Enormous ß Expensive ß Historic site ß Clock tower ß Beach
ß Eye-catching ß Famous ß Monastery ß Museum ß Plateau
ß Waterway ß North/South
ß Fascinating ß Grand ß Bridge ß Temple ß Bosporus
ß Historic(al) ß Incredible ß Palace ß Mosque ß Countryside ß West/East
ß Magnificent ß Natural ß Tomb ß Shrine ß Lake ß Northeast
ß Recreational ß Relaxing ß Inscription ß Village house ß Mediterranean ß Northwest
ß Religious ß Remarkable ß Martyr’s ß Statue ß Ocean ß Southeast
ß Splendid ß Traditional memorial ß Mountain ß Southwest
ß Unbelievable ß Unforgettable ß Rock structure ß Terrestrial

Accommodation types Words about tourism

ß All-inclusive hotel ß Cave hotel ß Abroad ß Border
ß Bed & breakfast ß Motel ß Capital ß Climate
ß Boutique hotel ß Hut ß Cruise holiday ß Culture
ß Bungalow ß Tent ß Destination ß Gift/present
ß Dormitory ß Hostel ß Guide ß Heritage
ß Five-star hotel ß Mansion
ß Hospitality ß Landmark
ß Guesthouse ß Pension
ß Resort hotel ß Landscape ß Scenery
ß Village house ß Population ß Prophet
ß Full board ß Province ß Rural
ß Deluxe hotel ß Settlement ß Sightseeing
ß Half board ß Souvenir ß Tour guide
ß Three-star hotel ß Tram ß Urban
ß UNESCO ß UNICEF
ß Handcraft ß Spectator
ß Have you ever flown on a plane? ß Trade route ß Countryside
ß Have you ever been abroad? Talking about ß Tourist attraction
ß Have you ever seen a historic site? experiences ß Transportation
ß Have you ever visited a museum?
ß Have you ever joined a jeep safari? Have your ever...?
ß Have you ever gone on a cruise (Present Perfect Tense) ß Yes, I have.
holiday? ß A few times.
ß Have you ever stayed at a five-star ß Yes, many times.
holiday? ß No, I haven’t.
ß Have you ever seen the Pyramids? Questions Answers ß No, never.
ß Have you ever eaten Indian food? ß Never in my life.

102

WORDLIST
1. Abroad: Yurt dışı
2. Advertisement: Reklam
3. Antique: Antika
4. Artificial: Suni, yapay
5. Beauty: Güzellik
6. Belief: İnanç
7. Border: Sınır
8. Bosporus: İstanbul boğazı
9. Charming: Çekici
10. City square: Şehir meydanı
11. City-sightseeing: Çevre gezisi
12. Clock tower: Saat kulesi
13. Crossroad: Kavşak
14. Customs: Gelenekler
15. Depart: Yola çıkmak
16. Diversity/variety: Çeşitlilik
17. Dormitory: Yatakhane, yurt
18. Emperor: İmparator
19. Fame: Ün, şöhret
20. Fortune: Talih, servet
21. Fountain: Çeşme, fıskiye
22. Guesthouse: Misafirhane
23. Heritage: Miras
24. Highland: Dağlık bölge, yayla
25. Hospitality: Misafirperverlik
26. Magnificent: Muhteşem
27. Mansion: Konak, köşk
28. Martyr’s memorial: Şehitlik anıtı
29. Mausoleum: Mozole
30. Mediterranean: Akdeniz
31. Migration: Göç
32. Monument: Abide, anıt
33. Natural port: Doğal liman
34. Peninsula: Yarımada
35. Prophet: Peygamber
36. Province: Vilayet, il
37. Remarkable: Dikkat çekici
38. Rural: Kırsal
39. Settlement: Yerleşim
40. Shrine: Türbe
41. Souvenir: Hediyelik eşya
42. Splendid: Muhteşem
43. Terrestrial: Karasal
44. Tomb: Mezar
45. Tour guide: Tur rehberi
46. Tourist destination: Turistik yer
47. Trade route: Ticaret yolu
48. Unbelievable: İnanılmaz
49. Unforgettable: Unutulmaz
50. Urban: Şehirsel, şehre ait
TOURISM
COMMON WORDS
1. Accommodation: Konaklama
2. All-inclusive resort: Her
şey dahil otel
3. Ancient: Eski, antik
4. Architecture: Mimari
5. Area: Alan
6. Attractive: Çekici
7. Authentic: Otantik
8. Bridge: Köprü
9. Capital: Başkent
10. Castle: Kale
11. Climate: İklim
12. Construct: İnşa etmek
13. Countryside: Kırsal kesim
14. Cruise vacation: Gemi tatili
15. Cultural: Kültürel
16. Destination: Varış yeri
17. Exchange: Değiştirmek
18. Exciting: Heyecanlı
19. Exotic: Egzotik
20. Eye-catching: Göz alıcı
21. Famous for: Bir şeyiyle
ünlü olmak
22. Fascinating: Büyüleyici
23. Guess: Tahmin etmek
24. Historic sites: Tarihi yerler
25. Historical: Tarihi
26. Hostel: Pansiyon
27. Incredible: İnanılmaz
28. Island: Ada
29. Lake: Göl
30. Landmark: Kentin simgesi
31. Landscape: Manzara, peyzaj
32. Mosque: Cami
33. Mountain: Dağ
34. Palace: Saray
35. Pension: Pansiyon
36. Pleasure: Zevk
37. Population: Nüfus
38. Preserve: Korumak
39. Price: Fiyat
40. Recreational: Eğlenceli
41. River: Nehir
42. Sightseeing: Çevre gezisi
43. Square: Meydan
44. Structure: Yapı
45. Temple: Tapınak
46. Tourist attractions: Turist
cazibe merkezleri
47. Transportation: Ulaşım
48. Vacation: Tatil
49. Wildlife: Vahşi yaşam
50. World Heritage List:
Dünya Miras Listesi
7 UNIT
COMMON CRITICAL EXPRESSIONS
• Bed and breakfast pensions are common.:
Konaklama ve kahvaltı dahil pansiyonlar
yaygındır.
• Have you ever been abroad?: Hiç yurt
dışında bulundun mu?
• How long did you stay there?: Orada ne
kadar kaldın?
• I ain’t gonna lose.: Ben kaybetmeyeceğim.
• I have been to Side before.: Daha önce
Side’de bulundum.
• I have never been to Mardin.: Hiçbir zaman
Mardin’de bulunmadım.
• I have never seen such a splendid place.:
Böyle muhteşem bir yer görmemiştim.
• I think it’s a magnificent city.: Bence
fevkalade bir şehir.
• I think / believe / suppose it is exciting.:
Bence / inanıyorum ki / farz ediyorum ki
heyecan verici.
• I’d love to see the historic sites there.:
Orada tarihi yerleri görmek istiyorum.
• It is one of the best places for me to relax
and refresh.: Orası dinlenmek ve ferahlamak
için benim için en iyi yerlerden biri.
• It is worth seeing.: Görmeye değer.
• The scenery was incredible, wonderful.:
Manzara inanılmazdı, harikaydı.
• It’s easy to find accommodation for every
budget.: Her bütçeye uygun konaklama
imkânı bulmak kolaydır.
• It’s truly an ancient city.: Gerçekten tarihi bir yer.
• Its authentic architecture is more
charming.: Otantik mimarisi daha çekicidir.
• Let’s discover the city of living history!:
Hadi yaşayan tarihi şehri keşfedelim!
• There are different means of
transportation.: Farklı ulaşım imkanları var.
• What are the special / traditional dishes?:
Özel / Geleneksel yemekleri neler?
• What are the tourist attractions?: Turist
cazibe merkezleri neler?
• What can you taste in Konya?: Konya’da ne
tadabiliriz, yiyebiliriz?
• What do you think about Rome?: Roma
hakkında ne düşünüyorsun?
• What type of holiday / vacation do you
prefer?: Ne tür tatili tercih edersin?
• What’s the best time to visit there?: Orayı
ziyaret etmek için en iyi zaman nedir?
• What’s the climate like?: İklimi nasıl?
• What’s the population of the city?: Şehrin
nüfusu ne kadardır?
• What’s your favorite tourist destination?:
Senin en sevdiğin turistik yer neresi?
• Where have you been to in Turkey?:
Türkiye’de nerelerde bulundun?
103
 UNIT 7 TOURISM
VOCABULARY

1. Match the words with the correct pictures.

a. Bridge e. Island i. Palace m. Temple

b. Castle f. Journey j. Rock structure n. Tomb
c. Cruise vacation g. Monument k. Souvenir o. Tower
d. Fountain h. Mosque l. Square p. Village

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 1O 11 12

13 14 15 16

104
 VOCABULARY

TOURISM
7 UNIT
2. Fill in the blanks with the correct words. 3. Read the speech bubbles, and write the
correct names under the pictures.
Religious Fascinating
Linda I would rather stay at an all-inclusive hotel. There
are three pools, a Turkish bath, a few cafes, and
Ca pita l four restaurants in my favorite deluxe hotel.
Historic
Fa mous In my opinion, the winter holiday is the best. You
Emily
Destinations can play snowball and have fun. You can even
ski or try snowboarding on such a great holiday.

John I would like to go abroad. Paris, Amsterdam, Berlin,

and Lisbon are my favorite tourist destinations.

I prefer going on a cultural holiday to

going on a seaside holiday. It is fun to visit Patrick
1. I prefer urban places museums and historical sites.
because they are …………………. Brad I am fond of a nature holiday. I usually go to
2. Çanakkale is …………………. for Adrasan; Turkey and I stay in a tent. We go hiking
in the forest.
its battle areas and the
wooden Trojan horse.
3. Antalya is one of the best
tourist …………………. In Turkey.
4. İstanbul is a big city with a lot
of …………………. sites. You can 1. ..................... 2. ..................... 3. .....................
see the ruins everywhere.
5. Konya is in the Central
Anatolia Region. There are a
lot of …………………. structures
like mosques and shrines.
4. ..................... 5. .....................
6. Ankara is the ………………….
4. Match the words with their synonyms/
city of the Turkish Republic.
alternatives.
You can visit Atatürk’s 1. Ancient a. Amusement
Mausoleum, Mogan Lake, and 2. Beach b. Build
3. Construct c. Country
the parliament building. 4. Rural d. Gift
5. Recreation e. Hill
6. Vacation f. Holiday
7. Journey g. Landscape
8. Highland h. Old
9. Scenery i. Shore
10. Souvenir j. Travel
105
 UNIT 7 TOURISM
VOCABULARY

5. Put the words into the correct order to 7. Look at the words about tourism, and write
make sentences. them into the correct box.
1. Göktürks / back / Inscriptions / Orkhon / to / date /
Accommodation Geographical term
the /.

2. are / city / lots / incredible / of / in / buildings / this /

There /.

Transportation Location
3. on / the / tropical / The / popular / of / Seychelles /
east / islands / coast / are / Africa /.

4. Portugal / city / is / capital / the / Lisbon / of /.

Cuisine Capital city

5. it’s / The / warm / in / is / tropical / so / Hawaii /

climate / always /.

6. abroad / been / you / Have / ever /? Climate Tourist attraction

6. Match the questions with the answers.

1. Have you ever gone on a cruise holiday?
2. How was your trip?
1. Black Sea Region 17. Peninsula
3. What do you think about New York? 2. Bridge 18. Plane
4. What is Paris famous for? 3. Brownie 19. Shrine
5. What are the tourist attractions in Antalya? 4. Castle 20. South
6. When should I visit Berlin? 5. Central 21. Sushi
6. Cruise 22. Terrestrial
a. Aspendos amphitheater, Phaselis, the Old Town
7. Ferry 23. Tex-Mex
are some of them. 8. Fountain 24. The Pizza Tower
b. I think spring is the best time to go there. 9. Highland 25. The pyramids
c. It is famous for the Eiffel Tower. 10. Island 26. The Statue of Liberty
d. It is truly a modern city. There are skyscrapers 11. Lake 27. Tokyo
12. London 28. Tram
everywhere. 13. Mediterranean 29. Tropical
e. It was incredible. It took about two hours. 14. Mild 30. Turkish delight
f. No, never. I am scared of the sea. 15. Moscow 31. Washington D.C.
16. Northwest 32. The Great Wall of China
106
 VOCABULARY

TOURISM
7 UNIT
8. Listen, and complete the dialogue with the 9. Read the dialogue again, and match the
phrases below. definitions with the words.
1. Accommodation a. A glass container for sea animals
interesting
beach holiday 2. Aquarium b. A room or a building in to stay
structures
3. Incredible c. Impossible to believe
4. Recommend d. The activity of visiting places
more expensive It was freezing
5. Sightseeing e. To make a suggestion

What type of 10. Look at the tourist attractions in Antalya,

vacations and write their names.

1 2

Nina: What will you do on holiday?

Kevin: I am not sure. Do you have any ideas?
Nina: 1 …………………………………………. do you prefer?
Kevin: I think I prefer city sightseeing because I like
visiting new places.
Nina: Where did you go last year?
Kevin: I went to Rotterdam. It was an incredible city with
lots of 2 …………………………………………. It was fun to stay on
3 4
a boat. It was 3 …………………………………………. than a
five-star hotel.
Nina: A boat? Cool! How was the weather?
Kevin: 4 …………………………………………. and snowy because
I traveled there in January.
Nina: I am sorry to hear that. What about the activities?
Kevin: The city tour by sightseeing bus was charming.
We also took a short boat trip.
Nina: Wow! What about going on a 5 5 6
………………………………. this year?
Kevin: It sounds fascinating and crazy. I guess there
are many alternative accommodation types such
as bungalows, boutique hotels, and resort hotels in
Antalya, Turkey.
Nina: I love Turkey. The people are very friendly. The
weather is hot and sunny. There are many attractions.
You can visit the biggest aquarium in Europe. You
should see the ancient Aspendos amphitheater, the Old 7 8
Town, and Düden Waterfall. Also, I highly recommend
you to join the cable car tour. I wish I could join you. I
hope you will have a wonderful time there.
Kevin: Thanks, Nina. I can bring you baklava when I get
back.

107
 UNIT 7 TOURISM
GRAMMAR

Describing Places (Yerleri tarif etme)

Şehirler, turistik mekânlar veya ören yerleriyle ilgili bilgi alırken, bu yerleri tarif ederken, düşüncelerimizi veya
tavsiyelerimizi aktarırken kullanabileceğimiz bazı ifadeleri hatırlayalım:
A: What do you think about Rome? A: Which city do you prefer visiting?
(Roma hakkında ne düşünüyorsun?) (Hangi şehri ziyaret etmeyi tercih edersin?)
B: It’s truly an ancient city and the weather was perfect. B: My favorite destination is Mostar. / I prefer visiting London.
(Gerçekten tarihi bir şehir ve hava çok güzeldi.) (En sevdiğim istikamet Mostar şehridir. / Londra’yı
ziyaret etmeyi tercih ederim.)
A: Did you enjoy your trip? (Geziden hoşlandın mı?)
B: It was incredible. (İnanılmazdı.) A: Have you ever visited an island?
(Daha önce hiçbir adayı ziyaret ettin mi?)
A: What is Şanlıurfa famous for? B: Yes, I have – Many times. /No, never.
(Şanlıurfa neyi ile meşhurdur?) (Evet. /Pek çok kez. /Hayır, hiç.)
B: It is famous for its stories about the prophets. C: Yes, I went to Bozcaada last year. The sea and the
(Peygamber hikâyeleriyle ünlüdür.) beach were amazing in “Ayazma”.
(Evet, geçen sene Bozcaada’ya gittim. Ayazma’da
A: Which places can you visit in this city? deniz ve sahil harikaydı.)
(Bu şehirde nereleri gezebilirsin?)
B: You can go to the square and see the ceremony. A: Where is Antalya? (Antalya nerededir?)
(Şehir meydanına gidebilir ve töreni izleyebilirsin.) B: It is in the south of Turkey. (Türkiye’nin güneyindedir.)

11. Listen to the text, and fill in the blanks.

I'm going to give information about two 1 ………………. The first one is the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt. It is an
incredible 2 ………………. for the kings of the ancient Egyptians. They built it about 5000 years ago. It is in the
3
………………. parts of Cairo, the capital city of Egypt. This amazing monument is popular all over the world. Millions
of tourists go visit Giza every year. It is one of the seven wonders of the world. You can go there in spring because
the 4 ………………. is mild. The second one is an urban city; London. It is in the 5 ………………. of England. London is one
of the most popular touristic places in the world. There are many attractions for tourists. You can visit Westminster
Abbey and Camden Town. The Tower of London and the London Eye are the 6 ………………. of the city. Don’t leave
the city before you take a walk around Hyde Park. The hotels are expensive, so bed and breakfast hotels are
better for visitors. London is usually rainy and cool. The best time to visit London is in Spring.

12. Listen to the text again, and tick True() or False().

1. January is the best month to visit London.

2. The Tower of London is a well-known structure.
3. The Great Pyramid of Giza is in the southeast of Egypt.
4. There are many attractions in Cairo.
5. Giza is in the countryside.
6. Cairo and London are tourist destinations.
13. Imagine that you are going on a holiday. Which of these two destinations would you like to
visit? Why?
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
108
 GRAMMAR

TOURISM
7 UNIT
Expressing Preferences (Tercihleri İfade Etme)
‘Would rather…than’ kalıbı daha önce gördüğümüz ‘prefer…to’ gibi tercihlerimizden bahsederken kullanılır. Bu ünitede daha
çok tatil tercihleri ve turizm konusuyla ilgili seçimleri ifade ederken kullanılan cümle kalıpları bulunmaktadır:
A: Which one do you prefer, winter holiday or beach holiday? A: I won a short trip to Paris for two people from the
(Hangisini tercih edersin, kış tatilini mi yoksa deniz kıyısında lottery. Would you like to join me?
bir tatili mi?) (Piyangodan Paris’e iki kişilik kısa bir seyahat
B: I prefer the winter holiday because I love practicing winter kazandım. Bana katılmak ister misin?)
sports. B: I would like to, but I am scared of traveling by plane.
(Kış tatilini tercih ederim çünkü kış sporlarını yapmayı severim.) (İsterdim, ancak uçakla seyahat etmekten korkuyorum.)

A: Which one is more adventurous to you, cruise vacation or A: Excuse me, how can I go to the city square?
safari? (Affedersiniz, şehir meydanına nasıl gidebilirim?)
(Sana göre hangisi daha maceralıdır, gemi tatili mi safari mi? B: You can go there by bus or tram. I prefer traveling
B: I think cruise vacation is more exciting because you spend by tram because it is faster and cheaper.
a week on the ocean. (Oraya otobüsle ya da tramvayla gidebilirsiniz. Ben
(Bence gemi tatili daha heyecanlı heyecanlıdır çünkü bir tramvayla gitmeyi tercih ederim çünkü daha hızlı ve
haftayı okyanusta geçiriyorsun.) ucuz.)

A: Would you rather stay at an all-inclusive hotel than a bed A: Which tourist destination do you prefer, New York or
and breakfast hotel? Tanzania?
(Her şey dahil otelde kalmayı oda kahvaltı otelde kalmaya (Hangi turistik yeri tercih edersin, New York mu
yeğler misin/tercih eder misin?) yoksa Tanzanya mı?)
B: I would rather (not) stay at an all-inclusive hotel than a bed B: I would rather go to New York because I like modern
and breakfast hotel. places.
(Her şey dahil otelde kalmayı oda kahvaltı otelde kalmaya (New York’a gitmeyi yeğlerim/tercih ederim çünkü
tercih ederim/tercih etmem.) modern yerleri severim.)
14. Read the dialogue, and answer the questions.
Lisa: What type of vacations do you prefer? 1. Where did Frank go on holiday?
Frank: I think I prefer city sightseeing because I like cultural diversity. I
went to Budapest and it was an amazing vacation. ......………………..………………………......................…
Lisa: Really? Did you enjoy your trip?
Frank: It was incredible. It’s truly an ancient city. There are historic 2. What’s in goulash soup, meat or fish?
buildings everywhere. I visited a few religious structures, the
parliament building, and Buda Castle. It is one of the landmarks of the ......………………..………………………......................…
city. I loved the boat tour on Duna River. It is a living city with so many 3. What is one of the landmarks in Budapest?
attractions.
Lisa: Where did you stay there? ......………………..………………………......................…
Frank: I stayed at an apartment hotel because it was cheaper. There
was a kitchen in the apartment. I would rather prepare breakfast and 4. Does Frank prefer expensive hotels?
lunch on my own.
Lisa: Did you try any traditional and local food? ......………………..………………………......................…
Frank: I tried goulash soup, but I didn’t like it. I prefer seafood to meat.
Lisa: How much did you spend? 5. Why does Henry prefer city sightseeing?
Frank: Well, I stayed there for a week and I paid €300.
Lisa: What is the best time to go there? ......………………..………………………......................…
Frank: I traveled there in August. The weather was perfect. It was 6. What type of vacations do you prefer?
warm and sunny. Highly recommend you go there and watch the
scenery from the Citadella. ......………………..………………………......................…
109
 UNIT 7 TOURISM
GRAMMAR

Talking About Experiences (Tecrübeler Hakkında Konuşma)

(Present Perfect Tense)
Present Perfect Tense yapısını geçmişte başlayıp hala devam eden durumlardan veya geçmişte bitmiş ancak etkisi devam eden olaylardan
bahsederken kullanırız. Ancak ders kitaplarında sadece daha önce bir işin yapılıp yapılmadığı kısmı üzerinde durulmuştur. Özellikle “Sen
daha önce hiç _ _ _ yaptın mı? Şuraya daha önce hiç gittin mi?” ve benzeri sorular ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Turizm ünitesinde özellikle tatildeki
tecrübelerden, hayat boyu yapılan ya da hiç denenmemiş aktivitelerden bahsederken kullanılan Present Perfect Tense yapısının Türkçe’de
tam karşılığı bulunmamaktadır. Bu sebeple yapısal olarak ne olduğunu ve cümlenin ne anlama geldiğini bilmek yeterli olacaktır.

