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 STAFF JANUAHY 1970
JOHN HUNTOON. W1LVQ
Editor V O L U M E t X V N U M B E B I

K. LAIRD CAMPBELL, WICUT

Managing Editor PUBLISHED MONTHLY, AS ITS OFFICIAL JOURNAL, B Y THE
GEOHGE GRAMMEH, W1D7 AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE INCL, NEWINGTQN, CONN-, U. & A.
Tmchnical Editor OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION
DOUG D£ MAW.W1CKR
WALTER 7. LANGL W1YD3

-CONTENTS-
ROBERT £, ANDERSON, KITVF*
GERALD L. HALL, KIPLP
DOUGLAS i B U i r a a W1KLK
A s s t i s f a n t Tmchmcad Editors

EDWARD P. TILTON, WIHDQ T E C H N I C A L —

V HF Editor
Etched Doug Dm M a w , W l C E R 11
LEWIS Q. MdCOY. W1ICP
Beginner and Novice
Modul* for S 8 B Tronreehrers
ROD NEWKIRK, W9BRD Guy M . Gillet, O N 3 F E 16
WILLIAM SMITH, JUCER
LOUISE MOREAU. WB6BBO
JOHN TROSTER, W6ISQ and Oadgeti:
Contributing Editor* A Rugged 2-Meter Repeater Antenna. 24
ROBERT J. RINALDI, W1CNT Let's Talk Transistors, Part III Robert E. Staff*!* 25
Advertising Manager
EDGAR a COLLINS Instant Frequency-Change Transceiving with the
Advertising Assistant SB-301 and SB-401 John H. Lejxman, WA8MHO 28
I, A. MOSKE7, WIJM7 Antennas far 80-Meter DX. .Pefer Jw Daltan, K2RBT/6 33
Circulation Manager
CARL E. SMITH, WIETU Recent Equipment:
Assistant Drcn/a/toa Manager
Allied JL2516 Receiver 38
•On military tears ot absence
Technical Correspondence 42
OFFICES
B E G I N N E R A N D N O V I C E

TeU 203-660-154! A Coaxial Band Checker.• Lmwim G . M c C o y , W1ICP 3 0

Subscription rate per year
psld-u!^taxidi,m Canada sad U.B.;
18 ewirhero. AKKL
fwAtipftiig gjr, anlliUv only to O P E R A T I N G —
ladltfdvals with a bona ods Interest
in amateur radio: $&50 per year;
DJS. foods, la Gaoada and 0,8.; »7 Announcing the Annual ARRL Novice Roundup 45
elsewhere. tUnjtls oopiss, 70 oencs.
Foreffcn renotttaftces should bs by
(ntsrnatlooal postal or a w s t t money Results, September VHF QSO Party 46
order or hank draft negotiable In the
UJJ, and for an equivalent amount
In UJEL funds. The Public Service Honor Roll 62
Booond-flftasi postage paid as Hartford,
Oonnaod ut additional malUDgoJDus*
Copyright I960 by ths American Ra- Simulated Emergency Test
dlofisiay League, ino. Titleregtatared
at UA Patent Ofllee. Enteniatlonal
sopyriglit seoured. ailrightsreserved*
Qusjan fsMmtfoe fodw lot dersemw
Printed In UJUL
Auttralis-Oscar S f When to listen
INDEXED BT ApplUd Selena* and Shmldon A . G l i d e , WA1IUO and
Technology bides, Library of Con-
gxees Catalog Card No.: 21-9421 W i l l i a m L D u n k e r l e y , Jr., W A 2 I N B 5 0

.George Hart, WINJMand

BiIl &*ichTt, WA9HHH 5 6

our oovxr
While nut quits A Night to Remember — And a Morning-After, Too
in time to seed
a holiday mot* Jammm G. ( B u n k y ) B o l t s , K 4 E J Q 8 8
ease from up ace,
a* INufttrated by
l o n g t i m e QXT
- o r ^ x s ? ATtmr. Harry B, IARUNms 78
- Hick, Australia ARRL Museum 27 Index to Advertisers * 168
Oscar ft will snnn
be greeting ama-
Coning Conventions ... 79 "It Seems to Us . , 9
teurs with its Coomspancienee From Members 80 League Lines ««...,..**»•. 10
checry " K L " B e e ~ •dfeack,,... 29.90 Operating News |9
page en. Hanutast Cel«d«H., 79 SUsnt Keys«•«••...•••**•««»*• 9 8
Hans at H a a d q a a r t e m * 7 7 Station AeUvttfe. 103
Happenings of kha Month*..... 6 8 ffnUAbmSOllBL 91
Hints A finks 36 YL N«wi A Views 96
How's DX? 23 and BO 7«<ub Ago in QS3*... 29
™ AMERICAN DIRECTOBS

RADIO RELAY
NOEL B. BATON* VE3CJ
Box 680, Waterdowu, Ontario
W»i>£«i»r. a jlQm gpenccr..,, .VE2MS
171 KlpUng AV&, Beaconatteld, cjuebeo
Atlantic Division

LEAGUE, INC.,
HARRY A. MrOONAGHY,^, WaCFU
S7US Fenway Dr., J*etfic&<ia, MO. 30034
Jem B l e b e r x n a a . . , W»KT
RD 1, Vallty Hill Ed., Malvern,ftulttftA
It a noncommercial association of radio omateuri, bonded for Centra/ DSfvisibtf
the promotion of interest In amateur radio communication and PHXUP BL HALLER W0VTPO
flflQO H, Tripp ATO,IfelnagO, JUL 01)029
experimentation, for the relaying of menace* by radio, for the Fi«-J>irtttflr: Edmond A Metxgcr ftWRN'
ItfJUttouthJPourtb BL,tfprliwileld,Illlnoli 62703
advancement of the radio art and of the public wetfart, for the
repreymtotfon of the radio umatew Id legislative mottois* and for A i i o f a IMvfi/on
the maintenance of fraternallim and a htflh standard of conduct CHARLKfl Q. COWPTON* ....WfBUO
Box USA RJL 1, tkratb Pual, MUm. 50076
It Is an Incorporated association without capital stock, chartered Vice Director: Larnr J. tihLma W0PAN
undertttelaws of Connecticut* Its affairs ore governed by a Board 1U17 Goodrich HcU BtoomlQvtOA, Mlim. 55431
of Directors* elected every two years by the general membership. Dleila JXWaion
The officers are elected or appointed by Hit Directors* The League AfA3C ARNOU> . WWHK
812 Etoff&a ltd., NubvUle, Tchil 37H0
is noncommercial and no one commercially engaged in the mono* Vtc* Dtrtctor: franklin Cwoo W4WBJE
f aclure« sale or rental of radio apparatus Is eligible to membership ttlft N. Trwevant Ht.. Memphis, Tenvu
on Its board* Great La Jree Division
"Of, by and for the amateur/* It numbers wHtifn Its ranks practi- AU»AN A, MICHKL WttWO
M9 Rmilum R<d.r ClndaaaU, Ohio 46316
cally every worth-while amateur in the nation and has a history of Vice Mrwtar: Cmin U tUcutt....
glorious achievement as the standard-bearer In amateur affairs. U9 I^Mter Btv lADSliig. Mich, itfftla
Inquiries regarding membership are solicited* A bona fide Hurfflon Division
Interest in amateur radio Is the only essential qualification* owner- ffARRV X UANWAM*
Itf Arbor Uoe, Dlx illUa, N.Y, ilft*
ship of a transmitting station and knowledge of the code are not rfte Mtan Kek JK89JO
SI Jennifer lAne, Obevter, New VorJc 10673
prerequisite, although full voting membership is granted only to
licensed amateurs. Midwmmt Dtrimion
SOMNKa H. KUtiTBR WjtOQ
All general correspondence tfcould be addressed to the adminis- tfllU QuUr l^gjF,, OecUu- RepUt lam
trative headquarters al Newtntfon, Connecticut. 06111.
rM-iXf0rft>r: Ralph V. Aiutewm K0NIi
628 Mantra Ava, Hettoa, Kaiibm 66496
PawtPrm*id*ntM Wew fztgianc/ Divicioa
HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, W1 AW, 1914~1936 ROBKHT rORff CHAPMAN t -WlQV
EUGENE C. WOODRUFF* WBCMP, 1tM-1940 26 Houth Kaad, Ctootoa, U63I0
GEORGJE W> BAILEY, W2KHL 1940*1952 Vi» DWiCtOK
GOODWIN L DOStAKD, WtfHN, 1952-1962 NorthwMtmrn Division
HfUBtt HOOVES, Jit W6ZHL 1942*19M ROBERT B. THURSTON W7FGY
77UU slit Ave., H A . dottle, Wasb. 68116
k'U+Dirtctar: Devld. O, Bennett, ^ ,., W7QLB
<M£fe*i» Box 46flt Bt. Helena <4% 97041
Frmudmnf ROBERT W. DWNISTON,* W0DX Pdctffo Division
Box 73, Newton, Iowa 20208 JJ A, JxX? CJMEJLIN. W63SRJ
10866 WULowbrook <Japcttlno» CeUT. WH)U
firtf Vfce-Predtfenf . . . . WAYLAND M. GROVES, * WJNW Vic+Mrtctor: Elinrti <JB»Idj W Aft A OD
1406 West 13th Street, Odessa, Texa* 79760 77 Uolanan Dr,p HftQ Rfkiea, Callt M9U1
Wce^PresWenf RQEMEft O. BEST, W5QKF Batutokm Diwimian
vurron t?4 OLARK*. W4KPT1
Secretory JOHN HUNTOON, W11VQ I3MW7 Popw Hrad RoecL cuttbnp Ve. aSKkM
Trwawnr DAVID H. HOUGHTON Vit^nvKtOT: L. Pbtl W l o k c r . W 4 A O T
4831 Hill Top Roed. Greensharo, N. C. 37407
225 Main St., Newirigton, Connecticut 06111
AoaJcy Mountain IHriuion
e e e e e OARLU B u r n t J. -...-WUBWJ
L07U Loctttttffe^iDenver* Colo. 80230
We*-Dirntor: Tbnmu O. Banki WfilU
Honorary OTce-PresfcJent FRANCIS E. HANDY, W1BDI 6600 Movmflo, H A , Albuquerque, N- M* 87110
Soatiieajfom Division
H* 1>AT,R ATRIBTHR ,^W4DQ8
MR Trinidad, Ooeoe Bearb, fIjL 838S1
GeneraJ Manager JOHN HUNTOON.* W U V Q Vlc+ixjcctor: Cbarles J. BoIvId, ,K4KQ
3S108.W. 27th Lena, MUm], FUu 68U9
CommunfcaDom Manager GEORGE HART, W1NJM
reeftnfcef Dftecfor GEORGE GRAMME^ WIDF 8<mthwai*m Division
JOflN R- aRTOOA ,,,,. -. - - W«KW
Autaanf General Manager , RICHARD I. B A t D W H W1IKE 11423 Zdsab Ave., GranadawHill*, CaUt. 91344
r^M'ttCw; Arnold liahlman .WVtIEK
Assistant Secretaries PERRY F» WltUAMS, WtUED 14040 HartJanri dt.. Van Noya, CaUf. 91406
WM, I, DUNKRLEY, JR, WA2HB ROBOT Mu MYERS, WtFBY Wmmi Quit Division
425 Main Sf, Newfaglon, Cbnnecttciff 06111 ROY U ALBRIGHT W6KYB
107 ftoflemar?,ttanAntonio, Tncaa 78309
e e e e e I'fce-irirafer; faster U Harbin-.^..^..WKBNO
4616 Catmonu Fort Worth, Tecaa 76107
Genera/ Counsel ROBERT M* BOOTH, Jit, W3PS * Member HUeeutlve Oouuaittce
1150 Comedfctrf Avsnv* K W * Washington, a C 20036
Associate ComueJ ARTHUR K. MEEN, Q.C, VE3RX
^nh* m r i i Klnn St*.WetfjjQronfa, K O n L ...
"It Seems to Us..."
THE YEAR IN REVIEW really novel, the Delta Loop. Speech processors,
keyers, digital counters, phone patches (now
The Moving Finger writes; and, having writ,finally
tariffs)
"legal" due to new telephone company
and other accessories furnished much
moves on . , . — t h e r u b a i y a t of omar fascinating reading during the year and much
Khayyam fodder for soldering guns on rainy weekends.
In the regulatory field, 1969 was the first
n 1969, the Moving Finger wrote another vear under a revived incentive licensing with
I band privileges tied to license class. Occupancy
moving account of name rising to the needs of the Advanced and Extra Class phone Dands
of their neighbors when the worst hurricane was impressive enough to the Federal Com-
yet to hit tne U.S. mainland. Camille, caused munications Commission that it went ahead
widespread destruction and death in the Gulf with the second phase on November 22,1969,
Coast and in Virginia along with almost-total but on the 6-meter hand and in the 80 through
paralysis of normal communications. Ama- 15 meter cw subbands, the Commission held
teurs were there, beforehand and after, with allocations at the November 22, 1968, level.
mobile rigs, fm repeaters, putt-putts, "instant This was the first year, too, that ex-amateurs
antennas" — and the know-how to use them (gone for a year or more) could return via the
all to save lives, to move supplies, to quiet Novice route, but, in a trade-off, the Novice
fears. Know-how gained from everyday oper- and Technician licenses could no longer be
ation, from nets, from tinkering, and from held simultaneously. The antenna height
such activities as Field Day and the Simulated regulations for amateurs were brought into
Emergency Test. . line with other rules of FCC and the Federal
In the 1969 Field Day, fast set-up — under Aviation Agency; the main benefit to amateurs
conditions like those of a real emergency — was acceptance of the "shielding" principle
was rewarded by extra time for contacts. The — if a proposed antenna structure in a built-
SET, in January, saw all sorts of new records up area will be shielded by other structures,
established, particularly by local groups out- trees, hills and the like taller than it, no per-
doing their own previous efforts, perhaps the mission need be sought from FAA.
best sort of training for disasters like Gamille.
At year-end our wandering brethren at sea
t Speaking of records, several were estab-
lished on the very high- and ultra-high fre- got the right to use 7.0-7*1 MHz in Regions
quencies. The earth-moon-earth distance rec- 1 & 3, outside the Western Hemisphere. The
ord on 144 MHz was stretched to 11,055 confusing rule about" control of the premises "
ground miles by ZL1AZR and SM7BAE, on which an amateur station was to be located
while up on 2300 MHz an EME distance of disappeared from the rulebook. A revised FCC
750 miles was recorded by W3GKP and form 610 and a new form 610-B for group
W4HHK and the 1296 MHx moonbounce stations were issued by FCC; the 610 now has
mark reached 5402 miles between WB6IOM a space on the reverse side for a volunteer
and G3LTF. Meanwhile, down in the "dc examiner to certify results of a code tost,
bands" (actually, 28.7 MHs) W89H and eliminating the need for ARRL form S-45.
SM0BUO crossed the pond with slow-scan The FCC examination for General Class was
television, following up on the VE3EGO / made available in Braille to all the district
SM0BUO work in 1968. FCC offices.
Elsewhere on the technical scene, integrated Petitions by individuals for experimental
circuits were featured in Q8T articles on subband reservations in the ham bands and
frequency counters and standards, keyers and for measurement of amateur transmitter
keyboards, power supplies and product de- power by output rather than input were denied
tectors. A 144-MHz transmitter using overlay by FCC. ARRL requests awaiting FCC action
transistors produced inputs of 7 to 8 watts, included reduction of the two-year wait for
while a YU amateur described a transistor Extra Class to one year; "grandfathering"
rig running 75 watts cw, 25 watts a-m, on of former Extra First Grade licensees; Tech-
40; 20 and 15 meters. Direct conversion re- nician privileges in 29.5-29.7 MHz and across
ceivers, somewhat like the receivers of the the whole 144 MHs band; and a return to
20s in principle, were big news on the con- dual holding of Novice and Technician.
struction scene, one featuring FETs and ICs. In the hails of Congress, Senator Barry
Lots of antenna articles appeared, mostly Goldwater, K7UGA, introduced a bill, 3-1466,
variations on earlier themes, but one was (Continttfrf on poo* Sf)
 League Lines ...

On November 5, the regular weekly formal meeting of FCC was postponed an hour
so that Commissioners and senior staff might view the new ARRL film, with our
President W0DX as host* During the day numerous other FCC personnel attended
additional showings — all of which were warmly received and prompted compli-
mentary comments.

Looking far ahead, W2FGD for the Long Island DX Assn. suggests some kind of
special distinctive prefix for W and K stations during 1976 r the 200th anniversary
of American Independence. Hq. would like to know whether it strikes you as a
hot Idea — or potential mass confusion. If in favor, give us some prefix sugges-
tions also, please* W, K, N and A (up to AIZ) are available under the Geneva regs.

One of the hams earlier convicted fat obscenities has found his renewal applica-
tion designated for FCC hearing. Which prompts the reminder that renewal appli-
cations — of amateurs as well as broadcast and other stations — can be granted
only after the Commission has concluded that the public interest, convenience
and necessity will be served. Organized amateur radio has over the years written
a sufficient record of such service that most applications — including yours, prob-
ably — are granted without the need for individual showing. "In unity there is
strength."

Made your New Year's resolutions yet? How about: Use of vhf for short-^dtstance
QSOs? Minimum power necessary for each communication? Proper choice of other
bands appropriate to distance you want to cover? Minimum bandwidth, depending
on the mode in use? And an extra helping of patience and courtesy!

W2EKU in his "Newark News11 column says that with an administration theme of
"advancement" — based in part on incentive licensing - - the Irvingbon ( N . J J ham
club had a 30% increase in membership last year. Shows what leadership, plus a
goal, will do.

Again this year the Handbook has been substantially revised by W1CER, with help
from the rest of the technical crew. Watch for its new, blue cover, early In Feb-
ruary . And the venerable ARRL L/C/F coil-winding calculator has similarly under-
gone change, this time a complete redesign.

Canada is undertaking an extensive study of the field of telecommunications, par-

ticularly management of the radio frequency spectrum. ARRL Director Eaton, VE3CJ,
is not only a participant in the spectrum study but a member of the steering commit-
tee overseeing the project.

Quote-of-the-month, from "The Commission" (not PCC, but a publication of the

Southern Baptist Foreign Missions Journal): "Ham radio is at Its best when it puts
concerned people tn touch with others in c r i s i s . " See page 56 for the Camllle story
a striking example.

December QST c a n l e s ads from seven different manufacturers of electronic keys,

but as it happens/ none in this issue on microphones. Some kind of message here?

S e e pages 50 and 78 for the latest on Aastralis-Oscar 5; and monitor W1AW for
possible changes in launch date and other information.

10 QST lot
 —Make em at Home
BY DOUG DtMAW,* W1CER

T doesn Ft take an artist's eye to appreciate the circuit board. This takes a certain amount of

I difference between a project that ban been

built on a circuit-board and one that was as-
sembled using point* to-ppint wiring on an ordi-
nary chassis. The circuit board version will come
out the winner every time! But, in addition to
aesthetic considerations, » circuit board wins out
over the more cumbersome wire-and-terminal
construction technique for other reasons. Where
electrical stability is a consideration — local
oscillators and v.f.o.8. — circuit boards are hard
to beat. There are but few loose wires that can
vibrate and cause microphonics and related
mechanical instability. For club projects, where
a given circuit is to be repeated by several build-
ex*, there is little chance for errors in wiring.
Unfortunately, this is not usually the case with
earlier construction methods. Though circuit
boards are usually associated with solid-state
circuits, they can be and are used extensively in
vacuum-tube layouts as well. And, if the reader
wishes to look at the matter from an entertain-
ment viewpoint, there are few home-builder
projects that are more interesting and challenging
than circuit boards. Planning a circuit-board
pattern is similar to working a puisle, and most
people enjoy that pastime.
Laying1 Out the Pattern
Converting the schematic diagram of a project
into a pictorial layout is probably the most diffi-
cult task connected with making one's own
•AuUtant Toobntatl Editor, QST
imagination and skill, attributes which most
radio amateurs possess anyhow. First, each com-
ponent on the diagram should be assigned a
number, using standard electronics symbols — C
for capacitors, it for reHiAtnrB, Q for transistors,
and so on. This will help identify the parts on
the pictorial drawing, and will enable the de-
signer to know which parts have already been
transferred from the circuit diagram to the
pictorial. These numbers will be used later while
installing the components on the completed
board.
Next comes the real artwork. Using a sheet of
plain paper, draw a scale outline of the circuit
board to be built. The circuit-board element* and
component parts will have to be kept within these
boundaries. Next, allow at least M inch of margin
around the outer edges of the pattern for the
ground foil of the completed board. This provides
&hort~path connections to ground. In other words,
the main ground bus will be available all the way
around the board when it is needed, rather than
having to thread a ground bus throughout the
remainder of the copper elements of the board.
The outer margin can be wider or narrower if
need be, but this will depend upon the builder's
particular requirements. Mark the area to be
retained by shading it lightly with a lead pencil.
Select one corner of the board drawing as the
starting point for the pictorial layout. This should
correspond to a starting point for the circuit
being laid out} usually the rf amplifier stage of

There is much to hm gained front ffc* dm of eidtecf-eirenii hoardm — compactness,

project rtp#alability, neatness, and circuit stability. Circnit-board design and
fabrication can be carried out with ordinary household tools and materials by
m n the least-experienced builder ones the etehani solution and circu£bJ*ourd
materia/ turn purchased. This article describes several methods f o r home prooet
in&9 and lists available chemicals and components that can be used*

January 1970 11

a converter, the crystal oscillator stage of a
transmitter, or the microphone input Ejection of
an audio amplifier, tiffing a lead pencil, lightly
draw the outline, to scale, of one or two of the
small parts in the corner of (he board. Most
resistors and capacitors can be placed on a circuit
board either vertically or horizontally. If space
is at a premium, use the vertical format wherever
practical. An example of the latter can be seen
in most imported a-in pocket radios. After a few
of the parts are sketched in, decide whether or
not the layout is an compact aa is desired. Tf so,
sketch in the interconnecting copper elements of
the circuit board which join the jtarts to the
circuit-board ground, B-pIus, ur signal linen.
Be sure to label each component according to
earlier instructions. Proceed in the foregoing
manner until all of the circuit is drawn on the
paper layout. After completing the drawing
inspect it for errors by tracing the circuit shown
on the schematic diagram. While doing this
it may become apparent that some portions of
the layout can be improved upon by slight rear-
rangement of the parts. If sor erase the parte to
be removed and redraw them accordingly.
Once the final layout is achieved, each part and
each circuit-board foil element can be inked in
with heavier lines. This writer likes to use ball-
point pens for this, using ink of different colors
for easy visual identification of the components —
red ink for capacitors, blue ink for resistors, green
ink for coils and chokes, and black ink for the
circuit-board foil. The part numbers can be
identified in the same manner, thus avoiding
confusion later on.
It is helpful to retain as much of the copper
foil as possible so that larger areas can be used
for the ground bus. This provides additional
shielding on the board, and prolongs the life of
12
In Ihb photo o negative of the
circuit" board pdtttm is being
prepared lay cutting away the
unwanted MI charts with an
X-octo knife. The pattern on
the negative fs Hie soma as
that of th* original drawing
shown adjacent to it. Tins nega-
b for us* during photo-
and Is part of a
Keprokit.
the etchaut solution. The more copper that must
be etched away, the sooner the solution becomes
exhausted. It is wise, however, to allow at least
Ifa inch of space between the various foil strips on
the circuit board. If this is not done it is some-
times difficult to prevent unwanted solder
bridges between the foils during assembly.
One should keep in mind that the pictorial
layout slwws the »ide of the board on which the
parts are to be installed. The foil is actually on
the opposite side of the board, as though one
were looking through a transparent piece of
material, or at a mirror image. VOT this reason
it is necessary to hold the drawing up to the light
and trace the circuitpboard foils on the reverse
side of the paper. It will be unnecessary to trace
the outlines of the component parts. This tracing
will be the drawing from which the following
steps are taken. The original sketch will be used
when installing the parts, later on.
Preparing f i e Circuit Board
Perhaps the easiest method of transferring the
layout to the foil side uf the circuit board is to
place a tfheet of carbon paper, wax side toward
the foil, over the board. Tape the carbon paper
in place with 8ootch Tape, then tape the original
drawing (tracing side up) over the carbon paper.
Make sure that the sides of the circuit board line
up with the outer lines of the sketch. Trace over
the lines of the drawing with a ball-point pen so
that the carbon paper will leave an image on the
foil. Those working with simple layouts can
avoid the foregoing procedure by drawing their
lines directly on the copper side of the board with
a No. 2 lead pencil.
It will now be necessary to apply some type
of etch-resist material to the circuit board so that
only the unwanted part of the foil will be etched
QST lot
 Adjustable support
am (Alumina**)
Fl®, 1—Details of a home-made etddng stand
Sotted vertical wHch can be built at a moderate cost. The
support member adual dimensions will Have to be determined
fflfncL-red (wood) by the builder, based on the stee tray he will
Lamp use to contain the etdiant bath. The solution
On-offswitck
and fuse box tray is placed on the two eccentric hubs of the
drive shaft, its rear end resting on the aluminum
^^rtckubs
eccut L bracket in the foreground. The hubs raise and
lower the tray as the shaft turns, thus provid-
Drive Shaft ing agitation of the solution. An infra* red lamp
Tray support is supported by an arm which can be raised or
(Alwninwi*' lowered to a distance that maintains a 100-
degree solutfon temperature* A wing nut and
bolt secure the lamp arm to the vertical support
member at the rear of the sketch. Almost any
9-RPM low r*p,nu molar will work, but an 8- or 10-
Hi-iDtqU£
motor rpm type Is preferred.
fJ5? f —:
Woodat, ETCHING STAND
bast

away. This can be done in any one of many ways.
Strips of ordinary masking tape can lie pressed
firmly in place over each part of the cupper to be
retained. This can best be done by first sticking
the tape to wax paper, then trimming the strips
to sixe with scissors. When ready ro apply them
to the board they can be peeled away from the
wax paper Alternatively, the entire copper side
of the circuit board cau be covered with wide
masking tape, the circuit pattern traced or drawu
OD the tape, then the unwanted portions cat away
by means of an X-acto knife. Both methods work
well, but are somewhat tedious when working
with complex layouts.
A resist marking pen can be used to cover the
areas of the board which ore to be protected. A
Kepro RMP-700 works well and costs approxi-
mately 75 cents. The ink dries almost imme-
diately and offers good protection to the copper
foil. Etch-resist paint can be applied with an
artist's brush, filling in the cupper areas to be
retained Though slower drying, exterior enamel
house paint can be applied in the same fashion
and works nicely as a resist agent. Finger-nail
polish has been successfully employed by some,
while othera have reported good luck with India
Ink as a resist material. If the finished artwork
does not look like it was prepared by Picasso,
don't fret. The circuit will perform admirably
just the same, provided it is wired correctly.
Practice, so it's said, makes perfect. The work
will look better after a few projects have been
built.
Thm Eichant Bath
Only two chemical baths will be discussed in
this article — ferric chloride and ammonium
persulfate. Although other chemicals are used by
some, these two are probably the least dangerous
to handle and store. Caution should at all times
be the watchword when handling any acid or
strong alkali solution. Etchant solutions fall
into this category. They should be stored out of
the reach of children, and the user should wear
rubber gloves when handling them. / / ebltanti
make rontact with the skin or the tistr** eyet^ &e
affected areas shouldft?winhed immediately with
dear wafer. Both of the etchants described here
are available from electronics wholesale stores,
so no attempt will be made to describe the chemi-
cal-to-water proportions used in their makeup.
The ferric-chloride solution comes ready to use.
The ammonium persulfate comes in crystal
form, along with a small amount of mercury
bichloride, the latter serving as au activating
agent. The package has instructions which teU
how much water to mix with the chemicals.
The actual time required for complete removal
of the unwanted copper areas will depend to a
great extent upon the thickness of the copper
foil on the board. Moat low-cwt boards (not
surplus) have very thin foil, and etch rapidly.
High-quality commercial and military grade
boards have much thicker copper and take
lunger to etch. Ordinarily, even the thickest cop-
per wiU take no longer than 30 minutes to etch.
As little as 10 minutes is needed with the thinner
material. The important factor in etching time
is the strength and age of the solution. Another
important consideration is the bath temperature.
Ideally, 100 degrees F should be the solution
temperature, and this can be maintained by
placing an infrared lamp an appropriate dis-
tance from the bath. Lower temperatures will
work, but the lower the temperature the longer
the time required to etch a board*
Nonmetallic trays should be used to contain
the eichant solution. Pyrex cooking trays or
bowls work well, or the builder can use photo-
graphic darkroom trayB. Pour the solution care*
fully into the tray, bring it up to the desired
temperature, then lower the circuit board into
the solution, copper side down. Slowly rock the
tray during the etching period to provide agita-
tion. This shortens the etching time and assures
uniform chemical action. A homemade etching

January 1970 13
stand is shown in the Hketrh of Fig, 1. Such a
device is handy if a lot of circuit-bnanl building is
anticipated.
After the etching is completed, wash the circuit
board with plenty of clean water until all of
the chemicals are removed. Peel away the etch-
resist tape, or if paint has been used it can be
brushed away by a few vigorous strokes with a
ball of steel wool. Holes can now be drilled in
the board for mounting the parts. A. No, 60 drill
will allow adequate clearance for most capacitor
and resistor pigtails, Use the smallest drill size
that will allow pasmge of the wires and pigtails.
If too large a drill is used it will be difficult to
make good solder joints on the foil.
Some Otkmr Methadm
Rome builders may prefer to avoid etching
their circuit boards. Perforated phenolic boards
are available from moat supply, houses, and these
do not have cupper foil on them, Metal push-iu
terminals are available for snug-fit insertion into
the holes in the board. These van be used as
tie points for the various components. Bus wire
can be used for interconnections of the circuit,
and as ground and B-plus lines. Alternatively,
strips uf flashing or hobby copper can be cut
to sise, then glued to phenolic board (Formica
sheeting works well for this too) with epoxy
cement to provide a satisfactory circuit board.
Another type of circuit board is available to
hobbyists which eliminates the need for etching.
This material is sold under the trade name Veio.
The board contains numerous straight-line copper
strips, side by side, which can be broken up by
means of a special cutting tool (a spot-face
cutter) made by the same company. Connections
between the foU strips can be made with hookup
or but wire. Vero board is easy to use and makes
a neat job.
The Phoio-Eich Method
The cincurt-board sophisticate can go the fuU
route if he wishes, employing the more pro-
fessional photo-etch technique. What this buys
the builder Is a neater Gnal product. Thin method
permits the artwork to be drawn several times
scale, then reduced by means of a camera to
scale. Imperfections are greatly reduced in this
way, providing sharply-defined foil elements. A
largK^format view camera is required for this
work, a 5 X 7-inch type at least, and high-
contrast negative material must be used. The
negative is used as the roaster for making us
many identical boards as are needed. Hobbyist
kits are available for this type of work, but do
not provide for image reduction. All work must
be dune to scale, and the negatives are prepared
from a master transparency whirii is supplied
with the kit. The circuit-board pattern is pre-
pared by cutting away a thin film uf light-
resistant plastic from the main transparency. The
negative is then placed over photosensitized
circuit board and exposed for a few minutes
under a No. 2 flood lamp. The board ia then
developed in a chemical solution. After being
14
developed it is placed in the ctchant bath and
processed in the same manner an the boards
discussed earlier in the article. The photo-etch
kits come complete with all of the materials
required, and complete instruction* are provided.
A photo-reversal kit is also available far those
who wish to reverse the image on the master
negative. This kit provides the user with another
transparency which is then used a* a master,
Kastman Kodak Company has complete litera-
ture on photo etching and it ran be purchased
for a small fee. Ank for booklets P-91 and P-OT-
GLF-BJES.
• •! • • m
IE™
tr
Anfttdv-reslstpan can be ucsd to protad the retained
portions of the coppsr ML
Types of Beards
Most circuit boards use either glass^epoxy
or phenolio-base material. Either in suitable for
most ham radio work, but the glass epoxy has
a better dielectric factor and is less subject to
warpmg. ft is more immune to the effects of
heat and moisture than is the phenolic material*
Phenolic is cheaper and can be used in most
instances, Glaus epoxy is preferred in high-voltage
circuits and where guud mechanical stability
is important. This writer prefers using it for
vhf and uhf projects as well. The decision
whether or not to use the more expensive glass-
epoxy board is usually based on cost as well as
performance requirements.
Some of the newer circuit boards use polyester
as an insulating base material. It too is superior
to the paper-base phenolic board.
Most circuit boards are available with copper
on only one side, ur double-aided if there is to
be a circuit on each side of a nbgle hoard.
Double-sided circuit boards are seldom used by
radio amateurs*
Silk Screening'
If a single pattern is to be used in making
several identical circuit boards, the silk-etTeen
method of applying the etch-resist material
should not be overlooked. The layout is trans-
QST for
ferred to a silk-screen master stencil, to scale,
thed the master is used over arid over again to
stencil the etch resist pattern on a* many boards
as we are needed. Kits are available for making
one's own screens, and at reasonable coat. Shi*
method is worth consideration by clubs and CD
groups wishing to makeseveral pieces of identical
gear. If handled with care, a silk-screen master
can be used several thousand times before it will
wear out.
List of Material*
The following is a list of materials, tools, and
kits that are available from many of the large
electronics mail-order wholesale outlets. Type
numbers are listed to aid the reader when order-
ing material. The list is by no means complete,
but it should enable anyone starting from
scratch to secure the basic equif>m£nt needed to
make circuit boards at home. It is suggested
that the reader write to the companies listed at
the end of this article and request their latest
catalogs. So toe items are available on a custom
basis from some of the firms.
i *
Circuit-Board Stock
1—Copper-clad phenolic, single-sided, uraenr
stiized. (A) Kepro Co., X X X P type (4 sixes up
to 12 X 12 in.). (B) Vector-Co., X X X P type
(3 sfces up to 8Vg X in.).
2—Copper-clad epoxy, single-sided,
sitizeti. (A) Kepro Co., PI type 13 sizes up tu
12 X 12 in.). (B) Vector Co., WE type (3 sizes
up to 8M X m in.).
3—Copper-clad phenolic, double-sided, urmen-
aiUz&L (A) Kepro Co., X X X P type (3 sizes up
to 12 X 12 in.). (B)" Vector Co., X X X P type
(3 sizes up to SH X ±rA in.).
4—Copper-clad, siiigle-sided, sensitized* (A)
Kepro Co., phenolic type (A sixes up to 12 X 12
in.). (B) Kepro Co>, epoxy type (5 sizes up to
12 X 12 ml),
5—Copper-clad, double-sided, sensitized. (A)
Kepro Co., phenolic type (5 sizes up to 12 X 12
in,). (B) Kepro Co., epoxy type (5 sizes up to
12 X 12 in.).
6—Non-dad perforated board. Available from
Vector Co. in X X X P phenolic, epoxy-paper,
epoxy-glass, and glass-silicone materials. Avail-
able with 0.062-diameter hole size, and with
various, quantities of holes per square inch. Also
available in single- or dnublfr*ided coppers-clad
form. Vector T28 push-in terminals are available
for this style of board. A P-01 insertion tool is
available for installing the terminals. These
boards are also available with 0.091-diameter
holes.
7—Strip-clad, single-aided phenolic board is
manufactured by Vero Co. and comes in two
kit sizes, BK-6 and VHK-7. The kits include
the spoWace cutter tool These boards and the
cutting tool were discussed earlier in the article.
Layout Material*
There are many layout aids available for
making negatives for photo etching, and for
January 1970
planning circuit-board patterns to be used during
tlie ordinary processing procedure disrumed at
the beginning of the article. Since this list would
be rather long and detailed it will not be given
here. The catalogs provided by the manufac-
turers, and those of some of the electronics
wholesalers, list the various items which can be
purchased for layout purposes.
Etch-lt*wi*t Matmrialm
The following are but a few of the many
products which can be used as etch-resist when
making circuit hoards.
1—Masking-tape strips and circles,
2—Model airplane lacquer, any color.
3—Vinyl-plastic tape strips and circles, any
color.
4— Finger-nail polish.
5—Automotive touch-up paint, any color.
6—Etch-resist pen (Kepro Co. KMP-700 or
similar).
7—Vector dry-transfer, wax-base, strips and
circles.
S—Etch-resist paint (Kepro Co. R-2)
9—Household-type enamel, any color.
10—Vector resist ink No. 3082, Jtf-os. bottle.
Etchantm
These chemicals are available from many
electronics wholesalers and hobby stores. Instruc-
tions f»r mixing and using them an? included in
the package tu most instances.
1—Ferrio-chloride solution (Kepro Co. E-1PT,
pint bottle, aud E-1G in the gallon size).
2—-Vector ammonium persulfate crystals and
activator with plastic mixing bag (Vector No.
2595).
Available Kite
This is a partial listing of the small kits which
are available for various phases of circuit-board
fabrication. Hobbyistrsize kits are listed here,
but many of these kits are also available in the
larger, lab-sire packages.
1—Vector etched-circuit kit No. 27XA. Con-
tains two copper-clad boards, etch-resist mar
tonal, etchant powder, layout paper, mixing
bags, and instructions (£6.50 each).
2—Kepro etched-circuit kit No. 3-101 A. Con-
tains one sheet of 3 X 6-inch perforated copper-
clad board, two sheets of solid board, etch-resist
tapes, and etchant solution f$3.95 each).
3—Amidon Associates E-Z Etch kit. Contains
one 4 X 6-inch copper-clad epoxy hoard, dry-
transfer etch-resist lines and circles, and one
bag of etchant powder ({3.49 each).
4—Kepro P-101A photo-etch kit Contains
two 3 X 6-inch oopper-clad boards, and one
3 X 3-inch board. Also includes material for
making negatives* developer, and etchant solu-
tion ($5.85 each),
5—Photo-re versing kit, Kepro Co. FK-701.
For preparing photo-etch negatives from line
drawings and sketches. Contains ail necessary
materials ($7.20 each).
(Coniirmd on pafr 81)
15
 Transistor Module for SSB
Transceivers
A Complete I-F and Audio System
BY GUY M. GILLET,* ON5FE
of the many advantages to
B
ECAUSE
gained with a transceiver? separate receiver-
transmitter configurations are leg* usei]
these days. Economy may be the most important
mason: obviously, utus circuit is cheaper than
two, and there i* needless duplication iu separate
units* (3ome other advantages are weight and
size reduction, especially for mobile use, and
ease of operation, However, a transceiver must
often be more *MphMin&t.ed, because of the
problem* presented by the vwitching.
X v3L«
Fig. 1— Typical curr enf- vs.- volt a g e characteristic of a
silicon diode. Note change in current
scat* below horizontal axis*
These switching problems are not to he
minimized, particularly when switching a " h n t u
lead from revive tiO transmit. Spurious signals
can be induced in the wiring going to relay
contacts Also, energising the relay may change
such circuit parameters as stray capacitance and
lead coupling. For example, the load capacitance
on a crystal filter may change appreciably when
switching from receive to transmit. These
troubles can he avoided by diode witching. I*?t
us explain briefly hnw it works:
A. diode forward-biased by a few miUiamperes
dc (point in Pig. I) loses ite rectifying property
for small alternating currents. That is, a small
+ Sherman Halt, Room 1353. »O0 Houbh tfifth 8t„
pailtn, JUL 61830.
The MMb transmitting output of this little handful is 12 peah»to~peak voltw at 9
MHK*; in receiving, the audio output it 2 . 5 watte for a 30-pV 9-MHE input wignaL
Diode twitching im used throughout and therm im a novel rf clipper which d o e s n ' t
require an extra sideband filter.
16
reduction Si itt the ^jlaristation current may be
interpreted as a current Si passing through the
diode iu tlie reverse direction. For this Si, the
diode acts like a dynamic resistance of about
fiO ohms*
In order to make the diode look like an open
circuit, it is uwually unly n e c t a r y to reduce
the bias voltage to jwro, which results iu „a
dynamic resistance uf about 100 kilohm* (oper-
ating point li). However, the diode is usually
back-biased to point V to avoid eventual rectifi-
cation problem* and to reduce the effective
junction capacitance. This results in a mora
positive switching action.
Fig. 2A phuws a conventional spdt switch,
while Fig. 2B is the diode equivalent. Tf X is
connected to - V, Dx conducts and is off.
The ac signal pusnes through D\ from point
O to iV as iu the conventional switch. Switching
is accomplished by changing A' from — V to
+ V (V~ is the powei^upply voltage) which
turns Di off and Dt on. The signal current
must be small compared to the do bias current
to avoid nonlinearity.
Overall Symtem
A block diagram uf the complete transceiver
U given in Fig. This article covers only the
(A)
Rg. 2—Conventional switch (A) and corresponding diode
twitch (B). V is the source of voltage required for biasing
the diodes, forward for conduction, reverse for noncon-
duction. Resistors ft are needed for isolating the switched
circuit from the dc source. *
QST for

The mail sJ» of the module built by ON5FH Is evident
from this photograph. It contains nv complete transceiver
l-f system, Including speech amplifier/balanced modulator
for transmitting and product detector/audio amplifier for
receiving, along with VOX and clipping circuits.
blocks within the dotted outline. Design problems
with the VKO, driver and power amplifier will
not be treated here. Note that them are separate
channels for transmitting and receiving; only
the filter is switched.
It is obvious that, this approach is different
from the one often taken in commercial trans-
ceivers where, for instance, the i~f amplifier is
used for transmit as well as for receive. It may
seem that components are being duplicated, and
it is true that this circuit arrangement does nut
offer any advantages if only a simple transceiver
is being designed. However, if features such as
VOX and rf clipping are desired, the circuit
SPEAKER
L»t **
Fig. 3—Block diagram of the ssb module (part enclosed in dashed lines) together with the remalnhg essentials tor a
complete transceiver* The module includes l-f, balanced modulator, and audio circuit*
and provides 9-MHz ub output for tranimittitig.
January 1970
results in a simpler overall design because only
one pair of switching pointe is needed.
Now let us turn to the individual circuits.
Microphon* Amplifier and VOX Sy*t*m
The gain of the microphone amplifier in Fig.
4 is 45 dB, and its input impedance is about ISO
kilohms. This high impedance can be obtained
with a transistor if it is operated at very low
collector current (30 pA.) providing it retains a
high kin at this current- The approximate
26
formula is — — ht% where u is the collector
•let
current in mA and Ab is the small-signal current
gain. Since noise has an effect at this first stage
a low-noise transistor is used and the emitter-*
follower configuration must be avoided.
There is no microphone gain control, as it was
found to be useless because of the rf clipping
in later stages. The output is from the emitter
and collector of Q*; the balanced modulator gets
the emitter signal while the collector output is
rectified in a voltage doubler to operate VOX.
The amplifier supplies 4 V peak-to-peak output
before dipping. Heavy clipping, by talking too
loud, must be avoided, but light clipping on
higher voice peaks will cause no trouble. The
clipping level can be varied from linear (no
clipping) to 30 dB by adjustment of potentiom-
eter tt\ in the emitter output circuit. Complete
if decoupling of the microphone amplifier is
indispensable.
The VOX circuit is straightforward. Its
Hensitivi^yisadjustedbypotentiometer Ail which
seta the forward-bias level at the base of Q4
when the microphone amplifier is operating.
During reception Qi is cut off, which in turn
cuts off Q*. Under these conditions Q* is saturated
since it is biased for heavy conduction through
itb- The point labeled R is at nearly +12 V
when Q0 is on; this voltage operates the diode
switching circuit for receive, as mentioned earlier.
When the rectified VOX signal applies positive
bias to the base of Qi thU transistor saturates,
turning on Qt, wliich then cuts off Qq because
the voltage at base rises to nearly +12 V.
Qt and <?7 form a bistable flip-flop, and with Q«
off Qr goes 011, supplying 12 V for the transmit
SIXER
(XUIR)
u r
QUIVER
a n -X- J
At
17
FROM SPEECH AMP
4F O&C
mie
PCCdr AS MCJTOi KCKAi. VAU>ES 0?
CAPACTtAUCE ARE IN WKJWM
fi AOS i jf) \
aims AREttMMMM (f F OR
RESISTANCES ARE M ONUS! I* 1000.
Fig, 4—Microphone amplifier, VOX circuit, and electronic
send-recefve switeh. Capacitors with polarity mcrked ore
electrolytic; others ore ceramic. Fixed resistors are Vi
or Vi watt. Labelled components not listed below ore
for text reference.
circuits at point T. (?i and #4 bold 0s on during
momentary pauses in speaking.
Feedback from the speaker to the microphone
is avoided by means of the antitrip circuit,
which also uses a rectifying voltage doubler
but with the diodes connected for negative do
output voltage. Adjustment is by The three
adjustments, VOX, antitrip and delay, are nearly
independent.
Balanced Modulator and BF Clipper
The balanced modulator, Fig. 5, uses two
varactor diodes, back-biased at 4.5 volts through
potentiometer ftr, which is adjusted to cancel
any mismatch in the diodes' characteristics. The
1J-M.H* carrier is applied to the arm of and
due to symmetry, 110 voltage will be developed
across the 9-MHz resonant circuit, LiGV The
audio voltage is applied to the arm of Sj,
causing the capacitance of the varactors to vaiy
in opposite directions and thus aiding each other
in the unbalancing. An interesting feature of
this circuit is that the input is asymmetric —
i.e., single-ended — for both the high-frequency
and audio signals. Also, the input impedances
are much greater than those of the classical
fuur-diode modulator.
18
T-R SWITCH
jUM.
CRi—Zener, 9 volts, Vi watt.
CR-j*CRg, inc.—G«waniym, any type.
Qi, Qu Qi—Icbo 0-1 mA (max.) npn,ft/*100
G450, BC113 or equivalent
Q.r-2N706# 2N708.
Q*-AC125, AC 26,2N1301 or equivalent.
Q*, Or—AG 28,2N1496 or equtvafenL
R># 1U, inc.—Linear-taper potertforoeter.
Inductor L\ is constructed on a toroidal core
because the coupling must be purely magnetic if
a high carrier-rejection ratio is to be obtained.
Note that the modulator can be easily unbalanced
by connecting a resistance in parallel with Hz
(point K grounded). In this way, cw or a-m
signals can be produced The a-m signal could be
taken from the open secondary of Li with point
K at ground, although this possibility of pro-
ducing arm is not used in the present circuit.
European coil forms were used throughout this
transceiver so information on the number of
turns would be nearly useless if different coil
forms are used. The turns ratio will provide
sufficient information. One can easily construct
suitable coils with his own material with the
help of a grid-dip meter. The requirements are:
Audio: 4 V pk-pk max.
Carrier: 1 V rms.
Carrier rejection: Better than 50 dB,
Turns ratio on Li: n p //i. « 14/4.
Varactor diodes: C = 20 p F at - 4 V (not
critical).
Output: 200 mV pk-pk rf for 2& V pk-pk
audio input.
Distortion seems to be less than with the four-
diode modulator. It is not necessary to have
well-matched varactors; their differences may be
cancelled by adjustment of B7.
RF CBppmr
It is well known that speech remains intelligible
even with infinite clipping; in other words, the
amplitude contains relatively little information
as far as intelligibility is concerned. However,
keep in mind that in the absence of noise at
the receiver a clipped signal will always be
less intelligible than a normal signal without
clipping. It is only under marginal conditions
QST for
 CAftlucitoiiUz
OSC IV
VIM)

ott EKCEFT AS JKOCATED, DECIMAL VAUIEI OP

^^ CAPAcramcc ARE m wchkmum t
75v cm.4i IN PtCOFARAOS { pF OR ji^);
AM IN OHMS: |» 1000.
Fig. 5—Balanced modulator and r.f. clipper circuit. Inset shows construction of l i torold with terminal numbers, Capacitor
with polarity marked Is electrolytic; other fixed capacitors are ceramic. Fixed resistors are 14 or V i watt. Labelled
components not listed below are for text reference.
C»—150-pF miniature variable. Ru—App. 33,000 ohms; see text.
Ci—Mica. Ll, Ls—Torold, pit/sec. turns ratio 14/4* primary to
CRe, CRt—Varactor diode; see text. resonate at 9 MHz. with Cs and C i , respectively
Qs, Q», Qid~2N706, 2N7O0. {app. 3 / M and 1.5 pH, respectively). Terminal 2
Ro, Rr—Unear-taper potentiometer. on piiraary Is a center top.

(high, noise level) that clipping presents an The rf clipper is a standard clipping circuit
appreciable improvement. Consequently, the except that two transistors in diode configuration
operator must maintain control of the clipping are used instead of two diodes. The clipping
level. Using the peak power as reference (and action is slightly better. Two examples of rf
this is a good approach to the problem, because clipping at different levels can be seen in the
ssb transmitters are limited by their peak power photographs taken at the collector of <?s- The
rather than their average power dissipation) it third picture, taken at the output of Qu, Kg.
has been found that the following degrees of 6, is two-tone test modulation with strong clip-
improvement can be obtained: ping, after passing through the crystal filter. It
Improvement shows some distortion, but at an acceptable level*
Amount of Clipping (in dB) When using a high clipping level, note that the
plate of the power amplifier must dissipate a
Audio clipping 15 dB 4 dB significantly higher average power.
25 dB 5.5 dB
Rf ssb dipping 10 dB 4 dB CryMtal Filter
20 dB 8 dB A commercial European filter (KVG type
The table indicates, for example, that during XF9A) was used. Its characteristics are:
marginal conditions an rf ssb clipping level set Bandwidth: 2.5 kHz at dB.
at 20 dB can have a peak power 8 dB under the Pass-band irregularities: Less than 1 dB.
peak power of an undipped signal and maintain Insertion loss: Less than 3 dB.
tile same intelligibility. The table also shows Spurious response: Less than 45 dB.
that rf clipping has greater efficiency than audio Shape factor: 1/1.7, 6 dB/50dB.
clipping. This is because in rf clipping most Input and output impedances: R » 500 ohms,
of the spurious signals created fall outside the C = 30 pF>
puss band. However, a crystal filter must always If this low-oost German filter is not available,1
follow rf clipping in order to eliminate spurious any filter can be used with minor changes in
signals near the edge of the band and to avoid £to» ®ii, and Rw
transmitting an excessively broad spectrum. On provides the correct input impedance for
Unfortunately, the crystal filter is presently the filter. Qv% is a buffer stage providing 12
the most expensive item in a single-sideband volts peak-to-peak on its collector. This signal
transmitter! To economize, we decided-to clip is large enough to feed a vacuum-tube mixer. If
the dsb signal and use only one filter to extract a transistorised mixer is desired, suitable match-
ssb and to follow the clipping stage. But "you ing is needed and it is recommended that a
get what you pay for," and dsb clipping creates balanced mixer be used
more intermodulation products inside the trans- 1 KVGfiltersan availabk in the U A from VHF Com-
mitted bandwidth than ssb clipping does* pranicatians, Topsfidd, Mass. 019S& — E d i t o r

January 1970 19
R g . 6—Crystal filter a n d d i o d e switching circuit. R x e d
c a p a d t o n a r e ceramic* fixed r w U o r t a r e 14 o r waft;
L a b e l l e d c o r a p o n e n t i n o t Rsted b e l o w
a r e for text reference,
Ci, Trimmer, 4 - 2 0 p F .
Ce—Mica.
CR$, CRs, C R u — S B c o i ^ f a s t r e c o v e r y (FaircHId F D - 1 0 0 ) .
Le—Same as R g . 5*
Q u , Qu—2N706, 2N708.
P U — 9 - M H z c r y s t a l fiber, 2 . 5 - k H * b a n d w i d t h , s e e t e x t . AS MMATEO, OCCMAl. VALUES Of J s ' J » '
ARC IN IHCWHIIADS < J # ) !
0IWRSAKHI nCOFMUUffiiFFORj^rr,
A K i i OHMS; iooo. w
fttt
HMH RCffl

PROO GET
l - F AMPLIFIER S^METER AMP ft*
-0412V

ASdo
Flfli

EXCEPT AS INDICATED* DECIMAL

VALUES OP CAMCimiCE AffC
M IH0ttFAIMO3(>Fl: OTHERS
ME M PtOOTARA»<»P OH C f t i — G e r m a n i u m , fin d e t e c t o r t y p e .
p{o eta
> o / REstsTwtces a k i* onus; U , La—Torold p r f , / s e c turns r a t i o 1 0 / 1 ; p r i m a r y t o
V t k4000. r e s o n a t e a t 9 MHz. with 6 8 p F ( a p p . 4 . 5 jiH).
M i — 0 - 1 c k nuWacnmeter.
R g . 7—l-f amplifier a n d product detector. Capacitors Qu-Qt* Ina—2N706,2N708.
w f t h p o l a r i t y m a r k e d a r e electrolytic* o t h e r s a r e c a r a m f e Q i r — S a m e a s Qi, R g . 4 .
F i x e d r e s i s t o r s a r e IA o r V4 w a t t , l o b o i l e d c o m p o n e n t s Qj*—MOSFET, 3 N 1 4 1 .
MA* liil^il hftthMi m frtf hittl e k v u i I M (BXI.
 EXCEPT AS INDICATED, DECIMAL
VALUES OF CAPACITANCE ARE
IN MICROFARADS {jiF) j OTHERS
ARE IN PICOFARADS IpF OH
RC8KTARCES ARE IN OHMS;
1(4000.
Rg. 8—Audio amplifier circuit Capadfors with polarity
marked or* electrolytic; others are ceramic. Fixed re-
sistors art 14 or Vi watt.
Qi»r Qti—Same as Qi, Fig. 4.
Qs*-AC125, AC 126, 2NT30T.
Cfcs—ftip, 800 mW,fcf»200, fcBO 100/iAr f o 1A
25 V.
Filter Switching
During transmit, point T is at 12 volts and
point R is at about 1 volt. CRs then conducts
through Riot R\u and flu. CR9 and Gllw are
back-biased.
During receive, T is at about 1 volt and R is
at 12 volts. CR10 now is forward-biased through
UtMf tin* and ifa. The signal from the mixer
is applied to the filter through tfflio- CR* is
back-biased; Cfls conducts through R\& and Air
(see i-f schematic, Fig. 7) passing the filtered
ssb to the i-f amplifier.
/•F Amplifier and Product Detector
The traditional transistorized hf amplifier
(common-emitter circuit) does not respond to
age as well as its vacuum-tube counterpart. The
LC circuit is detuned and the Q varies when the
ago acts. Circuit stability may even be con*-
promised. In Fig. 7 these troubles are avoided
by using two transistors per stage in a oascode
arrangement. The first transistor is stable be-
cause its load is the very low input impedance of
the next transistor, which is in a common-base
configuration. The second transistor is stable in
this common-base arrangement, so the LC ciiv
cuit is practically independent uf age action.
The gain of a cascode amplifier is slightly
greater than that of a single transistor in the
common-emitter mode. At 9 MHz the gain may
be 50 dB or more per stage, Unfortunately, 80
dB cannot be obtained with one cascode stage
and two stages provide too much gain. In order
to reduce the gain, Itu must be decreased until
the gain is reduced to the optimum 80-dB figure.
The age amplifier is Qrr, which also controls
the S meter. The age dynamic range is 0 to - 7 0
dB without distortion. When no signal is present,
January 1970
Qss^Same characteristic* as Q», but npn (cotnpl
fary pair].
BVcbo Rao—Logarithmic-taper potentiometer.
R31—Linear-taper potentiometer.
the collector current of Qn is vero. When a
signal is received, the transistor begins to con-
duct, causing a voltage drop in ffxs and reducing
bias current in the cascade stages. The age has
a fast action and slow decay due to Cr- Qn can
discharge C? very rapidly, but the capacitor
must recharge through The time constant
is 14 second. Note that Cj is not grounded;
this prevents the 8 meter from responding to
momentary peak currents.
The RCA 3N141 dual-gate MOSFET is a
very good product detector. The high insulation
between gates aided In design. As usual, the
carrier must be injected at a higher level (about
20 dB) than the ssb signal to minimize the
intermodulation products. For one volt rms
carrier, a 100-mV rms signal gives 700 mV
peak-to-peak audio, and a 10-mV rms signal
gives 70 mV peak-to-peak audio.
Another I-F Circuit
An alternative i-f amplifier circuit is given
in Fig. 11. Usually, successive amplifier stages
are fed in parallel, but at high frequencies a
series arrangement may also be used, when the
load is not resistive. Only the i-f stages are
series connected In Big. 11, but an rf stage,
mixer stage and product detector may be added
easily.
The first stage uses an FET because our
experimental model had an KKT in the rf
amplifier. Using the FET at the front end of the
i-f amplifier resulted in a single ago circuit for
i-f and rf. Li, Ci and C% (and similariy, L%f
Ct and Ci) may be regarded as a pi circuit
matching the high output impedance of Qt
(about 50 Jrilohms) to the low input impedance
of Q% (about 10 ohms). Generally, in an i-f
amplifier the selectivity is of paramount im-
21
 wTo m i
nsrisr

Fig. 9—Carrier oscillator circuit. Fixed cap-

acitors are ceramic. Fixed resistors are
or M watt. Labelled components not listed
I EXCEPT AS indicated, decimal below are for text reference.
+ttv r h VALUES OP CAPACITANCE ARC
M HKROPW«WljfrtOTKCT»
ARC IK PICOFARADS f pF Oft JIJIP);
RE9VTANC9 ARE IN OHMS;
fcHOOO.
G , Cd—Trimmer, 4-20 pF. Yi—8998,5 kHz.
CRu, CRib9 CRu—Silicon (FD-100). Yt—9001.5 kHz.
Qt«—2N706, 2N708. {Crystalfrequenciesare for a 2J-kHz^bw fitter having a
Si—Spdt toggle. center frequency of 9000 kHz*)
EXCEPT AS INDICATED, DECIMAL
VALUES OF CAPACITANCE ARC
N MICROFARADS tjP) i OTHERS
ARE 1R FtCQFARA&S ( pF OR
RESffTAHCES ARC IN OMIT,
fc-tOOO.
Fig, 10—Tone oscillator circuit* k
Capacitors wfth polarity marked
are electrolytic. Resistors are 14
or V4 watt. Labelled components
not Ibted below are for text

Cn, Cis, Cis—Ceramic or mylar.

Q u — S a m e as Qi Fig. 1.
Rm—Linear-taper potentiometer.

EXCEPT AS INDICATED, DECIMAL VAUJCS Of Rl

CAPACITANCE ARE KK MICROFARADS t JF I i -YP-WVJ
OTHERS ARE IK PICOFARADS I pF OR JipF};
RESISTANCES ARC M OHMS; It-1000.

Fig. 11—An alternative !-f amplifier circuit using series*

conneded dc feed for the transistors. Capadtor with
polarity indicated is electrolytic; other fixed capacitors
are ceramic Labelled components not listed below are
for text reference.
Ci, Ct—'Trimmer, 8-35 pF* Ls—Toroid, prt./sec turns ratio 10/1; primary Inductance
CRi—Germanium, f-m detector type. 4/cH.
M i — 0 - 1 d c mlinammeter.
CRs—Zener, 9 vails, Me watt. Oj—MPF-102 or equivalent.
Lu Li—13 juH.' Qs,Qs-2N706,2N70B.

22 QST for
portance, but here the crystal filter bandwidth
has already done the job of selection.
A gam greater than 100 dB can be provided by

XJOL
/ % — ^
a circuit such as this without sacrificing stability.
Qi remains stable because of the low (500 ohms)
input impedance from the filter.
The age needs a polarisation voltage or bias
of not lee* than 80 volts. A convenient source
is the rf power-amplifier negative bias. The
Vbias
value of R\ is determined by R\ « •- ^

Tiia Audio Amplifier

Any audio circuit which can provide the de-
sired output from the 100-mV peak-to-peak input
is, of course, suitable. A series push-pull tranr
sistor circuit such as it* shown in Fig. 8 must
have a power supply with very low output
impedance. The point cannot be overstressed,
for neither the audio output nor the other circuits
can work properly otherwise. Regulation is
especially important in the case of high power
and low supply voltage. In the circuit presented,
the feedback is applied to the emitter of Qto*
and not to the base as is often the case. Willi
this configuration Qto hasa high input impedance.

Carrier OwaUlator
In the carrier oscillator circuit, Pig, 9, the
crystals for Isb and usb are used in A parallel-
resonant mode and may be pulled slightly by
a parallel capacitance. Again, diode switching
is used to avoid long signal leads. When the
sideband selector, 8if is at position 1, a do
current flows through CRu and Rt* to ground.
Crystal Yi (usb) is then at ac ground through
CRla and Cio- At selector position 2, the do Tops Single-tone signal with moderate dipping, mea»-
passes fromtine+12 V input through RTU GRU^ured at the input to the 9-MHx» sideband fitter. Center*
CR\i and R»» to ground. Crystal Y* is then at Same with heavy clipping. Bottom: Heavily-dipped two-
as ground via CR\t and CIQ. The asymmetric tone signal after passing through the sideband filter.
diode CRu is necessary to allow the lab crystal Post-clipping filtering restores the original modulation
Yi to function. Without CRu, Ft is shunted envelope with little distortion.
by the two resistors, % 0 andi^i f and crystal Kg,
which is oeax the series-resonant mode of Yi-
/faa is necessary to prevent heavy distortion in
the output of Qu- The oscillator provides an It was found interesting and helpful to set the
output at a level of 1 volt nns. tune to 1600 Hz and tune the carrier oscillator.
En this way 8998.5 kHz and 9001.5 kHz signals
can be adjusted with a 9-MHz standard (BC-221,
Tonm Oscillator for example).
CW operation can easily be obtained by un-
balancing the modulator, as mentioned earlier. Acknowlmdgmmntm
Another method of cw operation is keying an
audio oscillator in order to keep the VOX oper- Thanks to my friend ON4JN, whose sug-
ational; this same audio oscillator is also useful gestions and aid during this project were most
as a tuning aid before ssb operation. The circuit helpful. And thanks to K9QGL and VJS3BHT
of Fig. 10 is a classical phase-shift oscillator. who helped rewrite my translation. M H
The sine-wave output may be adjusted in ampli-
tude by Ri4- Output is taken from the collector
and seirt to the microphone amplifier through a I— Cr&telow, Getiin and BwenaoiL, 11 Power Require-
100-pF capacitor, Fig. 4, The 500-pF feedthrough mentsforSpeech Communication Systems/1 IRS Trantae-
tv*** on Audio. November-December, 1061.
capacitor in Fig. 4 will change the frequency, 3 —Pappenftj* Bmeneaad Sehoealike, &ngZ« Sideband
as do the values of phase-shift capacitors Cu, Principles and Circuits, McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Cis and Cw). Keying does not alter any dc 3 — Perkins," Tranditor Cueode Circuit Improve* Auto-
current, thus helping to avoid key clicks. matic Gain Control in Amplifiers," BUetroniu^ Jam 1961.

January 1970 23
 Gimmicks
A Rugged 2-Meter Repeater Antenna
L vhf repeater has some rather special antenna
j \ requirements. Usually the site is one where
exceptional ruggodness is a must* icing
and high winds are likely to be prevalent in
desirable Inflations. The antenna design may be
a factor iu the receiver desenHitiaation problem.
Where separate vertical antennas are u*ed for
transmission and reception, but spacing is rather
limited, an antenna having some vertical di-
rectivity is desirable.
An eanily-built antenna that does fairly well
on both counts id shown in Kig, 1. The materials
are obtainable from any piumbing-nupply house,
and may be found in many hardware stores and
departments ore hardware counters. Ours csame
from the local Sears outlet.
The antenna is the familiar two half waves
in phase, with a quarter-wave phasing-and-
matching section at the center. The horizontal
portion could be any odd multiple of a quarter
wavelength, if mechanical or electrical ends are
served thereby. Mechanical details are shown at
the left, with a schematic diagram of t>he adjust-
able form at the right.
Our antenna was made experimentally, but
BALU^Rti-tfj
orbettejT
1M
COAX
Fig. 1—Mechanical and electrical details of the 2-meter
repeater antenna. Bement and stub lengths are the
actual lengths of tubfng required. If adjustment b to be
attempted, the connection points for the transmission line,
and the position of the short on the stub, should be
adjusted far zero reflected power In the transmission line.
24
Gadgets
the dimension are sufficiently uncritical that
you can make an antenna from the components
we used, and not have to worry about adjust^
merit. It will work from below 146 to above 147
MHz with virtually no change in HWR, which
should be very close to with 5tM>hm feed.
The elements and phasing section are J/fc-inch
copper tubing, Hightaiigie joint* are standard
castings used in plumbing and heating work.
The element material can be purchased in coils,
ur iu hard-drawn straight lengths. The tatter is
.stronger and neater, but a bit more costly,
since some has to be wasted, if it is bought in the
usual short straight lengths. A lU-foot coil, on
the other hand, will just do the job, with about
2 inches to spare. We used a coil, straightened
out as well as we could do the job. Though it
doesn't look quite so beautiful, it is still ade-
quately strong.
The elements are inserted into the fittings to
a depth of H inch, and aoldered with a 300-watt
iron or a torch. We tiuide the first antenna
experimentally, so provided for adjustment of
stub Length, walk a sliding short. This was a
strip of flashing copper about % Inch wide, bent
to make sliding clips at eac;h vnd. The balun
and coaxial line was connected with similar
gliding clips, 'pie antenna eJemeuta were held
in alignment with an extra pair of cone standoffs,
attached to the right-angle fittings at the inner
ends of the elements. These were not needed
in the final form, and are not shown in the draw-
ing.
If you are willing to experiment with the
matching, the txlezfteut lengths are not critical,
as the system can be resonated to the operating
frequency by means of the sliding short. We'd
recommend nothing shorter than the half-wave
elements, as shown, but they can. be somewhat
longer. If you wiah, the antenna can be made an
extended double Zepp, with radiators up to
about61 inches long. The stub will then be about
14 inches long, but it. should be adjusted as
should the point of connection of the balun, for
»ero reflected power. The extended double Zepp
has slightly more gain, but if used in a repeater
where transmitting and receiving antennas am
one above the other, it will have the disadvantage
of radiating some puwer at high angles, which
will reduce the isolation. The two-half-waves-
in~ph%*e system has better radiation character-
istics for this application, su it is shown in full
detail, with the dimensions arrived at experi-
mentally.
{Continusd on pof* 0?)
QST for
 k Transistors
BY ROBERT E. STOFFELS+
nt Part 2 we disciiSsed at some length the
I crystalline structure of germanium and sili-
con, specially when thesse materials contained
certain impurities, such as arsenic or Aluminum,
We introduced the concept of the "bole" - that
emptiness which could contain an electron — and
we assigned a positive charge to it,
We pointed out that an excess electron exists
in our crystal when au atom of arsenic, with Jive
electrons in its out-er orbit, i* substituted for an
atom of germanium; and that a hole exists in
our crystal when an atom of aluminum, with
three electrons in its outer orbit, is substituted
for an atom ol germanium. These electrons and
holes move about at normal room temperature,
but unless an electric potential is applied to the
crystal there is no particular direction to this
motion.
Germanium containing impurities such as
arsenic (i.e», with an extra electron in its outer
orbit) is called n-type germanium, aud these
impurities are called "donor" impurities, since
they would like to "donate" this extra electron.
On the other hand germanium containing im-
purities such as aluminum (i.e.» containing only
three instead of four electrons in its outer orbit
or, to put it another way, containing a "hole"
in it* outer orbit) is called p-type germanium,
and these impurities are called "acceptor*' im-
purities, since they would like to accept an elec-
tron from some other source.
Finally, we pointed out that these electrons
and holes would move in particular directions
under the influence of an electric potential. Any
excess electrons would move toward a positive
potential (remember, opposite* attract) and holes
move toward a negative potential.
This month we rfhall discuss the motion of
these electrons and holes in one particular case —
the semiconductor diode, or recti Her,
* Director, BA.X. Operations Automatic JBJeetrie labora-
tories, IneM Norbhlaka, ItI. 00X64, This tai-iea La n^rlated
from Tchphon* Eavint$r A Kanttoemtnti Brookhiil Puh-
liflbinc Company, Wheaton* Illinois 601S7.
When a pn junction i* farmed in a
semiconductor crystal, conduction of
current depends on the polarity of the
applied electromotive force.
January 1 9 7 0
Part 3—The Semiconductor Diode
In order to do this we must first define the
word ''ion.1' We liave previously emphasised
that even though in a particular germanium
crystal there are atoms that have five electrons
in their outer orbits, the entire crystal is still
neutral, since there is a compensating excess
proton in the nucleus. If, however, this excess
electron wanders about (as indeed it does) so
that it is not really a part of the atom, then the
remainder of the atom will, of course, be posi-
tively charged. And, the atom that contaius this
electron will be negatively charged, tiuch atoms,
which have lost or gained an electron, are called
ions. These ions are relatively fixed in any
material, aa you will recall, since they consist of
the nucleus and most of the electrons of an atom,
P-TYPE N-TYPE
Fig. 3-1 — P- and n-typa before [otnlng.
The PN Junction
Now, when n-type germanium and p-type
germanium are joined in the same crystal, an
unusual but very important phenomenon occurs
at the surface where contact is made. This con-
tact surface is referred to as a pn junction.
Fig. 3-1 nhows each of these two types of
germanium prior to joining. Notice that in the
p-type germanium there are shown several holes
(black spots) and a like number of negatively
charged ions. Likewise, in the n-type germanium
there are shown several excess electrons (black
bars) and a like number of positively charged
ions. The holes and the electrons are free to
wander, either in a random fashion or under the
influence of an electric potential. The ions remain
relatively fixed.
When these two pieces of germanium are
joined we see the results In Fig. 3-2. It should be
pointed out that the method by which we may
implement this joining is not simple — a straight-
forward physical contact, or a soldering of parts,
is not adequate. Rather the germanium crystal
must be grown as one combined piece, so as to
maintain the crystalline structure of the device.
25
Immediately after such a crystal is grown, the
holes in the left side of the crystal rush to combine
with the excess electrons ou the right side of the
crystal. Thus the holes and the exoe& electrons
are completely eliminated — the electrons be-
come part of an electron-pair bond.
This elimination of holes and excess electrons
leaves their associated ions uncompensated —
that is, au electron ur a hole has wandered off
and disappeared, and there is no means whereby
tile ion can acquire the proper charge to once
again become neutral.
manner as everything electrical—opposite
charges attract, and like charges repeL Thus,
in this example, the positive plate of the external
battery attracts the excess electrons un the right
side of the crystal* Thus the depletion region, or
that area devoid of boles and excess electrons,
is greatly enlarged in size*
Inasmuch as the depletion region has actually
been enlarged, and there is no possibility for
holes aud excess electrons to combine, then there
can be no current in the circuit. A reverse voltage,
or bias, has been applied to the junction; or,
more simply, the pn junction has been reverse-
biased.

i ® -
P-TYPE N-TYPE
Kg. 3-2—Depletion region b formed when p- and n-type P-TYPE N-TYPE
germanium are grown at a combined crystal.

Depletion Region S-4

The uncompensated ions form a negative
charge to the left of the junction, and a positive TOWARD BIAS
charge to the right of the junction. These charges, Kg. 3-4—Wffli forward bias, electrons and boles move
in turn, repel any additional negative electrons towards each other, reducing the depletion region.
that are trying to move from the right to the
left — and as a result a depletion region is formed* Fig. 3-4 shows what happens when we reverse
This depletion region is an area near the junction the external battery. Let us assume for the mo-
that is devoid of holes and excess electrons; ment that the potential of this battery is very
it is kept this way because uf therepellingforce low — on the order of tenths of a volt. However
of the ions on the opposite side of the junction. small this voltage may be, it does exert in-
The electric field set up by these ions is called a fluence upon the action in the pn crystal. In
junction barrier, and it has an actual physical this case the negative plate of the external
width* Note that this junction barrier exists battery repels the excess electrons on the right
even though the crystal is not connected to any side of the crystal, and the positive plate of the
sort, of an external battery. external battery repels the holes on the left side
In essence an equivalent battery has beeu pro- of the crystal. Thus the excess electrons and the
duced — the space charge, or barrier voltage, is holes move towards each other, and the depletion
called the height of the barrier, and is measured region is made smaller.
in volts. In a situation such as that described
above, where no external batteiy is utilized, the Conduction and Rectification
height of the junction barrier is un the order of
tenths of a volt. It was mentioned earlier that the height of the
barrier is on the order of tenths of a volt. Con-
sequently if we increase the potential of the
" T external battery above this value then the sise
0 1 ©"" © © of the depletion region is made very small, and
fl 0 i some of the holes and excess elections combine.
eQ^ © i• ffi**© ©
As each electron combines with a hole, an elec-
P-TYPE N-TYPE tron is injected into the n-type germanium from
the negative plate of the external battery, thus
compensating for the positive ion in this region
ilil±- H of the crystal. In the same manner, for each hole
which has combined with an excess electron,
REVERSE BIAS another electron breaks an electron-pair bond
Fig. 3-3—Applying reverie potential to pn cryrfal and heads for the positive terminal of the ex-
large* the depletion region. ternal battery, thus leaving in its wake a hole.
This new electron, and this new hole, both
Fig. 3-3 illustrates what happens when we drift toward the pn junction, and this motion of
apply a reverse potential to this pn crystal This electrons and holes is electric current.
potential has little effect upon the ions them- The pn crystal is, obviously, a diode or recti?
selves, but it does affect the holes and the excess jier. It permits current to flow in only one
electrons. And it functions in exactly the same direction, thus exhibiting a rectifying action.

2 6 052* for
Also, it has only two leads on it, thus the term 4. Is there a depletion region in a pn crystal even
diode. We uhould perhaps mention that the tvhm no external battery is applied t And, what
voltage necessary to overcome the natural junc- voltage must be applieti to overcome this barriert
tion barrier voltage is about 0,25 volt for a ger- 5. Approximately what voltage must be applied to
manium diode, and about 0.65 volt for a silicon a pn crystal in the reverse direction to cause it
diode. Notice that if the potential of the external to conduct1
battery is made too large, and if a protecting 6. / / a particular diode conducts in the forward
resistor is not placed in the circuit, the current direction when a voltage o/f soyf one volt ie ap-
will build up to a high value, excess heating will plied, then what voltage will appear across four
take place, and the crystal will destroy itself. diodes in seriest
The price of diodes has greatly decreased in
the past few years, A diode capable of carrying Anrnwrnrm:
several hundred milliamps, and able to with-
stand a reverse potential of up to 100 volts, 1. An ion is an atom which loses or gains an
now sells for only about 25 ur 50 cents. In many electron; hence it is electrically charged. As
applications, diodes of this nature are replacing a result, it will repel objects with a like charge
selenium rectifiers (which had to bave disturbing and attract objects with an opposite charge.
ly large cooling fins) and vacuum-tube rectifiers' 2. No. A pn junction can be formed only by
actually growing a crystal as one combined
Diodm CharactmriaticB piece. Only in this way will the crystalline
Probably the must important specifications of structure be con^mious.
the diode are its surge-current capacity, its 3. No. By definition a depletion region is that
average current capacity, and its peak inverse region around the junction which contains
voltage (PIV). The surge-current capacity and neither excess electrons nor holes.
the average current capacity are both dependent Yes, indeed I For most diodes something less
upon the hoat^withstanding capability of the than one volt must be applied to overcome
device, since it is heat which normally destroys this barrier.
a semiconductor. The peak inverse voltage, on 5. This is a characteristic of the particular diode
the other hand, is the maximum voltage which type, but its value is always greater than the
may be applied to the device in the reverse listed PIV (peak inverse voltage) of the diode.
direction without its " breaking down." (We 6. Four volts. Such a scheme has actually been
might mention that although a diode is normally used in some equipment to provide a constant
used in the forward direction, it will also conduct voltage. BiH
in the reverse direction if a high enough voltage
is applied. Such conduction will not necessarily
destroy the diode if the current is limited by, fMrfd rMfwrfarMrMrMrMrfsrfarfarMrMt'M
for instance, a resistor in the circuit. The Zener
diode, or reference diode, specifically utilizes | From the Museum of j
this characteristic, and, in fact, every diode has
what is known as a "Zener," or breakdown re- 2 Amateur Radio 3
gion. We shall learn more about this phe-
nomonum in a later article).
Before leaving the subject of diodes, we should
reemphasise one characteristic: the forward re-
sistance of a diode is not zero ohms; rather this
resistance depends upon the voltage applied,
and until the particular barrier potential is over-
come this resistance is extremely large. This
characteristic of a diode is successfully utilized
in many of our circuits. It makes, for instance, a
very effective ] muter. For if a low voltage is
applied to a wire, and if this wire is connected
to ground through a diode, then conduction in
the diode will occur only if the amplitude of the
input voltage excecds the forward breakdown
voltage of the diode. Other applications of
diodes will be discussed when we investigate
actual circuits.
QuamHonm:
t* Whati*anition"t 2 This Is on unusual type vertical Vlbropkx. II 2
ft Can a pn junction be formed by soldering a E* oca;pies quite a small space on the desk. This X
has a very nice touch Indeed and I found It difficult 2
piece of p-type germanium to a piece of n4ype 2 to Imitate a "Lake Erie Swing" with it. 2
gertntmiumf
& Does a depletion region contain any excess i -w,ana i
eUctronst MJCMMCMNJeMeMMMMMeilCMMlMKM

January 1970 27
 Instant Frequency-Change Trans-
ceiving with the SB-301 and SB-401
Switch Selection of Two Traneceive Frequencies
BY JOHN H. LEHMAN/ WABHHO
T takes something a little special either in the
I way of courage or perhaps stupidity to attack
a brand new, just-finished Heath SB-301-
401 combination station with an electric drill,
but that is what I did. As designed it has only
two option* of frequency control: transceive
controlled by the LMO in the 301, or split oper-
ation with each unit controlled by its own LMO.
Most of my operation is in transceive mode, and
there are times I wish to be set on the Ohio
Bide band Net yet switch instantaneously to
the Eye Bank Net or perhaps chase up and
down looking for a clear space. It seemed a shame
to have a perfectly good LMO sitting there in
the 401 idle 99 percent of the time when it
could also operate the two units in transceive.
A switch pattern was worked out on paper
that would add the one additional mode of
operation, as shown in Fig. 1. (I'll admit that
other patterns are possible and that dual receive
could also be obtained, but didn't wish to add
it unless some lock was also added that would
prevent dual transmitting.) There are switches
available someplace that would do the job with-
out modification, but we are in one of those
areas where the parts houses only stock items
they will sell once in two or three years, so an
attempt was made to modify a switch salvaged
from the junk box. By some very careful solder-
ing an extra contact area can be added to the
rotating element to make each section short two
contacts as well as feed signal to them. A switch
was chosen that had both feeds on a single wafer,
so there would be no parallel surfaces, as might
be the case with adjacent separate sections, and
therefore less possibility for capacitive feed*
through of the unused signal*
A switch was built and tried temporarily by
blocking up the cabinet lids so the cables could
be strung between the sets. A phono plug was
placed on the cables going to the LMOs and a
* 746 Starlight Terra*. Mansfield, Ohio 44004
28
TO
SOT
CKT
fig. 1—»Reor vt«w of the switch layout. The switch was
made from a two-dncult rotary switch wafer by soldering
an extra contact on eadi movable ring segment so that
adjacent f f x e d contacts are connected together. Unused
fixed contacts are not shown. Phono plugs (Pi, Fsl and
sockets Uu J%) at the ends of connecting cables mate
with existing sockets and plugs on the 301 aid 401.
The switch b shown in position 1, with the 301 LMO
controlling both the 301 and 401. bi position 2, the 301
LMO Controls the 301 and the 401 LMO controb the
401, In position 3, the 401 LMO oantrols bath the 401
and 301.
phono jack was placed on the cables going to
the units' circuitry, so that no modification
was needed to test the idea. It worked about as
expected except that there is about a 300-cycle
shift in frequency from transceive to split oper-
ation because of the change in loading. This shift
is no worse than was observed in the original
design and could be lived with, so we forged on-
ward by adding another switch wafer to turn on
an indicator light in the unit that was controlling
frequency* This was a simple switch and may or
may not be desired! so no circuit is shown for it»
About this time WA8&WK, who also has the
same equipment, asked to help test it out. After
helping check us uut for absence of the unused
signal or products of the combinations he offered
to put one in his rig. From then on it was a dual
effort, since Dick was as enthusiastic as I about
its performance. Both units were installed per-
manently and given frequent checks by many of
the other members of the Ohio Single Sideband
Net.
P m l additions in WA8MHO's modification include Hie
swltdv upper left on the SB-401 (right), and pilot lights
alongside the tuning dials. The lights are not an essential
part of Hie modification but are convenient for indicating
whidi coiabtaaffoa Is h use.
QST for

Ths complete Installation. The modification does not require
changing any wire in either unit.
The permanent installation was placed in the
401 cabinet to the left of the final and above
the driver controls in line with the existing knobs
The indicator lamps were placed just to the left
of the dial on the 401 and to the right of the
dial on the 301. We chose to drill the sides of
the cabinets to route cables and the indicator
light lead through, rather than take a chance
on longer unequal-length cables that would have
to be used if the extra sockets on the backs were
used. An alligator clip is used on the lead to
the 301 lamp so it also can be removed.
The system has been in use here about five
months and at WA8RWK about three months,
with no problems. It has also been shown to a
The switch and cables in the 401. Cables to the 301 run
through holes In the sides of the cabinets, thus keeping
them short.
Heath engineer who suggested it should be
written up and offered as an unofficial modifier
tion. They could see nothing wrong with it but
of course could not approve it without extensive
testing.
One word of caution: The 401 mode switch
must be in the correct sideband position when
using that LMO or the dial will be shifted to
an incorrect indication of about 3 kHz. Of course
any jump up or down the band will require its
usual adjustment of receiver preselector and
transmitter final as before.
I hope thiB modification will prove helpful
to some others in extending the versitility of a
very fine rig. IHffFH
January 1970
January 1943
. . , The cover photograph brings book some memories.
Here is a typewriter with a strip of paper tope being pulled
along from right to left* The characters of the code are
depicted by the e&oursions the pea makes above the base
line. Reading left to right, it says "men xmas." The rig
that makes the characters is a siphon recorder. A capillary
tube Feeds the ink from a vertical slot to paper.
. . - The Editor Is looking ahead to how things will be once
we get back on the air. Hie doesn't foresee any worldpeholdng
changes in our situation, just better components, better
antennas and better design. He strongly hints at automatic
relay stations on the ultra highs. The activities of the head*
quarters staff meanwhile are described. Understaffed and
working long hour*, they have accomplished a great deal,
including a revision of the Handbook, Work is constantly
going with regard to preserving our frequencies.
. . . Cyrus Read, W9AA, visits WABD, a Damont tele-
vision station and reports on the progress of the art as
seen from an amateur's point of view. He describes what
goes on in a television studio during a Uve TV program, how
the seta are painted and what color lipstick the girls have to
wear. Very interesting!
. . * "A Miniature Ham-Band C.W. Station," operating
on 115 vac is described by Sheldon W. Gates, WSVWK.
The whale thing goes into a small vanity case. Handy for
portable work. — W1ANA
January 1920
. < . "Dr. Radio"has the leading article on "Long-Distance
200-Metw Work." Don't know far sure just who he was,
but his writing style does not conjure up the name of Hinun
Percy Maxim. Anyway, he discusses the spark transmitter
and gives really sound information on the antenna, slse of
condenser, numbers of turns in the O.T.. etc. He makes out
a pretty good case for the fan antenna, popular with those
having a couple of bsli masts in the back yard. Reading
farther, he describes H»P/a spark gap (whioh Is now in
operation at W1AW, for benefit of old timers). So, it does
soond like Maxim, after all. He deplores the attempts of
hams to simulate the 500-oytle notes of commercial
quenched gap sets and beltaves in high-speed, low-note rigs
with some Justification.
. . . fiLKruse has a jolly piece on Masts. I got a real chuckle
oat of it, A-frame antenna supports without guy wires. They
just leaned away from each other.
. . » Louis Paoenb has Part 11 of his " Wavemeter Construo*
tion and Operation,1' Some hams are still using wavemeten,
you know. This was a Radio Club of America paper, origi-
nally,
. . . The first postwar trans-continental relay took place.
This took place via 6EA, LFCLouis Faleoni, Boswell, N.M.)
9 BT, SAD and I AW. Guess good old Louie hadn't bothered
to get a license at that time, — WiANA
Stravs "ft
Feedback
The chart on page 20 of the November issue
(gtoffels, "Let's Talk Transistors") has a aero
between 10 and 10~i in the reactance scale. It should
have been 10°— that is, 1.
29
 B&qbuwt. and 97OPACQ
A Coaxial Band Checker
BY LEVIS 6 . M c C O Y / WUCP
x talking to Novices, one problem that many
I of tbem have is in the initial set up of their
station* It is quite common that a Novice will
set up a station, get everything tuned up, and
then call and call without getting a reply to their
calls. Several things could be wrong in such an
installation. We have found that the Novice is
nearly always ready to blame his antenna as the
source of the trouble. Actually, eveu in a very
poor location, almost any antenna will produce
contacts. The second thing the Novice blames
is low power, according to his reckoning of what
low and high power actually is. Let's get one
thing clear about power, it only takes A few watts
Input to produce good, solid contacts on the
Novice bands, assuming everything is tuned up
correctly and the power output is actually reachr
ing the antenna.
There are two common problems for the Novice
that can result in no answers to calls. One of them
is the lack of power actually reaching the an tenna
and the other is calling on one band but mistaken-
ly listening on another. The last seems a little
foolish but believe it or not, it can happen quite
easily, and often does.
Many transmitters, whether home-built or
commercial, can be made to tune up on some
other band than what the bandswitch says. For
example, you could switch the rig to 80 meters,
tune up, but actually be on 40 meter*. Naturally,
with such a tune up you would ftmfc you are on
80, and of course be listening on 80t but your
signal would actually be on 40, And no matter
how long you called, you would never get any
answers that way!
What happens is that the coil and capacitor
combination for any particular baud may &ctu-<
ally be Lunable on more than one band. In addic-
tion to the 80-meter example, tuning up on 15
is even more likely to give false results. As an
example, let's assume we have a pi-network tank
circuit in the final amplifier stage and our tuning
capacitor has a maximum capacitance of 150 pF
* Novice Editor.
One problem that bothmrm tfovicee, after getting thmir Ucmnmrn and getting
thmir station all wmt, im to call and call without getting any repXze*. Here if a mimplm
dmviem that mkowm you when you arm on tho right band and harm povrer going to
thm antenna.
30
At the upper right b the tuning knob and diait for CI.
The bandswitch Is at the upper center and the meter
sensitivity control b just below the bandiwttch, at the
center. The pick up loop Is visible at the left.
with a minimum, including circuit strays, of 20 pF,
the loading capacitor has a maximum of 1000
pFr and that our tank coil on Id is 1 fdL When
capacitors are set at maximum capacitance our
circuit will resonate at 14 MHs and at Twinimiifn
capacitance, well above 28 Mils. So, in addition
to our 15-meter tuning, the circuit will also hit
2U and 10 meters! And don't think for one minute
this doesn't actually happen. When you get your
General class license and get on 20 and 10 you'll
frequently hear Novices on those bands.
You'll hear Novices who have the problem of
getting replies say that they know they are on
the right hand because they can hear their own
signal on their receiver in the correct place. Let's
make one thing clear: It is almost impossible
to determine which is the correct frequency by
listening to your own signal on the station re-
ceiver. An experienced operator, by removing the
antenna and reducing the audio and rf gain
controls, can sometimes make an educated guess
as to which signal is the fundamental but he
wouldn't want to bet his shirt on it. The problem
is that it is well-nigh impossible to keep from
overloading the station receiver from your own
transmitter. Eveu a nearby ham would have
problems listening to your signal and trying to
determine the fundamental because of the over-
bading problem.
QSZ1 for
 Thm Band Chmckmr
One way around the problem of determining
if one is on the right band, and if power is flowing
to the antenna, is with the simple device de-
scribed here. The Band Checker is simply an
absoiption~type wavemeter that can be inserted
in the feed line to the antenna system* The unit
will show you visually whether or not you are
putting out. on the correct bandr and also give
you a relative indication of powerflowingthrough
the line to the antenna.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the Band Checker.
The heart of the unit is the tunable band-owitch-
ing circuity CiL%. Depending on the band switch
position, the unit will cover 80- through 10
meters. Coaxial fittings are mounted on the ends
of a 2 X 3 X 5-inch Mini box and a single wire
lead is connected to the two fittings. The trans-
mitter output connected via coaxial line to
one side of the box and the antenna feeder to the
other side.
When rf flows through the line in the box, a
very small amount of rf is coupled to the tuned
circuity LgCu This small amount of rf is then
rectified by CR\ and the dc is then fed to the
meter, Mu where it can be observed on the meter
scale. The control, Rif is used to adjust the sen-
sitivity of the meter.
In the first position of when the capacitor
C\ is near maximum capacitance, the circuit is
tuned to the 80-meter band. When the capacitor
is set near minimum capacitance, plates un-
meshed, the circuit will tune to 40 meters.
Therefore, in the first switch position, it is very
easy to determine quickly if the rfflowingthrough
the unit is from 80 or 40 meters.
Ftg. 1 — Circuit diagram el the Band Checker. Tha 0,001
pF capacitors are dbfc ceramic.
Q — 1 4 0 pF variable (Hammertund HF-140, or similar).
CR]—1N34A germanium diode.
Ju Coax chassis fitting* type SO-239.
Ja—Phono fade.
Li—See text.
U ~ S e e text (call b wound on Antidon Assoc 1 torold core,
type 1-68-2).
M i — 0 - 1 miHIamnieterj a more sensitive type can be used
tf desired,
Ri>—23,000-ohm control
I Aimdon AiioeUiu, 12033 Ofeuo St North Holly-
wood, Calif. 01607
January 1970
The second position of the switch covers 40
meters at maximum capacitance of C\f and 20
meters at minimum. In the third position, we
have 20 meters near maximum, 15 meter* near
the halfway setting of C\s and 10 meters near
minimum.
To further utilise the Band Checker J%f a
phono jack, was installed at one end of the Mint
box. A two-turn pickup loop can be plugged into
Jt and coupled to L% via a three-turn loop, L\
that is wound on Z*. In many instances, an ama-
teur would want to troubleihoot a transmitter,
possibly to see if an oscillator is oscillating, or
if a doubler is doubling, or if a stage is amplifying,
and the Band Checker can be used for this pur-
pose. All you need do is remove the Band Checker
from the feed line, plug the two-turn pickup loop
into Jif and bring the pickup loop near the coil
in the stage in the transmitter that is being
checked. By tuning the C\l4 combination it is
easy to see, via Afi, if the transmitter stage is
"putting out" on the right frequency.
Conmtraction Detail*
As can be seen from the photographs, the
construction is quite simple. There are only a
couple of points to be mentioned. The coax
fittings are mounted at the lower corners of the
box to permit clearance for the other comr
ponents. Lt consists of a total of 47 turns of No.
24 enamel wire with taps at 19 turns and 9 turns.
Start off with a 42-inch length of wire, leaving
2 inches of length for thefirstlead. Wind 9 turns
on the toroid and then make a tap lead about 2
inches long. The wire can be wound back on itself
for the tap lead. Proceed with the winding until
the 19th turn and then make another tap lead.
Finish up the winding of 47 turns and trim off
the excess to Leave a lead 2 inches long. The entire
coil tunes the 80-40 meter-range. Shorting out
all but 19 turns provides 40-20-meter coverage,
and shorting all but 9 turns gives 20 through
10-meter coverage. The link Li consists of 3 turns
wound directly over the other coiL A ^-inch
diameter rubber grommet can be inserted inside
the winding and then the assembly can be slid
over the connecting line between the two coax
fittings. The connecting tiile is a piece of No. 14 or
16 solid wire.
In making the external two-turn pickup loop
use insulated wire. The loop must be brought into
close proximity with coils and circuits that are
operating with voltages on them, and the
insulated wire helps prevent accidental contact
with "live11 circuits. In fact, when using the unit
around transmitters or receivers for checking
circuits, it is a good idea to put a ground lead
on the Band Checker box and connect the ground
lead to the transmitter ground (we assume that
you have your transmitter chassis grounded to
an earth ground). The diameter of the pickup
loop isn't critical but should be lA inch or more.
Calibrating Tim Unit*
Plug an 80-meter crystal into your rig and
tune up into a dummy load, on 80 meters. With
31
 In any event, the harmonic can be used for a
calibration check if it shows up. Otherwise, yuu
can tune up on 40 and find the indicator. With
the rig tuned to 40, switch St to the next position
and locate the 40-meter reading near the maxi-
mum setting of The 20-meter band will be
near the minimum setting. The same procedure
can be used oti tlie next band. However, be sure
to use a dummy load for this setup if you are a
Novice, otherwise you are likely to have a
sigual on a band you are nut supposed to be on.
In using the wavemeter with the pickup loop,
aU you need do is bring the loop close to the cir-
cuit being checked and adjust the CiL% circuit for
an indication. This will show you where the
circuit being checked is actually operating.
Karlier we said that one uf the other problems
in making contacts was irt knowing that power
was actually getting to the antenna. I t should
be apparent by this time that the Band Checker
will also show if power is going to the antenna,
and of course, uti the right band. The Band
Checker can of course be used as an output
indicator We always tune up a rig using an
output iudicator. One thing to keep in mind,
the more reading indicated by the Band Checker
meter, the more power going to the antenna.
Aa long as you keep the amplifier plate current
within the instruction book or tube ratings, the
best method of tuning up is by maximum output,
regardless of plate current dip. InwM

This photo shows the Internal parts of the band chedcer.

The toroid is supported on the center tead
by a rubber grommet. ter S t r a y s " f t
the unit in the line for the transmitter output to
the load, set S% to the 80-melar switch position.
Next, tune Ci to nearly maximum capacitance
(plates fttily meshed) and you should get a
reading on Adjust #1 so the muter doesn't
gu off scale. We used a small piece of stiff card-
board , mounted under the mounting nut of C%9
for a calibration chart. With the rig tuned up on
80» and an indication of Afi, tnarlc this spot on
your calibration chart, indicating the HO-meter
band. We should point out that a wavemefcer is
not a frequency meter in that it will not provide
an exact frequency check. I t -will show you the
correct band, but not an exact frequency,
BENJAMIN HQSKINS PADDUCK
Next, with the rig tuned up on 80, tune <?i
near minimum capacitance and you may find F B I No. 4.530,629
another reading. This would be 40 meters or
slightly higher, depending on the frequency of THi man is wanted by the FBI for bank robbery and
the 8(Wneter crystal. It would also indicate that escape, currently being on the FBfi Est of 10 most wanted
your second harmonic is actually flowing to the fugfflvfti He is 6'4", 243 lbs., large build, medium com*
dummy load. We tried two different commercial plexkut His Mends call Urn "Ci*oinedomo>" "Old Baldy,"
rigs and found that we euuld get a second- or " K g Daddy," Glib and fast-talking; hat been em-
harmonic indication with the instrument. This ployed as a service station operator and auto mechanic;
doesn't mean that your second harmonic would been convicted of automobile larceny and confidence
game; considered armed and extremely dangerous,
he strong enough to cause problems if fed to
QST publishes this announcement at the request of the
antenna, but if you do have one showing it Federal Bureau of Investigation, because tinder the name
Is a good idea to take some of the steps outlined of Patrick B. Paddock in Tucson, Arizona, he was llceraed
in Understatiding Amateur Radio to eliminate at K7J1H from 1959 to 1964. If you have any Information,
the harmonic. notify the nearest FBI office*

32 QST £or
 Antennas for 80-Meter DX
B Y PETER L DALTON,* K2RBT/6
ith the announcement of the new Five-
W Band DXCXJ award, and a decrease in
sunspot activity not too far off, 80 meters
is mire to play an increasing rule in OX operation.
In contemplating work on this bond, the antenna
m obviously the chief problem. Some of the types
that have been found to be effective will be dis-
cussed here.
Sloping Dipolmm
One simple antenna worth considering is the
sloping dipole shown in Fig. 1. This antenna has
proven itself for yearo at W1BU, WIFJLtli,
W1IIM and other stations. Using one of these
antennas after moving to California, I was able
to work all continents on 75 ssb within the first
three weeks nf operation. Stations in Europe
were worked each evening that the antenna was
tried, the best signal report being 58 from
CT2AT. During thin perifid, no European sta-
tions were heard on a horizontal dipole 40 feet
above ground.
The antenna slopes from the top of & 100-foot
tower to a support at ground level, making an
angle of about 30 degrees with the Lower. Recep-
tion in Europe indicate* that this angle is about
optimum for DX. The antenna exhibits some
front-to-back ratio — about 10 db. The wire
should be sloped downward in the direction in
which communication m must desired.
Sloping reflectors, as shown in Fig. 2, have
sometimes been used with a sloping dipole. The
exact degree of improvement has not been estab-
lished, although there appears to he some. The
reflector wires should each he Ji to 10 percent
lunger than the driven element, and may be run
* Miorowave Associates (Wert), Suonyvale, Calif. 940Q8.
joo»ft.
HAST"*
Fig, 1—Low-angle radiation from a dipole can be tn-
arvosfld by sloping the wire in the direction of the receiving
station. A slope angle of about 40 degrees appears
to be optimum for DX.
January 1970
so ah to make horizontal angles of between 70
and (K) degrees with the latter.
W1FZJ/KP4 uses two sloping dipoles as a
bmadwide army, thn dipoles being spaced %
wavelength and fed in phase. (The wires run
parallel, one to one side of the other.) The feeding
system consists of equal lengths of 50-ohm coax
cable, joined with a T connector, and then
50-ohm line to the transmitter*
I have heard tape recordings comparing this
antenna with some others, and they indicate
that it- is one of the best. The sloping elements
cause the radiation pattern to be essentially
unidirectional.
Phased Verticals
An antenna that I used in New Jersey for
several years, and une that can be very effective
if pruperly installed, is the imidirectional end-
lire phased array shown in Fig, 3, Two quarter*
wave verticals with insulated bases are required.
It needs at Least 00 feet uf flat ground, preferably
at the top of a hill, free from surrounding objects.
The two verticals are spaced wavelength (I
used a spacing of 60 feet), au<i are fed 90 degrees
out of phase,
A good ground system is an important part of
the installation, I used about 20,000 feet uf wire
to rim radials from the base of eachtower,spacing
the radials at intervals of about 2 degrees.
Alternate radials wereftiade200 and 60 feet long.
The wire WAS laid on the surface of the ground
fnut buried). At the baae of each vertical, ail
8-foot copper pipe was driven into the ground,
and all radials, as well as the outer conductor of
the ociax feed Une, were connected to the pipe.
?
i
i
/
/
REFLECTORS
w
7
V RAoutnoii
i \
Bg. 2—Sloping reflectors may be added to the sloping
dipole, as mentioned in the text.
33

e*
RADIATION
tOFTM-t/U 9g*7* WS-S/ll
Rt-S/U
TO W T R .
ft*-B/U >
a not exceeding 1.7 to 1, so further attempts toward
The 90-degree phasing is obtained by making
the feed line to one element H wavelength longer
than the feed line to the other element. Tlie
length of this phasing line can be calculated from
L (tL) - 246V
L (fU
-fimry
where V is the velocity factor of the cable used
for the phasing section (0»66 for ordinary coax,
or 0,77 fur Polyfoam). In Fig. 3, tui electrical
quarter wave (RG-8/U) at 3800 kUz is 42 feet,
7 inches, but since the line to the left-hand ele-
ment is 10 feet long, this length must be added
to the right-hand side to make that line wave-
length longer than the line on the left-hand side.
Thus, the total length on the right-hand side is
52 feet, 7 Inches.
With the relay in the normal position shown,
transmission is in the direction of the arrow. For
ALL AS-t/ll
34
fig, 3—A, vertical end-ftre
consisting of two quarter-wave ele-
ments fed 90 degrees out of phase.
As shown, maximum radiation it in the
direction of the arrow. The direction
is reversed by switching in the &5-foot
arr section of One. See the text for details
of the phasing system.
transmission in the opposite direction, the relay
in its energised position inserts enough cable to
make the line on the left-hand side H wavelength
longer than the line on the right-hand side. With
the dimensions shown in Fig. 3, the system
operated from 3500 to 38UU kHz with an SWR
matching were not considered necessary.
Because of its low vertical angle, this antenna
has considerable discrimination against signals
from stations under 2000 miles distant There is
also enough directivity to cause a noticeable
decrease in noise, compared to a dipole. Since
successful reception is more than half of the job,
these are important considerations. While British
Broadcasting was transmitting on 3953 kHz, the
signals were usually completely blocked by local
W2 &sb signals, when using a dipole tiO feet in
the air. During lapses of QJiM, the broadcast
signal registered S9 to 10 dB over 89 on the 8
meter. Upon switching to the array, the QRM
disappeared completely, and the BBC signal rose
to a solid 40 to 60 dB above 39. Canadian QRM
below 3800 kHz was similarly attenuated, and
there was no trouble in copying Russian sub
on 3040 through Stateside cw and R.TTY.
When working cw, local QRM is knocked down
to a level that permits solid DX copy (and
W3MSK can be pretty strong in New Jersey).
I made many tapes demonstrating this difference
and sent them to European DXera. The common
response was, "Unbelievable."
When transmitting with the dipole, 1 was fre-
quently reported 40 to 50 dB. over S9 along the
East Coast, while European r»<
ports were usually below SB. With
the array, reports from locals
dropped to S7 to S9, while the
Europeans reported me 156 dB
over S9. I was also reported S9
in Antarctic, and received oora«
parably good reports from Africa
a***1 and Asia. My best contact was
a long-path QSO with 0M2DW
during the early evening hours.
Bg» 4—This b a broadside array made
up of two end-Are arrays similar to
R0. 3. Maximum radfaKon is in the diredton of the
arrow. To obtain a reversal of the pattern, 85-foot
pharing sections must be inserted in series with the
10-foot section* as in Fig. 3*
QSZ1 fox

Fig* 5—Broadside bidirectional array using half-wove
Rg. 6—Horizontal array asing two half-wave dementi
drivon 90 degree* out of phase. The phasing may be
accomplished using the method shown in Fig. 3.
January 1970
Vertical Broadside Array
Where space permits, two arrays of the type
just described can be spaced H to % wavelength
apart and fed in phage, a* shown in Fig. 4. The
pattern is a cardioid with maximum radiation in
the direction of the arrow. The direction can be
reversed by inserting 85-foot lengths of RCWl/U
in series with the 10-foot sections, as was done
in fig. 3.
In this array, the feed-point impedance is
about 25 oluns. This can be transformed to 100
ohms using a matching section of 50-ohm cable
an oild number of quarter waves long ( % wave-
length showu in Fig. 4). The two sides connected
in parallel at the T connector then provide a
50-ohm termination for the line to the trans-
mitter.
Horizontal Arraym
Figs. 5 through 7 show other types of arrays
that may be considered if the space and necessaiy
tower height are available. The towers should
be at least 150 feet high, and preferably 200 feet
The antenna of Fig, 5 consists of two half
waves fed iu phase. This antenna is bidirectional!
broadside.
The arrangement in Fig. 6 is unidirectional,
and is similar iu principle to the vertical array of
Fig. 3. The two half-wave elements are fed 90
degrees out of ptiase, and the phasiug system
may be the same as shown in Fig, 3.
The antenna of Fig. 7 consists of two arrays of
the type shown in Fig. 6 stacked vertically for
greater gain and directivity.
In all of these three examples, the feed-point
impedance should be measured, and a suitable
matching system worked out.
Before concluding, I should mention that I, as
well as many others, have tried long wires (sev-
eral wavelengths long), as well as parasitic arrays
of the inverted-V dipole type, and the concensus
is that they do not work well enough tn justify
the labor involved. Possibly they would do better
at greater heights, although some of the in-*
verted-V antennas tried were as high as 90 feet
at the center.
For most of us, 100 countries on 80 will be the
toughest part of qualifying for 5BDXCC. How-
ever, with a proper antenna, it can be done.
When I displayed some of my 135 confirmations
after coming to the West Coast, tlie typical
comment was, "That's easy to do from the East
Coast." Well, it isn't exactly easy from the East
Coast, but W6DQ has worked 101, and W6GEN,
W6RW and W6BBH have run -up some impre^
stve totals, so it seems likely that the West
Coasters won't be far behind in the race.
Fig* 7—Array* similar to Fig. 6 may be stacked, as
35
 Hints«»«Kinks
For t h e E x p e r i m e n t e
USING A TV RECEIVER FOR AMATEUR
FM
"Stray" in August, lyffl, QHT, page 1M,
A begins with the statement: " H isn't often
that an error gues more than a year without
detection," This prompts mo to write you about
another item which might require Additional
information to make it usable to many readers.
The article referred to appeared in November,
1903, Q81\ in "Hint* and Kinks/' page flfi, and
was repeated in Volume VII of the AitHL
publication of thin name.
Called "Wide-Band P.M. H e a v e r — T h e
ftasy Way," the article id not in error, in the
true sense of the word, but the receiver will not
function as described. The missing information
is undoubtedly the result of the author'* assump-
tion that the reader is fully familiar with the
superheterodyne principle as used in TV re-
ceivers. Home newer hams might not he.
The author suggests using an old TV receiver,
after discarding the picture tube, for getting on
50 MHs and higher amateur bands. This idea
and the article in July, 1951, QS1\ on the twe nf
the Standard TV Tuner1 are excellent, and de-
serve more attention. My first experience mi 6
meter* came via this mute, tut the result uf the
1051 article. But the ''Hints and Kinks" item
does not nu ke it clear that a second oscillator
must be built into the TV receiver to convert
the picture i-f to the 4.6-MHz sound intermediate
frequency for the system to work as described.
In a normally-functioning television receiver,
this conversion takes piano when the picture and
1 Tiltou, "Kandftwitohraft VHF < -nav^rter and Harmonic
Checker/' Q8Tt July, 19Att p. S3- MameiQfortnftt-iAniBgLven
in Chapter 4 of 77* HmHit Amateur** VM.P*
Conversion information (tppUen ho Kpvoifie mnH«U nf the
Standard TV Tuner, thoughraroilsradaptation* txmld ho
worked out for other TV receiver front ends.
fig* ]—Variable-gain amplifier having the desirable
of a remote-cutoff pentode. Component
designators are for text reference.
36
sound carriers, M i l s apart, beat together
to produce the wound i-f. The required oscillator
can be a wry simple affair, since the tuning will
be done with the tine-tuning control at the front
pud nf the receiver, when a TV tuner is used.
The second oscillator could be wired into the
circuit using one of the now-unused horizontal
nr vertical circuit tubes and it* associated
circuitry, — Avgwtt It. Varrus, IV9BZF
FET CIRCUIT FOR AGC-CONTROLLED
AMPLIFIERS
WKhaveneeded a variable-gain amplifier t hat would
nearly-constant input and output im-
pedances with changes in age voltage, relatively-
large signal-handling capability, and an immu-
nity from the usual adverse effects of automatic-
gain control. Kemote-cutoff pentodes and some
integrated circuit* were considered, but the ones
we had Keen suffered from major deficiencies:
The pentodes used considerable heater power
and demanded high dc potentials, while the
integrated rircuits lacked signal-handling capa-
bility and were subject to impedance variations
with gain utmtrol changes.
The dilution to th« problem i» *hown in
si-hematic form in Fig. L 0} couples the signal
into the circuit, and KFC\ provides a high
impedance to the signal and a low-impedance
path for the age potential, Cs* tfs ftnd C+ are
bypass capacitors* and lit provide bias for
the base of transistor Qxr and L\ and form
a resonant circuit at the signal frequency. Ri
and liq form a, resistive divider that divides
both the signal and the age potential applied
to the gate of Q\ and applies the divided energy
to the gate of
The two FETs, Q\ and with drains in
parallel, sources in parallel, and gates tied to*
QST lor
getter through resistive divider IixR*f produce TRANSISTOR VXO FOR VHF
a transfer characteristic that makes the circuit TRANSMITTERS
perform like a remote-cutoff pentode. At low jrvjbral years ago QHT carried an article by
valuer of age bias both FISTs ooutribute to the
forward transfer admittance (similar to the
S W1ITDQ on a variable-frequency crystal
oscillator for vhf transmit tew.1 1 didn't want
tnmsconductance of a vacuum tube). Since the to use vacuum tubes, BO I made a few changes
signal is attenuated by the resistive divider, Q% and built the transistor version shown in Fig. 3.
does not contribute as much to the forward From all reports this gadget works like a charm,
transfer admittance under Ipw values uf age — William M. Row, Jr.f W4JDR
bias a* Qi does. As the bias is increased, Q\
approaches cutoff more rapidly than Qg because VI EHCffr AS MDICATED, DECIMAL VALUES O
the bias applied to Qt is divided by and A* CAPACITANCE ARE IN MICROFARADS X MP
OTHERS ARE M PICOFARADS < pF 0*
By selecting a suitable ratio for Hi to Jt«, the dc RESISTANCES ARE M 0KMS;fc'1000.
transfer characteristics of the FBTs can be
optimized for a smooth transition of the transfer
characteristics or for remoteness of cutoff. Since
the signal is divided by the resistors, for the Mk
same amount of distortion in the drain current
larger signals may be applied to the input than
could be if the bases of Qi and Qs were connected
in parallel.
The grounded-base transistor, Qt, provides
a low-impedance drain load for Qi and Q%> The
cumparatively-low emitter impedance of Qs re- Fig. 3—Transistor V X O for vhf transmitters. Fixed capa-
citors are disk ceramic; and resistors are
duces the reverse energy transfer from drain to
!£-watt oamposfflon.
gate of Q\ and and therefore, by reducing C i — 1 0 0 - p F per section iplit-stator variable (Hatnmar-
the Miller effect, reduces input-impedance vari- lund HFELIOO).
ations as a function of changes in age voltage. L—1^-29-mH slvg-tuned coil (Miller 4407).
This reduction of the Miller effect m especially Q i — U U O p-channel FET ISiRconix Inc., 1140 West
important in rf and i-f amplifiers where inputs Evelyn Ave., Sunnyvale,. California 94086).
impedance variations can alter the bandwidth Qs—2N3251.
and center frequency of the previous stage. RFCi—3.3-mHrf choke.
The output impedance of Q* remains high during Y i — 6 * or 8*MHx crystal. For a greater frequency swing
changes in age voltage, thus minimising the than is normally available with ordinary crystal*
crystals especially art far V X O use may b e
variations in loading across tuned circuit LiC* •— employed. Piezo Crystal Co*, Carlisle, Pa. 17013,
NASA Tech Brief 6M08M will supply sudi crystals for $7.00 each.
PILOT LAMP LIFE-EXTENDER
o you ever get tired of replacing burnt-out
ELIMINATING RELAY CHATTER D ilO-volt pilot lamps in your ham radio gear?
n the article, "Touch Control/1 which ap- Jiiftt put a 400-PRV rectifier (with a higher cur-
I peared in the "Gimmicks and tiadgete" rent rating than ihe lamp concerned) in series
column of Q8T for June, 1969, it was mentioned with each bulb and raise the life expectancy of
that a 115-volt ac relay connected to the output your pilot lamps fr near infinity. -The light im-
might chatter. One solution to this problem is pairment will be minor. — David Robinwn9
to eomvect a diode across the relay coil as shown W1NEB
in Fig. 2.* — William Walsh, WBSQLR QSL CARD HOLDERS
1 an article in u Hints A Kinks" column of
F
2 Analternativei* to connect* J0-pF, 150-voit electrolytic
Q8T for October, 1969, WN4LS8 stated that
aercwi bbe relay coil. The negativerideof the capacitor a QSL card holder that holds 20 cards costs 99
Hhotild wo to the «frfo of the output socket connected to the
anode of tbe 8CR. — Kditor. cents. The author has made an error; the correct
prifle is actually 30 cents each when ten holders
are bought, or cents each when only three
holders are purchased. I know this to be true,
r since my concern, the Tu, Paper & Box Co.,
P. O. Box 198, Gallatin, Tn. 37066, is the
TOUGH
COKTROt* sole manufacturer of the QtiL card holders
U»V f OUTPUT referred to in the article, and since I hold a U.3.
(PULSATING 21
c 1 dc) i patent on these holders. — John Bm Thorna*,
I
cm
srr KiNMT
I £5) (A check with WN4IJ3S revealed that he was
given an incorrect price quote by a dealer in the
j CATHK^/anooc J
QSL card holders. — Edilor)
* Til ton, " A Stable but Variable Frequency-Control
Fig. 2—CRif a 200-PKV, 500-mA silicon diode, prevents System for the V.HJ. Bands," QSTt July, 1963, p. 11.
chatter when a 115-vol* ac relay, Ki, is used with the Same information is siren In Chapter 6 of Tk$ Radio
"Touch Control." Amateur1* VMJP. Manual*

January 1970 37
 ^Recent Equipments
a c q u a i n t you witlitbe technical
Allied A-2516 Receiver
to the 1970 edition of Allied Itadio's
A annual
CCORDING
catalog, the Allied A-2516 receiver
is a dual-conversion superheterodyne that, times
all the amateur bands between 3.5 and 29.7
MHz, and WWV at 1U MHz. Actually, because
the receiver has a V FO with a 600-kHz range, the
A-2516 provides a little greater coverage. In
eight bands the A-2516 tunea from 3.4 to 4.0
MHz, 6.9 to 7.JS MUz, 9.0 to 10.2 MHz, 14.0
to 14.6 MHz, 21-0 to 21.6 MHz, 28.0 to !HL6
MHz, 28.5 to 29.1 MHz, and 29.1 to 29.7 MHz.
Seven vacuum tubes «ix semiconductor diodes
and two bipolar transistor* are used in the re-
ceiver, which measures 7 X 13 X 10 inches and
weighs only 18 pounds. A diode detector in
employed for a-m reception, and a crystal-
controlled BFO and a triode product detector
are used for receiving cw and ssb signals. The
get's many feature* include a vernier drive on
the PBJSKKI ACTOR tuning capacitor, a gcared-
down main tuning dial, t.wo ceramic filters,
a jack for external use of the VFO output, age,
an a-m noise limiter circuit and an fcJmeier.
Circuit Dmtailm
Fig. 1 shows the circuit of the A-2516 in block
form. Signals mining from the antenna are
amplified in a 6BZ6 pentode, and then fed
to the control grid of a pentode mister,
AIso arriving at the control grid of in the
rf output from a crystal-controlled oscillator,
Vsn. k a* 12.9 MITz for 80 meters, 16,4
MHz for 40 meters, 19.1 MHz for the 9.6- to
10,2-MHz {band, 5.1 MHz fur 20 meter*, 12.1
MHz for 15 meters, 19.1 MHz for the 28.0- to
28.6-MHz hand, 19.6 MHz for the 28.5 to-
29.1-MHz band, and 20.2 MHz for the 29.1-
to 29.7-MHz band. To produce a first i-f of
8.9 to 9.5 MHz in the output of VSA, the result of
features of c u r r e n t
the frtcillator frequency minus the signal fre-
quency la used on 80 and 40 meter* and on the
9.6- to 10.2-MIIz band, and the reault of the
signal frequency minus the oscillator frequency
is used on 2U, 15 and 1U meters. Unwanted
8,9- to 9.5-MIIz signals pinked up by the antenna
are attenuated not only by the tuned circuits
of the rf amplifier, but also by a parallel-resonant
trap between the antenna connector and V\E
control grid. Low-value resistors in the control-
grid lead* of V\ and FJA hoip to prevent the
development of parasitic oscillations in these
stages.
The 8,9- to 9.5-MHz output of \ \ A is fed to
grid No. a of a pentagrid mixer, V*. [jocal
oscillator fmergy for grid No. 1 of in generated
by a Colpitts VFO, Qu at 8.445 to V.045 MHz.
As shown in Fig. 2, the VFO is isolated from the
mixer by an emitter follower, Cth regulates
the supply voltage for Q\ and Q* at 18 volts.
Ji provides external access to the VFO output
so that the VFO signal can be used (in conjunc-
tion with an oscillator and a mixer) to control
the frequency of a transmitter. The output at
J i is rated at approximately 1 volt rms.
One* again referring to Fig. 1, the 455-kIIz
output uf V* is amplified by two t-f stages,
and Vs. A ceramic li Iter is used in conjunction
with an impedance-matching transformer in
the input circuit uf each stage. These filters
provide a selectivity rated at plus-or-minus 1.5
kHz at —6 dU and plus-or-minus 6 kHz at
- 6 0 dB.
The gain of the receiver is manually controlled
by a potentiometer which is wired between
ground and the junction of the cathode resistors
for Vu 1'* V*. The receiver's age circuit,
which automatically controls the gain of V\ and
W, is shown in Fig* 3. A fast-attack, slow-decay
Underside view of *t» A-2516. Th» bond switch and Its
associated components a r t at the upper left, and the
power transformer Is at the upper right. The VFO circuit
board is at the top center. Because there ts very IHHm
crowding of parts, servicing of th» receiver should hm easy.
 HPflAntrannt fSfUnhm noKia fi

W AMP WXCT UrxEH l-FAMP hTMP

Fig. I — B l o c k d i a g r a m of the A - 2 5 1 6 ,

CTCCPT AS UAAAATD, DECIMAL VAUIM or

CAPACITANCE AAE IN MICROFARADS 1 ^P | ;
OTHERS ARE tfi PK0F&RA09 ( P f OR jtfF);
RESISTANCES ARE IM OHMS? IOOO,
Fig. 2~Schematfc diagram of the VFO used In the A-2516 receiver. Component deilgnators are for fext reference.
Parts not marked with a value have no value specified in the instruction manual.

action is provided. A portion of the signal
appearing in the plate circuit of Kg is rectified
by ORi, thu» developing a negative voltage from
the top of CR\ to ground. Because of the way
CRi is ititu&tod, t!t is quickly charged to this
potential, and the gain of Ft and Vi id reduced.
After the input signal disappears, Ci wlowly
dischargee through and the gain of V\ and
\ \ is returned to normal* 7t\ provides a dc
path between CR\ atid C\ when Cft4 is cnt off
by the reverse bias developed acrow
In order for the receiver to be operative, Pin
3 of must be grounded. This is normally
accomplished by the jumper connected between
Pin 3 and Pin 1 of P%m When a transmitter is
used in conjunction with the A-2filfi, the re-
eeivor can be disabled by removing this jumper
from Pi and applying—100 volts of bias be-
tween Pin 3 of the connector and ground. Of
course, in order for the receiver to function
properly, Pin $ of l \ must be returned to ground
when the transmitting period is over. An alterna-
tive method of disabling the receiver is provided
for transmitters that don't have—100 volte of
bin* available. B-plus voltage for the plates
and screens of V\y I^A, ('4 and V& can be
applied or removed by uning transmitter-relay
mntartfl place of tlie jumper between Pin 4
and Pin 5 of I \ . The first method of disabling
the receiver is preferred, since 1<he second method

January 1970 39

la.---
Top view of th» Allied receiver. An unused push- pull switch,
which con be used to control a crystal calibrator, Is at
the upper left. Along the bock of the chassis, from left t o
right, are the line cord, fuse holder, ac power selector
switch, output terminal strip, shorting plug, VFO output
jack, S-meter zero control, a plate covering a hole that is
the right sire for the Installation of an SO-239 connector
for coax feed, and the antenna terminal strip.
doesn't protect the control grid of V\ from
powible damage from the transmitter signal.
Returning to Fig. Jt the S meter iw a low-
range voltmeter placed between the cathode of
V4 and the cathode of Ft in a balanced bridge
circuit. The irathode voltage of P5 ai-ays ennstant
with changes in signal level, ainee V& has no
age bias applied to it. However, because V* ia
ago-controlled, the cathode voltage of V* vanes
with change** in HTgnal level* As a result, the
bridge becomes unbalanced when a signal ia
renewed, and the meter gives an indication of
the strength of the niguaL A potentiometer in
the cathode lead of Vt permit* the S meter to be
zeroed.
Depending on the portion of the FUNCTION
aw itch, the output uf V& is fori to one of two
detectonk In the am position a J N60 germanium
diode, CHtr rectifies the incoming i-f signal, and
the resulting audio U seut to the grid of FVb-
The detection process is the same when the
FUNCTION switch is in the AM-ANL position.
However, in this esse, the uudio output of CR?
must travel t hrougli a conventional carrter-
operated, series-type aul circuit before the signal
reaches the grid of V^n- CHzt the aid diode, is
cut off during the time that noise pulses exceed
the carrier-modulation level, thus preventing
undesirable noise peaks from being sent to the
audio stages. In the hhb-cw position of the
FUNCTION switch, the triodc section, I'SA, of
a 6AQ8 is used as a product detector. Carrier
injection to the control grid of V«a is provided
by a crystal-rontmlled BFO, operating at
453,5 kHz. By offsetting the BFO frequency
1.5 kiln from the center of the i-f, the m a n u f a c -
turer has token advantage of the selectivity of
the i-f to provide butue degree of single-signal
reception. The mixing schemes used throughout
40
the set result in optimum reception of the
particular sideband most commonly used on
each band: that is, lower wideband on 80 and
40 meters, and upper sideband on 2(1, £5 and
JO meters. As with the a-m circuits, the audio
output of r«A is fed to the control grid of V?a.
Two stages of audiu amplification are provided.
The triode section, I'tb* uf a tiUM6 is used as an
audio driver, and a potentiometer in its grid
circuit serves n* the volume control for the
receiver. The pentode section, Via, of the same
ffbM6 jh used ah the audio output tube, and
transformer-coupling is used in itS'plate circuit.
Two output impedances, a ohms and 500 ohms,
are provided at a connector on the back of the
set. The 8-ohm output is also available at a
phone jack on the front of the receiver. Plugging
a phone plug in this jock disconnect* the 8-ohm
output from the connector on the rear uf the
A-2516, but leaves the 500-ohm connection as is.
This arrangement permits an 8-nhm speaker
that may have been wired to the rear connector
k* be silenced when headphones are plugged in
the phone jack. A IflO-ohm resistor between
the output transformer's 8-ohm tap and ground
protects the transformer from possible damage
if the set is inadvertently operated without an
audio load,
NEGATIVE ACC
TO PLATE VQtTAGC TO
Of Y5 rONfAOL CHIOS
OF VI AJUO V4
To ownor,
CMOS OF VIA
AKO V9
TdPiiTn a
scitujts or *
V4tV9
Fig, 3—Age circuit and muting arrangement for the
A-2516 receiver. See the taxi For detail*.
The A-SJ51fi's built-in power ntipply employs a
power transformer, a half-wave aemiconductor
rectifier, and a capacitor-input filter. A 0.UI-/1F
capacitor acrorja the m*tifier prevents the diode
from generating hash. Because the transformer
has a dual primary, the receiver can be operated
from either 117 or voltti tut, A switch, on the
rear panel selects the desired input, and a locking
plate prevent* the switch from being inadvertent-
ly moved. For mfcty a Tampere fuse is wired in
t*erieu with one ride uf the transformer primary.
Although a crystal calibrator fau't included in
the A-251A, thft receiver instruction manual
give* the detail* for constructing a suitable unit.
An unused push-pull switch mounted on the back
of the rf gain control can be lined to apply power
to the calibrator or break the itonnection.
Mechanical Detail*
The A-2516 appear** to be mechanically sound.
The chassis, front panel, top cover, and bottom
plate are alt conHtmeted t»f heavy^-gauge rfteel.
Excellent rigidity its achieved in the front panel
by constructing it of two plates, bolted back-to-
QST for
back. Numerous holes in the top cover, bottom
plate, and chassis provide the receiver with plenty
of ventilation. Point-to-point wiring 13 used
throughout ihe set, except for three areas: part of
the VFO circuit and the input rirrnitw for V4 and
Vfif which are constructed on printeil-cimut
boards*
A .spring-loaded gear train between the main
tuning knob and the VFO capacitor results in
a tuning ratio of 2K:I. The. main timing dial,
which has a linear scale with a range uf 6U0 klU,
i* marked off in lOklTx increments. ftvery 100
kHfif with one exception, the dial in labeled in
red numerals mid in black numerals. Starting
at tho same calibration mark aL one end of the
scale, the black numerals go from 0 to 600 kH*
and the rod numerals go from JiflO to 0 kHz.
(Th^re are no m i numerals under the black 600,)
The red-numbered scale, which is used on HO
and 40 meters, is rotated counterclockwise
to go from 0 to 500 kll*, and the black-numbered
-tcale, which is used on 20, 15 and 10 meters, is
rotated clockwise to go from U to fiOO kH*. The
figure appearing on the dial in ndded to the band
figure - -3.fi, 7, 14, 21,38,28.6 or 2!U MHV — to
determine the frequency of operation, A plate
attached to the main ttuiing knob is marked off
in fifty t-klTx incremmta and is numbered every
10 klfx in red numerals and in black numerals.
As with tiie main tuning dial, starting at the
same calibration mark, one net of numbers in-
crease* in value while th« other net decreases in
value. Of course, with GO marks un the plate,
one revolution of the knob results in a rrfWcliz
change in the main tuning dial. T h « plate is
attached to the main tuning knob in such a
manner that its position can be adjusted to
bring its calibration marks in Line with those on
the main tuning dial, Tn the receiver we tested,
the dial mechanism operated smoothly and there
didn't seem to be any hackiash.
The input and output circuits of V\ are tuned
by a front-panel p WSWT.ECTOH control. A 7:1
vernier drive makes this an easy adjustment.
IxiMtructiozi Manual
The A-2516 instruction manual cuntains the
receiver specifications, circuit theory, installation
and operating instructions, maintenance details,
an alignment procedure, photographs to sliow
the location of parts having component designa-
tors, a parte list, and schematic and block dia-
gram*. A resistance and voltage chart i* not
included in the manual, but important operating
voltages are labeled on the schematic.
Performance
The A-2516 tested in the A A l t L lab met or
exceeded all of file manufacturer's specs. Al-
though the A-2516 manual states thaL the re-
ceiver lias a sensitivity of 2.0 pV for a 10-dB
8 + M/M ratio, the unit we checked performed
much better. Depending on the band, the re-
ceiver had a aeusitivity of 0.4 jiV or iess for a
10 dB 8 + N/N ratio. The set. didn't seem to ex-
January 1970
Allied A-2S16 Receiver
Height 1 7 W h e n .
Widths 13 inchc*.
Depth: 10 inches
Weight; 18 pounds.
P«Hcr Requirements: 117 or 230 volts ar,
75 watts.
Price CJjiMtft $170* matching speakers 920.
lHslrilmtor: Allied Kadio Corporation,
100N. * extern Ave., Chicago,
HUnoia 60681K
hibit any cross modulation problems with signal
levels t hat, one would expect to find at most loca-
tions Varying I'RHStfJiKtrroR control didn't
affect the receiver tuning, although, changing the
.-teeing of the KP GAIN control canned a maximum
shift of about SKI Has at 2R M i l * . Drift seemed to
be very plight after the receiver had warmed up
for a few moments, and the mechanical stability
uf the set appeared to be excellent. Dropping the
front panel about, three inches resulted in no per-
ceptible change in the pitch uf a cw signal that WIM
tuned in. Because the set's cw .sideband detector
has gain and its sv-m detector ha* none, the re-
ceiver^ background noise on frequencies above 14
M i l * is much lew when ihe FUNCTION switch is in
the AM position than when it is in the 8HB~CW
position. The result on the higher bands is thai,
iwn signals h o t i to pop out of nowhere on &et»m-
ingly-dead bands.
Thirteen internally-developed spurious signals
were found in the A-2516. However, since the
strongest of these was equivalent to a (1.7 t*V
signal at the antenna terminals, they should
normally not be troublesome. On the bands
below HI meters, spurious response* (including
imager^) were down a minimum of 50 dB below
an equivalent signal of 1 /*V ou the desired fre-
quency- This was 10 dB better than th« manu-
facturer's claim. On 10 meters the image was
down 45 to GO dB below an equivalent signal of
1 /iV on Lhe desired frequency, and a spurious
response, which was the result of a signal beating
with the second harmonic of crystal oscillator
Vzh to produce the first i-f, waa down 28 to
Xi dB. All other spurious responses 011 10 meters
were down in excess of about 7U dB.
On SO and 40 meters the receiver required
about a signal for an SI reading, a 0-jiV
signal for an H9 reading, and a 50-/iV signal for
a 40 dB over S9 reading. On the other bands it
took about a 2.5-jtV signal for an fell reading,
a 40-juV signal for an W9 reading, and a 350-fiV
signal for a 40 dB over S9 reading, — W1 YDS.
SWITCH
TO SAFETY!
41

J e c h n i c a T |
Correspondence
9TO MARK 11 KEYER:
DOUBLE DOT PROBLEM
Technical ilditor, QJST;
About two years ago I modified my homebrew
yTO keyer to a tfTO Mark II.1 Tu way I haw
l>een pleased with the improvement, is »n under-
statement. It U a marvelous machine. The only
difficulty encountered has been the problem uf
occasional double dots mentioned by H. Dale
Stricter, VV4ZXJS, m Hints and Kinks, QST, October
1969. Of course I happily applied his suggested
changes right away- But although, there was bume
improvement, double dots would still occasionally
wear in my keyer, Thin Jed me to renew my previ-
ously unsuccessful search for a flotation, but this
time armed with new perspective,
The problem of double dots resulting when only
one is desired has been thought caused by failure
of the iJot storage flip-flop, Vs, to rcnet- upon closure
of the relay contact connected to C'n. Tending to Mark II keyer. The diode marked with an asterisk (*)
lead to thlB conclusion j* the remark of the author
and designer of the 9TO Mark 11 about the problems
arising from his attempt to obtain reset pulses for
V* trom the plate ttf the rrtmy witch,
sure his observation was accurate and that this
source of trouble was eliminated by obtaining reset
pulses fri>m the relay rantact- Using a «m*pe T
have found that VK resets faithfully even when
double dot* occur unintentionally.
I have found that the real tnmblef iTauy as it
may sound at first, is that the keyer is doing exactly
what it is told to do. How so? Weil, first let's
examine bow the dnfc storage works. It will store a
dot auy time the dot lever is closed if one is not
already being stored, and will be reset the next
time the relay contact elm**. For example we can
btart a dash and after the relay dose* to btart
the dash we can close the dot lever to a dot. lushest resifttnnee reading, the meter needle should
The next time the relay close* will be at the start
of the dot we stored and that is when the dot
storage will be rwet. Now let's look at how the
dot storage works when we make a single dot. Dot
storage is made upon closure of the dot lever, and
after a wiyi short time the fttumge is ie*et
when the relay closes to start the dot. The time
between set and reset is so *hort that we probably
will not yet have full thumb pressure aK&iu&t the
dot contact. If for any reason the circuit through
this contact opens and clones again after the dot
storage has been reset, another dot will he ntorcd
and upon completion of the firbt dot the faithful, the diode connected properly, turn the keyer on
reliable, trustworthy 9TO Mark II will make
another dot, just as it was told to «k>. Of coiirne
we didn't mean tu ray, "Two dots, pleat*/' hut
we sometimes do because of bouncing contacts*
dirt, oil iilm, railing or sliding of contacts—any-
thing that might cause the dot lever circuit to open
and close again after the reset of the dot storage
at the bHtfimung of our (we had hoped) single dot.
The cure for such an ailment must surety He in
somehow disabling the dot storage function for a
' Luti, "TheflTOMark II Keyer," Q8T. June,
42
short time after it has been renet. We would never
have need of it again in less time than it takes to
intentionally open and close the dot contact any-
how. There are probablv several good ways of doing
this, but I doubt that any could he simpler than
the way 1 hit upon. There is some compromise
involved in my method, which is to slow the charg-
ing time of <7» without blowing its discharge rate.
This I did by connecting a slightly leaky dtode in
series wjth as shown in the diagram of Fig.
with the cathode toward f'a, The diode used must
not have too high back reabtance or C& will not
charge enough to produce the pulse needed to store
a «lot. It also must not be too leaky or it will allow
to charge so quickly we can still get double dot*.
DOT
SWITCH
MSG*
KEY
J» DOT
-ftOV.
>T
Fig. 1—'Portion of schematic diagram from the 9TO
prevents unintentional double dots.
The diodes which I found would do the job in
1 am my keyer had the following action in these tests
which anyone can easily duplicate. Using a multi-
meter with 20,UfM)-ohms-|>er-vnlt da sensitivity,
switch to the 100 jiA range. l*ut the diode, reverse
connected, in series with the meter and a V-volt
transistor radio battery. Use caution, you <*an easily
ruin your meter! The meter should indicate about
>i pA. Next, leave the diode and battery connected
the same way and switch to voltage ranges. The
meter should ind rente about one division from
zero on a tifty-division scale. This is true on any
voltajp wale. Switching to the RX 10,000-ohms
scale, after removing the battery, and with the
diode connected in the direction which gives the
barely move, perhaps the width of the needle. If
it shows auy less movement than this the iliode
will probably tint work well in this circuit. The
type oF diode that seems most likely to work well
is the "garden variety" 75U mA, 400 PIV silicon
diode ftvsilable in any radio supply shop. 1 found
several that would work among the oues ou hand
in my junk box.3
The final test for the diode, of course, will be
how well it works in the keyer. It in a good idea
to use clip leads brought outside the buyer for
temporarily c o n n e c t i n g the diode undeT test. With
and try holding the dash lever closed and inject
dots with quick Sicks t*f the thumb. Do this often,
l*avhift only time for one or two dashes between
the stored and injected dots. If dots are bttll being
injected after several closures at the dot lever you
can tie sure the diode ts leaky enough to allow
2 \n alternative arrangement to searching lor a "leaky"
diode is to connect a resistor ia parallel with a good quality
dfode, TheTOsisUtsrKvalue imty bn cintarmjned experi-
mentally, but should be ia ths urdtr uf several megohms,
— Editor.
Q S r for
 atorin g dots. Now for the really acid test. Leave
the dash lever open and connect a clip lead to ground
on the paddle. Touch the free end of the clip lead
to the dot contact in a variety of ways: quickly,
lightly, slowly, firmly, etc., holding the clip lead
by the wire so it will bounce and make the worst
possible kind of contact. Of course you should have
the keyer set for the slowest speed and must be
sure you do not make contact long enough to
actually command a second dot. If you manage to
cause the keyer to produce double dots only once
out of something like ten or twenty attempts, the
odds are that you will never manage to cause
them when using the dot lever. But if you can
cause the keyer to make double dots with any
degree of regularity, the diode you are testing is too
leaky. Better try another. When one is found that
will pass these tests you can solder it in place. Your
double-dot days are gone! — Eugene Lee, K8PDD,
2705 18th Ave., Parker vburff, WV 20101.
SIGNAL GENERATORS A N D
RECEIVER SENSITIVITY
Technical Editor, QST:
1 would add two small items to Mr. Hyder's
excellent article.3
1) When using a signal generator having an
internal impedance of 50 ohms, the common indus-
trial method is to use a 6-dB attenuator pad between
the generator and the receiver under test. In this
manner, the receiver's sensitivity (for a given
8 + N/N ratio) is read directly in microvolts
from the generator's calibrated output attenuator.
This is shown in Fig. 2A.
2) Mention might be made of many fine signal
generators made prior to WW2 (before the coax
era) which did not have a 50-ohm internal im-
pedance. These generators were calibrated in open-
circuit microvolts. That is to say, their output-
attenuator calibration was accurate when looking
into an infinite impedance. The internal impedance
was specified by the individual manufacturer. For
example, the classic Ferris model 16C had an
internal impedance of 11 ohms, and an external
30-ohm resistor was inserted in series with its
output when testing a 50-ohm receiver. In this
manner, the receiver's sensitivity (for a given
S + N/N ratio) was read directly from the output
attenuator. This is shown in Fig. 2B.
Note that sensitivity measurements will correlate
well if made with either generator {system.-—
Morton Ei&ettberg, WSDYL, 121*4 McKintey St.,rectifier, was "hot." This lead easily picked up
Philadelphia, PA 10111.
8 Hyder, "Receiver Sensitivity," QST, September, 1969.
SIGNAL 6dB RMS
GEN PAD
RECEIVER AUDIO
OUT J VTVM
(son.)
tsan.)
^ M ^ ^ RECEIVER AUDIO
W B • RMS
(S0A1 OUT J VTVM
Fig. 2—Connections for reading receiver's sensitivity
directly from output-attenuator calibration
of signal generator.
January 1970
A N T E N N A NOISE TEMPERATURES
Technical Editor, QST:
The two recent articles4*5 on receiver sensitivity
by H. R. Hyder, W7IV, were interesting and infor-
mative. However, I should like to point out a
conceptual error which appears in several places
in the second article. Mr. Hyder implies that the
physical temperature T of a receiving antenna is
responsible for its delivering a noise power
Pk = kTB to the receiver input terminals (where
k is Boltzmann's constant and B is the receiver
bandwidth). In fact, the physical temperature of
the antenna is of very little consequence; for a
lossless antenna, it is of no consequence at all.
The noise power delivered by an antenna to a
receiver depends almost entirely on the temperature
and other physical characteristics of the material
lying in the antenna'6 field of view.
For example, a highly directive antenna operating
at a frequency of several GHz and looking out into
"cold space" may very well deliver only as much
noise power as a resistor at a temperature of (say)
We say that the "antenna temperature" is
3°K, although the physical temperature of the metal
making up the antenna is more like 3Q0°K. If this
same antenna were rotated so that it looks at the
ground, which itself has a temperature around
300°K, the antenna temperature would rise to
300 degrees. This would be true even if a huge
refrigerator were used to keep the physical temper-
ature of the antenna structure down to, say, 100°K.
The physical temperature of the material in an
antenna is significant only to the extent that the
antenna is lossy- As an extreme case, a dummy
load may be considered as an antenna with zero-
percent efficiency; in that case, of course, the
"antenna temperature" is simply the temperature
of the resistor. — Dr. Joseph H, Taylor, Jr., K&ITP,
WA1LXQ, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Univ.
of Mass., Amherttt, MA 01008.
SHIELDED LEADS IN THE TOUCHCODER
II KEYBOARD KEYER
Technical Editor, QST:
Having recently built the Touchcoder II,® a
a couple of problems developed for which other
builders may appreciate the solution. The Touch-
coder worked fine, except when any key was pressed
it would first send four or five dashes, then the cor-
rect code for the key pressed. In the course of
troubleshooting this knotty problem, it was found
that the lead to Qi, the gate of the silicon controlled
impulses and triggered before the true sequence
was initiated. By shielding the lead from the matrix
to the gate of Qa and grounding both ends of the
shield at the respective circuit boards, the trouble
was cured. One-eighth-inch coaxial cable works
nicely. I also added an additional heavy wire
ground from the other end of the circuit board to
the matrix ground, as an additional precaution.
The leads to the weight control potentiometer
. should also be shielded, .as this circuit is also sus-
ceptable to pickup problems. With these additions,
the Touchcoder II works just as described, and the
layout of components is not critical. — Howard 0.
Loremen, W3BLC, 8718 Bangor St., S. E., Washing-
ton, D C 20020.
4 Ibid.
Hyder,"Atmospheric Noise and Receiver Sensitivity,"
QST, November, 1969.
8 Bryant, "Touchcoder II," QST, July, 1969.
43
 MORE ON PAUL THE BUNYAN WHIP. TABLE I
Specifications for th* Paul Bunyan Whip,
Technical Editor, QST:
In the March 1963 issue of QtiT, there was an
article which I wrote, "The Paul Bunyan Whip." Material Price
Following the publication of this article I vr** 1 —20-ft length 3 U-ia. nom. (4-gn. OO ;
inundated with correspondence, Most of the cor- 0,026-ia,wall) tt*l«3,3CT/IOO<t. 130.65
{ — awt length B-itw nomJ OD X
respondents tusked question* which were already 0.216-in. wall) 6 *130.21 /100 f t Zfl.04
answered in the article. In the latest AltltL Antenna i — 20-ltl«mth»H-ia.nom, <2H-in.OD
Book, an abstract of the article wan puhlfehed. The * Art-io. wall) *l03.3»/10urt. 20.68
1 — «4-ft length aom. i4-in. OlJ X
correspondence, which had fallen off to a trickle in 0 %6-m.wafi) <»91J|H.77/TDort.l 63.11
between thewe time*, again built up. Hardly a week 1 —4-ft length in, OD tany specifica-
pas sea but what 1 get at leant one H-ter Bo perhaps tion) 18.00
1 — a-ft length 1.4-ln. nom. < l.V-ta. OD
it would be in order to take another look at this X U.SSOCMn. wall) Q iBSUB/IOUft
mast and fill in the apparent gape. (p^tra strong Huttweld, black,
The original mast has uuw been in service since plain). j.25
2 — 2-ft x X 2-in. bar stock for
1957. No changes have been made in the mast. olevi se*. 2.00
However, the Hy-Gain ^element frihander has
been exchanged tor the ft-elemeat TJTflDX which Total prica, $150,73
has been up for two years. The feed line is now the Material Weight
aluminum-sheeted type. All units are satisfactory Hy-Gain TIICUX bsam. lib) 47.0
and standing up well. Mam-itf mutator. Itf.A
Since the pipe fur the mast appears to be a 4-in4 CM.) pipe lh per ft. 182/J
HH-in. Of) pjpe « 7,58 lb per ft 151.0
question for QRT readers. Table I provides #peHfl- in. OD pipe «* 5.7V lb per f t 116,8
oat io as, dimensions, weight*, and prices for new I rU-in, OL> pipe & lh per ft 7^2
pipe. The prices are October-November 1U61* price* Total weight of tiltorer mast section
here in Minneapolis, Minn. Theae are crmmdered with beam and rotator. (lb) 617.4
L o w section mights and lengtit*
4-in. OD pipe ft 1 fib per ft, 2Mt length (lb) 183.3
Op pipe 7.081b per f t lMt length 75.8
Total weight of lower aectien of tiltarer
purtion of mast (from upper clevis or
"fulcrum" down). (Ib) 36&0
Upper section weights and lengths
Hfc-iii. OD pipe (£ 7.58 lb per ft
HMt length {lb) 75JA
2Jt-nu OD pips 4 6.70 lb per ft.
20-ft length 1154
1 .y-im OD pipe * 8.63 lb per ft
Z-ft length 7Jt
THBT>X beam 47.0
Rotator isJ&
Total weight of upper section of mast _____
(torn upper cteriM uph Oh) 2MA

t-o he slightly higher than in the Bast or West

because of shipping charges. The pipe for the mast
sections should be A8TM A-53 Grade B hpecificfe*
tion. This i* high-at-rength steel which will stand
up to all stresses imposed in such a mast. Standard
black seamless plain-end pipe uf the foregoing
specification should he ordered. This can be ob-
tained from any steel supplier.
From the wight distribution given in the tablet
the fulcrum should be located at 29 ft from the
bottom of the tiitover portion of the mast, The Axed
vertical section should be S4 ft in length with 4 ft
in the ground* 30 ft above ground, and clevis
locations at yy ft. There m a slightly greater weight
in the top hection to facilitate letting the beam
down by tilting. This *xtra weight, however,
should not he hj excessive as to necessitate a
winch. Nonetheless, some provision should be
made to use a line or liable to let the beam down
easily and enable one to pull it up vertically again.
This line should be anchored at a point to prevent
the boom end of the beam from banging down when
tilting. If this ttiaut were perfectly balanced by
trial and error, it could be lowered and raised with
a shoestring.
1 hope that this information will help to clear
up some of the questions. — Al Hubbard, KQONM,
73V3 Auto f"tub Road, BtoomxngUm, MN 85J&1*
SOS PLATS Fag. 3—The Paul Bunyan Whip. These dimensions are
WC4JKD TO SQTT0II
cf rwn somewhat different than given in the original article.

44 QST for
Announcing the Annual ARRL Novice Roundup
February 7 through February 22
What would February be like without the
Novice Roundup, a contest designed expressly
to acquaint the newcomer to amateur radio with
contest operating and at the same time help him
improve his code speed and also QSO new
states for his WAS.
WNs, this is your contest. Be sure to partici-
pate; you'll find it to be time well spent!
You can read the results of last year's NR
beginning on page 56 of June 1069 QST.
Rules for the NR are simple. You may operate
up to 40 hours during the contest period, ex-
changing a serial number arid your ARRL section
with other stations. Novices may work anybody;
others may work only Novices. After the NR is
over, send your contest log (along with comments
and photos) to us here at ARRL HQ; results
will appear in QST soon afterward. Logs must
be postmarked no later than March 6, 1970.
If you finish infirstplace in your section, you'll
receive a handsome certificate award.
How to
Contest QSOs are much briefer than ordinary
ragchews, and you should not repeat your infor-
mation (call, number and section) umpteen times
Noyics Roundup
WN5RV/U Btction OKLAHOMA
ptf* 6 QST)
(Enter below lot ih»»T UMd»)
GO
Itfrift uit
d ^,40^0 t Mr. dlfftrant aUti*n* vorfca*
T otaltrwiUer
T/v hour» or<*F*r»tlini-up
ictt 35 li«Show-bnilt)
O 1W U L
i CaitfroriaT5Eey*itfd
jfrpK^g-UT
twttogX
flSCW lopluie.p. poiftti tltt (d7 Metlflw « WJ^SgXeUtwd icor»(
X htvi bbtimd all ccnpctitioci tuIm w n i l v all rtfulitlottt utibl&ihed for ittur
radio la ay country, Hr report la tn» and correct to tfe* bftit of sqr looiilsdge.
.. VhfigvAt tot
TS sn full UlllflC tddrUB
January 1970
*
ROUNDUP PERIOD
Starts Ends
Feb, 7 Feb. 22
0001 (12:01 A.M.) 2359 (11:59 P.M.)
Greenwich Mean Time Greenwich Mean Time
unless QRM is extremely bad. Here's the way a
typical exchange might go:
CQ NR CQ NR CQ NR DJE WN2CPQ WN2CPQ WN2CPQ
NR K
w n 2 c p q w n 2 c p q \vn2cpq o e w n 7 i y z w n 7 i y z
wn7iyz a r
w n 7 i y z djs w n 2 c p q g k h r n r 2 7 w n y b k
w n 2 c p q d e w n 7 i y z r t n x h r NR 5 WASH BK
\VN7iYZ DE WN2CPQ R TNX 7 3 BK. DJR w n 2 c p q NR X
Begin your serial numbers (remember that NR
means "number" as well as "Novice Roundup")
with NR 1. If you don't know your ARRL
section even after referring to Page 6 of QST,
drop us a card and we'll help you out. Generals:
don't call CQ NR; answer Novice CQ NRs.
Note that time is expressed in Greenwich
Mean Time (GMT). If you're unfamiliar with
GMT, remember that it's 5 hours ahead of EST,
6 ahead of CST, 7 ahead of MST and 8 ahead
of PST. Better yet, send for our handy Operating
Aid #14, which contains, among other goodies,
a ttmft conversion chart.
Count one point for each contact (you may
work a station only once, regardless of band); add
your ARRL Code Proficiency credit, then mul-
tiply by the total number of sections you worked.
If you get 84 QSOs in 31 sections and have a
CPC of 10 w.p.m. from W1AW or W60WP, then
your score is 84-plus-10 times 31, or 2914 points.
For details on the Code Proficiency program,
see Op-News of this issue. By the way, you may
work D X stations for contest credit, too, al-
though there's no multiplier involved.
Go To ItI
Read the rules carefully. Keep a check-sheet
of stations worked (we have Operating Aid #6
available free) so that you don't have duplicate
QSOs. Log-sheets, Op Aid 6 and a map of the
I l
tr» ictlon* fc7 t United States are now available from your ARRL
, awdl—t IQ Headquarters. Unless first-class postage is in-
cluded with your request, log sheets will
be sent by third-class mail. To aid us in
getting these forms to you as quickly as possible,
please be sure to include with each request a
(Continued on page 95)
45
 Results,
VHF
Hero 1 * W 7 V R M operating the 2 , 3 - G H x station in Q S O
with K 7 A U O / 7 . AutsHng a r e W 7 F B P and W A 7 G P P .
REPORTED BY AL NOONS,*
A ITROBA o r b u s t ! T h i n in w h a t if* w o u l d t a k e
A t o Buve the d a y . O n S u n d a y everting, w i t h
little o r n o w a r n i n g , t h i s is w h a t w e g o t .
O t h e r w i s e , b a n d o p e n i n g w e r e p o o r t o Eidr
t h r o u g h o u t m o s t of t h e U S A a n d Camilla, local
g r o u n d w a v e a c t i v i t y s u p p l y i n g muwt of t h e Q S I K
KiRhLiRhtinK t h u S e p t e m b e r V 1 £ F Q S O P a r t y
w a s the singie-opftratnr multi-hand effort of
K 3 I P M . Stan's score of 21,596 nearly doubled
t h a t of his closost c o m p e t i t o r K 1 A G B — 1 3 , 5 1 5 .
W 1 D G / 1 , t h e 1200 ltadtft C l u b , t u r n e d in a n
outstanding score of 59,310 to lead the multi-
oj>erator m u l t i - b a n d u l a n . T h e y w e r e c l o s e l v
followed b y W A 2 W E B / 2 , t h e K a s t iJnast. V H F
Society, scoring 52,851 points. Single-operator
Hingle-baud honors g o to W B 8 A H Y scoring 3720
w h i l e W 3 K W H ' s G W 4 p o i n t s w e r e flood e n o u g h
to top the multi-operator tingle-tawd class.
Notable section returns were riubmitted by
single-operator stations K . 9 I I M B — 25 o n 50
M H s ; W 2 U K . — 2 4 o n 144 M H z ; K 3 I U V — 11
o n 220 M H z ; W 2 C L L — 15 o n 432 M H z ; a n d
K3IUV — 2 o n 1296 M H z a n d a b o v e . High
multi-operator return* w e n t like this; WB2-
G K E / 2 — 3 4 o n 5 0 M I I z a n d 2 2 o n 144 M i l s ;
W A 2 W E B / 2 - 14 on 220 M H z a n d 15 o n 432
M H z ; a n d K 7 A U O / 7 — 4 o n 1296 M H z a m i
above.
S u m m a r i z i n g , some 307 logs were received
f r o m 56 section*. O f these, 240 w e r e single-op
and 67 were multi-op entries. Awards are
scheduled to b e m a i l e d o n J a n u a r y 15, 1970,
C U in the V H F SS.
Soapbox
" A t it 6007-foot peak in the Olympic M t . H a n g * tfith
winds to 40 M P H # ruin by the barrel and a howling snow
blliaard. W h a t a content, wft won though, uu- and the m -
toMmsT - K 7 V N U , Wash. " W e i l . w h a t can T say!f — I
triedl Hut aiaa, no hand opening, neither North or Mouth/'
KP4DFIT, W . L "< rood gruuad tonal a c t i v i t y hut no
hand opening* A meters. T w o nn*»t»»rg was the place to
ha, AlUm-all an enjoyable o s t e a l . — W A 3 K X X , E . Pa,
* Communications Assistant, A K R L .
4 6
September
QSO Party
WA1KQM/WB68AZ
"Sporadic TnnojipheHo ami meteor acafcter condition*
w*re a t an all-time low, Lucal tropospheric conditions w*rt
the only thing that n v n l the d a y . K 7 I G W , Nov- " t
fad the ehatigv in rubis that allows operator* to o p ^ n t e
uny two l a b o u r periods la the greatest thing to hit a V H P
(soutest in v e a n , " — K 1 P M M , N , ! I . " F o u n d plenty of
activity on 4H2 M H s . Highlight of the weekend was m y
71}<mile Q S O on 1396." — KHCJV, K. Pa, " M y first coo tost
and f Learned a l o t , " — W A 1 L I O , C o n n . " L o c a l a c t i v i t y
was the lowest I ' v e ever seen, particularly on 60 M I T s , " —
W 4 W Q Z , T e n n . { , [ have completed a transmitter and
receiver for 10 O N * and both are operational. Now a l l I
need i* urnnebndy to work, 1 " — W B 2 I R X , N N J . " A c t i v i t y
a little disappointing, enpcrtally on 4H3 Mil*.; but, the S3
QSOs m 4 snetions mi 230 M i l l waa very g r a t i f y i n g , " - -
W f t t i l i V / f i , L . A , "Surprised to near H meters dead during
nifMt of the enntMt." — WA6C1PP, SJV. " W o r k e d one new
* t a t e for W A S , " — W A 3 K L F , Aid. " N o t much 50 M H s .
scatter, h u t Sunday evening's aurora livened things up on
A a n d * meters." - W A 2 W E B / 2 , N N J . " M y apologies to
the Jtixnv stations who asked for 442 M H i . QSOs, promised
equipment never materialized 1" — W3ISMD/8, WVA.
" P i c k e d u p t w o n e w s t » t O T o a 2 t t O M i r * t w i d 4»» MIT*. T h e
aurora was a surprise." — W 2 C N S , VVN?, " S p e n t the
cm tire wi-nki^nl nu a muuntain-top in weatern North
(Tamlina. Workeii aUUieMtatpsin the 4 and 8 cat)arras plus
Missouri and Misatssippi all on groundwave. 1 1 — W B 4 -
L D O / 4 , N . C . " H o t a great deal of multipliers in the last
ri hours." — W B f t B G Y , Mrch. "Tnteresting contest, would
Like to see more from the midwest/ 1 — W B 2 L G K ,
N L L " G o o d oonteet b u t had to Q R T early/ 1 — W B 9 A L Z ,
Inrl. " G o o d work, keep the contest's coming, we love emf
Would Like to see a power multiplier/ 1 — W A 2 F U Z , N L L
" A u r o r a was so strong on 6 meters that I was able to get
\V r 2CNS for a new section with only one w a t t output!"
V E i l l W , Que. "dnro muild help if A C power would stay
o n ! " — W 4 P F P , Iowa. "r/Yiuld Had rmty 6 stations willing
to use o.w* during tiie poor tn fair a n m r a l scatter opening
in thn closing houm, frustrating! i i a d a good time a n y w a y ,
as a l w a y s / ' — WrtKKLB, Nnbr, "Hunday night good, es-
pecially with the a u r o m . " — W A 0 U W L , M i n n . " I t seems
my tirttiO mixer j u s t <ioesn't have enough ooomph b y itself!
WiH have an amplifier built for n e x t t e s t / ' ™ V E 7 A N P ,
B . C . " G l a d to hear all the o.w. N o west coast n X heard
despite the V K 3 - V K 6 opening. Will h a v e a K W for the
next V P 3 C A P , Ont. "Picked u p m y 21st state on
2 meters during aumra/* - V E 3 D F O , Que. " t hereby
submit my 4i*>rt» of 1 station^ also heard tt VWs, 2 Fords and
a pnw»r mnwpr/* »- V K 6 A 1 A , Alta. " ( l a n d ^undttions
very had ^xft^pt fur 2 minutes a t 014U G M T on 1& Hep-
tfimbrr whru VKKC "TTA was worked on 50 MHa. M —
VKfrAHE, Alta. " D e a t h to a l l VE2s i a Junet" — V E 3 A S O ,
C^nt, " W h y n o t give an award for m u l t t a p regardless of
number of viitcieaV* — W 6 E P L , S. B a r . " V e r y poor ao-
for
tivlty this f a l l , missed the Southern California routintaln
toppors," - W B 6 R B Z / 6 . 80V. "OperaUM with 1C)0%
p o w r From the top uf Ft. Bluff/' — IUWHW/4, DIVISION LEADERS
Al*. 1 "Worked 1A states with 5 watts output on 144 M H i / '
Operator MuUioperator
— WA4ZSF/4, Va. "Hope for bettor results next year,"1
— W4IVLJC/4, K. FJa. ,4 Roi1«l my own rig fur this K31PM Miantir K3HKK/3
i$i>TitcflL ftDii found it worth «-vi>ry minute of the effort." K9KVR IVA9JYR
— K 4 N Y G , Dot, 1# Fir»t tlra« on VIIK, had a *r*at time WAHUWli 1 1 * # *

and met Home very nion iMiipla."— WN3LAR, E. Pa. K41UV Delta W4KXU/4
"Contest was m y enjoyable" — WA3WSH, W. Pa, "Just VVA8LHE Ortni Itftkta WAONY/4
gut home from out nf town to uatah the imd of the contest VVH2SU1 HUHMH WA2WEB/2
and the aurora, ijuite a finishing touch." - W 2 W G L , K6TLM Mutuant WAfPBO
W N Y . "Worked » on J4* M H i , • WA3ANI, K1AGH W1DO/1
NNJ. " T w o meters <m belie v a l ^ / ' — WB2TUT, N L L W7FN .VofthweHUrn K7AUO/7
"Unusual comment hrord, "Are yt>u running phone or WilOUKT Puviflv W M K B Z/6
c.ff. OM'\ — K2PCQ, WNV, " N W rig sure made a K4SUM Hon rioke W3BMD/8
dlfferenoe." — WJGTF, NNJ. "Finally did something on * • • > • tfucky Mountain WV08KH
220, but hope to be really equipped for UHP la June 7 0 , " SouthetuUvrn K7JPC/4
— WB2GK.E/J, NNTJ. "Last contest from hope to KttVNB/6 SouihwttUm KOQKU
pop up from our new Q T H come the January eantest,1* • < 1 1 • West Gulf W6WAX
— W A I G F G i R.I. "Of all the weekends to ooine down with VE2DVO Ciitubiutn VE3BW/3
a head oold/' - WA1BFD, E M ass. "Wait till January."
— WA9HHH/I, Conn.
K 2 B W R ( K U s B W f t SCHJ) W3KWH rK8s BK(D
69U8-184-88-A B 8944-824-3 l~A
SCORES W A 2 E T O (WA8S A X F K m \VA8fakK2/8 (W A 8s SOU
FVU) 17WMCHH7-AB 1JR) 684- 76- 9-B
In bhft folUnrinjt tabulation, scores are liiitod by A K R L
divisions and sections. The top aiogle-operator wtorer In Wttfem Mem York
each seutson rweive* a certificate award. Multiple-operator \V2f!N8 18.08T-1U1-57-ABCU CENTRAL DIVISION
sovres are shown at the end of each section tabulation; in K2YC(> 8B4U-l68-68-AB<!U ittinoi*
WB8VUO K4HMR 6628^KIU-38-ABD
Motions wberts at least three such entries were rooeivttd, the 2016- 06-2 UA WtfJUV 708- A9-18-B
top inultioperator scorer reneiws a certificate award. A KVfiGJ
K2AC7U
U90- 46*18-BU
62IP 26-10-D
W9ARA 426- 86- 6-B
double asterisk indicates Novicn award winner; one asterisk WAyueM 404-101- 4-B
WA2IIVK 4*20- 8U-14-B WAfllINRI 880- 6-B
indicates 1I<|. staff member, im*lijtfble for Award. W2WUT, 294- 21-24-B WVUJZ 196- 89- 6-AB
Columns show final score, total number of contacts. VVA211WC L81H 26- 6-AB
W20W ( U oprs,)
WA9S5H-F 12(1- 40- 3-B
Motion multiplier, and bands used. A represent* 60 M i l s : WA9JY&
llt620-260-46-ABt; a 9 P i78-15-AB
b, 144 M H s ; C. 220 M H i ; 420 AlUs; K 1216 Utl* K2&AQ ffi
and above. 6U48-168-86-AB
K 2 f C Q (A nnrs.) Indiana
8657-100-88- A B K9ECFR 7210-20M5-AB
ATLANTIC DIVISION WA3HDC/3 IB oprs.) WA2JOQ (4 wni.) W B 9 A M B 189- 2fh 7-A
4UHO-170-84-A B I91KJ-1U0-19-AB WB9ALZ 24- A- 4-A
DHwarc W32L8D/8 <6 opn.) WA2GJA/8 (K2JiFB 4
W3COV 8696-124-29-AR WA8GJA) WUeonrt*
4686- 98-86-ABCDE W3AR8/8 (6 npnu 1600- 75-20-A R
K8NYO 3260-130-25-AB 8161-137-83-A W2A1AU (K2B_ Kltt KTK, WAJUCX 198U- V8-20-AB
WA8JXU I17U- 78-15-A W8FC!I,/8^9 nprsj W2WSEU Ufrl- 65-IS-B WAORZU 40- lo- 4-A
WA3HWC639- 4*-U-R 80-18U-21-AB WA9VKT (WA9S MCO
WA3KDQ/3 (4 oprsj Wttfern PenmirlaatiUt HWX) 55- 11- 6-AB
120- 20- 6-AB W91M/9 (4
UQTVUinfrn.C. WSBWU 1788-106 Ifl-ABO ^ 7- 8-AB
Eastern ptnnwijbania WA8AJHJ 8024-144-21-AB W A 8 H U K 966- 6^14-A
WaKMV 2481-148-17-A W3UJM 16f)- 4IJ- 4-A
K3XFM 84.£96-433-0a-ABCD WA3CJrtK 113- 28- 4-A DAKOTA DIVISION
K3irfV 8796* 78-26-CDJfi W8L UL L944- L08-18-B
K8QBO 1717-!(U-I7-A W A 3 K V C 61- 17- 3-B
W&8AAK K3HRK/3 (8 oprs.) Aftnnwta
3477-t88-l9-A WA3HHN 814- 74-11-B
WA8KLF 693- 68-1 l-A 19,034-287-6^-ABUD SVAtfUWL 400- 40-10-A
K3PUB 2993-L70-J7-A WA80BK 6li- &1-12-B
WA3 FC.W5 700-100- 7-AB W8HB 860- 8-AB
WftCUJ 676- 52-13-AB W8M8X 806- 84- 9-AB
W8GOA 466- 38-18-A W8GN 388- 9-B
WN8LAK 378- 64- 7-B W3UU 809- 19-11-A B
WN3LYO 86l>* 46- 8-B W8FQA/8 (4 oprs5
WA3K&X 1U6- 49- 4-A 4860-18M0-ABD
WA3GYQ 170- 84- 5-A W8PZK (WSt'ZK! WA8LTJ,
WA2JUU/3 6« 8- 8-B w^Lraj
WA3LU x 3- A- 1-A 163* 87- 6-AB
W3AD/8 Ht cipnu)
1&V84-917-48-A BCDE
K8ZBG (KX7SHG, WA8* DNO Arm
PVK> 18,72*260-68-ABCE WA8KMB
K8MTK/3 f4 i m ) 6180-111-85-BOD
10.764-898-?6-ABO WR29ZK 2084-103-18-ABU
W8ARW (K3SOO W8i AHW
8iA K*
of> aera-Hr6M6-ABCD

r K30WR r mad* 202 QSOt on 144 MHz, good

enough for second place in th* NNJ mcHoa. His 1S over 15
long )ohn above must hove made the difference, con-
sidering he was only running 75 watts on A-M. 4k Jk

January 1970 47
WA0RUB 72- 24- S-AB
K0QY" W- 30* UA KK6FU>/0 80- 20- 4-AB
WAtU'BU (WAlte FBU ^KG)
DELTA DIVISION 301- 48- 7-AB
Louisiana MUtotsri
W6JFB 24- 2-AR K6TI.M 616- 66-11-AB
WAtfAUB 477- 63- 9-A
Afiflriftfppt
WA5BMB 207- 9-A Xdnxuka
WpKKB 640- 46-19-A
fffiitfirw WSUCU 36IH W-10-A
K4TUV 1998-UM8-AB WAf»MBH34^ 88- 9-A
W4YYQZ 6W- aa-l}-ABlJ
W4UXU/4 (4 opn.) , NEW ENGLAND
1530-4*5- LS-ABD DIVISION
WB4IOB (K4LQO. VVB4n
XOBJSD} _ ^ __
438- 09- 6-ABD
WAliqj* 2990-U6-26-AB
WIVTl -BU
.. . rtr 2860-ltt-^-J
GREAT LAKES WAIHUE 1817-79-is-AB
DIVISION W1WHL 178»- 78-W-ABC
Kenlucty WXAW. ( K ^ O . ^
WA8TYF/4 ,
1771- 76-23-ABT> 666- 4U16-AB
WA6BNY/4 fK4s QFJ WYN, WAiUO 472- 6 ^ H-A
Mufti-opping WA2KTG, ore (I. to r.) Dove, WA2FVU on W IKNiS 8231- 41- H-B
^Tfoi-IIMMB K1HTV aiK^ 16-10-D
6, Skip, WA2AXF, on 2-meter phonef and Rldi, WA2ETG, WA1KOM/1*
.WMfeflft on 2-meter cw. 168- 21- 8-AB
WAftPIR 800IM60-2D-B W1HDQ* 16U- 210- tt«AB
tUJVUX. 2J141MU7-2D-A SV1NBF 91- 18- 7-B
WB8BQY WNlliKM 12- 4- 8^B
1IW4-11»-17-AB K1QQX/1* 2- l^A
W8NOH 1672-W4-IK-AB
KHABM 676- 04- 9-AB WA1IOX lUmirMJ
W8DBK» 363- 8M1-A
WA9ULU/B WAIUID (6 oprs.)
170- 84* 5-B
rw* W'AIOTP (WAls EDJ P8K
OTP) WM- 66-18-AB
W AS LRK 8388-238-36- AB K1TFA/1 ^Kl8 IPT TFA,
WB8AHV WAlUMF)
379Q-186-20-A 62-1 IpB
ftftWEN 1127- ^49-23-B
^ _
74-13-AI
WA8YHN 96* 74-J ft-AB Rwtitrn. Mauacbuutt*
WAttttCN 760- 70-lmA K1AUB l3,6lM26-6a-ABOD
WBHA^J AO- 6-A W iKUJ lUp04M0»-49-ABCD
W8JBN 296- 36- H-ABI> K9AOP/1 W5- 27-17-CDE
WAfcVRd 196-2*-7-A W i i i t t TflO- &IM4-B
WBKCQU 1351- 3*- 4-A WA1BFI) 418- 3^lI-A
W8IPT ISO* 84- 6-AB K1CUY 297- 26-11-A BCD
K&YAll 20- 20- 1-A Wlirr* 180- 26- 6-A
WtfLOI I- u o W1MX iWASIfiJSYj K40Q1]
KKLUG (6 OPT*) &967-l6(«7-ABOD
WO* 66- 6-A
Matn4
HUDSON DIVISION W1YTW 1600- 66-20-&0
A u t t r * /Vw ^or* Wondering whot K1AOB u«ed to uiag the Division
WA1CKD 120- 16- 8-AB
WB2BIH _, ^ Leader spot? See above. Ed promises to be in
12,68U-38&-a7-ABD fighting on 144 MHx during the VHF SS. Mew itamptttfre
K2BOU 418M68-27-AB W1AZK 2814r 76-26-BG
WB2YQU WA1FW/1
3u74- 96-29-ABD 2220-111-20-AB
WA9J9PL 2680- 6W0-ABGD W1JBM 1966- 69-22-B
WAZHAt* _ _ KIPMM 228- 38- 6-A
1468- 8M8-AB WlDC/1 (17 qni%)
K3CQQ 1066- 4t-l»-L>
WBSmEM 320- 40- 8-B W1JJO (4opnt>
W2HF 370- 19- V-BCll 4806-160-81-ABC
W21P 170- 17-10-B WlflGC (KlHDOt W18CC,
WA2JBN 182- 3ft- 4-A &2QVV)
w s u f t (4 opn.) 8488-218-16-ABD
3660- 71-26-CD
K2ARU CKUJtU. WB2-
Ni*B) I960- W-20-BD
W2AJK 1046- 27-19-CDB
For* — Umfi Uland WAlQirO 860- K0-11-B
WB2MBK KfTBIfftf
i0,197-29£43-ABCDE
WBSM2B KIOYT 3692-142-26-AB
6974-206-29-AB
WB2YZV 4160-160-26-AB ifttMrn ATaifodlttMav
WBsrruT«ioa-u»-iipB
WA2Rl)B 14)76- 64-26-ABCD * i
n H «
WA8DPF 1664-128-18-B M H
WA2PMU
WB2QWU tt'lBYO/1 13&- 2 ^ 6-A
1003- 84-L8-AB WIUOB 112- 16- 7-AB
WB2ZBV 1090-109-10-B W1KZ8/1 (13 ODTSfX
W2KXG 690- 69-10-B W1DKC/1 (WllUKO U-1XD
W2LXC lUH- 1H- 6-B Jimf WB4LJP/4, operating from his shack In Alabama
WB2LGK1 106- 21- 6-A 270- 27-10-A B
WA'JBRt 4l> 10- 4-B comments he had a lot of fun and waited for the band WB2RWD/1 £WU'HZ^grB2-
WR2GYK 3*- 19- 2-B lo open but all was In vainl IQY)
EimuH bo- io- a-B
WA2FUB CWAte FUS! YJF)
4416-1U2-23-AB
VTB2MXZ 462- 66- 7-AB W20J/2 (4 opno ^ ^ DIVISION
Xortittrn WB21KX 414- 46- 9-B 14,446-267-4^- ABCD oripMi
WA2A2U 6M)2-2iJ6^-AB WA2PAX 1ftft- 7-AB W 2 a r r iwBsfs L^B MIC W7UDM
KSOWR V S O - M M M WB2LCJJ/2 6ro- 60-t0-ABCDE
WAJVA8 2704- 104^26-AB 126- 21- 6-AB 11,187-339-38-AB WA7AWJ 192- 48- 4-AB
W2A0T 2674-148- lft-B WA2 BUO 6-B W2KYH./2 <8 opn,) WA7ia«L 104i 4-AB
W3CVW E47S- 94-tf4-AB<JI> WB2XL1 20- 10- Juftuao-ui-AB K7XCB 76- 19- 4-AB
WAS UDT WA2FtIi 9- U- »-B WR'IMVCyS npn,) K7AUU/7 (12 Qm,)
2380-170-14-B WA2WKB/2 (11 opn.) 1905-110-16^ABCDE
W2CLL WW- 46-22-CO _ 52.861-6711-79-ABODS
W2UK 1834- 76-24-B VlfB20&G/2 (7 om.) MIDWEST DivisiON WoMhtitfto*
WR2GYA 1426- 76-19-AB 60,004-6 IH-69-ABCD
WXDZA. 1260- 47-3L-ABCD KH6GBIW (44 oopTB.)
L/J C /flfW W7PN 1167- 89-13-AB
W2AMJ 900- 46-20-B W6PFP 260- 26-10-A K7VNXJ/7 434- 62- 7-AB

QST for
 W E 2 0 K E / 2 the Interstate VHP Society, took second place K2LME and W 2 C U X holding their own on 144 MHz from
in the NNJ section for a multi-op entry. Shown operating W A 2 W E B / 2 , East Coast VHF Society club statjon.
is W B 2 U Q T with WA2BAT logging.

W7YOZ .'$12- 78- 4-AB WA6FAC 200- 50- 4-B ROCKY MOUNTAIN SOUTHWESTERN
K7IDX 60- 30- 2-AB W6FQV 100- 20- 5-AB DIVISION DIVISION
W7AZU/7 18- 18- l-A WA6FYNT 32- L6- 2-B • • ^

K7BBO (K7BBO. WA7MZK) WB6KBZ/6 (K6GSS. \VB6- Colorado Los Angeles

69 "i- 99- 7-AB . KBZ) 2280-190-12-AB WA0SKH (4 oprs.) K6YNB/6
W7TSS (W7T8B. WA7.TBG) 198- 33- 6-AB 1556-249-17-ABO
138- 46- 3-AB ROANOKE DIVISION W6GGV/6
W7DZO/7 (K.71DX, \V7u SOUTHEASTERN 2548-167-13-BCD
DZO YDP) Norm Carolina DIVISION K6SSN 2366-183-14-ABCD
132- 33- 4-AB WB4LDO/4 WA6TNTW 645-129- 5-A
1360- W1-17-AB Alabama
WB6PKA 605-121- 5-B
PACIFIC DIVISION K4YYJ 468- 36-13-B K4WHW/4 240- .60- 4-A K6HXW 568- 71- 8-AB
WB4HHH 232- 29- 8-A WB41JP/4 WA6FQU 552- 92- 6-AB
Bant Bay K4DFI 228- 38- 6-AB 135- 27- 5-A WB6SAE 440-110- 4-A
YVAdJtTD/6 (K6DDT. WA6- W4BNU 124- 31- 4-B W6QOV 426- 71- 6-AB
JUO) 792-1312- 6-B K4ROM U0- 22- 5-A Eastern Florida Orange
WA4BNX/4 (K4I,VVf WA4- W40.TU 94- 47- 2-AB
VOC) 3388-154-22- AB WB4KOM 9- W- 1-B WA6FIT 784-112- 7-AB
W4NLX/4 (13 oprs.) K6IBY 585- 36-13-ABC
K7ICW 25a- 28- 9-AB South Carolina 164- 81- 2-AB W6HPH 370- 25-10-BDE
WA6GER/7 1. 1- 1-B WB6YXY 275- 55- 5-B
WAY KB. 220- I8-1I-BU Georgia K6QEU (4 oprs.)
Sacramento Valley W41SS 105- 15- 7-B 6417-239-23- ABCD
WA6CXB 76- 19- 4-B Virginia WA40SR 100- 25- 4-A K6BPC/6 (4 opra.)
W6TEE 04- 15- 4-ABC K4SUM 4428-14 4-27-AB D K7JPC/4 (K7JPC, K8UQA) 2085-135-15-ABC DE
K4W 3U3U- 7H-30-BD 176- 22- 8-B
San Joaguin Valley WA4GLO 25/52-116-22-AB San Diego
WA4YXK West Indies W6NLO 2574-124-18-ABCD
WA6CPP 36(1- 36-10-AB 1092- 84-13-A B KP4DFK/KP4 W6QED 1206-134- 9-AB
WA6BVC 68- 17- 4-B \V4LiTtr 578- 34-17-B 19- 19- l-A WBQJIiC 100- 25- 4-A
WA61MN76 (WA6s EXV WA4ZSF/4 (4 oprs.)
1MN) 120- 19- 6-BD 5358-137-38- ABD Western Florida Santa Barbara
Santa Clara Valley West Virginia W4SRX (K1WYS.
I W Y B . opr.
opr.) WB6QLY/6
270- 30- 9 - A B 140- 35- 4-B
WB6CKT W3EMD/8 (K4RKA, W3-
1668-139-12-AB EMD) 7410-195-38-AB (.Continued on page 96)

Minimum Number of Sections Minimum Number of Sections Minimum Number of Sections Minimum Number of Sections
20 15 4 3 2 20 15 4 3 2 20 15 4 3 2 20 15 4 3 2
Band (MHz) |50 144|220'420|l215 Band (MHz) |50|l44 220|420.12l5 Band (MHz) i50|l44|220|420|l215 Band (MHz) IfiOl 144|220|420|l215
K1AGB 18 » 10 6 K2ERQ* 17 19 WB2GKE/2* 34 22 5 8 WA4ZSF/4* 19 16 3
K1HTV 10 K2LGJ 15 3 WB2SIH 19 17 I K8QEH* 10 6 3 4
K1JIX 7 9 1 K20WR 15 WB2VU0 21 K6YNB/8 7 6 4
KlPXE/1* 20 19 10 8 K2YC0 24 16 5 7 WB2YQU 9 14 6 W6GGV/6 6 4 3
W1AJR 7 11 1 W2AMJ 20 KH6GHL/2* 24 18 7 WflHPH 4 5 1
WJAZK 19 7 W2AQT 18 K3HKK/3* 28 21 6 7 W6NL0 6 5 4 3
W1DC/1* 25 21 10 10 3 W2CLL 7 15 K3IPM 22 16 7 7 K7AUO/7* 2 5 2 2 4
W1EUJ 18 14 8 9 W2CNS 23 19 6 9 K3IUV 11 13 2 K8VEX 20
WlJSM 22 W2DZA 3 13 4 1 K3MTK/3* 17 16 3 W8WEN 23
WlKZS/i* 25 20 12 12 W2GTF* 17 16 K3ZSG* 26 17 7 2 WA8LRE 24 12
WlMX* 12 18 5 n AJ W2MAU* 18 W3AD/3* 23 16 1 7 1 WA8PIE 20
WlSCC* 6 7 3 W20J/2* 15 17 8 8 W3AES* 23 WB8AHY 20
WlVTU 21 1 W20W* 21 19 5 W3ARW* 14 19 8 5 W3EMD/8* 14 24
W1YTW 16 4 W2UPT* 13 12 W3CGV 12 10 6 7 1 K9HMB 25 5 2
WA1IED* 22 16 7 7 W2UK 24 W3KWH* 31 K9KFR 22 13
WA1I0X* 19 20 9 12 1 WA2ANI 15 17 W3LUL 18 VE2DF0 15 20
K9AQP/I 7 9 t WA2EMB 17 4 14 W3FGA/3* 13 11 6 VE3EW/3* 17 18 5 2
K2ACQ 10 WA2EU8 8 8 4 6 WB2LZD/3* 23 6
K2AR0* 13 7 WA2HAQ 1 17 K4QIF 17 13
K2BWR* 20 18 WA2SPL 11 8 5 6 K4SUM 8 12 7
K2CQG 13 WA2WEB/2* 26 21 14 15 a WA4GL0 20 2 •Multioperator Station

January 1970
Australis-Oscar 5
When to Listen

BY SHELDON A. S U C K , * WA1IUO AND

W I L L I A M L D U N K E R L E Y , JIL,** W A 2 I N B

Australb-Oscar 5 U shown hi this official NASA photo-

graph in Hi final tfage of preparation before launch.

