Session 1: Writing Process & Style

Writing Process
Preparing
Drafting
Revising
Editing
Final touch up

Writing Style
Directness, concise, clarity and logical flow
Agent-action positioning
Finding the central idea and positioning
Neutral to sentiment-driven content
Content repurposing
Variety, well-connected, simple sentences

Conciseness

● Communicating in a few words. However, limiting word count does not indicate
conciseness.
● Word choice matters.
● What affects conciseness? Wordiness
● How to avoid it?
● Using key noun (Doer of the action), actin verbs
● Revise: Dustin’s work is an attempt at revision of the upside-down paradox.
● Using active voice (Who or what performs the action)
 SESSION 2 : Organising A message

Memo :

Who ?
What ?
Whom ?
Which medium ?
What effect ?

POTENTIAL BARRIERS TOCOMMUNICATION

Hostility to the conclusion, the communicator, or both
Audience belief that the writer or speaker isn't trustworthy
Lack of background knowledge in the writer-speaker or the audience
Bias in the speaker-writer or in the audience
Ethical and legal issues related to the topic
Power and other organizational issues, such as a speaker addressing an audience over whom
they have no power but nevertheless seeks action from Cultural factors such as different
attitudes toward conflict in the presenter and the
audience

Language issues, such as the inability of audience members to follow someone speaking
too fast

BUILDING AN ARGUMENT

Diagnosis
Evaluation
Decision
E.G
E,G
What should be her information presentation style?

Informative communication
Persuasive communication
 SESSION 3 ; PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE

Paragraphs are the unit of our writing.

Paragraphs can be of varying lengths, but they must present a coherent argument unified under
a single topic.
Paragraphs are hardly ever longer than one page, double-spaced and usually are much shorter.
Lengthy paragraphs usually indicate a lack of structure.
Remedy: Identify the main ideas in the paragraph to see if they make more sense as separate
topics in separate paragraphs.

Shorter paragraphs usually indicate a lack of substance; you don’t have enough evidence or
analysis to prove your point.

Remedy: Develop your idea or integrate the idea into another paragraph.

Topic Sentences

Every paragraph should include a topic sentence that identifies the main idea of the
paragraph. A topic sentence also states the point the writer wishes to make about that
subject. Generally, the topic sentence appears at the beginning of the paragraph. It is
often the paragraph’s very first sentence. However, the position of the topic sentence may
vary depending on the context.
SESSION 4 : PROOF READ

SESSION 5 : WRITING LETTERS EMAIL & MEMOS

REPORT