Bu zamanda ‘have/has + fiilin 3. halini’ kullanırız. Düzensiz fiillerin hepsini ezberlemek yerine sadece kitapta belirli kalıplarda geçen turizm
ünitesiyle ilgili kelimelerin 3. hallerine, sadece karşımıza çıkan cümlenin anlamını bilmek amacıyla çalışılması yeterli olacaktır.

Positive Form (Olumlu Hali) Negative Form (Olumsuz Hali) Question Form (Soru Hali)
I I I
You You you
have been to Paris. haven’t been to Paris. Have been to Paris?
We We we
They They they
He He he visited
has visited Thailand hasn’t visited Thailand
She She Has she Thailand
before. before.
It It it before?

• A: Have you ever visited an island? • Has he ever attended a safari tour?
(Daha önce hiç, bir adayı ziyaret ettin mi?) (Sen hiç safariye katıldı mı?)
B: No, I haven’t / No, never. (Hayır / Hiç.) • Has Jimmy ever gone on a cruise?
• A: Have you ever been abroad? (Jimmy hiç gemiyle seyahat etti mi?)
(Hiç yurtdışında bulundun mu?) • I have seen Mevlâna Museum in Konya.
B: Yes, I have. I have visited eight countries so far. (Konya’da Mevlâna Müzesini gördüm.)
(Evet. Şu ana kadar sekiz ülkeyi ziyaret ettim.) • I have tried varieties of kebab in Şanlıurfa.
• Have they ever ridden an elephant? (Şanlıurfa’da çeşitli kebapları denedim.)
(Onlar hiç file bindiler mi?)
16. Choose the best option.
1. Kim has/have never seen a kangaroo.
15. Complete the sentences with the correct 2. My father has cooked/visited tomato soup for us.
form of the verbs. 3. Have you ever/never ridden an elephant?
4. İstanbul is the most beautiful city I have ever seen/tried.
1. I ................ (try) meatballs, piyaz, and pumpkin dessert in 5. Where have you been/done? We finished the exam ten
Antalya. They were delicious. minutes ago.
2. I ................ (visit) historic sites such as Troy, Gallipoli 6. A: Where is Estell? B: She has/have gone to Mexico City.
Peninsula, and Kilitbahir Castle in Çanakkale. 7. A: Shall we eat sushi? B: Why not? I have never
3. A: ................ you ever ................ (be) to Cuba? ate/eaten before.
B: No, but I want to go there one day. 8. Jack loves traveling. He has visits/visited more than 20
4. I love extreme sports. I ................ (do) bungee jumping, countries.
paragliding, and caving before. I want to try more 17. Complete the table with the correct form
next year. of the verbs.
5. I ................ (plan/not) my vacation yet. I am still searching Present (V1) Past (V2) P. Participle (V3)
on the Net. 1 Be
6. Jamie ................ (come/not) back from Madrid. He is still there. 2 Done
7. What ................ you ................ (do)? I bought it two 3 Have
hours ago. 4 Ate
8. A: Will you go to Greece? 5 Drink
B: No. I ................ (be) there before. I want to visit new 6 See
places. 7 Ridden
110 8 Make
 GRAMMAR

TOURISM
7 UNIT
Making Comparisons with Superlative Adjectives (Karşılaştırmalar Yapma)
İkiden fazla şeyi karşılaştırdığımızda bir şeyin en büyük, en pahalı, en ilginç ve benzeri durumunu anlatmak için
üstünlük belirten sıfatlar kullanılır. Önceki ünitede anlatılan karşılaştırma konusunun devamı olan Superlative
Adjectives, özellikle turistik bir yerde en pahalı oteli, en güzel yemeği, ya da görülen en güzel manzarayı anlatırken
ihtiyaç duyulan bir anlatım biçimidir. Tabloda belirtildiği gibi sıfatların yapısına göre değişirler:
Adjective Comparative form Superlative form
♦ Cheap Cheaper The cheapest ♦ Tek heceli sıfatlara -est eki getirilir.

■ Safe Safer The safest ■ Sonu -e harfi ile biten sıfatlara sadece -st eklenir.
■ Close Closer The closest

1 ☐ Big Bigger The biggest ☐ Sıfatlar sessiz harf + sesli harf + sessiz harf
☐ Hot Hotter The hottest şeklinde biterse (vurguda bu hecede olmalı) sondaki
sessiz harf tekrarlanarak -est ile birlikte kullanılır.

★ Happy Happier The happiest ★ İki heceli olup son harfi sessiz harf ve -y ile
★ Lazy Lazier The laziest bitiyorsa -y harf atılır ve yerine -iest getirilir.
Amusing More amusing The most amusing Sıfatın iki veya daha fazla heceli olması durumunda
2 Expensive More expensive The most expensive önüne “en çok” anlamına gelen the most getirilir.
Good Better The best
Bad Worse The worst Düzensiz sıfatlarda bu kurallar uygulanmaz ve
3 Little Less The least superlative halleri tamamen farklı olur:
Many/much More The most
Far Farther/further The farthest/furthest
18. Fill in the
Comparative blanks sonra
sıfatlardan with “than”
the superlative form ofsıfatlardan
kullanılır. Superlative the adjectives.
önce “the” kullanılır.
18. Fill in the blanks with the superlative form of the adjectives.
1. The Sahara Desert is the ……………………………... place on Earth. (hot)
2. China is the ……………………………... country in the world. (crowded)
3. I love this building. It is the ……………………………... structure in Barcelona. (interesting)
4. Göbeklitepe is one of the ……………………………... historic sites in Turkey. (old)
5. Let’s rent a bike. It is the ……………………………... way of transportation. (cheap)
19. Rüzgâr lives in Antalya. He wants to choose a proper place for his holiday. He is looking at
a website about his favorite destinations. Look at the tables, and complete the sentences.

Moscow, The Russian Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Bangkok, Thailand
Federation Accommodation: Boutique
Accommodation: All-Inclusive
Accommodation: Bed and Hotel (€120)
Hotel (€220)
Breakfast Hotel (€90) Transportation: Plane (€75)
Transportation: Plane (€400)
Transportation: Plane (€110) Attractions: Madam
Attractions: Phuket Island,
Attractions: Red Square, Tussaud’s, Van Gogh
Patong Beach
Kremlin Palace Museums
The Climate: Tropical
The Climate: Tropical The Climate: Moderate
(24-32°C)
(02-9°C) maritime (or oceanic) (10-22°C)

1. Moscow is the ……………………………... city of all. The average is less than 10°C.
2. Traveling to Bangkok is ……………………………... than flying to Moscow. It is €400. Wow!
3. Of all the cities, accommodation is the ……………………………... in Moscow.
4. Bangkok is in a tropical country, so it is ……………………………... than Moscow and Rotterdam.
5. The hotel in Rotterdam is ……………………………... than the hotel in Bangkok. 111
 UNIT 7 TOURISM
READING

20. Listen, and read the information. Then, 21. Listen to the text again, and decide if the
answer the questions. following statements are True() or
Ahmad is from Malaysia. He works as a tourist guide in False().
Kuala Lumpur. He believes that the capital city of Malaysia
is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. He shares
some information about the city:
1. It is difficult to use public transport in
Kuala Lumpur is the capital and the largest city of Malaysia.
Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur is the cultural, financial, and 2. Kuala Lumpur is a popular tourist
economic center of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur is one of the
destination.
leading cities in the world for tourism and shopping. It
was the 6th most-visited city in the world in 2019. Malaysia 3. Malaysia is in the southwest of Asia.
is in the southeast of Asia, and it has a tropical climate. 4. You can taste Chinese food in Kuala
Transportation is very easy because there are buses,
Lumpur.
trains, trams, sightseeing tour buses in all directions. Buy
a 24-hour free ticket to use all kinds of public transport. 5. The Merdeka Square is the leading city in
Tourism plays an important role in the city's economy. Malaysia.
Many large worldwide hotel chains have a presence in
the city. One of the oldest hotels is the Hotel Majestic. 6. Tourism is important for the Malaysian
The major tourist destinations in Kuala Lumpur include the economy.
Petronas Twin Towers, the Bukit Bintang shopping district,
the Kuala Lumpur Tower, Petaling Street (Chinatown), the 22. Match the pictures with the correct tourist
Merdeka Square, the Kuala Lumpur railway station, the destinations.
House of Parliament building, and the National Palace
(Istana Negara). You can try some delicious food from the 1
ethnic groups of Malaysia, including Indian, Chinese, and a. Petronas Twin
Malay cuisine all under one roof. Towers

b. Bukit Bintang
1. What is the capital city of Malaysia?

…………………………………………………………………………..… 3
2. Is Kuala Lumpur a rural area?
c. Petaling Street
…………………………………………………………………………..…
4
3. How can you travel in Kuala Lumpur?

…………………………………………………………………………..…
d. Merdeka Square
4. What is the name of the most famous hotel in the city?
5
…………………………………………………………………………..…

5. What are the tourist attractions in the capital city?

e. Istana Negara
…………………………………………………………………………..…

112
 READING

TOURISM
7 UNIT
23. Read the information on the brochures, and fill in the blanks.
Chicago is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois, and the third most populous city in the United States,
following New York City and Los Angeles. Nearly 60 million tourists visit the city every year. Landmarks in the city
include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, the Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis
(Sears) Tower, Grant Park, the Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. It is possible to walk in the
streets with shorts and slippers because the average temperature in the summer is 25°C. There are hundreds of
famous restaurants and cafes in the city. They usually serve international fast food. You can taste deep-dish pizza
on every street. Chicago is famous for its artists and interesting buildings. There are many skyscrapers, modern
buildings, and art galleries in every part of the city. If you want to enjoy the view of the city of Chicago, then you
should go up to the top of Willis Tower. You will love the scenery from the “Skydeck” on the 103rd floor. Are you
looking for more? Then, check the offers below:
Things to do in Chicago:

ENTRY TICKET WATER ACTIVITY ENTRY TICKET

Entry ticket Water activity Cultural Tour
Chicago: Navy Pier Centennial Wheel Chicago River: 1,5-hour Guided Chicago: Field Museum of Natural
Regular & Express ticket Architecture Cruise History VIP Tour
Duration: 15 mins Duration: 1,5 hours Duration: 2 hours

★ ★ ★ ★★ 4,5 (393 views) ★★★★ 4,8 (614 views) ★★★★ 4,2 (137 views)
From $45 per person From $105 per person From $30 per person
Free cancellation Free cancellation Free cancellation

1. Chicago is in the state of …………………………

2. A ……………………… is a very tall building with more than 100 floors.
3. The second offer is the most ……………………. tour. It is more than $100.
4. The guided river tour takes ……………………. than an hour. More
5. You can taste ……………………. in Chicago.
6. Willis ……………………. is one of the landmarks in the city.
24. In this text, there is NO information about ………… .

a b c d
25. Read the text again, and match the highlighted words with the correct definition.
1. Populous a. having a widespread reputation, renowned
2. Landmark b. a building or other place that serves as a guide
3. Temperature c. crowded with people
4. Famous d. the general appearance of a place, landscape
5. Skyscraper e. a tall building of many stories
6. Scenery f. a measure of the warmth or coldness 113
 UNIT 7 TOURISM
READING

26. Read the information on the brochure,
and answer the questions.
Have you ever been to İstanbul? When did you go?
TOUR İSTANBUL
WELCOMES YOU!
Planning a trip can be stressful. You can buy the
wrong vacation package because you don’t know
much about the destination. Planning the transfers,
picking hotels, and other details are too much work
for many people. We offer you a well-planned tour
program. We meet you at the airport and arrange your
transfer to the hotel by private bus. You can choose
the hotel according to your interests and budget.
Sightseeing tour included in the package, so you can
visit the most important attractions (Topkapı Palace,
Hagia Sofia, Blue Mosque, Sultanahmet Square,
Galata Tower, and Dolmabahçe Museum) in İstanbul.
27. Complete the sentences according to the
information above.
1. İstanbul is a popular tourist ……………………………. .
2. Topkapı Palace and Hagia Sofia are some of the
……………………………. .
3. Personal ……………………………. Are not included in the tour
package.
4. Tour İstanbul offers two kinds of accommodation; 5-star
hotels or ……………………………. .
5. On the second day of the program, the visitors will see
the ……………………………. .
28. Write the names of the most important
tourist attractions under the correct picture.
1

Duration: 2 nights/3 days

Hotel: 5-star hotels or boutique hotels €450

2
Package includes: Accommodation, Per person
full-day city tour, transfers, and
English-speaking guide.
What’s Excluded? Personal expenses, Flight tickets,
and museum tickets

Here is the tour program:

3
Day 1: Arrival in İstanbul and transfer to the hotel
(free time after check-in)
Day2: Roman Heritage and Ottoman Marvels tour
(Full day)
Day3: Departure from İstanbul

Please contact our head office (call 02161234567 or

send an e-mail to info@touristanbul.com) if you have

4
any questions and requests.

Have a nice holiday!

1. How much is the fee?

……………………………..............................…………………………
2. What are the attractions is İstanbul?
……………………………..............................…………………………

5
3. How long is the tour?
……………………………..............................…………………………
4. Are flight tickets included in the price?
……………………………..............................…………………………
5. Where will you stay if you buy the tour?
……………………………..............................…………………………
6. How can you contact the main office?
……………………………..............................…………………………
114
 FUN PAGE

TOURISM
7 UNIT
29. Look at the checklist, and tick the ones that you have done!

Have you ever…

YES NO

1. been to Africa?
2. cooked dinner for your parents?
3. flown to another city by plane?
4. gone abroad?
5. gone on a cruise holiday?
6. joined safari tour?
7. shared your pictures on your blog?
8. tasted Chinese food?
9. traveled by boat?
10. visited an island?

30. Do you know these famous structures? Look at the pictures, and match them with the cities.

a. Paris, France e. Budapest, Hungary i. Johannesburg, South Africa

b. London, England f. Baku, Azerbaijan j. Buenos Aires, Argentina
c. New York, the USA g. Tokyo, Japan k. St. Petersburg, Russia
d. Berlin, Germany h. Sydney, Australia l. İstanbul, Turkey

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12

115
 UNIT 7 TOURISM
CONSOLIDATION

1. Read the dialogue, and answer the question. 3. Read the information, and answer the question.

Tina: ..............? Ruth wants to buy a holiday package for her

Marley: I prefer cruise vacations and sightseeing tours.
Tina: ..............?
Marley: Well, I have been on a cruise just once. I liked
it very much, but I am crazy about sightseeing tours.
I am fond of taking pictures of the attractions.
Tina: That’s great. ..............?
Marley: More than a hundred. Some of them were in
foreign countries. My favorite city is İstanbul. I think it is
the most beautiful city I have ever seen.
parents. They are in their sixties, and they don’t
like crowded places like city centers. They would
rather stay at a 5-star hotel and rest during
their holiday. They are not interested in visiting
museums and historic buildings. Ruth needs
some help with choosing the correct holiday for
them. She is looking at the pictures of the tours.
Which of the following tours should she book?
a. c.

Which of the following questions does Tina NOT ask

Marley?

a. Have you ever been to Turkey

b. d.
b. How many cities have you visited so far
c. What kind of holidays do you enjoy
d. Which one do you like the most

Read Ron’s speech bubble, and answer questions 4-5.

2. Look at the table, and answer the question. Hi! I’m Ümit. I am an English teacher. I work at a public
William asked questions to his friends about the types school in Antalya. I usually go abroad with my colleagues,
of holidays they like. Here are the answers: because we are working with other teachers from
different countries. The project is about the touristic
Winter Beach Cultural Cruise preferences of people in Europe. There are four partner
Holiday Holiday Holiday Holiday schools in four different countries. We will visit Jose in
Rotterdam in January. Then, we will go to Berlin in May to
visit Christian’s school. Our partner teachers will come to
Amy 4 8 4 8 Turkey before they go to Lisbon, Portugal in October. We
work hard but it's worth visiting all those beautiful cities.
Mary 8 4 8 4 The host school organizes daily trips to the city centers,
and we can see the attractions. I have been to Holland,
but I haven’t gone to Germany and Portugal. Holland is
Jenny 8 4 4 8 a small country and we visited some other cities such
as Eindhoven, Amsterdam, and Den Haag. I am sure our
Terry 4 8 8 4 partners will love Antalya.
4. Ümit will visit .............., after his colleagues come to Antalya.
Which of the following is INCORRECT according to
the information above? a. Lisbon c. Berlin
b. Amsterdam d. Rotterdam
a. Amy would rather go skiing than sail in a boat. 5. According to the speech bubble, Ümit _ _ _ _.
b. Mary doesn’t prefer beach holidays to cultural
holidays a. will never go to Rotterdam
c. Jenny is fond of staying at a hotel at the seaside. b. is a language teacher in Turkey
d. Terry doesn’t like spending time in historic sites. c. hates traveling to other countries
116 d. lives in Rotterdam, Holland.
 CONSOLIDATION

TOURISM
6. Read the text, look at the pictures, and answer the question.
Adam is a blogger. He always shares his routine and
pictures with his followers. He just returned from a holiday.
He went to Madrid, Spain for a week. Here are the posts and
pictures about his travel:
Welcome to Adam Smithson’s Blog
7 UNIT
Read the advertisement, and answer questions 9-10.
“The Wind Tour” invites you to join one of the unforgettable
tours to Cappadocia on the first day of May. Winter, cruise,
and beach holiday packages are also available. You can
see them on the main page. Look at the Cappadocia Tour
advertisement on the company’s website:

Don’t come back from It’s worth trying!

Spain without doing it!

The cheapest
What a day in Madrid!
way of traveling!

Package tour
including accommodation at a 4-star
Tour type hotel, transportation to the region
and hotel, entrance fees to the
museums, lunch, and dinner
Which of the following is about Adam’s vacation in Spain?
Duration 1 night (2 Days)
a. Adam stayed at a cave hotel. İstanbul to Nevşehir (plane)
b. Adam traveled by tram or bus. Transportation Nevşehir to Cappadocia (bus)
c. Adam has joined cultural activities. Daily Excursions (shuttle)
d. Adam hasn’t done any sports in Madrid. 750 ₺ per person
7. Look at the table, and answer the question. Price
1250 ₺ for couples
By bus and ferry Please note that; personal expenses and drinks at
Boutique hotel lunch and dinner are not included in the price.
HUNGARY
Forint or Euro
Budapest 9. Which of the following is TRUE according to the
information above?
Which of the following does NOT complete the table?
a. You won’t stay in Cappadocia during the tour.
a. Accommodation c. Currency b. You will travel only by plane to go to
b. Climate d. Transportation Cappadocia.
8. Read Brian’s speech bubble, and answer the question. c. The tour will take two days and two nights.
d. The package includes the travel expenses.
I like nearly all types of holidays. On a beach holiday, I feel relaxed.
I feel the adrenaline on a winter holiday because I always try skiing.
Cruise holidays are good, but they should be shorter. Finally, my 10. According to the website, The Wind Tour _ _ _ _.
favorite is a religious holiday; Ramadan.
a. organizes tour only to Cappadocia
Brian talks about his_ _ _ _. b. is the name of the hotel in Cappadocia
c. makes a discount for the couple
a. favorite sports c. occupation and duties d. takes the tourists to İstanbul by bus.
b. vacation preferences d. camping activities 117
 UNIT 8 CHORES Watch the real-life video
to review the unit!
FUNCTIONS WARM UP
• Expressing likes and dislikes • Do you do any housework?
• Expressing obligation / responsibilities • What are your responsibilities?
• Interacting during routine tasks • What do you think about your obligations?
• Identifying the main topics of a talk such as
school / library rules

Words related to chores Expressing Expressing Expressing

ß Thrash ß Assignment responsibility likes dislikes
ß Complain ß Dirty
ß Male ß Female ß I’m in charge of… ß Crazy about ß Dislike
ß Preparation ß Take off ß I’m responsible for… ß Love ß Don’t like
ß Slippers ß Feast ß It’s (high)time to… ß Enjoy ß Doesn’t like
ß Eve ß Allowance ß It is necessary to… ß Like ß Hate
ß Guest ß Relative ß It is my duty to… ß Fond of ß Can’t stand
ß Obey ß Bin ß I have to… ß Keen on ß Bad at
ß Tidy ß Untidy
ß Neat ß Respectful ß Interested in
ß Responsibility ß Suggestion ß Good at
ß Warn ß Feed
ß Household ß Cooperation
ß Errands ß Necessary

Obligations Classroom rules

ß We must share our ß Arrive on time
responsibilities. ß Don’t disturb others
ß I have to take out the ß Don’t run in the corridors
garbage in our house. ß Keep quiet
ß You don’t have to wash ß Keep your desk tidy
the dishes. We have a ß Listen to your teacher
dishwasher. ß Obey classroom rules
ß My brother has to water ß Raise your hand to speak
the plants. ß Respect your classmates
ß You mustn’t use bad words ß Return books on time
at school. ß Take notes
ß Turn off your mobile phone

ß Do the ironing
ß Do the laundry
ß Do the washing up ß Clean the windows
ß Dry the dishes
ß Dust the shelves/furniture
Chores ß Do shopping
ß Hang out the clothes
ß Empty/load the dishwasher ß Mow the lawn
ß Make the bed ß Pay the bills
ß Rake the leaves
ß Mop the floor
ß Prepare the meal Indoor ß Sweep the leaves
ß Separate the laundry ß Take out the garbage
ß Set the table ß Take the dog for a walk
ß Take care of baby sister/brother Outdoor ß Tidy up the garage
ß Tidy up the room/house ß Wash the car
ß Vacuum the carpet/floor ß Water the plants/flowers