AamtraliM-QMcar S FrtgBMciti; its launch point, crossing the equator at an angle

2 9 . 4 5 0 MHz 144.050 ilSHx of 101-56° *UM\ At H&&5 aecouds (about d5
minutes) after lift-off, Tiros-M will he ejcctcd
from its position in the wise of the Delta vehicle
— SO seconds later Australis-Oscar 5 will be re-
leased from its renting place near the rocket's uoi-
zle. Both will finally settle into a rimilar orbit
ITH everything going according to plans, on about the Earth's pole??, at an altitude uf 790 nau-
W January (J, 1970S » NASA Thor-Delta tical miles, * 2u n. mi., or iHti.76 statute miles.
rocket will liftoff the pad At the Western NASA has agreed to jaunch Australia-Oscar fl
Test. Itange, California, It jriil carry Australia- HU a secondary payload on the Tiros-M mission.
Oscar 5, and Tiros-M, a meteurolojpcal satellite. AtKS is fitted into the iJelta second stage engine
The rocket will head S o u t h and slightly west from compartment where previous Delta secondary
* Talent! Mountain Hftienne Center for Student Involve- payloads have been housed, and the amateur
ment, Avon, Connecticut 0QLI01. satellite uses the same mechanical and electrical
** A*ri*taiit Secretary, AttRL arrangements M these other secondary payloads.
Note: The authon* wish to acknowledge th« assistance with Autftra] iM)scar £> will be in what is known
orbit computation, of William Daaicbwm of tli* Takott
Mountaintfriror?Out as a retrograde orbit, meaning that the vehicle
1
listen to WXAW bulletins for possible date change and was launched east-to-west against the direction
further information on the launch. of the Earth's rotation on its axis. The orbit will

T a b l e II
P a s s e s n e a r selected cities
trt Day $nd Day 3rd Day
Honolulu 1313 OMT Detroit osos GMT Honolulu 003S GMT
Fairbanks 1453 GMT Denver JOUO GMT Dallas 0S50 GMT
New Vork J SI 8 GMT San Franeisco 1156 GMT San Franeisao 1044 GMT
Dallas 2004 GMT Fairbanks 1H40 GMT Honolulu t242 GMT
Nan PranotoQ 22U4 GMT Detroit 1000 GMT New York J 748 GMT
Honolulu 2354 GMT Denver 2053 GMT Dallas lt>3S GMT
Fairbanks 335S GMT Fairbanks 2144 GMT
Honolulu 2*24 GMT
Atk Day 6th Day 6th Day
flrfmit irm GMT New York 0024 GMT Detroit 0706 GMT
Uu VeKM IW32 GMT Dallas 0820 GMT Las Veptt mu GMT
Honolulu 1130 GMT San Francisco 1014 GMT Honolulu u o o GMT
Fairbanks 1310 GMT Honolulu 1312 GMT Fairbanks 1240 GMT
Detroit £S30 GMT tfew York rn* OMT DaZfes ITKfl GMT
IM Voxas 2032 GMT IVnver imo OMT San FranoLsoo 1052 GMT
Honolulu 2113 GMT b'airbanks 2X14 GMT Honolulu 2142 GMT
Honolulu 240fi GMT Honolulu 2254 GMT
i 7lhDay
N«w York 0554 GMT Detroit 1648 GMT
Denver 074ft GMT Denver 1840 GMT
San Francisco 0944 GMT Fairbanks 2044 GMT
Fairbanks 1128 GMT Honolulu 2324 GMT

50 QST for
 Table I 39 346 J 334
. 40 015 I43S
South-to-North Equator Crossings * 41 M4 IHT2
R < 47 073 iai«
fJrbit Wb* QMT 2 43 102 £010
Number Longttud* Tim* * 44 131 2204
L 424 im 15 160 2368
* 363 141ft 46 J89 0153
3 OOH ifflO 47 218 0346
4 061 18U1 4* 24? 0640
3 090 1958 4» 276 0734
6 109 21A2 £ 50 30fi 0928
7 138 2846 QJ Al 334 1122
8 167 0144 J £ m (K>rs i3io
9 196 0334 53 (Ktt 1510
10 235 0528 £4 061 1704
J1 204 0723 55 0«0 IHSS
& 283 091G 56 lid 2052
P, 13 312 1110 67 148 2246
TS 14 341 1304 58 177 QT140
010 1458 2U6 0234
16 039 1662 60 0428
17 068 1846 61 264 062?
jy TO7 20M) 62 293 flK16
126 2234 5 63 32* 1010
so 155 0028 , 64 351 1204
21 184 0222 £ 66 020 1358
22 213 0416 66 0tt 1552
s:« 242 0610 67 <J78 174<f
* 34
271 0804 68 107 1040
M 301) 0008 69 136 2134
1H9 1152 70 165 2328
27 358 1346 71 194 01»
w 28 027 1640 72 223 0310
20 066 1734 73 253 0510
30 085 1928 74 381 0704
31 114 2122 £ 75 310 0858
32 143 2316 Q 76 399 1052
33 172 0110 ^ 77 008 1246
£> 34 201 0304 ^ 78 m7 1440
Q, 35 230 0458 79 066 1634
269 0652 80 095 1828
$ 37 288 0846 81 1*4 2022
38 317 1040 82 153 2216

also be ^^H1l^-«ynch^0T10us,, — the oriutal plane
will maintain a constant orientation relative to
the *un. In order to achieve such au urbit, lift-off
will occur at 1116 GMT * m minuted Based on
this launrh time arid on the orbital parameters
above, Table I presents urbital predictions for
Aubtralirt-Uticar fi for the first week following
launch.
Ti i determine which of the passed you will hear,
and the reception times, maisuJt u AustraIis-(Jscar
f>, Yl'hm* It's At," page 54 of QtiT for Octnher,
lflfift. The orbital information pmsented now, is
tmbject to revision: listen Lo W1AW bulletins
following launch for updated orbital predictions.
Auatralis-lJsear 5 will experience its orbital
birth almost directly over Nairobi, Kenya, East
Africa- The watellite will travel north by north-
east over eastern J£urope, arid then pass over
Elleamere Island near the North Pole. At litis
time, About- 1250 GMT, amateurs above 40*
latitude on the North American continent will
have their tirst pu&ible acquisition of Australis-
thwar 5. Hut, lo inont, the satellite at this point
will be di&tant, and signals too weak,
Keturning toward the equator for its first
orbital north-to^nf-h crossing, Australia-Oscar 5
will paw near the Hawaiian Islands at about 1312
UMT. It will still be several hours before the
satellite approached the eaateru coast of the
Unitedtftates.
Over the Azores at GMT, AO-5 may put
in a signal to well-equipped station* along the
northeast coast of the U.8. But by i>fiH GMT,
the ^satellite, now 4 orbits old, will be near New
Yorkfl sending it* telomntrin signals to most of
the ILtf. and Canada. Then, it« Dallas at 2008
GMT and Han PranciKcn at 2204 GMT. Table Li
gives the times at which AustraUHnOsrar n will be
near selected U.S. cities. In general, you should
be able to hear the satellite over points on the
earth up to 2455-statute miles away from your
location, |qmM
In recognition of thu powerful force that amateur
radio has proven to be in the field of international
goodwill, the English-speaking Union will sponsor
certificate awards for the top touring phone and ctw
dingle operator stations <DX and non-DX) in the
upcoming AKKL International VS. Competition.
The E-8U celebrates a golden anniversary this
year, to be topped off by a banquet in Washington
in November at which time the i*ertificates will be
presented. In addition to an expected appearance
by President Nixon, many high ranking dignitaries
will be present.

January 1970 51
 In the Public Interest, Convenience,Necessity
CONDUCTED BY GEORGE HART,* WINJM
The Public Service Honor Roll
A new Honor Roll luting will start next month
in ibis column, reflecting November activities
reported by SCMs and/or individual stations.
This listing is intended to supplement the tradi-
tional BPL and take into account the many
public service function* uf amateurs that are
not. involved in the "pieces of paper" handling
of record messages. Next month's initial listing
is just. a starter. The exact shape, sue and con-
tent will be determined by the amount of interest
and participation by service-oriented amateurs.
Points toward listing in the P8ETR can be
claimed for checking into and participating in
nets, for serving as net control station, for serving
as a liaison station between nets, fur handling
phone patches, for making BPL, for handling
real emergency traffic and for serving as a net
manager. Each such creditable function has a
maximum number of points per tuurith, su that
nobody can make t he Honor Koll by performing
a single type uf function, except handling emetv
gency traffic. Versatility in public service is en-
couraged and rewarded.
We are starting out with the point setup
detailed in Nov, QST {p. 75, under "Traffic
Talk"), St!Ms have been instructed on initial
handling of PSHR claims and a form has been
provided for this purpose (CD-188), although
it is not mandatory. Individual amateurs claim-
ing PSHR listing should indicate the breakdown
of point* claimed for each function, list the nets
involved, if any, and indicate the total points.
Those totalling 25 or over wili be listed. If the
monthly List get* too long, the number of points
required will be raided, as it was for the BPL.
Unlimited QST space is not available, sorry about
that.
There already have been a number of ques-
tions asked, and perhaps answering the more
common nnes herewith will serve a useful pur-
pose. Please refer to Nov. QST.
What is meant by an "ARRL*regiitered net?"
It is a net which is duly registered in the ARRL
net directory nard file and which is in ''active"
status. It does not necessarily refer to a neb listed
in the annual Net Directory; some nets may have
registered since the directory was printed or
their registrations may have expired. Thus* make
sure the registration of the net concerned is
current before you claim points for participation
in it.
* Communication* M&naaer, ARRL,
52
Why ir participation in r.w. nflf* given more
credit than participation on phone net*? We expect
this will cause some reaurgetice of the claim
that ARRL is rw-oriented, but this has nothing
to do with it. The fact is that more skill is re-
quired to participate in a cw net or to be net
control of same. In addition to proficiency with
the code, the participant must be familiar with
the (jN signals and how to use them, and with
hundreds of cw abbreviations and procedure
signals. Besides, only phone stations are eligible
for phone patch points; you can't do this by
ow.
Can a nrt control station claim check-in points
for the same net wanton * in which he nerves as NCSt
No, he can nut.. Actually, a NGS doesn't really
"check in1' himself. He checks in the other
stations.
Can an individual station claim the maximum
number of points for a ew function, then turn
around and claim the maximum points for the
same function on phone/ Yes. Versatility is
rewarded.
What do you mean by the term "regularly-
assigned liaison stationt" That's a sticky one. It
applies , mostly to NTS, most of the nets of
which have liaison stations assigned by the net
manager uu a regular basis. However, the points
are not available even to NTS nets unless the
net manager makes the assignment in advance,
and they a r * available to tiun-NTS nets if such
assignments are made. No such assigned liaison
is eligible for these points if it ".short circuits"
any NT3 channels. Assigned alternates who
assume the function in the absence of the regular
are eligible, but stations "spot assigned" by
the NCS are not Clear? Well, this one will have
tabe wrestled out.
What do you mean h»j a "legal" phone patcht
Aren't they aU legal notrt No, a phone patch
with a foreign country could violate the third-
party restriction if it were conducted between
U.3. or Canada and a country with which no
third-party agrcetnent exists. The Language is
just to make clear that these points cannot be
claimed for any such phone patching.
Wouldn't it make sense to distinguish between
the different types of phone patches, awarding more
poinix for those over longer distances^ or mth our
servicemen otvrseas, or in an emergency situationt
Maybe. But it would surely make the point
compilation more complicated, and this we
must avoid. It's complicated enough already.
QST for

S^VVMtV.-.- .
Lost month we reported that the Minnesota SEC had
received a medal for hb participation in the spring
flood emergency. "Hie North Dakota SEC WA0AYL also
received a medal and citation signed by Lt, Gen, F. J,
Clarke* chief of the U*Su Army Corps of Engineers. Herer
Dave Is holding the medal and certificate.
Do you mean to say that a traffic station who
handle* SfXJO messages in a month f r i l l wily get
ft point*j same as (me who handles only 100 original
lions/dtlixericxt That's right. T h e MXHVa-month
man gets his reward in the BPL» Most of thn«t*
who commented nn the P S H R didn't want any
rreriit. allowed for traffic, but this didn't wsem
right because it is part of the public service func-
tion.
What in a ,Breal rommnnications emeryuncf/f"
A gr>nd question. It's the performance of com-
muni cat ions by amateur radio in a situation
involving the life or death of an individual or
group of individuals, or their welfare, or the
wholesale destruction of property, in the absence
ur overload of commercial communications
necessitating the use uf amateur radio. How's
that?
.Vol so good. Does this mean timt a station ran
claim 1*8HR point* only if he (ii) is involved
prr*on<dl)f in each a situa&iant No. Let'* set up
au attenuation system. T h e station in t he emer-
gency situation can claim a point for each met*-
sage handled having a precedence uf E M E R -
G E N C Y , F or P2. Any station handling traffic
iu direct contact with such a station may claim
points for precedences of E M E R G E N C Y or
P. Other stations may claim a point for each
E M E R G E N C Y precedence message handled.
What kind of an award will be given to stations
making the PSHRf T h e honor of listing in Q8T>
Hov) about multi-ap stations? We contemplate
a separate listing for them, same as B P L .
Well, let's start it, see how it goes. — WtNJM*
W5AIR presented newly appointed EC WASfiCP with his
certificate of appointment on September 28. Left to
right are K5HMF, K5PFE, W5UEQ, WA5UKW, WA5SCE,
WA5TCP, K5GIY, WA5GXC W5A1R, WA5NOT,
WA5WEN, WN5VTP.
January 1970
Traffic Talk
The Eastern Area Staff of NTS at its last meeting
recommended the adoption of the symbol Q for a
niRNmtfu precedence, to replace our present PJi, Shall
we kick thin around a JittleT
Back in the early sixties when we were wrestling
with the problem r>f precedences, the basic principle
seemed to he to k<it nimple. Th* Kiorida buys
came out with uine precedences acid three emergency
"conditions." Your headquarters iume out with
seven precedencies and agency d^iKuations (dog-
Kuunit, we aliIt think that was a good Hysteml), but
rnont practical amateurs threw up their hands at the
prospects. Eventually, the precedent-** were atmpll-
fied to three designations; Emergency, Priority and
Routine, Briefly, Emergency precedence mensage*
were described as those having the direst emergency
life-nad-death significance, Routine am those having
no importance whatever, and l'riority as all those
in between.
This left a great deal of territoiy to }>e covered
by the P precedence, and there was soma unhappi-
neas about ft. In particular there seiner] to be a
pract teal need for d LfTerentiation between thoae
personal messages corning into and those going out
of an emergency area, since communicator* made a
practice (rightly koj of handling the latter first,
deferring the former until condition* permitted.
The dilemma whw wived by erecting a cupola on
the P precedence for incoming inquiry messages
ami designating them P2. This has served the
purpose Hini-e then, but there has been a small
undercurrent of dissatisfaction with it all along.
True, it- kept our precedences down to a simple
three in number — at least nominally — but actually
we had four precedences, and the existence of u
numerical Mjhw'ript i.m a precedence designation
caused confusion in a few isolated instances. Al-
though the confusion was not HeriouH, the question
the EAS awked was "why invito any confusion
when it is «u simple a matter to give V2 traffic a
separate letter designation?" Ho they recommend
tj. This wilt maintain the alphabetical *equeitce in
the decreasing order of precedences and can be
thought of a* inquiry traffic.
Thm nil eeems to make fairly good sense, and is
now on its way to "fmalisation/* to uae an obsolete
government term. But hefore it becomes standard,
we thought we would give any objectors a crack at
t, — WtNJM.
Xnttonnl Trtjfo tSystem. With thin month'* report
K3MVO in retiring as 3RN manager* Thanks for the
ynttmnfmirvinr, Pw, Thking ovcrasSRN pilot i«W3NKM.
Good luck in Lli* nam job, Bob. RKS certificates have
53
 The Enid (OklaJ Amateur Radio Club iponsored a booth
at tho FaD Festival held at the Garfield County Fair-
ground* <n Enid. Thirty-four me«ages were tent from
the booth. Left to right are WA5UJG,
WA5ZOO and WA5UJF.

The TOO Koufcflr: Waiitern Area (W8EMb. Dir.) —

W U HJQ NJM Y K Q , K1E8G, F R GKZ FU QC,
K i t K I T RYffp V i l v BLV CAL HMO tTWA, W3EML,
K3MVO, W'4* NfXJ SQQ UQ FT4KNP, WA4^UL,
Wffii OUT IXJ, K8KMQ, Central Area i W I L C X , Pir.) —
W40GG, K4AT, WBMI. Wto CXY VAY P IFAPs » W T
R A K V7>Mf Vftt* H I IN11 I>CX ZHN, KRAEM, WA0»
DOU 1AW M L B R Y R . Pacific A r w <W7DZX, Dir.) —
BQF R N X EOT IPG IPW V K Q VfcT. K6DYX,
WAte BRG L F A EOF, WB6HVA, H'7t « H T KZ, WAT-
CLF t K9JSP.

Public Service Diary

On Bept. y.aieaa pipeline exploded and rocked the
OmmridffB North mibdiviaion, a suburb of Houatott,
been to KftlBI and IVASDIL by WA6R0F, W7RQ Tax., destroying tifteen homes- W»K7A"/f# put <nit
reports that traffic has tncnmflffd on RN7 with a rmiltant the emeri^n^y rail aK O M T » u d was auawered
iacrauw in rate, WtfH&Y w/* that » R N wallpaper ban I>y W 5 C W L who wa* mobile near the a m i e . T h e
Ronn tn W«TCG anrf WFWKT,\, VMLBQ report* rep Houston in etntrr^HL-y ration® i^nter wan notified
pip on T K N and that apparently there w w tiu problems by W/iCTrVL und W 5 V C E , who were on duty at
involvrii ttith the ilrrimnn to Htay on BMfi in view of the the EGG* called the tire departmetitB and athor
turn in ianenMve lin-nmnfr. KZhJK *ay« (-tradition* ace
emergency *»rvieea vt-hile W A 5 F J N took control
COuti but KAN i w t hein* to anywhere near rapacity.
WAuRAK congratulate* his NCBs; all QNS report* Mere rjf the grovfiuit emergency net,
in Dou#'e hand® by the first ot the month, Soon eleven atnateure bad mobilcd t o the d i e t e r
r/rtn/wr seem? t o help out, bringing generators and
floodlight*. W A 5 P E V TO* sent t-o the nmrby hos-
iVtf -iW* 7Vrf/fr //nfe tatoa, ( pital wher* K6CNTT and W 5 C W L paaMed him in-
IRN 62 43U .348 7.1 90.8 formation on the injured being eent t o the hoepital.
2RN 6t 430 .«7 7.1 MA T h e hcmpital watt thereby fnrewnrned of the
3RN 62 477 . 420 7.7 patient's arrival. In all, there were about ama-
4KN 52 m .;« g.x TM teurs active in thn or standing by on
KNfi .37 S2* .;JM 8.4 73.7
RNTfl ttt .HI 7 1JU 100.0 frequency. — K6HXR, BC/ItO Harrt* County, Tex.
m i • • wm
HN7 61 473 .458 7,7 #1.0
&RN 61 44S ,305 7.3 93.3 On Oct. 26 thrrw auiateure aider] in the search for
9RN ttt 406 .346 6.5 96.4 a lo&t hunter near t ort William. Ont M at the ruqueftt
TEN 62 4»6 .500 7.9 SI J of the Lakehead Search mid H n ^ t e Tlnit. V R 3 B F Z
ECN 60 IH5 2,3 93,5 -mm at the l^ue vuinp o n M o u n t McCjuaig a a d
TWM 47 2?4 .247 4,8 54.9
supplied information to V E 3 U C K in P o r t Arthur
BAN 31 1360 1. (14 44.2 06.9
CkH 31 SRfi ,853 27.0 HftO and Vti&AYK in Fort. William. T h e outcome of the
PAN 31 1126 .843 33,1 W.U search mux't reported. — VB8ATZ9 HC Thunder
faction*' 1729 11061 Bay District, Out.
TCC Kaetern,.. lz4 a 6h7 V ••• «M
TOO Central M* ci41 V E 2 A L E reporta three automobile mishaps in
TCC Pacific,... 1085 _ which amiiteiirK were **f service. Ort. 27, VJB2BU
Summary Uttl sa 1 Hfi 14 A N 11,0 waii mobiling on the TranisOanada Highway near
Record 21*30 30735 1,408 15.2 Riguad, O u e „ when be haw a car Mudd^niy pull t o
1 flection and local nets reporting f54>: F M T N , F P T N f

QFN, GN f T P T N , VEN. WFPN, (FtaO; CN, CHN the Hide of the road and stop. T h e driver of the
(Conn.): W N f EPA, PTTK* BVABPTN f P a j ; Q U N , vehicle then jumped from the rnr and waa struck
VVSSH (Mich.)- WIN, WHtW, RWW, WHBN, KEN by a tnirk. V K 2 B U called UHing the V E 2 R M ren
iVVlm.); H«iN <y|KS ( K a n t ) ; WVN rVV- Va.); peater and waa answered by V E 2 A K M and V E 2 J 0
ABNB, AWNH, AKNH. AltNO (Ala.); RltfPN <RJ.>: who notified the uolife.
UN. O M R , Cjf'RN, Kranklia C.'mmty rOhio); OLZ, SSZ On Oct, 2U, V E 2 B F F discovered an accident on
lOklaj; N L U ' N iN.YV*: N*N Ull.>; CWN BUN M e t r o Boulevard in Montreal in which there were
*Utstri; W. Que. VTTF M T N iMaa.): NJSN
(N.J.); QfN find.); WSN (IVaiih.i; N C N (Gal.): M 8 P N , sftveml injuriCK llajng the V R ^ M T repeater VK2-
MJN, WAN t'Minn.M F O A T N i K y j ; NCNL, N O N E D I T w a » contacted and the police Hijmmone'L
fN,CS.): M D C T N (Md.-D.Cj; T T N (Tei,); W M N . E M N On Oct. , VK2BTT in contact with V E 2 A L E
^MBtt.). wheti he saw a car overturned in a ditch near the
* T O ^ aihedtf tat, not counted ax n«it nuedonii, Ontario-Quebec? border on highway' 17, T h e police
TVynw^inniiaf Oor^. says October wasu't were notified and a cruiaer was dispatched t o the
tine ut accident «cene- — V0BAL8*
W C Rfwttem'n better months with m\$*t* vul
lit^r^aMed traffic. Things NliaiiH be hart under control
flow, at leant as far as the schedule failures are concerned* On N o v . the Lakehead Search and Rescue
Octohtr report*: Unit again vailed on amateurs for communications
Punc- % flu* Oul-of-Nct futtfotance. A hunter waa lost near D o g River, Unt M
re* Tm$c Tragic about 56 miles iiorthweat of l^ort William,
Eastern ^124 90.3 1700 667 V E 3 G O K and V E 3 E D C went t o the ^ r c h area
Central 94 4 1363 M and «et up a transceiver on TS-cneteis. Contact
Pacific
Summary m
341 93.9 2070
6133 103fc
2343 was maintained with V E 3 A Y Z and 7 E 3 E D I in

54 QST for
Fort William and with VJGSAPM in Keuoi*. The
hunter's body was found later in the day and the
search wa» terminated.— VBXAYZ, EC Thunder
Bay Di*trici9 OnU
• 9 ft
On Aug. 20, amateur* who had been participating
in a West Virginia KACEti drill were alerted when
some flooding in the state was nuted. The drill wan
terminated and the net wan put on a standby basis
Several mobiles were available, but amateurs were
not nuked to ttiiter the Hooded area. — WAxNDY,
EC Vpthur, County, W. Va.
••i » it mmm
On September 20, WBHBPB, W B K B Z X and
W N 8 B F U set up an exhibit at the Wayne County
(Ohio) Kair. This was the first time aji amateur
station had heen used at the fair and it drew much
interest from the crowd. About sixty messages were
handled on *ix meter*.— WBXBPB, AtmlarU EC,
Way tie Count ift Ohio.
WA8COA, W8CHT and WAKlHtf were Ifiaving
a ham club meeting on the evening of Sept. 13
and were driving on Kerfttiehun Jload in Cincinnati,
Ohio, when they observed a car strike a parked car.
The driver of the vehicle did not stop. WSCIIT
contacted WA8CKB and Hiipplied information as
to the hit-and-run driver's route while the police
were summoned. The three amateurs followed the
car for several blocks before the police arrived. —
WA8COA.
ftm»
Members of the Kings and Queens County (N.Y.)
AKPSC wci* asked to supply communications for
the Third Annual Schooner Race OIL Oct, 4, The
race began off the Battery in Manhattan, proceeded
to the lower hay near the Verraaauo Narrows Bridge
and returned to the finish line at the 69th Street
pier in Brooklyn.
Three two-meter stations were used. The first was
aboard the light ship (/.&#. Ambrose, the second
was aboard the minesweeper U-S.8* Meadowtark
which &er ed as the judge's committee boat, while
the third was a roving land mobile. W300 and
WB** DKC and FXN manned the stations. —
WBtFXN, EC Kiw* County, N.Y.
III
Members of the Wayne County, Mich., AKEC
helped with communications for the Grand Na-
tional Koad Kally on Oct. 11. WA8HFV was set
up at the Henry Ford Museum while iV#s BFZ
MPD VCF, KUY2, and WAS* OXK and VIP
operated mobile to cover the checkpoints. Several
ba*e Nation* were active ah well to help with relays
on the two meter f.m. network. One of the 36 cars
participating in the rally was involved in an acci-
dent early in the event. WRMPT) and W A H H F V
were able to as&istin picking up the car. Fortunately,
there were no injuries. A total of fourteen amateurs
aided in i-ommunicatmg for the rally.— WSBBZ,
EC Wayne County, Mich.
Owensboro, Ky. t amateurs assisted at the annual
Battle oi Perrwille festival on October 11. The
event, whirh annually drawn Lftoo Boy and Girl
Scout participants, includes marches over the two
fifteen mile routes the opposing armies took en-
route to the battle. Safety and hiiministrabive
communications were handled by a fixed station
located at each of the two starting points and the
destination battlefield, while mobiles patrolled the
routes and hand held units linked busy officials
scattered about the battlefield area. During a
battle reinactmentp amateur radio scored a first
January 1970
as the Union and Confederate armies were linked
by y-meters to their respective commanders as
WB4FLA and WB4IZY accompanied the troops
into battle, Kentucky SbiC, W4VY8, was general
chairman uf the event. Other participants were
W4* OYI TOY, K4UDZ, WN4* MQR and NKJ.
— WiVYth SEC Kentucky.
» ft •
Amateurs furnished communicationftfor a cross
country foot and bicycle race on Oct, 19, The H6
mile race course cutendrei from Kails City, Nebr.v
to White Cloud, Kans. Six-meters was used with a
base station set up at the high school stadium in
Falls City and with several mobiles and portables
along the route. As each racer passed each check-
point, his number and time was relayed back to
Falls City where the information wan given to race
officials. Nine amateurs took part in the event.
WA0DF8, EC RMuufhnn Otoitdy, Nehr.
^^ m • • mm
Forty-fict 8KC reports were garnered for the
month of September, indicating activity by ltttul3
AUKC members. This is the name number of reports
and only slightly fewer member* than was initially
reported in last mouth's highs of the year. Since that
time the Michigan SEC report has been received,
elevating the Augustfigure*to 4H report* and 1 B,6ti5
members. Last year, 43 SEC* reported during Sep-
tember, indicating 15*517 AREG members- Thus
there was an increase of two SECs and 4Wti members
reported.
Sections reporting: Ala, Alta, Ariic, Arkr BO,
Colo, Conn, EFla, EMass, EPav Ind, Iowa, Kans,
TiA, Alar, Mich, Minn, Mo, Mont, Nebr, Nev,
NMex, NLI, NNJ, NTex, Ohio, Okla, Org, Greg,
Que, SF, SUV, task, HDak, HNJ, HTex, Tenn,
Utah* Va, Wash, WVa, WFla, WN Y, \VPa.
wmm •« a ^
Infopendtrti JVet JUpurU:
Stanton*Ch*Mn« Trqffic
Metro Traffic 419 505
Northeast Traffic 31 3A7 358
Mike Farsd E A T 27 318 363
Eastern US Traffic oa 67
Hit and Bounce . . . . 31 349 A14
North American 8SB..., . . . . 27 657 230
AH Service 16 IS
Clearing House. 353 248
30 Meter 1B8B . . . . 23 474 491
WStrav»g*
Stolen Equipment
The following equipment was stolen from Thurs-
ton High School in Detroit: ilallicrafters HT-44,
serial No. 344001; Halticraffcera 8X-U7A, aerial
Mo. 443038: Collins 3081, aerial No. 11178; Collins
a r: power supply, model No. MtiF-tt, serial No. 1U348
and a Hallicraftera ac power supply, model No.
PS-150-20. Anyone with information should contact
WB&BTtJ or Thurston High School, 26255 School-
craft, Detroit, Michigan 48239.
• ft ft
Many amateurs will be saddened to learn of the
passing of Butch Corne, K9HAB. Stricken by polio
at an early ai£, Butch operated his amateur station
confined to an iron lung, totally paralised except
for movement of onefinger.In spite of his handicap,
KuRAB excelled in amateur radio — his wuutries
total put him on the brink of the DXCC Honor
Holl, and Butch was first to earn the UJ3. Counties
Award I
55
 CAMILLE COMMUNIQUE

Amateurs Respond in Traditional Fashion to

Most Vicious Hurricane Yet

COMPILED BY GEORGE HART,* WINJM and BILL REICHERT," OTA9HHH

HAT was later described as the worst helping to supply tracking data, position re-

W storm ever to strike the mainland United

States .slummed into the [jouisiana*
Mississippi const on the afternoon of Sunday,
August 17. Alter the »torm had passed, left in a
Hwath uf nearly total destruction were hundreds
of dead and injured and (thousands of homeless
persons* Several small nnmm unities jiusb ceased
tu exist as gatherings uf families, homes and
businesses under the pressure of the 190-mile
per hour winds. Hurricane Camille was no lady.
Even after progressing inland, where usually
hurricanes rapidly diminish In strength and
become simple weather f ron ta, Camille stubbornly
retained enough ferocity to cause torrential
rains and Hash Hooding along extensive sertinns
of the Jarnes River in Virginia, thus adding to
the already immense devastation of widespread
areas. As might be expected, normal communicar
tion facilities were completely disrupted, or at
best overloaded to the paint of ineffectiveness.
Fortunately, there was adequate warning of
Camille's approach. For several days before the
storm came ashore, amateure wens active in such
groups as the Hurricanc Watch Net and were
* Communications Manager, ARAL
** Communication* Assistant, ARRL.
ports, etc. It is unfortunate that even with the
advance notice many people failed to heed the
warnings* This almost certainly added to death
and injury tolls making the clean-up job that
much more grim.
Herein will be told the story of the amateurs'
role in communicating before, during and after
Camille, as best it can be pieced together from
more than a hundred separate reports on ac-
tivities, Certainly it will be impossible to give
separate recognition to all those who deserve it;
indications are that several thousand amateurs
took part in one way or another. The best that
can be done is to sound a blanket "well done"
and to chalk up another in a long list of public
services provided by the entire amateur fra-
ternity.
Mississippi
The area hardest hit by Hurricane Camilla
was the Mississippi (tulf Coast from Waveland,
a small community a few miles east of New
Orleans, to HiloxL Between these points, and
extending several miles to the north, the de-
struction was nothing short of incredible. As

Wot since the Alaska Earthquake of 1964 have amateur* played much an im-
portant role in emergency communications* This compilation of reports from
amateur* who were "there" should end all talk about our losing our emergency
communications potentials

56 052* for
 the eye of Camilla approached, winds rose to
neftriy 1W miles per hour and tides were running
twenty to thirty feet &[>ove normal
Perhaps the hub of amateur radio activity
from the stricken area was K5TYP, the club
station on Keealur Air Force Base near Biloxi,
Preparations for the *t»rin. to come began when
the loss stable antennas were dismantled, spare
equipment was obtained utul a supply of gasoline
for the emergency generator was laid in. Then a
period of waiting began. Contact was maintained
with emergency networks all along that part of
the coast.
When the wind* began to rise, eight operators
(K5CVQ, KMHD, WB6AIT, K3RFC, WA4-
ViSY, K3QQN, WAZIOV and Airman J . T.
ttassett) were ^titl at their posts despite personal
danger. When the full fury of the storm was un-
leashed, it appeared that K5TYP might fall
victim to the killer hurricane. The switch to the
emergency generator waa made when normal
power failed, but boon afterward the "hurricane
proof" tower c-olbpml. In falling, the seventy-
foot structure destroyed rill remaining antennas.
K5TYP, however, was silenced for only half
an hour. Several of the operaton* braved the high
winds to install emergency antennas. K5TYP
was lucky; had the gnat that felled the tower
come from another direction, the radio shack
itself, and those inside, would have been crushed
under several tons of Hteel.
Inuring the half-hour K3TYP was off the air,
virtually all the station* operating in the urea
had been eliminated by storm damage or IOSR of
power. The rest uf the night was spent wait-inn
for the storm to subside and in supplying what
communications were jHwsible in view of the
total black-out elsewhere.
When daylight and normal weather returned,
additional repairs were made to K n T Y F s an-
tenna farm and additional operators were called
in to utilise all Ibe available facilities and help
fill the increasing varuum of conimunications.
Outride telephone lines were down and most
military communications, iucluding air traffic
control radio, were iiinpcrabla The first emer-
gency supply planes, dispatched from Eglin
AKB, Fla., were faced with the absence of radio
contact, except for short range approach control
radio. Through a telephone line to base
operations, K 5 T Y P operators were
able to help guide the 0-124 Globe-
masters safely to tiie field. Equipment
and personnel were loaned to the local
RACES, police and relief agencies in
areas as far removed from Keesler as
Bay St. Louis. In some cases operators
A typical tcane in Biloxi, Miu* after the hum-
This 1$ (or was) Central Beach Blvd. (U, 5.
Air Force PAofoJ
January 1 9 7 0
were airlifted by helicopter to remote locales.
As the immediate emergency situation eased,
personal welfare traffic was handled in increasing
quantities A total of 2800 health and welfare
messages were handled by amateurs, 1300 on
MARS circuits. A week after Camiile had passed,
K5TYP was still operating 24 hours daily.
Twenty-four additional amateurs and numerous
non^amateur personnel eventually participated
in the Keesler APB operation.
Elsewhere in the Biloxi area, W5BW had a
quick conference with W58PX, the civil defense
communications ot6cer, then proceeded to the
emergency operations center where he operated
for the next 72 hours with an emergency antenna
that had been erected. Contact was established
with W5IZS at the state «.d. headquarters and
a number of other points. Several priority mes-
sages requesting food, water, and blood plasma
were handled.
W50CJL, a physician, set his station up at
Howard Memorial Hospital. He was later joined
by W4SME, another MD who flew into the
disaster area from Atlantic Beach, Fla., on
August 21. W5BBX, operated by W5AFD,
K5SYG and WA5PPS, was active from the
Veteran's Administration Center after antennas
were repaired. Emergency power was used for
72 hours during which time 325 emergency and
priority messages were handled. W5TITV and
WA5PTE of Jackson and K5AFJ of Greenwood
gathered portable equipment and generators on
the morning of Aug. 18, thenmobiled to (Julfport,
where, after cheeking with Harrison County
authorities, they decided to continue to Biloxi
where they eventually set up in the Hotel Buena
Vista, thus becoming some of the first outsiders
to come to the aid of the ravaged area. They
supplied lighting for some rooms of the hotel,
aided WIX)X in returning to the air and operated
on 40 and 75 meters.
K5SVC, RO of Adams County, WA5GOH,
E C of Adams County, and WA5SKV, all men*-
bers of the Old Natchez Amateur Radio Club,
were instrumental in mounting a relief expedition
to the Waveland-Ray tit, Louis area. The con-
voy, consisting of several trucks loaded with
neoessaiy supplies and three or four cars, left
about 1830 GMT on Aug. lu. A* they proceeded

TrMt and utility poles were stripped by the high winds
along the beach, although the heavy cable survived in
most places. (Don Waters Photo)
south more and more evidence of Camiile's
passing became apparent After traveling iftu
iniles, the group arrived and began netting up at
the Hamad* ion about 0200 on the 20th. The
motel, although located only a few blocks from
the ocean, was for the mo*t part still intact and
was being used as a shelter. WA5GOH/5 went
on the air and began passing traffic on 75 meters.
The following morning, Aug. 20, an antenna
for flu meters wa< erected and K5UVC/-'i btycan
handling traffic on that band. The operation was
secured the evening of the 24th when commercial
power and limited telephone service were re-
stored.
W5LLB in Biioxi returned to the air when
power was restored on the morning of the 20th*
His house had been slightly damaged by the
high winds and a quad was destroyed, but the
vertical antenna had been taken down before
the storm and was only slightly damaged* By
late on the 21th W5LLB had handled nearly
1600 radiograms, mostly health and welfare in-
quiries and replies, and several phone patches.
The aid of several nonlicensed persons was
enlisted in the delivering of health inquiries.
The nearest working telephone was several
68
blocks away and it was necessary to send runners
back and forth with batches of inquiries and with
replies for those messages that could be delivered.
One of the local broadcast stations read some of
the undeliverable messages blind in an additional
attempt at delivery.
K8YUW/5 positioned himself at an evacua-
tion center at (Julfport after the worst of the
storm had parsed and handled 450 outgoing
welfare messages/ as well as several official
messages for Ited Cross and Civil Defense. Later,
when his Navy unit was activated and sent to
Pass Christian, K8YUW continued operating
mobile until the dc power supply failed on
August 19. From then on all operation was done
from an ac source available on the Navy base,
K5GEI, the RACKS ItO of Harrison County
(< iulfport.), took the hull by the horns and evenr
tuaily directed most of the liACES oommutiicar
lions along the coast, in addition to helping
with rescue units and dispersal of supplies.
Even after Civil Defense had decided the worst
was uver and ceased official ilACEJS operation,
K5GEI stayed on the job until the 25th, after
eight days of nearly continuous activity.
WA5KEY, Mississippi SCM, took time off
from his job during the first week of the emer-
gency to help coordinate the efforts of the state's
amateurs in relieving the stricken area. Both
WA5KEY and tiijC WA5JWD contacted FCC
and assisted in getting five frequencies cleared
fur emergenny-orily use, W5LDII also appeared
on several of the New Orleans broadcast stations
in an effort to secure additional amateur COUCH
munications aid for the Mississippi Gulf Coast.
Looickraa
Although there was little actual damage in
Louisiana, at least compared with that inflicted
in Mississippi, the effect on Louisiana amateurs
was probably greater than amateurs in any other
state, aud many journeyed to the Mississippi
tiulf Coast amidst almost impossible conditions
to render assistance there.
The bulk of the Information on what was done
by Louisiana amateurs was gathered by our
energetic 8CM Jack 8wanson, W5PM, who sent
packet alter packet of reports for our "Camilla"
file. Let's run through the stack of reports from
Louisiana amateurs, most of which were collected
and sent in by Jade.
The report of SEC W50B states that amateurs
from Louisiana, Mississippi, Alb am a, Western
Florida, Arkansas and Texas converged on the
Gulf Coast and set up stations at various stra-
tegic points. The FCC engineer-inrchaige of
District No. S (W5RA) declared 3890, 3900,
3910, 3025, 3940, 3037*5, 3993.5, 7251, 14,290
and 14,320 kHz as voluntary emergency fre-
quencies. There were 25 amateurs from the New
Orleans area, 18 from the Baton tfouge area,
W5CFQ, WA2ICV and another airman rig a
antMM in tfi. ruira of a mot«l ouMda"
(U. S. Air Fore* Photo)
QST fee
One of K5TYP'» six operating positions which were
operating 2 4 hours a day for hotter than a week. This h
WA1JUP handling contact with a portable unit which had
been airlifted to Past Christian, Miss,
ft/. 5. Air Fore* Photo)
and 8 from Monroe who traveled into the Gulf
Coast area to set up stations at Waveiand, Bay
St.. Iiouis, Paw Christian, Gulfport, Bilmri and
Pascagoula, while 47 New Orleans amateurs
supported them from home stations and approxi-
mately .50 Baton ftouge amateurs operated the
i.nvil defense center for seven full days.The Navy's
communications van from t he Shore Electronics
Engineering facility in New Orleans wa* manned
by three amateurs and other personnel and pro-
ceeded to Waveiand, under the mil WA5DNZ/5.
Operation proceeded through a number of
nets, such as NTS'b LAN (Louisiana Amateur
Net) on iWIS, the Gulf Onvtt SSH Net on 3925,
the Central <Tiilf Coast Hurricane Net on 31)35,
the Delta 8SB Net. on 390ft, the Mia*. HSB Net
on 3047.5. Navy MAHH was also active, lining
amateurs in six net* outside the amateur bands.
Singled out especiallv by W50B for recognition
were K5TYP, WoFMO, WA5DNZ/R, WAfi-
GOH/5, WmCC/R. WA5WMP, K5YBT and
WMHU, but hundreds of operatoni were irn
volved,
Some of the details of operation* by the gang
from Louisiana are uf interest. WA5WVJ from
New Orleanjs says that he and W5EGH were
" grubstaked" {also supplied a generator and
transportation) by Kaiser Aluminum and oper-
ated from Waveiand from Aug. 19 thru Aug*
23rd, mostly around the clock on ItiOR kfls,
41 Makes me proud to he a ham/' states* WA5WVJ.
A division newsletter from Delta Division
ARltL Director WftLDii says: "Cooperation
with olhcial agencies was excellent. Red Cross,
Salvation Army, National Guard, military unit*
and local officiate ail teamed up and amateur
radio unee again proved ite value in time of
disaster." He mentions especially the outstanding
work of former La. SOM WfiFMo, who handled
uie&sages for IK hours a day for over a week.
A separate report from W5FMO makes hardly a
January 1970
Health and Welfare traffic became a problem very
early In the game at K5TYP. Here Is K 3 Q Q N at work an
this project, maintaining contact with the Gulf Coast
Hurricane Net. ft/. 5. Air Forte Phofo)
mention of his own work but details that of other
amateurs, to wit: WAfiVOB assisted in operating
the Naval van at Waveiand: W5IQM and W5-
SOJ uperated the Lakeshore disaster base and
were later relieved by W5MQ and W50UD;
WAS* OVX JVT and W5WFU helpod operate
WfiFMO At the Metairie net control station;
W5KS1 operated at the Gulfport Tied Cross
and at Waveiand; W50B did yeoman duty from
his home station; K5MDG established a station
at the Divine Word Heminary in Bay St. louis;
WAR* HMO ATMP IVfi* JYK and IVFoperated
a Wed Cross* base station. W5UK, atop the
International Trade Mart in New Orleans con-
tributed use of its 6 and 3-meter links, W5CZJ
one of the principal operators. The Metairie
group operated for 10 days handling traffic, all
iu standard message form and properly authentic
cated consisting of requisitions, orders for doc-
tor*, nurse*, helicopter military business and
R*.*d Cross business. The Lake rihore Disaster
Center and the Bay fcJt, Louis station were in
operation about six davs.
W5CDI has luKh words of praise for W5GOH,
net manager of the Central CJulf Coast Hurricane
Net, " H e quickly gathered operators and their
rigs together, set our net iu action and hand-in-
hand with civil defense and other communion
tions agencies rushed into the stricken area and
«r. tip iu Waveiand, Miss,, at what was Left of
the Elamada Inn- From there the net began
functioning, handling traffic regarding medical
supplies, doctors, nurses, hospitals, coroners,
fitc. We feel there were many lives saved; cer-
tainly a lot of anxiety WAS relieved."
W5GHP spent about 58 hours of actual traffic
handling most of it> in LAN, from Sunday (17)
through the following week. As time went onf
he says, traffic out of the disaster area increased,
but LAN was able to handle it all on normal
schedules from Thursday on.
59
 in devastated Wavoland, Mis*., much of the communka-
Hon was handled from thfs Navy Communications van,
using Che call WA5DNZ/5. (Photo by W5FMO)

companion, about U8UU Aug. 19, Kirst contact

was made with K5US0, then K5AJF17/5 in
BiloxL Later, lie set up at the VA hospital in
Culfport and operatal on 7200 klls, K5DHG/5
took net control when WSQWY started to get
fagged out. Other contacts were maintained
with VOK RKF and OB, W4BT3A/5 in
Biloxi, WA5WGG in Waveland. When the VA
hospital had been evacuated, he went off the air
at 1800. Aug. 19.
Baton Rouge RACES Radio Officer W5IQM KoliUT submits a detailed report of activities
reports that the Baton Rouge EOC i'KfiTBT) from WfiUK, dub station of the Greater
was on the air from 2 p.m. Sunday (17) until the New Orleans Amateur Radio Club, situated
game time the following Saturday, serving as atop the International Trade Mart Building.
net control on 3925 kHz. W5ITK WHS activated at 1100 Aug. 17, with all
WA5QVN says lie got started Tuesday and operators on alert and emergency equipment
got a team together consisting of rix amateurs ready for action- Fortunately, the X0-m,p.h.
in three cars with generators, rigs, wire, food winds that hit- New Orleans did little damage and
and water and all other necessities and took otT power was not lost. Nevertheless, on Aug. 18 the
for (iulfport, arriving about 0730 after an all- (JNOAltC started sending operators and equip-
night drive. They operated on 75 and U0 meters ment into the disaster area, and within 24 hours
for the Red Cross, handling emergenny messages were in contact with wnergeimy satellite ntations
and later a few incoming welfare metrtages. in Bay St. "Urnis, W&veland, Lake Shore and
Later, announcement by sound truck ami over Clertnont Harbor. Traffic handled eonriated
WWL generated about 250 outgoing welfare mainly of medical demands, requests for doctors
mewagea, which kept thmi busy until midnight and nurses and for emergency power equipment.
Saturday. One of the operators bet up a six- Welfare traffic for the disaster area started to
meter link from his mobile to headquarters, pile up at WfiUK but was held for clearance until
and later two more amateurs came from Monroe the mure important traffic had been taken care
with more six-mater fm gear, later wed as the of. After 3 days, some of this traffic was taken
governor's "command post" sit the airport to into the disaster areas by relief operators. Four
oountv c,d. heudquarters. Those in the expedi- puoltiona were manned from W5UK, on 75, 40,
tion were \V5* (UJZ OPK, WAS* VQP VCJtt ti and 2 meters. Of these, ti was the most reliable,
QVN 8XU, WNSn VMR Y(U. although most traffic was handled on 75. The
W5QWY relates his rjcperiences at length in 2-meter repeater worked perfectly and enabled
getting to Gulfport to HSBL&L After jnany at- contact with mobile units and stations on the
tempts to get transportation for himself and his (julf Coast. K5HUT mentions long lists of op-
equipment, he decided tn go cm his own, |{e in- erators artivr, both at WMJK and in outlying
stalled his equipment in the back of his station locations, some in several, while he was "all
wagon, complete with whip antenna and genera- over" supervising, setting up antennas, relieving
tor and arrived in liulfport, with an unlicensed operators and acting as errand boy, waiter and
chauffer. Support from the OBers was "magnifi-
cent" as was that of the YL International SUB
System on 14,332 klit.
tn an interesting article prepared for FM
Magazine, K2IEZ, one uf the W5UK gang, tells
of his expedition to Bay St. Louis with W5KSI
and WSLH1S, and of WftMOC'a early arrival
in the Gulfport-Bay St. Louis area to set tip the
first amateur radio communications link with the
rest of the world. He says that until Tuesday
morning (19th) W5MCO was the only communi-
cation out of the are a, except for YVA5UEG hi
Waveiand, who operated day and night on 75
&*b and 146.040 fm passing traffic, giving direc-
tion* to relief expeditions, supplying antennas,
feedlines or whatever was forgotten ur needed.
WAfiYOA of Shreveport journeyed to Biloxi
Inside the Navy van at Wawland. Ifcaft WA5TPS at and, with two other amateurs, set up at the
Hie mike, (Hioto by W5FMQ) 3382nd Students Squadron at Keesler Air Force

60 QST for
 Fiase, handling mostly health and welfare traffic.
A letter of commendation from the Louisiana
State MARS Director to turn said, in part,
"Your dedicated outstanding performance, at
personal expense, makes you the kind of citizen
WA can all be proud of."
WA5FWX of Huston, La,, installed a rig in
liis car on Aug* IS, after listening to reports
from the disaster area, and headed for Guifport,
reaching there late in the afternoon. He assisted
in setting up WftMCC, then served as a liaison
between a local radio station and the lied Cross,
then returned to W5MCO where he set up a
ground plane antenna and made contact with
K5TYP at Header AFB. Here's the letup at Bay St, Louis, operating under the
K5AJK from New Orleans get up at Hancock call K5MOG/5* (Photo by W5FMOJ
Memorial Hospital in Bay St. Louis the second
day after the &torm arid at that time was the
WA53XD sends in a chronological report of
only communication from there. He worked into
his operation from his home station in Norco,
the Baton itouge 0 0 Net- and sent out requests
La., west of New Orleans. He and his XYL
for emergency medicines ami other relief ma-
WA5KUP Jogged a total of about 78 hours of
terials. He also handled consultation and other
assistance to neb and stalions both within and
types of calls for doctors and dispatching of
outside the disaster area, over a span of seven
medical and other types of supplies to outlying
days. Most of the operation, particularly during
areas. For two days he hardly left his equipment
the latter stages, was in the Central Gulf Coast
and was given preventive inoculations while
Hurricane Net on 3U3/5 kHz.
operating,
The Ozone Amateur lladio Club's bulletin
WA5LVE and KSOU fiew into the area in-
QRAf (HIidell, La,) gave a pretty good rundown
dependtly the day after the storm to survey the
of activities of its member* during Cumiile. Some
damage, decided to go back to New Orleans
of the gang were set up in an unofficial net- as
and load their plane with gear and return to help
early as Sunday morning, with WJSPFT as NCS-
with communications. After a daring night
As the storm increased in intensity, one by one
landing on a darkened runway irt Gulfport,
they started going off the air. WA5CKJ signed
they set up in a nearby airplane hangar. The
out at 1447 with the words *Tm gonna bail oub
aadgnmen t was coordinating communications
before the water gets over my power supply," and
for request^ meeting and unloading of relief
subsequently his home was completely destroyed.
materials. They were also instrumental in getting
Amateurs from the Slidell area, led by WfiPFT,
help in unloading arriving shipments: the "call
set up in a back room of the Pafts Christian tire
for help" was sent back to New Orleans, relayed
station, left tilthy with mud and debris after four
to a broadcast station and transmitted back into
feet of Hood-water had swept through it. Traffic
the disaster area, and soon volunteers started
in civil defense emergency and priority messages
arriving at the airport Nice job by WAftLVE
was so heavy that the generator ran for 36 hours
and especially K5C5J, who spent several days
continuously, refueling white in operation. About
at the hangar.
ten amateurs kept this vital operation in motion.
Accepting much of the traffic out of Pass Chris-
tian were K5AGI and WA5TT1I, who managed
to stay on the air, substituting for tfUdell's c,d,
station after its antenna blew down. After the
u<L station was put back on the air W5FSA,
W5RBT, and WA5BIIM did most of the operat-
ing. The Pass Christian operation began,on
Tuesday (19th) and continued through the fol-
lowing Sunday. During this time, many amateurs
came and went from 81idell and Baton Kouge to
Pass Christian, bringing new operators and
equipment, replacing generators and supplies
for the stricken areas, and hand-delivering wel-
fare traffic for addresses which no longer existed.

Virginia
After Camiile had finished with the Gulf
Coast, she continued northward, eventually
turning to the east on a journey that would end
Ibm station operatingfromLakethore, Mtts.r was manned in the North Atlantic more than a week later.
by W5MQ (at mike) and W50UD. (Photo by WSFMO) The Btorm system was no longer classified as a

January 1970 61
 hurricane bub the driving rains the front carried
continued on a pillaging course, drenching the
countryside with a downpour that caused serious
flooding in the upper valley of the James River in
Virginia.
It was early Wednesday, Aug. 20, when
authorities began to realise toe extent of the
disaster that had occurred. Communications
were in a shambles; amateurs were asked to help.
Virginia SEC K4LMB.was out of the Ktate
when the disaster struck. In her absence WA4PBG
took over as acting SEC for thefloodemergency.
A three-way telephone conference among
W4KFC, Roanoke Division Director; W43KJ,
Virginia SCM; and WA4PBG was held to decide
how amateurs could be of best service iu the
situation.
By the evening of Aug. 21 WA4YFJ had
managed to mobile to Buena Vista and was
operating on the Virginia Sideband Met (V3BN),
with the other section nets, VN and VSN,
operating in support. Later that evening K4KPT
was also enroute to Buena Vista, but since com-
munications had been established there, he was
diverted to Glasgow, since there was traffic
destined for that city with no uufiet available.
The following day WA4DFE, WA4GMN and
WA4ZMT, all residents of Buena Vista, were able
to assist WA4YFJ. As suon as the highway to
Glasgow was cleared, WA4DFE mobiled to that
location to relieve K4KPT who had to depart.
Contact was made with the Red Cross to
determine if amateurs could be uf help with
communications for some of the smaller hamlets
that lie in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Northern
Virginia. Although no direct oonumuninatiojis aid
was requested, the Northern Virginia Radio Club
did prepare two generators and kits uf light
bulbs, extensions, etc., to be used by Red
Cross in the disaster area.
WA4VQC reports, in an article that appeared
in the LA&C Bulletin, that after the C A P Tele
— »• - -1,
Tlie FTM Building in New Orleans looms over the rest of
the cfty. W5UK, bdoding the repeater used to widely
during Coimlte, i« located at the top.
62
Jury-rigging on antenna of the Boy St. Louis stotior
(Photo by W3FMO)
phone Company requested amateur communica
{ions aid, WA4RWP was flown to Lovingstoi
by helicopter, equipped with a 2-meter fa
walkie-talkie to be used through tiie VVB4UC3
repeater. K4KJN was set up at the teiephon
company office in Lynchbutg and necessary in
formation was supplied directly to teiephon
line repair crews. Thursday and Friday, Aug. 2
and 22, communications were supplied for rescu
crews and evacuation teams fighting their wa;
tn the isolated communities of Tyro and Massie
flill, W4GCJB placed a remote control station i
uperation to help with the additional traffic load
Home problems arose when, during the evenin
hours, skip lengthened uu the 75-meter banc
Stations operating from the Gulf Coast, usin
the same general frequencies as VHBN, we*
coming through, causing mutual interference
Contact was made with the Virginia Fone N«
manager and it wart agreed that VSBN wool
(JjSY to the VFN frequency where the two nel
could operate as one, thus alleviating the QUA
problem.
The Apricot Net of Cleveland set up quite
system for handling Cumille traffic. KSON.
sends us a sheaf of clippings, letters receive
from grateful people who were served, and son
expository material detailing the operation. Tl
work began on Monday (18th) at 2245Z, whe
14 priority messages arrived on the net. Aetivitii
of one kind or another in support uf relu
operations in the affected Gulf urea continue
through the end of the month, and our repoi
from K80NA says "our jobs are still not fix
ishefi" Which only goes to show that the woi
ouiy barely gets started while the wind is sti
blowing, and continues far past the time nhc
"normal" communication is restored.
053* fa
 A nice report from WA2GPT details some of
the activity on the Interstate »Sideband Net on
14320. K4KHL and several others did the net
controlling and much traffic was handled having
to do with medical supplier*, food, generators,
FAA dispatcher and plane and personnel informar
tlon. Two other control* on this net were KP4CB
and HC1MF. On Thursday, WA2UPT took net
control on 14,290 kHz, an assigned emergency
frequency, for several hours.
WttMLZ's column "Calling CQ — Ham On
Air'' for Aug. 23rd contained a good writeup of
amateur efforts during the »torm. Tie lints 3987.5,
3093.5, 7254, 7268, 14,290 and 14,320 kTIz m
emergency frequencies and K3HHY, WB4BHW,
K40RU, K4AF and K5GEI as outstanding net
control stations. The column reports monitoring
of amateur radio messages from K5TYP at
Keener AFB giving approach and landing in-
structions to airplanes coming into the darkened
runways, appeals for shipment of emergency
generating equipment, including a fifty-kilowatt
plant for Howard Memorial Hospital in Biloxi,
a phone patch from a Qft-ywir-tM lady who had
swum to safety in swirling flood waters, io her son
in Pasadena, a report from WA5PMZ outlining
some of the damage in New Orleans and environs,
information from K5GEI hi Gulfport mi the
incredible devastation in that city. "CUi&ens
of this country/' winds up the column, "can
he thankful for amateur radio when disaster
atrikee."
Linn County (Iowa) Radio Officer W0LTJ re-
ports that when inquiry traffic swamped the
Red Cross Chapter of Marshalitown, the traffic
was transferred to the Linn County municipal
ad. office where it was recorded and passed to
operators at W0W8V, the amateur station.
It was then pub into the Iowa 75-Meter HciB
Net and the Iowa Tall Corn Net, both operating
at NTS section level, for relay to destination.
Over 40 such messages were involved, all with
HXB-48 (cancel if not delivered within 48 hours,
and advise originating station) in the preamble.
No replies were received.
A packet of information from WSJ AH, La.
State MARS Director, directs attention to espe-
cially-meritorious services performed hy tSMHgt.
L. G. JKrost, WA5SPL, at Keener AFB. Frost
traveled from Barksdale AFB (La.) to Keesler
AFB, along with WA50Q0 and WA5YOI, at
their own expense and set up operations at that
point using their own amateur gear, with com-
plete approval and assistance of the Keesler
authorities.
A clipping provided by WB4NGR tells us of
activity in the nation's capital during Camilla.
On hearing of the disaster, he activated the club
station at Georgetown University (WA3FXJ),
where he is a graduate student, and began relay-
ing disaster messages, continuing for many hours
W5UK, station of the Greater New Orleans Amateur
Radio Club, operating atop the International Trade-
Mart Building in downtown New Orleans, controlled a
scattered network of stations in the disaster area manned
by club members.
January 1970
through Tuesday. Other amateurs in the area
were active at the National Institute uf Health,
Public Health Service.
Much of the travel into the Mias. Gulf Coast
Area by amateurs from Louisiana was in response
to a widely-pubUmed appeal by AKtiL Delta
Division Director W5LDH. The appeal was
issued late Monday when it appeared that com-
munications with the stricken area were virtually
nonexistent and amateur assistance obviously
needed.
Eastern Florida S1SC W4I"YT Heads us a batch
of clippings which tell the Story of widespread
participation of Florida amateurs in Camille
communications. Spared from the brunt of this
one, for a change, amateurs iu Florida have
ample sympathy for the plight in which Miss.
Gulf Coast amateurs found themselves after
Camille and, accustomed to the type uf operation
involved, acquitted themselves in an orderly and
capable manner.
The calls K4CRU and K4RUL appear fm*
quently in the writeups. These two stations were
mainstays of the Hurricane Alert Net on 14,320
kHz.
One Ktory has it that $8YUW/JJ, operating
from Gulfport from his car during the siorm, lost
all his car windows when the storm hit and
crawled under a truck for protection: but next
morning he was back on the air.
Western Florida amateurs were active during
Camille, reports HCM W4RKH. The Western
Florida Phone Net (WFPN) was in emergency
seawion fnr tffl consecutive hours, handling in
excess of 600 messages, most uf it through
WA4EVY at Pensaoola. During the "scan*"
prior to the time the hurricane continued its path
northward into the Mississippi Gulf Coast
ijistead of veering to the northeast as was
expected, amateurs provided local communica-
tions on 2-meter fm, with NC8 at the o.<L
center, and Jonft-rauge communications on 75
phone and 80 cw via Individual stations. After
the storm, several teams of amateurs went to
Mississippi; one team went to Pass Christian and
stayed two days {WA4* TiBM, IMC, K4VFY,
63
WflCTA/4) and another went to North BiJoxi
for four dayB (WA4» JSVU W A X , WBJL* EQU
HEQ). Both groups provided the first communi-
cations available out of their areas, Still another
group from Pensacola ventured into Mississippi
to assist, but details are lacking.
A separate report by Western Kla. PAM
W4MWW indicates that WFPN was in operation
before Oamiile hit land and operated long after-
ward in an organized and efficient fashion »how~
inp ample evidence of in ten tie training before
hand. WA4JBCY operated 24 hours a day and
W4TYH spent long hours at the NCS throttle.
WA4VBM and WB4AQZ uf Memphis, although
not net members, also made significant contribu-
tions by handling many priority messages.
Publicity
Perhaps more ho than in any repent emergency
communication* operation, amateur radio reaped
a rich reward of favorable publicity for its overall
performance iu the aftermath of Hurricane
Camille. While sotne amateurs swelled with
justifiable pride and others offered jusUas-
jus tillable mtidsm of what had been accom-
plished, the public pretk and other new* media
as well as served agencies, organizations and in-
dividuals were extravagant in singing the praises
of amateurs. "Local (amateur) nets did yeoman
service all over the United State*," **}iid m
editorial in the Denver Vlt isn't likely it
will ever be known how many or who helped out.
Yet again 'hams, well done.' " " ttadio Amateurs
were a tower of strength," rvads an editorial
headline iu thn New Orleans Timw-i*iea#une.
"When the full story is told of (he quiet, unob-
trusive dedication of volunteer workers . . , too
much credit cannot go to the army nf amateur
radio operator* who provided sorely needed .com-
munications in the stricken Gulf Coast area.1'
U U and when the final story on Camille is
written/* editorialises a correspondent t»f the
Mobile (Ala.) /*rau Register^ " i t is now a matter
of record that amateur radio is helping build a
better tomorrow, through public service to &ome-
one, somewhere, today."
Generally speaking, the only way to write a
summary article on such an emergency as Ilur*
ricane Camille is to condense and paraphrase a
half doz*?n <>r so of the major reports from the
field, then build from this point. This was the
procedure followed above. I t does not result iu
the most concise or chronological account, but
it has a better chains of being complete than any
attempt to piece together a chronological or
expository story of what the amateurs did. Kven
su, we have no doubt that many amateurs who
participated will not have been included, even
by inference* in tlie above Ktory: at least, this
has always been m in the past. Some of the minor
reports have had to be omitted for lack of space,
but all individuals who were reported as being
active will eventually be therecipient!*of AllKL
PublicfcterviceAwards, one of only two awards in
64
our portfolio which is not asked fort worked for
or expected. Any amateur who took part hut
does not receive such an award i better give it
a couple of months) should drop us a line briefly
dtating his activity, so it can be included in the
ARPS column and an award issued.
ConeluMion
Well, that's that. But it isn't quite all. The
critique &till remains. While all the nation sings
the praises of what the amateurs did in Camille,
fame is a fleeting thing and our public service
activities can quickly be forgotten by a tickle
public. The biggest award in a public service Is
satisfaction of a good job well done, and the
feeling thar it. is appreciated by those who bene-
fited from it; but what we did in the past, how-
ever recent, is no more Important than what we
can do nwi, and what we shall be able to do in
the future. We aiiLateurs all know that amidst
all the jself-satisfaction and praise, uur per-
formance in Camille was not tiawless. The critique
will make an attempt to examine what was
wiwig and exemplify what was right and seek
for an even better performance ''next time."
And we all know there will be such a time, aa
much as we may piously hope not. fljffEH
RULES EOR LIFE MEMBERSHIP
I. Life Membership U granted only by
the Executive Committee, upon proper
application from a Full (U. rf- or Canadian
licensed J Member.
The Life Membership fee is twenty times
the annual dues rate, or currently $130.
3. Au applicant may choose an alternative
time-payment plan of ft quarterly iuslal-
m e a t s , 416/25 each. In web instance he
will be provided an interim two-year Kull
Membership certificate. Upon completion
of the i»aymeuts, Life Membership will be
granted.
4. Life Memberships are nontransferable
and dues payments are non-refundable.
Ln the evqat an applicant is unable to
complete payments on the instalment plan,
he will be given a term of membership,
at the annual dues rate, commensurate
with payments received.
5. Other licensed amateurs in the bame family,
and at the same address, of a life Member
may retaiu or obtain Family Membership
npon payment of the annual dues iif $1, but
without rereipt. rrf Q&T. The dues of the
Family Member may be prepaid for any
n umber of year* in advance, but there is
no special rate.
6. Application forms are available upon
request from the Secretary, ARRL New-
ington, Conn. 05111.
QSTiot
 SJL thsL public, wisumt, £0tWSUWUt£JL, flQCQ.&Ai
Announcing the Twenty-fourth ARRL
Simulated Emergency Test
January 24-25,1970
Y oh my. Is it that time of year already? tion, there will be traffic to handle, people to
M friends, tlw date* »>f the 1970 riKT
evacuate and other agencies w> serve, all in
simulation, of course. Each NET participant is
urged to originate two message* during the test:
are getting closer and closer, and now that one to the SEC of his section and one to a friend
the Christmas aiuj Now Year holidays will soon at a distant point.
be history for another year, alt public service For further details, contact the EC or HO,
minded amateura* thought* will be turning to or get your own plans rolling for ciEC. But
that weekend of boundless fun. hurry, there ain't much time left.
After last year's great showing ("We did
fine in '69") we'll have to go some to improve
uur marks. Amateur radio can do it, though it r 1 [ \ W i

may take a bit of hard work.

This year'* test will be pretty wimilar to those RADIOGRAM
iu recent years, although as usual a few minor i M t

•J7
I niEiijvv I - I

sast t I I mnit lit I ™ immm fir

r i T ,-*- -• -•• ~ i ~ " 1

I m J
,u* I 11

changes will be tried, After all, the purpose of Ot JAI

mPUTiuHiu vmv tmuw
SBT is to demonstrate our abilities and to point M MR HIBRUUO AYI
AkM PRAKCtf
out weaknesses* in our methods; if change* are
never made to plug the gaps, uo purpose is T1W X m <vrai xi w w
really served. Th0 Local SET a •muuso Kuffwran wwx at tT4f m X ADVin MirrAL
IMS 0® TOW WITS
Actually, two separate but closely intertwined >i(0f «UlF
SETs are being held. The first of these Is the M CKUWM
LOJ AhdKlJM cr
tot of our emergency preparedneo* mi a com- TINR1
muwty-to-community basis. Participation in t.hw siwr
Ml mrt t ma(al

part of the beat is mainly by ALtEC and RAGES • I r i « <• n w > r m m » h H m

• •**-'-• i
iP- • • « rfai
•.:•• s i < .
:ti
' h i s nm
J U H
W a i h •> I V "li P l a l i a i » i | > »• I
* n i a
u
j i m i « M n i • •> i -
u . a.r.
•<,• - m 1*1 < « l
a
»ii<
j P •• I . ^ - p • v m
. h • • k . < i a d t M i v h i<r

w
jiip .
-»«| v
iki ii m i a r>Ma x
p

groups, under the direction of their leaders, the [ 1 ^ 1 , y i | - i Jl H to. • l.^lll n ^ b ^ ^ W i ^ i ' If V h k l«><l • • '
M i t l ^ j j h ^ • •
'"4 .• I M |>ail
K i ' i m j "V 1 W i l t J . -
tllil
<

Emergency Coordinator and the ttadio Officer,
respectively.
These are the people to contact if you'd like
to take part in the S13T but have never done so
before. Names of Emergency (coordinators can
be obtained from the Section Emergency Co-
ordinator of your section, whose address is
listed on the facing page, or directly from AltRL
Headquarters. When inquiring the identity of
the JSC for your area, please include* in addition
to your regular address, the name of the county
in winch you reside.
If there in no EC, the name of the RO can
usually be obtained from the civil defense office
serving your locale, if there is neither, you do
have a problem — but take heart, all is not lost
Contact the SEC and ask him for an EC appli-
cation form. It'll probably be too late for 1970,
but you should be able to get your ALtEC group
organized by 71I
Anyway, the EC and/or liO (in many cases
they are the game person), if he plans on holding
an exercise, will dream up some kind of a simu-
lated emergency operation (last year the simu-
lated emfij-gencies ranged from fires, floods and
storms to the crash of a ruckeUship) in which his
group furnishes the communications for served
a b i d e s such as Red Crass, Fire Department,
Sheriff's Office, etc. Depending upon the situa-
Here ft the proper form for SET messages. Note addition
of the word "TEST" In the precedence, and TEST MESSAGE
in the text. Routine messages need not carry the 'TEST'
in the precedence.
The National SET
The second part of BET is to test our lon^haul
traffic facilities. Hopefully, each EC and RO
tviLl make provisions for having his area reprfr*
denied in the section nets of the National Traffic
System sn that medium and long distance traffic
coming to and from his locale can be handled
efficiently.
NTS will begin functioning at 2 local
time, Saturday, January for an eight hour
period in which six complete cycles of NTS
meetings will occur. The sainu procedure will
be followed on Sunday, January 25. Although
several alternate schedules were suggested, all
were rejected for one or more reasons. Thus,
for this test at least, we'll stick with the old one
that has served fairly well in the last few years.
It is hoped that all local tests will be held during
the periods iu which NTS is in emergency op-
eration* although for scoring purposes, tests
held anytime during the months of January and
February will be counted.
(CoTitinwd oft pap* $t)

January 1970 6 5
 Section Emergency Coordinator* of the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps
The Section Emergeney Coordinator is appelated by the SOM to fcaJre t?6»rge vt tbe prumotian of the Amateur Kad
Kmergenuy Corps organization throughout the dectiou. He acts M thsfcfcJAt's executive in the furthering or provisions f
emergeney amateur radio oominunicationH in every community likely to suffer In ewe of a communications emergency- Oi
of the duties of the S E C is bo recommend the appointment oi Erasrventy Uourdinatori for the various communities in h
^ectioa, Doea your locality h a w ma iiO? I f not, mwnownd thp astfle vf a likely prospect to (he B K C T h e tfKC invit
your questions concerning the status of the A R E C in your tfsction,
ATLANTIC DIVISION,
Delaware WtfUKX Roger tJoin B46 K. Roowv*lt Aw, New Ca*«o 10730
kAHtm PonuayiVBiila Harford r , JM>, fill. Cbecry i a . Penni Park IKH43
Maryland-D.a W3LDD Walter i . V r KD BOS 103 FlsTra Ue Grace, Md. 3107
Houtheru Now Jersey WLVff James Peck klO Indian Trail Ave. Ueptford (isova
Western New Virile wmup Clara Reser 4*5 Best at, Buffalo 14208
Western Pennsylvania W3KPJ Beacy T, riebneider lAf* Water St. Weeleyvllle 1*610
. G W T R A L DIVISION
Jfffnofs WvHVU Harry X tiMufiv 70fi HiifcrcfltttcL Milan
Indiana WftBUQ WLUIwn U. Johnson W K RlUekle Ave. Indianapolis 46318
Wlsconain KINur gbermau U Cart Tfirt W. Washington Ave. Hartfop! 63027
DAKOTA DIVISION.
Minnesota WAtMftW llariey Hicks USUI Harrison Rd. feloomlngton 5A431
North DwtoU iVA|AYb Uavla J& M Apt. 7, Ulff-JUb Ave* & Oraud >v«rir« 40301
Hooth Dakota WAOFUZ f!Uude Kaplan RKI> I •Mot tiprings 57747
DELTA DIVISION
Arkansas W6PBZ Joe BarteM P.O. Box 413 Rngec* 73766
LmHriaiu W60K Jfnbn b. kntartwin ttiOtt Halaey Ave, New Orleans 7(1 I U
Mississippi WA6JWD Ueoe MeGahcy 404 Kisniuzicl Drive Inrtlanola&WM
Tennessee W4WJH Mile Ja^uieh MD Old Fort Bt« Pullahoma 3738$
GREAT LAKES DIVISION
Kentucky W4VYS WlUlam u Willis A303 Apex Dr. TrfiulsvUle 4USK19
Mlehlgan W*MPT> Stanley J . Brtfigs 1*85 Pmetree Kd. 'Lrenton 4818^1
rjhlO WUf>UU Jmdes W. Benson 2463 Kimptpstn Dr. (,1nclnnaU 42031
PHUDSON DIVISION.
K s a t m New Vork W3KW? William li. rttabl mt\ry Ave. MSbklU 12A34
N,Y.O. * l«oug Island ISLUOVN jottn B. Urandau IS69 Ksat 4Gtti BroeiOynilW4
Northern New Jersey K aK p q Jwlk Dj Wlik KO. Boi 1175 Psnalo 07005
MIDWBST DIVISION
iotrs H#LVB u n w i ; . JUiUer R.K. 4 Mamfaalitovra dot&H
KibMB Nnrmuu stneuoum 140V wniow Rd. piMwton «71H
Missouri ViWUL Charles O. Gooch 711 South uaUand Webb City b4*70
Nebmaks KiODi 1 U u u BKyeau tOO UenkKAS I3r. Madron WM7
NKW ENGLAND DIVISION,
Connection* WIHHtt Jobn C. HulJlvan Whitney ltd. Columbia Mitf?
Ewium Massaobuastis WlAOU DfmaLd F1. CiupUU 17 Park St. k't, Med tor d A9t«A
Maine K1CUW Allen H, blcbtfk 42 Maple Bt. Prrafme isle O4760
Neir ifaznpeblrs KIR8G juttn H Johnson fto, lie Hye^UtW _
Hbode Island KILCI Chester K Tammany fill a m i Ave. Pawtuofcet
Vnrmont wivba Harty A, Ptvrtton, Jr, AFT) L Lliarlotte 0M4A
Wflstera Mssreeboeetts WiBVR Percy Cf Noble P.O. Box o LaiMhoro dlttff
NORTHWESTERN DIVISION
Alaska KL7KNX WlUiaro O, Urowl Hr>* 4407 Ar>nh<irHi|i: OQAOft
Idaho W72NN Uonald A. CHsp 340K-«tb Ht, F. Ijewlstcm itiUOt
Mmxtana W7RSSV Elarry RnyJaiwe Box lUt Mnrinirton Mioad
r.mipn WtHUK fhntfit J , AtbHgbt 107B orchard Home Dr, Medford S76U1
WMhingtca WWWT Raymond tt. MeOMBland Hfiytan tit. Hrmertos w^lC
TAGIVIG DIVISION.
l^cuat Hay WBODlilf Paul J . Parker Whytfi Parle Aire. Walnut t . ' r ^ t 945&A
Hawaii KH6C4HW J T E^atrlok ctornaan qp-*MA4-b Alea Hta. urive Alea «670l
Nevada WA7BEU L. u "Mike" KC3n Aril) cherry Ht, Houlder Cll?
flhersmeoto Valley WftKVA John F, MjnAe tli A23H Hlo BonJto Dr.
Han Fraaoiim W6WLV Hal LtttleQetd 1Hli» Hearn Ave. Santa H o n $M*n
Ran ioaquin Valley WWPir Ralph w o y a n 9204 E. Tuwneend Ave. Vcwio 99702
danta Liura Volley WftYZE LhiuUM b. Gltdden 1037 Capuchins Ava. Burlbigame.MOlO
ROANOl DIVISION.
North Carolina W4JsiVN Efimeltti u , Hanor Box 036 T«umberton shsau
Bouth Carolina W4PKD ubarJea N. Wrlffht 711 Mertlwethi* Drive »ortb AtKBipta U9H41
Vlrmlnla WA4PBG Mnntte V. Cone »17 Van Buten tit^ Italia < Church iSm
West Virginia WBBV Bobert If. Johnson Rt. 7, Box 626 B. Oharleaton 26303
R O C K Y MOUNTAIN DIVISION.
riiiorado WAtfHIiQ (1yds O. Penney 1626 l/iwjittat. Dpnver m 5 f T
New Aleadeo W«»NV Harry ^leOamo, Jr. i^w Alamm 97544-
Utah W7WKP MnCrarrott Petersen 16 Vcirktoim Orlve Halt Lake c i t y 84117
WyomlQs K7NQX Ulcn U. Blackburn P . a BOS 164, i7Hft n 32nd Cheyenne M M l
SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION
K4KJD Rill R. Cruns Ront*3 Athens ^5611
f 'anal Zone KS&5JU John & Uatanaaro Box 4*7 islboa
Rail
Eimtcrn Worlds W41YT Andrew d. Clark 41 Lenape Thrive lt£iaml Sprlnn S3166
Oeonila WA4WIJI/ Jack UarriBon IBM Blueberry Dr. Augusta 5&MW
WiMt iiuises (P-R-V.L) KWO Joerf Medina-HernAndei Box 1440 M a m u e i . P.O. 1)4709
W « t o n Florida W4ULB a D. MeKeehnle I0U0N. BlXth tftt UhTpley
.SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION.
Arlsona K7QP7/ Mlmer Olson 5733 N, 4tst Place Phoenix Jftuui
WAflKZX Harvey I>. f>. Hetland ( M a r Ht, Albambni 9lHOi
Orange Hillytiall 830 K, Bt. Atidmrs HontA Ana e»707
HanDloqro WA6KUN Duane Waitem lotWi lcrenv Street
Hanta B&rbara KdGV Fmdftrtd L. Pattenon P.O. BOX 116
WEST G U L r DIVISION.
Nortfmrn Texas W5LR L, fc). Harrlmn 1^14 Holly uien lirlve nallas 7IEIU3
Oklahoma WA&fRN [jvi>uard Kollar 710 Mo. LOthSU Kingfisher 73750
Boathenj. 'ivsas K5QQU E, Wayne ilfmuh allsBtantonBcrect HouatuxL 77U35
.CANADIAN ntvtctrfcM
Alberta VE6AFR Hugh U. Lapp 301 ^eadla Drive t'nlgary
Krttiph Columbia VE37PB llsntld R. 4652ft Went 13th Ave. Vancouver s
MtSfioh* • VK4TA John J>. frWiovre 369 Glenwotxi Ulnalpeg 5
MarlUitts VKtHJ la!Albert St. Dartmouth. N . ^
VWKWn Ed W. Doyle T«aca«tf Blvd. Tttumseh, W i n w r 3D
VraALti Joseph Urwwnrth UHCialt uorlon
^Suaeheiran VE50U B. Parker jn06-10th St. BMkatnoa

66 QST
 Simulated Emergency Test
(Continued from puy* G&)
The suggested message format shown in the
accompanying cut should be followed. Make
sure TEST UKSHAGK appears at, the beglwiing
of the text of each SET message.. U can easily be
seen wliat a furor could be raised if the message
in the example came through without the TEST
MESSAGE.
Nevertheless, surneune will forget and omit
TEST MESSAGE- In that caw, the wnwi TKST
before the precedence of P and IflMEKUENCY
lest messages will be the tip-off. EMERGENCY
traffic, whether it w TEST or not, should he a
net stopper. If no TEST is indicated, the deliver
ing station should try to establish whether such
a message is authentic before delivery, at the
same time avoiding delay. Each Htation will have
to scrutinize each such message very closely
before accepting it as actual emergency.
Planned or Unplanned?
Many people confuse the terms "unplanned"
and "unannounced/' For reasons that have been
enumerated iu the past, an unannounced SET
just isn't practical. Certainly an unannounced
SET would be the ideal test for amateur radio,
but how tnany amateurs would be willing to give
up personal plans to participate in a test? Jii*t
who would deride when this unannounced test
was to be held? How would word about the
test be disseminated? These are all questions no
one could answer favorably.
So someone came up with the idea of an an-
nounced but unplanned SET. Everybody knows
when SET will be held, but nobody knows what
kind of simulated emergency will be involved
nor who is goiug to do what iu communicating
for the test.
Actually, at the local level, this has been done
for some time. The EC or BO makes an SET
plan but keeps details under his hat so the
grass roots amateur will not know exactly what
to expect.
But in NTS, common practice has been to
schedule week* or months In advance of SET
just who will be doing what NCS or liaison
function at what time. Some net managers have
felt that this is all wrong, since in a real emer-
gency no one will know in advance what he will
be doing. So we suggest to the NTS managers
that they try it either way, at ymir own dis-
cretion* It is understood that the Connecticut
Nutmeg Neb (CN, the Connecticut taction cw
net) and 1RN managers are planning "un-
planned1' StfTs. It should he interesting to
observe how the unplanned nets make out.
So, to recap, let's get the emergency power
sources ready, the mobiles ready to go and
let's make a whale of a showing in 1670. He-
member, "Amateur radio exist* because it quali-
fies as a service." — WA9HHH
M M I f t t M B
Use your Zip code when writing ARRL. Use
ours. too. It's Ofllll«
Gimmicks and Gadgets
{Continued frvm jwtfa $4)
How the antenna is mounted will depend on
individual installations. Ours was to be atop a
wooden mast, so it was fastened to a 2 by 2-inch
piece of seasoned wood about 8 feet long. If
the antenna must be mounted on the aide of a
metal tower, the element* should be a quarter
wavelength ur any odd multiple thereof out
from the tower. The tower will tend to act
like a reflector, 90 the antenna ahould be on the
ride toward the area where maximum signal
strength is desired. The midpoint of the stub
closure, at the junction of the two right^angle
fittings, is the aero rf-voltage point, and it can
be grounded to the tower if desired. The balun
and feedline should preferably come off in this
direction, running horizontally for a quarter
wavelength or multiple thereof, before dropping
down for the vertical run to the station.
The cone standoff insulators are also at zero-
voltage points on the antenna elements. This is
not a critical dimension, but somewhere near1 the
element midpoints is desirable. A good three-
point suspension utilizes the two element centers,
as shown, and the midpoint of the closed stub
end. Star lugs under bolts that are threaded
into the two halves of the stub make connection
points for the 50-ohm baluu and transmission
line.
A convenient way of adjusting the antenna,
if you want to be sure that die antenna is
matched the best that it can be, is to suspend
it in a horizontal position, about 80 inches
above ground. With an SWK bridge in the coaxial
line, preferably at a point an electrical half
wavelength nr multiple thereof down the line
from the antenna, adjust the position of the
short and the points of connection of the balun,
for aero reflected power Once this spot has been
found, solder the permanent short in place, and
drill and tap the holes for the transmission-line
connections, — W1HDQ
^ Strays H
Floyd Fellows, WAKFLE, will send to anyone
interested, a free copy of his song, 11 Cigarettes,9*
a jingle noncemed with the haftards of smoking.
Drop him a at 1674 Cedar Ave., Apt. 209,
Cincinnati, Ohio 45224.
NEtfre FUU/TESURCSfRMi
TRANSMITTER TAMfeC CIRCUITS
 H q p p e n l g j U t t h e M o n t h

Election Results
Gridtey Case Settled
ARRL Seeks Counterpart Calls
ARRL Asks New Privileges for Techs
Special Board Meeting Minutes

ARRL ELECTION RESULTS meeting i n M a y , due to Director Orossley'a

illness a t the time). l i e ' s also vice president o f
T h r e e new d i r e c t o r s a n d five new v i c e d i r e c t o r s
Q C W A ' s Washington C h a p t e r . Firwt licensed
w e r e e b o m i b y A R R L member** in m a i l b a l l o t i n g
as W 3 E P O i n 1934, h e l u i r r e n t l y unes c w ,
during October and November; two incumbent
W T T Y , tfb, a m a n d !m v a r i o u s l y on a l l t h e h a n d s
directors were r e e l e c t e d
From 80 t h r o u g h 2 meters.
Great l a k e s voters picked Incumbent A l b a n
I n the D e l t a Division, where incumbent
A. Michel, W 8 W C / W 8 S M Q , by votes to
1'hilip P - S p e n c e r , W S L D H / T i X X , c h o w n o t t o
1477 f o r J j f o t i & r d M . Natbatesoii, W8DQL, *ud
run, t h e new director is M a x A r n o l d , W 4 W H N ,
7 2 9 f o r Ix>uise R i p p e , W 8 T I D B . A l ' s s e c o n d t e r m ,
of N a s h v i l K T e n n e s s e e , M a x g o t M B v o t e s ;
l i k e t h e u t h e r s t o b e Liste<i herv r b e g i n s o n J a n u a r y
i f 1970 f o r t w o y e a r s . I n t h e M i d w e s t D i v i s i o n ,
liarrv K P h i l l i p s , K 4 R C T , 481; D r . T h o m a s
II. R a y m o n d , V V 5 N J D , 348; a n d D r . M y r l a s B .
S u m n e r . H , F o s t e r , W 0 G Q , was m r l w t e d t o
M a t t h e w s , W f t V A K , l e a . r r h e n e w l i e l t u i<epre-
a t h i r d t e r m , g a r n e r i n g 1508 v o t e s t o 6 5 0 f o r
Heiilat-ive h 5 1 y e a r s o l d , a n d w o r k s as a n
C A V . Wade, W 0 1 N H .
twtimfttor for C l a r e n c e S u t h e r l a n d (Company,
T h e new director f r o m the Atlantic D i v i s i o n
w h i c h (iocs a r c h i t e c t u r a l m i l l w o r k . M a x lias
is H a r r y A . M c C o n a & h y * W 3 E P C , of Betheada,
b e t n v i m d i r e c t o r of t h e d i v i s i o n s i n c e I960
M a r y l a n d . Connie outpollcd eight-term incum-
a n d w a s aJi a f u i v t a n t d i r e c t o r t h e t w o p r c v i o u *
hent (filbert L . Onmley, W 3 V A and four other
y e a r s . H e ' s a trustee, d i r e c t o r , f o u n d e r a n d p a s t
c a n d i d a t e s i n a race that finished l i k e this:
president, o f t h e R a d i o A m a t e u r T r a n s m i t t i n g
M r . McConoffhy 21«B S o c i e t y , a n d a f o u n d e r o f W x p l o r e r P o s t 15, B S A ,
M r Crofmley 1U34 specialising i n radio, which he serves m advisor
Lfeor** W . H i p p M n y , K2K1R 846 (i.e., a d u l t l e a d e r ) . A m e m b e r o f t h e A r l O p e r a t o r
Henry A . Blodgett, W l i U T H / F R L C l u b , . M a x had b e e n l i c e n s e d *since 1D52,
J o h n K Wojtkiewicft, W 3 C J J Y
191! 11. D a l e S t r i c t e r , W 4 D Q S , i s tin* c h o i c e o f
P a u l D. M e r c a d o , W 3 F B V
Itautheastern D i v i s i o n members, who gave h i m
C o n n i e , w h o is 59, l i a s retired as a regfatercd 1359 v o t e s t o V i a f o r A l b e r t L . H a m e i , K 4 S J M ,
e n g j n o e r (electrical, m e c h a n i c a l , a n d e f e c t r o n i n ) a n d 3 6 8 f o r ttzchmi M . J o n e s , V V 4 3 T M . D a l e
and n o w owns a n d operates the II. R „ R u d o l f l i v e s i n C o c o a B e a c h , F l o r i d a , is 4 2 y e a r s o l d , a n d
C o m p a n y , p r o v i d i n g marine engineering services. t o i l s a t C a p e K e n n e d y w h e r e he i s s u p e r v i s o r of
A L i f e M e m b e r u f A l i R L , h e ' s j u s t .finishing a O.K.'* Knjpnoering E q u i p m e n t and Operations
t e r m as v i c e d i r e c t o r f r o m the A t l a n t i c D i v i s i o n Group, furnishing X-b&nd radio guidance t o
( w h i c h h e r e p r e s e n t e d a t t h e 1969 A n n u a l B o a r d A t l a * m i s s i l e s . A C h a r t e r L i f e M e m b e r of A R R L
w h o w a s f i r s t l i c e n s e d as W 8 D J N i n 1947, D a l e i s
a p a s t p r e s i d e n t of t h e M S U R a d i o C l u b ;
past director, C e n t r a l M i c h i g a n A m a t e u r R a d i o
C l u b ; p a s t p r e s i d e n t a n d past- v i c e p r e s i d e n t o f
t h e F l o r i d a JL)X C l u b . H e ' s i n A K B C , R A C E S ,
a n d the A - l O p e r a t o r IJlub. H e ' s listed i n the
D X C C H o n o r R o l l a t 3 1 8 / 3 2 7 , a n d has e a r n e d
Uie Brass Pounders l e a g u e medallion.

Governor Scoff of North Carolina inaugurates amateur

radio week by rsod&tg a message on 3 9 2 0 kHz over
W 4 0 K R / 4 set up in the Capitol, and than chatted with
several hams who coiled in* poor propagation kilted a
sked with W l A W . Watching the governor are (left to
right) Calvin Demptey, W A 4 U Q G , SCM* Harry Thompson,
WB4HHI f d Aidmman, WA4PEN, president, Rale
ARS; John Fried, W 4 W W D ; Bill Hudson W A 4 K V R ; Bill
McDowell, K4GIA; Stuart Meyer, W2GHK* and Dick
Thompson W 4 U Z . flora Ahxandw, WA40TA to
picivr»)

68 QSTiox
 In vice director elections, Atlantic members
picked Jesse Bieberman, W3KT, uf Malvern,
Pennsylvania, for the post he held in 198H and
3967. The tallies:
Mr, Biebermati 2«W
Harold 0 . Smith, WA2KND 1311
George S, Van Dyke, Jr., WttHK 1U28
Allen H. Breiner, W3ZK« 883
Jesso was an assistant director from the Atlantic
Division, 1963-L9G5 and 1968-1969; in a past
president, pant vice president and past secretary
of the Frankford Itadio Club; and has been
serving 3rd call area amateurs as A K R b CJ8L
Bureau manager since 194.7. His call is on tho
D X O C lionor Roll (319/845) and in tho A-l
Operators Club roster. A retired school Richer,
Jesse started luimming in 1920,
Larry J. Shlma, W0PAN, of Bloominntoii,
Minnesota, outscored incumbent John M. Mam,
W0MJBD, 602 to 332 vote* to become vice
director in the Dakota Division. Larry is 31
years old and is an accountant/systems analyst
for Honeywell, Inc. Larry has been serving this
year as an assistant director and is 8CM of
Minnesota for 1969-1971. He's a past secretary-
treasurer* Northern Iowa Amateur Radio Club,
past Phone Activities Manager for Hawaii, and
holds DXOC under two calls- lie's an Olti and Phil Wicker, W4AGY r vice director from the ARRL Roanoke
Division, received the 1969 Roanoke Division ARRL
a member of AltKC, KACKB and thn A-l
Service Award at the division convention in Huntington,
Operator CJlub. He enjoys D X chasing, traffic Wert Virginia. (Photo thank* to Char/e* Wright, W4PED)
work and contest, and holds tlie rank of Lt.
Commander in the active Navy Kesorve.
In tixe Delta Division, Franklin Gasfien, The incumbent Southeastern Division director,
W4WBK, has returneti to tfie vice dinrtoreliip he Charles J. BolvLn, K4KQ, was not a candidate
held in lUfM-lQRB. Ho took 884 votea to 64H for reduction, but did consent to run for vice
for John H. Banders, WB4ANZ. Frank, who is director and was successful—-there were 1464
65, livftH in Memphis and works as a design engi- votes for him aud 1179 for Larry K. Price,
neer for Harland Bartholomew & Associates, VV4DQD. Chuck needs no introduction here,
un Interstate highway lights, signs and the like, having been vine director in 1964-1965 and
11B handled a short trick as anting riOM for director since then.
Tennessee in 1967 and formerly served as RACES Directors Noel B, Eaton, VK3CJ of Canada:
radio officer. He* vice president, pat*b secretary, Charles G. Oompton, W0BUO of Dakota; and
past treasurer and past director of the Mid- J. A- Doc Gim-Un, WOZRJ of Pacific vice
South Amateur Radio Abwwiation, holds ap- ilirmtorH A. Georgp Spencer, VK2MS, of Canada,
pointment as i)li& and OO, and ts a m e m b e r of Etalph V. Anderson, K0NL and Hugh Cassidy,
A REG. A Charter Lite Member of AitKL, he WA6AUD of Pacific were earlier declared elected
was first licensed in 1919. as the only nominees fur their respective offices.
A four-cornered rare in the tireat I<ako» Divi-
MARITIME MOBILE ON 7 M H Z .
sion resulted in r.he f i c t i o n of Gurrln L. Skutt,
W8FSZ/K8EPT, as vice director by this tally: The Federal Communications Commission has
issued a report and order in Docket 18506 which
Mr, Skiitt 1255
will allow stations on shipboard or aircraft in
James L, Russell, WSBU JU4*
Henry F- Zimmerman, K4FU 09& international waters to u«e 7.0-7.1 MHz when
Walter 8. Giblwueyer, WA8PAH 473 in tfcgions 1 and 3, effective December 31, 1969.
Prior tu that date, the band could only be used
A 52-year-old resident of Lansing, Michigan, while in iieglon 2% the Western Hemisphere,
Currm is a machinist for its Board of Water and At the same timu, FCC denied maritime and
Light. He's past president, past vine president, aeronautical mobile u*e of Mllz, In ite
past treasurer and p u t director of the Central order, it said in part:
Michigan Amateur Radio Club. Inc., and former
editor of its paper, The Scope. Hie was chairman By international agreement, in all regicus, the 3.5-
Mils handteallocatedfor shared use by Amateur,
of the ARRL lUtiS Michigan titate Cuuveution fixed and Mobile 8ervi<-eH. AH bitted in the Notice*
and holds OPS appointment. He is an active the M i r a t i o n b y amateur* aboard nhips uf the
member of RACES* supplying the link between United Btatch 4*ould Bupiilicantly increase the pospi-
2 meter fm and 75 meter ssb net*, and has been bility of causing harmful interference to certain
licensed since L950. stations using this frequency band in accordance

January 1970 69
frith tbft Geneva Hadio Kegulations and prior
notification to the International Frequency Regta-
tration board. Mr. Anliei-maxi's [Dirk* WA4K1J,
who originally requested the rulemaking) reawti*
ui support of this allocation are out persuasive.
They fail to take into HA*ocu»t the unpredictability
uf amateur station location and yrvpatt&tiou in
Keojtraphicai areas nut under the jurisdiction of the
United tftate* and the likelihood of these atuaUtiir
stations cauaina harmful interference to fiimign radio
stations in other radio ^i-vices which are now suo-
cesufuUy bharing the une of the frequencies in thm
amateur band. The flame rt?ason* militate ivK^JUbt
any trial period for the uge of the&e frequencies in
Region 2-
fleotion 97.95 <b) (2) ban been amended to
read:
"(2) When outside the jurisdiction of a foreign
government, operation may be conducted within
Itcgion 2 on any amateur frequency band be-
twem 7.0 Mc/b and 148 Mc/s, inclusive; and
when not within Kegion 2, operation may l>n
conducted only in the amateur bands 7.0-7,1
Mc/n, 14,00-14,35 Mc/h, 21.00-21.46 Mc/s and
28,00-29.7 Mc/h." The regulation continues
with a note outlining the uxact boundaries of
Region 2: those interested may find the text in
any rocent edition of the JAc*n& Manual*
G RIDLEY CASE SETTLED
Ansel Gridley, W4GJO, is "off tire hook" on
that TVI suit in which Lee H. Eggers, a former
ne-ighbor, sued "Grid" for a million dollars for
'VIectronfc invasion of privacy"— without pay-
ing a nickel in damage*. At the same Lime, Grid
will drop his cuuntersuit for harasnment against
>Jggers. The courts aeoopLud an Eigrwmcnt be-
tween the two parties and dismissed both cAt?ws
"with prejudice" — the same matters van-
not again bo brought into court. From the outset
of the cane, W4G.TCV& attorney was in frequent
contact with the League'* General Counsel and
waged a strong and t'ffaetivp defense. The sue-
ceswful outcome of this case will be most gratify-
ing to the many hams who provided support and
assistance, individually and through their clubs.
2970 EXAMINATION SCHEDULE
The examination schedule for tfCC offices and
field points tor the first half of 1970 ia essentially
the name as the Hfhedule *hown on pii^e Wj
October Q8T. These rhangoa have been made:
prhe Baltimore uffico id now in the now
Hopkins Plaza downtown, Koom 819 of the
Federal Building, code 2I20L
The Atlanta office has inovt>d wrosn Chr.
street, Room 1602 Gas Light Towor, 235 Peach*,
tree.
A new quarterly exami/wlton {mint fww been
established at Albany, N. for March, Juno,
September stud I>cceflibor, roplacing HchenOG-
tndy, under the jurisdiction of the FCC Engineer
in Charge at Now Vorfc Mty.
The »?riniannual exams at Fairbanks, Alaska,
will be in April and October, instead of May and
November; register in advance with the Kngmei-r
In Charge at Anchorage.
ANTENNA RULES EASED
The Commission has (-hanged the amateur
rules concerning antenna heights ho as to conform
to rt'visud Part 17 of its own rales and to regula-
tions of the Federal Aviation Agency, on whose
U<ha[f the requirement* were originally adopted
some 18 years ago.
The principal benefits to amateurs will come,
not only from a doubling or' antenna heights
tu& against distance from a runway, but even
more Important, from recognition of the 'Shield-
ing11 concept which the Limi&uc unsuccessfully
advanced nearly two decades ago—that ama-
teurs live primarily hi built-up areas where them
are many trees and buildings taller than ihe avrr-
agft tiam antenna structure, and thus the nma-
teur skywire <*ouldnft pose a new threat to
aviation.
£ »7. 2(h) Antenna xbrudwt*. The term antenna
structures includes the radiating ayntem, its sup-
porting structures and any appurtenances mounted
thereon.
2. Section 07.45 is revised to read as follows:
& U7,45 Limitations on antenna structures.
i » Kxcppt as provided in paragraph (b'j of this
section, an antenna for a htation in the Amateur

WHO THE DEVIL IS WHO?

HOth in a Serb* of Call Canivr*ion Chart*
Here are additional calls of amateurs taking advantage of new rules which allow Extra Glass
licensees licensed 25 years ago or ionger to acquire two-fetter calls, if you should be listed
here, let us know by {mat card right away*
Nm Wa* No* Wiu (fat Wan
tttLP WtJYV W3\0 VV3DMK W70F WTONM ttuHfi WOMEN
WIMU WlJYiT, W^VU wsjtrr ^TPT W7HPB WsHj W9WH
WlOJtf W1MHU W4LK \VA4HWq W7QE K7GZO WHHtf WflUfP
KL>AJ> W5IJYY K4TJQ XC4VQX E»VCW WHJD ttfltUBT
KiBM W2BHY K4TiW W4YLD VVSJK WSIJBD WWW WttMO
KWQ ft'A2TOX K4MH W4PDV w«u WfiWMD ttwKL WMXV
KdHV WSKHK X4M1 wmcm mD 1VJKW VfJ
' ftKU 1TSGBA
KBCA W8ARR WKPW W5CJtir Wflfik WBNSJ iVWrf1 WBOWW
WIFS W2T0T WftRR W&KAE WSKf WflJTM WaW
\V:ilJK W3FDO KfiNn WAR[WU WflFO OTLR WflOXN
W«0V WUMK KfiPM K^VBF M'gdB WSKKH WiLV WAMiV
wawz W»KMP KftQH vwru WBtlP WA9YNP W0LY ffflfW 0
W3VL IYSK0I YfTUS ffr^TT ttflNICT

70 QST for
 Radio Service which exceed** the following height
limitations may not be erected or used unless notice
has been tiled with both the FAA on FAA form
74WM and with the Commission on Form 714 or
on the Ijcejtse application form, and prior approval
by the Commission haa been obtained for:
(1) Any construction or alteration of more than
2U0 feet in height above ground level at its site
1117.7(a) of this chapter].
(2) Any cungtruutioiL or alteration of greater
height than an imaginary surfare extending outward
and upward at one of the following slopes [f 17,7(b)
of this chapter];
(L) 100 to 1 for a horizontal distance of
20,000 feet from the nearest point of the nearest
runway of each airport with at least one runway
more than 3,21)0 feet in length, excluding heliports
and seaplane haBes without specified boundaries
if that airport is either listed in the Airport Directory
of the current Airman's Information Manual or in
operated by a Federal military agency.
fii) 60 to 1 for a horizontal distance of 10,000
feet from the ueareet point of the nearest runway of
each afrport with it* longest runway no more than
3,200 feet in length, excluding heliport* and war
plane bases without specified boundaries, if that
airport is either listed in the Airport Directory or is
operated by a Federal military agency.
ail) 25 to 1 for a horizontal distance of fi,000
feet from the nearest point of the nearest landing and
take-off area of each heliport listed in the Airport
Directory or operated by a Federal military agency.
ARAL SEEKS COUNTERPART CALLS
At one time, FCC followed the informal
practice of issuing "counterpart" ualls to ama-
teurs who ohaugod call areas. For instance, if
W4XVZ moved to California, and W6XYZ was
vacant, it would automatically be issued to him
when he filed an application for modification of
license. At the November 1 special meeting of the
ARRL Board, the directors decided the League
should ask FCC to reestablish the practice.
The text of the request to bVC follows:
Bvfoc* fh#
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
Washington, D. CL 3 0 5 3 4
In the Matter of
Amendment of Section 97.51 RM-
of the Rules Relating to As-
signment of Call Signs to
Amateur Stations
PETirTOS FOR RULB MAKING
The American Radio Relay lieague. Incorporated,
by its General Counsel, respectfully request* that
Section 97.61(a) uf the Commission's Kules and
Regulations be amended to add the following as
subsection (3):
(3) A specific uruusigned nail sign may be assigned
to the previous holder of a call sign having the
same two or three letter suffix in another rail sign
area, This provision shall not be available to previ-
ous holders of two letter call signs in call sign
areas in Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and other
Joxwpry 1970
(3) Any construction or alteration on an air-
port listed in the Airport Directory of the Airman's
Information Manual [| I7,7(ci|.
(b) A notification to the Federal Aviation Admin-
istration is not required for any of the following
construction or alteration:
(1) Any object that would be sliieUled by exist-
ing structures of a permanent and substantial
character or by natural terrain or topographic
features u f equal or greater height, and would be
located in the congested area of a city, town, or
settlement where it is evident beyond all reasonable
doubt that the structure so shielded will not ad-
versely affect safety in air navigation. Applicants
claiming such exemption shall submit a ntatement
with their application to the Commisbion explaining
the basis in detail for their finding [S 17.14(a) of
this chapter].
(2) Any antenna structure of 20 feet or 1ess in
height except one that would inrreaise the height of
amtthei1 antenna structure [% 17.14(b) of this chap-
ter}.
(rj Further details as to whether an aeronautical
study and/or obstruction marking and lighting
may be required, and sittrifcatinn* for obstruction
marking and lighting when required, may be ob-
tained from Part 17 of this chapter, "Construction,
Marking, and Lighting of Antenna Structures/1
Information regarding the inspection and mainte-
nance of antenna structures requiring obstruction
marking and lighting is also contained in Part 17
of this chapter.
areas outside the continental limits of the United
States.
Adoption of the requested subsection will require
renumbering of subsections (3), (4) aud (6) to (4),
(5) and (6), respectively.
In support whereof, the following is submitted:
For many years, the Commission followed the
prnrtice of aligning upon request to an amateur
moving from one <.?a11 sign area to another an un-
aligned call sign having the same two or three
letter suffix as previously held. For e&ample,
W7X1'Z moving to the third call sign area could
be assigned, upon proper request, either W3XYZ
or K3XYZ, However, the holder of a two letter
suffix in Alauka, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Virgin
Islands and other areas outoide the funtineutal
limits of the United States was not automatically
eligible for a call sign having a two letter suffix
when moving to one uf the ten nail sign areas of
the continental United States. This informal prac-
tice was abandoned in 11)58. The present language
of Section 97,61 (a) was adopted by the Commission
in its Report and Order in Docket No. 15U28. U
FCC 2d 814,11 RR 2d 1A63.
The movement of residents of the United States
from one uertion of the vountry to another is so
well known as to require little comment, A most
substantial percentage change residence not once
but a number of time* during their life-time.
Amateur radio operators are no exception, in fact,
iiecause of their interest and experience in elec-
tronics, their services are in demand by industry
and the military and their movements are probably
more frequent than the average resident.
The Commission is well aware of the practice of
amateurs to identify themselves in uff-the-air as
well as on-the-air communications by the suffix of
their call signs. For example, W7XYZ is called
„ 71
" X Y Z " m long as he holds that call sign. However* operation by Technician Class licensees in the
if another suffix is issued when lie moves to another frequency bands 29.5 to 29.7, 144.0 to 146.U, and
call sUoi are*, be lo*es that identity. Others became 147.0 to 14V,i) MHz iu addition to the bands now
attached to articular words and phrases when authorised;
giving their call signs phonetically, This practice
tends to <-outinue and increase interest in amateur (c) TechnMun Clot*, All authorised amateur privw
operations and activities. leges ou the frequencies 29.5-29.7 Mils, 60,1-54.0
Mils, and in the amateur frequency bauds above
The use of a miiriputer for atoraga of call sign 144 MHs,
information makes the chock of availability as well
as the alignment of a Kfiftcific call sign both easy It is further requested that Section 97.9(f) be
amended by deletion uf the last «eutence, which
and rapid. In fact, even considering all direct and
reads: "The Novice Ola** license may not be won*
indirect expense*, the cost is substantially lew than currently held with any other class of amateur
the KtU,Ul> Jiiing J « imposed by flection 1.1115fa> radio license/' Section 97.9(f) tfaeu would read as
uf the Commission 's Rules. In addition, the number f i allows;
of nuch requests on a daily, weekly or monthly
basis will be hc> hiuall as to not require the addition <f> AWtr Cfosr. Any ritiKftn or national of the
or the realignment ol the duties uf a single employee United State*, except a person who holds, or has
of the Commission. held within the rj-morith period prior to the date
In conclusion, it is respectfully submitter! thai of receipt of his application, a Commission-issued
the benefits which will flow from adoption of this amateur radio license.
proposal will be "f substantial benefit to the Ama- In support whereof, the following is respectfully
teur Radio Service, the Commission, and the submitted,
Government.
WHEREFORE, the premises considered, the
Rack&rmrui
Oi>mioiisHion is respectfully requested tn ia&ue an
appropriate notice uf proposed rule making looking The Technician Class operator license was pro*
toward rn udi fication of Section 07.51 (a) uf i ts puc«ttl by the Commission in a Notice of Proposed
Rules as suggested herein. Rule Making of April 21,194U, and was established
by the Report and Order of the Communion in
THE AMERICAN RADIO RELAY UfiACJUB, Docket No. 929G, adopted January 29, 1951. In its
INCO RPOHATED Report and Order the Commission said, in pertinent
BOB BET M. BOOTH. JK. part:
November 20, 1969 Its fJr.n***ti Cminxd
"The UvluUcian class is designed for the experi-
menter or technician and the holder nf the license
ARRL ASKS NEW PRIVILEGES FOR
is permitted to operate only ou the higher fre-
TECHS ijuenriy bauds. Accordingly, it is believed that
Pursuant to docisions at the regular mid Hpwud person* desiring this claw uf license would primarily
meetings of the ARRL Board, General Counsel be thaw who are truly interested in the radio art
arid who, because of the nature of their interest,
Booth h;m tiled a petition tor rulemaking which
are likely to be in fact qualified for the technician
would open the wiiole two meter band and 200 f'Jass uf licence whether examination for such,
kHz of the ten meter band to Technician Class license was conducted by au employee of the Com-
liccnsctw, Ami restore* the dual holding of Novice mission or a volunteer examiner/4
Mid Technician which wat» possible prior to Operation in all amateur bands above 2;30 Mils
January 24, 1969, bond was authorised. The Technician Class ex-
The Board fait that in the 18 years sluce Hjiiiuation, which could be given by mail, included
creation of the Technician Class to accommodate a beginners code test of five words per minute tfhe
t\vperimenters, licensees of that Class had same as for the Novice Class) and "general amateur
practice and regulations involving radio operation
evolved into communicators — like the- rest of and apparatus and provisions of treaties, statutes,
the fraternity — and therefore a look at and mien affecting amateur stations and one tutors"
the privileges accorded to Technicians was iu (the same a» for the General ami Conditional
order, [n support of this point, the AKiiL filing Clashes].
mentions tho important communications work Over the years a number of modifications uf the
by amateurs of thin diss in the Alaskan earth- privileges of the Technician Class have been pro-
quake ivnd Hurricanc Camolle disasters, Here is posed, tiome have been adopted and others rejected.
the full text-; In a Report and Order jn Docket No. 11157,
adopted March 9* Itfflfi, the Commission amended
BiEon the its mles to permit Technician Class operation in
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION the entire 50 Mils band.
Washington. D. C, 20554
The 145.U-J 47.0 MIlx sub-band was made avail-
able to Technicians by a Report and Order in
In the Matter of Docket. No. 13798, adopted July 16,11)59, in which
it was noted that the advantages included partici- -
Amendment of Hectlon 97.7(c) of > RM- pation in civil defense and emergency communica-
the Commission's Rules relating tions.
to frequencies available to the The wisdom of the Commission in opening up
Technician CIah* licensees the 145<0~147.U MHs sub-hand Technicians has
been most strikingly illustrated in recent years by
PETITION FOR RULE MAKING the growth of KM operations in the band, often
The American Radio Relay League* Incorporated, using surplus commercial equipment removed from
by its General Counsel* respectfully requests that Bctrvice in the 152.0-174.0 Mils mobile bond, and
Section 97,7 (c) uf the Commission's Rule* and by the development of "mpe&tec" operations tn
Regulations be amended as follows no as to permit many sections uf the United titates.

72 QSTfor
 Proposals to expand privileges of the Technician
Class to permit operation in the u*.<i-29.7 Mils
amateur band (RM-U73 and KM-319) were denied
by a Memorandum Opinion and Order of the
Commission adopted July 3, 1962, The Commission
said:
"The Technician Claw of amateur operator license
was established in Docket No. WfUSi adopted
January 20, 1051. This class was established ex-
pressly for serious minded e x p e r i m e n t e r s who needed
spectrum apace in which to air-tewt their equipment.
It was not established as a communicators service
and should not be regarded as a stepping stone
between the Novice and General operator classes.
The Commission's policy has nob changed in this
regard although there appears to have been con-
siderable niisunderutandiug of the role of the
Technician Class in the past. The Technician Class
of amateur license still ha* a* its purpose the
provision for serious amateur experimenters to
explore the higher frequencies and otherwise con-
tribute to the art. Further, the 28.(1-29,7 Me/s
band is of limited use for communications because
of the sun spot cycle. While it is, of course, possible
that meritorious experimentation could he con-
ducted in this hand, the resulting additional con-
gestion would cause undue detriment tu those
amateurs now endeavoring to communicate on
these frequencies.
The Report and Order in the lengthy incentive
licennrng proceeding, Docket No, 15928, adopted
August 24, noted the receipt of proposals for
"reduction of frequency operating privileges for
the Technician Class licensee 1
' (RM-389) and for
11
extension of Technician Class privileges to the
entire 144-148 Mc/s frequency band" (RM-4641.
The Commission denied the%% latter proposal with
the explanation that it was inconsistent with the
reduction
11
of the Technician Class privilHge& adopted
herein. Effective November 22, llHfyt, Technicians
were precluded from operation in the 5D.0-6O.1
Mils sub-band. A withdrawal of the sub-band
SU-60.25 MHx, effective November S3, Jwffl, was
cancelled by an Order adopted September 24, 1060,
In a rule making proceeding involving the Novice
Class, Docket No. 18266, the Commission, by a
Report and Order adopted December 12, 19fi8»
amendedfcJection07.9(f) to discontinue the practice
of concurrent holding of the Novice and Technician
Class licenses with the following explanation:
"There was objection to this limitation in a few
of the comments, including the oue submitted by
the American Radio Relay League, Inc. (ARltL),
based upon the contention that the Technician
Class licenses would be denied the opportunity to
obtain code speed practice for advancement to
higher class licenses. However, it does not appear
that such advancement Is dependent upon the
holding of a Novice Class license. Technician
Class licensee* are able to utilise some of their
assigned frequencies for on-the^air code speed prac-
tice. Alternatively, use can be made of code tai**,
records* A RRL conducted code practice trans-
missions, and commercial station transmissions.
The Commission finds, therefore, that eliminating
concurrent availability of these two license classes
is appropriate/'
With this background of the Technician Class,
we turn now to the instant proposal.
Expansion to 144.0-148.0 MHz
The 144*0-146.0 MHz band is an exclusive ama-
teur band world-wide and the 14A.0~148.0 Mils
January 1970
At the special Board Meeting: Treasurer Houghton,
Communication Manager Hart, W1NJM.
band is available for amateur use throughout
Region II under the 1U59 Regulations of the Inter-
national Telecommunications Union. In recent
^eani« the interest of radio amateur* in space
uommunicatiotis has been evidenced by the four
OBCAK satellites placed in orbit aud by additional
satellites under construction by amateur groups
in a number of countries. The design, construction
and otwration of sj>ace and around equipment falls
squarely within the original intent and purpose
for the Technician Class* Unfortunately, the present
restriction of Technician operation to 146.U-147.0
Mils «'loses just one-half of the world-wide portion
of the 144 Mils band to these licensees* Opening
up 144.1M46.U Ml Is will enhance the value of and
contributions by Teclinician Class licensees.
The Commission is fully aware of the recent
growth of FM operation in the 144.0-148.0 MHz
band and the development of equipment and
operating techniques for both mobile ami repeater
or relay npemtiuns. Much of this work has been
conducted by Technicians, with the perhaps un-
desirable result that the operations have been re-
stricted largely to the 145,0-147,0 Mils band.
Expansion of these and other ot>erationa intn the
147.0-14X.0 MHz band will be increasingly desir-
able as the occupancy of the 145,0-147,0 M H i
liand grows, and overall efficiency of frequency
usage will be improved. This is but another reason
for requesting the removal of the restrictions from
the Technician Class.
Even though the Technician Class was intendod
originally to encourage experimentation with equip-
ment and in techniques in the VHV\ Vll¥ and
higher frequency bands, the Commission recognised
as long as ten yean* ago that Teciuiician Clam
licensees can and do make mobt valuable rnnt.rlbu-
tions as communicators in times of emergency.
The prediction in the Report and Order in T)ocket
No. 14J728, adopted in 1950, that Technicians
would be invaluable in time of emergency and
disaster has been amply fulfilled. In numerous
disasters in the last ten year*, including the Alaskan
earthquake in 1U64 and the recent Hurricane
Camilie, the contributions of Technicians in pro-
viding internal communications have been valuable
beyond estimation. Participation by Technicians
jn the League's Amateur Radio Emergency Corps
(AREC) ha* grown over the years. The evolution
of Technicians as communicators as well as experi-
menters in the nineteen years since the class was
established must be recognised.
Bxpawiwi to 7 hfllz
As noted above, a proposal to permit Technician
Class operation in the 28.0-29.7 AlHs band was
73
denied In 1862 largely because the Technician
Class 11 was not established on a rnmmunicafcorj
earvice and should not be regarded as a a tapping
stone between the Novice and Ueueral aerator
classes/' (RM-273 and KM-419). In the aeven
intervening years, the average Technician Class
licensee has become increasingly interested in t'oin-
monlcatiog, particularly by wine, With the growth
of tangle bide band suppressed carrier telephony
033B) into the £0 and 144 MH* amateur band*,
much of the equipment, both, commercially manu-
factured and "home-brewed/' i* capable of opeiv
ation cm one or more of the amateur bands below
60 MHs. The ability to operate uri at least one
(IF band may have the practical effect of increasing
8SB operation, in the VHJ*' bands.
Home of the serious experimentation by Tech-
nician Class licensee* has involved long distance
propagation characteristics of VHJ?1 and UFTF fre-
quencies, both terrestrial and space. Frequently
it is desirable, and sometimes necessary, to have
available at least one channel for long distance
communication if such experiment* am to be suct-
raasfuL For example, in the space experiments of
radio amateur*, the reception and transmission of
orbiting, tracking and operating information are
most important. With all operations restricted to
VHi1 and higher frequencies* which arc must useful
and widely used for short distance line-of-sight
operations. Technician Class licensees are severely
handicapped in fulfilling the for which thpt
class was rreated initially: This is yet another
reason why access to at least one HF amateur band
is most desirable.
One of the problems of the Citlrens Radio
Service which has plagued the Commission since
that service** inception has been the dfeire, as well
as practice, of licensees to engage in "hobby"
type operations, communications and experimenta-
tion. The granting of limited privileges for Techni-
cian Class operations in the 29,5-29.7 Mils may
have thtf practical effect of attracting newcomers
to the amateur radio ranks.
The Novice Class is generally crmwdered to be
the lowest class of amateur radio license. Sub-
stantial portions of the tf.5, 7.0 and 21.0 MHi
amateur bands are available for Novices in corn**
municating with other amateurs around the world.
The same code test is used for both Novices and
Technicians. The same written examination vn
" general amateur practice and mgul&tions in-
volving radio operation and apparatus and provi-
sions of treaties, statutes, and rules affecting ama-
teur stations and operator" h used for the Techni-
cian. Conditional and General Classes. Neverthe-
less, only the Tschnician Class licensee is excluded
from the HF bands even though be has established
a minimal code proficiency and a significant knowl-
edge of theory, equipment, and operating practice.
These are just some of the reasons why, in the
League's opinion, Technicians should have access
to at least one HF hand. Because of its propagation
characteristics, including the eleven voar sunspot
cycle, the MHz band is the least depend-
able r»f the HF bands available to amateurs for
long range communications,
Undoubtedly other interested amateurs will ad-
vance additional reasons in support of a proposal
to permit Technicians Class licensees to of>erate in
the MHi band. The Commission is
respectfully requested to invite such comments
by the issuance of a notice of proposed rule making
at an early date.
74
The Technician (TZass Generally
It (* readily apparent from the various pronounce-
ments of the Commission over the years and from
the present interests and operations of Technician
Class licensees that the purposes for which the
Technician Class wan established nineteen yean
ago require review. It is respectfully suggested
that any notice of prupotfed rule "taking invite
comments and suggestions for major revision of the
Technician Class license.
Concurrent Holding of Technician awl
Smiw (Ha** U c m m
As noted above, the Commission discontinued
the practice uf concurrent holding of Technician
and Novice Class licenses by its 1U4B amendment
offciectionU7,9(f). It is respectfully submitted that
some of the incentive for a Technician Class licensee
to strive for a higher clams of licence was removed.
Although on-the-Hir code contacts may be held on
the frequencies now available to Technicians, the
thrill and pleasure of contacts with amateurs
hundreds and thousands of mites distant, many in.
other countries, is lacking aud the incentive to
obtain a General or Conditional Class license m
bm to continue such contacts upon expiration of the
non-renewable Novice Class license is non-existent.
It appears that any administrative mrouvenience
to the Commission by the concurrent holding of
Technician and Novice Class licenses van be mint
mised by proper programming of the CommiBston's
computer. The issuance of different call signs for
the Technician and Novice Class licenses ran be
avoided by dznply providing by an appropriats
rule that the letter 1 4 N" be included in the prefix
of the call sign when Al operation is being conducted
in the HF bands under the Novice license.
Wherefore, the premises considered, the Oom-
mififiioTi is respectfully requested to issue an appro*
priata notice of proposed rule making looking to-
ward modification uf Sections 97.7(c) and OT.9(f) of
its Rules as suggested herein.
THE AMEK1CAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE,
INCORPORATED
fcOBTSBT JUL BOOTH, J
Its General Counsel
November 19, 1969
Incidentally, in our reminder (ant month
about no dual holding of Novice and Technician
{pa«e 74 of December QSD, we had a " g o o f —
the second sentence of the second paragraph
should read, "Now a Novice qualifying for
Technician loses his Novice Class License,"
AMATEUR RADIO WEEKS, ALREADY
Toronto, Ontario, observed amateur radio
week November 10-15, 1009, iu conjunction
with ike annual convention of the Radio Society
of Ontario. Mayor William .Dennison mentioned
in particular the -,vork of RSO in support of
"Operation VVhitecane" with the Canadian.
National Institute for the Wind.
North Carolina hail its statewide amateur
radio week November 17-23, 1969, initiated by
fcha Raleigh Amateur Radio Bocdety. The pro-
clamation by Governor Robert W. Hcott high-
lighted amateur mnergency work, the medical
net which centers on Duke University, communi-
QSTiot
rations for servicemen oversea**, and the reservoir
uf technically oriented personnel for huHitietw,
industry and the military which, amateur radio
comprises. The governor even got on the air
and "hammed it up" a bit; see the photo else-
where in thiB department.
February I to February 8 will be observed
in Nevada, coinciding with the annual "SAKOC"
Convention February 4r-8 in Las Vegas. Governor
.Paul Laxalt picked up the same points as
Governor Scott.
Except where local conditions override,
amateur groups seeking declaration uf amateur
radio week during 1370 should consider the week
of June 21-27, which will be listed in Chased
Colendat of Annual Events and which coincides
with Field Day, June 27-28, 1970.
CHANNEL 8 TO BE CB "EMERGENCY"
Ah u matter of interest only, we mention
Docket 1870ft, in which FCC proposes to reserve
t!B channel 0 for "emergency" communications
only, involving the immediate safety of life,
protection of property or the rendering of assisfr-
anco to a motorist in difficulty. Though comment
deadline wa» December 10, it is likely that later
comments will be accepted.
SPECIAL BOARD MEETING MINUTES
"League Lines'1 last month reported briefly
on actions taken in a spccial ARKL Board Meet-
ing November i, iOtiD. Here are the official
minutes of the meeting* The* photon scattered
herein are by Kd Meteor, WQPHN, Central
Division vice director.
MINUTES OF THE 1968 SPECIAL
MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Thm A meg teem Radio Relay Ltaga*, Inc.
1) Pursuant to due notice, and hi accordance
with a dft'jbLUJi made at theftnmMttlmeeting in
May, the Board uf Directors uf The American
Radio Keiay League, IncM met in special hewiun
at the gboreham Motor Llotei, Hartford. Connecti-
cut, on November 1, The meeting was called
to order at VM A.M., with President. Robert W,
Dennibtuii, W0DX, iu the Chair, and the following
directors present:
Ruy L, Albright, tV6EVB, West Gulf Division
Charier* J. Bnivin, K4KQ, Southeastern Division
Robert Vork Chapman, W1QY, New Knjdand
Division
Victor C. Clark, W4KFC, Roanoke Division
Charles Compton, W0BUO, Dakota Division
Gilbert L. Croaafcy, W3YAt Atlantic Division
liaxry J, Dannals, W2TUK, Huduun Division
Noel B. Jtaton, VJsBCJ, Canadian Division
Sumner H. Foster. Wj&GQ, Midwest Division
J. A. Umelin, WrtZHJ, ftu-jfie Division
John H. Griggs, South western Division
Philip & Haller, WWiKJ. Central Division
Alban A. Michel, WsWCt Great Tsake* Division
Carl U Smith, W0BWJ, Rocky Mountain
Division
Philip l\ Spencer, W5LD1T, Delta Division
Uobert B. Thurston, W7PGY, Northwestern
Division
January 1970
Director Albright, W5EYB ond Honorary "Veep" Handy,
W1BD1 diat h Hartford.
Also in attendance, as members of the Board
without vote, were Wayiand M. Groves, \V5NWf
Firat Vice Fresident; H. O. Best, WfiQKF, Vice
President; and John Huntoon, WILVQ, General
Manager, Abo in attendance, at the invitation of
the Board as nun-participating observers* were
Atlantic Division Vice Director Harry A. Mo-
Conaghy, WttUFC; Central Division Vice Diwxstor
tidxnoiid A. Metxger, "WOPHN; and Roanoke
Division Vire Director L. Phil Wicker, W4ACY.
There were also present Treasurer David H.
Houghton; Honorary Vice President F. E. Handy,
W1BDI; General Counsel Robert M, Booth, Jr.,
\V3Pfcl; Technical Director George Grammar,
W1DF; Public Kelatloma Consultant Don Waters;
Ajftrisbani General Manager Richard L. Baldwin,
W1JKE; Communications Manager Geurge Hart.,
WlNJM; and tfenior Aauutant Becretaiy Periy
Williams, W1UED.
2) At the request of the Chair, the assembly stood
in a moment ol nilence in memorial tribute to the
late Herbert Hoover, Jr., W-flH; Harry M.
Engwicht, WtiUC; Bigelow Green, WlEAhi; and
Quayle B. Smith, W3KDR.
li) The Chair designated General Counsel Booth
as Parliamentarian for the meeting, and Mr. Booth
outlined briefly the procedure applying for the
pped&l tueutizig,
4) On motion of Mr. Foster, unanimously
VOTED that the regular order uf business is
tiUHpended.
5) Moved, by Mr. Albright, that the fir»t formal
report of the VHP Kepeater Advisory Committee,
together with appended minority report, if any,
be pubiit&bed in Q8T and that ruuourrent with
publication, comments be requested from the field,
these comments to be forwarded to the Advisory
Committee; and further that hhuiild FCC request
comment* regarding proposed rule making with
respect to repeater operation or regulations, that
the General Counsel prepare and present comments
to the FCC in accordance with recommendations
contained in the latent Advisory Committee interim
report furnished the Board liaison director by the
committee majority. After discussion, moved* by
Mr, Gmelin, to 1 ay the matter on the table; but
the motion to table was rejected, 5 vote* in favor
to 11 opposed; Mr. Thurston requested to be
recorded as opposed to tabling. On motion of Mr,
Bolvin, alter discussion, VOTED (Canadian Direc-
tor Eaton abstaining) to amend the motion by
75

Directors Dcmnab, W2TUK; Clark, W4KFC and Compton,
W0BUO,
striking »U text beginnin* with the words "and
further/* The question then being on the motion
as amended, the same ww ADOPTED.
U) The Board wad in recesa from 10:25 aju, to
IQ-Mam.
7) Un motion of Mr. Spencer, after extensive
discunsion, VOTED (Cauadian Director Eaton
abstaining) that the requests to he submitted to
the Federal Communications Commission concern-
ing changes in the operating privileges «>f Technician
Class licence* pursuant to Minutes 14, 53 and 66
of the last annual meeting of the Ho&cd of Directors
note the increased ^immunication interest and
activities of the Technician Class licertwyw* nin«»
that class was first established and the General
Cnimffel he directed to file our request immediately.
8) rjn motion of Mr, Clark, unanimously VOTED
(Canadian Director Eatou abstaining) that the
General Counsel be instructed t.r» petition the
federal Communication* Commission to amend the
regulation* so as to provide for assignment, upon
request of an applicant, payment of the fee provided
therefor, and subject to it* current availability, of
an amateur rail sign having a counten>art. suffix to
one previously held by that applicant in tbe name
or another r-all area.
At this point General Manager Hantaan re-
ported on the progress of Board actions in Minutes
S9t 41, 44, &H, m ami U7 of the May meeting,
and Communications Manage TTait reported simi-
larly on actions in Minutes 15, 18, 33, 47, 18.
50, 64, 65, 75, S3, 88 and 88. Dissuasion followed.
10) The Boaiti was in recess for luncheon from
P U. to 12:40 P,M.
11) On motion of Mr. Foster, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that in view of the impl&<
menting of Phase 2 of the phone regulation* by
FCC, that occupancy studies he implemented by
the Planning Committee to determine the effect of
those regulations on tlifl various band segments,
12) On motion uf Mr- Foster, after discusrion,
unanimously VOTED that tbe Communications
Manager institute studies as to operation of phone
traffic and emergftiry nets under disaster conditions
and tbe limitations of FCC Phase and report
his recommendations at the May 1W70 meeting.
13) Moved, by Mr. Foster, that after study of
the effects of FCC Phase t plum* regulations on
emergency and disaster norrittiumcatjona nets, the
Communications Department report to the Plan-
ning Committee the durability of i«etting aside
certain frequencies where such nets containing both
General and Advanced Class amateurs eoold operate
to provide maximum public service. But, after
discussion, Mr. Foster withdrew the motion,
14) Un motion of Mr. Eaton, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that $55,01)0 of fumls cur-
rently in the Deposit Administration Account of
the AtiKL Penwun Plan be trannfenvd to equity
investments through Connecticut General Life In-
surance Company Separate Account A; and that
future annual vuutnbutions be apportioned us
directed by tbe Finance Committee.
15) On motion of Mr, Foster, after discussion,
imanimouftty VOTED that on behalf of the 0
district directors and with the approval of the Merit
and Awards Committee, an award in suitable form
be issued to W0DMA, Alva M. Smith, fur his
outstanding service to amateur radio in his handling
of the Wa and W0 QfcJL Bureaus during the past
30 years.
.10) On motion of Mr. Chapman, after extensive
discussion, unanimously VOTED that the President
appoint a special committee, directed to »ubmit to
tlie AHKL Board of Directors for adoption, a
prui>ur*ed constitution and set <if hy-laws for the
American Radio Relay League Foundation pur-
suant to Minute 28 of the 1WU Hoard actions.
(7) On motion of Mr. Clark, after extensive
discussion, unanimously VOTED that the recom-
mendations of the General Counsel for amendments
to the Articles of Association and By-Laws to
provide for two meetings of the Hoard per year be
taken up as an item of business at the May ItfTO
Board meeting.
Ittj The Board was in recess from 3:01 P.M. to
3:10 r.u.
IP) On motion of Mr. Chapman, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that the Federation of
Eastern Massachusetts Amateur .Radio Association
(FEMARA) application to hold a national AKRL
convention in the city of Breton, Mass., un 25-27
^September Hi7fi, be approved by the AK&L Board
of Directors this date, November I, lutft.
*JU) On motion of Mr. Griggs, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED to approve the request of
the Associated Radio Amateurs of Long Bearh
(Calif.) for tbe premutation of a national con-
vention of the AKRL in 1971 aboard the Queen
Mary in Long Beach, California-
21) On motion of Mr. Clark, after discussion,
VOTED that a special committee be convened by
the President for the purpose of reviewing and
Vke President Best, W5QKF and Krsdor
Thurston, W7PGY.
QST far
 evaluating Hoard meeting procedures and preparing
discrete roerimmendationft for any improvements
deemed neceaaary. Meters. Chapman, Gmelin and
Origis JVfjuested to be recorded as voting opposed.
22) Moved, by Mr. Griggs, that the Board of
Directors does hereby direct Hie {inn*ral Manager to
effect the periodic publication in QMT of liftmen
and addresses of television and related home enter-
tainment equipments who either incorporate in
their dftqigua, or furiush free to (heir customers,
high-pass filter** atnl either interference rejection
devices. But, after extensive diwujwion, un motion
of Mr. Ci>tnpUui, VOTED to lay the matter on
the tahle. Messrs. Griggs, Hfiller and tipcucer
wished to be ra:orded as voting opposed to tabling,
23) Moved, I>y Mr. Griggs, that the Board of
Dirartoni does liereby instruct the General Manager
to offer technical aid and cooperation to consumer-
oriented rating ma-gauiies in dHtamiming the inter-
ference rejection characterises of prions TV
receivers ami related home entertainment equip-
ments, After discusHion, <>n a mil-call vote, the
matter ended in a tie, 8 voiew in favor to H opposed.
Mi, the Honorable Rose! II. Hyde retired as Chair-
matt of the Federal Communications Commission
on October SI, 1W0H, and WlltiKBAB, Mr. JTyde
had served for twenty-three years as a Commis-
Hiimer, a record unmatched by any other, and
WKEAKAtf, Mr. Hyde earlier servnd with dis-
tinction as attorney, hearing examiner and general
counsel of the Federal Con i rmmicationa Com-
mission, u total of forty years1 devoted government
service, and WHEREAS, Air. Hyde has, throughout
his career, built a reputation as a man of integrity,
courage ntnl wisdom, NOW, THEREFORE, BE
I T RESOLVED, hy the Board of Directors of the
American Kadio Relay League, in sjjecial meeting
assembled at Hartford, Connecticut this first day
of November, 1909, do hereby express their gratitude
for Mr. Hyde'* «otil<ributions to the art of radio,
and wish him welt in his future endeavors.
2H) Whereupon, on motion of Mr, Groves, the
Board adjourned, div, at ti:U5 P.M.
ay) (Total time in sewiim, 8 hours, tt minutes)
J O H N H U N T O O N WILVy, Secntory

w
Voting in the affirmative were Messrs. Chapman,
Clark, Dannals, Cmelin, Griftg*, Smith, Spencer

t
and Thurston: voting opposed were Messrs, Al-
brighti Bolvin, Comptnn, Crowley, Katon, Foster,
Hailer, and Michel. The Chair cant his vote in the
Seasons S m t i n g i From the Bsms
negative, and the motion thug was lost. of the ARRL/QST Staff
"4) Moved, by Mr. Grigjft, that the Board of Roland B . Bourne W1ANA
Directors dues hereby authorise the attendance of
Vice Director** at one Board meeting, the first if Doug DeMaw W1CER
possible, during each term of office, with all as- Jean DeMaw WlCKK
perates incident thereto to be paid from League Bob Riualdi WlCNY
funds. After discussion, on motion of Mr. Chapman, Laird Campbell W1CUT
unanimously VOTED to amend the motion to It. L. White W1CW
add: ''the attendance at Board meeting by the George Grammar W1DF
Vice Directors will be subject to approval by the Carl E . Smith W1FJTU
division director and expense* accrued will be Bob Myers WIFBY
chargeable to tlie division allotment/* After further
K P. Tilton W1IIDQ
discussion, the question being on the tm»faion an
amended, the Maine was ADOPTED, 10 votes in Lewia G. McCoy WHOP
favor to 6 opposed. Merer*. Cimetin and Griggs R . L. Baldwin. WUKE
wished to be recorded at* voting in favor. J . A. Moskey W1JMY
25) Moved, by Mr. Smith, that a statement of Pnug Blakeslee W1KLK
the duties and responsibilities of the Director, A1 Noone WA1KQM
Vice Director and the tiection Communications John Huntoon W1LVQ
Manager, be prepared in brief but concise summary George Hart W1NJM
form and to be supplied to ewh sunh nominee for
elective office. After discussion, by Mr, Spencer, A- M. Wilson W1NPG
to amend the motion to provide for publication of Jerry Hall KLPXJP
the material in Q8Ti but there way no sei-mid, so Murray Powell W1QIS
the motion to amend was lost. After further dis- Chuck Dean K1QQX
cussion, moved, by Mr. Croswley, ta amend the It. E . Anderson K1TVF
motion to provide that the material would be Perry P. Williams W1UJSD
mailed tn a nominee as suun as his petition waa C. I t Bender W1WPR
declared valid; but there was no second, *r> the Walter Lange W1YDS
motion to amend was lost. After further discussion, tillen White W1YYM
moved, by Mr. Albright, to amend the motion by
striking the text and substituting therefor the Miriam Y. Knapp W1ZIM
following: "That the C*tm*r»l Manajcer furnish Irfllian M. Salter W1ZJE
each nominee a summary of the existing regulations Bill Dimkerley WA2INB
pertaining to (he office for which he is nominated;" Bill Smith KtfCER
but there we* tu> i^.oiid, su the niuMuu to amend Tjoufae Moreau WB6BBO
watt lost. After further discussion, the question then John Troster W0ISQ
being on the original motion, the same was unani- James P. Hill K60ZL
mously ADOPTED. Kod Newkirk WflBRD

J
Bfl) Moved, by Mr. Dannals, to take from the Bill Reichert WA911HII
table Mr. Griggs* proposal concerning interference
problems; but the motion waa rejected, 6 votes Maxim Memorial Stal.inn W1AW
in favor to 10 opposed. Mef*r«. Griggs, Holler and
Spencer requested to be recorded as voting in favor.
k A URL Headquarters
AK W1INP

27) On motion of Mr. Groves, the following

resolution waft unanimously ADOPTED: WUERE-

January 1970 77
 TUP1
ews
INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO (JKIOtf, T H « QLOBAI. FEDERATION OP NATIONAL NON-COM MERCtAL AMATIUJIK
RADIO SOCIETIES FOIt THE PROMOTION ANO CO-ORDINATION OF TWO-WAY AAIATKUII RADIO COMMUNICATION

SPECIAL W-VK 3rd PARTY AGREEMENT

In connection with the Australis-Oscar 5
amateur satellite experiment, third-party com-
munication has beau authorized between United
States amateur stations and Australian amateur
stations on matters relating to satellite experi-
ments. These arrangements, which are. effective
immediately, will continue for a period ending
four months after the Mfellito ceases to transmit.
Australian amateurs wishing to participate in
the exchange of such. third-party traffic must
first notify the WireU** int&Uute of Aiutralia.

ZARC PROPAGATION RESEARCH

COMPETITION Hera ts a general view of thefrontoffice of the Soutfi
African HadJo League in Caps Town. Above, QSL Man
The In lernatioual Amateur lladio f Jlub ager ZS1AW and Connie van den Bosch ars bvsy with
(4TX1ITU) announces sponsorship of the 1970 their weekly diors of sorting QSL cards, Below, It Ella
Propagation iieweareh Competition* The objec- Otto, In another part of the office, attending to SARL
tive of the contest le to work m many stations affairs* The society hat a total mmbenMp of 1600—
in m many different OPR zona* as possible. of which MOO are llcanssd amateurs. These photoa
The contest period is for cw and RTTY f OOUl ars from Radio ZS, th« league's official pubfcaHori,
GMT, February 28, to 2400 GMT, March 15;
for phone, 0001 GMT, March 28, to 2400 GMT,
April ID. Any amateur bands can be used;
several entry classes will be accepted; and,
certificates will be available for hijeh scorers.
SWL participation is also encouraged. For further
information and log forms, write the Inter-
national Amateur Radio Club, ll!ll Geneva 20,
Switzerland All contest logs must be mailed
before June 1,1970 to L. M. Eundlett, Chairman,
I ARC Contest Committee, 2001 Kye St., N.W.,
Washington, D.C. 2000ft.

VK REPEATER INTEREST
Because of enthusiasm over vhf fm and re
pesters* the Wireless Institute of Ai&traliti fa
formed a Federal Repeater Secretariat, An initia
task k to establish contact with groups knowi
to be interested in repeaters, both in Australii
and overon*, and to plan policies for futun
repeater systems in Australia, At the momen
there in only one experimental repeater in oper
ation in Australia; in addition, five repeate
license applications are before the Post Office fo
consideration*

On the occasion of ITU1* (International Telecommimfeatioi

Unton) World Telecommunications Day in May, 7X2Alb
was operated, as shown above, by ths Amaitvrt ftadf
Algorism, and 1AM) society with 220 memberi, repre
sorting Algeria in Hie IMoa

QSTia
 TtnUAme d a t e far m w r J Q ^ Q AUTtL t p m H n t aetMHe*.

January February March

& Qualifying Run, W60WP 4 Qualifying Run, WBOWP 5 Qualifying Run, WflOWP
10-11 VHFflS 7-8 DX Tew*, phone 7-8 D X Test, phone
14 Qualifying Run, WlAW 7-32 Norte? Roundup 13 Qualifying Run, WlAW
17-18 C D Pfcrty, ow 12 Qualifying Run, WlAW 2 J-22 DX Teat, ow
24-30 Simulated Kmenzency T « t 14 Frequency Mean tiring Test
CD Party, phone 21-92 D X Teat, cw

April May June

S Qualifying Runr W0OVVP 7 Qualifying Run, W60WP 3 Qualifying Run, WOOWP
11 Qualifying Run, WlAW 9 Frequency Measuring T « t 1(1 Qualifying Run, WlAW
11-12 CD Party, ow 12 Qualifying Run, WlAW 13*14 VIIF QfcU Ptoty
18-19 CD Party, phone 27-28 Field Day

July August September

2 Qualifying Ron. WOOWP 5 Qualifying Run, WOOWP 3 Qualifying Run, W60WP
11-1* "Op«i M CP Party, im 14 Qualifying Run, WlAW 11 Qualifying Run, WlAW
36 Qualifying Hun, WlAW 12 Frequency Measuring Teat
IS-lfl "Open" CJ> Ptoty, phone 12-13 VKF QSO Party
October November December
7 Qualifying Run, WBOWP 5 Qualifying Run, WflOWP 2 Qualifying Run, WttOWP
10-11 CD Party, cw 7 frequency Measuring Test 10 Qualifying Runv WlAW
13 Qualifying Ron, WlAW 14-15 88, phone
17-18 CO Party, phone 18 Qualifying Run, WlAW
21-22 SB, ow

ncxoBakMH^^^BtetfMM^MBwSBKff
Arixona— The Amateur Radio Council of Ariioua
U aponforing the aeeond annual Winter Hamfeet in Phoenix
on February 1. This will be a poU-luek picnic and all hatrui
in the area are invited. For txlotv in format ion write ARCA,
Box 0002, Phoenix, ArUona 8JHJ05.
Nevada — The 8AROC for 1970 is Brthfviiikrf for Febru-
ary 4-8 at the Stardust Hotel Convention fVnfer, Lw
Yegaa. Advance registration ia 98.60, after February 1,
tOJVU per pureon. Free ladies luncheon, program ticket with
ladiea advance fp^Ktration. Men'i luncheon ticket
with advance r*gi«tratron, Technical Mninarft, meetings
by ARRL, fm, MARS, QCWA, and much more. Room
reservation requeet to Starduat HntH, Send for
advance registration blank aitd additional information,
ftftutbem Nevada ARC. P.O. Box TO, Boulder City,
Nevada 89005.
New J eraey — The annual Rsritan Bay Radio Amateurs
Chxiatouui Party will be held at "Buddie*/1 Johnnoti Loti*,
Bayrevillft, New Jersey, January 17, at 7-JQQ p.il
SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION CONVENTION
Miami, Florida January 17-18
Throw down that snow shovel, get away from
the cold; come on down to the laud uf sunshine
where the balmy breezes blow.
The ARRL Southeastern Division Conven-
tion/Tenth Annual Tropical Hamboree will be
held Saturday and Sunday, January 17 & IK, at
the Miami Bayfront Park Auditorium, Every
bam should be able in find something of intercut,
as the schedule of activities will cover DX, KM,
88B, MARS, VHF, NTS, ARPSC, QCWA and
others. Presiding over the ABRL meeting will
be our newly elected RE, Div, Director Date
Stricter, W4DQS, and Vice-Director Chuck
Bolvin, K4KQ. Headquarters representatives
participating are Bob White, WlCW and Ktleu
White, WlYYM. The Uade Cminty ABPSO
will have a station on-the-air for tJime wishing
to make a contact or two* The swappers will
S M T W T F &
i ? a
4 S 4 7 t 9 1Q
11 12 IS 14 U 14 \7
it i* to »< n is 24
is 44 tr as st * ii
drool over the giant swap area arid bargains
galore. Leading manufacturers will he repre-
sented with exhibits of the very latest equipment
off the hHSernbly line-
The Saturday night banquet will be the ever*
populartfmorgar&tyleufea*fc" that has become
a tradition at the Hamboree. The after-dinner
program will be for general interest.
Headquarters hotel is The Everglade* at 244
Biscay™ Boulevard; special rates are $11.00
single, $15.00 double, no deposit required.
Heque&Ui for reservations should include arrival
date. Convention registration is $1.50 and
banquet tickets are $7,00, For tickets and hotel
reservations write to Dade Itadio Club, P.O.
Box Biscayne Annex, Miami, Florida, 33152.
COMING A.R.R.L. CONVENTIONS
January 17-18 — Southeastern IKvUion^
M i a m i , Florida.
M a y 15-17 — P a r i f i o / S o u t h w e s t e r n Divi-
sion*. Kreano* Calif,
j u n f t 19-21 — O r e g o n State* B e n d .
MOT*: Bpotuora of larie* Ham gathering ifhoiiLd
check with League headqoartera for aii advisory on
possible data conflict* before ennlTaettag lor meet-
ing space. Dat«« may be recorded at AKKL for
up to two years in advance.

QST for 79
 Correspondence
From Members-
H I E PUBLISH era of < ? £ T A M U R A E D O RC ipoti ilbilit;
FODUNK CENTER BOLD
C Thia letter is to inform you that Podunk Center,
Iowa (p. 16, May QtiT) ban been bought gut by a
widow from Cleveland who purch&wd the
community for Podunk's population i* now
a healthy zero, wince Homer Weeks was burnt
in an amdent and decided to move to a place
where them nught he something more going oil.
Podunk consists of a general btore and cafe with
Living quartern in the back, gas uumps, a lour-room
hotel, a root cellar and a windmill.
I recommend that AititL purchase Podunk and
thereupon convert it into either an AUKL
quorters or a rent home for tired DXer* ami traJfic
operator* {if the combination would work\ —
Murray Lamjwrt, WAnVZH/Vfij, TWusfti, Unt.
1 X 3 CALLS
€[ I commend the Leagued Board on their efforts
to amend ticction VJ&L to permit thetanlaaceof a
three-letter call sign with a single-letter prefix to an
Amateur i&xtra Class licensee regardless uf how much
time he has been an amateur.
It is an excellent idea and would provide even
more incentive to the younger group coming along
who could gain that 1 x tf call a» well as the privilege
to use the Extra segments.— liay Voigt, ll'Bgitil,
Ctom, C'A
<1 I oppose any issuance of ''special call letters"
Why should the KHtig and KL7s be dwrimiiiated
againstf There are, of course, several other pre-
dates under t'00 cognisance. 1 don't see anything
wrong with the issuance of - x 3 calls us there are
lots of KTTUBV KL7B» etc., who can never gr> 1 x It
due to the nature of the calL Besides, if you got an
Kxtra Class, what's another letter an far saving
time is concerned? Figure out the liaud rate, 1
don't think it is worth the extra expense in FOG
time (aren't they already short-handed?}. — Wottac*
K. izuo, K1I6BWT, Honolulu, Hawaii,
HELPING HAND
After R{J yeans in ham radio, it suddenly strikes
homel With one eye under surgery, and the other
one on the way, I know what ham radio mean* to
those under a handicap. Til get bettor, according
to my doctor, hut now 1 realize how important
our hobby is to thorn lusfl fortunate.
Hera'* one ham who will always lie ready to offer
a helping hand, aud my sincere thanks to those who
knowingly or otherwise brought me through those
rough weeks when thpy kept me in touch, — B. A'.
(Bert) /frvcy, VB3ESH, Kiwxton, On*.
WORDS ZN WHITING
d I have read a copy of another radio magassiue
and .see that there is a controversy over the League
and also the incentive licensing. ( hav« had my
Novice ticket just two mouths, and thus have little
experience. But 1 also come to the matter without
80
for lUtcmcnti rovde herein BY corrciponrfftitii
prejudice* With r>hat introduction, let me give you
uiy view*.
The editorial L read in th* uther mag would have
bettor made a speech, When you put your words
in writing, you a How the person midtw^J to give
the words careful consideration. With little knowl-
edge of radio, a mreful reading of the editorial
indicated that the real thrust of the person was
that anotlier organisation is a little jealous of the
position of the League and its status among ama-
teurs. The comments of the writer indicate that
what X lack in knowledge uf radio, he lacks in
knowledge of politirs, taxation, international agree-
ments, the law, and human nature.
The editorial called for a mash resignation from
the Leugue. My own reaction is that 1 am working
for my (jeueral ticket, and saving my money for
ekfltinn to Life Membership in the League. ~
William ff. White, WNSKUM/^ Xem Vwr*. tf. F.
FCC SWEATSHIRTS!
Down in Washington, D, C. they- have something
called Federal City College- it was organized last
and is just now starting to roll.
I suppose before long the students will he dis-
playing Mia school's fetters uti sweatshirts, bumper
stickers, windshields and maybe even beanie cap*.
Now that will betfouiethingtofchakeup the visiting
jriobiteer tor wayward CBer). I look for an improve-
ment in mobile operating procedures, log keeping,
William W3GKP, SpenccrtitU,
MD*
<L Cancel my membership. . . , Since 1 w t not
further read your QMV without constantly em*winter-
ing the gut-rending deletion of wcyelfl^•-per••H<5cond,^,
and, hitiiws the AKRL will not stand up to be counted,
one way or the other, on such fowfc changes as
that of to ''Herts," 1 have no
further use for your publication or the ARKL. 1
am goingfishing.That makes more K*ri*e. — Arthur
ff. PitQKi4hnr*lt, KiiDTEt San Jane. i!JL
TOUGH-TO-FIND PARTS
I Kara all of tlie books that you publish aud
several of them contain "how to make*' items that
list component* that no doubt were available at the
time the books were originally written, hut i*aa
not be found now in any nf the supply concern*,
or at leatit the better known ones, i'm sure it is
time that such books are re-edited for such things
and save the unsuspecting would-be Novice from
all tlie troubles of finding it out after he has mott
of the components, which are no good without all
of them, — 11 An" fTBiom Vero Beach, f L .
(KDZTOHS NOT*: It's difficult to up w\th the
constant change in th* electronic romponmt manufsct-
uring industry. If you have difHeulty hnding a particu-
lar component drop a note to Uq.|
QST for
 HANDBOOK
4 l'our lwtfy Handbook is the best of all 46 editions. money. Tax free, yet. As far as the majority of
Congratulations! — RMrt Mm Richardson,
Vice President, ITT Navigator Syxtcmi, Inc., Itock-
ville, Jl/O.
[ E D I T O B ' H None: Thanks, but wait till you see IW01\ depended on a <0.50 membership in one of the
OUCH!
Forget it, you bunch of bock-stabbers.
Due to the recent ARRL-aupporUxl fiasco of in-
centive licensing and tbe repeated dbsr:r>urt*#ie» of
W l A W in completely ruining three Q80s that my
hiittbond and I were involved with, f do not wish
t<i be in any way affiliated with A R A L ,
Regardless of what you people think, the manner
of implementation of incentive lireiiflinA i» doing
more to discourage higher class licenses among Uie
general population of amateur* thau to encourage it,
£ had every hope of obtaining an Extra Olaaw, but
now that the ultimatum hau been issued 1 frankly
don't give a damn. Tbe congestion turd discourtesy
on the ham bands is bad enough without cram plug
us all together more. A » for W l A W , with it's uignal
width of H klla on each Hide itu«l its acting without
asking if the frequency U in u s e — I hope your
ops get laryngitis What gives you the right to walk
right over a Q80 without breaking for permission
to use the frequency? If a regular ham did that
(Continwtl from putt* to)
Kopro silk-screen kit, No. SC-601. Con-
tains all materials for making ftilk screens up to
7 X 9-inct size, plua silk and film emulsion for
making two additional pattern* (135 each).
Manufacturers and Suppliers
The lirsl place to look for circuitr-board mar
terials is at your local ham radio store. Some
hobby stores also carry circuit«I>oard components.
Here L* a list of firms from which supplies and
kite are available by mail. Their catalogs will
give up-to-date prices, and should be consulted
before orders are placed.
Repro Circuit Systems, Inc.
(auppliet* and custom boards)
3630 Scarlet Oak Blvd.
St. Louis, Mo. 63122
Vector .Electronic Company, Inc. (supplies).
1100 Flower St
Glendale, Calif* 91201
Amidon Associates (supplies).
13033 Otsego St.
N. Hollywood, Calif. 91607
Allied Electronics (supplies).
100 N. Western Ave.
Chicago, 111. 60680
Newark Electronics Corp. (supplies).
000 N» Pulaski lid.
Chicago, III. 60624
Radio Shack Corp. (supplies).
Branch and m&in stores.
Stafford tJlectronios
January 1970
they'd get a severe reprimand and possibly a tinlcet.
But, money talks and you guys liave all the
hams i* concerned, you should pay taxes like the
rest of us.
It won't make much difference, but if my license
most dictatorial organizations in the world — I'll
burn ray license fii*t. And the next time \V1A\V
busts up a QSO that my husband and I and some
other ops are having I'll personally tell the lid that
o)M*rates your precious station what I think. And
you'd better check your cw otjeratioa. M y one
.vear-old daughter hends a clearer signal with a
spootv and a pan. — Clautle A. Beare, WAflGJT
Cathy M. ffw, tt'AGKYW, Covin*, CA.
Incentive licensing is not ttie worst boo-boo in
ham radio. It is the Novice system tliat puts these
test-pest idiots on the bands. Don't you ever listen
on the cw portions? Vou can't be on one freq. for
10 miiL without a test-pent jamming tlie freq. What
is the tnatter with you i>eople? — ft. J. Anderson,
W8JX, Midland^ Mich.
Keep up the good work back there, during these
days of ignorance and criticism we sometimes be-
come confused. I am for you UM%. — A. L. EllinQ-
ton, W0FDY, Garden City, KS. (Ba^l
(custom boards and materials).
427 S. Renbow Rd.
Greensboro, N, 0- 24701
Foto-Etch Co, (custom boards made)*
3311 Citrus Ave.
Walnut Creek, Ca. 94598
Concluding Remark*
It is Imped that the information given here
will offer the reader the basics needed for getting
started OIL that first circuit hoard project. With
a little practice you ahould be able tu design and
build first-rate circuit boards, rfhe Information
ts here, ao let's get that project started)
Fifty Y*an of ARRL
A bound 152-page reprint of the
gold-edged historical articles which
appeared in the 1964 issues of QST
is available from the ARRL for one
dollar postpaid. Titled Fifty Years of
ARRL, the book covers the highlights of
ARRL and amateur radio history dur-
ing the fifty years from 1914 to 1964,
and will make a companion piece to
the classic 200 Meters and Down, a
reprint of which is also available from
the ARRL for one dollar.
81
 "It Seems To Us . . teurs qualified for the new five band DXCC
{Continued from page 9) in its first year, and other amateurs set their
with 21 Senators as co-sponsors, which would sights on the five band WAS which starts
permit immigrants having declared their in- on January 1, 1970. The feeling in some cir-
tention to become citizens to acquire an ama- cles that the League needs two Board meet-
teur license. Hearings were expected to be ings a year to carry out its business effectively
held late in 1969. Canadians remained saddled culminated in a special Board meeting at
with a $10 per year license fee, but did get rid Newington six months after the Annual
of the $6 "amendment" fee. New trial rules Meeting, held this year at New Orleans.
for repeaters went into effect. The name of the Technicians became newly eligible for EC
regulatory agency changed from Department appointments. Nearly 900 members held — or
of Transport to Department of Communica- were paying dues toward — Life memberships,
tions, but at working levels the same per- while about a thousand 25-year and 17 50-year
sonnel continued to handle amateur affairs. pins had been issued to qualified members.
On the world scene, the Administrative The League cooperated with the Boy Scouts
Council of the International Telecommunica- of America at its National Jamboree, KF7-
BSA, and with the Boys Clubs of America on a
tions Union (presided over by VE3NR) new project to start youth radio clubs in
settled on June, 1971 for the Administrative inner-city areas.
Radio Conference on Space and Radio Astron-
omy. The U.S. continued its preparations with The League noted with sadness the passing
release of a fifth Notice of Inquiry soliciting of many prominent amateurs during the year:
comment on various earlier proposals. The former ARRL president Herbert Hoover, Jr.,
League endorsed the proposal to drop mention W6m/KdZB; Leon Deloy, ex-8AB of France,
of space activities on 144 MHz in favor of a whose station handled the eastern end of the
plan to include space work in the basic defini- first transAtlantic QSO; John Clarricoats,
tion of the amateur service. G6CL, secretary of IARU Region I and
Indonesia (freshly off the "banned" list), formerly secretary of RSGB; former ARRL
Sweden and Guatemala entered into reciprocal director Harry Engwicht, W6HC; New Eng-
operating agreements with the U.S. Thailand land vice director Bigelow Green, WlEAE;
notified ITU in Geneva that it no longer Bert Osborne, W4MF, past president of the
objected to amateur communications, leaving Old, Old Timers Club; F. Cheyney Beekley,
only Vietnam and Cambodia on the U.S. ex-WIGS, former advertising manager of
interpretation of the banned list. A Region 1 QST; Quayle B. Smith, W3KDR, formerly
Congress of IARU was held in Brussels with of the late General Counsel Segal's office —
27 societies present or voting by proxy; its to mention only a few.
decisions mainly dealt with internal matters The sad news aside, the Moving Finger
such as rotating sponsorship of a European DX "writ quite a tale" for 1969 — now make way
contest and the like. Membership in the IARU for 1970! fqgF=l
reached 83 societies with the election of the
ham associations in Western Samoa, Hungary
and Trinidad & Tobago.
Here at home, the big news probably was
ARRL's production of a color film on ham
radio starring Barry Goldwater, K7UGA,
Arthur Godfrey, K4LIB and Bill Leonard,
W2SKE, of CBS News. The film is making a
good impression on television watchers, ' ?'JtL '

service-club audiences, and high-school stu- -•V..J," . .

• j l l l j l l m«
&
MP

dents all over the land. A new Radio Amateur

Satellite Corporation — Amsat for short —
was formed and took over the task of getting
Australis-Oscar launched on a NASA project,
in close cooperation with both Project Oscar,
Inc. and the League. New ARRL advisory
committees were appointed for contests and
for vhf repeaters and promptly went to work.
The contest committee nas sifted several
suggestions for changes in the rules, and the
League has adopted on a trial basis the recom-
mendation of the Committee that power
multipliers be eliminated from Sweepstakes Mr. and Mrs. Gerard Bunge, K7SPH, of Tucson, Arizona,
scoring. The repeater group closely examined accept a Certificate of Achievement from Brig. Gen.
conflicting views within the fm fraternity over I.of R.more
Ob enchain, Jr. for their assistance in the completion
than 10,000 patches from U.S. personnel in
what shape the first formal rules for repeaters Vietnam. The certificate is signed by General Creighton
ought to take. The ICAO alphabet became W. Abrams, Commander, U.S. Military Assistance
the official ARRL phonetic aid. Eight ama- Command, Vietnam.

