IGCSE Maths Knowledge Organiser: Lines, angles and shapes

Big Picture: Students gain understanding and confidence in Geometry working with lines, angles, and shapes.

Key Vocabulary

Language Meaning

Angle Consists of two lines that have a common endpoint called the vertex.

Acute angle An angle whose measure is greater than 0° but less than 90°

Obtuse angle An angle whose measure is greater than 90° and less than 180°

Reflex angle An angle whose measure is greater than 180° and less than 360°

Right angle A 90° angle ⦜

Complementary
Two angles are complementary if the sum of their measures is 90°
angles
Angles in polygons
Supplementary angles Two angles are supplementary if the sum of their measures is 180°

Two lines in the same plane that do not intersect (distance between the
Parallel lines
two lines is the same at any point).

Perpendicular lines Two lines that intersect at right angles ⟂

A 2-dimensional figure formed by three or more line segments. Sides
Polygon
may not cross one another.

Regular polygon A polygon in which all sides are the same length and all angles are equal Sum of a polygon

Vertex (vertices) The point at which the rays of an angle or the sides of a polygon meet

Equilateral triangle A triangle with all three sides equal in length, each angle is 60°

Isosceles triangle A triangle with two sides equal in length and two base angles equal.

The axis or imaginary line that passes through the centre of the shape or
Line of symmetry
object and divides it into identical halves.

Hypotenuse The side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite the right angle