118
 CHORES
8 UNIT
WORDLIST COMMON WORDS COMMON CRITICAL EXPRESSIONS
1. Advice: Tavsiye 1. Clean up the house: Evi • Are you a responsible person?: Sen
2. Affect: Etkilemek temizlemek sorumluluk sahibi birisi misin?
3. Assignment: Görev 2. Complete: Tamamlamak • Can you please share your experiences?:
4. Borrow: Ödünç almak 3. Cooperate: İş birliği yapmak Lütfen deneyimlerinizi paylaşır mısınız?
5. Boss: Patron 4. Disturb: Rahatsız etmek • Do you ever mow the lawn?: Hiç çim biçer
6. Chores: Ev işleri 5. Do the chores: Ev işlerini misin?
yapmak • Do you have to help your parents with the
7. Clean up the garage: Garajı temizlemek 6. Do the grocery shopping: housework?: Ailene ev işlerinde yardım
8. Complain: Şikâyet etmek Bakkal alışverişi yapmak etmek zorunda mısın?
9. Diary: Günlük 7. Do the laundry: Çamaşır • Don’t you think it is necessary to tidy up
10. Dirty: Kirli yıkamak your room?: Odanı düzenlemenin gerekli
11. Doorbell: Kapı zili 8. Dry the dishes: Bulaşıkları olduğunu düşünmüyor musun?
12. Effectively: Etkili bir şekilde kurulamak • How do you feel when you take those
13. Encouraging: Cesaretlendirici 9. Dust the furniture/shelves: responsibilities?: Bu sorumlulukları aldığın
14. Equally: Eşit bir şekilde Rafların, mobilyanın zaman kendini nasıl hissediyorsun?
15. Experience: Deneyim tozunu almak • How often do you set the table?: Ne sıklıkla
16. Female: Kadın 10. Empty the dishwasher: sofrayı hazırlarsın?
17. Flat: Kat, daire Bulaşık makinasını boşaltmak • How should parents teach their children to
11. Family members: Aile üyeleri do house hold chores?: Aileler çocuklarına
18. Gather: Toplamak 12. Feed the dog / cat: ev işleri yapmaları gerektiğini nasıl
19. Get annoyed: Kızmak Köpeği/kediyi beslemek öğretmeliler?
20. Immediately: Derhal 13. Garden: Bahçe • I have lots of chores to do at home.: Evde
21. Instead of: Yerine 14. Guest: Misafir yapacak çok fazla işim var.
22. Janitor: Kapıcı 15. Hang out the clothes: • I hope we’ll keep our promises.: Umarım
23. Keep a diary: Günlük tutmak Çamaşırları asmak sözlerimizi tutarız.
24. Keep in mind: Akılda tutmak 16. Household chores: Ev işleri • I think we can do it in turn.: Bence sırayla
25. Leaf/leaves: Yaprak/yapraklar 17. Housework: Ev işleri yapabiliriz.
26. Look after: Bakımını üstlenmek 18. In charge of: Görevi olmak • It makes our life easier.: O hayatımızı
27. Make a fuss: Karışıklık çıkarmak 19. Iron the clothes: kolaylaştırıyor.
28. Male: Erkek Kıyafetleri ütülemek • It’s time to do the laundry.: Çamaşır yıkama
20. Keep promises: Sözlerini tutmak zamanı.
29. Mess: Kargaşa 21. Library: Kütüphane • My brother has to respect my rights.:
30. Mop the floor: Yerleri paspaslamak 22. Load the dishwasher: Kardeşim haklarıma saygı göstermek zorunda.
31. Moral: Ahlaki Bulaşık makinasını doldurmak • Paying the bills falls to me.: Faturaları
32. Mow the grass/lawn: Çimleri biçmek 23. Make bed: Yatak yapmak ödemek bana düşer.
33. Neat: Düzenli 24. Necessary: Gerekli • She is in charge of taking out the garbage.:
34. Noisily: Gürültülü 25. Obey: Kurallara uymak O çöpleri atmaktan / dışarı çıkarmaktan sorumlu.
35. Pay the bills: Faturaları ödemek 26. Obligation: Zorunluluk • They may seem hard, but not for me.: Zor
36. Peaceful: Huzurlu 27. Raise hand: El kaldırmak görünebilirler, fakat benim için değil.
37. Pick up: Toplamak 28. Relative: Akraba • We are ready to welcome our guests.:
38. Return the books: Kitapları iade etmek 29. Respectful: Saygılı Misafirlerimizi karşılamak için hazırız.
39. Reward: Ödül 30. Responsibility: Sorumluluk • We must share our responsibilities.:
31. Responsible for: Bir şeyden Sorumluluklarımızı paylaşmalıyız.
40. Sacrifice Feast Eve: Kurban sorumlu olmak • We should always be tidy.: Daima düzenli
Bayramı Arefesi 32. Rules: Kurallar olmalıyız.
41. Sadness: Hüzün 33. Set the table: Masayı kurmak • What are your obligations?: Senin
42. Separate laundry: Kirli çamaşırları 34. Take care of: Bakımını üstlenmek zorunlulukların neler?
ayırmak 35. Take off: Çıkartmak • What do you like doing as a chore?: Ev işi
43. Slippers: Terlikler 36. Take out the garbage/ olarak ne yapmayı seversin?
44. Suggestion: Tavsiye trash/rubbish: Çöpü çıkartmak • What is your responsibility at home?: Senin
45. Sweep the leaves: Yaprakları süpürmek 37. Task/duty: Görev evdeki sorumluluğun nedir?
46. Take turns: Sıra ile yapmak 38. Tidy up: Düzenlemek • What kind of chores do your kids do?:
47. Tradition: Gelenek 39. Vacuum the floor: Yerleri Çocukların ne tür işler yaparlar?
48. Untidy: Düzensiz süpürmek • Who must take out the garbage in your
40. Wash the dishes: family?: Ailenizde çöpleri kim atmak zorunda?
49. Volunteer: Gönüllü Bulaşıkları yıkamak • Who usually vacuums your house?:
50. Warn: Uyarmak 41. Water the plants: Bitkileri Evinizi genellikle kim süpürür? 119
sulamak
 UNIT 8 CHORES
VOCABULARY

1. Match the phrases with the correct pictures.

A. Indoor chores
a. Clean up the bathroom
b. Do the ironing
c. Do the laundry
d. Dry the dishes
e. Dust the shelves i. Look after children m. Set the table
f. Empty the dishwasher j. Make the bed n. Tidy up the room
g. Feed the cat k. Mop the floor o. Vacuum the carpet
h. Load the dishwasher l. Prepare meals p. Separate the laundry

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16

120
 VOCABULARY

CHORES
8 UNIT
B. Outdoor chores 1 2 3
a. Clean the windows

b. Do the grocery shopping

4 5 6
c. Hang out the clothes

d. Mow the lawn

e. Pay the bills

7 8 9
f. Rake the leaves

g. Sweep the leaves

h. Take out the rubbish

10 11 12
i. Take the dog for a
walk

j. Take the kids to school

k. Wash the car

l. Water the plants

2. Who does the chores in your family? Write the numbers of the chores for your family members?
ME MY FATHER MY MOTHER MY SISTER(S) MY BROTHER(S)

121
 UNIT 8 CHORES
VOCABULARY

3. Read the speech bubble, and fill in the
blanks with the correct words below.
Bathroom / Chores / Dishwasher / Garbage /
Grocery / Prepare
Hi! I am Carl. I am from
Canada. I am an 8th-grade student.
In my family, everyone must do some
1
…………………. My mom makes a weekly
task list every Sunday. We follow the
list from Monday to Saturday and
do our duties. They work hard and
come home late on weekdays. I and
my brother do most of the chores
to help them. I 2…………………. dinner,
set the table, load the 3………………….,
and take the 4…………………. out. My
brother usually makes the beds,
cleans the 5…………………., and tidies up
the living room. My father does the
6
…………………. shopping, pays the bills,
and washes the car. My mom?
I am not sure, but I think she
does everything!
4. Match the halves.
1. Empty a. on time
2. Hang out b. the bills 7. Match the words with their synonyms/
3. Share c. the clothes
4. Return books d. the dishwasher
5. Match the questions with the answers.
1 Which chores do you like most?
2 Do you prefer outdoor chores or indoor chores?
3 What do you think about cooperation in the family?
4 What are your sister’s duties at home?
5 Who washes the dishes in your family?
6 Who is responsible for cooking the meals?
a I cook for lunch and my mom prepares the dinner.
b I don’t like any of them.
c She makes the beds and sets the table.
d That’s my brother’s responsibility.
e Watering the plants and raking the leaves.
f We must share the chores to make our lives easier.
6. Put the words into the correct order to make
sentences.
1. My / car / is / in / charge / washing / father / of / the /.
...................……………………………………………………………………….
2. I / help / my / house / always / around / the / parents /.
...................……………………………………………………………………….
3. corridors / run / We / the / school / in / mustn’t /.
...................……………………………………………………………………….
4. responsible / the / I / for / out / am / taking / garbage /.
...................……………………………………………………………………….
5. home / We / share / the / chores / at / always /.
...................……………………………………………………………………….
6. Do / any / at / chores / to / do / you / have / home /?
...................……………………………………………………………………….
alternatives.
1. Chores a. Complete

5. Pay e. the housework 2. Finish b. Duties

6. Tidy up f. the laundry 3. Advice c. In charge

7. Prepare g. the meals 4. Look after d. Neat

8. Do h. your room 5. Garbage e. Rubbish

9. Washing i. the rules 6. Tidy f. Suggestion

10. Obey j. machine 7. Annoyed g. Take care of

8. Responsible h. Upset
122
 VOCABULARY

CHORES
8 UNIT
8. Listen to the dialogue, and answer the questions.
I am free in the afternoon. Would you like some help? I am afraid, but your mom gave you some duties.
Henry Duties? What are you talking about? Dad
I want to rest and watch a nice film. You will do that later, son. Have a look at the list first.
Henry You must finish your chores before you watch Dad TV.
Where is the list? Dad
Henry Fine... It is in the kitchen. Go and look!
Henry Dad

1. What are Henry’s outdoor chores?

Living ………………............……………………………………………………….
Kitchen Bathroom Garden
room 2. Which indoor chores is Henry responsible for?
………………............……………………………………………………….
Set the Clean up Sweep the Dust the 3. What must he do in the kitchen?
table the taps leaves and shelves ………………............……………………………………………………….
Empty the and sink. put them in 4. Does he have any responsibilities in the garden?
dishwasher the rubbish ………………............……………………………………………………….
bin. 5. Can you guess how long will it take for Henry to
finish all these chores?
………………............……………………………………………………….

9. Look at Lisa’s to-do list, and tick True() or False().

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Weekend
Make the bed      
Set the table  
Take the rubbish out   
Feed the dog   
Vacuum the carpet 
Mop the floor 
Clean up the house  

1. Lisa sets the table every day.

2. She never tidies up her room and makes her bed.
3. She cleans up the house twice a week.
4. She does more chores on Wednesdays.
5. She doesn’t have to do anything on Mondays.
6. She takes care of the dog only at weekends.
10. Look at Lisa’s to-do list again, and write the days she has to do the chores.
1 2 3 4 5

.................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... ....................................

123
 UNIT 8 CHORES
GRAMMAR

Expressing Obligations (Zorunlulukları İfade Etme)

Yapılması zorunlu olan işlerden ya da uyulması gereken kurallardan bahsederken kullanılan yapıları inceleyelim:
Must: Bir şeyin yapılması zorunlu olduğu hallerde kullanılır. Anlam olarak “should” yapısından daha güçlü ve
ciddi bir tavsiye verirken kullanılır. Cümleye “-meli, -malı” anlamı katmaktadır. ”Must” dan sonra her zaman fiilin
yalın hali kullanılır.
V You must be a responsible student. (Sorumlu bir öğrenci olmalısın.)
V We must help our parents at home. (Evde ebeveynlerimize yardım etmeliyiz.)
V Jack must finish his homework. (Jack ödevini bitirmeli/bitirmek zorunda.)

Have to/has to: “Must” ile çok yakın bir anlama sahiptir. Aradaki fark; bu yapıda bir otoriteye bağlı bir
zorunlulukla açıklanabilir. Kanunlara ya da başka bir kişi tarafından belirlenmiş kurallara uymanın gerekliliğini
anlatırken, yapılması zorunlu tutulan eylemlerden bahsederken kullanılır. Örneğin evdeki işleri yapmamız
gerektiğini annemiz söylediyse bu bir otoritenin ya da başkasının koyduğu kurallara göre yapılması gereken bir
görevdir. ”Have to/ has to” kalıbının ardından fiil yalın halde kullanılır.
V You have to clean the bathroom. (Banyoyu temizlemek zorundasın.)
V We have to return the books on time. (Kitapları zamanında geri götürmek zorundayız.)
V He has to go to school on weekdays. (Hafta içi okula gitmek zorunda.)

Don’t/doesn’t have to: Hem “must” hem de “have to/has to” kalıplarının olumsuzu olarak kullanılır. Yapmak
zorunda olmadığımız görev ve işlerden bahsederken kullanılır. “Yapmak zorunda değilsin, yapsan da olur
yapmasan da” anlamında kullanılır.
V I don’t have to wash the dishes. (Bulaşıkları yıkamak zorunda değilim.)
V You don’t have to cook for dinner. (Akşam yemeği pişirmek zorunda değilsin.)
V Jenny doesn’t have to go to school on Saturday. (Jenny cumartesi günü okula gitmek zorunda değil.)

obey the rules. obey the rules.

I/You/We/They have to I/You/We/They don’t have to clean up the house.
clean up the house.
must mustn’t* wash the dishes.
go to school on time.
He/She/It He/She/It go to school because
has to finish the chores. doesn’t have to it is a holiday.

Mustn’t: Kişilere herhangi bir şeyin kesinlikle yapılmaması gerektiğini bildirmek için kullanılır. Özellikle okul,
kütüphane, sınıf gibi yerlerde konulmuş yasakları anlatırken bu yapıya sıkça rastlanır. Must ve mustn’t arasındaki
anlam farkına dikkat edilmesi gerekir.
V The students mustn’t run in the corridor. (Öğrenciler koridorda koşmamalı.)
V We mustn’t leave our desks dirty. (Sıralarımızı kirli bırakmamalıyız.)
V We mustn’t disturb others. (Başkalarını rahatsız etmemeliyiz.)

11. Complete the sentences with MUST or MUSTN’T.

1. The house is so dirty, he …………. vacuum the floors.
2. The school starts at nine o’clock. We …………. be late.
3. Ssshh! Be quiet! You …………. talk while the teacher is teaching.
4. You should respect your friends, Dave. You …………. use bad words.
5. You …………. obey the classroom rules. Must
6. We share the chores in our house. I …………. do the laundry. That’s my duty.
7. My mom says that I …………. tidy up my room, but I hate it.
8. You …………. use your phone at the library. It is not free.

124
 GRAMMAR

CHORES
8 UNIT
12. What are the following sentences about? 14. Listen to the dialogue, and fill in the blanks.
Put them into the correct box.
Mrs. Evans is talking to her students about
SCHOOL/LIBRARY RULES their responsibilities at school:

Mrs. Evans: Do you remember the rules in our school?

Gina: Yes, Mrs. Evans. We 1 …………… keep quiet and we
2
…………… listen to the teachers carefully.
HOUSEHOLD CHORES Mrs. Evans: Well done, Gina! What else?
Emily: We 3 …………… cheat in the exams.
Mrs. Evans: That’s right! We 4 …………… respect the rights
of others.
Matt: I think we 5 …………… be respectful to everyone.
1. Return the book to the library on time.
2. Be at home before eleven o’clock. Mrs. Evans: Thank you, Matt. We 6 …………… be kind and
3. You mustn’t leave your room in a mess. helpful.
4. Be respectful to the rights of other students. Tina: Do we 7 …………… keep our desks neat and clean?
5. Come to the lessons on time. Albert: Of course. We 8 …………… put the rubbish into the
6. Do your homework regularly. bin.
7. Take the rubbish out at six o’clock.
Mrs. Evans: What about the library rules?
8. Raise your hand to speak.
9. Don’t forget to feed the cat. Gina: We 9 …………… return the books on time and we
10. I have to clean the bathroom.
10
…………… damage the books.
11. You must turn off your mobile phone. Mrs. Evans: Very well, Gina. Thanks, everyone. You are
12. I have to help my parents with the housework. smart students.
13. I must dust the shelves.
14. You have to take the exams. 15. Listen to the dialogue again, and tick (✓)
15. Keep quiet! the rules.
16. Keep your class clean.
17. Wash the dishes! It is your turn. We must… We mustn’t…
18. You must bring your books to school.
19. Never use bad or unkind words. 1. keep quiet.
20. Please, don’t run in the corridor.
2. listen to the teacher
13. Rewrite the sentences using MUST or carefully.
MUSTN’T. 3. return the books on
U Come to school on time. You must come to school on time. time.
U Don’t make noise. You mustn’t make noise
1. Listen to your teacher carefully. 4. cheat in the exams.
……………………………………………………..
2. Don’t tell lies to your friends. 5. damage the books.
……………………………………………………..
3. Keep quiet in the reading room. 6. put the rubbish into
…………………………………………………….. the bin.
4. Don’t disturb others in the library. 7. respect others.
……………………………………………………..
5. Throw your rubbish in the bin. 8. keep your desk clean
…………………………………………………….. and tidy.
6. Don’t fight with your friends.
…………………………………………………….. 125
 UNIT 8 CHORES
GRAMMAR

Expressing responsibilities Chores ünitesinde, kurallardan ve sorumlukların yerine

getirilmesinden bahsedilirken kullanılan bazı ifadeler şunlardır; in
(Sorumlulukları İfade Etme) charge of something (bir şeyden sorumlu olmak), be responsible
for (sorumlu olmak), duty (görev).

• I am in charge of cooking. (Yemek pişirmekten ben sorumluyum.)

• Sam is in charge of taking out the garbage in the evenings.
(Akşamları çöpü dışarı çıkarmaktan Sam sorumludur.)
• I’m in charge of making my bed. (Yatağımı toplamaktan ben sorumluyum.)
• A: What are your responsibilities at home? (Evdeki sorumlulukların nelerdir?)
B: I’m in charge of feeding our cat, emptying the dishwasher, and setting the table.
(Kedimizi beslemekten, bulaşık makinasını boşaltmaktan ve sofrayı kurmaktan ben sorumluyum.)
• My father is responsible for doing the grocery shopping in our house.
(Evimizde market alışverişi yapmaktan babam sorumludur.)
• A: Don’t you think it is necessary to tidy up your room?
(Sende odanı toplamanın gerekli olduğunu düşünmüyor musun?)
B: Of course. We must share the chores at home. (Elbette. Evde işleri paylaşmalıyız.)
• It’s time to do the laundry. (Çamaşırı yıkamanın zamanı geldi.)
• I have to water the plants. (Bitkileri sulamalıyım.)
• Taking out the garbage is my duty. (Çöpü dışarı çıkarmak benim görevimdir.)

16. Read the text, look at the table, and complete the sentences with the names or household chores.

Hello! I’m Amy. I am an 8th-grade student and I live in Liverpool with my family. We share
the housework at home. The table below shows our responsibilities for the whole week:
Weekly Kitchen Shopping Do the Take out the Tidy up Clean
Chores Chart chores laundry garbage the room house
Amy Mon Wed Sun Mon/Wed/Fri/Sun Every day Sun
Laura (sister) Every day
Nick (brother) Wed Mon Tue/Thu/Sat Every day Sat
Adam (dad) Thu/Fri Tue Every day
Ann (mom) Tue/Sat/Sun Thu Every day

1. It is ………………. and ……………….’s
duty to do the laundry.
2. ………………. is in charge of doing
shopping on Wednesday.
3. ………………. is in charge of taking
out the garbage on Thursday.
4. ………………. doesn’t have a lot of
responsibilities on weekdays. She
just tidies up the bedroom.
5. ………………. is responsible for doing
the kitchen chores on Thursday.
17. Tick () the sentences as True () or False ()
according to the information above.
1. Adam is responsible for doing grocery shopping on Tuesday.
2. They never share the chores at home.
3. Ann has to do the laundry on Wednesday.
4. Nick doesn’t have to take the garbage out on Monday.
5. Amy and Nick are responsible for only tidying up their rooms.
6. It is Laura’s duty to vacuum the floors.

126
 GRAMMAR

CHORES
8 UNIT
Expressing Likes and Dislikes (Sevilen ve Sevilmeyen Şeyleri İfade Etme)
2. ünitede (Teen Life) gördüğümüz kalıpları ev işleri ve kurallarla ilgili fikirlerimizi belirtirken kullanabiliriz:
LIKES DISLIKES
Crazy about Fond of Keen on Don’t like Doesn’t like
Love Enjoy Like Dislike Hate
Love Interested in Can’t stand Bad at

• I like it when we share household chores at home. (Evde işleri paylaşmaktan hoşlanırım.)
• James doesn’t like it when his friends ask too many questions.
(James, arkadaşlarının çok fazla soru sormasından hoşlanmaz.)
• I don’t like cleaning the bathroom, it’s not for me. (Banyoyu temizlemeyi sevmiyorum, bana göre değil.)
• I can’t stand washing the dishes and hanging out the clothes.
(Bulaşık yıkamaya ve çamaşırları asmaya dayanamıyorum.)
• He is fond of setting the table and helping around the house.
(Sofra kurmayı ve ev işlerine yardım etmeyi sever.)
• My father is good at doing the grocery shopping. (Babam market alışverişini iyi yapar.)
• I’m not interested in doing the chores. (Ev işleri yapmakla ilgilenmiyorum.)
• Some teenagers dislike helping their parents.
(Bazı gençler anne babalarına yardım etmekten hoşlanmazlar.)
• Mariette loves washing the dishes, but she hates ironing.
(Mariette bulaşık yıkamayı sever ama ütü yapmaktan nefret eder.)w
18. Read the dialogue, and complete the sentences.

Alicia: Do you help your parents with the chores?