82 QST for
 CONDUCTED BY ROD NEOTKIRK,* W9BRD
Bows
Bidding adieu last month to tho woudrouw
ffiOs w e listed the aingle^jdebaiid )xN>m ax the
p a s t decade's number one !>X development, A
spin of any transceiver dial can confirm thin,
Statistic* are equally convinring.
Throughout the H»50s and early 'flto W / K / V H
radiotelegraph entries in AHUL'h uinimil Inter-
national O X Competition regularly outnumbered
voice entries m much as two to nne, yeur hi
and year out. Increasing application and avail-
ability of mb equipments began to narrow the
g a p a few yearo ago. I n the i!J69 A R l i L D X
TewL U. S. and Canadian voice logs uutnumbered
eodo logs roughly HftO to 7.r»0, an historic first
indeed I
T h i s trend in n o t reflected <m the overflew
scene, however. As in the past, entries continue
to vun about 2 to I in cw'a favor, the apTead
actually increasing last year. Possibly this is
because the transceiver flood h a s n ' t yet miffi-
ciently soaked the foreign market. Then, too,
there's always the language barrier working in
f a v o r of cw, even for simple contest- exchanges.
W e ' r e iwuftlly tempted lo try wjme uryfltal
ball reception whenever we enter a new bunch
of D X years, but frankly we wouldn't k n o w
where to start. One angle hkikes us, though.
I t ' s rapidly getting cheaper to travel than to
stay at huoie, manufactured appAralus keeps
growing smaller and lighter, arid tourist-type
h a m permits are becoming easier to obtain. O n
the other hand, grandiose government, overseas
projects seem on tho wane, at least temporarily.
All this should mean in (Teased DXpeditioning
in years to come, legs 1 ) X of the jiermanently-
stationed G.I- variety.
Any prophet* out there care to volunteer more
daring 1)X predictions for the ^upeneseventies?
What:
The »hort-tercn 1070b prunajtat ion outlook of oounr,
in for souring con<tttionn on the higher band*, particularly
on 10 and 15- Voij iJon't ueed a quart* ivphore to be cjiiitc
sura of thi« — any teo^ywold hat it itatiau log trill da,
Canvmiely the lower freqU«uri<* become mure interesting
ami populated. VIVNttiirt thenerr DX yr»r with a spectrum
iiwfrttttan uf 3.6 tttrmifili 7.3 M3U, » ratip^ of gr«&t Interest
to aeekm of AKR[/s highly covetM five-Band 1>X CVa-
tury Club ciprtffioation. . , .
AJT\ CW. reported to " H o w V by W» IIJAL 7BE 8YCR
^ ^ wf a n v z sdjit, wa* iwro ukz ^bhj
3GYT, Wife 4LAL 6VVS and VDHHO, U full of CEi 11JR
SABv (701 r LUii JMUO riMT, hfg <m 1»AF W a, CM*
PR ffi) J, FV Ui) HA (ft) S3, JSV (1H) COs 2BB ft.
2DC 2KW/4 (41 4, SVQ (5) 3> 3Btf QPtf (11) 4, ttPP (7)
+ 7S6&-B tVeafc Lawrance Ave., Chicago, 111. 60056.
OH0NI offers your QTH of Hi* Month, a widely worked
ham outpost in th® misty, snowy blonds of Aland. Sigurd
regularly rolls up wfiopplng AKRL DX Contest scores from
these remote diggings. (Photo via WA1KQM)
January 1970
23, 88M (3) 8, CRs 6AI (6) 20, 7IC (U 4, CTb H<W (27)
H, 2AT (4) 8, 3AH C30i 0, CXs 1BBV (B) 10, SCZ (4) O.
8CZ (8) I, abundant DK-DJ-Dl*, UMn 2AEF <3fN 3,
2\YM (37) 3, 5C35L 2BJ[) 3BB (7) 4. 3GL <4) SrtTA
(IV) 3l'E (IS) 4, 4AJX! (10) 4, 4TO (2U 4, 4VKTJ (13) ft,
Will (6) 5PL 68AK fl) 2, EA^tflM 4IH (27) 6, AUM
U0) <li 2K,7<;i <23) (i, BVT, <25* (till) 1-Y,
8FJ (5) 7, 8*0 (12) 0. <JWI KIm fiBW lAl 7B95
(10) KP2HQ, RT3UBA (181 1-4, a dose* FK inrrndlnR
FC»7»TO U> l» t XX f3l)
0, Iffran ClH (»0i 0, DA, plenty of flu, GC9VA1V Ui
JBX (2) tf, JXH(2)a2,OU (71 I, I'KY tth 23. HSH
(l^i; tt. GM3x l^KH (7> 2, XUV il) 0. CW^s A « V (4) 23.
BQY ( W fl, ^ P (2> 23. JI (3i 22, KUY f"6) fi, MpB (J 2)
#p (MY i3) 15, TOW (19) UUK (4> 4t WJ*U (fll IIAn
1KB (9) tf. 3KWA 2( 61JL f27» fiUX (11) 4, 61 fA (»4)
3, fiira (27) 'A, flKAP (8> 1, fiKf'H f2fl) 2, 5KKZ riKJ 23,
5K1X; ftfj 2, 7LU 7AI1> (21 4, HUB (71 1, HKVX (22)
8(fU 8VM m 2J, IIB9» AAQ <I0l ADtl 4, AGC 3, G
N8) 3, KC MB) 4, Mil 4, NL (20) 3P1-U (24) 0, QA 4, <iN
&J (61 XI. «, Z HOn 2CW5't m \ 2RK (72) K,
IHii 7JAIP (4) J 2, 81J A F <36) 4, IIKm 3BRU <H)ff,4MX (6)
3H, SANK, HMliiS 20,11F1TF (fi) 6, lis AMI AMTJ <1) II,
A8E BAY f n 22, Pitt (6) 4. ROA (HI) 4, HVl (20) 2? VAT
(8) 23, £KV (331 2, ITIAOA '*) JAn J ABA 1(MK TCjAX
IftNA ffi) 1WWI (1J) 12, 3hVU 3UI BKVX, JDlYAB
(«> 7f JIITBUK (12) J2, JXSITi (2) 22, KHts AU AM (6)
HA (26) KBQ <;BK (15) 10, QK (Jfil 9, KL7a AKE (tti
1R fl, KP4« AjN (8) 10, OA flOj IP, C^HT (271 23. DFA
17) 2, l>WF HW (23) J. KV4FK (Hi O, KZB» ])K 3. FC Jl
(51 1. IB (40J 11, Kl Km ft, KN (27) LA» 2h 23,
fiQ (1) 23* COL liyj 21, 7FJ (11) 6-7, TV <() A, M P (3)
TAJ6ADU (lAi 1, KZii 1DB (30) 2, tKAM (2} 1, IKMl,
(11^ fi. 1KRH 2H, 1KHN (6) <1, VIUlL («» O, «KOO Ul>
2KSC1 (7) 2, MP4TAQ (7) 2, OA4s W (5) O, ZF, OUSfrX
14) M , OKn lUFW T23) 12. 4tiX\V 2t 4VP 6GM <21) 32,
SMIL (24) 3t 6KZ 4, OHa IAD 2A(1 H4) 1, 2MB (4i
23, 3X2 (3) 23, 5^1-3 (S) 4, 6UX (8j 1, OKk IALQ (11) 2,
1AOC rim 4, IAQV no) 2, 1ATL (241 2, 1ATZ riU> 4,
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I PA IT (3) 21,1 MAD 1MVK (10) 5, 1NB fim 4, 1TA (241
J. (VQ (5) 2, 2B1T ffti 3. 2BOB <8) A, ttra (16) 2, 2ZU
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8KAG (33J 4-fi, ON* 4IF f2) 7^1, 4NQ (6) 4( 6FG f4i 21,
6KP MUj 4, fiOv <6) 0,5VW (2) 81 (60) l«2 P OZslW
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MIX (3) 1, PAte ABM (12) Q, AUV (3) 23p RK (5) 4,
KKA (16J 33, TA 20, PJ2P8 (1ft) 6V PYx (HDY (IB)
23, 1U1N (5) O, 1DMQ 0> 1GD (23 ) 23, IHJ (2) 3, I N 1 ^ '
2AHE (0) (I. 21 *FR Vh&R2\<XD (12) 30K1)
tt, 7AZQ (14) 4, 7AZrR (40) B, 7A«W <6) 2S. 7BBX. (10)
S, 7B1 >X (15) 5, TEC <61 4, 7PU (3) 0, 7RY (6) 0, PZls AV
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3DH (1ft) 4, 2KC 0, 6KAK 0, 91K •KUA 9WL (23)
n( UfijbEU (6) 2, IB (1) », IK (4) 2, KKO (261 2-3,
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t o m a k e v o n r ^ M i l n l i X b a y w i u l « i h o s e nunapota « f a i n ^
OMv, '

K r / c i b l I , 1 I C 2 G G / 1 ( 2 )2 , HI7J%fPt flPJfl I E (11) 3 t

W h e r e :
X O I 1 Z 1 A B , i A » I V T T 4 B V I U J D 1 Y A B 5 ) 14-15
J I I 1 J P B J 5 > 11. i i m i ! ? ) 1 . M M A L 5, JK.P4AN ( W
A S I A — I m u U H L I u i i w t i n o w d o e s b u a l n c s s t r a i l e r th<!
i. a d d r e w R a d i o U n r i r t y o f I r a n .
a V A A V K J ) , fcM«nat H n m o h H n x Jcmiil A P n v
Capt. K . tUnia
Vork,
092M O O f l L X Q B L ai-1^ K 4 T » J • T W
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KP 5, P F , O D 5 L X , O l f a V 3XZ. tvo O K ; M i f l U with <>U5AIJV QHUnji i n addition t o tht
n n r t h p lAw O N S h V \ V ( 7 )2, W V (fil 3 , O Z B 2 X
i P A t f A A C B R M C O L I.V O I K K L T
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D O M , opwat/wr » t K A > » S N Y a n d 7 U A I J J ^
Watts'a V # W A 1/ « ! « c n e t a m e w l y « 0 0 y i 4 A
N K i i t / n c o i T e d B t a t c e i d e Q H L s r e t i i m t Kellecal

O D 5 1 X , long a Ufaanon DX landmark, lately entortamf

Rve-Band DXCC hunters n o a r 3507, 3527, 7003 and
7027 kHz, also o n the low ends o f higher bands. Ted
a l r e a d y h a s 3 3 , 0 0 0 U . & A . c o n t a c t s in hfs l o g .
(Photo via K4TSJ)

QST tor
IIB5WJ ts a consistent DX performer from the Ukraine with impressive homemade apparatus. George prefers
sideband or cw on 15 and 20 meters with a 3-element quad. (Photos via K4CFB)
O C E A N I A — "I-lefti* 1i*t me a* QBJ« manager for
V K b B M from ,1 June 21 W C rwftMf* KttTWT.
fl.a.Bie., or t.a,e, >T it-h IHCB, for optimum resultn , _ , ^ .
"Kindly notify your reader* that 1 am not VKPKJ'a Q8I.
manager," instructs VV4HJK at the receiving end of many
miascnt oarda „ Long Island D X Aavociatjon's Z^A"
reveala C21JWa fondnem for stamps — hint, Lint
.. Weat C W /JX reporta that KHttNR/
Kure pentonnrl discovered iv flock of K I J 6 K U Y IOJJTK on the
island, record* thtvt could help turn out Nnmo lone; overdue
Kur* rontirroationa.
O U T H A M E R I C A — 11 Effective September 1, 196W,
S I atn CJHL manager for VPfia K H nod K M , eon Ray
and mother Gladya, of Port Stanley," reeorda K7KJLUL
Bob's correct addretm appear* in the, apring 'fiM Cft/ftoofc
and thereafter W A U ' H U point* out that Uru-
guay now hearken* back to it* old CIV prefix oceaninmtlly.
E,ir„ C W 3 B U ecjuala cfXaBFf. P X veterans of th* Itt!W*
will enjoy a familiar rmp , - , ^ . - YcnesurlVa 4M prefix
still wrinkles many a brow. QfiL via K< -V unlf-Mt otherwise
clewed.
jnJROPK — G C t f I T Bays Radio Society «.f Clrrat.
E J Brttain'a U 2 V S talk* up a pomihlp prefix pattern for
Channels differentiation. C j might represent Jersey, Leu
Ecrehoua and the JVlinqMiew, while G U could go for Liuem-
fley. Herm, Aidemey, Kark, Jetbou, Uhou, Hreehou,
Rurhnu, Ortac. the Caaqueta and Douvfe Korku
" N o more cards via me for U 2 X , " plead* V 4 N J F . " N o
logs for over a year." .. . . r _ " V E I A B J is nut tnatiafrinjt
JX2bir Q B W ' rlarifie* V K l A C U . "Andy previously
offered hi* aervxee* but received no log# *traiuwripts." - _„ _ . ^
" I ' m doing Q 8 L chorea for K2lXP European travel*/'
confirm* K 2 M M B . "HL3ZO apparently la willinft
and able to HI* tip raro old U.fLBJt. Q81*," nbaervn
K 4 C I A . °Rven helped me reaurrect a t l N l A K eard for a
1960 Q 8 0 I had jriven up on year* ago. For hia troubles
BLttftO tv-ill accept old Cntthookn, Q8L directories etc.,
which hearns quite resJonabW * _ Boy Ifrnuta uaed
special Finland prefix 013, as in OJ3tiUFp during October's
Jamboree, according to D X ATeifa-MA*/.
January 1970
1 J E R E A B O t f T S — Caribbean call ,aign rnmplexitim are
I T ernsipinp: up. \VM;V\V tejitifipm , KV4FZ, for «hom J
^am Q S L manager, atill holdn a valid license for the iral!
V r a v l . It haa, hovrevrr> hfH-n to a nvw ov»n«»r who
ha» it*it ana^rrrd my offers to manage (^HI* for him. Thua
f svill au*w"r eanla only for during April, 1UN0, the.
period for nhich I haw \oph.1t I*X tam fhn
new V M V 1 aa J, tfuahUv, P.O. Bo* 76, Turtola, Hn V.L.
and formerly M FMBIIK W1HWX fowarda a
note from Y E S K ^ V itatlnp he >ia«i wipnrd thecal! W 0 M J
Jn January of '68. The tri?t or previous VP2MJ, ftill liated
in rt^cht VaUhonkrt, can he reached Himiiph K 3 I I G X
. ^ , . ^ - Too rapid ahufflinjf of Y1J2 lahela also ia reflected
in other liatinjia. For exaiiTpie, a new VI*5?KQ appeanvin the
catalog to follow " A « of Navnnher ft, I960,-
K0G3SK In my QriL ioanatfer u
for ft/K/VK/VOa only/
nftirma V P 7 N H . „ , ^ . - M y local buriAii received a t»atch
of uatcrfojHred QSJ.a from En^dand'a H8CH, all clu^i trv.
tfKfcher and illeffililn4" notifiea YHlXtK-UVXV. "They
canuot be Kuuwered, eo I n^ueat eaeh uner of KWJBa
bvrvicr vkho liaa aent but not received a card from me to
tti'Tid another. Q8La can gn via tny mana^r, WB4B0J«
or direct to UBAF Heetron, AFO, New York, N.
or (for non-V\ /K / V K / V O )
(*J88»,
U.a, Kmbaeay, Pan Halvador,
HI HaTvarlor, VM* pontage is okay pfeare n«e a.a.a.e.,
and irivo QSO time in Greenwich Mean otily. I've lodged
more than 20,000 QKfip in two yearn, so Frao and 1 are
often a little behind in our GHL cbonm." ... Yea
pity the poor QSti tender, 1V7JAC receive*! a blonfi-*perked
n.a,s,e. back from 1 \ K 8 A B N i\ith the rnrnmont, "Juat
about cut off mv tongue aeatins your envelope* Yuu-uukl11
From VEIAcrir: "While I waa V02AVV-XH8AVV
in Labrador f a e M aa A R R L V VQ2 QH(i Bun-ait. (;oone
Hay .\mateur Radio C-luli does the job nnw as listed in
(til?1, but I atifl receive earda foT other V02s via my old
addn«a. By the way, 1 have pk^nty of V02AW-3BHAW
(jSfjt for thoMn aMll in ne^d/' , ^ . . . ^ Northern California
1>X Club now mna the ARHT^ QHL bureau braneh for
Sixmen. "VVBa A O I KKl NTU, Kfo K Q N YG8, WArta
A l i F UKW, V\BKQ1>C and K4BVI>/b ace directly in-
volved in the avalanche. I fur rah for the Man Oiego D X
Club panic* too* for their recent Htout labor* on that front.
Do you support vow local bureau uith authcient a.aui.e.7
"QKLPTB nf the Month" CR3KJ-). C T I O K .
1>.I1Q1\ D l « 1AM 1YA tfBEA, E A S H W , Y M M U KOT'Cl.
F(.57XX# G3a H Z L XfiA f CK^fiAKT. (IWfc N X YQ.
HBUb XVtt X V W . HLttKg, II1MIK, JA1VX, J(lla C X Q
VOB, K U 0 A K O , KliftHP, KL7JDO, K F 4 B B N a f.AHAI*'
O K * 1 A U I tAf»Q 1XW 3KQ 3KU1, PZ1AU, HMKHTT
rtVlCJH, T ^ W L B T T O i l A A , VHsaVffiTH, W a 4 V P D / K C 4
SOB, VVAa 31IUP ^KSQ 5(iFS 5 K T B and WHRABN,
are ftaluted in lftffowfaM curri-t<tK»ii(impe from 1IJAL
1BWX 8 Y G R , K S D H T . AVAa ll-IIU fl»QY and VKSCJUO
for QBL punctuality above and beyond the line of duty.
Any potuot raateboard puahera noted out yoitr way?
. - - ' A l p f W C B Z X can't run do^n *hc T M W K O of
a few years back. VVA^J^R wanta data on K^PC/mm,
and V K 2 D K J needs on 6W8GE and UfllBAI* Any
•alp? - WAa 2V1VG and 3 I I M K volunteer to i n -
form an QBL managera foT buay buys at the D X ^ud.
PY2BJH sweated out Q S O s with at least one U & A .
Novice In every state and shows us these QSLs fa prove
ft. " I very much enjoy working W N s on 21-MHz cw,"
writes HerciDa "Novkes should watch for me almost
nightly at 2300-0100 GMT on 21,125 kHz.! tune the
whole band far answer* to my calls.11 [Photo via W t YYMJ
85

GC0HT keep* Guerrway If le handy vta voice and eock on
3.5 through 28 MHz with this potent layout
at St. Pater Port.
FRICA — A2CAF*s QflL rcpiwisitativo a* oi Heptffmbrr
A . TA, 1 WW, in W4NJF, or a.ft.is with JRCs rerfui-
sitc. (Jay discontinue* am QKl, manager for 7Q7LC b*>rtuuw
of liaison loan . . . . on hand for M/2J-KM!J
date from June vv 1&68, to February 14, lUift," apprises
VVB2WOU Those Vlfie u^rt- tM2» uelebratina
Zambia'* trfth Mt*tih tuuuvctsary, miiiixeH mi change I.
That is, &1&RB iaWSttUt , . _ Beforerhwkinjt out thn
month's individual address recommendations ought to
point out to DXing newcomers: When patronising QflL
managers. for direct. rrply inehid* i*r h^l-, uith
IRCs wboxi appropriate, This is only fair •s'hen asking
postal reaponse from anyone, for that matter, £o far a*
"HowV* puatai info is concerned, tve normally have upacp
only for u*ta uot available in thn CtUtbook, hist mint may
be repeated evpry nix months or m* when evidence to hand
indicate* the information frtill valid- Keep in mind, too.
that ire cannot vouch for an item's brinir neoemuily
complete, acctufetttand "official". , . ,
OE9AF, Box 161, La Oiatema, Santiago* Chile
C2X61>J, P.O. Box 966, Montevideo, Uruguay
DIJ4VA, MatOomEuV ili8M0), AK*. Hew York, N . Y„
(WOW*
DL0» RG RCA (via I>Ja 2TK or SAP)
« x - D X 1 A A V - S V 0 W P 9 L. Eialer, V4AAV, 0331 H\V 158th
Ht„ Miami, KIa„ 0*157
EA6BN, Box H4. Palm* de Mallon-a, Haiearin la.
FR7ZO, G. Zitte, Box 4, Bt, Clotilda, ftnuaion la.
IIL9VLr CWO P. Anton, Ifq. & A Co., 4tb Maint. Bo,,
APO, ftm. Francisco, Calif., tftft68
IIR6JB, Roatan is.. Honduras
HU1P-Y81XEE (WP trxt.)
IT1SEZ, & Amenta, via Nebrodi 44, 90J44 F»alermo, SiHty
JlilVOE, K\ Nakamura, ti-23-7 JJonkomaKonie, Bxrakyo-
k»u Tukyo, Japan
K2BtjI/GR6 (via VtA3HUP)
K2IXP/F0/IIB/PX (via K9MMR)
H-KA2JB, J. Barkow, £4G-B Grand av.» Lung Beach,
Calif*, UCHEfOS
ex-KX6CI1 -CNRG1I, W. I M n p r , W8PEY/I, M«
Bigelow Bt,» Marlboro, Ma**,
MP4a TCE TG8, via BRS-»HH!2, 1 Crove rd., Lydney,
Citos, OM6 ftJE, Kngland
OH3KW/OUI (to OHSKW)
OX3W0, % P . a Box 73, 69(10 Nyboi>t Denmark
PJ2PS, Box 2SU. Curacao, N.A.
PZ1DII, Box mia, Paramaribo, Surinam
TIJ2CO, B.Pr 181Abidjan, I w y Coaat
ex-VOMW-3B2AW, 1>. WnllinH, VbitAC^U, X* Hhmrood
dr., E, St. John, N.R., Cana<la
VK9BM (via K6TWT; see text)
VP3a DAN DAO VP (Via VE3DLC)
VP2KO, Koyal HiKnaU Radio ^nci^ty. bFP<l 64K, CIPCi,
London, Kn^land
VP3a MJ VI faee text)
VP9ED» Box HW, Governors Harbour, Eietithera, Baiiamaa
VPS* KM ICR (via K7RDH)
W0I2O/KL7. Bea Hood, ^ (JKCG Radio, Ketchikan^
Xlaaka VtftiOJ
W0VRN/KS6, fi. .rohnaon, Dept. of fidueation, Pa^o
PaffOii.iW, Kainoa, UA920
WA1JIV/KL7, 6206-1) Kndiak at.. A m fcteattlc, Wash,,
WIS7
WA2IKP/KS6, J. Cerar# P.O. Box 788, Pa#o
Samoa. UfflftO
WA5VYi/mm, J. Tarry, Ku* Lykisn* PXi, Box 1U46S,
New Orleans, La., 70110
WP4DIIV, Box 3623, Ponce, P,R.
WV40J, Box 7Kf), Chriatianated. fit, Croix, V.l.
XE2PIS> Box 407, Merieali, B.C., Mexico
YAlCJ/mm (via WA7LFP)
86
YN1MG- Al, Svrink4 P.O. Hf>x 2<WT» Manaetu^ Nicaragua
4X4a CW CY Q t Sfc SO Uf, VU WP (via WBSMTOIT)
4Z4a AQ IIP HG (via WBSWOU)
5V4JS, P.O. Box 7A3, Atakpame, Togo
A2CAF fvia W4NJK) OlSSUP (via OUHN^O
(31 CO (via K^UME) PJ0GW (via W 1FJJ)
CJPICF (via UtlAKi) TA1NG (>iaDJ^U,n
CP5FK (via CT6FH) ex-TA2BK. (to 1U0UJ)
C3W3BI1 fseu text) TF2WLN (to WA3BZO)
CX4CR (viAiUUJl TPjWT/SfviaWASHTB)
IIJ60T/CT.H (via W2i SH K) TR8MG (via W3YY)
11J0VI (via K2M M K) VP2EUU (to VB»KUm
G5ANX (to ^YA3MEQ) VP7NH fan-text)
GB3SB (viaGKOU) WWLE/4X (via U'HANN)
GJJMPJ (via F2UQ) 9US4DC (via UK3PM)
HCKMP (via 1K*KN) 4M1A (via W2GHK)
ITtfETN (via ARL) 4M6A (Bf^ text)
r r i P L T (viaWaAiz^ M I T A (via GavCT)
KG4UC&X lvia K^BPP) 5B4ES (vialtiULi
KC4DS(via\'ti3RYNl 5Z4KO (to M38LOT
TJ2X (aee t^t.)
M i l (via I I G A J j ) (via KyKLR)
ex-MP4BIIK (see t n t j 7Q7LG (act- text;
OD5AP (viaK4Tyji 915RB (ai*ci tvxt)
Dragnrt for the prcc^lmw tidbito toui W« 1BHT LOW
lUAh IHWX MUX 4YOK nHZK tftiTK tlUHV
3VC.1R t»nv 91jNQ, K^ ;iCUI 41X 41W. WAa IMltr
SNDL »SQYt WBb ^^Vb) 4EPJ 4ML yf'JK, r2QQ, VGs
lAi'UJ 3GHO, Columbus Ajnat^ur Radio Association
OAHAacop* iW8ZCQ), DARC'a IjX-MB <DL3ttK), t>£
A W ^ W fG. Watts, Bellmorv H, ? Nonrieh, Mnr.
7£.Tt Enplnml), Far Krwt Auxiliary Radio Tongue iMj
.Veil'* i'KASUi), florid* I>X ciuh /JA' i.M4F80)v
IntemaMnmal Hhort Wavu league Monitor <A, Miller,
Warn-nrd In,, Sc-Uy ^>ak, Kirminxtuim tfl, Kngland),
Japan 1 )JC Radio Club ButMin UASUD, Newark News
Radio Club HulUUn <J. fJcien, U82U Maiatmll ot,4 BeUwoo
111., 601O4). North Eastern IVX Asmriatlon i^X Au^Hn
(KlTMP), Northern <*alifomia DX club /JAer iHox
OCA, Menlo l*ark, Calif., ^40261. Southern California DX
Ctub BvtUhn (WA6GLD), (JBA'a un the Aft (OM4AD),
I>Xpr**m (PAtta FX LOU TO VDV WWD and We
CimatDX Bulletin iWAeAUlJ). Got something we mfw>d?
Ship it along, OM.
ffhencts
T?UROPE — Tlw new year'a nofttcat parade la uff with
P i * bangl RKK (FVanee) invitea your plcasurp in thr»
(H70 Freneh Contest to run few) front January 31st to
February l«t at 1400-2000 GMT, and (phone) February
2«f.h to March l«t, same Mm en. Knehaniput (he u»u&1 R8
or RK'iyjOl, X^TfK'2, etc., «<rvaL, three points are turned
pt.T contact %> ith French or French territorial ataMona
ttie&tf) QHl) points tii l>»- riiriUlplied for final netirr by Lhe
number of band^departinenta and hand-iJt'K-oniintilea
Elected lFa append department and DUF numbers to
their tallaixns)- Viork a4 of tJtm 42 hours available, break-
ing Tip the miminins eight hours into nn more than three
rest periods. For poauible j»orformanv*; n-rtilication ship
^our rrfsuits to BHlK Boulevard dc Bercr 90^76, Pari* 12,
France, aa suuii a* possible or snriner. We see that W2MEL
and KITYK/WS ted MM. ^triea in the '(W Kreft^h affair
on cw and voi<re respectively, VK2AKC.* turnrd in a«pcr^
Ocular tihottH l<>tSi too. F3C>V ramed top homeland code
honnnr, VrfKW the a*mo on vuiee , ^ ... "Bear island's
AV1CT is wvirfcinK ^ith an ^T HX-fiUU on ew and a*b/'
confirms his QPh TO, I.A9H1. . U J t ^ P racked up
more than 2600 W /K contacts on various bands and mode*
vthilemgninft GC5AET on Guernsey last summer
"KAflBP must be aM t\*vr D&cr,*1 euac«<tes W9DY« "Sa
I wa* his tiTwt \V. Kb'fRF learns that Altx
of LZ2KB1 -m* rowing rliampion of Bulgaria in the early
'tiOs, participating in several international competitions
GM3P0K hunts for San Francisco friends with
a 4ti0 and 2-t-fement rotary nn ^1-MHi ssb , . *
WA1FITU visited OH2BK/mms Mttfttjiujr ham »hack
tvhen the latter docked at Boston. Isti also bears by mall
from YK2PU, annther merchant mariner who goes fox
QRQ civ rax chettn. other Cfmtin«-nt*l culling* from
WAIb'HU's notebook: GliJJEX manned promotional ex-
hibition station GB&JB at HoUyvrood, Enaland, recently.
. . , GB2F0C nas a special chih banquet installation
in London %-ith W4ZMS KlHiJH, ODftLX and
anions those attendincc. . , . GW6YQ l>Xperim*nts auo-
cmsfully on 20 cvr with loop antennas. , „ . GftRV tried
UA. tunUP 4SOa at HK3RO'* QTH. , . . K&YV3EZ now
ffUn* YK7BZC. x > . i)ldUme Hunjcary QSIJ mana«ei
HA5HIT joined Hilent Keys. . • . SV^VOO haa a uen
aNT. and 8V0WN N rigs a mini-beam to ro wi th an on-nrdej
SB-2(X) WB2IBD was lucky enough to j*isn s
f«- w Bwedtw svhile BM5BMJ was visit in* his shank in Octobe
WSIINK's friend CTIUE looks fur C&Ufondi
for
QBOs around 3l,SlR kHs at 3000 G M T or ao tells KwKUK, "111 try to see what can he done concerning
Small O X world, indeed, GSAlKR's Med cruise ship tied up porible licensing as a ftX5/' . . . F2QQ (3VSAA)
alongside 0S Hope in Timis laat ffimraer, The latter'* radio- lists JV8AL as vrry active on 20, »V8AB likp^ise for a
man turned out to be KlM/ AT tf whom Bernard had QHOd year or so. £*• TU2AK also is stations) \u Tunisia axvait-
tna AVH rrrdentlals * Workeii AH »outh West
a couple of year* earlier 1 Tliftt Jan Mayen photo in
Africa is a fresh diploma available to DXerw irho can
September '09 QST certainly brings hack memories," muies prove contact with hvn ZS3B8 urges a spew rhr^k
WA7BGZ. " I spent 370 coiwecijtivr days there in Idfi^'ttt v.ith Branch Hrrn^am South African itariio iMffUc. t'.Q,
*tandin* wvtch an a dUVkW tjnrnu-C transmitter. That's Ho* 1100, Winillioelc, A t t . A . Via the clubs
probably some sort ui record for au American. The code press we learn that KK7s 7M and 7AJ are mentioned in
euuw* 1 took on J resulted in my becoming an amateur/1 oonjunetioQ with Kuropa thIp radiations, VRTb Z l ' and
ZL with Bassaa da Emiia action, and FR7ZG ^ith Oo»u>rna
Bill jumped from the icehoi Into the oven —• he now dcnnics. Abo that KH8CD enjoys the holidays home at
writp* from Thailand , _ Holland's VKZA, ttwt P2M, and that Supeiyus, VV4BPU, plans rjoin« his annual
Box lf>Q, Groningert, offer* a Worked All \ hitch Province Miffing tliina, another VQB-VfJM awinff.
certification to OXers who can prove just that, There U O U T H A M E R I C A — Radio Club of Orana pn-vince.
are eleven with a wild d e u u i * Q u i t e a vara on thp CJ (Vlombia, holps cutehrate the 4(101 h anniversary of
principality i>f Bealatiif in the September 15th 'Wall Street
Jotvml nailed to our attention by K8NPU. That's the Ocaaa nity^s founding with a ]0~throUffh-40-meter radio-
country owned and operated by one Roy Bates, a man* t^lephnnr tert- activity on January* iJlith through February
made concrete and steel "nation" just off Ifaglaiuf* east 1st, Most, of the sport ^vili be in Spanish, Tho** int<?mted
coast, Roy V unofficial broadcast station is widely knows can zip to Club dv HadSoahriana^ios de la Pro-
bot w* haven't yet heard him oil 20. vincia dc Ocana, Apdo, A^rm 19. Ocwia. N . Santander,
C.'nlonibia» for cntnplete details, CRP0*s otticers include
r \ C E A N I A — C2M.IW, CRBAt, FOSBS, Ks 62VIVVZ/KH0 HK^s NK ores,, NC v.p„ BKO treas> ami KQ.1 secy,
KJ 7JOA/KK6, KC6s C T JO RT, KGttAia. KH6s P Y 2 B j l f works all thoftp cw W - K A ' E s with
an 11T-32, T4-X, R4-A and cCnU-r-fcd tuned doublet
" V P B K R is workable on 10, 16 and H^meter
cw wtd declares K7KDII, "RayV wuitbrr is V W K A I
7FA MKS, Vfc* If/ 2CC _2FT 4EK P ' YJ8WJ, Z l * 1QW hut not too active." They'i* Kaiklands folk
1TZ 2ACP 2NV 3QN, 5Wls AD AH aud AH are among " C P i f J F of La Pas is popular with the 6B-DXCC cmwd
those listed on t h e ? aeillo 1JX N*t roster. Net secretary ou -10 aud 80 vkith an Inverted Ven. ffT-46 ami
KHtKvtU weloome* i-heck-ins Tuesdays and Fridays, aay* VVfiAFf. "Ulrek alsi^ lias a TH-H aiul two-nlement
0000-lUUU G M T . on 14,265 klfs, and don't forget hte- iinarl on 10, 15 and » / 1 ttAlKHTF hears that
DXNet'a QUO party on the 3rd of this month, 0400-1000 PY2DEH iex-HA6fJ) audtLU4HC<> <n-ifA2G) meet for
G M T , between 14,200 and 14,270 kHs , „ ZK» 1AA au old'tiaahioned Hmiftarian eyeball QSO now and then
and 2AE * k * l temptingly on 3860 kHs with earner a-m . t'KtfKO fttAU gtrU owr to Juan Kernandef nn-
at U63U G M T ZJUlBN/a is said to be a multihaiid i^sionally sans QSOs lu NCHXOV DXfr we
powdhittty from Bnares isle. see that 9Y4AA (WOBHY) sootns as hi&ii as 2^5 QBOs
S I A — " J C A » N Y U operated at present by WA8KTA per hour during mintpst mayhem.
A L and myself," pens wA9L)GM, " W e us* HO, 10 and
10 mostlyv with some 40-meter operation during the winter.
I J K R E A B O U T S — Any and all UXf-t* invLterl to
L i ^ro in on this year's tt'wt Ooa5t H X Convviition
A variety of brand-name gear feed* a T-ftlifs dipoic, billed for January and February 1st in 1'Vesno, au
a 19~tfieroent lo&-periodio and T I M for higher bands. annual DXpIcaion nponi|urild jointly by Northern and
1 eipevt to H* in 4*pan for another two or three yrant* Southern Caiifomia D X Clubs. < ^hairmau V» « A U A alrwiy
Bnipfl for another year or two," , "Within the has lined up a staretudded program with munh more in
next oouple of weeks i improvement* will hn tnade in re- store. Check immediately with Frank or SC OXC treasurer
ocmnff And transmitting eiiuiymtatt here," informs KLuVi*. WtK^ti for full attendance info Clipper ton inland,
*T11 be quite active on 15/ , "YAlCJ/inm is on Nortli AmerrRa'ii answer to £urope*s Albania,
the Kyoto-Baiaon ntn,' finds WA7LPP. "Igor works his
4
rcer hotter as a fiXpeditionary topic- France cuutinuvs
l>X with 100 watts and a vertical.'* . "CIMKF to play her cards C J O S A on this on^, TIOTEUTIAL tourist trade
ncpceteri to be back in Singapore by Christmas/ reports 1
notwithstanding tells W4YOK that a
W l t f G T . "Mike hopes to reactivate his former UVIIJU French ham puts ant cw signals there for a arowina govern-
and UM2MA eails while spwdinfl most of 1970 in the »rif«nt installation 4<J1I be active from Ctreenland
orient/' "VHOAL is said to be windinfl up Hontf
for two years," promises OX3WQ (OZ6WCi)- " M y ri
Ktvnft affairs for return bo G^Iand," mentions VV8VGB- is an lTW-100, tny wtenna a t ^ A V Q pltis dfpoles forB
WB4EPJ obsers-es, "Thp avrmae power of all fi.ftand7MHs," VW1ACU records, "HPyW/mua,
those JAs on 10 ew seems to be about 20 watts. JHlVOtf VHIIAHJ operatins, is research vessel Vema in the ^witern
has a real Uoeklmator. though, the tatronMt J a p a n s north Atlaatie heading slowlyfcowarrlftfouthAfrica. Andy
Mi«nai I've heard on the band so far/' VVAWjQV says should be back in NPW Vntk by summer/9 E*-
Kojin is just as potent on 15 and sreka only New Mexico
to wird up a quick W A S K a s t c n i addenda courtesy PXlAAV-8V(WP-W8fTTG. now "\V4AAV, retires to a
Literature oE clubs uid groups: JD1YAA'* JA8KV departs Klorida antenna farm after 33 years with Uncle tan
Minami Torishima (Marcus) but a replacement should . ^ , , . ^ ' T t l be hack on 60 o,w- froru Montserrat again
be workable on 20 cw, , . . VS6DR ntHI aims at the itiia year," ituarautees VKHRVW in Unes to VV1HWX
Spratleys* and AF2M d threatens more K. Pakistan action* KrW^tfH and KL7JDO polished off WAMQY's
. 7 . Ktt«a AG UK UK. A X Bli El BU BY and BV trail WAH, l>ave pTcdits a irood number of foreign amateurs
KRStiA's 100/195 countries in that uftler amonx th* v:ith bHfier command of Eoshsh than many the W/Ks
Okinawa HadLo Club D X pack. KR8* AG UU and UU they QSO. And not only the < in . _ . . „ < Wllcr of th*
t\tn oae-two-bhrco in &B-DXOC «M>rt*r , , , to or Month\ W W N K : if KV4KY - a QTH was struck by stray
renewed Far Bast Auxiliary ttadio T<pa^rie membersliips Ughtmtifl while he was nn the air. Knocked out his antenna,
gvi to KA /s BU (WSO(U>. KL (KfiLLK), IIP (K7VYRJ.
4 gTHr, "tOi and nearly did Lea in. He's rrooverintf hut still
7 j (KH6JJ), M U fWTCMXI). HC (WAAION), StJ TWA5- off the air/' W A I K H V , despite lack optimal
HBI}» H'M (W'AaSRYi and WtfVOM. skyhooks on 40 and SO, isn't *oo far from fiB-f>XCO
status, How's vow frtistratin^ 500 coming alonis? < .. ..
A F R I C A ~ " Z f t S K fxpeota to be in the Gambia for two
A year*" checra K4TWJ. "Phil runs 180 watts aud
puts through a Rood signal near 22,300 kHs around 2100
GMT/ 1 "Spent a w m t afternoon and evening scratchy matter of f)X Q&O managers and the ir
at TU2BA/ 1 W4FRU. Had a ball surprising the is ar«u«d in depth by a recen t Florida D X Club D X i M
Ktateeirie uang with Ivory Coast anawcrs to their CQs/' «-ditnrial,Kowdo jvouwelt? infiT •(
J3LftBt who hails from Curacao, brought a Cycnft
back to Liberia from his Bnrutwaai vacation. "Enjoyed
working oountr^ and many w/KsasPAuIH/'
As a remit of friendly liaison over the years W5QPX
finds himself a member of BAJtl/s Johann««hura branoh
5Z4B& moves to Kamjwla early this year and

KX6DC is the bustBng Eiaadquartari station of Hoi* Nam v r

Amateur Radio Club on Kwajaloln atoll. Shown hare, left
to right, a r « nwmbars K3NCB (KX6HA), WB2SXPf
WA3NFS and WA3LTY (KX6GI). Thorr DX chasing usually
takes a back seat in favor of priority phon* traffic
exchanges with the mainland, a service highly appreciated
by MarihatU notiham personnel far from home.
(Photo via W8PEY/1)

January 1970
A Night To Remember—
And a Morning-After, Too
BY JAMES G. (BUNKY) BOTTS,* K4EJQ
hf OK enthusiasts watch the weather maps
V
closely, Conditions looked right. ou Sunday,
Oct 5, iyfltt, A large cool air mass layered
Kastern UriA, from the Great hake* eastward tci
Maine. A warm low was advancing eastward
behind and riding over the fair, cuM high. ilain
was falling along the boundary several hundred
miles went of our luxation. Around Bristol,
Tennessee, the weather waa typical early fall:
cool, with mostly fair skies, and wni« high
scattered to broke)i layers of cirrus and cirro-
cumnlons clouds, later in the day.
Upon reaching our llolston Mountain rite,
which happens also in be our place of employ-
ment with a local TV Nation, I checked vhf
mnditions as Boon as I could. A radar reported
to be wmowhere in the Detroit is a good
tropo indicator Normally it is just uvw the
noise on 432, when il* antenna comet* around
toward me. Today it wag and when it swung
away reflections of the aignai could bp heard. A
careful listen on 144 and 432 turned up nn ham
signals — par for the course in these porta at
noon on a beautiful Sunday. So I spent the next
several hours puttering with, an antenna relay
for my 1296-MH* rig, which I hope to have
ready by next spring.
I checked the radar signal again at 5:30
fe)DT, and found it riH-plus, and another, even
stronger coining from the northeast* Several uhf
TV signals were coming in from the north,
along with familiar w beacons" aud MAKS vhf
repeaters. Still no answers to long CQs on 144
aud 432, until tf P.IL, when I joined a couple
of locals in a 2-meter phone ragchew. This
went on until ft: 15, when W8QLO, Livonia,
Michigan <420 miles!) broke in to say that the
band had been open to the «a»t from the Detroit
area all day. In fact., he told me that anine W2b
were calling me down the baud a ways right then!
I moved down the baud, swung the beam
northeast and with one short call brought the
band alive with stations calling me. In working
several Is and 2s in the next few minutes I
asked for cheHw on 432, but lieard nothing but
strong radar, until K3IPM, Philadelphia, called
on 144 to let me know he was going to 432.
We worked right away with good signals, but
no more was heard other than the ever-present
radar. So, hack to 144, aud several contacts
with the Norfolk area, and more pleas for tries
on 432. This must have worked, for at 8:15 T
* Route 32. Box 72, Brmtol. Tannewue £7620. OVB~Ktperfc
for October, l«fi9.
88
worked W2BLV, for my ttrst New Jersev 432
I I V
contact. Apologies to Al, K2UYH* with whooi
I've bmi keeping a 4311 aked without success
bince early summer!
1 worked 15 stations on 432 in the neat hour,
including KIIITV, Meriden, Connecticut, very
likely the tirst 432 communication between our
two states. He reported that W1VTU was
also heariug rue. These fellows are about UOU
miles distant, and new DX for m<» nu 432.
Switching back to 14-1 at U:15, to catch up
on the backlog of callers there, 1 worked about
2U stations in ft mil areas in the next 30 minutes
keeping one ear on 432, all the wliile. Seeing that
batid getting hotter 1 came back at 9:45, to
work VE2LI, .Montreal, my tirst Canadian i.m
432, and jotiil my DX for that bandj 730 miles.
Also, several New York and New Jersey stations
not previously heard, Someone warned me to
watch for VVA1JTK, iu New Hampshire, a
rare catch down this way ou any band.
titill more stations wem waiting for rae ou 2,
so L went un phone to work another batch, it
should be stated here that these fellows, while
anxious not to miss a chance at new states,
were courteous and helpful, standing by for
(jliP stations to get a shot at me. It sure beat*
what one hears an the hi' bauds when rare DX
pops upl
Back to 432 at 11 I'.AL, 1 worked VE2LI
Again, with much stronger signals than before,
and then WlAJR, in Uhode island, another
new state. Then finally VVA1JTK for flew
Hampshire, and what imiat be &uine kind of
mites-pei^watt rroftrd for 432 on an overland
path. Jim was running less than 2 watta output
to his 44-Hement W1IIDQ Yagi array. Who says
it takes power to work DX on 432? Jim peaked
ftbU, or better, over more than 700 miles I
Back on 145-MHz phone, for another pack of
1$ and 2s, and then to 432, for K2UYH, at last.
Having run skeds vwith A1 for so Long, J. tried
to photie him earlier when T heard the strong
radar, but my phone was out of older. It was
after midnight, now, but activity hadn't thinned
much. Vi£3DSJB (first from that call area) came
up for a short (JSO, and then on to 2 again for
a string nf with old friends like K1ABB,
W1JSM, W1VTU and W1KJ1I, who had been
worked long ago by the nusteor^catter route. This
wag something quite different—which befctna
to prove that good things mnu> to those who
wftit. (And stay active!) Around this time
WlMJfili was so strong on 2 that his signal
QST for
 ITIU /LOT J. >VR N RKAM N OIK- OKTTA QWT. RAN

F|gv 1 —Simple weather mops of A * Typ» commonly vsed In televised wwfter forecasts show the typical surface con-
ditions for long-distance vhf propagation. At the left a large high-pressure area covers the northeastern portion of the
country, with a weather front lying along a north-south path west of the Mississippi, East-west communication an 144 and
432 MHz was possible over distances up to 700 miles or so soon after this map was made, early in the morning of Oct, 5,
Conditions after 24 hours, right, show only slight eastward movement, but the high was stretched out to almost the
entire length of the Atlantic Seaboard, where it was to remain, almost motionless for two more days:

leaked through the coaxial w i t c h f use to switch
converter output* between the 43*2 and 144
converters I
At 3 A.M., K 2 D N K showed up, someone having
gotten him out of bed to let him know I was
coming through. We'd had many tries before
without success, so Sam didn't feel too badly
about the rude awakening for thin OUR!
By 3'J30 am. there waa not much ieft OIL either
the switch, with 2 meters still open. How much
longer thU of affairs held on I don't know,
though the rain didn't reach here until about
ttuou uf the 7th,
While it laated—and it lasted a very long
time — this was all quite au experience for one
who is often hard put to it to find anyone to
work, un either 144 or 4322
•I« ^mm

band, so I quit, but not before Barry, operating

\V1 MX> hiul made a trip up to Uut roof U\ switch
feediines to try tne on 432. N o luckv so atill nu
Massachusetts on 482,
Up again to sign on the T V Nation at 6:30
L found the northrewt. radar still nlmtig,
but no amateur signals until \V 1VTU wart
worked at 7:02. 1 asked him about Massachu-
setts activity — and the next station heard was
K1BFA, in that state. K I H T V billed me agum,
stronger thau the night before. 1 mentioned
that rny phono was out of order, and he called
the telephone company for nu^ LIow's that for
emergency traffic on 432?
On 2 at 7;45, I found many station* still
looking for me. i rtitspeut that there were some
"sick palls" that morning, as I had many good
ragchew*. On a contact with Carl, W2A.ZL,
we set up a noontime ^heck, and I wtiUnued
to work and & out LI about 10, when signals
began to weaken, atid [ closed down to natch
up on my work. A t 12:15 T called W 2 A Z L on
Bleed, and hack he camc, only slightly weaker
than he had been [our tunirs earlier. Soma of
hi» cronies were around, so I ^p^-ut a r«w minutes
with them, exnu*mg mynplf at 12:15 to make
one la«tt «hur*k before leaving for my other job
with a broadcasting station.
W4JVU, Onancock, Va., answered my last
OQ. Carl and 1 hail worked several times on
144 and HO we liad some notes to compare.
A t 1 P.AL f had to leave, and regrettably pulled
Weathmr Data, Courtesy of K1HTV
The superb conditions lasted much longer
than K4EJQ knew, the great inversion running
on for several more days and nights. Here is
more information supplied by UiuEiard Zwirko,
KHTTV ? with weather data from the Travelers
Weather Service, Hartford, Connecticut. Rich
b» an engineer on the staff of W T I C t the pioneer
broadcasting station operated by the Travelers
lusurauce Company,
A storm system skirted to form off the Southern
New Rngland ojast on Friday, Oct, 3. B y the
4th it was centered over Nova ricotia, and grow-
ing in intensity. Moving in behind this storm
was a ridge of high pressure, coming down from
the Hudson's Bay rogion to the Great Lakes
and the Ohio Valley.
The Hurface weather map for early on Oct. 5,
Fig. I, left, shows the cool dry high building
down over the whole northeast quadrant of the
nation. The map is the simplified form commonly
uned in Travelers Weather Service forecasts
over W T I C - T V and in many other T V weather
programs. Though pressure distribution and
froutul conditions portrayed do nob guarantee
longdistance vhf propagation, it is unlikely
that m d l y good vhf Lropu occurs without them.
The map for the fifch, right, shows only minor
difference*.
^uch maps provide only clues; the real business
is done at temperature and humidity disoonti-

Jonuary 1970 ij.i• • u n u • _u • • i rr'p.ftM*««

8 9
t»r>rf#.Wft> ma /ixmr nt
nuities along air-maw* boundaries in the lower
atmosphere. Radiosonde data taken aruuud
atuirfee on Sunday, Fig. 2, show temperatures in
the 2u00 to 5000-foot region running up to HQ
degrees higher than at the surface, from Central
New York State westward to Michigan. At
Albany there was a relatively mild inversion at
about 20U0 feet, and a sharper one aa 4000,
Huntington, \V. Ve., Buffalo, and Flint, Michi-
gan, show pronounced low-level boundaries, with
temperatures up to 10,000 feet still not down to
surface readings* This jh the classic fall inversion
pattern, responsible for the ea»tnwe*t opening
reported to K4KJQ by W8QLO. Many Michigan
And Ohio stations worked Into New Fhigland
on 43ui, the night of the 5th.
The typically stable fall weather held almost
unchanged for day*. Monday mornings radio-
Hotule data allow wj many inversions that they
cannot be plotted on any graph that can be repro-
duced easily. High-level discontinuities were
found at Huntington (above 4000 feet), Hatteras,
N. O. (R000 to 7000 feet), and Athens, Ga-
LoweMevel inversions were in evidence all the
way from Albany to Peoria. Pittsburgh showed
a don hie inversion, with bams near the surface
and at 3800 feet, Peoria showed three disoon-
leooo
11000
oy. 10000
k 9000
TV 8000
\4
7000 UJ tant? It would take a better man than the under-
UJ signed to set a limit, or to track the factors
6000 - down in fine detail — and who among us would
! \\ f 5000 g vhf DX? — WtBDQ
<
" w,r 4000 p
V <
\ 3000
fa A 2000
i mi W
h 1000
J A
0 The mfcrnphotie and some crystals wers also stolen.
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
TEMPERATURE °F
Fig. 2—Stratification of air ma ties in the region below
10,000 feet, shows in radiosonde temperature observa-
tions at Albany, N. Y., Flint, Mich., Biftfab, N. Y.p and
Huntington, W, Va.r around sunrise Oct. 5. Nate the marked
reversal of the normal decrease in temperature with atti-
tude. Abrupt changes in the dielectric constant of the
atmosphere associated with these conditions keep vhf
and uhf waves following the earth's curvature for hun-
dreds of miles. Maps and data courtesy of the Travellers
Weather Service, Hartford, Conn., and K1HTV.
90
tmuitiea, watm-over-cold, at roughly 1000T 2000
and 4300 feet.
Visually, some cloudiness existed Monday
evening in coastal areas from Southern New
Jersey to Florida. Skies were generally fair to
partly cloudy over the entire Appalachian chain,
with a warming trend and little wind-
In the next two days the big high moved eastr-
ward with only slight changes in shape. By
evening of the 8th it wad out over the Atlantic,
but most radiosonde charts show well-defined
inversion* through the flth. Excellent coastal
conditions prevailed through the night of the
8th, K1HTV has a fine tape uf the 144-MHz
signals of W4ISS, Augusta, Ga., made during a
QSO the night of the 7th, and of W4HJZ, Raleigh,
N. C,, and K4SUM and W4API, just south of
the Washington area, all worked on 432 just
before midnight the 8th,
The question of tropospheric skip often comes
up during widespread openings like this. While
tropo probably never shows the clearly-defined
alrip of ionospheric Frlayer propagation on
lower frequencies, every experienced vhf man
ha* Heen periods when 144 MHz and higher have
something approximating a skip gone. On Mon-
day, Oct. for example, K1HTV reports nignala
from as far south aa Florida being heard and
worked from Southern New England on 144,
yet atatioua in New Jersey, only about 100 mites
southwest, failed to turn up any sign of them.
The many examples of two-layer and three-
layer inversions seen in the Travellers Weather
Service data for the period lend credence to the
idea of signals being trapped aloft for part of
their long journey, and leaking down through
the ba»e of the inversion to return to earth at
some extraordinarily distant point How dis-
say for sure that we know the absolute limits of
Stolen Equipment
On Tuesday, November 1 my car was broken in
to Hud my Clegg 36'er fi-meter transceiver was
btolen. The berial number of this rig is 21(10499.
Anyone with information please call or contact
Stanley Sswed, WA8AOY, 10990 dross Drive,
Parma, Ohio 44130.
* • • m m
F«*dback
Here are some additional" calls that were not
Justed us Certificate Winners in the. tflfifl Armed
Forces Day Communication Tent reported in
November 1MB: W3JXH, K4AT, K.4BN, W4NZP,
W4tJX. WA5WMJ, WB6BKB, W6CBP, WSCUB,
WflCIJF, WBtiOWL. KfiHDJ, W6RXT, W8TWE,
WfllDY, W0TDH.
Q S F for
 CONDUCTED BY BILL SMITH/ K0CER
'69 Review, Outlook '70
EACH year at this lime we reminisce about the
year just past and prognosticate about the
year just beginning.
On the vhf scene* 196D was very productive.
Here's a sampling of what happened.
In January, K6MYC and K0MQS worked via
the moon on 2 meters using, for the first time,
ssb acid amateur-built antennas. In addition,
K6MYC (lad two moonbounce (£SME) contacts
with SM7BAB for the first tT.S^to-Sweden two-
way on 144 MHz. On six meters, F-layer propaga-
tion entertained South American, Caribbean and
southern U.S. DXcra with a good ^election of
cont&cta between the continents,
A solar flare on February 2 tounhed off an
excellent auroral opening on 50 through 432
MHz, and on six met er*, also most ewry known
type of Mayer propagation from backscatter to
rk t And to prove intercontinental DX isn't juat
a 50-MHz game, K6MYC again worked
SM7BAE on HMJS.
March came in with a roar — or better yet,
echoes from the moon which set a new world's
record for 144-Ml£z DX. SM7BAE and ZL1AZR
worked one another on the 4th over art earthly
distance of 11,055 miles. Their contact wa? the
first on EME not involving an TT.8, station on at
least one end of the circuit. There were also
(several good auroras during March, but the oneon
the 23rd was a dandy. Dozens of buxa contacts
were made through '132 Mil* and on 50 MHz,
the magnetic storm provided contact* between
the two Americas and into the Pacific. The
month ended with SM7BAW and ZL1AZR again
contacting on 144-MHs EME.
In April, another first on 144 MHz. K0MQS
and ZL1AZR completed thefirstcontact between
the U.S. and New Zealand on 2 meters. Not to be
outdone by their lower-frequency colleagues,
VVB6IOM and OSIJTF completed a U.S.-to-
England FATE contact on 1296 Mils establishing
a new DX record on that band, 5492 miles.
Tropo on 432 found Virginia stations working
^oiith to Florida over a new path on that band.
j>0 MHz continued to dish-up good i )X, including
the often-heard, and sometimes-worked signal
of ZK1AA on Cook Island in the Pacific. Among
the lucky ones were Florida's WA4MIIS and
VV4GD9, a 5000-mile path. Other stateside star
tions blessed with lower-latitude locations found
South American DX frequently workable.
May was relatively quiet. While some JMayer
was stall workable on 50 MHz, the E season was
4 Send report* tuul cf»rn-*pondcfto* to Bill Smith
KftCEft, A & A U 326 Main Newinnton. Conn. 06111.
JanuarYJ.97.0_
MIOW in starting. On the higher bands, tropo was
above average on a few days-
Activity pickcd-up in June with the usual
assortment uf .^openings on ft and nn 144 and
up, the seasonal increase in favorable tropo
conditions throughout the country. One day of
note was the 21st when K01U5J, Colorado,
worked Texana K5PTK, K5WXZ and W5GVE
over a 1000-mile path on 2 meters. Such tropo
from the high Colorado mountains iw extremely
rare — or was it tropo7
Tropo really came to life in mid-July. A num-
ber of outstanding contacts were made, Lopped
by the one on 432 between K2CBA, New York,
and W0DHL, Kansas, bettering the previous*
earth-bound 432 DX record, setting the distance
at UHo miles. That will be difficult to beat I
During the * me opening, W4FJ became the
first to work 20 states on 492, but he was to be
betferel bef re the year ended.
August was highlighted by meteor scatter, a
number of fine contacts being made during the
reliable Perseids shower Of particular note is the
ma work of K2UYH and W0DRL on 432 MHi.
They proved wrong t he so-called experts who said
that 432 nra was impossible. Although they didn't
Complete a two-way, W0DltL heard a strong,
11-second burst with complete calls from
K2UYH. Also during the Peraeids, WliGDO
worked KL7GMB for the first 144-MHz contact
between their respective states,
September found tropo conditions once again
excellent. The 20th u> 23rd allowed many 70ft-
lo 800-mile contacts un 144 along the eastern
K2CBA us«d this 28-foot dbh for his November 2 moon*
bounc* contact on 144 MHx wJth W1FZJ/KP4. In the back-
ground is Jud*s 220-MHz array of sixteen ^element
Yogis. He h holding tests with WB6NMT looking for
the first EME contact on 220.
S I
II
I
seaboard from Nova Scotia to the Carolines,
Similar paths were likewise covered on 432,
but this was just a prelude to October, Also on
144, W1QXX wurked W1FZJ/KP4 via the
moon. And an aurora uu the 29tli saw 144-MIls
signals traversing 11U0-mile paths. K2RTH
logged 102 stations in 23 states during the buzz
season. Six-meter DX returned with contact*
between California and ZK1AA.
On to October and trope conditions the likes
of which have seldom been wen. Beginning the
4th, and lasting through the 6th, outstanding
DX was worked on 144, *J2U and 432. The three-
day session produced 6(H)- to 700-mile r-ontart*
for 3-watt triplers un 432- K2ACQ reached 23
states worked on our lowers uhf band. Three
other stations, plus W4W. ended 1969 with W
or more states on 432. While rropo was underway
on the lower bands, W3GKP was trying EME
on 2300 MHz and getting the first audible echoes
on cw and wb,' and W1FZJ/KP4 worked
SM7BAE and KBMVO uu 144 EME,
At the time of this writing, in mid-November,
we can not detail the remainder of the year.
However, in early November WIFZJ/KP4
worked K2CBA on 2-meter EME, a* Sam
continued regular periods of operation on 144
moonbouiice. The November Leonids meteor
shower, an outstanding performer in 196ft and
1967, produced few contacts. The most notable
was a 1400-mile plus haul from W0LER, Min-
nesota, to W4CKB. Florida- There were periods
of fair tropo in the raidwesl and 50 MIT* saw at
least one F-layer opening between Florida and
California.
What will 1970 produce? Most likely two tnure
mooubounce firsts in the form of the EME
contacts on 220 and 2300 MHz. Vd speculate
that K2CBA and WB6NMT will be involved in
the 220 effort, and that W3GKF will be on une
end of the 2300-MHz contact. And who can
guess what Sam, W1FZJ/KP4 will do with his
lOfc-foot square reflector on 144 through 1296?
432 will receive even more attention, building up
states worked totals on that band, and WHORl*
will continue towards the first 432 meteor scatter
contact. This spring, there will be Houth Amer-
icans io work on 50 MHz, mostly from the lower
latitudes of the United States, and West ('oast
DXers will likely work more Pacific DX before
the current sunspot cycle 20 fails at v,hi. fre-
quencies,
To all of you, thanks for your support of this
column during 1969. It takes much " i n p u t " to
get the "output!"
Benjamin F. Hudsonr WSMCC
The vhf fraternity was shocked in late October
when word spread of the death of Ben Hudson,
VV5MOO, HP wan nhot to death, in the front yard
of hia Galliano, Louisiana home, :Jle«edly by a
neighbor, ulio at last report, was jailed without
bond on murder charges. Defalk «f WAMCG'a
death are not entirely clear. The shooting apparently
<'&me after a dispute, which, in part, wan over a
television interfejxmce ••nmplaint.
Besides being active on 2-meter*—Ben had
worked m state*, many during 144-MHz jtf sessions
in the Hummer of 1968 — he was also active in
Civil Defense and Coast Guard communications.
During the Hurricane Camille disaster on the Gulf
Coa^t last summer, WSMCC made his way to
Gulfport, Mississippi and established the tirat out-
ride communications for that hard-hit city, B*nt
who wan a marine electronic* engineer, likewise
Hided the Coast- Guard through communications
during many search and rescue missions.
Amateur radio has lost a good friend.
OVS and Opwating New*r
50-MHz has been slow the pa*t three months
judging from the lack of DX reports. There have
been no new opening between South and North
America reported, other than a letter from XElPY
who reports, "we h a w had the usual TE and Ft
into Houth America and quite a few openings out
KK1AA way." VKSDFO pa**d word of an J M w r
opening November 11 between Florida and Califor-
nia, hut we have not heard frrnn the iwople involved.
In the more northern latitudes, the ouui has seldom
exceeded 40 MHs this fall- This is according to
what Tye heard on the 40- to 50-MHs police and
service band.
VK3KVW pays he will again this winter be active
as YF2MJ on Montgerrat in the Caribbean. Monty
vacations there each winter and is active on 50,1,
linking state-Hide for evening TE openings, lie's also
a good bet on backscatter. Monty says he will
arrange schedules, hopizuc to add to his 10-countxy,
. M a t e total from VP2MJ.
YB6A11E reports Ex on September 30 to Wl,
V KB and tf. K7ICW worked tf* cm October Sf 10 and
11 and adds there was excellent ionospheric and
meteor scatter activity October 4 when he worked
KeODV/WAWlfifl, Oregon, and K7BBO and
\V7FN t both Washington. WA1DPX, Maw., noted
good K opening to Florida, October 11, when he
worked five htations .in the Sunshine State, On the
18th, Kay worked more 4s and a 5 and heard
WA9TBB.
W8YIO acquired this surplus radar antenna for use on
432* In the first 90 days of operation. Lew worked nine
new states to now lead Wfis on 432. The dish can be
rotated the full 360 degrees and next spring Lew will
add elevation control
QST for
 VE2DFO hot become very active on 6 and 2
within the past year and has made an impressive showing.
This 40»element colBnear for 144 and the 5-element Yogi
for 6, plus kilowatts and a good operating technique have
been responsible. Watch this young man In the firturel

Scatter continues to be a popular morning and

weekend sport, WBtiNMT say** he had worked
W7FN 52 times since rnid August. Louie says more
Swan 250 and SB-1 W operators would be Kiicrensful
on scatter, both nib and ionospheric, if they would
use specific calling (sequences like those employed
by 2-meter m» operators. In Urego u, WA7GFP says
hp. works nib into California most morning* and
evenings. At Kruita Valley, Colorado, ex K9KKK
js signing W0MTK and finding scatter workable
from his Rooky Mountain valley location. Bill runs
a Swan 250 and stacked 4-element Yagis, but plans
an array of tour similar beams. Bill, WfJMXA and
WA0TTIA have regularly been working #35 miles
over the Horkies into Lo» Angeles. WA6AKM,
K60DV and KtiPi'H are the most frequently men-
•ft
tioned in Bill's import. What's happening eWwhere / ., . l-o-k' u- /

around the country on 6-meter flatter? Cuiiie on Most of the recent activity came October 28-29.
you scatter type*, give with the report-si Mike, K6M YCr «uy» W1FZJ/KW worked
144-MHz moonhimnitt in definitely coming into 8M7BAE on the 2Sth and then KttMYC the fol-
it* own. WlFZJ, KP4*s recently activated 100-foot lowing dsiy. During that te^t, KHbNU heard Sam,
square dish has much to do with the increased Mike and K6HCP. KAIKSP hrw alwo l*=en beard by
activity—and will have more iu the future. In ZLlAZIl, VKSATMfp W1PZJ/KP4 and had a near
addition to Sam, KU6NS is on with a single-layer contact with tiM7BAK- Recently, W1FZJ/KP4
700-foot rhombic, ZLUiO is a new RME station in ha» a]ho worked Revera] Kabt C-oaut btatimiM, includ-
New Zealand, VE7BQII is completing an 80-element ing W i g X X and K2<JBA, the latter on November 2.
co]linear array, and KOEIOP is using a 10- by Kor thnne wanting to li&ten to, ur attempt to
30-foot array of 8 Swan-type Vagis* contact, W1FZJ/KP4, yuu may calculate the ap-
proximately 15 days each tnonth that the moon
cmwgefl Sam's window over Puerto Rioo and listen
on 144.032.3am tunen for replies between 144.00 and
220- and 420-MHs. STANDING 144.01.
220 MHt. KttMTG aloo reports that ZL1AZK and 8M7BAE
W11IT>Q... 1$ 5 450 K3IUV....I6 6 720 have completed (several more «ont«acta via EME.
K1J1X,,.. 13 4 sell) W3RUE3... 14 7 586 They ghare the EMK D X record of more than 11,000
K1BVA.... * w waujo....9 4 40D
miles ou 144 and becau»e of their geographical
RiiC iA.., 17 um W4FJ... • .20 location*, that record will be difficult to better.
W2I i\VJ..,16 740 K4U1P.. •. Ill lurtft
M N K , , , IS 600 VV4HJK.. .Lft AS0 fclarly indications are that the 1U69 Leonids
W23KU,. .YA H26 . .IB AfiO meteor nhower wa» not too productive, the
H Itf
j • * 61W) W4VHH 750
VV2CBS,, -10 440 K4WUM. ..II 420 number of meteoro being Minilar to pre-1905. It
K4MTD. .»• 9 S35
W3JTJO. . .14 5 460 K.4UL.. ,.. .7 wa» in litffo and that the Leonids put on a
USKUE... 10 6 4«n fantastic show. This past November there were
K3LUV.... 10 4 SKI W6Ror.. ..19
W5«KFr 7<MJ frequent loud pings* but burtrts of long enough
KUXC, 3 2 lJUO W5AJO. duration to were infrequent. At this writing it
K4GL.. s a W6UKQ. .. fl
1010
ttio
W6KOI.... 10 »in W6AWK 223 is too early for a complete libt of contacts, but we
W6AJO... .It »to 11)60 know \Y0LBiR, Minnesota, worked W4CKB.
W6LU. . . • 2 6611 WflDQJ . 360
I
Florida, over a path of more than 1400 miles. That
.4 4 946 K7ICW 4 2M contact was made the morning of November 10,
.i 2 250 W7JHG 2 420
2 969 a day fiefore the shower's expected peak. On
a fl 660 flAO November 15, K0MQS, Iuwat worked W2CUX
K8DUO. . ,20 «75
.9 4 9 lO K&RHG.». 20 7IKI in New Jersey on a 90-eecond burst. K0M4JS said
\TOirv3£.k.is 6B0 the burst had tmpo characteristic-*. K0CKR, South
.7 4 460 WsMNT. .IS A00
W8RQ1....1U 426 Dakota, ran unsuccessful schedules with K1ABR,
VVSOVU,.. 10 400
16 4 AI0 WA&viia. 626 Rhode Island. WlVJli, Mass.. and WlVTU.
L4 S 7IKJ WSKWK....7 l&U Conn., but ail were l^(HUmile plus paths.
.IS 5 710
.11 4 716 WOWOD.JO Numerous pings and short bursts were heard
to & 400 WASUUV. 17 7*0
10 4 46U W9AAO. . .14 800
from W3BHG, Dfilawaw, ami VFS3DFO, Quebe-%
10 3 260 WA9NK.T.1* 66U but not enough to complete a intact. Using random
K24CQ... fin 926 K9AAJ .. . 12 425 meteors on November K7NII, near Phoenix,
K 2CBK. . >20
X
H !207t»
K9UWN.. .1A
WA2UMB. 18 ti 720 WfMIY 10 550 worked K0CKR on a number of hhurt bursts.
K?UVH., .17 6 S40 .18 1185 K7NII keeps tabs on the meteora by viewing
W2BLV. .. 17 6 739 WtfLliSR,,. j8 709 KWWL-TV, channel 7, in Wat«rlout Iowa- Tntn
W20LL*. , 17 6 S9S WSLON....H 7<J0
W20NH. .„14 A 526 70ft says meteor activity shows up welit no pun intended.
W2DWJ... IS 4 530
K9 YOO. . ..0 6 626 WlVTU has a similar technique. John monitors the
K2ARO. . ,• 9 5 6S0 VK2HW. ..4 760
W.ViUUH.. .9 4 260 VK31>KW-12 U4» fm broadcast band for station* in the same area as
KittlW... .9 8 VB&R2C., .7 510 the station he is scheduling. John notes a positive
VK3AIB,.. .5 460
•

WafiEU-.- 4 320 signal correlation between the two,

I m t u n w l 9 7 0 . 9 3
 Tropo coaditious are near their seasonal low, but
2-METER STANDING the eastern stations axe still talking-up the openings
in late Sept. and early Oct. An article by K4EJQ
WlJftM.„*W 8 1400 W6LO ... 7 1364 on the opening appears elsewhere in this issue.
KIABR^.M 8 J47N W6HFV. •, 10 1386 W4TSS has sent his report on the October 5-6
WlA^K., .34 H 1419 K6FT&...1S 6 1330
KIHTV. ..83 1310 spssion in Georgia. Frank worked six new states as
1300 WW1D0...1R 1336
NinOQ. ..30 1370 WtfWfit(l...l6 1300 far north as Massachusetts, and on Ortoher 21f he
XIWHS.,.159 KWAA ,,, 13 1380 raught another opening with strong over
wivni.-.w 1399 WSNUC...U 3640
K LBtf.lv, * .jZS J 276 KtMYO ... 13 1340 KDO-mile paths. W A3MLK. Maryland, picked b new
WIKJII...S7 11(10 K6HMS, ..11 1368 rftates irom the October 5 C^RAL Alan has lU states
JfMU
KIMTJ. . .20 1336 W7JHC1...27 6 1330 woi-ked without the aid of meteors, tie says he
KlJlX.n.lK UUO KTNIT. ..2* 6 1390
K1HJU....17 1460 K7JCW. 4 1346 hasu't tried ms yet, but will schedule anyone need-
KtVTU # 6 960 ing Maryland. He runs 150 watts and a stacked
W2NJLV...37 8 IfflKI WHHT 41 9 1360 array- K2DNR added two new ones. South Carolina
W»!XY.,.37 5 196(1 KKAXU....38 8 1376
W20K1....37 8 1330 WHY to 36 H 1100 and Tennessee. We welcome two newcomers to the
W?RT<V,. .36 H 1160 WMUT., .36 8 1160 states boxes from the ueitond (tall district, WA2CJK,
W2AJ5L., .34 1300 KttDKO. . ,33 8
WASKGK.3U 1340 W KLUU. .,27 who enters with 31 states, and WB2HI (I with ^L
Katrru.. .ss 1216 IVSNOII.,.9* 1160
WA2CJK..31 1160 W&Tlll... ,24
1166
LU00 Otherw being listed this month are K7VTM, Wy,t
W2rnn.. KSZiK.Zt 876 WHYIO, Mich., aud W0EMS* Neb,
K9DNR.. .24- 1300 \VrA8VlIO.l6 640
W20NB...2S 1160 K7ICW Rays tropo in the southwest was «Kr^[lent
WSDWJ ,.'JR MO KWUO, ..42
WA2KMB.3S 8 1834 1300 during October. K7NII aiwi W7GVL far KCftIL)f
wBynm. .si fi 960 w\nT>nr,4i 1303
I2U0 both Amtma, put consistent signals into Las Vegas
WB2PXB.91 6 9(6 X9AAJ., P ,41 11*0
KWCO . ,*U 7 760 K9U1K uvftr rough terrain. At Boulder, W0MOX says
WA2PMVT.I9 6 luuo W9AAC+...39 1300
WflfYYPa..3R 1060 conditions were tprrible — aud that 42 inches of
waRim. k .as 8 lino W9IFA .„53 lixfu snow during October didn't help his auteuna project.
WttKWtI..SNI H 1336 W9t'HP, , .33 M30
Also at Boulder, WBEi'R ja hack on 2 meters,
W30KP- ft UOK KftMQS r - Afi10 MIKIK
8 1140 Wtf HpH... 46 1U after replacing wind-destroyed antennas.
KSK.VA....36 R 1900 WtfNXF...t4 10 136V During the first 10 days of November, tropo
\VHBDk\, .U6 8 1100 YVfllkiY\. „41 9 130O
'.VftHB k 1310 W»r,FK... W 9 1100 conditions were fair in the midwest, along mostly
K3CKV., 960 W0LEK . 37 fl 1440
KTIOBrr.. .21 7 330 aorth-nuuth paths. The best days were the 9th and
8 1342 W0EYK..
WtftiJNC..
.36 9 1380
.36 9 (,460 10th. W0NX&\ Nebraska, worked K5WXZ, Texa*f
ft 700 WMMM.. -33 9 1330
6 625 WtfljCN.. .28 8 1lHl0 abouttiUUmiles, and W5IIFV. Oklahoma. K0CER
W4R.TQ. ..30 119(1 UWRL.,,25 9 1396 heard both stations weakly in Houth Dakota, but
W4WNrf. .38 ISflfl miju i 1 6100 couldn't raise them, W0EYB uurked K0CER
W4HHK...SS 1380 KHfttrK.t.,.2 uver a SUO-mile path, and KflUEit heard WA0CIIK,
K4KJQ... .37 1126 2 3640
K4UCC...-U6 1403 OU1NL 1 1 6860 Bowling Green, Missouri calling CQ East on Novem-
ae 1336 VE1ALTO i .7 ber but- not looking for western stations. We'll
W4CKB...36 1440 VW3DF0..27 ada
1336 VH3HG.I..17 134 (J
work Home other night, John.
W4FJ 34 H60 VEZHW. ,11 976
* 1100 VKftHttCl .33 800 The single-band activity nights seem to be
W4A>WB,..29 8 1360 YK3UUN..31 13K3
1360 matching on, WlAZK reports 13 stations from Nova
WAU00...44 10 1308 VESASO, VK3AIB . 1340
Scotia to Maryland active on November & I also
IV5RCSI..„49 9 1380 VK3KV W -36 8 1100 8 1386
receive'.! two toga, both apparently from 2g, but
K6WX.Z...36 10 14511 YK7BQU...6 3 1344
WSRPV. ..36 10 1286 UAtfaher with their own call noted (7). On* listed
W5AJG...33 0 K360
W6VKQ...29 8 1160 YK3ATW...3 3 10417 nine stations worknd. Upcoming activity nights are
Thefeuresafter pnnh *nu rtfer ti> hUUm, nail areas Jan. a — 144, Jan. 10 — 220, and Jan. 17 —
ruvd inUwureoi bntUX. Herisod January, 1970. There are obviously more station* taking advantage
of these npertiting nights than report their results.
Mont of us dislike letter writing, which leads me to
another comment. I hear much good vhf news
During the October Orkmids shower, VE2DFO bring passed on 75-meter vhf nets that doesn't
and K4IXC, Florida completed another contact on get reported to this column. Would it be possible
the 19th. It wad their third, the other two being for each net to rotate a secretary who could report
made earlier on random meteors. The path distance the items?
is 134(1 mile*. VE2DFO aays pings and short hunts Finally these two items. VEtfAlIE has completed
are heard every time they whedule. On the 21st, a Hulid-fttate converter for the upcoming Oscar. The
VE2DFO workeii K9lMX/-it Alabama, on a :«>- Oscar shot has suffered a >**rtm of delays due to
htt^ond burst at 3 o'clock in the morning. Don aays problems with the launch vehicle, NASA clearance
that appear* to have been the [teak of the OrlonidA f»r the Oscar has been received to ride into orbit
because K2RTH and W2CTJX. liad stnhetlulea on along with the Tiros-M weather satellite. So when
either hide <A VK^DFO time Hint, but K0IA1X/4 you hear the Tiros is aloft, start looking for the
heard nothing From W'JCUX and only pings and Oscar beacon on 141.U5. And finally, K0MQS is
nhort buret* from K2UTII. preparing for big doings from his new Delta, Iowa
K4GL reports a riunlom meteor contact O^t. site — including the erection of a i6Q~foat tower.
5 with WlJtiM, Mew Hampshire. Jack has also 220-MHz news this month features tnounbounce
completed several random 1*14 contacts this past and it all comes from WB6N MT. Louis savs he and
summer and fall with WlAZK, also N. H. K4GL K2CBA aro scheduling. K2CRA's array is pictured
krep» nifthtly schedules with WABDOT. K0LTIP elsewhere in this «olumu. Jiouis is using an array
and W8NUB checicing mi ms and tropo con- ft*cd for KliCBA's EME window. WB6NMT lists
ditions these other possitdes for 12150 moonbounce work:
One final ms note, XK1PY wrf^ W1HOQ he W1QXX, W1P2J/KP4, W1BIT, WA3SPU
has finished huilding what he calls a "^uper stove- W2JKI/ WA0RJI, WAUljLP and KOMQS. Louis
pipe", It is a initial tank circuit built around a is sure trying to stir up EME activity, writes
liCX1500A. Rusty aays hn'11 Hor>n be running ms to him: TiL L<>uis Anciaux, 138 Marquette Ave.,
tests with W50RH and W5RCT. Vallejo, California telephone 7u7-(S4»-025&

94 QST for
 432-MHz DXers aro still talking: about; Ontnber
5-6. W4VHH, South Carolina, jumped to 12 states.
He says also that W4LSQ is aobiv* in Alabama aa<l
KTJPO/'I in Gwirjcia. W2CLL, Now Jersey wont
to 17 state*, while neighboring K^AKO is building
at Hyde i'ark, New York. Gus will huilH a fiOO-watt
final thin winter, WSYIQ eaters the ttata* — your full nauxe. call and mailing address complete
at the top rrf his call a r e a — w i t h 19 states. Ho
ttuxftke-.! up on olc KWRRG ami K*SDVX.h
On November 11, the Gull path between Florida
and Texan opened. On 144, W4ZCB worked a num-
ber of 5s while the fm boy* on 44H.1 were also
i r o i i i K the Gulf,
W4(JWH worked another fm station, whose call
I don't have, in Corpus Ohrwtio. Thews are 7UU-to
900-mile paths.
W0PHD, at Warmi in northwestern. Minnesota,
reports he. K0AWIT, Grand Forks. North Dakota,
and VE4MA, Winnipeg, alivft and wt-ll, *TIs Jiot
oftwi we hear from that part of tho country- K0AWTT
runs a 4X150 driven by a vuractor tripler, W0PUD
uses a 4X150 tripler driving a 4X151) final. While
they continue to improve their equipment, they are
wondering what will happen to 432 when the nearby
A B M site with itu radar equipment i* noiuplete<1,
1296 a n d U p activity m»nrinue» to center around
E M E plans. On the island of Guam. KG6ASG has
completed a WBtflOM ring amplifier and the exciter
multiplier chain to j^t. to 1 — and the converter.
His next project is a 20-foot dish. This newt* from
KlLPtt/KGft who is also building equipment
while serving a Navy bitch on Guam,
Bill, WSGJEEP. continues to refine his 2304 MHz
E M E system while rweiviug consistent cw and
ssb echoes from the niuon. Bill way* K2GRI, New
York, r«Hvntly worked W1AJR, Khode Island* on
2300 M H s tropol Aad i» Florida, K 4 N T D is at
wwk on a ^aiX) MHs converter.
Atlanta Two~Motmr Aepeafar
Visitors to the area around Atlanta, Ga. will find
un fm repeater in operation from Stone Mountain,
a local tourist attraction just east of the city. Spon-
sored by the Alford Memorial Italia Club, WB4NST
uperates with 146*34 M H s input and transmits un
146.76 MHs. This out put frequency was chosen to
avoid interference with local 140.94 traffic. The
power output, 40 watts, provides eiceollcnt coverage
of the entire metropolitan, area, A special feature
oi the system i» the uutnm&tlft identifier, which aUo
Includes the time of d a y — g i v e n hy an attractive
female voiw*. inff^-i
Novice Roundup
Announcing
»Cantinu*\L from paff* 4*>)
self-addressed and stamped envelope containing:
with Zip code. We KUggest a minimum uf I2ff
postage iibtached, This will assure yuur receiving
3 log-nbeetH (enough for 300 (JSC)*), 1 Op Aid
6 and a WA.B map (if d**ired), Using this as a
guideline you can adjust the postage according
to the number of logs you anticipate needing,
B 0 N U in NRI
Rules
1) KlioVjility: The contest is opeu bo &U radio amateurs in
the A URL sections listed on pane i\ of thin Q#V.
2j Tim*: All contacts muAt he made duriait th« ftontat
tinw indicated elsewhere in this aanouncRtneot. Time may
ilivMffl am desired but must not exceed 40 hours total,
3j ij&O*: Contacts must Include certain information ueu t
in the form a« shown in the example* Q30* must take place
on the UlK 40-, UK or 2-iueter baoda. Croabaud contacts
are not permitted, Ow to phone, e\v to cw, phone to o,v.
contacts are permitted. Nnvicen work any amateur stations:
con-Novices work only Novinea. Valid points can be aoured
by contacting station* not working in the contest, upon
acceptance of your number ami section and receipt of a
number and section, A station may hn worked only once,
rewarding of band.
tV Novice may operate in the Nott*^ portion of the com-
petition. until he rtctixe* hit General ('Ian Locensn, then
mmd nperate aa a non-Novice entry.
4j ticaritig* Bach exchange counts oim point Only uuh
point rttuy be earned by contaotina any one xtation, regard-
ing* of the frequenry band. The total number of ARAL aec-
tioni f«ee pajse fi "f tfiin QST) worked during the contest is
the "section multiplier." Vukon-N.W.T.lVE8) also counts
as a multiplier. A hxvri Rnorinn oredit may be earned by
entrants who hold AKKL Proficiency certificates.
If an entrant does not hoM a OP award he nan apply for
rredit hy attaching to his Hoiindup report, a enpy of quali-
fying run from WtiOWP, January Sot Fnbruacy or from
January 14 or February OP crudit equals the
w.p.m. »ptfnfj indicated on the latest certificate or sticker
held by the entrant. The final score equals the "total
prints" pli» 11 Code Proficiency crwilt" loultlplled by the
"taction multiplier."
5.) Repr/rtintt; <.'ontcst work must be reported as shown in
the satn|ite form, Reporting forms and a map of the United
State* will be f m upon request. Indicate starting
and endinu times for eanh period on the air. All Roundup
reports hecouie the property oi ARRL and must be port-
marked out Later than Gklanoh ft, 1970.
6* Award*: A certificate award will be given to the high-
est-scoring Novice in each ARRL section, Multioperator
stations arc not eligible for awards,
7) Disqualification*: Failure to comply iritb the vouteat
ruta or FCC regulations are gronnds for disqualification,
AKKL Contest Committee decisions are ttnaJL IdET^H

Results V.H.F. QSO Party

W Stravs ^
(Cortinitott from 49)
WftKPL
WKC)
O^O^U
rWU 17- 4-B
WBB- V
VK
f
c!
33A
GQ
AJ
P 10^dgL -lS
7-A6-AB
-
VEHOKR 7A- 4-R
WEST GULF DIVISION VE
VES3EA
WUT
/3 (56- npn^O 1-B Many readers will be distressed to learn that
Ofetobonui
WW
fi W
AXA
>X J^
fK
UfiW
- 6V
MX1,-AW
HS- VE3SAU 4(8
170o-p
Jm
UOy^l^AB
Preil Schnell, W4CF t formerly Traffic Manager of
the A l t R L and retnembered for bis many important
CANADIAN DIVISION "firsts" In amateur radio, including the ftrnt two-
Alter to
V
Q*rb€£
E2DFO 43rMU l2-0-I3Sfi--AB V
VK
KS
CA
AK
tAR 4-A way contact acrotufr th^ atlanuc and the famous
uruise of N R R L to Australia in 1935, proving the
VE2H W 58 ABB 1- J-A
VK2DFB 31 A- 63- 6-A .SrtffeA
value of short waves to the U i i . Navy, has uuffered
Ontario a series of long illnesses and is now living at the
VR7ANP 12- S- *-A
VE3CRTT/3 Grovemont Convalescent Home, 210 West 21st.
V M7IU tt«5-ABCD Ave,, firadenton, Fla. 33505. Fred would sure appre-
VKSfiVW 56
ES
D HE 90
84
--3jfil-
4-12-1A4B
-BO
D EQ3S ciate cards or QSLs from his many friends.

January 1970 95
 CONDUCTED BY LOUISE RAMSEY MOREAU,* WB6BBO
The New Year—Plan Ahead!
Onethatphrase often used to describe women is
"*be is involved/ and the jneauing is
1
not the euphemistic definition that is so popular,
where involvement could mean anything from a
patting interest to complete absorption. When we
are involved we are head over beelsr deeply
immersed, and we are all involved in our homes,
family, church, many clubs, friends, hobbies, and
we ficid time to do all of it, and do it welt. When
we decided to become amateur radio operators,
we had to become completely wrapped up be-
cause that is the effect of radio — it become* a
part of ub. If it didn'L, then we'd never spend all
the time required to learn about. it t or endure
that nail-biting session with the FCC.
Many of us find we are fascinated by building
our equipment, and getting that thrill of thrills
when it really works. This is a part of involve-
ment, for what else can make the time pass so
rapidly as that period we upend over a liot-
tioldering inon seeing the development of a pile
uf parte and a schematic into a new addition to
the shack? Not all of us care for building, for
our activities range over the broad scope of the
amateur service, but no matter what we choose
as our pet form we find we cannot do it in a
detached manner. Instead we learn that it is
like eating peanuts, the more we get, the more
we want, we are not only involved, we're
"hooked."
January is the time when we make all sorts of
ambitious statements about what we mv goitig
to accomplish during the year ahead. We talk
of adding new gear to the station, we begin the
pre-birthday gift "war-of-nerves" with broad
hints about new receivers or antennas. We
inventory our certificates, check the contest
calendar and resolve to really clean up this time.
As we leaf through the Radio AmateurHand-
book, weighing the possibilities of new improve-
ments to the shack, we might think of other
forms of upgrading, ones thai are a lot easier
to acquire — our operating habits. None uf us is
perfect — i t would be a dull world if we all were
— but the goal of perfection in operating is
easy as checking the first pages of the Hand-
book, and comparing the six points of the Ama-
teur's Code to ourselves.
Do we remember to be courteous iti contests
and pile-ups, and realize that there are others
who want that rare prefix as much as we? As
* YL Editor Q8T, Please Mad all news notes to WB6-
BBO'shome address; 1036tiaatttcntcm8tAI ALUdQoa, Calif,
91001.
96
control station of our net do we respect the fact
that we don't own the frequency, and take a
pleasant attitude that will work a lot of magic
with those interfering signals?
flow involved are we? Are we so deep that an
ARRL 4 Mficial Appointment is a part of the
collection uf "wall paper?" Are we just an ayo-
and-no member of the radio club, ur do we accept
an office, contribute to the program, hunt new
members, assist with the club bulletin, and
give a little more than our present*?
No matter whether our station is a decorator's
dream or the corner of the bedroom, is it in order?
Are we employing the safety rules of good
housekeeping?
TJo we spend our on-the-oir time for our own
selfish enjoyment or have we found the pleasure
in agisting Lhe beginners by workiug with thetu,
using the approved procedures that they learn
by doing the right way?
We all get so involved iu our pet phase of
amateur radio ihat some of us forget- that official
statement that we have our hobby because it is
a public service an well. I t doesn't take much out
nf our operating time to become a part of the
Public Service Corps so that when our com-
munity needs us we will be ready to lend our
skills.
We Y L » are very careful about our grooming
when we are ajjpearing in public; we make sure
that everything is just so, in order that we can
appear at our hest, Adherence to lhe Amateur's
Code is nothing more than good grooming on the
air. With that in mind 1970 can find us really
involved in the literal definition of the term.
WN5YAM, Carol BebDng.
QST for
 2 9 7 0 YL-OM Contest
Phone:
Start: Saturday, February 14, 1970, 1*00 GMT.
End: Sunday, February IS, 1970, 1800 GMT.
Cm:
8tart: Saturday, February 28, 1970, 180U GMT.
End: Sunday, March X, 1970, 1*00 GMT,

Eligibility: All OM and YL operators throughout

the world are invited to participate.
Operation: All bands may be used. Cros&band oper-
ation is not permitted. Net contact* do iwl count

Exchange: QSO number; KB, or KST report; ARRL

Section, or country. Entries in log should show baud
worked at time of contact, time, date, transmitter
and power. ARRL Section list is available in any Ohio Council of Amateur Radio dubs certificate for
issue of Q8T, on page ur send tMirflue* to the VLItL contacting 25 or more Ohio YU.
Vice President.

Scoring: KSONV, 30 points; W\7VlJGt points; WApMVO,

27 points; WA3ATQ, 23 points; WA8F8X/8, 19
A. Phone and cw contests vetll be scored as points,
separate contests.
B* One point is scored fur each station worked Those Contest Results
YL to OM, or OM to YL, (OM to OM, YL to
YL do not count.) One uf the mauy duties of the Vice President of
C. A station may be contacted not more than YLRL ift the setting of the contest dates, and the
once in each contest for credit, receiving, checking, and tabulating the results of
the YLRL contents. Those list*, as officially ap-
D. Multiply the number of tjSOs by the number
proved by the Vice President, are then sent to the
of different ARRL Sections, tmd/or rmintrie*
YL Editor for publication in Q8T. 41 YL News and
worked,
Views'' ban no record of any contact, other than
K, Cncrtatftantx running 150-watts input, or less, that bent in by the YLRL contest chairman, and
at alt times, may multiply results of (C) by 1.25 we cannot publish any correction* unless they uie
flow power multiplier)* 8sb contestants running first rifficiftlly approved by YLltL. If for some reason
300 watU PEP, or leas, at all times may multiply your name or score j* omitted from the published
the result of (G) by 1.125 (low power multiplier). results please check with the current. Vice President
Logtt: Copies of all logs showing cw, and phone of YLltL, the only person who can make any
claimed scores, and higned by the operator, must be changes. For 1970 ahe will be; Audrey Beyer,
postmarked no later than March 2a, ltf70, and K5PFF, Heftd iinad, Flouston, Texas, Zip
received no later than April 13, 1970, or they will 77017.
lie disqualified. Please remember to file separate
logs for each section of the contest. Working Girls* Net Chang*
Send copies uf log* to: Audrey Beyer, K5PFF, To facilitate the gals who have not yet acquired
YLttL Vice President, 6202 Uecd Itoad, Houston, the higher license privileges, the Working Girts*
Texas, U.S.A., zip 77017. Net has changixl frequency to 39*33 kTI*. The net
meets oil Thursdays at DfiCM GMT. WflCEE is Net
Awards; Control, and every gal who can check in is welcome.
First Place Phone — OM, cup; YL, cup.
First Place cw — OM, cup; YL, cup.
The winner of the phone cup is also eligible for Plan Ahead
the cw cup. Certificates will hft awarded tn the If you had fun in Toronto In IPG!), then start
high more phone and cw winners in each ARRL planning now for the neat Mid-West YL Con-
Section and coumry. vention. It will he hr»1d June 19, 20, 21, 1970, at
No log* will be returned. the Itamada and Voyager Inn, 401 Detroit Street,
Be sure thft ropy of your log is legible. Flint, Michigan. To whet your appetite we are told
Please note postmarked deadline no later than that there will he a Friday night snack and evening
March 23,1070. of fun to start things, the Luncheon *uid Banquet
Caution, remember the frequency allocations (or an* sclifeluled for Saturday. If the OM wants to
your own class of licen«ft. Don't let a citation spoil come along he will be welcomed, do start planning
the excitement of a contest. now for this always delightful affair.
For relaxation just before diving into the YL-OM
2969 YLBL Howdy Days Results content, the annual HAltOC meeting, February 4
through 8, 1U70 will have a ladies' program includ-
Top Snore YLRL member: Vi&BII. 7t points. ing a luncheon and style (show. JBT0EPE will be in
Top Score Non-member: No non-member participa- charge of the YLttL Booth. So, if the glitter of Las
tion. Vegas ix tempting, the place will be the Stardust Mo-
Logs submitted by: VK3BII, 74 points; WA&JFZ, tet. This is the firwt time that YLRL will be there
SB points; WA3GPT, 47 points; \Y A8ARJ, 45 points; with a booth, drop in and meet the other gals who
r

WA0F8K, 39 points; WA2WIIE, 3fi points; will be there.

January 1970 97

, BUCKEYE BELLES I
K.
t-
t-i
.1n
I 1, .•i •
L -J
1 _
i ai cr ~ •<
Buckeye B*]Jes certificate,
AT»et fAe C/u£ — The Buckeye Belles
They organized in March 19f>2 at a minting in
Worthington, Ohio, with K S 1 T F , WkLGY,
K8HGD, ami W A I T S at the lirel officers. Two
year* later they were the houtettiea *«f the YLKLr
Convention, ami tliat is haw the Buckeye Belle*
began.
The B u c k e t Belies are the amateur radio licensed
women of Ohio. The purpose is to promote wnd
fellowship, and develop proficiency ia the art of
radio, and to welcome new Y1* to the hands.
Bhirley, K8MZT, first introduced the idea of an
Ohio VL d u b during a 40-meter contact during
the early part of 1941. With hei- initiattvp and the
help of a dozen uthp>' gals the idea took root rapidly.
Many ideas and *iigge&tiozm ware considered for
a name, and in 1901 an informal meeting was held
in Dayton* Ohio, during the Hamvention. An
rttublera of a fcophi&ticated YL ivu* introduced to
accompany the "Belle*1 in the name. Any licensed
V L i n Ohio watt welrome h> join and representative*
w*ce selected from different parts vt the &tate to
publicize the club and recruit new members It
wasn't too long before the number of members
wait over tflXJ and stilt growing. The dub bulletin,
known a* the BURFCEJ/* Hurt, edited by K h M K T ,
began in June 1961 k
The club certificate is an achievement award far
12 nontactp with inembera for those Jiving in the
frtate of Ohio, 10 contort* for those living out of
the estate, and for i>X people i*eking the award
there must be piixrf of 4 contacts. The little Belle
emblem on the certificate was deigned by Marge,
K8ITF, who is the certificate custodian of the c-luh.
The Buckeye ReNro have recently added a new
11 division M to their dub, the Buckeye Bpaiu. This
is the OM auxiliary of the VL ciuh established in
1ftBy to 11 to permit wives to keep tabs on their
husbands during meetings, and to make *ure the
OMs are around for the heavy work/ 9
Strays
VE5DZ advises that the following were omitted
from the VL-OM content result*, for the OM
cw contest'
IT1AGA 425* points
KHflGQB 378 points
The following errors in the listings. YU1BPG
should be VVfiBPG. HL9KG should be HL*KQ.
Both errors were made in the OM Phone content
listings.
98
&ilent lUptf
T ia with deep regret that we record the
I passing of these amateurs:
K1BPJ, David Birirreu, MTobura,Mass.
tri-WlOIC, T/ouifl Frank, Srituate, Mass.
W1KJS, >Y*d O. Ripley, Kockland, MB,
W1E8A, Bert W. (fow-ll, Wwt (tennis, Mom.
WA1IAU, Johu Cameron, SpringtieUi, Mass.
W1JNC, Norman A. Chapman, Concord, N. 1L
VVIOX, Andrew Petenwn, Winchonter, Mm.
W9A.KK, John J. Kulik, Clifton. N. J,
W73/HU Nicholas Tropas, Railway, Nr .1.
WA2UIW, Chart*'C. llrandau, tisafwl, N. V.
WBWPD, Pio Aiscatifln, Teanock, N. J.
WA&U1SU, Luke K, Hawyer. Beaver FWIs, Pa.
W3BVR, ThwiHoni Upper Darby,
W3UXR, Norman A. K Y o r k , Pa.
\V3YITp LiilLam K. Kiingwwmith, 1'ittsbaxfth, Pa.
WA4BGV, Lorne D, Isegtf*, Ht, Petersburg, Fla.
WB1BVA, Maj, Juhn T. Clark. Jr., USAF, Ashe-
ville, N. C,
K4UGV. Harold U m i . ^tobiK Ala.
W"4MJ, Capt. Jainea C. tlargreavwi, i;»N, IVnsa-
rola. J&la.
K41VB, John U^Mouffia, Englewui^ Fla.
W4MAVX, Alarion F. Galloway, Henderson, kiy.
W4PKH, Carl P. IVrater. Mobile, Ala.
m m z t Samuel Wydonck, Miami. £1a.
W4BIMJ, aoiQiwi I., Newberry, Gray, Ga.
W4TNW, Harold W. Dean, Hoasville, Ga.
K4VHII, J aim W. llomor, Jr,t Ft. Uudenial«r Ha.
William McCutuoheon, Holly HilL hi*.
W6ABN, Walter V. Jetmiaas, Dallas, Texas
WfiKKI. Dewitte D, iiaU, Shrevrpurt, La.
VV5MCC. Benjamin V. Hudson, " f e n , " Galliano,
La.
1VNGVNY, John Sohuhmftcher, Uryant, .Irk.
rx-WtiCXW, ileaty v o n e riO dasaki, tolling Uttla,
f^slif.
Welton E. Swain, Sfcoekton, Calif.
KRHlC Kic!iard Bartholomew^ Hivenide, Calif,
UTAKO, H^nry Summers, l^ioedale, Wyo.
K7Atrr, Wallacp C?rainoii<lt Clieyenne, Wyo.
\\ 7PR, George Wl, Seattle, Wash.
KVJMP, John N, ClArlc, Spanaway, Waslu
K7KKO, \ n * r t W. Clingsr, Hhellny, ldalio.
W7QFC, Carey II. kayismnd, Kwrett. Wash.
W7RVN, Cteorx* C. Henriken, Newman Grove,
Nebr,
SV7YAO» W, Walter I-otten-igo, Hois*.
W7ZL, Antoa Ray Tin&tad, Matysnlle, Wub.
WSDHL, HuKh P. Williams, Knstoria, Ohio.
WAMZfi, Kenneth B. toucher. Giranl. Ohio.
WKHTQi John Cloyd, Hamilton, Ohio,
U'HVEfn, Irving S. Croime, dturgis, Mino.
\WHli, Virhts a. Klmore, Marion. Ill,
WAwDUj, Jrofc-ph J. Tanney, Lmnont, I!
111.
KtfKAlf. Charle* Cliff Oornp. ButchV1« IVoria,
Ul.
W&OTTt, William Lindberg, Kockford, 111.
119JTO, W. Maurice fcttemm, Indiaiuipolis, Ind,
Kti KIP, Frank Uerrick, Norridge, ill.
WQOEAL Gordon B. Kobbtns. West, La&tyvttn, ind.
W9PHK, Russell O. Deck. Sr., Koodhouse, i l l .
WN9CIX, Harold A, Wallander, Maztttowoc, Wis.
WffBDR. UiisseU Marguis, Marshalltovn, Iowa,
K0LJV> GeOTge Huff, Oating, Minn.
W0TOO> Paul Cooper, Eldon, Mo,
KtfWB, 1L Jtiiebert, Dearer, Colo.
WfrfXR, Donald ErieVscm, Potter, Nebr.
Kr<7FGJ, William H, Nicholson, Laredo, Texas.
VtilAJU George Crowrll, tiydney, N, 8.
VE2DIH, Peter Kisher, Montreal, P. Q.
VE3AJ8. J. C. L. Patterson, Pembroke. OnL
VE3U, A. K. Blsvis, Toronto, Ont.
VFMOPt Fred Ward, Moose Jaw, Sask.
VH7KI), C. Fred If earsey, Vancouver, B. C.
HPlMB, Mamxel Kspisosa^ Panama City, Panama
YSlMJti, Miguel Angel Sol, Saa Salvador, £1
Salvador,
QST for
M llUIilUa W
« liLULk 11 I <11 •
 GEORGE HAHT, W1NJM.

ELLEN WHITE, WIYYM,

Deputy Coming Mgr.

DXCC: ROBERT L. WHITE, W1CW Administration: LILLIAN M. SALTER.

Training Aidr; GERALD PINARD Public Bwricm; WILLIAM a HETGHEEET,

Phillips Code. Apropos of abbreviation do-
vice* in general and November QfifT^s un-
fortunate mention of the ubc of the tetter N for
the numeral 9, tjomn of the old-time telegraphers
have been giving us a hard time. To begin with,
we now learn (and should have known before,
apparently) that the N for 9 is not an ubbrevaV
tion arbitrarily adopted by content men to make
tho frantie nontoat exchange mare, frantic, but
part of an aocopfed set of abbreviations fur
numerals which lux* been used by mmnmrrial
operator* since time immemorial anil is rerog-
nised internationally. The procedure w to Hubsti-
tute a ftingle dash for any numeral in which there
ib more than one, and the rule it* to use such
procedure only where it it understood between
operator that the numeral, not the <'orm>pond-
iog letter, is intended. Thus a 1 becomes A, a 2
Jjecome* U, a, 3 becomes V, a 7 beeomen H7 an
8 becomeH a D, a mne beeomeH N and a (1 be-
comes T. The numerals 4, 5 aud 6 remain us is,
since they are short enough already (although
sometimes the letter E is substituted for a 5),
and there you have it.
We mention this only in pausing, because a
wrong assumption was made regarding its origin,
not to recommend that we amateurs forthwith
start taking advantage of it. I t would take some
getting used to, and would cause a whale of a lot
of confusion if wu plunged into it quickly* For
the time toing, then, we won't criticize the users
of N for 9, or T for 0, but let's break into the
other abbreviations gradually, if at all,
I*retty much the same kind of philosophy
applies to J'hillips Code, a system of standard
abbreviations used by commercial telegraphers
since 1879 which has never been adopted by
iiinateurfi, probably because most of us (obviously
including the undersigned) have no commercial,
only amateur experience, Kor the first time, we
huar our "standard" amateur abbreviations
referred to as a "hush" code and the inference
made that ARltL has been lax in not more
vigorously promoting Phillips in the amateur
bands.
Well, hmphh! Let's be properly indignant for
a moment, but then let's climb down from our
indignation and see what Mr. Phillips has to
offer. According to OT W6JJO, it is "a highly
efficient and proven system of shorthand adapted
to the rapid telegraphic transmission of intel-
ligence. In addition to liaving 21 one-letter
meanings, and some 483 2-letter meanings for the
most commonly used words, it also lias numerous
3 and 4-lettcr contractions, many of which are
used to convey various phrases. The plural is
indicated by the addition of the letter S, the
past tense by the letter D and the participle by
the letter G."
"The use of this standard of abbreviation,"
Bill continues, "would most <ttrtainly pay off in
the resulting brevity of any cw or RTTY com-

OPERATING EVENTS (Dates in GMT)

ARRL-IARU-SCM-Affiliated Club-Operating Event*
January February March

8 Qualifying Run. W60WF 4 Qualifying Run, W60WP 5 Qualifying Run*

1U-J1 VHP 88. p. 64
14 Qualifying Run, W1AW
17-18 Louisiana QSO Party, p. 106
Connecticut QtiO Party, p. 120
17-19 CP Party, cw*
IS VEl Contort <rw p. 146
24-25 BKT, p. 65
Wlaoozttin QSO Party c\vf
p. 105
24-26 CD Party, phone*
Arkansas QSO Party, p. 106
25 VEl Contest phone, p. 146
31-Ffib. 1
Wisconsin QSO Party phone,
7-22 Novice ttoundup, p. 45 W60WP
7-8 DX Competition phone, p. 62 7-8 OX Competition ow,
I>eo.(J&T p. 62 Dec. QST
14 JJYfiquenoy Measuring Teat, p. 102 IH Qualifying Run*
14-15 YL/OM Contest phone, p. 97 W1AW
QCWA Party 14-15 Virginia QSO Party
21-22 DX Competition, ow, p. 62 21-22 DX Competition cw.
Dec- QST p. 62 Deo, QST
2S-Mar. i Vermont QHO Party, 2£-Apr. 19 IAKC
YL/OM DXConteetew, p. f>7 DX Content, phone
French Content phone, p, 86
28-Mar. 15 I ARC DX Contest, cw/rtty
•

p. 105
OOTC QSO Party
French Contest owt p. 86 !
* League official* and appointees,
only.

NOTE: Possible W60WP QualilytnR Run "alternate" (same schedule) is WftKRJ.

J a n u a r Y l 9 7 0 99
 tude of specialties, but there is only one 5BWA8
plaque award, and this is a "start from.Hcratch"
thing which will result in a scramble for low
serial numbers. Who will be No. I?
Official Observer Responses. Not so long
ago a letter was received from an irate amateur
who received a friendly notice from one of our
more energetic midwestern OOs. The notice
referred to an operation during which the ama-
teur concerned was not on the air, and the letter
figuratively demanded the <X)s head on a platter,
11What kind of 0 0 do you appoint," he demanded,

"who can't copy It wound up demanding

an apology From the 0 0 and pointing out that
calling an operation illegal u a condemnation,
even though the card says it isn't.
Well, we made a copy of the lett.rr and for-
warded it to the CO concerned (standard practice
in such cases, which fortunately aren't too numeis
ous) and at the same time wrote {.he complainant
a letter asking him how come he was such an old
grouch, or words to that effect. A few days
later we got another letter from Mr. Grouch. It
The word it gel Only Q S O i made on or after January l r seems he lu*d received the apology lie had
1970 count for this new 5BWAS Award. Full rules ap- demanded "and it made me feel like a skunk.
peared on page 51 of October 1969 QSr. If a public apology for sounding off will help,
please use this letter as you see fit
mmiication. This . . * would alleviate the crowd- The point to ha made is that most recipients
ing on the* various baods, giving the other guy of OO not ices who react indignantly probably
an occftftinnui chance to get a word in edgewise. eventually feel bind of sheepish about it (al-
Many of the amateurs are unnccesjarily con- though not many are big enough to admit it),
aciouB of their lack of speed, while other* try to especially if they have written headquarters,
send beyond their capability. What may sound
impressive to the laity frequently fr nothing
more or leas than accent on noise. What in of far BRASS POUNDERS LEAGUE
greater importance iM the matter of moving a Wlmiwn nf RPTi Ortlftoate tor Bcptember I'raftle:
OaU Orlj. I&cd. toL Oft, 7W
maximum of intelligence between any two given KfiBPr 48fel 2643 2U(J2 69 1 1CIIJSI4
ttacuis ...144 3196 2764 40» AMIS
points in a minimal space of time. This t& best WAU'PK 236 J167 *4u »*7 257o
done by a moderate gait in sending, together Wi HA 4 H9( K2K A* 1781
KfiBtiH 8 756 694 IK 1476
with the correct abbreviation.1' WttVK 121 674 614 21 1430
KflF ZX. 7 <146 OM 5 11195
"This is what Phillips Code accomplishes in ktfUNK 588 6*6 1* \Ul
VYAMCW X] M7 ^ 4 t*26
a precise manner, the abbreviations or contrac- WtfLCX 3 626 62$ 37 U84
WJtflPH J2 *s7 4HI Si 114S
tions Iiaving but one definite meaning and, KffTBV 1 Ml 66H 2 1122
for the most part, being readily understandable UAftoxfc si 4» m m r<w7
WAKHY..* U .m 26u lis 789
even to the uninitiated. The frequency of occur- tL?Kut 39 32U WT 36 706
W3EM1-. 52 «6* 26* U 052
rence of the more commonly used contractions, W6VNQ IB 31H K22 2 660
KP3S4 U *24 U 424 b4H
tied in with the text, makes it easily understood/1 WAKKl'X. 211 26V 272 13 677
WA4RUtt 3 UHl h 661
A conservative estimate of the transmission WSMPX .1AH 229 126 5W 651
time saved, says Bill, is 3 3 H % and, very fro- KlBGW .....149 196 147 2H JUN
W1PKX ** U&6 197 29 hi 9
quently, more. How about it? Want to hear WA2KKZ 173 11H I6K 46 504
T>at^ Report:
more? WA6l>W0lcpt.)....lfltt 1686 1295 U89 S62A
How About That 5BWAS? By the time WARWCP (3«?pt,).. 7 445 14 726
&.HLNK rffcpt.1 lU 247 316 9 6K1
most of you receive this issue of QS'/\ you wil K&ZHQ (Sept,) il 271 <J 270 641
KSLNE (Oct.) 12 H50 HUH 9 6HKI
already be several days late in getting started WAftWZF <Oi:tO 14 246 Jll) 7 616
on your 5BWAS award. It started ou Jan. Miirr»ThAn-Ovi4-Qperator ^tat^"1
K4HV 646 ft ft U 646
1970, y'know. Only contacts made subsequent to Bi'L for 100 or mm QriffUwtwn*~plu* ddlvtrie*
that date can be counted* IV7AXT ZSU WAftVAS 161 W20B 1W
W6MLF 19H WSTN 14! WSUCU 112
A cnt of the plaque award is reproduced on VVB*B2SX: 166 WA6UWL 118 WMBYJ 109
these pages. Of course the real article is in full VK3KMQ 162 VVBKYA 1115
klarc-ThaiMjae-Opcrator S tatlott
colorj and when a sample was exhibited to the K6TI8A 21* IVMWO 121
Board of Directors at its recent meeting one 8PL Mottalitonp July. 196k QS7\ p. 9tfj h m
director was heard to remark: "That American bmi awsinled tofcfaefolUnnng luu&teur* tilaee 1mt
nii>nth'i« URtlnfffl: W IKt
flag sure will look good on the walls of foreign Tbe BP U la open to tUl amfttpnrs \n the United Wat«H.
O&ruuU and U.a» Ponealona who report to their BGM
amateur stations." Won't it, though? a itteawe tntnl of 609 ar a Hum orlffloatloa and delivery
point* ut luo or mure for any calendar mouttt. Xu
So, let's get going. Remember, WAS certifi- mrjougefl mwvti hp hahdid od amateur frequencies
frith In 46 hour* of receipt In standard ARRL form.
cates and endorsement are available in a multi-

100 QST for

their director and/or the FCC on the subject.
But OQa are people — hamH like you and me
— and have a right to \ye wrong once in a wliile.
If you gut an unjustified notice from an 0 0 — one No. 1 W 4 Q C W
that doesn't check with your log and which you No* 2 DL7AA
know does not apply to you — for goodness tutke
No- 3 W1EVT
forget it! Nobody Likes to be toM his signal is
lousy or that he in off frequency or that his No. 4 W 8 G Z
operating procedure is illegal—especially if it's No. 5 W8BT
truel But the purpose of the OO program is to No. 6 W 4 I C
help, not to accuse, not to castigate. If it does No. 7 W 1 AX
help, drop the 0 0 a line and let him know. If
It does not, or if it's an error, don't make \%
"federal case" out of it. Let's not drive our 5BDXCC NEWS
00s away; we need more and better, not fewer,
of them. — W1NJM.

D Z C E N T U R Y C L V B A W A R D S Q

From October I, lUMI through October 31, 1'JtiS, DXOO ccftifuatoji bmd nn contacts with
100-or-more i*oantrie« have been tuned (17 the A KKJJ Headquarters <0 the atoateon listed below.

9U*et T f c e m & t *
WOJQ.... ..aoa W ,.114 JAAMB., r ..104 V02GD,,, ., lUL kotwiq.,. .wo
PY2VBE.. .137 OK2BF2W, - .112 8M7t'D... .Am W2DRQ.. .101 VK2PK iuu
YttRW. . AS* WftADO. . ..112 WA3DHZ. . ion WSL1K... ..101 WA2BHJ. ..inn
JA3FDA., . .127 E*J5MO. . .,1 tl YU2RAM.... im \YSftY8H. . ,, nn WfrYfK lou
DL1JK. , . ..182 AM .,110 DJ2JU.... . .102 WA3JKA, . «uu WA«TAX.,.t(10
KR8BA... . .1A2 WB28IH ASH WHFIiO... -.110 G3TMK... r ,1112 WfiUOX..
JAllJLi.... ,127 ZB0LB. . . . LOU l U K O B . . . . 102 WFMWKJ..,,tail
FPKlXi... ..luo WRBJ ino
9M2LN.., .12* K1ACJB K0EKZ. , . < . 102 K l U C A . . . ..1(10
WON J A UL^RH... .AM WAOONK .,100
WA3LUV. . .102 titWJB... .. 101* WVUY 100
LziKra.. IA
JA0A .118 KfllR KW6KK., ,101 KflGJ-y,,. .. ton Y O f i K A D . . , 1U0
i ' Y 2DOB. .,16a w;'N8I .117 ^ A B D . . . .. 1U4

K4TTA 138 WOUld 123 JAB i n * LOS Wat^KA. . . . L02 K6IR 10Q
WBBRJO.,, JflMWMt ..117 VV A 7 H O X , , 105 W4JPI 102 WAIHOY 1 .. vlll||
VF7AHD...202 FY2DOB W A 0 F V W . . 112 BTJVN U15 W2BIIB.. Jl)o
JA3lTUA,...197 i»Y9AI m 2S6tB Ji» BA3SA LU!i WA3EJG.. ,101
T»9KH 153 mr2DWA..,i3o VKALC 107 HM6AWD,, K02 WA4COW..IO! WOOOJ. ,.,100
W3H8| 1 M > 11147 WA0WKW.12B w i d y j e . . . . iue v e s f o y . . . . tua JJJ7JO iuU

EndorsemaiUiaHacd for confirmation credited from October 1, I960 throtuchOctobctSI, I960 are lifted below. Endowment
liatingtfrom the 120 through the 240 level are jiwa 1 a increment* r>f 2U, from 250 through 300 in ineremcnts of 1 a and above
300 in increments of JJ. Thetatelaithawndonntnpra-jwarily represent the » w t credit* given but only that the lurtiripant
DM reached Che endorsement poop indicated.
KlNlfi ISO WB2HMO W1DAL WA0LWE
KftDC DJ7CX G2I0 YE&XE DJ3FW KHUHB \muii WSOVT
W6PWW KflJWC JA4XW WA1UG DL8UF YSOBZY W4LXA WB2EUD
vnrvi moa^D PYIWJ W4FPW HZ3TYQ VEIKJHL WlOJi W4IA DJ2IW
WOBYB WOOOD WAOLZA WA2BEX WB6PRU W4VLM JA3BSD
Wtkyj w r n KlKNQ W6DR W7BB WB4AMT K4MRZ
TV6ABA K4RTA M'6JNM WAOVFK WJ34JCV K8B<i«
DJ6RX
DL3AR IJASUX W »1U W6E1F KtfYVll
KUHX \)7AU) K62IF 0Z3P0 IfiO U1MTP OK1CKW
WMBY \YB2MXL HP9HR W2GA DJ8FF 140 WryJJA VV4AOT
DTi7AB W4BRB W8DCH W8QQL
KOOM VE3KU WA2CCF DKiHA DK2BL W7FOD
WA4LXX W8ELK VB5KG K 301/1 OI.WJ WA«TYF W7IiV«i
W7C8W WA21JYQ W9MCR
W5B1L WASH FN VE6XJ K40RQ DIJSXA W7HI
1N0AQ W9HQF WStjrX WA9W.IK W7VWK
W4HKK" KMM K2PTU
270 WBMUM WffHTR HP8ABU K4LRL WDYVA/4 WA7ABO
DJfipA 240 weoo... WMiXQ VBSFYP KdDYu VV0JAU VVA7UQA
K3HHY K5KBH DLLMD TV8WU0 iftVCQ W1OTW KftUAK
VfilAFY W40RK JAfiAK W0CVZ ZLlAV IV2DKM VE6ARG

W8DE mom 260 240 WA8VFK 120

W6RL flAT WA1DJU arsuA VKMHL DL7FP
WfiDMB 305 280 JAlACftf DJ7HX Vt^fiNM 140 KWAK
K4JC EA7GF 250 klbdp 02 Ml AV2100 DK2BT K9tTDZ
315 K3F1HY uxv WlFXD K4RTA W6LDK KlIYD W20RA
WOJiNM 300 VV2(iRY PYlWJ WBVKH PY2QT OA0BW W4A£PP
PY4KL W4PJG W4DRK WA2CCF WA31WM W5DOD
W0NV2 W6KYJ WB2NXL W4JFW WflFKD
CT1PK 220 WAODOB LA8UI W4RKK W8JJA
W2FQD 200 270 WA8HFN DL1MD W«RU WA1DJO WB4JCV VQVCQ
W5JWM V3JK W4TRG WfiABM XElOOL VEfiKG ff4WVP W0KG

JoLnuary 1 9 7 0 101
 W60WP (WflZRJ, alternate) will transmit a qualifying run
uu a/wo and 712V kHa. 0500 GMT January ft, (In convert-
ing, U5UU OMT January 8 bccomcs 2100 PST Jan. 7.)

Code Practiem
tt'lAW transmits daily code practice according to th*
following schedule. For practice purposes, the order of
ivurds in each line may be reversed during the 5-13 w.p.m.
transmissions. (Each tape earrics a checking referenced

dpeeds Local times/days GMT timea/iJays

10T 1A 7*0 pja, KST daily 0030 daily
4:S0 P.M. P8T
7M, 10, »s3W tf&T ffinTTh TO30 MWFHn
13, 2(1, 25 T I Sat
4% 9:00 AJS. EST MWF 1400 MWF
tt 6:00 a,U, F8T
The Scene, Siarra Hamfest Tfw Dote, August23,1969. The 3ft, 30, 25 9:30 JsSBT MWF 0230 TTbSat
Sponsor, a 10-year ARRL affiDate—the Nevada Amateur 20, 15 tf^O P.M* PST
Radio Association. Thm Ccrsf, 5 elected officials (L-R) <« U;UU UL. hltfT TTh J4UU TTh
4«
W7PBV SCM Nevada, WA6JDT 5CM Sacramento Valley, A.M. P8T
i
W6ZRJ Pacific Division Director* W6KW Southwestern
Division Director, W6VZT SCM Santa Clara Valley. The 0230 OMT practice in omitted four times a year on
designated nights when Krpquengy Measuring Tents »rc
ARRL CODE PROFICIENCY PROGRAM made in thia period. To permit improving your hat by send-
uuttw jrf^jtw//* irMlt'rbutnotflTpr the alrlh and to allow
Qualifying Runs cfhncking the aueurauy of your copy nn certain tapes, note
Any permm can apply tor »n AKKL cude proficiency the liMT datew and texts to be Hunt in the UttlO OMT
award. Neither [fpagur mrmborabip nor an amateur lironse practice on the following dates:
is minimi, flend cnpies of aU qualifying runs to ARRL for
grading, stating the call of thf* station yon cupiud. If you J >nte Subject of pnwtlcp text from Nov««mber
ijualify at one of tliouis: apesds transmitted flO-3A w.p.m,i Jaii* 16; UB*em*tv tU, p. »
you will rrr*nvp a orrtificate. If your initial qualification is Jan. 22: TtaOZttntur \ *tgi UlmrtH, p. 11
fur a spend below 35 w.p>m., you may try later for endorse- Jan. 28: 7VaiMJfuift?fltt bin* Stctiw* < . . , p,
ment stickers. Each month the ARRL Activities Calendar Feb. 3: Amateur Htxfa} >'«Wv M r « , p. 74
notes the uualifyin* run <iates for W1AW, and W60WP
(WfiZR J. alternate) for the coming 3-month period. Date ffnbjnet of practice text from i fnd*r$tandittv
Wt AW D r i l l transmit a qualifying nm on all listed o-w. fw- Amateur M o , First Edition
queucipft at (1320 (IMT January 14, (Tn converting, 0230 Feb. ti: Tool* for Ststal Fabrication, p. 120
GMT January 14 beenmea 2130 BAT January IBJ Feb. 9: Drilling th* Cha**i*. p. 122

FREQUENCY MEASURING TEST FEBRUARY 14

ARRL invites iwery amateur to try bis hand at fre-
quency measuring when VV1A.W transmits signals for this
purpose Fobniary J4> 1tf70, according to the pfoeprfum
explained in the following text. CAUTION: Note that
since the date is given in Greenwich Mean Tim^ the
early run falls on the evening previous to the date given
by local time. Example: 0230 OMT February 14beeomes
2130 EST February 13.
Individual reports will be sent only to AHKL Official
Observer* who take part and submit entries. When the
arpragft accuracy reported shows crrur of lens than 71.43
parts per million, or Wis between 71.43 and 357.15 parts
per million, participants will become eligible for appoint-
ment by BGMs as Class I or Class IT OOi, mapeoMvely,
Class I and IIOO* must participate in at [east twu P MTs
yearly to bold appointments. BCMs atso invite applica-
tions for Class I I I and IV observers, guod it*riving
equipment being the main requirement.
Although OOs only will receive individual reports,
any amateur may submit reports for QST Honor Roll
listing. In addition, fastreimparisotwmay h» toaile
by listening to W1AW for the official readings. W1AVV
will transmit the results via a special bulletin <>n ur
about February 26- Thus, for OOs to qualify for an
official written report, rent]Its must be recuivcd at ARRL
Jiq. no later than February 25,1970.
FACT Procedure
L Do some listening an hour or so before the teat, to
get an idea of band conditions and consequently of which
band ot bands will be best for measurement purposes.
2. The KMT transmission will start with a general call
(QST) at exactly 0230 QMT, February 14,
ft, Tramcmfaflirm* for measurement* sutti fimultaruoutly
nfl rtUfrnflMci^t convist of 10-second key-down periods
inUwperarai with WlAVr idenHfication,
4. Th^ tbiw periods for measurement will start at 0297
r»0 metprs), 0245 (40 meter*} and 02JS3 (20 meters); for
the "late nm'% 0537, Itf4fi ami 0563 respectively. Bach
pifriod will lant for fivp minutes, inoludinn a series of
dtia at the v.tid of U. anil vt^nMtieaUon before tUe at«st of
the next period* VV'e yon make your m«murrments
in that order to mrincide as olowly as poMible with those
of ttie umpire. The table herewith ahowa the approximate
frequencies which will be used.
Feb. 14, 1970 6 tarts 0230 OMT Starts (JAM OMT
First 5 min. ;s&27 U U
Second 5 min. 704A kH*.
Third 5 min. 14vtii&klT*. 14.072 kits.
5. Vour percentage error is calculated on all the measure
mi-nts yon snbmit» so we sutfttt you omit any readings
m douht. Watch out for careless mistakes in arithmetic,
typing and other simple operator vrroTs which ean throw
your perecntaRe oft. Submit more than one reading on
cac>i transmission *<id, if possible, measure more than
one frequency, So ean strike an average.
No entry consiating of a single measurement will be
eligible for QHT listing of top remilU. Listing will bo based
on overall an/ag* accuracy, as compared with reading*
made by a profoegjonat lab.

102 QST lor


ilktatio
• All operating amateurs are invited to
report to the SCM on the first o f caeh
month* covering station activities for the
preceding month. Radio Club news is
also desired by SCMs fur inclusion in
these foiumns. The addresses of all
SCMs will be found on p a g e
ATLANTIC DIVISION
DELAWARE—SCM, John L, Fttirod. K3NYG—SEC'
PAM: W3DKX. AM: W3EEB. On behalf of nil the
Delaware ARRI* appointees* I wish you the twt>L of
holiday* and may the New Year bring you plentyof
tJX, Renewals: W3DKX ** PA'M, KSGKF an 00, W3-
RDZ as 00. WA3IID in workinga* a UF at WNRK.
W8HK8 enjoyed the CD Party. W3ZNF is 20-meter
mobile. The Delaware Si*-Meter Net is in need of
check-ins. Look for them every Tue, ntght at 9 p.m. local
time. The First State ARC is busy jptting nn 53,4 t.m.
mobile, The dub alao is holding 2-meter bunny hunts.
WN3LWB and WNSLWO arw preparing for 1-meter op-
eration. WAKDYG haa developed an f,m, adaptor for an
u.tu, transmitter. Check with John if you ant interested. N w a]>porntnnenffl! K30HW im RC1 C^rrnll County;
Net report: OKPN. QN! QT0 8: DTMN, QNI 26,
Traffic; W3EEB 50, WM1KX 36, WA3GAY SO, WA3-
DUM 16, W3TR0 13, WA3GSM 8, K3NYG 2.
EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA—8CM, Georg* S. Van
Dyke. Jr„ W3HK-BBC: W3ICC, RMa; WWMU K3-
MVO. W3MPX, K3SLG, WA8QLL V.H.T. PAM: W3-
FOa 00 repoi-ta were received from K3HNP, WA3IUV,
W3KEK. K3RDT. W3NNC; ORfl import* fwm WA8-
JKB» W3ID. WA3EEC. WA81HV, W3CBH, WAMFf:
OV0 reports from WN3LYC, WA3BJQ, WA3JWL, WA3-
fAZ, WA3KMQ. K3VAX, WA3EEC. BPLera an- WSOUti.
mVR> W*EMJJ, WSMPX.
Ifet Fra*. Opmliv ©AT/ 0TC RMfPAM
EPA 3610 Daily 6:46 p.m. 318 309 WflMPX
PTTK 3010 Dally 6:00 pji. 200 W3MPX
PFN 3060 MonJFrl. 6:80 p.k. KSSLG
BPABPATN 3017 Daily fliWJiUL 253 WA3GU
WNTN 3729 Daily 7:30 f.k. 81 117 WAftlUV
VtTP (6) 50.64 Mon^Fri. 7rf»p.it. W3FGQ
VHF<2> 1406 Mon^FrL 8:U0p.il W3FGQ
Npw OMcm for 1070: Penn Wirelnah Ansa.—WA8KTK, BPT^ handling treffic at the Seoiiarnma in Hsgerfttown.
pres.; K3PHJ, vice-pres.; K3JQH. treas.; K3J4 M ! P, -Thanks nnd well done" to the RMe. PAMs, EC?, sta-
ree. aety. t W8MJH, corr. eecy- The Mobile Sixers ARC tion appoinWrt and other amateur npei-atnrft whn re-
—K8FyX, pres.; W3BBC, vlce-pres.: WA8RFT, aecy.;
K3QMK, trm-i W3GS, WASHJft, dirwtom. WSCHL
reports RTTY ia a big help in traffic-handling. WSHML
reports the TCC load is slowing a hit. W3MPX ia on
ium. fur awhile. K8MVO had tn give up 3RN t*i-auM-
of the work load, WA8JWL imports the v h.f, net* need
some live traffic to tmiJd morale. WA3LAK is using old
ARC-A on the >%w« nets* W3BNR ia hark on th* rt*t«. up and mnintaming a section RTTL net? Time now for
On the sick list; The XYL of W3GM and K3QP8.
WA3EMQ worked bis first CD Party. WA8EEC reports
mtIluo! ia rutting into his Imm Mme but he i* active at
school station W3YR. WA2EWV is collecting informa-
tion on Lehigh AR3, W3AEQ. If you have any, contact
him. WA3CKA reporta a Dpw harmonii' Ht his QTEL
Net fnformation: Penn Wireless has reactivated its net
on 20.4 Me., 2100 Wed. and 1100 Sun. The Mobile Avers
welcome* anyone on it* net im 50.5JI flan. 0 p.u. K3-
WEU invites anyone to check in or just listen to hfs
Book Review Net Tue. ut 8 p.m. 60^ Me. The recent FMT Baspr. W2ZI-Awt. «CM: Charles R 'IVnvera, W2VP7.
result* ahow»l W3BFP 0.S p.p.m . W2NNC n.4 p.p.m.,
K3HNP 0.6 p.p.m., W3JET p.p.m. and K8^MA 61! WA2UVB, WtZl A very surrv^iful Annual Dinner ut
p.p.tu. W81CC Mil nerds help with ECs. Here is our
presmit standing: WA3LVN Berks WA8KTE Bucks
Co., K3YRM Cumberland Co.* W3FGQ Delaware Co.,
W8RLT Lancaster Co., WA8BYH T^high Co., WA3-
CNM Montgomery Cn.# WASH IT Phila Cn1( K3
York Co. We have possibles W2ZAT for Chester CoM
mid W3VAP for Lackawaoa Co. Remember, in an emer-
gency your willingness to help will ha nf little value if headquarters to Prineeton and Richhoro, Pa., with out-
Januoxy 1 9 7 0
TOO
ctivitie
vou don't know how or u^ere to give it. Traffic: (Oct.)
WSCUL 6806, \VZVll 1480. \VSEML 662, W3MPX 361,
K3MVO m t WA3KXW 151, WA3THV 141, WbWWU 128,
WA8LAK 127. WA3JZB US, WA3JGN 111. WA3LCV 111.
WA31UV 103, K3P1E 102, WA3MKQ 07, W3HK 80, W3-
HNK HQ, WiMTQ 73. W8RNR 70, WA8LVR 68, J£8-
OIO 57, W3DTK 64, WA3AFI 61. WA3GU AO, W3NNL
4dr WA9GUK 44. WA3JKB 31, WA3IYC 3U. W3VAP 30,
W8KW3 2ft. KIHKW 11, K3KTK 12, W»VA 12, K8FOH
11, W3CBH 8, WA3LMU 8. KSHNF 7, WA8JRY 7t
W3JSX 7| W8BUR 6, W3YR WA3JKO 4, W3KCM 4(
WAsaiQ 3, winy 3. waseec a, wabemq 2. WA3IAZ
2, WA3CKA J, W3EU 1, WABEVVV 1. W3ED 1, W3KEK
t, WaOML 1, W3YPF f, <8cpU WA3GAT 1.
MARYLAND-DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA—6CM.
John MunhoJlauii, K3LFD—riEC: W3LDD.
N*l Fr#qt Tim fXi?* QTV QNT .4fpr.
.if*.
MDD 3643 UIXKIZ Dsilj 3H iru KaJYZ/HM
MDDtf 3643 01307/ Dsilr 31 60 4.1 W3<W;/RM
MDC7TN 3920 2300Z 8TTS 17 123 10.6 W3ATQ/PAM
MEPN 3920 23002 OTP 22 67 :>3.7 K3IAG
16U0Z SS
MflTW 5n.4no o\m M WAam?
MTMTN14fiw206 0200K T-S 22 24 8.4 W8IPV
C\TN 146.1 03U02 TFSu 23 S 4.2 WA3JPI
WASIHw as EC. Washington, DC. Endorsements: WA3-
IJK as OPS, K3KCM ah OPH, W3MYB *h OO, WA8-
ERb aa OPH atirl K2TNO/3 as OO. QTA the iv<.<rd in
last monfh's column about W3LOT) resignimc—he> still
at the mike as SEC for MDCI W3CBG is going v.h.f,
on 2 tnefpra with a TDT. VV3TN the pleanure ot
Wfluoimng H rnlfogp xtations to Mf)T) s^winns in Hrf.,:
AY3YA with WA3CFK at the key. W9YT operated by
K30AE, W1MX with K3QDD pounding the lirssa, W3-
EAX with WA3TAQ nt the uunaoje «nd WA3GAY with
a TWaware V. oprmtor, W3ECP npyy K3t>MJ^ end
K3PUI got AdvanoMl Clans tickets sud W3VUH js back
from overseas. Your ACM is pleaded to hear from WA3-
JPI that OVTW htiifl is going HtroTig on 2 meters In
Cumberland Vallev. WA3LWT is shooting for ORR Our
thanks to WA3IFn^ and KSOBW for awpting EC ap-
imititmcnta. W8JPT, wnrld travetpr» attended the Tnfpr-
nationnl Navigation Congress on Aeronautical and Mari-
time Satellites in Hamburg, Germany. WA3KDS reports
A'MRAT hehH h talk by W0DX, AKHL flt its
Oct. meeting. W3CDQ still is hsmmrng despite a chest
cold. We need a volunteer to a*k WSGEB's boss to let.
him off nnof in awltile to ONI M«DD, W3CWC made the
sponded in a rnsl fine wsy to h mirprinp HMT for M1>C
on the evening of Oct 11. W&LQY'EC and her Anne
Arundel ARECera provided plentv uf traffic tf> handle
ami the N-ctioii n^ts, MDD atid MEE^'N, tonk rare of
it handaomrly. W3ZNW espc^ta to be operational with
RTTY on h.f. and v.h.f. before it's springtime in Cal-
vert Onurity, Who wanta an BMapnciintment for setting
nutting the final Toisrhr* nn prenaratioiis for the 1970
SET. Tmffir: W.UIJR 447. W3TN 334, W1ATQ 261,
W3CBG 179. W3DYA 176. K3LPD 148. W3CWC 137.
K3GZK 86, W3LQY SI, WA3HEN 76. WA3LWT 69,
WA80HT M. WA3IHW 41, WA3IYB 46 W3H0P 37. K3-
LFN 36. W2FA 31. W3EOV 30. K3QDC S^ K30BW
WA8GXN 23, W32SNW 21, IC3FQP 13, W3Z8R 13, K3-
TEZ '8 9, WASCFK 7.
SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY—SCM, Edward O,
SEC: W2LVW. RMs: WA2K1P, WA2BLV. PAMs:
the N.TEPTN tonk plat* at BarTrtt's Restaurant in
Trenton on Sat» Oct, 25. Among the members present
were Rixss and Helen Crmrow, tetter known as W4YLR
of Heltons t Fla1# and formerly of Anbury Park, N.J,
Russ reports many of the stations on the net as strong
Hgnsla at his "Florida QTH. It intereating to niite that
the DYRA made a two-hour TV broadcast from club
frtKndiPg report*. WB2APX h rmw Army MARK W30JM, **»i«y,; KSKGQ. treaa.: W30VM, uct. mar.;
etation AL2APX. Bob took part in the r*wnt A H R 8 K8VYO, direrfor. WNSNIrN, t.he daughter of WBSO,
fiiiprgenrv rfi-rrtixv, OBH K2AKY Eepurt.e transmiationB attende West Virffmm V WtZCZM is hh electrical engi-
Of five K'lMlnft during Oct. Uttirere <>t thp Uhprry fltil nwi- wdFi HCA «t Meaduw T^nd^ WA^LDZ hsa iwen
High ftchool West Amateur Radio Club ere WKWP^, nppoin^^d i^ominrinicettons liadio (itHrvr fnr RAC£SH in
; WAZJJKi, vioe-pm.; WA2BPL, *co\-treas. Walt Clonrfield Coimtv. WN8NNO ia nrwlv^lkenwd at Etna.
< inure. j» i»*f nwTnbrr ot many yaaip, e n d i n g fe-vvral WNXNGX ^tudien 'Unke V. imd the uffapring oi
vieckA m Florida. A new work schedule n r w i d n WW1U* KSFPJ. V Oloha W i" i w r at WN8LLX. K3^1AT is
imm k i t i n g rppulut tthpdule&r A change in wurk eched- awt. lTinclpal at the Westmoielend Area Vocational
tiIr hp* taken mrr r<pt irn'Miber, WAVANJ*, Hip upstate Srhonl in Yiiungwvwl- New aMpomtraents: WiM'Z/S as
New Yolk area a* of Jen, I. 1271), Pnrtinilar u u j K3HZI, VV1UT a* O K S : W U B O T ,
mpndation icih-k WB3VJSJ. Htfl load* the Mack with a WASiSG. W3KQD at» OVBs, EnrlowmnnU: K3FFJ as
rppurt of 1K3 iTPrtMfgif fur the Urolith Ort. if,w. OO; KftBDO rfh OKH: W3KLK, WAtfHfcU, W3KQD,
Bill in turn of our 'Tomieer" operator* el yrnn< «f VV31XMJ ea (jK8mv \>W officer^ nf the Hteel City ARC
Mich. 'J>am<*: u*»t.i VVH2VEJ IK}, WB2DRG Ml, K3KXH ore K3QYR, pres.: W3ZPZ, vic^pret.; W3ZDW, t c m . ;
tt. W2PU 27, U'SBhU 23, W2JX 22, W2UNP W21U WA3UB, and W N 3 t i A t ourr. m-y., who jiut ae-
2u, KKtiHK la, WSZI 14, W20RS J3. W2YPZ 13, WA2- '{iiitpd hw UenpTpl ( ^ m Irnpnn, S Happy, PrmpmntN
ANfi 10, WAttUHi i. WBJfePX 7, VTB2APX (Sept.) nnd Henlthy New Year to all with one rcwohition—<?heck
WASBltV M6. KSJtlXB Z.% WUU 0. \YH2APX 2 the «a?[piratinii dat« on yimr IteenHP, Trsthe: K3ZMP 4M,
tVAZlFH 2DU, \Y3l/)S TB7, W Sit ON 114, WA3AKH
W E S T E R N N E W YORK—SGM, Richard M. Vitaa- WA31BN 43, K3SOH 37. "VV3GJY 31, K 3 H K K 31, K3-
niM*. KZKTKr-.'Wt, hOM: Rudy W. Ehrhardt, W2PV1, HMH 20. VVA3BLE K38JN 19, WSKAT/3 1H, K3HCT
SEC: WZRU'I*1, RM«: K2K1K, YV2MTA, WtfH, W2KUF, WA3HS1 n. W3YA 4. W3UHN 3, W s h U 2, WaiDO 1.
PAM: \VB3Vftli, The listing of wetfen*net* appear* in
Juue Appointment renewal* are WA2BSG as OV8,
K3I.>NN at WO anil uK» and WBtt'PGflxOftfl, WB2- CENTRAL DIVISION
KPG graduated from Worcester Tech. and he* In 11 f U N O I S - ~ 3 C M ( Bdmond A. Metwter, W O P R N -
Vestaf. Ban-v ha& * iwur 500C, The Chautauqua Comity H B ' i WaHYU. R M : W A K H K . PA Me: WA2CCP and
Amateur R.til, Abkii* im* tvpfsater WA2UWK. uti thp air, WA9PD1 <!v.ii.f.) Owfc County T » : W9HPG. N*t r*-
K21XB laud* the jucTeiovd 2-meter activity in Kit lut^.
Welmm* tn new ARRL affiliated clubs, the Kodak
Amateur Knd*o (Huh and thp Welwter Kxpioror Radio
Post. WB2VVZ coiiMnuea wnrk nn hie 2-inp^r maIi. AT-rt tEK
7'irtrt
140QK Sua. No
T/r.
report
fmriHCfivrr, the project now nearinir completion New 1LN ?s760 Ice, Daily 137
iitaWM of the Mnvpntnne "Kadio ftncietv W2SBI, Nnt»N HMlftK |300Z Moiu8at. 1 125
PTM.; W2YRH. vim^pivN,; W l U » t a WHtCTiH
Nl#PN HtHftka. JKWZ ^,-Sftt. J
anvicmaly QiraiU the reiuit? oi his !Hhtrn CIum HI.WN MJftltc, 234AZ Nfon.-Fri. I 240
W&tt'AW thp n»rw IMimer C^imty W. WSRUK is ULPON 14»0Z Mon^Fri. f
in hmH ot \^»binfeern hx FO uml in thw AUKCJ proffrflTii 11L POM U y Me,
in H«vpr&t ffmrttifff in thefrn'f.irtxuC-InrH ilpplnrM the UI. POM &U.25 Me. (tu20uZ UuSE M.W.F.
M.W'.F,
27
8
lack »>t reports n?t*viv«:xl l»y mroe uf the I'ntPfnt IW^
The (^hemiimr C.'mmtv ARBC Ann. eVoted WAiTCZ, W&KFV, W9\V YR. K'VWMP, K9KAK, W K F Q t W2JUV/
liri'K t WA2JfMJ, WASZBDi Hf^v.-trrati.; K2- KOOfWl, VKI1SG, K9CZTT and WOEY pnrtierpated in
n ^ M , Kn'tnwfw?, WABl'ZP/WBSNNA hade «t
Rochester Te?h. mi'Ving nq hi^ MnMtprkN rjpfiw. 'Hie the ittretit A R R L Frequency Meaeuring Test. The Wau-
V.H.K, ^ocipty and Amatpiir Radio Club hae been
O N Y Chiiptpr tpi the QCWA held its Anntin! nimter
H^quct at the Hotel (Nieiila Nov, K WAMSCXU ih now
Kppmvpd by thp f^gn^'M f.iwHtive rfimmittce ha a duly
affiliated Mcwtv, New oOieere of the Six-Meter Club of
\VASLPB» The I/akeshoi* Amateur Hadin Olnh niiratf" ur* KOKNZ. K2ZWtr, K^YJQ, IC2ZWY, W0-
WHSOKM. an>l VVB8VKI. teeh, ni(fr WAJANK WHU WARN^'A mid W.WBWB, K6HAB r^-pptved hie
^'infinne^ vnrv nctive in Huh work, W2MKM baM Q^Yed l>lftHH liofnw, WOTTIV in rpmpcretin£ from an
in it new U^H »n Knrh^tpr. ffMttflF baa 9 m flp- emvricencv opiiration. W01WI is on 20 a.a.b* with a new
in^nU on 15 meti-rs. WB2VUO han applied t>ir ft HW-S2A mid working new D X , WA9LHU i« niohUmg
wouJH h« jctvHt help tn wp if o/f traffic eddTesned To me vntfi en HW-T2, New Hyr\t<™ AmetPiir Radio Olub
routed thmiwrh NVSPTWW i»r N Y K i N *iven to tfWtfYH) officers W A r f C C . WAMJIE. WAOUQO and
WSPA'I. WSUQF to hack at hia winter QTH. NYrf WAORPli1. ThP Yurk Radio CMtU a 2-nWer net
4bA i»lennrd with i>40 che^k-ins fur Oct U4A.5 Me J p v r y Mon- niffht et A?2Q (Inral Klmhunt
ThP mark K « w Valley AKtJ WASNND. t\Tf\?\ T)IF club'a call in WOPOfl/O and all Interested are
and VV2NOQ. •ecv.-trens. WB2DTV thP p*n*d tnthpp Bbked to vhpek in A rfir-ak pi*evipw uf the mpw Heath
of h tirw quad for ID metpr*, K3DTQ meanwhile lost i.rnHnrtd whh »hown at the 3rd Annual Heath Night
hi* 3»mpfpr tvara in n. ftorm. W.MAIV is inrv ftrt i w hp Id by tho Chieego Aree Te1rprint*re Horiety Nov. 5,
with hi* new (X"> uppnfntmpnt. Trnthc! (Clrt.j WSFR I j w i t t fninitv Redfo Club airein is hpofieoring ite pnp-
Slfl W«OR 307. WAJJPAL 9B2. W3MTA 8B3. K2KOC 21S, utar (wIP «itd theory Haawa, WOKKll het> H npw TR-4,
VVVUnp T«5. KSKTR 110, WB2hMT» 1H7, WA2BBX Sfl, nnd U9VHH ie ii^ititr & TR-3 and a anfr-h New otticer*
VVR2VNT> W B 2 R U 4P WT2HVM I V M W W 3H, of the Y e l W Radio Club» Inc,, indude. "W0-
WA2TCU ?ft, WA2AIV WttlBM J<2KTK tfl, K2- TDQf prpM.; WAOLDO. WAOQEf^ aee^.-
UTB tt. VVAtTiHd IT. K4DNM 14, W3CFP 12, W f f R Y
12. V/mtiW 12, WH3KKB in. K2IMI 10, ttWVI 111,
trPan.; aud W0FFP( 'lir. WAoWMI, TTA0KX2, WAWV^Y
find WB9AAE have iiwvned their Advanced tick-
VV2PZL tf. WBIRWR 10. WA2ANF A WB2VPKB K K2- ets. WA9PKO has patmnd the Extra Oleen pxam and in
DTQ fi WA2PZD 4. WA2GLA 2, VV2EMW ( Sept.) Wititmflr for the Fifj^rndod ticket. KVPAK Iihh been ap-
W2PKV fM. Tidal 23HK Lsnt year 3n«. p o i n M Redio Officer for TOinnebego Omnty, The writer
c»f thin Quliirnn pipiphw hie xympathv to the family
W E S T E R N P E N N S Y L V A N I A — S C M \ Jnha P. Wnjt^ «<Tiil friend* nf K S O W . who rpcputly pa»«pd awav« Traf-
kUDPto. W20.TY—PEO: WftKPJ PAMst 1V3WPK, K2- ti«: f i w . ) WflNXG 224. KBAVQ 211, WA0WN*T/» 193,
7iH P. HMat WA2AKH, W2KUN. WSI-OK. W3NFAI WOEtVtf 162. WAOIiDC 118, 1VOOT 112. WA2ZUB « .
Tralfip npf*: KSH^, 2S30 C-FMTi W W , 0000 O M T K9.RAP 8fi, WflYH tt, WflLNQ 70. W2JXV 52, WffDOff
Iro. N'nminatmR petitions will hn a^^-pted thia uuinth to M. v v A n r r o JK V V ^ E T M WAONZF 27, WAOBHQ 22.
M-Wt the ttif^t niitstnTidina unmtciir iit flip af*rtion to WOPTfN tK. tV\flTJXF 1R. W\01>HU 13, WOTiDTl 13,
bp Hur^rdpd Tf^mfd O. Kink, WAMfH, Atimifll K9F1SK. 14. KOTXJ 14. WA90BT 12- K9RA& «T WN2CIG
niorial AwDiti. Pet it tow* must he whmitted f in trlpli- 4. W0TPY WAOSDT 1, fSept/j WA9BRQ 110.
catp. to Jnhn F, Woitkiewicz, W3GJV f 1400 C^hnplin St.,
fntiwav, Ph. I502T. Thp 'rraffie Npt Haul 31 INDIANA—^Viiliaai .inhneun, W0BUQ--
siAn^, stations QMt and 1W meffarM^1 hendled. W3- Mre. M, Roberta Kmulik. K9ITO. S E C :
MGTyWA3KFX are a father-and ^ ho u ifocubmation;
WflW2'\V3UK'KHKTQ. u fHthpr-mother-MTH-»'n
WOKHQ.
\dvanre*J C k n lfeeam>ea now nre 1V3RTR.
Flft end WA3HBQ, WA8QMM ohnmx D X on 21 Me, Nitt Freq. Time Oft, Tfc. Afffr.
K&VHL Inpntrs i«n Quam %-ith thp Atr Knrert Kmni^i I FN 3010 |330fWly230055W-F 305 K0TVO
TTSEBX ii» now K4CHSN in Florida, Nev-lv-eteeteri ofR- TSK 3010 00002 Dailv2300 P-fi 661 KOCRB
of the Two Rivera ARC hiv W30FM. pre*.? WA3- 21302 M-Skt
IrWF vtpp-ppph : VVA3GKL, wv-i W A 3 W Y , tree*". QtN «!OOZ Daily tH2 WA2FDQ
WSRWTT te^ffl ATY on 440 Mr. WA3RGE uttendfl O r * Inrl, HON 8910 12432 Sun. 72 WA0YXA
We».fprn Rofr«rvP II. and opeiatPN W«KT>1T KAQYR re- tKD.POMV.HF. 50,7 0200Z Moq.-T1ititi. Ill WBOAMB
w-irPd M« H>4. dPDriw iiYtm PHt It. WSBBB xnd XYTr
viMint thrir ChriRtmes Holiday let M n w * . W \3MDP WOPMT, mgr. of the Hoosier v^b.f. net*, reports Oct.
joined the CHty ARC. The ^atp of oflieerd at traffic- aa tt. With d"*P regret I report W90EM, of Le-
thp Ktnn AHC ia KOTZL, pew.; KSOTY. t'ayette. ^nd KyJTO, of fndienapolie ae Ailent Keys,

104 QST* for

 KvCTGN, W9HCQ and WWTC1 sent in FMT report*. New N>t rrrtifiwitM: WfflflD, WA9ZTY niid WASEAN far
offirpra Fif the IKGC tore IC9JJYV. rhafimMi; W9BZI. BWN; W9EMC fur WIN. Keiiew*.! itppointm*nt*5 K9-
virp-ithalrmaii i WA9QEQ, rfvcy ; W9IMTT, t n w . ; \V9- WIK, WvlQW and WA9CJMO ^ OH8ft Wi»rQ\V tuid K9-
CKB and W9BVQ, diwftim Th* IBOC Picnic will be a* (id?, W9KKP hh UBH, K9WTK nn OW, KUGDF
miutiHOKri by the Michigan City ARO. VVWHPG, Central pai'ticipated tn the FMT with an prnir of
Division Oirei'tor, iva* down at the meeting. New li- jmuii. W9ZKU hsn nirpvcj to Msnnctte. KfiGDF led the
censees are WA9VBT nnd \VA«RZA, Gnwals, and <XK with 171 TiotiftPw wnt in Ort. K»OS(3 w«k i^ond
WABVVSX Advanced Class, New ffttiiw »f the Lm Torre with 34 Jioticp* !K.*nt, and baa added a Prnke TH-4 tn
ARC. KAMI, hi-H K9WHF, pM.: WA90CQ, vim-pi*.; his htntion, WflZBrD passed the Ailvsnrml ClatiH test,
K9LHC, =*!cv. W9EGY. H.1 of *I<ippei-*n«» Cwunty, re- WA9YCVf» dad rwpiypd hts Novfck-kK an WNVCHP,
port® the Red Cross held a Simulated Kmerpen^y Tpft Reports from individuals and clubs are invjted for this
Oct, 29. The Indiana Aiuuh-ur Television A U,HJ\ Club ••ohmm I»y thp BCM. TraHic: n > t i KttCPM 360. WA9-1
held its fall meeting Oct,. H hy rnuiimir it live telecast «KP 214, WflKW 747, WA9CJNJ H2. \V»1)M 7X, W9HUH
from thn QTH nf WA9M1A to the rfub. inctuw cm M, VV9KRO M, W9AYK 48, WAfPVKl/9 44. KflTHY 43.
m Mc, sutind rm 14AM Mr, KSREG (cave a talk on an- K9KTIF 38, W9KTP 36, HWlllW W9BCH 2S, K9KSA
tprtnev and how he wiw «hle to work 16 stalea on 432 Mc* 22, W0NRP St WUiXV 1®, WAVTHF tt, WAal.HW 10,
usinjr K9FKTJ *nds uut Bulletin* <.«n Tino kc, ut WA9PKM 10. K9GRC 4, W9JQW 4. \V9"NI 4, K«IH(1
0030 and 1800&. Ohih imper* mv piihlishpd l>v the Lake VVA9HAH J, WAttVCY 2, K9GDF L. (Auk.J WA9YCY fl.
County ABO. Goshen Ind. NBC, U Portp ARC, Allen
Countv Amsk'ur Rndio Trthnieal Society, Spack Tri-
State Amateur Usdin rinrirty and Bison Tnd. Radio
nirjb CftuitHI. WB9ATL U the Cntlif-ika! High rfrhool DAKOTA DIVISION
ARC entl. Q1N Honnr Itolh WA9KAG S3. WflCjLW 10. MINNESOTA—MM, U i w J. Nhmis, W0PAN—
W9QXF 30, K9HYV 17, IVAVKOH Iff, K9VTIY 16. Aj**- 3ECr WA0MS5W. RMa: WApiAW, WA0HHA," P\M^s
M// wiiiiri errjtr bt!rQH4G or thr fi*rr>rr i* trnrtvr** A BPL K0GYO, WA0MMV, WA0O15J. "WA0HRM. VH.F,
r?ert)ftrnte wvnfe to K9PBX. Traffic: f O t . ) K9FKX ISM, PAM : WA0DWM, PIpaw ii-tpr tn InAt month's
K9TVG 448. W9UEM 35S, WflHHY 238, W9FWH 235. for » Irxtinff of option nets, A i»ew trallie u*^. is the
WA9TJS 125, X0HYV W. W W ' Q K7 \V-\HVBM H4, Minnwkitn 40-Meter O.W. Net which mrrfs M-W-F at
WA9KAG IK, WK9AUB 81, WftTBQ 58, WABYXA fi4, <iti 7060 kr\ WHrnmp fu thp lusHlv^athliaf^d
lttCRY 47, KOCH* 44. IV9IC!!* 43, WriWQ W9T.O Mnnkato rtt**r CnJIcfic \M\ \VAtfTQT Ims « ww
33. WA90HX 33. W W W 31, W 19VBO St, WA9GJK 30. two-fJetuent Triband nuad. New Novices: WN07JVWr,
K9R.WQ JV>. W9YVX 2ft. WDCMT 25, KflVHY 20. WAS- WNtiZXVY. Thp MiuuJated tornado ilirafiter h<>U1 at
SBB 1ft, KflFTTJ 1R. W9PMT 17, WA9WMT 1ft, K9TT-K >*Hnitinatf>n in r>rt. ;y«h vpfy ffirvpi^lully handled hy
15, WAvOAD 14, K9JQY 13. KWH« 11, VTABTTMT 9, K0KPJ, Dakota County BO, WAOIAW, WA0TGM.
WA0RVL \V9T>7-0 R, W9HWR K91VGN 7. KDBHIJ WA0PDI"!. VVACOWBU. and WflDB'0 nsdisted
«, WA9VBV \YBIinK 4. WAUNC 4. WA9RNT 4, at thp ruwhe. W»» umi more AKKC1 meiidieitt, CJoirtact
WAUIX 3. (fiept.1) WA9VJ5M WA9WMT 8. W\0\1tW for information. T wwiW likft to thRnk
uppuiiitws tor thrir support in 19651, 8eotton activities
WISCONSIN—WM, Kniimth A Khrwter, KflOKfV- Htv moving jti the upward <liwtioT) km nvidenred hy
HKl! WBKQT. PA Ma: WAITOK. ' VVttNBP. WAJWIL the Fotlowiiri; statistics:
W9AYK ATid WA9QKP. HMs: K9KSA snd WA9TXN. Bedim tf^f y.vj QTC 4.VI
Tim* naffP Off/ pTf? Afffr, J4Q. Ot,
124WMon^at 412 245 WflAYK MSPN ^nootij 1066 309 914 256
BWN 3985 kn. WA9QKP MSPN , 836 230 973 23*
BWN 3ftR5 ko. 180O2S
HftHy TM 112 WA9QNI MSN 220 HI
W8RN »PR5 kr. 2300Z
Dsily WB 174 m 147
WAOTXM MiN 19(1 3* 812 114
WIN 011AZ
Daily W 14H KftXSA StAtioT) A^Mntr Reports 4A 72
3780 kr. mi)7<
Tii^ThiJWH&t. 71 IH K0GH11 Countv ECs 20
IV UN mi} kr. 0130Z
Hun. 19 4 WHKIIP AHjEC MemUrahip 25H fillO
60.4 Mc. Mon^SaL 120 0
BW2RM14&35 Me. m m Daily 22 WA9TZK
WWRIQ a n d W0OFX h a v e r e t n m « l t o t h e i r Ait/m
QTH. Gndoiveivieiita; WA0TX)T, W01BJ a n d W0OMC
OK^s; W0PAN HH OPS. AfipointmccitH: WA0WKZ
ah Offflj W0AJH. St. f.ouis Cnmitv (northv ami
WISCONSIN QSO PARTY K0KFJ, D a k o t a C u t v n t v k^ ECs. IVsflir: ^ OeM
WA0VAK 8Mt W0ZHN 234. WA0EPX ^zfl, WA0IATV
/on. Jan. 31-Feb. L 1974) 147, WA0THI 14IS1 K0ZRT» 124. KfilMW 1tfl. WA0KRA
108, WA0TGM m t WA0RP8 WA0MMV 71,
Wisconsin SCM K9GSC ahtrts Wisconsin ama- tt'OAZR 70, WA0WEZ W0HTTO R5, WA0OK.T
teurs onJy to the OSO PaTtir to ha held en- Jan. 62. WA0RKV WA0TOT 45. WA0V1R 44, WA0GPX
24-25 between 1600-2300 GMT both dates and 42, W0P4N 41. \\ A0HRW 41( WA0TA1) 39, W0F11IT
vhone Jan, [U-Feb. ] between 1600-2300 GMT 37, WA0VTK WA0TYT, K05RXK W.
both dates. Categories are phone 1*0-10 meters, 281 WA0KRNT 28, VA0VEB 26. W0BQO 23. "WN0YAH
phone 6 meters and up phone mubile 160-10 23.. K0IOG 22. K0GYO 71, K0PT/P 19. WA0JPR lfl.
meters and cw 160 meters and up. Exchange WA0UZW 14. WA0VT1G 14, W0TVP 13, WA0VYV
consecutive OSO numbers, starting with number 18. \V0BT'O J2. K01KIT 12, WA0DFT WQKUQ
one. RSTi and county. Yon mar work each I t . W0HMX 11, W A p l i W M 10. W0KNR 111, WA0KND
station on!? once in each category and separate 10, W^0OKF ^"OKUI f». K01.1T* 7. WA0KKK
loss for veparate categories are required. 7, w o r a r 5, w a 0 T L n y w n 0 y w a / 0 a. w o o p x
Cross band, cross mode and multiple transmitters 4 U0RTQ ^ TCtWBr WA0JPS 3, WA0RAG
»re not permitted. Contacts are not permitted on a W 0 A \ P 2. 1V0B8.T 2, 1. «ppM WA0TAH
nets in session. Logs must show time, station 2fr. K 0 Z X E 19. IC0JTA 17, W0TYP 12, WA0DFT 8.
worked, reports, band, emission, input, numbers rAti^i K0JTA 17, W A 0 r i T Q 4. ( J u l y ) WA0JPS 6.
exchanged utid county names. No power limit.
Score one point for each contact, add the mes- NORTH DAKOTA—POM. fTaroitl L. S h e e t s . W 0 D M
MMfte tiredrt if applicable and multiply by the num- -^FJO: W A 0 A Y U ORS: K 0 f P l I , PAM: W0CAQ,
ber of counties worked. 25 points can be added R M : W A 0 R M R . 0 0 : V V 0 B F KOP5TK h n x m n v M ' t n tl»«
to the ct>ntact points (before multiplier) if a mes- .^tato ..f W a s h l n f f t o n , \ V A 0 M E U ' a h n > t h e r . W A 0 Y B F , is
sage is sent in correct ARRL form to the SCM morinpr t o Wllliafcm. W0KfiJIC h m k for Florida via
stating the category* countv and input. This must MoIine k IIL H e rs u s i n a » v t r ^ i ^ l n n t h p t r a i l e r an
be tent within two days after the ennteat ends. A t v n t r h f u r h i m ••ri 20, 15 a n d 10 m e t e r s . K O R R A ' s
copy of the message with handling data must ac- \ ' Y T „ W W A t m C . hAft h a d « b o u t iu t h e h n n u i t n l ,
company the Iok tor credit. Certificate* thowing w h i l e X O B V T r n X Y L >» s t e a d i l y r e e o v p r i n ^ . V A O A Y I i
partipant's place and category will be sent to all n n d W 0 1 > M h a v r h Haft* of t v i o n t v m n
Muttons submitting logs. First three places will c o u r s e of a r n a t e i i r r a d i o a t Mtr TINT) u n d p r thp
also receive ribbons. Suggested freouencies: 3662 Oapfc. of CVmtimimic E d t i c a t i o n . W 0 3 7 M h a a a H a a s
30,400 145,350 and 146,940. togs must be nf r l r u - n a t t h e Y W A a n d ninp a t Vnltey J u n i o r
postmarked no later than Feh. 2ft, 1970 and sent High. T h e Bismsrck C l u b ha* affiliated w i t h the
to Roy Ptederson, 510 Park St., Jureau, Wisconsin Y M C A nnd hsn wf u p it* s t a t i o n , 1 V 0 Z R T , thw.
53039. Any violation of the contest or FCC rules T h e Y L W X N o t h a s s t a r t e d a c t i v i t i e s afimin w e n
may result in disqualification. Decisions of the ilrtya a v.ivk. A V 0 K M V ia helping: o n t h e w e e k e n d s a*
contest committee are final. NCTfi. WA0HDQ annotrnrm n mpt>hpwina nri at. 121KI
C S T o n 399A k c . , called t h e S u g a r B o w l Net. W 0 J W i s
e s - W 0 D A O , t h a t o l d H X h o i m d i n C a n d o . WA0TBH
^ a a Kitten hy a M a r k r a t i i a l l o w w i , U*lieve i t o r

January 1970 105

not, and ha* been taking rahto rtwts, VVA0RWM
axtd the two offspring WA0RWK and WA0KWL, havp
tnuinlpted 'lurking the counties m the state.
WA0RWL m*iviHi th* Lutheran front Award KKU rle
KT FATRA while his father, WA0VGJ, was inwnted
with the Lamb Award for adult leadership iri ecouting.
W0GAQ js thp iipw MARB tamrrtinator for W. Dak.
aficifeeding W0GQM. The Red K i w Radio .\roateui*
Club meets in the EE building at ND8U. WA0HUD
had 44 tJJNl on TEN.
NOhkCLW. Net 8B40 kc,
]5w*sions 16ehea1r-iRa 1 Tttu 3100 M-F WA&HHR KM
GooreRiyerlttOkc.Net
4 sessions 6rt checked* STfc. WBCDO KC8
NO PON MB fas.
19 msiffi* 913 nhritMna 1,4 Tfn, tot 1730 CtfT
WA0HUD, MET. &JQ. 0900-1730 OW
YL WX Wet 3005 ko.
lW«etfuOBi311tcherk-inf 15 Tfs. WKLV 0780WA0GRX, WA0MND
ami W0NMV
HORACES 3990.5
SOmsiona MAcheck-lnv 7» Tfr. M-FruK05PK RX»
1730sMionaM-F NCtis: K0ATK, KMF, WA0JPT, WA0UKD.
K m v , Alt,! WUNMV, VVA0HUD
IWOiftiwonnM-i'M^: W^AQ, W0EPJ, KrtPVO.
ff«HIU. Alt: Ww!DO
Traffic: COcU WA0HCTP 141, W0NMV K0PY&
K08PH 3ft. WA0TBH 21. W0DM 20. W0WWL
15, WA0JPT 7, W0CDO (l^pLl K0SPTT
SOUTH DAKOTA—SOM, Edward C. Grav, WA0CHT
ShiC; WAWUfc PAM: WA0CWW. AM: W0IPK Net
Mm*.: W0IMU. WAWIJ/t. WA0FNB, WWAiWN.
Silent Kevs: K0ALP. Following ia a list of Smith
Dakota ISrta:
/Vtf Time QN! ({TC
HUM PW mt mm Xfon^tt m worked. AH others multiply total QSO points by
Monrinjc 1400Z 48B M)
NJtJ-Nocn \M% Moo^at. 387
Kany SJwniTiBt M AA mutl Uaiiv 4A1 131
Late tiwninj? DMA \mxv/i Daily 1274 77
ARBO W5 M30K Hun,
WA0CUL is the new EC far Harding County A ROC
membenihip is up 10 aine* Aug. Traffic: WA08KA 165.
WA0PMB W . K0AJR 23, W0JETOJ 33, W0CA8 Mr
IVApUtiM IB, VVA0KU35 10, WAWHA 7. VTA0MWN ft,
DELTA DIVISION
ARKANSAS—KOM. Robert Kriiai-Fer. W *5TTS—
SEC: W5PBZ. RM: WBNND. PAM: WA5KJT W A R U
m doing a good Job aa OZK manager while W5NND in
out of th* ntate. WA5KJT rvplaoex WAfiQMQ a» PAM
Kngirr's tim jn|> keeps him oFf thp nets.
FIFTH ARKANSAS QSO PARTY
The North Arkansas Amateur Radio Society
of Harrison announces its fifth Arkansas QSO
Party and invites all amateurs to participate.
Rubs: 1) The time will be the 30-hour period
from 2200 GMT January to U400 GMT January
26* 1970. 21 Arkansas stations scow 1 point per
contact and multiply by the number of states.
Canadian provinces and foreign countries worked
during the contest period. 3) Outside stations
score S points for each Arkansas station worked
and multiply the total by the number of counties
in Arkansas worked during the period, 4) Sta-
tions may be worked once on each band and
each mode. 5) A certificate will be awarded to
the htghefctacuHn? station in each state, Canadian
Province and foreign country (with 100 or more
point*). 6) General call: "CQ AKK". Arkansas
cw stations should identity themselves by signing
de (call) ARK K. Phone say "Arkansas Calling?
7) suggested frequencies (phis or minus S kHz.)
will be: cw, 3560 7060 14,060 21,060 23.060; ssb.
3460 7260 14*300 21,360 28.560; Novice 3735 7175
11,110, Rj Arkansas stations send QSO number.
RS(T) and county, all others send QSO number.
RS{T) and state, province or country* 9) Logs
and scores must be postmarked no later than
February 5 and sent to the North Arkansas
Amateur Radio Society, cfo J. 1L Pander Jr..
W5WEE, 407 Skyline Terrace, Harrison, Arkan-
&a» 72*501,
106
Participation in OZK ha* been discouraging* All sta-
tions, regtrcNw of Htiepd or ability, are invited to
participate. COD grata lationa to WA5KJT, WA5LIO and
W5FFF on passing the Advanced Class exam, "WA5TAF
is jiow operating mobile in Oklahoma City, WA5CQZ
has a new HW-J3A. Net reports;
Tim* /W He. QNS -Vtat. iVffr.
OZK 0100Z 3790 11 121 WA5TLR
RN 00308 am 17 m WAftKJT
APN 12U0Z 59*7 NX) 1441 VV5VPW
PON 2130Z 401 W6ELF
EC Net 0000X Hun. WSPM
VHP PON 02002 W^U 5] Mo. 140 WA59KE
DXiNFO UU4U Mon. 3980 WA6EFL
Traffic: WA5TLS WA5TJB W5NND Jfi,
LOUISIANA QSO PARTY
January J7-1B, 1970
'Hie Hifth Annual Louisiana QSO Party spon-
sored by the Lafayette Amateur Radio Club will
start at t800 GMT Saturday January 17 and end
at 2200 GMT Sunday, January 1*. 1970. All bands
may be used, cw and phone (phone classified as
both am and ssb). The same station can be workr
ed and counted for QSO points on each batul and
cach mode. Louisiana stations score 1 point for
each contact (including contacts with over Lou-
isiana stations*. All others score 1 point for each
contact with a Louisiana station. Louisiana sta-
tions multiply total QSO points by number of
different states, Canadian Provinces and countries
(tie total number of ditterent Louisiana parishes
worked. Louisiana stations give QSO number, RS
(T) And parish. Others give QSO number, RS(T)
and utate, province or country. Suggested fre-
quencies are: 3600 3910 7075 7160 U$75 14,300
21,075 21.400, 28,100 and 28,700. In Louisiana,
certificates will be issued to the 1st, 2nd and
3rd place scorers. AJso, the W5TM Trophy will
be awarded the first place Louisiana winner.
Other stations outside Louisiana wiH be is* ted
certificates for highest scoring stations in rich
state, Canadian eall area and each country. (Note
that a minimum score of 50 points for UJ5. sta-
tions and 25 points for OX stations is needed to
win), Lugs must show dates, times, stations
worked, exchanges sent, exchanges received,
bands, modes and scores claimed. Logs must be
postmarked no later than February 28, 1970 and
sent to the L&yfwette Amateur Radio Club, c/o
Danny Griffith, K5ARH. 123 Normandy Road.
Lafayette, Louisiana 70501. Anyone wishing to re-
ceive a copy of the contest results should send a
stumped, self-addressed envelope with his lev.
LOUISIANA—8CM, J. Allen ftranaon, Jr., W5PM-
i^BC: W50K KM; K4AN8. VJfcLF. PAMs: WfiUQK,
VVAADXA* The Ontral Louisiana Amateur Radio Club
has opened its new dub iiouxto. The dub is located at
Cmsuu Beauregard up Alexandria \rny. incidentally,
this dub demonstrated fine Public Relations with a
station operating at the Rapides Parish Fair. Traffic
vcan drftpstrhed tn ali parts of the munt-ry as wtiil as
to Viet Nam, There was good newspaper publicity from
this activity Yours trulv adorns the a«v*r uf the
toXer Mogattn* Fnr Oct. 29, WfitJKZ saya Army MARS
activities claim most of his operating time. W50B
recently recovered from a bout with a virus* Bob is up
uiid DXlng agiuUr WALDH recently Addressed tha gang
»f th^ Artbrmi Radio Club. W4NQQ and WilNQR have
u loved their shack to the front of their house to avoid
interference from their harmonic f WfiVAQ. is the proud
uwner of a n«w 8wsn A00. ^VAffTXQ passed the
Advanced Class e*am. It's about time to consider
someone for SCM» My term expires in June, I do not
anticipate tunning agum as 1 nave had the position
For yean and feel there are several good men
around the state who should be considered. TVaffic:
VV5MI tltf. KlANfl M. WAfiWBZ 5S, W5CBZ
\V6£!A 10.
MTSSlSSfPPI—HtiM, CliFton C Comfort, WASKSY—
8KC: WAWWD. RM: W5JBF. We are all glad to
bear W5BW back on tha air after a heart attack.
WA6CAC was home on emergency leave from Vietnam*
Q52* for
WAJPTE was un 30-day leave, WA5MPQfoconsidering
"RTTY-" WA80UB and W8PDG report a v.h.f,i club
tains orjraaispd im the Coa*t by the 2-met«r iu»t
members. WA5IXC, K5VQA and WA5WJP are practic-
ing frequency measurement on the MBBN net frequency
whichtfhnnldhplp all NCtfto to ruTihrafp th^ir Hrn.
Glad to haw W50DV active attain KAYITW/5. jn
Gulfport, jA nhowinff up you locals in traffic-handling.
WAoSTM mped a* net mgr, uf MSBN herniinp uf
business pressure. WA5UBQ is the new net ragr,
W5HZQ has » new rig. WA5TWT has h jujw surtenna
that has increased hi* aignal strength. We am all
waiting to hear K5ZFM sound off on his new Swan
500C. Net time change* with the *nd i*f Daylight
Havings Timp am; MBBN, 8:15 km. C8T, on 3990
kc.: GCSBN, 6:30 C8T. oil 8025 kc,' CGCHN,
7:00 p.*. CUT, on 3925 kc.
TENNESSEE—SCM, Hairy A. Phillip*, K4HOT—
SfUSC: W4WJH. PAMs: W4PFP, WA4YBT, WA4EWW,
WM1TMA KM: K4AMC,
Net Freq. Da?* Timt 8m. QNI QTC Mgr.
TSBB »d80 M-Tu^tfiL 0030Z 24 722 R4 WA4VRT
TPN mo M-Hftt, 1245 81 984 56 W4PPP
Sua. 1400
RTPN 8980 M-F 1140 23 898 'iS IVA4RWW
TPOH H980 Men, 0031) 4 184 22 K4RTA
TTN 8980 Daily 2200 31 WB4HMA
TN" 3888 Daily 0100 dl 95 30 K4AMC
ETVHF 148.2 Tn^tTii* ouuo 8 76 WA4TJJ
ETVHF 8(1.4 M-W-F OOUO 12 13.1 WA4TJJ
1 urge everyone to resltter his station with his EC
and hope all AKEC groups Iihvp prtablisher! rnnfnct
with tlie Red Cross and Government agencies, ECs
should inform SEC W4WJH of their activities during the
Mirmilated Kmprnency Tent, KM K4AMC i* doing ft
fine job as RM and i* mailing out a To. Net bulletin.
The Tn. Tmi-Mefpr Net had it* flrfi* tn«-t1ng at
2180 KST Nor. 4 on 28.8 M<\ NCS WA4YON was
located in Knoxville ami stations rhecked in from as
far away h* Manchester, Cnnkville, Cleveland nnd
Greenville. The QNI was very iroori, so join in no
matter how far awav you arp, WB4H8H work* with
2 watts, 28 atiation*' worked WB4CFI. W40GG* K4RCT
and WA4YHO one night after the T88B fur the
Memphis Reeqnicentmnial Award, Traffic! W40GG 181,
W4FX 135, WA4MAK 184. WB4JFT flfi, W4SQE 91,
K4AT 88, W4WBTC 49, WA4CGK WA4GIX Id,
WB4JTB 15. W4PFP 1G, WB4ANX 14. W4K1T 14,
WB4EHK IS, WB4HW 12. K4I-TA 11, WB4EHD 10*
W4l,BD St. WB4DYJ 6, W4LHE 8, W4VJ 8. WA4EWW
4, W4SGI 2,
GREAT LAKES DIVISION
KENTUCKY—3CM. Georjre & Wilson, JTf. W40YI-
SEC: W4VYB. Appointed: WB4AJN ™ B(.\ K4PXN
H* DO, WB4FJA as ORB. Endorsed: W4BAZ aa RM
CKYN), W40TP as PAM (FCATN) and OVR, W4Cm
as EC and ORS> WB4CTV HH EC, W4TOY ns OVR
Knd DO, W4YYT *» OPR.
KRN 402 QNI 24 QTC KYN 375 QNI 281 QTC
MKFN 428 91 FCATN 328 66
KTN 788 134
The key of Henderson's W4MWX jft silent. 73, Sprip I
Owtfnaboru'p Novice ClaflM, tutored hy W4UX is jcoinc
irreat Kun<. W4KUK in In the Oinry area "Amateur Hall
of Fame." Harard boasts WN4* KWO, NZei and OKF,
while newly-ticketed WN4KCY is the XYt uf WWtOll.
rOU. incidentally, is Koinff fnins on 8< The
Kpntnrkiana HO put on a b\R bouth at the Louisville
Hobby show, and traffic waa hejns pu^lied by VV4HA2,
WA4VUB and company. VY40TP ia on 8 f.m. He eavs
a 8-mntpr trsnsmitter hunt will l>e in the Tjouiaville
area.r WB4HUS was iniK£ 9RN in Ctet. C1wpnK>)oro
ARCs officer* an- WJ^41ZV, \VB4IZX and WN4MQR.
A nnrtaWp repeater, complete with power, m m the
worita at Owcnsborn, We have 69 tnp-noirh i^nple
holding; 07 ineaninitfu) Appointments; many other* aiv
drdlcnted to public servM. Help protect our fre-
quencies, join AREG» join a tint, rppnrf., Tinnt iuht sit
t W . Trufflr: (Oct.) K4DZM 2!(ft4 WB4HITB
WB4KPK 212. W4BAZ 78k WA4DYL 76, KMT AN 72,
WA4VZZ 87, WB4TLF 62, W4dYI Sa. WB4FDK S8,
EC4TRT M, WA4AGH 48. WB4EOR 38. W4NBZ 38,
W4GTP 34. WB4FLA SO, WA4FAK 2n, WMRQItT 25.
WB4GCV 23. WA4MXI) ft* K4HMN 20. WA4VSW/8
J9, WB4KQY 17. TT4VK 17, K4nOE 14, K4AVX 12.
WB4LFK !1, K4\T>0 10> K4FPWr B, W4KX-B 9, W4KJP
7, K4FXN 8, K4YCB WB4LKP S. W4BTA 4. fSopt.)
WB4TOU 48. WA4MXD 39, K4FPW 19. l«HOE 10,
W48KB 10, W4NBZ 9. Total: 1810.
January 1970
MICHIGAN—BOM, Joeeph U Pontek, KSHKM-
Asst. SCMs: flodwr C. Phillips, "WA8LWK; Howard
A, Walker, WSJTQ, SEC; W8MPD. RMs: W8GAI,
W8JTQ. W8RTN, K«KMQ. PMba: K9GUU, K8J
VMJf. P.VM: W8CVQ. Appointments: W8ACW, W8AP,
K8DAC, W8FWQ. X7NHV/7, W«PBO, WA8SQO, W8-
WVL HH OH***; VVKA<!W. KXDAV, WAUWKK as OPSs;
KKKC1T hh 00: WA8AXF ns EC; WAgDHP as OVB\
WAVMTX OB8, Silent Keys: W&AUD, W8-
OGY, W80NH.
Net frtq. yAf/ ^m. iVffr.
QMN 23CIU l>su!y m 3U1 GU W6UAI
W'&te OQOO Daily 788 l$Q 31 K8WKJ
UPEN 3920 2230 Daily 451 38 21 WA8LHU
PON-DAY 3937 18U0 Daily 878 824 3U K8LNfi
LrLETN 3932 (I23U Daily m lfty M\ KMM
tfH/MKN mo2?3U Mon^Mkt 848 m 27 K8UI6
POX-OW 3848 IMJ0U M^&t. 182 13 28 VE3DPO
MftMTN AU.4 UUUU M4$at. 171 38 21 WA8LKO
WA8NLC, WA^VGg and WA8VBZ are attendiniE Mich.
Tt*ch, The &tu Rockafellow ARB had a successful Spook
Patrol. WfcFX added a WJR 1921 era -'Blue Ruecr* to
his U& (*ollectioT) nf keys. The Tawas Hamfest was its
iibuai Miecess, W^DX worked a good pile of JAs during
its DX Contest. WttLNU is retired and is W7FVT in
Ana. W&KJT now in VV8JG, W8YI.Ar is W8JV. W8WQU
W8JU, W made n vtsit to ^V0-Land. The W8-QRP
Net metfttf Sat. at 01002J on 7080 kc. New tickets: WB8-
CMQ and WB8AEX, General; WAttYTL, Advanced;
W4ALP. Kxtra; and now W8K\V« New officers; Catalpa
ARB—KS1LN, pres.: WASOIU, vice-pre*,j K8ALF, seoy-;
WA8YHA, treas. S.E. Mich. AKA—WA8NYK, pres.;
WftKAZ, vice-pres. • WA8SJX, aoey.: W8GV, treas. Mo-
tor City RC-WASVSQ, pres.; WN8DIJr vice-pres,:
KBHFN, treas.; WN8APM, aeoy. Blossomland AR.A—
WASWTS, prtfcf W8IAL vhe-pwa. s WA8WNZ, eecy.;
W8CGUt trees* The Hills ARS-K8RUB. pres.; WB8-
ABiV, vice-prea,; WA8ZFN, secy.; WB8AYH, treas.
I>oes your cuunty liave an active AKEC program? If
nnt., rhprk with j*our EC. Who js he, you say? Check
witli VV8MPD1 You miffbt ha\*e h job upeii for you. It
can bp darn good fun as wril as an education. Also, is
yorjr rlub afBliated? T^et me know if not and will help
yon eet hi. Traffic: {Oct.} 2£8LKE 880, WA8WZF 818,
K8KMQ W8.ll*Q WA8HQC 204. W«M<> 1*1,
KHGOU 11)4, WA8LXY 94, W8NOH 85, W8IXJ 84. K8-
MXC 51, WA8TBL 31, W8IHR 78, W8IZ 72. WAfiONZ
SS.KftHLf 53+ W8HTN A0,K8HLa48, K8TIY
40, KflJEt) W. WB8DTT 87, WHlUO 31> W8TDA 28,
WH8ANH WAHEjMW 150, W8MPD 18, W8SWF 18,
\VA8HL\1 18. WA8LWX 14t W8FX 12, WB8GMQ 11,
W8AGQ 4, WA8ZJM 4, W8BEZ 2, W8W\T 2, WA8MCQ
1.1.Sept. > WA8WZF 725, K8LNB 881.
OHIO—SOW, Richard A, Egbert, WKETU—Asst.
SCM: Roger iiamutt, K8UDG, 8EC: WW rip. RM:
W8IML PAM: K8UBK. V.H.R PAM: WA8ADU, Oct,
ni?t reports:
Yrf QNI QTC X***. fWff- Time Mar.
03SBN 2218 f464 70 »V72Ji IA3U4234AZ KtfTBK
BN 689 »4l 80 2T580 nnoo <fe 0300Z W81MI
50.81 00002
06MtrN 470 132 81 80.18 02UUZ WA8ADU
OSN 198 71 31 8880 2H28Z WA8VNTJ
Apricot 240 W 31 51.0 OOSfft K80NA
BPL certiflostea for Oct. traffic poes to W8UPH.
WAkBTX, WA8DWL, WB8BZX «tid W8CJCU; cW ' N
rvrtificatefl to WAltf4H.lt, WftHAM) and K8KHU; BN
certificates to W8JB, W8LZE, WB8AL11. WBSCKL
WA8ZKC, WA8BZR and WA8TYF. W8CUT provided
184 phone patches for Iloapital Khipe nmr end
Sifrtrtmiry diirlna With regret we report the
rollowing Silent Keys: K8ACP, WA8QN1 and W8FOO.
Genera RCV nt-w nffipera WABAPY, prw.: WA8WIA.
Aerv.-tieas. Columbus ARAV officers are W8ELE4 pres.;
K8IJF, vice-prea,: WA8F8Z, WB8AKO. trwIN.
Oanlrtn ARC'S ntficer* ntP WXPS50, pm; WA8TUY,
vipp-pres.: WA8RIV, yecy.: 1VA8SOG. treas. Lancaster
and Fairfield Co. AftCSt officera Ht» WA8t?Klf
WftAPT, WARHJH, swy.: WA8VCV, treas.
Westpark Radintia ia conducting it class for aspiring
Arlvaneetl ttiid K^tra Class lireti^H, WA8AGV has
riiwv-il fn 1'ittsbnWA8JXM reports the formation
of the Quet-n Citv Repeater Assn. WSQID in temporary
ilinvMr and WA8JXM is dningt the hw-y. job. x\lso in
Cincinnati, WA8COA tolls u* that a Cincinnati Area
Amateur Radio CoiinciT hnn be^n etartpd, J attended the
fnJI nifHtinp nf thp <ih\<\ CmunnT "f Radio Clubs in
Colnmbu*. For tliose not familiar with the Council,
it's intended to comninp the opinioiM of the member
clubs and nets and present the collectivefindingsto the
Division Director, The Great Lakes Division Director,
109
WftWC, rncularly attends UCARC meetings. Fnllrming
the Council meeting, a gathering of the taction's ECS
wan colled und conducted by WSOUU. Class I Oh-
wrypr* are WKJKG and W«BU, WHJJFW and WAHDUL
participated is the Bept, F M T , Kith W8GRC1 Averaging
0.2 parts per million for t*n measurement* WKUJC la
Kidding < Mfirial Bulletlne « a 7197 kit. at MD W T
under 10 w.p.m. WA8YIB lias been appointed OPS. We
now haw a total of 163 appointee* in ihtt itfctian.
We chii uim mure mjpointpea, particularly 00a and uBUs.
A look at the traffic reports below shows that 104
Ohio section ha*us touk the time to rvport their
traltic total* in Oct. In addition^ nhnut tifl reports of
other activities were rowHwi. Traffic: (Oct.) W8UPIT
1143, WA8ETX 577. WABVNU 304, W81J5&K 265, WHQCU
2.W, WAHDWl* 346. WBSB8X 230. W M N L 1R3, KSUNA
i n . WK>B WBRAKW 150. WA8KOQ 143. WAflSUN
HI. WAMUPI 140, WSIMI 134. WHCUT 131, W8JD 131,
WASKTW 136, WA«rJXY 133, WMH WA8WAK 113.
WSCHT 109, WASDUL 107, WA3TYF 104. W M B L H
102, WAWKJO W, WA8Y1B ft, WASWJtt W*PMJ 78,
KMlKV W, KOTRK 76. W8GRT 73, WA8PKN Tl,
W8LRE 67, \VB8ALT1 64t WB8BPB 80, WMDBV 55,
W A » C Q 53. W»UX 54, WBtfOKI tt, W#KGD JO,
WAVUUP 51, WAHVWH « , W A S A W 4G, WASPTK 44,
K8BYR 43. W8GVX 41 WA8QFK 41, WASFBX 39,
W8GOE 39, WASYLW 39, WSDAK 38, WtHPO 34,
WASYHN 33, WXAJ5! 31, KKHF 31, VVA8TKM
K8ZBL 27. VVABKPN 24, WASZTV 24, W8LAG 23,
W8MOK 23, WAS8HP 33, WASCO A S3, VVA8GHU S3,
KSW3TT 21, WBUUHW 19. KKEHU W, K'HDDQ 17,
WA8KKC 17, WAWQW 1», W8GRG 14. WflSHll 13,
WA8JEH 11, WA8TRK 11, W810 10. WAttLAM 10,
W A AM HO 10, WAS Y PR Id, W8BU 9, W*NAL WSOUU
9. K8QYR W8WEG W81-ZE S, KflPBTS 8,
WA8VVN 3, WB8AKU 7. W8ETU 7, WBtfCBH 6,
W8KYP 0, KSLFf 5, WSAEB 4, WAAL 4, KflOKY 4,
K8DHJ 4. WJKLti <> WAIBP KHKKG 3. WAKHXJQ
3, WSVND 2, WAflZUK 2. K8BPX 1. WB8EHI 1.
(ft-pt,i WA«YTH SO, W81LC 14. WSELB I

HUDSON DIVISION
EASTERN NEW Y O R K — M M , Graham G. Berry,
KtHJN—Aart. .MOM/RM: Jtutk Kf Hiw, WA3VY&
SBC a W1KGC. PAM: WB2V.1H, VJ1.P, P A M : WB3-
YUQ. Am-fton flate; NYS nightly on 3875 at 33002-
3690 nightly at 2300Z: NYBPT&EN nightly on 3933 at
2300Z. Renewals: WA3VYT, W30DG and WAXHGB
ut OHSa; VPA3YYT an OPS: W3CR8 and K1DNR as
OVBr: K2RDB an OBB, Appointments: W B ^ U V n»
OKB; WB38IH us OVH On the Huh ftrvnt:
A ft A heard W1KFH npeak or Hi-Fi at its
Oct. meeting The Syracuse V.H.F. Roundup jiulled
inany ENY v.h.f^ris. Schenectady ARA's AuetUm Night
wax held in (tat. The Communications Club of New
Uochdle members heard WA3TEQ speak on digital
logic circuits at its Oct. meeting. The Albany AAA
ulao waA fti7rtiwnjindftd in Oct. (Jla$sc*t The Hchenec-
tady Club haa a rlass in progress at Niskavun* 118
Wed.-Thura. New Hochelta ftfarta again Jan. 13 with a
Novice higher grades later* Any other*, please
report direct to Communications Dept. at ARRL. Hie
Hudson Council already is planning the 197ft convention
with K18JO, K2IES ami other RNY Ktationa on the
mixjuiittae. Individual *toiifm activitUt: The new
RACES setup in New Roehcll* hat WJDPT aa RO.
amisted by WA3VFSG. KS8JN is Communications Chief
lor the rrty. W1PV waut in Kurope in Cirt- AVASDRP is
now Kxtra Clout WR3JBT is **hwf op for the Red
Cross Albany Cy RACES. W2TPV will he in the
CapB Cc>d area hy j'Mir-end, txx>)c for WASQY from
ticout Center, Rye, under the assistance of W8ZNE,
K2SJO. KttEB, W2NVB and WSPBL. Tbe htation is
ununited by Kxpilorpr Port with 7 liopnsrd members,
KSKbJ has a new 30-ft, iower with beams on 3 and d.
WA2YFR has a new HW-33A. WA2VL8 ?a now Ad-
v&ntfed Class and trying for WAC/QRP. WB2BXL
ban a new SB3Q1-401. Attention club secretaries: Please
report new offioers/directors for 1670 fnr this cnlumn.
The WB1AAL Net moved to U1M Nov. 15. K3JQB,
K3HHZ and K2YCJ are sponaoring Explorer Radio
Post in Hutchinson~8lwanoy council, B&A. lower Wast-
vhent+r t ^ i n t y wvh. Traffic: WSKAV 210, WA2VYT
WA1VYB 78, "WB2PUV 44, WB3VJB 40, W30DC 38f
W2TPV/3 38. K28JN 2S, W1ANV 23, W2DRP 10,
WA2WOS 14. WH21YO y, K2UYK 3T

N E W Y O R K C I T Y A N D LONG ISLAND—flCM,
Blaine K Johnaon, K21DB—Anst. S C M : Fred J. Brunjes,
K2DQI. S E C : K20VN P A M : W2EW.
NL1* 3630 ko. IWlff/2300 Nightly KSffAT RM
N LI VHP* M5i Mfe. 1S30 MtWTF W^RQF PAM
MLIPfaone* 3d32 kc. 16fl0 Daily WA21TWA PA M
Clear Hse 3926 kc, HOD Daily WA2GPT Ate.
'
Mift Farad 3023 ks 1300 Ex Sun. K2UBO M
Gut ns Mtt ke. 0001 Nijthtly KMrBQ Msrv
All tJve K92ft ke. 131)11 win, K2AAU MRT.
NY8PTEN ^925 kc. imp Jttly K2SPO Mcr.
•Srr/iwp -Vrf». -iW time* above ate total.
Listen, I his is MIV J**t report a* the Kent ion <'nm-
nmnii'ntinuM Mnn&tfuv ut the New York Citv and Long
Hand tfeetinn. I withdrew from the tWV election far A
fourth term tormifr* Hint doggone info that pruvidea
fur mama oiirl the Rung hat* heftuii to fight W k . \ut
only that, hut 'iMth i« vmnir'Mii m high echool. another
in jiuuor tilth and three niufe in g^ude arhunK gu«**v who
<vniered the itmrktt on dummies? f had i>n wirirr
time vt-itU houiewoik in collet* than f do with the
ttipw ptiy* urn tiringing homr-? Anyhow, N Y C T I
cover* «even hiinv metmpoJitatt minitirx t Bronx. Kicifn.
XawwUi N T w Vni'k, tyieen*i Kkhnium.l. SuRnfk) with
« lurpe inltection ot atnufeur* m the A K R L structure,
The paper stork ;drtn«» (« viioiiuh tn trip ri flu Hoping
K«rfliivle dm! demand^ thp nffenfi<m n full -time
K'M. hv the time you rend thiaf ti21Mit, vroir
iww ndl-time type mil hnve taken <*fKce.
nf n Nation thia ain> in IIUJKIWOMP without
the invaluable a«*t*tAnre »»f rhp t^*<l»rfthip Appointee*,
f ;isti tfixtetul tn K20YN\ the SEC during my three
teiniK, and hn htnff of Kmei iwnrv Coordinator* who
Are: W W 4 r i T fEC-fl, TTampfuni IVSBciT iKC-Qneen*
U ' U L K i WMfrmpateiid W2PT tftiC-Hawaii
Ctvi- WB1FXN (KT-Kinta 01. WA2GAB ( R T - K u q n 2),
W2UAK rKc^HnPtinRtrtni, K a H T X iKO-M.tffnlk Otvi.
W2IAG I'EC-Quwnv' Id), K & W T ( W MJIUS-IM Hi,
W20QT (EC-Bvmkhaveni, WB2RXB <KC-Qneen« n y « ,
WSUAT* (EC-No Hrtriirftcffd 2), V A I U C P <EC-Kinjrt
Cfv>. W9VKP fKC-Tfirhroond Otyl Add \ttZAT f K C -
M y thanka alan *o to thrw KC* who have
previously Srr\fced hut can not lie identified T
loentp thn»p im^t rprtvrd*. I would alw applmid
(trHitd nld truffle-handler, W2&W, ivlm ha* the
VtH.F* during all three terma and hi" ^ihort,
^VBlttQF, uho ha* heen P A M for N M V H F ain^e
Nov, T ! ^ finute Afana^-ra were: N l f - m P L
(1 B4V WASKXP M P F T (4-MI. K2T)XV
WASUWA ^ and RSUAT H H j f.w Nl-a WAJUUJi!
4A.A4), \VB2PLI <4 441 find WB2UQP c13'0fli. Phone
Aftvity Manaa^M for N U P h o n e wt'iv: W A M J U r2 H<i,
WB2HWB (18 «4>, AVB?HX\r Ctl fift): W B l ^ L H (11
WB2HQP (13-67), i n H Z E T { 3 . W and VV AtUW K ( l / W -
T o thenr- folk* and all the manv other* that have
frppti Mii<*fii|htt»rrd at. thp nnlio chthn, luoetitiGPi ham-
atiptinnn. eaiimifjnna. ofr-. It hmn hem n d1«t»nrt
plenwire kuowbir and workinar with you over the paat
mx it?art. It haa heen I that have benefited from know-
ing ycvi. My thrwka alact to the A aid, ftCM,
K2DGI ( r m , who now hpmmp« the HCM. Plea^
addreas all future correspondence to him: F m l J.
Hmnte*. KSDGI- 71 Ivy Drive; Jericho, N . Y . 1175J,

N O R T H E R N N E W JERSEY—^CM, Lnniae Jr Amoro*

MII. WSSZ-hHH: K2KDQ. WfttAKK. PA'Mc
W2PEV, K2KDQ. WASKSCF and WA2TBS.