Linda: Sure. We share the chores. I don’t like some of them, but they are my duty. I know my responsibilities.
Alicia: Is there any chore that you like?
Linda: Well, I like 1 …………………… the lawn. I enjoy spending time in the garden. I prefer outdoor chores to indoor chores.
Alicia: You are lucky because I hate all of them.
Linda: Come on, Alicia. It is nice to go out on a shiny day. I am also fond of going to the supermarket. I love doing
2
…………………… I usually buy food or drinks. I sometimes buy ice cream or a bar of chocolate for myself and I eat on my
way back home.
Alicia: What else are you in charge of doing?
Linda: It is my duty to 3 ………………… the shelves at home. I dislike doing it because I usually sneeze. I am allergic to dust.
I am not responsible for doing the laundry, but my mom wants me to separate the 4 …………………… White ones into the
pink basket, and colorful ones into the black basket. I think it is a waste of time.
Alicia: What about ironing?
Linda: No way! I can’t stand doing 5 …………………… especially on a hot sunny day.
19. Make a list of chores that you like and don’t like.
I like … I don’t like …
• •
• •
• •
• •
• • 127
 UNIT 8 CHORES
GRAMMAR

20. Listen to the dialogue, and answer the 21. Listen to the dialogue again, and write
questions. True () or False ().

Rüzgâr: Mom, when is my dad’s birthday?

Gülden: Don’t you remember? It is on Saturday.
Bilge: Just two days later. What are we going to do? 1. Bilge and Rüzgâr are responsible and
Gülden: I think we can throw a party at home. We must helpful.
do some preparations for the party.
Rüzgâr: Can I help, too? What can I do? 2. Gülden will do all the chores alone.
Gülden: We must go to the supermarket. Would you 3. They will clean up the house together.
like to come?
Rüzgâr: Sure, mom. 4. Bilge dislikes cleaning the bathroom.
Gülden: I can make the cake at home. Is it OK? 5. Gülden will buy the cake from the
Bilge: OK, mom. I think it is necessary to clean the
house first. supermarket.
Gülden: Don’t worry about it. I will clean up the house 6. Rüzgâr and Bilge will do the grocery
tomorrow morning.
Rüzgâr: Cleaning up! I don’t want to do it, mom. I can shopping together.
tidy up my toys.
Mom: You know everybody must do some chores, 22. Tick the chores that do NOT exist in the
Rüzgâr, right? dialogue.
Rüzgâr: You are right. What should I do?
Gülden: Well, I made a list of chores. I will vacuum and
mop the floor. Bilge can clean the kitchen, and you can
dust the shelves, Rüzgâr.
1
Rüzgâr: OK, Mom.
Bilge: I don’t want to clean the bathroom. Can you do
it, please?
Gülden: I would like to, but I must cook a nice meal for
dinner. You are in charge of doing it this week. 4
Bilge: Yes, I know. I can help you with the chores in the
kitchen. I can set the table, load the dishwasher, and
tidy up the kitchen. I will clean the bathroom tomorrow.
Rüzgâr: I can take out the garbage and feed the dog.
Bilge: I’m sure everything will be great.
Gülden: Let’s start doing our tasks. We have a lot of
2
things to do. Rüzgâr, where are you?
Rüzgâr: I will be back in a minute. I have to finish my
homework now.
Bilge & Gülden: Rüzgâr! Come here right now! You
must be responsible and do your duties.
5
Rüzgâr: Fine!

1. What will Bilge do?

……………………………….........................………………………………….
2. What are Rüzgâr’s tasks?
3
……………………………….........................………………………………….
3. Who will do the grocery shopping?
……………………………….........................………………………………….
4. Who is responsible for cleaning the bathroom?
……………………………….........................………………………………….
5. Who must take out the garbage and feed the dog?
……………………………….........................………………………………….
128
 GRAMMAR

CHORES
8 UNIT
23. Read the speech bubbles, and circle the correct ones.

Hello, my name is Carol. In our house, I’m in charge of cooking dinner. My husband
works late, so I always do the shopping and cook. He is responsible for doing the grocery
shopping. We clean up the house together. On Saturdays, we vacuum the carpets, mop
the floors, and dust the shelves. We have a little garden in front of our house. In autumn,
Raymond sweeps the leaves. He likes watering the plants and gardening. Moreover, he
does laundry and hangs out the clothes. He is good at ironing, but he hates doing it. I do
the rest of the chores alone on weekdays. I prefer going out with him on Sundays, so I
always finish the chores before Sunday.

Hello, my name is Claudia. I’m fifteen years old. My brother and I always help our mom
because she works hard and feels tired after a long working day. My dad usually leaves
home earlier than us. He goes to the bakery and buys bread and bagels for us. I prepare
breakfast for my brother and mother. I usually help her set the table for dinner and my
brother takes out the garbage. We don’t do some tasks such as ironing, hanging out the
clothes, and cooking because they are not suitable for us. My mom and dad do most of
the chores at the weekend. We help them with easier tasks. For example, we make our
beds every morning and tidy our rooms. Sharing is caring.

Hi, my name is Jim. I live with my family. My parents do a lot of work at home. There
are some tasks I can do to help them. We can keep our home clean if we share the
household chores. I have some responsibilities at home. It is my duty to keep my room
clean and tidy. I take the garbage out after dinner every evening. I think dusting the
shelves is fun. I make my bed in the mornings, separate dirty clothes, and even do the
laundry. It is very easy to start the washing machine. Shortly, I am looking for ways to take
chores off their hands.

1. Raymond sweeps the leaves in the garden/carpet.

2. Claudia never/always helps her parents at home.
3. Jim is responsible for taking out the garbage/cooking the dinner.
4. Jim separates dirty clothes, starts the dishwasher/washing machine.
5. Carol doesn’t have to do shopping/cook because it is not her duty.
6. It is Raymond’s responsibility to do the laundry/clean the bathroom.
24. Read the texts again, and match the highlighted words with their definitions.
1. In charge of a. Clean floors with a vacuum cleaner
2. Vacuum b. Proper, appropriate
3. Garbage c. Responsible for something
4. Suitable d. Select clothes according to their colors
5. Chores e. Tasks, duties, things to do
6. Separate f. Thrash, rubbish, litter
25. Write your own speech bubble. Talk about your responsibilities at home, and school.
Do you share the chores at home? What do you have to do?

Hi, my name is ………………… I live in ………. with my family. ………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…
....…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 129
 UNIT 8 CHORES
READING

26. Look at the table, read the text, and answer the questions.
Hi, my name is Fred. I’m fifteen years old. Harry is my brother, Katie is my sister, Amy is my grandma, and Max is my granddad. We live all
together in a big cottage near Edinburgh, Scotland. In our family, everybody has responsibilities. For example, I’m responsible for dusting the
shelves and furniture in the living room. When I have enough time, I help my mom (Lisa) and my father (Jack) to do the chores at home
and in the garden. Here is our weekly chore list:

CHORES Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat

Cook dinner Fred Harry Lisa Amy Max Katie Jack
Wash the dishes Harry Lisa Amy Jack Fred Max Amy
Mow the lawn Katie Jack
Do the laundry Amy Harry Katie
Clean the bathroom Jack Katie Max Lisa
Walk the dog Jack Lisa Amy
Dust the furniture Fred Amy Harry
Vacuum the carpet Lisa Jack Katie Max
Kitchen tasks Max Lisa Amy

1. Who is in charge of vacuuming on Sunday?

2. Whose duty is to cook dinner on Friday?
3. Who is responsible for doing the laundry at the weekend?
4. Who has to clean the bathroom on Tuesday?
5. Who has to walk the dog on different days?
6. What does Max have to do on Friday?
27. Write the correct names according to the information above.

1. …………………. is responsible for walking the dog on Tuesday.

2. …………………. is in charge of walking the dog on Sunday.
3. Doing the laundry is …………………., …………………., and ………………….’s duty.
4. It is ………………….’s duty to dust the furniture on Monday.
5. Katie and …………………. have to mow the lawn.
6. …………………., Lisa, and Amy do the kitchen tasks in turn.

28. Write the correct names under the chores.

1 2 3 4 5

130
 FUN PAGE

CHORES
8 UNIT
29. Do you have any responsibilities at home? What are they? Who does the chores in your
house? Fill in the weekly chore chart with names according to the duties in your family.

TASKS MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN

Cooking

Mopping the floor

Dusting the shelves

Doing the laundry

Doing shopping

Cleaning the bathroom

Loading the dishwasher

Hanging out the clothes

Tidying up the living room

Ironing

Watering the plants

Feeding the cat/dog

Setting the table

Vacuuming the floor

30. Find, and circle the chores in the grid. (There are 15 hidden chores.)

w p p n hsoykvacuumthecarpethjpoywppnhs ru k o lwpls
oy oyktyloadt h
h edishwasherpsktycbvbrjky
emealsywhyoilkdfsetthetablertu i s he s
prepar nmgplisw r yt h e d
eepthefloorthuiswypasghyd

makethebeduprtfnmlspfghumdothelaun puqsa
drywysiyruhnm b b i s h u h
takeouttheru
paythebillsuyrpwyhlkrake
theleave
splaiwyhbgflookafterchildrenplry
thyumowthelawnyhw
plwashth
ecarplwygcleanthewindowso

131
 UNIT 8 CHORES
CONSOLIDATION

1. Read the dialogue, and answer the question. 3. Read the dialogue, and answer the question.

Meg: We should share the chores. What do you like
doing as a chore?
Sue: Hmmm, I like doing laundry, cooking, and washing
the dishes. However, I dislike doing the laundry, cleaning
the bathroom, and mopping the floor. Do you want to be
responsible for cleaning up the house?
Meg: Yes, it is OK for me. Sue, everyone must tidy up his
room, too!
According to the dialogue, Meg _ _ _ _.
a. is in charge of cleaning
b. is responsible for kitchen tasks
c. has to wash the dishes
d. must cook for dinner
Which of the following does NOT complete the
dialogue?
Would you please help me with the cleaning?
Jane
No way! I hate doing the ……………. What do I have to do?
Oscar
I know, but we have to share the tasks. Everyone
is busy and tired after a long day. If we do the
housework ……………., we can finish them earlier.
Then, you can do whatever you like.
Jane
You are right, Jane. What do I have to do?
Oscar
Please, start with ……………. and mopping the floor.
Jane

2. Look at Mary’s chores list, and answer the question a. chores c. together
b. mowing d. vacuuming
Weekly Chores 4. Look at the information below, and answer the question.
Monday Ü Laundry Catch-Up Who Chores M T W T F
Kitchen Wipe Down
Nina Mopping 3 3
Tuesday Ü Floors: sweep, mop & vacuun
15 minute pick up & wipe down Lucy Babysitting 3 3

Wednesday Ü Errands Ben Cooking 3 3

Car and entry way clean up Carl Sweeping 3 3
Thursday Ü Bathrooms
Budget Check Which of the following tours should she book?

Friday Ü Deep Kitchen Clean a. c.

Dusting - focus on one room
Saturday Ü Project Day

Which of the following is CORRECT according to the list?

b. d.
a. She has to wash the dishes on Monday.
b. She must do the laundry on Wednesday.
c. She should sweep the kitchen on Friday.
d. She must clean up the house on Tuesday.
132
CONSOLIDATION
CHORES
5. Read the dialogue, and answer the question.
Bill: _ _ _ _?
Emma: Unfortunately. The school starts at eight
o’clock.
Bill: That’s too bad. _ _ _ _?
Emma: No, I have to walk because my parents
leave home earlier.
Bill: You have a very busy life. _ _ _ _?
Emma: We share the chores to help each other.
Which of the following questions does
Bill NOT ask Emma?
a. Do your parents leave you school
b. Do you have to get up early
c. What are your responsibilities at home
d. Who does the chores in your house
6. Read the information below, and answer the question.
Susan and Marie are university students and they share
a flat in London. They try to make a to-do list of their
responsibilities and chores. They share the chores
according to their likes and interests. Here are the lists
of their responsibilities:
Marie Susan
Walk the dog Mop the floor
Clean up the bathroom Set the table
Pay the bills Do the laundry
Hang out the clothes Sweep the leaves
Choose the task that both Susan and Marie will be in
charge of?
a. c.
b. d.
7. Read the dialogue, and answer the question.
Teacher: What are your responsibilities at home?
Rachel: I have to rake the leaves.
Henry: It is my duty to separate the clothes and do the
laundry.
Sandra: I’m in charge of dusting the shelves.
Kim: I look after my baby sister and feed the cat.
Who is responsible for doing an outdoor chore?
a. Rachel c. Sandra
b. Henry d. Kim
8 UNIT
8. Read the speech bubble, and answer the question.
I’m Emily. My mother is a doctor at the emergency
service of Universal Hospital. She takes care of
her patients all day and gets tired. She sometimes
goes back to the hospital at midnight. She can’t do
any housework in those days. She needs our help.
My father does outdoor chores and cooks for us.
I sweep and mop the floor, take out the garbage,
and water the plants. We help each other with the
chores. We are a great family.
According to the text, Emily _ _ _ _.
a. does the outdoor chores
b. cooks when her mother is out
c. dislikes cleaning up the house
d. and her parents share chores
Read the speech bubble, and answer questions 9-10.
Nowadays, most teenagers aren’t interested in
doing chores at home. They want to spend time
with their smartphones or go online. Their parents
want them to complete their duties, but they usually
argue. Life can be easier when the family members
share chores at home. Parents don’t have to do
everything. Children can tidy up their rooms, take
out the garbage after dinner, and feed the dog
or cat. They can even help their parents with the
chores in the garden. In our house, we make a to-do
list to keep the household chores running regularly.
Cooking, doing the ironing, and looking after my
baby brother are my mom’s responsibilities. My
father is in charge of taking the dog for a walk,
watering the plants, and mowing the lawn. I set the
table and help my mum with the cleaning.
9. According to the speech bubble, Stacy _ _ _ _.
a. doesn’t prefer doing chores
b. sets the table to help her mom
c. takes care of their dog
d. is responsible for ironing
10. Which of the following is INCORRECT according to
the information above?
a. Stacy helps her parents with the chores.
b. Stacy’s dad mows the grass in the garden.
c. Stacy’s mom has a baby brother.
d. There is cooperation in Stacy’s family.
133
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE Watch the real-life video
to review the unit!
FUNCTIONS WARM UP
• Describing the actions happening currently • Do you think scientific achievements make
• Talking about past events our lives easier? Can you give an example?
• Present information about scientific
achievements

Adjectives Scientists/jobs Words about Science

ß Huge ß Academician ß Noble Prize ß Water screw
ß Hi-tech ß Astronomer ß Invent ß Experiment
ß Genius ß Astronaut ß Inventor ß Conduct
ß Well-known ß Biologist ß Invention ß Childhood
ß Renowned ß Botanist ß Discover ß Relative
ß Famous ß Chemist ß Discoverer ß Field
ß Possible ß Engineer ß Discovery ß Award
ß Geologist
ß Develop ß Occupation
ß Physicist
ß Scientific ß Famous
ß Researcher
ß Achievement ß Item
ß Surgeon
ß Zoologist

Words about Illnesses Words about space

ß Vaccination ß Space travel
ß Coronavirus disease ß Solar system
ß Smallpox
ß Cancer ß Planet
ß Test-tube ß Space shuttle
ß Wearable chip ß Sun
ß Human anatomy ß Earth
ß Examine ß Moon
ß Surgery
ß DNA repair ß Gravity
ß Cell
ß Medicine

ß Gravity
ß Radium
ß Compass
ß Polonium
ß Solar gravity
Scientific ß Tire
ß Wheelchair
ß Microbe
ß Penicillin Achievements ß Kevlar
ß Pasteurization ß Windshield wiper
ß Law of gravity ß Airbag
ß Radiation Discoveries ß Sliding door
ß Electricity ß Aluminum foil
ß Telephone
Inventions ß Printing press
ß Bionic eye

134

WORDLIST
1. Achievement: Başarı
2. Article: Makale
3. Brief: Kısa ve öz
4. Catgut: Ameliyat ipliği
5. Chemical substance: Kimyasal madde
6. Clone: Klonlamak
7. Co-founder: Kurucu ortak
8. Conduct an experiment: Deney yapmak
9. Contribution: Katkı
10. Cure the disease: Hastalığı
tedavi etmek
11. Debate: Çekişmek
12. Disabled: Engelli
13. Discovery: Keşif
14. Durable: Sağlam
15. Eco-friendly: Çevre dostu
16. Environment: Çevre
17. Excavation area: Kazı alanı
18. Eye-catching: Göz alıcı
19. Foundation/Institution: Kurum, kuruluş
20. Generate: Üretmek
21. Give up: Pes etmek
22. Gravity: Yer çekimi
23. Groundbreaking: Çığır açan
24. Human endeavor: İnsan çabası
25. Insect: Böcek
26. Keep away: Uzak durmak
27. Laws of gravity: Yer çekimi kanunları
28. Lecture: Ders
29. Liquid: Sıvı
30. Living structure: Canlı yapı
31. Manufacturer: İmalatçı
32. Mentor: Danışman
33. Microbe: Mikrop
34. NASA: Ulusal Havacılık ve Uzay
Dairesi
35. Observe: Gözlemlemek
36. Paradox: Çözümü olmayan
37. Paraplegic: Belden aşağısı felçli
38. Particular: Belirli
39. Patient: Hasta
40. Promote: Teşvik etmek
41. Publish: Bastırmak, yayımlamak
42. Rabies vaccine: Kuduz aşısı
43. Renown: Ün, şöhret
44. Scientific facts: Bilimsel gerçekler
45. Skill: Beceri
46. Solid: Katı
47. Surface: Yüzey
48. Transmit: İletmek
49. Trapped: Kapana sıkışmış
50. Vaccination: Aşı
SCIENCE
COMMON WORDS
1. Award: Ödül
2. Cancer: Kanser
3. Cell: Hücre
4. Century: Yüzyıl
5. Chemistry: Kimya
6. Compass: Pusula
7. Competition: Yarışma
8. Completely: Tam olarak
9. Condition: Durum
10. Conduct an experiment:
Bir deney yapmak
11. Container: Kap
12. Continuously: Sürekli
13. Convey: Araştırma yapmak hayatı kolaylaştırıyor.
14. Cosmology: Uzay bilimi
15. Decide: Karar vermek
16. Development: Gelişme
17. Device: Alet, cihaz
18. Diagnose: Teşhis etmek
19. Discussion: Tartışma
20. Encourage:
Cesaretlendirmek
21. Equipment: Malzeme
22. Examine: Muayene etmek daha iyi bir yer yapmak için.
23. Experiment: Deney
24. Explore: Araştırmak
25. Goal: Hedef
26. Government: Devlet, hükümet • What are scientists working on today?: Bilim
27. Happen: Olmak
28. Image: İmge, görüntü
29. Improve: Geliştirmek
30. Insert: Yerleştirmek
31. Invent: İcat etmek
32. Invention: Buluş, icat
33. Inventor: Mucit
34. Lab: Laboratuvar
35. Living structure: Canlı yapı What was a scientific action in the past you
36. Managed to: Başarmak
37. Medical: Tıbbi
38. Medicine: İlaç
39. Mosquito: Sivrisinek
40. Operate: Ameliyat etmek, • What’s your idea about that?: Senin bununla
işletmek
41. Physics: Fizik
42. Possible: Mümkün
43. Prize: Ödül
44. Research: Araştırma
45. Researcher: Araştırmacı
46. Scientific: Bilimsel
47. Scientist: Bilim adamı
48. Solar gravity: Güneş çekimi • You have little interest in science.: Bilime
49. Theoretical: Teorik
50. Various: Çeşitli
9 UNIT
COMMON CRITICAL EXPRESSIONS
• Cause and effect relationship.: Sebep sonuç ilişkisi.
• Great! You’re a real science worm.: Harika!
Sen gerçek bir bilim kurdusun.
• How do you follow scientific developments?:
Bilimsel gelişmeleri nasıl takip ediyorsun?
• How does it work?: Nasıl çalışıyor?
• I think the compass changed the world
the most.: Bence dünyayı en fazla pusula
değiştirdi.
• Inventions / discoveries that have helped
the world.: Dünyaya yardım eden buluşlar/
keşifler.
• It can often take days.: Bazen günler alabilir.
• It really makes life easier.: O gerçekten
• It’s impossible to get lost anymore!: Artık
kaybolmak imkânsız!
• Scientific inventions that we use….:
Kullandığımız bilimsel buluşlar...
• Thanks to his research…: Onun araştırmaları
sayesinde …
• The advantages and disadvantages of
scientific achievements.: Bilimsel başarıların
avantaj ve dezavantajları.
• To make the world a better place.: Dünyayı
• What about currently?: Peki ya son zamanlarda?
• What are people doing to protect animals
and nature?: İnsanlar hayvanları ve doğayı
korumak için ne yapıyorlar?
adamları bugünlerde neyin üzerinde çalışıyor?
• What did scientists do in the past?: Bilim
adamları geçmişte ne yaptı?
• What is he called all around the world?: Tüm
dünyada ne olarak tanınıyor?
• What is the aim?: Amaç ne?
• What is their common feature?: Onların
ortak özelliği nedir?
•
know?: Senin bildiğin geçmişteki bilimsel bir
olay nedir?
• What’s the most important scientific
achievement to you?: Senin için en önemli
bilimsel başarı nedir?
ilgili fikrin nedir?
• Which one is not an advantage of 3D printing?:
Hangisi 3 boyutlu yazıcının bir avantajı değildir?
• Which one/ ones changed the world the most?:
Dünyayı en fazla hangisi/hangileri değiştirdi?
• Who are the inventors you know?: Bildiğin
mucitler kimlerdir?
• Who is the most famous scientist in the world?:
Dünyadaki en ünlü bilim insanı kimdir?
çok az ilgin var. 135
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE
VOCABULARY

1. Match the phrases with the correct pictures.

7 8

a. Nobel prize i. DNA model

b. High-tech device j. Chemical substance
c. Human anatomy k. Microscope
d. Test tube l. Medicine
e. Printing press m. Solar energy panel
f. Law of gravity n. Patient
9 10
g. Bionic eye o. Ultrasonic image
h. Fossil p. Disabled

1 2 11 12

3 4 13 14

5 6 15 16

136
 VOCABULARY

SCIENCE
9 UNIT
2. Write the correct words/phrases under the 3. Put the scientific achievements into
correct pictures. the correct box. Are they discoveries or
g. Windshield wiper inventions?
a. 3D printing machine
h. Radiation
b. Catgut
1. Pasteurization
i. Aluminum foil
2. AC adaptor
c. Space shuttle
3. Air conditioner
j. Sliding automatic door
4. Airbag
d. Tomography
5. Microbe
k. Compass 6. Compass
e. Experiment 7. Penicillin
l. Infrared camera 8. Aluminum foil
f. Airbag 9. Cellular phone
10. Microbe
2 11. Dishwasher
12. DNA
1 3 13. Electric bulb
14. Electricity
15. Windshield wiper
16. Law of gravity
17. MR (Magnetic resonance) imaging
18. Printing press
19. Radiation
20. Radio
5 21. Radium
4 6 22. Sliding door
23 Solar gravity
24. Tire
25. Wheelchair

8
7 9 DISCOVERIES INVENTIONS

11
10 12

137
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE
VOCABULARY

4. Fill in the blanks with the correct words 5. Match the sentences in the 4th Exercise
below. with the pictures.

vaccination radiation planet

achievements invented well-known
cell compass medicine
inventors invention prototypes A B

1. I think the Internet is the most important

……………………… because we can share photos,
videos, and messages in seconds.
2. You can copy or in scientific terms, clone a living C D
organism using a simple ………………………. It has the
same DNS structure.
3. Doctors and scientists work together to find a
……………………… to cure the cancer disease.
4. Elon Musk is a ……………………… businessman. He is
the founder of SpaceX and Tesla Motors.
5. Scientific ……………………… affect the world positively E F
and help us in our daily lives.
6. Scientists are testing new ……………………… of robots in
developed countries.
7. A ……………………… is a device that shows the
directions correctly. The arrow always turns to the
North. G H
8. Marie Curie is a Polish scientist. She is famous for
her studies in ……………………….
9. Thomas Alva Edison and Nikola Tesla were
successful ……………………… because they made great
contributions to the world with their works.
10. Scientists saved the lives of millions of people by
developing the COVID-19 ………………………. I J
11. Mary Anderson ……………………… windshield wipers for
cars in 1903. The drivers had difficulty in rainy
weather and couldn’t see the road well.
12. Water is the most important substance on
……………………… Earth. We can’t survive without
drinking water. K L
138
 VOCABULARY

SCIENCE
9 UNIT
6. Match the words with their synonyms/ 8. Put the words into the correct order to
alternatives. make sentences.

1. Prize a. Award
a / theoretical / was / brilliant /
2. Choose b. Blind 1 Stephen W. Hawking / physicist /.
3. Goal c. Competition ...................................................................
4. Contest d. Improve
5. Device e. Pick
Machine / I’m / the / operating /.
6. Sight-disabled f. Substance 2
7. Sound g. Target ...................................................................
8. Famous h. Tool
9. Develop i. Voice
10. Matter j. Well-known for / Doctors / trying / are / to /
3 cancer / a / find / cure /.
7. Match the questions with the answers. ...................................................................

1. What are they doing over there?

2. Who discovered the microbe?
well-known / is / genius / Einstein /
3. What is their common feature?
4. Who is Rachel Zimmerman Brachman?
4 a /.
...................................................................
5. What will be the biggest problem in the future?
6. What should we do to stop global warming?
7. What is the most important scientific
polonium / Marie Curie / radium /
achievement for you? 5 discovered / and /.
8. What are you doing currently? ...................................................................
9. When did Oktay Sinanoğlu become a professor?
10. What is ALS?
a. Akşemseddin explained it for the first time. like / Scientists / are / on / working /
b. He became a professor at the age of 28. 6 planets / the / Mars / exploring /.
c. He is the inventor of the “Blissymbol Printer’’. ...................................................................
d. I think the discovery of tires.
e. They are both female scientists.
f. I think water shortage will be a threat.
g. We should take some precautionary measures.
h. I’m conducting experiments at the lab.
i. It is a form of motor neuron disease,
j. They are working on a body.
139
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE
VOCABULARY

9. Listen to the text, and write the numbers of 10. Listen to the text again, and fill in the
the inventions in the order you hear. blanks with the correct words.
From inventing our modern calendar to inventing writing
and creating surgical instruments, the ancient Egyptians
were truly masters of invention. They invented many
useful tools such as paper, medicine, the ramp, the lever,
the plow, and mills for grinding grain. 1. The ancient Egyptians used
a paper called the …………………….
Around 3000 BC, the Egyptians discovered that by mixing
a small amount of ore metal with copper, they could 2. …………………… is the mixture of ore
make bronze. Bronze is harder than other metals of that and copper.
time, and this archeological period became known as the 3. The Egyptians kept ……………………
Bronze Age. of events by writing them.
The ancient Egyptians were one of the first people to write 4. The name of the ancient Egyptian
and keep records. The earliest form of Egyptian writing writing was …………………….
was hieroglyphics. They invented papyrus; a kind of paper. 5. Egyptian …………………… had 365
They also mixed some materials to make black ink. days in total.
6. Some of the inventions of the
Finally, the Egyptian calendar had 365 days, divided into ancient Egyptians were the lever,
12 months. Each month had 30 days, and there were five the mills, paper, medicine, the
festival days at the end of each year. ramp, and the …………………….
Mill Bronze

11. Tick () the True sentences according to

the text.

1 Ancient Egyptians were good at making achievements.

Hieroglyphics Papyrus
2 Bronze is stronger than other metals.

3 The ancient Egyptians were the first people to write and read.

4 The Egyptians are using hieroglyphics at the moment.

Ink Calendar 5 There was copper in Egypt in ancient times.

6 They discovered bronze 365 days ago.

7 They invented useful tools for farming.

8 We are using the Egyptian calendar currently.

140
 GRAMMAR

SCIENCE
9 UNIT
Describing The Actions Happening Currently
(Şu Anda Olan Olaylardan Bahsetme)

The Present Continuous Tense şu anda yapmakta

olduğumuz veya bugünlerde gerçekleşen eylemlerden • I’m operating the machine right now.
bahsederken kullanılır. Ünitede, şu anda yapılmakta (Şu anda makinayı çalıştırıyorum.)
olan bilimsel çalışmaları, deneyleri ve benzeri durumları • I’m putting a chemical substance in the test tubes.
anlatmak için kullanılmıştır. (Deney tüplerine kimyasal bir madde koyuyorum.)
• I’m conducting an experiment.
Positive Form (Olumlu Hali) (Deney yapıyorum.)
I am now. • I’m looking for some fossils in the excavation area.
You are at the moment. (Kazı alanında fosil arıyorum.)
• Aziz Sancar is doing some researches on cancer.
He/she/it is watching right now. (Aziz Sancar kanserle ilgili araştırmalar yapıyor.)
We tv just now. • Canan Dağdeviren is conducting her scientific
You are currently. research in the USA.
They nowadays. (Canan Dağdeviren Amerika’da bilimsel araştırmasını
yürütüyor.)
Negative Form (Olumsuz Hali) • They are doing some research in the library.
(Kütüphanede biraz araştırma yapıyorlar.)
I am not now. • My brother and his friends are preparing a science
are not project nowadays.
You at the moment.
aren’t (Erkek kardeşim ve arkadaşları bugünlerde bir bilim
is not watching right now. projesi hazırlıyorlar.)
He/she/it
isn’t tv • We are preparing a science project and doing
We just now. research on the Internet)
are not (Bir bilim projesi hazırlıyoruz ve İnternette araştırma
You currently.
aren’t yapıyoruz.)
They nowadays. • A: I need your help. Are you doing your homework?
(Yardımına ihtiyacım var. Ödev mi yapıyorsun?)
Question Form (Soru Hali) B: No, I am not. What is it about?
Am I now? (Hayır. Neyle ilgili?)
A: I am searching for inventors, but I can’t access
Are you at the moment?
online library.
Is he/she/it watching right now? (Mucitleri araştırıyorum, ancak çevrimiçi kütüphaneye
Are we tv just now. erişemiyorum.)
you currently? • A: What are the doctors doing now?
they nowadays? (Doktorlar şu anda ne yapıyorlar?)
B: They are examining the patient. I think it is an
Answers (Kısa ve uzun cevaplar) emergency.
(Hastayı muayene ediyorlar. Sanırım acil bir durum.)
I am • A: What are you doing these days / currently?
Yes, he/she/it Is (Bugünlerde/bu aralar ne yapıyorsun?)
They are B: I am doing experiments at the school lab.
(watching TV.) (Okul laboratuvarında deneyler yapıyorum.)
I am not
No, we aren’t.
they aren’t 141
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE
GRAMMAR

12. Look at the pictures, and write what they 13. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of
are doing. the verbs below.

1. She’s ………………………. a DNA

model. conduct examine look prepare

study teach try work

2. She’s ………………………. an 1. He ……………………………………. a science project nowa

experiment.
days.
2. They ……………………………………. in the lab currently.
3. He’s ………………………. for 3. Sue ……………………………………. into the sky through the
fossils in the excavation area.
telescope.
4. Walter ……………………………………. the results of scientific
achievements.
5. The doctors ……………………………………. to find a cure for

4. He’s ………………………. on the cancer.

Internet for his science project. 6. Be careful! We ……………………………………. a very impor
tant experiment.
5. She’s ………………………. some 7. Lucy ……………………………………. some cells with a
notes for her report. high-tech microscope now.
8. I ……………………………………. the effects of some
inventions to my learners right now.

14. Circle the correct one.

6. He’s ………………………. the
space through a telescope.
7. She’s ………………………. some
chemical substances in the test tube.
8. He’s ………………………. the
machine.
1. What is/are scientists working on these days?
2. The students are do/doing an experiment with
some chemical substances.
3. James is/am studying for the science test at the
moment.
4. A student/ The workers are operating a new
machine.
5. Is/Does he taking notes about the results of the
experiment?
6. The doctors is/are examining the patient right now.

142
 GRAMMAR

SCIENCE
9 UNIT
Talking About Past Events Positive Form (Olumlu Hali)
(Geçmişteki Olaylardan Bahsetme) I
worked hard
yesterday.
You last week.
He studied for the
“Simple Past Tense” geçmişte meydana gelmiş when i was younger.
She exam
eylemleri anlatmak için kullanılır. İngilizcede fiiller It three years ago.
discovered
We a month ago.
regular (düzenli fiiller) ve irregular (düzensiz fiiller) olmak a new element
They in 2021
üzere ikiye ayrılır. Düzenli fiiller kendilerinden sonra
“-ed / -d / -ied” takılarından birini alırlar. Ancak, düzensiz Negative Form (Olumsuz Hali)
fiillerde belirli bir kural yoktur ve düzensiz fiil listesinde I yesterday.
(Grammar Reference) de görüleceği gibi neredeyse You work hard last week.
hepsi farklı şekillerde geçmiş zaman yapısında kullanılır. He study for the exam when i was
She didn’t younger.
It discover a new three years ago.
Düzenli fiillere “-ed” takısı eklerken dikkat edilmesi We element a month ago.
gereken yazım kuralları: They in 2021
Question Form (Soru Hali)
T Çoğu fiilin sonuna -ed eki getirilir.
• discover – discovered I yesterday.
• invent – invented you last week.
work hard when i was
• develop – developed he
study for the exam younger.
• publish – published Did she
discover a new three years
it ago.
element
T Fiil sessiz-sesli-sessiz harf sıralaması ile bitiyorsa ve we a month ago.
vurgu sondaysa, sondaki sessiz harfi iki kere yazılır. they in 2021
• stop – stopped
Answers (Cevaplar)
• drop – dropped
• refer – referred I did.
• prefer – preferred he did.
Yes, she did.
we did
T Fiil -e harfi ile bitiyorsa; sonuna yalnızca -d eki they did.
getiririz. I didn’t.
• Like – liked he didn’t.
• change – changed No, we didn’t.
• announce – announced they didn’t.
• improve – improved • Scientific achievements of the past century changed the World:
(Geçen yüzyılın bilimsel başarıları dünyayı değiştirdi:)
T Fiilin son harfi -y ise, ve -y ‘den önce sessiz bir harf • For example, Archimedes invented the water screw.
varsa; -y düşer ve yerine -ied eki getirilir. (Örneğin, Arşimet su vidasını icat etti.)
• Researchers found some new fossils, and now they are
• Try – tried working on them in the labs.
• Dry – dried (Araştırmacılar bazı yeni fosiller buldular ve şu an laboratuvarlarda
• Carry – carried bunlar üzerinde çalışıyorlar.)
• Study – studied • Newton discovered the gravity of matter and now scientists
are exploring solar gravity.
(Newton maddenin yerçekimini keşfetti ve şimdi bilim adamları
T Fiil -y harfi ile bitiyorsa, ancak -y ‘den önce sesli bir güneşin yerçekimini araştırıyorlar.)
harf varsa; -y düşmez, sonuna -ed eki getirilir. • Our daily life developed with the invention of smartphones.
• Obey – obeyed (Günlük haytatımız akıllı telefonların icadı ile gelişti.)
• Play – played • Scientists announced the discovery of a new species of plants.
• Pray – prayed (Biliminsanları yeni tür bitkilerin keşfini duyurdu.)
• What was the scientific activity in the past that you know?
• Stay – stayed (Geçmişte bildiğin bilimsel çalışma neydi?) 143
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE
15. Read the text, and choose the best option.
Scientific achievements of the past century 1
……………. the World; the Wright brothers 2 …………….
us the chance to travel long distances in shorter
times by plane. Louis Pasteur and his vaccination
work 3 ……………. us from diseases, so we can live
longer now. Akşemseddin 4 ……………. microbes
and 5 ……………. a great contribution to the field
of medicine. Tesla and Edison 6 …………….famous
for their electricity works. Johannes Gutenberg
7
……………. the printing press. Thomas Edison
8
…………….the electric bulb in 1879. Karl Benz 9
……………. the first car. 10 ……………. they observe
any scientific experiment? Of course, they did.
They worked for days, and sometimes months to
develop their works.
1 a. change b. changed c. changes
2 a. give b. gave c. giving
3 a. saved
b. saves c. is saving
4 a. discovered b. invented c. developed
5 a. cost b. made c. had
6 a. are b. was c. were
7 a. published b. discovered c. developed
8 a. invented b. burnt c. discovered
9 a. bought
b. designed c. broke
10a. do b. does c. did
144
GRAMMAR
16. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of
the verbs in parantheses.
1. In 1954, Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt
………………………….. (invent) the first sliding
automatic door.
2. Martin Cooper ………………………………. (make)
the first mobile telephone call on April 3, 1973.
3. German inventor Karl Benz …………………………….
(patented) his Benz Patent-Motorwagen in 1886.
4. Automobiles ………………………………. (become) a
part of our lives in 1769 when Nicolas-Joseph
Cugno developed the steam-powered automobile.
5. Some of Einstein’s teachers ………………………………
(believe) that he would be successful.
6. The Chinese ………………………………. (use) the
compass for navigating.
7. Aziz Sancar ………………………………. (conduct) DNA
research.
8. The first computer of C. Babbage
………………………………. (be) one of the most
important inventions of the last century.
17. Circle the correct one.
1. Do you know any well-known scientists and their
faiures/processes?
2. Thomas A. Edison was the inventor/discoverer of a
wide range of products from the electric light bulb to
the phonograph.
3. A: Do you know who received the Nobel Prize/Fee
last year?
B: Kip Thorne from the USA.
4. Galileo helped medicine/space science develop a
powerful telescope and an improved compass.
5. Louis Pasteur/Akşemseddin discovered the
vaccination and pasteurization.
6. Mehmet Öz is a cardiac surgeon and a writer. He
performs over 250 experiments/operations annually.
7. Researchers conduct experiments because they
want to develop new cures for illnesses/attractions.
8. Scientific discoveries/inventions like Archimedes’
water screw changed the world.
 GRAMMAR

SCIENCE
9 UNIT
18. Read the dialogue, and decide if the 19. Fill in the chart according to the dialogue.
following sentences are True () or False (). Tick () the correct names.
Inventors
Amy: What is the most important scientific John Willis Lew Guglielmo
Mary Logie
achievement? Inventions Anderson Baird Carrier Hewitt Marconi
Carl: Windshield wipers.
Amy: Who invented them? Air
Carl: Mary Anderson invented them in 1903. conditioner
We couldn’t drive cars in rainy weather without
windshield wipers. That’s why it is so important. Radio
Amy: You’re right. I think there are many useful Sliding
inventions such as Willis Carrier’s air conditioner, automatic
door
Lew Hewitt’s sliding automatic doors, John Logie
Baird’s television, and Guglielmo Marconi’s radio. Television
Carl: I agree. They all made our lives easier and
more comfortable. Windshield
Adam: I believe the inventions on health and wiper
medicine are more important than any other
field. Bionic eyes, artificial legs or arms, vaccines, 20. Write the names of the inventions under
and cures for many diseases are useful for the pictures.
people to live without anyone’s help.
1
Dennis: What about robots? They do nearly all
the chores for us. The Chinese invented “Robot
Sophia” in 2017. She has a Twitter account and
she shares posts daily. 4
Adam: You must be joking! A robot on social
media? Haha haha...

1. According to Adam, a windshield wiper is

the most important invention. 5
2. Carl thinks that inventions make people’s
lives easier.
3. Amy and Dennis don’t agree that robots 3
can do chores at home.
4. Adam says that inventions on health are
the most important accomplishments.
5. Sophia is the name of Mary Anderson’s
invention.
145
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE
READING

21. Read the texts about two famous scientists, 22. Read the texts again, and fill in the table
fill in the blanks with the correct words. below.
Sir Alexander
Nikola Tesla
Fleming

Date of Birth

Date of Death

Nationality

Working field

Sir Alexander Fleming was a Scottish biologist. The most

He was born in 1881. He studied at the Faculty of famous
Medicine in London. He discovered penicillin in the accomplishment
late 1920s. ıt was a great achievement because he
could cure diseases and infections. His discovery 23. Match the pictures with the works of
started the antibiotic revolution. He received the Tesla and Fleming.
Novel Prize in medicine in 1945. He died in 1955.
1 a. Remote control

b. Laser

c. Fluorescent light

d. Penicillin

e. Electric motor

2 4
Nikola Tesla was born in 1856 in Croatia. He moved
to the USA to work for Thomas Alva Edison. He filed
more than 300 patents during his 86 years of life.
His inventions built a way for alternating current (AC),
electric motors, radios, fluorescent lights, lasers, and
remote controls, among many other things. He died
in 1943 and his AC-driver system remains the world
standard for delivering electricity today.
3 5
1. Tesla was an important figure in the field of
……………………
2. Fleming worked mainly about …………………… all his life.
3. Tesla was born in …………………… but he died
in ……………………
4. Fleming was from ……………………
5. Both Fleming and Tesla were successful ……………………

146
 FUN PAGE

SCIENCE
9 UNIT
24. Quiz: Can you guess when they were 6
invented? Put the inventions in chronological
order.

1954 1907 1882

1955 1938

1926 1902 1921

1839 1967 7
1

8
2

9
3

10
4

25. Which inventions are more important and

5 useful? Number the following inventions.
1. Smartphone 6. Automobile
2. Television 7. Glasses
3. The Internet 8. Calendar
4. Space shuttle 9. Printing machine
5. Vaccines 10. Compass
147
 UNIT 9 SCIENCE
CONSOLIDATION

1. Read the dialogue, and answer the question. 3. Read the information, and answer the question.

Teacher What do you think about the inventions?

I think the compass changed the world
Sarah
because it helps people to find their way.
Adam Edward Jenner’s discovery of the smallpox
vaccine saved many people's lives.
Some inventions like the air conditioner
Max
and aircraft are more useful for us.
Sue I agree with you, Adam. The inventions
in medicine are lifesaving. For example,
Antibiotics saved millions of lives by killing
harmful bacteria.
Which of the following does NOT exist in the dialogue?
a. c.
Marie Curie is the only scientist in history to
win Nobel prizes in two different categories:
she won her first Nobel Prize in Physics in
1903 for her work on radiation, and a Nobel
Prize in Chemistry in 2011 for her discovery
and work on radium and polonium. Curie’s
interest in science resulted in an element in
the Periodic Table. She was one of the most
famous scientists of all time.
In this text, there is NO information about Marie
Curie’s _ _ _ _.
a. achievements c. relatives
b. occupation d. success

b. d.

4. Read the dialogue, and answer the question.

2. Look at the table, and answer the question.

Teacher: Today, we will study famous
scientists and their works. Can you guess
The following table shows the proportion of female who is the man in this picture?
inventors in patent applications from 1998 to 2021: Riley: Where is he?
Countries with the most female inventors Teacher: He is sitting under an apple
tree. Here is a clue for you; he discovered
1 Togo %57
gravity. This apple changed the world.
2 Uganda %45 Miley: I found it! I think he is Isaac
Newton. He formulated the laws of gravity.
3 Latvia %40
4 Cuba %35
5 Georgia %30
Which of the following can be CORRECT according to Which of the following questions does NOT have an
the information above? answer in the dialogue?

a. Georgia doesn’t have any female inventors. a. Who was Isaac Newton?
b. Latvia has more inventors than Uganda. b. What were Newton’s inventions?
c. Cuban women are not interested in inventions. c. What did Newton do?
d. There are more female than male inventors in Togo. d. What did Newton discover?
148
 CONSOLIDATION

SCIENCE
9 UNIT
5. Read Kevin’s speech bubble, and complete the sentence . 8. Read the text, and complete the sentence.