\ RP^ClflpHionNet Hrfcpdulea
Ntt Fttc. Tim Hayt QNI Vft. Mcr.
NRRMR OTT WAITAF
JNJN YRFW^IC. LLY 31 377 MA WA8BLP
XJN totylke. iOiOOp.VI Dy ISO lin WA2H(*V
ft:0Ap.sr. Dr 25 190 24
N'JEPTN' an5i>ket ft-ifli-.M. M A L m 606 JW4 W2PBV
KilfitN WW Ice. fi^itFjL Sua. 4 A7 49 WA2TB8
NJAKT ^n^aVp. M-F U WAiKZF
P\*ETK 145,710 kq. 7:30 p.m. Dy W IKR 1*4 KJICM
ECTM US,710 kc. Dy 31 137 HO VVA3TB8

VPW ftpjointmeflt*; W A t F R Z aa OPfl aiul OHfl. En*

doTaementK: WSC^VW n* OVR. Please note the new
teletvpa m-t that naaa started In Nov. If ^>nrre
interested and have the ocear, drop in on the nat. The
-inmial NrTNT Net tneetlnt'wna hpld at W l C T l T a OTIf.
WASBLV flffftin ^ax net mar., with WB^'RTT
pml WA2FRZ aft aaut. mgra_WB2KPT> ia hnme on
fpave from Lakea. WA3BUR foined N a w MABR,
WB20UZ i« hark n* with the ttenry WA20AT,
WB2BVQ arid WBSHEO are on 4-mPtpr f,m. VCNUlAt
tR n urw ham in Hifton, >m 1ft and 40 r.w. WN1LBT
and WN3T>ttJ ra a npw ffither-and-«nn team in West-
aoftdi K 2 K D 0 updated and mailed mt tt PVFTW
mn^r. Amtart him for a The armtial NJ Phone
N>t Pinner ntf&in u-iia a hi« auiwaa with W A 1 T A F and
W2PEV doing the lea W X I M A T Id « OPW hum in
Linden and in n^iriff thp RR-10 and DX-tW, WK2FEH la
on 2-met era with the Gonvt 4 WH2BCR in pDing
ftrnnc wtth 7 n^w atatlonn in hia A R1CC jsn mp4
WH1KBY rppurta h'tn HRTV monitor mmxAtM ntid fa
picking up v«ri*ot WA2NIITT rpport« piekinir up TIT^CF
on Jiia SSTV monitor during Oct. For thoaa intemt^d,
the W T V Npt meets pvery f*pt at 2 P.M. local time
on 14.330 kc. W A M V W hit* * new twu-cJeiueflt beam.
ktyftjJ Iim a new liipule up. WA2BAN i* looking ior
volunteer* for hm fctai-a CWutv AftEC piroup. WB2NYK
biw hi* nrw HH-fllII ^ p e HuiJkwff. WB3JYA1 remvpil hi*
Kxtra. Hp reports iwng 3511 uiiUiwatt^ uti the low
r-mi nt 4a VV2PRV imlifWu^l and mail ml PimtiitT KB
nt»r rnst«r ior his NJEPTNL We tv«)et having to report
the? Midden pacing of WAZDZK, tvho *«ia a itit»nthrr of
B A R K . K2IKK ih up to 105 worked aud WAaCCP
a p p M for fiXcrtJ JfOO. JKIfcftLW' i* the n w adviaor for
tli? Hflrkewwk Jfish Hrhool ttC, W A l L Y J . The acorn
i* iisiiur a DX-0r> mi id HA-aMh Wit*/, he* a nnr
THMiXX. witJi WB2DRJ ptijoymn it. All nrt« will
bp c»n for flip s*KT >inilT If yon read tlua. tend th«
a i«c*hh£h dm-in? thp D R I M * Truffle: fO*»tJ
VVAU'KZ 504, WA2BAN 491, Yf \2KUj 4+3, K l t ' t i l i
KUKDCj WBIFRH 2G6, KUOQJ IflH, W A l B l i J
133, W M T B H flS. W2KWJ5 W, WlttTT'L'a 77. K2TZC 74.
W2PKV 60. WA8CCF IV l « U > X 4rt, \VB2WlT) 44.
WB2B1fH 84. WA20QB 32, W2CVW 29. W H I H K O 2K,
1VJB8S I V A f t f f J % H'AtfiWH WHXWKt W. K i m
14. K S M P X J2, W M O t X ! 10, WB3VXJ WtllHV
K3DQT 6. WA1KZT K2PHP 6. WSUKM 4. KUBJ 1
<tvpt,; W A3tTAtf 4,

MIDWEST DIVISION
'IOWA—pf'IVT, \V*ynp U Jobnpon. K O M I I X - F R C ;
K0LVB, PATH- WOPZO. R W : WPLUCL OBBui
W f H t f X . WCUAQ, WflT.R, WAOMET NPW »»ppoiiit<y:
\V{AUr!K 9m oUH. K p U ' B In tha fir*t. Iowa Nation to
make thp Piihlip Bonier Honor Hnll r W H l t J . T M a i f i i l i f t
to published monthly beginning in Fob HAP pnfci* 75,
Nov *60 < W . WvHjTX ha* HmrmPd hi* Official Bulletin
tranamwion* to QOIAZ, M o o „ Thph„ WM. Nrw Nnvi<*?«
JIIP U'N0AAAI At TV* M o i t w WN0?THT ^t
FIMon, A nuw Tetli. nt Psliiwiffe w \Y K i ^ Z V ,
VVAOtlTQ bin traffic tot«| ih down Iwoum
of m-lioiil tftirk. t \ 0 U P X unnoitnres formation of the
Midwent Tntprstut^ TrftfTic IVet no 7370 at IttrtlZ ijailv.
fnftiHl NOfl* Bitt W O T P V , WOVni* «iuf IV0UPX.
f fofln fhia wiff 4-\podite traffic from (rms^linnf
tn LOPAL NPFN. KUAZJ HUH RMHWPD hia 0 0 diitwa
und WA0MLF*, ^ n^w i*u|ioiTitp^ in Iowa, hurt joined
Ttavr in 00 vrarfc, WOJAO annoinipp^ formation vif
flip flfllD Clhih ..n K t 1.W0K. KOTJKIT and IS Boy
taints pnrt-ipiiiAtPd W'fb P^fita-fiii-tbp- Air dunrur thp
.Inmbnrw, NPW ofHcrrs of th«> Tlinton jtrr
KPKIHJ, PIM,I W A 0 E F N . v i o - o r w . : WAOHBLU
trenh^ Huppv Vi-nr, This ih khtt j w for otir fiCM
fUvtion, Auv candidates?

Avf. Dar QXT QNl QTC Mqt*

Tom 75 TOO M-Sftt. 1498 31 ^ WtfPSK)
TLCM ftfittO Daily 0030 212 <14 KpAsJJ
bnraiflO I8IB Doily uluu * K0TDO
Traffinr rOi-f^ W ^ T T T : 11*4, W O T T O S81f W 0 L Q O
tl7, WAC5MLE 104. KOAZJ 101, \VA0V.fD W. W O K B
HI, K A r a r 75, W0P55O 71, WOJW 41, WA0V1K1 41.
IVAOHVJ 5IH, WV0OTCJ 3S. WAOPOK 36. K O T D O
SB, W A 0 V B Q 20. W A 0 T V H IH. W A 0 Y V R i«. K 0 K A Q
14, K0T.KTT 13. W A i W l t M 13. WAOTOT 12. W A l ^ f ,
II, U ^ I ' f ^ K WA^VRJ W O B W d, K O T F T
WAOOVJ 12. W A 0 K P H 2.

K A N 8 A M - ^ 0 M . Jlol>prf M Snmrnpra, KOBXP—

RRC: KOBMH. P.VW: K0JMP- K M i K ^ M K l . \MI.F.
P U T : W A W r W . ^ilimt K P V IVOPHfi. W'w-hita. Tha
tTinvuthp Amafpiir Hndjo ^'IiiLi provMpd mmmnmrationa
for thifc With Annnnl Hallowppn Parade ut HtnwuHia
Oft, 31. 2 meters vrun HSPCI 'ftiliiinic 7 v.dltic talkta
Htid 3 tmMP stations, WA0J-.LC snva phonp
haw IH up h little Thp Hoy Stouta in fMiTina w r a
trivpn an ifttnxfffrfion to hain laifm IK, iVOfLB,
\UiCY and W A 0 N X D i\vrf thp h^tfl. ftm? (4 AttEC
Mrt ia nfw»r*tTonfit n o * 7 P M . Stiti. local t*mp on
3&20 Ire, 'Pli« Tri-rttnfp Amatpiir f l u b haa nuplird for
th« otub call W 0 D E . A npw plan fur pmprgeiu'V oppra*
tinna at thp Cram Hlrl^ In Wichita U vri ita bn-
einninr. W A 0 F B R n»nl W A 0 P G I Mirriniv tlia
plan. CnOfzrata to ot< hia i-pplpctinn m Vfra
Uirpotor. fn ^Hi-ntmento, Onlif,, Thp T H l<ippnaa
Platp Bill, j^tHM-d ita final W i a l a f l w frtro
A up. 7, A Jatp % -nt. n^Nirt showed the KunStia
P7 Nrt% $ Hi**. NiJOrtirtt 112 QN7, in 12 M^wma,
<M. PI, t fnpo»f«i 2d QXI, 2 QTC, in 4 main™.
Othpr v.h-f. artivitv: A K Alt A and 7-mh* 1 A R K T fofala
verp 72 QNI r 4 OTO in 8 wwiion*, cw^. (jKK, Q S l 430,
Q T l l 225. in aminna. K P \ . O^T 213. QTC 14.
M B N . QNJ 735, CjTfT H4. KPONT. (JNfl 213. Q T C
717 in 21 *-*M«inH_ Traffic: WOTU W A O T H u 3W,
WUINU KOMRT lfltt. W0T,XA 1 « . Ifii,
VVAOT.IX1 WO, KOJMK W0UC.I »7f W A 0 T 7 K 77,
K O B X P 71, W A t t U T P 60, K 0 P S U 30, VVA0OEP 31,
WA0OWH 24, WA0WVN 28, K0LPE 21, K0OH 2D,
WA0OCW 14, W0BGX 13, K0UVH 3, "W0CHJ
WA0JC)0 4, W0FDJ 3.
MISSOURI—£CM. Hobort .1. P^vlw. W0BV-«BC:
W0BUL. New appointment*: K0RPU rift HM and
Otttf, A|ilwicitmi>i>ta tvnewwl: WAOKLL a* 00. OPS and
OKH iWWtf rtrtrfrafa* to WAOKKO, W0JKF,
K0KPU, WA0TOD ami WA0VRL Net sports:
tfrf Freq. Tint Day* Set* gV7 QTC ifffr.
MEN 3885 83307* M-W-F 14 ?Qft 16 W0BXTT*
MOK 3585 OlKiZ Daily tt 146 53 KiAA&M
MNN" 7UB3 JwiuZ M-HU, ffVOUD
MoSHK JWJfB 3? ii43 m W0RTO
SMN 3680 32002 Htm, WtuUD
MoPON m% 23UIZ NWaL 27 498 Ifll VtA' pTAA
MWK *SH5 u»IAZ Daily 30 101 hi vamivr
MoCD/UW S531.A 14007+ Alt- Hnn. b K«RPH
PHD 50.45 mm TUM.UMT) 4 ion 4 WA0KOH
MoOD/CW ii the Wwawiri State RACES RACES
mpinbfrphip t* njwn to nil dura uf Urenswa exccpt
Novice Applications should hp will to KOtilNu.
OP3BY/W0 hecaitie the 100th membtr of thp HTDAKA;
Phil (8 a uwlnnaiy in Bolivia. The PflDARA will
rfpr* rtt*U> ntni thprrry Wnws (or Noticr* and Cfrnemfa
in Jan, Those iDtemttpd, ciIpaup ^mtnri \VA0QI<N.
W0ENW has lammM WA0IHY a* p>mtor of Trinity
Tdjtlientn Church in Rpdalia, WA01HV hss niuved to
TuIkb and is now \VA553hm. VV0UBJ now ha* antenna*
for #0 unci 40 and W0GCL han fmfchad a 7-mtfpr
hexm. Congratulation* to the Mules Amateur Radio
ttub nt. <%>utrat 'Missouri 8tatp. uluch spnnaored Mia
Cheryl Byers, danahtrr of WN0VAA. <*«ndtdate
for Homecoming Quepn, WA0VYR now baa Oneral
C1a>H. Traffic: K0ONK 1241, K0ARM 224. W0BV 113,
WA0KTN 113. WA0YRI 93. WA0UVR 70. K0KPH
53, WOBUL 44. VTA0TAA 44. KOORtf 41, WA0QIA 2H,
WA0YJN 14, W0UTO 10. W0BVL 7, W0JKF 7.
K2Rin:0 W0OUD H, WA0WQA WA0KUI1 5,
S0JPJ 4, VVA0FLL 2.
NEBRASKA—WM, V.A, Caflhon. K0<iAL-«GO:
K0ODF. NEJ8 1 has been dierontinued hervaae <«f
fnrk nf activity. iVEB II in faning the aame un-
fortimnt^ fate if nativity dom not- inrrew. Vour
Kelp la aolieited. I belles w nil ovp th^ timnaffera
of the variou* net> a voto of thanks for the "Salient
mHfuiHt in which tlw arp fulfilling their daties for
11*. (in Itphnir of th« thank yim to WA0LOY.
WA0CBJ. WA0HWK, WA0JUF, W0NIK, \V0IRri itud
WA0CHZ. H^aity mnaratulations to W0WSR on TV-
mvJnpc hie frrtttteatf nf mpmber^hip into the Old Timer*
Club, If you have loyttjJn* for thxa nijunin wva on
the s<hh1 word.
/fet fjJWT Oayi QNt QTC
N8N I 2330/0030 Daily 1212 W O WA0LOY
WWII txw/vm Daify rait 34 ffA0U>r
Nphr IftO 19Qft IH 30 Daily 101 I KAtiCBJ
NEB U o4no Duly 18 $ WAVHVR
NMN 3983 1330 Daily (OPS 44 WA0JUF
WMM 305(1 tw M^at. 650 13 \WM1K
ARRC tttfti 143d San. 210 I W01H2!
OHN 1H30 Daily 1020 06 WA0GHZ
Traffic: V0LOD 4, W0AW WA0BOK 32,
WA0CBJ 30, WA0HW& KOJFN WA0GHZ ifl.
KODGW tt. WAttpTC Ifl, WA0T&IG 18, WAOTTPK in,
WA0J1H 17. V0GRQ 14, WA01I4H !4t W0WR 11.
W0N1K 10, VVA0OQX WA01XD K0ODF
WA0TRT 8, WA0Mf» 7. WA0TTU 7, K0BCH a,
K0FRD KOOAL 6. WA0VIT VTAOLOV ^
VV0BJA 5. W0VKA 5, W0FBY 4, WtlttTA 4, WA0JAV
4f W0BHTG 4, KdTTmV 4, WA0KEI S. WA0FGV/0
2, WA0JUF 2. W0HAM W0TBJ WA0SOP t

NEW ENGLAND DIVISION

CONNECTICUT—pWTiM. John HeNaw»rv WIGVT-
HBC: W1HHH- UM: IVAlfMN. PAM: K1YGS. V.H.7.
PAM: ttHX^ Activity teport for Oct.:
FH f)aifs Time Stt** QKt ere
Cti Duly 194fi :n m m
CPN M-HIAUUthm. 100U 31 w tsu
i VHP 2 145M M-ti 22(10 21 10
wra 50.8 M-8 •MUU n tew 13
High QNI: CW—WAtHOL. W1KUG and WAlHHN.
CPN-W1GVT31: K1YGS 29: WAlKOL 27? WA1VXA
art, W1NTB. KISXF ft: WA1KMK 34; WlLDfl M:
IVIDGT 21, Vary happv *o h^vp W1HHB. Whitney
, Hd., Columbia, C<mo. 08U7, a» SEC. He dpmntitftmied
 CONNECTICUT QSO PARTY
January 17-19, 1970
The C'andlewood Amateur Radio Assn. Invites
hams throughout the world to take part in the
7th Connecticut QSO Party. Rules: 1) The con-
test period is from 2300 GMT January 17 to
0400 January 19. Each station may be worked
once on each band and mode. The general call
is "CQ CONN" on ew and "CQ CONN QSO
PARTY" on phone. 2) Conn. stations send QSO
number. RS(T> and county. All others send QSO
number, RS(T) and ARRL section or country*
?> Score one point per QSO. Out-of-state stations
multiply total contacts times the number of coun«
ties worked (maximum of 8). Conn stations mul-
tiply contacts times the number of ARRL sec-
tions and countries worked. 4) Certificates will
be sent to the high scorer (6 or more contacts)
on each ARRL section and country, also the two
highest scorers In each Conn, county. Novice cer-
tificates will alio he awarded. 5) Suggested fre-
quencies are 3540 3925 7040 7275 14040 14300
2105ft 21300 28040 and 2S880 kHz. Novices try
3740 7175 and 21125 kHz. 6) Low must show
dates, times in GMT, band* mode, QSO numbers,
KSiT) and QTH, Send all logs before February
20 to the Conn. QSO Pfezty, c/o Tom 0*Hara,
W1DDJ, 7 West Wooster St., Danbury, Cotm.
06510. Include an s*a.a.e. for results.

williiiffnes* and ability for many years as KC and will

nppm-iat* y<«ir cooperation. Please report all EC
activity to him. Goblin Patrol m*»rts indicate EC
activity that is a Public 8prvice, See AKJtt column
Nov, Q8T for information on the new Public Service
Honor HoJl aw&itl Nov. activity trill be listed in
Feb. (JOT1. ThRnks to the Candlcwood AHA. the
Conn, QSO Party will be held Jan. 17 to 19. Please
take jwrt and help utbers gst a Connecticut Q8L.
New offlrpru of tha Candlewood ARA are WlCSM,
pres.: WlflVF. rkv-pra*$ WAUCSA, trey-: WIZKQ,
treaa. Note*; WA3JHU/1 is activ* at We*1pyaa Univer-
sity; WA1LQJ has » new 0-meter mohilt rip:: WA1HK
and WA1GWS both have new #wan rigs. Murphy
Marauders meets on 39G0 Thnra, *t « P.M ItaitfratiiJa-
tiona to: WA1GFH. KUHX and WA1CQW on Kxtra
n***; WN1LOW, WN1VWD, WN1LWR and WN1MGB
new Novice*; fiaet Catholic Hiftb Hchool ARC on
AUKL affiliation r and WA1JYU on mukina WACI
tiugft-*ted New Year's resolution: Copy W1AW every
aiffht if I H I W I U E for T H E correct Mformation O I L amateur
radio news, A Very Happy New V«ir to AMI Traffic:
WA1HOL m . WIEJf 2M, W1EFW 17!, WAIKMR
Iflfi. WA1HHN l » . W1KUO 105, WA1JVV 74. W1QVT
55, W1AW 50, K18XF, 34, IVINHP 3K, KlYGfl
WAirclJ 28, WA1JGA 33. WtYBH 30, W1BDI J*
WA1JJ5C* 15, wAUHtT/l 15, W1BNH 14, IVAUYE 13,
WXCTI 0, wlQV 8. WAlGWtf T. WICVll 4. WAiFXS 4.

EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS—SCM, Frank T^

Rnk«-r, Jr., WlALP-tfKC W1AOG n-u-ived imports
from WA1DX1, KIXUP, K1I>ZG, W1KQM »ti,1 WILE.
Silent Keys: Ex-WlCIC. KiBPJ, WIEAB. K1AAG
writea From near Tokyo hut will I* moving to
Chitose on Hokkaido n m f *m KA9MF and will he
KABAG on 15 atul 20 e.w. The T9 Radio Club fold
LRdie* Niffht at Country flqiftin* Inn. 1V1ABC held a
Hnll and an miction. WA1FNM *nva the* Guardian
Ante! Net is on dun at 1400 GMT on 7163. W1NXY M
married; nltm VVIOTR, W1BOW is on 10 t,w. Many
«vl, jemnp* twiv tail nn Hallo wren, WA1EhV aoa
WIODQ were un 2 during "Hurriftane (teria to »NNi*t
cA. hi|. nt &*n«anset. W1BHD has RTTY. Sharon
AKA bun t l i t M flffain. W1IAU is on 20 a^i.h and 40
ew. Tlu? South Shorn flub Um\ a mretinir. WIAAU is
ciiminc; zloon Bne after an eve operation. W1PK is nti
40, m soil ISO. T"he ABOA fnet at the WeUeslpy Hills
t.ihTary- WA1KNA is on 75. WA1ITJS put up a TA-3»-Jr.
The Catholic Mem^rixl E18AKO w in tho HW with the
r^nll VVAlKtlL/l. New duh offirm are \VA1KHL,
Iirm.; WNIKZK. vm-pmi.; WN1XZF. ^nev, For in-
formation im the S MAH8 groups writ* to W1QVK
for Armv. K1NAY for Air Force, K1TWK or \VA1«TB
for Navy-Marine. WlOTN had a heart attack. VtlhYMl
on 2. al*o WAlcrso, WA1JWM is ««-WA9PQO, WJHZ
han a plare in Cliff Tnland. Me., aloo thp mil WB4NVZ
in Alncanrlria, Ya. K1ESG has an EAN certificate.
WlhMN has thp r*>w 250-watt finel on the air. W1PBX
is hark in the BPL column. K7.TBK/1 is QRT school
work. WtUX is in Kewral nets. W1ABC lias Advanced
Class, W 1 M X completed itsfirstJ-way inoonbounce
<BO with W1FZJ/KP4 Operators were W A 4 T T O sod
WB30LQ. K 1 W V W it on 2 and 6 only. s * b . , a j o . .
f.m, W A 1 F H U has a 75S~* and an inverted "V"
for SO. N E E P N had 4 sessions, 7S QNIs, Z traffic.
E M 3 M N had K sessions, 375 QNIs. 177 traffic. New
officers of the Brookline H8RO: W A U W Q . m ;
WB4AVRf1. vice-pres.; WA1LJB, secy.; WN1LAQ,
tr*aaT; WNiJJI, pub, chairman. The Homenrttle ARC's
officer* are K1YUR, p m ; K10UM, vice-pro*,; W N I -
W D , secy. B O K i D Z G will be a trustee. W I A E L Is
Asst. Radio Offirpr. The *-Meter Cross-Band Net
had IS sessions, 07 QNIs. 5 traffic. WN1JA55 \n General;
K 1 H R V Advanced Class. Wis A Y G and B O W took
put in tha Hept, FMT. W 1 A K C u active on % with
sj.b. W A 1 M A T and W N M A D am i»w Y U . W 1 D T Y
spoke at tbe Massasoit A R A on 'TYansistora." W A 1 B F D
and X Y L hav* a new harmonic. WlOFff has a new
tilt-over tower for his bourns, W 1 C U Y is putting
up a new tower. WAla K V U and K V V have their
General Haas licenses, Congrats to W 1 D A X . who
received a plaque award. Had a nurd from VYOTNI,
ex-WlINI, who used to he in m y father's Scout
troop hark in the 30*, W I G B W / W 4 U L R was another
one. W A 1 F H U is a new OO. W 1 A O G has been endorsed
as SEC/ORS/OBB. The Frsmingliain R C now has
General Class instructions, K1GIR and WAls L T K
and KQTT are instructors. The Middlesex A R C had a
talk on the new NCX-1000. KJQLP <uid WA1JSN have
a theory class* WAls K Y K , K O U and L A W have the
Thunderbird Net on Hat, 9 to II P.M nn U35 kc. The
Capemy R C met at WlZXQ'a. KlIPB has an H W - l l
W 1 R G K has a Galany in his car* Traffic: (Oct.)
W I P E * m t W I O J M 4T0. W A 1 E Y Y 336. W A 1 F A D Stt,
W 1 B U F Wfif WAIJVL 121, W 1 H K J «7. W J K M G 78.
K1E8G 74, W7JRE/1 06. WA1IFE 54, K1PRB 41,
W I O T R 41, WltlX 41, WA1PMIJ W 1 A B C 31,
W 1 A O G 8ft, WA1IJL SO. WA1TRY W 1 D O M M,
K1LCQ W1FJN 17. W A I D P X H W A 1 D E D «.
WA1JYY 7, W 1 M X 7« W A 1 D E Cfl,K 1 C L M A, K I O K E
K 1 W V W 5, W A 1 D F L 4, W X D A L 1 W I L E 1. (Sept.)
W 1 D 0 M 88, W A 1 U L » .

M A I N E — S C M , IVter *!. Sterling K1TEV—The

Bangor radio sroup provided communications for
the lineup and orderly progress of Bangor's Bi-Oenten-
nial Parade- Thin jtmnp m o assisted Bangor police in
their patrols on Halloween night* Each mobile vnft
will cany an auxiliary police officer. Amateurs involved
am KlftNY, K1HXB, K1RQG, KtLLN, K1GTJP,
K1IVJ, K1TKT, WA1FLG, Code and thoorj daffies
ere heing held Wed. evenings at Bangor O L D . Hq.
The present dsas has 4 m WALAIM, a former
resident, is now stationed at Goose Bay, Labrador.
New hams in Maine are W N I M C A . WN1LZL, WN1LZR.
W 1 Y A will be hack on the air as soon as they get a
decent antenna np. W A t K V Y is a new General in the
Portland area. WN1JVZ is active on 16 meters with a
new TA-M and 4fl-ft. tower, K1PCJ is now active on
3-meter RTTY, 1 am still looking for news for this
column. W1FV is now r Bilent Key, lie will be missed
by many. W 1 J K R is the new m v . of the Barnyard
Net and W t B H A is asst. mar. Traffic t W 1 N N D 46,
WA1FCM" lfl.

N E W H A M P S H I R E — D o n a l d H o m o K1QES—
SEC: K1R6C. R M : KlBGB. P A M : K1APQ. Welcome,
WA1LZY, The hilders of endorsed oertjticstesare
W I E T and W1ATJ aa OPSs; K1IIK as 0 0 : W1E7N.
Kim:. W1AUT, W1MTDC, KtPQV as ORSs. W e renvt-
fully note that W1JNC has joined the Indon of flilent
Keys. Chappy will be remembered by his many friends
as a devoted ham. Station reports am increasing.
Keep them coming. News is needed for this edttmn.
K1BCB has been named co-chairnum of the Disaster
Committee for Kearsarge Chapter American.Red Omss,
whkh covers several towns, and he also eent 5G-plua
messapes to State Pirnidenta during National Business
Woman's Week. Congratulations, Press. K1APQ reports
Ml check-ins and 102 traffic on the OSPN. The Me-NH-
Vt C.W. Net it-ports 30 aessfons, 101 QNT, 197 trafllo,
average 4.1 W 1 R C C reports much activity in emergency
work. W A 1 J T M reports that rotating the wnric echednie
curtails e.w. activity. K1PQV has completed winter
preparations and again is deep in traffic. Hippy
New Year to all. Traffic: K1RC8 M . W I M H X «7»
KIQES IS, K1PQV 7. W A J J T M W 1 E V N 4.

R H O D E I S L A N D — R O W . John R Johnson. K1AAV

- « E C : K1LII. R M : WlBTV. P A M : W1TXL.
P A M : K1TPK. Appointniant: W A U Q H aa ORE. En-
dorsement: K1QFD as ORB. The radio clubs in Rhode
Island have started their fall programs with the fol-
lowing activities. The WlOP Club of Providence has a dueea, KL7FT^B, in the NARC New* snggeated that ft
program on the high frequencies nod the possibility of might be possible to run up code tapes for swapping
getting a I"meterrepeaterstation on the air* The fi- around. Reports from Adak say that KL7FCG soon wifl
delity KC of Orauaton, K.1NQG. has started a course in he on with a new phased array. My only question i*«
tUeutrontcs for liccnse advancement Tht» Newport 14oun- who holds it up 7 Traffic KL7CAH 104, KUEKZ 4.
ty HC, W18YE, ban completed a successful auction azul
ha* several new hams for its eiuergrncy net. The WlAQ IDAHO—flOM, Donald A, Crisp, W7ZNN—The
Club of Rumford haa plan* fur h 1Q-meter net with a FARM
ha*e station at the dub. A new antenna aystem has days, llieNetIdaho convene* at 0200 GMT fin 3935 ka week
RACKS Net convenes at 1515 GMT on
hem iubtalled in the operating room enabling the oper- 3991 kc, m cek ilavs.
ator to switch to ueversl antennae Club wcretaries: ende and theory daft*, The The
Boise Club is sponsoring a
l**wiston-Clarkston Club or-
Please send news of activities your dub is planning to ganised a Halloween Patrol that received praise
theriCM.K1VVC and his XYL, K1EQ13, hav* recently the Nes Pt-rue County Sheriff for its help laat from Hal-
returned from, a trip tn thp Midwmt and are bsck at In ween* WA7MXN is a new amateur in Boise, WN7BNE
work on the Rhode Inland State Phone Net. RIHPN i* r new amateur in Clarkia WN7NCG is a new call in
report: 31 sessions,flOOQN1. 93 traffic, Traffic; WB2- Gooding and WN7NBI is a new amateur in Orofino,
HPW'1 UK, WITXk lit. W1YKQ 91, KIVYC 5H, Wl- FARM Net report: 18 amions, check-ins, 75 traAo
BTV 45, KIQFD K, K1TPK 17, WAICXF J2. haiulM, Traffic; WTOHT 27D, WA7BDD 53, W7IY 20*
VERMONT—8CM, B. Reginald Murray, K1MPN— K7CSL 14, W7ZNN &> W7FI8 t
Xd Time yY/ g tc ifpr. WONTANA^-BCM, Joseph A. B'Aity, W7TYN-
Ur.Mt m i M-8 22302 SEC: W7R2Y, PAM: W7ROE. Nets:
Vi. Konu 3955 (fun, 14002 WAlEDI
MNV 3685 M-F 2330U 161 127 WlBJU Montsns Traffic Net 3910 moo M-F
VTCD 3990K Hun. wm 19 4 WlAD Montsna Post Office 3950 0245 Daily
Carrier 3945 M-F 140UZ 345 4 WlKKD Butte 2-Meter F.M. Net 146,760 0800 Sua.
VTPO 3909 Hun. 2300 K16QB
VTSH 3909 M* 2230 £70 70 WA2H9Q T remved thn following informatLon from W7L& at
flan. 1330 RosHiimti. W7YB, the chib station st MflU, haa a new
T4XK and R4B on. They are using antennas on a 100-
W1MRW ha> a new jr. operator and baa been doing ft. tower with log periodic, antennas on 315 and 7 Me,
welt m maav QHO Partita, W1HH haa new AO-ft. tower The LPs ere on 150-ft. towers. Bob Is active with Ex-
up. Don't forget the Vt QSO Party, Keh, SR-Mar. 1, plon*r Prut 060, He is doing antenna and ionospheric
WD. Welcome to WA1GWD (Burlington); Novices rewarch to prepare for another QST article, Hee your
WN1LPA, WNILRT, WNU#TN (all trom 8t. Albany lien, lflfW QST for one of BobV fine articles. The Helena
WN1LTQ iLyndonviJleh WN1LIJP (Richford), WN1- (In!} has changed meeting nights to the 1st and 3rd
Mi:B (Winnnhkh and Gen. WAlLUF (Randolph). Wel- Mon. They have a code and theory class on Mon, ure-
rnrrw tn WA2VKU/1 (Barrel More call* are )*ing heard nings. Tlie new officers of the Capitol City Club ara
on the W1KOO 2-meter f,m, repealer. Season1* Greet- WTRI8, pr«s.; K7YLR. vw-pres.: KTRRA, secy.; W7-
ings. Tratfw: (Oct) K1HQB 141, WA1GKB 52, K1MPN MKR, cfiitor of SPARKS. WA7JWF has lavn active tn
21), W1MKW 4, Kl&KD 4, WA1IZD/1 38. (Sept,> WAI- Navv MARS. W7CP8 has been in the hospital in Ana-
1ZD/1 17. Amda and Missoula. W7DB has built up a nuviator ore-
nmplifier for his f.m. rig on 2 meters. The Butte Club
WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS—BCM, Per<y 0. participated in the AS Contest with a breakfast for nil
Noble, WlBVR^ftW. RM: W1DVW, H E C . PAtas—. utter operations. WA7IZR visited with the SCM to talk
The latter two position! needtilling.Who haa einmgh over the traffic in the atate. Send your traffic count each
League spirit to apply for either one? V, of Man, month to me to help us get the total up for the Mon-
station W1PT70 is now equipped with brand-new Col- tana *t*i«n. Ttoffic: WA7IZR 170, W7I.BK 41, K7EGJ
lin* Blim Line gear end ia active nnjUkb. and HO o.w. 211.
Omrrra uf the dub there are WB2HWH, pres. - WB2-
CJVYv vte*-|»i**-: K1ZBN, secy.: WAIECO, tTeas.
W1KK (es-WlMNG) ia working OX with a Drake OREGON—SCM, Dale T. Justice K7WWRrWA7KT\'
Jmear and ia running ickeds with HIGJHLi and HTli- — W 7 H L E . RM: W7ITR, PAM: K7RQZ, Oct. net
()GH. parents of HI5JRH, a student at a Conn, college rPF»rts: K7JFG and WA7HKV report for the BRNr
W1ZPR now has antia*trrnAivh Net certificate. Also. sessions 61, traffic 17t, contarts 207, che«*k*ins 1200. K7-
Dartmouth Coll*r*re t« pubtiMhlnpt one i»f his promptk no VQM reports for the AREC Net asssions 31, traffic 51
L*nmpiit*ra. W1FGJ# now of PittsAeld. is moving to 1'imt-acts at. rnstmiTim number of counties 2ft. K7GGQ
Agawam where he wilt ha a utdoonie addition to the repnrtK for the OHM, Motions IV, traffic 25, chcrk-ins
c.w. net for the Bprinafield area. Now that WIBVR is 113x Net times:
(in ij^b. he is meeting many old-time frienda who
nwitrhed from to phone years ago, CW KM Wl- ffH 1km Tin* Frtq.
nvw imports the following for the West Mass. O.W, HHM Daily fttoffl 3003 te. K7IFG
Traffic Net (WMN 7:0A p.m. daily): CjNTs 173 iitimlinr Bftf Dsrly mw 390RK WA7HKV
of Nations IS, traffie 178, minutes per message v4.1 aver- AREG Daily 0200Z 3908 kc, K7YQM
age. Top four stations in attendance! WIBVR 20 HSN TosJb warn 8535 ko. K70M
Nuna, Wl'DVW 35. W1ZPB 21, KITJV 20. WMN fre- ClRN Daily O2OD-03OOZ 8930 k«. W7VTF
gufcuty? 3660 kc. All are welooma. The HCRA reports
(bat i.)fek Steven*ftI led in for Les Cnshinan aa guest RHN = Beaver fltata Net. OBN r? Oregon 8tate Net.
MM<aker at the Ovt. Meeting. The Clonn. Vnlley 2-Metrr <WN = (Vegon Kmergeney Net„ WA7PTN reports run-
Nrt (Mon. 9:0D on approx. 145.)) needs more check- ning 532 patches to B.E. Asia hiflept,and 917 in Oct,
ins, How about giving it. a whirl? W1JC haa just eom- W \7Et,0 rsn 99 patches in ^pt^ Ho. Oregon Club mem-
leted his fifth yesr as Net Control Station of fhrt 10- ber* helped K7ACR dismantlp h«s tower for the move
feter Net iWe<l. 9:00 pjc. on 2&0S5). K1JGD. of tha River Huh Your
SNatlonsl to Eugene. ROM attended a meeting of the Rogue
Company, wan ipieMf ^kkpr at the Cx-t. Twenty-eightw»th W7HLF, K77QM snd W7DBM nrearnt
persons attended, WA7JRT ?a nn 80-meter
meeting oF the CMAXtA in Spencor. The Hub addrem i< Itrn'. WA7KDU is on 78 rwnilarly, K7TQM has a
152 Main Ht. and information 011 meetings may be ob- TKrtOX 1>eaui up and
tained from K1WNN. New mcmbern of the dub are HQ% 705. WA7HKV 157.enjovs 10 met era, Thiffie: K7-
WA1KRJ* WN1TT5A and WAIRKO. Traffic: (Oct) Wl- TFG 68. W^7KPU «7, WA7KTHTO 157, W A 7T K7NT8 148. K7-
KPR 163, W1IHI IDS. WIBVR 85. W1DVW 73, K1IJV 51 RYP 51. K7WWR 43. K7YQM 27, WA7ICX 20,59.W7BN8 K70IIP WA7-
WtKK 40. K1W2Y 3ft. WIFGJ 34, W1IC 17. WAtBTU Jft. W7ML.T 1.1. WTO KM 12, W7HLF U, WA7JAU 10,
14, WA1IZS Hr W1PTTO t4, (Hept> WA1JCT 23. WA7JAW 7.
NORTHWESTERN DIVISION
WASHINGTON—SCM, Harry W, T-ewist W7JWJ-
ALASKA—9CM, Atbert F. Weber. KUAFX^-Via With the VBfK New Jmex tied up at fbe Bremerton
Mnduhtum FcWs, tlie Anchorage Amateur Radio Club rfnrkx t-he traffic tliron^h W7AXT hns increawd. Direc-
miirriHl, KL7AZH hus bepn nan nil "Ham what Am'1 for tor Thurston. W7PGY, stfended the A RRL Hoard
Nov. A bill mtrodtrecd tn ihc Alaskan legidatur^ by Meeting at Newington, Conn. WA7JFX is now Mon,
KL7FC Iirs been passed, granting the umiianot of vr- N'CS no NHN. W7USO has been elected director of NBN
Iiidff lirense pistes to Karris who havefive-bandb.f, with WA7HXT the outgoingn dirertor. M T<ast month this
rapability mohile. for the mm of one buck. This may <M(umn referred to NBN ss Novice instead Northwest
lie the impetus needed to gpt lota of mohila Activity Hlrtw-Moend Nftt; also did not get traffic listing from
sgain up liere. Thetfvwaronnd Fairlanks is starting to W7ZIW, ^psst- mgr. of WflN^ listed correctly. We a crept
get hot on lto, but it M*ems it wit! be a local deal three lushes in*m tha Wonff Hons. Oct. found W7ATB
most of the time, us propagation condition* aren't *o Vflcntinnmg in Nevada. K7BT/K haa been Ionising for
hot under the Aurora Bonalis, Both the Anchorage and anv hams who are interested tnflying.Thanks to ORAs
Fairbanks Clubs ar* running Novifis and upgrading such as W7BUN for consistent transmissions of Bona-
tin?. A difficult job n that nI Ou? mid K7LET is to he wuuld like to Rut iuto the traltic thing to step up and
^rrnmfTidod for his monthly ohaprvations The new tugt. trv to pawl a lew on the Training Net. NCN/3 meets
«t WhN i* W7AXT. WA7JBM reports that daily mc?- ilaily ou kcr at 0330Z, and in a wry pood way for
Ktill are l^mg handled tor wvicemen pasftiiiK F«iiddino[ traffic ueopJe to uet their feet mt. If there is
through the nervjcetuen's lounge at the *ieattJp-TVuunw mi iixvhtive to meres** y&vc rp«dp Hp«-d for that hig teat
Airport- W7RJW reports that the B&ARd Kmnwnry there w mi letter way than to nrt tuui pass * little
(luiumittpe ha* received a certificate and letter nf ap- frnitir-. Hnpq to ^ Mi'me JittfP faces un tha iiet. Traffic:
preciation from tlws (VcirthwFuf. (Chapter of the Retarded. W.WWF/ 2W, WfilPW 117. W8USX 11, K6PJ 3.
WA7LMO reports that the Iss&quah High Hchor»t
just formed h new radio i-lub. W7GR3 is now RN7- HAWAII—^C^f, H. Wicnl. KHCHK^ rlROr
QNB toT Tue, WA7K0B, WA71UT mv! \V7QRfl haw KH6GQW. KM? KHBCHZ. PAM: KH6AD. L Mpr.:
onvfr qualified for WSN section net certificate?. The KHnDQ, EC*: KH0QPQ, KHttabU. KilOGKV, Kllb-
AKJdU Net nwtff <>n 3930 kn.flun,at 10 PST and OKD, WrilZHIKOe, KUBBAB. Baiw nets can be
is developing plans for the next MKT nperwfcion. lYftfRc: i.u'dinaM with KU6ALN,
W7BA 1781, W7AXT 489, WA7DZL 379, W7KZ M,
WA7HKA WA7KOB 25», W7PT 197. K7CTP 144, Sd FrwiMcJ Time*«tMr\ fays
W7BQ J4S, WA7DXI W, W7AFB 73, W7MCW 68, WA7-KrirmUy Net 7.300 £0302 M-P
JKX M. W7QYF 48. WA7LOQ 40. WA7LOL 83, W7FVT Boy Hcout Ham Kadia Net 21.3C0 1KU0Z
37, VV7U80 34, WATKDQ WA7ACQ BO, W7JWJ 30, Pacific fnteraland 14-330 nraiM M-W-F
K7KPA 47, WA7LMO Jflv WA7H1IH 13, K7GXL U, Asia Net 14^20 1900/ AU
YVA7JPO W7BUN 11, K7YFJ 10, K7GW P. WA7- Marianss Islands N et ^HQu U830Z 2.3,401 Tue,
H(.iB Kwnx 8, W7ATB 7, K70KC 7, VV7TEU W7- Net'Marianas Is. j IO!3 KIU02* Thurt.
KEIS 4, W7WPK 3> WA7H&I 9, K7I-RIJ i. Pacific DX Net 14.233 OMlir/ Thura.
Marine Corps Net NJSW I900Z Ml
CWusian Nvt (phone patches) 21,400 During 0200Z All
PACIFIC DIVISION Haritic Typhoon Net 14^03 typhoon alerts
BART BAY—SOM* PsuJ J. r&rker, WB3DHH-- O ingratii lations to our newly appointed KC Kaiuii.
W6ZF reports that thiTP will a rhatiK« in hw trans- KH0H\Ht Thrw itdereated in OO, OPS, ORB, OV8 and
missions of the Pacific Division Bulletins to the M and Rr work ahould contact ymir The 1H7(1 ARilL
3nl Moxl at O4M0Z »n 3540 kc, instead of the 2nd and 4th Simulate! 1 Emerfteitey (SWT) ttiII hdd Jan, 24
Men, Hon also will have the Bulletin* mi 707n and 14t- mid 3$, 70, Monitor your Iocs! emeroency net freqncn-
070 kc. simaltHJieoiialy very soon, so if ynu ran't hear rjpw. Make intact with your loral Kf* i>r Island Iladxo
him oh "tie frequency you can try another, W3IPW re- Officer, Take immediate steps to follow any {irparrsnoed
ports that his tnfcal points for traffic aiv the lowest hp plans, Stay off the air nnlern or until you an* yon
has had in four vft&r*. T received a first, station activity tnti t>e of assistance, h\ widespread emeraenoies, monitor
report from Seoul, Hoiith Korea. W3CBF has hewn real HTWV for lateat Hullptina ami news, W KlloGgW is
pi-md attnnt keeping mfr m reports and this is mi **icep- in viwrijce <»f oromotuuc emertrency poi qmttmcat ion*
fcirro. WmQQ is trsosmittfoft the VH-HL Bulletins «m tUroiigUuiit the Hawaiiflection.His phone ojntajct in
146.54 Mc, tor the locals, Keep an ear cpeu for all the Honolulu \h 433-303, KHflOHU was beatd recently in tits
lnti-*t 1>X ixt-wst from Bob. K8rJreportsthat 15 meter* CQ WW Contest, his tirnt contest. We welnime hack to
has been irnod for l>X lately. John also reports that his the area Jack Chalk, formerly KW6EJ, r»nw nt Ponape
activities in the CD Pnrtyftvnicdinther futile lipi*auxr m K. CariiMiu^ Been at the airport recently w e KH3-
*A the (ow puwer he was runntnjb "WAflDH* repmt^ that ilCfW hiH W8RU, At Kaiaer's hnM»ital recently vaft
»t^rythuitt nmmnst KB on NGN73, Dave haft been KH3BKF fftr minor surnen- WiqV dropped In *hile
*ppnmtea maiUMfer the traffic net and has here on business. KHANK has gone back to Chicago
requested me to make a request of all those readers who where hell return to W0JZK chores, Marianas EC W7-
UZH/KGO i* on with a new Drake 0-4, MN-4 and
NewTronica 4BTV antenna. KH6PB0 now signa W6LCT
utter b y«ar <n XV5-Land, KHtfGLU, EG Molokai, hai
new [flO-vn*ter *par Kuiug, KH8UJN Mill ia Nut Control
ui the Contusion Net. \Y6ZRJ. our Pacific Division IH-
m<tnr, transmit* code on rue., Wed. and Thura. at 0430
HST on S m and 7129 kc. GMT time would lit OS&fifi
but add a day to each the above* Remember the Joint
Pm'iiic/ Southwestern Division Convention, Hadanda
Motel, Kresoo, < Jnlif- May 14-16, 1U70, Best of Holiday
Wish* from the Hawaii Section Staff. TYaffias <<MO
KHoGHG 6s, KHtfGQW 24, KU6BZF 12. W7UZH/KG6
6, (tfeptj K1HKO/KHS 40, KHflGLU 3.
NEVADA—dCM, Leonard M. Norman, W7PBV—
HKC: WA7BKU, Oaropn Oity and Kenn amateurs pro-
vided communications far the Nevada Admission Day
Parade aihl received fioad publicity in the local papers,
with Unverpor Paul J<a*alt p* tending hil good wiflhas.
Southern Nevada ARC of Konldar City report* ita oon-
vention SAUOC will be held Feb. 1970, at the
Htfcrduat Hotel Convention Center, Lai Vegas, Kev.
WA7HffU, W7PHV unci WTPKM ha™ t w i husycheck-
Inpr TV aeta with their new scintillators. W7HOP,
K7QOP, K7YNV arid KTSAtJ continue to da a good
job putting nut. the H'CiiiKf-ttfiff SefitmeL The glena
Amateur Kaflio Hoctety boated ait f.m. tueeting in
flparka with itreat aucoeas, K7QGO in district chairman
for the Nevada YLRL. K7KKH is now W6LET.
W7TVK still iatfcbedulin*any DXL or fifcataitfie amateur
needing Nevadn, Don't forget to *end your Nevada
QHO Party tons In, Look for a unutima-onlir »ptcial
event call b*m( used by WCARH at &ABOC, during
Amateur Radio Week in Nev« Feb. 1-S. 1W0, aa pro-
claimed by Governor Laxalt.
SACRAMENTO VALLEY—SCM, John Mi&lia,
TIL WBK Y A /WA6JDT—The Mt. Vaea Radio Club, a
new Hub TFr^titly farmed iv. the Mention, hat become affili-
ated with thp AKRL. My Hoiirtwi ahuw that mmst J3ao-<
ramento Vflllrv clubs are affiliated with the League. If
your'a bm't, whr nut? -Hpeekinft oi dubs, when waa the
laat time vniir club tnmjp an effort to nt*qnire new mem-
bers? And ymi iicin-clTib members, when mui the luct tone
yon itiade a \imt to a local croup or club? Never? Yon
in Off, j-tidio amateurs are really a wonderful bunch of
people. Wbv don't ynu gn and meet with them pemonaUyT
TVftTKE I* the ]tf7r» rhairman of th* Cflfifomin Amateur
Hdpy rvminril, WKSSRJ, nue Pacitio T>ivielon Director,
attended the Nov. RAMfl meeting and ahnwevl the
latent PR movie made by the I^ngUe, The KAMti now
mei-t in the Hub h<ttf*» at Kaftipnwood Piwk m
Nfnreh flarTurnent^ Our nei.tion'a atandHig waa 44th
for IMS in traffic-handlinff. up iw** fmm 1W, 2BU
jiieroH of traffic wrir ^ported handled from 90 wporta.
Vmi tniffirt nipoi Vleaat j»nd me your reportf—everv
tittle bit helps. WtiKYA finally made the BPL listing.
L»t me tell yon, nnndhK n HVL ia a lot «if ham
work. Traffic? ffWJ WHVOA/fl' 447. W6KYA 111
KflYBV 104, 47, WA6RBD i%. WB«WJO 10.
WB6Z.1V ^ WtJVUZ 5, WAflOWH 4. Wept.) WAflUIT
WBfiZJT It, UTAARBD 7( WAflOWH
SAN FRANCISCO—ACU, Huffh O^l.ly. VVAflATID—
SFiC: W6WLV. H^arH during Rwpepatakea phone week
Fnd were WflRJP, K6TVL. WA0OQS, W6KWK and
WAAAUT). W6WLV haa the Fhtra Olaaa type (irenae
now, W \6HYZ mad^ the BPf< m Oct. fnr the 10th
roiiHpnttive month in fOW and bv now should have a
full H-month BPL, WA6JDT prMnntod HPL
e#-rtifieatea t^ Joe at t-he NON (cMth^rinn at litvermore
in i'lnt.. Ik the new prea, of the KfiGWE
repeater i?roup and alao is the new pr*n. of the
Marin ftwnty Radio Club. KM OX m-pfvr-ri the Hani
•if the Ypht Awnrri from the Afarm Radio Club at ita
Xnnuel Chrtatmaa Dinner at the Deer Pnrk Villa m
Fatrta^. W6CX(J spent wime time in the hospital
n/fpr uainfr hm Volknwa^n for a weigh Miffing exh2>l-
tton, VVAflJOV miwod the Oct, CD Contest hecatwe
the OT> arrived two dava after it waa ovrt,
WflKVQ hae a doublet up at hia ix-w Navarro QTH
hnt mi wee the bp»in. WaRQA (pit hi« Kxtra Claw llrenae
to mnkp live in one flan "Praneiaco city block. He loina
1V6AU. W0RQ. K6BI and WSMflM elbowing far band
itjnm, The I'amalpaia Radio dub In Nnvato in looking
fnr blood—ww preferably KBCW8 ha« Temoved to
Sebextopol after a sieee m the hoaoital, W6RTTY
erain ia (ooking for DX after a lrvnf lay-off and la
putbna up ^ntennaa on hie tiww QTH on the Tfbtritm
peninsula. New appointeM are WflKWB and KflKQK
aa OVSfl. TraPfift: WA6BYS WAWLV 74, WflKVCJ
43, WflHWV 1ft, WAHACJD 10, WrtCYO 1.
SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY—fiCM, Ralph Haioyan,
W«JPtr—Tt- is tny and duty to rpport the paaaisff .of
W6NK2. Clark waa liked by all, loved amateur radio,
loved to tinker and build, and nothing could stop him.
in hts eodesvors. He was a. past pres. of the Freeno
Amateur Radio CSub. He died of a massive heart
attack on Oct 22. The Kemmn Harvest Festival was
supplied with mobile eomnuinkations on 46D Me, through
a repeater with gwod results. Those assisting w
WA0VFU* WBWtta WBftlPZ, WBottFD, WB«BVY and
VTBffTFU. W6QUZ is bade on the air after many
moons with a GT-A5Q, W6UHN and "W6FIX attended
the Southwestern Division Convention in San Diego.
WttVVQV is on 75 a,s.b. WWIE is heard on 75 M.b.
WAttlU'i', WBCKLX and W360VQ are on 2-meter f.m.
There is a u*w 2-tu»ter net that meets on Moxu Wed*
and Prit at 2100 on J4M5 Everyone with a
l-nv>tnrrigis asked to foin, WA6GSQP 1* working on a
*0-meter beam. WA«HCJ is ciiecking into the WCRS
Net. I would like to wjsli evervone uf you a very
Happy New Year. TrafBe: KflKUl, WA6SCE 103,
WKfKJJU 23,
SANTA CLARA VALLEY—gCM. Albert V. Qftetanou
WlVflT-Jiani W6VZEL RMs WAfltFA. SEC WaVSE
wad asked by the San Mateo Police Dept. to provide
*iiue communications for H&lloween to awtst in handling
three little iimflicts that occurred. W0KVO. WA60XE
and K6VWG pmvidad the mobile help while WflHQO
monitored aed WflLFS arfed aa the mntro] statIon.
The rhief t»f police was pleaded with the assistance*
W6BVH wen artiva in the QHO Party and made 102
contacts. He «?*» we* active in the CD Party in
which he made 289 contacts in W «?rt.|mWffRPT baa
t»ecn busy rwleoorating his shuck, WflAUC ban hwi
experiment in? *with an indoor antenna and has found
if work* pirttv "ell. WABDIU the new NCN/2 set
mgr., haa (men a General for about a year and already
is a pnod traffic man. WAflOXB has made RPL
two months In arow.Would like to thank W6ZRJ for
his willingness to continue ** Pseifle Division
Dirprfor, He xiine baa been doing * Rood Job *hirh
haa required a great desl of his personal time. More
nitnmvt ha* been shown lately in the Mictions by the
varioim Huba m the hm, This appears to be a good
war for dubs to raise nrunvy. guy* to get. rid of
nrjuipmenf they no longer went and other fellows to
pick up stuff they need at a good price. Tt looks like
everybody comes out shead. Traffic; WAIIOXE 1047,
WfiftflY 73SK WflYRV 209. WA0LFA 1ST, WflDKF «l.
W6VZT 70, WBA UC 45, W6BPT 10, WOOn 2, WfflVB

ROANOKE DIVISION
NORTH CAROLINA—WM, Calvin M. Demnsey.
WA4UQO-Asst. SOM: J*mes O Pullman. W4VTR.
HECs W4EVN. RM? W4TRK. PAM: W4AJT. V.H.P.
PATH: W4HJ& WA4FFW was the highest w-orer in
the nation in th* 1WR Ph. Q$0 Party. Mae won top
honor* for the highest s«?re fn the nation again bust
month in the NJ*__QW) Party. His awe in th*
HJ contort nmr ^anda n* the highest 4-ver sub-
mitted for an out-of-state station in the history of
the Kngtewood Radio Association, which haa sponaoved
the N.J« contest for the fiaxt 4 vears. Governor Robert
Beott of N.Oir will proclaim th« w l c«f Key. 17-23
sa Amateur Kadio Week. The Buncombe Ountv Hadm
Club held a Ane menting in Ashevitk. WB4HGT Is
liaison to 4th JIN, WB4BGL operated W from W4ATO.
K4RET edded 2 more elements to his 21-Mr. beam and
it has 14 elements «ti a 120-ft. boom. Wow!
Hit ftrtfr Time yft? tfpr.
Then niwnZ thuly 112 WA4TOY
N.O. aSB pt> 3S38 kc, 00302 |>sily IS W A4KWC
NciK^r ks. moz n»ity « w4tre
NONrElrspptl smb. 2»(IDZ Daily 71 W4IRB
N.0.8AB- a®73 tot. nfKOZ Daily 27 WA4KWC
NON a) &mke. 03003? ilaily 76 ^VBWHK
Traffic? W41QVH 221, W4IRE 122, WB4HQT 52
WA4VWV 51. &5TOA'4 4fl. K4RO 34. WA40MC SI
W4\TH 20t WOAVB/4 29. WAMHX/4 2K, WA4UOC! 10
K4ZKQ 0, WA4KWC WB4ILO 5, WA4KVI 4,
K47TN Z
SOUTH CAROLINA—ROM, Charies N. WHght
W4PED-SEC: WA4KCJL WMi W4VFO. RM: K4R88/4
RCPN mn Ve. 0«W and 1530flfTT0uil» 12 Neon D
8CN m u 2345Z Daily OrtTfe.: ft
aCSSBN 2015 ke. Ononfc Dsify - 0ct,Tfc.:11
Vpw riRg appoint pes: WA40W7, who haa i*tiimed tc
OhflHeston. K4JTF and K4FR, *>oth dobigfineJobs oi
KC^N. TC4TSRZ. hi Clemson* has been appointed OB0
The Anderson Radio Hub reports that it partlHpate<
in' an ciereise demonstration \V(VHTI axu
K4(tL it port no ^Ttensive tropo openings nn both 1
meters and 432 Me. dnrtng Oct. W4VHH worked 1m
new states on 432 during the period, bringing his tota
 IIP to 13, X 4 G L also raised his 433 M e . rtates total U
7 during the opening. B e maily for Knottier Himulatcc
Emergency Tent in Jan, Look for further details »
Q S T and bulletins, 1 will but tw a candidate for tto
cJCM position in the ^ r n i n s election. Check t h
Operating News section far details on nominating peti
tions. Traflte: K4B88/4 1H7, W 4 N T O 07, K 4 0 C U W
W4JA. U . W 4 P E D 1 L

VIRGINIA—«TM. R. J. 3la«1e, K4GR-SEC

W A 4 P R O . P A M : W4C.JKN. K M s : W A 4 E U L , J H M L C
W4SHJ. Since this 1* the first monthly report of you
new fJOM. it hoped fthat some leeway will b
tolerated ttotti the excellence that we have beoomi
a w i s t o m e d to from W48HJ for the uast y e a n
Monthly activity reports should be speed"! \\y\ t o i n
Win- inclusion; deadline fur majlinfl in the report i
the 7th of pach jmmth. Keep thorn card* and mereagt
coming right after the dose of the month repotted m
1 am «orry to announce that K 4 L M B tendered he
I resignation u* HKC to of t h e 8 C M contender
during the election period and after election I wa
unable to get f u r to withdraw it. Her fin* perfornunc
and rwrorrl* wiiJ enable W A 4 P R G , appointed u he
successor, t o more quickly pick up the reins. OKI
f v . h . M appointment went to W A 4 Y X K ; O B S Hat
session V S B N 1 t o WA4JJF tn augment imr Bulletii
coversg*. W 4 K F C ntterrded the Hoard mei-tin* at Hq
and was visited by W 0 D X W B 4 F J K hat K 4 K D J a
Va. Tech t * c k on the air. W B 4 I R A and K4RH<
earned VflHOf <»rtificates. Good activity wns reports
in the C D P a r t y . W B 4 F D T j p t s back from mllca
on week ends to protect his i n t e m t s . W B 4 D R B re
ports * receiver ah mlle^e m we have to watch
remitrks on VFW and V f l B N . W4KI<G is workcnic o
Extra Clam. K4JM is working on antenna*,
! parties and contests, W4ZM reports meeting over 1C
bams, attending R 8 G B in London and X A R C i
Geneva during a trip to Europe. T h e city of Alexnndn
presented oerttfieates of apprermt-ion t o 14 amateur* Ui
their work d u r a ? the Joly flood emergency. Patrie
Henry A R C «nd & E . V a . Wireless A i m . made A R K
affiliation* W4HU made sn average error nf 14.9 p.p.n
in the Frequency Measuring Test TVnfB(Oct,
K 4 K N P 370, W4TTQ 171, W 4 N L C W A 4 J J F Iff
W 4 Q H Y 107, W A 4 K U L K4GR K4TBJ 40, K 4 M U
aft. W4(>fcN 8K1 W B 4 G T B W. W4BM 14, W 4 Q E Q I
W A 4 W Q G 1 1 K4ITOJ 11, W B 4 F D T 10. W A 4 N J G 1
W 4 T H Y 0. WB41RA 8. W 4 M K 7, W A 4 M J F 6, W 4 0 P \
K 4 B T O 11, K4.IM fi, W 4 & F O 4 t W 4 K X 1, (Kept
W4WLW, WA4JJF 31 i W A 4 K D L K 4 T 8 J ft
W B 4 ? W « fl, WA4VVQG 7. K 4 B T Q

W E S T V I R G I N I A — R O M , Donald B. Moiria, WS1M-

flBO! W«BV. F A M s : K 8 C H W . W 8 I Y D , "WanHW,
mjrrs-: WB8AQH, W B S B B G . Our Laaaue Presulen
W 0 I J X , wua a aiirprise %Hsttor t o the Roanoke Dlviafo
Oonvenfion m HunHnaton, It Is wi+h deep w»ffret
report the passing of K 8 M Y V , of Grafton, T h e Tri
fitate A R C 2-Meter N e t meets i t 8 P , M the SEn
and 4t.h Thnra. nn 14A.7na with K S 8 X O im NCR. N e
officers for the West Va. State A R f t L Oonwntku
Jackson*s M i l l , July 4th and 6th, are K f l B C P , pies,
K8MYTT, vire-pres.; K8LAN, flpoy.; K 8 N V F , trea
The W. Phone Net with 31 sessions, 410 station
handled 2ft messages, C . W . Nets held 36 sessions, !'
ntations and fill tai^KntffHH. KtfOHW, Net Control for t l
Mountain State Emergency N e t , reports 30 session
W A S Y W K , a new OBfl, has 80-w.p<mt C P C . W B 8 B B (
W R C K X and WHHZA at^ qnitf active in * R N . KR;
held its 3rd Annus! Rejtionaf M ^ f l n * fn Himtinj^c
with T A R A as the host d u b . Wat To. THUbilly,
weekly newspaper published m Rinhwood, drn'ofss
rolumo t o state amateur activity. New ttCs an- fsRWJ]
W A 8 P F B ami W8HVB. WSJTVX a new ORJB Is s c f h
from HTrntinptrm, T h e Weirt^m A R C S- Meter N
Tneefx n n Traffic* WAHZA ISO, W B K B K O H
W 8 C K O 64, W A 4 N D V 38, TVA8Z2T 17, W W M 1
W A 8 Y H H 11, WAfllxPW 8, W A S W I X 7, W A 8 W C K
WJtDTTV B# TCTQBW 4, W A 8 A C C 1, K 8 C F T t, W 8 L Y V
K B Q Y G 1, V f l S Y W K 1.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION

C O L O R A D O - ^ t i C M . Charles M . Cotter*U. WOPIN'
Assti S C M z Weal Morris, K 0 T I V . H K C : W A 0 K t <
R M : VV0LRN. P A M : W 0 C X W . Y . H . F . P A M : WAfi
L 1 K . Wish all you A R A L members on the Westei
tilop* VuliM get in tonrh with K 0 T T V , as he ia t1
Colorado section's representative for that part nf f]
state. OOs W 0 Q 1 L and W 0 L R W <lid quite well In tl
past F M T and a n **ndina out some cooperative l
ports. W 0 W Y X now baa % mobile on 444.4ft on I
snowpfow, Colorado Blow ftpeed Net, G B N , has had
few m i o n a with K0JB!>, W 0 I i R W atid W 0 L R N i
NCSs* Get your e.w. feet wet gun» evenings nn OBI
E 0 T I V Is about on R T T Y * T h e wind blew down K J
ECR'i new vertical. W4UDS awl WA0KOQ report CD
Party activity. The SCM, BM r PAM and V , H X P A M
made the Boulder Amateur Radio Club meeting In OcL
Why not vend in n w traffic report w h month? Thanks
to all who do and all who are helping out. The BBC
r^porti 880 AREO member* in Colorado. Ha still needs
some JSCs « m shown last month, Net reports front
the Hi-Noon Net: K0IGE, mar. total QNI 1014, ffTO
138, time for 81 sessions 1888 minutes. For OCN: W 0 -
UAT, mgr„ QNI ffl, QTC 87, time 888 minute* for 80
sessions, Columbine Net: W0ODC, mgr.. QNI (ttfi,
QTC 111. time 1B80 minutes. Traffic: (Oct.) K0Z8Q 048,
W0WYX 210, K0J6D 109, WA0MNL 71. W0S1N 4
K08FR 84, K0ECR 87. K0T1V 35, K0MNQ a ,
WA0PGM 17. W0CTAT IT, W0LRW 7, W0OWP 4,
WA0HLQ 3. (Sept.) K0ZSQ 541, WA0LVM 88.

NEW MEXICO—SCM, James It. Prlna. W 5 N U I -

The New Mexico Net (NMN), 8570 ke. at 0S30Z, a pro-
viding good training and eiperience in aw. traffic.
Check in and brine your fiat up to steam. Net certifi-
cate! have he^n issued to Tegular participants of the
NMN. A series of difficulties hat hampernd the SUmeter
repeater system. Modifications and improvements are
procuring a versatile and rdiable network. I would like
to see more of the Vih.f. traffic handled aa formal mes-
sages and reported in the monthly station activity,
WiDO haa nenrived a QBL subsequent to contact with
JA1R8T on 100 meter* for a daimed first 5th difftrict-
JA QSO on this band. E5MAT hae a new Drake H4R
rarariver which hdps account for that excellent trafflo
raint, WA8UNA ha* assembled a new SB-801 receiver.
Prosperous New Tear to all. TYaffie: K5MAT 188, Vi%-
SfVW/8 67. WffDMG 37. WABUJY SO, WflNUT 18, WAft-
IJNA 14, WA50HI 9, WA5MIY 8, WAW3LI 4, KH8J4,
WA8JNC 4.

IJTAH—RC7M, Thomas H. Miller, WTQWH-SECi

W7WKF. E M ; WTOOt Nets J
Al ft* Tim Jfeyt 3m. QNI QTO
BUN 7*73 ta, 19802 £>aUy 81 780 88
CAEff 3987*6 bfe 18302 SaWfan. — — —
KTOLO haa received tbe BUN certificate. TMa is
tjficate No, 70 and represents a M r amount of time spent
in traffic and pnhlie service. Fiefd Day smns recently
published fn QST for 1909 Indicate * need for a change
oi scoring procedures. The Utah DX Assn. atwi the
Utah Amateur Radio Club were No. 1 and No. 1 In the
nation in th« number of contacts made on Fidd Day
but finished third and asventh, respectively, in the staad-
inga. It seems that stations in the mountain states do
not have the advantage of tbe low-power multipliers
on v.h.f aa do groups in the lames metropolitan areas.
K7ZJB is doing hia usual stellar job in trading oat 0 0
reports to amateurs with wayward signals and practices.
Sum sent 71 notinw during Oct. W7LQC is handling n
large volume of Vietnam phone-patch traffic via A m y
MAB9, Traffic: W7EM lift, W70CX 73, WA7USB t,
W7QWH ) .

WYOMING—SCM, Wayne M. Moore, WTCQL—SEC:

K7NQX. TIMi XTTOA, PAMs: W7TZK K78LM OBSs:
K78LM, K7NQX. W7SDA, K7TAQ, WA7FITA- N^tas
Pony Express. Bun. at 0800 on 89SO; TO, daily at 1830
on 8810; Jackalope, Mon. through flat, at 1218 on 7200:
Wx Net, Mbn. thrmfih Bai. at 0680 on 8990; PO Net,
1900 Man, through Prl. on 8950. It is ray mid duty to
report the loss of two Wyoming hams in Oct.: K7AT7L
nf Chmrnn^-, the state MAR8 director and W7AEC of
^nedafe, one nf mir oldest and bmt liked hams. A cou-
ple of new voices from Whentlsnd; WfflAP and WA7-
NLV. W7NXR haa been accorded tbe honor of being
elected tn attpnd atk plMstronics <vmrae at the Atomio
Energy Commissions Oftkrtrige, Tenn., fadlitiea. W7VTR
\\M iiKpn giving a aeries of lectures and demonstrattans
for th* Caaper <>1nh to M p in the upgradiiy of licenses.
Tt was dose, but Cheyenne won the ROM* Field Day
twmhv. Traffic: K7NQ* 883. WA7CLF 134. WTOMT SL
VHTTX A3. W7YWW 48, K7VWA 24, W7HIA SO, W7-
ADA 14, K7WNF !4P K7QJW 13, W7VJI 1.

SOUTIIWEOTERN DIVISION
ALABAMA—flOM, Donald W. Bonner. W4WLO—
SEC: K4KJD, PAM: WA4EEC. H M : W4HPU, Oon-
gratulationa to the Birmingham Radio Club fW4COE)
nn ita fine ffforta in VI* this past year. It was the num-
ber one club rn tbe htate. What happenM io HAKC thfa
year? If they can conquer Murphy a Law WA4HGN and
W4HHK in ay make the first two-way contact between
Tennessee and Alabama^-on 8300 Mo,| They are both
very active on the V,HJF# and U.H*F. bands and build
much of tbeor own equipment. Good luck, boys. WB4~
NOT has bil General Class ticket and a new TR-4.
WN4LZK, WN4MUR and WN40E1 are new members
i.Uerking in regularly to A END on 373fi (233UZ tiailyj.
Good to bear E4PBN on the air with his m w BB-ifa.
Understand that the Mobile Radio Ctub it generating
good internet m 3-roeter activity, X4WHW npemted the
boy Scout Jambon-e as portable Decatur Jr. High. Every
year, during the culd. lonely months of winter, there ift
an exciting event that take* plane, usually at Olantoa
itiie tomographic renter of the utate). This is the winter-
time "eyeball bamfest," or whatever you wish to cad it,
a good time to meet each other and have a good time
chewuig the rag. Let's aveiy one gu twit year. Traffic:
W4FVY 164, W4HFU 156, WB4BKJ 68, K4AUZ 60,
WB4JMH 96, W4UBM 3 1 WB4BLX !4, WB4LNM 19,
WB4SDX 1J, WB4KSL IS. WB4LAO 10. WA4JSM 10,
\YH4CJU 9, WB4LAL K4WHW W4DGH 4, K4-
JKJD &

KAffFERN FLOXUDA^-BCM, Ronald Jm Locke, W4-

Y P X - S E C : W4IYT. Asst. SEC: W4SM& KMs; K4-
EHY, t w ) , W4RWM, (RTTY), PAM 76: W40GX.
PAM 40: W4SDR. PAM V-H.F,: WA4BMC, Again
1VA48CK ouuies out way ahead of the field in trafflo—
and he was on vocation! K4BV waa trnxt up with Ana
uumiUm fmm thft Daytona Beach Home Show ami
Volutia County Fair. WUjKP, WA4SCK and W4DFZ
teamed up for the Boy Hcout Jamboree on tba air aad
rlrcnoubtratod auiatcur radio to nwr SO tjecvuts mnd Cuba.
They originated 90 messages to various s<»ut units in
utmost aa many states, Gator Net Aast. Mgr. W4&HW
report* W4NVU/4 is on the air at tht Miami Museum
of Hcienr^ (JFN Mgr. WB4HJW requests that all NCSs
make reports daily. W4YNM says the Columbia AR3
station now is WB4MLD. WA41K1 is back in Tampa
after 4 ypntn in Vietnam and Japan, much to the joy of
XYI# WB4MXF. QN frequency standard K4FQP is 6-
metering with a 40-ft, •tick, W4IZ/4, NOFARS dub
atation was tops in Kipld Uay m Florida, the highest
W4 in the three-transmitter class and sixth in the na-
tion. Any challenges? K4FMA qualified for OO-l regain)
and hopea tor 6 p.p.m, in the next KMT, K41EX also
qualified nwatly. Lake ARA ha* published a new direc-
tory-write K & P S for one. SBu W4IYT reporta that
K4LWT at Red Cross Hq, has a new flOO-0 and is air-
borne, OHfli; Please file your annual report to Hq.
Kennedy Hpane Center station. WB410J now is affiliated
with ARRIa I can't push bard enough m reminding
League members that ainee the new restrictions are now
in effect it is quite important for the UXer and trof-
tirker to upgrade aod wee advantage of the Less crowded
space* on the bands. Old dogs can learn the new tricks.
Moke the effort and give it a try. Bet it's not as difficult
as you thought! Remember, W1AW has morning sessions
daily 20 kc. inside the o.w. bands. Traffic: WA4SCK
1216 K4BV 545, WA4RQR 661, W4IJK 404, K4QYV ttO,
WBllIJW 310. WB4A(w 305. W4SDR 320, WA4FGH 167.
WB4HYM 140, WA4IJH 120. WB4GHD 112. WA4ttED
107, K48JH 1011 W6BZY/4 W, W4BHW flft. W t i l W 8H»
W4YPX W. WB4FJY WA4HOI1 71, K4DAX 01, K4-
1EX A3, W4ILE AO, WB4EPD 48t W4NGR 48, W48MK
46, W40QX 27. WB4ADL 8A, W4ZAK 20, VVA4NTBE 28,
WR4IBR 25, W4TJM 23. WB4HJV 22, K4LPS 20, W4-
T « P W. W4RNK W( WA4I3YU 1A, W4«OM U. W4VPQ
15t K4H8 12, W48CY 15, K4YLE 12, K40ER 10, W4*
GDK 0, W4IAD W4LK £4EBE 6, WB4NHL 0,
WB4FLW «, WA4BMQ 4, K4J21 4.

GEORGIAi-HelCM. Howard L. Bchonher, W 4 R Z D -

8ECt WA4WQU. RMx W4FDN. PAMs: K<HQ1, W4-
YDN, V74L&R. WB4JXO and WBfMNF helped Sham-
rock High Jdchool in Clarkaton with a Uam Radio Week
handling over 100 measaees. WN4()llW and WN4URL
are new Novices in Cornelia aa a result of the dub
training program. W4TYE has a new hve-element beam*
WBdUTC/4 is opemtlng mostly trom the Ueorgia Tech.
atation. W4DUY reports the old n%ht shift is playing
havoc with his hamming. W4BOK nag the new Drake
lint. 1VA4NJP 1ia> a new harmonic and «. TX62. "WA4-
riHU also has a new addition to the family. WA4LU
Bhows more MARS activity than ham. Ofin reporta 41
stations accounting for 250 check-toe and 284 messages
handled. The Georgia 8ingle Bideband Me4; had 740
cUpi>k~ut&, 171 fnrmals and 4Bpatchesh W4HYW is cand
date for CHO Chapter 43, W4DQD worked 77 countries
on 10 in the CO WW D X Contest aud placed first for
Georgia in the N,Y. QHO Party. W4IJIR reports a new
f.m« rppe*ter on Stone Mountain. It transmits on 140.340
and receives on 146.700. K4HQI notes f j n . activity in~
rieamng and is looking for more with a new repeater in
the AtlHnta area, W4ISS notes a 2-mster opening Oct
5/6/7 working N.J.. R.I., Conn., Mass., Md. and Pfenno.1
Traffic: K4BA1 120. WA4GX2 111. W4FPN W4P1M
Wi W4C8N M( W4HSO 66, WA4WQU M, WA4RAV 60,
W4TYK 43, W4UVP 28, WB6XJTC 26. W4RZL IS, W4REI
16, JTO4NQA 12, WA4UQQ 11. W4DDY 8, K4HQI 4.
 WEST INDIES—Jos6 Medina-Hemindei, K P 4 C 0 -
KP4DDB uid WP4DGW are ntndyinf electrical engi-
neering at the li, nf P,K.p Mayasiiea, KP4DDB oj>wates
KP4CO to QBO KP4DBQ, Jus brother. KP4AHT has
uumpleted a ruiindup of p u i s for a i-kw, p.e.p. home-
built linear, KV4VQH hwm will put up * townr.
KP4WT, XP4ANH, KP4AWI, and HWRRP/KP4 vis-
ited Hi-Loud* KP4ANG has been m y active on 6 me-
ter* mid m now un expert on prediction* vf opening*
tor taneter PX, KP4DBK is keeping pmytmrly *hrea#t
of 6-meter happenings Look him up un 6. KP4RD hat
a daughter taking a Ph.'U, ii»urwp while hwing a faculty
trvmber at < V M i c tJ., Washington, 0.0. KP4CB ha*
a daughter at the U. of P.R., Mayaguex, with KP400
« pmtPMor, The AntittM \VX Net meito cm 9885 at
1100 « M T il»i!y. Trafhc: (C.Vt.) KP4WT 173. c,Hapt.)
KP4WT 181. iAufrJ KP4WT 1*1
WESTERN FI.OKXDA—ACM, Frank M. Butter, Jr.,
W4RKH-W0C: W41KB, PAM: W4MQQ. AM: MOBIL
RM-RTTY: W4WEB. Nets:
JW Fr«q, Vim* Ihpt b Qlfl tfTC
WFPN m i Icq. 231)031 Daily 31 381 VT
QFN 3H51 ko. UUUl/UKWZ " tf — -
NWM<AFM 14fi-94Mo. niTOH Tbiirs. — _ -
i Two tuore dub* have become affiliated with ARRL—
Five Flags AHA of PeniwMU and Playground ARC of
fort Walton. PenRamla: New Mama iiirjiid* VVN40LW,
WN400W, VVN40QF, WN40RM and WN40UT. Tho
FFAKA newsletter *** named the Vqlv Chicken. WA4-
WAK the uoutot *imier. Both fFAHA *nd
liHNCTC had ham i-xhtblta at. the Interstate Fair. Fntt
Walton: The City of FWB has purchaaed a TR-4
transceiver, as well as a CB riff, tor permanent uee at
the O.IX Gemtpr. It ta already quipped with f-meter
f.m. and 10-meter ITOKET has an HW-17 with
ij*. adapter. WBHTLQ/4, ei-WA4WJV_ iwtunied to the
itivH to retire, and alno H«a an HW-17. WN40UL ia a
new haiu. W4JUJ6 moved to Valparaiso. W4BVK, with
assistance from WB4EQU. Is now on fr-meter f.m. Pan-
ama City: WB4IXIC w*a appointed Bay County SC.
WA4V1Y tcM active in the Oil Patty. Hlountstown;
WA4FBV has a Swan ifflO on 7* and 40 from Kinard.
WB40PW ia a new ham id Baam>m. TaLlahaAMe: "WB4-
t>%UW is a new club member. WB4()RH is a new ham.
WB4UXJ put up a 4I»-meter inverW "V". Ph?ny: WA4-
GHB was Appointed Taylor County EC. He is on 75-
meter s.s.s.b, and 2-meter f.m. rIVaffie: (Oct.) WB4LOQ
SB, WB4DVM M. WA1EBN/4 26, WB4KQU XI. W4KldI
U. WWDJ 8, W41KB n, (8ept.) WB4LUQ

SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION
A R I Z O N A — G a r y M. Hamman. V770AF—SEC:
KTGKA KM: K7NHU PAM: W7UXZ, The Convention
at- Han Die^o waa attended by approximately thirty
amateurs from Arisona. W7IV pteraited a Signal
One at the banquet- The Annual 8AR0C C'Jonvention
Will be hf-td Keh. 1970. at the Htardnst m Las Ve-
s^s. The Amateur Radio Council of Arfiona (ARCA) ia
&puitw>ring the Second Annual Winter Hamfest* which
wdl be h put-luck picnic in the Phoenix area un ^ b . U
For mom information write yoiir SCM or ARCA. Box
M i . Phoenix 85001 Arrancemente have been made to
hav«4 the Tuthil! Hemfeat in FIa««tafi July 54 to 15,
' I V Hmftsdale ARC hoxfed a meetinx at which ARRL
General Manager John Huntoon apolce and answered
Questions. The Arisona ARC had a week-end anting at
Roosevelt Lake Nov. 1 and 3 in addition to having a
transmitter hunt on Qrt. that was won by W7UXSS.
A utatewide emergency exercise is planned for the 8KT
week rtid. Contact K7QPK ur W7CAF nr monitor the
xtate R A ( ^ 3 Net on 3.9905 Me, ni W300 MBT Sun. for
more mformation, Yuur participation in the eiierdae is
nrpHrd. LieenHP «pjcradinfta include W7FOJ i/t Krtra;
K7ZRC, WN7NBM, W7AKU to Advanced^ WN7KOE to
General. The Copperatat* Net handled 188 QTCfc in
<Vt. Traffic: «jet.i K7KHI# SB. W7GKP 15*. WA7AAJ
1«. WAHSP WTOUK 34. WTDXB "W7CAF lfl,
W7DLF 174 K7KFI 17. W7LLO 17. W7JMQ 1J, K7RLT
11, K7ZMA 11P W701F SM K7EXF (8ept.j K7EXF 10.
 LOS ANGELES—BCM, Harvey Hetland, WA0KSGI—
Am*. SCM; Donald R, Ktheradge, K0UMV, SBC;
WA6QZY. Antelope Vallev ARC nffirer* uh WB4ZE8,
orar.; K9IJYi vtce-pre*./«cy.; WB0IMB, treaa, Kor the
We*t Valley ARC: WH6UHF, pre*,; WBQVZL vtae-
pn*.; WBflYKf, «cv.; WAGPNN. tmu, WA0QZY is
our new SEC. flection amateurs ace requested to jrive
him their full support. Pa*sdena City CoUeg* QBO
Club's officers are WA0OKP, pres,; WTWLTfi, Tice-
prea.; WB0VTA, Recent.|y-ele«twl ufttor* of the
So. CaL QCWA Chaptur are W0II* chairman: W0RL,
ripe-chairman; KtfEV, ewy.-treas. The East San Ga-
briel Valley ARK? provided communication* in the form
of 10 f.nv, mobile* for Halloween spunk patrols Cor the
City of Baldwin P«Tk, The totlowing amateurs provided
communications for the RneemeaH Parade under
RACKri L.A. County: W0VDS. KftTOW, W0VHU,
WA6VAI, WAflWPX. WA6I0V, WtfFXN, K0OXX nud
WBtfUPC. The do. Calif. V.H.P. Club and other groups
also wai* involved in spook patrols, WH4t>YO ia now
Extra Class. W6MN moved to Red BJuEf. and the new
SCN manager is W6TXTP. WNQQAM passed the General
and Advanced Class eta ma the «utc day, WB0TIK js
bu*y wjth wllege vtudies, and IVRRUhU ia now /0 at
Ifntv, of Calif.. Rlvrruide. WB8GGL ia making Urn* for
nhnne-patahtng activity WB6KXI joined Navy MAR&.
Rumnr baa it. tb»t WWtW and ctpw are repairing an-
tenna*. The Feb, ni*-ting of the Monterey Psrk ARC
will be the Annual Valffnt-inK'n Party featuring WB0-
BBO. WN0L8B haa a one-tube transmitter linking on
80 and 40 metpr* n la ARAL Handbook, and WAOABP
squired a 33V3 transmitter. KflAWO, WflEQ and W0-
NYC now mobile b1 round table «n the way to work
urine 3940 WffBfTG is liaek lifter a hospital atay.
KflOUW (a getting going fmm the w QTH. KCCL
now represent* the Palisades AKC at the J*. A. Council
of Radio Clubs. WtfDGfl vacationed in and
WflDQX is working on a AO-ft. mast for a new antenna*
WAfiPJJ reports fine activity on the Metro Net. 80.1
Mc. at 8 p.v, WfiF.IT was the Brat nation amatnir to
earn the new ARflli Pnhlia flervic* Honor Roll award.
WA0GAV has a Swan going in his Toyota ieep, WQIVC
is looking toward the «nd of the awing shift so he can
Totum to flCN, AnnA kc at 7 WflJET reports rrpairs
to the SB-610 monitor amp*, WB6PKA reports the 40
and An "V" in back, in the Air. KftNTA managed 710
OSO* fn 93 Mmtriea on 2ft Me. during th« Phon* <
DX Teat WB0OTTD haa a new TO keyer. WBflQFB
waived Quarter Century Award So. 29 fnr SA countries
on RTTY, WARCV la working on a new KG-meter an-
tenna. The JPl. ARC to artiva in L.A. Countv RACES,
WR0VZT operated from VTBflWIT durimr the OQWW T>X
Phonn Tsat wepk end. Our thanks to WB0ZLP for Oct.
statistics on the Metro-Net:
ttf Tiw Off/ (?rCT Mfcr.
MetmNet M.4KC0. Srjs. 419 000 WB6ZLP
I will mail any **ct\nr\ amateum sending in a monthly
report a copy of the monthly bulletin. J>iVi-
Traffic: (Oct.) WtfMLF 41)7, WWBBO J70,
W0INH 108. frfiQAK M, K6CDW 84. WA0FJ.T 45, W«KD
3t, WB0ABP K0CL 87, W8SYP 3t, WBflKQK JO,
WflPJT 10, WA0TWS 10, WtfBHCf 1ft. \V0T>OX 10, W6-
HUJ 8. WWPH 7. W«TTflYft,W0TVC 4, W0TH 4, WflAM
3, WfiDGH 3. WB0KXI 2, WB0SBZ I. (Bept.) W0M1Z
m KflTTffA 300. WA0ABP 23, KflCt. W. W01VC
WB0KXI 3, W0TN 0, W0AM 4, WB6KGK 4, W0TXJ L

ORANGE^-SCM, Bny R, Maxaon, W«DEY-OR«

W0LCP ia the new call of ex-WHBLW. Seth haa been
appointed mgr. of the Sonthern Qslifornia Net. ORB
WAflFOQ ia 14 and apparently the vouogeafc ORB ap*
pointee m the section. OR0 KfiOT atin ia battling now.
OO W6BAM manauea aome monitoring between painting
sessions. RM WOBNX akeds with the Coast Guard ships
at aaa and on Apollo riiots, OO WA6JZZ made 14
p.p.m, in the recent FMT and aaka why theni la not
more local activity in the CD Parties. VVA0RGF, RN0
mgr., is back to work after a hernia operation. OPS
WRHUK *ki*ds many friends iu Anton*, QCWA and
MTN,feECWBOCQR and many other hams from the
urange aoction made the Southwestern Division Con-
vention infetanDie®o and lota of eyeball QBO parties
mm held. After Feb. TO WflPJU and WftDKY witt be
found at m KnoU Road, Vista. C^, U0B3. WNQEPS
probably in the timt Novice member of the Old Timer's
Club, but Woody qualified from having WBQBJD in MW
Casey Conway it now WNdJFO. Traffic: (Oct.) WOLCP
156, WflBWX 1X1, WAoRGF tlAt WOWRJ Jl, KflOT ft
(Sept.) KttOT 6.
SAN DIEGO—Richard K, f*ttrt WAfiOOE-
Art* aCM: Art Smith, WUNL flBCi WAOKHN. We
trust Santa was «oud to the shack and that your No. 1
resolution was to report to y<*<r BCM on yuur bam ac-
tivities each month* Dec. was "Join the AAEO" month
in thta Hurfion utd maw became buth active and lim-
if*d vctatue mem hers, There h» an active group wjth.
plans to operate should a disaster occur. Wfiy not join
with the AREC a* a part of your New Year's ham ae-
tivitfcs* contact the 8KC7 t.-feto; Up ware to notify the
BUM of your chang* in officer*. V.h.f. held its Christ-
um* Party Dinner, The £kl>. DX Club Oct. meeting was
*t the home of KtfVZA, Nov. meeting at the home or
WOCAE. The WO Qflf* Bureau has moved. New addre
is in QST. Our thanks to the S.D. DX Club for actin
aft the WO Bureau for the past 10 years. The El Csfon
ARC hrid * pncwinful anrttion fn Nov. Palomar ABC
sells county call books and is meeting in Vista. Sertimi
WAtKHN and KfiEC.build monitor scopes. WB0HZ1
wm wbbed at tlie GTH. WAOQYM ha* an inverted
on 40-80. WB4CYP/0 has l«n lending the section
in emergpncy power check-in* to the AR£C Net, WA-
IN X worked allfttatesin 3 weeks by calling the Dela
wnret HCM <ui the landlme for the last contact sited*
KftRTO nttmded the L.A.-8.D. ATV meeting in Oct.
F,m- croups have a relay working for interconnections
up the roast. WAOFXM and K6HAV are new to RTTY.
WBflIMN hponso* the Own«e1d Jr, High ARC. W0-
AOU is a Bitot Key. A very Happy New Y«-ar to alt.
Traffic: {Oct,) K6BP1 10,034, "WOVNQ MO, WOBOF 4
W6F30T aSO, W0LRU 179, X6SD/0 IT, WOYKF 13,
WJ&COB t> KKEM8/6 L (Sept.) W0YKF 33.
WEST GULF DIVISION
NORTHERN TEXAS—flCM, L* E. Harrison, W5LR
—AsKt HCMj Gene Pool, W5NFO. W5JSM. PAM
TV5BOO, PAM fvJi.f.): WA5KHE. RM: W6QQZ. Ass
8EO (Ea»tex): WAJKHEL Browtifield 8wapfest No. II
attendance waa 4A0-p1uv and our congrats to WIINPO,
WAStiyy, WfiNW, WAJHM and Hurrmmding dubs bi-
dudzng Amanllo> Pleinview, Midland, Lubbock, etc. Our
OOs continue reporting in fine stvle. OO W5MJBG made
the HuntooQ-Dallas meeting, Three TV stations nf the
Hal I AS" Fort Worth trade have agreed to preview
the ARRI*filmand possibly schedule same at a later
date. K5BDC was issued an OPS appointment. North-
tinttin nets include Kaetex Traffic i^nhandlc. Kaatex
Kmerflcnfly 7M0, Tex 9Mt, and Weeta Traffic Nets.
Flainview ftC Issues a nice NVL WfiRVtoconsidering a
leadernhip appointment, IVfiPCX. and WABPPF reported
late last month. WftPXW is KniMing an Hiuft tower an
an HffMOO. K51BI aays the ARRL 30th Convention
rprords show 210 rrgistcved and 245 attending the ban-
^net, owns an HR^fllua, Denton ARC reports
08 members. WfiBVB is pre*, end the f-Iub meets the 2
Mon. in <Dcnton County City Hall. The Annual OBfl
Kurvey is now underway. Ple*i» return your card show-
ing ywr M'hpditle, The PARC, WA5HWM net mgr.. file
a eompl«>te ncl report The RC Club of Fort "Worth,
WAfiQOJ4 pres., meets at T?M the 3rd Thnra. Club
decels are available (mm WA5HWW. The Qfih Bureau
in T51 Pmo now is in full swing. See K5QVH,fin*A91
Naw MARd has a newfikippMrnamed Chief CV Pos-
tnn. Wenf. and Rett Trjcaa t^ordmaton^ Messrs. Moss-
man and Miller, are the people tn WAOKlV's article
rrtverlng Collet Mceftafos Centers t* reaUv something,
WAfiVJB. Crowley, ha* been tared an OVg certificate
RM W5QG2 haa RTTY rapabllity, ea Hoes WASQQK
and WA5DOP. WdUJN has mrnned to Oklahoma. Al
Bfus.4ir.rk> X\'L 1* WffMJU. W5I/GY reports good n
th-ify tn fh^ Mhen^n-Denison area, including W5JQT
ami WftATC. Traffir: ^Oct.) WA5PPP M70, K5BNH
1475. WAAKXY 44. W5JAM tt, W6LR WA5CTJ/S t8
W5PBN KflBTV? 10, WAJSUQP T WAWJWA T, W
FRJ fl. WBQCTC CSept.) WAAPPF 3B39* W&FOX i
WA5FRS 4. (Ati«.) WA3QWA 51. (Mv) W5FCX 10.
OKLAHOMA~-£CM, Ccca C, Cash. W5PML-Assi
BCtM: W. U rAmoky) Rfover. KSOOV, mO: WAfiFBN
RM: W5UMJ. P\Ms: WftMPX, K5TEY, WA5JQUf K
ZCJ, Muakoaee held a practice eveeimtion tpst In co-
ordioation with the Red Cross, assisted by K5BPY/M,
K5PRW and K5WPP/Mr Muskogee Co. The nen
officers of the Muskoaee A R C are K 6 W V X , pres^ W&-
Z W Z , vice-pres,; K 5 B P Y , secy,; VTOWAX act. m g r
VVAJYRO, Stevens County WO, reports the d u b is hold-
m f ^ode daaees for the B S A for merit badges. WA3-
ZVI, Enid, s p o r t s completion and testing of tin
1084 Hfmdhonh 433 Mm ripe; hn s l w pawned the end*
qualifying run end is working h&vd on the Extri
Class, K 5 0 C X jost "returned from portable operetta
and a <!eep-m» fishing trip to t h ^ T V x a s i-oast, Con
KratulHtions t o new Extra Class R S C B A . Advanced S &
F K B and WABOVV and General W A 5 W E T - N e t reports

NH Tim* QN1 QT
OLZ 010UZ 3083.6 ke. 18 73 4
&5Z 094S2 14 39
OPEN imzftu mete. 4 M
OPOM 2300Z *39tM ka. S3 333 <
OTN 3330Z CT 738
OWXN IJOOQZ 27 m -

"These nets robot mi mis 9 ke. from the N a t Director

lifting because of interference with the Illinois PON
Traffic: KJ5TBY 1122, WACTMO 7». W A M F X W, WAfi
VHO M, WA5&UO 51, W6QMJ W A f f L W O 33, WBFXl
13, xWfiPML 10, W A 5 F S N K 3 W P P 7, W A A N Z M 5
K K K 3 X 2.

S O U T H E R N T E X A S — S C M , G , D . Jerry Sean
W f t A I R - B B O : K£QQO, P A M : W S K L V . IEM: W5ESS
WHrome t o tbo. Southern Texas officials. New IflCs
W 5 R Y O , Pireos C o u n t y : TCfiURW. Colorado O n j n t y
W6JJEQ, T y l e r C o u n t y ; WfiQMH. B o a r County. Kfi
K z R , who has xervwi the amateurs of Hesar Count
and many other* in Southern Texas, haa resigned s
I5C for Bexar County. W e wish to eompllmont T^ee c
an m w l l e n t j o b during the past flvm yearn and k n o
his work has been appreciated b y many. W S A J D n
ports t h a t approximately 15 actrve area amateurs h d
a Mg«t acquainted" a^t-to^ether Ort v 10 a t C a n
ChempioDS on Lake LBJ» W 5 M T B was host with B a i
B - C u e goat furnished b v W 5 D H J L W A 5 K M Y h i
moved from Laredo t o Bah Antonio. WAfiINZ, a fonxu
T E X / R N 5 trnflle-haodler, visited in Bah Antonio e
fcbuts to a new ssslgument in Germany, K f E I U / 0 , fen
tner active in flo. IVxaa. will b e stationed In the fls
Francisco area on a new airline Jnb. T h e Houston Tels
phone Pioneers Amatmrr Radio Club, WAflDOgJ, had
nice open-house Nov. worked most bands with In
and 1 meters with AM watts. WftTCL, E C Orange Couu
t y , advises the hurrlcana in Nov. gave them a goo
K a r e but provided an exercise tn getting ready. Don
f e d lonesome—all the rest of the northern and centrs
Gulf Ooaftt were in the same Jtoat, T h a t was the horri
enn* that came in strong and then turned hack withoi
coming inland, M a n y o f us had oar emergency powi
plants all gassed tip and everything ready. O P B K l
w Y N , N C S for the West Gulf Emergency Net* has bee
rm a motor trfp through tlHnoie, Mfasouri, Marylani
Virginia and a whole bunch In between, Tntfflo: ( O c t
W 5 E Z Y 178, W5QJA 167. TC5HZR 101* R 3 R O Z 92, VTl
0 0 ftl, WBARQ All, W T F W 3ft. W » B O K "WBATR 1
WTWAH/JJ 10, W 5 S L V 8. (Bept.) WfiQJA 1W, W B E S
80, K 5 R O Z 72,

CANADIAN DIVISION
A L B E l T A - f l O M , Don Ruthertand, 'VE6PK—BBC
V E B A F R , P * M : VTOADS, In the recent World-wf-
D X Content V E f l A D X ran up a a e o n of 1 U M in tl
single transmitter multi-op class. C A R A wifi lie ho
for the tWO Alberta Hamfest, FVirther detiuts will 1
riven aa t h e committee makes them available. T !
A RISC haa fieen pretty nr-tfve. Haxma did commtmlp
tinnv for the March, f o r Milllrvns, Tiethbrldgs also 4
its March plus a Ooblta Patrol, C s l g a r v handled eon
munzeations for the eivio election. ^TCJBR is pntth
out quite a signal with his new rfg and beam. T1
N A K C In conflnning ffca drive t o bring t h * possibilitt
and thnHs of amateur radio t o the uninitiated. Tfc
well-planned program should bring s few mors ami
terra fnto the foH VFJRBB reports t h a t the Y«41m
knife rVntmnJel Radio C l u b has Seen formed with
active members. H i e club station. V E 8 N W T , will be <
regularty t o cejflhrate the Centennial. T h e Yellowkni
f S u h Is nponsonrig n wpfl-atfenrled ,begfnners dan
VFBVP> historinn for the C A R A , can nap tiny hiformi
Hon. both new and old. Traffic: VHBFK 9V TX96S8
V E 6 V P 3, V E 5 A F Q VE8PV VKffNO 1

B K N ' I S H C O L U M B I A — H . K Savage, V E 7 I
— V K 7 A X H is now PHnce George EC,- V B 7 Q O h a s ti
applied f o r appointment. V K 7 A B Y is gptting mai
ried, T E 7 B D T and V E 7 B A V are proud fathers* b o
have boys. V B 7 K Y ; over six months in the estensli
ears nnit, is now on the mend. V W D B is o n t o f t
hospital after being rear-ended. V B 7 A C C also is out
the hospital after tangling w i t h a parked trttdk. V E
B G V f m really did his holidays mobile. V E 7 B X D re-
portf the 8eoutM mm ir*d * pjud time because his MW
yuad really b workiait- VE7LL is R l TTY r ntid looking for
HjC. WBOMAY/VKT is chairman of the new Green Key*,
F.M, CVunTmmicatiou* A«m, V157AC reports that
be likely will be in the hospital for awhfl* Vanouurer
After* kiaw officers are VE7BHD, pre* ; YE7TO, vji*-
pves,; VETAP1. secy, VE7BWH j* «oumi man for a film
iTrw in Costa Rica. Bogota and other parts «f tfouth
America. The new editor of Zero Beat, Y.&W/a month-
ly paper in VK7AKK," ulao its Licence Plate Committee
weed* a pat for it* gond work. Letter* should be aent
to Hox J34, Victoria. Goblin PatroI was jfuppurfod by
forty mobile and haw stations and again the increase
id vOjafflunicatioQB for police auppurt atop any forming
iif gang* that could do damage ff 1*t loose. Traffics
fu«t.) VtfiTQQ VE7BB 13* V&7GQ 11, (Sept.) VE7-
GQ 11, VKKJQ G.
M A N I T O B A — 6 C M . Keith Witney, VE4E1—VE4KW
rf^Kirts that the B A H C hs* lust its dub room and has
elected a row-slate nt uttims. VK4s OM, BR, A O and
Bfl are to be congratulated cti tbmr phone ticket*. Two-
in* tor activity is strong with repeater talk in the- air in
Brandon and Winnipeg 149.45 in and 140.94 out. VE4UM
is hack with bn Qnr,ar project m the football stadhuii,
VBtHH is happy with his new Swnn while VRfci RI,
HI, m and X J m m the West Kildonan Goblin Pxtrol
un 2 meters, Congrats VK4.PA on Jim election an pres.
of AUIM ht the Brandon rneetrng, VE48C i* ttorkixts
on K T T Y again Htui a.F^.k. uttivity in Winnipeg i* iu-
irreawnjr on 140.7. Phone iwt: SI seorioite, ONI fill*, QTC
11; M T N , 30 sessions, O K I 1*1, ^TC M. Traffic : V334-
K* V W R O A3. V M S X 33, VK4H1, 12, fMELW 9.
V134CXJ M» VK4QJ r, VE4JA 0, V E I N S VWYC1 fl.
VB4JJ 8, Y M X R VEHCK, 2, VKUTO 1 VB4BV 1.
M A W T I M E ^ f l M , William ,1. GilJis, V E 1 N H - 8 E C ;
F. R. Fmser, V B l H J . Th« C0B Hufaoti, i>n a cireum-
>iarigat)on of North and South Anterioa, left Halifax
nn Nov. tt wid u i i l return Oct. f W V E M B M <m
hoard and the vpmhpL will ouemto a* V E 0 M X s>a.b, on
15 and 20. V S t Y O and VK1AOO ure eti the i0i>k list,
VF.1AJI recently was "elected Atlantic I>iw-tnr of the
C A R F , K M O Kin** AKO, VE1ABT pre*,! vrasf granted
Leaffue a£liatLonv V.h>f. rpp«tter activity continue at
Monuton, Halifax. St. John's, Truro and upw installa-
tion is planned ror Baint John, Sydoey und northern
SIXTEENTH ANNUAL VE1
CONTEST
Jan. IS and 23, 1970
A l l V H l amateurs are invited to participate in
a contest sponsored by the New Brunswick Ama-
teur Radio Association The contest is divided
into two sections, phone and cat. The highest
scoring contestant in each section will he award-
ed permanent possesion of an enslaved cup, the
N B A R A Trophy. A special certificate of recooni-
tlon will be isvued to any participant submitting
logs showing 29 or more valid contacts*
RULES; 1) The cw contest will begin at 1200
G M T and end at 2400 G M T January 15- 2) The
phone contest will begin at 1200 G M T and end at
2400 G M T January 23. 3) Any and all amateur
hands may be used but only c.w, to c.w», or phone
to phone contacts will count. Any contestant may
participate and be eligible For awards In both
sections, 4) The came station may be counted
but oncc for credit l i n each section) regaxdleii
of band used.. Mobile, portable, and home sta-
tions covered by the same station license consti-
tute the same station. 5; The general call is " C Q
V E l . " $) Exchange signal reports, county, prov-
ince, and operator's name. Local Q T H Is not re-
quired. 7) Logs fchould show band, type emission,
signal reports, country, province* time, and date.
Logs not showing this information I N P U L L will
be disqualified. 8) Score one point for informa-
tion received and one for information sent and
confirmed. Multiply total points by the number
of Individual counties worked in the three prov-
inces to determine final score. For contest pur-
poses Sable Island will be classed as part of
Halifax County. 9) Decision* of the contest com*
mittee will be final. Logs must be postmarked not
later than Feb. 3 and should be in committee
hands not later than Feb, tt. Forward all entries
to: Contest Committee: c*'o Roger Erskine
VE1PL, Box 1800, Bathurst. N. B. Canada.
tf.B. V E J H J reports using a Pickering keyer. V £ I E S
now ib ro»Kialailiyr voiea, The AKLS O W L is leaumiiig
activity with VOIXB/VOS eoDturainic aa editor 1ta sine
bulletin. VOfa AO, K W , G B utd A P i u i w have Ad-
vanced ticket*, Mwntnoe tfparketta, under Pre*. V K 1 -
A H V ia sponsoring an award fur traffic-handling. Net
traffic: 5* fe*Hiuiifl, Q N I 054, Q T C 79. p u
Itt, Dec, 19W B**t wihiu* tur WTO. Tralhc; V E 1 -
A M R 98, V G U W 7 7 , V E l A X f c B ti.
O N T A J U O - ^ C M , JRov A, White, V E B H T X - d K O :
VtOBWD, H a U uff to the Ppel A HO 7/hich did such a
splendid job handling comrauiucatiomi durmff the nat-
ural-Baa lire at Ma!ton Out, 25. Cnnvrata to ytQPtjZ,
irbr* }» uow tb/> K C fc>i County. He « tdsct the Intt r*Ktiof\**hilit$ « r r n d e p r e p a r e r i m
WMO Coordinator and thm makes the third aiich UnctL
appointment >n Ontario. Welcome to V1S8DOB, VWU
0 X 8 ftfirl V E 3 C F I , who are tiuw Ontario Phone Net
CtantmUerJi. Stticph- rondujenre* t o \ b&AKQ xm the Jogv
of hia bod. Fonthill will be k o u w n na Pel h a ® nfrtrr ih«
first of t.hft yt-Kir and the twin citte* of Port Arthtir and
Knrt William H i l l h* Thunder Kay. Windaor AftC ivmj~
comes 17 atudents to iti elub and Nnrtovm A R T ban 25
p o t e n t i a l h a m * ftjpned up f u r d a * * * . V E 3 E W D l i v a
iipw lip ivnH is l o o k i n g a 1«t. h a p p i e r these d a y s br-cntj^
o f t h e increased iirfeTWrt In A f f E c r , K d in
VK30NB haa moved from Windsor to. Hanover ami
VKSKBTf, u(no Winder, hun muted, to Pontine,
Mich., w h i l e V W R G W fa now in Hwtium uft*r l i n n s i n
Warren, Mich. V'EStiFX no* baa certificate* from WB4-
KM flpjvermK "Apollo" lauivhinjp ft. JO and 11. Y E 3 -
KCK'. hi Ottawa, ** htminz tip iutrrmt m an amateur
T V repeater. Ooiuzrata to VBSAYZ on bis eDfloiiif.mpm
»» HT fnr Thunder Hay. He al*> ia the E M O Coordi-
nator. V R 3 C R O w o r k e d 1ffl> r o i i n t r w in t h r e e * p p k *
200 v r i t b i o aix month*. YEtVFT ha* j i w t n w i w f fiia
"SOO" sticker. 10 meter* waa hut for the Orf r Wcn-ld-
Wide f ) K CWe^d- Tmifie: lOrt.) VH3KMQ 8IW, VK3-
E B R W . VE3G1 m , V E 3 F R K 105, VK9K1H1 K+ VK3.
HPi> 7 hr VESA W E 48. V E S D O M. ^ W Y H S8. VR3ATT
30, VbMiHt* TV V'WVO T4, V E 9 D H IS, V R 3 K W D
Y E S D B G S, VB7APL VE3WW fl. V W K K X 4. VK3^
G U O 4. (HepI.) VE3A1VK 14, VE3EAVD 10.
Q U E B E C — . f , W. / b e y , V i G ^ C U - T x i r A f n r f K T C J
on SflOO ia active after a alow gpell. RPQ. the wctinn-
tvide phom iwt, remaina very active on 3780. For On-
tario-Quebec traffic, doo'i forget (JQH on SSSft and for
o u t - o f - a r e a w a t c b f o r > 3 0 N i m BS40. F o r m e r V K 2 C J i s
a c t i v e n o w a s V E 5 A N J * Amonxp t h « < p w h o m a d e l n c a i
(wtreipation in tli* International B o v 8cout Jamboree
a micro* V K » B B I , . V E 2 0 V and V E S A B P , V E 2 0 K
held bin A n n u a l S p a g h e t t i D i n n e r a t hm l a c ^ i m o u
UaIw N o v , 9. V f e t t P N h a a t u a o y feet o f 8 m m * t i l m o t
ansatpiir r a d i n . I l i e L a HalJe H i g h t j c h o o l ( T h r e e H i v e r a i
A u i a t o u r R a d i o C l u b , Y K f t M O , e ^ n i M v e a ar e V P 3 A T J H ,
pres.; V E 2 B V V . p a H t - p m r ; V E 3 V K . vint-pre*.; V K S -
A « F P wry.j V K 2 A J D , t r * » n . ; V K 3 0 V . d i r - ; V B J A C O ,
tf»r r n * m a i n a a a p w n a i i r n t e x r r u t i v e f*>Tnmitte*
s e r y . P o n r l a p r e m i e r e f o i a , le rnngr^ lf!7i> d e K a q u i u
t i e o d r a a Quebec d«>iut d^? / u l l l e t . I>e R a d i o O l u b d e
^ i v b e o ^ V f ^ - W n e n t d e former pluaieura connt^a dont
pfua tfmnda
conffrta d e V A a a o c i a t i o n P r o v j n e i a l a * Y E 2 D L Q , V1G2-
5 U T , \ ^ 2 L > H H . V K S H B l f vt V F ^ D S C ^ n t m a i n t r n a n t
t f i A p h o n i R mir 7^ et- 40 m e t r w i , B o n a i i r o ^ a V K ^
I V A l , racpooaable d i i conoacirs V E T d e K A < J i q n i a u r a
li»Mi e u a v r i l o u mux p r o c h a i n . V E 2 B A I a b a t n n t r a v a i l
d e g p a n t d n n a l a r^tcion d u Hapcuan^y; r ' e s t KriLee a ana
ncMubraux efforts m i a r a d r o » a m * t e u r eat at p o p n l a i r e
» W cntte rAffson ttu ^ r f U ^ T n t f t i r ; V E J O t t VESCF
16. V H H C 1 1 , V E J B V V V E S O J X V R 2 P J I.
flKl!, S A S K A T C H E W A N — S S O M , O o r d o n C . Pearee, V E 8 -
H P - N b X 4 : VJaSBUU^ P A A 1 ? V K 3 P S 5 . K M ; V J j & O U R c > :
VFML, VE5DO, VE5KJ. YB5NX, YMBO. OBB: V M -
H 4 OVSa: YEftCU, YftVUCL-OPBi YlflbUH. ORSs
V W 5 U L , U U : V K f i K K , T h e R e K i n a fl-mef^r n - p e v t e r i a i n
full operation wider h j g h e r p o w e r . A Saskatooji 3 - u w ^ r
r e p e a t e r i s I w i n v p l a n n e d . W a l k a t b o n s a r e b e i u g aaazated
h y Inrttl h u m chtha. T h e B o y S n o u t J u m b o i * * ttu t h e A i r
i n O t . « t i l | i a c a p t u r i n R th«- i i n ^ ^ i n a t i o n af m a n y A n y
Scoutn t h e i r leaders^ T h e H A U L d i r e c t o r ' s m e e t i n g
wh« h e l d i n Haalcatonn N o v . V. V ' b l 5 U U t i p p a x n t M an a a -
^i^tanf. to D i r p r t n r Nciel K a t o i i . v i l l m a t e « r e p o r t i n
Tnaiputtn*. Th«* 4 0 - m e t e r n e t i a oo e a c h e v e n i n g o n
7.1HK a n d 7.3IH a t <Jm a n d Ittuo G M T , l e s p e i t i ^ l y ; t h e
P h o n e Net. eneh p\**»ninir o n ttAft k r . j i t
0100 G M T : t h e H a a k a t c h e v r a n O . V V . N e t a t 1)930 G M T o n
SUN) ke. C o d e prmrtice in b y Hsakatchewai)
hntnit n n 3730 k r r wt DWO ( J M T T u e . a t u l ' l l i n r a . ' I l i e
ffflskattihew^n 1970 h a m f e s t w i l l b e h e l d i n H e p i n a J u l y
3, 4 atrd f970. E l a m f e a t m n n a ^ r i s V E 6 U A . T r a f f i c ;
^ W G L 44, V W H O 34. Y B S K Z 14. V E 5 B I ) 1 1 , V B 8 B O
Ri V K W N V W H f t 4, Y 8 U K 4, \ T 5 5 0 J 4, V B U L j L
V E 4 R E Z, V E 5 C P 1, Y B 5 M X I , V E K H 1 . [ q ^ j
 STAFF
JOHN HUNTOON, WZLVO
FEBHUABY 1970
Editor VOLUMELIV NUMBER2
& UURD CAMPBELL, W1CUT
Managing Editor PUBLISHED MONTHLY, AS ITS OFFICIAL JOURNAL, BY THE
GEORGE GRAMMER, W1PF AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE INC., NEW1NGTON, CONN., U. SL A.
Technical Editor OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION
DOUG DB MAW. W1CER
WALTEB LANG£ WlYDS
-CONTENTS-
BOBBf fi. ANDEBSON, K1TVF*
GERALD ^ HALL, KLPLP
DOUGLAS A. fiLATESIXtWiKLlC
Auiitaat r«oiuuca* £ctttors
EDWARD P, TH.TON, W1HDQ TECHNICAL —
F.HJT Wito;
Equipment Modification for the Blind
LEWIS G. McCOT, WIICP A. E. Sc&waneJbe, W0G8 11
Bapf&aer and Novice
ROD NSWQRK. W9BRD Gimmicks and Gadgets:
WILLIAM SMITH, KflCEK
LOUISE MOREAU, WB6BBO A Simple Crystal Testsr-Calibrator
JOHN TROSTERt WGISQ MicAaei S. Bobbin*, K6QAH 20
Cbntnr£uf/ja?
ROBES? I RINALDI, W1CKY A Sturdy 80-Foot Mast Larry Walrod, VE7BRK 22
^di^ertfaisg Manager
EDGAR Dp. COLLINS A Long-Delayed Echo A R . . ,0. G. Villard, Jr., W6QYT,
Advertising AtmUtant C. R. Graf, W5LFM, and J. M. Lomasney, WA6N1L 30
I. A. M o s m , WIJMT Another Look at Your Receiver and Its S-Meter
dxeuiotJon Maooger
CARL KL SMITH, W1ETU James N. Thuraton, W4PPB 37
AiiiifaA^ Cbeu/dtfoii Moflogtr
•On military Jeare ol abeeno* Let's Talk transistors, Part IV Robmrt E. Stoffel* 38

OFFICES Graphic Solution oE LC Resonance

SSUatB Donald K. Gomhay, W6MMU 42
jfto^Bf ^SO^ubj
Tel: 2D3-GQ6-I541
ttiMortuUon rataOT.ftUper ynr r — Some Hints on Push-PuII 432-MHz Power Amplifiers... 44
paid, uJdL IUDdst Id Canada and UiBl;
fo elaewhare. ARJUi Mambarahlp,
uoludlait available only co Technical Topia:
Transistor Rigs and Cold Weather 46
ladlvkluaLi wlUi a bona Ada Lataooat
Id amateur radio: KU50 per year: Technical Correspondence 50
U Jk loo da. Id Ga&ada and 93-; 17
etaewhenfti rilnfdo 76 carta.
Foreign ntmlttaooeJ Hbould be bj Recent Equipment:
International postal or pxprwf money
order or bank draft negotiable In tbo Lafayette HA-800 Receiver 82
U.B. and iw an eouWafent amoral i
In UA fundi.
BocoacMeee postage paid at llartonL
Oonzuaud amddltlonal malHugofltaca.
Oopyright1070 t>y tbe American Ra- BEGINNER AND NOVICE—
dloftew J^ea8ne» inc. Title rogtetwed
at V3JS* Pateat Office fntenuittouL How to Wind Your Own Power Tran*£orcaar
copyright secured, AUrightaraicrvede
tfiiAft* rmmtfM fadfe* lot dwtfatot. Lewim O. McCoy, WIICP 26
Printed Id UJ9.A*

INDEXED BY Applied Satenca and 0PEBA TING—

Technology Index, Library oE Con-
grea Catalog Card No.: 21-9421 86

GENEB&L—
OOH CQFEK Witchcraft, Goblixu, Hgxm, and Gnmlins
ftcorge fttetten Albert Ktthn, K4FW 61
nuq, 1Y30H fl,ir
>'md<|pnt uf
tlQue wirelesw
. Association, Jack ARRLQSL Bureau... 36 "It Smku to U.
I Gray, VVKJOV
(r.)t aod otlter RP8 i>&&<t«»i<iiiiiii«i»iiii SO
Historians Coning Convention*.......... 68 NmAppantaf .. ,21, 41.83
amine old-time HMpandeiM From Member* 66
Itmr at a rwrnt ndback 46. B1 Silent K*ra... 83
•%.W*A« oo avia- HouniMi Calendar 68
tion In Kn*t Station ActivitiM
Urccowicti, K. 1. HappaaixiM ol the Moaih 62 Woxld Above 80 Mc...,
Hint. & K I M * 4?
OT1AW Schedule
Kow'a DX? 78
IARU News 68 YL News St Views
Index to Advertisus 142 25 and SO Years Ago inQ3f... 19

February 1970 3
 * AMERICAN
rH DIRECTORS
Canatfa

RADIO RELAY
NOEL BL BATON* VfiSC
Box Waurdovn, Ontario
VUx-rHreetor; ATOeorge Spencer,, . VESM
171 KlpUns Ave.* BeaconvieULt Quebec
Atlantic Division

LEAGUE, INC.,
HARRY A. MoCONAaHY,...,T,,,.>PWaBPC
8708 Kenwnjr ur., Potomac Uettada, Md.aoQU
rfct-{X wlor; Jwe B&eberiwi W3K1
no 1, Valley HU1 Ad.* Malvem, Pa. Ittltt
Ii a noncommercial association of radio omot*tin, bond*d for C*afoa/ Division
th* promotion of lflf*r«*t In amateur radio communication and PHILXI'ti. EJALLER
*xp«rtm*ntafton,forth*relayingof masses** by radio, for Ih* fluin & Trlpy AWr. Chicago, III. 60039
rfefrWwJnr; Kdmood A. MfiWfw..- ... W*m
advan<*m*flt of the radfo art and of tit* public writer*, for thr (muUl Fourthttt.tiprlniaSd,Htinals 627W
1ropr*s*nVatioit of Ih* radio amateur infegfitafiv*mattery and for DaJbota XVviff/oB
th* mdlntenanco of fratemaBsm and a high standard of conduct. f'HARLES a COMHTONT*.>•.i >«i.< fWIWUC
BoxXMA R.R. 1. doutu BU I'aui, Sdlnzs. WI
It Is an Incorporated ouociaflon without capital tfocK chartered ^rrOfrawr/UuryJ^blma tvpPA*
.wtd*r th* law* of Caninctkut, Its affabi art gov*ra*d by a Board 71417 r^odricA R<L Bloomlngtozx, MIOZL
of Directors, *l*ct*d ovary two yaars by th* g*n*ral m*mb*nMp» OeJta Dfvfjion
Th* offlcors are etected or appointed by th® Dfrecfors, Tho l*a$»* MAX ARNOLD ..WIWD
Hagan RcL. NashvUl«» Tenn. 37210
fs noncommordal and no on* commordoBy ongagod Jji tti*_maftu» r
t ice /Jitww; FraaUlnCtnra.. w,..W4WBI
factor*, sal* orrontal of radio.apparatus Is tilgibl* to mtmbofsMp N, Treievant Btn Mexnp&ls, Tentu 3ttlu«
on Its board, G^eaf laAts iM vision
A LB AN A. MICHEL W*W
"Of, by andforthe amateur," It ntimbott wtHih* its ranks practl- ttftu Boabam HtL, Clnclnaau, OMoLi4U15
calty *v*ry worth-whit* amateur in lb* nation and has a history of Uittctor; Coma L. Mutt WAFflZ/ KSEP
119 Farter Laaalng, Mien. 4u»l*
gtorfovt acU*v*m*nt as th* standard»b*ar*r In amateur affairs.
Inquiries regarding m*mb*rshtp ar* solicited. A bona- ftd* Had&oa ZH+imloti
HARRY J. DANNALR*.... ... WaTUI
Interast in amateur radio Is th* only tmotial qualification; own*r-_ 1A Arbor Lane. IMx Hills, N.Y.l4 11744
ship of a transmitting station and knowfedg* of fh* cod* are not Vt'iM Otnctor: Stan £ak ,. -
JennU«r Laoe, Fort CJ»Ur, kcw York 1007
prerequisite, although full voting msmfearifilp Is granfod onlyjo
Bemad amateurs. mdwrnt Division
SUMNER H, FjOSTER W*G4
All g*n*rof correspond*™* should b* addr*ss*d to th* admlnls- 2110 Oobtln's Gully Dr.. aJEU Cedar Raptda, lo
trattv* h*adquarte» at N*whgtofl, Conn*cfkut 06111. 6U403
Via-Otrictor: Ralph V, Anderson
£38 Atoataaa Aw,, uolton, Kansas 06430
Nmw England Division
HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, W1AW, 19t*-T936 HUBERT YORK. CHAPMAN. * - VT1
CUGCNC C WOODRUFF, W3CM& 1*36-1*40 2* aoutb Road, Oroton, Conn, u r n
GtORGE W.ftAIUEY*W1KH,~194(M9» I'fce DlrMsr;
OOQJ>WEN U BORLAND, WttSN, 1MM M2 D/orfAiriiteni IMsfoii
HERftERT HOOVER, JR. WdZH, IMMfM ROBERT B. THURSTON. W7PU
7700 31st Ave.. deatcie» Wash. 9V11A
rto-d^Mor; UavSd o. Bennett W7QL,
Boa 46A, St. Helens. Ore. 97U61
ROBERT W. MNNtSTON/ W0DX Pacific Division
8ox 73, Newton, Iowa "90308 J, A. DOC Q HELEN WftZJ
wuiowhrook Way, Cupertino, CaLlL
Hrtt Vk+rn&bnt . . c . WAYLAND M. GROVES,* W5NW Hugh amidy.4. v , , v WMAU
J 406 W*st 12th $tr**tf Od*ssa, r*xas 79760 77 Coleman Or., SmRaXaeL Calif. 94901
V7c*-Pr*i««rf .RQEMER O. BEST, W5GKF Aoaooib* iMvAdoxt
Secretory > , . . JOHN HUHTOON, WUVQ \1CTOR C. J CLARK* W«f
11V2I l opee Head Road. ClUton» Va. 93034
treasurer DAVID H, HOUGHTON r* PbU Wicker............VV4AC
225 Main St* Newington, Connoctlcut 06111 { 4M21HUI Top Road. Ureensboro, N. C. S740
Rocky Mountain Division
CART»LifiJMITH•«••«« t • T *»• OY^B
11)70 Locust lit,, Denter, Colo, ttOMO
Thomas O, Banka W6I
Konorwy WoKPrerfrfent FRANCIS I HANDY, WliW 0A0U Moasman. M.U, Albuquerqae. N. M. 871
Sonifciosfsra £Uvii/oa
H, UALE STRIBTBR i« JJ • • AiiK**
99H Trinidad, Cocoa Beach, Pla. 33931
Genera/Manager JOHN HUNTOON/ W1LVO V4f+.T)tHctor; CThariea J. Bolvln....... K4
Communication* Manager . . . . . > GEORGE HART, W1NJM
JUlo 2701 JL*ne, Miami, Fla. 33133
Technteaf Director GEORGE CRAMMER, WIDF Bouthwostmrn Division
JOHN R. ORTOQB JW*
Atiritettf Generai Manager . MCHARD 1 BALDWIN, W1IKE 338 thwta Mesattt.,Costa Mesis, CailT., 9263
Vic+ixreclor: ArnoldDahlraan Wgu:
Asifctont Secretary . „ , f • PERRY P. WILLIAMS, W1UED 149K) Hartland Van Nuya. CallC. 91405
WM. I. DUNKERLEY, JR, WA2INB . ROBERT M. MYERS, W1 FRY Wost Gulf Division
225 Malii St.* Newtngton, Connecticut 06111 ROY U ALBRIGHT
for Ro«tmary*flanAntonio, Texas 78309
Lester u HarWn,,,..,, .-.WJp*
461A Calmonft. Fort Worth, Texas 7S107
General Cowml . , .ROBERT M, SOOTH, JR„ W3PS < Member Executive Committee
11-50 Connoctlait Avenue, N. W*, Washhgton, a C 20034
Courmi . . . . . ARTHUR It MEEN, VE3RX
Suite 2212,44 King St. V/*st, Toronto t • Ont
"It Seems to Us..."

TOWER HAZARDS
IGHT from our first use of the "Switch to Ratchets holding the winch liandle can
R slip. One of the Hq. crew ended up with a
• Safety" slogan many years ago, the bloody scalp when a winch handle stuttered
emphaais has been on electrical aspects. a couple of notches and cracked him a gifting
We have promoted the doctrines of physical blow. He was lucky; in a slightly different
shielding of power leads, good personal habits, stance, the handle would have struck head
suitable grounding of equipment; proper elec- on (no pun!), and perhaps split his skull.
trical design, and the use of components well
within ratings — all with the aim of keeping "Dogs," supposed to keep the extended
you alive, of keeping you from being eleo- tower from dropping when the winch pressure
trocuted. (We hate to lose membersl) Perhaps is released, can fall to seat properly. This
partly as a result of this QST safety cam- seems a fairly common occurrence. One
paign, perhaps partly as a result of the greater prominent amateur knew that his top section
use of manufactured gear with interlocks and hadn't latched, and grabbed the tower to
other safety features in the design, the number shake it, hopefully to get the dogs to seat fully.
of amateur victims of electrocution from The extended section broke loose, dropped—
station equipment in recent years has — and the ham wasn't able to extricate his arms
thankfully — dropped to a very minimum. in time. The resulting injuries lead to his
But then there was another phase where a death a few days later,
number of people, not all amateurs, were Another ham decided he wasn't going to
killed or severely injured because of careless- bother to lower his crank-down — he climbed
ness in erecting antennas or masts near high- to the top, without a safety belt. The top
tension lines. A swinging guy wire, a mast section let go, and the climber was dumped
falling out of control, a drooping feedline — some 30 feet to the ground. He's lucky —
some of these brought contact with a comr he's alive, though with several crushed verte-
mercial high-voltage line, and death or injury brae.
to one or more of the antenna party. Here And we've had a rash of reports of crushed
again QST published the grisly details, and fingers and toes, resulting from a tower section
a stern warning of the hazards. inadvertently "nesting" while the operator
There is now another portion of the amar- was standing on the rungs, catching fingers
teur's installation which presents a serious and toes between the cross members of the
safety hasard — the crank-up tower, Already inner and outer sections. A drop of only a
one prominent amateur has died as a result few inches can do it. And we're especially
of an accident with a crank-up — an unneces- susceptible to this sort of thing in hurried,
sary one, sad to relate—ana elsewhere there last-minute adjustments before or during
has been a spate of broken arms, crushed some big event like the D X contest
frngers and toes, and many near-misses. We're not suggesting disposal of your towers
The crank-up is a great idea. It's ever-so- — they have many advantages. But we are
much easier, and (properly used) safer, to advocating that you realize they have certain
assemble that 4-element yagi, or 3-element quirks which can be lethal. So find out how
quad, when you work only 15 or 20 feet off the extended sections lock securely to avoid
the ground. And although you can certainly inadvertent collapse. Satisfy yourself that at
suffer some lumps in a fall from that height, your QTH (weather conditions are rather
the consequences are far less serious than a different in Phoenix and St. Paul) the tower
tumble from SO or 75 feet. Moreover, if you will work equally well both winter and
insist on doing your antenna work in the dead summer* find out who else in the area already
of winter, as seems to happen to us con- has a crank-up, and make a personal inspec-
sistently (the D X contest, /know), the wind tion. The same general principles, we should
blows much less bitterly at 20 feet than at 100. add, apply to "tilt-over" jobs.
But for this convenience we must pay a Above all, treat that tower with respect.
price — and that price is utmost vigilance If a section breaks loose and starts coming
and care* The crank-up tower is a mechanical down, you simply do not have time to get
device. Mechanical devices — no matter how out of the way. Take no chances. You're no
good their design and construction — can go good to anyone if you're dead, and only a
awry. little carelessness can oause it. m«m
 League Lines ...

We thought we'd seen most every possible example of ham enthusiasm — until a
5BWAS aspirant wrote to ask If the Tanuary 1 starting date was local time or GMT1
{Answer: GMT/ naturally, since local would give us easterners an unfair advantage
over W6s.)
That new publication for youth, the Membership & Publications Committee has de-
cided, should be not so much a training and study manual as a promotional piece
to create newcomer interest. League p.r. people are now hard at work preparing
an appropriate brochure to describe the many intriguing facets of ham radio.

A question has popped up several times recently, how are Life Membership dues
spent? They're not spent, but Invested — largely in mutual funds, under the di-
rection of the Finance Committee. The aim is to have Income cover the equivalent
annual dues costs and, as the economy grows (or inflation sets in), that Investments
will grow correspondingly and finance future Increased costs.

We've acquired an IBM copy-composing system, hopefully looking toward the day
when most of the editorial material will be prepared and proofed right in Newlngton
rather than at the printer. The system is hardly new, but became practical for QST
only after we switched to the offset production process. Or hadn't you noticed?

Such economy steps are still not going to prevent an adjustment in advertising
rates to meet rising costs; starting in April, Ham-Ads will be 15 cents a word,
instead of 10, for individual, non-commercial insertions.

Several members have become concerned over a statement in "Electronics Illustrated"

that amateur radio won't have any representation at the next international allocations
conference, and slyly implying we've never even had a voice in the pastl Forget it.
This stuff is written by a ham who knows better, but who also knows that facts don't
sell as many magazines as his scare fiction.

More good news for DXers. On the heels of an extension to French-U.S. recipro-
city privileges comes news of a similar expansion of the U.K. -U.S. arrangement.
U.K. will now grant authorization to U.S. amateurs in the Bahamas, Bermuda,
British Honduras, the British Virgin Islands, and about eighteen other British pos-
sessions and territories. Further details in QST next month, and in the meantime
from Hq. if you're on the verge of going somewhere in the British empire.

Hq. maintains a register of hamfest dates for up to two years in advance. Drop us
a line about your hamfest dates — if possible before you make commitments — and
we'll tell you whether anyone else has nailed down the date in your area. Last year
the system kept two pairs of hamfests from cutting into each other's crowds, and
only a fraction of the events have registered dates with us.

Concerning the League's new 27 1/2-minute color film on amateur radio, if you are
able to convince your local television station to run it, first get in touch with the
division director (see page 8). The number of prints is limited, so priority is given
TV exposure; certainly this is more Important than showings at the ham club. How-
ever, a commercial film library is distributing additional prints to high schools,
civic clubs, e t c . , and serves as backup in case the director's print is booked long
ahead.

10 QST for
 Although the proper kind of etruipment im essential,
sightless amateur than supplying Just the electrical
quipment Modification for the Blind
Tuning Accessories and Operating
BY A. E. SCHWANEKE,* W0GH3. Ex-W0TPK
the pafct few years I have received
U R I N G
D numerous requests for information uu
modifying equipment to be lined by sight-
less amateur operators* The following article
represents, more-oMess, conversational answers
to the many questions that have been raised.
Its purpose is to help the sighted amateur who
is trying to help the sightless amateur. It is
organized about the way I have discussed the
problem with parents or other amateurs who
were working with the blind. So far, the results
have been very successful.
The main problem facing the sightless amateur
is tuning the transmitter. In many cases he is
limited by depending on someone else, usually
a relative or companion who knows little about
radio, to set up the transmitter periodically for
operation in a limited segment of one of uur
amateur bands. This situation ueed not exist*
The blind amateur, with proper help, can operate
on all allowed amateur bands and frequencies
without difficulty.
The problems peculiar to the sightless amateur
operator can be resolved into two areas; (1} the
physico-psyehologic&i and (2) the technical.
The Physico-Psychological Situation
The physico-psychological part of the problem
involves placing the sightless operator in the
electronic equipment environment and overcom-
ing all the possible limitations. The equipment
situation must fit the capabilities of each indi-
vidual operator. Some general discussion will
show what can be involved. Certain questions
should be answered*
The first que&tiuu is, "Has the subject been
sightless from birth, for many years, ur is the
condition recent?" I have found that those who
had sight at one time usually have a better feel
for spatial relationships. How will this atfect
their ability to tune the rig? Take, for example,
the Galaxy V. It has a symmetrical arrangement
of eight knobs, practically all identical in shape.
For the one who has seen before this is not too
big a problem. For the one who has never had
sight, it is bent to remove practically all the
knobs (store them for future replacement when
* Route 1, Box »> Rolla, Misuari 6540L
February 1970
therm'm mar* to helping a
necessities
Procedure
the rig is traded) and replace them with many
differently-shaped knobs, especially bar-shaped
and pointer-type knobs. Then, knob shape im-
mediately identifies function for the operator.
Another question, " Does the sightless operator
recognise the clockwise-counterclockwise knob-
turning problem?" This question sounds odd,
but it has meaning, Some sightless operators
consider the bottom end of a bar knob the
pointer end (and there are lever knobs in use,
too). Turning "left" or "right11 means what to
the operator? "Turn up the gain control" —
What is "up**? or "down"? These points should
always be completely covered. How does a sight-
less person know what is clockwise motion or
counterclockwise motion? Does the loading in-
crease turning left or right, clockwise or counter-
clockwise?
Another question few will think of is, "Is the
blind operator male or female?" In tuning the
transmitter, sight (locating the position of a
pointer on a voltmeter or milliammeter) will
be replaced by sound (pitch will determine the
value of tlie voltage or current in question). I
have found that YLs prefer low pitches (60-200
Hz) while OMs can work better with slightly
higher pitches (200-500 Hz), Select the pitch
ranges to suit the operator's preference.
Another difficulty is the matter of plugs and
jacks OIL various components: coaxial cables,
microphones, keys, power cords, and the like.
The bent approach is to keep all plugs and jacks
to a minimum — or best, eliminate them entirely.
Use small boxes for junctions, and perform
every transfer function with switches. Switch
all antennas, keys, microphones, power To see
how difficult these simple operations can bey
enter your ahaek at night with your eyes closed.
Cau you plug in the power, change bands,
change antennas, remove the microphone, plug
in the keyer without fumbling? Try it. You'll
be surprised — and besides, you have had the
advantage of previous visual memory of where
everything is located. The hlind do not have
this starting point. Most rigs require the key to
be uuplugged to operate phone or to tune. The
jack may even be on the rear side of the trans-
mitter case. Supply a email box to plug in the
11
key permanently, and a switch to restore rHnsuit
Continuity ao the plug dues not h«,v* to be
remuved. With Home riga the micruphone ii^ed
for V< )X operation nuust be unplugged for
tuning. Instead of unplugging, put a switch on
the mike baae that will short the mike coble
I K J U C H vnll not after! tuning procedures.
The operating position roust allow ronin for
necewsary functions — Braille tablet ur type-
writer, microphone, key, clock, and HO uu —yet
the rewiver-tranMmitt.Hr rrmibinatiun must lx>
grouped conveniently for reaching nil nfiwvwy
1-tmt.rols. 'i^he table should be uncluttered. Small
or Lightweight ubjecta rcuwt he either out of
reach ur tied down. This prevents the object*
from being accidentally knocked oft unto the
floor where it will be pmntirally itnpondible to
locate them. Also, 110 dangling wires should be
present to trap or trip the operator.
The above are a few of the poiuts to observe.
Spend a little time with the sightless operator,
atid then a little time reflecting v\x possible
problems. Put yourself in the operating position
with your eyw shut and we how things feel.
The best story I know to convey the meaning
of s i g h t l i n e s s w that about the reader for a
nighties college student. The reader is a sighted
person who is employed to read the textbijoks
to blind atudenta on the catupu». The reader and
the blind student had been walking together
late in the evening ami arrived (tack at the
dormitory after dark. As they chatted together
they entered the darkened room. The sightless
one walked casually into the room, put his
hooks nn the table, walked across the room, and
sat down in a chair, all the while chatting with
his companion, The one with aight was fumbling
aiui stumbling around trying to locate the light
*witch. Only then did the sighted one realize
what the world wad like to the one without flight.
Th* Technical Situation
The .second part of the problem of freeing the
sightless from hi* dependency on others for
tuning the transmitter w technical. The ba&ic
device to accomplish the tarring operation is
known by the name "auditory gimmick," Early
models used vacuum tube*, but the advent of
tiie transistor has simplified the device. I ' m not
sin** who originated the gimmick, bub a lot of
credit should go to Hob Ouudeiuon, W2JI0,
for hi* work in developing and publicising it for
the blind amateur. Them* are several articles on
the gimmick scattered back through the yean
in amateur magazines.
The ''gimmick" U basically a voltage-sensitive
tone gHu'rator. \ typical circuit is shown ta
Fig. 1. It ^uHist^ of a relaxation audio oscillator
counecfod to a vultage amplifier that will vary
the pitch of the oscillator, Thi* combination, with
the addition of regulated voltages and proper
bwitchiug, can t»e used to tune a transmitter
more accurately than it can be done with a panel
meter. The system can tx> adapted to any cam-

H50VUW1

:::

ALT OQUBUCTION
FM C4

£*CtPT AS INOtCAm,UaMALVALue> or
CAMtltANCt Aftt lH MICROFARADS i Jif I 5
01 HERS ARC IN PKOFAftAOtltF OP j»pPi;
K$*TANC£S ARE. IN OHMS \ 1 0 0 0 ,
Rg. 1 — Graft diagram of the Auditory Gimmick (voltage-sensitive ton* generator). Aft the circuit is sensN
tlve to rf fields a metal COM rs required. Ground terminal connects to case and through cable shield to
transmitter ground, but common chassis connections shown In the circuit cannot be connected to case except
when negative input lead is at ground potential; check transmitter metering circuit.
BTi—9-volt transistor battery, Q 2 — A n y npn audio type.
Ci—Ceramic* Rt, Ra—Composition control linear taper, screwdriver
Cs—Electrolytic adjust, with lock nut.
C* p Ca—Paper or ceramic (see text). Si*—Dpdt slide switch.
Cs—Paper or ceramic (not required if negative Input lead 5a—Spst slide switch.
is at ground potential). Ti—Universal output transformer (push-pull plates to voice
LSi—Miniature pm speaker, 2 to 4 inch dia. coil] or transistor output transformer, 500 ohms
Q i — A n y pnp audio type. center-tapped to voice coll.

12 QST for
Interior of the TIM adapter.
All components are mounted
on the flaiged part of the
box. The pitch and standard-
Izhg controls, fti and Jb, are
on the rear wall, to fhe left
in this vfew, as is abo the
octal plug for connections to
the TR-4* Circuit arrange-
ment Is not critical, but Meld-
ing the whole unit Is essentlaL
merrial or homebuilt rig that usea a panel meter
for tuning.
A range of values is given for C»r and Ct,
depending upon the characteristics of 7 ], Qit and
the pitch preferences of the intended operator.
If T\ id a push-puU-plates-to-voice-Goil vacuum-
tube output transformer, the lower values for
<?a (.005) and C* (.000) Will produce a beginning
pitch (points G~D on Si shorted together)
around 200 H*. If T\ is a transistor output
transformer (500 ohms, center-tapped, to voice
coil) try the higher values for Gz (.01) and CA
(.05). Because each combination of Bpeaker, Tu
Qu C% and Ci results in a different pitch, each
hookup should allow for adjusting Gis and C4 for
be&t results. The exact pitch obtained with points
C-D shorted together is not critical so long as it
is low enough. Fifty to 100 millivolts dc applied
to the input (points C-D) will result in a pitch
increase of an octave or two, S% allows for some
final adjustment to keep the pitch in a usable
range.
In designing and building a complete home-
brew rig for a sightless operator it might be best
to incorporate the auditory tuning system
directly into the rig design, Some years ago I
built a complete asb/ew/a-m transmitter for
K0ONK that worked out very well. It used a
HeathMt 3B-10 converted to a 9-MHz ssb
generator along with added power supplies and
final amplifiers. The completed rig was designed
to be tuned on all hf amateur bands (including
some MARS frequencies) by a built-in auditory
gimmick with appropriate switching and safe-
guards. The speaker for the gimmick was
mounted directly on the front paneL For the
benefit of those with sight who might tune the
rig the original meter supplied with the 3B-10 kit
was also mounted ou the panel. It was switched
out of the circuit most of the time.
With all the commercial transceivers available
today I would not advise the above approach.
February 1970
The addition of an auditory "gimmick" to
any commercial rig is relatively simple, and the
modifications should not affect the trade-in value
of the equipment. Although the following infor-
mation is given for only two commercial trans-
ceivers, the Drake TIM, and Galaxy V, the
circuits and techniques used may be applied to
aJiy on the market* Because the two examples
represent different problems it is advisable to
study both if the job is to be performed on a
different set.
Thm Drake TJB-4
One important requirement for any conversion
is that, all wiring and circuitry associated with
the gimmick must be completely shielded to
prevent rf voltages from upsetting the gimmick
operation. The gimmick is very sensitive to any
extraneous voltages. In addition, overloading the
final amplifier tube* with too much current
should be prevented
The Drake TR-4 conversion is relatively simple
because the set has a good cw capability already
built in. The circuit is shown in Fig. S5. By using
an octal plug and socket combination the gim-
mick may be removed for easier transportation
or for connection to another set. The parts
designations in the TIM section of Fig. 2
are those of the original TBr4 schematic except
for the cable-mounting socket, Ji. The dotted
Jines represent connections in the TR»4 that are
unsoldered and connected to separate leads.
Note that all leads are shielded except the ground
connection. The shields are all grounded together
at J\9 pin 8y and are not grounded inside the
transceiver. The wire uacd to make the connec-
tions to the transceiver should he shielded
single-conductor with an outside insulating
jacket. Thin coaxial cable such as RU-174/U
is suitable, and is preferred over mike cable.
The easiest procedure for making the connec-
tions inside the transceiver is first to strip about
13
 TO FINAL - J***1 m TO OUTPUT {It Kf)
CATMOOt RCCTWCR ID 9)

TO CVO
+2)0 V

TR-4 * MT m SOW? MODELS

BOX

STD
noo

xcoNNsertoii
fOR 04

EXOLPT AS INRCATC^KCHIALVAIJJUQF
•LWACrTMrt ARE IN MICftOFAflASa | Jir I :
OTHEH9 AftE IN PICOFARADS I pF CM $VfYt
HtSlSfANCES AftE IN OHMS; h" (000,

Fig. 2—Auditory Gimmick adaptor for the Drake TR-4. Fixed resistors are 'A-watt composition. Components not Sited
below are the tame at similarly-numbered components in Fig* 1. Dashed lines in T I M section represent
original conned torts removed,
S», &<—Spdt slide switch.
Jt—Female receptacle, octal, cable mounting. Pi—Male odal plug, chassis-mounting.

inch of outside jacket and shield f r o m una
end uf a IJ-foot piece of shielded cable; next,
remove enough inner hwulatiou to fixpose .about
inch of the w r i t e r conductor: and fchftn. pons
the stripped end t h m u g h hnlea in the chaasis near
where t>he e n n n w i i o n * Are to be made, After a l l
the shielded leads have J.iwn connected t o the
proper p o i n t s Rather them together a n d lace
w i t h string or tapu t o form a cahle starting inside
the ksut a n d leading o u t tin- reiir of t.he cabinet.
Dresn a l l lead* away f r o m a n y component* that,
may get hot, such as tubes and power resistor*.
Unce cabled, cut all lead* t o the same length,
remove about 1 inch of jacket, and nnhroid and
t w i s t the shield to make a ground connection.
After the Bucket ig willed i t may be desirable to
make u p a d u m m y p l u g t h a t will restore the
dotted-Jine connections juat in case *>meone
wished t o use the rig w i t h o u t flie gimmick box
a t t a c h e d Otherwise, the transmitter section w i l l
not work properly.
T h e box containing the gimmick, usually a
4 X 5 X 6-inch a l u m i n u m M i n i box, also ha*
some switrjhea for extra functions. Si is the w i t c h
t h a t transfers th« gimmick i n p u t f r o m the meter
t h a t reads final o n r r r n t (or r«f, o u t p u t ) t o a
standard voltage. T h e rfand&rd voltagej taken
f r o m the regulated 150-voIt Hue in the trans-
ceiver, **tabli*hes the p i t c h corresponding to the
correct- meter reading for proper loadiug of the
final power amplifier. T h e operator w i l l even-
tually tune the final amplifier so t h a t fch« p i t c h
id the aarne for either position of T h e Htaiv-
dardize-adjust resistor, / i j f is a .screwdriver-
adjustment potentiometer, a n d U mounted o n
the back of the gimmick box. A potentiometer
w i t h a locking n u t w good insurance t h a t once
aet, the control w i l l n o t be accidentally changed.
Si hi mounted o n the t o p r i g h t near the f r o n t
of the gimmick box where i t can he conveniently
reafthed w i t h the index finger wtiile the rent of
the operator a hand cradles tJie r i g h t f r o n t corner
of the box. I n operation, if the " r e a d " p i t c h is
Lower than the "standardize 1 ' p i t c h , the loading
w increased u n t i l the t w o pitchen match. T h e
" r e a d " p i t c h muat never exceed the " s t a n d a r d -

14 QST for
ize" pitch, to prevent damage to the final tubes
b y Mcefiwive plate current,
S* is mounted on the tup center near the front,
of the gimmick box. I t s purpose is to switch the
regular panel meter out of tlie circuit and to
replace the meter with a reswrtor equivalent to
the internal meter resistance. E a r l y model* of
the T R - 4 used a d'Araonval meter, a n d the over-
w i n g of the needle, if the meter was left in the
circuit, would cauise the pitch to waiver or vary.
I n later models of the T K - 4 fcfie panel meters
are iron-vane types arid do not react on the pitch
of the gimmick. However, 1 usually include S i
and the iwistor for insurance, and the possibility
of the box being uaed for a transmitter with a
different meter.
One problem with the T R - 4 ia the possibility
of damaging the final amplifier tubes b y excessive
plate current during tuue»up. For the sightless,
this can occur easily while -searching for the
proper knob, or b y accidentally turning the
wrong knob. Safe tune-up is provided b y ife. I t
inserts extra resistance in the screen supply to
lower the wreen voltage «.»ri the final amplifiers,
and prevents overload under a n y wrMinratance*
of mist lining, tia is mounted U> th« Ipft of 84 and
i t save* the cu^t of new finals m a n y times
over.
S i turns the gimmick on and off and is easily
mounted on the front of the gimmick box j u s t
below jS)- T h e bpeaker for the gimmick, a 3 - or
3 - i n c h diameter unit/ U mounted iiehind the
center front of the box with appropriate holea
backed up b y a sheet of screen wire tn let the
sound out. T h e acrccn wire is needed MU the eight-
ies* operator does not damage the speaker with
hia fingertips.
Experiment* with various type* of switrhes
for these applications have shown that the small,
inexpensive *Ude-type switches. are the beat.
T h e y art? very rugged, and the wiping actum
keeps them operating much longer than ordinary
toggle awitrhett. T l i a y are also free from acciden-
t a l switching that often occurs with rotary
switches and their protruding knota, or toggle
ttwitdien. A l l switches are attached with screws,
mite, a n d shake-proof washeiw so they will not
work loose. A l l parts that may be touched b y
the operator should be tightly attached- It is
surprising how switch?* and control knobs can
work loose in time arid upset the operations for a
blind operator.
T h e entire gimmick circuitry, up to the en^-
necttons to H u J* mounted on a small ftheet uf
perforated plastic board which is tfecurod inside
the top of the gimmick I K > X on short threaded
bushing*. T I w H-volt l o t t e r y is mounted oti the
bottom cover of the box with leads long enough to
allow the cover to be removed for servicing
The adapter for Hie TR-4 is In a 4 X 5 X 6-Inch box. The
on-off switchr S2, is beside the miniature speaker on the
front. Die three switches An Ihe top, (eft toright;ore Sa
{tune-operate}, S* (meterfapftut)cuid S\ (standardize»read).
February 1970
without disconnecting the battery. Lacking a
battejy-mounting clip the small transistor bat-
tery m a y be m i t r e d in place with plastic elec-
trical tape. T h e current drain w of the order of
2 to 10 m A , depending on pitch, a n d the battery
.should last, a year a t least.
After the gimmick is installed uii the frana-
ceiver> tunc the rig into a d u m m y load (f faith kit
Cautcuna, or equivalent) and adjust for proper
loading with IS¥b in the "operate" position (the
3y,000-ohrn vwbtor switrhed out of the circuit).
Once loaded properly on the meter, switch t*
remuve the meter and then alternately switch S i
back and forth while adjusting the *taudard»-
voltage potentiometer, ti\. When the pitch is the
same for both positions of S\ the gimmick is
ready for wsie.
Tuning Procedure
A training session for the sightless operator
should be arranged so That all procedure* can he
reviewed several times. I t might be advisable to
have the operator Braille srrwl 1 notations to be
cut out of the Hraiiie paper and ported next to
each switch position* Therte notations will
eventually wear out, but b y that time the sight-
less operator will be v^ry familiar with tlie switch
{orations. He sure the tabfe and chair arrange-
ment will be near to what the operator will to
using in hi* own flharic* Also, stress the impois
tance of the overload protection supplied b y —
that, alt adjustment* nhmdd first lie made with
Sa in the tiuie position before switching to tfie
1 operate position. A logical btep-by-step procedure
should tie I'titlined to the operator and, for safety,
a Bmilled check-sheet of the tuning procedure
ahould be prepared.
A typical step-by-#tep tuning procedure for the
T R - 4 would read as f o l l o w :
1} Adjust receiver to operate normally on the
hand a n d frequency of interest. 1'Be sure pmper
antenna or d u m m y load id in use.)
2) Reduce receiver gain to minimum. (The cw
tjidetone will interfere with hearing the gimmick-)
:i) T u r n x\m IAAIN (RF drive) control f\illy
rount<*rr>lockwiBe (mtmtmnu).
13
 SDETONE 08a

J pi
DISCONNECT'
GALAXY V
A PJNS
I
j vtf
/ T w

* I

tut* T- &
EXCEPT Aft IN0ICA7 CD, DECIMAL

IU / w (s) WTW
VALUF9 OT CAPACITANCE MC
|M HICmFAMOS^ri^OTHtM
ARC IN PKOFAPADSlpf OR JI>P
100 nmrANCEs arc in ohms;
<*tf ,77 A 4000,

PTT > T

Fig, 3—Adapter for Galaxy V Transceiver, This cfarcuit Includes a sidetone generator for monitoring cw transmissions.
Fixed resistors are -watt compassion; fixed capacitors not otherwise specified are ceramic, except where polarity is
indicated (electrolytic). Components not listed below are the same as similarly-numbered components in Fig.
CRi-~Siltcon, 400 P1V, low current rating satisfactory. S*—Spdt slide switch.
Q * — A n y pnp audio type. Sa^Spst slide switch.
R*—.Composition control, linear taper, screwdriver adjust* $7, Sk— Dpdt slide switch.
R4—Composition control, linear taper. T*—Same as Tif Fig. 1.

4) Turn wjad control fully counterclockwise
(minimum load),
5) Turn sideband switch clockwise to " X "
(position for tuning according to instruction
hook),
6) Put B* In "tune" ponitinn (safety position
to prevent tinal overload).
7) Put S4 in "meter-out" position (panel
meter out of circuit),
H) Turn on gimmick (Si).
9) Put Si in "re-ad" position (thin will be
indicated by a relatively low pitch. The "stan-
dardize" position will produce a much higher
pitch).
10) Turn function switch to " X - C W / f Kelays
will rlick, indicating transmitter turned on.
gimmick goen beyond standard pitch. This
should not occur if St fotep fi) is in correct
position.)
12) Tune pi/AIE control (upper W t , next to
panel meter) to lowest pitch possible. Note that
pitch rises each way from arte position of the
knob. (Tuning for "'dip M of the final.)
13) Turn x m t r h a w to full counterclockwise.
Gimmick pitch will drop bark to original low
pitch.
14) put Sz in "operate" portion. Now be mire
to get coronet knobs in fnllowiiig steps tecause
safety for final is uff.
15) Ohw-k for ''standardize'1 pitch with and
return to read." (Ilememher how it sounds.)
4<

11) While turning the x m t r oain clockwise 16) Start, turning xmth u a i n clockwise. Pitch
slowly with left hand, tune hp yvmi control for will t>egiu to rwe.
maximum increase in pitch from gimmick. (Do 17) At Home point the pitch will no longer rise
not turn x u t h g a i n so high that the pitch of the for further clockwise turning of i u t r gain.

16 QST for
 18) With £1 check "standardize" pitch to
See if "read" pitch is still low.
19) If "read" pitch U below "standardize"
pitch turn LOAD control clockwise to bring "read"
pitch up to match "standardize" pitch, If pitch
goes too high reverse direction of turning LOAD
knob.
20) When 'Standardize" and "read" are
about aiike check carefully the position of PLATB
tuning and turn slightly both ways to try to get
a lower pitch. (Retuning plate to "flip.")
21) With PLATTF tuned for lowest pitch pos-
sible, LOAD knob adjusted so that "standardize"
and "read" pitchm are identical, and increasing
XMTR GAIN (further clockwise) gives no further
rise in pitch, the rig is tuned.
22) Turn function switch to SAB or open key
switch for ow. Rig is ready to operate.
Thm Galaxy V 100-KHs points.
The original Galaxy V transceiver did not
have a complete cw capability, so this should be
added along with the tuning gimmick, if needed.
Originallyt operation un cw required that the
mode switch be turned through two detent por-
tions to go from transmit to listen. Also, no side
tone for cw was supplied in the transmitter.
The arrangement described here usea a foot
Bwitch for rapid transfer from receive to transmit.
A side-tone generator is supplied in the same box
with the gimmick.
To obtain foot-switch transfer for efficient cw
operation it is necessary to make a small change
in the wiring of one connection on the function
switch. This switch is designated 3sM on the
Galaxy V schematic diagram. It is the front
wafer (closest to the panel) of the function switch.
The schematic shows that the switch points n#ed
for the TUNE and cw positions are tied together.
The connection consists of a short piece of solid
wire looped from one switch lug to the other.
Locate the contact and lug for the cw position
and remove that end of the solid wire from the
contacting lug. This work can be performed
without removing the panel if the power switch-
af-rf-gain assembly is detached from the front
panel and moved out of the way. This small
wiring change makes it possible to use a foot
switch connected to the PTT accessory jack on
the rear of the transceiver to give convenient cw
tranamit-receive capabilities.
Incidentally, the foot switch was built as a
wooden box about 18 inches long and t$ wide.
A lid for the box was hinged on the long side,
and has a small spring and uiicroswitch ap-
propriately mounted underneath. An extra strip
of wood across the front of the hox provides a
footrest so that the operator can activate the
switch by pivoting his foot. This switch is easy
to find under the operating table, and is heavy
enough not to tip or move about.
In one modification the front panel was
removed because the tuning dial was to he
replaced. Since the rig was to be used by a blind
operator the upper/lower sideband indicator lights
February 1970
were also disconnected and removed. It is neces-
sary to take out these lights to remove the panel
so they were left out when the panel was replaced.
The dial light was removed, the meter light dis-
connected, and the filament line rebalanced with
a resistor to divide the 12 volts into two equal
6-volt section& The plastic dial and dial window
were removed. A new metal dial having small
Braille-type bumps (three at band edges, two
for each 100 KHz, and one for each 50 KHz) was
made from the side of an empty antifreeze can.
The front face of the metal dial was enameled to
provide a smooth satin surface. A small wedge*
shaped piece of sheet metal with rounded corners
and enameled surface was installed in place of
the plastic dial window. The wedge projected out
over the dial to furnish a reference point to aligu
the Braille-type markings of the dial for tuning.
Later, Brailled numbers were glued to the face
of the metal-disk dial to number the various
The side-tone generator was included in the
same box with the tuning gimmick. The side-tone
generator is a standard phase^shift circuit, and
with the component values shown in Fig. 3 will
produce a signal of about 850 Hz. This frequency
happens to he very close to the off-set of the
carrier crystal that the Galaxy V uses for cw
operation. This means that, using cw with the
sideband switch in the SB2 position according
to the instruction book, if a station is tuned in to
produce the same pitch as the side tone generator,
the transmitted cw signal will be almost zero-beat
with the other station. This is the reason why the
phase-siiift oscillator instead of the gimmick
oscillator was used for the side tone* The gimmick
oscillator generates, at best, a distorted saw-tooth
wave while the phase-flhift oscillator output
approaches a ririe wave — the type of wave
produced in the receiver by a good cw signal*
The wiring inside the Galaxy V is similar to
that inside the Tft-4 except that the small slide
switch to replace the meter movement with a
resistor (£* in Fig. in Fig. 3) was mounted on
a small aluminum angle-bracket attached to the
shield panel inside the rig next to the panel meter.
An extra hole was punched in the back panel of
the set to pass the bundled cable out the rear.
The numbers on the schematic diagram represent
the octal cable^socket connections.
The age delay on the Galaxy is fine for ssb
phone, but is often a little slow for cw break-in.
St allows a faster age recovery to be switched
in or out. The connections for the age delay inside
the Galaxy are near the outer edge of the small
printed-circuit transistor board next to the final-
amplifier sockets.
yince the key jack inside the gimmick box is
a closed circuit type (and the keyer used will
usually have a shorting switch) the circuit*
closing contact of the regular key jack is dis-
connected. The 9-volt power for the gimmick or
the side-tone generator is switched by both 8r
and Fig. 3. 87 energizes the gimmick, and
5s selects either the gimmick or the side-tone
generator.
17

Th» "MOIIM" frequency ipottar i» in a X 2/i X
bid) Minibox. Th. "tail" or antenna can b. i m behind
Hw
The Galaxy V (as does the Collins 33-8) has
a reduced screen-voltage tuning position already
built in, do this k uot supplied here. Operating
procedures for the Galaxy V gimmick are about
like those for the TR-4.
The "Mourn
Exact dial calibration for the sightless is a little
hard to accomplish. Aligning marks by touch
requires micrometer precision in dial mechanisms.
A gadFPt that has proved very useful for locating
specific frequencies has been dubbed appropriate-
ly by other operators as the "mouse" because It
has a "tail." It consists of an untuned one-
transistor crystal oscillator built in a amall metal
box. The circuit is shown in Fig. The antenna
for the oscillator is a 12-to-18-inch length of
insulated hook-up wire, and represents the so-
called "taiL" The entire oscillator is built on an
octal socket and two alternate holes are used as
the crystal socket for BT-343 crystal units. The
unused socket lugs are used as tie-points while
the transistor is located in the center hole. By
mounting the octal socket below two matching
Tfrinch diameter holes in the top of the box the
pins of the standard FT-SH3 crystal holder are
"funnelled" into the socket. It is advisable to
use a molded socket having wrap-around con-
tacts, as opposed to the wafer type, or the molded
types having forked contacts. The mouse will be
used extensively with many different crystals,
and the wafer sockets will break, while the forked
contacts lose their sliape easily and cease to make
contact to the crystal pins. The conductor at the
free end of the "tail" antenna is cut off so that
it is recessed about # to % inch inside t he insula-
tion. This way the end of the tail may be inserted
into the interior of the transceiver case through
18
a hole in the perforated cover without danger of
shock. This procedure is used when the bands
are crowded with strong signals, and a stronger
than usual marker signal is needed.
The circuit shown will oscillate with FT-243
crystals from about 3 MHs to 30 MHz. For
lower-frequency crystals the 330- and 15-pF
capacitors should be increased in sise by % factor
of 2 or so. This may prevent 25- to 30-MHs
crystals from oscillating, however. So far, I have
found the circuit shown to be adequate. The
battery will last for several years because the
drain is around 1 mA. A high-frequency npu tran-
sistor may be substituted by reversing the batteiy
polarity. Crystals for any specific frequency of
interest can be purchased at very reasonable
prices from the Ham-Ads section of QOT. Each
crystal should have its frequency Brailled on a
piece of Braille paper atid glued to the top or
side of the crystal. A drawer or box to hold the
spare crystals should be arranged for orderly
filing of the crystals for the operator. The mouse
is not a frequency meter, but is very useful for
locating a specific frequency to within a few
herts.
Final Comment*
Ignoring the danger of being redundant, a few
points should be emphasised. First, put yourself
into the sightless amateur's chair, with your
eyes closed, stud feel the results. Second, make
sure all circuits a re covered, all cases grounded,
all small items secured in place. No plugs or jacks
should require insertion or removal regularly.
All antenna* should be coax-fed and switched
The MVVR of each antenna should be checked
H
v W . . . . . .
ip - i p • - < — - i •• • _ • -n •• • _ -- " I* . .
•• I " • • • ,1 •• • — - I • I •< •• — • 4 * tin.
.ip• • — tlW-.Tia i A i —• A— • <4 •• • < •• • • Tl|
i - I
Most of the penis used tn the "Mow®" art mounted on
unused contacts on the octal socket Into which the aystal Is
plugged. A molded socket with wrap-around pin contacts
should be used in order to stand up under frequent crystal
changes. The "tail" goes through a rubber grommet at the
rear (top, m this view).
QST for

Pig. Crrcutt of the "Mouse* frequency spotter. Capaci-
tors may be either ceramic or mica, fixed reditors are
ft-watt compowtiorL
Q i — 2 N 1 1 7 7 or equivalent high-frequency type. Reverse
battery polarity far npn types.
Si—Spit slide switch.
for the entire band. Multiple dipoles work very
well to cover 3*5- to 4,0-MHx cw and phone.
Each of the higheofreqneucy bands nan he
covered with a single antenna. A. tri-band beam
ig suggested for the 10-, IS-, and 20-meter bands.
It is also advisable to supply a dummy antenna
(Gantenna, or equivalent) on one switch position
so that the tuning of the rig can be checked off
the air. High-power linear* attached to the usual
transceiver can be more of a problem than an aid.
If the sightless operator is very dexterous and
knowledgeable about amateur radio this subject
might be approached-
The circuit* shown can be easily adapted to
fit any other transmitter or transceiver system.
There is no reason for a sightless amateur being
limited to one f>and, or one Fegment erf a band,
because he cannot tune the transmitter himself.
Working with the sightless can be very reward-
ing, personally, but it also requires a lot of
patience and attention to detail. Be prepared
to track down weird effects due to stray rf
leakage, dirty switch contacts, or accidental knob
bumping. iQfffr—|
February 1970
February 1943
. , , It's going to be well over a year before w* get hack on
the air, but ft&un, the Editor cannot refrain from speculat-
ing on things to come. AU the wonderful post-war possi-
bilities mob an fm» pulse transralsBioD, etc. He seos the
five- and two^md^-half-meter bands being heavily popu-
lated with cw. Not a word on single sideband, although the
mode hae been in commercial ase since the early twenties.
(I used to listen to sab from the ATT station down in New
Jersey in 1926, using an autodyne detector. This was before
inverted speech techniques came into use. This latter was
tough to tune tiL>
. i . As call letters are boooming scare, particularly in the
ninth district, Warner proposes that another district* (0)
be set up to relieve the congestion. After that he seen no
reasnn why KCO can't tail* calls like WA.tfA.AA, up through
WZUZZZ. AUin accord with the Cairo convention, of course.
. » » Quite an article about pulse-type transmissions by
W. \V, Hansen, This is quite an intriguing thought, but of
course it never jelled, at least with the amateurs.
. . . The need for WilRS apparently is dying out in certain
areas, but the group in Philadelphia is going strong and
has teamed up with the Red Gross, which will always hare
a need for disaster communication facilities, to produce a
mobile disaster head Quarters, WERS equipped and manned*
Power via a 2kw gas engine generator. — W1ANA
5 0 Ythis
e amonth
rsAgo 9
}i
February 1920
. . . Let's look at the Editorials first. For a period of a
couple of weeks in December last no signals from hams
were to be beard over about 100 miles. Ship itstions, etc.
came jn as usual. 200 meters or BO was out. It looked like
the end of the world for ham radio. When this situation
inured, many started spent ilating as to the eauss of the
" black-out." We didn't know much about the ionosphere
f.heut The tiditor makes out a good case for the low note
from rotary gaps, rather than the high note, and dnouseea
the matter I noted the same thing at sea in 1U13-MH4.
Tatent matters forced the Marconi Company to pull half
the atudft from their synch, gap sets, particularly on cargo
ships. The lower note was dccidedly better,
, , * Now here is one of the most important articles ever
published in Q8T. Major K. H. Armntrong describe* in the
leading piece his war-bora superheterodyne nttrivrr, It was
a privilege to handle the controls of the very Hist superbet,
in Armstrong's Paris laboratory* This paper, first presented
to the Radio Club of America, is a classic and worth reading
today.
• , . "Hound's Round Ground" is described by H. E,
Rawsotu Round was Chief Engineer for the British Marconi
Co. One version of it that I remember here in Hartford
had twelve iron water boilers buried in the back yard
on about a fifty-foot radius, right under the antenna.
— WtANA
<5ft»Stravs 1ft
1970 ARRL DX COMPETITION
Just a reminder that time is running short for
thoKe of you who plan to enter the 36th Annual
DX Test. Dates are as follows:
Phone; Feb. 7-8, Mar. 7-8.1970.
CW; Feb. 21-22, Mar. 21-22, 1970.
(see Dec. QST p. 62 for details)
19
 ^Gimmicks Gadgets

A Simple Crystal Tester-Calibrator

BY MICHAEL S . BOBBINS,* K6QAH

ATE you been intrigued by those overflowing

H tables of bargain crystals in the surplus

stores? Here is an inexpensive gadget for
testing the crystals in the store before you buy
them, and for using the crystals in the shop or
ham shack.
As shown in Fig. the circuit of the tester-
calibrator consists of an F E T oscillator, an
incandescent lamp indicator, and a battery power
supply. The indicator lamp is connected so that
all of the transistor current flows through the
lamp. With no crystal, or with a bad crystal, the
circuit does not oscillate, and about 15 mA of
current is drawn through the lamp, causing the
lamp to light. When a good crystal is plugged tn,
the circuit oscillates, and bias is developed be-
tween the gate of the FET and ground. This
causes the current to drop to less than 10 mA, and
the lamp dims or extinguishes*
Two nine-volt transistor radio batteries are
connected in series to provide IS volts for the
oscillator and the indicator lamp. The condition
of the batteries can be checked by pressing the
button when no crystal is plugged in.
So that the device can be used as a crystal
calibrator, an antenna Jack is provided to couple
the output of the unit to a receiver or other
device. Strong harmonics are provided to.over
100 MHz.
The tester-calibrator works with 100-kHz to Inside view of the testercaEbrator. SFCi and St are at the-
10-MHz crystals/ including the FT-241-A and top, the octal socket and Qi are In Hi* center, and BTt
* Kits Industries, Inc., 729 Oerue Ave., Lot Angeles, and S7s are at the bottom. Battery holders keep Hi
California WJ021. and BTs in plac^
*The frequency ranft* of this device is actually much
greater. Ia the ARRL lab several crystals in ths 100-kHi
to 45*MHi range were tried in the unit. Every good crystal
caused the indicator Uunp to dim or go out, Note that in
this circuit overtone crystals oscillate on their fundamental FT-243 types* A Channel 360 FT-341-A surplus
frequency. — Jfctifor, crystal will oscillate at 600 kHz and give markers
every 500 kill (1 Mils, 1.5 MHz, 2 MHz, etc.)
for calibration.
Comfroction
The tester-calibrator is built in a 4 X ^H X
2J£-inch interlocking chassis (LMB 107). An

Top view of the fetter^caDbrator* The small lamp h the

rubber grommet In the center of the octal socket Is wed
to indicate the condition of the crystaL The pushbutton at
the left is used to complete the circuit of the oscHiator,
and the banana jack is used to make external connexion
to the osdUator output

QST for

CftCEPT AS INDICATED, OCCIHAL r h
VALUES V CAMCirAW* ARC p . goTTCtt
m MicnofAHAM(jjfi;oTHeM msceH view
o W £
ARE. IN PICOFARADS (pF Oft ^JiF); DRAW ^ To prevent confusion, the remaining pin holes
RCMtTAHCES ARC IN OHMS;
k >1000 ,H* J QO0 PDO ,
Fig. 1—Schematic diagram of the testei^calibrator. The
capacitors are disk ceramic, and the resistor is V4-watt
composition.
BTi, BTs—9-volt battery (Evereody 216).
Ij—10-volt, 14-mA mintalure lamp with wire terminals
(GE 1869).
Ji—Insulated banana jade.
Qi—N-chamel junction FET (MPF-102, 2N5484, 2N5485
or 2N5486K
RFCi—7.5 mH rf choice U W. Miller 660 or equivalent).
Si—Normally open spst pushbutton switch (Swltchcraft
961).
Yj— lOCMcHz to 10-MHr crystal (see footnote].
• 71QW dppaAajtlJUL
Waters "Band Adder"
addition to the Waters Manufacturing
A RECENT
line of mobile antennas is their "Baud Adder.
With the unit shown in the photograph, it is possible
11
to add 20,15 and 10 meters to an existing 80- or 40-
meter Waters mobile installation. All that is re-
quired is to install the Band Adder Mow the 80- or
40-meter coil and to readjust the whip above the
coil for a match on 80 or 40. With either coil the
antenna system is automatically matched for 50
ohms on 20, 15 and 1U meters.
The Band Adder consists of a 22-inch arm for
20 meters, 13-inch arms for 15 and 10 meters, and a
metal mounting block. On each arm is wound a
loading coil for the band in question. The arms,
which are threaded into the block, can be used
February 1970
octal socket is used as a socket for the crystal,
and it provides tie points for connecting the
components. All leads should be kept short and
care should be taken not to damage the transistor
with excessive heat from soldering. The indicator
lamp should be handled carefully, as its leads
are fragile. The lamp is mounted in a small vinyl
grommet in the center of the octal socket. Fins
1 and 3 of the octal socket are used for the crystal
can be filled with epoxy or KTV silicone sealant
Operation
To test a crystal of unknown quality, first press
the switch button while the crystal is out of the
socket. If the batteries are good, the lamp will
light. Next, hold down the button and plug in the
crystal. If the crystal is okay, the lamp will dim
or extinguish. If it is defective, the lamp will
remain bright.
To calibrate a receiver or other device, connect
a test lead (as an antenna) to J%. Plug a crystal
into the socket and press the button. Tune (he
receiver until the signal is heard. lOST—I
singly or in a group without affecting the operation
or match of the mobile antenna U B e d with the Band
Adder. On one end the block has a %-24 screw
thread for screwing the block into a coil base, and
on the other end the block has a H-24 socket thread
for screwing a bottom mast section into the block.
Although the Band Adder was designed to be
used with Waters mobile antennas, it can be used
with center-loaded 80- aud 40-meter mobile antennas
of other manufacturers, provided these antennas
use H-24 threads. Of course, thread adapters
can be used if the existing threads donft mate with
those of the Band Adder. In any case, the Band
Adder must be installed below the 80- or 40-meter
coil, and the top whip above the coil must be ad-
justed for a match on 80 or 40.
The Band Adder is manufactured by Waters
Manufacturing, Inc.. Wayland, Mass. (J1778, and
it is in the 120 price class. — WtlCP
ta* S t m v s ^
Australis-Oftcar 5 reception reporting forms are
available without charge from the Radio Amateur
Satellite Corporation. Send an addressed stamped
envelope to Amsat, Box 27, Washington, D. C,
20044. Listen to W1AW bulletins (see page 88)
further information about the satellite.
i l l wmm
Stolen Equipment
Stolen from my car in late November in the L.A.
area: TR3, serial No. 12151A, Shure 404C, and a
speaker. Ed Kane, W3CFU/WB6MBJ, Box 861,
Lakewood, Cal. 90714.
The Post Office Department promises faster mail
service with the Zip codes. TJse yours when you write
Headquarters. Use ouis, too. It's 00111.
21
 (
i
A Sturdy 80-Foot Mast
\
0•
fI
j BY LARRY WALROD,* VE7BRK
t
f
he 80-foot mast shown in the photographs
T was built by Byrd ("Herman") Brune-
ineir, W6PHM/DU1, for use in the Philip-
pines. It has proved to be a strong and inexpen-
sive support for his triband quad antenna. It
oonsmta of four 20-foot lengths of 2-inch (inside
diameter) galvanized iron pipe. A 2-foot length
of 1^-inch (1.9-inch outeide diameter) pipe is
inserted half way into the top end of each section,
where it is welded in place. At each junction, the
bottom end of the upper mast section slides oyer
the 1-foot stub protruding from the top of the
section below it* The stub in the topmost section
serves as a mounting for the rotator. To keep the
sections from twisting at the junctions under
the torque stress of the rotator, it was necessary
to use a securing bolt only at the junction of the
third and fourth mast sections. The weight of the
upper sections and the guy-wire compression
prevent turning at the lower joints.
* Naaoli M&laybalfty Hukidnon, Philippine fnUnda
j Th* mamt dmacribmd hmrm ham wiih&tood windm of typhoon rmloeUy wHhout damagm.
+ Zxtdadrnd in thm article is a d/icnsifon of a m+ihod of accurate antenna matching*
22
Steps made uf ?f$-inch iron rod, shaped as
shown in the detail photograph, are welded to
the sections at intervals of about 24 inches. Near
the top of the last section, double steps (one on
each side of the mast at the same level) are
provided to make it easier to stand while working
on the antenna. After all welding had been com*
pleted, the mast sections were given a coat of red
primer, topped off with a euftt of aluminum paint.
Quying1
Four sets of guys are used, spaced at 90-degrce
intervals about the mast. There are four guy
wires in each set, one fastened to the mast at
each junction, and one a few feet from the top
of the mast. Galvanized iron wire not less than
No, 8 in sise should be used. In this particular
case, the guys were broken up into sections, as
shown in Fig. 1, using X 2|£-inch porcelain
strain insulators. These insulators should be
fastened as shown in Fig. 4. Only new wire
should be employed, and care should be taken to
make sure that no kinks or sharp bends develop
as the wire is unrolled and stretched out. Details
of the guy anchors used are shown in Fig. 2.
Bamm Mounting
A base mounting that was found adequate Is
shown in Fig. 6. A hole a little larger than I % by
2 feet was dug to a depth of about feet. The
pieces of 2 X 2 lumber were laid parallel in the
bottom of the hole, spaced out to cover about
2 feet. The pipe assembly was then held in a
vertical position while the hole was refilled. (The
local soil is gummy clay. In some other types of
soil, a mure extensive footing might be desirable.)
About 6 inches of the vertical pipes should pro-
trude from the ground. The base of the mast,
which is drilled with holes to match, fits in bs~
tween the two projecting stubs. The bolt serves
as a pivot to aid in raising the two bottom sec-
tions of the mast*
Q52* for
Pig. 1—Guy plan for the 80-foot pipe mcnt. Four simitar
sots of guys are used, spaced at 90 degrees around the
mast* AD three upper guys are brought to a
anchor 60 feet from the mait base. A separate
at 30 foot from the base. Is used for Ihe bottom guy in

Kg. 2-~Detalb of Hie guy andiars. A 616-foot length of %-hch galvanized pipe h flattened at one end. The flattened
end Is wrapped around a 6-Inch piece of the same-slxe pipe, and welded fast. The pipe passes through a hole at
the center of a piece of 4-inch timber 4 feet long, and 1 foot wide. Holes for attaching the guys ere drilled In the free
end of the pipe. The Kmber is burled about 4 feet In the soil, wBh the pipe at an angle of about 45 degree**

February 1970 23
 BALUNS
COPPEfl BRAW RHB-U COA*
tOM ,
Hi

ISM COPPER BRAB>>

— n r

2QM cqppe* spais

TO
mcucATcn
LAMPS

Rg^ 3—Diagram of the feedflne swHdring and matching arrangement. Relay sequence is as follow* 10 meters—neither
relay energized; 15 meters—Ki energized, Ks unenergized; 20 meters—both relays energized.

Kl, Ks—d.p-d.t, relay l * — 4 turns similar to Li.

Lj — 1 turn No. 14, 1-tach diameter. Ci r Ca, Cd—Air variable capacitor, 0.025-inch
»2 turns similar la li» plate spacing (Hammarlund MC series).

^ •"•wn i > m

Fig. 4—Guy strain-insulator fastening. The free end of

the No. 8 guy wire should be wrapped tightly at least 10
limes around the standing part.

"K- -
f
-MAST WTT
/ SUPS BCTWEIN
-H.ii i
N
>1
usqQ'- —

i
jr-*U- roc f MA.
•0T
J
WLDEft/ imp
/
i ^ ^ ^
7

.1

Fig. 5—Base anchor for the mast. Two-fort horizontal

With Hie quad boom at 84 feet, North America can be
worked almost at will from 1700 to 2400 Manila time on
14 M i t e , and such places as JA, VU, 4S7 and 9V1 are
In your back yard.
lengths of 2-mch pipe are welded across a vertical pair of
the same diameter, and 3 feet long. This assembly rests
on several of 18-hch pieces of 2 X 2-indi lumber buried
about 2Vz feet in the ground. The 2 X 2,s are spaced out
to occupy 2 feet of space. Holes are drilled about 2
inches down from the tops of the vertical pipes to take a
$4-mch hinge bolt. The bottom of the mast is similarly
driDed.