When the public started using the telephone
in the 1800s, inventor Alexander Graham Bell
decided that phone calls should be answered
with “ahoy” instead of “hello.” However, Thomas
Edison wanted users to answer the phone with
“Hello.” Edison’s term won out – and by 1880,
“ahoy” was just something a pirate would say.
Graham Bell _ _ _ _.
Englishman Thomas Savery was an
engineer and inventor. He was famous for
developing the first practical steam engine,
in 1698. He used the device to draw water
using steam pressure. In developing his
engine, Savery used the principles of
Denis Papin, a French-born British physicist
who invented the pressure cooker.

a. preferred using the word “ahoy” in his phone calls Thomas Savery _ _ _ _.
b. and Edison talked on the phone every day
c. didn’t answer the phone calls from Edison a. didn’t get any ideas from Papin
d. wanted users to answer the calls with “hello” b. was born in 1698.
6. Read the text, look at the chart, and answer the question. c. invented an electronic tool
d. and Papin worked in the same field
Scientists are inventing a lot of useful tools and items to support
us. Some of them work on medicine, and some do experiments
on electrical technologies and vehicles. The following chart
eterinary Sciencesshows theTools
Electrical varietyComputing
of inventions and their
Technologies related
Engineering fields:
Elements Read the text, and answer questions 9-10.

Take a moment and look around.

25% 30% Medical or Veterinary Sciences Do you see any inventions? They are
everywhere you look! Your computer, your
Electrical Tools
clothes, your notebook, and the things
10% Computing Technologies we use in our daily lives are all good
examples of inventions. The inventions
35% Engineering Elements started with the scientific method. Science
is all about being curious and asking
questions. You begin by observing and
According to the chart, inventions _ _ _ _. wondering why and how. Inventors use
the scientific method to figure out how to
a. are always on the same field make their inventions.
b. on electrical tools are more than engineering
c. on medicine are more than others
d. about computing technologies are the most.
7. Read the text, and answer the question. John

Josephine Cochrane was a rich woman. She
usually invited people for dinner. Her housemaid
continuously broke the valuable plates. So, she got
angry and decided to invent the machine to wash
the dishes fast and without breaking. She designed
the first dishwasher.
According to the text, Cochrane _ _ _ _.
9. According to the speech bubble, inventors _ _ _ _.
a. never question the world around themselves
b. often use computers to make inventions
c. started a new method to use their notebooks
d. usually observe the world and ask questions
10. Scientific method _ _ _ _.

a. was the designer of the dishwasher. a. doesn’t involve observing

b. didn’t have much money b. helps inventors choose their clothes
c. was a selfish and jealous woman c. is the way most inventors prefer
d. and her husband invented the machine d. only deals with high-tech tools
149
 UNIT 1O
FUNCTIONS
• Making predictions about the future
• Giving reasons and results
• Identify the main points of TV news
NATURAL FORCES Watch the real-life video
to review the unit!
WARM UP
• Which natural disasters happen in Turkey?
• What kind of precautionary measures can we
take to reduce the negative results of natural
forces?

Hit Words Solutions for Global Ecology

ß Phenomenon ß Reuse Continent Warming ß Atmosphere
ß Recyclable ß Province ß Forestation ß Depletion
ß Richter Scale ß Rescue ß Organic food ß Ecosystem Destruction
ß Magnitude ß Precaution ß Protect natural resources ß Extinction
ß Eco-friendly ß Decrease ß Rechargeable batteries ß Flora
ß Strike ß Disaster ß Recycling ß Nacreous Clouds
ß Save ß Agricultural ß Renewable energy ß Photosynthesis
ß Survivor ß Average ß Saving energy
ß Fault line ß Emergency kit ß Solar energy
ß Natural ß Coast ß Wildlife conservation
phenomena ß Reuse ß Wind tribunes
ß Reduce

Results of Global Natural Forces

Warming ß Avalanche
ß Biodiversity loss ß Drought
ß Climate change ß Earthquake
ß Decreasing of rainforests ß Erosion
ß Destruction of ß Flood
environment ß Forest fire
ß Drought ß Hurricane
ß Extinction of species ß Landslide
ß Melting of glaciers ß Lightning
ß Rising sea levels ß Tornado
ß Water shortage ß Tsunami
ß Volcanic eruption

Environmental
ß Biological Pollutants ß Air Pollution
ß Climate change Problems ß Chemical products
ß Ecosystem Destruction ß Contamination
ß Global warming ß Deforestation
ß Greenhouse effect ß Ecosystem Destruction
ß Land pollution ß Exhaust fumes
ß Water pollution ß Overpopulation
ß Extinction of species ß Ozone depletion
ß Toxic Waste

150
 NATURAL FORCES
WORDLIST
1. Aftershock: Artçı sarsıntı
2. Air pollution: Hava kirliliği
3. Approximately: Yaklaşık olarak
4. Authorities: Otoriteler
5. Billion: Milyar
6. Biological pollutant: Biyolojik atık
7. Burst: Patlamak
8. Conservation: Koruma
9. Cope with: Başa çıkmak
10. Destroy: Zarar vermek
11. Destructive: Yıkıcı
12. Eco-friendly: Çevre dostu
13. Economic loss: Ekonomik kayıp
14. Elevator: Asansör
15. Emergency kit: İlk yardım çantası
16. Energy shortage: Enerji sıkıntısı
17. Erosion: Erozyon
18. Evacuate: Tahliye etmek
19. Explosion: Patlama
20. Fault line: Fay hattı
21. Flood: Sel
22. Food shortage: Yiyecek sıkıntısı
23. Glacier: Buzul
24. Global warming: Küresel ısınma
25. Happen: Olmak
26. Harmful: Zararlı
27. Horizon: Ufuk
28. Iceberg: Buz dağı
29. Increase: Artırmak
30. Individually: Bireysel
31. Main quake: Esas sarsıntı
32. Mass: Kütle
33. Measure: Ölçmek, önlem
34. Missing people: Kayıp insanlar
35. National mourning: Ulusal yas
36. Natural phenomena: Doğal
felaketler
37. Phenomenon: Hadise, olay
38. Photosynthesis: Fotosentez
39. Rainfall: Yağmur, yağış
40. Reflect: Yansıtmak
41. Release: Serbest bırakmak
42. Renewable: Yenilenebilir
43. Rescue team: Kurtarma ekibi
44. Richter Scale: Richter Ölçeği
45. Soil: Toprak
46. Strike: Vurmak, çarpmak
47. Sudden: Aniden
48. Suffer: Acı çekmek
49. Victim: Kurban
50. Warn: Uyarmak
1O UNIT
COMMON WORDS COMMON CRITICAL EXPRESSIONS
1. Active volcano: Aktif volkan • How can we save the Earth?: Dünyayı nasıl
2. Affect: Etkilemek kurtarabiliriz?
3. Avalanche: Çığ • How do people destroy nature?: İnsanlar
4. Cause: Sebep doğayı nasıl tahrip eder?
5. Climate change: İklim • How many people are missing?: Kaç kişi
değişikliği kayıp?
• How often do you recycle trash?: Çöpleri ne
6. Coast: Kıyı sıklıkla geri dönüştürüyorsunuz?
7. Contamination: Kirlilik • If we don’t take the necessary measures
8. Damage: Zarar vermek soon…: Eğer yakında gerekli tedbirleri almazsak…
9. Deforestation: Ormanları • Pay more attention to the environment.:
yok etme Çevreye daha fazla dikkat edin.
10. Disaster: Felaket • People should save resources and use
11. Drought: Kuraklık recyclable products.: İnsanlar kaynakları
12. Earth: Dünya korumalı ve geri dönüştürülebilir ürünler kullanmalı.
13. Earthquake: Deprem • To me, the worst natural disaster is an
14. Educate: Eğitmek earthquake.: Bana göre, en kötü doğal afet
15. Effect: Etki depremdir.
• Use the “off” switch.: Kapatma düğmesini
16. Enough: Yeterli kullanın.
17. Entire: Tamamı, bütünü • We can’t cope with this.: Bununla başa
18. Environment: Çevre çıkamayız.
19. Erosion: Erozyon • We should stop wasting our water
20. Erupt: Püskürmek sources.: Su kaynaklarımızı boşa harcamayı
21. Experience: Deneyim durdurmalıyız.
22. Flood: Sel • What are the causes of the earthquakes?:
23. Glacier: Buzul Depremlerin sebepleri nelerdir?
24. Global warming: Küresel • What are the effects of global warming?:
ısınma Küresel ısınmanın etkileri nelerdir?
25. Government: Hükümet • What are the reasons / results of it?:
Sebepleri / sonuçları nelerdir?
26. Happen: Olmak • What are your predictions for the future
27. Hit: Vurmak of the world?: Dünyanın geleceği ile ilgili
28. Hurricane: Kasırga tahminlerin nelerdir?
29. Injure: Yaralanmak • What can we do for a better world?: Daha iyi
30. Landslide: Toprak kayması bir dünya için ne yapabiliriz?
31. Lightning: Şimşek • What can we do to slow down global
32. Magnitude: Şiddet warming?: Küresel ısınmayı yavaşlatmak için
33. Natural forces: Doğal güçler ne yapabiliriz?
34. Occur: Meydana gelmek • What does she / he suggest doing?: Ne
35. Planet: Gezegen yapılmasını tavsiye eder?
36. Pollute: Kirletmek • What kind of problems do people have after
disasters?: Afetlerden sonra insanlar ne tür
37. Precaution: Önlem problemler yaşarlar?
38. Prediction: Tahmin • What shall we do about this?: Bunun için ne
39. Probable: Olası, muhtemel yapmalıyız?
40. Protect: Korumak • What should people do to save the nature?:
41. Recyclable: Geri dönüştürülebilir Doğayı korumak için insanlar ne yapmalı?
42. Rescue: Kurtarmak • What should / shouldn’t we do during an
43. Save: Korumak earthquake?: Deprem süresince ne yapmalı /
44. Storm: Fırtına ne yapmamalıyız?
45. Surface: Yüzey • What was the magnitude of the earthquake?:
46. Survivor: Hayatta kalan Depremin şiddeti neydi?
47. Threat: Tehdit • What will be the most threatening problem
in the future? : Gelecekteki en tehlikeli
48. Tornado: Hortum, fırtına problem ne olacak?
49. Waste: Atık
151
50. Water shortage: Su sıkıntısı
 UNIT 1O NATURAL FORCES
VOCABULARY

1. Match the phrases with the correct pictures.

a. Hurricane b. Erosion c. Avalanche d. Flood

e. Drought f. Forest fire g. Tsunami h. Earthquake

i. Lightning j. Tornado k. Volcanic eruption l. Ozone depletion

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

152
 VOCABULARY

NATURAL FORCES
1O UNIT
2. Fill in the blanks with the correct terms
about environmental problems. Dave: In the USA, the Irma
5
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hit the coasts of Florida
and the agricultural areas. I am afraid
pesticides / deforestation / that it will continue every year.
earthquake / tsunami / greenhouse /
pollution / hurricane / landslide /
shortage / global warming

Adam: Well, I think _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

6
will be a threat in the future because
Henry: What are your
we cut down trees in agricultural areas.
predictions about natural
There is nothing to stop the soil come
forces and disasters?
down the hills and mountains.

Mary: I think we will have

1
water _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the
future because we waste
too much water.
Tina: The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is one of
7
2
the worst natural disasters. It causes
destruction. It is a sudden shaking
George: To me, we will movement of the surface of the Earth.
suffer from landslides
because of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

3 John: Many human activities

8
Robert: The glaciers in the poles are
produce _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ gases.
melting and they are under great
Scientists agree that these
risk. I guess they will disappear soon
activities make their effect stronger.
as a result of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and
They make the Earth warmer.
ozone depletion.

Linda: Farmers use 9

4
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to get rid
of some insects but that is
Amy: In my opinion, there will be harmful to the environment.
dangerous _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because there
is always a great risk after an earthquake
on the coasts of oceans. The dangerous Wendy: The living
10
waves hit the land and cause a lot of beings in oceans are at risk
damage and loss of lives. of being extinct because of
water _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

153
 UNIT 1O NATURAL FORCES
VOCABULARY

3. Match the words with their synonyms/alternatives.

1. Contamination a. Catastrophe:
2. Disaster b. Erosion
3. Save c. Happen
4. Damage d. Harm
5. Cause e. Iceberg
6. Glacier f. Pollution
7. Landslide g. Probable
8. Garbage h. Protect
9. Occur i. Reason
10. Possible j. Trash

4. Match the questions with the answers.

1. What are the effects of drought? a. Crop damage and water supply shortages.
2. What should we do to save natural resources? b. Cutting down the trees.
3. What should we do during an earthquake? c. Earthquakes.
4. What will be the most dangerous disaster in the future? d. It is a rise in the Earth’s temperature.
5. What causes the landslide? e. It was in 1997.
6. What is global warming? f. Take shelter and protect ourselves.
7. When was the worst earthquake in Turkey? g. We should recycle products.
8. How do we measure an earthquake’s magnitude? h. With the Richter Scale.

5. Put the words into the correct order to make sentences.

1. the / future / will / like / on / Earth / life / be / in / the / What /?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………............................................................................…………
2. or / I / won’t / there / enough / food / think / water / be /.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………............................................................................…………
3. to / can / What / do / nature / we / save /?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………............................................................................…………
4. are / The / teams / survivors / still / for / rescue / the / searching /.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………............................................................................…………
5. water / The / forms / land / main / of / are / air, / and / pollution /.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………............................................................................…………
6. increase / Global / is / the / in / Earth / warming / the / of / temperature.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………............................................................................…………
154
 VOCABULARY
NATURAL FORCES
6. Circle the correct one.
1. According to the latest reports, several
natural/artificial forces occurred.
2. Ethiopia is one of the countries suffering from
air pollution/drought. There isn’t enough
water for people.
3. Earthquakes/Tsunamis are common natural
forces. They can have widespread effects if
their magnitude is higher than 6.0.
4. An active volcano/tornado doesn’t explode
continuously but the eruption is predictable
for scientists.
5. People destroy/clean nature by cutting down
the trees and polluting the environment.
6. If we want to slow down global warming, we
should/shouldn’t reduce heat-trapping gases.
7. Glaciers are melting because of water
pollution/global warming.
8. You should turn on/off the lights when you
leave your room.
9. The main reasons for hurricane/erosion are
deforestation, misused agricultural areas,
and human factors.
10. How often do you throw/recycle trash to save
the future of the Earth?
1O UNIT
7. Listen to the conversation, and fill in the
blanks with the correct phrases.
Lisa: What will be the biggest 1 …………………………. in the future
in your opinion?
Samantha: Well, I think global warming will be a
2
…………………………. in the future because the Earth is warming.
Thomas: What do you (3) …………………………. we should do?
Lisa: We should stop using aerosol sprays, cutting down the
trees, and (4) …………………………. products. We should save the
natural forces. The level of carbon dioxide is so high in the
(5) …………………………. It causes the temperature to increase. A
little increase can cause big (6) …………………………. for the whole
world. Do you agree with me?
Thomas: Absolutely! I think (7) …………………………. destruction
will be the greatest threat. We will suffer from the water
shortage and drought. There will be biodiversity loss in some
areas of the world. Some animals will (8) ………………………….
Lisa: What do you suggest we should do? Can we do
anything to help our (9) ………………………….?
Thomas: The governments should take some (10)
…………………………. They can inform people about the dangers
of global warming. We should reduce the use of some
chemical substances. We can also recycle products at home
and in schools.
Lisa: You are right. Let’s talk to our teacher about starting an
environmental campaign in our school.
8. Listen to the dialogue again, and tick ()
the sentences as True or False.
1. Thomas doesn’t pay attention to the
environment.
2. Lisa suggests Thomas start a campaign
against fast food.
3. Thomas believes that our planet is in
danger because of ecosystem destruction.
4. According to Lisa, we shouldn’t use
aerosol sprays.
5. The Carbon dioxide level is low, so there
is nothing to worry about the atmosphere.
155
 UNIT 1O NATURAL FORCES
VOCABULARY

9. Match the definitions with the phrases. 10. Write the correct terms under the pictures.
Use the phrases in Exercise 9.

a. Wind tribunes

b. Ozone depletion

c. Deforestation

d. Photosynthesis

e. Overpopulation
1. ......................... 2. .........................
f. Melting of glaciers

g. Exhaust fumes

h. Recycling

i. Toxic waste

j. Air pollution
3. ......................... 4. .........................

5. ......................... 6. .........................
1. contamination of air by smoke and
harmful gases
2. the clearing of a forest
3. the steam or gases ejected
4. icebergs turning into water
5. the population of an area in too large
numbers
6. the hole in the ozone layer 7. ......................... 8. .........................
7. the complex process by green plants
8. the collection of discarded materials for
reuse
9. any dangerous waste that is harmful to
people
10. huge propellers to generate electricity
from the wind

9. ......................... 10. .........................

156
 GRAMMAR

NATURAL FORCES
1O UNIT
Making Predictions about the Future
(Gelecekle İlgili Tahminlerde Bulunma)

Gelecekle ilgili olaylardan bahsederken, tahminlerimizi belirtirken veya kararlarımızı ifade ederken “Future Tense” yapısı kullanılır.
A. WILL/WON’T B. AM/IS/ARE GOING TO
Gelecekte olacağını düşündüğümüz bir olayı, tahmin Gelecekteki bir plandan veya planlanmış aktivitelerden
ettiğimiz bir durumu, geleceğe yönelik kişisel fikrimizi bahsederken am/is/are going to kullanılır. Yani will
veya konuşurken verilen kararları belirtmek için will gibi konuşma anında değil, üzerinde daha önceden
ya da will not (won’t) kullanılır. Konuşma anında karar durduğumuz bir olayı anlatırken ihtiyaç duyulan bir yapıdır.
verilir ve o anda söylenir.
Positive Form
Positive Form I am
I meet the mayor
You He/she/it is
going to about the
He/ will start a campaign. You natural forces.
she/it
We We are
They They

Negative Form
Negative Form I am not
I is not
You will not He/she/it buy a new
(isn’t) going to
He/ product.
(won’t) use aerosol sprays. You
she/it are not
We We
They (aren’t)
They

Questıon Form
Questıon Form Am I

you Is he/she/it prepare an

he/she/it going to
Will join the campaign? earthquake kit?
we you
Are we
they they
• The Eco-school project is going to take place in Antalya.
• A: There is a forest fire on the hills. What can we do? • I am going to attend the meeting against global warming.
B: Really? I will call the fire department. • They are going to visit the recycling center tomorrow.
A: I’ll go there to help them put out the fire. • Mr. Barışkan reserved his place for the environment
conference. He’s going to talk at the conference about the
• A: What will be the most threatening environmental problem? problems of our planet.
B: I think. We’ll have water and food shortages in the future.
• A: Are you going to watch the documentary?
• A: What do you take those cans? B: No, I’m not. I feel sorry for those animals. I am going to
B: I will put them into the recycling bin. donate $10 to protect wild animals.
• I think/believe there will be a tsunami after the earthquake. • A: What are you going to do after school?
• I hope/guess nobody will get injured in the hurricane. B: I’m going to prepare a poster about natural forces to
• I suppose people won’t suffer from global warming soon. inform my classmates. 157
 UNIT 1O NATURAL FORCES
GRAMMAR

11. Choose the best option.

1 Glaciers ………………… and sea levels rise when the Earth warms up because of global warming.

a. produce b. melt c. cool down d. get bigger

2 After the hurricane in Florida, many people had to ………………… their houses. Unfortunately, 3
people were missing and the rescue teams are still searching for them.

a. leave b. warn c. earn d. find

3 We should ………………… natural resources to help our planet. Otherwise, there won’t be enough
food and sources for future generations.

a. waste b. save c. turn off d. reduce

4 Forests are important for us because they ………………… the oxygen level in the atmosphere.

a. damage b. destroy c. decrease d. increase

A tsunami hit the coasts of the Philippines last week. According to the local authorities, more than
5 a hundred people died. The rescue teams found a baby among the trees in the city center. She
was the only ………………… of this tragic disaster.
a. accident b. organizer c. survivor d. firefighter

12. Put the sentences into the correct order.
• I agree. We should take some precautions to
prevent pollution.
• What are your predictions for the future?
• People throw rubbish and plastics into the
environment and water. Exhaust gases
cause air pollution. We should do something
immediately to protect the world.
• I think it is pollution.
• I am pessimistic about the future of our planet
because of environmental problems such as
global warming, deforestation, and pollution.
• What causes the pollution?
• What is the most threatening problem?
158
13. Complete the sentences using SHOULD
or WILL.
1. I believe it …………………… be difficult to find food
and water in the future.
2. I guess there …………………… be a drought in the
future because we waste water.
3. If we want to save the world, we …………………… do
be aware of the environmental problems.
4. In my opinion, air pollution …………………… be a great
problem in the future because of the exhaust
fumes.
5. We …………………… never put the recyclable
products into the trash bins. We ……………………
Recycle them for future use.
6. We …………………… put plastic, glass, and paper into
recycling bins.
7. Adam pays attention to the environment. I am sure
that he …………………… turn off the tap when he
washes his hands.
8. What …………………… we do to save energy?
 GRAMMAR

NATURAL FORCES
1O UNIT
14. Match the questions with their answers.
Making Suggestions
1. What should we do during an earthquake?
(Tavsiyelerde Bulunma) 2. What is the most dangerous catastrophe in
your opinion?
Karşımızdaki kişiye tavsiye verirken “should” kalıbını 3. How much did Hurricane Irma cost the USA?
kullanırız. “Should” kalıbından sonra fiil yalın halde 4. What are the dangers for the rainforests?
kullanılır. 5. What should we do to prevent the results of
landslides?
• We should recycle paper, plastic, and glass at home. 6. What kind of disasters did Turkey suffer
• We should protect nature. from last year?
• You should be respectful to the environment. 7. What are the possible disasters in a country
• we should save the wild animals, otherwise, they will on the coast of an ocean?
extinct. 8. What should we do to slow down global
• You should be careful during an earthquake. You warming?
shouldn’t use the stairs.
a. Earthquakes and forest fires hit Turkey in 2021.
• We should stop wasting water and energy.
b. I think earthquakes cause a lot of loss of lives.
• We shouldn’t cut down trees. They produce oxygen.
c. More than two billion dollars.
d. People cut down trees to build farmlands.
e. Tsunami, I guess.
You should take f. We should plant trees and save the forests.
shelter. You shouldn’t g. We should save reuse, reduce, and recycle products
use the elevator and h. We should take shelter and protect ourselves.
the stairs to get out of
the building. 15. Circle the correct one.
1. Be careful when you see a recycling sign on some
What should we products. That means; you should/ shouldn’t put
do during an them in the recycling bins.
earthquake? 2. Governments should/ shouldn’t try harder to find
solutions for environmental problems.
3. If we want to stop the depletion in the ozone layer,
we should/shouldn’t use aerosol sprays.
4. We should/shouldn’t pay more attention to nature.
I mean, we must use eco-friendly products.
5. We should/shouldn’t recycle products such as paper,
cans, glass, and plastics at home.
6. You should/shouldn’t waste energy at home and
school. You can turn down the heater to save energy.
7. We should/shouldn’t take action to protect the wild
animals to save from being extinct. This is important
for the ecosystem.
8. The rescue teams do their best to save people
during an earthquake. We should/shouldn’t use
phones unnecessarily because some people may call
for an emergency.
159
 UNIT 1O NATURAL FORCES
Doğal felaketlerin sebeplerini veya sonuçlarını belirtirken bazı
bağlaçları kullanmamız gerekir. Bu bağlaçlar (So: bu yüzden,
To/In order to: -mek için, Because: çünkü) özellikle
Giving Reasons and Results sebep-sonuç ilişkisi ifade ederken kullanılır.
(Sebepleri ve Sonuçları Belirtme)
Adam:
Katie: So, we
I think we will should/must
Linda: have water shortages stop wasting
That’s right. We in the future because water sources.
should save the we waste too much
Tom: natural resources, so water.
We shouldn’t our children can use
waste energy to them in the future.
save our Britney: What
environment. do you suggest
we should do?

Albert: Lisa: Yes. There won’t Marc:

What should be enough water. I think Do you think
we do in order there will be serious there will
to survive in an droughts. So, schools be a water
earthquake? should educate students shortage?
Amy: If you want to to use less water.
be safe during an
earthquake, you should
have a first aid kit, Alex: You can take Jenny: I think so.
a battery-powered radio, some precautionary We shouldn’t waste water
some food, enough water, measures in order because it will finish one
and extra batteries at to prevent the day. I think we should
home. Because you may negative effects of an shoulder responsibilities
need them. earthquake. in order to save the world.

160
 NATURAL FORCES
1O UNIT
16. Listen to the news, and answer the 17. Match the verbs with their definitions.
questions.
1. 2. 3.
One of the most important problems of our planet cause destroy exactly
face today is global warming. Many human activities
cause greenhouse gases. Scientists agree that these 5.
4.
activities make the greenhouse effect stronger. produce
increase
Cutting down trees, burning oil and natural gas,
and using aerosol sprays produce a lot of carbon
dioxide. More greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
make the Earth warmer. This is called global a. for certain
warming. Even a little increase, will destroy some b. to become greater in amount, or number
habitats. In the future, the effects of global warming
will be different around the world. Some places will c. to create something
become drier, and others will be wetter. There will d. to damage something badly
be storms, floods, and drought. However, scientists
e. to make something happen
do not exactly know which areas will be affected. So,
we should do something and save our planet.
18. Write the causes of global warming under
the pictures.
1 2

.............................................. ..............................................
3 4

.............................................. ..............................................

What makes the greenhouse effect stronger? 19. What should we do to stop global warming?
Make a list of actions that we should/
................................................................................... shouldn’t do.

What causes the increase in the level of We should… We shouldn’t…

carbon dioxide?
...................................................................................

What is global warming?

...................................................................................
161
 UNIT 1O NATURAL FORCES
READING

20. Read the text about natural disasters, and 21. Read the text and decide if the statements
answer the questions. are True () or False().
Natural disasters happen all over the world and they can be
destructive. They sometimes cause injuries and death. The main
reason for natural disasters is nature and we can’t do anything to 1. A tornado isn’t a dangerous natural
prevent them. All we should do is take some precautions before they disaster.
happen. Here are some of the worst natural disasters:
2. Drought happens when there is dry
weather and water shortage.
A tornado is a storm with a funnel of 3. A natural disaster can be extremely
spinning winds. It reaches up to 300 miles
dangerous for people.
per hour (482 km/hour). Tornadoes can lift
and destroy objects on their paths. Moreover, 4. Natural disasters happen only in a part of
a tornado moves very quickly (70 miles or 110 the world.
km/hour) and its path is unpredictable. It is
5. Tsunamis happen in the inner parts of the
risky to try to get near such a storm.
lands.
22. Tick the natural disasters mentioned in
this text.

Tsunamis happen mostly in oceans

because of earthquakes or undersea
volcanic eruptions. Large waves can hit
villages far away from the earthquake
center. You should keep away from
beaches during a tsunami.
1 2 3

Drought is a period of dry weather and

a shortage of water. It can damage crops,
but its effects change according to the
area. Drought causes a shortage of plants
and animals. Lack of water can cause
4 5
some health problems. We need water 23. Write the correct highlighted words for
and food to survive. the definitions below.
1. ……………….. the cultivated produce of the ground
2. ……………….. a calamity, catastrophe occurring suddenly
1. What is a tornado?
……….....………………………………………………….............…………… 3. ……………….. a route or track along which something

2. Where does a tsunami occur? moves

……….....………………………………………………….............…………… 4. ……………….. a measure taken in advance
3. What are the effects of drought? 5. ……………….. the ejection of molten rock, steam, etc.,
……….....………………………………………………….............…………… as from a volcano
162
 FUN PAGE

NATURAL FORCES
1O UNIT
24. How eco-friendly are you? Tick () the
questionnaire.

1. I use eco-friendly bags for shopping.

Evaluation:
2. I put paper, glass, and cans into recycling bins.
Ticks more than 10: You are a real
3. I join campaigns to plant trees.
planet protector.
4. I usually turn the heater down on warm days. Ticks between 4-9: You can be an
5. I never buy products that contain aerosol sprays. eco-friendly student if you respect
6. I prefer public transportation to travel. the nature more.
7. I use rechargeable batteries at home. Ticks less than 3: You should be
more careful about using the natural
8. I prefer using energy-saving light lamps at home.
resources.
9. I turn off the water while I’m brushing my teeth.
10. I always use both sides of a sheet of paper.
11. I never leave my room before I switch off the lights.
12. I take water in a container instead of buying bottled
water.

25. Find the natural forces in the grid.

T Q L P I G L X M E K D

S A S A K M T V A N L R
1. Avalanche
2. Drought E U V E N G A R A I P O
3. Earthquake
4. Erosion R I R A T D T N G Z R U
5. Flood
O I T Y L H S H U F T G
6. Forest fire
7. Hurricane F Z Z N Q A T L E S X H
8. Landslide
9. Lightning D G L U J N N D I E T T
10. Tornado
T R A T I K S C O D I T
11. Tsunami
12. Volcanic eruption N K V N R H X P H O E T

E S G N O I S O R E L J

U H U R R I C A N E M F

O D A N R O T T R S T J
163
 UNIT 1O NATURAL FORCES
CONSOLIDATION

1. Read the dialogue, and answer the question. 3. Read the information, and answer the question.
Wilma: What are your predictions for the future of the
world?
Roger: There will be some environmental problems Causes of global warming
such as drought and deforestation.
Wilma: _ _ _ _? 1. Cutting down trees and destroying the
Roger: We can start a campaign to inform everyone. forests
Wilma: _ _ _ _?
2. Glaciers melt and sea level rises
Roger: I think it is deforestation.
Wilma: _ _ _ _? 3. Using aerosol sprays and producing
Roger: People cut down trees or transform forests into carbon dioxide
farmlands. We should take action to protect our
planet. Otherwise, there will not be enough oxygen. 4. Climate change and biodiversity loss

Which of the following questions does Wilma NOT

ask Roger?
a. What causes deforestation
b. What is drought
c. What is the most threatening problem
d. What should we do to stop them
Which of the following are not causes of global
warming?
a. 1-2 c. 3-4
b. 2-3 d. 2-4

2. Look at the chart, read the information, and answer

the question.

According to the statistics, the following environmental

problems are the most critical ones: 4. Read the speech bubble, and complete the sentence.

50
40 Volcanos are amazing formations that erupt
liquid rock. It is called lava. Volcanos send
30
rocks and ash through the air. Active volcanos
20 threaten everybody around them. Many people
10 get hurt or even killed during an eruption. A
volcanic eruption affects people living around
0 the volcano, but the lava can be destructive for
Air Global Ozone Using fossil places far away from the volcano.
pollution warming depletion fuels

Which of the following is CORRECT according to the

information above?

a. Global warming is riskier than using fossil fuels.
b. Air pollution is more dangerous than ozone
depletion.
c. Using fossil fuels is the most critical problem.
d. Ozone depletion is not a big problem for the
Earth.
164
According to the speech bubble, volcanic eruption _ _ _ _.
a. never cause any death or injuries
b. can be destructive for the neighborhood
c. is an amazing formation for human beings
d. seldom affects people and the environment
CONSOLIDATION
NATURAL FORCES
5. Read the information, and answer the question.
Katie: I think it is one of the worst disasters.
It can hit the coasts of the oceans with huge
waves higher than ten meters. They usually
occur just after a strong earthquake. The effects
are fatal because hundreds of people may die
or get severely injured during this catastrophe.
Which disaster does Katie talk about?
a. Volcanic eruption c. Hurricane
b. Tsunami d. Avalanche
Read the information, and answer questions 6-7.
According to recent research, some disasters cause
more damage. They also affect people negatively,
because people die or get lost during these disasters.
The earthquake in 1997, the Irma Hurricane in Florida,
the tsunami in Thailand, and the flood in Antalya are
some examples. Here are the results:
Earthquake Hurricane Tsunami Flood
Level of
TTTTT TTTT TTT TT
danger
Cost for
20 billion 6 billion 11 billion 4 billion
the city/
$ $ $ $
country
6. According to the information above, _ _ _ _.
a. flood doesn’t harm cities or countries
b. the hurricane is the most dangerous disaster
c. tsunami is riskier than an earthquake
d. dangerous disasters cost more for cities
7. Earthquake and Tsunami _ _ _ _.
a. are more dangerous than hurricane
b. are less dangerous than flood
c. caused more economical damage
d. doesn’t cost any damage in cities
1O UNIT
8. Read the text, and answer the question.
Tornadoes can happen at any time of the year,
but they are common during the spring and early
summer. A tornado is “a dark funnel-shaped
cloud and rotating winds that can reach speeds
of up to 300 miles per hour.”
Which of the following does NOT exist in the dialogue?
a. c.
b. d.
Read the text, and answer questions 9-10.
Environmental factors cause extreme and sudden
disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, and
tsunamis. These events injure people and damage
property. For example, a destructive earthquake
happened in Izmit on August 17th. The magnitude of
the earthquake was 7.4 and it lasted less than one
minute. Unfortunately, more than 17.000 people died
and 50.000 people became homeless. Tornadoes
are more often in central and southern America.
They cause more than 5 billion $ of damage and
hundreds of injuries. Many people had to leave their
homes. During the tsunami in Thailand in 2004,
nearly 230,000 people died, making it one of the
deadliest disasters in modern history.
9. During the earthquake in Turkey, _ _ _ _.
a. 230,000 people died
b. the magnitude was 7,4
c. 17,000 people left homeless
d. they report 5 billion $ damage
10. Which of the following is INCORRECT according to
the information above?
a. The earthquake in İzmit was the worst.
b. The tsunami caused more than 200,000
people to die
c. Tornadoes cause a lot of damage in America
d. An earthquake happened on the 17th of August
in Turkey 165
 ANSWER KEY
UNIT 1 25.
1. 1. Khan’s Fine Dining Restaurant in Manchester.
1. Lisa 2. Norman 3. Jamie 4. Frank 5. Nina 6. Ann 7. Sue 8. Jenny 2. half-past six / 18:30. 3. £35 4. reunion 5. deadline
9. Dave 10. Kevin 11. Ruth 12. Carl 26.
2. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T
1. f 2. a 3. h 4. c 5. e 6. g 7. d 8. b 27.
3. 1. Place/Venue/Location 2. Entrance fee/Price 3. Senders /Inviters
1. bring 2. argue 3. backs up 4. adventurous 5. attend 6. invite 4. Invitees/Receivers 5. Date
7. excuse 8. share 28.
4. 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. f 5. e 6. d
1. d 2. g 3. h 4. b 5. a 6. e 7. f 8. c 29.
5. Across: 2. Event 6. Awesome 7. Count on 8. Back up 10. Sleepover
1. mates 2. reliable 3. supports 4. honest 5. common Down: 1. Invitee 3. Response 4. Argue 5. Accept 9. Attend
6. 30.
1. c 2. b 3. e 4. g 5. a 6. f 7. h 8. Students’ answers.
d
7.
1. a 2. d 3. b 4. c 5. d 6. b 7. a 8. c
8.
A good friend should be: a-c-e-f-i-m-n-o-q-t A good friend should
NOT be: b-d-g-h-j-k-l-p-r-s
9.
1. d 2. a 3. e 4. b 5. c
10.
1. Linda 2. Mary 3. Wilma 4. Jenny 4. Jenny 5. Judy
11.
1. Let’s 2. busy 3. visiting 4. awesome 5. unreliable
12.
1. Would you like to join my birthday party? 2. Would you like
some fruit juice? 3. What kind of movies do you like watching?
4. The sports club is organizing a bowling tournament on Friday
afternoon. 5. That would be great but my cousin is coming over at
the weekend. CONSOLIDATION
13. 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B
1. c 2. d 3. b 4. a 5. f 6. e 9. B 10. D
14.
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T UNIT 2
15. 1.
b-concert 1. u 2. d 3. p 4. o 5. r 6. j 7. f 8. b 9. l 10. m 11. v 12. c 13. w 14. k 15. t
16. 16. a 17. g 18. e 19. y 20. q 21. n 22. x 23. h 24. i 25. S
1. At half-past six. 2. At the city hall. 3. She accepted her offer. 4. She 2.
feels happy and excited. 5. They will eat out and chit-chat at a café. School: a-e-k-l-t Family: d-p-s-u-v Free Time: b-c-d-g-i-m-n-o-p-r-w-x
17. 3.
1. Relaxed 2. Definitely / Of course / Sure. 3. Talk 4. Great 5. Close 1. b 2. e 3. f 4. a 5. c 6. g 7. d 8. h
friend 4.
18. 1. keen on 2. gained 3. compass 4. member 5. travel 6. drawing 7.
Students’ answers. traditional 8. duties
19. 5.
Menu: Starter: 4-7-10 Salad: 1-14-15 Main Course: 3-8-11-12 Dessert: 1. d 2. h 3. a 4. b 5. e 6. g 7. f 8. c
2-5-13 Beverage: 6-9-16 6.
20. 1. thrillers – animations 2. rap 3. Tuesdays 4. rests 5. joins the chess
1. d 2. c 3. f 4. a 5. b 6. e course
21. 7.
1-3-4-6-8-10 1. lives 2. is 3. wakes 4. goes 5. doesn’t like 6. buys 7. eats 8. start
22. 9. stays 10. joins 11. is 12. meets 13. watch 14. prefers 15. don’t love
1. Because Eileen keeps her secrets. 2. They have slumber parties, 16. enjoy 17. arrives 18. has 19. does 20. plays
go to concerts and book fairs, watch films, and study together. 3. 8.
Tina 4. Romance films. 5. They go to a café and drink coffee. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
23. 9.
1. Reliable 2. Polite 3. Support 4. Friend, buddy 5. Trust 6. Slumber 1. usually 2. often 3. never 4. hardly ever 5. never
7. Clever 8. Join 10.
24. 1. What 2. What Time 3. Where 4. How often 5. Why
1. Honest 2. Slumber party 3. Book fair 4. Share 5. Romance 6. Relaxed 11.
a. 6 b. 2 c. 3 d. 5 e. 4 f. 1
166
12. UNIT 3
Students’ answers. 1.
13. 1. Steam 2. Bake 3. Roast 4. Boil 5. Grill 6. Fry
1. My brother usually wakes up late on Sunday mornings. 2. I always 2.
do my homework and read a book before I sleep. 3. Rose practices 1. j 2. e 3. i 4. b 5. d 6. h 7. c 8. k
Pilates at the gym twice a week. 4. My father prefers reading the 9. l 10. g 11. a 12. f
news online. 5. Ron and Emma are fond of watching fantasy films. 3.
14. 1. Bitter 2. Creamy 3. Hot 4. Oily 5. Salty 6. Sour 7. Spicy 8. Sweet
1. c 2. a 3. b 4. e 5. d 4.
15. 1. i 2. c 3. d 4. j 5. b 6. a 7. e 8. k
1. sometimes 2. never 3. seldom/hardly ever 4. once 5. never 9. l 10. g 11. f 12. h
16. 5.
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. F 8. T 1. Whisk 2. Spread 3. Slice 4. Melt 5. Squeeze 6. Sprinkle 7. Peel
17. 8. Marinate 9. Dice 10. Chop 11. Mash 12. Crack 13. Knead 14. Pour
1. often 2. never 3. always 4. never 5. seldom/rarely 6.
18. 1. b 2. d 3. c 4. h 5. e 6. a 7. g 8. f
1. Richard prefers listening to rock to (listening to) jazz. 2. He prefers 7.
reading sci-fi books to travel books. 3. He prefers the concert to the Bake: 7-12-14 Fry: 1-2-3-4-8-10-11 Steam: 6-15 Boil: 1-2-3-4-5-6-9-
cinema. 4. He prefers going trekking to fishing. 11-13 Roast: 1-2-8-11 Grill: 1-2-4-8-9-10-11
19. 8.
1. Kaş 2. Every year. 3. Rüzgâr 4. A compass, pocketknife, torch, tent, 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. b 6. c 7. d 8. a
sleeping bags, and rope. 5. They sit around the campfire and tell stories. 9.
20. 1. describe 2. tablespoons 3. delicious 4. slice 5. dice 6. grate 7.
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T mixture 8. tray
21. 10.
1. basic 2. duty 3. fond of 4. organizes 5. trekking 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T
22. 11.
1-2-5 a-b-d-e-g
23. 12.
1. 08:15 2. 15:30 3. She has a shower. 4. Once a week. 5. She has a Students’ answers.
rest. 13.
24. 4-2-6-5-7-8-3-1
1. 18:00 2. Gets up 3. attends the chess club 4. 30 minutes/half an 14.
hour 5. watches TV – writes in her diary 1. First of all, 2. Then 3. After that 4. Then 5. Next 6. Finally
25. 15.
1. Play chess 2. Do homework 3. Join classes 4. Get dressed 5. Rest 1. Flour, sugar, baking powder, milk, butter, eggs, chocolate, and
26. cream. 2. Oven, whisker, bowl, cake pan, saucepan, and spoon.
1. b 2. c 3. e 4. d 5. f 6. a 3. 20 minutes.
27. 16.
1. E 2. D 3. A 4. H 5. F 6. C 7. B 8. G 1. Before 2. Before 3. After 4. Before 5. Before 6. Before 7. After 8.
Before
17.
P H S T J J D V R R 1. II 2. II 3. I 4. I 5. I 6. I
18.
U R A R I Q L E A I 1. d 2. a 3. c 4. b 5. g 6. e 7. f 8. h
I Q S R V T G C M D
19.
1. A chunk of 2. two large 3. a bunch of 4. half a 5. a green 6. a teaspoon
P S U C M U L C X I of 7. a slice of tasty 8. a bowl of 9. a packet of Italian 10. 500 gr
20.
F B N V L O G E Z C 1. g 2. j 3. b 4. f 5. i 6. a 7. c 8. d
G G Z A P S N B H U
9. e 10. h
21.
E T R E N D Y I Z L 1. i 2. h 3. c 4. j 5. g 6. b 7. f 8. a
9. e 10. d
C I F I R R E T C O
22.
E L B A R A E B N U 1. Nearly ten minutes. 2. Pour the mixture into the pan. 3. A large
onion, two peppers, three tomatoes, oil, butter, salt, black pepper,
T R A I N I N G J S and two eggs. 4. A pan, a whisker, and a knife. 5. She dice all of
them.
28. Students’ answers. 23.
CONSOLIDATION 1. d 2. e 3. a 4. f 5. c 6. b
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. D 24.
9. C 10. D 1. b 2. d 3. e 4. c 5. a