24 QST for

Putting Up the Mamt
Erecting the mast requires some climbing
experience, If you haven't had any, it would be
advisable to enlist the services of someone who is
familiar with the safety precautions, And who
has no qualms about hanging from a safety belt
80 feet from terra firm*. The first two sections
can be assembled and hinged up, using the guy
wires as an aid. After these two sections have
been trued up vertical with a bubble level and
guyed securely, the remaining sections are added,
one at a time, using a gin pole.
The gin pole is a iJO-foot length of l^j-ixush
pipe. The top eud of the pipe is fitted with a
rugged pulley and Jis-hch rope halyard. Twit)
hooks are welded to the gin pole, one about
3 feet from each end.. The climber then hauls
the pole up behind him, using the top hook to
hang the pole over a step while he takes the next
step up the mast. When the climber has reached
the top, the bottom houk is used to rest the gin
pole on a step, as he gradually works the pole
upward until the top nf the gin pole is about 15
feet above the top of the mast thus far com-
pleted. Then the gin is lashed securely U> the
mast. As an alternative, a pulley could be tem-
porarily fastened to the top of the last complete*I
mast sectionf and the gin pole hauled up by
this means.
The guys should be fastened to each mast sec-
tion before it leaves the ground The gin pole
halyard should be seized around the mast section
at a point somewhat above the center of gravity,
so that the section will remain essentially-
vertical as it is hauled up. If the halyard is
sufficiently long, the section can be hauled up
from the ground, while the climber guides it into
place when the proper level has been reached.
After the guys of this section liave been anchored
February 1970
dmbfrig stops ere welded to the mast of Intervals of
two feet.
Typical guy andiorage. The fence Is to ward off wander-
ing water buffalo that Dke to use the guys as a back
watcher.
securely, the last section can be added In a
similar manner.
The quad antenna was hauled up piece by
piece, and assembled at the top of the mast. The
8-foot aluminum boom was mounted in such a
manner that it could be slid back and forth to
bring tiie ends close in to the mast where the
spreaders could he mounted and wired con-
veniently.
Feeding the Quad
The triband quad is fed with a single coax line,
but the line is switched from one driven element
to another by a system of remotely-controlled
relays, as shown in Fig. 3. Home owners of quad
antennas seem to have difficulty in matching
the antenna to the line. W6FIIM believes that
the simplest method is through the use of the
L network. A separate network is used for each
baud, a J id the driven element* are each fed
through a coaxial balun. The haluns are made liy
stretching copper braid over the lengths of
RG-59/U indicated in Fig. 3. Since the input
impedance of the baluns is something less than
50 ohms, the X* networks were configured to
provide a step down from the GO-ohm line
impedance. The networks are very easily ad-
justed* You simply rock the capacitor, and adjust
the inductance, until you see which way you
have to move with your values to obtain a null
on your s.w.r. meter. Ordinarily, it takes only
a few minutes to bring the s,w.r. down essen-
tially to unity. The components of the networks
are contained in a small weatherproof box
fastened to the boom.
The uiast has stood up well in typhoon winds
up to 100 miles per hour, which stripped the
fiber-glass spreader arms bare of wire! The total
cost at local prices was about 75 dollars. HST^-j
25
• Bsqinnsix and, TLovxol
How to Wind Your Own Power
Transformer
BY LEWIS G. McCOY.* W1ICP
a b anyone who likee to build gear and experi-
f \ ment knows, the cost of radio parts has
gone higher and higher with inflation. And,
one of the highest-priced items is a power trans-
former. There is one way to beat the high cost of
power transformers and all it takes is a little work
and some know-how. Flow? By salvaging old
TV transformers and by rewinding them to nuit
your own application. Probably dome readers
would throw up their hands at the idea uf re-
winding a power transformer but actually the
process is quite simple.
Old TV sets can be had practically for the
asking from TV dealers and TV servicemen The
average TV power transformer, for a 17-inch
set or larger, is capable of from 350 to 450 watts
output, continuous duty. Amateur service is not
continuous duty, so the ratings can easily be
upped by a factor of 40 to 60 percent without
danger of overloading the transformer.
Thm A m r Transformer
Before getting into rewinding details. Let's
take a look at a typical power transformer and
how it is made. The transformer consists of an
iron core made up of strips called laminations.
The laminations are approximately 0,020 inch
thick and are in the shape of the letter J3 or I,
as shown in Fig. I. The laminations are stacked
in alternating layers to make up the total core.
They are insulated from each other (shellac is
often used) to reduce losses and to prevent vi-
bration and hum.
The windings are layers of enamel-insulated
wirer each layer bang insulated from the next
by a layer of paper The amount of current that
each winding will carry is primarily determined
by the size of the wire. The total voltage depends
on the number of turns in each winding, Fig. 2
is a circuit diagram of a typical TV power trans-
former. TV transformers usually have several
filament winding? plus a high-voltage and a
primary winding.
How Much Power WHl it tiandlm?
Of course, if you are going to go to the trouble
of rewinding a transformer you will want to be
sure it has adequate power capabilities for your
needs. Fortunately, it is quite easy to get a close
approximation of how much power a transformer
will handle without having a spec sheet mi it.
All you need to know about an unknown trans-
* Novice Editor
26
former is the cros*~sectional area of the core.
Not the entire core but just that section of core
that is inside the windings. Fig. 3 is an illustrar
tion of this area.
You don't have to take the transformer apart
to determine this area. Nearly all TV trans-
formers have the same width and length, the
only difference being in the ntack height. The
standard lamination size is inches wide by
inches long. For a core of this sise the tongue
of the K lamination is usually l}?£ inches wide.
Knowing the width of the inner core, all we need
do then is measure the height of the stack, muli-
ply the two figures together to get the cross-
sectional area, and then apply that figure to the
graph in Fig. 4. For example, suppose the stack
was 2 inches high. This multiplied by 1 ^ would
equal a crossnBectional area of 3 inches. Looking
at the graph, we see that a transformer with a
crossHsectional area uf 3 inches would have a
power capability of 300 watts. As mentioned
earlier, these figures are for continuous duty, so
we could easily up our figure by 50 percent for
amateur service, to 450 watts.
When you scrounge old TV sets there are a
couple of things to watch for as far as the power
transformer is concerned. Some transformer
manufacturers coat the transformer windings
with tar, and while the tar can be broken off, it is
much easier to rewind a unit that doesn't have
the tar coating. Second, always look for trans-
formers with the highest stack of laminations.
These will be the ones that will handle the most
power.
How to Takm thm Transformer Apart
If the transformer is still wired into the TV
chassis don't clip the leads before first labeling
them. The primary or input winding leads will
usually be black and will be connected to the ac
input terminal on the chassis, usually through
a combination control and switch. As will be
In thmTO days of riming costs • f t r y o a a
likmm to sarm a buck whmnmvmr poi-
siblm. OnB of thm moat •xpffoizv*
itmms for thm homo constructor im thm
p o f9 i r irajisformmr* Hmrm arm dmtails
on 'rolling your own" and mffmeting'
a firjr conmidmrahlm saving*
QST for
 \
H,I l \ This shows the rewound ^
ready for the inrtaUation of
th» lamination*. Note that the
leads for the various windings
are brought out at the top of
the

noted from Fig. 2, then? are usually three filament tops, use tho knife edge to break away the shellac
winding* nti T V transformer*, one for ^ volts hetween i he first and sc-Miud lamination. Vou'U
and two for 6.3 volts. The revolt winding will be have to take this tirat lamination slowly, working
connected to pins 2 ami 8 of the rectifier socket the shellac loose all around the ndgtj* and the E
fthn tube w iwually a ?>Ui\ One of the rt,ii-volt tongue.. Next, take a small piece or hlonk of wood
windings will hi? connected nut the majority and, putting the edge of the wood against the edge
of the tubus in the xttf. Find ihi* winding will be of the lamination, drive the lamination mit of the
mndp of the heaviest wire. The other tt.IJ-volt, core. The first, rnuple of laminations take a little
winding will be for a single tube that is usually time but mice you have three or four removed
mounted inside the T V high-voltage Coinpay- the whole job iimves along pretty quickly. Inci-
ment on top the- net. The remaining one IH the dentally, t.hp laminations can be removed in
high voltage winding. If the transformer has ill- groups uf 2 or 3. depending on haw the core id
ready been removed, you should get- the windings put together; they don't have to be taken out one
checked out with an a.c, voltmeter, because it is at a tinui. T r y not lo bend the laminations when
Ofwwnrv hi know for dure which is the o-volt removing them from the core. Also, if you tuck
winding and which are the rt.JWolt one*. In any of them with the knife blade, tile the mckfl
checking with a voltmeter, and without a luad smooth.
on tho transformer, the filament winding are The next *l.np is to remove the windings,
likely to read dightly higher than 5 iuid fi.3 Starling on the outside, carefully cut away the
volts. The lower one is of O H U W the -Vvolt one-. paper covering the first winding. Once the wind-
The reason that it is important to know which is ing is exposed, count the number of
which ih becnuw it i» necessary to count the turn* on that particular winding Ui find out
number of turns on a known winding to determine
the number of turn* per vol I that will bo needed
for the w w winding.
Once the leads ure identified and tagged, re-
move the bell housing, if there is mn\ and the
four nuts and holts. Don't worry about the
transformer falling apart when the bolts arc
mnoved: it wou't. Next, examine the windings
and layers to determine which is which, Usually,
the primary winding will be next the cure
followed by the high-voltage winding and then
the filament windings. The outside winding U
nearly always t.he heaviest tUt-vult winding.
The nest ^tep is 1*> remove the laminations.
The laminations usually alternate in layers of
2 or 8. In other words looking at one side uf the FIRST LAYER SECOND LAYER
transformer, you may haw thrflw li laminations
and then D I lamination*. Take an old knife
blade and st-t it against the edge of flic first,
lamination and with a small hammer and light

Fig. I— This shows how the core It assembled. The E

laminations are alternated, facing oppositely. As men-
tioned in the text, two more laminations facing in the same
direction may be grouped together. In taking the lamina-
tions apart, the grouped ones can be left
grouped if desired.

February 1970
 (JurrmL
I-VOLT RECT. WINDING Turn* Camring
120 VOLTS
litre (wrinrh (•iipariftf in Feti
PRIMARY
6J-VULT LOW CURRENT Size Knamri A in/-ww* /HT pftUH'i
6,3-VOlt H(GH CURRENT »2 12 n.«
14 l."» ri.«7 so
Rjj. 2—-Grcuit of a typical TV transformer,
](> lS,9 a-tiw 128
IS '-13.(5 «I
20 'J0.4
how m a n y t u r n s |rtsr volt, a r c required. Y o u ' l l
SJH
p r o b a b l y find that i t 2 twins per v o l t , o r m a y b e
24 4 .it I i S17
tfiigkUy m o m ,
J6
R e m o v e the other filament w i n d i n g s , c o u n t i n g "ii w
2S .aas
t h e t u r n s for a d o u b l e c h e c k o n the t u r n s per
3(» .144 32S7
v o l L T h e n e x t w i n d i n g w i l l be t h e h i g h v o l t a g e :
a n d t h i s is u s u a l l y w o u n d of fine wire, p r o b a b l y N o t e : T h e t u r n s - p e r - i n c h figures m a y v a r y
N r o, !i6 to tfo. O n c e the firsl layer is exposed s l i g h t l y , d e p e n d i n g on t h e e n a m e l t h i c k -
y o u s h o u l d be able U* [neata i h e end a n d then ness. H o w e v e r , i h e figure gives a reawm-
s t a r t u n w i n d i n g t h e wire unto a *pm>l or board, ably-clo*e a p p r o x i m a t i o n of t h e b i n d i n g
Assuming t h a t y o u m i g h t want to w v e the w i r e space required.
for f u t u r e project*; otherwise, y o u r a n cut off the T h e ^ u r r e n N c H m n n g c a p a c i t y tigures
h i g h - v o l t a g e w i n d i n g s w i t h a knife. O n c e y o u r u n be jfu'rwyr^d ?ts m u c h a* 4«j p e r c e n t
h a v e r e m o v e d t h e h i g h - v o l t a g e w i n d i n g don*t without danger ut o v e r h e a t i n g I h e wire.
r e m o v e the p a p e r covering t h e last, or p r i m a r y
w i n d i n g because i t w i l l be on top of t h i s p a p u r that
y o u ' l l s t a r t a d d i n g the new w i n d i n g or w i n d -
ings, I n c i d e n t a l l y , the p r i m a r y w i n d i n g uii most T a b l e I s h o w s the t u r n s per i n c h a n d currents
T V transformers is w o u n d w i t h N o . i H e n a m e l . c a r r y i n g c a p a c i t y of the <*ommonly used e n a i n -
v l e d - w i r e niaes. U s i n g t h e requirement* for t h e
The New Windings transformer mentioned a b o v e a i a n evatnple,
T h e next step is to figure o u t h u w m a n y v o l t * let's a r e what is needed i n the w a y of wire sift-*,
a n d how muuh c u r r e n t y o u a r e going to need for Kirst, we n«ed to know t h e a m o u n t of r o n m we
y o u r s u p p l y . I n the u n i t s h o w n here, we w a n t e d a h a v e b e t w w i i the p r i m a r y a n d the edge the
low-voltage, high-current, regulated s u p p l y for core. K n o w i n g thi*, we can d e t e r m i n e how m a n y
p o w e r i n g translator i(ear, T h e w requirement* l a y e r s nf a g i v e n wire p l u s i n s u l a t i o n we ean p u t
c a l l e d for a transformer w i t h one w i n d i n g t h a t mii over the p r i m a r y . I n thi* T V transformer
w o u l d p u t out 2 4 v o l t s m a x i m u m at It) to J 2 ( p r o b a b l y i t will also bt? t r u e in y o u m t h e *pace
amperes, p l u s a sectjud w i n d i n g nf 24 v n l t * at. was j u s t s l i g h t l y over ^ i n c h . Second, need
a b o u t UNO m A . for t h e regulator swrtion. i I n c i - tit k n o w how m u c h w i n d i n g space we h a v e for
d e n t a l l y , w e c o u l d n ' t tind a transformer i n a n y ertrh layer. Thp. w i d t h i n thi* ease is ii inches
of t h e dealers c a t a l o g t h a t w o u l d g i v e these acros* the p r i m a r y . W i t h thi* i n f o r m u t i o n we
voltages. T h e closest t h i n g to i t coat a b o u t $ 3 0 ! ) nan then go to the wire table,
H t w a n w we need 10 a m p s or ho, the m i n i m u m
riize wire would b e N o . 12, T h i * winds 12
bmin&twK t u r n * to the i n c h iclnscHtpaccdJ a n d w i l l c a r r y
^ iStack a t least 1 1 , 8 a m p s , A s y o u can see i n the note in
" / t h e table, y o u c a n a c t u a l l y d r a w a& m u c h aa 4 u
present, more c u r r e n t t h a n the s t a t e d figure*
without o v e r h e a t i n g the wire, No. 1 2 w o u l d be
adequate. A t two turn* per v o l t , 4 s t u r n s would
be required to g i v e us the desired 2 4 v o l t s . W i t h
1 2 turns per i n c h a n d a 2 - i n c h w i n d i n g space t h i s
would figure o u t to l-wu layers of 2 4 t u r n s e a c h .
H o w e v e r , i t is difficult to w i n d w i r e sw h e a v y hs
N o . 1 2 a m i b r i n g i t f i g h t nut fa t h e edge of t h e
w i n d i n g a r e a because the o u t r i d e t u r n s t e n d to
" p o p 1 1 oft t h e e n d of t h e w i n d i n g f o r m . F o r this
CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA = reason, we c a n three l a y e r s of l b t u r n s to
WIDTH X HEIGHT (J/tfxH) OF CORE
p r o v i d e the required 4 3 turn*. T h i s , p i u a t h e
Fig. 3—Har* rc a croM-tectionai drawing of a typical i n s u l a t i o n , cumes o u t to s l i g h t l y m o r e than
power tronjformer. Multiplying the height timet the width i n c h thickness, T h e other w i n d i n g c a n b e m a d e
of the central care area give* you the value of H o , 2 6 , a n d a .sim$lo-laycr w i n d i n g w o u l d d o
to apply to fig, 4. the j o b .

28 QST for
 In cases where yuu have to *quetv/iC n lot of
layers on, And wind the turns out 10 the edge of
the winding npace, a good method of ?*>curiug
the outside edge* of the winding is shown in Fin.
A, A piece of rfeotch tape is secured under the
edge** of the wire, »t it-Icy side up, and then drawn
back over thu outside turn hold the outside
edges *ecure,
You'll need to know how many frei of wire
will be required to cuinplvlif the winding, This
information iwi hf obtained by measuring the
distance around The winding form and ihen multi-
plying that Jiguru by the number of turns re-
quired, uMowing about If) pcrceul more for
"slop" and error* in winding, Tnble 1 give* the
feet per pound for earh wire «i/-e vi you can
use this as a guide in buying the required amount
of wire.
In the actual winding process, wts wured one
end of the *virt* in a viso, and Ihen started wind-
lug ut the free end, making Him there wen1 no
kinks in the wire, Starting :it one edge, vwnd uii
the T.urns slmvly, keeping the wirr* taut and I lie
turns as eUvse together ns possible — ami most-
important, keeping track of the number "f turns
you put on. It is always* :t good idea when winding
a coil to innke m i i v no one U amuud to interrupt
j'ou and make yuu lose Nvir-le of your rowut,
(In fact, dUnnmerL your telephone during the
procew!) After the first layer is put on, secure
the ends with tfrotch tape, K-wli layer should be
insulated from the next, and joti uan useupdinnry
househoid waxed paper for the purple, a single
layer of paper being tuli-qimte. We cut some
sheets to evizt; beforehand ami as wivk layer was
put on, the waxed paper was ^eeured over earh
layer with tap«. He sure to bring all leads out
the same wide- t>f t.hps i d i t st» the fovers will go
buck in placu when the unit i* wmplelnd. When
tlie last Layer and winding in put on, a couple
of sheets of waxed pu^r and Ihen mver that
with Scotch electrical tape, keeping the tape as
taut as po*>ihle, This will add mechanical
strength to the a*MMubly.
}y ^
s S'A
5 ?'/.
6
y s
§ z
/ reverse
/
ifti J
i>i
I i* /
j? 50 100 ISO 100 250 300 350 400 450 500 the transformer had been running for a while.
POWER RATING OF TRANSFORMER IK WATTS
Fig. To determine the approximate power-carrying
capabilities of an unknown transformer find the cross-
lecHonal area on the vertical axis and then g o a a o u
the graph to the curve. Drop from this Intersection point
straight down to the bottom of the graph
to find the power in watts.
February 1970
TAPE,STICKY
SIDE UP
Fig. 5—'Thh shows the method for securing the outside
edges of a winding to keep the outside turns from coming
loose. A^ter the last turn is wound on, the tape is brought
back across the winding to secure the wire*
Putting the Transformer Together
The Laminations and housing go bark together
in just tin1 opposite «r|iitmiir to that followed in
taking them apart- a light coaling of shellac
between ewh lamination. After we had about a
third of the lamination* in place we damped
l hem in a vise 10 take up t.iw rjack, thfii re-
moved the unit from the vise and added about
another third, then damped them together again,
and Hi on. Von may find that you cannot get
the last few laminations in, [f su, don't worry
about thern because it in better not to force the
unit together. If thoro should be any be-
tween the outride of the new windings and the
(xiiv, the space rati be blocked up with wooden
wodgfts. This will help eliminate vibration. Put
thr hell housing back on, and after tightening
the nuts down your transformer ready to go.
Although we have rewound several trans-
formers, wo haven't found one yet with the
primary winding on the outoitie rather than
around the inner cure. However, yuu can rewind
such a transformer by fitting the wiudiiup inside
the primary, although you'll probably save time
by taking off the primary and rewinding it. an
the first winding around the inner core.
Some Additional Dope
In designing your new transformer keep in
mind that you (*a?i inakfl several different, volfciges
available from a given winding by merely bring-
ing out a tap at the appropriate turn for a given
voltage. Also, while we didn't mention it above,
always wind your turns iu the same direction.
In other words, don't put on one layer and then
the direction of the winding.
What can be taken in power from a given
transformer has already been mentioned. Addi-
tionally, a good check is to feel the mre after
If it is loo hot to keep your hand on it, the tr&nfr*
former is at, or over its power Limits. However,
if it is runniug fairly cool to the touch, you can
no doubt draw a lot more power from iL 10BT* "I
MM • • •
Use your Zip code when writing A R R L . XJae
ours, too. It'a 06111.
29
 There Is No Such Thing As

A Long-Delayed Echo Al
BY O. G. VTLLARD, JR.,* W6QYT. C. R. OR AT/* OT8LFBS,
AND L M. LOMASNEY, WAfiNZL

n September 22, 1969 (GMT), WB6VKV Another curious feature of LDEs is that they
O was in CjSO with WA3KQA ou 20-meter
ew. At 0100 plus or minus cme minute, he
stood by. The frequency was QKM-less, and
are m phenomenally evanescent: WB6VKV
estimates that his next standby would have come
two or three minutes later; by that time all trace
WA3KQA was unaccountably *low in coming of the effect had disappeared.
back. When the receiver came alive, a aigrial The WtiflVKV incident was chosen for mention
could be heard in the background noise on because it happened fairly recently, because it
WBOVKV's frequency, about H2 but dearly has been investigated with some care, and
copiable. Although band conditions were nunnal because it is typical of a number of reports
for six o'clock un a California afternoon, and which have been received. LDEs are not just an
not much by way of L)X could be lieard, the anachronism from the 1930s; they stall happen,
signal sounded as if it had come a long way. It and they still need to be explained.
sent: "WA3KQA de WB6VKV K'\ and was an
ejsact repeat of WBdVKV's transmission* The LDE Hunt— Where We Stand
Sounds spooky? You bet. Tliia was WBCVKV's In their article in the May, 1999 issue1 the
initiation into a very exclusive club: those who authors told the story of LDEs and solicited
have heard long-delayed echoes, or LDiSs. The reports from initiates into the "club". The
authors know of only about 5U other members in response was impressive; there are now over 40
all, and they would very much like to add to the "good" reports (i.e., reports in which time, date,
list, because LDfis are just possibly nue of the
world's "longeetrdelayed" radio mysteries, hav-
ing first been discovered in 1927. It seems to be
time that somebody tried to figure out what
nature is trying to tell us in this way. (Of course,
as in all situations nature's message may
turn out to be trivially simple, but then it might
be important. No one can tell until the particular
Roeetta Stone gets deciphered.)
The "delays" are really impressive. For ex-
ample, WB6VKV limed himself with a watch,
as he simulated sending the above letters, and
got a delay of 11 seconds. It takes only one-
seventh of a second for a signal to travel all the
way around the earth. Where had that signal
been all that time, and why was only one echo
heard? If the effect Is not an illusion or a hoax,
bow in the world can nature "store" signals that
long? Consider how difficult it is to build any Fig. 1—WB6VKV, who heard the LDE on September 21,
purely electrical signal storage device capable of 1969 (California date). Charley's dedication to science
delays much in exceas of milliseconds. may be surmised from the fact that he allowed Us station
to be thoroughly checked over by the senior author, and
* Trustee, V7BVX; Radloscience Laboratory, Stanford
University, Stanford, California U4306. in addition submitted to a polygraph test at Stanford
**207 Zoraia Drive, Eton Antonio, Texas 7S21B. University. The test showed conclusively that Ms report
"+3601 Waverler SL, Palo Alto, California 04301. was not a fabrication.

A report on long-delayed echoes (LDE's), by way of a sequel to the author**

article in the May, 1969 issue* The 40~plus reports received thus far have per*
mitted encouraging progress in the search for an explanation, but the mystery
is far from solved; additional observations are clearly needed.

30 QST for
Long-Delayed Echo AR . . .

or, The LDE Mystery Deepens...

frequency, etc,, were logged), and it haa been which unusual echoes appear extend all the way
possible to begin some statUtinal studies, Follow- fmm 810 kHa up through 144 MHx, A purpose
ing are tlie authors' pre^nt views: of this article is to list what has been reported,
(a) It appear* that J JJEs rend to be reported at in tlie hope that it may stir latent memories
times when uiaguetic activity i* low. and/or stimulate future observations.
(b) According to psychologist*, there is a chance
that one- or iwo-tfecund "echoes*' may be a Are the Echoes Seal or Imagined?
trick of the imagination. But the longer one* The tinst step in trying to understand LDEb is
don't <«eem 1o be readily explainable as to ask whel her they could be a trick of the imagi-
^internally" generated. nation. The hearing of "voices" U a well-known
(c) There appear to be two clansea of unusual feature of .some psychological derangements —
echoes One in observable at AlIIz over we all have our disoriented moments; why don't
short distances, and involves one- or two- we hear occasionally our own voices or "fists"
peronvi delays. The ulher usually is charac- repeating themselves? The authors have eon-
terized by longer delays and seems to be suited four psychologists on this question, in-
Uf&ociated with long-distanre propagation. cluding two specialists in "cognition", or the
It ih observable at the higher frequencies, science of how the spoken or written word is
especially at times of baud opening and perceived,® They indicate that the possibility of
closing. psychological origin for the shorter delays — one
(d) On balance, the evidence suggest? that both or two seconds — should not be ruled out,
effect* am real and associated with the lint at the moment a physical — rather than a
ionosphere. psychological — explanation for the longer delays
seems to them more plausible. (On the other
The Spectrum of £££ects Reported hand, physicists seem to feel that short delays
[n scientific work, one tries to opcraTe,11 blind" will be much easier to explain than the longer
as much ?is possible, because of a well-known on©*!)
tendency of the human mind to find whatever it
is told to look for. For example, if observers* are
asked to walk through a grassy field arid report
the number of rabbita they flush, (here id a Ugh
probability thai Home rabbits will be reported.
However, the tield may not have contained any
rabbits at ail: those brown furry fellows diving
into their holes were actually woodchucks.
For this reason one hates to publish accounts
of long-delayed echoes, because it may attract
report* too closely matching the descriptions.
But, on the other hand, if an observer doesn't
know what to look for, he can scarcely be blamed
for not finding anything, either. At the moment,
in respect to LtJEs, we can't even specify that
the thing we are looking for has four legs and
fur; this "field" we are investigating— to push
the analogy further — might contain anything
from a katydid to a kangaroo.
The diversity of reported effects is impressive*
In longitude, the locations at which LDKs have PUT F O R W00VCt\UCKft
been heard range from Africa to the Marshall
Islands; in latitude, from Peru to Canada. The fffipOGT WHAT YOU
reported delays range from fractions of a second UWAT Y0it THIHK You WEtt
to over tive uunutes. The radio frequencies at & U ? 9 T O HAVE H B M P . "

February 1970 31
 Table I
Baivi 2Mf iMay, .Dura- Own/ InimrM
iVawifl Call Duu <MfT MS* •fen See (•wi, Ste Location AvJ&U What W*3 tfrtnl
Barton, A- J. KftOHK 5/21/60 «2300 91 vw 4-5 4-5 Ixrth Tripoli. Libya 4 min Complete contest call and signal exchange at 30 wpm.
Bate*. H, 8. WMFIU Mareh, 28 1-2 1-2 own Rome, New York few min Repeat of call letters " W8GWZ".
1034 OOMU
Book, K. H,. WSVDX 1050 Iato night 7 aw 10-15 10-15 own Newtown, Pa. at least Call letter* of called station plas "de WSVDX".
(lowO) Once
Birks, D.W. KUIUI 2/B/68 1753 7 «b 80 20 own Minneapolis, Minn, once only Alter 30-mond delay, hoard "W9IOG, WOIOG, Peoria.
Illinois, this U K9IUI portable 6 Minneapolis. Minn.1'
Book, A. WlDNT 5/30/68 1330 14 M!> 2 2 own Southwfck, Mane. once "Thank you w y very nnioh."
Burr, A. F. W5QNQ 10/8/08 2000 23 Mb 6 5 other L m Graces, N< M. onoe Delayed replica of a W2 transmission.
Butfer» J. A. KOCAZ 2/17/09 1446 14 wb 1-2 1-2 own Paoifloa, Cel. 6ndn Heard own words repeated.
approx
Carroll, H. E, W8DZD 7/26/66 0218 21 «b H W other Ann Ar|}or« Mich* atleut Words of WA8LUI repeated.
3 mfn
Clark, C. W7FFV fail 1938 dwk. .860 ft-m M-2 H-2 other Logan, Utah 20^30 seo Heard distinct words, not just syllables. Koali Denver.
{k»alj BeUevwd not to be a recording artifact.
Clark, V. WNtNZK 7/20/69 0447 3.5 OW 1 1 own Cullowhee, N. C. once Heard repeat of after standing by.
Clement, A. J, F. W6KJPC 12/18/68 2000 28 Mb 1 1 other Northridge, 0*1. 2m£n Short whole words, like "power", "name", etu. Station
was a WB,
B M L I A* W2EXX winter. r 21 sab 5 5 own Buffalo, N. Y. — Heard repeat of signoft (one sequence of oall letters);
1068-0 was wvak but clear.
FEW. H , L> C>A4C June or ttwilkl 21 ew S(D 3 own Lima, Peru 80 min After standby, repeat of last three tetter* of own oall,
July. 1952 (local) wavery.
Omf, C. WCLFM 1/27/68 1400- 10.002 Time H K other San Antonio, Texas 30 min De^r^of secondsfcjnk*on UJ3.&R. Station RID, rotative
1430 AfHi Tide*
QrudgMit, C. M. WAlFNJ 8/8/69 0013 AW H H other Granby, Conn. once Heard distinct echo of BTs on WlEO transmission.
Hull, W. R. W9UYT 6/2/69 2*45 14 tab 15-18 12-15 own MilforcL Del- 1 min il) Entire direotlonal CQ pbu signature. Repeated oall and
hearu echo a sooond time.
HoDook, D. B. K0AZJ 11/20/61 0A20 8.6 «w W-l own Marlon, Iowa 1 mb, Echo of own signal.
Hill, B. E. W3FEG 3/1/11 1612 14 ft-m 22 22 other Rehofcoth, Dei. onoe Weak repeat of a transmission of WSEBB in New
Orieatts, La.
Holllnsa, M. T. OA4ED March, Ute night 21 ew — • own Lima, Foru 10 min Heard one or two letters of own call rqwated.
19M {looal)
Horton. C. WNSJET UCTa T 7 ew — other New England — Heard part of transmission of W1BFQ repeated.
JemkiUr D. 3. WA80GH JUN, 0230 3.5 ft-m 1 1.3-1.6 own Tarxana, Cat. onoe only Heard words "off and clear, goodnight"*
1966 1,6
JOBM, D. L. WBWKU 3/7/00 0116 14 HH 10 10 own Deerfield,IlL lew min H«ard "his and my calls" after two different staadbya*
Kfcttaa, Q. HK5BQW 12/30/68 0400 14 Mb 800 210 other Cali, Colombia onoe only Repetition of several transmissions from VU2CT after
contact had been emnpfteted.
 Jlwi/f Jftnfr- Dday, Own/ Interval
Nam* Coll GJfT MH* sisn te Otter Location Audible WKut iftanf
King, J . D , W5LUU winter, 0300 1 ew 6 5 own Baton Bouse, I * . few man Heard own call letter* repeated twit*, after standby.
1060-51
Lielimann, J . Q. W50RH 1967 0320 144 2-2.fi own Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 20 man Repetition of own signals—believes delay 2 - 1 5 k m .
Lot**, A , W . WftEQ winter. oaoo- 7 ew — — — own Indiana Heard tailexui of own CQ—believed that someone was
0400 f i l i n g H" 1 !
LuiuUroai, R* A . W9FUR March, 0400 14 ow 2-3 2-3 own Sterling, III. 5 min Heard own signals after 2-3 sec delay; bettered another
1952 station was calling him. Repeated test several times.
MacKinnon, J . C . KX6CG 5/31/57 1600- 14 ew 3-4 3-4 own Entiretok, M. I . one half Heard repetition of own lignab; two other persons alto
1800 hour heard the echoes*
Uattes, M. F . WA2LOR 0/21/00 0046 14 a-m East Williston, N , Y . once only Heard about nineteen wards, part of die last transmission
ofaQflO-
Means, G. H . W6ADP 10/16/32 1800 28 IS 18 Hollywood, Cal. once only Heard " O N 4 A U de W 6 A D P " .
Miller, C . N . WBflVKY 9/22/60 0100 14 ew 11 11 own Alpine, Cal. once only Heard ' ' W A 3 K Q A de W B 6 V K V K " *
Mix, t>. WITS 6/24/00 0430 3,5 ew — — * other Falmouth, MassL several Echoes on New Britain, Can&euttaut station m severe
(W1CEG) min that had to Q R S to 5 wpm.
Vioawcue, J . E . KH6DVQ April, 0400 14 ow 12-15 12-15 own Honolulu, Hawaii lOmin Heard Q C Q dc K H 6 D Y G K ' \ Effect repeatahle.
IWl
tfyora, W. H . WOOL 1/21/60 1536- 14 cw 6-10 6-10 other San Jose. Cal. once only Heard echo on TJ-3.3.R- station <,UTQ).
1538
J. WASZNO 7/9/69 1633 7 ew 3-4 own Clinton, Ohio once only Heard 1 V V de WASZNO'-.
tfold, D . E> W9HFX 7/14/69 0413 14 Mb 20 16 own Fort Wayne, lnd. once only Heard " C Q calling OQ this is W 9 H F X - - . etc/'
Carefully tried to duplioatn, without suooens.
??oyes, G_» J r . WA1DYU early sum- «0000 50 ft-m. 3-10 3-10 own & West Brldgewater, Mass. 6 min Heard •oboe* on K I T Z C and aeU.
mer, 1966 other
Patterson, J . C . W5VY 12/2/67 1328 28 ab 4-5 4~5 own San Antonio, Texas only oncc Hoard " W 5 V Y , W 5 V Y , W 5 V Y "
Prewitt. B. J . wmrr 2/3/60 2215- .850 ft-m U-H HrH other Hayden, Colo. oneeonly Heard echo on K O A , Denver, local (uo-« non-network)
N 2218 broadcast.
Pulitzer, M. W5JYK 4/26/69 afternoon 14 may- cw 7 5 other New Orleans, La. once only Echo sent " G B OM S K : r > may have liad tome Dupptar
(fectfU be 21 shift. Station probably in th S.
Simpson, A . A . VE4AS 2/25/69 0I1S 14 1 1 other 3 t Boniface, Manitoba 10 min Y N l G L B had who repeating wards; by DF-ong source
foond to be to the north of both stations.
It. John, E d KGEV November, OttOO- 14 «b 3-4 3-4 own Los Angries, Cal. observed Heard "standing by for any D X call".
1966 0700 echo twice
Diompson, J , H . W1BIH 9/7/58 0345 14 CW 300 20(f) own Torrington. Conn. once only Heard complete repeat of hie call to D X station, five
minatetf after standby.
fon Djcttngen, D P WAtfKMD winter *=1G00 21 ft-zn 4-6 4-5 other W*nfield» Kansas 5 min Heard echoes on S W broadcast from East Coast statta*
1966 —N.Y.ar
Vellman, BL J , W8H8I 7/13/69 1341 14 ssb 1 1 other Wyoming, Ohio once only Heard repeat of standby transmission of W A 2 Y K U .
Tlggine. B . A . W60NY 12/1/61 0500 8.5 ssb WrH own ft Los Angeles* Cal. H hour Eoho heard by various stations i n L A area, but not
other outside. Tape recording mada.
 Observations on Long-Delay Radio Echoes
An Opportunity for Amateur Cooperation Rg. 2—Thft first U S . ama-
t w r ««ardi for IDE's! Th»
By X H» Deffinger* arfide by ffi« (at* J . H.
De1IEng«r appMrod in Q ST
l'ECXAl» mpiUa art; l^inR tnui^iittfti Cn^Ti lb«tcDnitUuliigMrpr(m*iio-n:crjnnf «>t, Ijfctwi- for August, 1 9 3 4 , and

S fy.v h'uniLjamatafit'n»fof M<r*tii*fyi>! Mifc- hh itt uti pufitfffie vwM (my* bneii mruIfccX in
r|p|iV prhmfi. Htp Mgiwl* uti^l the ilniJ* t)in niifaiwii, hut U lU
wot drown fo flit aufftorfi
. UO w thnm m limit Hr|-attention by Roy IGnaudo,
•LuiMitklnjt an- jula|rt«*l t» tln> fi*ntrtpaturii nl turn. It *i»rin* Italy tlutf ixiti>rmn.ti>i ni unique W6ZO, It Ei not known
|u>|itii* lift n\iir tlx* mulil fml«* l»[in' hi NM ' -Uti' \\\\l irWlU, i|lul on (Hourly r- whotfter any reports worm
'tilifiu'V Uhh-K tnp.M>tit, thi TFrhiiinii frmimuc bung pf:it»itfnn nf fforrnrioim |>(m'|iuij»'Iioi ih-vi'l"t>nl, rocoivad
—1. wJipii tHmitc lint n,rnv•vun-rt im t In- fri^l'it-hcw* Sn rosparso to
t<nug-UiHay ft|u«« nit* jl WW* juiiimtinj iunimid tliM.timra uf i|»y will awtnuli ut which thi*- this roquost. Die spadal
WMinppMiritdi'irnii. Mr, J, HiUuMnlUpmnflin rrhvim iituh (heir inrrmiitiM, tlie MI-II traramisrions alludod to
-Ww*y, oiw ifey if |£ttj\ tfi tf^i^mphir mjrruitvfifrh U B wlw iHln-iiHi, tili^lr I^WIHR- wtro in all likoIBiood far
fnmi DMiun 1TJJJ Ml liolliind nil a frnfltrrH'y nf liftrr htilrmn, filllHpntft, vlr,
too Infiroquont,
tlmufc H I Wu kc. i>mf» fii Ih^Hi^Ktlff uc^ fulicmf^l< rtiK *J'ti'iA;«irUANtQiUiM"Vt
rr nhmjtH . win iiu Ih, \\y a f mnt <ir r» f hthTftn |t*r-irfitf iov* i mvuniif t ing t lie Nfentifa nra
tiiffli Ijchu H| lCTU^» wnpritlK irtli-^'H'llth of u
M-rmid iilter rwi t'Hiittcii nl^nnl Iwl Wn Hwifimrluurl i.tbc l<caKUcflt MatuiiHHtnUnwV*,
lJiTcnliy. Kn^limilt ttiui ilJili,
tuvnt. Th*
known, bplnpdni'tft th^ rvifjtfirm nf that
hfiil travpltfil nil thft Hay nrnitriii the p^tfl], Hu LfcJli
t iui± tniiuunlttH mt UfrUI kr.f nilli *
tlie tWnri.O' Ty nf nrhdnt nffflrti irmtrnurfy greater fiiur-iiMTimtabtioa'rf fmucvtfncpcfaHsuntfiiwh
liit^rvj SutuJnt, Tiirwluy, and Thiimbiy, afsL"* fa
rvtiffhlUtiiR
Uup uzu^aliTm
ipcvoqui^tlon
nth of unfvtnv;vh
im l irampiiiatnly
cro nuch nn:4:fi3 ,-l.ik,, JAutcrn Stiutdutd Time IV HI
*t'lti> tMdld conic from* wpvml* Am trntiamHtrd on Uii7.ri kc., uuxlulatdl
Tho phrivimnnnii 2iaK {h^ii s^fM (nftfnr i-witlnunus witte*. Unfamthy »n<f
Wttml obaervdtlnnn |>y Dutrh, JirUluli, nml h rfclny, From ilrflli toHtiUrMu.. J&&T. kta'li hum-
ptiipnrrrii, I^Koc« have Iwcn Iml torniiitanan ^udstaof niivcMiitiniUMuljiwtinicpFH^
1 to ffcraid* i^rr tliE pmittfid wffnal. Nut ifiKI* ijpiig pliuuii((rti(j|i irnirtc, ami UliL urinR
fnouffh. i» kno^ ht.w^vrtr, to dctormlne wl^titn cull letters in cudo rvpiKitfilj follrnvM by tha
CRoses tba echn jutnalR.ui>r liuw they nr© propnr kttrm tif the fkltiluiliet in eude, itportd a minute

Arm thm Echomm
Unfortunately, the authors know of no way by
which this can be ruled out in any given case.
Extremely clever practical jokes have been
pulled off in the past, and doubtless there will
be more in the future. The number of hoaxes will
probably grow with the number of people Looking
for LDBis, and with the amount of publicity the
whole matter receives. Oddly enough, this fact
is an important reason why many reports are
to-
90 Lse
40'
P so
201
Hoaxmm? needed: hoaxes often beoome obvious wheu a
large number of observations are examined for
internal consistency.
Correlation with Mctffnmtie Condition*
Dr. A. Q FraseivSmith oS Stanford "Dnivenrifcy
has correlated the level of magnetic activity on
days wheu LDEs art reported with the average
Wei for that mouth. He finds that "78 per cent
of the LDKs occur on days which are quiet
relative to the rest of the monthM. This finding
needs further checking, but if it stands, it will be
an important result because it tends to reduce
the credibility of both the psychological origin
theory and the "hoax" theory. There is little
reason to believe that the tendency to hallucinate
would be greater on days of low magnetic activity
than on any other. likewise, it seems unlikely
that practical jokers wotild consult magnetograms

« Uh
10 before turning ou their equipment.
24 ftft
U
»
l +4- I tD M
12 14 IC ft 20 ft Two JCindm of Echoe*
»T OCTOBER
1968 A striking feature of several reports at 3.5
IVfHs is the fact that the echoes are heard on the
40 signals of a particular station (usually one near-
30 LOE by) but not at the same time uu other stations
*PtQ
near to the same radio frequency but somewhat
farther away. (This kind of observation is helped
by the multiple-station netting usually practiced
at the lower frequencies.) If the presence ur
I Z M M T I I 2 U » < r » 12 34 234ft absence of an echo is a sharp function of distance
ocxt ocr. a oct4» oct.io at the lower frequencies, a possible explanation is
Rg* 3—Reprtstfttotiva ucample {dioam at random} of that the delay may be a consequence of slowed
the way hi which LDEs iNffl to occur during dipt In relative velocity of propagation accompanying deep
magnetic disturbance. The low«r plot (ap) it an average of
penetration of the layers directly overhead.
Hits quantity over Mirw hours, plotted for each Hiree*hour
biterval of the three-plus days centered en the LDE. The At higher frequencies, such deep penetration
upper plot (ap) b an avorage of the sight daily ap figures, nf the layers is highly unlikely, and other
plotted tor each of the 3 0 days centarsd on tho LDL pianations must be sought.

34 QST for

.SKNAL-tmcJI
VQtCC OR CODS
ORIONAL ?
SIGNAL
Fig, 4—Definition of
mw
(May* and "echo duration:1
A—In Vhb cose echo delay U)
edio delay differs from edto
duration. DELAYED
ECHO
ORIGINAL
SIGNAL
J»
DELAYED
ECHO
One might imagine that if LDEfe are in fact
more likely to occur at times of magnetic calm,
then more than cue instance ought to be reported
on the same day. fiat there are no such coincident
reporto thus far. One concludes from this that
the chance of any given echo being heard must
be very low. It is probable that a fairly large
number of requirements must have to be satisfied
in order for an echo to be observed. Some of
these are nut hard to visualise. For example;
1) The radio frequency may well have to be just
right.
2) The frequency must be free of interference.
The called station, or the other half of a
QSO, or general QRM, must not drown out
the echo.
3) The operator must he alert aud aware that
an echo of this sorb is unusual and worth
reporting.
4) Because the echoes are normally weak, the
receiver must be sensitive and must be oper-
ating with sufficient gain ho that antenna noise
is audible, and
5) Any beam antenna should be pointing in
roughly the right direction.
Of course, there may well be other require-
raents that cannot even be guessed at as yet?
On the Origin of the Longer LDE's
The longer LDEs are frequently reported when
transmission in the higher-frequency bands is
just opening up or shutting down. These are
times uf day when QRM is low, when long-
distance propagation may be good, and when
tilt-initiated icriosphere-to-ionosphere reflections
often take place. Such reflections are now known
to be an important feature of round-the-world
(RTW) propagation,1 hut they have uot as yet
been studied in detail. With the aid of such
propagation, the ionosphere can function as a
pant echo box or "whispering gallery.1' Could
LDEs be temporarily-lost whispers in the
February 1970
EC HP
DEi»AT
rr
ECHO
WWATIOH
whispering-gallery? It's a possibility For ex-
ample, RTW propagation is also best at times
of low magnetic activity.1 In addition, only
two of the reports thus far have mentioned any
IJoppler shift, although in many instances fre-
quency changes as small as plus or minus 20 Hz
ought to have been recognizable. This suggests
that the "reflecting" regions — whatever they
are — are relatively fixed in position, lite the
earth's ionosphere itself. On balance, it seems
desirable — at least initially — to seek a rela-
tionship between LDJfls and the quality of long-
distance transmission,
A difficult thing to explain, however, is the
fact that without exception — so far — only one
echo is reported! Vet in the early days more than
one repeat of a given test transmission was
quite frequently noted. Is this entirely a thres-
hold effect resulting from the lower powers of
today?
It doesn't strain the imagination much to
visualise that there might be times when the
ionospheric echo box could achieve phenomenally
high " Q " , either due to fortuitous focussing or
exceptionally low loases or both. In that event,
however, one would expect to hoar a jumble of
decaying energy* rather like shouting at a piano
with the damping of the strings removed. But
no one has reported this type of behavior at all.
The authors will be grateful for fur-
ther reports of echoes greater than one
or two seconds in length. Shorter
echoes can in general be explained by
round-the-world propagation, and are
of lesser interest. Address: W6QYT,
Radioscience Laboratory, Stanford
University, Stanford California 94305.
All reports will be acknowledged and
credit given.
35
 Comment* on the Report*
Table I is a summary of the priucipal fear
tuxes of the reports received thus far. Some
reports which am inexact as to time, place, and
other details, have been omitted. In oases where
authors have submitted more than one report,
the most complete one has been chosen for
inclusion.
It can be seen that'—strictly speaking —
the list is not exclusively echoes of "long"
delay, according to the classical definition uf
"long" which is 3-HO seconds. It is really a list
of echoes which the observers felt tobeumwual
enough to report. The authors thought it wisest
to be guided by the reporters7 judgment in this
respect. It is well known that the ability to
estimate the passage of time depends strongly
on the observer's mood Hence, the entinxates of
echo duration in seconds must be treated with
great caution except for those cases where there
in memory of the exact words heard, and the
rate nf speaking or sending.
Of particular interest are the two reports of
echoeu heard in the broadcast band, the VHP
reports, and the two reports of delays in the order
of minutes.
Note that where an undesignated time ap-
peal*, it is GMT and the date is GMT; where the
time is designated as "local", the date is local.
Also, please note the definition of "echo delay5'
and "ccho duration/* which is given in Fig. L
''Audible interval" refers to the length of time
during which the echoes could be heard.
Home station call letter* are listed opposite
reporters' names. The "location1' column lists
the locations (often different from home) at
which the LDE'B were actually heard.
Reference*
*0, G. Villard. .In, C. A. Graf and J. M. Lomameyi VK61 — A^ Lloyd Jones, VE5JI, 2338 Grant ttcL, Begina,
"Looo-DeWed • „ * Radio4* 'Plying Saucer'
Stat", QBT. V o l LiXXZ, No. 5. May. 1W$»P pp. 38-45,
* Professor* K< liil^ani and R. N. Shepard of Stanford monton, Alberta.
University; Protestor Colin Cherry of the Imperial College VE7 — H. R . Houffh, VE7HR. 1291 Simon Road, Victoria,
of Science »F Itahnology, London^ blngLand and Dr, IX K, British Columbia.
Broadbent of the Aoplled Pnyehology Reaearoh Unit
Medio*! Research Council, Cambridge, England.
* R, H. Fenwiek and i>. VUlard, Jr., A I ' M of the
u VOX
Rs*lity and Important of lonojjphere-Ionwphorw ttefleo*
felons in Long Distance and Around-the-World High
Froquxmov P r o p a g a t i o n J our ml of Cl*t>phy*ieal faxtttrcii,
Vol, 68. No, 2Qf October lfi, 1V63, pp. 68A*H5«I6.
*ft.B. FeuwiHt and O. G. Vfflani, Jr., "The Effect of * r&sss bureaus prefer A X £tncft or /JO manAa swrfopft
Magnetic Storms on Around-fchft-Warid HiahrFrttjuemiy
Propagation Journal of G&tphvsiftd R&eartk, Vol. 68,
No* 10, August 15, IMS, pp. 46KMtfittt
Acknowled&emen t*
In addition, to the reporters included in the
list, the author* wish to thank the tuany other*
who have takeu the trouble to ^rite, aud regret
that space does not permit all the names to be
included.
The report by W3FEG was referred to us by
0. P. FerrelL
This work was supported in part by the Office
of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-225(64),
aud by the Advanced Research Projects Agency,
36
A.R.R.L. QSL Bureau
The function of thft A R A L QSL Bureau System ia to
facilitate delivery to amateurs ia the United State, its
poneasoiii and Canada of those QSL cards which arrive
from amateur stations in other part* of the world. All you
have to do is send your QSL manager {m* list below) a
stamped self-addressed envelope, about 4 H by UVft inches
in star, with your name and address i s the usual place on
the front of the envelope and your call printed in capital
fetters in the upper left-hand corner.
Cards for stations in the United States and Canada
should be sent to the proper c&U arc* bureau listed below.
W l . K l . WA1, W N l 1 — Hampden County Radio Asso-
ciation, Box 2ltt Potest Park Station, Springfield, M a m r
Musette 0110$.
W2, K3, WAS, WB2, \VN2 —• North J a m y U X Assn.,
JP.O. Box 6l)ft Hidcewood, New Jersey 07451.
W3, K3, WAS, WNS — Jesse Bxeberman, W3KT, R D 1,
HaUey HiU KtL, Malvern, Petmayhrarua 19366
VV4, K4 — ii. U Parrisb, K 4 H X F . JttfD A, Box
Hickory, North Carolina 28001.
WA4, WB4f W W — J . R* iiaker, VV4T.R, 1402 Orange
St., Melbourne Beach, Florida 83051.
W5, K5, WAS, WN6 — Hurley u , Saxon, K5QVH, P.O.
Box 3X3d7, £1 Paso, Texas WWl*
WO, K0, WA0, WBtt, WNO — No. California D X Club,
Box 11, Los Alto*, California U4022.
WT, K7, WA7» WN7 — Willamette Valley D X Club, Ino^
P.O. Box 1'ortland, Oregon U7207.
W8. WAS, WNS — Paul R . Hubbard, VVA8CXY, 931
Market St., SSanesriUe, Ohio 43701.
\V9, K9m WA9, WNtf — Ray T- Bimm, W9MSG, Box &19.
Klmhuzst, Illinois GU12G.
W0, K9, WAtf, WNS — Des Moines Ka<lio Amateur Asso-
ciation. r o . Box S8| Des Moixrn, Iowa J503U1.
KP4 — Alicia Rodrigues, KP1CL, K U . Box 1UG1V flan
Juan, P.R. 00sK>2,
KZ5 — Gloria U . Bpeara, KZfiOB, Boz 407, Balboa, Canal
KU4, Wild — John. 11. Oka, K m U < i f P.O. Box 101, Alea,
Oahu, Hawaii 90701-
KL7. WL7 — Alaska Q8L Bureau. Star Route C, Wamlla,
iVlaska 99697.
YMl — U J, Fader, VElFQ, P.O. Box 6W, HaliCa^ N.8.
VfcSU — Jtihn Bavenscroft. VE2NV, 353 Thoracireet Ave,,
Montreal 780. Quebeo,
VJfiS — R . H. Buckley, VfB3CW, 2U Almont Road, Down^
view, Ontario.
V E 4 — U. fi. MoVittie, V E 4 0 X t 647 Aoademy Koad.
Winntpeft u. Manitoba.
Saskatchewan.
VW—K&tel Tettelaar» VB6AAV, Bub. P.O. N, Ed-
VJfiB — George T . Kondo, VB8 A R R L QSL Bureau of
Department of Transport, .Norman Wells, N.W.T.
— Ernest Ash. VOlAA, P.O. box 6 , 8 t . John's New 1.
V 0 2 — Goose Bay Amateur Radio Glob, P.O. Box 232,
Goose Bay, Labrador.
3 W L — Uriiy Waite, Su Hannucn St., Ballston Spa, Nevr
York 1tsns».
IS YOURS ON FILE
o s r for
 Another Look At Your Receiver And
Its S-Meter
BY JAMES N. THURSTON,* W4PPB
T has become a matter of pride among many
I amateurs to set- 1iovr many ;t db. over SB"
can be registered on the receiver of some
colleague with whom they may be in romtact.
When 1 report on the air that 1 have an S-mcter
but don't put any faith in it-r I can almost seuse
tlie surprise and wonder that crosses the mind of
the ]>ersun to whom 1 a in talking. There ib good
reason however, to be suspicious of all H-meter
readings.
Time and again I have watched amateurs with
years of experience incorrectly operating modern
ham receivem. The first thing they do, almost
invariably, itf to turn up the ri. gain control to
a maximum, This is necessary, they explain, to
insure an accurate S-meter reading. After nil,
they add, the audio gain control can always be
used to make the required adjustments in audio
level.
This habit of using maximum ri. gain is in
inauy cases very poor practice, particularly fin
the 80-, 40-, and 120-meter bands where the re-
ceiver is likely to have its maximum sensitivity.
This is not to say that all ham receivers cannot
be operated with the r.f. gain control opened up,
but many receivers do experience uithcultias
when the r.f, gain control is opened up. Many
receivers sutler from serious overloading in the
r.f. and i.f. stages which distorts the incoming
signal, Bpurious signals are often generated
within the receiver which cause apparent birdies,
key clicks and thumps, and other undesired effects
such as a poor signal-to-noise ratio and inter-
modulation distortion.
To illustrate what I mean, one evening while
completing a regular c,w. schedule 1 wag as-
tounded to hear key ihuinps and a generally
unsatisfactory sou tiding signal coming from a
friend who always is meticulous about the quality
of his transmitted signal, L found, very quickly,
that the trouble was in ntg receiver, as X had
inadvertently left the r.f. gain control nearly at
maximum. As soon as X turned the r.f. gain back,
my friend's signal was once more as clean as
usual.
In another instance, a local ham told me that
he could hardly copy my sj».b. transmission,
and that I had spurious signals at several places
in the band. I was much cuncerned about this
and checked with other hams to see just what
was going um I soon discovered that. Ihe local
ham hud his r i . gain turned up flu high that
my signal was completely overloading his re-
ceiver. The bpurious siguals he heard liad all
been produced by his own receiver,
»iiL2 Seneca Road. Clemson,flouthCarolina U9631,
February 1970
Because of the danger attached to the im-
proper use of the r.f. gain control iu a receiver
"juipped with an S-meter, most amateurs might
be better off if their receivers had no ^meters
at a(L Usually there is an optimum selling of r.f,
and a.f. gain controls wliich will minimise dis-
tortion and yet provide ample sensitivity. Itun-
ning the a.f, gain control up and adjusting
receiver gain with the r.f. gain control will
usually give a cleaner signal.
Of course S-tneters can be useful as relative
indicators uf signal ettreugth, Xn many cases
the actual calibrations seem to be M> far off as
to be ridiculous. If for example an input power
of njie milliwatt to the receiver registered tus au
S9 signal, it would require 10 million watts go-
ing into the receiver (wow!) to produce a sigual
that was 100 db. over 8u. It only takes a little
common sense to realize that S-meters do not
always tell the truth.
Another area of 8-meter misuse occurs when
hams try to compare their "barefoot" signal
strength to that strength observed when the
linear amplifier is tired up. Such fantastic in-
creases iu output as 30 db. are uften reported
on the air. .Now a 30-db. increase means that
the power has been increased by a factor of
XOOUi k more realistic tigure would be 10 db,
or so.
Generally speaking, it is wise to regard all
S-meter readings with a jaundiced eye- The next
time you hear what seems to be a distorted
signal, try reducing your receiver's r.f, gain con-
trol before concluding that the trouble is in the
otiiQV guy's transmitter. You may be amared at
the results. tqgf5—I
^ Stravs 1&
QST congratulates * . .
Bob Lewis, VOIBL, who was reelected to the City
Council uf St. John's, Newfoundland, placing
second on a &late of eight can didate*,
Columbia Amateur Radio Society, on receiving
a blutfribbon.for the second straight year for their
exhibit at tho iJolumbia County (Fla.) Fair.
Herman Lukoff, W3HTF, on becoming a Fellow
in tho Institute of Electrical and Electronic*
Knttiucers for pioneering in the development of
digital t'omouters and ciiitital input and output
devices.
Jack Kelleher* W4RAK, on being appointed
Heuior Staff .Advisor at National Scientific Labors
twripft.
G. £. Smith, W4AEO, elected a Fellow member of
the Radio Club of America.
37
 Transistors
ROBERT E. STOFFELS*
W
fttuch arc
jfi have/during the part few months, spent
considerable time discussing fundamental*
of transistor operation*—those subject*
which do in it. HjieciHcally involve tranwiKtiirH, but.
important f<ir a mniprvheniMve
understanding of the wibjcct. This month we
studl take t.heM' various feubjeet*— structure of
mutter; crystals, hole**, oercpfors, donors; and
fiiuiily the seniieondiicti ir diode — mid apply
them ail to the subject of the transistor itself.
Aft yon will recall, in Part X we diKcniswd the
semiconductor diode, and the pn junction (that
line of demarcation between p-type material and
u-fype material ) which in essential to its opera-
tion. In thift diode it was possible for excels
electrons on on* side of the junction to combine
with hole* on the cither side of the junction for
Mly a tvrief peritxlf because the resultant. ions
(atoms which have gained or lost an electron)
opposed the motion of additional electrons and
holes toward thin junction, and, hence, caused a
depletion region to be formed,
We found that this depletion region was present
even if no external battery wan applied to the
pn crystal, and that it could bo made larger by
connecting an external battery of the proper
fiolarity to it. A diode so connected is said to be
mvrjK Mimed, and current How in the circuit is
prevented.
By the wnne token, the battery could be
netted to the cryutal so as to reduce Lhe hi*e nf
this depiction region; diode connected w
said to hnfon&arti biased. If the- forward bias, or
the voltage of the external battery, is great
enough to reduce 1 ho six* of this depletion region
to almost nothing, then current Hows in the
circuit. Thus, we have lhe well-known rectifying
action of the semiconductor diode,
Note that ko far we have heen dealing with a
device constating of two part* and, consequently,
one junction. Let us now expand this philosophy
* iJinmtor, E.VX Operations, Automatetilect.rieLabora-
toriat, inc., Northl&kr, Ul. 001S4. Thin hmi«b reprinted
from Telephone \1 Brookhill Puhlwh-
inz Company, Whoa ton, Illinois tiUUff.
Conduction in a two-junction de-
vie* — npn or pnp — and how it itr
hinted; how a transistor operates in a
circuit.
1 and headed for positive plate of the battery,
38
Part 4—The Transistor
to u piece of material consisting of three parts
as shown in Fig. 4-*. The Hrst nnd third action
of this device shall be comprised of p-lype ger-
manium ithat ist with holes, and res<dtaut n^g-
ative ions), and the -ccond, or center section of
this device, shall he compiled of n-type material
(with iU excess electrons, ami its positively
charged ions,)
jjot us combine the*e three sections, in exactly
the name manner as did with the semicon-
ductor diode. .For the sake of clarity* all three
sections are shown the *ame since; In actual prao-
tice the center section is extremely *rnaiL Ah
these three pieces art1 joined land once again,
a mere uhyuic.nl connection b* not. sufficient;
the device must Iw* grown* we form two juno-
tiorw, and because of the nature of the material
we also form two depletion regions,
A » explained last month, tiie physical of
these depletion regions is appreciable, even \uth
no external battery connected to the unit, After
au Initial period of combining, all hoics (in the
two outside sections) ami excels electrons (in the
center section) stay completely out of the de-
pletion regions, since they are repelled by the
ion* on lhe other Hide of the junction**.
Ah you will recall, it is po&ible lo cut rfcitm
the riixe of f.he depletion n%ion by applyiug a
forward voltage bias to I be material on either
side of the junction, and it is likewise possible to
rrdarge the siaw of the depletion region by apply-
ing a reverse voltage bias to the material on
either side of the junction,
Fig. 4-3 shows a forward bia* being applied to
the junction to the Wf. (notice thai the positive
plate of the external battery BT\ is connected to
the p-type material, thus repelling the holea ia
the material, and causing the sue of the depletion
regfrm to be decreased J and a reverse bia* being
applied to the junction U> the right {notice that
the negative plate of external battery HTm ia
connected to the p*type material, thus attracting
the holes in the material nud cjiuRing the sixe <»f
the depletion region to he increased).
ItecaU also that when a pn junction is forward
biased fas at the left) the holes from the p-type
material combine * i t h the excews eleclrona of the
n-type material. In order to not leave the ions
hi the? two sections uucoiupeusatedt electrons in
the p-lype material broke away from their atom*,
thus* leaving new holes iu their wake. Likewise,
QST for
 Rg. 4-1—Thr«* parts of pnp transistor.
2 ® ®
P-TYPE N-TYPE P-TYPE
,DEPLETIONv
JT REGIONS*
Fig. 4-2—Pnp sections joined to form a Iramotor 1
© V \ © • ©
• 0 1 Q* S ® .
i
© V © I

p N P
ui the n-type material (to the right of the junc- started by the forward bias beiug applied to the
tion) new electrons were injected iutn the ma- center section, but the result of this bias causcd
terial from (.he wire connected to the negative current to How iu theriyhi-httntlsection instead.
plate of the external battery. We might indeed ccmsidpr the wire attached to
this centei section to be little mora than a
Diffusion t rigger, in that it causes currant flow in an entirely
Tliia action takes place in this thxofrwtiou different area.
device just as it did iu the two-section device
we call a diode — with, however, one notable The Transistor
exception. Iu the diode there were only two A» you may have gueH*ed, this three-section
aeetions, rablxer than three, aud cntwequently device is the unit we have been sneaking \ip on
there was no meant* by which other, outside these past months, the junction transistor. As
influence* could be exerted on the junction, Fur- you caic see, it has three wires coming out of it,
thermore, it was mentioned earlier that, although aud is composed of three different flections.
the figures* show each uf tile three sections to be This particular transistor is called a pnp
the same si*e, the renter sect ion i* in reality transistor, sdnce. the- materials making up the
made extremely thin (on the order of .001 inch, three layers are p-type, n-type, and p-type,
or won Lew hat thinner than a human hair). Thus, respectively. It would also liave been possible
the holes which migrate to thi* n-type center fur us to demonstrate an npn transistor; in
section under the influence of the forward voltage this ease the. polarities of our external batteries
biaK have great difficulty finding an ext-em* elec- would have been reversed, aud the transistor
tron which to combine, and in t&ilily often itself wuuld have been composed of u-type,
diffuse right through this center wet ion into the p-type, aud n-type material, respectively.
depletion region to the right (see topmost hole, The left-hand section is called the emitter of
Pig. 4-3). the transistor; the center section is called the
If this diffusion uf liolew doe* occur, they are hase uf the transistor, arid the right-hand section
more often than not further attracted to the is called (.he collector of the transistor. Mote tJutt
right by the negative ions in the right-hand in normal operation the emitter-base junction of
p-type .section. Consequently, the current, or the transistor in forward binned, and tlie base*
passage of electron** in the wire Conner tod to collcctor junction of the tran*i&tur in reverse triaseiK
the center section is appreciably smaller than It was tiugge&ted above tliat the action of the
would be the raw with a similar two-section transistor depends upon the thinness of the buse
device. /1 in thin diffusion of holes through the cttrtr-rregion. This is indeed the case, aud it is possible
Motion, into the depletion ret/ton to the right, ami to make this region extremely thin, thus im-
hence into th*> right hand serJimif which charac- proving the action of the transistor. In fact, by
terizes the action of a transistor. careful manufacture, it in paxxiHe- to cauxe more
Note that the current so formed (and certainly than OS per cent of the hole« leaving the emitter
the motion of these holes is truly current) was region to diffuse into the collector region, and only
REDUCED DEPLETION ENLARGED DEPLETION
REGION \ / REGION

©
0 © LLi® ^ ® e ~
-its ;®je # Q
N
EMITTER BASE COLLECTOR

BTI BT2
4-3
II-
Pig. 4-3—Forward btai applied to a pnp transistor.

Februaxy 1970
about two per cent of the holes lo beis not
a transistor <kiptur#l by
even labeled as being a pnp
electron* in (he bane mgion. or npn transistor; the direction of the arrow-
Consider the implication of thin fact! If 98
head conveys this information.
per cent of the holm pausing through the emitter 100 MA;
actually reach the collector, and only two per
cent reach the wire connected to the base, then
if the wire to the base ia physically opened we
are actually interrupting only a biuall current
(two per cent uf the toUd emitter current) but
are causing to tie interrupted the entire emitter^
collector current- For certainly if the wire to the
baae is opened, then the emitter-base junction id
uo longer forward biased, and no current at all
Hows, Thus the great achievement, uf a transistor,
stated simply, is as follows:
// a transistor it -axed in arimvit }and if the added to bate bad,
current in the one wire \to tfue hnse'i is inter-
Fig. Switch and
rupted ur changed, then the actionAn ofEasy
the tran-
Example
sistor ravses a much greater current in a different
wire. b> similarly interrupted or changed. And
In Part 5 we fchall diraiua at norne length
wit thbj after alt, the exact definition of a relay
various examples of tlie trarwwtur in uperatiun;
or vacuum tubet however, in order to nail down the pliyBical
characteristics and operation of the tmnaistor,
let us diticuss one bhnple example at this time.
If we were to take the circuit of Fig. W f and
add a toggle twitch and resistor to the base lead,
and a resistor to the eollectur tad i>w Kig. 4-fi)
ww would have an actual operating circuit. The
resittUn- in the base lead s* simply a protecting
reswtor (remember, tiie emitter-base junction of
a tranaitftor w a dimple forward-biased diode, and

I 1 unle&tt some sort of a resistor i* inserted in the

circuit the junction will rapidly destroy it&elf).
The resistor in the collector lead is the load

L
Fig. 4-4—Conventional way of showing
£
the pnp
resistor, and it ift in this wire* or circuit, that we
are attempting to control current.
if we were simply to HM4V that two per cent of all
current entering the emitter emerged from the
basu, then it is obvious that t he other W per cent
of the current emerges from the collector. (These
figures, as mentioned earlier, are not at all
unreasonable, i So, for the purpose of thia exam-
ple, let UK U P T I M E I hat 100 mA. tlows into the
emitter, 2 mA Hows out of the base, and IMi mA
flows out cpf the collector. Now, if the toggle
switch in the bane lead is of very delicate in-
struction, nt it'll that it ia able to safely intemipt
only 2 mA, we were still perfectly safe in operat-

r i ing our circuit as shown. For even though the cur-

rent in the collector load resistor (perhaps a light
j
t
bulb) is MS mA, opening the toggle switch, and
thus the direct interrupting of 2 mA, will eause to
4-E be interrupted the 9S mA collector current.
N'ext mouth we shall rearrange thw circuit
. 4-5—Conventional way of showing the npn Iran*
•irtor. riumewhat., and apply values to the various com-
ponents*, The «imilarit.y between a transistor
Figs. M and +J» show the r-ofiventional mean circuit and a relay circuit will alw> be examined.
of showing a pup and an npn transistor. Note
Questions;
that Ihr bftse lead is shown leaving the body of
V What is the difference frhv
the transistor at right. angles to it, and that the
and an npn transistor?
emitter and collector leadft leave at an angle.
2. What tupe of bias is appli
Furthermore, the emitter lead be*.r* an
sister in operationf
head, the direction *>f which differs between the
This arrowhnul point*3.
two types. iaWhat
the direction
type of bins is appli
nf mttmdifmfU current — thatristor
in, opptmtr from
in operation/
the direction of tJw electron* tJiemsdvcs.
iCotUinwd
Normally on pa^e f

40 QST for
 • Tl&w OppaMiuA,
Radio Shop Lab 1 Frequency Marker
T h e top model of the Radio fihop Lab 1 line is
shown in the lower photograph. Designated the
T H L 1 , this wired and tested model contains all the
required parts, except three C cells and a Metis
crystal. Three battery holders mounted inside the
T B L l cabinet make the unit completely w l f -
eootained. A phono jack ou the back of the TRTJI
is used as an output connector. Three ca-
]>acitor» connected in parallel are used to couple
the marker output to the phono jaek. Should the
output level he too high for the user's application,
one or two of these capacitors can be disconnected.
A hole on the front of the unit provides screwdriver
access to the variable capacitor in series with the
crystal, thus permitting the oscillator frequency
to lie *et at exactly 1UU kiln. A six-position function
switch is used t o select 5-. 10-, 26-, or lftfl-
f>cau&& we now have restricted segments in the kfla nmrkers, and to turn the unit off, T h e TRTJL,
B ham bands, something other than the umial
MKMcHx crystal calibrator is needed to itivurately
which measures L'f j X 4 H X f* inches, sella for
-ftRMtt plus SI for postage und handling.
determine receiver frequency. One *ohitian i* a Several Kadio Hhop Lub I frequency markers
Kadio Shop Lab 1 frequency murker, which is were tested in the A U R L lab and all performed
available in three models. Depending r>n the out- satisfactorily. However, because of the switching
put connection ^injected by a 2*pole 6-po<*ifion arrangement u*w*J or recommended care must be
switch (only included in the nrnst expensive model), taken to select the |>rc>|>er murker signals when
the frequency marker will generate signals every calibrating a receiver, Since all the flip-flops operate
5, 10, 2S9 AO or 101) ktTs up to at least An M i l a . when the unit is turned en, and since the function
switch merely connects the output coupling capaci-
One Faircluld J J J ! I I 4 dual two-input gate and
tor to the desired frequency divider, there is signal
three Motorola MC79011 dual J K tlip-tfops are
leakage in-the circuit, und many markers are heard
usee} in the frequency marker. T h e Fail-child I d is
in addition to the desired ones. Fortunately the
wired'as a crystal-eon trolled multivibrator, while
unwanted markers are weaker than the wanted
the Motorola units are employed as frequency
signals.
dividers Output of the oscillator is ft lon-ktia
square wave. On-the-nose operation remade possible
by an adjustable capacitor in series with the crystal.
T h e firtft flip-flop divide* the KKMcFla MgnaI by
two to produce a 50-kII& output. T h e oM-kH* w^ual
toggle* a second flip-flop to produce a 25-kIlft
signal and, at the xurte time, it drives a group of
three ttip-flops in a dividtsby-five circuit to product
a 10-kUa Mgiml. Toggling of the remaining flip-
tiop by the 10~kllz rigmil produces a 5-kF1a (>tirput*
The frequency markers require a to 1 volts d *
at about 75 rnA. T w o C or D cells mn be used to
furnish the necessary power or three C or I ) cells
in series with a silicon diode (forward biased) can
be employed (only the top model of the line includes
a diode).
T h e leant expensive model of the frequency marker
lh the kit version, whirh Mkll» for SIB.5IJ pustpuul
from the manufacturer. A 1** X 3*4-inch gins.*-
The pmductrt descritad above are manufactured
epoxy printed-nirouit board is used to mount the
by the Radio Hhop Lab 1, 48 Kim Htreet, N e w
part*. Although few components are employed in Curiasn, Conn. WMtl — \V1 YDS
the circuit, it'a necessary to sulder at least sixty
conuections. Because of the closeness of these con-
nections, all soldering should be done care Fully
with small-diameter solder and a low-wattage iron
having a small tip. If one follows the instructions
Changma of AddreaJ
included with the kit, he shouldn't have any diffi- P l e a * advise us th'wl of any change, of
culty, The completed kit is *h«wn in the upper addrea*. Ai? our address labels are prepared
photograph. Only the components pictured there in advance, pleas* allow Kecks notice.
OesB the crystall are furnished with the kit; the li^er When notifying, please give old as well as
must Mipply his own crystal, switch, coupling new address and Zip code*. Yimr promptness
capacitor, enclosure, and p o w r supply. will help you, the postal service and us.
A second model of the frequency marker is a Thanks.
wired and tested vensiun of the kit. It. sell* for
$10.% postpaid.

February 1970 41
 Graphic Solution of L
ub nomographs uf Figs. 1 and 2 provide scale* to be applied to the chart of fig. whic
T
a graphic means of determining the resonantyields a high degree of accuracy.
frequency of a combination uf L and C or, It will be noticed that Fig. 2 is divided into
conversely, of determining the values of L midsections. Fig, 1 can be considered aa a mag-*
0 that resonate at Home desired frequency. Nonification of any selected section of Fig, 2,
intermediate conversion to reactance is necessary.when the frequency, capacitance and inductanc
The chart of fig. 2 covers a frequency rangescales of Fig, 1 are made to correspond to tho
from low audio frequencies to the highest r.f. uf the section selected from Fig. 2.
frequencies at which lumped-component circuit* Example: Given: / - 100 hiisr L - 80 mH.
are practical. The range of capacitance values Find: C necessary for resonance at/.
covered is from 1 pP to 10 mF, while the induc- Referring to Fig. 2, it is found that the inte
tance range runs from 0.01 pli to 100 Henries.section of the 100-kHa diagonal line and the
This chart in readable to approximate values vertical 80-mH line fall in theflectionmarked
ouly9 and is luswi primarily to determine the (A). In thisflection,the L wale runs from J
* 8353 WwtlftwiL Avenue, Los Allele*, tfeiif. WKU&mil to 1000 mH, while the (7 scale runs from 1
100 g^r f * - J * r* ? -' r:i j ? ?" .'f • v -4 j ? 1 rf t ^ 7 r -F--:is:ii^:L:::w;iaggggjJ
1
;h * *;' ' ,*3 - -v ? J T^Z*- - ^ r j•''gf-'^ r^i::r-:xCJ- *: ? l|"a» ft ««
•::
90 1 a s mm m -
II. ' «
^ « . 1^ 'r < •
1
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3 «. " i
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MICA0HENRJE3
Fig. 2—Wldt-range

to 100 pF, so the C and L scales of Fig. 1 are
made to correspond, i.e., with pF at 1 on the
vertical scale, 100 pF at 100 on the vertical
scale, 10 mH at 1 on the horizontal scale, and
1000 mH at 100 on t.he horizontal scale.
In ejection (A) of Fig. 2, the frequency range
runs from about 1 MH* (1000 kHz) to approxi-
mately 20 kHz. Therefore, diagonal line 1.0 in
Fig. 2 is labeled 100 kHz, line 4.0 is labeled
400 kHz, line 0.3 is labeled 30 kHz, and bo on.
With the scales set, the unknown capacitance
is found by running vertically from 8 (80 mil)
to intersect diagonal line 1 (100 kHz), and thence
to left to the vertical scale, where a reading of
32 (32 pF) is obtained.
As a second example:
Given: C - 0.1 L - 10 H»
Find: resonant frequency/.
The intersection of the 10-H vertical line,
and the 0.1-jtF horizontal line iu Fig. 2 falls in
the section marked (B). In this section, the L
scale runs from 1.0 to 100 H, so 1 iu the L
scale of Fig. 1 represents 1 11, while 100 repre-
sent* 100 II. Also, in section (B) of Fig. 2, the
C scale runs from 0.01 to 1 /iF, so 1 on the vertical
scale of Fig. 1 is read as 0.01 txF, while 100 on
the scale is read as 1 pF. The frequency in
section (B) of Fig. 2 runs from approximately
1000 Hz. to 20 Hz, so diagonal line 1 in Fig. 1
represents 100 Hz, line 4 represents 400 Hzf
line 0.3 represents 30 Hz, and so oul
The unknown frequency is found from Fig. 1
by running horizontally from 10 (0,1 p.F) on
the vertical scale to intersect the vertical line
from 10 (10 H) on the horizontal scale. At the
intersection of these lines, read approximately
1,45 (145 Hz) on the diagonal scale*
A few trials will show that the charts are much
easier to use than they are to explain.

Strays "ft
each QCWA member worked. (Repeats on other
bands of modes do not count, nor do non~
members-) Multiply the points by the sum of the
states, Canadian provinces and countries other
1970 QCTOA QSO PARTY than the U. S. and Canada in which a member
Starts: 2400 GMT Friday, February 13, 1970. whs worked, for thefinalscore.
Ends: 2400 GMT Sunday, February 15, 1970, Your log should show in this order: Contact
This year's party is being sponsored by the Arizona No&, Date/Time in GMT, Station worked, re-
Chapter of QCWA. Only members are eligible for ports, band, QTH, name, and QCWA number.
the QCWA certificate and plaque donated by the Activity will be found near the following fre-
National Headquarters, and only contacts with quencies: m : 3580, 7080, 14080, 21080, 28080
other members will count toward this award. kHz. F l m n 3980, 7280, 14280, 28580 kHz.
Overseas members cau be contacted, as they HTTY: 3596-3600, 7095-7100, 21070-21075,
too, enjoy the fraternalism. This year, as last 28070-28075 kHz. Mail your log by Mar. 15,
year to add interest, a simple point scoring 1970 to Harry Manning W7GDT, 1895 Grand-
system will be incorporated. Count one point for view Road, Prescott, Arizona 86301*

February 1970 43
 4CX300A*
Q JZ Fig. l — D e t a l b o f t h » 4 3 2 -
Jt~*< M H x qmpPfter a t W2JKt
\L j h o w t n g modifications o f f h #
-L, W 1 Q W J design. Parts o f ths
Tc6 drcuff not shown, a n d c o m -
p o n e n t i marked but not d « -
_[ cribsd b e l o w , a r e the same
a s In the original v e n f o a
C j j C ^ ^ B - p F g l a s s trimmer.
R F C r — 1 2 tarns Now 24 • n a r m f , t f h d i tong,
10ANW
DIPBIA
METER
S
3A-mch diameter (Ohmfte Z - 4 6 0 ) ,

current mctuum
iurBM

U 50 K 0-1 /T7

F i g . 2 - * D e t a i b o f a simple relative-output indicator

far Hie 4 3 2 - M H z ampGfier* i s , Cs a n d /t a r e a s Jn f f i e
original ampDAer d e s i g n . 3

Some Hints on Push-Pull

432-MHz Power Amplifiers
ub external-anode type of vacuum tube is
T almost standard equipment for 432-MHz
tranmnitterg of more than, a few watts out-
put, aud for good reasons. 'Phis large family of
tubes offers about our only hope of obtaining
reasonable efficiency on amateur bauds from
144 MHz up. In the 2-meter band they work
well in either single-ended or push-pull layouts,
and may even be used in parallel, if great care is
used in the circuit design. But when we ffit up
to the 420-MHz band there is often a large
difference in performance between one* arid
two-tube designs.
In single-ended amplifiers the extemaUanode
tube is a natural, it* physical characteristics
having been worked out with coaxial tank circuit
applications in mind. It is even relatively easy
to build a multiband amplifier for 144p 220 and
432, using coaxial tank circuits. A 4CX250B
amplifier shown in both editions of uur VM.F*
Manual is an adaptation of an earlier design
that provided for all three bands.1 On any of
these frequencies its efficiency closely approxi-
mates that of a good 5fl0-watt amplifier for,
say, the 14-MHs band. But if you want to run
L Q8T, Auctub 19*1*
Brayley, "A. Coaxisi-Tutk Amplifier for 220 and 42(1 *"The WIQWJ OS-M*. Kilowatt Amplifier/' QST.
Ma." Q*T§ Mar, iftSl. Sane priaatpb* apply tor 144- Ftbiutry, IMS. Aba, Chapter 17, "Tk* &ad& AmaUurU
MHi teak circuit.
the maximum legal power it is necessary to use
more than one of these tubes, and here the 433-
MHi picture changes for the worse.
One basic design has been used by most work-
ers on 432 who want kilowatt capability: a
1
pushppull layout by W0FZA , ur an improved
version by WlQWiP, the latter being the more
widely copied. At its best, the W1QWJ amplifier
U capable of 55 to 60 peroeut efficiency, but some
builders have nob done this well. Much of the
trouble seems to lie in making circuits work the
way they are supposed to, at this frequency.
A push-pull circuit may, for instance, tend to
look like a parallel one at some other frequency,
and if the parallel resonances happen to show
up at certain critical frequencies the amplifier
may refuse to work at all. Splitrstator capacitors
that are not properly balanced to ground are
notorious for causing this, at 220 and 420 MHz.
Balanced drive may aiso be difficult to attain.
This was a problem in a 4$2-MHa amplifier
built by Bill Noah, W2JEX He used 4CX300As,
but otherwise his layout was similar to that of
W1QWJ* Bill found that he could develop
* Margot," X Practical Kilowatt Amplifier for 43a Mo,,'
Handbook?* IMS Edition* p. 453,

44 o s r f o i
grid current, but the driving voltage at the two
grids was largely iu phase, rather than 180
degrees out of phase, ad it should be in a push-
pull stage, The solution turned oat to be us
shown schematically in Fig. 1.
The iuput circuit of the W2JKI amplifier
looks very much like its predecessor, except
that there is no butterfly tuning capacitor,
shown as <7* iu the W1QWJ version. The bank
inductance, Lu a %-wave U-shaped loop as
before, id tuned at each grid by 3-pF glass
coaxial capacitor*. Balancing of the circuit is
done by means of these two trimmer)) only. Also
important is the installation of RFGi in the
bias lead to Lu and removal of C\\ to the mid
end of this rf choke. With the center tap of L\
thu* ungrounded for rf, the two trimmers, G*
and C4, can be used to balance the drive to the
tube grids, if the adjustment procedure given
below w followed. The position of the link,
with respect to L\, may be critical also, aud it
may be found that the j*$-inch spacing between
them, recommended in the original article,
will not be optimum.
Tune-up Proemdurm
Leave tbe shield off the grid compartment for
adjustment of the tuning and coupling in the
input circuit. With tbe link capacitor <J\ half
meshed, apply drive and peak the tuning capaci-
tors C's and Ci for maximum grid current, Swing
t'x through its range to see if it actually tunes
the link. If not, move L\ nearer to or farther
from L\ and try again. W2JKT reports that he
had to use less than the recommended J^-inch
spacing. He used Ho, 14 wire with Teflon iosular
lion for L* Moving the link affects the grid
tuning, so repeak Cx and C4 with each change.
Reaching a maximum grid current value does
not necessarily indicate that the drive lo the
two tubes is the proper 180 degrees out of phase,
so now a check should be run using amplifier
output and screen current balance as the indi-
cators. Hun the amplifier at 800 to 1000 volts
on the plates, and with a proper 50-ohm load,
check the output. It is nice to have a reliable
uhf wattmeter available at this stage, but if you
don't have one, the relative-output indicator
arrangement shown in Fig. 2 may be of interest.
This was suggested to W2JKI by W2DKG-
Note the output, relative or actual. Now move
Cz one turn lower in capacitance, and one
turn higher, and take another efficiency or
relative-output reading. This adjustment will
affect the phase of the drive to the grids, and will
probably affect both the grid current and the
output. If the efficiency is degraded, the test
shows that G% needs more capacitance and C*
less. You will probably note a greater difference
in screen current readings between the two tubes
if this is the case. Remembering how far you
moved, go in the opposite direction and repeat
the efficiency check. Maximum rf output aud
very nearly perfect balance of screen current
should coincide, when the drive to the two tubes
is exactly i»0 degrees out of phase, if reasonably
February 1970
well-matched tubes are used. With the amplifier
properly balanced an output efficiency of at
least 55 percent should be readily obtained.
Good dummy loads capable of dissipating in
excess of 500 watts at 432 MHz are hard to come
by. The Heath Canteiwa will show about 10
l>ercent reflected power at this frequency, but
it is usable for initial adjustments at moderate
power. It will start to smoke iti about 2 minutes
at 550 watt.* output from the transmitter, how-
ever. The best load is usually a well-matched
antenna — but don't do extensive besting this
way at full power, on 432.001, when the band is
upeu. There's plenty of letting room without
CjKM-ing the "high-rent district," and a couple
hundred kHss either way will make no practical
difference iu results of the adjustment procedure.
Relative Output Indicator
A simple relative output indicator that can
be built into the plate compartment of the ampli-
fier is shown in Fig, 2, Coupling to the coaxial
line between the output loop, Z#g, and the power
output jack, J%, is effected by running the inner
conductor of a short section of KGn58/U under
the shield of the output line, for a distance of
one-half inch. The outer conductors of the two
coaxial lines can be connected together and
grounded. The diode should be outside the strong
rf field of the plate tank circuit, and can be 011
the outside of the amplifier box, if this is con-
venient.
The amount of coupling and the setting of the
control Hi will depend on the power level. Start
with maximum resistance iu Ru and adjust it
as required to maintain a usable reading on the
meter. As W2JKI puts it, "This will give you
an output measurement iu gubs, but at least
it is something to let you know which way vou're
going," - WlHiXi
Book Copies and Photographs
Back copies of QST referred to iu QST
Utiles are available when in print from
our Circulation Department, Please seud
money order or check — 7Sc for each
copy — with your order; we cannot bill
small ordera nor can we ship c.o.d.
Full siae (8 by 10) glossy prints of
equipment described in QST by staff
members (only) can be furnished at $1.50
each. Please indicate the QST issue, page
number, and other necessary identifica-
tion when ordering, aud include full re-
mittance with your order — we do not bill
nor ship c.o.d.
Sorry, but no reprint* of individual QST
articles are available, nor are templates
available unless specifically mentioned iu
the article*
45
 Transistor Rigs and Cold Weather
F you live in one of the colder areas of the country,
I and you have a mobile or portable rig using
transistors, it will be no news to you that transistors
may not be at their best after spending a typical
New England winter night in a car that stands out-
side. It certainly is riot news to the writer of these
lines. My first encounter with the sensitivity »f
transistors to cold weather came with a vibrator
substitute in a 6-meter mobile rig, quite some years
ago. The phenomenon has shown up in a different
transistor vhf rig every winter since.
Two 50-AIHz transistor transceivers, described
in November, 1964, and February-March, 1967,
QST turned up dead on the first really cold morning
after being in a car all night, but revived quickly
when they were left on the lab workbench for a
half hour or so. It was not too surprising to have
this happen with something I built myself, but the
experience has been repeated with several vhf
rigs of otherwise impeccable commercial design.
The latest was a 50-MHz transistor transceiver
of Japanese manufacture that would have received
unqualified praise, had I rushed into print with it
before seeing how it survived the rigors of a New
England winter. This little job performed superbly
when first checked, last October. Its built-in vfo
was reasonably stable and the modulation was
adequate and of excellent quality when the rig
was used on am. Performance on fm was also very
good. The receiver was as good as I have ever seen
in a 50-MHz mobile setup, with transistors or
vacuum tubes.
But after "the frost was on the pumpkin*' we
noted that the receiver took a while to get warmed
up to the job, and this got worse as the weather got
colder. When we had a snappy 12-degree morning
in December I decided to bench-test the rig immed-
iately after bringing it in out of the cold. The re-
sults are probably typical, and they are not pleasing.
Using the built-in " D " cells, the receiver made
only a weak rlick when turned on. The noise re-
sulting from connecting an antenna (normally a
loud roar in this fairly noisy location) was nil.
A wattmeter in the antenna line showed 0.1 watt
output when the push-to-talk switch was closed.
This was with vfo control. On crystal control the
output was 0.3 watt. After 15 minutes at 75-degree
room temperature the receiver hiss became barely
audible, and the transmitter output was up to ^
watt, crystal or vfo. After 30 minutes the receiver
noise was up nearly to normal and the transmitter
power was 1.4 watts. By an hour's time everything
was running normally again: 1.5 watts output, and
the usual excellent receiver sensitivity.
This warmup cycle is very similar to that of the
two home built transceivers already mentioned. All
use bipolar transistors throughout, except for the
FETs in the rf stage and vfo of the Japanese trans-
ceiver. All were operated from inexpensive D cells
of the carbon-zinc type. It can be assumed that the
relatively poor cold-weather performance of this
type of cell is a factor in this, but not a major one.
(The Japanese rig worked just as poorly when con-
nected to the car battery, except that the transmitter
output was a shade higher when checked in the
extreme-cold position.)
46
The real culprits are the transistors, apparently,
especially those used as oscillators. Our transistor
vibrator substitute has an oscillator in the audio
range. It quits when the temperature plunges into
the sub-zero region, but works uniformly otherwise.
The tunable oscillator in the earlier of our two 50-
MHz transceivers conked out regularly in cold
weather. The transmitter and converter crystal
oscillators in the second transceiver seem to stand
temperatures down to about 10 degrees above zero,
though output is below par at near-freezing tempera-
tures, or lower. The little Japanese transceiver has
been less than its best almost continuously since
the last of the warm fall days, unless the car has
been running long enough so that the heater blast
warms the rig up thoroughly.
Something has to make the electrons j ump around,
and heat is one thing that does it. This is automatic
in vacuum tubes, but almost totally lacking in
transistor equipment. In circuits where feedback
may normally be low, as in vhf oscillators, there
may not be enough electronic activity, when tem-
peratures fall to characteristic New England winter
conditions, to maintain oscillation at a usable level.
If you use your vhf gear merely for fun, this may
pose no great problem. On a frosty morning you're
likely to be more concerned with whether or not the
car will go, and talking to your vhf pals on the way
to work is not very vital. But suppose you are a
radio officer in your local CD organization. Last
summer you sold your civil authorities on an invest-
ment of several hundreds of dollars for self-contained
transistor vhf rigs. There's nothing better for
haudling many local communications jobs — if you
don't let an emergency communications assignment
sneak up on you in sub-zero weather.
Better keep those transistor rigs in where it's
warm, or provide them with 12-volt heaters that -
can be plugged into a cigarette lighter for a few
minutes — just in case. Battery efficiency can. be
maintained under low-temperature conditions by-
the use of alkaline or nickel-cadmium batteries. And
don't throw away "obsolete" transceivers that use
those funny old vacuum tubes. — WiHDQ
The British Amateur Radio Teletype Group
is sponsoring a spring RTTY contest what will run
from 0200 GMT March 21. to 0200 GMT March 23,
1970. Contest rules appeared in IARU News of
QST for March 1969, page 72.
• H • • • mrnm
Feedback
The Thyrector diode assembly, Zu used in the
primary circuit of " A Power Supply for that Big
Linear Amplifier," {QST, December 1969, page 43)
should have been designated as GE part number
6RS20SP4B4. The firgt three digits were mistakenly
omitted in the QST writeup.
QST for
 HintsFor««Kinks
the Experiments
THE "MINZLOOP" LOW-FREQUENCY
ANTENNA SYSTEM
n the low-frequency bonds it is sometimes
O necessary for the ham to use very limited
space for his antenna system. It may even be
necessary to operate for an. appreciable period
with the antenna confined to an apartment or
hotel room which houses the station!
Recent literaturelpt has emphasised the im~
provement in efficiency that can be realised by
using a Wghly-conductive loop rather than,
for example, the more-conventional center-
loaded whip. Extensive experience using the
"Mobiloop" antenna1 has prompted the author
to apply this name basic principle in the develop'
ment of a compact 80- and 40-meter antenna
system, which is suitable for rotatable operation
indoors.
The "Miniloop" antenna shown in Fig. 1 is a
miniaturised version of the Mobiloop. Actually,
this self-supporting loop antenna was formed
from the center section removed from the Mo-
biloop. (This section was fabricated by overlap*
ping the tips of two 102-inch Citizens' Band
whips by approximately three inches, wrapping
this overlap with oopperweld wire, soldering
the joint, and then encasing the entire 18J£-foot
length in ^fr-inch wide copper shielding braid.)
1 Pftbtarson, "Down To Earth Army Antonaa/'"JBae-
Cronfcjt, Auglut fcl,1967,
'Taylor, "Tbe 'MoHJoop' — An Improved Mobile An-
tenna gysteait" Q3Ty N<w«rab«\ LfiQS.
APIA-loop
MCTSXTl
RUSSUQKT
BULB c u e
INDICATOR
MVELrfiALL
MOeL iK MOUNT
( I EACH BIDK>
|r MPUT
J
ALUMINUM BOX
Rg, 1 — Schematic of Ihe "Miniloop." Capacitance values as an advertising novelty by many concerns. —
are to pF. Ci and Cs are 500-voft Mylar eapacttart, William Stan Hornhaker, WA4TJJ
Cibah air variable.
February 1970
The section was curved to form a circle approxi-
mately oH feet in diameter, and two standard
swivel-ball mobile mounts were attached to a
3 X 5 X 7-inch aluminum box and used to
support the loop.
The antenna is fed at one end by 52-ohm
coaxial cable, and the opposite end is returned
to ground through a aeries-resonating air-variable
capacitor, C& Impedance matching at the feed
point is achieved by means of one or two Mylar
capacitors across the coax. Band-changing is
accomplished by switching this matching ca-
pacitance, and by readjusting the variable
capacitor to put the system in resonance. A
flashlight bulb, shunted across approximately
three inches of the antenna near the feed point,
is used to indicate the correct adjustment.
Results using this portable antenna have been
quite satisfactory, considering the site of the
system. The assembly was placed in the middle
of a first-floor room, which houses the ham
station. Signal strengths experienced on 75 and
40 meters during the daytime were sufficient to
permit uninterrupted contacts over distance of a
few hundred miles.
Comparisons were made on 75 meters with a
center-Loaded mobile whip Located on a nearby
automobile. The signal strengths were greater
for the Miniloop by an average of at least one
3 unit This advantage is most likely the result
of using a system,that does not have the resistive
losses present in the loading coll of the conven-
tional 75-meter mobile antenna.
Major sources of loss in an indoor antenna in-
stallation ate the electrical wiring and other
conductors present la the near field of the an-
tenna* Inasmuch as the Miniloop can be ro-
tated, it is possible to minimize these losses in
certain cases by rotating the antenna assembly
until the received signal strength is greatest.
This provides another advantage over more con-
ventional portable installations. — James E*
Taylor, WSOZH
REMEDY FOR SLIDING KEYS
he nonskid nature of the "Grip-Ese" jar
Topener, a 6-inch piece of thin high-
friction rubber, provides an ideal means for
preventing a bug or semiautomatic key from slid-*
ing across a table. The Grip-tise jar opener,
which is made by the Mosedale Manufacturing
Company of St. Charles, Illinois, is distributed
8 On the other hud, the loop may be eoupllns to the ao
line and picking op signals from it. — Editor.
47
 Fig. 2—Schematic diagram of a cwmonitor for the Touchcoder 1L Except as noted, capacitance values are in
Capacitors marked wffh a polarity efccfrolytic, Resrstances are in ohms* 1000. Resistors are composition,
14 watt or larger.
Li—5-H, 100-mAfilterchoke. Q* Qt—2N404.
LSi^-Small 8-ohm speaker. Gb—2N338.
Qtt Cht Qs, Q*-^2N23d?A.

CW MONITOR FOB THE TOUCHCODER D TOROZD MOUNTS

bcb Touchoodftr II 4 is » fine piece of equip-
T ment, bub it Lacks a monitor. Fig. 2 shows the
schematic of a monitor attachment I recently
designed for use with this code typar. The monitor
consist** of a 70t>-Hs twin-T audio oscillator,
gating circuitry, three audio preamplifiers, a
coraplementary^ymmetry audio output sfcager
and an 8-ohm speaker. Power for the unit is
taken from the 6.5-voit output of the Touchcoder^
[I power supply via afl-htsnrychoke, It. There
» sufficient room in the Toucthcoder*II case so
that one board cau be used to mount the con>
ponente of the power supply and the parte of the
monitor. - William W. Cri*tiand, WAiHMW
rpjBwspKONj; loading noils (88-mH toxoids)
L have becume popular with hams for building
tone generators and baud-pass filters. The prob-
lem of mounting these open-frame toxoids on a
Vectorbord can be solved by cementing each
coil to a 2-watt resistor, as is shown in Fig. 3.
Bach resistor can be secured by soldering one of
its leads to a Hea-clip terminal inserted in the
hoard. The resistors do nut affect the inductive
properties uf the toroids. — Howard Phillip*!
W0FOO

CnRCUIT-BOABD FABRICATION
kbb are two suggestions that can make the
H fabrication of circuit boards easier:
1) To clean and polish copper-clad boards
that are not heavily tarnished, wipe them with a
paste cumpoped of ordinary table salt ami vinegar.
The proportions are not critical*
3) Prior to placing a board in the etching
bath, attach about a foot-long piece of string to
the board. Let the free end of the string hang
outeide of the bath. The string provides a con-
venient handle for agitating the board and for Fig. 3—Two-watt resistors serve as circuit-board mounts
removing it from the bath without the danger of for telephone hading cotIs,
staining one's fingers. Attach the string either
by taping it to the back of the board or by thread- CLEANING CRACKLE FINISHES
ing it through a small hole drilled in an unused
area of the board and tying a loop. — Mtloin •hen crackle finishes need cleaning, try usinijj
Labourite, WSKET W ! an art-gum eraser. The eraser doesn't ap-
pear to harm the paint and the refiniahed sur
* Bryant, "Touchcoder II,1* Q&T, Jaly, 19S9. face looks like new. — Ray TrippP VESFOH

48 QST £oi
SIMPLIFIED CONSTRUCTION OF A
30-MHZ MOBILE ANTENNA LEAD TO 711 TE KYLOM SLEEVE
been getting very good results operating
ttAVjs MICA HASHER
Iportable with a modification of a mobile
TLKr WA9KOI
SNKtSf I2N&6B)
antenna described by Tilton,* The antenna is
constructed exactly r» described in the article, SOLDCBU*
LAT WA9HEIV
except that $£-inch conduit is used for the mast, NtCA WA9HKR CASE a HEAT SINK
and a conduit coupling is used for the center
fitting. This arrangement has the advantage of FtQ. 5—Tb« imtallertion of a flat washer between the
being much easier to construct; in particular, the serrated sofder lug and the mica washer on each 2N2156
junction between the antenna and the mast in- in the Drake DC-4 prevents the mkafrombeing damaged
volves no machining beyond the drilling of two during periods of physical shock*
holes in the conduit coupling, as is shown in Fig.
4, Additional advantages are that RG-G8/U can
be used instead of the smaller coaxial cable used each 2N2156. Under mobile vibration conditions
by Tilton, the must can be made in a number of the Her ratio ns had fractured one of the mica
segments and easily coupled using »tandard washers, shorting to ground the transistor col-
hardware, and conduit is less expensive (approxi- lector, and the primacy of 7*g, and T\. In addition
mately $1 for a ten-foot section) than aluminum there was no evidence of silicone grease between
tubing, — Robert O. Woods, K&VEP the transistor case and the mica washer or be-
tween the mica washer and the heat sink.
The solution consisted of three steps:
vmrrc metal rctttt 1) Replacement of the mica washers that were
CONDUr GOUPUHtf next to the serrated solder lugs.
MODIFIED 91 DRILUN* 2) Installation of a Hat washer between each
TWO HOLES FOR
ANTENNA CfcKTEft serrated solder lug and its adjacent mica washer,
SECTIOM
as shown in Fig. 6.
CONDUIT COU PL IN
sencw REPLACED 3) Application of "a film of silicone grease be-
WITH A LONGER
ONE TO TTND
tween the transistors and the mica washers and
ANTENNA between the mica washers and the heat sink*
IRM8/U) I went one step further and replaced each
STT 9CREV 2N35156 with a 2N2158, which is the top transistor
TO BHD MAST in the series of power transistors to which these
TO COUPLM units belong. Whereas the ftKcno, BVaxm$
HAST iMTCOHMTl
BVceo and BVjlbo ratings of the 2N2156 are,
respectively, 45, 45, 30 and 25 volts, the BVcsot
BVq^ BVqeo and JJKebo ratings of the
2N215S are, respectively, 75, 75, 60 and 40
volts. With the 2N2158& installed in the power
Fig. 4—Modified portion of mobile antenna. supply, the DC-4 runs cool and there have been
no further failures.
DRAKE DC-4 POWER SUPPLY I am indebted to Ralph Ponce de Leon,
Manager IC Facility, MotorolsrSoottsdale, for
f t e r about 30 hours of mobile operation, my the assistance of the Failure Analysis Lab in
A Drake DCM mobile power supply began to establishing the failure mode of the power
burn out 2N215Q transistors. Two replacement supply. — A. -4. Zimmerman, K 4 H P F / 6
jobs by two different Drake-authorized service
facilities resulted in only a few hours of operation ANOTHER METHOD OF STARTING
before the next failure. MACHINE NUTS
Since the Motorola 2N215& used in the DC-4 rak across an item the other day which should
have a junction-temperature rating of 110 degrees
ceutigrade, and since their heat sink never reached
I prove of interest to those who build or service
fingeivburmng temperature, it seemed reasonable their own gear. It is merely another method of
to assume that the problem was not heat. Not starting machine nuts in inaccessible places, but
being able to come up with a solution, 1 took it seems to work as good or better than any other
advantage of a business trip to Scottsdale to get well-known way.
Motorola's opinion of the problem. Teste by To apply the idea, a piece of solder is laid
Motorola's Failure Analysis Lab Indicated that across the nnfc and given a slight tap with a
there were two problems: overheating and a hammer. This drives the solder into the hole
coUector-to-base-to-emitter {used-metal short and against the threads, holding the nut securely.
(different transistors). A careful examination of The screw is then started in from the opposite
the DC-4 assembly revealed that the manufac- side of the nut After the screw has atarted, the
turer had used a heavy serrated solder tug in snider may be released by giving it a slight pulL
direct contact with the inside mica washer on This method has been used with various sues
* Tilton, Ktfeat&r>-Mo. Mobile Antenna," QST~ May, of nuts up to and including the 1-inch type. It
L9Q& Also, Mobil* Manual, IV edition, page 130, and worked equally well in all oases. — Robert B.
V M J . Manual, Chapter 9. Walker, W8MIH

February 1970 49

J e c h n i c a ^ ^
orrespondence
DETERMZNINO ANTENNA GAIN BY
FORMULA
Technical Editor, QST:
WflKPC's excellent article, "OulJmear Yagi Quar-
tet,"1 contained considerable text and footnote
material which highlighted tlie difficulty i>f accu-
rately determining the ©tin of ati anteuna over a
reference half-wave dipole.
The method used involved a receiver and trans-
mitter, S-meter readings, a preriiriori decade attenu-
ator, and directional adjustment of the antenna to
obtain a table of attenuation in dB. Thin table was
converted to a table of volts vs. angle, and eventu-
ally this WM plotted to give afield-strengthdiagram.
The editor, using WfeKPO's final figure of 28
degrees beam width, arrived at a gain over a dipole
of 13.66 dB, according to Jasik's Antenna Engi-
neering Handbook, and a gain over a dipole of
14.96 dB according to Lindsay in "Quads and
Vagis/' QST, May, 1968.
Not only is the method cumbersome* but its
accuracy is limited by the human element, the
dependability of the transmitter and receiver, the
correctness of the S meter (and particularly it*
linearity)* the prwcialon of the decade attenuator,
the accuracy of the various tables used, and topo-
graphical and weather factors.
Here at a leading antenna manufacturer we use a
mathematical formula to determine the maximum
forward gain of a Vagi antenna. Only two facts are
needed: the number of elements, and the average
spacing. This formula was first presented in OQ,
May, 1056, titled, "Calculating Beam Gain—The
(VV) Einstein Theory,"* a slightly humorous title
for a' serious formula.
Basically! the formula reads: <?p = IS +
|2f(l + H)]f where Gp is the power ratio gain over a
reference half-wave dipole; £ fa the number of
elements; and 8 is the average wavelengths spacing
between elements.
Applying this formula to the WfiKPC array,
which uses 24 elements and a spacing of (1.15
wavelengths (60 inches between elements and
various operating frequencies), we obtain a final
figure nf — 51.6, which converts to a decibel gain
of 17,126 over a reference dipole*
This 17.126-dB figure represents the maximum
powsihle gain under ideal conditions, i,e., 1 il SWR
and mounting of the antenna at maximum effective
height away from surrounding objects, as well as
absence of transmission line losaes, balun losses,
and any other extraneous losses. Thus we can see
that WBKPC's measured gain, plus all louses
encountered in a real antenna as just mentioned,
would very closely approach the maximum gain
possible.
The beauty of the formula is not only in its
simplicity, but that it rau be used before construc-
tion as a design guide to achieve any denired results.
t Clement, "The Unilinear Vagi Quartet," Q5T, Novem-
ber, 1060.
•Thereferencedarticle wu mitten by Weinsteiru—
Editor,
50
Now, if you are toying with, the idea of a really BIG
antenna, say 237 elements, all you need is a pencil
and paper. You can eliminate the big hill for mate-
rials, the big construction and installation job, and
the monster looming over the shack, — Bob IVein-
tfritt, KtfCXR (w-H'WAF),
Terrace, Opa Locka, FL 33054.
1805 N.W. 1*7
'S A NOISY WORLD
Technical Editor, QST:
The article, "Atmospheric Noise and Receiver
Sensitivity", by W7IV, warrants a note of appreci-
ation.* Receiver designers have been breaking their
backs to come up with a receiver that outshines
all others under ideal laboratory to*I conditions.
They have "souped up" the receivers with low-
nuise, high-gain rf amplifiers which, in most cases,
merely compound intennoduiation and cross modur
lation problems.
As pointed out by Mr. ilyder, receivers operating
below 30 MHa are performance-limited by atmo-
spheric and man-made note. So why not design
the receiver front end to provide optimum perfor-
mance under these actual, realistic conditions?
Having been involved with the design and ap-
plication of double balanced diode mixers, my
experience shows that they can provide noise figures
below 30 Mils of, typically, 5 to 6 dB. Mr. Hyder
shows that this is better than needed for a receiver
operating under realistic conditions in the hf bands.
Therefore with proper design and today's tech-
nology and-device capability, the receiver designer
can and should eliminate the rf amplifier and its
attendant problems and use a passive mixer which
can provide very high dynamic ranges with excellent
overload, cross-modulation and intennoduiation
characteristics.
I hope Mr, Liyder's fine article will cause receiver
designers to realtae that it's a "noiity" world
outride the laboratory test bench.— William Beu,
WAffNCT, m Church $Cre*it Mountain View, CA
0400.
MODERN FILTER DESIGN*
Technical Editor, Qti'C;
Regarding the very useful series of fitter articles
by W3NQN4*4 ami specifically the appendix
to the September 1969 article, it is recognised that
W3NQN was acknowledging his sources only. But
for individuals wanting more Filter information after
mastering Geffe's tiimplijied iforfarn Filler Design,
A* L Zeverev's Handbook of PUter Syntheti*, J.
Wiley* publishers, would be significantly more
useful than just a catalog of elliptical-function
filter* A reviewer's statement that Zeverev's
purpose to produce " a handbook of widespread
usefulness has been admirably accomplished1'
twins to me to be completely substantiated. This
handbook is worth the money and effort required
for purchase and effective use. — Frtd Af, McCarthy*
WA&8DJ, 4tS Momirwide Or., AT.A, Alhw
querquA* If Si 87108.
3 Kyder, "Atmospheric Noise and Receiver Sensitivity,"
ijST, November, 1060.
^Wstherbold, "An Amateur Application of Modern
Filter Design," QST. July. 1006.
4 Wetherhold. "Inductance and 0 of Modified Surplus
Toroidal Inductors/' <i*7\ Hnptember, 1UG8,
* Wetherhold, "Mndera Filter Design for the Radio
Amateur/' QSTttisptanber,Itftfc
QST for
RECEPTION OF NIMBUS III INFRARED
PICTURES
Technical Editor, Q8T;
I have recently been working on a luodifinHlirui
to Anderson'* Hatellitc receiving xynUum9 to allow
ruueption of the nighttime infrared pictures from
Nimhuw 8, The rhnay^b are far enough along to
allow the copying of piuturKn; one is nhown in Fig; 1.
I think theae are the heat yet; the detail i* great* If
i oil will look rtobHy you can we all the nctjor river*
in the guutheaut United The warm water
whoWd up m darlc when compared with the cooler
Jand and cloucU.
The picture iw made by cU'anniT>g the earth every
IM f r o n d s a» the Nimbus ^iairerraft prucerd*
from the north to the mjuMi on itu nighttime orbit.
A» the infrared nenaor scan* the earth, heat, radia-
tion hhows up at* a dark area and cold nhows ui> n#
white. The picture is wnt bn«pk to earth line by line,
;iH in the video system, exuept thnt hu IK swiHur
j* used inntp-iid of a ctimpra tube. The urait rate in pOHsibly be improved with a combination native
one line every refunds* inr»teHil »t ft»tr lines a
? XrhWeon, ' Amateur deception of Wnath^r ti»ti*UU&
I'iatiife Tmnwnissiona," f&Tf November, IVG5.
1 .- T"T — - — -I. rT-"f --
? r-1 .... V..y -I ' .
; - jl'v w--
... 'v. •:- s.
Fig. 1—Weather satellite photo from Infrared scanner
aboard Nimbus 111 spacecraft, taken Nov, 14, 1969. The
Gulf of Mexico It vtuble near the bottom of the picture,
and the Great Lakes, partially covered by clouds*
are seen at the top.
Feedback
One of our alert readers points out that it in not
possible to Kiruultaneoutdy Lmnsmit ;\1 and Kl
emwfeion (lai&t parngmph,l'erfect Morae Code from
Teletype T a ] » — InexpetiKivftly>** Movember,
lti60ri. A more accurate description of the keying
which can result U that the cur and the frequency-
shift keying modea are mxperimposed. Au WBtGTS
states, the transmitter would tinst be amplitude
February 1970
beimnd a^ in the daytime pictures (240 rpm dram
apeed vcrsua rpm for nighttime).
The change* to Anderson1* consist of
replacing the drum motor £240 rpm) with » 48 rpm
inutnr, and a traverse motor dictated by the cirvum-
ferenoe irf the drum used. Readjustment of the
amount of light, striking the film id also rerjuiml due
to the hlower w?an rate.
Due to the nutkeup of the scanner, the picture
portion of the wan ocpttpiea only J g of the complete
PiCiui line, bo the larger the drum the better. A
314-mch diamet«r drum is U6ed here at VV4TNT
yk-lding an eleven-inch pk'iure of which inches
contains picture information. — A nhrey Burtnny
WjTXT, t/ofXJ Hanntvr Ai^Sickjnond, IM &H36'.
ACTIVE FILTER IN DIRECT-CONVERSION
RECEIVERS
Technical Editor, QfiT:
After rending the article, 11 The D.C. 80-10
itoceiver,"* it nnmrred to me that the design could
low-pa** filter and audio amplifier using an
integratod-Hrnut ofjerational amplifier auch as
the KCA OA3U2H which «<lla for about I
obtained the specific design from a recent isaue of
The blU'clrvnic iimiin^r19 and have uaed it success-
fully in instrumentation upplicaxiona. The circuit
of Fig, li i* h two-pole Butterworth filter, which
should l>e adequate to allow reception if / c is about
1 kTTi. Although 1 have uwd the circuit only a* a
unity-gain filter, I believe that voltage amplification
i* available if I l » H / , This circuit, or a mutable
moditied one, might very well then replace the origi-
nal toroid filters and the translator amplifier.—
itihe HoipcUp WBHDVT, Pwrf S*^ Onfortl,
Ml, j.sW/T/.
• DeMaw, "The D.0, 80-10 Jtoceiver," q a r . May. 1969
J*hilbnek/NexMH Rp«»svrch. Operational Amplifier Ap-
plication Cliart (ptdloiit), The Electronictingitwer,June,
I960,
B1 R
rw0—VW-P—Vv\
1
OUT
OPERATIONAL
ANPLlfEH
/T7
Fl^ 2— Active tow-pau filter. The cutoff frequency
fc-ff-«Bi - Ci = 0.471C and C2 - 2.12C
2 rKC
For unity gain, R' * R; for high gam, R » R^ Typical
values for f o 1 kHz and a gain of 25 are;
ohm*. Cl—0.005 ^
R— 15r000 ohms. Cb—0.02 ^F,
keyed, then frequency-shift keyed while the ampli-
tude keying of the transmitter correapoiida to the
key-duwu coadition.
The Post Office Department promise* faster mail
service with the new Zip codes. Use your* when you
ivrjte LetiKiie Headquarters. Use ourar too. It'a
U01I1.
51
 ^Recent Equipment ^
> a c q u a i n t y o u w i t h - t h e t&&mioat
Lafayette HA-800 Receiver
ne of several new communicationu receivers
O to appear on the U.S. market in the last
few months is the Lafayette HA-800, The HA-800
is a six-band solid-state dual-conversion super*
heterodyne that tunes all the ham frequencies
between 3.5 and 54 MFfis.
Three JFEIfe, fourteen bipolar transistor* and
seven semiconductor diode* are used lu the
receiver, which measure* 15 X X inches
and weighs 16 pounds. A diode detector i* used
for it^m reception, and a tunable BFO and a
transistor product detector are employed for
receiving cw and ssb signals. Among the rwieiv^
er's features are a lOG-kHifi crystal calibrator {the
crystal is not furnished J, two ceramic i-f filters,
Hgc, an H meter, an antenna trimmer, ail a-tn
noise limiter, a diai-calibration control, tut output
jack for making tape recordings, and a built-in
power supply that luw* a Zener-refcrenced
transistor scries regulator. The receiver can be
operated from either 115 volts ac or 12 volts do*
Circuit Details
A block diagram of the HA-800 is shown in
Fig. and a partial schematic of the set.'* rf
stages, second mixer, first irf amplifier, and age
system is shown in Fig. 2. deferring to Fig. 2, Ctmf
Lto and Cm form a high-pass filter, which
presumably ha* a cut-off frequency just below
3.5 Mils, and 0%** and form a series-tuned
trap at thefirsti-f (2.608 MHs j. Rf amplification
is accomplished by Q%oi and <?in* in a cascode
configuration. Neutralisation is nut employed to
52
features of c u r r e n t
stabilize th* front-end; instead, a small resistance,
#ioii is used between Mm tuned input circuit,
L\Cu and the gate of Qm- With tim in place,
there are no signs of instability in the rf stages.
To determine the iterator's usefulness we placed
a temporary short across tfioi; as expected, all
tforte of oscillations were generated.
Referring to Fig. 1, the ham-band output of
Qiat is capacitively couplcd to the gate of a JFET
muter, Qim, Arriving at the Hiiurce of Qm is
the output of l } m , a JFET VFO. Qjm, operating
iti a Hartley configuration, tunes from 0.108 to
tf.H0S MIfi for 80 meters, 9.608 to 9Mm Mils
for 40 meters, 11.392 to 11,742 Mils for 'JO
meters, 18.392 to IKKXt Mil* for 15 meters,
2&jm to 27.092 MIIz for 10 meters, and 47.392
to 51.392 Mils for 6 meters. The drain supply
for Qm is regulated by a Zeuer diode.
The 2.608-MIIz output of Qm is transformer-
coupled to the ba»e of a bipolar mixer, Qios. Also
arriving at the base of Otw ia the rf output of a
2.153-MHz crystal ORrillator, Qm- The 455-kiiz
output of Qi06 amplified by two i-f stages, Q\
and Qj. A ceramic filter is iiued between the out-
put transformer of and the input transformer
of (J\t and another ceramic filter is used between
the output transformer of Qi and the input
transformer of Qi* Thesefiltersprovide a selectiv-
ity rated at plua-or-niinus 2 kits at —6 dB and
plus-or-minus 6 kHz at — 60 dB.
Depending on the position of the function
switch, the output of Qt is fed to one of two
detectors. In the am position a 18446
germanium
diode, Cli%9 rectifies the incoming i-f signal. When
the set's a.nl switch is in the o w position, the
Top view of the receiver* Qioi through Q i u ore located
on the circuit board at the faff, and Qi through Os are
located on the circuit board in the lower right corner.
Qr and Qa are just to the left of the latter board. Along
the back of the chassis, from left to right, are the antenna
terminal strip, the shorting plug, a plate covering the
12-volt dc terminal strip, the pilot light switch, the tape
output phono |ackr the audio output terminal strip, the
fuse holder, end the line cord.
QST for
 Hg. 1—Block dldgram of the HAP800.
audio resulting from the detention process is fed
to the base of the first audio amplifier, Qt.
However, when the ANL switch IS in the ON
position, the audio output of CR2 must pass
through a conventional carrier-operated, series-
type anl circuit before going to Q\„ In the BSB OW
position of the FUNCTION switch, the output of
Qi & collector transformer is capacitively coupled
to the euiitter of a transistor product detector,
Qtto. Carrier injection to the base of n* is
provided by a tunable BFO, <?», which has a
range of 452.5 to 457,5 kHz. M with the a^m
circuits, the audio output of J&oe in fed to
Pour transistors are used in the threwftage
audio channel. A potentiometer, fla, in the base
lead of Qt serves as the volume control, d e -
coupling is used between Qi and the second audio
amplifier, Q*. The output of (ft is transformer-
coupled to the audio output stages, Qi and
an<i capacitively coupled to a phono jack on tlie
rear of the set. The phono jack connection it*
provided for those who wish to make tape
recordings of received signals. Qi and which
are operated in Clara B push-pull, are series-
connected in an arrangement that requires no
output transformer. Thermistors stabilise the
bias on these transistors, and negative feedback
minimizes distortion. A 200-JKF capacitor is used
to feed the 8-ohm output of QT and Qn to a
terminal strip on the back of the set and to a
elosed-rirmiit phone jack on the front of the
receiver. The capacitor is also employed to
drive the primary of a step-up transformer,
which in turn is used to provide 500-ohm output
at the same terminal strip. Inserting a phone plug
in the plume jack disables the 8-ohm connection
at the terminal atrip, but Leaves the 500-ohm
connection intact. This arrangement enables
the operator to shut off an 8-ohm speaker con-
nected to the terminal strip by plugging a pair
February 1970
of headphone* in the phone jack. The audio out-
put is rated at a maximum of 1 watt
The HA-WU has a dual age system. Referring
to Fig. 2, there are two age rectifiers: CRt9 which
is also the ar-m detector, and C7?j. When a signal
appears across the secondary of 7s, it is rectified
by and CRu As a result of this action, a
negative dc voltage is developed from the anode
of CRt to ground, and a positive dc voltage is
developed from the cathode of CRi to gmund.
The negative voltage reduces the forward bias
applied to Qm and Qi, thereby reducing the gam
of these two stages. The positive voltage, if it
is of sufficient- amplitude, forward biases Q^oi into
conduction. Q?M then draws collector current
through ftsos and This increase* the voltage
drop across /froii thereby decreasing the forwattl
bias applied to Qjn* and reducing the gain of the
amplifier. R\, the rf gain control, is used to manu-
ally vary the gain of (Jm- The positive voltage
just mentioned above has an additional function.
It is used to drive the receiver's S meter.
Once again referring to Fig. 1, the receiver has
a built-in 100-kHz crystal calibrator, Qim. (As
mentioned earlier, the crystal is not supplied
with the set.) The output of Qm is capacitively
coupled to the gate of Qioi. If <operation of the
calibrator indicate* that the tuning dial is out of
calibration, the situation can be corrected by
adjusting a front-panel-mounted variable capar-
citor, which is in parallel with the oscillator
section of the main tuning capacitor.
For ac operation of the receiver, a step-down
transformer is used to feed a full-wave semicon-
ductor rectifier. This is followed by a pi-section
filter aud a tratisistor series regulator with a
Zener diode reference element. Dc for Qi and
QB is token from the output of the filter while dc
for the rest of the receiver is taken from the out-
put of the series regulator. For safety a 1-ampere
53
 EXCfPT AS W«CATtD> DECWAL VAlDfiS OT
CMC1TMCC AAR IN MICflQnUUM I JiM ;
OTHERS A8E IN PICOFARADS * pP MFft
HESISTANCE5 ABt ft OHM', k« IOOO,
Hg. 2—A partial schematic of the front end, age system, and S-meter drcirft of the HA»80& For clarity no switching
tiC1
circuits ore Included. The component designator which ore used for text reference, are those of the manufacturer.
andItCsCoos form tuned drcuits that are resonant in the BQ-meter band. For operation an the other bands, dif-
ferent coils are used In place of it and I7, and different capacitors are used in place of Cxo*.
film is wired in Keries with one wide uf the trans-
former primary.
Battery operation of the set is accomplished by
feeding 12 volts dc t<o the input of the pi filter.
In order to accomplish this, it ia rieeedaary to
remow a protective cover plate from a terminal
atrip at the rear of the receiver, and connect a
suitable battery cable to the terminal*. T o keep
battery drain at a minimum, a m r - p a n e l -
mounted switch in provided m that the user of an
IT A-800 can turn off the pilot lights (during dc
operation only).
For thoge who wish to uise the HA-^HUO with a
transmitter, a rumutjs socket 1* provided at the
rear of the net. B y removing a jumper plug from
this socket and b y making the appropriate con-
nection* to a transmitter that has provisions for
receiver switching, a transmitter control can he
used to put the reraiver in standby or rer-eivu.
When the HA^SOO is put in standby b y this
method, B-plus voltage iy removed from transit
tors Q M through Qm*.
Mechanical Details
T h e H A-800 appeal* to he mechanically
adequate for fixed-atatiun operation. However,
the HA-800 should probably not be used in a
mobile installation, since lifting the front panel
and dropping it a few infhes to simulate mobile
conditions does cause readable .TiO-MHa ssb
signals to become unreadable. M o s t of the com-
ponents in tlie TIA-800 are mounted on two
prlnted-circuit boards. Part identification is
54
easy, as the boards are well labeled. Because
there in little crowding of components in the
HA<*800, servicing the rfnt who old not be too
difficult.
T h e ttfrin^driven main tuning dial appear* to
have mtgfigible haflklash, On the face of the ulide-
rule dial, calibration marks are provided every
10 kHz oti «U, 40, 2U and 15 meters, every 50
klle on 10 meters, and every 2A0 k f l a on tf
meters, A 0 to 100 logging scale! which is marked
off irt 100 divisions, is also provided on the dial,
it take* one turn of the tuning knob to ixiver
between 40 and GO k H z of the H0-, 40-, UU- and
lft-uieter bands, about 180 kHz of the 10-meter
band, and about A00 kHz of the 6-meter band.
T h e input circuit of i^ftnt k tuned by a front-
panel a n t t r i m irontroi. For optimum reception
the operator must rcpeak thin rnntrol, which is a
directly-driven capacitor, when he moves from
one part nf the baud to another.
Instruction Manual
The HA-800 instruction manual contains the
receiver Kpedficat ion», a general description of the
unit, installation d e t a i l , antenna rerommcudar
(ions, operating iu&tructiona, an alignment proce-
dure, schematic and block diagrams, and two
drawing* that nhow the locations of alt major
component*. Unfortunately, there are 110 voltage
or resitttance chart** in the manual, and there ia
no parts list. T w o errors of note appear in the
manual. One is a statement that the A l l l i L is
locatod in West Hartford, Conn. T h e other i* a
QST for
statement that for lower sideband reception the
RTO pitch control should be set on one side of the
455-kHz second i-f, and for upper wideband
reception the BFO pitch control should be set
on the other side of the 455-kHz second i-f,
Actually, because of the mixing scheme* used in
the receiver, the BFO should be set at one spot —
about J-5 kHz on the low side of the second i-f —
for optimum reception of the particular sideband
most commonly used on each band; that is,
lower sideband on f$0 and 40 meter*, and upper
sideband on 20r 15, 10 and 6 meters. Once the
correct netting of t he BFU pitch control has been
found for any ssb signal, the control should be
left alone. It is only necessary to remember that
the fmnt^panel BFO pitch-control Labels — UHB
and USB — don't mean what they infer.
Performance
Teste of an HA-8U0 in the A U U L lab showed
that tlie receiver met or exceeded all of Ihe
manufacturer's specifications, except the one
for image rejection on 6 meters. For a 10-dB
8 + N/N ratio the receiver we checked had a
sensitivity of approximately 0.3 MV OH 80, 40, 20,
15 and 10 meters, and approximately 0.0 /*V
on ft meter*. In on-tho-uir checks from three
locations the set didn't seem to have any cross-
modulation difficulties or overloading problem*
with normal signal levels. However, when the
lab signal generator was used to pump a 1500-pV
3,75-Mite signal into the set-, nineteen spurious
signals, which weren't preseut when the
SJfnMHs input was at 100 pV, appeared on r-he
receiver dial. On 40 meters it took a 3000-nV
signal at 7.15 MHa produce sixteen spurious
signal* in the band, and on 20 meters it took a
3000-MV signal at 14.175 M H z to produce ten
spurious signals ii the band. On 15, 10 and 6
meters it took v *ry large signals to cause any
problems. Whether or not 1000- to U()00-/iV
signals will normally be encountered is hard to
• r » " t M
JS M^...^.:!^!^:
Undsrtad* view of th* HA-800. Qioi through Qmn are
connected fo th» circuit board at the left, and Q i through
OB are mounted on the reverse tide of the circuit board
at the top of the photo. Just to the left of center are the
input coils for Qioi, the output eoils for Qios* and the
osdllator cotli for Qi<K.
February 1970
L a f a y e t t e HJU800 R e c e i v e r
Height: 8% inches*
Width; 15 inchcM.
Ilepth; inches.
Weight: 16 poitrnls.
Power Requirements: 105-120 volts,
50/60 Hz, 8.5 waits, or 12 volte dc, 6.8
watts.
PricedwnvflSO.
Distributor: l<afayet If Kadio l>1«c-
tronicik, 111 Jericho Turnpike, Syoasot,
I*Miff Island, Mew York 11791.
say. Backing off the if gain control won't help
very much, rince the first rf amplifier always
runs wide open, Of course, an input attenuator or
a lower-gain antenna will help if strnng signals
cause difficulties The testa we made seem to
indicate that the IIA-HOO will be clean unless
anuther ham is transmitting (on the same band
the receiver iH tuned to) in clone proximity to
the set.
Varying ihe A . N T T R I M control earned a maxi-
mum shift of about 1500 I f * at 50 MTTa, aud
varying the R F U A I N control caused a maximum
shift uf about 500 Ilz at the name frequency.
Varying the- strength of a loud signal with the
volume ountrol resulted in a maximum shift of
about 500 Hss at T>0 MHs. Although drift wasn't
too noticeable on the lower hands, it was large
enough to make nab o>py difficult on 6 meters.
By offsetting the BFO frequency from the
center « f the rfmuid it wan possible to obtain
fairly-good single-signal reception.
Only one internally-developed spurious signal
was found iu the HA-800. It in at approximately
3.62 M f lz and is equivalent to a 0.1-^V signal at
the antenna terminals. At this level the signal
poses no problems, Ot\ the bands below (0 meters,
spurious responses (including image*} were down
a minimum of 52 dB below an equivalent signal
of O.i itV on the desired frequency, Ou 10 meters
the image was down 45 dB, and on 6 meters the
image was down 26 dB.
On 80 through 10 meters the receiver required
about a 1-pV signal for an SI reading, an 85-/iV
signal for an 89 reading, and a Hignal of 4000 pV
or greater for a 30 dB over S9 reading. On 6
meters it took ft 4-MV sigmd for an HI reading,
a 500-pV signal for an S9 reading, and a 3600*0'V
signal for a 30 dB over reading.
The builtrin calibrator provided good strong
markers on tho 80* through 15-meter bands,
flowevftr, tho markers were weak on 10 meter*
and inaudible on most of the 6-meter band.
Zeitiing the low end nf each band against the
output of the calibrator indicated that some of
the other calibration marks were off as much as
9 kH* on the SO- through IJwneLer bands, and
50 klla cm 10 meters. The calibrator output
couldn't be used to make any positive checks ou
ft meters. — WlYD8
55
 In the Public Intevest, Convenience,Necessity MUM
CONDUCTED BY GEORGE HART,* OT1NJM
Reporting Emergencies
ading tbrmirfi the tremendous volume of
W reports on Hurricane CiunUle, categorizing
them, evaluating Ihern, coordinating them,
paraphrasing nr rephrasing some of them and
making ruto that the activity was covered from,
all pofttible amateur radio angles for Iwt. month'*
QST writeup wus a tremendous job. It nlways is.
Arid now that the article has appeared, thorn will
no doubt be a number of items in
the "Diary" which will correct errors, present-
jlotoworthy *upplementary fjwts and include
additional reports which were not smt. in pre-
viously, until the writeup "reminded" someone.
Following the Alaska earthquake disaster of
Ittlfrl, the last one of comparable size, supple-
mentary reports were received for seven months.
As usual, the conclusion to be drawn is that
"there oughta be a better way to do i t " Iteport-
inn emergency operation is of great importance,
arid doing it properly helps get the facta into
QST for tiie chronicle »f amateur radio public
service quickly and accurately- Of course, QST
is not a newspaper, and the det&ilA of an emer-
gency operation appearing therein are not 11 news'1
by any chronological standard. On the other
hand, this should be the one place where all the
facts (or as many of them as available) on public
service activities by amateurs are recorded
for posterity. From these records alone we should
be able to make a strong case for the perpetuation
of amateur radio an a service to the publicr the
nations and the world.
Yes, that's how important it is; and being that
important, it wetm fitting that the e m e r g e n c y
reporting apparatus should be organized and
standard as the preparation for emergency com-
munication itself. Yet in emergency after
emergency the reports first trickle in, then noiue
in a Hood, then diminish to a dribble and finally
cease altogether, until the QHT write up appears.
Then oome the supplementary report* anil the
corrections.
In an emergency as widespread in lis effect as
Camille, it is inevitable that report* of participa-
tion will vary hi length, detail, legibility, coher-
e n t and conciseness. But it would be most
helpful if eru& report pinpointed itself as to date,
time, locale and personnel. ARAL Form 35
(OlMW) was devised for this purpose and is
available to anyone for the asking. It. is a con-
venient method of setting forth the essential
* Communications Manager, AREiL.
56
basic information above while it gives all possible
leeway for including whatever details are felt
germane. Kven if the form is unusable for a
particular r e p o r t because uf the amount of detail
the reporter wishes to give, its Format nan be
followed.
Hut this is only one part of the problem. There
am two additional matters which should be
mentioned along this line. One i« the desirability
fur centralization of reports to avoid the collec-
tion at the headquarters level of confusing clouds
of reports from individuals to their particular
experiences, The other is the u d o s u and "do
note" of reporting w such.
Mo&t individual participatets in emergency
operations are in nets or AUH1C ur RACKS
groups, and can depend on their leaders to make
the report.. Quite a few, however, especially iri
Camille, im> freelancers, nr "loners" who fre-
quently do not get reported at all and who occa-
sionally complain loudly, after the writeup
apjiears, that they wwh left out. While organized
operation is certainly to be encouraged, the
freelancer also serves and should be reoogtrized —
especially if he performs a useful or valuable
function which otherwise might not have been
done. What kind of centralization could be set up
to make sure that such reports would bo available
for the QST catch-all writeup?
Well, the 8CM-appoitited emergency coordina-
tor is supposed to he in charge of all emergency
urgailigation within his area of jurisdiction. This
includes collection of data and submission of
reports. Note we say in charge, nut tiiat he has
to do it himself necessarily. In a small AREC
group, he may well do so, but in larger groups the
KC often delegates specialized functions to his
designated flKsiatant EGs; writing up an emer-
gency report could be one of them, if someone
with better t h a n average ability in this respect i*
available. Hut centralization need not cud there.
The HOWL is in charge of Jill operating administrar-
t.ioiL in the section and oould well be the central-
izing point for emergency report summaries
of KC5s in a widespread emergency such as
Camille. Similarly, he can delegate this function
to his KtiG, ur to ati assistant SCM If one can be
found with the requisite qualittcationa.
The importiaut poitii is to make sure the ama-
teur radio story is complete for our journal Most
magazines, if they print anything on the subject
at all, treat some particular aspect of it, ur one
prominent participant's viewpoint, or something
sensational or glamorous. But QST** treatment,
QST far
 like everything eke in the magazine, is a mem-
bership effort for the benefit <tf the membership.
W e want the whole story, the amateur story.
And that brinjpj up another point. Communica-
tion fa uiily one uf the neceswitien in an emergency
situation, such aa CumiHe. An important one,
to be sure, perhaps the must important, hut still
only one of many, Arui communication by ama-
teurs in only a part of the overall cominutucations
necessities — again, perhaps the tnost important,
but still only one part. T h e extent to which it is
the must important part depend* entirely on
how we amateurs execute it, aud this in turn
depends on how well organized and disciplined
we are. In presenting our material, we can leave
descriptive details of the general emergency
situation to the newspapers, broadcast (stations
and general reader magazines. In QST, we are
talking about amateurs and what they did. So,
while a paragraph or two describing the general
picture can be uf some benefit to "aet the scene/'
the details of tire amount of damage inflicted,
number of people killed, hurt or homeless ami in
general activities by non-radio people or turn-
amateur radio people are incidental, secondary
and for the most part useless For our write up.
On the other hand, nil the details of what the
amateurs did should be included — yes, even
the call letter* of all participants. W e want nut.
only what was dune, but who did it, and as
many direct references between the what arid
who as possible.
The completeness and conciseness oF the ulti-
mate QST report starts in the field, at the in-
dividual levels, funnels into local leaders, section
leaders and finally lo headquarters. When It.
reaches that last cotisolidating point, it should
already have started to congeal. Yes, there
ought to lie a bet I or way of doing it than to have
to plow through hundreds uf disconnected in-
dividual reports.
£<iatCARS
The East Co&ht Amateur Radio Service (Kant-
OARS) operates almost continuously on 7255 kila.
It is a good and worthwhile operation* maturing
rapidly, well disciplined ami acquiring more reitpect
from the general operating fraternity an time Kuea
on. We had an opportunity to participate personally
during a recent mobile trip. Monitor control ( M O )
is on a voluntary basis: that is, a particular station
will auKUtue control find keep it at* long as he cant
then a»k to be relieved; almost invariably, one uf the
otherfttationvten the frequency takes it. The opera-
timi in clipped, rapid, sometimes intense, apparently
efficient, but at the *ame time it has an informal
tinge which make** it attractive. Casual stations
occasionally causing problems Are contacted and
diplomatically a&ked to join the group or move off
slightly. We estimate that during any particular
period of time there may he ten times HM many
Operator* monitoring the frequency an actually
transmitting on it.
This makes for a most deairable Mtuafion. For
example-, suppose you are monitoring and hear some-
one check in with whom you particularly would
like to bpeak. A t a break in operation, you y 7VSH klls if you are in the vnxt midwest. Let the
"cout&ct" and monitor control will probably tell
you to go ahead* You then call your friend, arrange
February 1970
Fourteen member* of the Cedar Valley ARC of Cedar
Rapid* Iowa, aided the local police in patrolling the
tfreeti on Halloween. K0OUU was operated by WA0UKG
(left) and K 0 V Q M while Captain Arthur
Zimmerman observed,
an off-frequency spot, tell MO the frequency is
clear and off you jgo. The whole procedure takes
about ten &eruuda, after which the iiuHiueHH of the
service may proceed. Perhaps someone will vheck
in requeuing a M two-way M (phone patch 1 with
Philadelphia, M l ! may already have a station
{standing by for this purpose. [f not, he will a&k for a
volunteer. If none, the requesting vttation u aaked
to ntaud by, ami during aubsequent interval* M C
will request a iMiiladelphia htatinrt, along with any
others on the lint. A mobile may a*k for weather
conditions ab hit* destination, Htationa check in and
are recorded iu the log as being available for one
way {message relay, hy telephone without patch)
or two w;iy (patch) or mobile bervire. usually stating;
how lontf they will he in and checking out when
leaving. When things are quiet, M C requests check-
ing firat hy mohilea, then by fused fltationa.
While without personal experience, we know that
MidCAflS operate* on 7258 k I la and Webt<!AUSon
7255 klls iu much the same manner and probably
with w e n mure expericnue, since each of thene
groups predates KastCAliS,
These monitor nervice net& were not promulgated
and are not gponwirftd hy AttliL, Their net controls
(monitor controls) arc sot aligned hy any A U U L
official, their procedure* not jet down ju A K l t L
literature, Vet they are mo*t worthwhile M h a* to
uervices daily being [>erformed and for their con-
siderable potential for amateur public? bervice in
emergent™, large and umalL And they repretient
the culmination nf many years of effort utt the part
of your headquarter* to sponsor similar service
frequencies on each of the amateur hand*. 11 They
uaid it couldn't be done/* hut what could not be
accomplished hy organisational meana iu finally
being accomplished hy independent arid yputitan-
eoua means, at leant on 4U-meter phone. If yuu are
equipped to operate 40 phone (?ven a-m), keep
your r w i v e r tuned to 7255 kiln if you are iu the
eastern or far western part of the country, and to
MC (monitor control) know that you are monitor*
ing and how long you'll be around, what serviced
57
(if any) you need or could use, what services you
are capable of providing, then eland by. When
M C changes hands, report 111 again the same way.
When you leave, check out. Yuu'U get the hang of it,
just listening in, aa we did. On a lonely trip, you'll
have lots of company, be able to contribute an
occasional service and have a whole netful of as-
sistance in case you need help, Of an eveniujc work-
ing on a project in your sfiauk, you'll enjoy moni-
toring and making yourself available if someone
needs help you can give. Try it.
Anybody for similar monitoring services on 80
and 201— WISJM.
Thm Northern Ohio Storm
It was the Fourth of July. 1969; the holiday
traffic wan beginning to thin out aa moat people
had arrived at their destinations. In Cleveland,
the annual Festival of Freedom was taking place
at Bdgswater Park, with two hundred thousand
people observing from the land and several thousand
more from the dawn* m? small bant* on Lake Brie*
Area amateur* had gathered at the local Ked
Cross Chapter House, then left iu a wnvoy for the
park, under the direction of aiding EC KHMBV, to
provide communication* for the event. Storm
clouds were gathering in the west.
At 7 £ 0 p.m. local time a weather advisory fore-
casting thunderstorms been issued; by 7;5U this
advisory had been reissued as a turnadn warning.
Stations to the immediate went of the park were
reporting high winds estimated at 80 miles per hour.
An announwment was to Ha made over the public
address system, hut the throngs had seen the light-
ening splintering aver Lak« K m and many were
already trying to leave the area. All exit ramps were
hopelewly jammed.
K8PXR, stationed at one of the ramps* called
for help. A motorcycle policeman arrived a* the
storm hit with torrential rains and high winds that
blocked visibility. WA8IPW reported the winds
were shaking his car, then a few momenta later
called for help as several people were pinned under
a fallen tree. WA8TTO comforted a Iwt nhild and
tried to communicate with the police command post.
KtfiftL and KHV'VK watched from shore as people
tried to scramble from swamped boats »u the lake.
Communications watted while rescue* were at-
tempted. W8NI-X am! WAfcUXI noon arrived and
helped rescue more people from the swamped boats*
In Sandusky, the storm had also <*aused heavv
damage VO K80NV mobilized her AllEC group
aud a party was sent to nearby Nor walk where the
wall of the Memorial take Ueeerwiir hod crumbled.
Hooding the tuwn and cutting off the Httpply uf
drinking water. All power linen were down, so a
station using emergency power was set up at the
Ked Cross building. This station was operated for
three days around the clock by W8DIII and K8*
KWO ONV under the caU W8ZJZ.
In Millersburg, local amateurs set up the station
of WA8WQT at the Itase of a pay-TV tower, using
emergency power. A station manned by WkKFJ,
KSYDK, WAS* DVN BKQ F T X QYW and YKN
was set up in Woo*ter where mare than ten inches
uf rain hat] fallen. Stark County Civil Defense was
activated by K8i>HJ under the rail K8CML
In Tuscarawas County, over six inches of rain
had fallen. Some roads were closed, bridges were
out and many homes were damaged. The water in
the Beach City mservoir was rising so EC WA8SIIP
activated the ARfeXJ group in case the dam broke.
Assistant EC K8ZJG contacted the authorities,
W8JHJ went to the local fire station, and K8UKY,
K8KSN and WA8DCE were all available with
emergency power. The water nested with just inches
to spare, some thirty feet above normal.
Akron EC WA8FQW mobilised his fornix and
maintained a liaison to the Red Otors on six meters.
On Kelleys Maud people were being evacuated.
WxftU was camping at the state park and immedi-
ately put his rig to work. All electricity was out and
hundreds uf tents were Hcramhied like eggM, In
Vermillion, KMJ8W took refi ge in his second floor
shack and remained on the air until the rising
water reached the fuse box feeding power to his
station- In Bellevue, KK1QB provided communica-
tions after electric power was knocked out by the
btorm-
The Ohio Hingle Hide Band Net began operating
in the early hours uf July 5 and remained active
rtuitiniiously through July tL On the seventh the
net went on hourly s c i o n s and returned to normal
th« nejft day. About 500 message were handled*
of which I5U were of priority nature.
\ preliminary survey by the lied Cros* showed
that 26,001) families were affected aud that of
Ohio's 8H counties were involved* The governor
termed the storm as the worst disaster in Ohio
history with 20 per cent of the state under water
during the emergency, — WSOUU, atfC' MUu.
Public Diary
At I83(J G M T f>n Nov. I, EC for Jackson and
Lanier Counties (Colo.) W0HPT was asked to help
contact a hunter known to be in the Ked Feather
Lakes area and to notify the hunter that his wife
was entering the Loveland hospital for emergency
surgery. WfkYAtfi at Fort f-ollins was alerted by
telephone and provided relays for W0BPT and
UMfht QOY QPO llZT on two meters. A 75-meter
link was also established between the hunting area
and Loveland by W0KKG and W0U35E. The hunter
was 1 orated and was driven to the paved rood by
WBKKG where WAtJi'JPC picked him up and drove
to the hospital, Slightly more than an hour had
patted since W0BPT had received the request for
at<L — WA0/ILQ, SMC Colo.
m » t a mm
While mohiling in West Miffin*ton, N.J,, WB2-
GTV came upon an accident in which a car had
struck several trees. Using a hand carried portable
On October 25, Waseca, Minn., students held a Walk for
Development to raise money for charitable organizations.
Local amateurs provided communications for the walk
which covered a course of about thirty miles. Pictured
here are some of those who took part, left to right* K0PSG,
WA0WQIWA0RUN, WA0PMM, K0BKA* WA0MVO,
K0KCJ, and K0KGR.
QST for
transceiver he reported the accident, then directed
traffic until the police arrived several minutes later.
— WB8QTV% EC MiUington, N.J.
• m w
The RACES of Las Cruces, N.M., was called
out on Nov. 6 when the Dona Ana Sheriff requested
aid in the tsearch for a Inst boy. W5NQC, W 5 K R P ,
W 5 0 P N , W5VCJK, W5LQN, K5VHY and WA5-
A L X assisted the sheriffssearch parties until midr
night when the search was called off due to dark-
neiss. The boy, a deaf mute, was found the next
day drowned in au irrigation canal, —
«•• l i t M
A t 210DZ on Nov. 14, Denver EC K0KLQ was
notified by WA0SND that an airplane was missing
and that a search wad being organised. Communica-
tions personnel were needed. Using a two-meter fm
repeater, WA0111AJ, Colorado SEC, wait contacted
a» were K 0 D C W and W V V X , W0HEP offered
the use of a trailer camper for the control position.
A t \m\) the AHKC trailing list was activated with
very good results; 29 station* checked in.
The following morning the trailer was set up
near the mission coordinator. Seventy-five, 1U- and
2-meter gear was available. Fourteen mobile*, three
in aircraft, were used. All went well until the opera-
tion was secured at 3SM>. — K0FLQ, EC Dever,
Colo.
W20CD, while mohiling in Alplaus, haji-
pened upon an accident involving the Schenectady
Ked Cross station wagon and a delivery truck.
Using his mobile rig through 2-meter repeater
K2AE, W 2 U K P was contacted. The county sheriffs
office was notified and a cruiser was sent to the
scene of the accident. The Ked Cross and the owner
of the truck were notified and W2UIX3 stayed at
the accident scene until the emergam'-y was over.
WMURP, ISC Schenectady County iV. F,
• • • amm
On Oct. 20, Hurricane Laurie was threatening the
west coast of Florida. In cooperation with Florida
Department or Transportation and Civil Defense,
the West Florida Phone Net was placed on alert
by W . Fia. SEC VV41KB. The net remained active
until the iWnd when all danger had passed.—
W41KB, BBC H'. Fla.
^ ^ * • •
WA5FJN intercepted a report from WJ5BAD in
Lamaruue, Tex., that a tremendous explosion had
occurred in Texas City on Oct, Using the WA£-
Q L A repeater it was determined that the explosion
had occurred at the Union Carbide plant and that a
number of homes nearby had been damaged and
people were being evacuated* A formal RACK8 net
was commenced on two meters at 7:34 P,M» local
time. The Houston and Bay town Emergency
Operation Centers were activated and six mobile
units were sent to the emergency area. Word was
received, however, that the. fire was under control
and the emergency was over. The net was secured
at 9:34. — KoQQQ, StiC & T**.
• * •
During the month of October, 1069, a total of
fodp*t»vn SEC j-eport* were revived, thus estab-
lishing a now high for the year in number of reports
received. The 10,332 A R E C members represented
by ttie reports, however, was slightly more than
aiji.i less than the high number to A R E C members
reported during the yeariao far. There was an in-
crease of four reports and about 800 A H EC members
over the October, 11148, level. Sections reporting:
Ala, Alta, Aris, Ark, BC, Culo, Conn. EFia, EMass.
KVftt Ga, Ind, Iowa, K y , La, Mar, M D C , Mich,
February 1970
Minn, Mo, Mont, Nebr, Nev, NMex, N L I , N N J ,
NTex, Ohio, Okla, Ont,P Org, Oregr Que, SDgo,
SF, 3CV, £ask, fcJDak, SNJ, STex, TWuu, Utah,
Wash, WVa, WFla, W N Y, and WPa.
Traffic Talk
You see a lot of receiving and transmitting gear,
and transceivers, advertised as } « i n g "equipped
for perfect break-in." The use of the term f>break-
i n " has been interpreted in a variety of ways, and
the manufacturers are entitled to theini, but in
cw parlance it in the name as 11 duplex." That is,
you can hear the received signal at the same time
you are transmitting. Thus, when Mimeoue says
" C j B K " at the beginning uf a message transmission,
you should be able to expect that yuu have but to
touch your key and he will stop sending.
Phone traffic men use the term somewhat differ-
ently. T o them, the use of voice-control is often
termed "break-in." We hnv* even heard 11 push-
to-talk" railed break-in. But in phone parlance,
the terms are usually stated as **duplex" arid "sim-
plex," meaning the ability to talk two ways or
only one way respectively. Or, sometimes, they are
simply referred to as two-way and one-way.
Variations in terminology have been an annoy-
ance in many holds of communications, wherein
different services use different terminology. Perhaps
this is beraum definitions have a tendency to be
v«ry lax and are determined by usagp rather than
any attempt to set or maintain standards of cor*
rectness. (The same, in fact, can be said of the
English language, but. that's another story.) This
is not to attempt to set any standards, but simply
to discuss the problem.
Traditionally, on cw break-in is arrived at by
turning off your avo (or is it age?), and reducing
your sensitivity (rf gain) control so that the receiver
dosK not block1* when you press your key. If
your audio &iin ig too far advanced, this may result
in so much volume that your own signal will knock
you out of your beat, no yuu have to find the right
setting of your two gain controls to provide optimum
receiving conditions. If you do this without a
T R switch, your receiver input may he taking such
large gobs of rf that damage can be done to your
input circuit — so au overload path to ground at
this point LM often conducive to longer receiver
life. A smalt neon tube usually does the trick, or
sometimes a germanium or tiilicon diode can be
used; if the latter, you have to be careful the diode
does not conduct too readily or your sensitivity
will suffer
There are a number of transmit-receive ( T R )
switch circuits which can also be used — both
those using high-speed relays and those which do
the job electronically, but this is not a technical
discussion. The point is that full break-in on cw
can be achieved only by the ability of the receiver
tn recover inntanily from the impact of your own
signal.
Keying a transceiver through a VOX relay
won't do it. If you am using such a system don't
say " Q 8 K " when you are starting to send a mes-
sage* because it is not possible to break you in the
middle of a word, or uwunlly even between words. On
the other hand, if you want tn handle traffic the
way the experts Ho, j$»t yourself equipped with
11 true" break-in, somehow. It's the only way to
fly.
Hince all nets, them* days (except perhaps some
repeater nets) operate on «|iot frequencies, the
nearest equivalent to cw break-in on phone is
59
 PUBLIC SERVICE HONOR ROLL K3010 10 16 12
Novemberj 19G9 WaVpA/6 10 10 12 38
wwv 10 16 12 38
Thi* Mating is available to amateur* whose public WWII 10 10 12 38
servieft Dexfomunee during th* wmtti indicated quaJi- K70TP JO 5 16 $ J7
fiea for 25 points ur moit total in the nine categoriesWA7KOB 10 5 10 0 37
below. Use form CD~J8V> or submit equivalent' informa-WflYBV 10 10 35
tion through your SC&1,tieepace 75, Nov. 6V J for WA2BBX 10 12 12 34
details. Please note maximum point* for each category. K2KDQ & 12 12 &
to 34
ID IA) (5) (
6 > (7) (8) (9) WAjJTHS 5 12 12 (i
tfa*. 10 5 10 12 12 20 «i TataU K7UCK2 to 8 12 5 33
10 2 19 3 33
WB3FI&H 10 5 10 12 12 5 90 WA0HHM 10 o 12 3 32
WA8VNU JO A tfl VI 12 5 00 WA0ULUU 5 12 to & 32
WAUAW 10 b 16 12 !2 & 00 K0MVF 10 S 12 4 it
WA7K1U 10 6 16 12 12 K6YliV 10 a 13 3 HO
WAabTX 10 6 10 12 3 to WflKLG to 8 12 30
K4KJD M) A ia y y 15 64 K2UBJL 5 12 12 2d
wrjwj IU 5 10 12 10 53 K7NOH 5 3U 4 20
WA2FRZ 10 & 19 12 3 W0PAN 10 5 12 2 2V
W3JV1PX 10 5 16 12 3 5 Gl WAUTAF 2 5 12 4 5 28
W81M1 1U fi 10 3 J2 5 51 wrou H 5 id 28
WAlHOL 10 ft 19 6 12 WA2FBI 10 $ 9 27
WA2VYS 10 10 12 46 WA2VYT 10 5 12 27
W7BQ 10 & 16 12 5 40 WAHJSb 1U 3 12 27
K7NHL 10 a 10 12 A 4* K3LFJ> 10 5 12 27
WA8UP1 10 5 12 12 9 4H W4NOQ 5 12 10 27
mUHY }t) 5 tfl 12 5 K7WWK 10 5 4
WAflOBJ LO 16 13 5 49 WKIH 10 5 12 27
W3UML 10 10 12 3 5 40 WAfllAU 10 5 it 27
W2MTA 10 2 10 12 & 45 K2KTEC Ml 19 26
W8LVB HJ A 12 IS 49 W2PRY 10 19 26
IVA0RRA 10 5 10 U & 46 K5BNU 5 9 13 3 26
VVAtfVAtf 5 12 20 3 3 45 W6UJ 10 5 9 2 26
K.3ZNP 10 5 12 12 5 44 WBHBLH 0 5 3 12 20
W7PI LO b 12 12 44 WABUHO 6 5 H 12 26
VVA2CAL 10 a 16 12 4ft WAUYXA 10 3 5 20
W2FR 10 Itt 12 S 49 W3TN b 10 * 23
mauff JO 16 [2 5 W7AKD 5 9 11 23
W3CBU lu 16 12 5 44 WA7CIWL 3 20 23
WA4VY8 ]o a 16 12 4* W7JBY A 10 3 23
W70ZX 10 VI 12 3 5 43 WA7JMD 5 12 H 23
WAf&PX 10 & rrt 12 43 WA8FGL> 2 5 12 9 20
K0MRI 10 16 12 5 43 WABGRX 6 12 ft 25
WA-OWKZ 10 3 10 12 44
VVA2BAN 10 5 12 41 Tbr following station* were listed by 8CMs mth
WdVNQ 10 10 12 3 41 FSHR totals above 25, hut no breakdown wan furnished:
VV7AJCT 10 19 m 3 41 VE3DP0, VE3GI, WA3IYB, WA1KMR, K1BXF.
K^KIk 10 10 40
W70SO 10 A 40 /fry; 11) Checking in to ow mete; i"2) Checking
W1BUF H> 16 12 1 into phone/RTTY vmfeg; (aj NOb cw neta; l4i NQ8
WA6LFA 10 1? 12 5 3D phuag/HTTY iittU; tfl Performing liaison: uij Legal
WltiKJ 10 16 12 38 phcttut patches; <7) Making BPL: i8i Handling emer-
W2CJC 10 16 12 38 gency tratHo; aud y*)tiervtugas Met Manager.

VOX. No problem here, since most modern nidehand fiei- Traf- Ater* Aeprtseif
rig* have this. However, it should be at leant noted *V4 vioa* fic ftoft Uff$ Mum (%)
jn passing that it always desirable to be able to 1440 1.155 48.3 &0,7
1198 1.158 3W.4 100.0
una puah-to-talk. If you have extraneous noise* ia PAN ...30 1255 1.037 41.5 100.0
your shack (or ia your car) they can trip your VOX 1KN ...60 480 ,34H 8.0 93,6
relay when you are receiving and cause other URN. ...60 3U8 .530 6,0 96.3
problems, aud PTT skillfully used can be just as 3RN 442 .345 7.2 9K.3
efficient as VOX. 4Rtt ...58 4U5 .415 8.5 92.2
Shall we have more hrealc-iu in our cw operations ftNfi 505 .333 9.3 84.6
and more VOX or PTT in our voice nets? The old- ...00 1006 .630 16.8 MA
RN7t „ t i i i ...39 417 ,403 7.1 38.2
time practice uf senrling a complete message, then 8RN ...60 503 .341 8.4 02.8
Mtaading by for 'fills11 ia outmoded. In today's tfRN ...60 4U2 .415 &2 90.0
traffic nets, you "break" when you mies something TEN 510 .508 8.6 84.0
— immediately if on cw, at the first pause if on EON ...56 W .181 1.8 HV.4
phone. Let's get with it ou this.— WlfifJM. TWN. 23d .242 4,2 73.3
TOG Eastern. 120* 732
TCG Central. .90' 733
Nitifrnat Trafflc 8v*Um. W12FR has issued 2RN TCG Pacific &74
oat** tn K?KTK> WAi* BHJ HMO. and WBU DUG and Section**... .1930 10.0 06 5.7
VtiU, Howie also says that if he said things con Id only get
better he mistaken, \Y7BQ reports that the long skip Summary.., .Mil .2070 23.U40 CAN 17.8
is moving in, and although RNT xnanagtxi to hoid out on 1 toorvl 80,541 i.325 16.4 —•

the late session during November, they will soon bs re- TOC functions, not counted as net i•

verting to an "Early" late session. Ml (TRY heartily eon- 'Soetion and local nets reporting (02); SON (S.C.);
surs that thing* have not hmitaogreat; he has formulatedMDCTN fMd.-D.C-l5 BUN (Utah); TTN, TEX (Tet);
Grump's Law which, in simple terms, states that the per- QMN, WBSft (MJoh.); OJ5K (ArkJ; CCN (Colo,*; BWN
centage of repranntation varies m inverse proportion to the i Wise.); Franklin County. OtfN, QGEN, BS <OhU>)\EPA,
amount or hraHie available to handle. From oti? of the otherPTTN, BPAKPTN, PFN iPa.); VN, VSBN (V*.J; «IN
far western regions. K7NHL reports that things axe looking(IndL); NY8. NLIPN (N.Y.); NCN, SCN (CaL); VJSN,
up u& the whole. K2K1R is crooning the lament* " Where KMTN. GN, WFPN. <JFN, FAST. FPTK, TPTN <Fla.>:
Has Ail the Traffic Gone?" \VA9UAi£ says traffic is aboutW. Cjue. VHF;flSZ.OLZ (Oklaj; CN. CPN (Oonn.); OBN
as low as his draft number. Cheer up, gang. The Christmas(Oa,;; NJAN, NJiSPTX. NJ8N (AfJ.); JTCATN, KYNt
rush is on its way. {Continued on pajp fl9)

60 QST for
 Witchcraft, Goblins, Hexes
and Gremlins
B Y ALBERT KAHN,* K4FW, ar-OT8DUS

vital subject that has been completely

A neglected by the amateur radio publications
w that of the effects of the supernatural. Never
a QST article, not a word ia the Handbook. I t is
time, I believe, that we should face reality.
Anyone who has worked with antennas will
agree that there in more mystique than eTigineeiv
ing for maximizing performance. Let's* take the
antenna that wa» dimensioned by stepping it off
Boy Scout fashion and strung between any two
convenient points. Thin Is the kind of antenna
that doearx't just work, either. I t is the one that
brings " there were at least four stations calling
me but you were on top" kind of report.
This is particularly true if it was erected (a
euphemism for thrown together) during a sleet something about trying again when the bands
storm, a phenomena which seems to give any are better. They are wondering why a grown man
antenna a touch of perfection. Vet, nowhere, can spends his time talking to himself. u Harmless
I find antenna formulas which have symbols for though" they fell each other.
gueu»ed-<&t length, sleet storms or other factory A little pre-vL&il orientation about goblins,
that eniiance their effectiveness Certainly a lot gremlins, witchcraft and hexes would save all
of research is needed on the effect of the color this embarrassment and doubts about the host's
of the jacket worn by the installer and the phase mental state.
of the moon at the time of the installation. The effects of the occult are all around us. Ever
When you stalk some rare D X fur hours and buy some exotic tool designed to reach into diffi-
he is working your rival* all around you, is Ghat cult places? Ever find it when you finally needed
luck? Poor operating? Poor signal? Not at HIL It? Of course not. Then did it turn up right where
One of your l)X bret hren ha* undoubtedly put a you Left it, after you spent two hours doing the
hex on you. X am sure that WSUZ has a perma- job the hard way? Always, further proof of the
nent doily of me on 7 MHz that he sticks pins in. clever work of the gremlins.
Jake and a lot of others. But still not a line in the Handbook. IQfffrH
I t is fortunate that Howyr W2QHQ, wasn't
active during the 8alem goingp-on. What with
a confirmed country total of 320, all worked with
55 watte, a dipole and a lousy location, he surely
would have been burned at the &take.
If it were nut for hexes, goblins and gremlins,
bow would one explain the »lcet storm that takes
the lieam down before the conte&t, the tube that
fails when it Is the only one for which you have
Stmvs "ft
no spare? When a capacitor gpett, why is it the
one below the chassis? There is no other ex- I would like to ftet In touch with . * »
planation* . , . the leader of the facsimile group in the Cali-
fornia area. W W ML
All of us have experienced supernatural . , . an amateur radio club or net of meteorologists.
behaviorial phenomena. Take the non-per- OE3HEB.
formance-wheu-tihowing-off-to-^visitor syndrome. . • * anyone jni*re*'.ed in an on-the-air chess game
Yuu call CQ, no answer. You call again, longer on 40 meters. K3LLR.
this time. A voice announces tie is attempting to . « . former Morse telegraph operator* who arc now
set up a phone patch with Eureka, Illinois and hams. Marjorie MrKinnon Wmula, 43-18 65th
please iuuve. You break a QSO and find both are VYoudiide, N.Y. 11377.
signing. You move to a blank spot, call OQ and . , , L'ther funeral directors who are amateur radio
find you are on a net frequency. At this point, operators. WB8AMY.
. . * anyone who would like to play che»s over the
your visitors nervously explain that they had air on nw; or is there a ch«*v net? VVA0WHE,
forgotten something and althoitgh this is most . . * other high-school amateur radio club stations
fascinating, they really must leave. You mumble interested in participating in a nation-wide high-
•Old Cartertowa Road, Qatlinbnrg, TN. 37738. school net* WBW3XZ.

February 1970 61
 Happening
ARRL ADVISORY COMMITTEES
At the Board of Dirertow meeting in May
1968, the wmcepb of "advisory nnmroittew" nf
volunteer specialist* wan adopted by the dire<v
tors for an 1^-month trial period, Initially, two
committees were authorized, one on vhf repeaters,
and one on oontessU,
Supplementing Board and staff committees
already operating! the advisory uricnmittac!!* are
intended to broaden the base "f Tjewm dprision
tnaking and to provide an additional channel for
membership participation,
The Boani of Direct*n* will meitt again on
May Ir 197X), If you have idea* specifically in
the two field*, repeatem and wmtewts, please
get in touch noon with the advisory committee
members nearest you,
V.H*F. Repeater Advisory Committee
The members of this mmmiUee are:
Taylor Shreve, W0CXW, Chairman, 1230
Valentia St., Denver, Colo. 80220
Arthur M ffcntry, W6MEP, Jellioo
Avenue, Northridge, Calif. 91324
Gilbert J. Kowols, W9BITB, 216 Belle Plaine
Ave., Park itidge, 111. 60UdU
EL H. I*ng, VE3AIX), 12 Orchard Drive, Port
Colbome, Ontario
Jon Marcinko, W7KUZ, 26501 ISth PL Ho., Kent,
Wash. 9S03I
George F. Munich, W5VPQ, 11314 Janet Lee,
San Antonio, Texas 782;i0
62
the Month
Jon J. O'Brien, W60TX), 6605 Fifth St., Rio
Linda, Calif. WB73
George IX ttuse, Jr., W4GCE, 1U5 Middleboro
Plane, Lynchburg, Va, 245(12
Howard h. Ijester, W2UDC, S Bath St., Alplaus,
N. \ \ 1*XXJH
Contest Advisory Committee
The members of this committee are:
James A. Maxwell, W6CITF, Chairman, 18125
Ho, Santa Alia ltd., Los Oatos, Calif, ilSCJ30
Lwnani Chcrtok, W5GRP, 8301 Temple Hills
ltd., Washington, D. C. 20031
linger Corey, W1AX, 60 Warwick Drive, Westr
wood, Mass. 02090
Jack duBois, K3CPR, 5607 Birch Ave., Perm-
sauken, N. J. US LOU
Iteno W, Ooetsch, WDRQM, U2!l Ho. 7th Ave.,
Wausau, Wise. M401
E. V. Gulden, W8DB, 4710 E- Rte 571, Tipp
City, Ohio 4-W1
Jack llavenscroft, V132NV, 333 Thorucrcst Ave.,
Montreal 7S0, Quebec
Thomas A. Russell, WA0SDC, 1325 Herts Drive,
&E., Cedar lipids, Iowa £3403
Gene Sykes W4BltB, 6510 Carambola Circle,
West Palm Beach, Flo. 33406
TAe Committee* Need Your Support
The director having liaison responsibility
bptwefin the Board and thfi V.ILF. Repeater
*A.dvwory Committee U John Griggs, W6KW,
while the Headquarters staff liaison is provided
by Edward R Tilton, V71HDQ.
"For the Gorif-eat Advisory Committee, the
Board's liaison director is Victor C. Clark,
W4KFC, while Headquarters liaison will be by
Ellen White, WlYYM.
However, you, the individual league Member,
ought to feed your ideas and your suggestions
for improvements arid changes in these special-
ized areas directly to the advisory committee,
either via fiome committee member with whom
you may be at.'quamted, or via the chairman*
These are ytnir committed and they will produce
something of value to the extent that you support
them. Your constructive suggestions are the
support they are looking for*
Hard-working volunteer* are an important Ingredient in
the League'*—and every organization's—success. Here
West Gulf Division Director Roy Albright, V/3EYB, visits
the ARRL W 5 QSL Bureau* operated by Hurley O .
Saxon, W3QVH at EI Paso, Texat
QST for
MISSOURI LICENSE PLATES IN DOUBT
A number of amateurs in Missouri and neigh-
boring states have sent us clippings and other
information indicating that Missouri amateurs
may not be able to get cull letter licence plates
for 1970. The moat complete report at press time
(late December) is from Richard M. Jacobs,
WA0A1Y. Here are cxtrautw from his letter:
"Four state senator* drafted Senate ttill 242
in February 1908, providing fnr reflectomed
plates but continuing the provision for mandar
tory availability of call letter plates for hams.
In April, Senator Clifford Jnne* proposed an
amendment which removed the twenty-one lines
pertaining to mandatory issuance of amateur
plates.
" I t develops now that Senator Jones had The Baltimore District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
talked to one Missouri highway patrol officer who recently presented Patriotic OiKfan Service certificates
indicated that the platas didn't particularly help to a number of ft* volunteers who have been providing
enforcement. 'Also, the senator was under the emergency radio communications. Willord J. Prentice,
impression that the *tate didn't charge for the W3VBM receives his award for 21 years' service from
special plates. (They have, in fact, charged $1 Colonel William J. Love, District Engineer* Other amateurs
honored werei William Bennett, W3BHK, 21 years?
per year additional fei\) \ Alwsouri ham says
Charles Carter, W2BSK, 14 years; Hayes Eckard,
the Senator regretted haviug made the amend- K3AUS. 10 years; Ted Faher, W 3 E O V , 14 years; Robert
ment and was sorry that further checking wasu't Horner, W3ZUX, 11 years; Silas "Dick" Koofer, W3KFD,
done before it was submitted. 14 years; Helen Law, W2BNC, I ] years; Wayne Lefter,
4'Although the Jimndatory feature in gone, K3AKN, 10 years; Irving lipton, K3DDV, 10 years; and
the Director of Revenue, James Shaftner couJd Andrew Pavlowskj, W 3 Q P U , 32 years.
still issue ham plates in 1970 under the same
discretionary authority u«ed to Issue uperiat CLUB STATION OPERATION
plates to the governor, representatives and othersBY OVERSEAS VISITORS
not mentioned in state statutes. , , . D>l Test enthusiasts, please <v>py— there has
been confusion hm to the **oupe uf privileges
" Personally, 1 have nent telegrams to (Joverno r
Warren E. Hearties urging that this matter l>e offered to visiting amateurs under the reciprocal
put on the agenda for the 1970 imperial Session operating agreements. It is widely understood
of the legislature, and to Mr, Khaftuer requestingthat the visitor may operate his own station
that he use his authority to issue the platen. (i.e., signing his own cull as a portable regardless
I've also written ray state (senator and repre- of whether he owns the equipment, or nor.) but
sentative urging both courses be followed. some amateurs, led by their natural desire to be
" I hope that all l.hn*% Missouri hams who havehospitable, have assumed that visitors rould
plates or might gift them in the future will operate under any call, Not s o — the following
write or send telegrams to the Governor, Mr. recent letter from VCG clarities the matter;
Shaftner and their representatives urging action " A foreign amateur operating in the United
to continue the cadi letter plates.1* States under a reciprocal operating permit can
transmit telegraphy from a club station only if
UTAH, TENNESSEE PLATES lie use* the <*aU assigned to him by his guvern-
MORE COSTLY meut and identifies as required by dection
M. A. tJrquiaa, W1SWW, tells tts tkit the 97.313.
Tennessee legislature paused a bill raising the "If he is the sole operator, he must use his
cost of call letter license plates from to $7 own call and identify as above regardless of the
— along the way, a typographical error crept in, mode of emission. If a member of the licensee
and the bill the Governor signed says $101 club is prtswmt and in control of the station, the
Tennessee amateurs interested in reducing the alien permittee may transmit by telephony pro-
fee are requested to write your representatives vided the club member turns the carrier on and
right away. Tennessee KGM Harry A, Phillips, off for each transmission and signs the station
K4HCT, is trying to track down additional off after conimui ligation with each station is
information which will be pajased along later, complete* W
Utah now charges $5 for call JetLer license Earlier FCC policy letters allow VOX or
plates, but Representative Jim Piatt intends to PTT within the above resrvnotion, and allow
seek issuance of a five-year plate f<ir the five operation of a dub station under a different call
bucks concurrent with an amateur's FCC li- as a "portable" with Lhe trustee1* approval.
cense, This information courtesy of The MictovoU Summing up, it Isn't very practical to "multi-
published by the Utah Amateur Itadio Club. o p " u club station with an oversea** guest—
M M ft • ft
where it is done, the U.H. amateur must make
Anything like this happening in your stato? every sigrH>ff and be in reach uf the transmitter
Please let us know so we can pass it along. switches at all times.
 Behind the Diamond JVumjber o/ o Series
It's a two-way strwt, too — Bd has uent
at least two lettera-to-the-editor a month
since 1926, with 90% jartting published,
something like a thousand in all. He was a
guest, in fact, at a special dinner a few year*
ago, at which thu dntirant feted its letter-
\vriti?rn!
Fjdfn au accomplisUAt illustrator? too. He
created our June, i&t$\Q8T cover from a
nketnh by Ron Ita&rT^Xcollal>oratad with
Harry tTick on 18A4V cover.
Hi* cartoons, layouts
are frequently j f e n f o r years
he n illustrated /jpia^mTOtVVhriPtmafl ines-
7
sage to the M ^ y _ u ^
Beside Ed's leisure
A. good many morning any headquarter* jirtivitie* baak-
staffer may come in to his desk ajid find a Ftackiag trips frai^iar t Gpi; jH
newKpaper Hipping relating to a inten-st Mass, and Alfaro., "^efr-Jyrk are well in
he hw. There's no ?iob\ no imme, but the the past — and V^^tityt^ /r corresponding
staffer knows it was put there by Edgar D. with, wurld-fanioH.;. pfcorflo, He sketched
Collins, Q&T'r advertising aaawtant— and Winston Cliunrhill\^J7tjfe Bushnell Audi-
"Mr- (Tarn Ad" — fur 2S j-wm tnriuiu in 1W32, ari<l\rejfreaf man graciously
Ed's an avid raider — he follow* the rmfotfraphfld the drftdKig. Tiindbergh, too,
Manchester, Conn., Evening Heraifi^ tlu? Hart-h in Ed'a ''cnllectinn.
ford Comml and th« Now York Time* for For nearly tittern years, Kd spent summer
local, regional and national newa w r y duy, Tfr'atiuiiH biking a "\wrfcing cruise" aboard
and frequently picks up the Chicago Tribune freighter* uf the Isbratidtom Line (usually
Afarm and World ffpftorl, TimFortune, with Captain Kurt Carlson, W2ZXAT, of the
jfcwtwevfc, Sttfunlaij Rt.vivu\ the Manchester, AYjftnff Enter doing the pam-rwork of a
bingland, Guardian and l*mcht More flatter- purser, dripping paint, handling lines and the
ing to the rmt. uf us, ho remembcra our like. When the first Ftffing Enterprise sank,
special interest* and clips out item* wr-M like tuul IV2ZXM bivatne Famous as "Captain
to nee. That isn't the end of his muling Stay-Put," the erew (wiaQST who wont to
though; he alao ^eta through ahout i!5 hooka a interview the tenacious mariner included a
year. pmud friend, our Kd.

AMENDMENT TO LEAGUE REQUEST No. 328

In the Petition for Kulemaking concerned with
Technicians (page 72, January yS7*l, the Mig-
gested new language for Novice eligibility ha*
been amended editorially to read:
w {f) Novice Class, Any citizen or national
uf the United States, except a person who holds
or has held within the 12-month period prior to
the date nf receipt uf hi* application, a Cnm~
ridssiuh-iwsued amateur radio licenv.' other than
the Technician Clrws/4
This matter has been assigned the tile number
LtM-1535, but no other action has betjii taken by
FCC on it as yet.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MINUTES
The Jtfxecntive Committee of AliUL, i m -
posed of four directors and three ofhm*, meets
at l«aat four times a y»w to administer the
affairs uf the League. Uh most reemt meeting
was on October we held the iniiaitm over
from last month because of a *>parp problem in
this department.
Ortnber 31, iWW
l*urniant to due notice, the N&mihvn < Inmmittee
nf The Ammr-n'i ) t i u Y w Relay I<eagucv luo,, met
st tlif headquarter* office of the League in Newm^
ton, i Wiecticut, at 5 p.Ji. October XI, iumi.
I'rp^ttf: ('resident K/ihcrf W- Denrostnn, W'ODX,
in the Chair; First Vice President WuyJand M.
C m m \\ 5NW; Directors Victor ( !. Clark, W4KFC,
rharles f'unipton, WflBUO, Harry J. Dannals,
W2TITK, and Noel B. Katmi, VK3CJ; wid Genmd
Manager John Muutoon, W1LVCJ. Also in atten-
dance w^rea numfter nf ilirectors, present in advance
of the special JJnard meetuu^
On motion ut Mr hiaton, aOUiation waa unnui-
inou^lv CltvVNTKD til the following nocietieu:
Hash-!ial-Ne-A? Amateur Ifadio t-'luh, Hrottnifale,
Ari*-; Hn^-ic Amateur Kailio C'lub. Bowie, Md.;
Bmokline High School Kndio Club, Hrwkline,
-Maw.; Otilvin Cnllng* Aniati»nr l<?if}io i Muh, Omnd
liapidMt Mich.; The Tullctfe Amateur Uadio
Station, (.V-dar Hanids, Iowa; i/nlnmbia ^\jnat«mr
Kadiu 8ociet>, In.-.f Lake Pity. Kla.; RAU>. (Khifr)
Amateur Uadio Club. New Minaa, King'ft i.(utinty,
Nova Bcotia; Knot c.-atholic Htffh School Amateur
Radio ( 'lub, MamJiesrer, 'Juim.; Kiw Klagv Ama^

64 QST for
teur Radio Assiu, lao., Pensacola, Flo.; Xluleton
High School Radio Club, Haaleton, P a , ; Newark
Amateur Radio Association, Granville, Ohio;
Parsippany High School Amateur Radio Club,
Par&ippaiiy, N. J . ; Playground Amateur Radio
Club, F o r t Walton Beach, F l a . ; Itandaliriown Senior
High School Amateur Radio Club, Kaudalktown,
M d . ; itonan High School Amateur Radio Club,
Rou&n, M o n t ,
On motion of M r , Dannak* uriammou*ly V O T E D
t o grant approval for the holding of an Oregon
S t a t e Convention at R*nd on J u n e 10-21, 1970.
On motion of M r . Coniptnn, unauimouhly
V O T E D t o confer Life Membership upon ilie fol-
lowing! thus raising the total of that class to 6U5:
Robert P. Arnold, W A 7 E E B ; James D e m y Howard,
VVA5VKN; Clifford Atkinson, J r . , W 5 K K J o n a t h a n
h> Kirkman. W 4 W D H ; Kenneth C . UarroU,
W 0 L R G / S M 6 C T S / D J 0 C I ; R e f o l d D . McGiimis,
W A 0 R K Q ; Lawrence C . Brooks, \ T 5 P Y P ; J o h n P.
M e u e u s p e r ^ r , W A 9 E Y M ; J a m e s F . Clifton, "A Dired-Convenion SSB Receiver" by Richard S. Taylor,
W 7 C M J ; Scott M . Rathjeu, W A 7 L D Z : Paul M.
W1DAX, won the QST Cover Plaque award for Sep-
Crawn, J r . , W B 2 G X D : J o e G . Robert*, W 7 D R R ;
tember. Director Robert York Chapman, W1QV (right),
Francis H. Fallon, W A 2 Y V K , Waiwn Rudolph,
from the ARRL New England DivisTon, makes the presen-
W 4 0 H M ; J- Harold Gibwm, WHl'ljO: J'hilip P.
tation while Mrs, Taylor looks on.
Spencer, VV5LDH/W5LXX; F r a n k J , VVifiiiicwski,
Jr., W2LXC.
T h e Committee examined in detail proposed and showed several sliden nf the activities of this
changes in the Rules and Regulation* of the Com- amateur satellite group.
munications Department a * prepared by the Com- There heing m> further business, the meeting
munications Manager, After discussion, on motion adjourned, at 3:15
of M r . Eaton, unanimously V O T E D t o adopt the Respect fully suhmitr-ed:
new rules and publish them in QtiT, JOHN HtTNTOrt1S\ WlLVQ
Director Clark reported vu the progress of Amsai tiicrctaru IqgT-H

Alabama — The "Did Timer* Dinnr*" for the South-

east U.S., dpunsnml bv tiip Birmingham Amateur Radio
s m t w t t % Club, will hi- lirJd al 7;riu KcbmaJ-y 14, attfieHoliday
Inn F'last, Highway 74t k!a*U Antique *iuipraont, icittt£a*rtip*
1 2 * 4 5 « 7 and ham* will be on display. A license prioT to lyffll entitle*
B 9 10 11 12 U 14 a ham and his wi tv to a free dinner! Inland Smith, W 4AHT/
II 1ft 17 II t» 70 *1 W4KL iviUhf* thofeaturedRprftktf. for niurr information
» t l 14 IS 36 j r *t rtritr th* Birmingham ARC, Boxtiuft,-Birmingham,
A bbauia.
Illinois —Announcing the Hth Annual \V~CRA Mfd-
wintvf Homfest, February 15, at tin County Faixw
grounds, Manchester Rd.» Wheaton, Jil. (ipen WrOO a.m,
to 4:00 p.m. Tickets 31.50 at the door. Horn** npaon available
fur yttnr own tablo. For further information write P.O.
Box W It rat on, HI,
COMING A.R.R.L. CONVENTIONS Indiana —Tho fYmnty \RC\ announces
it* 17th AunuaJ Banquet tn }m> hHd at Tribel"* Restaurant,
M a y ISr-l? — ^ a r i t t c / S o u t h w e s t e r n D i v i - t'A HO and 41 (nw 'mil*, hvU at 6;«0 p.*. OBT,
sion, K w n o , Calif.
Pvbriiary J4. (-hiokou dinner, Hiti*rta1nment» wpc^chcH,
mjmc with your YIj ur XVL. Tiflkets Afi.(lf) tm<4\ from
J n n e 19-21 — O r e g o n S t a t e * R e n d . Hetlwrf S. Brier, WyKGQ, J85 Johnson »K„ Clao-, Infi,
J u l y M — West Virginia S t a t e , J a c k s o n l^»iitlvol.v no tickets wold at the d»or.
Mills. NW Jersey — The East Cc«»t VHP Soeu ty, U'AaWEH,
September 2.V27— NATIONAL* Boston* isftpnniviHngthn 12th Annual VHP Dinner on Baturday,
M a am. March at 7:00 p.m. Aa mtriwitinn and entertaining
October 1 7 - 1 8 — Hudson IMvt*irm,Tarr>-
program uith V\ 4K.t and IVt ff1>Q s* speakurs is planned:
K2fli[tf will nrtvr hn iiiHster of ceromonie«4 Menu: primn
tOWD, N . Y , ribs of hn-f. Tickets at 87.Ah per person art- available bv
wnt&Qff the 1'j^t Coast VIIK SnHpt-v, P.O. Box 1263t
notb: Sponsors of larR* hum gathering! should T'aterson, J- 0750y. Ticket doadlinr is Wcdnewlay
check with headquarter* for an advisory ozi March lljno tickets will b^«o1d at thedorir,
possible date conflict* beforeftontractinpfor meet- Oklahoma —The ttJrd Annual [AWton-ft. Hill ARC
ing apace. Dates may be recurd«1 at ARHL for liaznfi-At mil be held on February at thp Lawtiin Na-
up to two years in advance. tional CSuan! Armory. For information and acIratiiM? iwr-
rations write tlie club at p.O, Box L&vrton, Okh,
73501. IQCT—t

February 1970 65
 Correspondence
EEC a *
From Members-
The publbhrra of Q&T R H U R I « no respoxw!bilit7 for lUUmrnti mad* herein BY corrfvpcmdfatii

NEW FILM All power to the people. Peace, freedom and

H I was fortunately able to see yourfinenew film, justice, — Marty l^s^r, \YBJJkN.'ff .1 lan litwnfdd,
"The Ham's Wide World," last night, Dur local wurzxzi ucruHMitir, a t .
educational station, WLVT-TV, carried this from TRANSISTORS
the Pennsylvania Public Television Network- I
have been quite critical of the AltRL on wrnviun C, I was very happy to see more articles on tran-
and will mntiuue in h«; however, it is only fair sistors like the otin in December QSTt "Let's Talk
that I give praise when praise in due, in thin cast?. Transistor*." I think in short older transistors will
1 think the League has linslly dnne unmet hinff very t>e the sole compon**nt, uf all type* uf rf and audio
worthwhile in fostering better public relations This equipment and tubes will be a thing of the pust for
film was excellent and I hope that >uu continue in tuun»,— Fr**terich tt - JScfcirtr. Jr.t KSJMUj
this direction.— ./uAm Jr., A'dQj)!", Macurtifitt t*Am

I appreciate very much thefirstStoffeU article

t^ This morning Ifiredup the TV and couldn't be- on transistors and look forward to later ones. 80 far
lieve what 1 saw; Hiram Percy Maxim, then Barry I HI a concern crl, this in the tirst mtdable informa-
Goldwater and Arthur Godfrey! Hincerest uratitude tion cm the subject I have seen- — Ehn< r ff. Prt*ton.
to the AKltL for doing 00 murh to iiejp maintain KAKXP, Front Kogid* r.l.
uur baudu and privileges. I'm sure the new tilm
will materially aid.your effort, — NP/.; h'enttrth C. LETTERS AND NUMBERS
Hopper, KtoOSY, Fori Euntin, VA* C,11N" y'Hii be iihed in place of the numeral nine
uf the analogous construction of the two
C We enjoyed very much the ham program on characters in Alone.. The numeral ennsintx of four
WWLl'-TV, Torn Ooltmih show. I'm wry «hd ilaltA followed by a single <lit; the abbreviatum cuts
that my suggest inn to con tart him for use uf the newthe number of dahs in one- As Ionic as it in ^inder^
AHttL tilm worked out HO wriL ^tood that numerals are being sent, there is no con-
ThValley Amab*nr ffadio Club is planning to fiiMun. Consequently, " A " is the abbreviation for
follow thin up on hiit show in the near future vwth a the numeral on«, Dff fur «'iaht, and on. This
highly visual prwv-titatinn, ami it. is in the works. uuaiis ifuite common ainmuj; JAs, thouah the first
With this kind of "happening'' amateurradiois to tq;irifttt it on me aas a G.
purely not dying — it's ju»t been spanked ami The UM of for is au unrelated phenome-
its first breath of fmh air!—.l/>*, f W Ann non that has its counterpart on phone and in com-
Gavk, \VNtLGU9 Eadhampbm* MA. mon usage of the *pi>k*-u WiKuau*- lu many cir-
clefl,4 4,three five" iw preferral to "three «ero
WON'T RENEW five, ' and its meaning is univeraally recognised.
Wr «re writing thin tetter to explain why we have The muchHnm^-runuaon abbreviation for *e-.ro
not renewed our memf*?rship tor the timing year <»a cw is "T4\ which is related in the anient use uf
(and why all ARKL member* (should resign immed- a long dash for r^o. The widespread acceptance of
iately). f^lertmnic keyera has made the long datfh impossible
We vehemvntly oppose AHHL's cooperation to ^end. " T " also titd into the abbreviation set
uith and glorification of the United States Armt-d mentioned in the first pamK^ph, but i believe this
forces. Cooperation with the military institution i> more by accident thau design.- - Oav* &n»uitir9
of the United States i* in violation uf the Amateur's KtZXD/ftt tin^l L<in*i*Wx ML
(Vie which nays that "the amateur i* friimdly:"
friendly person does nut. support hu institution C. There swinu to be some diverse opinions prevalent
whose puiposft U the slaughter of other human a^ to the origin of the pnuitvcp uf sending the letter
beings* The fart that the code bays 11 the amateur iri " N " f.1.1 tudic&te a 11 in <-w trannmissions. An far
patriotic'* means that, he has luyiUty to bin cuiintry a* I can learn this started with the Uritish merchant
without regard to morals of personal conscience* marine during tt W-l 1.
Armed Forres Day is u |«rfect. rumple ««f hi»w tiie Vr that time nu«»t radio mnxsagen nnciphered
AltltL gloriHe* Jhp ^iVMuie uf the C.L8, military. in iiuiid>er codas and upefrators ficml with sending
1« the QST article on Armed Force* hay, it i* mid copying page* uf number* adopted the unotlicial
stated that there i* an attitude of ''mutual respect 1'unvejjtiini <if simply omitting uniicceviaiy dashes.
. , . between U.S. amateur radio operators and Thus 1 was^>nt. a» A, li IT, ;i as V, 7 a* Li, b as l>
the ir.a. military." (QST, May, p. ttti Itespc^t rmd ^ >tn K. 4, 5, and ft were wnt as straight
should not be granted to an institution which in numbers, and the long dush, ur Morse e^iuivalent,
imperinli^tk', oppressive, and fascist in theory and was Ubed fortt.This was done only when the nm^e
practice. text WHSfl.ll numbers, and both «f»Hrafr»rKciiiJerstood
In conclusion, YllltLVi i-ooperatinn with the the <*( m vent ion was beitik usf-d.
military is ju the worst interest of the peupU- uf this speaking of U-^ing the lonjr dash for (1 briaga to
country and of the world. And, for this iea>ii>n, we mind aiiuther WW- II story of a rather hnvvftsted
are renouncing our ties with thr f^ague. ,\oung operator at a small wearhe^ station in the

66 QST for
Aleutians. It seems that he sat down one day to
send a message requisitioning supplies that included
20 barrels of flour, 10 cases of bean*, etc. In due
time a convoy of cargo ahips pulled into the harbor
bringing—you guessed it — 200,000 barrels flour,
100,000 case* beans, etc- — F* lr- KM,
Me.Leanf VA.
INTERESTING HOBBY
C I am sick and tired of this endless nonsense from
certain sources about amateur radio not being a
hobby. It is well and good to talk about what kind
of a bobby it is but let's not pretend it isn't what it
very obviously is. My bobby is amateur radio and
amateur radio is my hobby* I'm just as interested,
convenient and necessary as the next feller. — Roy S.
William*, WeVON, La Mem, CA.
50 HOURS EXPERIENCE
4 I would like to see, instead of a 2-year or 1-year
requirement for Extra, a requirement of t say, 60
hours Jogged on the air. This way, there would
actually be an experience requirement. A license
can sit around for two .vears and never be used,
while a very active ham who may be able to pass
the exam after a couple months, doesn't have 11 ex-
perience" by definition. — John //asfctna, WA$~
VKWf Linevln, NK.
TECHS ON TEN
C[ I am especially pleaded to wee League support
for allowing Technicians a portion of the tO-meter
band. It's rather ironical I suppose that I have spent
a good deal of my operating time as a Technician
monitoring the 10-meter band (for any signs uf a
possible sporadic-K owning on the 6-meter laud)
and yet have never been able to operate on 10
meters when it had sporadio-2? openings! — John J*
Cham-pa, KBOVL/4, GrwKtomt OA.
1 endorse your efforts on the part of Technicians
as outlined in your December editorial. Admittedly,
this class was not established as a communications
service, but I feel that this group should be given
some Novice cw privilege in order to assist and
encourage them to qualify for higher class privileges.
It is not consistent with the step-license structure,
to consider the Technician's grade as a class apart
from all other amateur license*. Maybe it should
be considered a stepping ttone fur thosa who an;
technically qualified for the General but have little
aptitude for learning an auditory technique (i.e.,
CW). _ phare* Cattiham, W4ZUK Memvhi** TN.
c First you say that the quality of ham radio can be
improved by taking frequencies away and letting
us win them back by pairing stiffer exams. It** like
making us turn in Cadillacs, Lincoln* and Imperials
until we paws an advanced driver's license test.
Now you say since Technicians are not living up
to the purpose of their iiceuues (experimenter*), we
should cluing* that purpose (make CBera out of
them) and award them more frequencies!
I don't see any logic in it, — Hoi IS. Di*t*, WAM-
ZYH, WitUmahby, OAfo.
<t When the League brought to light the need of
incentive licensing I agreed completely! And ac-
tively supported it, went on to study and beat an
old head against the wall and passed the Advanced
Class, for only one reason, to have more room to
move around the band.
February 1970
Now, I read where you want to give (not create a
desire for) the Techs more frequencies, plus the
privilege of maintaining two licenses, which is taking
some of ray and my fellow amateurs* privileges
down the drain. — Charles IL TauU>rf KoLWN/4,
Fort Walton Beach, FL.
1 must add my support, as well as the support of
the other Technician licensees in my area. Please
include another aspect to state that Technicians who
have previously held a Novice license, and wish to
reapply for It may do so.
Tax for your help to the Techs and all other li-
censed amateurs. — Thama* W, flmrick, WA9VJW,
Roanoke, IL.
INCENTIVE LICENSING
C You certainly have created a monster with your
incentive ideas. Just listen on the barulB and under-
stand why I say this. Those who have hanoinv Ad-
vanced and Kxtras are more unhappy than any
one else as they can not talk to their old friends.
As I set? it the ARRL is doing just as the SDH is
up to all over U.S.A. It's too late imw. 73s and you
need it.— Sanfard E. Pope, WlKGU, Brockton,
if A.
I really can't understand all the bickering over
incentive licensing. 1 received my Novice ticket in
May and today packed the General and Advanced.
Thanks, FCC, for my inmitive. — Johnft',Dafbet~
Itihn* IVtTBBJCt Matin* IL.
41 For those who fear the Extra, tell them that I,
who had only one year of high school, and far from
being an engineer or professional electronics tech-
nician, found little or no difficulty in passing that
tixtra taut. Further, I am 60 years old and had
suffered a severe hesrt attack, which forced my
retirement from the Ni r C Firs Department,—
Jacob Duhintky* W'tL VRt Flushing, A'F.
C Today I received my Extra Class license. Many
thanks to ARRL for the fine publications and the
W1AW code practice without which I know this
would not have heen possible. — Philip S<wtf
Sullivan, W8AlCf McKm*port, PA.
<[ Four months after initiating my 14 incentive li-
censing'* projcct, I was able to pass the Advanced
Class amateur radio license examination. Another
benefit derived from this wLf-study project was
that my wife became interested in harn radio. While
helping me with my studying, she learned the
theory and acquired the necessary code speed to
pans her General Class license examination.
We are now looking forward to using our new
privileges, making new acquaintance's, and etijoying
our hohby. The work was well worth the effort.
— Robert A. fluWfc, KoOZF, tfaa Antonio, TX,
H I am one of the silent group who in in favor of
the recent changns in bund usage (incentive li-
censing, that is) and have hrpu some hams forced
to learn some more, which it turned out, they rather
enjoyed, once it was accomplished. Something like
having a sore tooth. It sure dnes hurt and not very
enjoyable until it has taeu taken care of. But to
g«*t some people tn the FCC iu like getting a little
boy to the dentist. — Bob Bingham, K9WMP
titrearnwood. IL.
67
 I.A.R.l ews
I N T E B M A T I O N A L A M A T E U R BADFO UNION, T H « G L O B A L F C O E R A T I O N O P N A T I O N A L NON-COMMSHC1AL A M A T E U R
**oio S O C I B T I S S roit THK P R O M O T I O N A N O CO-ORDINATION O P T W O - W A Y A M A T V U R R A D I O C O M M U N I C A T I O N

NEW MEMBERS
Membership in the Union hw grown to 83r
with, the admission of amateur radio axaetioM in
Hungary, and Trinidad and Tobago- Magyar
Radioanvtfor Hzomtseg now represents FIA ama-
teurs — in. fact, all of the 827 licenced Hungarian
amateurs are member of MRS. Trinidad and
Tobago is represented by the Trinidad ami
Tobago Amateur Radio Society with a membership
of 53, A list of the 81 other IARU societies ap-
peared. on page til of QST for November, 10HB,
NOTES
\ nftctprocaf operating agreement ha* been in
effect between France and the United States Richard P. Scott, W3EFZ, vitts briefly with hit Mends of
since July i, 1966. This initial agreement did not the Philippine Amateur Radio Atsocrcrfio/i, after 5 years
provide for operation irtterritoriesor possesions of absences The felt banner is one of Scotty'c many
of either rountry. Thanks to wurk behind tiie parting gifts to the club, of which he is Honorary Member.
ttceneu by fU&mu df>n Emetteur* FrancatSj the He "invented" the now famous "DU0DM" and "DU5DM"
agreement has now extended to cover all DXpedlHons to Corregidor and Leyte. L to r.: *x-OP!GZ,
e»-KAl BL, DU1SA, VK3ZLU, DU1EA, DU1GF, W3EFZ,
areas where licenses are issued by the two gov- DUIOR, W3EIV, DU1BEN, and Earl Harnbostel of DUIFH.
ernments.
^m•••MM

The Union Beige tits A mabunr Emetttur* OVERSEAS VISITORS

\cifthea to mil attention to an inappropriate ON During 1060, lARU/JJfitL headquarters vras
QSL Bureau address which was reported in the honored by many nvereeatf visitor*, including a
CaUbook. The correct address tJBA QtfL number of officer* uf weiober-tMrietie*. Prefixes
Bureau, Postbox 034, Brussels 1, Belgium. rpprewntad were: HB, VE, DL, 0 , FY, OA,
OX, EL, VK, GM, 8K1, Oli, OK, JA, ISA, LA,
T h e Club d* Radio Hxpcrimentadore* de tiY5, MR, IT, and IIC. All overseas amateurs are
ragua reports that their CJovprnmeiiti Communi- invited to visit IARU headquarters while in the
cations department has authorised the use of the USA. Normal visiting hours arc Monday through
prefix JIT in place of YVf by Nicaraguan ama- Friday, 8:30 to 4:00; other times by appointment.
teurs during 1970. CHES says, "This authoriza-
tion is part of the Government's participation in WORKED ALL CONTINENTS?
if
our Silver Anniversary.1 The [AKU WAC aw*trd continues in wnjoy
high ]ioptilarity. iJuring ivtil), headquarters
issued about 2000 awards. They included 8H3
for sab, 5 for RTTY, 3 for 3.5 Mils, and 1 for
30 MU*. If you are interested in applying for this
award, send to the f ARU society in your country,
a confirmation from each of the nix continents
(North America, South America, Europe, Africa,
Asia, and Oceania) along with your name and
address and sufficient return postage, (linadian
and U.8. amateurs should, uf course, send their*
to ARRL, Newington, Conn. 06111*

Japan Amaimr league officials present 1969

Radio
AMU International DX Competition awards to JA1AEA.
From left are JAIIQS^ awards and Q5L manager;
JA1XMK, secretary; JA1AEA; JA1AC, president; and
JA1AN, vice-president.

QST for
 ARPS 4. The baBe layer is very thin. This thinness is
tCvntinnnd from pag* SO) extremely important to the operation o! the
transistor.
KBN (Ky.)\ WtUf, WARTS, NTN (Wash,); KJ8PN
(K.I.): ILN flU.); MJN, MSN. MSPN (MinaJ; NCNK 5. A large percentage of these holes diffuse com-
IUTN (Manj; AENB, AKNJX AKNII, AENR pletely through the thin base region and are
(Ala-); WVN {.W, Vft.): MNVN NJU VlJ; QKt* enptured by the negative inns in the collector
(KJLD*). region.
Tynnjomtf runlaZ Corps.
-Vwrmfrer reiwrf*. 6. With carefid manufacture, it js possible to
fiwtc- % flue- cause more than 08 per cent of the holes to
ton* c&xftil Traffic Traffic migrate completely through the ba#e region —
K»#t 320 87.0 19W thus, only two per cent of the holes combine
Central 90 16J 4 73J5
Pacific J g{) 1946 »74 with excess electron* in the base region.
fctamtnary..., 330 w>,6 MttS 2441 7- In the first place, the arrowhead is on the
The TCC Roster: Eastern An» iWUBML, »ir.)— emitter lead, not the collector lead. In the
Wt* KJG WJAr YKQ, KlKtiti, irfc FR GKZ PIT CJC, second place, it points outward on an npn
K** KIR RYH, irAfc BLV CAL JJMO UWAP W3KAU,,
K&AIVO, Wk NLC SQQ, UQ, K4KNP, H'S* JXJ UM. transistor; that in, in the direction of con-
K8KMQ. (Ventral Area OVH,CX, Dir.) — W400G, ventional current.
K4AT, VV5&IX, IFfa CXY VAYP »\4Pp RAK VSM,
HI 1NH IjCX UCKfcliN.Pacific Ar«a <W7DZX, Dir.* — Six mA; (if 98 per cent of the current leaves
U'* BGF HNX HOT IPC 1PW VNtl VZT, KtfbYX, via the collector, then two per cent leaves
RM«t ORG LKA HO*. WBOIIYA, W7* GUT KZ, WA7- via the base. Thus, the amplification, or gain,
CLF, KrfjSP. of the circuit is U8/2 =49. Consequently,
/tufopvnffenltftfRtporf*, if 294 m Pl flows in the collector, than 294/49
lSwiotu Ctyflrjwn* Traffic
Northetot Traffic,, JO 303 460 = 6 mA will flow in the base).
Clearing; IIouhs 373 221
North American W M .25 tiW 3]*
20 Meter ISSIi 19 426 3740
Mike Karad E & T 35 325 261 RULES FOB LIFE MEMBERSHIP
All flerviw* ft «9 44
7290 Tratiio 3S 1602 7fl0 1. Life Membership is granted only by
Hit 4k JJoune®, 30 342 460 the Executive Committee, upon proper
application from a Full (UJL or Canadian
licensed) Member*

Let's Talk Transistors 2t The Life Membership fee is twenty times

the annual dues rate, or currently $130.
{Continiteri from patfe iff)

the center, or towc layirt thicker or thinner
than outside layers?
G. In the pnp trausUtur, what happen* to mxiny
of the holes thai migrate inward the base, across
the fonvard-biased iticr-ba&e j u nctionf
6. What percentage of the holes that migrate from
the emitter region toward the. haw region actually
combine with exctsn rlrrtron* in the hats* region t
7. On a transistor symbolf tIocs the arrowhead on the
collctiOT lend print intrant or automrdf
8. In a tramiator^ if ftil /wt cmt vf the current
flowing into the emitter actually leave* via the
collector irhat enrrent rating toggle
switch in the base lead hniv ifth* collector current
to be interrupted is £94 mA t
Answer*:
1. In a pnp transistor, thft firgt and third layers
are of p-type material while the second, or
middle layer, Is n-type materia). In au npu
transi^hjr, the opposite in true.
2. The junction between the Hrnt and *eci»nd
laymt is forward biawd (thim \\ in little more
than i* forward hia^ed diode), and the junction
lietwcen the second and third layei^ ia reverse
bia^efl fngaiti, little more than a reverse biaued
diode).
3. Elxact-ly the dame as with the pnp transistor.
The lin*t junction is forward biased and the
second junction is reverse biased.
3. An applicant may choose an alternative
time-payment plan uf 8 quarterly instal-
mentd, 316.25 each. In such instance he
will be provided an interim two-year Full
Membewhip certificate. Upon completion
of the payments, the application will be
presented to the Executive Committee for
approval,
4. Life Memberships are non-transferable
and dues pay men tA are non-refundable.
In the event an applicant is unabln to
complete payments on the instalment plan,
he. will be given a term of membership,
at the annual dues rate, commensurate
wilh payments received.
r>a Other licensed amateurism the name family,
and at the same address, of a Life Member
may retain or obtain Family Membership
upon payimmtof the annual dues of $1, but
without receipt of Q8T. The dues of the
Family Member may be prepaid for any
number of years in advance, but there is
no special rate.
6. Application forms are available upon
request from the Secretary, AUHU New-
ington, Conn. 06111,

February 1970 69
 T h d W o i a
CONDUCTED B Y BILL SMITH,* K0CER
GeminicU, 1 9 6 9
ou J44-MIIs meteor scatter buffa who aat out
Ythe December Geiniuida shower because of
poor meteor activity during the pu«t four yearn
iniaaed a *how at the end of 1VI6U. In farst,
most of November {with the notable exception
of the Leonidvtihower period) and December were
excellent.
The Geminida, like the August Perseids, is a
more-or-lefis evenly distributed shower, with nul
too much variation in year-to-year activity, and
doesn't normally have a "peak year." This year,
however, may have been an exception, fctevural
contacts were reported in iale November and
early December on random meteum. Random
meteorw are not normally associated with the
known and somewhat predictablerfhowenj.One
of the more notable contacts watt made November
21 when W50RH, Oklahoma, and W6Wfcjq
exchanged repwte on 230 MHs over a 1152-mile
path.
But things really Rot fulling l>emnbcr U
when K0MQ8, Jowa, worked W4CKB in with*
central Florida. The Gi-minid* apparently peaked
the mnrtiing of the 13th, but numerous contacts
were reported the tufchfc of the 12th and through
the morning of the J4th. The finest showing,
at tlie time of ihiw writing, was from KBMQfci.
Dick made at feaat lu contacts, from Connecticut
to Florida to Utah!
What we're getting at is thi*. If you want to
work 144-MIfa meteor scatter DX you had best
work every shower — and those random meteor
achednles pay off also. Many station* are running
random urhudules, especially Saturday aud
Sunday morninpp.
The Sunday night 7r>-meter vhf net*, which
meet on &980 MHz, am a good place to Learn
who's doing what. Usually they bemme active
after 9 p.m., local time. The largest, is probably
the midwest- group which meet* at p.m.
with W5UCO or W5IIFV as net control station.
Stations on both coasts are regularly active in
this gathering.
If you're just beginning the meteor scatter fun,
select a station NUO to i 100 miles from you and
make s- whedule. The MOM- to 1100-mile range
is optimum for randomraetenrHand is likely to
produce Home return for your efforts any morning
around dawn, [jeave the longer paths for ghowcr
periods. The old-time {that should draw some
reaction) ma operators are regularly mentioned
in this column and welcome new ms prospect*.
* 8end report* and correipondmro fc«> JULL tbnith
K&tJER, AKRL, 220 Main tit., Newiotfoa. Conn. Obi 11,
70
Rocordm
From time to time we run a list of rero^nixed two-
way DX records for the amateur bandy above 50
Mils. The twui-da box in October, 11)00, W P
contained nn error, pointed out to uh by M Munn,
VVflOV J- The DX twoni tar MM AJlla <\*uuxiunie*-
tion, held by WiilYti and WBVIX, is l'JO miles, nut
UNi, There are other recorda connected with Don
Thompson, IVOIJK nvw defeated. that should be
recognixed.
The HA-mHe contact, made in June, 1UM, j* the
locigebt-^tanding of all our microwave records. But
it is only one of six *uch records for microwave work
shared, at one time or another, by W'GIFK WHOYJ
sayb that an examination of WHIFE'a Jog »howis over
turn two-*tiv QSi.hi on frequencies abov V3UU MUm
*incc 19rl(l — and Don began his microwave career
in lU4tt.
WAlFfi was the jjr»t to jmpIenOTit tb* ^beer-mn
iwlaplexer," now widely u«ed in amateur microwave
wurk, and he used a version of it to receive
M tla ttignals from the Lunar Urbiter, near the moon,
m lU'iti. Appropriately, the Han Bernardino
Microwave Society applied for, and haw received,
WtilFK a» a dub rail; witely a fitting tribute to an
otitutanding amateur.
While OIL the aubject <if reronU, once over tightly
about the »taiidinas boxes for 144. ii'Jr.i and l!i0.
Nearly three yearn ago we revised the boxes, at-
tempting mmr accurately to record current activity
while retaining aotrie of the more noteworthy
previous achievement* The haxe* we re started a^ain
freeh after anking dwryotx^ tibted who wtuhed to
iviiiain t^it, to jot down the state* he had worked,
the call of the tftatjon contacted and the he»t OX.
Thow who did not reply were dropped only because
the lauk of a reply indicated to u^ no further intarenb
in bein^ luted. I'm still hearing butne nepercuHKioub.
All that ]« ne^etida^1 to be included is your liut,
an long your total exfteedu or equals the toweat
raukeil Htatinn in your <mil area. U.S. btationb may
flaini >»tate ;uid call area rrt*rlit only for fitaten, not
Canadian provinm^ ^'ntmilian applicants may aluo
claim «mly U.B. ^taten and call areaA. BeMt DX
worked i» independent «if oountrieH; if you have
;vorked 31 KtsLte* in H /JJ?, call a read, hut a i£uru(iean
1m your a* ia the raw with Motoe moon-
bounce uperatom, ,vuu ma}* claim the distance to
Europe hi* your he^
What thin all leadu to ia hopefully thefin>tWA3
on 144 M1U, aud perhaps on one of the btill higher
frcf]uenf'A' han<i^ AHitL ha» a WAR awanl nile
that all contacts moat be made within a 25-mile
mdins of the original location. If you relocate raore
than miles away, you must atait over on your
\\ Thia rule has t^iwially haiii-hit some vhfera,
the latest liping KtfMQB. 13irk rt-mttly moved
about HXi niileb s»>uth of Iilr previous loeation, from
which he had worked 4.^ states on 144 MH&. it he
happeim that L>ick is probably* less than in mile*
JiflEerent in dibtanee from any at»te than he was al
QST for
his first location. But his station location was moved
ivtorv* than the 25 miles allowed under the rules, so
Dick has to *tart again. Surrendering a rerord of
46 states in all 10 call areas is not easy, but we know
that K0MQ3 won't be missing long from the 2-meter
box. He already has enough worked to be relisted.
Another long-time vhfer affected is Don Brown,
WUSM. Don, like K0JV1Q3, was the leader in states
worked from his call area. Certainly 3T> states
worked from Massachusetts represents no small
effort on Don's part, but Don recently moved to
New Hampshire where he is again at work accumu-
lating states on 2 meter*. K1HTV had perhasis
the worst break of all. Rich moved from Thorn p-
sonvUle to Merideu, Conn., just uver the ^5-mile
limit, lie is already bark to top position in Con-
necticut on 144v and is leading the first call area
on 432 — all in less than a year I
Activity Nights
Let me stress activity — not contest* We intro-
duced the Activity Nights in the September, lfMM
column* after much prodding from individuals who
wanted specific nights uf concentrated activity on
144, 220 and 420. These nights are the first, second
and third Saturdays of uach month (except months
of regularly-scheduled ARKL vhf contests) for 144,
220 and 42l)» respectively. We requested that par-
ticipating stations quickly mail a lUt of stations
contacted and the best D X worked, so we could see
how well the idea was being received, Karly indica-
tions were not favorable, but as VE2DFO pointed
out, the activity night idea is new and will require
months to herome generally known. The December
fi 2-meter activity night *howud a marked improve-
ment in reporting and activity.
It drew report* from W1AZK, W2WGL, WB231H,
W3HB, W8DGF and VK2DFO. From their log* we
note 51 other stations reported active. WB2S1H
reports the best D X worked— W4FJ, in Virginia,
325 miles; not bad for a winter night of poor tropo
conditions. Just goes to show what can be done if one
just gets on the air.
Again, these are not contests, but rather nights of
concentrated activity, that if properly used can serve
well the purposes of trying out new equipment and
holding interest in consistent vhf operation.
432-to-1296 Tropo Correlation
WA9IIITV has sent an interesting report on tropo
correlations bet ween43M and 1296 MHz oti skeds with
W0J1V, a path distance of 175 miles from Chicago
and 1 ndianapolis. W ABU IT V kept records of
weather conditions and signal level comparisons,
always beginning their schedules on 432, then
switching to L2U6. These schedules have been
carried on for nearly one- year, but until September,
frequent equipment changes at both stations made
accurate comparisons difficult. During September,
October and November their equipment remained
static BO the comparisons became more meaningful.
Norm, WA911UV, plotted data from his log on a
graph, see Fig. 1. Schedule dates are shown on the
absicca. Signal strengths plotted are median values,
the mid-range uf the signal level on lxisti-rneter<to
compensate for fading. Values are referenced, in dB.
above the noise at Chicago. Notice that for each
schedule the 3-meter reading for 432, on the left,
and for 1296, on the right, are compared. The daubed
extension normalises 1296-to-43tt uti the basis on
equal effective radiated power. This was done by
adding 7 dB to each 1296 amplitude since W9JIY
has an estimated 11 dB. more rf power on 432, but
February 1970
T<7>DIS MEDIAN VALUE? ABOVE
AMMMT NOSE LEVEL
AT CHCACO
m «
4- %
S
T ISIS LEVEL
•
5
4
VI
H3
?
All u u s 13 WW 17
•SEPT OCT •NOV—
fig. 1—Comparison of 432- and 1294-MHz signals
over a 175-mile path, Chicago to IndianapoBs, Fall 1969.
The left line is 432 MHz, the right line 1296 MHz.
about 6 dB less antenna gain. Additional feedline
loss at 1296 is estimated to be 1 dB r The chart is
encouraging in terms of point-to-point 1296 com-
munication. It says if you can work on 432, >ou
cart also work on 1296,
Both stations use 7-foot dishes fed with 6-inch
circular horns and horizontal polarization. W9J1Y'»
dish is 45 feet high, WAdHUVn at 35 feet. Both use
J-g-inch Heliax cable.
Referring again to Fig. 1, notice the tropo opening
(perhaps it was a duct) on September 7. Similar
conditions were noted on May 19 and June 9.
WA9HUV says one burprUe to him is the fairly
close correlation between the two bands. Norm did
not expect the propagation loss on 1296 to be bo
consistently close to that on 432. Indeed, the chart
shows 1296 to sometimes be superior to 432*
Thanks, Norm, for the data. Anyone have similar
experience fur comparison to WASHUV's and
WQJIY's results?
Moonbouncm, Now Zealand Style
Ordinarily, we avoid quoting long excerpts from
received correspondence. But a recent letter from
John, ZLlAZR, co-holder of the world's D X record
on 144 M Hz, is too interesting to paraphrase — and
the challenge he offers is" certainly worthwhile.
"Have still been carrying out schedules with
Kjell, 8M7BAB, and had successful 2-way QtiUs
mi Sept, 25, Nov. 6 and Dec* This brings my tally
up to 5 contacts with 8M7BAE and i contact with
L>ickfl K0MQS. SM7BAE also had a couple uf near
misses recently with Ray, VK3ATN.
I am now receiving my own echoes frequently
during schedules with Sweden, no doubt because of
the several dB ground-reflection gain I apparently
obtain at the Low-elevation angle*; however I don't
have much success with echoes at the higher angles*
T am still using the Bame 8 hays uf 6/6 sIot-Yagis but
now have the new 4<JX250s final amplifier going
very welL
When I eliminate my 2 ^ - d B feedline loan, some
of the other fellows may be able to hear me better,
hut [ have reached the limit for receive capability,
because the antenna is now the limiting factor. It
is not possible for me to erect a larger array so I
gue** n i have to start getting more exotic in the
way of upecial weak-signal receiving techniques.
The following notes may be of interest to anyone
wanting to try EME work in a far-from-xdeal loca*
71

Test pattern of K6VLM, a* received at K6KTP, The
15-watt video picture wa> transmitted on 435 MHz. Audio
[» on 146. Both operators are associated with the 58"
member Southern California ATV Club, WA6EVQ
president, (photo via W60RGJ
The ATV signal of W 6 C M Q , as received of K6VLM
over an BO-mile path. Video output power at W 6 C M Q
is 2 watts!
tion Hijtrh a * mine, in a built-up suburb of a large
city.
T h e iiru-t thing is to build the Isrgpst. feasible
array for the available space. M y experiemre ahows
that a u array physical area of mme 2LM>y-EU f w t is
about minimum, and the JIumber uf eVmenU i* not
too important, providing they m p r o p e r l y mati-hed
and d r i m . Liberal use uf universal s t u b s and a res-
tful endeavour tn keep the impedances high through- time i*f the trLagjui&ccut bignais radiated by the fcl
out the phasing fc^stem hat? proved, at leant in my
case, t o be uf utmost importance.
T h e height of the array d o * * not Appear to he of
major significance; mine in (inly 20 feet high in the
m i t r e . T h e nil.* for the array should he chosen (if
y m are lucky enough to have any choice !j to allow
a clear take-off at 1 our MUgl*** m a t Iea*t one direction, enough regular contact*? tu retain 1 i n t e r ^ t are ver
preferably east nr west.
M y low-height, low-gain array has a i-l«ar take-off
only to the north of west where the main lobe man-
ages to srutak through a gap lietween my hou«e and
JIiy next door neighbour's through a M M * uf p o m
and telephone lines out nn the street. My grvafcKt
ground reflection gain iK'curd between lu a n d 14
degrees elevation. M y antenna is nut. n Kite it-driven
and 1 seldom bother ti> track the moon during a
schedule. This t* a nerious drawback liecuuse F » r a -
d a y rotation maybe most unfavourable during a
72
particular part of the {schedule when the antenna 1*
actually on the moon. However, X have had a lot of
enjoyment and enough success to keep my interest
by the primitive expedient of presetting the array
to be on the moon a t the centre of the schedule time,
a u d trusting to hick.
The next most important item is a 0tW rf preamp
mounted a s clone1 o the antenna feed point a * possible.
There uu doubt in my mind, after trying all sort*
of exotic i ? E T s and transistor*, that the BN 140 dual-
gate K K T is probably the best 2-meter rf amplifier
From the point of view of the home constructor, the
fact that no neutralising jvquized and test noise
figure occurs very clone to the maximum-gain tuning
adjustment means that the average hloke can
sure bin preauip U doing just a s well a s anyone's.
I a n in the fortunate position uf having access to a
tine collection of uhf test equipment through my
j " b * aud results always lead back to the s a m e con-
clusions regarding the 3N14U. T h i s device producer
far tou much rf gain a t 2 meters so almost a n y
coax can he used bark tn the main <*urivertor.
1 also u&e » 10 rlB pad a t the converter input. I t is
fatal to hit the first mixer with too much noi&f,
when most of the signals are in there amongst it
somewhere. T h e main cuuvertor here uses a 3N140
rf stage a n d a 3N141 mixer, with output a t 14 M i l s .
A 1*5 to 2 d B noise figure is consistently obtainable.
T h e must important point regarding the tunable
i-f is that it m u s t be very stable, and preferably have
u limited total tuning range of about 10 to ft) k l l g .
With a marginai set up such a s 1 have here, ib is
impossible to time mure than a few k l l s from the
nominated frequency with a n y hope of finding these
weak signals. An i-f bandwidth around 500 Herts
j * desirable, although recently schedules uiiug a
3 - k f l z j-f bandwidth have proved successful, The
audio output should b e fed through a tilter of about
to frJ Herts bandwidth, and, for best readability,
watered on an audzo tone around 350 to A50 Hertz.
I t is a great help if the audio iilter is tunable in
frequency.
1 believe many fellow* lose internist in E M E work
becautse of the hair-raising articles they read aboul
tracking systems, 100-acre lots, parametric ampt
and so forth. 1 would like tn tell there chapa that <
lot of and perianal satisfaction cau b<
gained by persevering with the best possible aynten
j o u can atford within the confines of yard s p a a
available.
A* long a s you pow*\*5 sulttcient technical know!
edge to make bure «hv)i separate part of your systen
is performing to its limit, one can be ct-rtain to hea
K M E signals, bub it is H^-ritial to lerdise you
system limitations. For instance, by taking advan
lows with the big rhcmibica, it ia p w i b l e to ge
good result* with tlie uiost marginal setup, becaus
uf tlie excess gain at oiw vnd of the riicuit. Similarly
by scheduling other* a t wither extreme distances u
at the partinilar elevation angle where grouni
thHectiou can ucld the n^lra dUs, the chances i
guitd. own h M E ei^uipment all home-brc^
and the antenna was built and elected with only th
aid of my wife. T h e problems involved in the builc
ing of ftjuipmenb and antennas can be uvereom
mostly by perseverance!
I'ersotuUlVt 1 found the tnost ditliculb part of th
whole KM hi buhineso was learning how to rest
azimuth and elevation tables to establish the puh
t.ion of the unxm. i l r m w r , this problem has no
been ov^rrome by the good eftorbn of m y friends i
the IT.S. who provide me with computer d a t a for tl
Q s r fo
rather tedious calculations involved in working o u t Hide o f t h e s y s t e m . I d o n ' t f a n c y t h e i d e a o f t r y i n g
t i m e a f o r luug. d i s t a n c e t w t » w h e r e m u t u a l itkkhl- this sort of phaaiug p r o b l e m for transmitting,
f i m e is pretty limited. E M E w o r k o n a n y band is though/'
d i f f i c u l t , b u t it in n o t s o d i f f i c u l t t h a t it s h o u l d
prevent anyone who believes h e k n o w s what he's OV3 and Oparetingr Neww
doing from having a go. 5 0 - M I I z O X e r 3 are finding picking* mighty
A n o t h e r a s p e c t w h i c h require* s o m a c o m m e n t i s d i m t h i s winter, N o foreign o p e n i n g s h a v e been
the widely held and often quoted v i e w that o n e is imported 8mr>e e a r l y fall, arid t h a t i n c l u d e s t h e
wBAting t i m e unless b e c a n h e a r his o w n echutw- T h i s ex|>ected n i g h t - t i m e T E p a t h s i n t o S o u t h A m e r i c a ,
i s u t t e r r u b b i s h ; i t is v e r y m u c h m o r e d i f f i c u l t t o a t least f r o m t h e s o u t h e r n l a t i t u d e s o f t h e U . 8 .
hear y o u r o w n e c h o e s t h a n it i* t o d e t e c t s o m e o n e H o w e v e r , cnir f r i e n d s i n M e x i c o a n d S o u t h A m e r i c a
elses fcignalKt p a r t i c u l a r l y w i t h m a r g i n a l EMK have been working other. W B t t U Y G notes
c a p a b i l i t y . W i t h s u c h a s y s t e m , the a n t e n n a h a s t o
t h e m u f r u n n i n g a r o u n d 41 M H s m o s t d a y * t o t h e
be aimed exactly a t the moon. T h a i * can be no
east c o a * t .
f r e q u e n c y c i i a n g p a n y w h e r e i n t h e s y s t e m d u e t-o a c
T h e w i n t e r E s e a s o n h a s been s o m e w h a t m o r e
m a i n * variation d u r i n g b p i i d / r e c e i v e i n t e r v a l s , a n d ,
f r u i t f u l , W B 4 B N D , F l o r i d a , s a y s t h e he»t o p e n i n g
until s o m e e x p e r i e n c e is g a i n e d , it ja d i f f i c u l t t o
w a s N o v . 2 9 w h e n h e w o r k e d a * f a r n o r t h a « Matusar
" g u e s s t i m a t e " doppler shift, particularly when
c h u s e t t a a n d w e s t t o t h e 8s, I n O r e g o n , W A 7 G F P
n a r r o w - b a n d w i d t h a u d i o fiiteru are uued. i n v i e w o f
reports w o r k i n g 6s N o v . 6 and 21. K 7 I C W , N e v a d a ,
m y i n a b i l i t y t o find s p a c e t o e x t e n d t h e preheat
s a y s N o v e m b e r w a s a complete h l a u k — n o T / X . » f
array, I ' v e given t h o u g h t t o the idea of using t w o
uiiy description, except some meteor scatter during
sseparaie a r r a y * o n e o n e a c h Hide o f t h e h o u s e , p e r -
t h e L e o n i d s nn t h e 16th*
h a p s u s i n g p"lariKHtion t o e s t a b l i s h a g r e a t e r
physical aperture. T h e a d o p t i v e array scheme, using I n . C o l o r a d o , W 0 M T K r e p o r t s E& o n D e c . 14 a n d
Home f o r m o f a u t o m a t i c p h a s i n g b e t w e e n a r r a y s , is a IS, during which he worked f r o m Illinois to T e x a s
v e r y p r o m i s i n g field o f e x p e r i m e n t s f o r t h e r e c e i v i n g t o W&ahmgtoxL B i l l h a s r e c e n t l y c o m p l e t e d a n
a r r a y o f f o u r 4 - e l e r n e n t V a g i s s p a c e d 14 f e e t a p a r t
i n b o t h p l a n e s . W i t h t h a t a r r a y , a n d a Hwan 25U,
B i l l w o r k s s u c c e s s f u l s c a t t e r w i t h m a n y tts, i n c l u d i n g
K H P Y I 1 , KOI B Y a n d W A 6 A K M .
T h e G r e a t e r Wt-tebur^h V h f S o c i e t y i s o f f e r i n g a
KUBB...84 8 1478 7 1254
W!AEK„.&4 8 1418 K & T T K . . . 18 6 1830 h a n d s o m e t^rtifiratie. T h e a w a r d ia i^nued t o s t a t i o n s
K I H T V . r>33 8 1810 &uhmitting a list o f s t a t i o n s w o r k e d in 2 5 d i f f e r e n t
8 1800 WfiOPO., .18 5 1328
K1UOU. . . 3 0 8 1870 WttWHi*.. .16 1890 A R R L c o u n t r i e s . T h e litft m a y b e sent t o t h e S o c i e t y
8 1800 K8E1AA., .18 1380
h. LBKK...28 7 i m h1. KJU2 iiaaselhurflt A v e n u e , P i t t s b u r g h , P h . 1 5 2 2 7 ,
WSNJ-fc. . . 1 2 2540
W'iVTU, ..29 8 1898 KWYO, r . . i5t 1240 a n d should give the call of the station worked, the
7 1878 1258
WTKJH. 1100 city a n d country wheie located, date, time a n d
WlHDq...2« 1040 m o d e . T h e Bociety apparently d o e s n o t request a n
K1IUU....21 1450 W7JRO, ( . S 7 1820
KlMTJ. ..20 1288 JWN1I 35 1290 a p p l i c a t i o n f e e , b u t I ' m mire a s t a m p e d , legalnsived
K 1 J 1 X . . - . ltf 81)0 K71CW*,. .16 1246
K7VTM...10 950 e n v e l o p e f o r mailing the certificate w o u l d be
W2NLY...87 8 1800 appreciated*
WWW'm.W 8 1860 W X P T . . . , .41 9 1280
8 18*1 K 8 A X U . . .88 U 1375 1 4 4 - M H & D X e r s did well during the D e c e m b e r
W2BLV,, 8 llfiO 8
8 J 880 W&IDT... .85 8 II81 Gemirtids m e t e o r s h o w e r , us p r e v i o u s l y n o t e d .
WA2FOK,.83 8 1840 KSDEO.. .88 8 C o n t a c t s reported at deadline include the folloiwng.
T£2*mit. * ttlft W 8 1 D U . . .27 8 1160
WA201K..81 8 1160 W8NOET..26 8 1165 IV2VUX: K 9 I M X / 4 , VVyMAU W A 9 D O T
W2CUX...Z7 8 1884 W8T1U,.. .84 8 1000 WBMSlfr: K 9 I M X / 4 , K 0 M Q 8
W 3 0 K 8 , ..28 8 K8JSE8 22 675
KJ2DNR...2* iSK WA8VBG.1& EM W&GRB: K 0 M Q S
WB»m.,.24 6 1000 W4TSS; K 0 M Q S
W2CNB., .29 8 3100 K9RQIV, ,411 1300
W2DWJ r .2$ 8 800 1808 K&IMX/4: WiiCUX, K2HTH, WB2SIHr
WA2UMB.28 8 18*8 K9JLAJ,. ..41 1200
WB2FXB..21 tf 915 K9U1F....41 1150 W4YYF, VE3A80
K 2 Y C O . . .20 7 750 W9AAO,,.39 1200 K7VT\f: K 7 I C W , W Q M A U W 9 Y Y V . KJJCER
WA2PMW.19 8 2001) WVVVF...86 « 1050
W91FA.., .88 ft 1080 W0LER: W4YK&I K7NI1
WSRTfE. v .30 8 1100 W 9 F B P , , .32 8 820
W8KWH. .35 8 1886- K0CEH: W3BHG, K7VTM, WSNlfM, VB2DFO
W3GKP . .32 8 IJ 08 WftBfB. , . 4 5 10 1380 K0JJQS: K 1 B K K , W A 1 L N J , W B ^ B I H , W 4 C K B ,
W3BHG...8U * mn WttHXF.,.44 10 1869
K3CFA.,,, .565 8 1200 W»nCQr..,4l 9 1800 W4IFS, W4VH11, VV6GVE, W71MJT,
W8Bl>i\,.*5 8 1100 W0LKE.. _40 9 1100 K0AWU, VE2DFO
W8HB....2*
KSLMftf.^.al
K 3 0 B U . . .21
f 3810
83
t r o i i E R , . .88
W|EYE I ( .85
9
9
1440
1880 VETBQH: W0BNC
W3TFA...30 1848 9 I860
WAEMS...8* 9 1220 W e h a v e r e c e i v e d ahso these a d d i t i o n a l r e p o r t s o n
W&LttF,,. L0 700 8 1000
WAaOM^l* KtttiER,. .27 the N o v e m b e r Leonids. V E 2 D F O worked W 9 V W Y
8 1205
W4HJQ.„ .80 9 1150 9 1296 a n d W A 9 U H B o n a single l H - m n m t e b u r s t tlie 1 6 t h .
W4WNH,.8fi 0 1850 W t f L E R w o r k e i l W 2 C U X , a l s o o n t h e Itfth, a f t e r
W4HHK...3S f&DO .1 1 5100
K4EJQ. i , .87 § \in KH6LTK....2 2 2540 h e a r i n g a 1 7 - s e c o n d b u r « t w h i l e W2GTJX was
KiIXa.^80 8 1408 OH1NL....I 1 585U
K4QU...„8d t t m i n g - u p p r i o r t o t h e s c h e d u l e . A n d likewise o n t h e
8 1825 VE1AUC...7
W4CKB.. >35 8 1440 500 16th, K 7 V T M w o r k e d V E 7 B Q H o n a M - w o n d
K4<MB\.. .85 8 1835 VB2DFO i. 28 1340
W4PJ 84 8 1150 V£2BGJ».. 17 975 burst. W l A Z K reports another r a n d o m ma c o n t a c t
W4VHH.. 8 ilOO V E 2 H W . . . 11 B00 with £ 4 G L , t h e latest o n N o v . 9 . K 4 G L h a s o n e o f
W4AW8-..W S 1350 Y&8H2U..33 i§*a
VERBQNi .81 125U t h e finest m s signals in t h e
10 139A VE8A1B...29 1840
W5troo.,.48 VE&AM...2H 8 A i u c h m o o n b r m n o e a c t i v i t y w a s e x p e c t e d In l a t e
WfittCl... 9 1289 1285
K.5WX2.. .88 10 1480 8 UOO D e c e m b e r as the moon passed through the w i n d o w
WSHFV., ,8ft 10 1285 VE7RQH.. 8 1248
W5AJG... .88 9 1860 o f t h e large a r r a y a t W 1 F Z J / K P 4 . A n u m b e r of
W5UKQ*..29 8 1150 VK3ATN. i . 8 8 10417 stateside stations were expected t o he a c t i v e as well
The fljtutts sfter ettih rail Tffer to B t a t c a l l KTTtfNS w i t h a 4 - l a y e r r h o m b i c , 3 M 7 B A E a n d
stul mQe«ge of heet DJL JKevlsed Jaavary» 1970. V K 3 A T N . K e i M V C w a s rushing t o c o m p l e t e a
- i O X l O O O K final f o r t h e t e s t . M o r e o n t h a t n e x t

F e b r u a r y 1 9 7 0 7 3
 KirCBA, who Is preparing to work WB6NMT on
tnooubounce, heard his first EME echoes on Nov. 23.
220- mnd 420-MHz. STANDING Jud runs KMi watts output to a 2tf-foot dish.
tooMHu WBrtNWT says November and December were used
W 1 H D Q . , .18 5 4AA K31TTV , IS ft 780
K U I X , ,, ilS 4 GUU AVARUE.« .14 < ftSft preparing for the KME tests with K^CBA. Luuia
K1BFA... ..tf 3 22ft W8UJC.-. 41HJ
built deveral preainpa, worked uu the antenna, arid
rrerrBA... .17 5 jnsin W4FJ 7 un au amplifier built around a pair of 40X3UUA*,
W2UWJ.. 5 740 K4QIF,., IV • UlAft
K 2 D N R . r . IS ft 600 .13 6 5*0 He says W7CNK will soon join the growing group of
WMKU,„
K9RTH ,,
6
4
236
til*)
K4KJU. ft
4
ftflfc mtxmbouncera. W7CNK nhoitld have a 160-
W4VHK.. .IS 760
,10 4 44V K4SUN1,. . 1 1 h 420 element eollinear array completed just about now.
K4NTD.. SSft 432-MIIz t as well as the uther vhf/uhf bands,
WZUJQ.. o MU K4GL r»7
W7SRUK.. . 1 0 h 4H0 suffered from the holiday *eamju and the seasonally
EL3IUV.•. . 1 0 4 S10 W&RCI... 6 SMI
W 5 0 R U . .12 4 7HD reduced tropo conditions. WfiWBiit having just
K4IXC,., ..3
K4GX, 2
1U90 W4AJO.. 7 5 10 LU completed a kVV. for ran a Leonid* ms schedule
WAU KCJ. £ 590
WSAWK. . .3 2 with W0EYK, but nothing m heard either way*
W 6 W J L , . .10 ft flin K4&KJ and W0DKL also tried Leunid* but
W6AJG,.. 3 lU6U weriQj . . .4 2 3S0
2 S«Q in 2 hours Bunky heard only a ^second burst from
CT6WSQ,. 4 1142 K7THW... 2 Kansas Saya Bunky, " m.a. at 432 is likely, but hard
250 W7JRQ,. a 430
K7ICW, .
W 7 J R Q , . , ,2
2rp
u work!" K4KJQ wanta ucheitulea with Alabama,
W8FT • . . .11 s wtu WSVTO.., . 1 9 7 8«l Georgia, Mississippi and We*t Virginia.
KHMK)., 7 675
mhiYEtJ 4 910 K S R K G . . .Jil 7 700 WAtfULG, Michigan, is a newcomer to the hand.
4 450
WHHVX*. . I S
W S C V A . . ,1ft
s
7 d^fi
Ted runs watts and a lti-elem^nt cnllinear, his
VJS3AIB.. . . 7
WKMNT.. . I S 7 <W0 b«st DX is K9UMB at ISO miles. W8CVCJ says,
U0 Mh* WKRUL. . . 10 A 4Zft ^activity «m«mlly low." But W9J1Y, Indianapolis,
K I H T V , . .15 4 610 WAHVHO . sS S 626
K^biAV/1, a 7<K1 WSFWF ..7 4 4A0 reports working WSRUE, Pennsylvania and
KIBVA.... . I S ft 71U W4PQU, Kentucky, in late November to bring his
W A U T K . .11 4 716 .19 7 S^fl
WTQVF., .10 5 4m> WABKUV, ..17 7 7S0 totals to 12 states wurked.
K U I X , , , .10 4 460 WtfAAG. .14 ft HOU 1296 a n d Up. On Nov. 21 \V4H"TIK received the
Si250 WA9N K T 6 560
H 926 WUJ1V., . . 1 3 Q SAO ft-baud (2286,25 MHs) voice channel from Apollo
K3AOQ... .23 K 9 A A J . . . . ISA fi 42ft
KJH'BA,,, .2(1 A W70 itVC-NN., .12 5 12 just after the Yankee Clipper left its lunar orbit
HAVE M B * I S e Tito for the return flight to earth. The reception began
uauvjti.^n 6 641) W0DRL.. .IS ft
6 11*6 just as the mr*m rose above the eastern horison
\VW.f|il«. , • 17 6 tm mIL»ER.. . . 8 S 709
6 S2ft WSLCN.. . . 3
W0EYE-. V
700
70S
at C'jllierville, Term. Paul was using an i&~foot dish
4 S30 antenna. He has vx>mpleted a kilowatt Uiywtrou
K 2 V C U . . ..H * R35
K i J A R O . . ..ft ft BKI> V U I H W . . . .4 3 760 amplifier for 2300 Mils and when terf* on the rig
WA2KUK, 4 VF^DRW 7 940
are done, Paul will resume KME tests with W3GKP.
...6
8
4 220 VB3A1H.. ..ft
* .7 5
4
510
460 WA9XHK *ay« h« is working ott a 2300 MHi
pulse hetup and would like to liear from those
similarly equipped-
WtfJTY keeps Monday night V m schedules with
mouth, but we do have t h e a r l i e r EME observe WA9H [TV and on Thursday night with W9ZIK.
tion*. KL7FNL reportedly heard Sam, VV1FZJ/- Signals ai* heard on every schedule, reaardle» of
KP4, on Nov* U5. The Alaskan is utsing an array of wenther conditions. MiH
H gtackcd Bwan Vagia. Three days later VE7JBQH
made hifi first EMJfi contact, working Jjjam on an
tfj-element c-ollinear array. V H23N A worked 3am
the game day using an array of four Yagis.
A lengthy letter from K4GGI/1 deacrihe* EME
atstivity. in New England. Lew saya that when
W1QXX worked W1FZJ/KP4 on September 2t
^ Strays
Jack was using a 96-eIemeut coliinear array sup-
ported on an extension ladder which leaned against
his garage. Power input was one kilowatt. November
2nd found WlMX workinjt Sam with an array of
sixteen 3-element cubical quads and a kilowatt.
Now these 2-meter note*. W60RH told VE2DFO
a good way to check bis receiving uystexn is to sweep
the antenna across a setting nun, Don's system
shows 3 to 6 dB H\m noise* confirmed by his recent
successes. W4ISS is a good bet for those needing
Georgia. Frank has stacked n-element Vagi* and
150 watts. W2WGL is one finding the activity nights
interesting. Charles runs 600 watts and 24-element
J-beam configuration. WxDGE, also making use of
activity nights, sports a kilowatt and long YagL
And on the West Coast, WJB8CYG asks, "where is
atl the local activity?" Stan has a kilowatt and 36-
element array in Kingsburg and is li&teuiiig for
activity around 144J.
320-MHz meteor ncatter is btill being investi-
gated, Both WSORH and WfiWSQ report their QST congratulate* Buddy Boyd, WA5VTA, on organiser
contact on November 21 using random meteors. of the Handicappers Information Net, on being recoQ*
WSOKil bay*, "ins at 220 is mu^h more difficult nixed by the State of Texas as a handicapped cittxen
than at 144; the stuff just isn't there!" who has made Man outstanding contribution to our Mdety,"

74 QST ior
 teirrfWI^ CONDUCTED BY ROD NEWKIRZ* W9BRD
Hows PX?
concern topics of interest today as then. Such as
Here we go again — your annual ARKL T)X 1-19. What wavelength do you consider best for
Test coming up! Bare operating sport, for one and working the U.S.?
all whether yuu go for snore or just puke around a M-2&, Are you troubled with power leaks at your
station?
bit to swap 73 with acme oversea* friend*. C-tfi, What do you think of work wn or tiear tea
This world-wide wireleas frolic now has forty meters?
years of tradition behind it, W2GP fondly recalls J-33. Wbat ik the proper way to ufte CQ?
the very first. "Did better in that contest than Get?, no queutionti on sex, religion and politics.
anyrixuse,"he *ays. No. 1 ran a couple ftf week* Pu&sibly hams of those days were more concerned
and required formal registration of intended with their craft. Anyway, nu2UF (the informal
participation. The League's Communication* Jower^cHHe prefixes were called intermediates
Department isuueri serial numbers to entrants, then, oa for Oceania^Autftralia, eg for Europe-
along with several sheets of questions of sentence Great Britain, ei for Italy, etc.) succeeded in
length. QiSOs in that one were really QSOs! shipping almost, forty of theese gems to far-away
The specified queries, which had to be trans- colleagues eMAU, egfiBY, one-armed eg5BD,
mitted along with said aerial*, are interesting in egSML, egtSQB, eilHl), eilFP, u*2HM, oe3Ubf
themselves* They etcdi an image of 1920a ham- <m4UO and others Hume of whose suffixes still
dom* A few examples show what DX men of yore ring. The art indeed still lives — long live the artl
had on their minds:
What I:
L M 4 . H o w many binding posts t n you have on Fifteen ivftpr-j* Is very much alive atid kifkinf, too, M
your receiver? voliiminoii* correspondence attests. live-*iie pxoup
G-17, I * your transmitter panel mounted or
still very ooBcarneo with the craft can be found daily in the
breadboard?
1 G Novice nutch when* WNs 4jDH8 2FQF 211PH 2JAM
4JVUfiVJUT5YM1Y SJUU 8DBV «IVJ(S and HWOW
I/-22. D o you u w vernier dial* and w b a t ratio are trade Mtaitottona and wallpaper *ith CRs I AT around 4
they? hours GMT. 2RM 2, C020N ill, CH«* CK 17. KV 22, LK
2r-M. PIeaae deeoribe the insulator* i n y o a r 20,CTs 1811 17, SAC GXSBT3A, PJs IKK 1WR 111 U SFK
antenna. 3BE 4SK fiGG 7HZ SPA 9HB 0FK1, DKb 1AR 1WV 2CT
1-31. How ilo y o u control oscillation i n y o u r ajo i
receiver? 4MG
U - & L Ploaue (it*cribe arid leak and condenser i n
SWA .
16-20, RA» I t f A Btttt, ? X Y &AT aNB 6BK 5KK
your receiver, J»FQ AKY SNK 5WA 5XP dAAX «AKR &AX 8T}D » K
W - 1 L D o you hejieveif) radio frequency amplifi- tfWICflAfi9KP 9MC 9VO, Ge 3GK SIM 3HQR SDJP
cation for abort waves? StJMJ SHUT 3IL8 3MWP 30Z0 3QZT 3RDY 3RHP
Y-13. W h a t is the beet number of tubes t o uib i n
nhort v a v e receiver*?
H - 3 & D o you uao C battery on dtheT receiver o r
transmitter?
Bl-34, H ow xnany plate* are i t i your antenna eon-
denser and wbat metal?
Please give all meter reading* in your
transmitter,
Those jobs were fairly simple. Others got more
complex. How would you like lo have to get
rogers from Asia on these propositions, even with
1970 equipment and technique? . » »
E-15* Name a delegate of y o u r country who at-
tended the International Radiotelegraph Con-
ference.
Q-2& W o * your country represented h y a dele-
gate a i the 1927 Xntwaattaaai Radiotelegraph
Conference?
E - I f t . W h a t do you t h i n k of t h e results of the
I n t e r n a t i o n a l Radiotelegraph Conference held a t
Washington, D . C M i s 1U27T

Some things never change, though. A good

number of the recommended test transmissions
• 7862-B West Lawrence Ave., Chicago, I I I . 60666.

5H3LV*s onfanna fam^ lacing fhfs landscape of DXotfe

Tanzania, is your "HowY1 QTH of the Month.
(Photo vtaWAIKQM)

February 1970

3U0H 3VBL 3 W W W P P 3 W Y A 3 X G R 3 X T N 6 N X
ttPO 8,1 U, GC3DVC tW, GMs 3XOr, J7. RANVN 1 W M
wTcWS.' VMB YBN V « H 15,11a- 1VA. 1H. * » f SMJ
U 8KCP 8KFZ 8 KMX, HBUs A U t 16, AGH 17^ AMSG ?liP,i)l3aUF (37) 14, OHH 1LA
28 IS. HK.3BFU l . HR 4011813. l i s A MO f Art
fifti Kt:irtow JX K0i> m o p k p t j i j dixa-iH i s i -
BDO. JAslCQK igUtf lt)JV WKX 1VAK1VAB i NQ
2AOC 2BBV S?IKKoC!/H 3BTE 4BJO 4HKS«JJl 7BU
Wt'AK RpMF JHls AOZ CXQ IITQ all Itl-J, KHft" MHJ
K P ^ N Y l l U/ lfi, KLV4EY 22,
KZ5* Buk 4. KHN 20. GO KBN JKN KZ NG 21,
PNN 18. RRN K . WKtjL LA* 3A 7TH16 »'IHi IB LUs
ILXlW 4PBM 2. TAB 8KY HUL. LZa l K R D 19, i k Y ; K
2X.K. OA4a AC'F 21. A >K 15. OE* IIZ 2JZ 2LEL IS,
a w r ' l » 4MRB O. ftYKL UNFI 16. OH» VW.'l) 20. ttR
8VO aKK lS i V I 16.5WU 15. OX" « N H aYA 13.
7PJ la o S lA w a p v li'tu 1AWV I UN 1 KTL lKYB S l l l i M , SVb IBZ (21) 21. 1CH (24)l».nVV N (38) 13 0WO
U B A i i B l l H 2 B M F 2KSF STB 8CMD 8CHXall,1JHB.
ON* 4.IJ 4VB 5BG filU 6KD 8KA all 14-21, QX5BM 1».
OfeitKU 8V» « , PAia CE HBOI.RK
Soaw
7ACJH TUlJK 7TV 0DER/7 PHM all mostly 14-21, SP*
(and 2AHD SAOB 2BMM ISACN 6PAW SZA tiAQA
bBCA 8BJH 8Btt R » H K WDN UPT & l l l 4 - ^ rF2WLg,
TG6CJJ 3KJ. TI2BPI, TJ1AJ 16, UAs 3BK Itt, 3FT 3NJ 16, lJH HI (661 16, KAA (10) 11. KAB A KBA KBC (80)17.
rtKUl) UBfa KBR 18-17, M B 14. QA T f l 14. TN 1H,
TQ WN 21 U02KDZ, UW» LCX 1. HI IK IK, VKs land
7, WH6» OMR 4. CJNif W
WUT* GLI 20. UQQ2, WPte CAE 6. i>KM 2 - J j b E P
DKM £ D W I V M I R ' XRiil, v u » 1BPQ I N ^ l t U W
2K10 s k p 3LF 3TA a f r i R S^OL all l S - ^ Y V " 1AB
JABT 23-0. SJH SI, ZCS4BX 23-0, ZLs (mi.I Wis) IAJU
IttW 2UN 3JO' all 18-4). X E 3 J J l « Z P a ^ Z S 3 X g
18, 4X4GV 21-82, .iLUXX/mm, 6WSUW 20,
6V5AV 2. 8P6BU 21 and WJKW. Nlnutir per «i-ut
three Items Lurk in Hio lowr ft»rty kiloherUw of the 31-
AIH* Novice rang*), and most of them brlow xl,120
I B CW IB aLto Juropin' fur the tivivye&r ticketmen. ac-
l o to ^ IARR llJAL 1UTY 3HNK v M / f i
4LQC 4VOK 6B2K 7BB 7HKB 8BQV SYaR UBF Al-NQ,
K^ aMHa/5 8DHT 8TRF (KWV, WAs 1FHU 1JKZ
Y W YJ WB; 2 D M 2.1 A K 3V WR
4KZG 4LAL 4L1L BBTIV, I1ER, VEs 2DKJ and tf .HO
who aproify action by CEi 2in MM8HT«I WWiOUT
XVV (7) l . J X N (3tt) 10, A A i J I A i , t!N« SAO (42 13,
8 0 W 1 4 . bOSs BB (301 21, PC (68) 13, YN (37) 1J.
C W P N T ^ T C R - 4 B B (56) 1, 6AI tttf IT. 6AL
9. « B X tftfi) 20, 6CA (16) 20. frCB (46> J8-l». 6HA (3«
6ca> «JJ (88) 17,6KB Ifl. 6KW ( » » J V ^ C (22)
16 7KV (14)15, 714 (.82) 17. CT» K X IVX I6«J 21,
JAB (SO) 16. CV2AA (2) » . CXa 10P (30) « X A (3UI
DJ-DK-DLb, DM« 2BLJ (16) 18. 4VH («2)
6 IB. EAa 2DV 6RSfitJB6XC 50B «BH TC^L
8A'T m f l f w W (48J 13. |BH/.20) (M> 17
8BY (SO) 20 8h'P (60> 18, 8PH (86) 17. 8PNJ8^0 8C.A
SCiR (20) 19 Efa 18, UAH (W) ttfel « ) M, i U
(and SUi SAW 2BE (36) 22, aBY 1 8 . , l B O « M. 38.
KP2BQ 14. ETJUHA (61) 1®. many an b, PG7TG (46) 22.
PLUti f V u f r i i * (49) U f c E ^ f L i V f f i S
(461 8. F R m > (46) itf-20. FYTs 1 O liSk?JtaTiS
iiuantitv, GC2e FZC (47) 12, LU (30) i S - i ' D ^ ^ V ^ w 1
17, G l « 301X1 30LJ »8XG <17) 23 5UR.
3GKX 3Wit> 3CHM aJOR 38KX 3VAR ^ H S h l J , G W .
f4a?ai 3UUZ (27) 16. 40H. HA* 1MB 18Q-3MA
8VM mil U1TU alt 14-»). " B s ®AEO gAUA » A ( , H
DACtK HAOX ttAIC 9ANR M 8AIC 8NL (41) 17,
TICTGCJ/1 (6) SO. III8UAP (66) lH, H K3b A VK <27) 22,
BKuf IIL9« 11Z (561 1. VX (18) ft. HMfc B (33) 1. » .
H P l i IE (21) 13, XWa/B (60) "•.f^"
M'jV AT® (42) 21 R1X) (38) 21. PEM. ITlPT.T (»4> t«,
iRf u i f MP u^V dDWR 4Wt 4CtLK oHLt*
SCAX MA 6 M « 5YAP 5VB 6AP8jmKuOJLB• W H
SYBA 0AB8 rfBOP UKYH JJCAK •ENO «VAC l»\^AK
jfVAN mostly aroucd mindown. JDIYAB. J l i l » BJK
76
PZIAVS raodttt HT-40 and HQ-110 InstaDafion In
Paramaribo •arm a good share of «pae« in radtataheraph
DX fog» throughout tho world. iPhato via W2CTN]
BUD CJQ CXQ DJM DLR DTC EYB QXX CNZ VOB
W l ^ J T i A K 14. J W . 1CI 8. 2 « K ( « ) 20,7UH (08) 13,
3MIC23) 17, KC4UHM 22, KH6« AX (17) SI, C U B C 8 N
EDY OOV U IU KB BP 3, KJL7F8V kM6CH,KP4ATC
fl6) lfl-20. K R « 6TA (86) 17. «-7, SUE
8KU 17. * V 4 » FC (10> 1«, KR IB, FZ (.20) 22, 0 A (00)
23. KWC3B (4U> 15, KZSi EQ (30) W. <iO (Sttl 81, XI
126) 15, KZ ( W 16. WON < 120) WJ (20) 16, LA» 1K
10A 10L 2Q 3SG 4«J 4 H.I ABJ BOX MOM 0AD, LUMEC )
(A3) U. 8FBH <30) 1. L X l C R (44) 14, L Z l i KPO (W)
14. K0W (4«> 21, iiSV (ttO) 20, MIB^B (86) 18, i<60) 14-
16 MP4n HH(j MBJ TCU 17. TCK (P0) IS, T t t f (3»)
10-11 TCT (741 IS, OA4« Jeifc ZX. OD3« BZ KJ
W-20i FA (41) 12. 1H-17 OE- jEPW l R l ) 2LEL
.42) 18. 3MOW r.PFA 6CA SMJ1, 6uEL 6LTOi t J U
2ALC) SB AC 2BBM
2BV 3MM a m 6aa SUQ 6wu BNH BYU KAA
SRC 8TA BAA 17, A AM C«i 16,. t j R M ^ O ^ M W h 4 ^
4(iK 4TI 4UA 6BI 6L\ &KD «Oti. OX3» PD (22 8, 2 0
(271 17 O Y » SJ I3MI 11. 2Z 10, flNRA 7BB »LV (6) 18.
\li? « T A W " 4 B d B . 8D3ta5W«J PA0J. AAO BRR
BW I>V W FK OD JR liNU BOL REJUVV VO %AC.
PJ» 2PS (68) 19-22, 3CJ 7VL ifi4l 2 1 P Y . 1 M B 1PK
MBXC 2HR 6AHN 6t'l (12) 10. /VOU KKj» lAQ rtAB 7AK
7HT H T M . S U 3 A Q 7 A 2 (14> 13, » \ X (19) K f o r t y SMi
inrludini K'J 2CCA, SPm l«uid3Zji 2AEO 2AHO SO AC
2Jd 2PI 3PC. AB 4BWO 6AFL 6ATO ftAAT OHl'K
80g « W M 7CKG 8A(i W^P/ U(!V «XiU' M B , » m
(27) 16, 0^00(331,0WP (63) 12. TA2» E <S»> l», li-A 34
00 i & 0, TP* SWLS (481 13, JtWLW '331 t«. STP (331
14. TO4BR 13) J7, TI2DI,. T ^ l - A J f6QM7-S3, A K (37)
'M\ CjQ (30) 12. UA* 1HD (41) 21, 2KAW (30) 16. WV,
f x 56n b 4crr ( « ! 9 i w w i is, 9KAG « k i ' a (smi a,
i w . t l £ SwB 18, (76) 21, «KA'R (46) l l J M <4»|
10, SKJA 13. t»&T> (6U1 1, UB5» KFt1 (211 1W. KIU (16
4 K K N (191 14. M'/ (flbl 20-21. UC3h Xl (60) 4, » M I « I
IB! UD6B\V (361' 13. CJfta 1<U « »
uftftiiA 1301 2. U!18b AP f4J» 1«, HI) (M) 12. CH (81 16
IHHb Ftl KMX (32) 11. liJ8» AB (261 14. AJ (26)
itauSM.}«W«Brm)
11. KAD (4i «, RL (2H) U», UOto BlJ (66) 16,1'K,(40)^SU.
irp£: KBC (30) 17. KNP' UV2K KAA <4D1^16-17. K C J
(46) 14 KTrf, (3lt 20. KFG (Sft) 2l), UR3« KAN (28) ti.
K4.Y V r r w p V r i sm. uv»3BG (MI IS, aeh rs71 i4.«cj.f
(321 14,VAC 9, IJwi ltJX 1ME31K 3YC
Jwti IS, 00If, UYSXB (37114, VK«A*£d AXj»)
3AXK 3MR 3Vtl 4FH , Y fiHA, VP* 2 6 ^ 6C^
C46i IM 7WQ ifi?i *2U, » A T (131 16, * » K (14) 17, * Qa
SCR (4) (411) 20-21, VS. SAP (40) 16. 6AA (60)
M.
OH0N1, whose wintry Alandi letting was recently dii
played, produces plenty of plle-ups in each year's A M
DX Contest. Student* of the tomorial will find it of interei
to Compare this photo of Sigurd with that on page
January'66 QST. [Photo via WA1KQM]
QST fa
17, 6AF (3A> 12, *RC 13.6FK C8> 13, 6DX 6FX 13, 9MB Vy active WB2BMQ wound up in the hospital for
(32> 15-17, VUfc A J BKO KV LO 151 12, OLK 8, VZ (»») fourteen months before he had a chance to imp bin 11L9UK
tag,11 Wither t\\* rail was pirated or there tob some miaun-
10, W0IZO/KL7
XBla AAG (20)
0, WG4ASE (Iittj 12, WMDPM,
DC, XW% BP (10) K4-15, CD durstandma ^mewherc. Aa holder of HLvUK
understatid it wiU not b» rcissuni before August." , ^ . _ ^^
1
CR {37) 16, OS <65> 14, YA2HW1. VBto AA AAB 13, AAF
(ino) 14, YOa 3JA 7VF 8DD 8MB ttlJQ 9H1 and others, 4J Is another prefix sometimes used by ooptest hounds in
V810 (18) 32, two doaen Yl?s, YV« 4IT> (86) 20, ABNR. ^nKtern Russia, and VtiKON's DXprew han it that VU2NR
<60j 21, 5CKK, ZB2s BO (30) 20, 88 (37) 18, ZC4B.X (7) intends to make ^'emen'a n w Sewn-Oflcur label audibte
17, ZDa 5X 1W, ROB m\ 21-20, 9BM (62J 20, ZEs while on government avuignmejit therp , _ k ^ . . . K802L/1,
IHT fS3> 13, 1DJ 2JH 8JW (43) lfl, ZVlAA. ZLa (and now right hand man on W1CWV ARRL UXt:C> l>esk,
8MB) 1ATT 1HW XXL JTZ 2AFX 2VU 2GH 2HY 3AUK iustructs that he no longer handles VU2XJIA cards, Ron
3GQ 313, ZPft 3AL (SO) 19, 5CE SKA (76) 1». »AO 22, suggests the address in the list to follow.
UBG (401 22, ZSa 1ACD 1EJ IEL JOU 1PH ZHM 4KC AFRICA — "SUTAC, QRT since Junw, is now W Y with
8NP 0LB 6BY QCR &f all 14-22, 3V8NC (31) 16, 4M0AT
17.4S7i AR 18, DA (44) 1H-1W, MO (20) 23, 4UIITTT (24)
13, 4X4* CJ 15, FIT HQ (00) 17, JY KJ (61 22, WW 18,
no ulana to return to Nicer/* apprise* QSL aide
W9RKP. "I havft all bia logy back to 1981 plus a good
4Z4s BR FH (00) 16, NB8 (26) 17, NCC (301 21, 5As aupply of q^La.
trick/'
and GMT Q&O data will do the
FJJ8WW QSJ, hunters be advised that
ITN (49) 16* 4TP (SOJ 10-18, 5H3KJ (TO) 9, 5Z4* L8 C30i »n-VV4MYE do** tho jnl> back in Jersey aa K2MGE again
4, LW (27i 12-13, LY (IK) 21, 6W8B BJ (12) 0, OQ (Ml) VVB2L/HK/2, another XL CJHL rrp, » hamstruna
18, DY (70) 18, ISK '29) 17, X X 1ft, 6Y5CM (6) 18, by laok of <^RQCK logs. Boverly writes, "For lack of immr-
7P8AB (33) 20. 707AM 21, 8P6a AE (50) 20-23, BU thin^ hfitW to <]o I'm forwarding 100 cards to Tony with an
(30) 21. 9FKJBA (26) 23, 9G1« 1'IE (9) 22.1TM (30) 18, offer to drop his return tifilA into the nearest mailbox.
9H1B AY(9) 17, AZ (23> 21, BM (38) 18, BT (85) 13. BV Please toll the Kaug to go direct," WA9UET af-
(66) 13, Q (001 1U, 9J2* B B KW (73) 19. M G (3«> Ifi, W K firm*, ' T m 2&TACI>b' QSL manaKer for North and Houth
(36) 21, 9M2LN (281 9. 9N1RA (77) V, 9Q5s KW (871 10, America' QBOs since October 2A, 1969. S»a.a.e. applications
\V8 (3?) SL 9U5DL (90) 12, 9Vla OY (37) IU, PC PD receive reply direct, uthera via bureau*/' H Pv«
(20) 14 and PL 13. tpmnorarfly retired from Q8Fi managerial work/' announces
* 4 * W9JVF, turning Z U m c h o w over to WA9UVB. 6H8M A
duties over to VE3DLC. But note that V152DCY altfo
Fifteen phone ought to h« npst atop for the "How's" olaima rmponaibility Ioj ZH^l) QHLing since October I,
Bandwagon. courtesy Ws IARR 1VRK 2 » Y 3HJVK 1989. Regarditijr nviYilup E5H8JL confirmations W9JVF
4YOK 8YRA 8YGR 9BP 9LNQ, K4TWJ, WAa 1FHU states, "No answer to my mail for eight months so I have
1JHQ 1JKZ 2BHJ 2F08
2DZZ 2GVE 4KZG SYWH 6BQW MJQY, WHano log* for tho job/ 1 Try your luck direct, men . ^ ( _ , _
4LIL and reporters now tiling, Then "KASGK's cards ar« too 1arg»» for standard-rise envelope*/'
we/tl have to spuUeheck other slots with (10 phone) WB cautions KtiGAK, Atitonio'a Stateside QSL agent
I DAL 3HNX 4YOK 0YRA 8YGR WLNQ, WAa IFHU VE2DCY. who a ho handles wallpaper for PG7TC, FOSBV
2KOH 4fcZQ 6EQW 96QY, WBs 2HZK 4KEG; (10 ewi Wn and VPQRK, reports he has all logs for TL8GL, now hack
1DTY 3WNK 3JZJ/0 4YOK 8YGR- KB 3CU1 0MHf3/9 in Canada , "Aa of November t9W, Cm Q8L
8DHT, WAa 2KHU 2YW&. WB4a EPJ KXG;(20 phone) manager for
Ws 3HNK 4YOK 8YRA informs W3HNK
&YGR flLNQ, K4TWJ, WAB ISWI71s Monitor reminds us that French Homaliland nam is
IKHU 2KOH 4ZZU 6BQW, WB4K2G; (So cw) Ws 1DAL formally known as T.KA^L, Trrritoire Francaiae de* Afara
Re FL8s.

4YOK SYGR, KB fiMHU/6 80HT 8TRF 0GSV, WAII el Tasaa. Try that on your mailman , - « ^ • bX ttfport of
1FHU 2FOB 2YWR 9SQY, WB4KZG; (40 ©w) K8n I>WT \r\ >XC tips ns off tfiat 0T0AD likes additions to hia stamp
TRF, WAa UKX 2YWR: (40j>hone) WA1JKSE; (80 cwl collection - Usually reliable nuurcev agree that
W1BWX, KSDHT; (100 BW) W1BB and KSDHT, Hey, Spanish Guinea KA0 artoa have heen allotted Canada's
DX on 70* anyone? old 3C prefix for Equatorial Guinea use.
Whtre:
TTEREABOUTS — QBLerfl of tho Month" CPfiFB,
<A
JC1 EA6BO, Kti2BK, ET3USA, FB8K2, OCB 3tTQM
5AGA, GI4RY HB9XVR, H
f P1TB- KC6CT. KH0WR/
KH6, KL7GJY, KP4s AN OA, TAl RF, UA3AVV, VWSXO,
VKILN, VPB 1RO 2VI 2VP, VRlL, XEITX, YAla
AB G NV, YB1JU SET>« ZL2AFZ, ZMlAAT/h. 3W3BS.
4rt7.(P, 5R8AH, 7Q7WV and MGKHjTphia QBL tender® We
2CTN 6FQ 8 N J l f 9 W J Kfo Bt!FC BTO, WAflUVEt WBa
2RLK 8ABN, VEs 3ACD 3IG 4HE, DJ4BK and TOUR,
are commended for pasteboard promptness by 11 HowVs
eornwpond^nta W» 1HWX 4JUR!; KSS DHT TRF, WA»
2RTTr 9%OP, WBa 2BMQ and 4KZG. Any praiieworthy
poaiibilitieftiny&urpc*tboxlately?,„ ,^._\VB2BMQ,out
to balance hia Q8L boolra» currcnt QTH crlews on
EAa ttAR 'rtft. 8FT> '08, HG0BJ '80, TIT2BB 87, UC8KMZ
r67, VK8M C08jY81JCSE 3C?8MA *fl7 and 0A2TZ '67
WB8BTU volunteers hia at-rvioee as QSL manager
for needful overseas ops • _ "FM7WF will take care »f
the others himself," n y i W40PM, fitateaide helper
for that onn, Joe ieta IOKS montlily and inquires the otis-
tnmary ha,s,e.;GMT (sett-aildresBed stamped envelops
Greenwich Mean Time) cooperation W6CCD dia-
olaims 08L managerial oonnectiona — save your stamps —
and WATTB tells WA4YJJ he didn't use his FP8 tagin Ute
October despite contrary evidence . . . . - • - Ws 8IBX and
9DY elalm DXoellent results in patronisinff outbound QKL
ser%ioea. l4Aure saves time, pnefey, postage and nervt«,M CR9AK la guasNoparafed by qualified DX fourntymen
asserts Kurt
from time to time. Heres' visitor JA3AER spreading more
l 5KZ5!I-HPlXwBisbackin Vtininia
aa W4W8F," advises WMKZG* "I'll continue to handle
(Ml* for hia C.Z. and Panama QSO." VP2s Macao DXCC cheer from the stations' new console.
tSA BM and tiQ radiate the n^w Animilla suffix *8ectivv)yt
PorturueSM stations may try their CS-CU labels oreavion- (Photo via W1CW}
ally, HT ta^n are mentioned In Niearaguan connetstiotn, CV
is another Uruguayan specie*, and Russians lately display
hears that f\CEANrA ~<?R8A! writes VE7PY, "Your envelope
tsaJIs HIfe TT4L/3 and TJKUA. DX
It.H.H.R.cluoh
banfe
oo-op osJlaiffna nwti an UP2KAA and UG8- v ' arrived via Jakarta surface mail,
an opeJird and empty,
KAB may
Puaed to UK2PPA
rrvLsion. M PAD while4 backd ITKOGAB under pro- llease advise everyone to Qfc>f4 0R8AJ only via Darwin
farm,
on our or TJshon/4 And even then it would be wiae to minimiae
prefixes
also alip away from purposoful identification norm. \VP radio reference on cover. A few lowly IRCb still could
and WX? No, not rare Novice 1>X, juat New York and buy a pair of ah*** in some regions - , _ "My CJKL
Pennsylvania. manager for W/K QSOs ia W5AG/S ronfirms VK6IZ.
ASIA — i otherwise send two IRf^ with QHL via the VK6 bureau,
"Q81a acooTOpanied by four International Rrphr or direct to lrt riowHe ( H , hft. Pleasant, W.A. 6158,
Coupons IRCB) can be auswrrrtl direr*" »ays TA2AE, Twenty thousand special Cook Bicentenary ww
pr^mMna lO^p^rn^ht reaponne on that basis, W5QPX
hears from th* Cntlbook'* DX editor Helen White that the printed for VK6~tand, 600 maximum per station. No worry
Turkish government is periodically interrogated f«r QTH hnrp, though; QSL printing la my sideline/' West
information. AIIn order to avoid aettlnff anyone in trouble Coast DX Bulletin mentions aperial November 22, 1V00
• . . we have agreed not to publish individual listing* untiJ 20-meti-r aid^batid activity by Solomons exhibition station
vo hear direct fmm them.af This also may hold for a ( w VQ.r400 ... "I'm VK8KB?a QSL manager for the
other countries whofte amateurs are not Liated though pw
ateatcrt-n hemisphere," afirma VVfiONL. Doug tatrea hia
#,

February 1970 77
 T
V UA Z
3 GD B
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UA
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O ox. BoJx^ol——ny, Moscow, {l
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text)
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a K-2DK2-0DK, Z. Kabmji, P.O. Box 1U4, Poon
VU
V tm 0 GVJ ,JJQ . oIor)hgea,laB»oxBo7x25 r Madras, India
fifi88 tBombay, India
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; steefxtt)t^xt)
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.O. Box 3730, Windhoek, b.W, Afric
ZE&JL likes 21-MH* sideband wlft tins' Gweio layou7tQ p7lu s W 4U X ir)
an 80»ft-hZgh three-element Yogi. Gerry woifcs in9K H J iJ
eG
A Y ,, P J..OK . eBo oxHa
H 3aidn2,,BB oxlan4 ^7rn4s« M alawi
t Kuwait
broadcasting game. (Photo via W1CW) W1RA, Jinny Beyer (W4IDG), Box 81r Katbmand
9 U N 5 epL
D al, (orP,0. K
B rtx
o OK 9 )2. Burundi
toim e w ith T o g s, s o re p li
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f
O k
MWTCT^PO i
n aw a . , Box 176, Biarjah, Truoial States fornavtioiianIn. v e a g Monitor (A, MiLlrr. 6
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ftlho,
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, iaOX I'L
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fou rtsht DX eetatBulletin

el (WAOAUDJ, Peppy bunch, our DX
15" - T

abn ecoatm
h eer Us iN1R
x mAonctnhs." JinN n ovefm
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mittoen r b1o0 rrow erd frh
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voioe and ecnle. Jinny*M pop ift K60E1and also prgo
a t no t h o u g h e a n
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n irs obfeftuna,
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aa1lor 123-13,12fAt anGdM7T.M M7yTsnleaim
f
j^bro-w
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for lpoD lr*Xan bdut verticals.
an onlinaiE yvefn oldetd ried diploolaedid nigd tm heyjo6b0>
*AIm ' to
9N1RA (W4IDG)# sunning dt left, excite the DX w
on cod* and voice. Whats' pert Jinny doing w ' ay o
Nepali Her economist husband is on Ford Foundati
\ ' v M assignment there. The famous other half of the count
ham population, good friend FT. Moraiv 9N1MM, appe
. : - • /LI?:_-T:. ^ ' I I V - • 1
atrightwfth Jinny*' dad, K60&
78 QST for
 in* for more W / K s around 7005 kHs at 1100 O M T . 3630
at U15-1145, especially those east of the Mississippi. Have
any other XW8s worked the States on 80 in years past?"
. , . , . - " 1 use a V~Dak»III and homebuilt triband quad a
bunch of us Army boy* threw together in two hour* of a
Monday afternoon/' reports HL9VV (WAftYUJ). "The
wood and wire antenna s performance amases me though
it barely olsars the ground* You'll hesr me mostly aruuud
31,050, 31,300 or 14,370 kHa, 1100-1400 G M T . " tvrhapa
yon worked Jim previously as K L 7 F R X ur K L 7 F R X / 3
Wis A L P and ZJE hear that K1AAG is to sign
KA9AO on 15 and 30 ew from flhitose A RBI
(India; issues a Gandhi Centenary version of the Worked
Knpubilc of tndia oortztieation under revised 1WW-70 rules
for sutftcjent contacts with V U brethren, Consult VU2CJ5
for details "9M2FK wants U A A, cw QSOs on
14 or 31 M H s around 010U nr 1100 G M T / 1 says A A K L
Minnesota S C M W0PAN WAMfiCP, gathering
bundles of oonvenient Asians on JO sideband. commends
the sock uf JlllAJT's 7-elemont Vagi , TA2AE
scampcr* down a list of active young Turks: TAs I K T I N C
I M F 3BC all have If W32s. 1 I B has a 753,2EA an HWXOO
plus N0200 and homebuilt sender Oriental
chatter via aforementioned periodicals: 8QAYL. with
VU3KV anci pals running block, showed on 20 sideband
from the Maldives in Decmber courtesy 4S7YL, . , ,
JTIs A D AE AG All AJ K A A KAF, JTa 2AA 2AF 2KAA HH9DL bears the brunt of Haiti-hunters QRM those days.
8KAA and 4KAA are all supposedly functional in the Don's hamshack obviously serves as storehouse and work-
M.P.R, On vhf? , , . IIS1CB and rare friends pop up jn shop for other varied activities. (Photo via WA6AUD,
the Southeast Asia Net, I4,32u kH* at noon G M T . . . .
This could be the month for ODABZ'a threatened Qatar West Coast DX fiuffetin)
junket as MP4QBKL
Pacific

kHs" Via VK61K: " V K 6 N K . sportinK a new
70-ft tower, works the IU4.A, on 1803 klls. 1 Wv been sam-
pLLng i4,U30*kiIs cw with 50 watts lately hut will bccome
more active for 5 B - D X C C QBOs <>n 40 and 60 code and
voice with my new FTDX400 aod KL1000. By the way,
VK0LT will spend two years in the Tonga islands with
limited funds. Anyone carta? to help a new VR5 become
active can Teach him C/o J, J» Bro*. |U)T Box 40, Nakulofa,
Tonga*" VK8AF-W50NL clarifies, "VR8AV,
pictured in your December page*, has moved to Houth
Australia. VKfi call unknown to me as yctv V K 8 K K , famed
on vhfr is now located in Darwin." ^ZLlAYG
tells me hpputs 50 watts and a KiO-ft-hlgh 1250-ft lung-wire
on i886 k l i i week ends at a spot twenty miles north of his
Auckland home/' relays WAtfPKT, <AWith that atLt^nna a
K2 gave Tony HOT 569 on seven watts input. ZL1AVG
welcomes top-band skeds/1, Pacific patter courtosy
D X Literature of clubs* groups and Individuals: E X - K W G E J
IS reported behind KCttbM emanations from Ponape un
30 phone. , . . V K B H M should be heard from Heard
isle for a few more months, mainly 14-MIfx voice. . . .
Multimode Z M l B N / a of the 8nares may Ret over to the
Antipodes, Bounty and/or the Campbells on occasion
before imminent shutdown.
T T U R O P E — RFJK's 1070 French Contest wJLl be «oinjE
J-i great guns on cw as this QST g*-te around. Participation
particulars appeared here last month — don't forget the
voice portion duo February 28th and March 1st, In the
'00 version ow entries exceeded phone filings 236 to 62
among non-F participants. Yank rank by code score:
Ws 2 M E L 3 B Y X 0JQ1>, VVBUtiUU, Vfs 4WSF
4HOZ 5KC 2NGG 2ADP ytjWM 8IBX/2 and 38BZ. By
mike It went F2Y8/W2, Ws 4WSF 3 B Y X 0 L K I and 6QNQ.
VK2NV, VOIAW, V E l s A E and D B linished in that ow
order for Canada; VEs 3AFC; 3NR 3BB and 6GN ran
1-2-3-4 on phone. Leader* by country included (.cw)
CR8EI V C T l M O . DL6WE, H M 4 Z X H , E A 2 K R , G2WQ f
HA8UD. l l H L K . JA2JAA, LA2Q, LU1BB, f.ZlflB,
OK2Bl>L OK2QX, OZILO, PA0WAO, S M 5 B N X ,
SP8KR, UAs I C S 2 K B D UB5MS5, UC2wP, UD6BW,
I J E R E A B O U T S — " F M 7 W F U again active and main-
n tains sehndules on 21^3^0 kHs at 1700<?MT, Tuesdays
or Wednesdays," declares W40PM, "Breakers are reeog-*
nised/' Ex-WIOJH opines, "An Extra ticket and
new two-letter call is jimt like starting alt over again,"
Vic frolicked as WlNU/VPtf in October courtesy RfiB's
receot Bermuda contest. Vive-Band D X C C pursuit comes
next on the W1NU agenda \ \ B 2 H T K and
WA2EFV t son and pop. manage plenty of D X with a
dlpole and 75 watts on 10, 1ft and 20 . Lawrence
Hfrgit School of Opdarhurst, N. sputisored almost a thou-
sand QSOi* from liberty isle as WF2I1B over October
f2t.b-13bh, according to club vrep WB2EJZ, Btmilarty
Delaware Lehigh A.K.C^ mtiltibazided on Christmas from
Bethlehem, Prtuuu, hs WX3A1A6 " K a l * to see
what's happening to the ow portions of our bands,M protests
U 8BHS with our Gripe of the Month, "What'sM left of 20 is
getting swamped by fsk R I T Y * . " VK2AOU's
March '69 $87* piece nn quads could have saved me some
time and trouble," admits K 8 T R F who dues very well with
Ins own vrrsion of a one-loop tribander .. . . . L I D X A
fimimtandB that HC8FN desires to DXtend his Galapagos
stay and open up DXpeditionary possibilities therefor other
interested parties. [?G2E
'MW

HB3AU f l P H N l JAfiAD, JX3DK, LAABJ» 6 f f « U F t

OK1AHZ, 0Z1RK, PY1B1M. BMflCKS. SP8AJK,
[JW3CX, TJV9PP, U M f W B , Y 0 4 K C E and Y U 3 T X T
K4JI enjoyed three operational trij» to GC6AGA
last year. "Made some 2100 QSOs with 125 countries, neap-
ing f>XCC from Guernsey." " C T l s UA U D and
Um are gunning for Oalifornians on 21,300-21,316 kHs at
2000-3100 G M T . discloses W 3 H K K FOR J

and you may be in W1IKK, l ) I s 1FL and «DH

call attention to I >L01(JI, DARC's beacon marker <>n 38.200
kHs. A vertical radiator sprays 200 watte continuously
within a AO-Hs tolerance. Reception Toport* air welcomed at
Interessen-Gemeinschaft lonosphaere, Secretary Frau A.
Seidler, DJ6IN, Undcnstr, 14, 4813 Bethel, Germany VP2AT* Antigua outfit is gueft-operated by many a
Oils 3HUP 2RH 2BW 2 K K rtNl and Bwwlish vhitlng W / K DXer. Bill Is popular proprietor of tho Island's
friends aim for more DXcltcment from the Baltic light*
tiouseisland called Market reef. famous Beachcomber HoteL (Photo via W3VBMJ

February 1970 79
 CONDUCTED BY LOUISE RAMSEY MOREAU/ OTB6BBO

"Ou sont les belles dames . .. ?" TA1AW. So, unless some student, of languages
can correct this Assumption, 4 'VL News and
TTLBTORT, as a word, nonnotes things past, Views" will accept this as being correct.
XX Usually the deep past in which events and Korea'** first YL received her call in 1057,
persons assume the misty quality of legends wheu HM1AM was assigned to Mrs. Jun^hyuk
long forgotten except in reference material. Cho.
Amateur radio began anil grew to its present The eiTects uf the past clouding the official
status within the lifetime of many of us who lists is most felt in the several changes in the
are still very active on the air, and yet the early International Prefixes, The real puzzler lies in
days with the weird huge equipment are unknown 1U27 when the radio conference in Washington,
to many, and natues have long since been fop- D.CJ., for the first time assigned official prefixes
gotten. to go into effect January I, 1929- One uf the
In the search for the wouien of amateur radio earliest gals to become the first YL in her country
who first held a call in their particular country, to iroeive one of these new prefixes is Katherine
nut all the ladies are just names* on an official C, T. LaJfierre who is still active with her original
list. Many of them who are very well known on cull OA4CM from Lima, Peru.
the air are able to claim that they were the first Not ail the gals who were the first to give the
to reneive the privilege of a licence and call. feminine aspect to amateur radio in their respec-
Ruthe Ferguson is W1SCS in Massachusetts tive countries are still active, nor are they more
most of the year, but when nhe & operating as than names on u list. In uur search for the bo-
ZFlRF *he holds the very great distinction of ginning of what has been termed "the distaff
not. only being the first woman to receive h ZF side of amateur radio/' we must depend, not on
mil, she is still the utily YL operator in the those who can hand us their proof, but rather
Cayman Inlands, In 1u54-19o5, Claire Bardon, on the dry printed columns of names and dates.
whom we all know well as W4TVT, was the Many uf the gals who were licensed, such us
first YL in Trinidad, operating as VP4BC, amateur radios first three women operators —
The barrier of language is always a problem to FN, Miss (Jlass, and OHK, Olive FTeartberg, of
those uf u* who are not linguists, but it id believed the United State*, iu 1910; and IXI, Mrs, Ingram,
that Nancy Brooder, better known aa WA2FQX, of Kngiand in 1913 — are merely names, uur
Is ihe first YL in Turkey with the call letters remembered by anyone except the historians
" * \'L Editor QST> »md nil nrro notes to Wlift-who must dig deep to find them. Vet by the
BBG's home uddraw; 103S Eub Boston St., Altadenu, iMit. very fact of the official listing they did exist and
WiOOl.
therefore were the first in their countries.
Sweden's first YL w among these unremera-
bered women for there is only the government
listing that on September 30, 1925, the call
HMTA was assigned to a Mis. Madeline Kreuger.
The um OdUbook gives us 3QT, Miss M.
Cross, who, as far as can be discovered was
Canada's first YL. Another strange sounding
call, because its IARU-type intermediate has
long since been forgotten, is BZ7AB, held by
Odette Chaves in Braril in 1927 before the
newer ones were adopted.

9N1RA, Jinny Beyer, received her license to operate En Nepal

In November 1969. Originally licensed «K6RQB, Jinny later held
W41DG before she went to Nepal with her OM. Jinny works
mostly 15 and 20 meters* and Is presently doing volunteer work
in Nepal at the school for deaf children.

QST for
 The poet Swinburne once wrote:
"Can X forget? Yea that can I,
And so can ail men, bo will you. 1 '
In order that we don't forget, "YL News and
Views" is anxious to be able to record these gals,
so that some day, if we are asked, we will not
replay with Francois Villon, "Mais, ou aont lea
neiges d'antan?"
More on tho YL Suffix
Theodore Hannah, K3CUI is responsible fur the
lifting of the language barrier and adding three
more distinctive calls to the list of YLs who hold
that exclusive suffix. In Czechoslovakia, there is
0K2YL. Rxnssm baa UA3YL, and 1/A4YL. Tie also
suggests that possibly UB5YL in the Ukraine, and
UFttYL in Georgia could be YLs if the masculine-
feminine name pattern is followed there as in other
slavio countries.
In answer to several requests that specially as- r
signed call used by YLRL at the International > ji
YLRL Convention* was W1YL in 1980, W8YL in
1964, and K0YL In 1968. The time period that these
calls were itt use was during only the three day W3GTC, Carolyn Current.
period covering each convention.
Communications is the lifeline of this annual
Carolyn Cumna, W3GTC event, and amateur radio maintains that vital link
IIow many of us ilerided to get our license bemuse with the women flyers. Operators are needed not
the OM confessed he'd "always wanted to be a only at the beginning and the termination points,
lutni, "and finally was getting around to doing but along the route that these ladies will fly. Any
something about xtT This wan the case with W3GTC, YL who wishes to become a part of this quite unique
who thought *J what's sauce for the gander can be service to the woman flyer* in requested to let
just as tasty for me, so I'll go along for the ride.'1 Carolyn Currena, W3CTC, i \ 0 . Box 623, Norris-
Carolyn got her Novice in 1956, and dropped her town, Pa. 19404, know of her availability so that
N early in 1957 when she paused General Clasa* all plans may be completed well in advanrm.
Of all the certificates she has earned, and the
many awards she has received, the u»e most highly Memt th* Club — WRQNE
prised is the award from t-he Chapel of the Four
Chaplins for her outstanding Public Service. This \V1 YLs met informally as early as 1950, but it
Legion of Honor Membership award is given for was not until 1965 that serious consideration was
Public Service rendered via amateur radio, and in given to the idea of a formation of a dub for New
19tt7» Carolyn was honored for her work in coordin- hingland YLa. In October of that year a tea was
ating and planning the communications work of the held in Boston with VV1TRE as chairman, and 31
annual Powder Puff Derby. YLs attended. The official name, Women itadio
Operators of New England, was chiinen, dues were
When she is not up to her ears in preparation and set, and W1THK. WWVN. W1QON, W1RYJ, and
planning of AWTAR, Carolyn's favorite on the air W1VOS were ejected as a five member executive
activity is "just plain rag chewing," preferably board. That first meeting also saw the beginnings
with other YLs. tthe can be found4 1
on 75 "except of a YL net on 3890 kH* to keep members and
when 10 meters is open and 'hot / She holds YLCC, other interested women operators in touch with YL
Lads and Lassies, Grandmothers", Blue Ridge Net, doings.
and Penn-Jersey certificates, and is a member of
YLRLt and the Penn-Jersey YLs, WHONE was growing rapidly by 1968 when it
was decided to try to spark interest in ail five New
Plan Ahead —Mid W**i YL England states. It was this year that also saw these
gals decide to host the Third International YLRL
The 18th annual Mid-West YL Convention will
be hosted by the TASYLs this year at the llamada
and Voyager Xnn in Flint, Michigan on June 19, 20, W V1 ifii
I Of.*(i.n*i.
N B M/st,
%
^^SQju.
21, 1970. The Automotive Htate YLshave promised - ,i .It*! t,
something for everyone who attendsi and extends 1. < .
a particularly warm welcome to the OMs who like J-
to accompany their ladies to this annual event.
Remember Mid-We*t YL is not limited to YLKL
membership only. It represents ait licensed women
amateur radio operators. Nor is it necessary to
live in the mid-west to attend. The theme is radio,
and the setting is feminine, eo nay the TASYLs, so, • '.A
if you're a gal, and have a license — come join them.
. •HI
^•1
Win You Bm Part of It? w1 •B*
c J-.
The period of time from February to July seems
endless, but not to the busy women who are working
for another successful Powder Puff Derby in 1970.

February 1970 81
 MINOW Net members who attended the 1969 Walla
Walla Hamfest Front row* K7UBC, Vwda, WA7DXI,
Dixi, WA7BDD, Joan, W7WLX, Ethel, and W7MFS,
Gladys. Back rowi K7PVG, freida, W70NL, Dot, K7RAM,
Bobble, WA7FRM, June, W7KR, Esther, W7FDE, Alma,
WA71RD, WlJIfe, and WB6RFE, Lucy-
WRONE certificate.

WA7BDD 636 K6PFF 376*

K9QUR/7 540 K6DLL 9783*
WASKKQ J 730* WA6AOE 4667*
wwuw 1600* WA8ISY 600*
KftlNV H84 W7RVM 0013
WAttWX 580 K7UBC 0000
WA&ARK m WA7FLC 174V
WA9TYM \tm KUQGR/7 400
W9GH0 W7.60 WA8AKK 4601*
Convention in Boston in 1900. In 1959 the club WA0KVL 1472* KSPXX 4IH7*
certificate was adopted and "Mian WRONE/' W0MFW (WO* K&ITF 4136*
who began as a favor at one of the meeting*, wan KP4DGP J 43 WA8FSX 1740*
VfilAMB 712.60* KSTVX 1667.60*
adopted m the club emblem^ The emblem, symbolic VE6DZ V97.60* WA8UBU I6U*
of New England's oak trees and winter sports, in
Ubed on the club certificate, stationary and news-
VE6ATH 664 K9LUX 6060
VE7ADR 493 WA9TVM 3937.60*
letter. G2YL 160* VV9QHO 2405
WKONE sponsors two nets. Yankee Lassies on VE3K8 HI 7.60 WA0KVL 4418
Wednesday morning ou 3910 kill, ab IJ830 EST, YV6CKR 840* W0JUV 3106*
and the New Englandeanv, on Wednesdays, on 50.65 zuuo 337 K0EPE 2013
MHs, at 14UU KST. The dub newsletter is called
f'hon* K01TP 1800
WBHKjU 2433,76* WA0TNI 1157,60*
Miss WKONG's Chattrr, WA3FUH 712,60* K0JFO 990*
WRONti holds two luncheon meetings a year, KBOYG 186* WA0MVO 630*
the lirst Saturday r>f November, and the first WA3ATQ •UJ5U* K0BTV 862*
Saturday of May. Any and all Y Le are welcome to W3TNP 3646* VE30TI 3488
attend. W3MDJ 2832 VE48T 1203
WRONE holds an interesting distinction, over KHTNL 630 VE7NW 4360
W4HWR 4*00 VK7ADR 2088
the past 10 years, members from thm very active K4RUU 3A26 KX7FFM ass
Y£J club have been busy, not only with their own W4EKN 3169 KP4DOP 2860
club affairs, but al&o in VLRL holding ail of the K4DNL 3018.76* DL3LA 2720
executive offices in V LRL at various times. Three WA4UWK y07* G«LY 383.76*
of the members— W1ZKN, K1IZT, and K1EKO — KftBJU 7086 HE^AZA 2218.75*
have been YLRL Presidents KflOPY 4763 JH1GMZ 442
WA50VX 3850* PY280 2992
There are two membership requirements: first, WA6TYH MB0* VK3K8 1165*
the applicant must be a YL, and second, she tuuBt K5MIZ IM8.76* Zli3JO 2092.50*
hold an amateur radio operator's license. The cus- WA6JFZ t>41*25* Z8AOB 2114
todian of the WKONE certificate is K1IZT, * Indicate* low power multiplier claimed.
Confirmation logs submitted but no claimod scores,
Cw~W80DQ. Photi« — W5ZPD, K1EKO, W7NJA, W8-
30th YL AnniT&rmary Paxty 1969 NAZ, W4B1L, YYflCKR.
4t YL News and Views" congratulates all tho winners of
Gut IVinnm f'htne Winners
Top scores not indicated this celebration of the 30tU Birthday of YL&A.
WA8B&Q 1720* by YLRL Vice President.
WB6QM D 1633
WA9TVM 1633
Tup Combined Store*
K6DLL 7163 Corcoran Award
WAvTVM fi&IU.fiO
WA50VX
W4HWR
K4RHU
48e$*
4774
4862.25*
Strays
WB20QU
WttGHO 3093.50 Marie de Forest, widow of Dr. Lee de Foreat,
VK3KS 2676.50 World DX, Hsger Award inventor of the vacuum tube and many other elec-
ZL3JO 2329.60* tronic devices passed her General class and holds the
WA8SKX 2320 call WB6ZJR.
WA6JFS5 1335*
WAausu 1560*
WA2FGS loos* The AKRL film, "The'H^n's Wide World/' has
VE7ADR 3681* North American Hager cropped up all over on TV. Now radio broadcast
Award. stations can get into the act, too. David G. Flinn,
W2CFP, of Stellar Industries, is making available
Cw ncom W4HWR 168* to broadcasters at cost the aeries of 40 ten-minute
K1QFD 1136* WA50VX 1216* programs on amateur radio which he used on an
WASWHE 1400 WA6VJW 864 Ithaca radio station. He1* also launching a uew
WB20QU imso* W5.1FZ 593.76 series of five-minute shows. Mimeographed inform**
WB2FVI 726 WB6QMD 1632
WA3FGS 202.60* WA6M1W W20* tion on the programs can be obtained directly from
K38QX 400* KADLL 380* Dave, at 10 Graham Road West, Ithaca, New York
K4RHU 1156.25* WA6ISY 36 14850.

82 QST for
 tYbiw OppeouxiuA.
Kirk Delta-Loop Hardware
OB those amateurs interested m constructing
F the Delta-Loop b e a m , " Kirk Electronics 6X61
Dayton Liberty Road* Dayton, Ohio 4&41H, manu-
facturers of beam hardware, have come out with a
line vt element and boom supports. Shown in the
photograph is a pair of V element supports and a
boom-topmast mounting fixture.
Hubs for the V supports are available in three
aises: 2 and 3 inches (the 3-inch sue LA diown in
the photograph). The angle of the tfupporta, which is
00 degree**, allows for element warping to pat tension
on the top wire.
The lH-inch mount is priced at $4.95, the 2-
inch mount is priced at £6,95, and the 3-inch unit is
priced at $9,95. Kits consisting of two V supports
and a boom-to-mast unit are HIHO available. They
are priced at $13.85, (18.86 aud $26.85 for the
three slaes mentioned abov*. — W1ICP
~ Habig, MTho HRH Helta-Loop Beam," Q8T. JanM 19B9.
* McCoy, "The Delta Loop On 10/' QST, Jan., I96»,
KE6P 0M£
bdckst
February 1970
Ment fceptf
r p is with deep regret that we record the
passing of these amateurs:
WA1REH, James Loring, Jr„ Bethel, Maine.
W1UHH, Clifford L, Hunt, MawhfielH, Mass.
WlFTC, William Boyd, Neromtl*, Maine.
WA1HKP, Harold Frost, Holden, Mao.
W1UOB, IMP P. Waldron, Koslindale, Mae*.
K2BYG, Burt Gardner, Pompey, N. Y.
WA2UKL. WUUam Prato> Valley Stream, N. V.
VVAlsDZE, Anthony Imbimbo, Sr., Rergsofield,
N. J.
WB2EUR, Nelson Tucker, North Beach Haven,
N. J.
W2HAM, Louis Battaglinl, Union, N. J.
W2JPV, August A- Greber, Paramue, N. J.
WMJXV. Zeno Tokasewski, Trenton, N. J.
W3LAX, Ruwell C. Schilling, Little Falls, N. J.
WZTWP, Paul A. Verger, Bloomabury, N. J.
WtYNR, Paid bL Walton. Glassboro, N. ,1,
WA2ZCR, Robert M, l^wis. Peekskill, N, Y.
W3EWT, Jacob Charles Meier, Noknvilie, Va.
K3FRP, Robert W, PattJuon, York, Pa.
W3ME* Robert E. Locentson, RToomail, Pa.
W30HK, Arthur EL Yoafaall, Pittsburgh, P^
\V3tJQR. John A. Matkol, Baltimore, Md.
WBWK, William C. Ellsworth, Oxon Hill, Md.
W4AHL, Roy L. Lambert, Florence, Ky.
W4HH X, UuieaD* W. Eggleston, Orlando, Fla.
WB4ITV, Monro* D. Godaey, Memphis, Twin.
WB4KAJ, Roy R. Whittod, Sarasota, Fla.
W4RPF, Horace L. Kinoaid, Louisville, Ky.
K4UOA, V. Robert Hottomley, Greensville. Tenn.
WA4YDT, lOoyd M, 8h«lton, Chattanooga, Tenn.
K4YEE, James B, Racey, Clifton Force, Va.
W4ZES. Frederick H. Allen. Winaton-Salexn, N. C.
W6CDU, Joseph G. Ruch, Dallaa, Texas.
W5MJF, Robert M. Butwh, Hay HK Louis,
WfiTIK, Alonio W. Kendall, Austin, Texss,
WQAOU", Frank J. Tramraell, Spring Valley, Calif.
WffAQ, Charles Huntley, Belmont, Calif.
WftHGR, Rohf?rt V. Pitti, Ban h a m i m , Onlif.
W6DAA, Cdr, Wilfred Munter, UfiNR Ret,, San
Diego, Calif.
WflMUN, Jeas Fopans, Quinoy, Calif.
W6NKZ, Clark Andemm, Froeno. Calif.
WtfPNJ, Roberta Dwrir*, Alhambra. Calif,
W6RSQ. Harlan M. Gregg, Northridse, Calif.
WflTYU, Gyle Oullumber, Tormnce, Calif.
W MS WIf Roy Roskiav, Lake View Tfrrwp, Calif,
W7CBE, Klwyn A. Eastman, Seattle, Wash.
W7DNT, Alfred K. Zambakian, Phoenix, Aris.
W7LWB, Ausust Etersie, Seattle, Watih,
K7SIN, Kermit M. Carlson, Oak Harbor, Wafilu
W8AUD, John U. Thorburn, Lansjn^ Mich.
W8CIT, Roger H. Johnson, Dayton, Ohio.
WASCXJ, Victor K, Davy, Elkins, W, Va.
K8DUO, Martin B. Pnttit, White Balphur Springs,
W. Va.
W&BESJL, Wilson T, Leatherntan, Rittman, Ohio,
K8MYV, William A, Robh, Grafton, W, Va.
WSOGY, Margaret R. Pettee, Marquette Mich.
WMOA, Raul (Psnl) C- Lopes, Detroit, Mieh.
WftWM, R. H, Bahnay, Pat-In-Bay, Ohio,
W9GHX, Orin T, Graves, Valparaiso, lnd.
WA9JAO, Montgomery May, Br., Wilmette, HL
WQNAV, Hugh W. Wilson. Milwaukee, Wise.
W90XF, Lowell K. Cotolfunne, Pekin, I1L
W9RKW, Robert A. Unon, Elmhunt, 11L
W98JY, Vional Woodard, Chieago, 111.
WftYAC, Walter W. Petenvin, VOIa Park, ilL
W0CGY, Clareoee M. Moalder, Davenport, Towa.
WftJV. George 8. Carson, Jr, Iowa City, Iowa.
WSVFH, William H. Whitton, Jr., SK Ixmis, Mo.
WSYEV, Fidmond Donse, Omaha, Nebr.
VliiaCMO, Boyd Parke, Ottawa, Ont.
VE4GV, Junes b\ MeKay. Brandon, Man.
VQ7WZ, J. T, Mather, Victoria, B. C.
G3JEJ, Waldo B. Hartog, Louth, Lines, England.
VK3AJQ, J. R. Kling, Frankston, Vie., Australia.
VK3KX, Ron Ttodyr Colao, Australia.
83
 GEORGE HART, W1NJH
Coaunnaicattt

ELLEN WHITE, W1YYM,

i, Ifflgr,
Ad ministration: LILLIAN U. SALTER, WIZJE
DTCC- ROBERT L. WHITE. W1CW Training GERALD FINARD
Contois: ALBERT M. NOONE, WAIKQM Public Smrvicm: WILLIAM a REICHERT, WA9HHH

Sign Your Gall. We amateurs nrr sometimes
pronr to forget that we art* amateurs and think
We are ordinary people in their right minds.
Again and again, letters, rojiorts, applications
and other types of communications are received
in uhich the amateur sending them dues nut
indicate his ur her call letters. Even some ARRL
official* have reverted to this.
Time m when amateurs knew each other by
their call letters alone, Yuu often heard things
like, ''His vM is W1NJM, but I forget his name,"
The name was unimportant, because chances
were good that then? wure about a million ur
more people with the same first, name aod hun-
dreds or thousands with the same last name. The
call positively identified him as an amateur,
and the unlv person holding that- call
Preaching this philosophy in March '58 QhT,
\v« were chided by one irorrespondent for making
such a big thing of call letters, which he said
carried no mure significance than his social se-
curity number or the number on his Sears Roe-
buck credit card. We felt sorry for him, and we
feel aurry for any amateur to whom the call
letters are merely an arbitrary "number11 as-
signed solely for the purpose of identification
on the air. To amateurs with real ham spirit
they are a great deal more than this. They are
a badge of accomplishment, of membership hi a
fraternity, a kind of status symbol, as well as
your identification both on the air and in person
at gatherings of amateurs, (>ne could compare
the novice license with a grammar school di-
ploma, tech as high school, general an college
(conditional an equivalent correspondent
course?), advanced as a masters degree and
extra a Ph.D. If you as a doctor of medicine,
for example, would sign your name John Jones,
M.D., as an amateur you would sign it as John
Jones, W9XVZ, with the same kind of pride in
the amateur field as the M.D. indicates in the
field of medicine — and be specifically identified
besides.
Sign your calls after your names, OMfl, I t not
only identifies you much better than a mere
name does but sets you apart as an achiever of
status not everyone can attain.
Club Assists. A letter received rrrently ex-
presses astonishment at the amount of assistance
and information available from ARRL, through
its headquarters, to high school and collegc radio
clubs* The same letter also wonders why this
fart isn't better known.
The League's affiliated club program is prob-
ably unique among membership organisations
in the extent to which the parent organisation
lends assistance in various ways to the affiliates,
which pay no dues. There are and always have

OPERATING EVENTS (Dates In GMT)

ARRL~£ARU-SCM~Affillatad Club-Uperatlnft ttventa

February March April

4 Qualifying, Run, W60WP S Qualifying Run, W60WP I W Mexico ybO Party

7-S DXOottttwMtfoophone, 7-8 DX Competition phone, Florida WHO Pfcrty
p. 02 !>«*. p. 62 Deo. 8 Qualifying Run. W60WP
7-23 Novice Roundup, p. 45 Jan. 13 Qualifying Run, WIAW It QuallfylntfRun, WIAW
12 Qualifying Run, W1AW 14-15 Virginia QSO Party 11-12 CD Party, cw*
14 Frequency Measuring Test, Wyomin* QSO Party L8»19 Cl> Pfcrty, phono*
p. 102 J AD. 21-22 OX Competition ow,
14-15 YIi/OM ConU*t phone, p. 62 Deo. * Leagrue oftielal* and appointees,
p. 07 Jan. 24 Morninft Qualifying Run, only.
QCWA Partv, p. 43 WIAW
21-23 OX Competition ew, 2S-Apr, 19 IARC DX Cotitest June 13-14 VHP QSO Party
p, 6ft Deo. phone, p. 78 Jam 27-S8 Field Day
28-Mar, 1 Vermont QSO Party, p. 104
YL/OM ContCBt cWM
p. 97 Jan.
French Content phone*
p, Kft Jan*
ttUAar. IS IARC DX Contcat,
ew/RTTY p. 7S Jan.

(VOTE: Ptaatble W6QWP Qualifying Run "Bltortiate" (same achadule) la W6ZRJ*

84 QST for
 Meat Your SCNU
On th* bft » t h e energetic young S C M of East Bay, Paul Parker, WB6DHH. Paul was firif licensed in January of
1963 af WN6DHH and ha* been interested In amateur radio as long as he can remember* He attended Diablo Valley
College and currently is employed as an Electronics Technician by Zeta Research. Gear at WB6DHH includes a Valiant
and HT-32B. In fact, he claims that he "almost" has to buy 6146» by the easel A Drake 2-B/BC779A-RBM 5 supple-
ments the station inside and a 150 foot longwlre antenna decorates the yard. He is active mobile on 2-meter fm as
well as 40/80 cw. Sports Interests include sailing, bowling, chew, trap shooting, fishing and hunting. Farther down the
coast, In the Southwestern Division, we find the San Diego S C M Richard E Leffler, WAdCOE. Dick graduated from UCLA
with a B.A. in Musfcology and Composition and an M J L In Education from San Diego State College. Dick teaches In the
La Mesa-Spring Valley School District and spends his long vacations traveling and photographing. His father-in-law
( W 6 0 U Q ) helped him along the Novice {1958)-Technldan-General Clau route leading to his currently-held Advanced
Class license* He was the El Cajon Amateur Radio Club Ham of the Year In 1948 and spends considerable time both
in Civil Defense and all-band hamming. Side interests include photography, art, writing, music and sports. Not the least
of his time-consuming projects concern Iwo young daughter^ age 5 and 9.

been two principal r p q i i i r r w n t * , however; one

that 5 1 % of tha L'lubu nu'inbershlp lie A J t i i L BRASS POUNDERS LEAGUE
member* arid the other that 5 1 % of the m o m U n - WtnruTii nf rpi, certificate far November Tmffln:
ship be l i r e n w d radio amateur*. T h n a i m wan CM ktL Del. Total
1709 16»A 107 £464
mainly to m r v o , w gri>up#, umnteurs who are 3721 7&62
WIS 7A4 44 Iflltf
already licraMcd a n d formed into organusations. WWMix 64« AM 31 Uh7
Following W o r l d W a r I I there wan established K) ..]l>12t W 4^ 1186
5TJ 4U6 1171
a training aidn pmprain. for affiliated d u b s , a n d Mi) H)76
M 481 10 991
this h a * g r o w n i n vitv utid gcutie to include a 467 ftftl 103 W6
W6VNO 433 410 t 867
fairly large film library of round motion picture K6B_Nki 44(1 au7 IH Mltf
films, fiJm strips a n d slide mllectinnH an well KBIVG 408 IH ?7H
420 A2A ti 768
an audio tape* a n d other training itema for u»e wtnn I411 386 '645 35 768
WA 3721 A4D 18 747
b y affiliated club* o n a " b o o k i n g " basin. WAJIKTX 321 ^lll 704
YVB4A1W 34A 30A 7(1$
N a t u r a l l y , the p r o g r a m contained m u c h of 1YA7KD17 274 0 H4A
2NK 1A9
intercut to would-be amateur*. Motf. amateur TVHfiBBh MM la till
WA31YH 299 31 6UD
nlubB include a certain contingent of these, b u t WA7FIKK u 17 666
it soon became apparent that there w a s & d e m a n d 2JM 'J,™ 11 662
K7RQZ 2*4 2A 361
for thetfe training materials from h i g h sriinn] arid W1U&X .. . 7 m 24<l 636
kmirMr
other institutional radio »:lubs whoso membership VV7US5X (Oct.). , fi 31U 27(1 2
connisted m a i n l y of Htudents often without the BPL for luOor uuire ofiyirtalUmx-vlax dtttwri**
WTAXT 201 WA&Ll'U 14H W \ 3 U R 115
financial wherewithal o r incentive to be A R I L L W 6MLV Tfi6 WA6HY4 142 WA^^KZ 114
mraihern, Connequently, a few y*»iuu ago the VV A0VAH JK6 waiurx. 1*4 W2QR
WAMYffA 170 WflJVO 123 WA4VUE 108
l a w g n e ' s B o a r d of Directors took action to W4TN 173 tt'AKDWJ* m WVttUTT 104
U4ABS/4 tfifi WA3HRT 11$ WAItiYY 102
except h i g h school amateur radio c l u b * from the WORfeU Ull
5 1 % membership rule, requiring o n l y one r i u b Mnrp-Th An-One-Operotnr tit&Xian
member to belong to the l e a g u e . I n 1969, this IVA4KCY 361 Late Ri-part:
WA4JbSUY (Uct.) StfJ
rule w a s extended to include college radio clubs. Tbc b p l Ifl open to Alt amateur* m thp iintM Kutw,
C'wiada mid 0-8. I<OG&etMl»u» who report to their WOM
H o w e v e r , the requirement that 5 1 % m u s t be ft mvsa&jrc totnl <jf 5110 or & huth r>rfgin&tkm and rfHlvwy
lAiltitn of lou or mure for uuv calendar moattL All
licensed amateurs still remains, a n d this appears aienafcu tuuxt be hftiuttfff on grriAtoir frequent;!**
to be m h a r d as o r harder than the 5 1 % m e m - irltbln 48 hours ot rccclpt 1n standard A K R L form.
bership requirement for most such clubs.
T h e l e a g u e ' s brochure entitled " L i c e n s i n g
Classen," comprising Jetton plans a n d m u c h available f r w of duirge. I t ih written b y a
other information o n presenting course* leading teacher of h i g h repute ( W f t D D B ) a n d wide
to the various echelons of amateur licenses, is experience. A I o * t of tlie training aids, however,

February 1970 85
are not generally available to nun-affiliated cieties and of the Communications Department),
groups. OnasionAfly, where na item i? not in separate brochures regarding program ideas and
great demand, exceptions can be made, but the a club safety program, a letter from the League's
affiliated groups havefirt»tnail. Circulation Manager outlining a procedure by
What is hIbo available to any group wishing to means of which the club treasury can benefit from
form a club and/or become affiliated with ARIiL AKUL membership dues collected through the
is a "club kit/ 7 This i« a portfolio of various club, complete details on how to affiliate with
documents and publication* which any amateur AKKL, a complete list of ARRL training aids
radio club or prospective club would find uwful. and a brochure entitled "Your Radio Club"
Among its contents are a ropy of Operating anwhich contains information <m organisation,
Amateur ttadia Htotum, the latent "Affiliated dues and finance^ incorporation, maintaining
Club Bulletin" itwufid by headquarters, a sample interest, conducting "hamfests," putting out a
club constitution, Articles uf Association and club bulletin, setting up a training program,
By Laws of the league (including complete netting up BCI and TVI committees, issuance
Kules & Regulations OoucerninR Affiliated So- of certificates and conducting contests.

(§> D Z C E N T U R Y C L U B A W A R D S Q

Prom November 1,19RQ through November 30, I960, DXOCeerfaftoateabattedon contact* with
lO^x-awrecoantriMharebeeaUeiiedby th* AKKL Headquarter! to the Amateiirilutod Wow.

7Um Tfcemfan
K4VOX 218 K8WFEll>.l0y W'6tt4 107 WttEA O 104 VK3WW ...101 UW320«...,100
iOAAC 2US IJCfflOW. ..aKU> W7W 107 fflUUI 104 WA40F»,..101 VRWN 100
HA3QF 149
WAtfEDC... 148
whrcou.Aw
K6AV4 . IHH
WtfZGO .,.107
DJ9JD lllfl
WAMgE...lQ4
CX9BT UKf
W A WW A . 101 W3WO
WA5TQT...101 WB2GDH, «lull100
K9MU5 130 WUONO.,. .lOW DK2KT.... 10<! LA44K 103 VVT56FOT ...101 \VftfraS.,.lU0
vkiwp m YTMKO too OKAOlEt ..106 UA3WN....103 DMUAUU. .100 WABBLE... 100
J.AIWTJ . ...126 liCtiif 107 WB4KW7.. 1U0 K5HN 103 K4A.HP..... 100 tt'BOWAV.. J00
UA3JD 136 JA6YAF.,, ,107 K9MDF... .106 HA IVB KM WB6VNI...100
OEUDT 138 J-'YKDBU. , ,107 LA&DL. ,... 106 WA9VOL...1W P*IJV| 100 W7IV. 100
WMWX. ...Ul> VApU 107 WAJKKHQ.., LQ6 F8XB 101 W' A7FKV...l55
WA3A0Q..>U* .107 OHflAB IU4 UAjtJLd 101 U'Ctf&AX.., UlO
vrarxz**.. lit W84JMS.. .107 W1BEF 104

W 103 r>KtQA ...116 OBSOE... ..ir» W.WCCKrlJ \ra6For.... ioi VE3CAO.,,. 100
W2DF* liUI WB6JCUG. .119 VV4FA 107 O.J0(4O W8C&W ... 101 WArai>Y..,l00
Ob 1HH ....Iff* TF3WLN... ill DJ6KW, .* • 1M DK3UN OKINF 100 WSUX3,. ,. 100
DL30M. , >.161 W2KFJ Ill K9MCTF,, 104 W+LOJ K6PF10 ion WA6TAX...U
&4VOX 1*6 DLftEJ 110 CTB2ESZU. W4&NC.... WB6ROU... 11
WtfARU..., lOU

Endorsement* itmed for ooDfirraati<ra* credited from November 1, I960 throughtforember30. 1969 are luted below. Endorsement
)iiting*frnm the ISO through the 340 love! are given in increment* of 20. from 460 through 300 in increment! of 10 and above 300 i
increment* of & The total* thown do not neoemurUy represent the exact credit* given hut only that the participant has reached the
vnoonement group indicated.
WlMM 260 220 3WT8AFH wmm WffiH WTAIOVT
KffDC YV6BZ DLlffT JA8Z0 UA3KA0 W9BF W0M1 W48D K8RTP
KOK^H KflVV/U W2NR W72H2 VtSRO K7AHO
K4EDF VP7NA VE3CDP/ wflaww ISO W5ZWX UA3GO
WA6GLD W7DY fflOEL W9 W9aWH HP1A(1 140 WABJVU (IW81N
WfiKQJ W1NTH K3JLK P5NW W8MX0 VVJSJM
Ufl IVA&FQO W 4 0MW i n K4J8 JA1ERB WA8ABN WA9BHJ
JA91U 2 SD ZB4J8 KlBUW kqdvq IfSBMi W9BVX W3AOO
mum M4CM K4ADK K«1AK K SQBW WflFH WB4BPJ
IVAftMGR wipy tt 200 KSRWfi KWtKL KflTWT WWSP wmxz
KftAHV 270 HBflT W2QTP OZ3NTI K8NQP wmoa
W4(jtj(J JAlJ®
KlhWI
240
WWHV
K30TY
K4BBK
WB2RSW 0Z7DX
W3(!Ktt OZflJD
SP8YP
VU12T
120
KlAOB
mix
VB3A1U WfiALL K4YXJ W7DH WAaHtiX VE3DNtt K3TER
DL7AP WA4UVB

100 260 240 K2KAP WA87BB W2MBU 160 140 OffSIK

ONtfiZ VBsAlO VVSBNK K3EP1T WB2WH WBSR8V7 DL4QO VESDNR K6UKN
VV3QK WA3KQQ KaoTV VVXKV WA4KD tt OZ7DX VVSCDL K»ZfKS
220 KBAttV 6W8DY W&KHJ WAiHBX DL7KX/
290 250 gaiDY KdAO W6GR7 W8HNK WSRO WJ
JAaut It2SQ KttWBH ISO VG3CDP W5MUG WA&PWP ^TSGSB
270 KHnBB 200 UA3CT OT1UA W9 WB
' BDXU W4QQ
W9BVW W8PK K3KK
Q6AFA V7A4LMD
K4BM8 mum 120 W»GH
WpDB(t
V7A4UDB wsc.su Kyroo V®BV
IlMY WAflPVW

86 QST for
 Yes, it's quite a parkagr, Bud it'a only the
be^Uintu^. Unco affiliation hji» become official No. 1 W 4 Q C W
there are m o r e M r v i n M available. No. 2 W7AA
i n this day and age of " g i m m i c k s , ' ' the question No. 3 W1EVT
naturally occurn: " W h a t ' s the r a t ^ h ? " H a v e tiu No, 4 W8GZ
doubt that there is one, but not the kind y o u
N a J W8BT
m a y think. T h e " g i m m i c k " iu this case is-the
No. 6 W4IC
obvious advantage of having as many amateur
groups as possible tn baaic Bupport of the L e a g u e d No. 7 W1AX
aims and objective**, for it is realised by our g o v - No. 8 W4BRB
erning directors that local organized amateur No. 9 K2BZT
group* are one uf our greatest source* of ^strength.
Thin m the nateh — unity and mutual support. 5BDXCC NEWS
D o n ' t y o u witfh all " g i m m i c k s " were batn-d uu
such motivations?—- W i N J M *
F i v e - B a n d - W A S Record Keeping. T h e ac- quarter* tiles, with no time to return invalid petitions for
tual " a p p l i c a t i o n " forms tor thw new 5KVYA8 additions, a petition may be found invalid by teasona of ex-
<frroKtM ten dollars a throw. An y o u m a y r e m e m -
piring memberships, indi vidqal signers uncertain or ignorant
nf their membeiwhip statue, etc,
ber f r o m back ubupb, thin fets covers prorepsing, Klfctlons will take place immediately after the cloning
return of the canis b y first class registered mail dates npecified for recmpt of nominating petitions. The
and — moflt-ly — that beautiful jKirnonalized ballots mailed from Headquarters to full members will list
in alphabetical sequence names uf all eligible candidates.
plaque shown in the January itteue, (Full rules The following nominating form is suggested. (Signers
appeared in the October '69 issue.) H o w do y o u should be sure to give city, street address and sip code.)
k e e p track until y o u ' r e r e a d y to submit the Hnmmunications Manager, AHKL [Place and date
cards and p a y your money? Kasyl Send an a d - 'J26 Main «t«. Neuington, Coitn. 06111
dreraed stamped euveiope and ask f o r Operating YVft, the undersigned full members of the
AJkfiftL denMon of tbe
A i d N o , 8. T h o u g h specifically tailored for Division! hereby nominate
regular W A S , the reverse side of this sheet has as candidate fur Bectfou Communications Manager for
an alphabetical listing nf the states with five thia Beetwn for nwt- two^ygar-»term of otfice,
adjacent c o l u m n s G o t the picture? tfend for Yuii arp urged to take the initiative and file nominating
petitions immediately.
your copy of Operating A i d N o - 8 t o d a y —
— Gwry* Hurt, \VJNJMt Cammuni&Uione Manager
WtYYM.
Prwnt
Sedb* OtoinglJaU MM Tern End*
ELECTION RESULTS (.Vnnecticnt Feb. ill, 1fl70 John J, McKassor. .Apr. 11,197ft
Valid petitions riominating a rimcle candidate a* Section Saskatchewan... ^eb. 10,1970 Gordon C> Pearce. .Apr. i l , 1070
Manager wer* filnd by zxu*inham in the following sfectionn, Nebraslcs Uar.lUvlfl70 V.A.Cbdiwi May1^70
6an Knuicism.. .,Mm,1Q, 19711 HughCWdy Besicoed
completing tboir el notion in aoonrrj&nce with regaJ&r League Western
policy, eooh terra of office <«t*niug on bhe data given. lVnnsylvama. .Mar. 10* 1070 J.Wojtkiewzci...Henffned
ffeuihDftkota Bdwtrd (>r»yf WAM*PX Nov. iJBitil Louisiana Apr. JO. 1U7o J.A.tfwaasno.ilr*, .Jane 10,1970
Arkuuat... Robert IX Hrhaelfer, WAftHS,,. MOT- f, 19H9 Ksstem New York .Apr, 10, IV7» (rraham G* Berry.. June 10,1970
Indiana William i\ Johnno, TOBUQ.,. .Nov. 1,1W9 Qf Apr. 10,1070 James Ibey June 11, ltfo
Orsnie Jeiry L> V^DufL WABftUV.. ..Kwv.iaiOOO Sastem
Wiimiin SL M, Pokoray, WONHl4 Dec. 10,I960 Mauftcimsettft, Apr. tO, 1070 FrankL.BsknrTir..June J^ 1070
Mew York City* Wyoming Apr. 10, tv70 Wayne M. Moors. Judo 2fiv 1070
Loaglaland FredJ» tininj**,K2DGI Jan, a, J07O South Carolina. >.Apr. 10,1970 OhavbaM. Wright.June 1«70
Alaska May U> 1970 AlUrtP.Wsber^ July 10,1970
la the fiavtersi Florida tSw^ion of the Boutlieastern Divi- Utah May 11( 2970 Thomas H, Milter, July ifc 1070
ilon, Mr. John P. Porter, W4KGJ, and Mr. Ronald J,
Locke, VV4VPX, were nominated, Mr. Porter received M l
voten and Mr. Locke received 400 vote*. Mr. Porter's term OCTOBER CD PARTIES
of office hejcan Nov, 23, ltfttU,
Due to circumstances beyond our control, high^ctaisned
ELECTION NOTICE snores for the October Parties eould not appear in January
V t f 1 * o t the benefit ut you record beepers, the following
fo ARHL member* in the frxtivn* luted below: ant the top ten high-claimed scores. They read, from left to
You mho hereby notified that an election for dmtion Com- right; appointee, total score, nam Tier of QUO*, number of
munication* Manager te about to be held in your rHtfpeotive seotiona, riumhpr of hours of operation. Final adjusted
aecfclotw, Thia notice supersedes previous noticea. scores have already appeared in the January CD Bulletin, —
Nominating po&itiona are solicited. The signatuM of five WAiKQM
or more AKRii full mwnberw of the Section concerned, in
good standing, are required nn each petition. No member
flhall aifcn more than ooe petition. cw PHONE
Bach candidate for Section CJuMmunieationa Manager Vtl BGD/a 317,130-861-7^211 W9HWC CW9AQW, opr.)
mult meet the following regiiiremeata prior to deadline WA0MLH2 273,395-709-71-30
date listed below: (1) Holder of amateur Conditional Class
WAteDC Sdl ,000*719-73-18 WB38IH lU8,O40-884-5M0
ltaenue uf higher, A lamued <or at leaat two
years immediately prior to nomination. An AKRL full K4Ptr* 353.1 OA-724^60-30 K3BIU/9 107,400-351-00-13
member for at least two yean immediately prior to nomi- VVAflyftM 2^1>«)0-685-70-lfl WtflYP 1 U7,10O-S4O-63-lfl
nation. Petitions must he mariwi on or before 4:30 p.m. K4BAI 234,15tW5fl8-7M0 Kttm/G 105,710.33442-13
on the closing dates specified. LP c a m where no valid KttORK 223,050-057-70-18 WAOMLE 104.70M45-00- 9
nominating petitions were received in response to previous W&iH (K7KHV.opr.) IVA3BGE/S 101,100-339-60-11
tiotic«v the closing dates are set ahead to the dates given
2^U»BUO-A6D-70-20 K20QJ (WA3BAN, opr.)
herewith. The complete name, address Zip and* and Btation
eaMof t h^nandidateandstBcnenif>hoiild be included with the m m 226,440ufi32-73-18 90^40-308-04-18
petition* 11 is advisable that eight or ten lull-member tdgna^ VB7HDJ 216*660-021^69-18 K4FU 92,100-300-00- 9
tures bo obtained* since on checking names against Head- W4UDS/0 89,90040fr55-lfi

February 1970 87
 W1AW SCHEDULE, FEBRUARY 1970
The AtUlL Maxim Memorial Station welcomes visitor*. Operating-visiting hours are Monday through Friday
1 r.u.-t JU*. KHT, Saturday 7 A.*. EST and Sunday 3 p.ai.~ll:00 P.M. EST. The station address is 395
Main Street, Newingtoo, Conn., about 7 mile* south of Hartford. A map showing local etreet detail will be writ upon
miuest. If you wish to operate, you must have your original operator's license with you. The station will be closed
February 23, in observance of Washington's birthday.
QHtV* Sunday Monday Tifsdny (Kcifm/fay Thur*rlay Friday Saturday
0000 ,». *. • 1111 i j, M i >««• >«•««<, i • • 11 < • • i. < 11 RTTf OBB®^ ' • M i < • •«11 i >«
0030 < — C20DE PRACTICE DAILY1 10-13-15 wpm >
0100 « GW OBS1
0120-01304 ., 3,700* 7.020 3,520 7,160a 7.020
0130 3.700® 7.08U 3.655 7.15011 7,080
OJ'QO PHONE OBS* •>
QKUv-OttfO* 3.820 50,120 140.000 1.820 3.820
4r CODE PRACTICE DAILY1 (35-15 wpm TThSat), (5-25 wpm MWFSn) >
0330-0400* 3,566 1,805 3.565
iHM RTTYOB8* RTTYOB8® >»
UUO-0430* 3.625 14495 7.095 14*095 4,H25
0130 PHONE OBS* < PHONK 0B8* b
0435-0600* 7.VW 7,220 3.820 7.220
0500 CW OBS1 4 CW OBHA
0520-0530* 3.700 s 7.020 3.U45 7.150* 3.520
O53O-0ff!X) 3/700* 7.080 3.945 7,150* 3.555
lino 4 CODE PRACTICE1 (5-J5 wpm MWF), (35-15 wpm TTh) •
1800-1900 2t '28* 21 /3R* ill 31/28* 21/28*
IWO-2000 14,28(1 7-253 14.280 7.255 14.280
200Q-U(00 14.280 21/2H* 14.1)95 21/28* 7,080
3130-2230 14.100 14.280 [4.100 14.280 14.100
7.255 21/280 21.1* 21/28* 7.355
1 iJW OBB f bulletins, 19 vrpm) and thecode practice on i,805.3.52,7*02,14.02,21.02,28.02,50.02, and 146.6 Mils.
» PhrtDM OBtt (bulletins* 1.81,3.82,7,22, 14.22, 31.27, 50,12, and 145.6 Mils,
iRTrVOBS (bulletins) 3.625,7.095, 14.096, 21.095and 29.016 MKi,
4 Starting time approximate. Operating period follow* nrniohmfon nf bulletin or code practice.
5 Operation will be on one of bhftfollowingfrwiUBttciw: BUM, 21.06, 21,27, 21,41, 28,02 or 28.52 Mils.
0 WIA W will IlHtep in bhn Novice apgmen ts fnr Novices,on the baud indicated, transmitting on the frequency shown*
' Bullet Ins sent with 17U-Uerts shift, repeated iriih 850-Hert* shift.
Maintenance StaJf; Wis Qltf WPR, + Ttmaa-days in GMT. Operating frequencies are approximate.

ARRL CODE PROFICIENCY PROGRAM The (1230 (JMT practice is omitted four times a year on
dmtgnated nights when Krfeiueiiey Measuring Testa are
Qualifying Runs made m this period. To permit improving yourfiatby send-
Any person can apply for an AftRJy code proficiency ing ir* jdtp with WlAW <but not over theairl), and to allo
award* Neither League membership nor an umafrHir HcenMft checking the accuracy of your copv on certain tapes, note
is iw^uirod. Hand copies of alt qualifying rumc to AJiKL for the GMT dates and texts to be sent in the 0230 GMT
grading, stating the call of thefetationyou copied, if you practice on the following dates:
qualify at on* i»f the six upeedt transmitted (10-35 wpm) Date Subject of practice test from December
yon will rw>ivu a certificate. If your initial qualification is Feb, 11:/Item*toI's, p, 9
for a Mpwd below 35 wpm, you may try later for endon*- Feb. 17: In-Lin* RF Power Metmina, p. 11
roent stickers. Eaoh month the ARHL Activities CalendarFeb. 20; Some Common Qwtion* and Th*tr Anxwtrw,
notes the qualifying run dates for W1AW and WfiOWP Feb, 26: Amateur IMfe /*uM«r»rtenm,p. W
tWCZRJ. alternate) for the coming 3-month period, Date Subject of pmctlcn Ixixt from Und*r*laiidintt
Amateur Modify First Edition
W1AW vrill simultaneously transmit a qualifying run «n Mar, 2: \foutdinv the ComporwU*t p, 123
1.805 3,52 7,02 14.02 21.02 2H.U2 50.02 ami 145.K Milj, Alar. Bs&Mrfiiftp, 124 IWH
at 05KO GMT February I it. (In cmntfertiac, U2U0 GMT
l>Vbru»ry 12 hpcomp« iUttJ KBT February 11.)
W60WP (W6ZRJ, alternate) will transmit a qualifying run
on SON) and 7129 kHs, U6UO GMT February 4. (In convert-
ing, UG00 GMT February 4 becomes 2100 PST Feb. 3, >
Cod* Practice
W1AW transmits daily code practice according to the
following achedule. For practice purposes, the order of
words in eaoh line may be reversed during the 5-13 wpm QST con^ratulatea . . .
transmissions, (fiach tape carries a checking reference.) Earl Lewis, WN1KX5, now president of the Hart-
ford Division of Emhart Corporation.
Speeds Local timee/days GMT times/diiye Charle* Hale, WA4ZAC+ elected Mayor of Loyall,
10,13,16 7^0 p.m. KST daily 0030 daily Ky.
4^0 p.m PST Marshall H. Ensor, W0BSP, uu the dedication of
FI, 7 J 4 . M* y?H0 ertt. KST \ BnTTh 0230 MWFSn Marshall H. Knsnr Field at the h^ntor high school
IS, #20,25 (S^Op.m. PtfTJftat football stadium, Olathe, Kansas.
FST MWF t4l*i MWF David E. IVeinstock, WA3HUJ, named a semi-
e 5^)0 A.M, PH'R tiaalist in tho National Merit Scholarship com-
35, 50, 35, EST MWF 0230 TThSat petition.
30,15 6:30 P.M. PST Max Galloway* K90XA who r«wiv<si the (Charles
JV
ft:00 A.X. EST TTh 1400 TTh J. Lynn Award as male volunteer uf the year of the
6m PST 1400 TTh Indianapolis Area Chapter Bed Cross.

88 QST for
 Sj^Strays^l
1969 ARBL SWEEPSTAKES

High Clnimad
Following are high claimtH of HH entries received
by December 19, From left to riucht: nail, claimed score,
number of ODD tacts, number of section-multiplier*. Official
revisits will appear in a later issue. — \VAtKQM
PHONE K0CTKN (6 opn.)
KflLBQ/7 155^26-105&-74
W5RUB I4M72- 970-74 WA7IFD fWA7ilti^HF , W 8
W5QOQ/7 142,505- 931-78 MAW) 120,064- 668-71
K8U xC CK92M8, opr.) W5AC(4oprs.)
141,206- 962-74 112JS64- 768-74
W5JAW 137,04ft. V26-74 K6RM& (W4CJR, K8RMK)
W8SH (KlZND, opr. I lOMSt- 734-72
„ , IKIflO- 90&.76 CW
K4BAI 131,2(12- 897-74
W3AZD J89,300- 862-76 W6Bff (VSDQX.opr.)
K8D0C (WmEO.opr/i 120326- 806-75
128,91*- 871*74 K4QSU 118,104- 803-74
WA6IVK 12M26- 864-70 WSWUKlfctfTW,)
W9YT (K9KGA, opr.) 117,676- 786-76
127.426- 356-75 K2KIK 117,457- 8U6-73
WA3GJU 126,VU0- 840-75 K6EBB (W6CUK, our-)
KZ5AT 13M0D- WI7-75 „ 4i> „ 117,144- 838-72
K4WAR (KjltTQA, npr.l KaAHV(K9ZMS,cpr.J
lllUUOu 707-75 115,060- 778-76
K(RKZ 116,640- 810-72 WA7XDVT 112,176- 780-72
VVA6LPM J1lM8^7W-74 1V7DT 111,471^785.71
K4LPW 112,060. 760-75 W4KTO 100,900- 736-76
W4KPC 11fl£50» 733-76 K5VAA 109*062- 76&-7S
KtLPL/3 108,854- 766-72 WWXU 108-040- 741-73
108^76- 726-76 wmw 107,260" 718-76
WA4F1 10*332- 743-78 W1BPV 106,050- 713-76
KJPKQ 106*076- 723-76 VE7BDJ 106,436* 726-7*
KfiSSJK 107,840- 7V3-73 KriUHK 106,160- 701-75
WA4I1KW 107,321- 742-7« WAUYK 106,080- 720-74
K4CSQ 107,025- 717-76 K4BAI 104,260- 606-75
W2MB 106,600- 754-71 WORQM KW.171- 716-73
KlTHQ 106,361- 746-73 KHUD,J<K7NHV,upr.)
WlFBx 106,460* 703-76 103,650- 601-76 Here's an antenna combination for you. HB9TI,s 3-element
WAfWIMi
W3IN
105,000* 700*76
J04,44S- 76M8
mens 102,784- 704-73 20-mater Delta Loop beam with a 10- and 15-meter
W1BGD/2 lu2,00U- 680-75 Yagi mounted on the same boom.
KlKVB J 03,72$- 658-74 WAKVB 10U.M2- 713-71
VVB6FRD 118,320- 732-72 WA1JTM tOn.Kfl- 684-74
Kmrjs 108,230- 703-74 WA3DHZ 100,493- 679-74
W3GHM L(J8,616- 714-72 tiiPUZ 100,368- 703-72
K5AEU 101,1125- 679-76 wuub 100,344- 680-74
W0PEA 100>512- 60K-72 K5LZO (4 opts.)
100,326- 73049 The PnKfc Office Department promise* faster mail
KlKDP 152JJ60-1034-75
K5LZO (4 oprs.) WA71FD (WA7sIFD IHP service with the Zip codes. Use yours when you write
183476-1264-74 MAW) 1OSL770- 747-73 Headquarters. Use ours, too. It's 06U1,

Something oldf something new. That's Joe Romine (L) manning SANW. Now, 52 years later, Joe's station (r.)f WN8EQL
Joe mentioned that the 1970 station out-performs and out-classes 8ANW * . , but he's not sure that it is as much ftml

February 1970 89
 rcc

tatioxK ctivifie

Trnffir: W S f U L 78W. W8VR 1170. WUEMX* 7fl«t

W 3 M P X 420. WA3GLI 1AK, WAJIATQ 156, WA3LAK
• All operating amateurs are invifnl to IdA. IVASHBT m. WA3HSQ 141. K»PlE 141,
W A 3 K X W U9, WA3JZB tl« r KdOlO l0Mt W . U M K Q 97.
report to the SfJM on the first of each W3HK 91, WA3AFI Pft. WSHMK 70. VVA3JKB
month, covering station artivitlea for the VVA3JXN 37, WASb'MI 33, WASLMO WA8I-VC 3*.
prrreriinff month. Kadio (Hub newa ia VV3VA 30 \\3V\P 2S, W3CBH 35, K 3 K T H 38, WSAXA
also desired by SCMh for inclusion in 24, W3FPC 23, W \ 3 J W L Kt, WBBNR Irt, kftMVQ 14,
K3KCIM 13. W A K ' K A II, WASJYC W. W J F P \
them? columns. The addrcwa of all WSJHX W3BITR X, WA&&XB WA3JKO 4.
SCMa will he found on paid1 f»- W N 3 L Y C 4, \ m v h S, WAVJSW W3ICC 3. W y ' i M h
3. VVA3BJQ 2, K5J<0& 2, W3EU i , WA31AZ 1,
WJWK 1.
MARYLAND-DISTRICT OF COLUMBIAr—t>GM,
ATLANTIC DIVISION .lnhn Mnnholfand. K 3 L 1 - V V S O D U .

DELAWARE^-SCtf. Juhn U Pernod, K3NYG— Vri ^mf, TW tie**. QTC QSf Afar.
rtKC/PAM: W 3 D K X K M : W3EEB. W3HKS report* .lu*
that he n>rtamLy enjoyed thia year'* Delaware QSO MOD :<fs43 IKXKI2 Daily 27* ViM KUY2/RM
Party. We welcome WA3KGV und \VA3KJhK to the MOHK ^1143 0131)/ Daily ifK l.ft W3CBG/RM
Dh)PN\ K3N VAr haa returned to Delaware after viaitine iMDCTN JMWi 29011% STTH t« 17JJttA30XN/PAM
many rtatea in his radzo-*-*j ui^ied Air Htreaiu. VV3ZNK MEPK iUDuZ MWF - KiOAO
in doing rea*arch yn ajnateur* who have opera fori in tWJUZ HH
K*ut County, The Delaware A ij Force M AM8 ha* MT\TTN 145.21)6 Wlitt T-H t« 11 *.H \V3IRV
graduated twelve Nuvviwh Ueoatjw r>t new ivjfuiation*
and increased activity the DKPN may pot hn evai-Hy PSfflf < taim«nM fNbv.i: W3CBG. WAUYB, W3TN,
'rti 3B03 kn,, if ynti don't tind it, pleitar tune around K3LFTV Appuintmenfi*: WAiLWT nml WA3K?K ui
Jt tttvr k<\ on Hkuth UKH and UP8 appujutees htill Olthas K3CMY EC1 Mont«omery Ca,; WA3BOP
ai* nnrdad in K«ant andflliaae*rSoijntiea. N f t report*? hr Wanhiiifftrin Cur, WA3GAU m tX1 Baltimore Citv;
UKPN, QNJ 47. Q T C 6 : K C E P N , QNC 33; n r M N , WAJC^nr hk KC Km'crick (V; UV30XM <u PAM
C^Nl y T C 5, Tmrtiis: W3KKB 34 IV3DKX 32, MDCT.V: W3MVB nfUl, W3UN operated in the
WA3C1AY 2ft, W A t H W n 14. VVSTHO 11. K W Y Q ^ rijVVW -r)X C.Wtat, W3ZNW keet» AREC operators
WA3DUM ft, YVAlCbAl 1. "in 1 thf* in (Sdvprf. ^mmty. WAttlJK ran« the BPL
iT'Hiif tor iits hrst time. The OM at W3FA i* hnamoinff
tu IppI tiM age—the ^iiwih art u;«ttinst too ahort- for
E A S T F R N P E N N S Y L V A N I A — t f t i M . Genr** a Van hiin to ruiiipletp ill hi* aiitennu wurk. Amirdins to
Dyke, J r „ W 3 H K — S E C : W I I C C . H M a :
X9MVO, IV3A1PX, K3SLQ, WA3ULL ^ H . K PAAI:
WSEMk \V3KfP, W90ME iw totforiolk,\a„ V«KWP
W3FOQ. i K> n»f»oTtji *i-|v n w i m l Irom W3KKK. nn» WA3NNG. WA3KKC ie uVf^raeaa in Oermanv
VVASLl'W KJRDT. K3HNP: OHH s p u r t s from and WAlJH^/3 haM r*hinted to Wimont mjih-
K3VVKU, WA3AKI, W A 3 J R 0 , W A 3 E E C , IVA3FMI, plntintt hia Am Korre aervio» in Maryland- The OM at
VWRH; OVH n>porta from WA3.IWL. WN3LVc\ WBTdH iff it hva Kxtra <1aw ticket and is rmw helping
WA3BJU. W3CL. KttVEU. WA31AZ, VASFMI, hartnunic \V\3MLI Imild an HB-3^1 an he ran $rt hia
W A310B. BPLera: W3CUL. IV»YK, W3EM L , W AS, \V3AI h"j Mini the UBNA A R< - hope tn tup
WflMPX, VVA3UHT. .\rn\y*x flip Svcvpntakea M-niVH are (Xfrted
nwi -Hi't'iJiqp Navy4^ trrhiilatiojui m the Philadelphia
Net Frtv. tlperiitt* VTV HM/FAM Ston »f I960. A liear*y wrlrome to Rnwie A HO and
EPA »tf 10 Daily tf :45 P.M. littv ft'3MPX
it&ndaliafown Henifir Hiph BchooL ARC on iumjiy? the
PTTW 1(6 ll> Daily urct tUMJ'X
f«imily uf AKtfL Httihfit^l Huh*, IVUPT 1a amtpmblmff
WPkRPTtf ^917 Datly A:iXl titt VlAscfM ft new Heathkit tranftinittnr for the \ATHAT H»h sta-
PKN- 3060 Mon^^ri. 5:30 p.kL KS^Ui
tion» W.UJlJNti. K1PKQ a pram is portable 3 and happy
EKTN 3726 Daily 7:30 70 50 \VA3itrv tn, hp hm:k ju Marj'iand after a ftnaith'a hark
VHK(B) 5(1.04 MniL»Fri. TiOOp.a. WaiXrCi hnmp in Oonnurticut, A* we to presa( WM50V ia
VHrw 8^X1 p j i . USMiU fimhiling MJiifiiwanl for i w^kH in Miami, WA3AJR is
hiiny-liiwy 'Aith pitt-n^tf m'hoiil wirU. K J K C M ta hack
Kield I toy mnixagpn w r * reewved from VfASATX, nti the air with hia mobile rift, WNUKBU'e vohocil trf.irk
WA1UH&, WKIHM. K3HNP, K3HTZ. WA3JHV. (i» ijKMinir hia un-thn-air operationa, <VmgratQ(atlona
W ASK KB, W A 3 K T f f , \\ N&LAJit, W A 3 L M 0 . WAALYC. to IV1TMTN n»t a rn»«l fine Trrmtir thia month.
W A U i Y R , K W F K , W'SVR and K.3ZJU. New riffleem of Many thanks to WSATQ for a j o b a* PAM,
the York AEC are KJKOB, pre.*.; W 3 H Y H , rice-pres.; MImM'N* Wa h'ljw hp trill viKtt in'ta uften from
K2KWH, : Wa£l)(> ( trean.; WSAMQ, ; hia new QTH in WP.\. Trafflc: WAS1Y8 WO. WJTW
W 3 X G N and WA3EXZ, truHfeeft. F M T re»uita thtf time LVftATQ m. W'A&UIL 311, R21.FD (40, W3CRC
rhnw ortr c A m ^ t lY3Kt<'K \ l p.p«m.« K3KMA 132. W 3 0 Y 4 «7. K3<i?5K W. W A 3 L W T ftX. K3ZI*K 4*.
3.0. WBNNC 4.6, W3YO lfl.5, K3HNP W-U1UV W3ADO 41. \\W\ 34, VWBGP 31, WttNlV W3EZT
37.7. Claims for tbe new Public i?er\4ce Honor Roll i>rp 20. VVA3IHVV 17. WSKOV 14t WA3QXN 14. WNSMJP
WMKMli, VY3MPX, WAS^Ml, \\\Z\\(\ \V3Kd4L m - 7. WAS A J tt K1PKCJ3 3, W3UN 2, K3NC.M 2,
(>orta T O P in Ktiisy ngain. VV3MPX in Uu*y rvhtiiMinic. WIGEB I.
WA3HBT hae a w w HW-lOfr mAbilin^. WA3AF1 and
W30KU ar^ kerpinff their O W ^kedn intact. W.V3JKB
m hark in m-Iinnl, \V3AXA in tnnvin^ in h iipw CjTE.
SOUTHERN NfcW JERSEY— Avtmr Hc-M. OhaHea
K. I^vmtk, WJYPJS-rtWfV W2LVW. If Ma: WA3KJP,
WA3JWL iui» a tipw ne«ui and an H\V«100 WA2BLV, PAMa: WA2UVB, WtZL NineteMi htatioxia
VV3UVO ii KlnfeMmttmjf yirntu, W3NKNT 19 tiie nrw
t u p uf SttN VY<V3MKQ m d WSKC^M innkirjc for
rroin the Southern NJ. ^-tion ^rticipatM m th« HH
Anil tfip hiahent xniffi ^iihmiftnl tn j-n»ir !M waa
chew tiiayere via hazn railin, Anv taken? WA3CKA ha« M.214 Iiv WJPAU with 414 ccmtacta whtle WA2DVIT
Iiik WAH. W3JSX operated W3(?M diinne the IYW J>\ wh* nn>ner-iip with h total anom uf 43.7RO irrith 34A
Te^r M'SIJIX. holder »f No, 1, Jirpnxe in r«>iir*«»t*. The NJKPTN r^porta: QMT 393, traffic SOS in
fhe 3ftl call are*. \h now a ftilent Khv. "WA3JK0 sot 3fl L(N>k for thp C'heirv Htll M.H. Went Ama-
his IV AC. IVNILYC Juade I W h . WA3TUV Rot hia teur Kadio Huh. WASURtf, r>n 6 and 2 nvtera nny
t ) X r C , WAVI PR h^H A k v HW-lOtt. KMPH «<»t hm ftrhnnl day ait well *a after school hour*, WB3DRO and
lat-daM cnmmerciaJ phone tiekef., WA3HUT halt lieen W H W W l arp hfiay with their new ptojuct, mi ulNatate
Hppointed Awt |nr Kiirka K3KN8 ant the iiewalefter for thn vnn*«ia ainateijr tnAin ar^ivitiea «F
tnVA 4,FTnra of the Y w M Award, "WA3KTK reporta omtrihntin^ ari>up^. Worda m commendation are in o r -
Hie H»ick? A R E C provided communication* tor the df»r for KSJJjP, ••pvrator ut W2PU. for hia continued
ilA)]ow**n Parade with th^ tollnwinff ^btfrtona nnrtrH- «ftivi(.y Tii infusaRR-Widlinfl: alon^ crith a w r y full not-,
yafin*: W . U B T R EC. W 3 M P X . W3MJH, \Y39WG, ^ m t y oroffram. W2JJ, m overst'in? a new quad from
K3VHP, K3PHJ, K3JQH, YVflCC and WA3HBT. hia Pennington, N X , QTH. Among tho recent OPR,

90 QST for
 OBtf and 00 renewals are K2ARY and WB2APX. shows 23 «es*ion*, ^ station*. 20 pieepfi nf traffic han-
K3('PF, chW tur at the UVRAfetation,has bwn dled. Congratulations to WA31PU rjn making the BPL
rwupmtini after surgery, W3EZT. eT~\VH2BC.$H, with 146 mrshhwth nriflinntM, I have n-mgned a* ftCM
wfthen tn t** jviixfjuburtrj to the New Jerney traternjty. ut t lie spcrtion hecauw of tlie pre satire of other busineaa
'Hip incoming official* of th« Ranmra* Valley Amatprir una I my nutfmTng <(>X ijSf* Burenu, whirh in vruwiug by
Badio Aran, are WB2JJN, pre*; VVB2PKK. U<>iptf mid. Iiuiinda and keep* me quite bn*y. WA3AKH
K2YBN. uptv.: VVB2LW&, in»a*. Thp //awww* Muff littH been appointed an Acting SCM until ao elision
of thp S.J, Radio Amu fellow*; WA2VKY, VVah'IT. ohm tw fi»>M, Thank* tn all thowr viho mippuited mo ui
editora; W2BBN, WB2TLQ, circulation; W2GET, DX the part aft well an those clubs who pent me their elub
eulmnn s W2RKR, v.h.r. «>lunin; WA2FVY, tfwap bulletin* ivgtilarlv. Future n«porta should he bent to G.
rflmp. RppiJar «kpd* hiv ktfit with W4YMlf Former R, ^fnneburner* VVA3AKH, 314 CoranpcrfT* Road, Cn-
member of NJEFTN now living in Deltona, Fla», uii 13 imipiiJix. P«ui». 1510S. Endorsement: W3UGV ab 00.
and 20 mrtw* Uy W2P&Y, \Y2H1A, WSCIIZ and other* Final iHiuniier; Check your Iii'hxih* expiration date.
each at 10 A.M, and 1 I'M, Traffic: VVBSVKJ 1«2, Traffic \YA3Wini 4I>3, K3ZNP 37», W31X1H 133,
W20RH 110, WIMJItG 108, K2UXB tfl. W2YPZ 36, IVASAKil 19H, W8KUN 106. W8NBM *2> K3I1CT 59,
IV2PU 29, V\ A2K1P 20, W2BLM 18. W2DNF 10. W21U W3U.IV 41, K3HJN \V3(LKJ 17, KWMB 14, W3VA
10. WBZHVX 8, WA2BPL 8, 1YA2APX 2. 10, IY3UHN 8> WA3JBN 2, W3UT 2.
WESTERN NEW YORK-4CM. Richard M, Pitxe- CENTRAL DIVISION
niKR, K2KTK— Aunt. tfTM: Rudy W, Khrbaidt,
W2PVI. 8JjlC:: W2RUF. BM»: KJKIR. W2MTA, RLINOIS—SCM, Bdmoud A, Metwer, \Y9PKN-
W21-K, U2HUF, PAM: WB2VSU Hectiou nets; «EC: \Y91I YU,l PAMa: \VAKXAP and WA9PDT
lvA.1.}. ( U ' <.ouuty KC: WVHPO, KM: WAV2UK
tmsx^ Tim* Ifay* Mgr. Net topurls:
NY8 im> t m Daily W2MTA
NY8PTEN 3H2A 1WNI Daily KSMPO AX Timtt Dav* r/c.
NY PON 3(i]2 1645 Daily K?Kli(! IRN 3II4Q kc. !4no/« Hun, No report
NYSCN 3«77 1945 Mon.t Tiiun^ Fri, W2HUF IIjN 3760 kn. UJ00Z Daily 212
BUB 3AUI) mi) DaiJy WA2VYS NCi'N 3915 kc. 1300Z
NYrftW ;«I77 100(J Han, VV2KUP 3)115 kc. IKIKIZ Mon^iat 2CI2
111 POUT •3QI5 kc, 2245ft Mnn.-Kri. 442
\ itpw uppointpe ii» \YB2VUO Kit OVtf. Renewulx ara 111 PUN 3915 kv. 14302 Mon^Fru
Bit CJRH nml K 2 H O ( j an U V S . O n g m t u l a t i o n i i Ml PUN KM Mc. IKNMJZ MM.h\ 43
t o our now A t l a n t i c Divmioii D i r e c t o r . W 3 E P C \ H a r r y III PUN MK28 Mn. 021102 Mon, U
hiU-i'mU W 3 Y A r w h o did MJvh a umunificent. tnr a rimf. (tike* 3932 kc. U230K Haily 917
jcmy\ m a n y ywira. W 2 C J L , W 2 D R Y . W2KLF and Etnct?y. Net
VY2JPB h a v e arraogeri c l a w e * f o r A d v a n c e d and E x t r a
r i n m hrkrtn fr^r thfr R A W N Y , \V2KQU ^ruvtnna The Ninth Rpicrnn Nrt had a traffic rount ftf SH7 mes-
f n j m n eatarart o p e r a t i o n . W 2 0 Z R ia p u t t m n d o w n an durjiuc Nov., airourding to net maxmi^r W9HBY.
all-hamJ antenna* underground* W 2 K M X ^ai*atiom-d in Tin* fimrr a sympathy U extended to HM WA9ZUK
toirop*. W B 2 Y K M QfctYed f r o m I^vf-rpool t o Nfrt.fi and hiM Family, whose mother paated away Nov. 30.
Trjnawanda, N e w offiwrn o t the N o r t h C o u n t r y R a d i o K91FE, W9H8D, VV9BPG, KBDOU, W9JUV/K9080.
t'hih arp WA2MWF, pren,; WNaKEH, WPWYH, KPWMP, K9BAH aud \V5(iXCJ partjripated
v-rep.
W A 2 H K C , m'ry.-t.rea*. W r y f u r r y tn rvpurt the paHhuifE in the ^pa^iie*1 lat«at Frequency Measuring Teat.
of K 2 R Y G . Hurt w a s lifenned in 1933 and was 82, W9KPQ now litohillne <>n 2-Ju*tor t.nu WB9AKO
K 2 Y A H )» hu^y jvmo.lefinir the »haok. WB2K11B >a
iihthk and MB9BWJ an* avtHitmg their \dvanrpd CJlaw tick-
ttorkuiff o n a high Kt^hnol phymra [imHIem et*. WUOEQ. of Mokviia,
thp in exhibiting hw Extra Clam
2400-Mc, band. W 2 C F P repoiin h w t r i - h a n d q u a d n o w certificate. W9DQ1.1 wuutd like to hear from thorn tu-
ja aimeti a t the nux/n as a l w i l t ot' uiu* <d t h e ntrongpr feii-KttHt iu 10-Tnt-tpr t.m, VVHUKTm ' hpw CjTH t« XJpra-
hreezet that M o w a n m n d t.he«p parts. W B 2 Y K E hatt hiy tur. HI. WNOC.Y ' H is a new Novice ill the Clinton area,
hlxtra and n o w haa h i s r^ipchts set o n bin l^t phoup. WUKKH hut a new Tli-4. The Deerfield H«h Hrhooi
K 2 1 M I i« liavinK 'i- franxtriitter t m u h l e . NV'HRadio nith report* a 30-naintry c^nfirmfttion within
f^Mii^n ft hnltir total nf 344 with 760 Hiprk-ins, milv a few weeka oi>eratin« time. WA9QRM haa lieen
W A 2 L P R and W B 2 V V Z ace p u t t i n g o u t a fine l o o k i n s iwrreptwJ at Purdue Univpmty. KvTXU in UL5JW fnr
puhbeation f o r the N C A R C * Renpientn «»f t h e l i o t thp npiit thrpp yearn and can be hmirrl on 10 and 20
ARPRC Honor 1MI nward are K2£IR# R. Synton ARC haa graduati-d 6 new Novicea from
W2MTA» W2QC. W2PUY. VVA2BKX, \V2XtUF, itN i'laha, At tor tlui-ty-tivr yetira «t trying, WNQOQU
VVA2CAL a n d K 2 K T K remainK the Uhip B P I * ' rnreived hia ticket. W9CA retired from Cornmweatth
Ifor the third month m a mw. Traffici (Nov.) W20E Ediaon in Chicago. New othcet^ of the Mix Mefpr Huh
37.1. W2FR 279p VVA2CAL 25Ut VV2RIJ K 170. R3KQU H t Cheapo iiiHudp K0KN7,. KVXKU, K9YJQ, K9ZWV,
VYABBWB, W9W1C11and WA9NTA. WA9LRC ptwnt^d
155, W2QC 145, W2MTA 148, WA2BKX 112, K8HNN
yn, K2K1R K7. WB2VND 84. W2PV1 77. W2HYM 73. an ' Australian Nite at the York Radin Uub's Nov. 21
inwhTJff. WBflACiF* i* a new General CIokh lic^tiwe. New
WB2ZDK 44.WA2AIV 32, WR3KHU 81, WfRQF 31, officer*
WA2YJB 28. \YB2QKU 26. W2PKY 21, W2MHM 20, WflDY, ut the NlDXA (Northern illimna DX Aiian.;
\vm>W4a WAIIJ VTj and VYVWYR. Mr. Anton
\YA21>H8 IS, VV2EVH 16. KSUJ& 15, W2DBU 14. Griainka, offlenroTe,Fpolre at the Wheaton Community
W2AFB 11, K2KTK 11, W2PKL 10, K2IJTQ 8, KStMl Radio Amateur'a meeting. \Y9AC*1S haa t*en nnmrd
H. IYK2PPO 6. K2HYH 6. WR2YKE 5. WB2RHJ 5. l^H, Ainhattaathir tn Japan. WA9MQY ia now
VV2t?KP 4. WA2GLA 4, W.ViPZD 3, (Ort.1 KSliYlI WK4NPX. WA9UNR ia thp iiew trustee tor thp Chc-
W2DBU 1L Total 2501. La^t year 2630. eaao Ainatpur Radio Club (CARO). WN9B^t, ia a new
Chicago call. WA9VVP2 ivaemtf hia CP-25 certificate.
WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA—SCM, John F, \V«ij- WAHYHll ia ft new 13-year-old General. Traffic: <Nov.i
fUwir*, AV3GJY—8EC: W8K1M. PAMn: VV3WFR. K9AYQ 334. W9NXG 271# W0UYJ 2f9( WA9WNH 20*i,
K3ZNP. RMb: VVA3AK11, W3Kl"N, VV3LCM, WSNXMj W9JXV 141, WA9RTB m, Wflfftt 124.- WflLNQ 50,
TraJtir netar KSHN. 2330 GMT; WPA, 0000 GMT 3585 AYHHDT 4Ht 47, WA9BRQ 42, W91XJQ 41,
Ua.i WPP, 0300ft 3fi95 kc. This i-T.lunjn in aaddrwH tn
record the paaiiirig t.f W3YJT. UperaciniK tn GPTientl W9ld>U 37, WAOKCP 30. K9RAS 29, WAMDL 27,
WN3KMY and WMUt K3JMP haa moved to WUCKV 23, K9UKK 14, W9PRN 14, W9HPG 7,
Mnrirfa and in now K4BKK. New utficers nt the Beaver IV AflORP 7, VVN9CIG 5, W9EY 3, WA9QBM
\nl1ey Amateur Radio A**)*, am K3ZNP, pies.; K91 >Qir<WB9AlE
WN3JPI kut»-piwi,T K3HC-T, secy.: KJLGM, trea». VVHEVJ 102.
WA3KPQ and r WAtlPC joined the UKAK MAHfl pro-
gram. K3IiQ\ mnhile^ im 2* Mc, WrA3IJll )a Dnw INDIANA—FOM, Will ia i zt <*. .InhTison, WflBIiQ-
VVB8ESM at Aim Arbnr, Mich. K3QJE made the ^ M : Mra. M. Roberta KrouJik, KHVG. fiBC:
* l>eaii*a Li^t" at Garuion Colle^ The ARPisU.? program1
ii» lor^knitf fijr KCs in rnuntrpft not wvt'red. It "voir
am mtpreateri in vrvjn« aa an EC in your uiamty drop Nrt Tim*
MW W3RPJ a line for detaila. WA3CXM ia pn*. nt ihe
Oameirie MelJon l-nH-eraify Radio Cltib. X3ATZ serves IFN
a* net mauaaer for the Tri-State Net. A new phonp npt IrfN 39)0 1330X KJaily 2300 tf-F270 K9TVG
Urn N.<en activated under the ^nidanep of PAM .1910 OOOOK M-F 21302 M-S <1411 K9CR6
K3ZNP. The net iw known km thp WphMu Pennavlvania 2300Z ri-H
Plinne Net f\VPP). Jt operateH daily at 03002 ou 3356 UI00SS Duty 177 WA9FDQ
krr Phone stations winhin^ to tiherk iti may do Rt Ilnd.
ncL PON 391U I2452S Hun.
PON V.H.F.50,7 0100ZM-T
97 WA9YXA
481 WB9AMB
aw time and are veleome. The initial month of WPP Hoo«erV,HaF. 105 WOPMT