167
 ANSWER KEY
25. 17.
1. For 4 people. 2. 4 pieces of cheese (200gr). 3. 17 minutes. 4. A 1. Wear his school uniform 2. Make a phone call 3. Buy a book
large onion, 2 bell peppers, 3 tomatoes, and 2 cloves of garlic. 4. Do shopping 5. Travel to another location 6. Text a message
26. 18.
1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 1. F 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. E
27. 19.
1-2-4 1F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. F
28. 20.
a. Gülden b. Mariette c. Carol Students’ answers.
29. 21.
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. F 1. 25 2. 6 3. phone calls 4. other 5. text messages
30. 22.
1. b 2. a 3. d 4. e 5. c 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T
FUN PAGE 23.
a. 3 b. 1 c. 2 d. 7 e. 5 f. 6 g. 8 h. 4 1. They used telegrams, birds, and smoke signals to send
CONSOLIDATION messages. 2. They are expensive, addictive, and risky. 3. For
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B shopping, communicating, having fun, and many other purposes.
9. B 10. D 4. Yes. Someone may steal your password and data. 5. A. Graham
Bell 6. Students’ answers.
UNIT 4
1. 24.
1. a 2. h 3. g 4. b 5. d 6. f 7. e 8. c Pros: easy to carry - Internet connection - easy way of keeping in
2. touch - useful for many tasks
1. a 2. b 3. d 4. g 5. h 6. e 7. c 8. f Cons: expensive - loss of concentration – addiction - security risks
3. 25.
1. Calm down 2. How 3. unavailable 4. message 5. purposes 1. Dial 2. Engaged 3. Memo 4. Appointment 5. Extension
6. advantageous 26.
4. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T
1. communicate 2. video 3. call 4. face to face 5. applications 27.
6. social 7. share 8. answer Speaks with: Robert-Mia, Danny-Sue, Arthur-Lisa / Speaks about:
5. Robert-Shopping list, Danny-Doctor’s appointment,
1. I’d like to make a flight reservation from Berlin to London. 2. I’m Arthur-Restaurant reservation
afraid he’s not available at the moment. 3. Could you repeat the 28.
phone number, please? 4. Could you put me through to Mr. Black, 1. e 2. H 3. F 4. J 5. i 6. B 7. C 8. D
please? 5. Please leave a message after the beep. 6. Is there 9. A 10. G
anything else that I can help you with? 29.
6. Students’ answers. (A reference list: 1. Duolingo 2. Google maps
1. smart 2. Crazy 3. Cool 4. Angry 5. Scared 6. Happy 7. Worried 3. Facebook/Instagram 4. Yemek Sepeti 5. Trendyol/Hepsiburada
8. Surprised 9. Bored 10. Embarrassed 11. Sleepy 12. Upset Applications 6. Google Translate 7. Spotify 8. YouTube
7. 30.
1. Jamie 2. Wendy 3. Bilge 4. Rüzgâr 5. Gülden 6. Beyza 7. Terry Students’ answers.
8. Linda CONSOLIDATION
8. 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B
1. c 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. b 9. B 10. C
9. UNIT 5
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 1.
10. 1. t 2. i 3. h 4. p 5. j 6. n 7. c 8. s
1. c 2. h 3. j 4. i 5. f 6. d 7. b 8. e 9. r 10. k 11. b 12. q 13. g 14. o 15. f 16. l
9. g 10. a
17. e 18. m 19. a 20. d
11.
2.
1. certificate of vaccination 2. secretary 3. Wendy 4. six o’clock 5.
1. Katie 2. Ryan 3. Lisa 4. Meg 5. Max 6. Adam 7. Anthony 8. Marc
forgot her phone
3.
12.
1. i 2. j 3. a 4. h 5. f 6. g 7. c 8. e
a. 2 b. 5 c. 3 d. 4 e. 7 f. 8 g. 6 h. 1
9. b 10. d
13.
4.
1. put you through 2. holding the line 3. application 4. cellular phone
1. share 2. chat 3. connection 4. addict 5. Internet 6. site 7. blogging
5. memo
Matching: a. 5 b. 3 c. 1 d. 2 e. 4 8. online
14. 5.
1. will 2. will 3. am going to 4. will 5. will 6. am going to 1. log in 2. commercial 3. research 4. attach 5. accounts 6. engine
15. 6.
1. will 2. will/will/won’t 3. going to 4. going to 5. Will 1. a 2. d 3. c 4. h 5. e 6. g 7. j 8. b
16. 9. f 10. i
Students’ answers. 7.
1. b 2. f 3. a 4. e 5. c 6. D
168
8. UNIT 6
1. pay the bills 2. check my e-mails 3. upload photos 4. go offline 1.
5. online course 6. surf the Net 1. i 2. v 3. w 4. j 5. b 6. c 7. t 8. s
9. 9. k 10. l 11. h 12. m 13. p 14. e 15. q 16. r
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 17. f 18. x 19. d 20. y 21. n 22. g 23. a 24. o
10. 25. U
b–d–e 2.
11. 1. d 2. c 3. f 4. a 5. g 6. i 7. e 8. h
Students‘ answers. 9. j 10. b
12. 3.
1. B 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. D 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. e 5. D
13.
4.
1. Do you need help with online shopping? 2. Why don’t you send me
1. Safer 2. Traditional 3. Destinations 4. Underwater hockey
an e-mail? 3. I am terribly sorry but I must finish this project. 4. Would
you like to watch my new video? 5. Visit our school’s website and 5. Highlining 6. Entertaining
download documents. 5.
14. A. 1. b 2. a 3. d 4. e 5. c 6. f
A. 1. What do you mean 2. I mean 3. Do you mean B. 1. amusing 2. challenging 3. fascinating 4. incredible 5. mysterious 6. Safe
B: 1. Do you mean 2. I mean 3. What do you mean 6.
15. 1. parachute 2. goggles 3. surfboard 4. helmet 5. paddles 6.
1. c 2. a 3. e 4. d 5. b Backpack
16. Matching: 1. Caving 2. Mountain biking 3. Paragliding 4. Rafting
1. access the Internet 2. personal information 3. Do you mean 5. Underwater hockey 6. Windsurfing
4. What do you mean 7.
17. 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. G 5. B 6. E 7. F 8. H
1. because 2. so 3. but 4. and 5. but 6. because 7. and 8. So 8.
18. 6-5-2-1-3-4
1. She wants them to subscribe to her vlog. 2. Kevin, Mandy, and 9.
Kate. 3. Danny and Peter. 4. She shares cooking videos. 5. Because 1. I prefer canoeing to cycling. 2. I would rather fly than climb. 3.
she wants to learn new recipes.
I prefer underwater hockey to surfing. 4. I prefer going kayaking
19.
because it is adventurous. 5. I would rather not do extreme sports.
Surf on the Internet: Alicia/Patrick/Gina, Do online shopping: Gina, Watch
films online: Alicia, Practice language: Alicia, Share pictures/information: 10.
Alicia/Patrick, Send e-mails: Alicia, Check notifications/posts: Alicia/ 1. prefer 2. prefer 3. would rather 4. would rather 5. prefers 6. prefer
Patrick, Pay the bills: Gina, Download files: Alicia/Patrick/Gina 11.
20. adam 2. Mike 3. Kite surfing 4. Base jumping 5. Mike
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. T 12.
21. t 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F
1. Attachment 2. Delete 3. Deliver 4. Desktop 5. Notification 13.
22. 1. more popular 2. more difficult 3. more enjoyable 4. harder-more
1. fun 2. play games 3. tablets 4. Adults 5. purposes challenging 5. crazier 6. entertaining
23. 14.
1. Adults 2. Teens 3. Children 4. Teens 5. Adults 1. Andrew prefers heli-skiing to snowboarding. 2. Amy doesn’t prefer
24. caving to jeep safari. 3. Martin would rather not do canoeing than
1. Adults 2. Teens 3. Teens/Adults 4. Adults 5. Children 6. Adults hang-gliding. 4. Lisa would rather try climbing than kite-surfing.
7. Teens 8. Teens 5. Jason prefers skydiving to rock climbing. 6. Emily would rather
25. train windsurfing than skateboarding.
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F
15.
26.
1. riskier 2. more entertaining 3. more fascinating 4. more
1. Through her smartphone. 2. Yes, he does. 3. He surfs the
websites, chats with friends, listens to music, visits social challenging 5. safer 6. more mysterious
networking sites, and updates his blog. 4. He shares posts, pictures, 16.
and videos. 5. Students’ answers. 1. d 2. c 3. e 4. b 5. a 6. f
27. 17.
a. 3 b. 2 c. 4 d. 1 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F
28. 18.
1. b 2. a 3. d 4. c A. 1. password 2. strangers 3. careful 4. posts 1. riding an elephant 2. less 3. other sports 4. riding an elephant and
5. browse B. 2-3-5 kayaking 5. base jumping
29. 19.
1. blog 2. E-mail 3. abbreviations 4. Emoticons 5. service provider 1. Isabel 2. Tom 3. Frank 4. Victoria 5. Isabel
6. Combine 20.
30. 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B
1. Download 2. Upload 3. Social media 4. Log in 5. Log out 21.
6. Attachment 7. Account 8. Wireless 9. Share 10. Confirm 1. Because it is more adventurous and more amusing than the other
CONSOLIDATION sports. 2. €10 3. 14 4. He joins weekend journeys in Russia. 5. He is
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B
crazy about water sports.
9. C 10. A
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 ANSWER KEY
22. 14.
1-3 1. He went to Budapest. 2. Meat 3. Buda Castle. 4. No, he doesn’t.
23. 5. Because he likes cultural diversity. 6. Students’ answers.
1. skateboarding and bungee jumping 2. skydiving and Heli-skiing 15.
24. 1. have tried 2. have visited 3. Have been 4. have done
1-4-5 5. haven’t planned 6. have done 7. have done 8. have been
25. 16.
a. 2 b. 3 c. 1 1. has 2. cooked 3. ever 4. seen 5. done 6. has 7. eaten 8. visited
26. 17.
1. kayaking 2. team 3. paragliding 4. water 5. Spain 6. Muğla 1. be-was/were-been 2. do-did-done 3. have-had-had
27. 4. eat-ate-eaten 5. drink-drank-drunk 6. see-saw-seen
1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T 7. ride-rode-ridden 8. make-made-made
28. 18.
1. D 2. B 3. E 4. A 5. C 6. F 1. Hottest 2. Most crowded 3. Most interesting 4. Oldest
29. 5. The cheapest
1. Paddle 2. Swimsuit 3. Knee/elbow pad 4. Skis 5. Goal 6. Racket 19.
30. 1. Coldest 2. More expensive 3. Cheapest 4. Hotter 5. Cheaper
Students’ answers. 20.
CONSOLIDATION 1. Kuala Lumpur. 2. No, it isn’t. 3. You can use public transportation.
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B (Bus, train, tram, sightseeing tour bus.) 4. the Hotel Majestic.
9. D 10. C 5. Petronas Twin Towers, the Bukit Bintang shopping district, the
Kuala Lumpur Tower, Petaling Street (Chinatown), the Merdeka
UNIT 7
Square, the Kuala Lumpur railway station, the House of Parliament
1.
building, and the National Palace (Istana Negara).
1. i 2. o 3. p 4. e 5. h 6. m 7. g 8. l
21.
9. a 10. n 11. k 12. f 13. c 14. j 15. b 16. d
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T
2.
22.
1. Fascinating 2. Famous for 3. Destinations 4. Historic 5. Religious
1. b 2. a 3. e 4. c 5. d
6. Capital
23.
3.
1. Illinois 2. skyscraper 3. expensive 4. deep-dish pizza 5. Tower
1. John 2. Patrick 3. Brad 4. Linda 5. Emily
24.
4.
D
1. h 2. i 3. b 4. c 5. a 6. f 7. j 8. e
25.
9. g 10. d
1. C 2. B 3. F 4. A 5. E 6. D
5.
26.
1. Orkhon Inscriptions date back to the Göktürks. 2. There are lots
1. €450. 2. Topkapı Palace, Hagia Sofia, Blue Mosque, Sultanahmet
of incredible buildings in this city. 3. Seychelles are popular tropical
Square, Galata Tower, and Dolmabahçe Museum. 3. 2 nights/3 days.
islands on the east coast of Africa. 4. Lisbon is the capital city of
4. No, they aren’t. 5. At 5-star or boutique hotels. 6. You can call
Portugal. 5. The climate in Hawaii is tropical so it’s always warm.
02161234567 or send an e-mail to info@touristanbul.com.
6. Have you ever been abroad?
27.
6.
1. destination 2. attractions 3. expenses 4. boutique hotels
1. f 2. e 3. d 4. c 5. a 6. b
5. Roman Heritage and Ottoman Marvels
7.
28.
Accommodation: 2-4-8-19 / Geographical term: 9-10-11-17 /
1. Blue Mosque 2. Dolmabahçe Museum 3. Galata Tower
Transportation: 6-7-18-28 / Location: 1-5-16-20 / Cuisine: 3-21-23-30
4. Hagia Sofia 5. Topkapı Palace
/ Capital city: 12-15-27-31 / Climate: 13-14-22-29 / Tourist attraction:
29.
24-25-26-32
Students’ answers.
8.
30.
1. What type of vacations 2. interesting structures 3. more expensive
1. l 2. f 3. d 4. j 5. b 6. a 7. k 8. h
4. It was freezing 5. beach holiday
9. c 10. e 11. k 12. g
9.
CONSOLIDATION
1. b 2. a 3. c 4. e 5. d
1. a 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. b 6. c 7. b 8. b
10.
9. d 10. c
1. Düden Waterfall 2. The Old Town 3. Aspendos Amphitheater
4. Aquarium 5. Phaselis 6. Damlataş Cave 7. Cleopatra Beach UNIT 8
8. Beach Park 1A
11. 1. j 2. b 3. h 4. c 5. o 6. k 7. f 8. g
1. destinations 2. monument 3. rural 4. weather 5. southeast 9. l 10. d 11. n 12. i 13. m 14. p 15. e 16. a
6. landmarks 1B.
12. 1. C 2. L 3. E 4.i 5. D 6. H 7. J 8. F
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. T 9. A 10. G 11. K 12. B
13. 2.
Students’ answers. Students’ answers.

170
3. 26.
1. Chores 2. Prepare 3. Dishwasher 4. Garbage 5. Bathroom 6. Grocery 1. Lisa 2. Amy 3. Amy 4. Harry 5. Jack, Lisa, and Amy
4. 6. He has to wash the dishes.
1. d 2. c 3. e 4. a 5. b 6. h 7. g 8. f 27.
9. J 10. i 1. Kate 2. Jack 3. Amy, Harry, and Katie 4. Fred 5. Jack 6. Max
5. 28.
1. e 2. b 3. f 4. c 5. d 6. a 1. Jack, Katie, Max, Lisa 2. Fred, Amy, Harry 3. Katie, Jack
6. 4. Lisa, Jack, Katie, Max 5. Jack, Lisa, Amy
1. My father is in charge of washing the car. 2. I always help my 29.
parents around the house. 3. We mustn’t run in the school corridors. Students’ answers.
4. I am responsible for taking out the garbage. 5. We always share 30.
the chores at home. 6. Do you have to do any chores at home? 1. Make the bed 2. Load the dishwasher 3. Do the laundry
7. 4. Vacuum the carpet 5. Prepare meals 6. Dry the dishes
1. b 2. a 3. f 4. g 5. e 6. d 7. h 8. C 7. Set the table 8. Pay the bills 9. Mow the lawn
8. 10. Take out the rubbish 11. Rake the leaves 12. Clean the windows
1. Sweeping the leaves and putting them in the rubbish bin. 13. Sweep the floor 14. Wash the car 15. Look after children
2. Setting the table, emptying the dishwasher, dusting the shelves, CONSOLIDATION
and cleaning up the bathroom. 3. He should set the table and 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. D
empty the dishwasher. 4. Yes, he does. He has to sweep the leaves 9. B 10. C
and put them in the rubbish bin. 5. Students’ answers. UNIT 9
9. 1.
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. F 1. g 2. j 3. p 4. i 5. h 6. b 7. c 8. f
10. 9. l 10. k 11. a 12. n 13. e 14. m 15. d 16. o
1. Friday-Saturday 2. Tuesday-Thursday-Saturday-Sunday 2.
3. Wednesday 4. Wednesday 5. Wednesday-Saturday-Sunday 1. l 2. a 3. f 4. i 5. b 6. k 7. e 8. c
11. 9. h 10. j 11. d 12. g
1. must 2. mustn’t 3. must 4. mustn’t 5. must 6. must 7. must 3.
8. mustn’t Discoveries: 1-5-7-10-12-14-16-19-21-23
12. Inventions: 2-3-4-6-8-9-11-13-15-17-18-20-22-24-25
School/Library Rules: 1-4-5-6-8-11-14-15-16-18-19-20 Household 4.
Chores: 2-3-7-9-10-12-13-17 1. invention 2. cell 3. medicine 4. well-known 5. achievements
13. 6. prototypes 7. compass 8. radiation 9. inventors 10. vaccination
1. you must listen to your teacher carefully. 2. You mustn’t tell lies 11. invented 12. planet
to your friends. 3. You must keep quiet in the reading room. 4. You 5.
mustn’t disturb others in the library. 5. You must throw rubbish in the a. 8 b. 11 c. 1 d. 2 e. 9 f. 6 g. 10 h. 3
bin. 6. You mustn’t fight with your friends. i. 7 j. 5 k. 4 l. 12
14. 6.
1. must 2. have to 3. mustn’t 4. must 5. must 6. must 7. have to 1. a 2. e 3. g 4. c 5. h 6. b 7. i 8. j
8. must 9. have to 10. mustn’t 9. d 10. f
15. 7.
We must: 1-2-3-6-7-8 We mustn’t: 4-5 1. j 2. a 3. e 4. c 5. f 6. g 7. d 8. h
16. 9. b 10. i
1. Amy-Ann 2. Amy 3. Nick 4. Laura 5. Adam 8.
17. 1. Stephen W. Hawking was a brilliant theoretical physicist.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. F 2. I’m operating the machine. 3. Doctors are trying to find a cure for
18. cancer. 4. Einstein is a well-known genius. 5. Marie Curie discovered
1. mowing 2. grocery shopping 3. dust 4. clothes 5. ironing radium and polonium. 6. Scientists are working on exploring the
19. planets like Mars.
Students’ answers. 9.
20. 1. Mill 2. Bronze 3. Hieroglyphics 4. Papyrus 5. Ink 6. Calendar
1. She will tidy up the kitchen, set the table, load the dishwasher and 10.
clean the bathroom. 2. He tidies up his toys, takes out the garbage, 1. papyrus 2. Bronze 3. records 4. hieroglyphics 5. calendar 6. plow
and feeds the dog. 3. Gülden and Rüzgâr. 4. Bilge. 5. Rüzgâr. 11.
21. 1-2-5-7
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. F 12.
22. 1. designing 2. conducting 3. looking 4. searching 5. taking
1-3-5 6. observing 7. putting 8. operating
23. 1. garden 2. never 3. taking out the garbage 4. washing machine 13.
5. do shopping 6. do the laundry 1. is preparing 2. are working 3. is looking 4. is studying 5. are trying
24. 6. are conducting 7. is examining 8. am teaching
1. c 2. a 3. f 4. b 5. e 6. d 14.
25. 1. are 2. doing 3. is 4. The workers 5. is 6. are
Students’ answers.
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 ANSWER KEY
15. 9.
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 1. j 2. c 3. g 4. f 5. e 6. b 7. d 8. h
9. B 10. C 9. i 10. A
16. 10.
1. invented 2. made 3. patented 4. became 5. didn’t believe 1. Air pollution 2. Deforestation 3. Exhaust fumes 4. Melting of
6. used 7. conducted 8. was glaciers 5. Overpopulation 6. Ozone depletion 7. Photosynthesis
17. 8. Recycling 9. Toxic waste 10. Wind tribunes
1. failures 2. inventor 3. Prize 4. science 5. Louis Pasteur 11.
6. operations 7. illnesses 8. inventions 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c
18. 12.
1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 7-1-6-4-2-5-3
19. 13.
Willis Carrier: Air conditioner, Guglielmo Marconi: Radio, Mary 1. will 2. will 3. should 4. will 5. should 6. should 7. will 8. should
Anderson: Sliding automatic door, John Logie Baird: Television, Lew 14.
Hewitt: Windshield wiper 1. h 2. b 3. c 4. d 5. f 6. a 7. e 8. g
20. 15.
1. artificial leg 2. Robot Sofia 3. Sliding automatic door 4. Radio 1. Should 2. Should 3. Shouldn’t 4. Should 5. Should 6. Shouldn’t
5. Bionic eye 7. Should 8. Shouldn’t
21. 16.
1. electricity 2. medicine 3. Croatia – The USA 4. Scotland 5. scientists 1. Greenhouse gases. 2. Cutting down trees, burning oil and natural
22. gas, and using aerosol sprays. 3. More greenhouse gases in the
Date of Birth: Fleming-1881, Tesla-1856 atmosphere make the Earth warmer.
Date of Death: Fleming-1955, Tesla-1943 17.
Nationality: Fleming-Scottish, Tesla-Croatian 1. e 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. c
Working field: Fleming-Medicine, Tesla-Electricity 18.
Accomplishments Fleming-Penicillin, Tesla-alternating current (AC) 1. Greenhouse gases 2. Aerosol sprays 3. Cutting down trees
23. 4. Burning oil/gas
1. E 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 19.
24. Students’ answers.
1. 1938 2. 1902 3. 1954 4. 1882 5. 1921 6. 1926 7. 1967 20.
8. 1907 9. 1955 10. 1839 1. A tornado is a storm with a funnel of spinning winds. 2. Tsunamis
25. happen mostly in oceans. 3. Drought causes the shortage of plants
Students’ answers. and animals
CONSOLIDATION 21.
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F
9. D 10. C 22.
2-4-5
UNIT 1O
23.
1.
1. Crop 2. Disaster 3. Path 4. Precaution 5. Eruption
1. C 2. E 3. H 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. i 8. J
24.
9. G 10. L 11. F 12. K
Students’ answers.
2.
25.
1. shortage 2. deforestation 3. global warming 4. tsunami 5. hurricane
6. landslide 7. earthquake 8. Greenhouse 9. Pesticides 10. pollution T Q L P I G L X M E K D
3.
1. f 2. a 3. h 4. d 5. i 6. e 7. b 8. j S A S A K M T V A N L R
9. c 10. g E U V E N G A R A I P O
4.
1. a 2. g 3. f 4. c 5. b 6. d 7. e 8. h R I R A T D T N G Z R U

5. O I T Y L H S H U F T G
1. What will life on the Earth be like in the future? 2. I think there
F Z Z N Q A T L E S X H
won’t be enough food or water. 3. What can we do to save nature?
4. D G L U J N N D I E T T
The rescue teams are still searching for the survivors. 5. The main
T R A T I K S C O D I T
forms of pollution are air, water, and land. 6. Global warming is the
increase in the temperature of the Earth. N K V N R H X P H O E T
6. E S G N O I S O R E L J
1. artificial 2. drought 3. earthquakes 4. volcano 5. destroy 6. should
7. global warming 8. off 9. erosion 10. recycle U H U R R I C A N E M F
7. O D A N R O T T R S T J
1. problem 2. threat 3. suggest 4. recycle 5. atmosphere 6. disasters
7. ecosystem 8. extinct 9. planet 10. Precautions CONSOLIDATION
8. 1. b 2. c 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. a
1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 9. b 10. a

172
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