February 1970 91
Giishen -VHC's ivv .rtfim* are WA9NYU, pre*.: MJN 3,Mft 0IUUZ Tue^Sun,
KJJUC, \ii*-|iivH,; WA9HNT, fery.-tmn.; W9PKU, MMTN AMI UU uMZ Daily
i'lituti» Utirk C.%Hivify ARC'a new >.»tticem uiv VVA9TJH, M I
N N RTTY \m\wi rttju.
yiw; WADTMM, vkv-pre*.; VV9URY, rti-y,; minn ahar Jjyli zrn'/. Sun.
WAtfhl.'M, tiw.: VVAslVVMit, dir. WAW'I K ha* it new PICCINKT IUUUZ Hun.
mbirwl ijtuuL KVlVtS 1received the Puhltc fiery ice Award MI'DN Itfttltt fjun.
tor hf<r pint hi til* Mian. Sprinn KI<xh|. The In- MIMN4PO.W. TU. tfO ?MtZ M-W-F
diana pull* Hmiio Club htid it* Annual Award Dinner.
UVhri mriMtl the A won I r»f AppnviHhnn. Tin* ;jw«rd MWPX HveniitK tin?* I'hHnfrrrJ imqwiu'v to 3910
iii»i|<» in iwvijftiition fjf many ymn <nitntuii(iin|t k«\ ,Ki H iH<nimup»t The Minnev^^ RTTY NeM*
iviirk tor the uluk The Indiana Radio Club < V>iiiihI Iih* m tH-rr) nf luort- trnHir <nrtlotK M<'iind thp otatp, TUc
a ui-w alitor lor it* impel, Vhvttt***n,All nimita'u M rrriMWl 17 r.w, kind J4 phnne H^t^p^nluiR HIP*-
rudiu elub new* -linulil lierfetitro 'I tie ItlMiri, ho* 39, cm, AppmntmnntH rtiilorffrd; WAtfHR \ a* MJN ilMf
Ki»U>mr», Iml, 4W9QI, W9JYO w home trurn the tm*pmd W AW t
A W im WA^UKT (IPS, New nfipoinfrr*;
rind bnvU the nil, It^mi'M ua the N«n» S AUUL W A O V I
H us O R H WWRYM «s hr Oln^tanil I Anility,
FAIT were viit in hy K9WUN, W'WV., MM AN hik! WA0RJJ Hh StrHp <\amty, WAOUAH uu EG Ni-
KtfiiKU KtlAG, t'htrf -d CojuintinK-aturns. Ammruri cullet f'unutv, Our tliHitkn to UfilffW nml WAfWPT
Red t'rural, v/H* i» IndlHunpulw tn mv Mm nprjation nt hit tlinr A-tvioes ^ KCX VVA0JKT has a new Henry
stntrnu \VA9L<jQ *nd had <i meeting with the mendier* of ZK3 linear. WApTQT hns tt
rhi» [nml chapter uluiut emeitwiu'v i-uimjiiiiiicriUun. L hope WAOWKZ tmmtly rumple ted «n ^R-101 i«nnMtnirtion
ynu Mil pmw 75 Nov, tfitT "Trartir TtdH" Mimnt Puhlu:
gprvire Honor Hull. thily two repnitii were MHit in. Ilnn't. pit>j «>i'tk \V A0J Pit in n iww Aroiv M A U8 memlw.
Irirprt the Luku County hfliii|ilrt its beh* UlN Honor Roll: Pnrtv. wns th^
KOKKR smrpr in thi* ItHtS Minnwr.fa CjS^t
whs .mlv 7 QKO* i>etiiml to wrap up md
WAVKAG ft. KVYUY 'Mt VVA9VVMT 23, WAVllMl 2U, plnrp.
\Y9t}\F flj, KVHYV 17. .ittiWrv mr/m /ivnrmi iiki> tn I'eneiiitroRp
he 1970 L^st] Pni-ty vill lie hi-hl June 6, I would
«n.n«ne to chot'k infn nn#« of (he r.T7.
r// r*/if it rcmlfnt, BPI* certificate* went fct» nuts. MJN i* nlriw-Kpiipd ni«t n'hi^h is iwei] t/k tram
kuKXX, KillVG, VVflJVU unti VVAtfYXA. uct, 11MN niiwrnniprK ft* r.w trQ-lhp-h>ui(lhnf(. After sun* e*.-
\.1LK listing wn» uironwt, It kIiihiIiJ Iihvp fveii 2.13,
Truth»: (Nov. j K0PZX 991, kftlV'O 770, WA'JYXA £46, MHN, whirli IU'IK Mt IK w.pjiu iinrinik tn
^liMticT is tititnitu-d, v ««u rcp uivttrd check in to
iliflftubir*, ifi
VYMYO 271, WVHKV Ml, W9KWH IK7. WA9KAU 178, H M O irt thir mni '
R Ktnv hiihIpk nf The
VVUJH^ m9 WMAMB IA7, IVAWl\lH 14A, WUUKU 132. movie "flams Wide World." ^vnilalile for non-nma-
KUKh'Y 102. WA&VZM 117, W9BVQ W, WAUWMT trMi uroMp ^Iioimiw. Cfoiitnct the hCJM or Divuuon Hi*
WOICMI tfll, KfiYKM 47t VV \HUM1 rector if ynr» A ' TinUI like tn »how the uiuvie. Trattic:
WAUOHX waj)/xj KMVHY KfllLEC
WABQJK 26, WA9KOH 2rt, WAMXF 25, W9YYX U3 WAORUA 130: AU0PAN i Nor i W A U V R W V«TOT 194. VVAOEPX 149.
113. WAOWKZ 110. K0MYF
WUCMT W. WUKIW 21, \V 91*1} W iXVWNq IT' W A O IA W m. WAorvn w, WA^MMY 79,
VV A9HHC1 WA9QKQ td, W9UOK 13. K9KWQ II, W H ^u V -M S3. VVOKim 46. W HiSR* 39. KlWRD 3ft,
K9WON !lf WABW1SX II, W9PMT In, WA9KNT 9, WAN PR 31, WApfTRM WA0RKF 29, WA0TOM
VV9KTH VV \ 9WJA K9JQY 7» WAK'HY tt W. V 0YAH 27. WAOURW W, WAOVYV 25,
WA9VHQ ft, WA9JIC 4, ^VASJNX WASOAli 3> KOGYf) 34, K0SHK 24. VVA01A1) 23. WORI»a S3,
VV0KII. k'tfYBft I, (tH'f.» WVKJLW 91, WAUKUti I WMRIK4 33, WA0VTK 7h IVACtHKY 2ft, KAITA t9,
KWQ\T ft. W0KNR WOMBO 14, K0ORK 14, WA0RAG 14,
WISCONSIN—KiriuiL-fh A, AhnSter, KlKlSC^ WORllil in. WrtATO K^pl/r 13.
woe}R in
12, WORK U. WAOOPT tt(
WAOYMU m, w.uiimjt k,
ish^: VV«\OT. PAMu WMI/.K, W9NIIF. WA0yXIl wORqn S, W A O N Q H WA0GFX 7, \V\(4C.ITI
VV9AYK. WA9QK1. KMb; K9KejA, VVAflTXN,
9
mivMX rt. W AO VPN 5, WNOTPT 4, WN0TVT 4,
.Yrfs Tiw y.V/ gTf Wflr. KOKBI 4, \Y0AAU 3 XV0IHJ 3, KiWWfl 3, W0KDK
M WBAYK 2. WAftMNE 1, W0R7/J ]f VVA0WDX 1. (<JctJ
HIVN UiflZ Mnn.-^t KOJT V lfi, Kj0ZWG 12.
KWN 3985 ke. 18lK»Z Daily 737 U« VVA9LJKI*
WrfhN Ice. ^cii^ Daily iwi tftfi VVA9QNI NORTH DAKOTA—Harolr I U ^heeta. VVOPM—
WIN 3ttH2kc. M116Z Daily 114 WAtrrxN VV0NMY ^pi'nt Th*nJivttfivin« with refatives in St. Paxil,
VVHSN ^7Ml> Ice. I»t«l2 I'uf.-L'hun^ktfiS 13 KUKSA KtfMHP'm ^pent hin Ikivt* an u trip to the Onrnlmaa,
WttN 3R20 kn. iWMYt Sun. T K 9
C SSU WOKPX ta in Mnrida and opiate* ot 1ft a.m. <tn 21.4
SVVHN 5D»4Mr. 03U02 Mon.-M. 166 - MKRP Mr. loctkin^ for N.D. frM-nda. K0PYZ went to Ohirago
.SVV2EN 1W-3S Mc. U33UZ Daily WAU13SK ntid mil he henrd no 41) meter* flfid frequeDCiM.
Ni-t ivrt-ihcatw wmt. to WAHWHT for WIN', VVA9ZTY if. WAOYMA recently pnt tether m HW-100 htu! tested
mid WAftTPQ for VVttBN. W9ZGQ und WA9ZTY tor WO..lit civvi ht VVA71RT/0'» QTH on all hamla.
ttone^i uupomtmentKr T K9PKQ » VV9YHA, from the mrtde M C j
A it him*- fnr n f^w diyft kf Thank^vuiK
Twin Oitie*, VVA0YFF ^und« FB on that
W9Si^.\t unrl KRl'TQ a* VV9NRPk KULUU, KBMTQ tiew inwteff
mi«i VVBYT mi OF8*; WAUfAK. \VA9\VOCv WA9QKP, teiir nulio Hu"V" nn To iflptpm. There tn n »hw HIiiil-
h in tlj^ Rrerkeiiri'l^e *rnamed ttu?
K9I>T1N, WA9TXN und W9YT ORSh; W9KCft, niree lOvem Rndin AmflteiiT Clttli, K0AAJ repurtA a
K90KC Nnrl KUMKO k» uOn? K9(}S<4, W9K\V(\ AVllVT, i„> SK-fni on the nir. WA0MND spent ThnnkflptivnR
KHK\Vt\ WA9PHVV attid VVtfKHc? n* 1 >VH«, KMT nmtlUxinwthe h"*-i>»t<d hut in hfltk home crnd Mine tiiuclt
lvW4HC! with 3,5 p,p.m. t'm»r. WA9KTY h«* » new phono letter. WA0GRX <uid IV0GB nttmded the Ham feet
patch K90S0 M thr OOx with 41 notim WK9ALH fi»r the Hindjrftppcd ni KHnhauU. VVA0AYT/ report*
itwiwl hw Gcnernl C 'Inm tirknt, A iu*t iwtihrnfp fur flint
WIN W^>t. t« ;VAk)VKr/9. The VVNA Pimfr «-Ut h^ held 1TnK*ersifv r.nlio amateur cluKforIt av.-ill
the fimdfi nre availnMe new station for thn
July U nt Bprahnn. Ww, nffkm thr WNA Htv Student < ^uter irifh the vffri"ll* Mtltenn^nhonrtn) on the
in the
roof.
KlIGSC, ohmn.: K9FUI. wcy,; WAflQNT tm* uffirrni The Fi.tt Radio Amntenr Cluh eli<etrrl WA0AVE,
th^ YpIIow Thimdcr AUU Mut pres.; KutM\ |>re«. • VVAOOVW. \ iM-j-rpN.; K0<WT#« Tseny.-trean,;
\ iir-pw,; KflPhQi bH*y.-fmtH. AM tfiin my lost rrpoit \V IOBTT ^rt itiffr. The i-hih mevfn the ^nd Tne. -'f
M K your Sf -M. I wtsh in thank all for the a^wUnre yind the month «t VhIIpv Jimior Hi^h Hrhool. If you hnms
ln»!p y«jif haw jciran nie thp twist eiifht TriiHtr: id N, Jink, mid Mirnicftntn nminumitie" ne«thy nrr in-
<Noy,.i VYOC^XY m% RtK'HM m* m
VVA0VKI 9 133. \YX9ltAK 121, \V \9QNf 115, WflKUF ti'^Kted in n JtHtinfr uf ulrl unused pw'ir for Mo\«ire or
109. KtrPKV 67, KflJPK 47, K9PHI VV9THW 4(1. Ni'fnetJnnjr,/ft\V«
oth^rn' i^n nie know mul powsjhly we rait vtnrk
aneevi wimr in Grand" Fnrks fnr the 1«r*e
WflDXD 3N, VV9K KO 3H, K9K8A 23, \V91>XV iidefent hi Noviw Ijcennin^ this winter.
II?. VVUttTP la, WAMTY IS, KflCWP 14, \V9\BP TO.
WAflPKM in, VV9t)VI It. WfiSQM 4, WA9«AB 8. KuOOF
I. (Oct J W9GXY 339, WA9RAK 119, K9JPS 29. KOOriE T^iw
1TABTY 35, WAMVOC 3. (Hppt.t KftfPR tl, l60m^RTfiS«*, HA check-ins Q.TC (WtfCDOHCS
\D IfW Hiti u
DAKOTA DIVISION 1h IX " " WAtfKSR RM
VI, WX NKT
MiNNEAOTA—Urrv ,1. Shim*. WOP 29 567 " " QTO 42 WAGT.RX. VVA0MND
\VA0M*\Y. KMa: WA0TAW. WA0RRA. PAMn: W0KMV Alt
WAOHRM. WA0OEJ, WA0MMV, K0GYO. V.H.P, NDPON
PAM: WA0DWM. 13 41 m " KITC 41 WA0HITD
NDRACK 'H
Ft**. iMe.) Ti*i* MTi /Myt mtA 39 " m u QTC 101 K0SPH RO
WRPN fmiftni .1.945 tmZ Moo^L
M8PH fnoon) 3.94A JfiOOZ Ain, A Hnti'ky TMlfcf WA0fItm 160, W0NMY 56, KiWPH 55,
MSPK (mnio«) 3.94D 234A2 Daily WArtTRR 2x, VV0DM 25t W0WWL 17t VVA<WT , R 13,
WSN A-985 0030/ Duly W0HF 12, VVA0AYL 11, IV0DXC It, VVA0UKD XI,

92 QST for
WA0GRX ID, VV0KKJ WA0JPT 6, WA7IRT/0 4, WA5UBQ, WA5YJA, WA5WJP and other* in Mr(!uiuh
WAfAAixn 4, wpciH) 3 AVA0RHH 3. ivhh for tlie p> in we of traininir city utficiala, m
the uw ot amateur oidm ijotistoiinicatioim. Clierk into
SOUTH DAKOTA—hCM, Kdwnrct C. Gray, • Mir iietn;
WA0C :px SEC: VVAtfFUfc. PAM: IVAtiCWW. RM:
WpIPK. Krt mittiuger*: W0ZWL. WA0LLU, WWW mo kr. 15:15 rut. CVP Daily
WA0PNB and lVAOMWN. IVA0QMP ha* moved from K:;iu r-*. «WT Daily
Mjrini'cotn- tn South Dakota to work u hill-time iui- iHicHN kr. 7?nn Daily
iTiinnrpr nf KSDR radio in WaM'towii, The following
Nation* reported Sivropstakw* activity; W01PF, Truffle: waC'ID^ 37, WA5HKE 7, WA6KKY
kpZTV, WA0SI1A, VVA0LYt> a mi WA^UMU 'Hit- WA6HKU 1.
AUfclC lueuriierKHip jh i)KTea«iiiE: if interested, contnet
v»nr Jornl WC? nr rhe KKfJ, WAtfCPX mi.(I WA0CKH TENNKSSEK—W'M, Hany A. Phillip". K4RCJT—
havn «>n 160 meter*. M»>t report*; Morning Nnt, SKf': W4WJH, PA Mr: W4PFP. WA4EW Wt K4MQI,
f 15 C/NJ aihl 11 QTX; NJQ Net. 4W QN1 acid 62 HM: K4AMC.
CJTX; Knily Xwncm HmmiK, Hll CjNf awl 4H <}TX;
Utp Hewiuu bVniina, 1450 QNL and 80 QTX. The Frtq. l)a v< Tim* QNI <i?t• Mgr.
\RKC Net new mew* at I^DZ Sim, at n limit 3**6 k* TrfSK 1X13055 25 1134 8H K4MUL1
IVN0VJG is tictivp cm in nu>tf»r* tmm CViitemlJr. TPN zm M-iSat. 1245 3U 1316 50 W4PFI
Traffic: K0KXR 402. WA0SKA M4, W0ZWL 186. Sun. 14QU
WA0PNB 146, U'tiHuJ 53, W01G 52, WA0MIA 27, ETPW 39HTI M-K um 576 17 WA4BWW
VV0CAr» 26, VVAWl/Z 25. WAUUKN 17. W0P.IO I, TPON mi) Mon,. UU30 5 182 36 K4RTA
\VK0VJO I. TTN 3VK0 Daily 22UU 2S m 23
TK 3H35 Daily 010(1 3U 160 H» K4AMU
DELTA DIVISION BTVBF 50.4 M-VV-F- 1KUMJ 12 m I WA4TJJ
ARKANSAS—S< -M, Rot«-rr T>, *-hm-l«-r, WAMIftJ-~ KTVHK 145.2 Tuc^Th OOOU 6 71 0 WA4TJJ
NtiO: 1V3PBZ. RM: W5NND, PAM: WA5KJT.
K5TCK «tid WA5NUO hjt totting oat afliwhtatewidu WA4NK(? i?> (-t>iinidi'riitK |itihlishm(t QltM (ni*wnletter)
nvwuleMer called the .Imi/Kur. VV6YM held « nn h HtAte-wide ImaiA. I renM\e' d 18 Rweepstakni reporta
RACKS codituimimtimiH drill Dec* 7. A new informal fu»mrwith acorvs un iiijEh a* 113.50(1. ORH W40GG haa gotten
mgrhew tnr ArkHiiaaa station* tuerfn on 3900-3HIIH <rt<iifpi»Mtion ntaTterl t»y pitting the Oelta ARC
ke. at 2030 CHT 8at. unci Run. evening, Welcome to nicaifist W A N
the
Contt-At. I
Kidffe Radio Ops in a two-month
attended the Tti-Citien lifting <Rria-
new tmm* \VAftVVlt, WAfiVYS, \VA5V\LJ, WN6KXP. tfil, Johnsnfi CJity, Kidshpnit.i held in <lohn*on City.
and WN5ZBT in Stirin^inlp The ARC-MA is holdmn f>KB WMJPT reporta that Explorer Post 15 (Naah-
Kovyat t-lftfim. W5PRZ i» iwin* » new HW-100 aa a villy) haa applieil for a oill ami jn netting up k station
mntule riu. VVN5KGI ?na<U- WAt\ VVA5RKU, <>£ A'DXA, nt the Red ( W HuiMinff. OR8/RC, WA4YFU reporta
hmUaUh] iifi tending eijnipmrtit. tn Jinm» tn wvrnl mm tfio Hmnholdt ARC hai» completed another Hiicci*»fu(
l)V coiuir.rii-tt nmt w helping vet up a DXi>«iition t" < tciHH»t. OPH WB4KKI takmgt Ailvautase "f a TV
AlliHrsia. Net r^M^'ta fnr Nov.: tow^r tur a-iiH-ter operation. WA4YHT wan <«it of rom-
Set Fimr r/r. UN! .tfpr. mnvinn for a while heeauae of a heait attack but ia
n-roverina nin-ly. Traffic: WA4WAZ 240. W4()GG &L
as OtttOZ 8 4U8 576 1VA5KJT K4AT 171, WB4JKT W4WBK 69, WA4YFG 40.
uzh: DIOO/. »7tMt M4 166 WASTW \VR4Pr.ift 37, K4AMC 22, WA4CGK 18, W4PFP 17,
APN ft/37 6 I29R 1MB W5VCW WI44ANX 16, WHUTH 15, WA4CtTJH 14, WH4KHK 9.
KO Npt 00002 Hun, WfiPBZ
DX Info 0U45Z Moo*3B6U WA5KFL H' R4I)V,J S, VV4VJ 7, WA4KWW 6, W4HSS
WB4KKI 5. WB4HLH \ WA4JTT 5( W4LBD 4,
WH4UMK 2, \V4f4Gl 3.
Tmltie: W.\6TLfl W6NND 17, W5YM 15.
LOUISIANA—HUM, J. MWn Swans.m Jr+. WfiPM -
SUtV VV50K. RM: K5AN8. V.H.K PA Mb: WAADXA. GREAT LAKES DIVISION
VV51U2R. At the 1/afayettH Annual Banquet, WAGXI
jfWHfdeti it Cei-tificute nf Merit for hi* cuntnLmtinna KENTUCKY-h^.'M, Gronce Wifann. W40YI-SW-:
to iiinrtteur rndio Mtirl VV5WMU w»m pwwn^H th*» W4VVH, Vppomtments: WA4MKX. WA4UA55 aa ECa;
Trophy for wtrminjt thp 196ft La, QSO rarty, K4DS5M as ORS: WB4ILF, WB4GCV aa OP8a. En-
WA5WBZ n-pnrtit trftffic on LAN i* »\<m for thw time dorsed: WA4MKX (ipM; W4VYR aa (IKS;
ut the j^-ht, WAAUVK HnyH tEie Twin * 'ity guiiR Uum WMUMU ai<(JVS. RP1<: W4.\BK/4, WA4VUR
«tfirttKl a Gnneral/Advanced, dam which in bi>ing wtJl
atteudviL VV5CESS han M<tit h^ 200-V tn the fiu-tonr for KRN" KYN ClNT X77QTC
ivromlitiomnjr. W5HA euyit thefininfii? b!ow vith his MKPN 471 m* KfiATM 215* 26r
R'FTV installation hut c^untuaJly Jie will he on the nil. KTN 734 2(10*
The (JNOAKC ^imluated its 1969 Hiimtoiir mdio Hftw
urth Hnvn pAwin^r Hie Novice, four the 'IVrh.. wen An asterisk will indicate improved performance over tha
the Genernl anil one the Extra Claw exauut. W.^SWPV couipurHiilp ninKth l»Ht ymr. WA4LTP ix afth-utKvy.
uwi VVfiCZ ' J ivrip the fine inrttrnrtorv. K5YMM would WH4KKH nmile it to s^h* with a 101. WB410U haa
hke »uy\>e«{y wwkinjr IW) to rnnt«ct hhn# It is with1jih*il rtitutuw eiiiH-flCency |h»woi hb a matter fit rhoiee
tWp ri'irn't we report the iMUisins x*t W5MCO. Y»ur U'hile hohtinff KHiV sta NC3, Ron »aya homc-hrewera
i ww I)iivftrtr in \V4WIlNr mid the Vice-T>imrtnr can take heart-lie toutid » l>uttle <W WW II hootrh in
W4WRK kith up Tftmeme way. Incidentally, the a G1 Mirphis atdevum tuner. Our KfiC xaya K4YZU>
ONDARCflCHiipKia i^fMtifr ^mly to inaur iluiiMnoiin. iKMinlmrshiii drive hn» N.vwstrd AREC over 3K.
(ViTifurt WA5C!ZK fr>i- further information, ('nhgrntii to WASCO ' A fh\h K+'iitnrky hat m m a big hoivtt «ith a flat-
WA5UKC and his XYL on tlie arrival of a hahy tering ailirle on om- puhlie wrvtrp iietivitrpa, Keportingc,
daughter. WX5YKQ »nd WNJKGSEA an- m^>uier!« AKKt? niitj ariive HPiwiintmetita are up meely; trafftr
tlie Jrlfxnvin Alil\ The followina from the Oaone ARC and not attemhiiK-e nr*- ^li^ht.lv nff. Tcatflfss (Nov.;
w'ere eited bv the St-ate C.D. CotnmniiicatjouH Officer, IYA4AGH 316, VVH4KPK 3K3, 'WA4VJ5? 235, W4BAB
K5G1.A: WA5VVPK, VV6RFVV, WA68N8 nnd WA6TKF. 211. IV4AHK 157, KilWM 134. WA4VUK M2. WR4ILF
WfiUB still in frying to thtw Uin total 11X ri.aint. W4DTP 1(12, \\4(JYI WB4VVKW WB4HOH
Traflie: W5MI 276. \V6Ci£Z 56, 3ft» VVA5QVN 79, K4MAN 7», WA4CSKU 74, WA4DYL 68, WA4MXD
15. VV5KA U. 67. l\'B4DQM 56. l(4YZir 63, WH4VLA VV4VYS 47,
\V4tMl3 4A( WR4KKR 30, tYH4E»:cjY 29. K4UMN M,
MISSISSIPPI—W^M, Clifton C. Ootnfort. WA6- K4VDO \V4f'K 27, IV4HS6B 23. K4FPW 21 WB4KDK 19,
KKV—The first. WB5 call tieai^l here W BAA UK, WB4IOL? 18, VV4ADO 17, \VR4GCY 17. W4KJP 17.
the xrcnml r:dl of WA5JWD. WAWZ hn< a new in- WH4I.FX 10, K4AVX 13.
WK4HFY
It, K4OKK II. WA4GMA 10.
VVB4r,KP VV4BTA 6,
law. W6AMZ has a new kw. home-brew linear. Fnim K4!K>K 6. VVB4HTN 5, K4VfiH 3, (itat.i K4f>AK 31,
the wot I Jul f>t Ilia hignal WA6HNH hwn a nrw one, too. \VH4luh it, W4VVH WB4HTN 6, (Total: 332)
We wt*lrofrin VV' V5Zt>Ij tr» Misaiaaippi from Tenneast«
mid W3CID/5, now \x\ Ocean Hpruiora. i hear that on
Doc. 24 Old RantA waa patched into the Mimiaalppt MICHIGAN—Hf^M, .InMi-ph U Pontek, K8HKM-
Side Rand Met. Sunfa'tf call wa» NPlSC. VVA5WJP in Awd. HO Ma: Itnifjpr C. Philtipa. WA8LWK; Howard
consisteAtly averaging leM than a 3-point avrrage on A. Walker. A'KJTQ. SKC: YV8MPU. HMs: WlUTQ,
th^ FMTs. If ynn grt an <Kl report from him re- \V«RTN r, K«KMQ PAM: KH(H>IT. V.H.F. PAMas
rMh1iratef At th» wntinR K6QXH ra doing aft wall an WAU'Q. KK^KM. Appointments: W38CW, W8HJF,
e.vperted with hi* grafted v<'ins, \ regret tn n-port KNCjrJi. WB8DTT aa ORSa? W8F8Z aa OP8;
that WA5POO, of Uenianda. MiaaM haa joined Silent VTRfi(rs OH8; WxriOT aa KC. SUent Keys:
Ka'y*. The *ttnulated emergency was conducted by K8HQT, WA8PTZ mid the wife of tt'AKNT

February 1970 93
 Ti» YA7 CfTV Mar. 74, WHRVP 71, WANYIH 71, W8CUT ^ WWU oi.
|{MK 4MI WAhPPK WJM'VtH WSJH iW, WttlAKU
WcftB \*m s;o 214 H ^
i KH W R J W K K T C "
H i UAJiAXilJ 47, W81PU 47, \VH«UKI
UPBN IK \\ A t
tLH C WftLlCE 53, WA8ULF 42, W yM C JK U, WWW
PuN-DAY
zrn
JBUO r«2 (^Irt ail KH h N K KagVR 4 U . WtfQNL 38. W8UAE 36, WA8UKK 34.
VlT 12U K hH IJ \\\HZSC 34, WK8U7/X 33, WAMKKX 88r WKLT 33,
UliBTN (123(1 WhUX 33. W8FOf> 31P WA8QFK 81, WHOUH
hJN-CUV IHKXI i«y ' VE3DrU
L5 W AHA J 2 25, 27, WSGHG 27, W.V&fXI37,
MBMTN 3U.4 ixwn m JH
KK/MBW *23UM-FW. a 0 l K8IJH W H L A U 24, WtftJXU UU H, WHrf'UW it,
WAKXJA 21, K8EMK 21, WAfcTKM 21, KKBVR t«,
VVKUFD gave the new rig a iwil try in the HfcL WBI.L W \\ HKC'li^19, \\xa\0q L7, Kxrm 18, W8BU 18,
nnd WjU'IYJ hoth eelehmted iU year* jn fiHtn rmlm A N hH P W A N F (H > 14, VV AH LAMU, W&PXP 14,
nrentiv. Xw otfiwn: (Vntral Mirh. AKC—W«C?KK. iV FM B ZK 1 3 v K80X\ 13, \V\*KPN 13, KXLKI 13.
ivhiff.: W W , vu'e-pre* ; WKKGL W U H l
J N Z 11. W A W K
K*HG3i, \\ KN A I,to, WAXNXH Hi VVBbC.'blll V,H U t KisJ^HJ 10. WAJUMHU WU
tmiKr Twill-Hnn Jtf!—VYAKDLO, piw. i W'^VX, viw- KSKUU V
WvKltTi
pres.: K^IIjK. pcv,: WAKIAA. fM-RN. Genpwp Omnty ir WRtfHPB 7, WHAttW tf, KJdCKY ft, KWZI fl, W-XUVtiR ^ \ V A8J t
5 W K^l-R
K C— W A3 WGK, i M i WA8XPV. WMKK. WA*W V \\\ W8MGC
KKBPIJ, WBSliOT. shu>\: K4KMQ, trpp*. uajikiu 4 W J J^J W
hsrrr b, w«rv
4i WtfRZX 4. W AILW
w«weg u, waaeb
OB 4. KKYftP 4,
The Wolverine WH-F- Srt meet* »» tl p.m. EsT every P
Sim, T!»» frequency 60.116 and thr m-t hn»rtstntp* WKKI.K a, IV1KMU a. WWO a, WHUPlJW
WALZK KKBPX 2, WSCHT-M iMECUI
2, WAMXXC
r'hin'kfriA in im WHPSV had loth of w*lcoiue liHp 2. WXcKWU I. IVWJYK 1,
letting his now mind, WHHH mndp * tour of Europe
miH vwited 41*1 ITU, The Catalpa ARS is kinking tor
»n Addrewi-O-Graph, K8TMK ha* iit-w WAS end HUDSON DIVISION
VVAC uwurd*, Traffic: VVAKWZF 747, WtfJTQ 019,
KKIJNB r>aal. KtfKXTtJ 248. W8IXJ 19U WANOH 157, EASTERN NEW YORK—Oralmrn CJ, Bpo?,
WMIHK 134, KNMXC 117. \V«CM Lie, W«MO till. KisiN-AMit. HCW' atid HM: Ruth K, Htff, WASVYS.
WtiHKft flA, WRtfDTT W, WKIZ WAKrfQO
WKHT.V fll>. WAALXT WAiHW,Aft, WAHA1UM 47, WB2YQU. Action PAAls
SKCs WS&UC.
mt*:
VVHaVJB, V.ll.F. PAMs
NYS, ninhtty mm 3fi73 »t
WMW 44, WAXPIM 14, W8ACW 31. WH8AKR ; KSs 3A 90 uiichtly »t 23U0Z; NYHPI^EN,
WAttONft jy, VVXM1M) SH, KKKTU 2Z, WSWVL 15, niKlitly I I
t 1 s
E utf at riffr/ nttrtWlA:
WA8QGI W&fx \v«Ar;y ivak&TM A, watw KM VP mppumtwl OBd: K3FINW ivm-wed jw <IPH;
WAXFHI fiptxirritpd OK*, Oh The
Hudson Vi>wut\ Ua* itrnipd up dntea for tli« Bienitut!
OHIO—POM, Richard A. Kghrrt. WKKTU-HKT: HARC runtvntion to he hrfd in Tanytoivn <>rt. 17-18.
WHDI'U. KM: W81ML PAM: Ktfl'RK. WH.K, PAM: IvTtl.ttostrhesterAHA heHni WftllP on "Getting Mo^t
WABADW, t rpjmrt tvith Mirm* the pHNtinft ut .^it. imhi Muipi^'it" unil \V2AH r»n "Urtting H'hiru the
«f.'M Korpt V, Barrett, KHDGG. Fw nil <<* hi* rtiort PiIp-h^s" nt it? NTov. rnpi'tiiift. Election mul&t in New
tn>. Roger gnve iiTiHtintmplv of himself to amateur r*- Kodrelip nwitivi m KieiJN, pw, 5 WAITED, vire-
ihn and tn radio ntnutfUni. Nov. report*: : WJYT/E, st^y.; WBjVqB, t m ; K2KBX,
trusts r ivr K2YC.1: KSJCjH, WA3VEO. WAJVKV,
r^Vi f/fV Frnfn Mgr. W2DP\ mid WA2ZVG. dire (torn, Schenectady AAA
OS8BN" 2U30 65 3&T2.5 K sU U K hptiid W2TV on "Antenna iuai| KhptMiti^ Mpr«hfoment*"
KN H70 m 5U ( JUUAIKKJUZ VlS
M ' lMT N'iv, -Hio SARA wort* WWVtK, K1AAD,
5A3 U4 M flKXlK IVAsADU W2KVF, WA2DTK, WB2PBP, WX2KLY «ud WA3-
50.16 JUK 2 «« n<-« mem hem. Ttie Holy I'm** Km I in
(m 101 92 20 3080 232fiZ \SMVHV SfM*iptv running rpirular Minlulpn with KLfiA Tun,
Apricot 241) m 30 S1.Q tnXMlZ KftONA *nd Kn, on 21.390 at 1530. /ncfu^diKrf Wrt^wrt a^iW^iei:
UA2BAH iiovi HAiU^ din^tor. WXTPV ihiw b« 'I lit
HPL for Nwr. vmn R«m«i hv W8UPH. WASKTX and AKK on f^Rpe WN2PDG htmH in the
WA/inWL. llKMtrK ^-titiritra wftiv aw«nl«rt to WAS, Ailvanced Clam. WA2GQW U 2 call are& M-r-
VVHHRKP, WMHST, WTWf^KI, WHft'qn, WRHC'XY. uir trvonlinator fnr KCAKtf, WB2AJIT report* mctpor
KKPL1W. WHKKP. W.V8i;(TN. WA8WPQ, WA8C?OAr MH ' tUn* 2-mptfT n-mtaot with K4t(.X\ Tlie Mehenprt^dy
K8A( D. W.V8VWM. WAJOKK. W.VHVWH, WA»YWZ, r.V \HEC or^atiixatioii, under KC W2URP, ha«
WMZVV Hml WA8KHR. FtX w-rhlt«>RtM wrnt tn WA2CHW Vnr tt, K21tlJt> t»r tj, WBSIOP hir 2-metera
WiUl), W8U5B, WB8ALU. WR8CKI, WA88XC. (nil tat. Wis I. niu! W2KW ImndlinG PB- ESS
WAKBZR Hti.l WAOTYP. UVIrome t^ the m»wlv- induile K4GXY,2 mid WA2VL3, WA2QEG
•iffUiatcd Newnrk ARC, I* your dub ALtHL afhliA^T un* "drnftpfl" Ttito thp cvimmunieiLtionh xptup for thp
iJmp tiv <1 i^irrl tor rlotmiH on thp hpnnrtt^ t^f Lengitt1 ft7th Anmrnl \sittqiH> C«r Show und Speed WeeV ax
iithlintion. K-W Horii'tvV dpw nlhrptu »rp WARE, pn^.j ^•rinond lienrh, Kl»#I ovt-r Th«nks«iviiig. yrhenp^tady-
W8BU. ncv-prcii.: U8KKX» ^ecv. Purms RC's fiffiw* Mhnny H'pii mcffflpnttf nntp KtV1 nuvr nre held m
oi^ W8DPL, piw.t W8RPP. vi«f prm-: IVAKttOK* AUiftnv. VJI UKY mrm^fnc Remember the nrw (jUttli-
^ : KH/TO, t m R7W ARCV hpw .tflu-ti* »iv rvinp hiIpm Pi 1 him Hpn'?f?p Awtird (PSUR.). The rtr*
WWit^ii), : WX8KOX. WNUC'BX, trnm. rnnrlidHf^ WA2KRT w>th 77 pnmK W WFBl haff
Thp fntpr-f'ity RO hold hti Old Timm1 Nvffht with iw-en huny—fiM plarp for X.Y. m Imth thr UIitioih ftfld
WXfJX ah rlip iRHtmxl *peRkvr. I vi^itPd Hip \V>nfpark Md.-J>.<\ Purtji-H. Welenmp frum KNY to
Radiopn iu Nov, uncirijsciiiwdARTOC mtd thft Pw>M KVOUI hn flw tiHvr NYC T,r HTil, More PHHlt mnrU-
Urffamuition with this fnv u'oup. Thr> Kiffl'th dnt^: WA2VYS und WA2VYT. Tmflic: rXov-i
AKPyc? amfemm in Himtmirton, W. at- W2KAP 1B0, WAXKBf itt, WA2VYT « r WA2VYR 72,
tpodpd hv K8DGO on my hphalf. The AHPX? mviix of WA2CBJW ai, WB2V-1B 41, K28JN 20, WAS VLB
jitriRriirtion lirrued Up Ky WAOUU. Thprr Vftl'HV lft. W2AXV K2YCJ WB1FUV 14,
will *rr Mtiif nfMHK withmit nnmnixMil ARBC Hrtivitv, We Kli;VK 10, WOTU'UX WA2CRW 7, KU1XW 2.
nectl to fill tliwtr vaiuincrHSi if w ure to hnvp ^iiriplrte itw.i K2HNW »,
i-i^vprapti' of thp Hpctioii. How idmut NIIUP vnliintpprn?
WAKb'QW rppurtn nn n rfrlntlM unrl tvpH-orfn- NEW YORK CITY AND LONG ISLAND—KM,
nj*pd <ln1I fvmdiiptnl in fhe Akron ami. C.*n«ratti- Blfliiv- H. ,fnhn*nnr WIH R^ \«st4 SCM: Fred J,
latirmM to IIPW Advent CIrw WftftRKM. WV n- BrtmiifH. K&MGI. HK.^ K2UVN, PAM: W2KW.
ivivkI tifrht r^poi-t^ fnr thp hpv PnSlic A-rvin^ Hot>ot
Boll 1ihfm^t It ^ *rtc*restrH thnt nil makins nn NI.I*
f*SHR rW'iL Jan. Iu70 (/XT for detaih <m rpqmrpine»t«. Nijivirp* i Jfi.ti Me. lilHU Nixhtly M T W TP
K2HAT
WMHUV PAM
m
Mont of thp !^wiH>pvtJitpii ntdioifraniH vrorp in ^wl 1MW) iMiIy WA2UWA PAM
f*h«pe nnd whnnld mpnt the 1000 point l»itus. W-XHTWK NiilPhoiie*
AVXl k*.
(|
' p& r H «P mti kn. 1100 Ihil^ WA20FT Mgr.
tvwi *tr!ck»^u with » Mtomach si-hp during thp 8fi. Mit \ftr P urad 2926 kc. \m fit. ?
M JC1, Kil'Wl Mgr,
(imtimrptf opprntinfr. Several hottrs Iptpr ln» ni*hed Kwttrs Ire, UAU l Nightly KiMim; Mffr,
to tfie hospital for an emergenty appendoctomv. AIUtt SMA Itr. inrxi ^UDj Mgr.
IVAKZXn win thft Ohio hii-tion xwnrd in hoth the \V«- NY^KTKN HWifi kc. inmi tUily K2SIH) M*r.
.rpr<py Miniu**ita (jKf) P«*rtif«< \VX(3RG rpportA
mohilp opi*p«tjnn uti h trip tn Ijh Anffplpa * Sft'ftotf .Wf*, t^ timtiflljprr<jir
ami nark. Traffic: W8UPH WA8BTX TO, List on, in ivrupoinp up thp AfFnim nf th«» T^tion v*
WAMIPl W\Kll\Vfi 221. WAMlNW KHfiNT\ hml that thin niKN Wins rtiuK nut to Jiin. 7, WO.
wxnrr w , wwjcu t*7. wrhrTiH 174. wjsur Sinrp it 1* ttnly 1W, Mth, nt thi* vritinE, he owi one
18.1. WB^IWV 184. WBMAKW 14a WHQZK 14ft. ^tHtion Achvity Rpport himI this m it. WA2YLK
WR8ALI1 ir, WA8KKT) m WAfiBTW WAW8TV plu^xinir hwhv #11 fl^ntal nrhocil and getting to
lift. WAHfiXV W. WSKrVX 1(13. KKI'BK 101. \V \RT\T lifcp Jt HKitP Huri moip. W2PP elected treas. ot th«
W, WHPAI.f WASWAK 32( WA8YLW 78, WA8DUL Radio Cluh oi »t its dOt.h Anniversary Meet*
tuir- W l t t t t P J ha* t r a n s i e m d tu Stony B t w U and is WA2KZF Itt. K 2 M K X S. W B2BCS W A U G O T 7r
hu>v looking up the •>HC\ The W H 2 P J H activity I»u<I«- VV2JDH 4. M M . 1 U H 2 H X & 7rt WASG1K
fiHik « noaulive recently in+nume '*t family rllne^^ bur to, \V A 2 T A h 14. uSt-pL. W A l K r X 6, W W b a i V V 2r
nmv irporlprt tu \w tin i lie w i y l»a<:k up, VVSNXB,
K&Ktprn I^cuiyc Irtand IdOAI OBH, repurta that the Umd
i* pleadu ut 1 y ner i ve 11 h r m * t h •» w j i j r r r .v , \ r w iVIIDWESrr DIVISION
irfFirers of Hie Mamtpccjim K C an* W B 2 N L M . pre*.;
I V K 2 I V K , v i r r - P K * : W A 2 H U F . .-jrey,; W A 2 U I K ; ivi-, K I W A H ^ C M , W a y n e ti. Jnfmanti, K ? > M H X - S b J ^ :
a w . ; W A 2 K A X , tr*'a«. W S l ' A L k hi^ rig into the KC'LVIi. PA-M: WilP/O. KM r VV0LGG, ciHHas
K t f l aeelion Thmik»t?ivtnff to flaunt it 0 littlp. but W O l / r X , W 0 J A Q , W O L K , W A y U l I ' l . New tieketa:
found they have u ftlurpliy V Law W 2 H A b ! Uh» tip Atrvanw'.l—Wf'J l G r KOiOAK WAp.ltG. VVA0OTQ,
jmjiJ »»ivh»1 Uvivk tn Xiirthpujt. T h e fp\vn»h nativity WAOP1IB, ttApraT," WA0RGQ, WA0UAI1, VVAtf-
wM-r at K V H T X has t o do with u heaui which niuht W A 0 W W W , Grneral—WAmVSI, W A 0 Y Z V . Re-
up hr-fnre rhp id** ni Marrh. < >n the ntlirr linnd, thr eaii^n o l uctivrt.y wore iv<r«!ived truni
Mii:k dnoryard '>w<r "f VVKSThK j* iul! ui bent a » - \VOi:C'K. \V 0 K H , W i l U H X . K W G X U , K O A Z J . K 0 Y V 1 I ,
tt*imaa, lnr it works like the dhJceutf, b i d yon know W A W V H M , W A O V j n . K O V K X , W A l d L K W mid
rJiut KXPlfei it rijiminir J f T T Y rm-r mi 2M" H2IHUV YJVV. C 1 .^ Cullege lifln a new A K H L affiliate! club with
didn't figure it wa> t w w w t r y tfrfe Hie uld ke- WVOTOX wurduwror. W A 0 K K N n?poits hill
y««r hII the way home im the Thanksgiving holidays he avniJahlp U>I- thi« \ H K C in t o e t.'Jintuii law piitun*-
and jimvl tnprp'* a tadre stunnr-d p«r pun* in the niriit rv'ntrr, K O AXJ 40-nietrr iTPfitu-iiry pre-
neighli(ii1i(Hiil snip uuml»rm' what the Wadjrig ttiver ri?.rly in the N o v , K M T ami avpragp J p.p.in t overall.
Straight K»<y said! T h e Halt Hollow Hills High M i n n ! Have c-'iiiifi^eiirjv h«h ffi<TNtaTniinK .^ii*^. "VVPD1T :dw>
A R C c.Hilrl umi- donation* ul any *iflri part* w equip- ptii't jrifutt iii the K M T with 'ill cm-? Urn t M'ltiv,
ment tu get Ktartrd, It >1111 csm help, please vuntact K c H 1 if j r» uitvr .'puninj; a Cwllms S-Liue. K ^ J C i i .
W A t f l U O , W X 2 J W K or W B 2 U I Y . A l t e r 40 y a m in to A t t S N i t and VVA0JOK liuve stnrtpd a N n v i w rlaaa
the garuat1 hiHinHMK. K2Y£JiL haw iu>w gnnp into radio in Drtiimwfl. W O t ' Z O n n w t a tlw 3WilOrl CInh a bi«
tvpu/r. K J i U i in in the senpUme hutfinow flying -ur e ^ and ffro^ui*? ffaily, It un-phi Snnr I500Z. H e l p !
Mnigpra hntwixt N a n d Park aiai Wall rtrrrt, VV H21JLP YiHir* truly lia* lunrtprl opt«ratin? time them ilaVn mi
in jpunji to c o l l e t d<i*wi Miami wn.v. \ little while inn^r <fi<fw*ri'1 nn pi.irr^poudeur-p lor ta(n~H. Hnw atmut
Imi'k the gmtd ° h j home rig at K2I/BG wuiit nvir»l 1U11I cr, rhjlvR1* T i m e sprnt umiptainmR i » « thp air ahont
Hip Ahkp Kurvd Xet with K2UHQ>'mnhilp (tiPeiifivi* Lavixmig t* hint- Ifihf that be t w d t o
XCYS. N ' L I k ftrst K M , 'lal it a^taiit and .-tudy iVir an Ailvimfli 1 '! ticket—and—a little nulp
m-wpd 1)1* A K K L niHiTil»erKhip i m the 4 M consecutive practice niij^ht ^ven l>rm|j an Extra Clani, l^iat rlmnhl
yiim\ Venrrahle K 2 A A K MuJutved oft' t o amiiinl Lax Kpt miiiih rM^pu?iHP, H i t
Vei^ua ,munt at the hejtttiniitK of N o v . Conffratulations
AUi Ffrti. Ifay UAtV QNf QTC i f or-
lu V V A H i A I h on paMKinfE the Advance*! Clans t-\aJu,
VVHI, that aN>ut .-shouts it h j }>pnt t«i luck tn nnp and fnwa 75 3970 I83U im
all and hope \te ^011 iluwu the }imi\, T n i f R r : f N o v . j TIiC'N Dmlv wm 1MX MW
I V A 2 H M O m t VV2<;kZ 121, K 2 A A 8 67. WBI&DKW U4, lowaltiU Daily UICNI 77fi 12 K0TDO
WAXVKK 211. W 2 K C 12r W A 2 K K F UK W 2 P K 1HP
W 2 U B Q 4. (Oct. 1 W A i r t l A I O 241, K 2 U B « 213, AV2BC TtbiIk 1 : 1 N o v . J \VtH,<<X 1857, W 0 I P X 822. W O K R 143,
VV2DBQ K 2 A A 8 15, W A 2 G L R 12, \V2PK 12, W A p A J L R 139, W A ^ V Z H 70, K < 9 J G I (fc. K 0 A Z J
%VAn)N(i3, WASBRFS. W A P V J D 44, W A M I T U 3tt. \VA|4C>VJ 25,
W A 0 P O K B4. W A 0 T & J W A p C j X L 8, W A 0 V R G 7.
WA0V Vit WA0VDP 4» W0TMOQ 2. (Oct.)
N O R T H E R N N E W J E R S E Y — U m i A J, A m o - U AMA1W U.
W2ZZ-8KC; K2KDli. K M : WB2HKK. P A M s :
\V2i B KV» K S K ) ) Q , W A 2 K Z F attd W A 2 T B S , KANSAS—S(';M, Hnherf M . ,Siimmem. K O R X F —
^ K C : K O K M H , P A M : K 0 J M F . K M : K 0 W R 1 , V.H.F,
A H P H ( ? Knetinn Not P A M : W . V 0 C C W , T ) i e ivpurt tnr Au K . nrtivitips went
AX A W /Alfrff W yjv/ Ttr. Mffr, untrav wmt-ivlu-rp hetwu-n K f l t m ^ Cttv end the desk *it
NJTTYN kft. 7:30 P.U* MVYF II 11 WA2TAF nur t-ditiv. Kxtrai'ted imwi the Aug. t v ^ u t * p
XJN 3AR5 kdt 7:31) f Dy u a \\A2HtV tind renewed station apjajjitmenta fnr K i ^ K M B aa
KJN 36PA kc. IU:U!) p^p Dy Ml 21V WaSKV.V f4Kt?! W A d r r W . W W W . K O M U I WOINH
NJHN 374D kc. K:uu p.M. l>7 11 32 0 \T1I2FEH ^ O l ^ : K p K M B »nd K 0 G Z P as OBHfi and K 0 B X F
NJlfiPTM Itc. H:0(i p v i l M ^ t . 30 598 202 W2PEV HH ( i f ) . VliK, net rt'pnrtfl inWnded K»HhN, f J N l 742,
NJK)N kr. ftson p.*. 5 tii WA2THH Q T C P7 in 30 ^ R i o j ^ ; K P N \ ONT Q T C U in 17
NJAiN ftl.425 kr, 8:>J0 PJT, M-F 1M 221 4H WASKZP vvimi!.; KPtJN. ^ X f Q T C 118 in 31 rMmqnna;
PVKTM ) 45,710 kc. 7;30 p.M. Oy 31) 104 K2KJ)P QKa. 388. QTC.1 171 m 62 M i y u n a . T I i p Kh. P I N e t
BCTN i ^ 7 0 0 kc» V:U(l P.v. l>>- HII J 73 M WA2TB8 repuiTH rtrrp taiiifht np hy W A ^ P C W ^ii^w 11141 h
ot 31 U*r Auk., A7 tcir 'Aiay t H tor Juiyi «nd 27 f o r
N f W Hp(MtdnipntH: W K 2 K K H as O V 3 . Endorsement*: <t«ily. N o v , fimU K t t G Z P t h i n k i n g of ^rtUhem
VVK2TI L an O R w ; W 2 P l i V a*. P A & l i VVA2KZF h^ for the u m t p r . H A p W V ' N , tvp<utinp r'mm M a t i -
O V ^ . P A M aitd >X! lor staiuiupe ami \-iHnity. Aptatn iiatian, m y * that \ V A 0 D T ; i is the pr«H. i d the K 8 U
u e a*k ymi h> nolp thp new teletx'pe net. P a w the urord A i U * fli'H year. M ^ Q C j i J , the rullpgp N a t i o n , h a c t i -
n t i n i d to the ^reon kevrra. N e w r>thwrs n\ thp Kniffht. vated uitajii. ^liouiiig u p uirh h full 24 hoiirn <..t o p p r -
Haiders V . H . F . C l u b arpj KEh^DQ, | n w . : WB2VLC. iitiiiti in the tiM'put S S . W ( W O K , at Wichita, i* nnder-
\K'e-pri'K,; W A 2 C R F , se'.-y. W i \ 2 J I \ l note IM npL-juhna h TiPtv lace-iitring job. V.h.t, a^trviry appears t o
on M). WA2HDct s W A 2 K V U ami VVB2KPD joined N a v y hp 011 the naive. Actvrity hv the ineniU>ca ot the T r i - .
M A l t H , W R * W I I J f>Ht up a Jiew ^uad, W 2 J D H is StHtp A f t C OimjIH eiM- u« HtitiifHiinff iit-vr tn talk ahout
KtuvinK t o Ocean County. H e m i l I * h hie hit in the nrr^nfonallv. K 0 A Y O atul are fcportinj jipw
NJ. party trftnj f h a t apnt. W A 2 E 1 X han a new H)rvt»n -flenipiif 2-mctpr hpflms iu the Kan ah a City nrpn.
tiiuneliftv* T V for his U T T V sptup. W B 2 N Y K iv|«n-tJ« Q K S , the Kansas c.w. net, i * k ^ j p e ferrpn+ auna under
l ) X ( V totaU of 1A7' 143 and wailmir km- i ^ U . Thi» the leadership u i K O M H l » -Aim r r p i . r ^ QM, m
C*«rfpiTt j r a R C aK»in i * ' m fiperHt.mri. W A M H V is Q T C . do hirMoiiM. 'lYattie: i N o t . i W O n i H27. W 0 T N H
huildmir an rtu- W H 2 K K U made W A t i in thp 271. K f l M K I 132, W A O L U 1 121. W A 4 H ? T T 121,
i eat HH (V>ntP5t4 W A S G O C haH a ra-w NB-3W1, sH-4nO K O P S D 75. W 0 G C J WAJ1WVN m f t j T j Q 28
jcfiptttwi. W 2 J D H , \ V A 2 C r K uJkI W K 2 N Y K Hihrnittnl W d C I U 2h, h O H X F 23, W A V H ' A V H l«, WfriMcJX 17!
ret^irts tor the K M T , \V2N r OX ]* recuperatm? KOI.PK 15. W « K D J 10, K 0 Y T A Wf KJ^VVH fc
ffritii a i-H<f*rit rflnpss, \V2A2ti im mi 2-inptprs ami is V\ A W C l / P 7. W 0 I C V 5. C A i i k J W A 0 T T T Q 444 WftHX
plauntnn a 1206 rig> W2J2C puttrnff up a new Mi-ft. 3 W . W t f i C G Z 118, M U M K 113. W 0 L N K l i t , K0MKI
tunvr. WK2MK10 adder) k th.*w Inva'Ier to the nhtti-k. 107, U 0 L X A 8K. K 0 B X F 5tif K 0 P N I ) 4K, W 0 G C J 4»,
VVB'2DHJ ^pnrtH a D X C C U>tal of l*t rrinfiniied. W A f ^ f i T i f i 40. W O G P I f W W U T JX t
W A B C f K o r d e m l a T l t - 4 tor tint rnnhile, H i r W.fci. W U W W H 25, W A W K T T M , K 0 L P K K 0 G T T 16,
Club nuw iia& 21 Tnemhera with call-letter licerwp platen, KOKVK 13, \ V A ( W K V « W A 0 J C I O \ K O U V H 8,
N'pw nfhron? uf the B A H K are IVHttUJ, pres.t 7 t W A 0 S : H < ; a, V V ^ F D J a. W O L Y C 2.
WmcSTTM. vire-piu^.; WASHZCi. t i ^ . : WS2KS\\\
wry* Wp wish t o tfiHnk *-verynne f o r the NH fVTISSOI7RI_.SOM. Kohntt J. P^ivler. W0BV—HEO:
XXJ at! over the bandK Good hir.k in the A B R L WrtBt'Tj. Appoint me nr^ r e n e w a l ; K0h\\'K OPS. Xet
l i X IV-st. Traffic: i N h v . i VVAXHAN 426. K 2 K D Q sports j
W K 2 F E H 242, W A 2 V K X 239. K 2 D E L 173, W A 2 T H M B2,
W A 2 T A F 77. W 2 F K V AS, W H r i l.iL 4ft. W/ QMJ QTr Mgr.
VVA2Hf 3 K 2 0 Q J 37. WH2WX3S 35, W A 2 D R U
WA21.)QV 2d. WA2GVJ W. 1VA2Htg 2e, \V2*S5 MKX MflftU-W-P 12 i;
WffRltJ,
W A 2 X J H 20, W X 2 F V H Id. W A 2 L 1 > X 17, \ T B 2 W I D 17, M VM 7043 M ^ t . t»nitf WflOHD
K2DQT 15, W A 2 K U X 15, W 2 C U 12, W 2 K W S 10, MOM AAM Daily 0100Z 24 145 59 K0ABM
Mab^ 3063M-Sat, L ^ ^ 26 1083 121 tV0ttTO

February 1970 97
MH 3586 Son. VMKJUD tor uf the AW Cntholir. ARC \r*w*ftiter* WA1KMR
MuttlN sm 231*155 2fl 423 95 WAWAA wiit the EC Bulletin u> nil AREC iwuibrnt iu Inn hiv*.
MAN H6H5 Daily 03-UK 3U 1&M21 WA0KVR [ Linjoyeti at^nilin^ the Caiuikwuod AHA Annual J»m-
PHU 5U.44 Tuer UrMT) 0130Z 4 90 7 WArfKUH twr JVZe^tinic, Thin ik h \ny aetiw Hub deiheatcil
MoOD/VAV. 36314 Alt tfuu, I4uu£ 3 15 * KtfKPH Jtnrl VHpablp umaliHira with m\ unUtandiof dub pro-
ircuiti, My Mmnkij to th«> umiiy win* Mihmittcii Hwrcp-
ftione Hf* nu'tfiuiaos wre rwivinl from K2KI U;0f rr^Kjjta. KlWXF vuui<l like more rhfi<k-ina r»n
VVAOBJR, H0l>K(J, JvtffclTY. hV*KT mnl WAVIVJN; the 2-Meter Nitt -ideal for Ccmrvrtiout trartic ddivury.
l\V\\ SH ]ii**sage$ w m w l from K2KIU/0, WAlCiFH M WltP mi W1QV nXiti« 160.
WAlJRJIt. KpDKQ, WAtfKMH, W0VU . WAtfYJN. W1HDI is umMdiiing an i-m. j<k. C'ntijtrRtulatiorw to:
WN0WRW and WN0YBW. K0JPJ mpui'ts hi* living WAIUOI., WA1KAIR and KiHXF f.n niukiTME tlx* ftrtt
11hnti u*ihn( Ml in vUiiIp he wan A'urkmu OX. \\0K11). H^HR liHtms; WMMbUi uud WN1UU, Novu.-e
at ill in smrking hp 10 meters. WA0J2LM ami < Mwh |jrpn>«cn; Murpliy Maravieni <m FO flijrh
WA0UQR fire hoth fit the Umvmity rd Missouri ut WAlBIfP, Mw new Navy MARS C'ormlinator for Cnn-
find*. New officers of the flMK Radm Club <W0KUK> riHi-tirut! Th«» ''Fwloni Fct-mu-Hwn" «re tu
ore VVA0NOK, ; WAtf PtJR^ \ jiv-pr**.\ Mil with Kxtra Claw tickets jwits Tniffir.:
UA0H<jR. WA0TKM. tiro*. Offirer* i.f the WlHbW 247, WAIHiJL fcff. WJEJI 1M. WA1HHN J22,
w a i k m k m, vviyrr sa( w i a w 74, w i k u u en,
WAIUW M, WAWZC M, VCIHXK 47, VVA3JHU/1 3*.
VVIXRP 28, WA1GFH SW( K1YOH 20, WAUGA Lttr
LirnPi » !MU(inill44BI4U«i« »»»• »I • Ml \V1C)BK 11, W1BNB 10. WAIQWS 10, WlCTI ».
who paumd («*ni»rti1, Advanced and Extra triasa m t«iu* VV1YBII 8, WttjV 5, WtCUll 4, WUIHli 4, W1BDI 3.
.sewm? tu VVA0GVO and K0LKK uii Extra Claw: to VYA1LLB S,
WA0WBJ, ftho ha* Advanced Clam at 14; uud lo
W0HT1, who htm three months' perfect rheck-in mi EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS—^M, Frank U
MoPi)Nr Traffic: K0AEM 3H9, WA0HTN 130, W0BV H^kir. *lr., W1ALP—SEC W1AUU m*irta
105, WA0RYR 74, VVA0VRI 71, K0RPH WA0TAA rroin Wis IK. WJM. KIh PNB, UJSO and WAIOXl.
52, W0KUL 37, WA0VJN 30, W0RTO 17, WA0KOH SMnnt W1HVV, IY1AUU luul W1UOB, the
10, Wptfl L 11, W0GBJ 6, WPJKF I. hruthpr of \Y1PCR. \VUKUt Barnyard Net mftr., re-
port* 524 Q\l«i 25 traffic. KMX lor Oct. had 40
NEBRASKA—M, V. A. CaHbon, K0OAI,-Since siting 241 trathe. W AIM EL i* the rHll nf the nvwlv-
rfvMUitinnmff the Nehraaka C,W. :\ ft (SKB J;, Ne- uhUmtrrl BrtKikfme HHRC. G30KK/1 w Umldmz »
T
braska. operators sue paitinipatmR 'in tjie Khumip C.W. tleath 301, W1EC «ave a talk un "Undcra'ater Recra-
Net iQKfl). K0MK1, KM QK». w^-i-ted m Ns- +ion «,f Hwito the Hocith Hhorr> (.'Uib. VV1NF
hra*ka atations tntaUal S3 qNL fur Nov. The S.U. ARKC
NVt meet* Kiin, ut 1530 Z <m 39M fcr. WOIA'Q ha* the umdi- a 20-trader ftnupidick UF to xuot
I'viinty-hunting hug unit i* active in the 90M Indepen- The Ni-w Kimland Chapter <d the OCWA had a mrrt-
dent County Hunters Net, W0VMII »nd W0JDJ hit tdk qt I^H Wakelietd Mote) and the <K>TC m<>t ut the
impmvmu (runt their illtwM, K0KKJ retired from Firehcmw. in Snndwirli. VV9JKI' if WlAKN'a KC
IV»stol Hervra*. Best nifties tor annther y+nx K11>Z(I my* the AuiirtviKc AIU^ hern orffanised.
tu the new Lincoln ARC ofticpi*, WA0KGD, prps,; The Tfl RC uif-t at WlTYP'i. WILE la M.urilina-
WA0YHE. WA0OCW, swy.-tn-M, When tor for training in the Ma». Navy MARti niva.
appryinn for fhp f^ifilift Wen.-ic* Honor Roll {PSHRK W1QFi> iwiint to Qnincy. WAILWT irport* ninnhoTR
plpfikw br Min» to wt^nrw ^-(Mir poiiith. Nov. 106ft art the TnwHfchmy Alem<irial 11BARC. which i* ntn hv
732: mriivuluul Ktatioiis 2355 QTr. Nnvk VM Nrt IVMKWA,on*WlBl'F
KtVKP, WAls KVJ, KVK( LHfi, J AVI riflU
Lh otir fin>t Konor Roll station
Q1T! 370; individual frtatiotts llfli QTC. Nov, net rr- with 3fl pnmta. WA1FIIU a busy man in all the
(Jorta: ''intpsts. Wis W W Ht\<l UAL worked all 7ft wtinna in
Nti GMT /Mvj the CAW HS, K1CLM in active m the IntmHer Watch.
QNl QW .tfpr. WAIFNM haK n U^um tor ifl. Iff and 20. WtKMW, the
KAMI 3D82 0030 Diuly 1260 HH VA9L0Y i)t-w Rndio Officer tor Su-tor IK, haa a TR4 nti 20, in
NHN 11 DUO Daily m WA0LOY r*ii 2 and d for the frnd ta in YI^ ftvatait on 20«
Nrhr, m IW5 0130 Daily m $ WABK'BJ The Meter Cnmsband Net hml 13 nmtona 3H !
MK K 11 3011) 04U0 Dailv 5
?« WAftHWR *r«ffir. WAHFW ta a new OM/OVB: W1ABO n new
NMN 39R2 1330 fJtily oes WA0JUT nim, Appointments eitilontPih WAIDPX aa OVHt
\YNH 3290 1400 M-SaU sta 37 WaNIK K1PRU aa UttH. Wla AYG, BOW uud WA1FUU took
AftE<' mt 1430 Kun. <t W0[RZ jwirt in the Nuv. 1^'MT, The KM2MN hail 30 nnwewn*,
i/HN 1830 Daily 960 71 WA0GH2 142 <^Nia, 176 traffic. Thp fallowing ivmived their 50-
Tmffic: K0HW1C 500, WA0DOU 188, W0LOH m , vwir awa^ln litmi the QCWAs Wla KB, i?l>, <:f. RP
VV08K\ 40v K0OVV 40. WAI9TBJ
r VVA0HWR 32, iind HPH. WlOTN ta h-elinff Iwtter after a heart at-
WA0G112 WA0IBH 25. K0JKN 2Z. \V0OKQ 21, tack. He iK»,f) a <'ft all hanrU. W1KUT repotU that
WA0KOV \VA0i»D 20. K0JTW 2D, K0DGW IK, the NREFN, ulaich mi<etn 8un. at 0830 on 394* k?., ha<l
W0HTA id, VV02SOU 15. WA0ROK 14, VV0AGK 12. A ar^nifiH, 105 QN1«, fi <raffia WlAWA is bark in Hara~
VVA0JM* 12, WA0TMO il, WA0UPK 1U WA0LOY a, Mita, Ma., fur »ur ^inti-r. W4KJW U e^WAlEjVO,
WON IK W1MPP uud tVIPtf Htv en th/»tr way tn Florida.
W0RJ A VV0FCJB S. WA0PGC WA1IJL haa his Onnrnl. The Walthaxn RC had 2 films
VVA0UKX WA0TTM 7. VVtf^nV 7. VTAWKM «m tnnmtnm uud haa a <'ode ela^ W1WJR is un 6
K0HNT ft. WA0JUF WA0F.1N -K0K1UI HT*l*Yf W All IPX v.orked 4-atid fl-l^ond 0 a.a-b.
WA0JAV 4. K0<»AL i, WA0i|LE 4. WA0RPH W1MX worked W4JSM1 on 2. The Mamaaoit .UtA held
K0UDVV 4, W0VZJ 4t W0R*'Nf 3, U0HOP it* Kth f^nqnet, WiCUY ia hark cm 2. W1IJH works
WA0snp Zt W0SVVQ 3, W0VEA 3. WA0BU fiia friend Ruy in Caj* So, Afriea, Hnn. nn 10.
K0BYK 2, tt'A0OKC 2, W0YKR 2> WA0LBL
IYA0JKN I, W0URC1, W1ZXU is nn 2 with a dual beaoi Krt.] a Gonact. K1FF
Ik hnmc axt^r an tjjieratinn. W1KYT wna in the boxpi*
tat. The Mi<1dl«tL-& ARC iuid a icood anrtlon4 The
NEW ENGLAND DIVISION t'apewav RC mrt at WIZHT'a, VMl-OT! haa hi* m-w
ria mi the an. The FrainiDghatti hud a tine presen-
CONNECTICUT—HOM, John J. M cjMowor, tation uf Heath tHjiupnifiit by K1RAW. WlLti ifporta
W1GVT—8EC: W1HK1L KM: W A1B8NV PAM: a ifrilt held on & wWh thean Wis LE. UID,
K1Y08. V.1LF. PAM: KISXF. Activity report for \nrt WAln l)NMt lF\ t CRM. Kla VJP, MTK. Tins
Nov.! W1AEC Club haa a tirarfry httle paper. Zen* Heat.
WhjfMiuii ARC has a fine jwitar, Vhr. Sprrlrum,
Yd JOaV* QUI KH/CT ^(ttor. U'AIHXI haa hm General. WAIUDN
^oi niarrird. The KlHKCa have a s»n. VV1HKJ ti
ON 3640 Daily tR4A an 282 57b ruir Nccnnd Honor Boll atatmn with 39 points* Wl'DYW
(5PN 3905 M4 )800 Bnn. 1000 4A1 154 ta on Tuauy tand*. Traffir: WKUM 412( WAIEYY 411,
VBP2 I40.RX M-S 2200 20 7A K W1PKX 347, WAIF AD Ml. WJEMG 142, WAUVT*140,
VHK6 SOLB M-8 21U0 20 144 25 W1HK.T 101, K7JREM 82. WtCTR 7«, W1MX 72,
Miffh i^M: C'N-WAIHBN. WA1HOT. hik! WAUZC. WA11FE 60, K1ESG 0 , W1AHO Jt, W1BUF M.
rPN'-KlYCM 2)1. WIOVT anrl KmXF WIDC^J 22. WA1FHU 39. KtPRB 39, WA1IJT. 34, WAIJKJ
IVtYBH 21, TYAIFXB 20, K1IM4K VVJNBP Jtf. Th« W1AOG 14, WA1DPX 14, W1JDP 14, KILCQ
Vtihfir Ken'iee Honor Roll is a novr tratbc with W1DOM 13. WAUYY 10. WA1IHY WALTYQ
the first luiting in thin ixmup. Full details in Jan» WII>AI4
WA1FNM 3.
K1CLM 4, W1AKN 3, WA1DFL s.
VST, C WIHHR will appreciate KC jepuita sod can
on CPN. Club* are requ^tM to atmw«*r
VVlQV's Dirortor fMuh-lettpr. All ARRL munhPT* ni^ MAINE—SCM, Peter Xt^Hing, KlTEV-n£?fiXJi
itrgcl to exprm their view* to him, WA1KEN1 i« edi- K1CLF. KM: W1BJG. P.U1: WAlFLQ. WA1IOQ Is
in the Navy #t»trr>iir*i in the Philippine", and i* wurk-
iriK t»w:ird fjtetting n permit to upeiati? un the u i r
VV1NVU ha* a cummer c«mp in Wjnthrop, and aJso
imlds Hip I<*I1 WAMJV, He works M>, 10, 1W and 2
meter* IVAlffYI, We»t NVwtielri, i* presentiy home-
hi*wing u Q-meter ri* and hope* to have it Koinpe hy
ivet spring. I hmi «*my to repnrt that- WUA/A to a
Pi lent Key. \ > w hums in Main? are WN1MBL.
WMMBMp WN1MAX. WN1MAU W AIM All ami
WAJMAK The Hpr U'tlJ N*t inceta Mon. thmu B h Hat.
»t t7tKi on 3940 k<\ KIKAft ha* Ikvii tran»fcrml t«« JA-
!<nml fmfn tit* Philippine* and hope* to he activc
Interested in an sppuiut merit? It drop your u
liar. The Portland Aniatem Wireless Awn. mwln uvrry
Tin-. night nt 227 ftpring Ht. lV*U Mid theory r l m m
an? held eirny wrek. KtBAY is fiark ntwtutinp at hia
linijjr („iTH in H-l. Tin dies <NovJ W1H.M »i7,
VVAlKfAJ fll, SVA1FLG 51, t U N N D 4S, IVAUFX 37.
<OcU VV1 B.K1 m

NEW HAMPSHIRE—^CM, Ouwld Mor*m,

k U i K t i - S H T ; KlbWc:, R M : K1BCR, P A M : KlAl'Q.
Welmme (» VVAUjVQ ami W \ 1 M A It. WUB did very
>YHI JD the n w n t KMT (Has* 1 us usual. t*> reports
H - M M T iroived from W1KKK utid IVitfWX. GHPN re-
(K>rt« 795 rhivk-m* urn) 129 tntffln, The Manchester Ha-
tlin C1ul» in imi the hull with must of its yearly pro-
hiatus pUuned, WA1JTM m^mhI over 100,000 point* ia
the (!.W. Sw«»pHtakci. Six- uimI 2-m*ter activity is an-
ticipated with n kw. uu 8. In the How Jfsdio d u l l
it in tiotnl that six-lrtter cull plates tor the
^np Niuilnhle. The Nashua Mike mid Kry Club reports
Mir Mjuwiniv '>ITicers: WAlitQ. p m . ; WA1LKY.
lura.; W\1LAF« U ' N I L Y a tnsiw.; W1AIUL.
Ri't. initr. 1 (H t-t'purf .<Jiowu 24 active iiiv>inhcm and 25-
plus not no «i*tive. ('mU* ioul tlicurv elaivnei will ftfart
utter th<* ImInlay*. A tower hi* (iCen puichftw*! and
mMtal mmpU'te ivjtli \*>Hxx\m Club n^ta mr ami
.M.KL KlliCfl >till ifl very active haiHlliiuc tratHa with
hm fit her dutiea. WJFZ an-1 WtSWX participated in
Hiv Srjtmli»Hvi;in Content rpcvtitly. 4K1NBN trill he in
c'ttlifnrnin tor t l w v^ar>s \V1YW< t**>k titoo tn ^ t
h h n ^ f Hu paint hui>k. 'I>atae: KIBC^S lUU,
WA1JTM 1113, K1PQV M, KlQEttfl.
RHODE ISLANI1—Jnhn & Jnhntrn,
Kl.VAV-SKC: K 1 U L H U : W1HTW P A M : W1TXL,
V 11.F. P A M : K1TPK. HEtiPN re^>rt: RTl m-moiia, «U
QNl, 105 frftffip. WAUQH Mting up aiuitkier vtatinn
oixii pltiim U* hp iin 2 metera MMIII. HI* jiiht nnvntly
iuinril the r.w. lwt with the anaifttanne ot VVIBTV.
WAJfCQ aill mid ilie HB-S20 to hi* station tor
ijm un his Littitauttf with tfi«- Kmfcli Pole, KlCBO la
i/Ypernnfiihng % ith it'lTV awl haK timithed m num-KNful
• oTitact wtth hi* WW KTTY «iimpnietit, W1WAC te
uoikmc *m a nutenna atid hopr* tn eiimplete it ao
he eats wnrk the WIAQ 10-meter net. W1DK ^»nhn«ftf*
tn work 1>X with h^vrral new n>uutries added tn his
liKt.. K1HMO, reenittv Jrtflrrieil. hopin to 4in the air
soon, Tr»ftin: WtVKg MH, WtTXL 76, MijFLJ 55.
K1VYG VVA1CXF 21, W1KTV W. K1TPK 10.
WESTERS MASSACHUSETTS—HCM, L\IXY
\nli1e, WthVR-C,\V. R M : W1DVW. SKG mul PAM
pnflifinrtK utUL am open. The VAHX^s icueht KpcnW vaa
VVlQl!1^ h i ^ radio officer e.d„ who npcilee <tn tlie Ama-
Uutt and Civil Uetenxp, hid it or WlNPf. has an eJienllent
HMtiiint of a visit to AHHL Hq. A1 Duncan, of the
PAA, wan Uie VARCV Ovt. pupst hpniker. New mem-
U.-rx <»T the C1MAKA atr LRO ^tv^ge, Rnymoml JmKue.
Hipitiund Korrlek. Llewellyn i'omemy, J u n m Cote nnct
Ceorff* Parndifl. The chtb has a Sun. tiei at 10 JLII* on
Sll.7. The Montadiuaetf MiC rvpt^rU that l^tomvter
r.i|„ henceforth wilt use CB radio tor Ward Jlq. to the
u.d« filter, WlFJH w u Nov, ffUent speaker at Uie
MAilC. VV1LKQ anr( W1FVM ui-e avtive on t ii^ti-rs.
W135PB* tt-ft. tower is now up! WWCLI \s nntiv* m
& different neU- Sfiiithwtrk AHPJC asHisted the JIVUM
>)f>pnrtitipnt m Ifolloween patrol imdex tlie direction of
KC W1A1.L. C!.W. 11W WinVVV reports the tollnwroa
tor VVM.V (c-w, daily nn <000 at 7 2 u t J ; m qNIs v Ida
im-matte* Imudled, 17 sMtioru rnpitrtin^ The top A in
attendant* uert VV1BVR, W!DVW t W1KPB, K1IJV,
K1VVZV nn.l VV1KGJ, We no* h a ^ thme vounty
CVMirdinators; W11W Berkshits County;
\V1I<: Knmpden bounty: KiHdH Woitsrater Cnriny.
K1KVQ reporth tiie lullnwmp Hg imiltn: 714 cotitacta,
73 wutiona. Z012U S C H T F K1KUP 73D-U$-I00,m W1YK
<\W. H24-73-dlr104» W1YK phnon My
r^pnnnihility is getting write-ups in t» AHHL: the
nppniutf^^ rcpuuAihility is gettnpc reports tn me. Also,
reportu are wehymiml from miy iictive West, ^falw.
1mins. My tlmMzne i* the 7th nf au.-h rnwtk. Traffic:
»Nov.) W155PM (U3, IVIfHI 70. W1BVB HI, W1»VW
H4, W1PGJ/1 Gil. W1UPH KtWZY 30* K1UV
iTtet.) WlliPH ft.
 in n»inir a SOO-ttT Unit wih» un 160 throiifl^i ll) nirtpra.
WefcAJ is nmnniiintc au it.I,ai. net u» 3a30 k«, living I kr,
deviation. W71VVU reports a new n«ft mi Itttsg ku, bun, at
V p.u. MBT K7CjCj^ i* net control. K credit id given
tor chei'fc-iti* and it no traffic, the iwl i* open for rag-
i-hi«w». W72NW. Idaho ftOM, irttnnaert Ihp Geru titate
Amateur Warlio n u b uicer in? at Hoik** K7CXG ha* built
mat/oil jtiY-piwotfgp*, K7VVU moved from (.tab to
Kigby. Huh trachea un ph-ctmmc* ^vurr*? at the high
*»hno1 Hint haa urgaiuxeu a ham iadiu (Huh, r'AKM Nut
leuurt; 1ft wmuojia, cheek-ins, 79 trattic handled,
i nathc: W7GHT 141, WAttlUD 5U, W71Y 14, K7CSL 8,
M79SNN 8.
MONTANA—StW, Josrph A- O'Arcv, W O T t f - t i t t O :
WTRKY. i'AM: W7KU& fttfai
Montana FUN 3050 (Hit GMT ffcvify1
Montana Traffic Net 4010 WUU UMT M-*
Montana ration Net JufiU ITiKI UMT aim.
Vppuujtmehts: WA7IZK nx OFH. It you hold an appoint-
ment ill the nation, pJett» cheek mid aw that the vit-
dijrwwnt date in cimvut- il rt is not, plea** muuJ to mt
lux updating. Wr7CGQ has wivnj to billings. WNTA1SSV
anil W.N 7M 35W rmntly made tli* mult Eagle <n the
Buy Scout*. ttTYB, the rfaiion at M.H.U,, has the new
iJrake Liue equipment r*n the au. W7QCIV, ju tMena,
hiui a <i*-w sti-nwter antenna, up. W7MAK is trying to get
the HHIgatr Radio Club started up agaui. The Butte area
i'-QK'ffr t.m, rerrrute, WA7i£YH, « tile au <m a mar-
uuiiiii tune basis; input «s 14d,il40 and output I40,7ttt>. The
\nacumUi area unit i* on also un a part-time bam with
\YA7MKi> KTOKK *ud W7TYN. Anewi-all in the Hiute
area is WA7NJSE, We need still mot*- iww* mid traffic
reports irora the action. Traflo; WA7U6K iH7, W7LBK.
Itfi, K.7EQJ 11.
OREGON—tiCM, Dale T. Justice, K7W^ r a/WA7KTV
-rfKC: WTULF. KM: W7ZFH. FAMs K7HCW. Nov. art
ri'twrtrt^ WA7HKV reoorts for the HHN noun Njssioiia 3Q«
traffic St, otiucaefcs cfuvk-ine K7YQM rpporta fur
tin? A RET NetfieHMtxiado, traffic 24, cunUrU hu. majt-
miuiti uijintwr of wnrntiea K7GQQ reports for the OfciN
wioiib Uip trathe dieuk-ioa 97. WA7FTN nportc 79H
phonA patchn tu H.HI. Asia in Nov, Al haa a T u ranninx
tiuw tor hii H'lT^ nntup. V\7HLF helped WS7LPM iron
tlu- bugs iLKJt of his rig, and lq*tailed tranatHtonsed
urcuittv. WAT JUT has troubles tfith hU s.a.b-
riic. WA7JMD gax*e out some (ymtarts kruru Grant County
while on a huntm« expedition, WA7UJU is the first Ore-
gvn atatiOD to o p m t e slow^^aii TV two w*yna nud has
^fUtadisd K1I6BA8. WA7AUV Jiaa jpturned from hi« totir
with tiui W7LT w^Ih iu a m<» rvpoit. WA7KBH
baa ret^ivfil his Advanced Class trclut. W7BN8 haa a
new 3-meter antenna, K7YIA re{»orts for th^ balem arva
AHeX4 Net. sesstoTto 30, trathc U. cheek-Ins 306. Trathc:
WMKUV ft4A, K7UQZ Ml. WA71F4 m , WA7HKV 377,
W7ZB W, K7NW 114, K70UF WA7KZU
WA71CX K7WWH 8&v K7YQM 32. W7BN& 16.
W7MLJ W7BKX 10. V7A7JAU 7, WA7JMD 7,
VVA7KitH 3-

WASHINGTON—SCM, Harry W, l*wls, \VTJWJ—

K7LJffr% uue of Vnt triable {Kin Waahiofrton jSta^e. s*
mtw 76^meter mobile. New itthcer* ot the Walla Walla
Club WA7JXL, pjea.: W7GVC, rir«t-piva.; WA7LOQ,
fivev. K7NEZ, HC1 ut Area 4, ifporta AHEH m^tnbera
KTtZF. K7NPQ, WA7JPCJ, WTAEIJ. K7H6C, KTOtiN and
K7XKZ eta pruvidinft oouimvmiratiOnM tor the auuual 8anta
fJiauH Varade. W7AXT is the new mHUaa^r ot tha Waah-
i&ffton Hprtuui N^t aiid (iai*tieipated in frequetK^r mi-aaura-
riiL'iita with average parta/tmuiou at 17.0. W7UDR, now is
into antsu uetn imm Lnuex Maud, i* an
old milroail matt who ucenaiowiiiy haa to "push" W7QQC
over 8tovenV Vass. Listen for them on lfiQ.Oft Mc. K7BB0
ia send ins nn the AAKC Puavt 8onnd S-Aleter Net
aud ou d-ineU-r natH, >V**qtihune« 146^6 and dOJift Mc.
WA7GWJ» one Seattle* attorney*, is now on with a
new 1 hi|jurted mobile rig, W7BUN is a tPRtdar with Ofia
i>n H'AKTS. V/i\7NTlS in a new AKJESC iiieinher from
the dp»ikane area. WA7KVT ib trjdng to start a v-h.t.
rluh aud ia n«.»w working up a ^meter linear.
\VA7JK\ m aitenrJiji^ *cht*A but mrkinx as a baker
iiftermrds, and m wftTkmg on his c.w. with KTutlK giv-
iti^ him a lot uf help. W7JWJ now i*> teaehincc a Geneml
t^aas license wKirte at battle C^tnuuunity College and
uIfd iit wmkmft therp wit A/V ayfttem^ W'ATHKR has
iieen elurtprf net manaifler of the Noontime Nat for an-
other Vrar, Tile Hadio t l u b of Tatuiua and the
dtih nt Unem^ rJia^lenffvl <ine *rmther ta acmmf SH
r%>nteat. The winner wttl take home a trophy to keep ior
nnp ypnr. Should Hither club win the trophy tor three
year* in a rfiWt they wdl keep it permatienUy, and a new
trophy will he purchased, 'JYaftie; iNov,; VV7BA 161S,
\VA7HKtt m. W7DZX W7PI mt W7AXT 277,
W7KZ ZfiO, WA7KOB 243, VV7BQ WA7LMO Mt
 K7CTP 70. W7APS 58, WTGVC 56. WA7LOL 53, W7JWJ
37, W7GVF WA7JFX 35, WA7ACQ 81, W7BUN
WA7DZI, \V7m> tt, K7GZI Ifl, WA7BJJB IS.
WA7DX1 18, W7ATB 12. K7SUX 10, W7IEU K7YFJ ft,
W7JEY 5. WA7GWL 6, W7UWT 5, K7BBO K7LKD 3,
K70KC3. (Oct.) W7DZX

PACIFIC DIVISION
EAST BAY—SCM. Paul J. Parker, WRflntTTT—
WftKGG/WOTl finally ^ttlng up and ahould ha
«>h9vrvuw the J*and* wiuu. IVBIPW h«* had *n much fun
away from his radio that hi* usual high traffic i-oimt
ha> dipped muik*. WA6DKP finally gut htfl new quad in
the nil, K6DMI reports that he is ffijiprmg traffic-han-
dling very much on Nnrthern Caiifnrnm Net. The
East Kay Radio Ciuh had a rMtpnwinicatwmx trailer
^variable during th* holidays fnr fho»e peopJe who
wanted to send » piecv uf traffic overman. WflUZX ift
te*rhmg a math rourw <>ut when; he tunica and is
rinding the ui-mi phtion very time<-c<im*unimg. KoPJ re-
port* tlmt hm attempts at the WWDX Tent on <w*r.
rough berauw m pnrxr condition*. W80BF hai m-
timmd twm a v*iy «mj<iy»hle 37.000-mile trip to the
Orient. Kt5LHNT WBGABK nnd WAtiDIL were jiwt a few
rram this wtion who euioved this swkmiu'hfl8.Two new
Xiivtcm in onr wrfion am WN6M10 and hi* wife,
WNBLVVr WNGLUtf'afiratQBQ wa* with LUtiED on
IS met*-™. Nnwmhrr seem* to hav* been the month tit
election* nad we have getting varda from juat
ahaut all tiie clubs reporting their new officers, Among
those received w> £ar atf the officers of the HARO:
" KtfffVN. pte*.; KGUWB, Ytep-pre*.; KHAWM,
WfiCMZ. trea*.; tud W6CMZ, rnrom, rngr. la the
Mount LJiahlo Amateur Radio new officer* «rv WflLNK,
pres.: WA6JLF, vire-pirwi,; WBflTZR, aecv.s
WBffPCG, treux.; WAflANfc euienpncy ifoordinator.;
WBtfDFffl hoard member. Hope everyone had a veiy
C^hrirtma*, Tr^JBc: W61PW 147, WfiUZX Ifi.
Kftl >M1 10.
H A W A I I — L r r R. WW1, KH6BZF—SFO:
KFIUGQW. RM: KHfiGHZ. PAM; KHUAD, QrtJj
KH^DO. EC*f KH«GPQ. KH6GtUt M1MHA&
KHBflKV. KHOGKD and W7(TZH/KG6 Con Ouam).
It ACES nets nundrnkte with KHOAIN.
.Yrtt Fr*.(Uc.) TixuxGMT) Dm
Fhendly Net 7.29U ?03fiZ M.P
Boy Hrout Ham Radio Ket (KU02
Pacific I ntefinland Net (4330 MuZ M-WJP
H.E. Aaia Net 14.330 1200& AU
Maritnas Tilaoda Met 3.S5Q 0830Z 3,4th Tue.
Pk^ihr Typhoon Net 14.26ft Durinf 'PyphooD Alcrti
Confusion Net 'phone patches) 21.40a 0130Z ill
'lerko Net (£00 Ukttda) 1Aoo2 Thurt.
TViBc DX Net I42A5 OROQ2 Thura.
Marine Corps Net 21.380 1900Z AU
Wan/r/ir KCn for the Island of Hawaii, one for ea«h
M-rtum Hilo, fviiua and Kohala urea*. KHflGKD,
l^H^drd, vran of fh«i aeveraJ oper-
ating nt the time of the Ntnlh Shore Ware Disaster in
Dec. Remtly K0QPR, who#n with USASr&AfVOJi
SIO ORi> TAIWAN. wn» in tnwn. KIHNO/KH«.
pcu«±d the Advanced Clans e*am. KtTIBWT paeaed the
Airiitteur Ertra Claaa exnm. Wally report* that VKGAI
paascd tHmiiffh town oo hi* H-»y tn Q-Land. KHBAHP,
i epcjrt!i that he'«flfningto KP4-Land for n ^iait,
KH6GQW now han 8d^mefer capabjtity with a new in-
vited -S*-" dipole, KftflNR, new KfW liXCG lwrnl
holder (273) and family, runted KHGCQW and Ionian
prior fo returninK tn tne TVTainland. We all mourn the
imMina of KHftGRP, operations luaonicer ut KGMB,
He vnluntarily t<y>k n mrohlieht to the North fihare
durinpc the wave digft*ter where he suffered a fatal heart
attack. Send ynur Form la to your SCM on thefirstof
the month. Trathr.: (NoO KUflR/^ M W7UZH/KG0
Z5, KH OGHG Ifl. KHGGQW 13, KH«SA8 3. (fiepU
KtHNrO/KH6 40.
NEVADA—SGM. r^nnard M. Norman, W7PBT—
8K1: WA7BHU. WTOK Rdvrnd it may he nerewify to
move the W7AKE f(m, repeater off Alt. Charleston.
XVB8ADA/7 ia maim rm 40-meter n,w. W71VF will
xrhedcile anynoe DX ^r ^tutaside needing a Nevada
contact, U'A7BKC/ has devtaad another method of trad-
ing usin^r a TD on ATT?. WA7MOX presented a.
ciwiitiieiitary vith onlur slides of hia army mpdical tour
<-n .l«ipan and Korea to SNAK8 members aod gueata at
the Nru\. hnoqtiet meeting. W7PJM trans&red to
Phoenix with th* FAA, Frank designed aitd huilt the
W7DDB and W7AKE KM roeater*. K7ZAU and
K7YV N airangisd for a nn- host dinner meeting for
NARA mrinhera and guesta. K71CW ia acti\-a on v,h.f.
and uJi.f. VVA7KQJ ia active again with a Swm-240.
 SACRAMENTO VALLBY—HCAl, .It dm Mitike,
HI, VYttKVA—WBttAIJ i I haa hren huay operating ^.ti
Mc. Listen for him at 0:90, 7;3U or 8:30 in the
i no ruing usiiitf the t'ult KCKA. 'ABVlJfc Una txtm de-
wgiiiHU tully automatic break-m tor lay rig uwik
homebrew fiuaf delay relay. WAttOWii finally gut hm
8U-moter wrticnJ antenna WOT king alter tuakinjc tiuuier-
mth Hdjuatmeuts and *mtt-meter jvudrng*. I've heard
iLi-ipo* Hiui complaints ahuut the band* bring <-nwded
in trip General puiiKiiz ot the hand*. What aie you
M»iug to do aliuut itY Bend petition* to the i'WT
SVrite letters tn trther imqjuxine editors rotidprumnff the
A.KttI/7 rup*uut by quitting amateur ra~
"I10V ur, me you u<'ing take 4 atep and
itkiprovr yonr*-Jf to net that Advaum-d ur hxtra Clan
ticket no Mint you ha\e the room U> breath Htfam? It'*
yolll ^huitie— no t-l*p i-uu luai* it tor you. It Hire
would (H* nice if 1 i'I.hild n.wiw luteroting new*
t'pntn individual and dubs in the MftioTu 'T'rattic:
iNov.J WKV'UA/0 UVLN2 ftl, KGYBV 79, IV4KVA
41, SVAAHbii fl, WlMkAU i, WAflUWU 4, WOVUZ a.
afctj \YA«UTjll.

SAN FRANCISCO—HUM, Hujtli C w d y . VVA6AUD—

VVtfWLV <ituipJeted & wLuta ytar m M» without
ui(a*i*itf i*ne AKMJft-jxMt—twelve4(i a tuff, ilia ujjiaiaten*
ey i* matched hy WAtiBYZ, who tutuhe th* Bk"L
every miitith in Itfrttf, t«efve 111 a war. WtfBlP ia i-Apecttid
to tut the winner fur Uih u.w, .station u! the tic) again.
WK6UV L ha* returned hutn* Kuteka utter two
Y E A N * M the moflUy JJS the Knr Kant. W6KQ
M-utiE]ue» to turn in those peifect nvulinak <n the
KMTb. AI did it again iti the Nuv. t##t with uu averag*
prriiT ot UU009%k. aud o«jitinned h\n unbroken striw
of KMT'h, the (on^^t m the AJtHL. VVfiKVQ.
trom the mw (j'l'H in Alavano, ha» bin rijjc u|temtintf
H U H I U mi<i (?* bwndUnn I I I O I K tratho. WW I J iff A raain-
K^y in Uie MiA8iou Trail Irequentiv handling tiu>
net. f.nTptrol ifiitm, VVOE.VJ bn«ko a lniiic-«it;t4(din& a*Ji-
diKeipJino of tuetfrM uciLy and tried wnu? 7A-nirter
ivurk. WAfiQXV mtirrd tin; vhict nt Lmoln State
Hnaipittd alter imrs cm the jub, W^FAW k^pt up
Mir M-i-fif>Tin imme with Iuj* mticle ut 'Lhm. QtfT*
The Hun Radio Club held ita Ajumai Chriat-
rnitB Diniifr !M\ 13 vrtih a IIOCKI fiimrnil >a the vld-
tuuei^ IVLitiFlJK hliow^t » rirm hatut nt thn Marin
I'lnhV lh41, dinner by viHdmg ttie jtpitel «o vwinuffiy
when hp tuofc uttiCH! that dimu-iwoie omn*hcd to
WBVVLV ib ^xnkmfli with the r>-Luud CibL B<i-
ivan to urifimite trathe t*i thotse with Ume u^vnraula-
tioup <>t' in the Burraiu 'Vh« Valley of the Muoo
Wadjrt ('lub Heuted iiew olRenm nt da Jrni. uimtina-
WN6H&D in a mw Novice out of thetfouonutV«lh-y
HtHti- WH6UJO wrm «lix'tpd to the i^anauttuc
nf tim NurUicni Calitornia DX <1ub at jtn
tiori» witU W AtiAUD twine rpH^fM an ptee. WOZC
hnKts au old-tlmeih lumhron at the Hc^pnvuod in Ban
AUWIITIO Hie 3rd Tbum. of «tt-ry uioutk WAPVC baa
retired trom hi* cuiuuiaiiicatiart dutipa with the1 County
vf Mann. tVtiUOL haa acquuvd a Hwun lineal and is
Wmg hcaiti on WAdALK and OM \V6UiiL k t k
in the i\tidw»it for tfi* CiUrjbtnxa» holiday*. IVattiet
WAtMYiA WBWLV 1M, WfiK V'Q 74, W6HVVV 21,
WA5AUD IX, WAfiliXV 13. VVflCYO 2.

SAN JOAQUIN VAKXEV—HOM, Halph Baroysn,

Hie fabric liiviftiou Con^'dtiuu wiIJ U W l
here in Freauu !Muy 14-15 at tlie Elacirndu Motol. Ynu
<nn Hddresa uuy L communication* t<> WBeObH, the
*tnl vhairnuu). "J HP lullowime M'l^V* M T V I'louiied in tlie
if'Mit sW: WAfilMllJ-ll.UH5: WH6W«V-3K.fiK5: WAfl-
.IDH-Vim; \Y6VZ-30,8M; WAblVN'-lW.lW. WAfiAUrt
is experiment tag vrith aiitcn»a«- W6K<tH baa « Drake
Urn-. WHtMHVt tiHK uu SH-42A, WAfiKCtt m liwrri oa
7A s,ci.tK VVAttJDB m a tww u UH aud hae an HH-401,
WAbMLQ hav a Link t.m. mi 2-meti>r f.m. WAflA^K
mnv^I to i.'lovrs from C^kland and is active on 2-iP«ter
f.iD. WUUYR ia Ui-tjve in N^vy MAU& WAn,IZP in
^42tive ia Navy MAU8. WB6VHV ia tbe m-.w H i tor of
Xii/i H U D abftj is MCUVP in Navy MARtf. WABKPP ia
••11 tiie <iir an and 201 amplifier, WUfRK
IIHH a IK^W t^wvr Tip with a three-rlem*nt WBfl-
KUO ami U'BfUHL vu^iLe 1'Xip aatmma* lur rhaa-
ilia hidden tranxin it ter*. The Fmano Amateur Radio
Huh held its Annual Cliri*tmae Pnrtv f>cv. 190V. with
35 in Mtfendanre, U'Art YEP awHided the Ikmer
Tm|>liv. The rmwel Ifarlw C'luh held ita Chrixtmaa
iijnm'i1 and had 35 tn utfi<ndnnrp utJ t^f. 6, (069. KfttfKV
ia the urea, of thr* Trowl li^dio iMub. Twiffio:
12fi, WAQSC^ 90, IYA6JDB fll
SANTA CLARA VALLEY—SOM, Albeit P. Oaet-
^iiii. W6VZT KKO: WBVZlfl. HHi WAfiLhV-X, WflAUC
ha* been k*'npinjt ivifdar hkedft uith KrtPF/M M who m
the ripeuM nhnavd the 8.H. J. .V. i/cznna, a tanker*
for photi*-patch work. SVAGOXE baa Kddcd a Mo<{eL fit
K T T Y to his Nation, W9BVU hna taken the NOB *pu£
on NGN to FrL ldgbta. WA5AVS is moving to the
Island of Truk and has applied for a DX calL WA70V
ift the new px*b, of the San Cacloa C.D, Radio Club. A
memorial eeDolarahip fund is being set up by flan Jose
State CuUeae In mwiuwy of finny JSngwfcht. All the
dub* iii the area are MAieiting fund* for this worth-
while project. KftKOL'a household ha« badn blessed
with a new hanuunic. W6ZHJ and WtfVSJT have been
heard im * meters. W6MVL liae now Trorfced 117 emin-
tries from hi* mobile rig. KtfKUM is parting to rentnr
his interest ui ham wdio and might even set or the air
ataui. WAdLFA and VVoYBV tttt* th* first twn in the
section to ayply for the ni'W Public Service Honor Roll
iward for traffic wort other than handling
Thp ,,1d S-meter traific net has bwa started again by
WAfiVDK [t 'a ill be un wry Tue. at S p.k, PST on
(46.00 Mr. This i* an ettvlJ<*nt way fo t aome </f the
riKw-xiuijers pratiti«Q in handling traffic. Lfoteon oper-
at nen tu put the traWn into NTft arp siso being eot up,
r m f r i wuhsy m. WYBV m, w u l f a i n .
\\~mw 104, tvavar «*, w « d e f w g a u c an,
WffttVB 17, WflOII 12, W9ZRJ 10, WflRFF 6, WA6GTE

ROANOKE DIVISION
NORTH CAROLINA—SCW, CMvm M. Demnwy,
WA4UQCJ-A*«t, SCM; J u m O. Pullman, W4VTK
hEO: WiKVN. KM; W4IHJS, PAMs W4AJT, V.tLF.
PAH; W4HJZ. The Cape Fear Kadto Society hat 3d
m*mb*nu Officers ate WA4VBC, urea.; K5TGA/4,
yres.: W4BHF, *-cv.-tretM.; WH4VUT. mar. We have
3 ue* AHEC members: WB4NKN« WH4JUP and Da-
vrd Wood- The Haleigb Radio AmfptiT Society pro-
moted Kadio Amateur Wrek. Governor Robert W.
Scott proclaimed Nov. J7-S4 a* Amateur Radio W*-k in
N.ci, It was a m l nine affair. "VV* titvt in the ptem
room at the Capital BuUdtng in Haleigb, N.C, A rig
b * iwt up there and the Uovurtiov talked with various
huna m N.O. We had real good news <*>vera*« over
aJate v» TV, rwiio xud onwttpuptm. A jp mu
by amateur radio to all the <«t har 4» governors and
vtu eiftned by Governor Robert W. Scott, it told them
of his prcx-Jamation. The -NXl Phone Net haa bauo
fenced and meet* on &865 kc, at 0230Z daily.
.Vtf JVk*. /Ms* iVf^r.
THEN WW OWD55 Dsily 104 WA4VNV
NXJ. 8-S.B, 0U30Z Daily 17 WA4KWQ
KON fL) 3673 (KlUUZ Daify (J3 lVH4C*Hif
TrHffio: (Wov,) VUIVN W, K4MC WB4RGT 8SV
K4KO AH, \VB4MCy; 46, WH4MU K5TGA/4 40,
WOAVS/4 84, K4VBG "WA4UMC 30, K4TTNf Mv
WA4VNV 21. WAfiJHX/4 23. WA4AKX 11, WA4UQC
>Vi4KWO 3j (.Oct.) K4MC
SOUTH CAROLINA^-BCM, Charles N, VfviAt,
\V4PKU-aEO: W A4BGJ. PAM s W4VFO, KM:
WA40WV.
3V3Ulc& 0830 and 1630 EOT Sum, 12 tiooo Duly
StON 3795 ke. Doily 2346Z ^ T Tfs.:«B
^UUSHN 1»J«fcc,liwJy u0C«Z Nor. Pfc.: US
The SON jolitfd the NCN tn a aingle net. the "Caro-
Itasw" Xet, Jan. h 'fhe net meetf d^iiy ^795 and baa
liaison with both S.C. fuid X.C. phone nets and 4RNf»
The ioininK \%x the ueta enabhs di&trihution uf functions
aunntig a Writer immber of btations -while still allowing
full uo^rage* W4JBJil. N.C, JIM, will ai't ae out man-*
4fler throuieli June ^hen the H-C. RM ^ill take over
tor tt'x mcuitha. I'hfl ^et haa been
tippd1 aidehaud aa an att^mate frequency on
v-Ulch to (MM traf!u% thus relieving vtriiue of the pres-
atwe for jtfttu* on the banW, This work* nrify if y*iur
lower a.b, i» fully huopt^wed, k> watch your modulation
Kiul dean up thnsp simjals. ^hily ttro station wrtivities
rpporta were received. Traffic J K4CKJU St, W4PBD Ml,
WWlO m.
VIRGINIA—SOM, Robert J. Slatfe,
WA4PUO. Artt. SKfl: WB4CVY,nffM«: WAUSVL,
K4M1C, \V4.yHJ. FAA1: W4UKN. I z^gnrf. to begin
this month's mhinm by liunounn'ng the pawing on Oct«
31 r.f K4VKE, c.f Cliftcm Forjte, 1 wr* ifurprised to
have IV4HM report only nun ixmtact in tha Pbone and
one m the ^VV.j HW until I tatmed he did it th a £st
bmkrti by the i rank i»u his to*er wmdlaea, \V47»M ^ t
trained he rfill ih putting St* on his CQn. Aomebody
dropped a ^ro iu Dec. tfAf frt>Tn et>vttty
in —it piwpft 12U0 this month! WA4FIJ
Nbon- tiutv m the Norfolk aiiw sOmh Dfozmsra to be
bacfc trifh ua. H'B4UR& m monitoring the i^te from
college do watuh the gosaip. WA4BUL has the
Ham back in buamewi, WBtfPJK in doing double duty
hh vi^-tiretts and chief operator at K41l1)J. lie drew
No. 4 In the dratt tottery and ia worrying about addi-
tTOTuI duty m 3W8-Jjami. CJur JDirertor, W1KFC, wa*
active to the Phoj* and C H B , attended & board
meeting, two i'lufc> nwetiuga and ths A'MBAT annual
meeting. He el rowed tiu» uwnth by upecating PJ0CW
v,Tith W4GF and WB4GTO and checked into VN
from (•urnnvtl K4TSJ is moving and in juubiie unly,
WA4JUT, K 41 JOY, WA4WKB, WA4FGC iind W4K&X
are active as NUBs nn Vt'N, bfiC WA4PBG is getttna
rrnl interest going in tbe AKKC. is un the air
fmm a new QTH. W* urgently need MM nuppoit to
the VSBN,
VSBN 1«00 and 220D 3036 kc. Dwiy
M
VFN 1990 3047 ka.
VrfN 1830 aHOOkc.
VN IdOO 3080 to. "
AU tinea lucal, Traffic: (Nov.) W4HQU 950, W4NXC
237, W4UQ IK, K4KJW 105, IVB4CVY 163. K4KNP
142, W4TK yrt, IV4HHA 82, WA4JJF W. K4UJI «D,
K4K8H 53, W40KN ft, WAAfcUL 4fi. WH4FJK 43,
WA4PBU 33, K4TSJ 20 W4BUJ Si, K4PQL 17.
WB40OT 15, W4UBK 15. WB41RA 11 WA4NJG IS,
W42M 12, W4UIGCJ 11, W4ZYT 11, K48DB 10. K4JM
WA4WQG 8, W4THV 7, W4KFC 0. W4MK 6,
WA4YRH 0, W4KX 5, WA4JMJF 4, MVCY 4, W4JUJ
3. W4KAO 2. tUet.l WB4CVY OT. \Y4HHA 10ft,
W4BQQ K4KHB 34, WA4PBG 22, JUVCY &, W4ZAU
W4ZYT 1.
WEST VIRGINIA—tiCMr Donald B. Mornw,
WSJM-#EC: WtttiV. KM: WBaHBG. PA Mb: W3IYD,
KsCHW. Net Mors.: WBSBBG, WftfAQE, New uffleec*
of the Kanawha AitC are KSHGTM, pre*; K8YBU,
vin-pjm i WA4KI*F, s*sy>; WA3HJC, trea*. s
WA»UHIa WA8YTF, art. mgr. The Northern Pan-
hturtle AKC plane* 29.480 repeater and 29.0 tn 2-meter
repeat^ wtup. WNHfSDK, VFB8BBG aiui W3JWX in-
putted Sweepstake* WAKNDY waa elected
tnintee fur the fcttate Madio i.Vwinuil Nation tor Jack*
smjo's MiU. VVA3WCK attended tH* < !ounctl und
AHPflC totetuuBk WVN C.W. Met report 39 artwona,
174 statiooa andK4 nieaoipx WA8TWA and WAffiNH
upei-ate portable fnim WVU. (Jttioera ut the Mountain
titate AttO of Elkixu ar» WB8AKB, preM.; WAKZOX
ntid WNaCJG, viea-prea.; K8TPF, Mry^treaa.;
WSSCDX, act. msr«; K8CHW, pub. 1 w t to report
the pa*sinp£ of WA«3-KJt of Ulcin* WVN Piionc Nat.
30 nemnons, 424 atationa and 8K i r m t f e k ; Mountain
^tata Emej«Hticy Net, 0 aeanonac 40 Htatioma, 3 mp»-
satfe»r \VHt>uV ban b<*a appointed publicity chairman
tur the YLKI* MAJ&A AHC othwa ara WN8CPK,
p t m ; WN&ATT. vice-pres.; W8JM, Npcy.j WA2&EQ1,
tmw.: WN«BMV" puhlicitv. WBttBBG la & sewly-np-
pointed KM. T n i m : WB^HBG WHUZA %
WAHNDY 48. WA8ZZI 35, WW^X 21, WAttWCK 13,
WASTWA 10, WfiJM W3D0V WAWJ?'U' 7,
WBSAQK 5, WAftRQB 0, K^QEW 4, KSMYV
VV3TGP 2, WSWEJ Z, WA8WIX V , WA«YWK 2.
WBKAKJEt 1, KSCHW L W8DUW 1, KBMflP 1,
I V W I i UKhTPFL

ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION

COLORADO—^O M, Chadea M. C o t t ^ i l , W p f l l N -
Awt. tSCAl: Neal Mams, K0TIV, WA0HLCJ-
KM: W0LRN. HAM: W0CXW. V.HJy. PAM:
WA0LIK. Denver area amateurs aMnt^l the CAP in
the search tor a downed plane and th« W0WYX and
atiofhpr n e u t e r ijti 2 mia usni. K00PR baa a new
TX4B, WA0LVM va» able to u»ii«t in au auto avci-
dent. WtfLG i«s a new traffic man from boulder.
K0JriP m away trora home quite a bit. The CViIurado
Slow Kptvd H.W. Net is beginning to make aunut head*
way. W0WYX Kpnrfc that tbn HMRL lepratpr on 420
Mfi. is pickimr up aiore mobiles. With thr repeater at
ll.fkUO fent» t^vera«jKe ia good. Who would like some 100-
"Hfter activityT VV0tilN and WA0KBH will be cm 160
h.a.b. h^pehilly sofin, Heetion skip ia dropping out early
on 74 so iOO looka like a good bet. Net activity ia up.
NH ivporta: Colorado Emergency Phone. QN1 1KB,
QTC 21, time liffi Tuuuttea. CON. Otfl ]«7. QTC 114,
633 minutes. Hi-Nrumf uNI 9175, QTC Ul> W0 Tntn-
utes. Columbine, QN1 117Ar QTC 110. 1£77 minutes. The
new PSHR should be in full swing now, J^-et'a have the
report*. i.Kk VV0LKW and W0GIL urn doing FB,
W4UD8 reports an eturraetny patch trom Air Academy
to Uruguay. EC K0FLQ, Dfnver^ ivports AKEO futl
n^titbeTa M, limited 37. 7 net aassuma. Traffics (Nov.I
\VOWyX 205, K0J8P 180, WA0MNL 1D4, W0LG 100,
W0LAN 04. WAOLVM K08PR 33, K0MNQ 34,
KokCR 31. W0UAT 23. W0AIN tW. WA0PGM 13,
W0KFH 6. W0LCE 3» WA0HLQ 1, WA0KOQ 1
(Oct.) W0J/Ktf 03.
 NEW MEXICO—6CM, James R. Prine, W5NUI—
The New Mexico phon* net* have moved to 3940 ke. at
OIOOZ. The set. NMN, is vu 2750 kc. at 0B30Z. If
you am nut in one of these nets, irhy wit cheek
m and get acquainted? These times and frequencies
rfhould be noted and u«ed to urtginate traffic. A bit or
practice will Insure that you can do the jub when that
emergency mi-urs. Stations reporting Sweepstakes ecojes
to the 8CM were W5QJH, WQ points, and WAWBP,
280S points. Other stations were heard during the 88
but missed the bonus in falling to send a message to
the 6CM. WJSOX now has the call WB5AJL?P. The Los
Alamos repeater* 14A44-94, provides good coverage into
the sputhem edge of Colorado, The traffic reports con-
tinue to reflect the high volume on the r-w, mode. Is
there a rhaitage from the h.f. phone or viLf. group?
WA5UJY has been dected net manager of the New
Mexico Net for 1970. Traffic; KfiMATS, WAflTWT 41,
WKVW/t 36. W5NUI 33, WA5MIY 1& W6DMG 13,
WAflJXU 10. W3MYM 10. WAAJNC 8. EfilFJ 4,
WA60HI6.
UTAH—6CM, Thomas. H, Milfer W7QWH—BBC:
W7WKF, RM: W70C3L WTOHft, r at B,Y.U„ has
worked 29 states wui VP» on 160 meters. The station
also has J ft countries in about 8 months operation.
K7RAJ has 30 states on 100, including KIlG, New
officers of the Ooden ARC am W7GPN, pre*,; K7DOT,
vine-pripe.; WA7IGO, secy,-tress.: W700X and
VV7NHQ, directors. Ortcer* uf the Utah ARC are
K7HPH. pres.: WA7ION, cxm, vies-pnw.; W7EU,
vjrp-proSt; K7SOT, secy.; K7HFV and WA7JLM, edi-
tors. Reported SH mres: WA7HQU/7 33£33 phone. 8
aw. X9LBQ/7-WA7KUW 113,176 109,000 phone.
VVA7MEL recently dropped the "N" from his call and
ia active mi 80-16 iiwters, WIFII. WTMUO and
WA7DYH have been awarded thn UUN certificate.
WTOCX scored U points in the Public Service Honor
Roll in thefirstsuch report sent to the BCM. W7ETA
now has a new trihaad beam and 30- ft. tower up with
the help of W7HTL. WTHTIr is active un 100 meters
regularity. Please send reports to the 8CM before the
7th of Hffrh month. Truffle: W700X 109, W7EM »,
K7SOT 70, K7CLO «, W7QWH 1.
WYOMING—ROM, Wayn* M. Moose, W7CQL—
SEC; K7NQX, RM: K7KSA. PAMs: \VTTZK,
K7BLM, OMsT K7SLM, JK7NQX, W78DA, K7TAQ,
WA7FHA. Nets: Pony Express, Sun, at 63Q0 on 9920i
YO, daily at 1830 «n 9010; Jarkalope. Mon, through
Sat. at 1*16 on 7360; Wx Nat, Moo. through Bat. at
0030 on 3030: PO Net, 1000 Mon. throus* Frt, cm 3M0,
K7KSA has t«*n having Aery good lues with his 100-
milliwatt rig. lightning knocked wit WATLOW's rig
last Oct. WA7CLK is gntng totfchoulat Knnn Poly
Technic, Terre Haut*, Ind., while WA7CLD is 90in* to
the U. ><f Wyo* Wyoming is going to have its first QflO
Party, fpt in mi thp m'tion next Mar. 14-15. Bx-
chanae is report aad county. A real nice <*rtiticat0 in
being offered for the high scoring phone and also
NUtuins,. W7HEB/K7WR8 have a new transceiver now
a ad hail to aet a arw vmv to vKCty it around. Let's
have more Wyoming haens participate in the upoomuw
JjX CoiiipRbtion. Traffic: WAWLP I8S. K/l'i'H
W7GMT 5B, K7K&A H. WTTZK W7YWW 38,
KTHVA WA7HDJ 33, W WD A 30, WTUIiA 23.
K7BLM 33, J£7TAQ 14, K7TXZ 0. K7QJW a, K7WNF
7, K7WRti

SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION
ALABAHAr^CM, Donald W Bonner, W4WLG—
HWCJ: KibJD. PAM: WA4EBC. vRM: W4HFU, Con-
graftiiatums to W4DQS. our new FJirertor, and to
R4KQ, oui' new Viea-Ditector. I received lots of
fiweppstakeft wlivity reports. Thanks to everyone who
participated this y»tr. litis fc a auod content and gives
good message*tabling e^pervnee and proftciHncy- Try
it next year. WB4LCU has a new 3B-10! and beam
antenna. WB4TQS has his Advanced Class ticket.
WA4ASSC is net manager nf AKNtJ now. WB4GTM »
net manager of the teenage net, AKNT. 1'otsl trattto
for the taction was 016 this month as compared to 62Q
fast month. Anyone mtenateri in building a new an-
f^nna (80 dk tit IfiO Me,J anil doing KUU* innAn
bounce, should contact WA4KPO and W4WLG» TKWc:
W4FVY 211, W4HPU 74. \7B4LAL 74, K4AO» M.
WB4JMH 56. WB4BLX 35. K4WHW WN4NJQ 31,
WH4I-IMM H WA4YXW K4RJD 7,
WB4LCU 6, WB4NCT K4UMD 4, W4WLG 4, W4-
DGH 3.
EASTERN FLORIDA/—Acting SCM. Ronald J.
Locke, W4YPX-#fiTJ: W4IYT. Asst. 8EC: W48MK.
RMs: K4GHV (CIW.), W4RWM (KTTY). PAM 7»:
W4i)QX. PAM 40: W4SDR. PAM V.H.P.i WA4BMCL
Official Bulletin report* wers received from WA4EYU
and K4LP& IVMflJU' mention* that a* QKN mpr. he
*T»rks liHrdpr atirl handles leha tmtlic— too true. The
Day tuna Bwrh Club Iviater! tHr in Nnv. What a
lunch wt Ku-Kfftrr*1 Thanka to J'rrxy K4CSJ *uij all
tor * tfreat timer NewXy-t'letfi-d ,1nhn Porter,
\\4h<j!J nnw will \*> »teertug the tiup. All traffic re-
port* miri grip** siimilu bf *ent hi* wuv. NOtfAKB,
W4IJ6f in Jacksonville »nd Pfciwua City AKC, W4JJ,
revived then' trophies rr»m W41YT. nUtvr <»| ^/onda
vsktfl nt the Tramral Hauiixree iu Miami jit Jan. tor
their >H K1H1I J Jay Ahowmjr, Thi* uiakea the fourth
year in a row Fui Hie KlJb'AitB kiuup, tupping all of
Morida. \VftBZY/4 tend* m n?purt with 4 large "Extra,
Claw ' rnuilml un front. The Dade Jiadio Club Jicada
tIif tii»L, Vice-Uirertor K4KQ-the first time fur
W4NVU. Tivpiral and Phone Tnthe Nets have
both uiuv<«d tu 8040 kn. tu "ifiLe it miariimom tnr
Kl'iiuJa frequency. Net manager* advixe thin maki* it
pNMfi- lor riiit-iit-rfate ON la to fund <utt ami to allow
i.'lnw monitorin* tor mnbiie i'juei'ffem*u «< Send all c.w.
iwir? to W41IjK for Inn gttVHfatar bulletin. C.W, NC8s
HIV leguebtnl to hold Own Mpeert to a wmrfinahle 18-30
tu uttract 1 nor? QXIa, \n my & wan-Drake
1 want to thank all the uuva tor the auppurt they gave
nw during ft difficult and confusing take-uvt'r period. 1
know Juhn can lie awMir*ri that he'* tfut a u.ivnt hunch
to *ive him a hand. Traffic: (HnvA WK4A1W 7U3,
WA41JH 3W, WWtiJW 178, W4JLE 160. WA4FGH 145.
W4S1JK 119, UA4HKU 91, K4GJ WB41KR
W4K1IW WA4FJA K40YV 03, W4YPX
W4UYO M, WB4VJY K41KX S* WH4UHD 37,
\V4NUft 97. WA4HDH 36, W8B2Y/4 32. W4USK 31),
WH4HJV 29, WA4KCK ^ VVA4NBK 25, W41YT 33,
K4QCG 33, W4S5AK K4LPtt W4SOM 31,
W4HOA 20, W4LK 19, W4HMK 19, W4UDK 1KT
K4CJKH 1«( WB4ADL 17. W4HFR VL K4Hd J7f
W4YNU tH, \VH4VM\ 16. VV4VP4J 1«. ^A4BGW 14,
V40OX 13, 1YA4EYU IJ, VV4BNE A, W4TJM 9,
UB4HNL it. W41AI) WA4HQH Ht K4EBE K4»JU
5. (iKU) W4NVU I&Up

GEORGIA—HCJM. Howard J^honher, W4RZL—

SfcXJ: WA4WQU- H.Ms SV4FJJN. K4KQ1.
VV4LKH, The Qeoriria Southern Amnt«-ur Madio
Uluh, uInch MugtMnm the W-10-U A**ard» ha« \m\ed
the foilniriiTg: W40B, W1KJN. WIK VA, Nathan
Hoftn-»\VL. \VASDNOv WBYEN, WWUTC. VOKSD,
VWAN, K2LFG. W4AQL, W9WK anW VVUXD. Durins
the Ugwliep the duh station worked uhout 900
ntafiona ui muutrww. A letter from WA4UPKiKK7
mdicatei thnt he will tie twMtraing to Geonpa May 8
Lumplnte with a nev/ ftjfe. K4HCH rniurt* cHUiriitmna uti
2 finly fair durme the mouth, YV4YDN finds it nccHh-
wtry to Rftian aa PAM hmtiifte fit hift m>w work. He
mtfjrta new officers of the <fe« A^n, are
ft B4UTV, pre*; W4YDM, viee-pm, 5 WA4VWV,
•vry.; ft 4 WKP ^iid U'B4DMOt hoard tupmbm.
W4AQL iff the jipw htilletm editor. GHiN tvporU 389
checkpd in to bundle ISO menaRes, W4LKH is uettlnfl; A
tii-w ng for the loner Kanda and x*y* WA4CNO menvd
to Atlanta trom Culumbua and active '.m i,m.
W4HYW i* tulive m CiBS. W4iiyl> haa a n i r 40
Sublet and 0 7 8 appointment. WA4GXZ etijova the
en»w.J an Q8N. K4BAI operate with a tthmp in Cu-
racaci (KJWtnV) during the DX Content with juahJ ana-
W4VVXX Imh a new ^H-lQl and W4BTW a J-
meter ria. W4FKW ta on nith a TA-tt and 22 meter
loJJraear. Traffic: WA4RAV 148, WA4GXZ 93, W4FDS
73i K4BAX 68. W4X&0 «3, 34, \VH4miU
W4TYK 24, WB4KKU WB4MQA 20, W4UVP 19,
VVBfiUTC 12, K4HQI 0, W4^ZL A,
WEST INDIES—fiCM. Jose Medina n^rnandfi T
KP4CX>—KP4/X"J ^ f h t tnohile amund tlw island.
KP4WI) iH acth-ely dimoc DX with a tri-tiandar and
a ht-w tower, KP4G1 promises hi* power tmpply for a
fintar rrrniing up. KP4AT is building an electronic dork
90 that all KP4n run he nn fh^ <U*t for tliejr ached-
tslhng. KP4CO hna a new JX17 hut had to re-
move ail antpnnaa. KP4JM haa buirn appointed Ka-
finnal t 'onrthuator ut Zow 2-B, l/iclcirfiruc P«A> and
V.!. KV4BA wna appoints! loeal rnnrdiofttor of the
Caribbean Emercrency Net Ueclon IX A-B. UIHA^a
100% cuuperfttxon c e r t a i n l y will h e l p t h e m t o improve
t h e radio c o m m u n i c a t i o n efficiency o f o u r W . 1 , eection.
KP4SV m a c t i v e o n All b a n d s a g a i n . K P 4 A 8 T and
K P 4 C O still are l o o k i n g f o r a n e w r a d i o Q T H . K P 4 J M
ift h o a r d f i x e d p o r t a b l e f r o m C i d r a L a k e , N - Y - O o l e g i o
S a n J e w is coming u p w i t h a n e w t o w e r a n d antenna*.
A n t i l l e s E m e r g e n c y W e a t h e r N e t m e e t s a t 1100 G M T
<m S U 5 k c . d a i l y . . H l f t H V w i l l a c t a* net control.
W B W l T / K P * n o w i s qks w i t b a n 9 B - 1 0 1 i r o n K a m e y
A F B . T r a f f i c : K P 4 W T 1 2 5 , K P 4 C O 40.

WESTERN FLORIDA—BCM, F r a n k M , Butler. Jr.,

W4RKH—HHCU W41KB, P A M : W4MQQ. A M s
K4UBR. H M - R T T Y : W4WEB. Nets:

Yrt A w Ttmtf Doya &*a. Q1W QfC

wfpn mi ko. ssora Daily 3d sir
QPNT 3051 k e . 00U0/Q300Z SO 439 M7
NW FLA KM 140.94 M e . 0!3lffi Tburs, — — —

P e n s a c o l a : W A 4 8 t f B i s a c t i v e uti Q F N . VVA4ECY is
getting new antennas, W 4 J L W was appointed UPS.
N e w N o v i c e include W N 4 s O Y P , O Y Q a n d O Y T , t w o
ut wbum are Y L s . Kt, W a l t o n ; W B I E Q U ' s X Y L re-
ceived her ticket. W B 4 0 Z P , A h a m radio exhibit a n d
tratfir b o o t h w a a net u p a t & l o c a l s h o p p i n g center.
K 4 U B H * W 4 B V E . W 4 Z G S and members o f s £ 3 local
clubs assisted. W B 4 H B M a n d W A J i F Q T a n w o r k i n g on
l M - M c . gear. W N 4 D U B is a n e w h a m in Preeport,
Ureetvim W A 4 Y C O a n d K 8 & Q O / 4 a r e a c t i v e <m 1 0 -
a n d 1 - m e t e r a*ui. h e i * , M a r i a & n a : W 4 K C A a d d e d a
P . A , t o h i s f . m . r i g ; h e n o w m m * » 0 w a t t s o n 140,941
f o u n t a i n : W A Z P M D b o u g h t a borne here a n d plans t o
retire early next year. T a l l a h a s s e e ; W B 4 L O Q h a s a new
GT-030, and has been running patches for foretai s t u -
dents at F . & U * W 4 M Q Q h a s prepared a n 0 O P tor t h e
W i f P N , including a list of addresses a n d p h o n e n u m b e r s
ut n e t m e m b e r s . W A 4 E u y h a s h i s S w a n g o i n g a g a i n .
W B 4 G T Y keeps the mobile rig h o t Horseshoe Beach;
W A 4 E Y T is active o n ' 4 0 m e t e r s a j n . a n d a-w. T r a f f i c :
(Nov J WA4BCY Ml, K4VFY 381. WB4LOQ 40.
M W J V M SB, W B 4 1 X & 54. W 4 F D J JO. W 4 H K B 10.
W B 4 N H H A. ( O c t O W A 4 E C Y 303, K 4 V P Y 2 0 1

SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION
A R I Z O N A — G a r y M H a m s u n . W7CAF—
BEG: K7GPZ. P A M : WYUXZ. K M : K>NH1* The
»tute K A C K t A g r o u p p a r t i c i p a t e d in a G A P ewrcum
N w . 14. M o i d o f t r i e a c t i v i t y w a s s e n d i n g messages
between the Capitol and the P i m a County comma-
n i d a t i o n s vnri o p e r a t i n g p o r t a b l e a t M a x i m a A i r S t a t i o n .
T h e J f t m a County A i t B C / H A C E B g r o u p c o n t i n u e s t o
J * o f s e r v i c e - iti n e i t i c h m i r e s c u e m o t i o n s i n a d d i t i o n
to participating in test raartbM. T h e 1970 S e o t t s d a l e
A H C officers aze W 7 F C Q , pres.: W7IM, vice-pros.;
W 7 D L L . treas.; W A 7 J D & secy. T h e A r i s o n a R e p e a t e r
Ahbo. h e l d a p i e n i e W o v . 10 a t S q u a w P e e k P a r k . T h e
meeting place for t h e group has been changed to the
F i r s t F e d e r a l S a v i n g s Office on 19th A v e . near B e t h a n y
H o m e E d , in Phoenix. T h e Arisona A R C h a d a n o u t m g
a t t h e n e w A l a m o fcttate P a r k o v e r t h e Thanksgiving
week end. W 7 0 P B has a d d e d a t n - b a n d b e a m a n d S B -
301 t o h i s s t a t i o n . K T O Y W h a s a n H S - 2 0 0 b e h i n d h i s
SB-.100 ' n o w . S w e e p s t a k e s p a r t i c i p a n t s included W7DL
W A 7 I F D a n d W A W S P . W A 7 K Y T is t h e csll o f the
r e p e a t s i n C<nnh\a* C S o u n t y a n d o p e r a t e s u n 146.34/140.94
M c . D o n ' t forget t o report y o u r Public Service Honor
Hnll ( P s t a t i s t i c s m a d d i t i o n t o t h e regular traffic
<*mwt a n d c i t h e r i t e m s o f i n t e r e s t t o y o u r S C M . Hie
C o p p e r H t a t A N e t h a n d l e d 160 m e e s s g e e . P 8 H R : K7NRL
48. K 7 N O & 29. W T U X Z 2 L SO, W 7 C A P 13.
T n i l b c : K 7 N H L ttft, W 7 G B P ftl. W T O U E 38, K 7 R D K
30 t W 7 T J X Z a o , W 7 J M Q IP, K 7 Z M A 1 5 , W A 7 I 8 P 14.
W A 7 E Q C 1 1 . W 7 C A F 4, W 7 D L F 4, K T E X F 1 .

LOS ANGELES—flCM, Harvey D, D. Hetlaad,

W U K Z I - A w t , H C W i Donald Etheredn, K6UMV.
ft E C : W A 0 Q Z Y . K O O D W i s a c t i v e o n tiCN a g a m v r i t b
a "inargina]'1 antenna. WN6EIM eays he has U
ronHrmed toward his W A S , a d d W6£IIr
reports having
a b a l l w o r k i n g N o v i o * d u r i n g t h e tiU, W o D Q X has
s o m e n e w D r a k e g e a r a t h i s L>de<'tric r a d f o sUtknuM
W A f t F J J i s a c t i v e o n 6 a n d 10 m e t e r s m a i n l y i o t r a f f i c
net«. W 6 1 N H h a s p l a n s f o r b e t t e r s o a s t o b e r e a d y f o r
t h e fianta A n a w i n d s . W f l l V C i e ' " m a n u f a c t u r i n g " t u n e
t o s t a y a c t i v e JO t h e S O N ' , W W E T r e p o r t s m i n o r d a m -
age t o his linear. K t f K A is b u s y w i t h t h e Intruder
Watch a n d a m\ur T V course. K f t K U Q again i s active
following a move to a new location, <J*r(ns, et-
L U 8 D E K , n o w h a c t i v e u n d e r t h e call o f WB0MCW.
M e m b e r s of the Pasadena A C provided r o s m o deputies
f m m the Altadena sheriff's Station with Halloween m o -
bile communications under t h e banner of t h e L o s A n -
geles C o u n t y R A C E S group. W B 6 P A V is b a c k m the
southland after two and a half years m Sakon.
K 0 8 N N has a t - w a t t etw. homebrew station working in
the ear, K3NA is building a a*w 4-1000 20-meter flnal
nnil nhto is rebuilding hia h,v. power supply. WA6ABP
now hp* h S2V2 m u*u, Not. SS report* were received
from W6VPZ, WBSUEW, VVA8PXY, WNftSIM, WflRW,
WJUXKN, WOBAB and WB0SVCL J£6CX is m jepre-
Denting the PaJiaades RC at the Ouiuuul *A Radio
CJubu. KfllZB uudertaken the Volunteer job of
Chief of UA. City RtC£tJ. The do. C&l. ATV Club
ha* adopted 146.052 Mc as ita pnmaty 2-inetrr calling
frequency, and the 432-Mc. frequency coordinator,
WAOCDR, has suggested 4)9.0 Mc. for the group's TV
audio. tieveral Bo. Gal. Y.HJF. Cluli members a n con-
verting APX-0 surplus radar gear for amateur uaa on
the 12W-M<\ band. Club meetings have featured dis-
plays of the APX-6 units in various stages of com-
pletion, aud the dub bulletin has included instructions
lor the conversion. WB8KLP reported a 1280-Mc. cuu-
tact between tafcewood and tian Diego with
guar t*ing used at both ends. WB61BM ia working on a
parauietic amplifier for the UQ0~Uo» band. Our thanks
to BGN manag&r SV0LCP for the following jNov. re-
port;
jm Tim« ov/ gr<? tfffr.
tfCtf 3600 ko. 74)0 ML 608 5U2 W0LCP
WA6KZB is running phone patches to WA6HWB/HC2
on 21 Mc. WA0KXT now has a 14AVQ in the air.
Wfcb'P ia wcirkng at channel nine. W01L showed
"Ham* Wide WoSd" at the Znglewood JttA Members
of the Crescent* Valley RC and the Palisades RC
recently ware treated to a discussion on "Amateur Ra-
dio Behind the Icon Curtain" by W«YY. Yuur SCM
would appreciate hearing from you in the form of

TOAE ITS. W0BHO « L K » C L 38. WBCICGK 20

i r a n i ir. w « d q k i o , w v f d w o 6 s o « , WOTtf 4
WA0FJJ WAfiCZI 1, WB0PAV 4, WAOTWB £
W6U8Y 4, WBAZVO 4, WB6SSZ 0, WA6BWX I
WODQH1, WN0EXM (gepb.) WOOEO1
ORANGE—SCM, Jerry L. VerDuft, WAAROF—Asst.
6CM: Richard W. Biibeek, K6CID. 8EO: WB6CQH.
RMs: WftLUP, WOBNX PAM: Vacant. We all owe
WtflJBY a great deal of thanks for hfs toe iradersfaip
and devotion to the Orange section since its inception.
Max will be resting and hamming from his new <STH
lit Vista, Calif. I have appointed KflCID In Uivenide
hh Aw*. BGM* He will hop xepment my office in the
outlying area* uf the Suction. WflQAT is the new KC of
the Orange County 75-Meter ARBC Net. which meets
every Sun. at 0900 local time on 3966 kc. (sj«b.j.
WBLCP is a new RM and mgr. of the Southern Cali-
fornia Net (tfCN), which meets daily on MOO kc. at
0900 GMT. E6YKB is a new OV8 and hod an excellent
article on Field Day innovations in June (1M0) QHT for
which he was awarded a QST Cover Plaque, SEC
WB1GQ& has formulated a list of ECa and ARGC nets
within the section which he will make available to any-
rme upciu request. We were all saddened by the death
of K0MJU. Although blind, Willie was devotM to
amateur ndto pcWfO service. The Orange County Comi-
oil of Radio Clubs is being reactivated and the dubs
are untieing plans to sponsor the 1072 flnuthwestern
vtokn Convention at Disneyland. WOCPB is acting
obairman of the owmntioa planning. Our Director*
W0KW. ia now a resident of Ctvta Meaa. WA0FOQ gat
a kvvyer for hia birthday and operated it in the Sweep-
stakes. making 24,41)0 points. WA0WFW stacked up
38,034 pointa with a kilowatt cot s ^ b . Your monthly
spurts of activity are invited regardless of your oper-
ating aperialty. How about some of you PXers report-
ing? Support your <*ub and section A EEC and NTS
nets. Traffic: (Nov/j W0BNX W7, WAAVOQ 127,
WflLfiP l i t WAMIOF 05j WflWRJ 01, KflOT 7?\Oct,i
W6QB 7, WB6ZECX

SAN DIEGO—SCMt Richard E. Leffler, WA&COB—

Awt. SCM: Art Smith, W01NI. Hrad reports of activi-
ties to my new address: 5110 Manchester lid., San
Diego 92316. Concerning ABEJC growth here, all
teurs are invited to join with us in preparedness be ton?
a iiatural disaster comes, Registration forms axe iwatf-
nbl* from the £CM, Asst. SOM and other ABBO
official*, rJwtwn dubs: The SOBAiitf member* an?
ready to work other mea dub members on their net at
29H0 Mc, each Mod. eve at 1000. EL Cajon club mem-
bet* take uute, as you. are looking, to jfsve away WAMO
points 1 The CjCWA elected KftPM as chairman. The
net now meets each Wed, avo at 1900 on 3905 Me. Att
I'lub secretaries are reminded that information for 057*
*ho'ifd n-nrli your fiCM by the fifth of each month. Bo
sure to forward your list of new 1910 officers to me,
Section News: WB4CVP/6 han located in Florida.
WNHUJO now is Asst. EC for the Noma Net, PJiat
PSHft listings go to YNYNQ and W«BOF. WBfflBW
is back on 40-90 phon* between Haa&«. WAflZGT
tho Advanced Class exam, Anyone else on 1240
Mu. hnidea KOBTOT WBtfWHM reports rompleted
WAS. KfffMH/4 operated iEWOYC m the tifl and
porta high scores on both r.w. and phone, Special
thankii to WA0K1IN, for his work *n and to
WA6TJK na KC for 2 meters. WB6CSOK ha* ap-
pointed JW tor O u t a d District, tiileut Keys: "WW) A A.
WAtfQMV, Traffic; KAEfPI #4«4. WflVNQ so? WOEOT
383p WeBGF 1B9, WOLRU 180, KOtiAV M. WfcYKT 32,
WA0KZN 14, WAOTJK 10, WAtiCOE 7. EOZMS/ff S.
SANTA BARBARA—HCM. CWil Hmson,
WAfiUKN-SEC: K0QV. H M : WOUJ. WAOKRA, jam
living in Ijompon, tins hn-n active tn past years with
emergency work tu W2JVZ. WAflHOM, of CamorilLo. is
nnw on 20-metr? 3-s.b. and working motif I)X.
WMKXX, tho XYL of W0O&W, again is active after
recovering from n/ito furidont. WoORW has installed
a npw inverted "V" for HMD. WMFXW, M tianta
Husann, Uhh * uew tower up. WAfiDEH lost- bis beam
when h tower c^ble broke and ia in the proocss of
putting up a new beam. While nn the auhject of new
beam*, the K*tart> ARO also has a new fcrl-band job.
WBfiKXW han tweu working aeromobile using his Ceana
150 and a 3-meter Commuuator III. He reports that
the activity is great at 10,000 fat over Lo* Angeles.
WB6KXX, in Shni. is teaching mde for Novices.
WBflYCH has iter 2-meter beam at 64 feet atop the
tower Hhe not n* th* Ptpfino Hamfent W6RFU reports
1U0 contact* in 41 sections immg 850 watts in the dwepp-
*takfta C.W- effort. The operator was WMM'V, Traffic:
(Nov.) WA1DBI 156, WOORW 13- WB0FXX 8. (Oct.)
WA6DET 60, WfiOFXfc13. WAKftltfr 9,
W E S T G U L F DIVISK>N
NORTHERN TEXAS—SCM, U K, flarraon,
WfiUft-Asst. SCM: Qene Pool, WANFU tf»:
WWKA1. PAM:1 W&BOO, KM: WfiQGZ. Asst. HEO
Hast Tar/VJU . WAiKHX. PJainview n o ' s
otftoprs are K6IQN, WA5MOK, WMT7KY and
WN6UKX. pur*,, vk-e-pre^: secy, and treaa,, r^Mpec-
tivptj. Trtiima RC's ufficers Jire KfiPQB, pres.;
WfiftiBO, ; WfiOOS. to-y^; WftSQT( act. mgr.
W&TBM's AREC/EC oewsTetter omtains a bnrf and
i'nmpit>hpnaiv^ rrprirt euvering the ituaglned conflict with
tMOKH-'MAK* K^^JlU/ft, former Nu. Tex OR8 is head-
ed for ftirfine tmininit on tbn West Count. WAPBN oom-
pJainP that Q8T reaches his homo QTH two week* late,
W.WYB advisee that if you have the tame problem tn
thp fnirf* by way of dptivrfy record* several
monihn then complain officially by writing j*our con-
KreRjtraan with a copy to your Diroctor- Better yeU in-
spect your pvrHhnally and see bow 2ad-class mail
is handled. Many nfcationn in thin Hiea aubmittlag
nice tig scow. The Tetoma Ham-o-mraa Uvld Nov.
I4-1Q attendert by 300 or more. W4GM ran a nice
Khnw. W5EYB and all HCMs, HFa^, were there,
The Kjiocyrle Club of Ft. Worth will spanMnr thu
piori-r fknnt. Post with the objective hum l i w w . Vmir
HOM> tro-irf. letter tn feudmhip appointment people
brought forth di*niflhinn ri-lativi^ to Nation Our
top GO. W5QPX continues with 147 observations in Oct,
and 131 in Nov. HM W5QGZ report* a S«au>t«r f j n .
ivpisater m the planning utato for use between Dallas
ami Han Antonio v* Kiileort <18w-ft. tower). We un-
derstand the Lake Murvnl gathering cotiststs ui the
Delta, Wideband crowd* 0 0 W 5 M 6 U s a y * t h e r e are m a n y
k r y H i c k s in t h e N o v i c e b a n d . N o r t h te Area, O p e r -
ation* rnnnhts Kit 144 counties and ccnerftlly ^ s a t i n g
tuns along tlie t h i r t y - w c a n d parallel. U e t a c o p y o f t h e
J l s t edition MI Operating m Amotw huUiu Station,
turn t o page o b t a i n a m a p a n d s t a r t d r a w n ) * line*.
Y o u l l be d u r p r m U U K B s W f i Q H U , W A D W , W S H I U J ,
W 6 U Y , W 6 G U D a n d WfiAJLiC have- heen isvncetk-d b e -
i*hiia! ut inactivity* D i d y o u ui&kto t h e P u b l i c Hcrvice
Honor R o l l thid m o n t h 7 T r a l t e : K 5 B N H M l , W A 4 K 1 V
S t W 4 J S M 47. K 6 L Z A 41, W 6 L 1 * SO, W I F B N St,
K5QECM 12, K 5 J B D C 6, W A I V E S 6.

O K L A H O M A ^ C M , CbiuV C . (Js*h, W i P A I I i — A a s i ,
tiCM: W . U (Smoky) 8tov*r, KAOUV, S E C ; WAAFBN.
H M : W M ^ J / T A A I B : W U l t i X , Kfil'lsY, WAffJOU
a n d & A Z C J , T2ie ht£ event o f t b e seaemi t the T e r a m a
H a i u a f u m a , liml a p p r o x i m a t e l y !W0 registered t o r t h e
i b r e e - J a y Hvotik A m o n g those Httending a e t e Director
W W i ' i S , V r a e - U m f e r W 5 B N Q , each of t h e riUMa a n d
t w o HJ4U& 'Jlie Annual A U A K C C h r i s t m a s , h e l d D e c . fi
in O k l a h o m a C i t y , v i m e i i j o j « d b y luo h u n g r y haxos
a n d wives. T h a n k s t o t h e president, W6JLL&L, l o r t h e
invitation. T b * J j F S A R C C l i r i s t m a * D i n n e r m a h e l d a t
Underwoods in l * w t o n Jinn, flu. W W W w a s in t h e h o s -
p i t a l ; he had a s t r o k e N o v , 26. W A 5 K G J in hack ironi
u v t r a n u a m i u t A t A K S btation K 0 W U U . W A M Y I i s
building n. new 2 - m e t e r amplifier. O n a recent t r i p t o
tftillwater t h e director a n d fcLHU a*id 1 spent a l o v e l y
uvenina w i t h W A & N Z M . T h e n in P 6 n e a C i t y t b o i u * t
d a y w* h a d dinner w i t h W A f f M D N a o d h i s w i f e ,
W N J Y C Q . JNet m p u r t o :

l^rcff. Tims itays iSm. Utfi

OIiZ 01<Xtt T-iknu 31
&&
SfiSUkc. 034US T-toi, 1G VO
OPEN m a ke. 1400Z San, 5 8
UHM tfHlSke, M-tf Jtf 346 5U
tTTN M-H 2tt 656
«
QWXN (KID12 T-dnn. 36 315 —

VraWc; K 5 T E Y 107ft, W A 6 Y B O 11*. W f i Q M J %

WAftZOO W A f i J U U 40, WAfiXMO U t W f i M F X 3k
W A F K L 31, W 6 P M L 17, K W P P WAUFTBN
WAfiNSUWL a , W « Q L

SOUTHERN TLXAS-H3CM, tt D. Jerry S e a n ,

W M U t - B B O i K&QQG. P A M : WftKLV. K M j W U B Y .
P o i n t s claimed on t h e new P u t t i e S e r v i c e H o n o r Hoii
were cw*TV«i from W f i E Z Y , K & U Z B , WHQJA a n d
W 7 W A H / 4 f o r NOT. W A A C , W A 5 C B T a n d W A f t U X D
trported Sweepstakes scores. 7SOO N e t M g r . v y w r o .
ports
o v e r tOD i w t cprtjtlcates ts^ueci t o descrviDfi yoem^
h e n of t h e 7190 TraflSo N e t . W A 5 Q K K , K & S H E / 5 a n d
W*\A'1T?P ruport Jooc hours a n d school interfere w i t h
their haiiimmq. l l i e Afovsfon ARC JVew neports
E U A M A g o t h i s new car on a Bat. morning a n d h o d
thp Kwan installed a n d opuratins jnobile in t w o hours*
H o w a b o u t t h a t f o r s p e e d ? £ 0 W6ICC. a s N C S a t
WftN-D w i t h mNMVr mQLE, KFIBBN, KFIUAH,
W A 6 D 1 K . WAfiGVQ and W A f i K B D n o r i d e d m m .
uicatbOTjs for t h e O r a n g e A r e a G o o d w i l l I n d u s t r i e s ; £ 0
Wf5i T
w HFYW v , fmrn
w u r o ttrljoinmff
D . m k o Jnfforann
9 W A ^ NC V aHm* t yW Aatonff
T O U Owith
/M.
W AMJ VD/JW, W5UD/M. K6INB/M, WAfiNJW/M,
W 5 A P X / M u t d W A 5 F T J w i t h W f i F C D eooxdlnatinff
operations un 2 a n d 6 m e t e r s a n d WflSSV/A a s ?faisftn
between 2 and tt. Jfil P k s o V / ^ ^ ^ t n reports
W 5 B B H i s Kturninie t o E3 P a s o , W 6 R A F i s b a c k o n
t h e a i r a f t e r a stroke, K « ? V D a n d K 8 Y V O n o w h a v e
modified their calls in KI too to W0RUA and
WfittQZ. W A f l L Q P h a s orders t o fro to K o r e a . Note:
H o i f i e t o n w g Week U Ftii- jtf. ZtfW /or ^ OT Tm^C
-Vei, W A Q J A , Jugr. o f thn T E X T f a N e t i n v i t e all
past a n d present members of T E X to check in t o rag~
e w iuid reminiaen. M e e t utd friends a n d m o k e n e w
un?* nn 'VJsHS. Uome^tniina Week MOIL t h r o u g h F r L o n
3770 ko. ut. 1900 a n d 2200 C S T . T h w will h a n d l e y o u r
traffic, ton. 3 v u therr. W A T Q K h a s been promoted
t o C o m m u n i c a t i o n s Service Inspector i n t h e Inspection
a n d Piaiminff D i v i s d o n - T e x a s D e p t . of P u b i l o H a f c t y ,
Trattn: W5EZY £04. KfiGDH 140, WtQJA 190, jor hurgery. VE7DU ia coming on 2 meters. Tlie wrrmd
WA6MXY 96, W5QO 85, KfffiZR 83r WA3WPP flff, edition of the B.C.F.Af. .Vein ix uut and report* have
K5KOZ 04, WWBQ 68. W5BGE 3*, W7WAH/5 80, it that membership i* JnnrKning VK7LT wait iff
W5TFW 10, W5A0 4, K6WYN 4, WA6QKB * with the tiiuotph. SCM VE7FB was guest at the Pro-
vincial, Kim Marshal's meeting in Victoria. IHtcy are
depending nn the amateur for their Hiiergency cutumu-
• CANADIAN DIVISION uicationa. Also, I am instructed to pats to all thu ama-
teurs their sincere thanks fur pant cooperation in both
ALBERTA^-fcKJM, Tk>n Sutherland, VMVK-tiEG: prwrgpiKy stiiri teata» Traffic; VE7BLO 40, VE7AXZI lfl,
VEMFA. FAM: VK0AUH. 'Hie excellent satellite tmr- VE7QQ 10, VKPGQ U, VhffT.L 1*.
Hurk done bv VE6NT wm honored by an invitation
from NAHA to »tteod the Apollo 1* launch. The in- MANITOBA—8CM, Keith Witnev, VE4EI-Con«ruta
coming ufficera of tb* CARA are VE5ADX, pre*-; to VK4* KO, Ycr, MU and KK iHwiving MTN Net
VtittABZ. v ire-pres.; VB?A11>. wrcy.i VK&AJS. act.; iwrfcUScates. TB4BI on his V.H-F, 1*£M appointment
V MBit, p,r.; VB6AWF* VE5AKV, VEtfXJ, dir. and VhAFQ as KM. YE4SR tvports 33 members and
VJE6AWF wa* pn-Msated the Ham of the Vwr Award VG401, RII «iwr«ow mwd for their The BARC
by tile OARA. Heftdquarfcrt for th« 1070 Alberto Ham- helped out the Brandon Police on 7f«Jlowepa. 1 um
fpsh rm July li md IS Till be the West gate Motor surry to report the death of BPAROS, It Is replaced by
Hotel, Calgary, VUAHJS, Cold Lake, recently worked a the yfanUtitta Amateur. *iitM by VK4QK, Cundolencea
XI mid several VE8a nn R nutters, VE0MJ has com- to the family of VB4GV on his au<lden and imtundy
pleted hia 0H-O3O console to complete h v*!ry FH sta- death. Let me know if yon wiah the Manitoba P8IIR
tion. VKSNWT made * nice score in tlie C.W. R& The reported in this <tolumn. The Winnipey Kepeattrr Society
Western Polar Net operate* Tne„ Thura. and Sett, at Pias B new slate of officers. For thoee who pxftrat,
nauOZ un 14,140 kc. and 3760 kc. at 03002. Please note the WARC auction wa* a miccvxn. If you missed it%
that the Hbnve-mwitioned d m are adranced une in iwnember the *4wnp mid 8hop Net en 3705 ke. o\tty
this area by the line «f GMT. VE6ADS reports an Sat. eveningfcfterthe pbonp iwt, Tmtlwi VB4FO 40.
uveragH daily QNl on the AP8N of 45, I msh to thank A-E4HO 25, VE4CR VE4NK 6, VE4QJ 3t 4,
ynn nil for your help to W and beat wi*h«» for 7fl. 4 VB4FO 1 m u j
Traffic: ftfw.) VK3FK 18, VB6XC 7, mAI/U 4, VSxn^ vrnoi. '
VB088 4, VE0AER 3, VJOBP 1, VEOJfc 2, YE6UD 4.
VF4YW X <Oet.> VB0MJ fc MARniMK—prntf, WHKam J. QilJta, VElNRr~tiEC:
VB1HJ- mAPQ reports that VE1KMO, the Kings
BRITISH COLUMBIAj—6CM, W. F,, Savage, Cuunty ARC» with 13 members, is currently running a
V E7FB—V E7 AQW *as presented the annual BO ABA fl~nu>itth i'uiik* ^th 13 VET* nun lied. The dub also
cup aa the amateur who baa done the most for amateur repairs surplus BO for difttnbutmn to nr^ly retired
radio. Alan has over one hundred new amateur* to his uHncrtifc «nd gives £nanciai aawuvtanoe to the White Cane.
credit. VEK& import* Three new hams In November. The NBAKA also *\<in the sightless through nartteipatlon
VE7UJ has a new 80-meter antenna arid worked three in the CNIR program. Tlie Memorial Mnh-enqty nf
7An the Mime night. Bast Kootenay ARCreportsgrttaf. \ewfc«nidl«nti ARC has the fallowing slate; V02BH,
progress and \n setting * communication center in its prpa.; CTlydi® Hnffett, vic^pit^.; WA3LBO/VOI, aeev.-
new headquarter*. Nwiaimo ARC? officer* are VB7MG. treea.; WICK! custodian uf rlub ntntinn VOICIN. The
pm,; VJB7BXN, vice-pree,: VK7ABK, «cyt <Jbngrats ARCGN slate for the current yw: VUIOO< p ^ i
U> Mi* VBWO on its efforts to be top dog in Canada VU1AK ninl VOllK, vice-pms-i VOIGT, seoy,i VOtJE,
for % transmitter* on FIX VE7TH haa 3ft in her code trep*. -VPN remits wions 60, t)NI 373, QTC 65. Traffic:
aud theory class* YJ27NH is progressing well after ma- VBIAMR 61, VE1TIO W.
 ONTARIO—SOW, itoy A. White. VE&BIWT—This i i
my final bulletin ** your HUM for Ontario, M y term of
utfww ?.ipired ui Uec. mid it is nut. my intrntion to seek
rvelKctiuu, I am indebted to those amateurs who save
tn* thmr ^'hole-hearted support and to thf several
clubs who w r v kind enough to N-nd me their bulletins
«Mich inuitth, Aly vmtcful appreciation to you all. We
Were 4m<*»i*Jy «»rry to henr ui the traffic death of
VK3TMO, Our BEC, VTOEWlJ, made bmr plana tor the
fcKT iit Jim. Close tu 4v0 attended tlip ttriu CcnwutJcui
in IVcwitu end rongrat* are due the tfcsrhum ARC for
:» npicndid effort, ViiAb P J v w awarded the Chtl Marsh
Tmphy da the uu totalling amateur uf the >vai» T«>-
ruiitu humMhs u'tre busy pT*»parinjf the CHFI An-
imal Tov Drive. tast year wiure tlum 117 mobiles took
paxt tiud over 30.H00 toy* (fathered for needy chil-
dren. ttisUWK id jiuw VRSPJ and VESBftG
YE3BR. VKMMA, VK3GQU and YK3AYZ nrv
peiating after illnnwi-s. VBSAQI and YtiSZQ m active
fypuii after Jong abaenee* Irons the bands. \<«it & J M
was guest hpt-akvr at the Nmv, meeting of the P«el
ARC. The CQ World-Wide Cuateflts a w u r n for an-
other year and «ome oi the t>oy& had a tall. How
would ynii like tn give XJanfaarpwllgwyiiKyllgoicervchwyr-
ndrubwllantyuliogugoch, Wales, nn y««ir QTK? Of
i*mrihe, von mov* tn Ya, Burma! VK3FHK has a
new tfti-flOO. (That's a HB-20U, SOU, and 40M). M y
moat Hitusn- g w d wishes for ymi* health, pro*pmfcy
and pt-aw of mind. Traffic: \Nov.j VE3UI 48, YK8DPO
YE3ERIJ 70. VR3FKE ft*, VK3DBG A1, \ ESKBH
VfcJCYR & VfiftUU VK3NO VK3KWD 20,
VK3K\M IS, VKKiWT 17, V ESAWE 1ft, VK3EHL 14,
VK8VD 18, VWQHU U, COot.) VBIEBC9.
QUEBEC—SOM. J , W. t t * y , VE80J—VfllAOX in
very bu*y taking 14-Mc, traffic. We all wish \SS2AJD ft
speedy recovery fwwn his tuo»t re»'nf« snruurfl in hospi-
tal. VKtTL. VW«JV wid \K2TK are jiewmtn^r* to
KTTY, An avid newcomer to S titters ui Trois Kiviere*
if VKSOM. VRSBVY sends hj* usual nice n-port. The
Canadian Division Director is YS3CJ, tlip \ joa-Uirector
ia VK3M8 and thp AKHintant Iiiivutor w \ fc8AP. Vnie*
fur the 1U70 RAQI Coumitino bavis bum amnionwd as
July lU-tl-12 and you art pxki'd tn iiixkf a apccifll a t -
tempt to attrnd year, From V&2ABLI v t t a thanks:
Quebec sera le aite du Cun^r^s de KAQI pour 1970, l+n
rlatest 10, XI et 12 juiUnt. Pr^paeek-nuuii des nminte-
Iiant. VK2BPT e^t tr4s acttf en ^ 40 meters,
VE2ULQ p^t nn iiinnbre legulier du rAarwu de» gait-
Iutods, tottsleai nmtin^ mii 40 metrei » 10 hi(nres#
Kriieitntinnu« k VE2AD7, qui a inttfti^ i' T D X - M du
Conut^ ilea Handicapa^s de RAQi. L a it-nt* den billets
a coimii iiu grand aucceft; n*rcr h Tuna, Tratfw4:
ViaCJft 60, VKSHKU VRSBVY 19,
VRW.V 13, VtiaOJ 6,
SASRATCHEWAN^c^r, Gordon fearce,
VRSHP—'We are plee^d to Kcleonip \ KftUZ, of ^Sffrh*
ill, a* '"if Urw PAM, bucceeding VKflP/, who requested
that lie he rp|fi*ved of the cx>»{tzoTi bffHiiw <>t heavy
family and bumne«t romuutments. Twu-nxvter activity
ih inrr^Hhgp with "repes+er twlk" in Kagkatnon as well
ft* ia other r r n t m . KTTY i* tkhuamg of
beeotoioK widi*pre«d, Thnm motive in thil mndn Ale
V B s LO- P f t . JO. KU, lx"i, QT> and irffwi*. Qatu
theory ivrrp held « t VMriuun ivnters. iniiludiDB
Saskatoon, Kemna, Prince Albert, M o o * ,law and
Vnrkton. pIhw^ hUi trerp hKd on the low vtid
the hand severe] niffJits a ttrek. The rfaHkatehi-wau
UairilPHf will be hvtd in Rpftinp July 3, 4, ft, 1970. Coti-
crfttv fju the ftepinn Club on winning fh^ tiHd Iiav
a^ard. What Hhniit mon- tor this I'oluran? >nur
r^nlrilmt«m will be welcomed. The Saskatchewan Phone
Net meet*- dailv nf 0100 G M T »>n S M *fr.; the
kfltrhowim Tralfir Net (c.w.j daily at OtSd OAIT
SfiHD kc.; the Aurnm Nm| twice daily 0300 ami 0300
O U T nn ?m and 7WJ fceM ( n p a - t M v , Traffic:
r u u o 14, v i a » i 14, v K a v u ta. v f a r l ' u . v e b f \
4, VKS1K 4, V B X L VKIKM VE3KH S, VESOJ a,
VKIBD 1. VRftDN 1, VKUKI 1, XB3UX I,
> fw n i.
 STAFF MARCH 1970
JOHN HUKTOON, W1LVQ
Editor VOLUME LIV NUMBER 3
E. JUURD CAMPBELL, W1CUT
Managing Editor PUBLISHED MONTHLY, AS ITS OFFICIAL JOURNAL, BY THE
AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE INC., NEWINGTON, CONN., U. S. A.
DOUG DE MAW, WICER OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION
Acting Technical Editor
WALTER F. LANGE, W1YDS
ROBERT ANDERSON. KLTYF*
GERALD L. HALL. K1PLP
DOUGLAS A. BLAKESLBE, W1KLK
Awfefetaf JPecAniw/ Editor*
-CONTENTS-
EDWARD P. TttTOX, WlHDQ TECHNICAL —
VM.F* Editor
An Engineer's Ham-Band Receive*
LEWIS G, McCOY, W1ICP
Beginner and ivov/ce Rudolf Fischer, DL6WD U
ROD NEWKIRE, W9BRD High Versus Low Antennas
WILLIAM SMITH, K0CBR (Payne Overbeck, K6YNB 20
LOUISE MOREAU, WB6BBO
IOHK TROSTER. W6ISQ A Simple Salety Feature tot Crank-up Towers
Contributing Editors
Katamhi Nome, KH6IJ 23
ROBERT J, RINALDI, WIGHT
Adrertiaing Manager Packaged QRP for 3 . 8 and 7 MHx
EDGAR D. COLLINS
Dong DeMaw, WICER 25
Advertising A**i*tont The K4GGX 220-MHx Kilowatt Amplifier
Lewi* Dw Collins, K4GGI 28
h A. MOSKET WtlMT
Circulation Man offer Gimmicks and Gadgets:
CARL E* SMITH, W1ETU A Coaxial Switch With All Unused Contacts Shorted
AMilstant Circulation Manager
To Ground 33
+ On mlbiary lean of absence Let's Talk Transistors, Part IV Robert E. SiofMs 34
OFFICES Technical Correspondence 40
2 2 5 Main Street A Trap-Filter Duplexer for 2-Meter Repeaters
Newinatoxu ConiweHcut 06111
T£L: 203-8664541 Edward Pw Tilton, WlHDQ 42
githecriptlozi rate *7.&J per year post- Recent Equipment:
paid. U.K CilRiln, In < "niuulft KJUI D.K;
SS riuwtwre. AKKL Memwmhlji, Lafayette 99-3S313L 146- to 178-MHs FM Receiver. 47
Inrtlirtinft nvkiUebLe oniy to
Individual! with » bona ihLp Interna AlUed A - 2 5 8 7 146* to 17S-MH* FM Receiver 49
In amateur rwlbis 86.50 oer year.
U«HT fund* Hi Canada and U,8,; S?
ClKevrbere, Hlngla ifeplni 7o Hunt*.
Foreign rcmittancas bbuuld be br BEGINNER AND NOVICE —
International poHtnl or nxi^rra m«>n«y
«r<lCT or bank draft negotiable In the
O.U. and tor an ^julvalent. atnoiml A Two-Element 18-Meter Quad for The Novice
In UJ&* funds.
RenamKHan ponUue paid at Harford. John Daebellz&hn, WN9BJC 31
Conn, aoti at addittoxud mailing office*.
CopyrteUt 1070 *»y tti* Ami-rfaaii Ra-
dio Krfay liengue, inc. 'titferiftwterfti OPERA TING—
at UJJt I'atent Ofttro, JiitarniLtlonuJ
r»pyritft)t secured, AU riicbts mvrml.
ritrftr* r#mtrr*tda&totlo*to* dorfho*. Results, 9th World-Wide RTTY DX "Medallion" Sweep-
Printed la ua*.A.
stakes 91
Impact Report 82
INDEXED BY Applied Science and
Technology lndes, Library of Con- Communications Department Rules Redrafted • •. • 88
gieve Cataloa Card No.: 21-9421

OUR COl'ER An Aid for Plotting Satellite Orbits

Lawrence A- Edler, WB6MVK 80
The riff ift a
QRP 80/40- Incentive Licensing Everett Q, Henry, W3BQ 60
meter trans-
mit tfcr-rerel-
ver hmH it is ARRL Museum... * 46 Index to Advertised 142
described on ARAL QSL Bureau.. A 64 "It Seems to Us " 9
page 11. The ARPS 52 League lines* 10
young ladv is Coming Convention*. 64 Operating News 82
our QST Pro- Correspondence From Members 68 Silent Keys 67
duction Assi- Feedback.... ST Station Activities 87
stant. Linda Haxufsst Calendar 64
Sturteveait. Happenings of the Month. 62 World Abov* 8 0 Mo. 70
Hints & Kinks 38 W1AW Schedule 86
How's DX? 77 YL N e w s * Views 74
lARUNem . 66 2 5 and 5 0 Years Ago in QST**

March 1970 3
 AMERICAN
rHJ? DIRECTORS
CuJiocfa
NUfi-T* I*. J-IATOX* VK3CJ

RADIO RELAY
Hnxtt*n.\\ nXmnwn, Ontario
A.OnrRP ftptnctff VK2M8
171 Klpunft Ave*, BvunrastLcld, micbcc
Atlantic Division

LEAGUE, INC.,
HARRY V. Mi-fWlNAGnVp. AdBl'C
ftiUH hettway nr., m o m « tietfinula, AltL 21KU4
Vi".jHrecfo*. Jvsse Blebernun WJifCT
KD 1, Valley Kill tftL, Malvern, ra. i w w j

If o noncommercial association of radio amateurs, bonded for Cmniral Dxvimton

the promotion of interact- in amateur radio communication and f M l U i ' M. HVLUiiU wmwi
<uiimirt,Trmp A m . , « ' h i i n . ciotm
experimentation, for the relaying of messages by radio, for the I tt^Xrulttf Krimuru! A. Mprsffor .. . iVUl'HV
IM> Houth Fijurth at., .-ipnngciriri, Illinois Htf703
advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, for the
representation of fhe radio amateur in legislative matters, and for Dakota ZfeVieJan
the maintenance of fratemalism and a high standard of oonduct f.'tiAkLb* o, c i j m i t o n * J woaro
Hot iLTHA K-K-. I.rinnHiNT. J a*ll, Minn, &KJ7J)
If is an Incorporated association without capital slock, chartered t'iw ,'hjvw. Nwry J..st<lmn WOl'AN
11417 Gaadrlrti Kd, HloomlngtOU. Minn, M i l l
under the laws of Connecticut. Its affairs are governed by a Board
of Directors, elected every two years by the general membership. Defta i h r i f i o A
MAX ARN<>M> \\ 4WE1X
The officers are elected or appointed by the Directors. The league tfltt tioffan ttd., -\w4ivtlte, Ti-lih. 47K2U
is noncommercial and no one commercially engaged In the manu- I'nv hinrw: kmnklin I'MWCU WI'IWOK
N, Oi-^vmit St-, MtnitiWit, 'ivnn,
facture, sale or rental of radio apparatus is eligible to membership
on its board. Grecrf LaJcM Diruion
AUIaN \. MU.-HKIj UrfU'U
"Of, by and for Hie amateur," it numbers within its rentes practi- S*fW Hfinhun Ki),t nnrirm&tt. Ohio 4.4U1A
cally every worth-while amateur tn the nation and ha* a history of V fJiscdtir* i :urrln U rtkutt.. . iVtl'M- KHE1T
[|g N. hostcr ijoiuong,
glorious achievement as the standard-bearer in amateur affairs.
Inquiries regarding membership are solicited* A bona Fide Hudson Zhm/on
H \RK\ .1. DANNAM+ .WJTirK
interest in amateur radio is fhe only essential qualification owner- Arbor Ijatus, Dix HUU, N,Y. llt4A
sftlp of a transmitting station and knowledge of the code ore not \irr Mrvw &t*n.?4ttk KMJO
ril Jrtiniri.T Lull*, rort Obeeter, New VwX iuart
prerequisite, although full voting membership is granted only to
licensed amateurs* • MiVvrMf DiriMian
ASM VlNFrU H. MJNTfaA WtJGQ
All general correspondence should be addressed to the adminis- 2110 GoMln'Rtumy Dr.. I'^dar KapiO*. lows.
trative headquarters at Newlngton, Connecticut 06111.
t /^^rfr/w.' K«li>!) V, VTiierflOn ki^L
ArK Montana Ave,, Hoi ton, Kftnvw 0B4!M
Nmw England Divixton
HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, WIAW, 1014-1*36 RiiHKttT Yf>RKi M Ai'\r AN . ... W1QV
JHrtoiitnKusri, aroton, i^oiui,
EUGENE C. WOODRUFF, W&CMP, 1934-1940 i' ice ^i/nc/w;
G&OJtGE W. &AILEY, W2KH, 1940-1*5?
GOODWIN L DOSUND, WflTSN, 1953-1962
HERBERT HOOVE*, JR. W6ZH, 1962-1966 RUHHRT B-, T H U W W N WTIW
mxi j u t Am, aealtlo, Wetsh. yxllfl
Vkf-hittrfnr; uftvlfl i.I. Hpnv^tt W7QUS
Hox 4AA, Ht. tu-lcaa, arc. U7llftl
President ROBERT W . DENNISTON/ W0DX Poci/ic DiTiefou
Box 72, Newton, Iowa 50208 .1, A, I WW fr\1 KU N WttU
HJH^d wiliowuruoK vuturhno, I'Alif, tf^oU
First Vice-Preskfonf . . - . WAYLAND M. GROVES/ W 5 N W V^/iJi-ffrfOV Hunn t.Ortalily 4A
;r . oliirruia Ur.t Otttl UHfttdU Calif. U4-WII
1406 West 12th Street, Odessa, Texas 7976CT
Wce-Prewdenf ROEMER O. BEST, W5QKF Aoanoibe Oiviiion
VH.'hJKC i-MiAKh*
Secretory . JOHN HUNTOON, W1LVQ 1|
' >PCH HPtul Koftrt, Cllf'on. Vrt, S21^4
Treasurer DAVID H. HOUGHTON Vitr-nirrMT: !«, IMill WtPkPT ,W4AOr
HZ1 Ihll Top Koftd, Mrppnshoro, C. 274U7
225 Main St., Newlngton, Connecticut 06111
Rackv Mountain Division
e e e * » <'AR1. l«.rfMlTtt ttOBWJ
U)7H St., I >rnvrr, r 'oio. fttfiWO
V^itf-.^jw/'ir' imom^n. Hanks WfiKJ
Honorary Vfcfr-hwMenf . . . . . FRANCIS E. HANDY, W I B H HMA) Moatnu, «Ubuqiicrnd«t AJ> 8/X1U
SouihMsfetA ih>leion
H. uM&avMtorm \\4DOs
ii** iTiiiliivi. IVntia KpfU'ti, MA. 329HI
Genera/ Manager . . . . . . JOHN H U N T O O l V WRVQ ir; 1 'Unrlm .1. Hnlvtn K4KQ
^•JijKW. tf r)i Lanv» Miami.
Communicofhnt Manager GEORGE HART, W1NJM
Tedrirfcal Oftneder . . . . . . GEORGE GRAMMER, W1DF Southwamtarn Division
JOHN 1<. tt'oKW
Assistant General Managtr . RICHARD L &ALDWIN, W1IKE oBH M e « « t M CostM M W i OtUW..
V Armttf iiariimm WHi'tU
Arnfant Secretaries PERRY t . WILLIAMS, W1UED t4U4lt Hurttfuiri XU. \ mi NUV*. i'SLllf. 914US
WM. I DUNKERLEY, JR, WA2KN& ROBERT M* MYERS, W1FBY tfuif Division
U S Main St* Newlngton, Connecticut 06111 RiiV J,. AI.BHdiUr - WftWVtt
MXT Kiwi'mwy, ^HII Antonio.
e e e e • Vi«r-/im/or Uitrr U Harkrin UftHNC
trUA tJalmtiUt. l oft Wurth, TI'AU» 74147

General Counsel ROBERT M. BOOTH, J ft, W3PS * Mrmtipr Kxivimvc Committee

] 150 Connecticut Avenue, N. W ^ Washington, D* C. 20036
Aoocfofe Counsel . . . . . ARTHUR K. MEEN, Q . C , VE3RX
Suite 22*2,44 Kbia St .West, Toronto 1, On!-
"It Seems to Us..."
BOARD MEETING
This morning, like every other weekday
throughout the year, our pickup truck made
the first of its thrice-daily trips bringing bags
of mail from (and to) the local Post Office-
Four gals, with one supervisor, spent three
and one-half hours just sorting, machine-
slitting and opening envelopes, and time-date
stamping the contents. This kind of volume
presents quite a workload for the Hq. crew.
But we wouldn't have it any other way, for
it is an expression of a healthy, concerned,
involved — and expressive membership,
There is one aspect of our incoming
correspondence which deserves se para te
comment, especially in view of another
Board meeting soon, it relates to those
letters requesting* expecting, and/or deman-
ding various actions by the Hq. When such
matters are within our jurisdiction, fine. But
some of them concern basic policy matters,
"Please request FCC to change the amateur
regulations , . . (Technician privileges)."
am appealing to you to support my petition
. , , (for more phone frequencies)." "What
are you going to do about this matter? . , .
(counterpart calls)."
While it is most flattering to have this
kind of input to Hq., it's not the way the
system is designed to work4 and thus not the
best way to achieve the results you want.
Despite what you may have read in
editorials elsewhere (usually critical of
A K R L and devoted to circulation-building
through appeals to dissension), it is still the
elected Board of Directors which sets League
policies. It is your representative, listed on
page S of this and every issue of QST* who
can most effectively translate your wishes
into action.
You and your fellow amateurs, that is.
Seldom is one letter or one view or one
proposal of sufficient immediately-recogni-
zable merit to gain instant acceptance. For
an action to materialize, it needs more than
one proponent or one supporter.
In fact, there are really two steps involved
in affecting League decisions. First, you
must convince your own director that what
you propose is meritorious. Second, and
equally if not more important, a majority of
the other 15 directors must carry similar
views, convinced by their members. A cer-
tain idea may be topmost in the minds and
desires of, say, the New hngland Division;
but if this feeling has not been expressed by
fellow hams in the Central, Pacific, Roan-
1 v - .• r - '
oke, Delta, etc., divisions, we Wis will make
no headway at all on our pet project.
The system is a pretty good one. As has
often been said, democracy is rather horribly
inefficient but it is still the best governing
procedure yet discovered. Those hepped
with a pet idea may chafe at its slowness,
and the "stupidity" of all the other members
who don't happen to agree; yet this is
built-in protection against precipitous (and
probably unwise) action promoted by a
small but noisy minority. League policies
can and do change, but'there must be some
indication of general support by the mem-
bership as determined by directors in their
individual divisions.
So communicate with your representative,
on your own or through, action by your
radio club. If your thoughts concern the
specialty areas of contests or vhf repeaters,
expose them to one or more members of the
advisory committees on those subjects
(details in ^Haps" last month) set up by the
Board for just this purpose. We'd appreciate
receiving a copy as information, certainly;
but the missive seeking action in basic policy
matters should go to the director or com-
mittee member.
The Board meeting is the first of May, but
even now is not too early to speak up. The
sooner you get an idea iti active discussion,
the better the chance for its full considera-
tion and — assuming its merits - eventual
adoption.
OUR NEW (?) LOOK
This issue of QST marks the first with any
substantial use of the new IBM composing
equipment installed in our Headquarters
earlier this year. Of course as we write this
we haven't seen the final results ourselves, so
perhaps we should hold our breath and cross
our fingers rather than say anything!
The concept of the system is hardly new,
but the gear became suitable to our needs
only with the recent switch to offset prin-
ting. it's computerized, and therefore a lot
.smarter than we are right now; with
adequate practice, we expect to turn those
tables, before too many later issues couie otf
the press. Meanwhile, like the lady shopping
in hair curlers, we may not look our best,
and this will be especially true during the
transition period where we're using some of
Ldch kind of type preparation.
We'd appreciate comments, pro and con.
Assuming, that is, you notice any difference.
 League Lines...

Another Oscar is upl On January 23, after numerous postponements, the VK-built
"Australia" satellite rode into sun-synchronous orbit aboard a Delta vehicle. Its
39 pounds contain both 29.450 and 144.05 Meg. telemetry emissions. We hope
you were prepared, at least heard it, hopefully undertook some qualitative measure-
ments — and reported them (Amsat, Box 27, Washington, DC 20044) to add to data
being collected. Why the past tense? Because the power source is expected to
last only about a month, so Oscar may be silent by the time you read this.

W1AX also went into orbit in January — copping the #1 5BWAS award. Quite an
accomplishment, especially acquiring all the cards in such a short time, but the
sort of thing you'd expect from OT Corey (you may remember him better as W1JYH).
Speaking of awards, three European stations — DL7AA, LA7Y and OH2YV — are
among the first 12 qualifiers for 5BDXCC.

When amateurs in Puerto Rico, Hawaii or Alaska, or in U.S. possessions, operate

portable or mobile, FCC says (in a letter to WB2LZJ) they are required to send only
the numeral of the call area in which they're operating, precisely in accordance with
Section 97.87 of the rules. That is, when KP4XX goes portable in areas under the
fourth, call district's jurisdiction, he signs KP4XX/4 whether he is across town from
the home QTH, in the Virgin Islands, or in North Carolina! No violation, of course,
if complete prefixes are signed to indicate portable location, as has been the cus-
tom for convenience in identification — especially in contests.

Several times the question has arisen whether it is permissible to make a videotape
of the new ARRL film, for convenience in later TV showings. By all means I Prints
are also available lor purchase in special cases — possibly by clubs, industry, etc.
— at $250 each.

Late delivery of January QST caused a few nightmares at Hq. We put copies in the
mail December 20-22 (west coast first, then working east) — so figure out how long
it takes the Post Office to get the magazine to you. A few complainants point out
they're getting other ham magazines "on time." Sure — they're mailing a week or
two earlier than they used to, which only means the copy deadline is that much ear-
lier and thus the news (if any) is that much older. VE7WL says even Canada has its
troubles; he had some second-class mail sent from 'Vancouver, a matter of about 75
miles, and it took 11 days; "it couldn't have walked," he says, "as there is water
In between.11

A broader League field program. A 3-man Board committee is currently studying ways
to broaden the traditional Communications Department field program (in which about
6000 members are currently Involved) to provide organized activities for members in-
terested in other specialty operating areas. Any ideas or suggestions, please?

ARRL Full Membership increased in 1969. Not much, admittedly — only tenths of a
percent — but that's the same order of magnitude of the losses we've had the past
couple of years. This development may startle, but probably won't stop, the "com-
petitive" magazine editors and other prophets of doom for amateur radio and the
League who claim we're losing hams in droves.

Quote-of-the-month, from "The Ontario Amateur" — "Our hobby comes in several

'delicious flavors' — DX, fm, rtty, traffic, building, experimenting, ragchewing,
etc."

10 QST for
 An Engineer's

B Y BUDOLT FISCHER.* DL6WD

__ _ « |

Front view of the receiver. At the tipper left from the tuning-dial
assembly it the receiver incremental-tuning control cmd the S meter,
and at the upper right is the afc loop sync, push button, Within the
dial assembly appear the dial counter in the window at the left, and
the phaie-lock meter indicator rn the window at the right (an edge-wise
meter Is used)* The home made dial was Inspired by the design used
in the HRO series of receivers.

iijb Article describes a solid-state receiver Block Diagram

T which utilizes a Kjmewhab unconventional

conversion principle for optimum overall
performance. Today's modern electronic com-
ponents were incorporated tor realization of thin
project, which offers the following highlight*;
1) Single-convention principle with very selec-
tive V-MHz crystal filters.
2) MOKFKT fmnt cud for go**! crrj»Mnodu-
Iation performance.
\i) Double-balanced diode mixer with hot
carrier diodes.
•1) Electronically tuned fmnl end using varicap
diodes.
5) Phase-lorbed precision-tuned hf oscillator.
6) Complete coverage of ail ham bands ICO
tlirough 10 meters.
7) Transceive output mikhuI 9 hills above the
received f l u e n c y plus receiver incremental
tunings
i$) Kxteusive use of linear integrated circuits
and toroidal inductors.
* HW24 NrrkarMnrhnfRtiritu, TurmrtraBte 27, Federal
Republic or Germany.
Fig. 1 shows the main layout of the receiver.
The tipper portion of the diagram is the basic
receiving syutem and the lower portion is used
for generation of the main conversion frequency.
The rf signal from the ant-pnna is amplified
in a cascode amplifier followed by a source
follower which provides impedance matching to
the fialanced diode mixer. The intermediate
frequency of U MHz is filtered by one of three
crystal filters selectable for a-m, 8sbt ur nw
reception and tlieu passes to a 3-stagu i-f ampin
fjpr, Separate demodulators for a-m and ssb/cw
art; provided. For ssb/cw reception a ciystal-
controlled BFO feeds the injected carrier to the
product detector, A part of the i-f signal is
amplified separately for age generation and for
the 8-meter circuit. The detected output passes
to a 2-watt audio amplifier which feeds a low-
Lrapedatice speaker or dynamic headsets. A
1.75-MHjs calibration oscillator can be switched
on for checking the Iow-frequen<;y band edges.
The receiver's main conversion oscillator is
a so-nailed V(X>, a volfa&e-controlled oscillator,

Described here is a totally solid-state instrument designed to have wide dynamic

range, freedom from spurious responses, and good sensitivity and selectivity.
While such features are certainly not uncommon in modern-day receiver*, the
author's method of received-frequency conversion is a novel one for the home
constructor! The high-frequency local oscillator, using a frequency-synthesis
techniquer is phase locked to a linear master oscillator operating at a much
lower frequency. This approach affords, with single conversion, the stability
and bandspread advantages of a dual- or triple-conversion receiver having a
crystal-controlled first oscillator and tunable first i - f , while the possibility of
Hbirdies" from mixing products is greatly reduced. Because the complexity of
a project such as this would prohibit its being undertaken by any but an experi-
enced amateur; fall construction information is not included; instead the author
concentrates on circuit details.

March 1970 11
 of ractivtr operation are shown between
appropriate blocks.
which in phase lorke i to EL Lower-frequency linear
master oscillator. This VOO is dimply a fit**-
running oscillator, the frequency of which de-
pends on the reverse dc voltage applied to a
varicap, which is an integral part of thp oscillator
tank circuit. The- VCO frequency can he voltage-
tuned through the range of frequencies u.l) to
(1,5 Mil* above the lower frequency limit of
the received ham band segment, Phaeu locking
in obtained in tiie following manner: The VCO
frequency in mixed with a crystal frequency 6.5
MHz hi her than the low-frequency end of t-h»
received baud. Tills resulto in an i-f of 5!JS to 3
MHz -.[with AOO-kHx hand coverage available
from this layout). This i-f signal passes through
a bandpass filter, is then amplified in a broad-
hand amplifier* and fed to a phase detector.
This phase detector gives a de error output
voltagu when the phases (and thus frequencies!)
of the i-f and IjMU signals are deviating from
each other, fn the phase-locked condition, any
frequency drift of the VCO causes an *rmr
voltage at tlie phases Je tec tor output, correcting
fclte VCO frequency within microseconds The
VCO frequency therefore follows exactly that of
the LMO, and perfect, stability is achieved
although the VCO operates at a much higher
frequency. This is culled an automatic frequency
control or afc loop.
By pressing the ftrws push button, the VCO
frequency in *w^i>fc through its Kpnet.ruin by a
ramp or low-frequency sawtout-h waveform volt-
age Locking to the LMO frequency is obtained
12
(1-8, 3-5 . . . 28-5, 29.0, or 29.5 MHz),
by the phase detector error signal at the moment
of phase coincidence.
Th« main advantage of this manner of fre-
quency generation is that the VOO be de-
signed for high spectml purity (or Low spurious
content), so problems associated with unwanted
mixing products arc reduced considerably. Broad
frequency roveragc wui be obtained by com-
bining a simple VOO and a crystal oscillator
to give the proper afc loop intermediate fre-
quency. The disadvantage of course jh the more
complex circuitry and higher cast. Commercial
frequency synthesiwrs ar« using this principle
to generate stable frequencies tip into the (ilia
range,
Fig*. 2 through 5 show the schematic diagrams
of the various parts of the rewivftr. Table I (page
IS) gives tlio data for constructing or selecting
the band-switched components. The following
paragraphs provide operational information
about each section of the receiver.
Rmceiver Front End
The rf signal coming from the tow-impedance
antenna is damped bv a pair of fast-acting
silicon diodes, which protect the receiver against
excessive signals from the station transmitter.
If the broad-hand signal voltages from the
antenna are in excess of 200 mVt which nfrver
iutpt>c!ied with the author's various antennas,
protection should be made iu another manner,
such as an rf attenuator, to prevent croso-
tuodulaiion effects.
QST for
 CASCODE AMP
ATTENUATOR ULVHQRK
0-40
EXCEPT At INDICATED, DECIMAL
VALUES OF CAPACITANCr ARC
IK MICROFARADS I jsFl ^ OTHERS
ARC IN PICOFARADS (pf OR j^P];
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHMS}
k<000»
Fig. 2—Receiver front end. Band-switched components are
enclosed in dashed lines* see Table I,
It—-Torold, 32 turns No. 32 enam. wire, center tapped.
wound on Indiana General Ferramic Q 2 core f
form CF102.
Lh—Toroid, 16 turns No. 32 enam. wire, center tapped.
Inductive coupling is iwed to the input
circuit, Winding ratios were carefully adjusted
with a norae generator- Input and drain circuits
are wound on separate ferrite toroid* for w h
hand and are leaked by small concentric trimmer
capacitor*. {fond tuning in done electronically
by two paralleled varicaps, completely eliminaU
ing the mechanical problems associated with a
ganged timing capacitor. Iteverse voltage of 0 to 6
volte is applied to the varicaps from the panel-
mounted I'ttus&ijKuTOR ittnb potentiometer.
When lining varicap diodes in a tuned circuit,
care should be taken that the reverse voltage
applied to the diodes is an order of magnitude
larger thaiL the pmk rf voltage aurona them.
Otherwise, curious efforts will be observed
when the rf voltage J nodulated the varicaps or
drives them into conductivity. T h e author timd
German BA.L39 varicaps from Siemens Company
for his receiver. These diodes offer a tftpamfianw
variation of 3 to kZU pF for a 30- to i-volt reverse
March 1970
wound on Indiana General Ferratnic Q 3 core,
form CFI02,
U—Toroid, wound over I0; 20 turns No, 32 enam, wire.
Ri—Dual control, each section 100,000 ohms linear
taper.
voltage, and a Q of about 400 at 30 M i l s . An
equivalent varicap should be the VC615 Kvinap
from Iiastron Corp., 25 Locust tit, Haverhill,
Mas*. 01830.
Having carefully chocked preamplifier per-
formance of transistor front ends, a cascade
configuration with two 3NT128 M O S F E T s was
chnewn. tta gaiu of 35 db at !i0 M i l z is by far
too high to be unable, but when it in reduced to
10 to 20 db by applying reverse age to tfie gate
of the tipper transistor, thin results in a crofti-
modulation characteristic comparable to vacuum
tubes. Measurements were performed with two
modulated signal generator?* 50 kHz apart; tlie
desired bignal wna 10 jiV and within the receiver's
Imndwidth. The interfering signal could be 11*
high as 100 mV before noticeable cross modula-
tion occurred. The gam-reduction voltage
derived from a resistor network around a double-
ganged potentiometer to get a nearly linear
calibration of 0 to 60 dB on this "attenuator."
13
 CRYSTAL 09C _

\ g^M PHASE LOOP MIXER E LOOP l-F AMP

frT

XCVR
OUTPUT

Kg. 3—Phate-locked mata-conversion-osciKator sytfem, L+^Ln—Torold, 4 0 turns No, 32 enam»wiref center tapped, L1.1—20 j^H; 4 2 turns No. 30 enom. wire doiewocmd on
Capadton wfth polarity indicated are electrolytic. Band- wound an fodiona General Ferramic Q 2 core, slug-tuned ceramic farmV£-inch dta. 1»indi long.
s w M n d component* are end«ed hi ckKhed Rnesi forn»CFl02. Ru—Receiver incremental tuning; 10,000-ohai 10»tum
s
g
B-

S
K]
O

exCCPT AS INDICATED, fiEGUML

VALUES OF CAPACrTAMCfi A F E
ft MGflOFAtt&SIJ|F); OTHERS
ME Ui PKCFAfUUfpPORj^Pi;
IttStfTAAttS M C Kit OHUfl{
16*1000.

Fig. 4—Intermediate-frequency system. Capacitor? with

polarity indicated are eLectrotytic. See text regarding
crystal band-past filters.
cn Li4t Lio, —Toroid, 28 turns No. 32 enam. wire, wound
on Indiana General Ferramic Q 3 core, form
CF102*
Lu, Ln, Lio—Torold, wound over L14, Lie, and re- Si—Miniature ceramic rotary, 3 sections, 9 poles, 5 posT-
spectively; 9 turn No, 32 enam. wire, Horn, non-shorting; 8 poles and 4 positrons used
(Centralab PA2029 or equiv.).

%
This eliminates an attenuation network at the
receiver's antenna input, as it is possible to reduce
preamplifier gab. helow unity.
An FKT Source follower provides matching
to the low-impedance balanced diode mixer,
which JB a RTIIK modulator. The mixer is driven
by a toroidal broad-band balancing transformer,
/.4, which covers 1,5 to HO MHx. A quartet. of
Hewlett-Packard hot-carrier diodes /if)K2-2350
was used for the ring modulator, but the less
expensive type &082-2800 was tested and per-
forms as weJl at these frequencies. These are
ultrafast switching diode* operating on majority
carrier conduction ami are perfectly suitable for
wide-dynamic-range mixer applications. It should
be noted that diode mixers have gain below unity.
Tn this layout, conversion loss was measured to
be around 8 dJ3, and proper impedance matching
in the mixer is of utmost importance M> a* not
to degrade the overall noise figure, The mixer
output is coupled through a tuned and balanced
transformer, which steps up the mixer impedance
of 300 ohms tn fiQOohnw to match the succeeding
crystal filters.
Mixer performance largely depends on ttie
lirive level applied to the diodes. A 4-mVV signal
irf delivered from the 'JN1013 power transistor
to the input transformer's center tap. Signal
levels up to WK) mV at the mixer's input can be
processed without noticeable crow-modulation,
in this front end, any en** modulation which
occurred originated from the preamplifier, and
not from the mixer. (I am »till looking for some-
one having experience with negative feedback
in a low-Rain MUHFRT c ascode amplifier.)
Dynamic range of the receiver w:w measured to
be around MO dB and sensitivity on all bands wa*
better than U.l JIV for a lU-dH signal-pli^-hob*?
to noise ratio for a 304?.~niudcilatrri a-m signal;
on two bauds it. was a» low a* 40 naimvolts.
The calibration oscillator utilizes an SN7400
quadruples A J I D digital 1C, having a square-wave
The rf assembly built into two ganged TV turret tuners
From left to right are the crystal oscillator, voltage-coo-
trolled oscillator, balanced diode mixer, and MOSFET
coscode amplifier. A set of bandiwitched components is
shown In front of the assembly.
16
Rear vitw of the receiver, showing
block construction and heavy
shielding. The large compartment
at the left of Hie chassis ts the rf
assembly. To the right of center
may be seen the four electrolytic
SPSS capacitors in the power supply.
The assembly forward of the supply
h the LMO.
HUSUINk
output of 5 volts peak-to-peak. Because of its
good Jong-term stability, a 1.75-MUi HC-37/U
crystal U used to check the low band edges. The
trimmer ici series with the crystal is for adjusting
it to the proper frequency.
To obtain the shortest leads to alt band-
switched components, the front end and the
phase-locked oscillator (described later) were
built into two gauged TV turret tuners- (See the
photograph below J
Phase-Locked Main Conversion Oscillator
The functional principle of the main conversion
oscillator was already discussed. More details
will be given here for the circuit shown in Fig, 3.
This system is completely self-working, providing
two output signals fur feeding the ruixer and for
tmnsceive purposes.
The crystal oscillator has a tuned collector
circuit with the crystal cvmueeted between the
transistor's base and ground. Heriea-resonant
crystals, regardless of whether fundamental or
overtone ones, can be used in this oscillator.
The vol tage-coutrolled oscillator is H simple
(Vilpitta, with the varicap in series with form-
ing u part of the tank cnpacttance. As deter-
mines the VCCVs tuning R U I H C , it is band-switched
together with the inductor and the varicap.
Using a i^*parate varirap for each hand was a
precaution with regard to VCO tuning capability,
hut proved not to be tiei-tMaiy. (The tuning
QST for
range of the VCO fo 8,5 to 10 MHz above the
received ham-band segment, thus leaving a
margin of 500 ktla on both sides.)
The VCO output passes to an isolation ampli-
fier and is then fed to the integrated-cirnuit VCO
amplifier. An *mp[itude-~fm|u£ncy correction
network nt the output of the 2N381B holds the
output level constant regardless of the baud
being used. The transneive output is capable
of delivering 250 mV rms into a 50-ohm load
at 3-dB regulation.
Frequencies of the crystal oscillator ami the
VCO are mixed in the CA3004 phase-loop mixer,
Un- The bandpass filter following the mixer
consist* of two inductively coupled toroidal
circuit* damped by parallel repistora to obtain
a flat passband from 2,5 to 3.0 Mils. Ui, an IC
broad-band amplifier having 35 dB gain, brings
the level up to 1.5 volts rms to feed the phase
detector.
The linear master oscillator is an EHJT Colpitis
timed by an old BC-221 variable capacitor. Only
80% of the capacitor** tuning range is used to
cover the 2.5- to 3.0-MQz range, and maximum
frequency error could be held below ±500 H*
with respect to linear dial markings Final adjust*
ment for linearity was made by trimming the
outer rotor plates. All capacitors in the tuning
circuit are 750-ppm/degree negative temperature
coefficient, resulting in ati overall frequency drift
below 5 ppm/degree for the complete amembly
at room temperature. The linaar master oscillator
would be difficult to duplicate without a fre-
quency counter being at hand; there are excellent
LMOs from Collins on the market.
Receiver incremental tuning is done during
receiving periods by a varicap fed from a 10-tum
Helipot, g ving 2 klla per revolution at midbamL
The piiase detector must be a broad-hand
version to cover the 2-fi- to tt.O-MIIz range.
Three inexpensive FKTs are used, the first to
obtain two LMO signal voltages ISO degrees out
of phase. The other two FETs amplify the
frequency to be detected up to 2 volts rms, and
the amplified signal is for] to the phast*s&nsing
diodes. Within th* so-called capture range, the
phase-detector output voltage is positive for
frequencies lower and negative for frequencies
higher than that of the LMO, graphically
plotted tliis is an Spsh&ped curv*s with the peaks
unly fractions- of a herbs on eittier side uf the
LMO frequency.
Only an i-f falling inside these close peaks
will generate an error output signal of the curruct
polarity t<» lock the afc loop. As this cannot
happen by itself, tuning into the rap turn range
must be done by another device, the ramp
generator. rrhe phase-detector output passes
through a simple inverting dc amplifier, the
output uf which feerjs the ramp generator, and
simultaneously feeds the cathode of the varicap
in the VCO. The ramp-generator output far>d&
the atiude of the mvn<* vnricap. Pressing the
SYNC push button nhorte the 100-MF electrolytic
capacitor in the ramp generator with a 100-ohm
resistor. Releasing the button start* the 2N91-1
March 1970
transistor to act as a constant-current source
which slowly charges this capacitor from + 6
towards —12 volts, thus forming a linear ramp
voltage. This ramp voltage tunes tlie frequency
of the VCO through its spectrum at a rate uf
approximately 500 kli^ per second, starting from
t.he low-frequency end. At the moment the afrv
loop i-f, which is also being swept through its
spectrum by this procedure, Mods to cross the
capture range of the phase detector, a negative
output voltage from the dc amplifier starte con-
duction uf tlie 2N132A transistor. Before, this
transistor was held below cutoff by the Zeuer
diode in its emitter* Its conduction now stops
the ramp voltage from rising any more, by
clamping it to a fixed level. This is the moment
the VCO locks iiu
Once locking haa been achieved after each
band change, the frequency of the VCO stays
like the "Rock of Gibraltar," even at 38 and
39 MHz. A small center^reading meter signalises
the locked condition. Note the series combination
of a 47-ohm resistor and a 100-pF electrolytic
Rear view of rf assembly showing from right to [eft the
afc loop mixer, VCO amplifier, and mixer driver amplifier.
Heat sinks with radial fins have been placed aver the
CA3018 IC and the 2N16I3 transistor.
capacitor at the dc amplifier's output. This
is a very important network to give the proper
time constant within the afc loop for low ptiase
jitter and good locking capability.
Of course the HY.VO push button might have
been replaced by a hand-change activated con-
tact, but it. was provided to demonstrate the
small difference in comparison with normal
receivers, and so it stayed them.
The UF System
The incoming i-f signals are filtered by high-
frequency crystal filters having a center frequency
uf U MHx. One of thrw high-performance filters
for a-m, ssb anr] cw reception U selected by the
mode switch. Trimmer capacitors at. the input
and output terminal of twh filter are provided
for adjusting passband ripple to minimum. The
mode selector switch with the crystal filters
positioned around it was built into a cupper box,
leaving only coaxial connectors emerging for the
cables to the mixer and i-f amplifier* It is very
important that, witiiin the box, two separate
17
 linear master oscillator assembly, with the BC-221 tuning
capacitor, reduction gear train and counter dloL Th»
phase detector circuit is construded on the bade panel,
and the afc loop i«f amplifier, on perforated board, is
mounted an top of the assembly.

Thanks to ttGA'a application literature, the

contact sections he used for input and output
terminal* with careful shielding between themt
and that all unused filter terminals be grounded
Otherwise, stopband attenuation would be deteiv
mined primarily by stray euupling around the
filters, and not by the filters themselves*
The crystal filters used by the author are
computer-designed laboratory models from a
German crystal manufacturer having baud-
widths of o.0t 2.4 and 0*4 kHz for a-m, ssb, and
rw reception, reapuctively. A total of 42 orystals
«re incorporated, giving 140-dB stopband attenu-
ation for the a-m and filters, and UU dB for
the cw tilter. Any 8-cryatal fitter designed for
1 adjusting the mystal frequencies to the desired
Jow insertion low and having a gmxl «hape factor
will do well in such a receiver.- A very important
aspect: stopbaud attenuation of the tilteis should
be larger than the receiver'a dynamic range!
1 (jarnftil nuiupartmenttfhieldinffBAd double-shielded
intercnoiiuotinjc coaxial cables nre required in order to
rrolis* thp benefit* of xtopband attenuations of the nut|>
mtiide L>y the author. In practice, <*VFH with
c.'urefuL physical Layouts,fehieldin*to provide ftrantar than
V0- or HHHlB isolation between input and output circuits
it difficult to obtain. — Editor.
2 Bui table V-MH* crystalfilters.manufactured by KVG
in Wert Germany, are available in the UJ3, from Mr.
Henry Ingwaraea, Bpectruminternational, Topslietd, Mam*
01088.— Bdtior
TABLE I
i-f amplifier could be built easily with linear in-
tegrated circuits. A 3-stage amplifier using
CA3004* gives a B5-dB voltage gain, where the
first two amplifier staged are controlled by either
manual or automatic gain control. Tuned toroidal
transformer* are used for interstage coupling and
impedance matching.
The last i-f amplifier feeds both the envelope
detector for a^m signals and the product detector
for ssb/ow reception. The crystal-controlled BFO
was built around a HN914 translator. A 1.7-vult
rms signal is delivered to the product detector
fur optimum performance. A trick used to select
the appropriate BFO ciystal for lab, usb or cw
operation hi electronic remote switching, by
gating uue uf the three diodes in series with
the crystals, rieriee trimmers are provided for
point on the filter skirt,
A part of the i-f voltage is picked up after
the 2nd i-f amplifier, amplified 40 dB in the age
amplifier CA3035, (Jto, and rectified by a voltage
doubler, This age voltage is fed via a gate diode
to the UN38iy source follower, which provides
gain control of the 1st And 2nd i-f amplifier stages.
The gate of this transistor can be switched from
the age bigual to the manual gain potentiometer.
The available receiver muting voltage uf —101J
volts i* clamped by a Zener diode acid fed to a
bttcond gate diode to shut down the receiver
during transmitting periods. The 100-kU potent

Band
Cw*
fPllflU iSO so V 16 jOiAtkrmiQkD)

la 6 turns \ Fertamitt b turnsI Fwnumc 3 tarns 1 Ferrsmlcmtarns) FpTrsmie 1 tarns ] Fermmic ltf turns] Femmlc
U JS7 turns .1toraid AS turns) toroid 80 tarns } taroid Iff turns} tomid 10 tains} toroid Stems J tonud
Ci 10—Qtl-pF trimmer 10—6u-pF trimmer i—30-pF trimmer 3—WtpP trjmmpt 9UpF trimmer ii>-pF trimmer
u tST turns, <J?-toroM03 tarns, *toraid 30 turns. Qfr—tocoid16 turns, 43—taraid10 tarns, i^taroid 8tarns,V|3^tnrald
0. 10—MLpF trimmer 10-nW-pF trimmer 3—3U-pF trimmer 8—30-pF trimmw 2—20-pP trimmer 2<—2U»pF trimmer
hr* 38 tarns 33 turns 40 turns 24 turns IB turns 14 turns
Ci 47 pF 47 pF MpF 10 pF 10 pF 10 pF
Ck 470 pF 470 pF SU0 pF 120 pF 120 pF 120 pF
Ios* 20 tarns 22 turns 19 tarns 14 tarns 12 tarns 10 tarns
Ci 33 pF 26 pF 18 pF 10 pF ftp? UpF
CI 27 pF 27 pF *7pF 27 pF 27 pF ttpF
Cs WpF 37 pF 15 pF 10 pF ApF
ft SJMHj 10.0 MH* lajjMHi 20JMHS 27JS MBs (A) 34JMHs
XS.0 "
(H)
(C)XM n
<D)3M H
* L7 and Lis an* wound on shaft-tuned phenolie forms H-in. dia, Ion*. Tuning i* done «n ISO- ntud 80- meter
bends by high-p slug win*, on 40- through 10-ineteT bands by low-j* slues. Ail inductors are wound with enameled No. 32
wire. Torrid* are wound on Indiana General Ferramk QS or Q3 coirs* farm CF102,

18 QST for
 OJCV
PYNAWC
HEADOT

as?
OCEpr AS INDICATED, DECIMAL
YAWLS OF CAPACITANCE AHZ
ty MC IROFARADS ( JiF) i OTHERS
S^IODjtf AUC IN PKOrAPADSlpF OR jjiFi;
FROM m "
RESISTANCES ARC IN OHMS;

O
DETECTORS \t) INM5 Y-WOO,
fig, 5—Audio amplifier. Capacitors with polarity In-
ttlA oOfP dicated are electrolytic.
LUIITEft
here for simplification. \ transformer with two
Liometer in set for a convenient level during IK-volfc secondary windings foods two bridge
transmit ling periods. rectifier* and two 10,000-juF filtering capacitors
The age voltage is fed simultaneously to faj obtain positive and negative supply voltage*.
another 2N3819 KJiT which is * dc amplifier Knur Zf*netv*tabilized series regulators deliver
with a bridged S meter. The re»iakjr-<liode outputs uf — 12, —H, +6, arul +12 volts. Atten-
network in series with the meter provides linear- tion should be paid to residual hum, which
ity. A 50-/tV signal ai the antenna input was should be kept below 2 or y niV. Total power
fixed to b« N9, and a fairly linear calibration of drain of the receiver is less than 20 watte.
5 dB per S unit could be obtained. Mechanical Layout
When the receiver i* operated with age, a
100-mF capacitor is switched in, giving a faat- When constructing a receiver of this complex-
attack, slow-decay characteristic, with a dei/ay ity, on* never knows beforehand whether a
time constant of 5 ftjeonda, When the receiver is specific new circuit will work satisfactorily or not
switched to manual gain control, a scale with a (and several did not!). Separate blocks for the
calibration of 0 to 20 dB is wed. The receiver is [Continvf fi on prttfA 66)
then run in the linear amplification mode, and
the dynamic range is slightly higher than 20 dB.
That is totfay,for Lhe linear mode (mgc) and the
logarithmic mode (age) two different calibrations
on the meter are used
Audio System and Power Supply
Little need be said about the audio system,
which is equipped with German transistors
from Siemens Company. A TAA-I21A integrated-*
circuit audio amplifier drives a pair of comple-
mentary transistors capable of delivering 2 watts
of audio power into a low-impedance speaker or,
at reduced level, to a dynamic headset. The rift-
ohm variable resistor across the bases of the
complementary pair is for adjusting their idling
current tu 10 mA. The 1-MQ resistor in the
feedback path is adjusted for minimum audio
distortion in the integrated-circuit preamplifier,
A very simple noise limiter can be switched in if
needed.
Details on the power supply will be omitted

A view underneath the main chassis. At the upper end

of the receiver is the heavily shielded copper box
containing the crystal filter* and the mode selector switch.
In Hie center is the 1-f system with the cover removed.

March 1970
 High Versus Low Antennas
Performance Tests Using Identical Arrays
B Y W A Y N E E. O V E R B E C K / K 6 Y N B
" f n p t i m higher the better" ifl the traditional
I rule of thumb for ham radio antennas.
P«w amateurs would disagree with this
axiom, and most experienced antenna builders
ran rerall how much better thny "jjjot o u t "
after "raising the beam another 15 feet/' How-
ever, few empirical studies of the effect of antenna
height on signal strength have heen published in
amateur circlet*.
This is unfortunate, since several amateurs
have studied the question methodically, including
J. K. Lindsay, who has now published his
definitive treatise on quads and YagLs1 but not
liib excellent work in this area. And while both
The AMM.U Antenna Book and Or/a tSmm
Anienvv Handbook1 discuss the importance of
antenna height in theoretical terms, neither re-
ports the retails of practical studies in the Held.
With Ihis in mind, the author set out to study
the effect of height on signal strength at various
distances, un several bnudj^ and with various
forms of propagation. Only amateur equipment
was available for the study, but in other renpecta,
the author strive! to keep the methodology as
rigorous a* possible.
The Method
The author's approach was in erect, identical
antennas atop two towers of different heights
" * 115fi2~Octil Lent, Garden GTOVC> Cnlif. U2WK~
1
Lindsay, " Quads ami VnKifl." QHTm Mey, HUM,
*Orrf William. 1., Beam Antenrvt ffntufb3rd edition. quite comparably to changes in their height.
• 4»
X well. Thus, separate tabulations were kept for
and obtain comparative signal reports—with
jsume ^safeguards to minimize reporting errors and
to a*ture proper statistical treatment for the
resulting data. For the tnain testa, une tower wa*
72 feet high (the practical maximum for the
author** residential back yard at the time of the
testa), while the other stood 34 feet high (about
the minimum usable height for UX work, ac-
cording to Orr). The two towers were placed as
far apart as possible without trespassing — about
50 feet, With this separation, no interaction was
evident on any band.
A pair of two-element cubical quads were
selected for the 16-, and *JU-meter experi-
ments. Each had an eight-foot boom with all
elements mounted concentrically on two sets of
npreadera, and each antenna was fed with a
single feed line <85 feet of MJt-8/U in both case*).
T
l*hifl design obviously involves some compromises
in pigment spacing and impedance matching, but
both quails developed good MWR curves and
front^to~bauk ratios when tuned. And, more
important- for our study, whatever compromises
existal were essentially the same for both the
high atid low antennas.
It became apparent during the teste that many
amateur* regard cubical quads as exceptional
performers at tow height*, but (unlike Vagisj
not much better if raised higher. This popular
impression is contrary to Lindsay's findings,
which suggest- that quads and Yagis respond
Accepting Lindsay's conclusions, we assumed
that our findings would be roughly the same if
Yagis had been used for the primary experiments*
The author wanted to determine how well
high and low antennas would perform not only
on D X work, but on "tfLaUmde" /Mayer oom-
nuinications, ground-wave work, and £r«kip aa
D X reporta (i.e., those from stations more than
4000 miles away) and for report* from "State-
side" stations (i.e., &'-layer reports over 1900-
3000-mile patiw) on each frequency ban<Ls The
author was careful to avoid seeking reports
* No lO-mcter "Stato«f<fo" teat* nra T*purted because the
muf wan too low for reliable tf*Uycr work across the U.S.
when thew te*t* w«n> nixu
Shown here art the two cubical quads wed by Hie
author to study the effects of antenna height on per*
formance. The antenna at ri(;ht Is.atop a 34-foot tilt-over
mast described by the author In June, 1969, QST.
The quad at loft Is on a 72-foot tower.
QST for
 This article compares the performances of Identical antennas mounted side
by side at differen t heights, and produces some experimental evidence to support
the practical importance of antenna height for most types of amateur radio
communication.

during anything that resembled an E-skip
opening on 10, 15, and 20 meters in the interest
of studying E skip vs. antenna height separately
on 6 meters.
To study the effect of height on vhf ground-
wave signals, the author replaced the cubical
quads on the two towers with two pair* of seven-
element 2-meter Yagis, each fed hi phase with
ratio-dipoie driven elements. A move to a new
home prevented the use of the mtm two towers
for 6-meter experiments, but the author later
set up two three~eleixLeut 6-meter Yagis— one
atop a new 90-foot tower, and the other on a
42-footer — to continue the study.
On each band, the tests were con ducted on
&sb (except on two meters, where a-m was used),
with an audio tone serving as a reference signal.
The author switched between the high and low
antenna* repeatedly on each test, iu an effort
to counteract the effects of QSB.
This tent procedure does introduce *ome
Hources of error, including the variability uf
hams1 skills in observing the results, and the lack
of receiver H-meter standardization. To cope with
this kind of sampling fluctuation, the author
obtained a number of reports on each band and
then used ^distribution statistical methodology
to evaluate the resulting data. However, even
with these effort* to make the study as rigorous
as possible, the author make* no claim to finality
for the result obtained. The findings on each
band did prove to be statistically significant (at
the .05 level of significance or better), but you
don't "prove" thin^ or arrive at exact parap
meters t his way. The only claim the author makes
for his results is that titcy suggest general trends
that will probably be confirmed if this study is
replicated elsewhere. There is no implication
here that a 72-foot-high antenna produces
"12-dB gain" over a 34-foot-hig]h antenna in
20-meter OX work just because the mean
advautage iu our tests was about 2 3 unite in
this instance.
Tiee Results
The results of these tests, summarised in the
accompanying table, were interesting in several
respects. With the exception uf one case on 10
meters, every single 1>X station reported a sub-
stantially better signal from the high quad than
the low one. This is thoroughly predicted in the
literature, but we also found that the high quad
produced a significantly stronger signal (talong
the mean, or average, figure) on ''Stateside"
work. And on ground-wave work, the high
antennas were absolutely consistent in out-
performing lower ones, However, iF-*kip contacts
proved to be another story, a paint to be covered
in detail later. The mean advantage of the high
quad over the law quad in OX work was 2.1
3 units on 20 meters, 1.8 S units on 15, and one
8 unit on the 10-meter band.
Since the author's linear amplifier (a commer-
cial unit using two 3-40QZs) produces a signal
gain of about two S units over the exciter alone
on most S meters, it became apparent that many

Comparative Performance Data for High and Low Antennas.

No. No. No. Mean

No. favoring high favoring low Teiwrting high-antenna
Band/path reports antenna antenna no difference advantage

20/DX 16 16 0 0 2.1 8 unite

ao/UA IS 15 0 3 1.4 S units
15/DX 12 12 0 0 1.8 S units
15/U.S. 36 20 0 16 0.9 S units
15/ground-
wave 12 12 0 0 2.2 S unite
10/DX 8 7 0 1 1 Sunifc
6/grotmd-
wave 5 6 0 0 2 S units
6/Mrip 10 2 7 1 —1.3 S units
2/ground-
wave 16 16 0 0 3.3 8 unite

March 1970 21
DX stations could nut distinguish the kilowatt down. As the lower ascended to its full height,
feeding the lower quad from the exciter •'bare- the nigoal rose from 88 to lo dB overfciOuu a
foot" with the higher array. The implications popular tratw<!8Lver,R S meter.
of this dramatic difference in signal strength for Un six meters, only a few ground-wave tests
l)X-contest operations are obvious; it's no were conducted, but the rtaidts were similar:
wuudor the "big guns" using anUmtutt 1,'iO feet everyone favored the higher antenna substan-
high get through the pile up* quickly, with or tially.
without big linears.
On dfcateside A-layer work, the pattern was U»s 6-Meter E-Skip Teste
consistent, ,-Uthoiigh the high sirray continued However, on &-meter hi skip an entirely differ*
to hold a significant edge. While a majority of the ent relationship developed: thefouttrantenna had
reports still favored the high quod by one or the advantage in seven out of ten tests during
two H unite, more than a third of the stations single-hop openings.* Only one station favored
dissented, reporting equal or virtually equal the tiigh antenna, and the low array had a mean
signals from the two quads. No one reported a advantage of 1.3 H units over the high array!
Granger signal from the lower antenna, perhaps Although this finding is surprising and contrary
bccausts of the authors effort to avoid ftstkip to every other test conducted, it is consistent with
contacts in ibis phaso nf the study, The ninan the one previous practical study of antenna
itdvantage of the liigher quad was L I 6 uidts uu height vs. signal strength tho author cnuld
i!0-metortftatenidowork, and 0.9 ri unit ou 15 — locate in ham radio literature. Working in tho
still a substantial advantage, but not enough to late HHOH, Leroy May7 set up identical si*-meter
render a low antenna useless for portable work, Yugis at heights of 35 and 75 feet, and compared
as gfiuM'ation* of Field Day operators can attest. .'!5t) received signals on the two arrays. He found
In fact, the* author previously de*nribed a that the Low array was superior for distances
portable quad4 that stood only 10 feet high, but below 1000 miles while the higher array began to
nevertheless worked wry well for "back-home" pull ahead ist distances exceeding 1100 miles.
contact* during a Long vacation. An antenna The author uvula no attempt to fully replicate
only l\) feet high is clearly iiiuiesiruble, but if May's work, but all of our 6-meter &*kip expe-
higher antemias are not feasible, much s< rience supports him: for contacts into many
cmsful hamming can sull be done. (This is major cities from greater IJOS Angeles, a high
specially true on an occasion like Finld Day, antenna is a handicap 1 Much to his chagrin, the
when almost everyone1* antenna is low, and the author ha* frequen tly seeu his 90-foot-iiigh
few beams that are 40 or more feet high seem to Yagi outperformed on 6-meter IS skip by a beam
dominate the band*; if the competition is using fitting 10 feet above ootnebody's roof on a T V
a low antenna you nan too!) mast.
Ground-vara Teetm ConcluMionm and Recommendations
Although the plan was to study the effect of It is customary when reporting a study such
antenna height on ground-wave communication as this to conclude by summarizing the findings
only on vhf bauds, a number uf stations within and making some itwommoiidations. The con-
100 mile* volunteered reports on the hf bauds. clusion here must be that, for every application
These reports were not tabulated except on to except E - h k i p work, there are worthwhile advan-
meters but they consistently favored the higher tages in having an antenna at least 70 feet high.
array by at least two S-unito. This height advantage is most pronounced on
fn tho vhf experiment*, height again proved ground-wave and long-haul OX work.
derisive for ground-wave work. On both two and The only logical rccummondation we can make,
sue meter*, every station favored tlie high anten- then, is that all hams should own towers 70 feet
na. On two meters, the mean advantage was an high. May all of the XYLs, frightened neighborsp
amazing XM S-unitw. Surprisingly, the higher hill-col lectors, and aoning-conscious city officials
array appeared to be equally superior mi coutacts of the world forgive us!
with dan Bernardino- Kiverside stations (Home
Alternately, maybe we should suggest that all
30 miles from Beaumont, Calif,, where these tests
hams (except the author) use 35-foot towers to
were conducted) and on contact* into the Los
give the author a better chance in OX contests.
Angeles basin (almost 100 miles away.)4
Or better yet, how about un autenna-height
After moving and acquiring the 00-foot Lower, multiplier fur the L)X contests? tact's see, that's
the author put a single seven-element 'J~mcter 1.5 if your antenna Is below 75 feet*, 2.0 if it's
Vagi up and took an ri-meter reading on a below 10 feet, and 3.0 if you bury it in the
nearby repeater with the new lower cranked ground. . . . fig
~Ovftrboolt, "The20-UinuUi Fortahle Quad/' QST. May,
IUS7. 9 At the t(mo of thett-motertents,8 skip W M harciy "in
6 On the hf IMMIIH, it is itoriaaUy anftumed t.hat a. high <ie&tton," 'Php author in continuing this study dwinz B(4MQOS
autenna ha* a greater advantage over a low antenna on of mor? frrqiibitt /i'-sklp op^niivs.
loTift-Jiftnl DX than it tiae* on shorter paths* hut t.h* (ippunite 7 May, " ISotw kVaotlcal Rosults oti tho (jUttttiOA of
may \p*U ha true for vhf grotind-wav* work, Thia is Antenna Ucifftit,1' CQ, April. 1953.
jfugjpftt.Ni in Urn X H H L Afantfni, <|sb niition*
page* 24 and 24). ThuM, one would expect that an increase
in bright would result m greater improvtimi'nb in signal* Use your Zip code when writing AHRL. Use ours,
ov«t tho HO-miifl path than over the KW-raila path. too. It's 06111.

22 QST for
 BY KATASHI NOSE*. KH6U

oke crank-up towers can become lethal

S instruments or cause severe injuries. I had
been hearing of crank-up tower accidents
for a number of yearn, the moat commou being
from runaway cranks and stuck towera.
An unnerving experience with a rtuck tower,
just a few weeks before a similar accident befell
one of our most well-known amateur*, made me
wonder how many other uupublicizod accidents
of a similar nature take place. Certain federal
agencies do not approve of crank-up towers be-
cause of these Hangers.
The Booby Trap
Consider a simple crank-up lower using an
inexpensive boat winch UB shown in the photo-
graphs. When cranking down the tower the
safety ratchet rnuat be disabled, otherwise the
cable cannot be paid out. If the handle should
slip out of hand in this position, it is liable to
"windmill" The reflex of most people ia to
grab the rotating handle, which can injure you
Fig, 1—Lead cord through bracing structure to that
severely, resulting in lacerations or most likely the weight pulls the latch lever from Position 2 to Position
a broken wrist, 3 as it falls. Position I, not used; Position 2, Neutral;
* Department of Physic*, University uf Hawaii, 256fi Position 3 f crank-up.
The Mall, Honolulu. Hawaii, 96822.

Fig. 2—Another model of tower* Lead cord between

housing so that a direct pull will cause the ratchet to
slip into the crank-up position.

March 1970 23
 The other inherent dancer in inexpensive
towers without roller guides is that thr»y are
likely to get stuck in the must unlikely positions.
If this happens when the tower is far from the
nestled iKisitiou the cable becomes slack, and
one immediately senses that something is wrong.
However, if the inner section geId stuck near
the completely nestled (crauked down) position,
the cable become* black and the immediate
reaction is to assume that the lower is i*»inptetaly
cranked down. During a shake-down pruces* of
a newly installed tower, my tower got stuck only
11 inches from the completely nestled position.
The cable became alack and 1 assumed that the
tower was completely cranked down. I happened
to glance down at the safety atop and noticed
that the inner section had not come to rest
against the bottom stop. A slight push against
the inner section caused it to fiecome unstuck
and it crashed down into position. If my hands
had beef) inside the tower, £ would have been
injured. It was determined later that a balun
from the low-frequency antenna had become
pinched in a precarious position against the
rung? and that a slight shove dislodged it.
The more expensive crank-up towers with
worm-gear winches are not subject to this failing
since the sections are "loaded" At all times.
Th« winch pulls down on the ,wctionst the wind-
lass drum merely paying out the cable uu uiie
end and taking up on the other end,
A Can for Stun-Away Crank Handles
The common boat winch has three positions,
only two of which are used, the other being
downright dangerous. l a one position the ratchet
prevents backlash and tiiis in the position used
for cranking up the tower. Some amateurs I
know of disable the ratchet when cranking up
because of the noise it makes* This is oidy asking
for trouble.
The other extreme position of the ratchet is
unused, and is dangerous because if the ratchet
accidentally slips into this position when crank-
ing down the lower, the crank will stop suddenly
and the handle is liable to slip out of hand.
The chances are pretty good that when cranking
up or cranking down a tower we are pretty
much under stress — e,g., high wind, rain, storm,
or we have sweaty or greasy hands, and are in
a hurry.
la the mtdposition, the ratchet is completely
disabled. This is the position used to crank
down the tower, and the position you have to be
careful about. If the handle should slip out of
hand it will windmill. One cannot reach for the
ratchet handle since it will be behind the wind-
milling handle. The chances are pretty good
that the tower will come crashing down into the
nestled position.
A simple cure is to tie a string to the ratchet
handle, guiding the xtring so that a direct pull
on it will engage the ratchet in the crank-up
position. Tie a rnrk or weight to the end of the
string so that the falling weight will puil the
string and snap the ratchet into position.
24
In practice, one holds the weight in one hand
and work* the crank. with the other. The string
should be lung enough to allow free motion of
the crank-up hand, yet short enough to eiigagp
the ratchet in a tniuhaum amount of time. U
the handle slips, let the weight drop (purposefully
or by reHex) and it will tug on the striug and
snap the ratchet into the safety position.
Tests have shown that the tower falls about
two inche* before it locks into position. This
scheme is shown iri the illustrations for two
different models of winches.
Those of the older generation who used to
haud-crank Model " T " Kords with the spark
timer in the advanced position will appreciate
the danger of "wiudmiliing" crank handles.
JVo Curs /or Stuck Towerm
I cannot think of a simple way of rectifying
the ''stuck tower" danger other than to suggest
that one tie sure to observe that the bottoms of
the inner sections have come to rest completely
against the safety stops. I now jam. a stout piece
of wood into the rungs of the tower even in the
completely uestled position, and have become
suspicious to the point of testing it with a stick
of wood before l<ouehing the tower.
As an added precaution 1 place a coiled spring
similar to that used in automobiles at the bottom
of the tower to absorb the shock should every-
thing else fail despite all these precautions. lOBTH
Appendix:
(a) Two bricks fall at the same rate as one brick; Le.,
there i* no point in using a heavier weight ttian
nereasary to snap the ratchet into place when
the weight U dropped.
c,b} If the moment of inertia (/) of the lutndle can be
increased, we <>-aa gain time so that the tower
forks into place with a minimum fait.
/ = my*
Where: / = moment of inertia (neglecting
the weight of the nrin.
m « added mass (weight)*
r length of crank arm.
increasing the length of the arm is much more
effective but ia not practical* while mcrftarina the
maw is. insert on the rrank handle a piece of metal
(lead, bras*, iron) with a hole in the center vhowa.
wm
SWITCH
TO SAFETY I k >1
7 DFF
QST fat
 Th* pockagad unit is built on Hie original chassis of thv
"DC 80-10" receiver, May 1969 QST. A home-made
cabinet encloses the equipment, and consists of two
U-shaped pieces of aluminum which are held together at
the sides by means of 4-40 hardware and 1-inch wide
aluminum strips. The speaker is visible at the upper right
of the photo*

Packaged QRP for 3.5 and 7 MHz

B Y DOUG DEMA W , * W1GER

HP. popularity of the QRP equipmenl de- This makes two-band operation possible without

T scribed in May and June I9fi9 QST1

prompted this writer to combine the trans-
mitter and receiver units in one package. Home
the need for substituting a jumper plug for the
converter on X0 meters.
A three-position function switch, Si9 changr*
refinement were added — af amplifier itnd the mode fmm reraive to transmit in its first,
speaker, band-change switch, priii U-d-circuit two positions. In <he third posilion, MONITOR,
transmitter board, send-receivo switching, and the antenna is removed from the receiver, arid
a cabinet for the entire trans-remver mteembly. the receiver operates as a c?w monitor.
All components except the power supply are The June QST transmitler — originally built
Assembled in one cabinet. on an aluminum chassis — in assembled 011 an
etched-rircuit board." It is switched from 8,5 to
7 M i l s by means of ASV One switch section select*
The New Circuit
the appropriate output frnqivmcy. The remaining
The diagram of Fig. 1 ix shown in block and switch section, Smf adds HII 820-pF capacitor
schematic form to avoid repet ition of the original, acros* the driver collector coil during operation
and unchanged, QST circuits. Wherever circuit on WO met era. The crystals are changed at the
modifications u t addi tions have bee11 i nude, front, panel,
schematic illustrations are used. A fixed-value muslor, /?jf is substituted for
The toroidal af filter Iius been chmged from the lUUU-ohtn af gain control in the original
phone-band selectivity, 2,3 kHz, to Hub U7 for receiver circuit. This provides a tenniuution for
cw use* This hs done by replacing the the toroidal filter. Stage Q\y the audio amplifier
shunt capacitors arrows the toroid cecils wit h of the oripnal receiver, is modified as shown
QA7-pV unite, Since the filter is much sharper in Pig. 1. A sucond stage of audio amplification,
with the new SOO-IIK peak frequency, cw re- Q^ follows Q], and ha* a gain control, ifa, in its
ception is vastly improved. I Greater insertion base circuit. Tt was found desirable to have the
loss resulted from sharpening up the af filter, so af gain wntrol after Q\ to improve the noise
an additional stage of audio amplification, Q%t figure of the receiver, With h'2 ahe:id of Q\t the
was added. noise generated by tended to mask the re-
A band-change switch, permits switching ceived signal at low af gziin settings. Decoupling
between the main portion of the receiver i&j> to networks have been placet) in the 12-vv»lt leacia
4 MHft) and the 40-meter plug-in converter. to A*, Qu and Q'lw and consist of two iOQQ-ohm
* kmStaat Technical Editor resistors and two &G-/JP plectmlytic capacitors
2Tlie traaMoittercircnil-board template and p&rtA layout
'"The DC 80-10 Receiver," May "The
ii\i a MO." gsTt .Tun* are available from AJUtL Lor 26 cent* and a

This portable cw trans-receiver operates from 12 volts etc, delivers nearly 2 watts
of transmitter power to the antenna, and has receiver performance that is com-
parable to many superheterodynes- Peak current drain, with both the transmitter
and receiver operating simultaneously, is approximately BOO milliamperes*
It can be operated from the car battery, from a sixe-D flashlight-cell pack, or
from an ac-operated 12-volt dc supply.

March 1970 25
 AF OUTPUT

AF
PREAMP AFAMP
HPS-A-SO

"If a AT

x
no!
02.
EXCtn AS WCC i OTO.OCOfcAL VAJJC5 OF
CAPACrA
i KCE ARE I* WICttWKK; t Jir J: BOTTOM VE
.' Kr
C7HEP3 AFt tfc <pF O>
f igif); UOOfieO riLTEK
accs'ANce* mre NI ONUS* P
' AI»T Of 42 j

Fig, 1 —Circuit arrangement of the QRP package. Artows indicate *he direction of signal travel. Polarized capacitors are
electrolytic. Fixed-voluo capacitors are disk ceramic or mylar.
Ai—May 1969 OS7 DC 80-10 converter (40 meters). R*— 1G00«ohm linear* to per control (optional).
A2—May 1969 QST DC 80-10 main receiver board, $.—3-pole, 3-position rotary fwftdv phenolic insulation,
A*—June 1969 GST QRP 80-40 transmitter (built on pc single section, nan-shotting.
board). St—Dpdt toggle.
Ji—Gosed-circuit phone Jock 5s—Dpdt single-section phenolic wafer switch.
Ri—10,000-ohm oudio-taper control with spst switch. Ui—Motorola IC audio ompfifier (HEP-593 or MC-
1554G).

The networks prevent the irvotorboatia^ and
howl caused hy feedback along th« supply teida
when decoupling is not used.
The emitter of Q<> has no bypass capacitor,
to allow the Htajce to bo degenerative. This ait*
down on fch* * a n d provider just t-hfi
right level of audio for driving the sucsceeding
btage, Uu Qt w * low-cost Motorola plastic
transistor. Almost any npti audio transistor can
be used at. do don't he afraid to make a
•substitution, Tim w not true of Q\, however,
since the 2N3301A is desired for Jow-noise
audio amplification. However, other low-noise
af npn types can be uaed at
\ transformerless l-w&lt 1C audio output
rttase, U if drives a 4-inch speaker (S ohms J.

26 Q S T i o r
 Looking at fhe top of the than!)* As,
the transmitter, it mounted at the upper
right. Converter Ai is at the lower
right of the chassis, and af amplifier
Ui is visible at the lower left of the
cltassls. The large circuit board occupy-
ing the upper left portion of the chassis
is As* The speaker lack is just to the
left of Hie converter. The dug-tuned
coil shaft on the rear lip of the chastis
is part of a bc-band wave trap that
was added to cut down on overload
from a nearby a-m station.

'fhe version shown bore is built on an etched-
rirnrit board. Approximately 40 mV of signal
w needed to drive U\ to full rated output; Q\
and Q2 sfttinfy that need. A ringed-circuit head-
phone jack, J), disconnects the Hpeaker when
the phone» are plugged in, Low-impedance phones
will give the mn*t output, but 2000-ohm plumes
provide ample headphone level despite the mis-
match they present.
Mechanical Changes
The transmitter board3 is mounted in the open
comer of the receiver cha/suis, near the front
panel. A crystal socket and band switch are
mounted above the board on the pone], Standoff
pnstfl, inch high, support the transmitter
above the cha&ds.
In this model, stage <h fr built on a small eight stal-es wore worked on 80 meter», and 10
circuit board and is mourned at right angles tu
the board upon which f / j is built. There is no
reunon why and f'i cannot he built on a
common circuit board if the constructor so
desires.
An on-off switch for the 12-volt input line to
the unit hna been added to This feature is
useful if a battery supply is used with the
equipment.
An rf gam control, /?at is visible an the front
'Thefcr*n*raittercircuit, hwnI in AVHrlabln fmm Staf-
ford Electronics 427 ft Henhow HcL, Ur*wi*bnrop N.C, operation, Meanwhile, the crystals will continue
24701-
pancl of the composite unit. It cuiisista of a
iOQQ-ohra control between the untenna and
chassis ground, The movahle arm of the control
connects to the input line to the receiver section.
It was found useful when receiving very strong
local signals, but fnr all practical purpose* can
be left out of the circuit.
A home-made aluminum cabinet encloses the
trans-receiver. The speaker mounts on the top
surface, and plufp iuto a phono jack which is
located near the plug-in converter.
Concluding Comments
It is hoped that- the reader will not be skeptical
about the potential offered by QltP gear, The
first weekend the packaged unit was in service
states were garnered OIL 7 MHz, The antenna
was an end-fed 128-foot wire tiuied with an Ti
network. The inwest report received was RHT
05!). The average report was UST 579, atid
several reports of fiUfl were obtained. The prime
virtue needed for QltPing fe patience. It helps
to call CQ too!
A VFOron trolled version of this equipment
is in the works at this time. It will appear in
a subsequent Issue of Q&T. Often, a VFO is
the required common denominator for low-power
to get a goud workout] lOffF-^

Very little hot been changed under the

chassis from the original DC 8 0 - 1 0
layout. The function switch, Si, is
mounted on the front Hp of the chassis,
just to the right of Hie ceramic trimmer,
rhe IC audio amp, t/i, is located at
Ihe lower right, and is mounted over a
cut-out area of the chassis.

March 1970
 The K4GGI 220-MHz KUowatt Amplifier
HF Efficieticy at the Top of the VHP Range
BY LEWIS D. COLLINS,* K4GGI

HE amplifier described here is a modification

T of the design for 432 MH* by Dick Stevens,

W1QWJ, that appeared in February, 1966,
QST} Dirk has often led the way in vhf and uhf
amplifier design, the moat recent example being
his adaptation of a single-ended 432-MHz
amplifier'1 to 220 Mils. 9 I have followed suit by
adapting his push-pull configuration a» well.
The mechanical detail* are quite similar to the
432 unit, su we shall concentrate on the points
where this amplifier differs from the original. In
i/ircuitry, this design closely resembles the
popular two-meter units by W1KDQ* W0R1OX *
and W1DXE,6 and the reader should also consult
these articles for operating and construction
pointers.

Structural Detail*
I t should perhaps be pointed out that by using
a 7 X 9 X 2-inch chassis, the sheet metal plates
can be made from one piece of aluminum lfl
by 26 inches, f )n!y four cuts are required to yield
the necessary pieces, I used 0,050 aluminum,
which is a bit thicker than the usual radio
chassis, so it is handy to have access to a shear,
but not necessary. Also, 57 inches of aluminum
angle is required.
The similarity of the layout to that of the
W1QWJ 432 amplifier is apparent from Pig. 1.
The input end of the amplifier is shown, with
the cover plate removed, in Fig. 2. The tube
sockets are spaced on B-mch centers, 6 inches up
from the bottom of the 7 X 9 X 2-tnch chassis.
1 used the standard Kimac SK-tRlO type socket
rather than the Johnson units used by WIQWJ,
M l I $ rat tie Apt. 19, Arlington, Man. 02174,
1 Tilton, "The IVIQWJ 432-Me, Kilowatt Amplifier/'
QST, Fob. lOttt, p. II.
7 Til ton. The Amateur'* V,H.f\ Manual, ARRL,
Ne\rinjrton. Conn., Chapter 10,
* Stevens, "A 500-Watt FM and CW Transmitter for
MHi; QXTt May, 1D60, p. 21. Feedback, SepL,
p. lfl.
* TUton. Tkv HmtioAmnt*VJf.P, -UantfrtM.Jhiipter fl. at a later date if the need arises. I only used
* Rmrfofffc. "Topfciffini*wyat Mr, wifr.lt 4X260R*," about
W*2\L>oc.. IWI.p.
®TiUonp "A tiich-tiffimMy g-Afctrr Kilowatt,"
Feb., 19(50, p. 30. bpfsitntek, April, IMi, p. aft.
Fig. 2—Grid end of the 220-MHz ampGtier, with the
caver ptafre removed. Grid circuit fa a half-wave line,
tuned at the bottom end by a capacitor mounted on o
polystyrene block. This, in him, U attadied to the lower
edge of the chassis with a brocket not visible In frhe
picture.
hut only because they were at hand. All cathode
pins were directly grounded at the socket by
springing them over and soldering to the base
ring. The ungrounded side of the tube heaters
was bypassed with a button mica capacitor.
The Uip view, Fig. 4, shows the plate circuit
construction. The quarter-wave plate lines are
copper water pipes 1% inch outside diameter.
I made mine tffg inches long for several somewhat
arbitrary reasons, the prime one being so they
could he made into half-wave Lines at 432 MHz
inches of this length. The adjustable
short was made from a &i-inch wide strap of
Hashing copper, although more substantial con*,
atruction might be desirable. The lines are sup-
ported on a 3-inch standoff at the center of the
shorting strap. The finger stock that slips nw*r
the tube anodes t*an be waveniently held in
place for soldering by an automotive radiator
hose clamp.

Fig. 1— Exterior appearance of the K4GGI 220-MHz

kilowatt amplifier shows similarity fro It*
432-MHz predecessor*

QST for
 Tuning i» done, as in the popular two-meter
4CX250 amplifiers, by homemade disks of flash-
ing copper soldered to ihe heads of flathead
brass niachiue screwt*. The disks are 1-inch
diameter, The screws are t hreaded through brass
inits tsuldered to each aide of the lilies. A IttJO-wutt
iron or small torch is necessary for this job. The
Khaft coupling preoenta r bit* of a problem. The
ideal arrangement iri a nonmetallic home-brew
unit machined from Teflon, altiiough I have been
lining a conventional high-voltAge coupling of
the sort that is often found in BG-370 tuning
units.
The output coupling loop uf No. 12 1* supported
by a standoff insulator aud the tft&tor terminal
of the seriefl capacitor. These component* are
mounted on an aluminum bridge above the plale
lines.
The bottom chassis, 7 by 11 by 3 inches, is
not available from all manufacturers, and actu-
ally could be dispensed with if desired. In this
event, a 7 X 11-inch plate would be mounted
between the two sides of the box with 11-inch
7b grift
mev&ut
Fig. 3—Sdiemotlc diagram and parti information for the 220-MHz amplifier.
Bt—Centrifugal blower, 3-indi Intake, 3000 rpm (Dayton
2C6I0].
Ci, Cio—9-pF miniature variable (Johnson 160-104),
Cs—fl-pF-per-section miniature butterfly (Johnson 160-
208)*
C* through Cn, Cta—Feedthrough bypass, 5 0 0 to 1500
pF suitable.
Ct, Cs—Screen bypass, part of Eimac SK-600 sodcet.
Cp—1-inch copper or brass disks on V&-20 brass screws.
Cit, Cia—500-pF 20-kV TV doorknob capacitor.
Ci* r C u — 5 0 0 - p F button mica.
Ji—Chassis fitting, B N C
J*—Chassb fitting. Type N.
Li—U-shaped loop, 5 inches No. 12 wire, U portion
114 Inch.
March 1970
lengths of aluminum angle stock. The bottom
view, Fig. 5, shows the filament transformer and
its dropping resistor, the ncoud high-voltage
bypass and rf choke. The metering switches and
grid-bias supply could be mounted in this space
if desired, However, I plan to nhare these items
between several similar amplifiers for different
bands after the manner of WIIIDQ.' Since the
plate circuit is a closed-end quarte>waver this
amplifier does not have provision for separate
metering of (he plate currents for the two tubes,
Circuit* and Wiring
The grid tank is a half-wave line made of
No. 12 copper wire spaced 1 inch, [t is tuned
by a butterfly capacitor which is mounted in a
polystyrene block at tlie bottom end of the line,
as can be seen in Fig. 2. It was planned to include
a small differential capacitor for a balancing
adjustment, but none was at hand at the time
of construction, so we omitted it. Fortunately,
it was umiecfissary in our amplifier, but we
7 See footnote 4.
Tosctten
'nmistbuf
RFC3
J Y V Y l
SDO+jzCtS
RFC4
L r r m stA
SQQ^jza*
L?—L-shaped, 6 Indies No. 12 wire, spaced 1 inch.
L*—1%-inch O D copper pipe, 6 f t Inches long, spaced
3 inches on centers. Co is VA inches from tube
end. Shorting strap is %-ineh-wide flashing cop-
per.
Li—U-shaped loop No. 12 wire, U portion 2Vx by
34 inch.
RFCi-RFCi—13 indies No. 16 enamel, dose-wound
!4-inch diam.
Ri, Rs—1000-ohm 2-watt composition- 470-ohm 1-watt
also usable.
Rs, IU— 100-ohm 16-waft composition.
R«—50-ohm 10-watt adjustable. Set for 6.0 volti at
tube heater terminals.
Ti—Filament transformer, 6.3 volfs, 6 amperes.
29

k detectors can give misleading results, and have
Si I forms; this is particularly troublesome in tran-
Fig. 4—Looking into the top of the K4GGI 220-MHz
amplifier. Small brace* of perforated aluminum beep the
chimney* in place. The coupling loop and iti series capa-
citor are supported from a bridge over the plate lines.
recommend including i t We have heard report*
ot' others having diffirulty in balancing similar
amplifiers wim with the inclusion of such a
capacitor. Having not studied the detail** of their
i.-onstruction, we are not qualified to comment
on where they may have gone wrung.
Plate voltage is fed fcn the plato line* via a
homemade rf i-hoke wound of No. 16 enameled
wire on a J^iiich-diameler form, which was
subsequently removed. Although Ihe rule of
thumb is to use a quarter-wave length uf wire
(IX i n c h e s I made mine closer to ^-y-wuve, to
avoid possible second-harmonic resonance prob-
lems in the choke, although there should not be
much second-harmonic energy flowing in this
tank.
The grid-circuit "rf chokes" are IflOtl-ohm
resistors tapped at the cold points of the grid
lines. Note that the use of a half-wave grid tank
Fig. 5—Bottom view of (he 220-MHz amplifier, showing
the filament transformer and its dropping resistor.
The rf choke and doorknob-type bypass capacitor, left,
ore in the high-voltage power lead.
30
facilitates separate metering of the (grid currents
to Hie two tubes.
Checking Amplifier Balance
The balancing procedure for this amplifier is
tike same art that for the popular two-meter
amplifiers.*'9
Adjusting the output tank circuit for maximum
power should be done with a Bird wattmeter or
similar H i able power-measuring device, aud
using a well-matched load* Simple diode rf
the further disadvantage of being not calibrated.
(Note that wattmeters also are beset by ac-
curacy problems due to nuusinusoidol wave-
sistor and varactor work.; With about iUOU volts
uii the plate* aud 210 volts on the screens, it
should be possible to adjust the final tuning, the
output coupling tonpf and the series output
capacitor for over 250 watts uf output. The
plate-line short should be positioned so that the
disk tuning capacitor is in the center of its range.
We should rempha&ize that these adjustments
depend on the power level, so they should be
optimized at the maximum power level that will
be uswi. In uur M-periimee, it was pretty easy to
arrive at a compromise Netting that yielded good
efficiency at from 400 to 100U watts input.
Operation
The operating hints from the previously-
referenced 40X250B amplifier artides apply
equally well here. I plan to use this transmitter
for moonbounce, meteor scatter, and extended-
range tmpo work at 1-kw input cw. Under these
conditions, the power output has been measured
at more than 7(10 watte. The plate efficiency at
the 400-watt input level is nearly as good, exceed-
ing 65 percent, this makes an excellent
amplifier to use at intermediate jxjwer levels, for
long tube life, or to make use of the less-expensive
surplus 4X150As. I feel that this amplifier is
much uasfer to build with the average amateur's
facilities titan is the popular single 4CX250
transmitter incorporating coaxial construction, if
yuu don't mind obtaining a second tube and
socket.
Acknowledgment
The transmitter incorporates ideas from several
QHT articles, already referenced. In addition, the
following persons assisted with the project:
Walker Merritt, W1LMT, donated the tubes;
Ted Simmington, W1JOT, assisted with the
mechanical details: Dave Thornburg, WA2KZV/
WAJLKOtt, made the photographs and cut the
aluminum; Bob Keif, K9A(JP, ussisted with the
testing; aud Hank Crow, WlOOP, lent his Bird
wattmeter. Several others provided encourage-
ment along the way, but the prime mover was
Ham Harris, W1PZJ/KP4, who enticed us wilh
the piunpect of being on one end of the first
amateur i&O-AllIa moon bounce contact. JqSl^l
8
See footnote
* dee footnote 6.
QST for
 • £siqinjwt tuuL TbvksL
A Two-Element
15-Meter Quad
for The Novice
BY JOHN DA&BELLIEHN,* OTN9BJC
SHORT time ago I began looking for a
A directional antotuia that would help my
75 waLls OIL 15 meters. Not being blessed
with a large area for antennas here, I decided
on an optimuni-ttpaced, two-element monubaud
qiL'id.
The standard Formula* were used for sides
and spacing, and hhe antenna is fed with 50-ohm
cable through a quarter-wave taction uf 75-
ohm coax cut to the standard formula. The
reHecfcor has a tuning stub.
The driven element grid-dips at 21,150 kHz
and the reflector was tuned by using the grid-
dip oscillator as a signal generator. t placed t.he
grid-dip metier in a neighbor'* home, burned
the back of the quad in that direction, and then
tuned the reflector for the lowest indication on
my 8-meter.
One of my checks on the antenna was with
VfSKXH, in cJwift Current, Sask. D O U R gave me
the following information; The quad ha* two
8-units gain over joy 1£~wave ground-plane
which was at the same height, strength off the
front was S9 and to the rear was H2, indicating
a good front-to-back ratio. Because the construc-
tional details are rather novel, I felt that other
hams might be interested in how I made the
antenna.
Construction
I used lf^-tnch TV steel mast pipe, 10 foul
long, for the boom. Also, 10-foot lengths of TV
*1845 BtH St., Molina, JUL 81205."
l VPN9BJC was a Novice when he dm-
) signed and buUi this 2-element quad
c / o r 18 meters* It cost less than $30.
\ Some of him design features are quite
S novel and well worth passing" on to
# fAe fraternity*
March 1970
The completed quad on the tower. For tune*upf the quad
wai temporarily mounted on the garage roof.
mast sections, but aluminum, are used for the
spreaders- However, 10-foot long spreaders are
not Long enough for a 15-meter quad, 20-foot
lengths are required. In order to obtain the
required length, 20-fnnt lengths of one-inch
diameter, ridged plastic water pipe were run
completely through the 10-foot aluminum pipe
sections. Pieces of rubber hose were used as
shims between the aluminum pipe and the plastic
pipe and these were taped where the plastic pipe
emerges from the aluminum.
The plastic water pipe I used comes in 20-foot
lengths, 80 feet being required. I got this pipe
from a local plumbing and lighting outlet and
the cost was $10 for the HO feet. It is ridged
plastic, but is not strong enough to support
itself; so the aluminum mast pipe is used for the
center portion of the spreaders.
The spreaders are clamped to the boom with
standard U-bolts, and one spreader in each
element is pinned to the boom with a 5/16-inch
cotter key. Additionally, a piece of one-iuch
conduit is used in each element as a cross-brace,
to hold the correct angle between the spreaders.
The formulas and element lengths for 21,150
kHz are as follows:
Driven element.
1005
47 feelr 6 inches.
/ (AtHt)
Reflector
1030
48 feet, 8 inches.
/ (MHz)
Boom spacing
084
0.2 wavelength ~ 0.2 X
/ (MHz)
9 feet, 4 inches.
75-ohm matching section
246 X K = J g g j ,
/(MHz.) J (MHz) 3 1
31
 BULL H I BOLTS
OOUBLt NUTTCO
HCPLiCTOR
itr
fEEO TO XKTR-ANY LDMTK.Sta COAX
Fig, 1 —Detailed drawing of the quad. The
colter pin and crow- brace are required to pre-
vent shifting of the spreaders. 5tnalJ secHons of
split water hoie are used for shim between the
aluminum tubing and Ihe plastic water pipe.
Fig. 2-—Side, view, showing the mounting plate, Q match-
ing section, and coax feed.
TO Mum*
t used N o . 14 ftoftr-drawn enameled w i r e f o r
loops a n d t h e y wen* secured to t h e plaftiic pipe
w i t h d o u b l e - n u t t e d eye bolla. T h e reflector t u n -
i n g tf1.uh was* made f r o m N o . 12 d i p p e r wold
wire. T h e t o t a l l e n g t h of m y s t u b w inches,
a n d a f t e r turuui;, t h e s h o r t i n g bar ended u p
a p p r o x i m a t e l y 10 inches f r o m t h e loop.
T h e H W I i showed almost a perfect m a t c h
aoroaa t h e e n t i r e b a n d . Since I h a v e o u t u p t h e
q u a d 1 have w o r k e d a l l continents a n d 3A
32
t
Fig. 3—The cro*s-boom bracket, mad* from tt-lnc
aluminum plat*. Ordinary TV U~boto are used to secur
it fo the boom and mait.
J.INE7D
PLASTIC
INSULATORS
G BA*kTVKEDL
TKCH tOCDEREDW
Fig, A—The reflector tuning stub Is 36 indies long.
shorting bar, a short piece of wire the same size as use
In the stub was approximately 10 inches from the insulate
when adjusted for maximum fronNto-back ratio. Spacin
between wires of the stub may be of the order of a f e
inches; this spacing is not critical since the stub length
adjusted by the shorting stub in the tune-up procedur
countries on the Novice baud. Stateside contact!
always run tiH to tiU.
T h e t o t a l coat of t h e a n t e n n a was $2K, a v e r y
modest. s u m <*nfriderin£ t h e m m l t a . M o r e i m -
p o r t a n t , I believe this a n t e n n a h e l p e d m y
antenna t h e o r y a-** I r e c e n t l y tiook a n d passed
b o t h the General a n d A d v a n c e d Clara license
exam*. I hope t h i s a r t i c l e w i l l s t i m u l a t e m o r e
Noviuea i n t o a n t e n n a w o r k . T h e r e i« a real sense
of satisfaction i n b u i l d i n g y o u r o w n .
QSTior
 Gimmicks a»z G a d g e t s
A Coaxial Switch With All Unused
Contacts Shorted T o Ground
iff: unit. tfhown in the photograph* and in

T Fig. 1 hi a homemade coaxial switch that

phortfl all unused antenna inputs to ground,
This grounding feature, which permits antenna*
:'i rrr-.,.v^-r-p*/.^ • >.

tn drain off any rffrtrir charge that hux hiulf up

because i)f nearby lightning storms, makes the
switch a worthwhile addition to any station using
coaxially-fed antennaa.
Any antenna will always attract pome elcctrical
charge when a lightning ptorn is nearby. If the
antenna Hystem has no " e a * y " path to ground,
thewe charge* can damage the front, end of a
receiver or trannceiver because the voltage
developed ran be quite high. I t is always recom-
mended that antennas lie grounded when a
lightning storm is nearby. By "nearby" we mean
within a few miles of your installation. I t doesn't
take a direct hit on your antenna to cauae prob-
lems and damage.
The switch fehown is mounted in a 4 X 4 X 2-
inch aluminum utility box. Ail-hough the nwitch
ih wired for four antenna inputs, mure inputs can
he added if necefwary. The coaxial lUtingp are
luuunted on one cover of the box. Be «urp to allow ASM I ming t hat eveiy O t her con tact were
clearance room when mounting the fittings «o grounded, thfc switch could handle hIx antenna*.
that the connector hardware will clear the lip The unit shown will easily handle the amateur
of the box. Use No. 16 or larger wire to make the legal power limit. — UUCP
connections. When connecting the switch leads
in the center terminals of the fitting^, make the
lead lengths such that, first, the entire switch
assembly can be mounted in the box and, second,
the front cover can be mounted over the switch
shaft.
T o reduce the capacitance lietwecn the center
conductors of adjacent feed line*, ground every
other twitch contact when you wire the unit. The
switeh specified in Fig. 1 uses 30-degree indexing.

Fig. 1—Clrcuft diagram of the coaxial switch.

Ji, Jg, J J 4 , Js^SO-239 coaxial receptacle.
Si—Ceramic rotary, 1 section, 1 pole, 11 positions, all
unused contacts shorted together (Centrafab
P-270 index assembly and either typo GGD
or FFD ceramic wafer).

Inside view of the coaxial switch. The leads should be the

minimum length necessary for the switch to be centered in
the front cover when the assembly Is completed.

teki ~ 33
 k Transistors
Part 5—Transistor Circuits

ROBERT E. STOFFELS*

r r Part 4 we finally arrived at an actual tran-

sistor circuit, We found that- a transistor is
H three-layer device, not very much different
in actual construction from the two-layer device
culled the semiconductor diode. The must pro-
found difference in these two devices in the thin-
ness of the wiiter, or " b a s e " section of the
transistor.
In fact, for an understanding of the transistor,
we considered the first two layers— thn emitter
and the base — as a dindp, biased in a forward
direction. The second and third Layers — the base
ami the collcctor—were likewise considered a
diode, except that in this case they were biased
in the reverse direction.
The results of such action are immediately ap-
parent, The current in the transistor is started
by the forward bias and the slight current drawn
in the base lead, but the final result of this action
is the sizable current which takes place between
the emitter and collector, and is caused to How
in the collcctor lead. The action of the transistor
can ho completely stopped by opening the wire
connected to the base, thus removing t he forward
bias from the emitter-base junction. This, thou,
causes the much larger current in the collector to
he completely (or almost completely) cut oft
•

Wa found that, at* a result of this, the depletion

region between the emitter and the base was very
small indeed, and the current wad actually per-
mitted to flow through it. In like manner, the
depletion region between the haw* and collector
ww quite enlarged, ami current was not per-
mitted to flow through it,
Uowever, as we found, current. flowing from
the emitter to the base more often than not
actually missed the base region entirely (remem-
ber, it i* extremely thin), and the 41 holes" which
constituted the current drifted into the collector
region and were captured there. This complete
by pawing of the base region hy the holes
provides the tfflsic action of the transistor itself, Fig. 5-1—Six-volt battery Is connected between emitter
and with rvmrfui construction, it has become and bate, with protective r#ttdor in bote lead; note
possible to manufacture transistor such that resistor abo provided in collector circuit.
about UK per pent of all the holes leaving the
emitter, ostensibly <»n the way to the base,
completely bypass ihe twse and end up in the This type of action has been likened to a
collector. power broke of an automobile where we apply
only a small pressure to the brake pedal itself,
* Director, EAX Operations Automatic Klcctn* lAbora- but cause a much larger pressure to be applied,
tnrics, NoTthlake, Jll. ti0tU4, Thin writ* i* reprinted
from Tdtphfl*** P/^f/w tfr .tfaruii^m***, !Ji*)oitiiiUPubli*ii- by the brake shopn» tu the wheels. In this case,
tng Company, Wheat on, Illinois 60187 also, we are nut crettiiny energy; the power to
apply pressure 1o the brake shoes is derived
from irliH hydraulic system of the car, powered by
the engine, and so it is with the transistor. Hy
The author presenis the evolution l>ermitting a small amount of current to flow in
and operation of a translator circuit ihe lead of the trattektor, we are permitting
and rearranges the circuit to apply — not canning — a much larger current to How
different voluem io various compo- in the collector lend. This collector current is a
nents; the similarity between a tran- rewtlt of the trigger action of the base lead
sistor circuit and relay circuit are also {likened to the power brake pedal in your car)
examined- and the battery used in the particular transistor
(equivalent to the hydraulic system of your car).

34 QST for
Please do not imagine that we are creating
energy, or work, ur anything; the mure current
that in (permitted to flow in the collector of the
transistor, the faster the collcctor battery will
run down 1
D. CI Circuit
Let us now Rtudy more carefully the evolution
and operation. uf an actual transistor circuit.
As you will recall, in the previous cliapter of this
series we cuncluded our discu&siun with a descrip-
tion of the circuit shown in Fig. 5-1. Notice that
in this example, a six-volt battery is connected
between the emitter and the base, with the neces- battery symbols have been eliminated,
sary protective resistor in the base lead (remem-
ber, the emitter-base junction is no more than ~24V
a forward-biased diode.) Also, an 18-volt battery
is connected between the base and the collector,
this time with the bias in the reverse direction;
again, we have included a protective resistor in
the collector circuit.
When the switch in the base lead is closed,
there is a small current In this lead (as we learned
in Part 4) — about 2 mA, for example —and a
much larger current flows in the collector lead
(about 98 mA, ill t.he example chosen.)
Notice that the two batteries are actually in
series or, to say it another way, tlie potential of
the collecl nr with respwt. to the base is 18 voltfl,
four times greater; this permits us* of single battery,
but with respect to the emitter, it is IS plus 6,
or 24 volte.
greater, we can tie this lead to —24 volts, and
thus utilize a single battery fur our circuit.
Fig, 5-5 shows a simple application of a tran-
sistor; in this case, it is desired to turn on a
number of lamps with a single light-duty toggle
switch. We are sure that you can conjure a
number of other, more practical ways of solving
the same problem. But for a first example, let's
not try to get fancy!
In this case, we have connected together the
base leads of a number of transistors. Further-
more, we have connected the protective resistor
in this base lead to a single, 6-volt battery. Also,
we have replaced the protective resistor, which
Fig, 5-2—Some circuit at Fig. 5-1 except collector battery we have been using in the collector lead with a
Is connected to emitter and 24-volt battery is used* lamp, and have connected this lamp to the same
6-volt battery. (We must of course be careful,
Fig. 5-2 shows another way of drawing this in our selection of lamp and transistor, that the
circuit, this time connecting the collector battery high inrush current, to the lamp doesn't excccd
directly to the emitter, rather than to the base, the current limits uf the transistor.) You will
and UBing a 24-volt battery. This type of connec- note that this circuit, or the top part of it, is
tion is normally more "clean," since it permits us almost identical to the circuit of Jftg. M ,
to use urns lead of the transistor (the emitter) Now, when the toggle switch in the common
as a common point. This can be seen in Fig. 5-3, base lead is closed, current is permitted to How
where we have eliminated the battery symbols in the ba»*e, and a great deal more current is
entirely, and simply shown the base lead con- permitted to flow in the collector. If we are to
nected to — 0 volts, and the collector lead con- assume (and this is of course merely an assump-
nected to —24 volts* The emitter lead, of course, tion, since sll transistors are different) that 1>8
is connected to ground. per cent of the current entering the emitter
Now it is often somewhat inconvenient to leaves via the collector lead and only 2 per cent
provide batteries of more than one potential, and of this current leaves via the base lead, and if we
Pig. 5-1 shows a means of eliminating the 6-volt are further to assume that each lamp draws »8
battery heretofore used between the base and mA, then it is obvious that each base lead draws
emitter. Simply by making the pmlective resistor 2 mA, and that the toggle switch must be able to
connected in the base lead about four times carry five times this 2 mA, or 10 mA total. Not

March 1970 35
 bad, considering that the accumulated collector
current is five timea 98 mA, or almost
Pig, 5-ti demonstrates one juure example of tliia
type of operation. In this case, it is required to
pulse a relay from a distant telephone diaL The
circuit length, however, precludes drawing the
required amount of current from this line- Con-
sequently, we have added a transistor to the
circuit, and have pulsed this transistor with the
distant dial, and caused the relay, shown in the
collector lead, to be pulsed by the transistor. You
might even say that the transistor is now serving
as the dial, and is pulsing the relay. Note that
the transistor is considerably more susceptible
to transients than was the dial, and consequently
spark suppression across the relay is an absolute
necessity.
The examples we have mentioned here deal
otily with do circuits. That is, they in no way
explain the operation of a transistor with voice
frequencies, radio frequencies, or any sort of ac
at ait. We shall, therefore, devote most of next
month's clmpter to operation in the voice-
frequency range. We shall then see that a tran-
sistor is good for something more than simply
turning relays and lamps on and off [

Ftg. 5-5—Simple application of transistor in circuit to turn
on number of fights with Jingle switch; notice similarity of
circuit to that of fig. 5-4.
•24 VL
i—V\A 1 slate.
RC.LAY
COIL
Ftg. 5 - 6 ^ Another example similar to Fig. 5-5; here, it was
necessary to pulse a relay from a distant telephone diaL
Transxmiar Manufacture
Before carrying the subject of transistor cir-
cuitry further, however, we ahould perhaps
investigate briefly the manufacture uf a tran-
sistor. It should be realised, of course, that there
is no single method of transistor manufacture,
in fact, the large number of manufacturing
pmcewes makes it very <lifficult indeed to ke*p
track uf the relative advantages and disadvan-
tages of each. Words such as grown-diftused,
meltback, planar, epitaxial, alloy, etc., all have
special meaning so far as transistor manufacture
is concerned. We shall not try to explain any
of them, but shall simply give a single example
nf how a transistor might be manufactured.
U is find tiecfHHary to obtain ultra-pure
germanium. We start with germanium dioxide,
and reduce it in an atmosphere nf hydrogen:
this give* metallic germanium, but it in far
from pure. To purify this germanium (and it is
important that there be only about one part of
impurity for every 10 billion or HO parts of
germanium"l we employ what is called the "'zone
refining" process. This is hosed mi the fact that
most impurities are more soluble when a metal
in the liquid state — or, to put it another way,
that most impurities tend to remain in the molten
Consequently, we fill a small graphite " b o a t "
(about 3 inches long and z 4 inch wide) with me-
tallic germanium; place the boat within a quartz
tube several feet long and about four inches in
diameter; surround the quarto with several turns
of copper tubing connected to a source of high-
frequency olertricily (induction heating): fill
the quart* tube with n j u i c inert gw; and very
likely cause running water to run through the
copper tubing to keep if. wml. Then we *tart

36 QST for
 pulling the graphite boat, very slowly, down the
length of the tube. Ab it passes through the zone
that is high-frequency lieat-ed, the metallic
germauium at the front of the boat uielto. A»
the U>at move* on, the next part melts, while the
lirst part cools off and hardens again. Thus, the
molten region move* to the rear of the boat, and
because of the aforementioned tendency of the
Impurities to remain in the molten state, these
impurities are swept to the rear also.
More than likely, the apparatus is so con-
structed that tlie boat is pulled through several
melting zone* before it eventually arrives at the
other end of the tube. When it does arrive there,
however, most of the impurities in the metallic
germanium have been "swept" to the lust few
inches of the bar, and tihe forward section is ex-
tremely pure, consisting of what is known as
" intrinsic1' germanium. I t is this extremely pure
germanium that is used to manufacture tran-
sistors.
Now, to actually grow a transistor, we take
this very pure germanium and place it in a
crucible; place the crucible within a vertical
section of quarts tube (not horizontal, as before)
and once again aurrouud the apparatus with some
turns of copper tubing connected to a source of
high-frequency electricity. It is (possible, by
careful control, to cause the metallic germanium
in the crucible to melt und to remain just a few
degrees above the melting temperature; this
accurate control of the temperature is very
important.
A long rod is now inserted from the top (once
again appropriate measures are taken to assure
that only inert gases are present within the
quartz tube), and at the end of this rod is a
small "seed" crystal of pure germanium. The
seed crystal is carefully dipped into the pml
of molten germanium, and then, very slowly, it
is withdrawn. As it was inserted, a small portion
of this crystal was actually melted, and as it in
withdrawn, the molten germanium gather* more
molten germanium, and a column of hardening
germanium forms (this column hardens, of
course, because it is withdrawn from the stone
formed by the induction heating apparatus).
This column is one continuous crystal of germa-
nium, veiy similar in appearance to an upside-
down icdclo.
We can now actually produce the three sections
of the transistor by appropriately "doping" the
molten germanium. That in, if we wish to manu-
facture pnp transistors, we first 44 dope" the
molten germanium with p-type material, such as
aluminum. Small amounts of aluminum are
dumped into molten germanium from appropriate
pla-ces, and now what is being grown is pure
germauium with *mali amounts of "positive"
impurities added — in other word*, p-type
germanium. As the crystal is slowly lifted, a layer
of p-type germanium forms on its end. After
growing the p-type crystal to the desired thick-
ness, it is necem&ry to dope the crystal with
some negative impurities. Consequently, the
proper amount of such an impurity (for example,
March 1970
arsenic) is now dumped into the molten metal.
Because this will be the base region, aud because
the base itself must be very, very thin, only a
short time is permitted to pass before once
again doping the solution with p-type impurities.
Y<m will note that we have grown a single
crystal, aud have not tried to physically combine
three pieces of appropriately doped germanium.
The impurities were added, in our case, by
actually inserting atoms of impurities while the
crystal was being formed.
Alter the process is completed, it is only neces-
sary to remove the column of properly doped
germanium (it in slightly thicker than a lead
pencil) and to dice it into very small pieces with
a diamond saw. These pieces are then mounted
in the appropriate housing, and we have manu-
factured a transistor.
Question*:
1. In a circuit such as that shown in Fig„ 6-1, why
ilo we need th* resistor in the base circuitt
2. W'fty, in the cirruit of Fig. S-6, have we included
a resistor and capacitor across the relayt
3. Is there me basic way in which transistors are
manufactured?
4. In a zone-refining process, is an entire chunk of
gennanium melted at tmcef
5. Bccause a transistor h symmetrical \p on each
end and n in the middlet or vice versa) why cant
we operate the transistor satisfactorily by revers-
ing it in a circuitt
6. How does a manufacturer attach a wire to a
region Mich as the transistor base, which is only
about.001 inch thickt
Answers:
1. Remember that the emitter-base junction of
the transistor U exactly equivalent to a for-
ward-biased diode. Thus, it* resistance is
extremely low, and if a voltage applied to
this junction without such a protective resis-
tor, the transistor will quickly overheat and
destroy itself.
2. The relay is an inductive devicer and when the
transistor turns it off a voltage spike will
appear at the collector of the transistor. If this
voltage *pike is not adequately suppressed, it
will nurely ''shout- down" the transistor.
No. Ln fact, then? are so many ways of manu-
facturing transistors that it is virtually hope-
less to try to keep track of them all.
4. No, a very small region gf the germanium is
melted at one time — only tliat portion which
is directly within the inductive heating
"acone."
o. In some cases the transistor will work in the
reversed condition. However, because some of
the manufacturing techniques result in more
impurities in one of the p regions than in the
other, the transistor works best when applied
as intended.
6. Very carefullyl
37
 Hints <»« Kinks
For the Experiments
RECEIVER MUTING—A SIMPLE METHOD as the 2N21U2. Ijow-power tratiHWtnm, in the
W E - f r e e receiver muting is desirable for 300-mW range, or higher, will be satisfactory.
C 4 phun© or rw work- Alao, imuimum lag time The circuits shown in Fig. i, if used in com-
in lite mutiny function in important if break-in bination with a vanmm-tube T R switch, should
operation is* contemplated. The circuits nhywri in provide the operator with •complete break-in
Fig, 1 satisfy bulb requirementa* (.for traffic work) without the click-causing tran-
Most tube-type rweivern can be adapted to sients so often associated with standby circuits
which break receiver B-plus voltages by means
accommodate the tfoiid-state mutiny system uf
ffig. IB. I t is nece&ary to bn*ak into the cathode uf mechanical switching. — VTlCER
ivturu of the first* audio amplifier — usually a
GAT6, one half of a 12AX7, or similar low- USING THE HY-GAIN BN-36 BALUN
current tube. An npu transistor, ft, auto aw a WITH THE TA-33
switch to turn off the first af amplifier. It receives balun is a desirable addition to the Moslcy
it* switching voltage — base bia« — from recti- A
TA-33 trap beam, but adding the ITy^
fied rf at the transmitter output, Fig, J A, Gain BN-3ti balun to this beam is not quite as
Wheu the tran«miUer iw in the key-up mode, simple a project w it might first appear. The
Qx in biased into Haturation by a plus voltage BN-30 whjs made to mount below the boom and
taken from the cathode of the af output *ta|oe. next tu the feed point on Hy-Oam beams. The
During transmit, negative bias override* I he- TA-33 has its feed point on top of tho boom, »o
plus voltage on the buse uf ft, thus preventing an installation on the TA-33, following the
conduction in the transferor and causing aJi instmctions packed with the balun, will result
open-circuit condition jil the cathode of' the fir&t in long connecting leads 1.hat will lower the
audio atage. resonant frequency of the driven element enough
Typical voltages for key-up atid key-down to upset the operation of the beam. Mounting
conditions are given on the .schematic diagram. the RN-36 upside down on top of the boom
Almost any npn transistor will work in the cir~ will allow short connecting leads. However, the
csitit. Heveral typea were tried in the f w t receiver, drainage hole will then be exposed and the
an HQ-10U, and ail worked well. A 2N2102 was balun will fill up with water during a driving
ihe final choice because of \1h modest price, and rain, resulting in erratic operation and a high
because its ratings are much higher than needed svm.
in thin type uf circuit — a safety precaution. Since the balun obviously must be tnounted
Doubtless, tuiy iLumber of bargftifL-hoiisu or on top of the boom, the original drainage hole
computeisboard tiwiwlorsi should work as well should be sealed off and a new hole drilled.

mm y
Ftg, 1 — At A, a typical transmitter output
\0k stage to which an rf sampling divider and
rectifier haw been added, ft Is suggested
that the rf takeoff be at a low-power point
1NMA Stt in Hie system—for example, the exeffer
LtVB£« VWj- plate tank, rather than the piate circuit
•CTOJS
J_ _L Ix"1 of a high-power linear amplifier. At B,
,oor circuit detpib far adding the receiver mut-
(A) ing circuit. Rt Is the original cathoda re-
sistor for the 12AX7, Positive bias for Qi is
borrowed from the cathode of the 6AQ5.
af output Rf should be selected for complete satura-
tion of O i la the receiver mode. However,
no more positive bias should be used than Is
necessary to completely turn the receiver
an. This modification is for an HQ-100 re-
ceiver, but the technique is applicable to
nearly all receivers. Capacitance values
are in pF. Resistances are in ohms; k ~
1000. ii is a coaxial fitting; h and h are
phono jacks.
+L4V0CUL
-ivoc&rV
1
t&tsvuafl
> • „ ,/OVIKDI KINKY tf
ATA * kO'XEY DOWN
(B)

38 QST for
 LATCH
™ inpr
n o t e : p i n h o n si is
Fig. 2—DTL [ogle puker, Rosistancos are In ohms..
Ci—For text reference,
Gi— Four 2-input NAND goto (MC846, MC946, *iL946 or
9946).
LATCH
uSfcA
RESET
hHRE
fig. 3—RTL logic pulier* Resistances are in ohms,
Ca—0.1 pF.
Gf, Gk—Two 2-input NOR gate (MC914, pL9I4 or 9914}.
Qs—2N706, 2N708, 2N3894 or 2N3904.
Silimne rubber or other cement can be used to
block off the old hole, which is located just
below the coaxial connector. A new hole should
he drilled in a comer (any comer will do, as
there are no infernal part* in the corner areas)
of the top. When tho balun is mounted, this new
hole will be aimed downward and will allow any
accumulated moisture to dry out. - - WtKLK
LOGIC FULSER
ince the appearance of inexpensive digital
Smore
integrated circuits on the market, more atid
experimenters are building counter*, shift
registers, and digital frequency dividers. Many
times in testing a design it is helpful to put in
a single pulse at a time. This is not always simple
with these fast circuits that can actually count
the pulses generated by the contact point bounce
of a switch or the touching of two wires together.
To ensure that only one pulse jh generated,
a "latch" circuit can be mated with a monogtable
multivibrator (one shot), Huch an arrangement
uging D T L elements is shown in Pig. 2.
The operation of the latch circuit it* just what
the name implies* Once 8i is switched to vraft,
a positive pulse is applied to the o m r i n p u t
March 1970
ONE-SHOT MULTIVIBRATOR
••v
ri
OUTPUT
CONNECTED TO
49V;PIN7 TP
SMKMD.
NC»NO CONNECTION
Qi—2N706, 2N708, 2N3894 or 2N3904.
Rj, Rs—VS-watt composition.
Si—See text.
ONE-SHOT MULTIVIBRATOR
Yaaf3V
PIHS ON ft W Q
IS CONNECTED TO 11V1
PIN 4 TO SROUND.
R», R«—Vfe-walt composition.
Dpdt, spring-return toggle twitch.
and the circuit changes state* The circuit re-
mains in this state no matter how many more
positive pulses are applied to the rksjct input.
A positive pulse must be applied to the f i r k
input (by switching fy to k k s e t J to cause the
circuit to go back to its original state.
The output of the latch circuit drives a one-
*hot multivibrator. This multivibrator has a
normally high iuput which results in a normally
low output. Hence, switching Si causes the
pulse output of the multivibrator to go from
ground to four volts and back to ground. The
pulse width of the output is determined by R%,
Cjt and the .applied voltage. With the component
values shown aud fi.S volts applied to the cir-
cuit, a pulse width of 50 microseconds was
measured at the output.
A spring-return toggle switch should be utilized
for the pulse r p w s t / f j r k switch, Si- This will
ensure that a pulse will always be ready, and it
will simplify the user's count of the number of
pulses.
The logic pulser may also be built with RTL
dement*. This is illustrated in f i g . 3. With the
component values shown and 2.8 volts dc applied,
the lroultant pulse was 60 microseconds wide.
— Walter Simciak, W4HXP
39

"MIXED-NUMBER" FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER
WITH STEP-RECOVERY DIODE
Technical Editor,0Sr:
One of the hot projects at this station has been
the construction o f a frequency multiplier using a
step-recovery diode* One of the result* will amuse
you. The objective (not yet reached!) Is to obtain a
few milliwatts of stable energy at X band, to use as
the pump for a 2 M H z parametric amplifier.
The diode used is the Hewlett-Packard 50#?-OJ75.
HP's AN 920 in used as a guide but not as a bible, *
let one experiment the diode was mounted
vertically across a special "thin" section of wave-
guide (2 mm high Inside). The bottom of the diode
was grounded* and the top connected to a built-in
bypass capacitor, thence to the driying source and
the bias supply, A resonant cavity was formed in
the guide by the diode arid an inductive post, and
tuned by a caparitive screw. Thereafter the guide
tapered up to a standard KG-52/U connector,
which was connected to the input of a spectrum
analyaer <to 1 could Inspect the harmonics in the
region around 9 GHz.
The driving source put out about 100 mW on
2 JO MHs, acid was crystal-contxoUcd, This signal
was coupled through a small capacitor to a circuit
resonant at 230 MHz and mounted on top of the
guide, and a tap on the latter circuit was connected
to the diode and by pa** capacitor. Bias was
provided by a variable resistor.
i was especially interested in the 40th to 42nd
harmonics, i.e., 9200. 9430 and 9660 MHz, Output
at all these frequencies was readily identified on
the analyzer, Ths bias resistance* cavity tuning,
driver coupling and tap on the 2£0*MHz circuit
were varied in an effort to optimize one or the
other of the desired harmonics* Under some
conditions of adjustment there appeared on the
scope chimps of "brush" extending well above the
grass, and these were taken to indicate that the
diode was oscillating para metrically, an mentioned
in the applications note. All this was about as
expected.
After making a change in the bypass capacitor,
additional strong "harmonics*4 in between the
4oth, 41st and 42nd were noted. These turned out
to he odd multiples of 11$ MHz, or the 40tt and
4IV* harmonics o f 230 MHz. Since the driver
included a crystal oscillator operating at 1 f 5 MHt.
my first reaction was that something had become
detuned, and that the input to the step-recovery
stage was rich in ilS-MH* energy. This idea was
disposed nf when a high-g filter was inserted in the
input line. With the filter tuned to 115 MHz there
was nn detectable output: with it tuned to 230
MHz the output was restored and the mixed-
number harmonics were right there t<*>( By proper
adjustment of the bias resistance the 41V4 harmonic
1 "Harmojuc Generation CJslng Step-Recovery
Diodes and SRD Modules," Hewlett-Packard
Applications Note 920, Hewitt-Packard Co. t 1&01
Page Mill &dM Palo Alto, CA «4304,
40
could be made stronger (by in d b or so) tha
either of the adjacent ordinary harmonics.
it seems that I had unwittingly constructed
circuit wherein the diode bypass capacitor and th<
connecting lead were resonant at or near 115 MHi
Thus the diode oscillated at this frequency as i
locked-osciUator divider or degenerative parametric
amplifier.
The question arises as to whether this circuit
might be put to practical use. One advantage Is that
it uses only one active device* One possible use
would be to obtain harmonics at the edges o f the
extra-class frequency segments (e,g„ J»2S kHz)
from a 100-kHz *tandard*frequency source. While
the 5082-037$ diode hits the budget a bit hard,
Hewlett-Packard makes several other SRD* which
sell for between five and ten doUaca, no more than
one might pay for a few transistors or integrated
circuits. —William I. Smith* W3GKP, J52S Spen*
cervtUe Rcf., SptncerMe, MD 2096*
SEMICONDUCTOR CONDUCTIVITY -
NOISE POWER
Technical Editor. QST;
Two relatively minor points appearing in articles
in the November 1969 issue of QST prompt me to
send this note of amplification* ) hope that it will
prevent certain misconceptions from spreading
further than they have.
Stoffels in his article on transistors^ states that
semiconductor materials such jm germanium and
silicon have that name because their resistance Mes
between that of the conductors and the insulators.
This is true, hut the true physical distinction
between insulators and conductors is discovered
when we consider the way in which a material*
electrical resistance varies with temperature due to
the greater ohmic losses from scattering of elec-
trons by the vibrating atomic cores of the con*
ductor. in an insulator, the resistance decreases
with higher temperature. Even though the in*
creased scattering effect mentioned before is
present, It is far overshadowed by a more numer-
ically significant result of the increased number of
mobile charges, as higher energy thermal electrons
jump the "energy gap" existing in insulators- As it
happens, inspection o f the cunductivity of a large
number of materials will show that it is possible to
construct a chart in which materia) resistivities of
an values march continuously across the mapT with
no distinct grouping of "conductors," u « m l -
conductors," and insulators." in fact* a semicon-
ductor Is merely an insulator which is being
examined at a temperature which is high enough to
allow a sizable number of electrons to have
energies above the "energy gap" level. Thus an
"insulator," such as diamond, can be used to make
a transistor at very high temperature!^
Hyder states that thermal noise has constant
power per Herts at all frequencies from zero to
essentially infinity. 4 The formula given by Hyder,
and known variously as the Johnson noise formula
or the Nyquist formula, is actually a tow-frequency
approximation of a more general formula:
2 £ forfeit, "Let's Talk YnuuMou,'* QST<
November, 1969.
3 Conversely, ordinary grades of getmajriwn and
silicon may not behave as "semi-conductors" at
low temperatures. See "Transistor Rigs and Cold
• Weather," Technical Topics, QST February, 1970,
p. 4ft— Editor.
4 Hyder, "Atmospheric Noise and Receiver
Sensitivity/1 QST, November, 1060.
0 ST for
 k T
In which exp is the exponential function, h is
Planck's constant (6,62 x JO"^4 watt seconds per
Hertz), and So is the so-called Fermi energy level
of the electrons, a "cutoff point" above which the
power is less than half of the low»t'requency value
given by the approximate formula which Hyder
presents. T is the temperature in degrees Kelvin,
and k is Boltzmann's constant (l.Jtf x l O ^ joules
per degree Kelvin).
One may easily verify that this formula is very
closely equal to the approximate form when the
frequency, is much smaller than Eafh. In
practice, for noise originating in a low-electron-
density gas, this cutoff frequency may be over
10 1 8 Hertz, which is in the X-ray region! A* Hyder
states, this is essentially infinity as far as we are
concerned for any practical radio frequency.
Historically, it is interesting to note that the
approximate formula corresponds to the principle
of "equipartition uf energy" in classical thermo-
dynamics. This principle, applied to '"black body
radiation" by Rayleigh and Jeans leads to the
incorrect conclusion that the electromagnetic
power radiated by a heated black object (or,
correspondingly, the noise power coming from the
terminals of a resistor, or an antenna receiving
atmospheric noise) continues undiminished at high-
er frequencies leading to total Infinite power from
a wry Unite object. Since Rayleigh was considering
visible light and his difficulties originated in the
frequency above the visible region, this problem of
infinite predicted power was known at the "Ultra-
violet Catastrophe," a picturesque and ominous
name! litis problem was the background which led
Max Planck to develop the first historical steps of
the quantum theory near the turn of the century,
and the formula given here is * modern modifi-
cation of Planck's formula, due to work by Enrico
Fermi, which is particularly applicable to electrons
in a solid but which also applies to electrons in the
atmosphere.
These minor details are pointed out with the
utmost admiration for the excellent discussions of
their subject areas which the two authors have
presented. However, in my experience of teaching
college engineering students, I have noted that
these two points have raised many misconceptions,
even in the minds of students with adequate
background in physics and mathematics. — Richard
C\ Levine. WA2DDU/W8JKE, 1122 Victory Ave.,
PJainfield; NJ 07060,.
ATOM STRUCTURE
Technical Editor, QST:
Part I of "Let3* Talk Transistors" 5 is misleading
in Its description of the structure of the atom*
Quantum mechanics has shown that although the
paths which electrons follow around the nuclei of
atoms are unknown, they cannot be elliptical, for
the forces thus generated would cause the electrons
to collapse into the nuclei. Instead, the electrons
inhabit specific fields of probability, based upon
the energy levels they have. There are several of
these orbitals on each level, each having approxi-
mately the same energy as every other orbital on
its level, and each containing a maximum of two
5 See footnote 2.
March 1970
electrons. On the first level there is one orbital, the
s / , which has a spherical "shape.11 (1 use quotes
because I am speaking of a probability field which
has no definite boundaries.) The second level
consists of one $2 an<* three P2 (dumbell-"shaped")
orbitals, or perhaps a better analogy of the
p-orbital shape should be that of the radiation
pattern of a dipole antenna. The third level has one
sj, three p j , and five dy orbitals, and the fourth
level has one s j , three p^, five and seven f ^
orbitals. The d and / orbitals have a variety of
shapes.
The designation of the atomic orbitals as jr, p, d,
and / was due to the studies of the light-emission
spectrum of the hydrogen atom from which the
concept of restricted energy levels or orbitals was
formed. Thus, s denotes sharp, p denotes principle,
d diffuse, and f fundamental* Subsequent orhitals
are named in alphabetical order: thus s, p9 d, f , &
h, and so on.
Hooka containing related information which
may be of interest to readers of QST are, in
alphabetical order by author:
Companion. Audrey; Chemical Bonding, Mo
Graw-HilL New York, 19&4.
Nau, R hL\ Basic bXrctrtcal Engineering, Ronald
Press, New York, 1958.
Ryschkewitsch, G.E.; Chemical Bonding and the
Geometry of Molecules, Kelnhold, New York,
1963.
Semat; Introductory Atomic and Nuclear Phy-
sics, Rinehart, New York, 1954.
White, H* Introduction to Atomic Spectra,
Mc-Graw-Hitl, New York, I U 4 .
The first and third references above are pre-
sented in a nontechnical manner. The others are
college textbooks. - Dana S. Nau, WAfigYY, 1114
Joyce Ave., Rolta> MO 65401m
LIGHT-SENSITIVE CELL FOR AGC
Technical Editor, QST:
The light-sensitive cell used for age in the circuit
of Fig,5A, "An RTTY Terminal Unit of Wide
Dynamic R a n g e , s h o u l d function. I h e use of
such control circuits is common in broadcast
equipment design, with Improvement. Cell V7 has
such a high resistance when the lamp is out that
the base of Ql looks at a very high inpedance. A
better scheme is to u£e V\ us an arm of an
unbalanced tee network, as shown in Fig. 1,
Ftg.1 - improved age circuit using light-sensitive
cell. Refer to QST for May 1968, p.24f for
complete schematic, Vi is a cadmium sulphide cell.
The 100-k resistor should be connected by Vj
to another 100-k resistor before the capacitor. This
will drop the input impedance to 50,000 ohms
(two 100-k resistances in parallel) when V\ is*low
in value, and will never be higher than 100,000
ohms when V] is dark. This is a more stable
system. —Frank H. Maley, W1GZH, 84 Main St.,
StJohnsbury, VT 05819.
6 Buttscbardt and Olson, "An RTTY Terminal
Unit of Wide Dynamic Range/' QST May 1968.
41
 A Trap-Filter Duplexer for 2 - M e t e r
Repeaters
Keeping Transmitter Power out of the Receiver Line
BY EDWARD P. ULTON/ OT1HDQ
common problem in vhf repeaters is desensi-
A tisation of die receiver when the transmitter
-oomea on. Almost everyone who baa set up
a repeater with tlie customary 600-kIfci frequency
separation between transmitter and receiver is
familiar with it, High-Q coaxial tank circuits in
the receiver line may help, but even well-made
devices of this kind are of limited value, and in-
sertion lues may be prohibitive.
The tiller shown here was built at the sugges-
tion of A- EI. Groff, K0VQM, who supplied
detail* of a similar filter that he built for MAR3
frequencies, llis channels, 142,155 avid 143.46
MHs, are more than twice the usual separation
of in-band 2-meter repeaters, but bis reported
8<>-dB isolation encouraged us to try the idea for
146.34-14B.D4 MHas and similar ia-band fre-
quencies used in 2-meter repeaters.
K0VQM used *fe-iuch sheet aluminum for
sides and partitions. This being dit&cult to
handle, if you're not well equipped with tools,
we tried thinner sheet metal and bent-up parti-
tions and sides, aiming for dimensions that would
permit using a standard aluminum chassis for
the housing. Results were good enough so that
we feel that repeater operators may find this
version usefuL
The equivalent circuit, Fig. 1, was suggested
by K0VQM to explain operation of the filter.
This circuit could actually be built, and it might
help in some repeater application* where fre-
quency separation and other desenatizafcion
factors are not too severe. More on the nature uf
the problem later; for now let's imagine that
the circuit of Fig. 1 is connected in the coaxial
line to the repeater receiver, by means of J \ and
The circuits at the middle, £<2-0% and L3-C5,
are tuned to the receiving frequency. They peak
rather broadly, being loaded down by the an-
tenna on the input side and the receiver on the
output. The link Ln-Lt represents low-impedance
coupling between these two circuits, achieved in
• VltflfidUior, Q3T/'
the KdVQM filter by the "aperture" in a partial
shield between the two lines,
The circuits l&Ci and Lv-G'* are transmitter-
frequency suck-out traps, coupled to the receive-
frequency circuits through apertures in the par-
tition? that separate them physically. These
apertures, at the hot end of the lines, are repre-
dented in Fig. J by the capacitors (7* and 04. The
trap circuits tune very aharply, fw they must if
tliey are to have negligible effect on reception of
a signal ouly 600 kHz away. All this may help
to make Fig. 2 and the interior photograph of the
filter a bit more intelligible to anyone not ao-
quainted with linear circuits and aperture
coupling. Features of the equivalent circuit are
marked on the sketch of the interior, Fig.
Construction
The %-inch sheet aluminum used by K& VQM
will make a *lesirably sturdy assembly, and no
bending of parts is involved. If this technique is
used, we suggest making the assembly an inch
longer than the one described, to allow the car
pacitors to tune the lines with wider spacing,
in the interests of ease of adjustment. Our design
is for inclusion in a standard 8- by 17- by '^inch
chassis, if the builder wishes. With a bottom
cover, and partitions made from bent-up sheet
metal fastened to both top and bottom, stability
of the finished product should be adequate.
We used 0.04-inch sheet brass for end plates,
because it works so nicely, and can be silver-
plated readily. Brass facilitates suidering-in the
lines, and is recommended for auxiliary end
plates even if an aluminum chassis is used,
as the best possible electrical contact between
the lines and the end plate at the grounded end
k a must. Do not attempt use of a conventional
variable capacitor; anything but air insulation at
the hot etkds of the lines will degrade the circuit
Q markedly. Highest obtainable circuit Q ia a
must, for really high rejection of the unwanted
frequency and minimum insertion loss on
the desired one.
The four lines are ^-inch (outside diameter)
hard-drawn copper tubing, obtainable at plumb-
Exterior view of the completed duplexer, looking at the
grounded end of the hmed Gnes. It will be com that these
project through the end plate about Vi Indv for good
soldering on bo4h inside and outside surfaces. Silver-
plated brass or copper Is recommended, but plating
is not mandatory.
QST £01
ing supply houses and Hume hardware stores. one line in a vice between wood blocks, and then
We bought two oG-irwh lengths to make four lined it up vertically wjth a square and a level.
lines. The«e solder into holes In the The end plate was then pushed on, adjusted
end plate (right side of Pig, 2), projecting carefully to a level position, and soldered in
through the plate about inch, to allow for good place. A piece of wood planed to the right thick-
soldering inside and out. The holes were made ness can be used as a separator between this line
with a kjj-ijich chassis punch, in preference to a and the next one to be suldered, to help maintain
drill, the punch giving a smoother hole and better alignment.
fit. Reaming the hole for a press tit to the tubing Don't be alarmed if your handiwork oomes
is also good. Filing the hole to fit may also be out looking like something less than the product
satisfactory, if done with care- A close fit is uf u precision mariiine shop, individual line
important, as the polder should be mainly for sections roughly 2 by 2 inches iu size, with the
strengthening the joint and maintaining align- tuned inner conductors approximately centered
ment, not to achieve electrical contact therein, is good enough. What is important is
the best possible rf path between the lines and
the end plate at the grounded end. Silver plating
helps here, aud is recommended. Throe ways to
do the job arc outlined in any edition of our
Rwlio A matmr** VHF 1/arcuuf. Again we ac-
knowledge the assistance of W1CER, who
furnished the plating solution and a silver anode,
for use in the method he originally outlined
I X...
in Chapter 13 of the Manual. It is easily done,
and in this instance a great help in soldering.
Don't let lack of silver-plating facilities stop
you, however. The filter will work well unplatod,
if the principles are followed otherwise.
fig. 1 —Equivalent circuit of the trap fitter The two tuned Mechanical rigidity is very important., as even
circuits at the center represent the two middle lines of the
minute changes in line capacitance or inductance
filter, which are tuned to the receiving frequency of the
repeater The two outer drcuits are suck-out traps tuned cannot he permitted. The lines are supported
to the transmitting frequency. Aperture coupling between about 10 inches out from the grounded end by
sections is simulated by the capacitors Cn and CA and the means uf M-kich o. ramie cone standoffs. Do
link between the receiver tuned circuits. not go farther out un the line, even the best
insulation near the hot end will affect the Q
adversely.
The stationary plate of each tuning capacitor is fctome features of the filter may show in the
a 1-inch square piece of bra** or copper, soldered photographs but not in the drawings. We made
fo the other end of the lino. The movable plate the partitions adjustable in length, to check the
is a 1-inch disk of (he same material soldered effect of different size apertures, settling on those
to the end of a 10-31* brats* screw. The latter given iu the drawings as most desirable for our
rnns through the brass end plate, to which purposes* With the line lengths used, our 1-inch
brass nut* have been soldered on either side, to capacitor plates tune the lines at quite close
make a beaiing for the adjusting screw. sparnngs, and tuning is tricky. Wo added L-
Soldering was done with a ltt)0-watt iron. Do shapod capacitor tabs to the side walls of the
not try it with anything smaller. A torch is pre- titter, with a surface 1 by % inches JU size spaced
ferable, if you're experienced in its use. Hie bear- about 1 jit inch from the side of the line, near the
ing nuts can be soldered to the brass plate easily open end. This allows greater spacing of the
if they are run onto » 10-32 screw ro a "finger^ tuning disks from the fixed plates on the line
light" condition, and soldered in place, Inking ends, giving some vernier effect.
care not to run the solder up over the nut and Input and output coupling leads are l^-inch
onto the holding screw. straps of flashing copper, soldered to the lines at
Wo are indebted to W1CER for an easy way points l>g inch out from the grounded euds, and
to solder the disks to the adjusting screws. He bent parallel to the lines and about inch from
suggested chucking the screw in a drill press them, running to BNC fittings on the end plate.
vertically, running u brass nut unto the bottom Partitions and end plates are 2 inches high
end, and then bringing this down against the when bent, with %-inch Hps top aud bottom, and
center of the disk, resting on a flat piece of wood on one end in the case uf the partitions. Whether
on the drill-press table. The amenably can be held you use a standard chassis or make the whole
in alignment this way while soldering. Don't assembly of sheet metal as was done here will
let go too soon; using that much heat requires have some bearing on how the metal work is
an appreciable eooling-off time, before the joint done. Partitions will be the same either way, but
is mechanically uulkL Some similar holding the end plates will be simple flat pieces that
arrangement is also a great aid in doing a neat fasten to the ends of the chassis, whereas ours
job uf soldering the plates onto the line ends. have lips bent over on all four edges. A chassis
Joining of the lines and the end plates also cover plate will be 8 by 17 inches, instead of the
calls for some kind of jig or fixture. We damped larger size used here for top and bottom plates.

March 1970 43
 Looking into the fitter from the top, we
i « e the dtstc-fype tuning copodton at
the right. Each tuned line is supported
on a cone insulator, to provide rigidity,
as tuning for optimum performance Is
criticaL Though a handmade assembly
is shown, the dimensions are such that
a standard 8 by 17"-indi
could be used.

Holes in the bottom of the assembly drilled for detector. (This same technique is useful in solv-
mounting the cone standoffs (?an he a hit larger ing other frequency problems with fm gear.)
than necessary to pass the mounting screws. This Put your signal source on the receiving fre-
will allow sojne movement uf the cone before quency of the repeater first. With the duplexer
tightening in place, to correct any small mis- in the receiver line, tuue 0% and C% for maximum
alignment of the four lines. signal. These circuits tune uncritically, but a
relatively weak signal will help in optimum
Adjustment tuning.
One problem with fm equipment is that precise Now put the signal source on the transmitting
adjustment of receiving gear may nut he easy frequency* and tune in the signal on the receiver.
if you do not have tost equipment designed for Leaving C? and 0% us seb, adjust t'[ and C7* for
fm servicing. Our duplexer can be tested much minimum signal. These circuits tune very sharply,
more readily with an unmodulated signal source and you may he surprised at the depth of the
and an a-m receiver equipped with an tf-meter Hudc-oub <>f the unwanted signal. (Tnless you
than with the repeater transmitter and receiver. started with a receiver-blocking signal, the nignal
A signal generator that cau be moved to any may disappear completely, in which case increase
desired frequency ia also useful an & signal simu- the strength of the nignal source and repeak the
lator. No modulation is necessary, and f.he *uck-out capacitors. Tighten the lock nuts just
generator need not be accurately calibrated, if enough so that the screws will not move unless
you can listen to the repeater transmitter and turned with a hcrftwdriver. Final adjustment
zero the generator on it with the aid of an ft-m •should be checkcd with the duplexer in the posi-

kt*

>K r—u-

r AKflTUtltCS} 5=2

4 jg) sjfPU. W^LOWS

hocjc, w stsmeci * ts m a x , kttom
•^ ^ j z y w " v /
tfitxmt
us-Lii
»SOLI

•i tfURMtM
13

•H L4
64

tr-
Fig. 2—Principal details of the trap filter, designed for inclusion in an 8 by 17-inch chassis, or assembled from sheet
metal as described. Assembly can be made longer, for lower-C tuned circuits and less aWcal tuning, if greater than
standard chassis length is permissible.

44 QST for
 4-40 TAB ID NOLO
SEND AUCM69 90*
ALL UMEt *0»
END PLATE, Z REQD, PARTITION, 3 REOD.
o •
!> O « O O 0 receiver deseusiti&ation is the radiation of broad-
M Mb, 2 S
UES •10| 4-40rM? 22HOLE9
•i
A" » o
| SlDCt'£HtQU
JLv<
tion id which it is to be used, w best rejection
is achieved only with very precise adjustment,
tuid even the flight mechanical atrease* introduced
in the mounting process may detune it up"
preftiably,
PBrformance
With the simple procedure outlined, we came
up with a rejection of the unwanted frequency
higher than we could measure by simple methods,
but it was determined to be well in excess of AO
dB, Insertion loss at the desired frequency wan
only about I dB. Either quality can be improved
by adjustment of (-he aperture fixe*, hut at the
otpense of the other quality.
It should be emphastaod that there are many
causes of receiver desensitization in vhf repeaters,
some uf which are only slightly affected by a
device of (his kind. Achieving high isolation
between transmitter and receiver in rather like
curing moat TVI problems, in that a combination
of factors is usually involved. As with TVI pre-
vention and cure, you "peel them off in layers/'
and often nu one corrective measure does the
whole job. Keeping transmitter rf power out of
the receiver antenna line will do little good if
transmitter and receiver shielding is inadequate,
or if power cables tend to couple transmitter
power into the receiver. Solutions for these
problems almost exactly follow TVT-proofing
practice, which is well established.
The transmitter power level and the separation
between ttie transmitting and receiving antennas
are two obvious factors, having obvious but not
necessarily easy solutions* Proper use of the
duplexer makes both relatively unimportant.
The duplexer is very helpful in the situation
common to many repeaters: lack of space on a
tower for appreciable vertical spacing of vertical
radiators. A duplexer cured receiver problems
March 1970
Fig. Metal work suggestions for duplicating the filter
described. As some dimensions will depend on avcrflabb
materials and assembly methods used, dimensions given
should be regarded gs approximate only. Bid plates are
silver-plated brass. The size-A holes are Na 10 drill,
for the tuned end of the filter, and H-inch diameter for
the grounded end of the Ones. Two differenNsize partitions
are needed, dimension L being 13 inches for Hie center
one and 10 inches for the two on either side. No side
plates would be needed if a chassis is used, and only one
cover plate would be required. The 4 holes for mounting
the line supports are needed In the bottom cover
[or chassis surface) only.
in one repeater that used ground planes 10 feet
apart, whereas a 60-foot ur greater separation
would have been needed without it.
A common but frequently neglected cause of
band noise by the transmitter* This varies greatly
•j
with transmitter design, but is to be expected
in most commercial fm transmitters designed to
operate over wide frequency ranges without
major retaining. Noise from the transmitter is
discussed in detail in two very useful articles in
Ham Hadio.1'2 Incidentally, the footnote refer-
ence in the second article to the first gives the
wrong year. They're both I9tW issues — and
well worth your time.
Our duplexer . was first checked ou a repeater
using tie same equipment as that treated by
W6GDO in the second of the referenced articles
— and it did only a perceptible amount of good.
In tests at various levels of transmitter power
and with different. antenna separations, we
measured only to 4 dB improvement in
receiver desenaitiaation with the duplexer; not
enough to be worth the trouble of building and
adjusting iL But with other signal sources and
other receivers we made complete cures in situa*
tious where the receiver performance had been
degraded by much as 16 dB when the trans-
mitter came on.
This led us to try running the duplexer in the
transmitter line, just out of curiosity, tuning the
rejection circuits to knock out radiated noise
at the receiving frequency. Transmitter power
had to be reduced, from 50 watts down to 17,
to prevent Aashover in tlie duplexer. At this level
an imtial dedensitization of 11 dB was reduced
to a barely detectable 2 dB with the duplexer in
the circuit. Transmitter power loss was only 3
watts in 17, ur under 1 dB. The right way to
solve this problem is to fix the transmitter, as
outlined by W6GDO,1 but it is interesting to see
how much the duplexer helped when used in
this originally-unintended way. It would appear
from this that the duplexer might help in other
situations where cross-modulation and other
forms of receiver overloading are encountered
from signal sources of fixed frequency.
1 Murphy. "Receivimc System Degradation in FM Re-
peater*," Ham Radio, May, ldtlft, p. 36.
' O'Brien," Improving the KM Repeater Transmitter for
Amateur Use," Ham Radio, October, 1969. p. 24.
48
 Reducing- Transmitter Noise
Our Motorola transmitter being similar to the
one modified by W0GDO, wa made hi* rnnom-
mended change* first. Then additional
work was done to improve circuit reluctivity.
Modifications currently in the transmitter are
as follows:
7V7 First Doubter — 10 pP added, plate to
ground. 7C5 Tripler—10 pP grid to ground,
and a UU-pF miniature mica trimmer, plate to
ground. 70G Second Doubler — 20-pP minia-
ture mica trimmer, grid to ground, and 11-pP
miniature air trimmer (Johnmn 189-50 plate
to ground. 2J326 Doubter-Driver — 1 L-pF raini*-
ture air trimmer, grid to ground, v i s B Amplifier
— 11-pF miniature butterfly (Johnson tGO-211),
grid to grid, rotor grounded. This was mounted
in a hole drilled iu the edge of the chassis, to
permit tuning with the bottom cover on.
Variable naparitors were set U* the highest
value that would permit tuning the associated
circuits with their core ship*. Two birm were
removed from the top ends of Lhe7£-MHz coils,
and La, and the air trimmers were neb m that
the circuits tune with their brass ntuds near to
the all-out position. Brass slug* lower circuit
Q w* they are run into the noils, so this im-
proves circuit selectivity markedly. The trans-
mitter was tuned rip for maximum grid drive
and output with, the bottom cover oIf, and only
slight repeating was needed after the cover was
installed.
Though W6GD0 reports that only a slight
improvement in receiver deserialisation resulted
from critical tuning of the transmitter circuits,
we found transmitter adjustment to be idU
important. With weak signals on the repeater
input frequency, tuuiug the transmitter circuits
for minimum noise hi the receiver made the
difference between complete readability and
complete inaudibility. With the duplever in the
receiver line it is now possible to practically
eliminate receiver desensitbation, even with
close antenna spacings.
Transmitter adjustments for this ideal result
are so close to tliose for maximum transmitter
output that there is no discernible loaa in radiated
power. Very likely the rather critical tuning is
the result of steps taken to improve the circuit
Q all along the line — bub it would have been
interesting to have tried transmitter adjustment
before the circuit modifications were made.
Comment from K0VQM
Line Ijenfith; The lines should preferably not
l>e shortened below about 0,22 wavelength, as
this makes tuning increasingly difficult*
Coupling: The primary coupling aperture, be-
tween A* and hi, should he adjusted for near
critical coupling for a given input and output
loop size, with the trap circuits detuned. The
Ktae of the input and output loops determines the
loaded Q of the Lines, and consequently the band-
pass. They- should be of equal size and should be
adjusted, along with the primary coupling aper-
ture, for minimum bandwidth consistent with
46
i riser tion-loss considerations. The secondary
coupling aperture* and line spacing between L\
and fa, and fa and h* are major factors affecting
notch depth and shape. Moving the trap lines
with respect to the bandpass lines can make the
difference between a fKMB and an 80-dR notch
depth. The antivibration supports (the cone
insulators in our version) allow some experimen-
tation with this, without rebuilding the filter-
Urns as a dfplexer: The high attenuation at the
transmitting frequency would indicate the possi-
bility of combining this filter with a suitable
transmitting ver*i<m to form a diplexer utilising
one antenna for both transmitting and receiving.
It is anticipated that this should provide ade-
quate isolation for repeater work with a trans-
mission fo^s under 1 dB and a receiver loss of less
than Lb dB.
Effect 0/ Temperature Changes: H is suspected
that thort* may be Mine detuning with large
temperature variations. This has not been veri-
fied, but should be taken into account when the
installation is made, and temperature change kept
io a minimum, if possible.
IJimRTtxionx for the MARS Frequencies: Inside
uf ease — # H by iiO.HJ inches. Lines — j A-inch
tubing, 19H inches long. Apertures — fcf^inch
openings for rejection coupling, 4-inch opening
for bandpass coupling. These dimensions give
80 dB rejection at 143.46 MHz with 1.2 dB
insertion loss at 142.155 MHz. Tuning disks are
%£4uch diameter. No plates on line ends.
t
From the Museum of
Amateur Radio
1
^ Here are tome insulators, both feed-through and 2
strain. Many old timers will recall the little round g
one and the long en-type. These are all Efedrose
g except far the glass one which it the first Pyrex
5 antenna insulator made by Coming. It Is quite J
massive. The design was suggested to Coming by
W1TK and six were made. As far as is known, J
this insulator is unique,—W1 ANA 7
b
c^eiie^rMCMCfJciicfAe^MJC^cMe^cMc^
Q s r for
 [Recent Equipment
tf.cquo.Lrit yoxx wttk-ttoe tadhnicdJL f e a t u r e s of c u r o e n t a m a i e u j ^ e c a i v

Lafayette 99-35313L
146- to 175-MHz FM Receiver
of months ago a catalog search

A COUPLE
was undertaken to find the least- expensive
roceiver that would provide satisfactory
reception of 2-meter fm signals during uncmwded
hand conditions. The rasults of this search are
the Lafayette 99-35313L unit shown here and
the Allied A-2587 receiver described in the next
article.
The Lafayette 99^3fi3I3L receiver is a single-
conversion superheterodyne that supposedly
tunes from 146 to 175 MHz. Fortunately, the
unit provides a little greater coverage — at least
the one we received did — and it tunes the entire
2-meter band. Even if the receiver as supplied
didn't tune the 144- to 148-MHz range, it
would have been no trouble to reset the tunable
oscillator to get this coverage. The 148- tu 175-
MHs coverage of the receiver may at first thought
appear to be of no value to the ham. However,
because there ia a great deal of public service
activity fpolice, fire, utilities, taxicabs, et-
cetera) in this tuning range, the amateur can
easily determine if his receiver iff working
properly or if propagation conditions are good,
even (hough there may be no ham activity at
the time. Even when there are many hams r>n
the 2-meter band, monitoring of i he public
service activities can provide some most enjoy-
able listening.
Ten bipolar transistor? and three semicon-
ductor diodes are used in the Lafayette 99-
Incfcf* view of the Lafayette fm receiver. The rf stage,
mixer, and otdlfatar are in Hie lower loft corner of the
photo, and the i-f circuitry is between the speaker and the
front end. Above the speaker is the discriminator, and to
the left of the dismmlnator is the audio channeL
35313L receiver, which measures « X 3
X inches and weighs only 3 ounces. The
set's feat ures include a handy carrying strap for
the case, a telescoping whip antenna, & jack for
an external antenna, a loudspeaker, an earphone
jack, a built-in power supply, and a jack for
connecting the receiver to an external power
source. Supplied with the receiver are four pen-
light cells, a single earphone, and a sheet on
which are printed the unit's specifications, operat-
ing instructions, arid a schematic*
Circuit DetailM
A block diagram of the Lafayette 99-35313L
is shown in Fig. 1, Signals coming from the
collapsible whip antenna or from an external
antenna are fed to the emitter of a grounded-
base rf amplifier, Q u The 14^ to 175-MHs
output of Qx is fed to the emitter of a grounded-
baae mixer, <?2- Also arriving at the emitter of
Q% is the 135,3- to 164.3-MHz output of a
Colpitis VFO, Q* The 10.7-MHs output of
<?2 Is amplified by three i-f stages, Qi, Q& and
Single-tuned transformer coupling is used
between Q* and Q±} between Q4 and and
between Q$ and CRu a diode across the
primary of Qis collector transformer, acts as a
limiter.
The 10.7-MHx output of Cfc is fed to a ratio-
detector type of discriminator, CRq and CR&
A three-stage audio cliaunel amplifies the audio
output of the discriminator and feeds it to an
8-ohm speaker. The audio volume nf the set
is controlled by a potentiometer iu the base

March 1970 47
 C 0 U * P M i e Wy f RFJU*
WHIP ANT mat
FTg. 1—Block diagram of the Lafayette 99-35313L fm
receiver*
circuit of the first audio amplifier, Q?m RC-
cnupling IB used between Qt and the second
audio amplifier stage, The audio output
stage, which employs <^9 and Q10 iu a pu&h-pull
configuration, is transformer coupled t-o Q* and
to the speaker. The earphone jack is wired to
the output circuit in such a manner that plugging
in the earphone supplied with the uruL dis-
co nnecte the npeaker, Audio output i» rated at
a maximum of 180 milliwatts.
The four penlight cells mentioned earlier are
connected in series to provide a supply voyage
of nix volts. Under normal operating conditions,
it 19 claimed that these cells will provide 100
hows of receiver operation.
PhyMical Dmtailm
The physical detail* of the unit should he
quite evident from an examination of the photo-
graphs. The reset of the unit is a three-piece
affair made of plastic. Prying up the smallest
section of the esse with a coin makes the re-
ceiver's AA-cell holder accessible for battery
replacement. The set's collapsible whip antenna
is swivel-mounted on a bracket at the rear of
the case. This arrangement permits the antenna
to be positioned vertically ur horizontally, or
collapsed against the case, while the seL sits
upright.
Most of the components in the receiver are
mounted on a printed-eircuit board The general
parte arrangement of the set, a Japanese import,
resembles that used in most of today's transistor
HO portables.
Performance
In this writer's opinion the Lafayette UQ-
35313L receiver performed quite well* considering
the set's simple circuitry and $17.95 price tag.
Signals of about 0.15 pV were the weakest that
were discernible, and signals of about 0.5 pV and
greater were solid copy. After the set was
48
KAMP I-FAUP F-P AMP
adjusted for optimum performance in the 144-
to MK-Mllz range, the image response was
about 55 dB down. With no signals tuned in,
the set idles at about K to in mA, When a signal
was tuned in and the volume control adjusted
for a comfortable listening level, the current
•train increased to about 20 mA,
The set was tried in the writer** home and
i?ar, and the only difficulty found with ignition
noise was on the weakest of signal*. Fortunately,
because the Lafayette receiver seems to detect
a-ni signals just as well as fm signals, the re-
ceiver can be quite useful in areas where there is
only fwn activity. At the times the receiver was
tested, most of the amateur stations heard were
uu artn. Using only the set and its collapsible
whip antenna, we were able to copy with ample
volume several stations up to 20 miles distant.
Because of the reviver's small si«e and low-
power drain, the het should make a fine unit for
hidden-transmitter hunts and for emergency
communications. An ac adapter is available for
those who want to do a lot of fomentation
receiving, yet keep their batteries in tip-top
shape for portable or emergency operation,
A 27- to fiO-MH* version of this receiver is
also available. Listed as the y^35339L, it prob-
ably can be readjusted to provide ti-meter
coverage. — WtYDS
Lafayette SS-3S313L Receiver
Height: 6 inches.
Width: S c i n c h e s .
Depths 1% inches.
Weight 1 8 ounce**
Power Requirement; 6 volts lfl-5flmA.
Price Class: $18; ac adapter: 14.
Distributor: Lafayette Radio Electronic*,
111 Jericho Turnpike, Syosset,
Lome Island* New York 11791.
QST for
 Allied A-2587
146- to 175-MHz FM Receiver
HE Allied A-2587 fm receiver pictured here
T is quite similar to the Lafayette 9^35313L
described in the preceding article. From a
close examination of the two units it appears
that both receivers were built by the same
Japanese manufacturer. Because the units are
»o much alike, mainly the differences will be dis-
cussed here.
Both Lafayette and Allied advertise that their
respective receivers tune from 146 to 175 Mils.
Fortunately, however, the Allied A-2587 we
received tuned below 146 MHz, as did the
Lafayette unit. Because the A-2587 didn't quite
tune down to 144 MHz, we readjusted the tun-
able VFO until the Allied receiver covered the
entire 2-meter band.
Electrically there are few differences between
the two receivers. Except for the diode types
used for C'R\, Ctt% and CR* in the block diagram
of the Lafayette tub (see page 48), the block diagrams of the receivers are identical, CRI i*
a 18426 in the A-2587, and CR2 and Clt2 are
each iS188s, The only other electrical difference
between the two «ets is found in the input
rircuito of the rf amplifiers. Fig, 1A is a schematic
of the Lafayette rf amplifier, and Fig. IB is a
schematic of the Allied rf fatag*. The Allied
front end has^two extra tuned circuits: LiCti and
LiC%> By adjusting for maximum sensitivity
in the middle of the 2-ineter band (146 MHz)

A
and by adjusting L\CA\ for maximum attenuation
of the image frequency (121.6 MHi), we w*re
able to obtain about 50 decibels of image rejection
for the 144- to 148-MHz range. A high image
rejection ratio is desirable, since the image fre-
quencies (on th&e receivers) for the 2-meter
band are in the aircraft band, where signals
teud to be rattier potent, Except for image
talde view of the Allied receiver. The rf stage, mixer, and
(Continued on page ftp)
oscillator are at the right, the i-f stages are at the lop
center, the discriminator h below the speaker, and the
audio channel is to the fight of the discriminator*

EXCEPT AS INDICATED, DECIMAL VALUES OP

CAPACFFAHCE ARC IN MICROFARADS ( | F | ;
QTKEft ARE IN t pF OR JjFi;
PICOFARADS
fiuisrANCEa ARC IK OHMS;
fc* 1000, MHOOO 000.

fig. 1 —(A) Schematic diagram of the rf stage of the Lafayette 99-35313L, and (B) schematic diagram of the rf stage
of the Allied A-2587. Component labels are for text reference.

March 1970 49
 An Aid for Plotting Satellite Orbits
BY LAWRENCE A. EDLER,* WB6MVK
XTUCH has been written to aid the amateur in
•^"•plotting and obtaining data from the various
amateur satellites. The October issue of fiSr
contained an excellent article by WA1IU0 and W,
Danielsonl describing techniques for plotting the
orbit of the Australis Oscar. In my own attempts
to get ready for receiving this satellite 1 used
several hypothetical examples in order to train
myself to construct the orbital projections 1 would
need to track the satellite.
Following directions^, 1 first drew a circle with a
radius of 1235 nautical miles from my QTEL1 used
a modified polar projection published by the
ARRL centered on the central USA. 1 then
proceeded to plot a hypothetical orbit assuming
that the satellite crossed the equator at 100 degrees
west longitude, 1 took the data listed on page 56 of
the October QST and determined a point for each
two-minute interval given in the table. By connect-
ing these points 1 determined the possible path of
the satellite. Whenever the orbit of the satellite
passes within the circle, I am in business.
it then occurred to me that any plot of an orbit
based on the same Inclination and period would be
* 102 Northrop Place, Santa Cru&, CA 95060.
1 W. Danlelson and S. Giick, "Australia Oscar 5
Where It's At," QST^ pages 54-56*
«IbkL
Fig. 1. Orbital plot of satellite and a template for a
North Polar projection.
50
Here are a few practical ideas on plotting
satellite orbits. The info relates particularly
to Australis-Oscar 5 Jmt it's also of use to
ami tews tracking weather satellites in sim-
ilar oibits.
exactly the same as ail the others, given a different
starting point on the equator. In other words, each
plot would be a Chinese copy of all the others.
This fact lends itself to a more efficient manner of
plotting succeeding orbits*
1 made a template by tracing the orbit I had
plotted on a piece of heavy cardboard and cutting
it to size. Using a projection such as the ARRL
map, it is best to let the equator be the bottom
side of the template, the attending phase the right
side and the decending phase the (eft side. By
simply lining up the template with the correct
longitude at the time of the satellite's crossing of
the equator, a crayon can be used to trace that
particular orbit.
I found the best projection was a straight polar
projection. In my case it was an old aeronautical
chart, ^ Here again 1 repeated the process used to
(Continued on page 65J
3 Polar protection maps, called APT Plotting
Charts, are available from Mr. Robert W. Popham,
APT Coordinator, U.5. Department of Commerce,
Environmental Science Services Administration,
National Environmental Satellite Center,
Washington, D.C. 20283.
Fifl> 2, Orbital plot of satellite and a template for a
Mercator projection.
QST for
 Results, 9th World-Wide RTTY DX
Medallion" Sweepstakes
tt

HE SEQUEL to any DX R T T Y SS is almost I1CWX . . 40,600 WIBFS . v .

T always the story of propagation — coruiition*.
This year, as contrasted to last year, they were fair.
K61LL - . .
11 KPL • , .
t

36,790
33,422
HA5KFB .
EL2BD . . .
. . .4674
. . .3564
Activity throughout the world is picking up, DL8CX . . « 32,500 VE2AXO , .
VE3RTT** f 30,624 WfTFP . . . . . .3000
especially in America as is evidenced by the W2DIZ , . 29,448
9 K7JGM . . . . .2618
number of stations heard. VE5LG . . t 27,180 WflITU . . . . . .2430
Some 39 countries were worked, and 3 sta- WB6QFE . t 24,795 K2YEQ . . . . . .2340
tions QSOed all continents. VU2KV, ZS60Y, HA5FE . . • 20,538 VE3FJB . . , . . .2338
TU2AK, KC4ADD and EL2BD are but a few of F9RC . . . 20,032 VE7LL . . . . . .2280
the more exotic stations worked. Fifteen meters VE6MM . . * 19,136 W7VKO . . . , .2152
was a very popular band, and 20 had Us moments. W2FAN , . * 18,411 EI5BH • • i i . . .1968
Many requests have been made for a complete WA4VYL . * 17,280 ON5WG . . . . .1800
W6FFY , . 16,002 VE7BWL , - . .1750
summary of the content activity. Such information
*

K9BJM . . t 15.888 WB2UYD . ,

and complete statistics are available, and can be W2HAJ . , * 15,435 GH3RS . . . . .1368
obtained by sending a large envelope 9 x 12 inches WA6TLA . » 15,408 W6AEE . . . , . .1352
to CARTG, US Fifeshire RcL, Willowdale, Ont„ K0JHE . . • 14,544 WAlHOL . . . .1200
Canada, with an IRC to cover postage. K4GJW . . t 14.520 VE5DO . , , . . . 936
The 12 Medallion awards arc presently being K6LFM . . • 13,257 VE7AFJ . . . . 580
hand engraved. Certificate* are about ready and a VE3FBP . k 13,146 W7CBY . .
VOIEE . . « 12,930 K8QLO . . , . . . 432
big effort is being made to have them delivered KH6GLU . 11,670 VE7CZ . . .
early in the New Year. K8KAG . . 10,968 OKtMP . . ,
< . . . 210
Our thanks to ail who contributed su much to K2RYI . . m 10,584 0Z60B . . . . . . 174
make the 9th R T T Y DX "Medallion" SS a success. I1YRK . . » 10.317 DJSJK . . . .
— VE3GK. CARTG C6nt*sf Chairman. K4A.T . . . VE3RH . 84
SM3BHT . . .8505 W8TCO 36
VE4FG , . K9WJB . . . &
SCORES PJ2CR . , . i
VE3AFK
WA0GYQ . . .6024
Listed below aic the final scores of all entrants K0IBB . . , . .5697 Late Logs • -
who submitted logs. A single asterisk denotes a SV0WO . . . .5434 11THB . . , . . 12J44
Medallion Award winner: double asterisk, equals a F3PI . . . . . .5130 SMiKV . . . . . . 416
station listed for record purposes only, not eligible
Soapbox
for awards. Without doubt this is the best DX contest o f the
year. Propagation was very bad here. Rest period
Top Ten of 12 hours is e x c e l l e n t . — Q N 4 B X . Had a good
ON4BX . -756,360 G3MWI 357,416 time and learnt a lot. Many thanks to C A R T G
W3KV . . .415,765 WA3HXR/YV .306,072 from the Valley of the Green Keys — VE7BWL. 1
W4YG . . .367,540 VK.3DM 304,640 returned from travel abroad on Sunday 5th and
W3ABT . .364,752 WIBZT 284,200 just wanted to show the flag! — OZ60B. It was a
very good contest and conditions were excellent. 1
W9HHX . .362,480 W8CQ 280,060
was astonished to see so few narrow shift stations,
(All Medallion winners) only stx contacts oat of 84 were 170 Herts shift
— HB9P. f didn't hear the countries on the air
Other Scores WB6JSY . . .108,836 this year that 1 did last year. Enjoyed the test,
XElYJ . . . .104,928 hope others had as much fun - W7TZL. Contest
W7TZL . . . .275.570 WB6RXM . . .102,344 very difficult for the bad and poor propagation on
HP1HXG . . .251,392 ON4CK . . . .100,068 all bands. No Asian and African stations heard —
YV5AVW . . .237.650 VE7UBC* . . 94,930 UCLC. There were many more narrow shift
I1CGE . . . . .226,484 HK3SO . - . . 92,488 stations on, and sure this made things easier as the
I1CAQ . . . * 225,992 ZM2ALW/ . . 91,840 band was not so jammed up — ZM2ALW/ZM2.
SM4CMG . . .209,120 DL1VR . . . . 91,476 Please reschedule so that the contest does not
K7MNZ . . . .202,440 HA5KBK - . . 89,100 come on the same weekend as the VK/ZL Oceania
UCLC . . . . .200,096 . . 89,088 phone contest — KH6GLU, The contest was to
WBCAT . .
W3PYW . . . .198,932 . . 86.268 me the best yet. I wish you every success with the
W6IOX . .
DJ6JC . . . . . 191.216 . . 73.5on arduous paper work — VK3DM. Have only been
K2LGJ . .
HB9P . . - 190,476 . . 66.120 on R T T Y since May of this year. Had a ball on my
I1ROL . .
WA2YVK . . .132,000 . . 61,942 first weekend on 20 meters — W1BFS. Had been
KftNCO . .
llbiVK . . . .129.760 . , 60,060 planning full time this contest but had to work on
VE5DR . .
G6JF . . , . .115,248 my job this weekend — SM4CMG. Thoroughly
WA0GED . . . 57,035
. .115,220 enjoyed participating in your contest as a new
WB2JBH . W0DDW . • . . 50,048
..11 3,568 comer — WA3HXR/YVS. Unusual to hear so
WA6WGI. - VF2HI. , . , . 48,360
. .109,944 many Eastern U»S. stations with antenna pointed
W3ILZ . . CE3EX , . . , 43,008
. .109,080 west — WBbRXM.
K4VDM . . DL8VX . . . . 42.054

March 1970 51
 In the Public Interest, Gonvemence,Necessity
CONDUCTED BY GEORGE HABT,* WINJM
IMPACT REPORT
Minute 75 uf the May, 1969, ARRL Board of
Directors meeting states that "the Communications
Department is instructed to conduct a study into,
and at the next meeting of the Board report on,
the impact of citizens^band groups, MARS and
other operations in areas in which emeigpncy
preparedness activities have traditionally been car-
tied on by amateur radio, and to recommend
possible adaptive changes in the structure of our
emergency preparedness service." The report was
prepared by the Communications Manager and
presented to the Board at its Nov. i , 1969,
meeting. It was published, partly in paraphrase
form, in the January, 1970, CD Bulletin, The
subject has become known simply as "Impact*"
At the behest of Roanoke Division Director
Clark (W4KFC), who made the original motion, we
present herewith the substance of the report
submitted to the Board last November, aince the
subject is of concern to ail amateurs, in addition to
those holding ARRL appointments.
The report is divided into eight sections, seven
of which trace the history uf A URL's public
service efforts, explore diverging views on the
subject, compare ARRL and government amateur
programs, evaluate the extent of ARRL influence,
discuss the function of the National Industry
Advisory Committee, and examine the extent of
"Citizens Band intrusion*1 on traditional amateur
functions in this field. Here is a summary of the
report:
* Communications Manager, &RKL.
52
HAM
History
ARRL sponsorship of public service by amateurs
goes back to the teens (the Trunk Lines) and has
continued to the present day in administration and
implementation of the ARRL Emergency Corps
(later the AREC1, the National Traffic System
(NTS), the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Scrvice
tRACES) and the Amateur Radio Public Service
Corps (ARPSC, combining AREC and NTS), Assis-
tance and cooperation during this period has been
rendered to the Army Amateur Radio System
iAARS), the U,S, Naval Communications Reserve
(NCR), and the Military Affiliate (Amateur) Radio
Service (MARS, three separate military services).
The Citizens Radio Service (''Citizens Band") had a
"practical" birthdate of 1958, when it was assigned
the 11-meter band. It enters into the current study
because of its increasing participation in public
service communications, especially those which
perform services which have traditionally been the
function of amateurs.
Diverging Views
Despite the obvious perspicacity of those who
took the trouble to comment (not very many,
considering the potential), it appears obvious that
regtonalness or provincialism in viewpoint is a
handicap to anything approaching unanimity; thus
the divergence of views makes specific or definite
conclusions difficult to come by.
League Vs. Government Programs
Somewhat disturbing Is the apparent lack of any
strong support for the League's traditional stand
for a "single strong facility" uf amateurs. Consider-
ation of this factor leaves us with the question:
"Should we continue to sponsor our own public
service organization while government agencies
drain more and more of our people away, or
should we abandon our efforts and lend full
support to those amateur groups sponsored by
government?"
The Mt. Airy VHF ARC ot Philadelphia sponsors
an annual traffic program at Christmas time as well
as providing outlets to the USO the year around.
Seated are W3KKN, President of the radio club,
and S, Harry Galfand, representative of the city,
who is reading a message sent to Vietnam by
Philadelphia's Mayor Tate. Standing are Jeanne B.
Cressy, Assistant Director of the Philadelphia USO,
and K3WEIL (Photo hv City of Philadelphia)
QST for
Extentof ARRL Influence
Actually, the extent of ARRL's influence on
any program influencing amateurs has been great -
whether it be government, semi-government,
qua&i-govcrnment or non-government. Almost
without exception, the agencies have CM me to the
League tor assistance and support and have invar-
iably received it. Thus, amateur participation in
these groups h a tribute to the league's assistance
in getting them started, and in this tight it is the
League's program as well as that of the sponsoring
agency.
But even beyond and above this, any service
rendered by amateur radio is a service of the
League, since the League is primarily responsible
for the amateurs' interest in public service, and
since the League's own programs are open to ail
amateurs. The general public docs not care what
organization is responsible for the service; its
gratitude descends un the general institution of)
amateur radio, and through this we all benefit.
I
NIAC
This is the National Industry Advisory Com-
mittee, set up by FCC to form a national emer- The Franklin County (Ohio) AREC assisted the
gency communications plan. The amateur radio Sports Car Club of America on September 20 with
subcommittee has the task of devising an overall communications for the U.S. Championship Road
basic amateur radio plan. With the prospect of slow Rally. Because of the heavy volume of traffic (2
progress, the present RACUS rules were designated cars per minute for ten hours) some special
the 'interim" amateur radio plan. Unfortunately, message routing schemes were developed.
progress has been even slower than envisioned, and Apparently they worked, because 1300 messages
NIAC is not on the verge of producing a solution were passed in the ten-hour period. Pictured her*
to the dilemma. are K8DDG (behind car)r his father (standing) and
WB8AGD (operating six-meter rig) at one of the
Citizens Band "Intrusion"
relay stations.
Many amateur organizers feel frustrated in not
being able to offer as good a service as their local not, at this time, be advisable to attempt to make
CB groups. Some have tried to enroll CBers in the any CB services a part of our own sponsored
AREC, some have set out on a course of cooper- organization.
ation, but in most cases there is bitterness or l<
Additionally, because of the increasingly appar-
contempt between the two groups, with an over- ent need for coordinated planning at the national
whelming majority of ARRL appointees opposed level, and the unlikelihood of early improvement
to having any "truck" with them. The element of of the Mtuation through NIAC alone, I would
legality of present CB public service operations propose to redouble the League's efforts to stren-
enters the picture, with many CD directors now gthen liaison with the several MARS headquarters
utilizing their services unaware that there is at and with OCD in Washington, looking toward
present no provision for their continuance in the promulgation by all concerned of definitive guide-
event of a national emergency or that some of their lines which will enable better planning and cooper-
present public services are technically illegal. ation in the field, and help to avoid jurisdictional
conflict and inefficicncy."
Recommendations The study continue*, and additional reports will
{This part of the report is quoted in full, because be forthcoming. AH League members are involved,
it represents the culmination of the study.) as indeed are all amateurs. If you want your ARRL
"A specific recommendation is hard to make to hccomc more deeply involved in this crucial
along definitive lines because the situation is so aspect of amateur radio, write your director and
fluid. In general, however, it would appeal' that the tell him so and let him know how you feel about it
best interests of the amateuT will be served by i IJ - because you are ARRL.
continuing to exhort amateur* to perform emer-
gency communications services, both in prepara-
tion and during emergencies, to the extent of their Change in PSHR Standard
ability, while at the same time (2) coordinating Effective with January activities, the require-
efforts with the CRS wherever this is well enough ment for Public Service Honor Roll is raised from
organized locally to be recognized be served 25 to 30 points. The very first PSHR listing
agencies such as c.d. and <3) concentrating on showed a great interest on the part of those
those areas which, by their nature, can be served amateurs actively participating in the organiza-
only by amateur radio. In my opinion it would tional aspects of traffic handling and emergency

March 1970 53
communication - so much, in fact, that the
column took a bit more than the amount of space
anticipated for it. While it is not desired to make
achieving the Honor Roll so difficult that only a
small handful can reach it, nor base it on space
availability alone, it is desirable to keep it down to
a reasonable level and retain its "selectness." A* a
rule of thumb, if it exceed* half a QST page,
something will have to be done to <1) reduce the
number of achievers or (2) alter the format so that
more achievers can be accommodated tn the tame
space. So, the April QST PSHR will require thirty
points instead of the former 25.
Your PSHR points are normally reported to the
SOM, who forwards them to headquarters with his
monthly report. Your report to the SCM should
reach him by the fifth of the month to insure being
included in his report. If for some reason you do
not make this deadline, you may tend it direct to
headquarters for PSHR listing only - that is, if you
aren't eligible for the Honor Roll, forget it. But if
you have the required 30+ points, we can still get
you in the PSHR listing if it gets here not later
than the 20th.
Keep the comments coming. Wc can't always
acknowledge them, but we do study them careful-
ly. - WINJM.
Traffic Talk
A minor point, but the question rumes up,
about net traffic count, regarding a QNC message
which is QSLM by part but not all of the net. Does
it count? One for each QSL, or one for every three
QSLs, or just one? How do the net stations count
it In their individual totals?
The basic thing to remember is that a message
does not count anything for anybody on the air
unless U Is both transmitted and receipted f"r.
Thus, u QNC or a urie-way transmission of any
message without a QSL from the receiving etid is
not countable for the message or BPL total. Also,
there is only one count per handling; there is no
magic, easy way of counting a handling as two ur
more points.
The question which arises, in the case of a QNC,
is how many of the net stations have to OSL it in
order for it to count? One? Half? A majority? All?
It1* a question that hasn't really come up, but a
54
QNC is addressed to all net stations, so logically
one would a&scime all net stations should QSL it.
But then supposing one nr more uf them does not
and is not heard from again, does this mean the
message cannot he counted? Or supposing one or
more of the net stations don't copy it at M and the
NCS or whoever is sending it has to repeat the
whole thing, does it count attain? If so, what is to
prevent a NCS from sending the same message to
each net station individually and getting a QSL. to
run up the net traffic total?
Whoa, let's back up and tackle these questions
one at a time. Hrst of all, let's establish a majority
as the required QSL for a QNC to count as a net
message. That is, the net counts it as one handling
the sending station counts it as one orixitiated for
relayed if he did not originate it) and each station
who QSLs counts it as one received. Usually after a
QNC, the sending station calls for QSL land the
NCS calls the roll), »r "no QSL," in which case
there is no count involved. If a copier says he
received the messHKtf, it is assumed he has a written
copy; if not, he should not give himself a
reived" point, in message handling parlance, QSL
does not just mean " I hear you talking, man.1* It
means "I have received your message correctly and
completely in writinx"
Does it count again if it has to be repeated? Vet,
if It is necessary to repeat the whole thing, but not
just to repeat part, ur to give "fills11 to those who
are missing words or phrases. What is to prevent a
net from padding its total by sending the same
message a number of times1? Not a thing, except its
conscience in the knowledge that this is a form of
cheating.
No doubt this discussion will leave half a dozen
or so more questions, i^t'shave "em. - WtNJM.
National I'm?tic System. Hrnt K«ston Net Mansf
WIEFW his i*tucd certificates to Wis BUF it JI K K, KIM
y > D l*RH, WAU PCM HOL, W2 FK 2RN cam® elost to
2U0 oercmt representstIon since there were dual rep* nearly
hU the time to handle the extra Christmas load. Howie also
uty* that after last month** black mark Tor the act, he has
nathiiif bat superlatives for December; what with perfect rep
from the section* vnrf largest traffic total since December,
W3NEM also reports a food month for JRN with
traffic much better than in HfrS. Still, some nets have traffic
problems mid W7BQ reports traffic on RN7 M still down
from a year ago although representation has improved
especially frnm Montana and Oregon. WA9s OTQ TZK and
WEZ have earned TEN certificates tuned by W0LGG. TWN
manager K7NHJL claims he is a failure because he nutde BPL
again. HA tays that's a sure sign that he tsnt persuasive
enough in getting other people to take some TWN dutiea;
come on you guys, why not ghre Bob a rest?
Dee ember reportx.
Set Sessions i'ntjfic Avg. Hep(%)
1 RN j i 6J 40S •446 I4.fr
2KN loo? 16,1 100(0
.IRN oM 11.U Vtk9
4KN m .W4 12/2 M.7
RN5 7W ,41S 13.7 90.3
The Kentuckiana Radio Club of Louisville
participated in a hobby show held at the state
fairgrounds from November 8 to 16. Twenty-one
of the club members participated by manning the
booth and operating W4ABK/4 during the show.
More than one hundred messages were originated
and fifty prosepecttve licensees were signed up for
d Novice trainin class. Closed-circuit TV and h
microphone connected to an oscilloscope were
used as additional attention getters. K4YZU is
shown manning the booth during one of the less
active periods.
QST for
KN6 . . . , 1595 «809 29L7 98.9
RN7 . » • . , . ss 513 .363 8.8 47,4
8RN . . . . 847 .460 13,7 96.7
9RN . . . . . . 62 512 .572 13.1 90.7
TEN P . . . . , 62 816 .68$ 13.8 84.5
ECN . . . . . . 57 284 .269 5.0 88.1
TWN . . . . 538 .394 9.4 72.4
EAN , - , . . . 31 2704 1.742 87.2 96.3
CAN . . . . 1679 1.412 54.2 100.0
PAN . . . . . . 31 2200 1.303 70,9 100 JO
TCC Eastern p , 1S9l 1332
TCC Central , . JJ 1176
TCC Pacific . i , J47 1 1714
Section*? . , . 20 SS 19093 6.6

Summary » . p 2901 39405 EAN 19.6

Record . . . . 3450 91705 1.916 27,3 -

'TCC functions, not counted as net aeeriona.

^Section and local nets reporting <t>4>; VSBN, VN (Va.);
EPA, PTTN, EPAEPTN, PFN (Pa-): KTN» KCATN (KjrJ; Q1N
(lnd»); MTN (Man.); NCNL, NONE (NXX);?VTEN (N.J.);
GN> FMTN, VEN, WFPN, FAST, QFN, FPTN, TPTN (Fia.);
SON, NCN (CaL); AENB, A END, AENH, AENR, AENT
<Ata.); WSSB, QMN (Mich.); NYS, NYCLIPN (N.Y.); WSN,
WARTS, NTN (Wash.)! QCJ5N, Central Ohio, OSN. QSSB,
BN (Ohio); W.Qua.VHF; BUN (Utah)} OLZ, SSZ (Okie.);
MDCTN (Md.-D.C.h SON (S,C.);CCN (Colo.); WVN (W.Va.);
WRN, WSBN, BWN, WIN, WSSN (Wbc.)i CN, CPN (Conn.);
GSN iGa.); QKS (Kara.;; MSBN (Miss.); MNVN (Me.,N.H.<»
Vt.)s 1LN (IU.>; RISPN (RJ.>; MSN, MJN, MSPN (Minn.).

Trafucontmentat Corps. With this December report*

W7D2X b concluding his career as Director or TCC Pacific.
Taking over the job is W6VNQ. recently retired manager of
PAN*You just cant keep a traffic man out of the fame. Jack,
to you many thank* for your service and we hope ynu will
remain active in NTS; and Bob, welcome back to the saddle
and food luck In the new job, A number of amateurs responded on December 13
December report*. when a tire broke out near a 50,000-gallon
(Jutaf-Net
Area Functions Success Traffic Traffic gasoline-storage tank in Houston, Texas, The
two-meter frn repeater net was activated to help
Eastern . . . . 159 90.0 3477 1332 with communications for the six alarm blaze in the
Central , . . . 115 94.7 2472 1176
Pacific . ,, . . . 147 87P J 34?ft 1714 north central section of the city. The net we* in
session for slightly longer than five hours. One of
Summary . . . 421 90.6 9377 4222 the units turned out during the emergency was the
communications van owned by K5CNU, Disaster
Public Service Diary Communications Chairman for the local Red Cross.
At about 0200 GMT on Nov. 20, K2AYQ, EC One of five in the area, the van is equipped with
Glens Falls (N.Y.) was notified of a commercial two-meter fm gear, several waikie talkies, police
airliner crash about 14 miles north of Glens Falls and fire monitors and a 3-kW generator. Enough
on Pilot Knob Mountain on the shorn of Lake food, clothing end other supplies ere stocked in the
George. K2AYQ called W20P, the Red Cross van for a two-day outing. Here K5MVX and
Communications Chairman, then activated the six W5DLC are operating from the van.
meter emergency net- Soon after, W20P checked
in advising that his telephone was out of order. small girl had become lost in the area near Oak
WB2UEX was able to phone patch W20P through Ridge Shopping Center and a number of search
to the executive chairman of the Adirondack parties were gathering to help look for the child.
Chapter and arrangements were made to have the Using two meters, VE7FB put out a call for
Red Cross disaster unit dispatched to the scene. mobiles to converge on the area. EC VE7AMN was
WB2FRV volunteered to escort the station wagon notified. He arranged for a base station, in the
while WB2BZJ rode in the unit with a temporary person of VE7BCM, to act as relay for the mobiles.
rig that had been installed. Assistant KC W2BOR Eventually eight amateur mobiles were in action
wa* contacted to operate from the Red Cross but as darkness closed in. the girl still had not been
headquarters. located. At 0200Z the following day the search
Because of the bad weather, traveling waa was cancelled without results. - VE7FBt SCM
difficult and the precipitation static made it British Columbia.
difficult to communicate at times. However, with • » •

the routing instructions supplied to the disaster
unit, locating the search and rescue parties was not
too difficult.
The plane was eventually reached but all four-
teen persons aboard had perished. The operation
was secured at 0917. A total of thirteen amateurs
helped with the communications. - K2AYQ* EC
Glens Falls Area, Y.
« V•
Vancouver (B.C.) Police requested amateur com-
munications assistance at 2100Z on Nov.23. A
While mobiling home at about 0345Zon Dec.-
11, VE2KT was involved in a collision. Using the
VE2RM repeater he called for assistance and was
answered by VE2TD who then telephoned the
necessary information to the Montreal* Que., pol-
ice. VE2APT was mobiling after a meeting of the
VK2RM repeater committee and also heard the
call. Since he was near the scene, VE2ALE
rendezvoused with VE2KT and drove him home
after the police collected the necessary particulars,
- VE2ALE.SEC Quebec.

March 1970 55

During the week of Dec. 21, most of the eastern
coast of the United States was hit by a large snow
storm* In Pennsylvania things weren't too bad
except in the northeastern part of the state.
Because of the bad weather conditions and many
requests for information, the Eastern Pennsylvania
Emergency Phone and Traffic Net was put on
special session* Stations in the northeastern part of
Pennsylvania (WA3s EEC FMJ GLI and JZB) were
in contact with local authorities and were able to
supply information on road conditions to those
requesting it. On Dec,28 Pennsylvania 1i governor
declared a state of emergency in existence because
of the heavy snow and winds. The Luzerne County
Civil Defense Net was activated and remained on
for about two hours during which time weather
and road conditions throughout the Wiikes-Barre
area were gathered. A liaison was maintained with
EPAEPTN and additional information exchanges
were made with stations in New York and Ver-
mont. In all, about 200 requests for information
were handled. - WA3IHV, Asst.EC Montgomery
CI*. Pa.
^ • • »
On Dec.26 weather conditions were also bad in
the Montreal area. At about 2200Z VE2ZA was
driving from the Doral Shopping Center to his
home when he discovered two stalled cars which
had been involved in an accident. Using the
VE2RM repeater, VE2AKM was contacted and the
Mercier Bridge office of the Quebec Provincial
Itolice was notified. VE3ZA then proceeded on his
way to Sources Road and discovered another
accident, this time involving three vehicles. V£?~
AKM was again on hand to summon the police. -
VE2ALE. SEC Quebec.
a • . Chamber of Commerce in a letter of thanks to
On Saturday, Sept.27, the Fairfax County (Va.)
AREC held a drill in which conditions prevailing
during a civil disorder were simulated. All land line
service was assumed inoperative and normal police
and fire radio channels were presumed to be
jammed. Operators of the Citizen's Radio Service
also participated in the exercise as a demonstration
of the usefulness uf cooperation between the
amateur and citizens band services.
A mobile amateur station was set up at the
Fairfax police station and was operated on the ten
meter band; CB mobiles were also stationed at the
police station a* well as at other fixed amateur
stations throughout the area. Thus the two services
augmented each other's inherent weak points. The
amateurs had the necessary long distancei well
56
W0HDX and W0EIT display the A R R L Midwestern
Division Directors Awards they received tor their
many yean of public service activity. At the
extreme left is William Bforensen, Civil Defense
Director of Linn County, Iowa, and at the far right
is WAQQOX, Vice-President of the Cedar Valley
ARC r who were present at the presentation.
disciplined and trained facilities hut lacked suffi-
cient manpower to blanket the area sufficiently.
The CBers had the necessary manpower and mobile
capabilities to cover the local area, but lacked the
longer distance coverage and organization the
amateurs could provide. By working together a
more functional emergency organization was estab-
lished, AH in all, the test seemed to be a success. -
WB4CVY, EC Fairfax Co.,Va.
Several reports of Halloween ftoblln Patrols have
reached headquarters, in Vancouver B.C., VE7FB
reports that nearly sixty amateurs took part in an
operation in that area on Oct,31. Four nets were
operated on the same frequency In the two-meter
band, but stations were separated by ten to twenty
miles and mutual interference was not a problem.
The East Han Gabriel Valley (Cat.) AREC
provided the city of Baldwin Park with a "Witch
Hunt." Twenty-three amateurs in fifteen mobile
units turned out, making it one of the biggest
operations of the year. W6NRY was at the police
lieutenants office to act as net control station. EC
WAG JXG «ays a few embarassing moments did
occur, for instance when one of the AREC1 mobiles
reported some "hippy" types on a dark side street.
These turned out to he undercover police officers.
Another mobile reported a car with two men in it
slowly circling a school building. Yep, you guessed
it - that was another AREC unit! City officials
were pleased with the operation and plan to again
enlist the aid of AREC in 1970. - WA6JXG, EC
East San Gabriel Valley, CaL
• * . ™
For the second year In a row* operators of the
Coffee and Franklin County (Tenn.) AREC pro-
vided communications for the Tullahoma Christ-
mas Parade on Dec, 5. Fourteen amateurs under
the direction of EC K4EGC linked the reviewing
btand with each major intersection along the route
where National Guardsmen controlled the pace on
cue from the parade marshal], WB41DD and
WB4NCW were at the starting point while W4WJH
and WB4JHK stood by at the reviewing stand to
receive verifications on order of appearance before
various entrants reached the judging booth. The
work of the amateurs was praised by the local
K4EGC. - W4WJH, SEC Term.
KpICG and his XYL were traveling east on
Highway 14 west of Janesville, Minn., on Dec.fi
following an allday snow storm that had covered
the pavement making travel dangerous, when the
car skidded on a particularly slick spot and came to
a stop in snow^Hiled ditch at the side of the
highway. There were no injuries, but traffic was
light and it might have been a while before help
could have been summoned had it not been for the
six-meter fm gear in the car. Both WA0DFT in
Mankato and W0TCK south of Janesville respon-
ded to the request for aid and a tow truck was
soon at the scene to dislodge the badly stuck car- -
WAfiMZW, SEC Minn.
QST for
 Forty-six SEC reports were received for the
Public Setvkr Hoaor Roll month of November, indicating an active A.REC
Decroibci, 1969
Thfa UitJngfc«viitablo to amateur* whose public fervtcc membership of 16,203. This is two more reports
performance daring the muiith indicated qmUflw for Jft and 353 more members than in November, 1968.
potato vr tfMv rutil In the nine catepnin Mow. tl«e form This is still one report less than the record for the
CD-1*9 or submit equivalent brormatlon through your SK'M.
see page 75, Nor.'64 ^sr for dettUi, Fleve note maximum year (Oct.) and more than ,100 fewer members
pointsforeach category. than the maximum number reported thus far
Category <» w (V during 1969 (Aug-)- Will December top the old
toax.Ptt. ro h IK W 17 12 70 3 - 5 7b Mis marks? Tune in again next month for the answer.
KSZNP 111 5 10 12 !2 J 5 70 Meanwhile, keep those reports coming in!
WAZRAN to fr in T3 12 3 > ft 66 Sections reporting; Ala, Alta, Ariz, Ark, BCt
WASFQW to s 17 t7 20 S 64
WASCTX 10 9 16 1 > 17 4 62 Colo, Conn, EFJa, EMass, EPa, Ind, Iowa, Ky, La,
WB2PEK to 5 r« 17 12 ft 60 Mar, Mich, Minn, Mo, Mont, Nebr, Nev, NMex,
WA0LAW 10 $ 16 12 12 s AU
WA2CAL 10 ft 16 19 12 J ftS N U , NNJ, NTex, Ohio, Okla, Ont, Org, Oreg, Que,
VV2MTA 10 5 16 6 12 J ft SDgo, SF, SCV, Sask t SDak, SNJ, STex, Tenn,
WASBUG 10 $ L6 11 12 ft ftt
WASH PI 10 S Li 12 6 5ft Utah, Va, Wash, WVa, WFla, WNY, WPa.
W7JWJ 5 12 L2 ZO 5 54
WV7KIII IV 5 10 9 12 52 Traffic
W*MPX 10 S 10 12 3 S ftl Sessions ChecMns
WTOCX 11) 1 4 la 12 S 51 Northeast Traffic . . . . i J1 4oa 719
WA2FR2 10 s S 11 12 50 Mike Farad E4T . . , . . 27 496 460
W7AXT 10 4 I* 12 .1 A SO North American 3SB . . , 27 649 765
W7HQ Ifl ft 12 J2 ft SO . 00 1 12
WA3JJCB 10 ft 16 12 ft 49 .AIL Service Net . . . P . , 4
WAJAKH to ft 16 12 S 46 Interstate SSB . . , ...» 43H 3439
W2*R 10 16 12 A ft to Clearing House , . . . . - 2S 400
W3£ML 10
WAUKY 10 5 f 6
16 12
12
i ft 46
44
Eastern U.S. . , * . .,M 140 191
. . . 45 12SS
K3KIR 1(1 I* 12 5 43
W2RUF in th 12 5 4J
WB4HJW JO th 12 5 45
W4PtD 10 & I h 12 44
w?n 10 5 it, 12 4A
WAR(JEJ to ft 8 i ft 4J
WA0TGM 10 S 16 12 43
WA6WEZ 10 5 16 12 4J
WSQGZ 10 16 n J 41
WAMPlI L0
W3KUN
WATCZ*
10
2 S
16
16
12 12
12
12
3
J
41
41
41
W- Stravs H!>
WASliHO LO $ 4 6 16 41
WAIVAS ft 11 Ift 3 5 40 Stolen Equipment
K4|tf$/4 10 8 Q Z $ 39
WSfMl III 5 1* ft 39 On a recent trip to Florida. December 22* 1969,
WA4EPX 10 S 1} t; JH my car was burglarized at Ospry, Florida while 1
WAtKKF 10 * It 1> 1<J
WIHKJ 10 lb U 4k was parked in a motel parking lot. Stolen was the
W2QC 10 1h n ftft following equipment: Drake R4A receiver, Serial
WSJSM 10 5 B 12 a 38
W6VNCJ 10 16 n 38 No. UbSS; Omega T-Noise Bridge and plug; Drake
W7JEY JO 16 6 38 MN4 matching network, Serial No, 426: and a
WftQMJ 10 16 Ci 5 37 Heath depth sounder, Model MI! 1 A. Anyone with
VASVm 10 i 12 * t yr
KlESG s 16 12 Jb information can contact me at my home address.
WA3JZS 10 ft 4 12 t 4 36 Daniel Gawne, 1211ft South 88th Avenue., Palo*
WAIJVL 10 16 0 Aft
K30IO 10 16 9 35 Park, Illinois 60453.
ro S 4 12 4 3ft » 9 ftAM
WA.4FFC to A 11 % ) 33
WtMlK n> * ts 12 3? Feedback
W3RZT 10 s 12 t H
WS4HJV J0 ft If 1 * 31 If youVe had any difficulty in making the shift
K7CTP 10 ft 16 31 register in W4UX1* keyboard keyer (July 1969
VffiGB 10 5 12 4 3J
YEILI 10 5 16 3! QST) trigger properly, reverse the secondary leads
K2KTK 20 1 16 3 30 of the toroid transformers so that the right-hand
V/0HXJC S 13 6 7 30
terminal in the drawing on page 13 goes to the
WAfGKJt ft n 6 S 2S
WA1JKJ 10 S 9 2? preset terminate and the left-hand one is grounded.
MlfD 10 ft 12 il The original drawing showed incorrect phasing.
K4<JJ 10 s 12 27
UR
' AAU IV 5 13 27 A recent letter from W4UX suggests that a
WAOHRM V ft 27 Motorola type MU4M2 unijunction transistor may
wisur to 4 12 26
W2PRY to la 26 be better for Ql than the 2N3646 originally
WA3LAK to 12 26 specified. Also, rf troubles often can be cured by
W4DVO to 16 26
W4EHW to 16 >ft connecting an rf choke (30 to 50 turns on a form
K.41LX 10 16 2«i about the size of a 1-watt resistor) in series with
WAStUD ft 4 t2 2A the keying lead. Finally, some transmitters may
WAtVlfeft 10 16 >h
WA0VPK 10 16 not like the plus 1,25 volts which the transistor
WA#VIV ft 12 9 keying circuit puts across the keying leads; this can
WASIK2P 4 16 ft 2$
WAFUT 10 12 5 2ft be reduced to about 0.3 volt by connecting a
W6FIT ft 6 14 2ft germanium diode (1N34A or equivalent) across the
The friUawing statlnm HOTlfatedby twith PSKR keying line, cathode to ground and anode to the
total* above 2ft, hut n» hretk down waft furnished: W5QJA, hot keying lead.
WSKZY, EC4ROZi WASWFP, K7NHLV WA7fcyC. W7UXZ»
W7CAF, VE3DPO, WAtfRAK, KftMAT, W0HK K0MR1,
KpBXF, WA1HOU, K1SXF, W9t)fcY, W9FMT and W0HV. ft • • wmm
Ct«*W Jtey, (I) Checkief Into cw nen^ <2J Checking The 2 5,000-ohm printed-circuit control
loto vbvne/CtTTY neta; (3) NTS rw nets; (4) NCtt (Anne specified in the parts list for the "ln-Llne Power
nets; <ft> POTfwrain* liaisons f6) tegal phone patches |7j
Making BPLi <•) Haodliftg emergency tnffk; (9) Serving an Meter," QST December 1969 should bear the part
net manager. number IRC K253B. Part number IRC R252B was
incorrectly given, and is assigned to a 2500-ohm
control.

March 1970 57
 COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT RULES REDRAFTED
A New Look Without Extensive Changes

r y URSUANT to various actions by the ARRL Manager will announce such vacancy, and the date
-t Board of Directors, its Executive Committee for receipt of petitions, and call for nominating
petitions signed by five or more Full Members of
and the Communications Manager, the Rules and the Section in which the vacancy exists, and
Regulations of the Communications Department, naming a Full Member of the Section as candidate
which have the force and effect of By-Laws of the for Section Communications Manager. After the
League, have been extensively redrafted, although closing date the Communications Manager will
there have been relatively minor changes in their arrange for an election by mail and set a closing
effect The number of rules has been reduced from date for receipt of ballots. Ballots shall be sent to
20 to 13 and more extensive reference has been every Full Member of the League listed in the
Section concerned. Candidates* names shall appear
made to standard ARRL publications issued free to on the ballots in alphabetical order. The Commun-
members, to avoid duplication. ications Managier will determine the count of the
We reproduce herewith the complete redrafted ballots at the conclusion of the election. The
rules. Parenthetical comments will explain changes candidate receiving a plurality of the votes will
and new wording will be in italics. The leaflet become the Section Communications Manager. If
entitled "Articles of Association and By-Laws of there be but one eligible nominee, the Commun-
ications Managier shall declare him elected. Section
the American Radio Relay Leaguet Inc." will administration during the period required to com-
eventually be reprinted and the new rules included plete an election may be covered by interim
in the back thereof as per past custom. appointment by the Communications Manager.
(Eliminates entire sentence dealing with associate
R ULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE members, since no associate members at present in
COMMUNICA TfONS DEPARTMENT our field organization.)
6. The office of any Section Communications
1. The League maintains a Communications Manager may be declared vacant by the Executive
Department to effectuate the following purposes Committee whenever it appears to be in the best
and objectives; The organization of members for interests of the membership so to do. On such
practical communication, with particular attention declaration the .Communications Manager wIU
to emergency preparedness and communications thereupon cause the election of a new Section
service in public interest; the promotion and Communications Manager as provided in Rule «5»
sponsorship of message traffic and emergency (Eliminate words "upon recommendation of the
networks and systems; the promulgation of con- Communications Manager,to avoid any impli-
tests and other tests dedicated to furthering skill in cation that Executive Committee cannot remove
amateur radio operating; the conduct of training an SCM without the CM's recommendation.)
and other programs for societies affiliated with the 7. (Formerly Rule 8; old Rule 7 completely
League; the recognition of outstanding public eliminated.) The Section Communications Manager
service and operator proficiency by the issuance of (SCM) shall be the administrative and operational
appropriate awards; the advancement through Its supervisor of on-the-air activities tvithin his section.
operations of the spirit of fraternalism and a high He shall be responsible for operational planning
standard of conduct among the members. and the holding of organisational meetings in his
2. For the activities of the Communications section. He shall report to the communications
Department the operating territory of the League manager for publication in QST comprising the
is defined as consisting of the territorial Divisions reports of members, appointees and clubs in his
described in By-Law 2 S, This operating territory is section. He shall be responsible for maintenance of
apportioned from time to time within the Divisions accurate records of dates of appointments and
into Sections for the purpose of Communications cancellations. He shall issue and endorse appoint-
Department field organization, by the Commun- ment certificates of all qualified appointees, issue
ications Manager. other certificates and perform other functions as
3. In each Section there will be a Section may from time to time be required in accordance
Communications Manager (SCM), who, under the with provisions published in the ARRL booklet
direction of the Communications Manager, will Operating an Amateur Radio Station. (Rewording
have authority over field organization appoint- intended to update SCM functions and eliminate
ments and ARRL operational programs within his details by referring to Operating Booklet.)
Section. He shall be responsible to and report to H: (Formerly Rules 9 thru 12). An Amateur
the Communications Manager. Radio Public Service Corps (ARPSC) is sponsored
4. Any candidate for the office of Section by ARRL* consisting of the Amateur Radio
Communications Managed must have been both 4 Emergency Corps (AREC) and the National Traffic
member of the League for a continuous term of at System (NTS) and administered by ARRL through
least two years and a licensed amateur of general or its headquarters and field organisation. The Radio
conditional class {Canadian advanced amateur Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) is also
certificate} or higher for at least two years recognised as an unofficial part of ARPSC but is
immediately preceding receipt of his petition of administered by federal, state and local
nomination. (SCM requirement raised to two years governments through appropriate government
as a League member, class of license eligibility entities at each level Operation of ARPSC Shall be
defined. Including Canadian equivalent.) as detailed in the ARRL publication Public Service
5. Each section Communications Manager shall Communications. (This paragraph boils former
be elected for a two-year term of office. Whenever Rules 9 thru 12 into one* with reference to the
a vacancy occurs in the office of a Section Public Service manual taking the place of details
Communications Manager, the Communications formerly included herein.)

58 QST for
 9. (Formerly Rules 13 thru 16.) SCM leader*
ship appointments shall be available to ARRL full
members as Section Emergency Coordinator, Em-
ergency Coordinator, Route Manager and Phone
Activities Manager to assist the SCM in specialized
junctions. Other leadership appointments may be
set up by the Communications Manager with the
approval of the Executive Committee. Complete
details of the qualifications, duties and functions
of these appointees shall be published in Operating
an Amateur Radio Station. (This paragraph boils
former Rules 13 thru 16 into one, with reference
to the Operating Booklet taking place of details
formerly included herein.)
10. (Formerly Rule 17.) SCM station and indi-
vidual appointments shall be available to full
ARRL members as Official Relay Station, Official
Phone Station, Official Bulletin Station, Official
VHP Station and Official Observer to those ama-
teurs having the qualifications and performing the
functions and duties detailed in Operating an
Amateur Radio Station, Other station and indi-
vidual appointments may be set up by the Com-
munications Manager with the approval of the
Executive Committee, (Shortening of former Rule
17, eliminating appointment descriptions and refer-
ring to the Operating Booklet for details.)
11. (Formerly Rule 16.) Awards will be made
and test or contest activities announced from time
to time to extend encouragement to Individual
progress in operating procedures, in the accuracy
and speed of making contacts »nd handling record
communications and in furtherance of individual
and group ability to render practical commun-
ications efficiently. Certifications or awards as
recognition for progress arid accomplishment in
Amateur Radio also will be made under detailed
provisions published In Operating an Amateur
Radio Station or from time to time in QST.
General operating procedures may be codified with
consideration to the practice and suggestions from
the field organization. The minimum procedures
helpful to clear-cut and efficient operations will be
recommended and set forth in Operating an Ama-
teur Radio Station, (No change, except in num-
ber.)
12. (Formerly Rule 19.) The League list of
clubs or appointees is not available for commercial
solicitation or advertising purposes. The Commun-
ications Manager may make such lists available to
the SCM or leadership SCM appointees ax is
desirable in effectuating amateur organizational
needs within their sections. On petition of an
affiliated club, on request of the members signing
petitions to nominate for A R R L elected office, or
on petition of ten or more full ARRL members,
such lists of not more than a division in scope may
he furnished. Lists of more than a division in scope
must have authorization of alt dtvision directors
concerned.
IA (Formerly Rule 20.) These rules and regula-
tions shall have the force and effect of by-laws of
the League, including details contained in refer-
enced publications. They may be amended as
necessary from time to time by the Commun-
ications Manager upon approval of the Executive
Committee. The Communications Manager shall
cause more detailed provisions to be published as
needed in the current editions of the League
publications Operating an Amateur Radio Station
and Public Sendee Communications. Amendments
to the current edition shall be effective on publi-
cation in QST. gnq
March 1970
March, 1943
, r . It. now looks as though the Amateur is going to have a
prutty good place in the frequency allocations after the
war, K, B. Warner discusses the announcement of the FCC
with regard to proposed recommendations to be finalisnri
at a later date. There appeara to be plenty of space ahov«
25 Mo for us to use and eccplore. FCC Is also contemplating
the creation of a new " Gitisen's Band" to extend from 460
M e to 270 Me. This Is a brand new thins, Warner is a little
fearful we might be called on to police it!
. , % A. new idea in rf circuit* involving polyphase systems
is described by Hobwt W. Biclcmore, WfiCjDV. The prin-
ciples can be applied to automatic tuning, automatically
rotating an antenna and other "limitless*1 possibilities.
Numrrou* circuit diagrams are given. Somehow, this
doesn't so em to excite me very much.
, r , Harvey Pollack, TOKDL, has a fine piece an the futu
daman tals of panoramic reception. This might be profitable
read today by those not boo familiar with present scanning
rxgH.
. . . In a fasoinatiiuc article by Cy Read. WfiAA, the story
is told of how Lt. iliff Richardson, U0NR, with no eipe-
rtanoed help and only au ARRL Handbook to guide him,
built a complete network of stations in the Jap-infested
Philippine*, No ham himself, he learned it all from the
prveimis buok. He even had to learn the code I — WtANA
March, 1920
. . . This is the largest issue of QXT to date. The " Q S T "
is almost hidden by Harry Hick f « cover picture.
. . . Fred 8ehnr.ll and K. H. G, Mathews have the leading
article un " Radio Club Organisation." Very timely, likely
enough.
. a . T H E OLD M A N bewails the habit he has gotten into
of staying up all hours to move a few messages. Bays the
Q R M is very fierce indeed.
. . , The Editor describes a selectivity circuit developed
by the British Navy. Looks like an antenna tuner to
me using a very high-Q with jiunutdyMidjustable induct-
ance. Said to tune to 1
. . . The New Grebe CJR3 is announced and described by
W n , F. DiehL I t embodies a coupler, grid variometer and
plate variometer, with a minimum of control*. This rig
worked very well indeed, in the old spark days, and would
he OK for cw, Of course, in those days everyone had his
put detector, There was often a surprising difference between
them.
. . . Nine pages are devoted to the doings of the Operating
Department. J. O, Smith conducts this department. The
different divisions report newsy letters from members.
. . , One of the new Directors is John Clayton, 525 U Had
lunah with John a while back. We swapped tall tales most
of the afternoon, Claims he Uoesa't know what a micro-
phone is. — WtANA
Changes of Addnmm
Please advise ua diw*i of any change of
address. As our address labels are prepared
in advance, please allow mx weeks notice.
When notifying, please old aa well as
new address and Zip codes. Your promptness
will help you, the postal service and us*
Thanks.
59
INCENTIVE
LICENSING
FCC's Amateur Division Chief presented
these comments at the Roanoke Division
Convention in Huntington last October. We
believe W3BG's remarks answer a lot of
questions on incentive licensing from the
official regulatory agency standpoint.
ITadopted
HAS BEEN some weeks since the Commission
its Order concerning the second phase
of the incentlve~Hcenslng frequency reservation!.
However, there may be a few of you who are not
aware of the action taken. The effect of the Order
is to freeze the telegraph reservations for Extra
Class licensees at the present level, to go forward
with the implementation of the additional radio-
telephony reservations, and to keep the 50 Mc/s
reservation at the present SO. 1 Mc/s mark.
These decisions were the result of careful atten-
tion to, and critical examination and investigation
of, the information available. The Commission,
through its mon ttoring division, h ad spent an
appreciable amount of time collecting band occu-
pancy data. In addition, several of the more active
amateurs on the Commission's staff had made
independent, and what I believe were objective,
evaluations of the reserved-band occupancy. Also
we had some useful input from other amateur
sources, particularly the League's Intruder Watch
program.
The decision with respect to the telegraphy
reservations was relatively easy. The number of
Extra Class licensees, which has increased substan-
tially since incentive licensing was first proposed,
certainly, at this point in time, is not sufficiently
large to warrant the exclusive right to additional
frequency space. This conclusion was easily veri-
fied by band-occupancy observations made over a
reasonably-Jong period of time. Statistically, the
Extra Class operators constitute 4.4 percent of the
amateur operators having access to the 3,5, 7, 14,
and 21 Mc/s bands and have exclusive use of r 1,6
percent of the telegraphy space in these bands.
Excluding the Novice Class operators and their
subbands from consideration, it is expected that by
November 22 the Extra Class operators will con-
stitute 5.3 percent of the total number of oper-
ators and have 24,3 percent of the available space
in which only telegraphy is permitted. These
reservations, except perhaps to the die-hard, tele-
graphy-only, Extra Class licensees would seem to
be adequate.
One petitioner requested that the present reser-
vations be reduced to 10 kc/s. This proposal was
not adopted, primarily because if the benefits of
incentive licensing are to be fully realized, there
must continue to be an incentive to the cw
operator for self-improvement.
* Chief, Amateur & Citizens Radio Division,
F.C.C., Washington, D.C.
60
AN ANALYSIS
AND AN APPRAISAL
BY EVERETT G. HENRY, W3BG*
R adiotelepbony Aspects
The resolution of the radiotelephony reservation
problem was not as easy. Looking at numbers
alone, we found that approximately ,42 percent of
the amateurs are Advanced or Extra Class licensees,
and that they had exclusive rights in about 33
percent of the telephony bands, if the scheduled
November 22, 1V6V, reservations were allowed to
&tand, the 32 percent of the operators would have
exclusive privileges in approximately 49 percent of
the telephony space. Occupancy data gathered
from several sources was not too helpful in
deciding what should he done for the phone
operators since band occupancy both in the res-
erved and unreserved portions seemed to be fairly
evenly distributed.
The ideal incentive, from the standpoint of
frequency reservations, would be the provision of a
segment in each amateur band which was always
less crowded than the remainder of the band. Thus,
this possibility of relief from interference would
motivate General and Conditional Class licensees to
qualify for the Advanced or Extra Class operator
privileges. However* during peak activity it is not
practicable to provide such frequency incentives.
The most we cuuld hope to accomptish, short of a
complete reallocation of space within the hands,
would be to divide the currently-available space so
that there would be a continuing incentive to
qualify for the higher classes of operator licenses.
Because of the impracticality of providing the ideal
in frequency reservations, and because of our
continuing confidence in the incentive-licensing
program* we concluded that the second phase of
the radiotelephone reservations should he allowed
to become effective without change.
The matter of frequency distribution between
the various classes of licensees and modes of
emission is far from concluded, since there are
several petitions pending which request various
frequency readjustments within the bands and the
extension of operating privileges for Novice and
Technician Classes.
Novices and Technicians
With respect to the latter, petitioners request the
restoration of radiotelephone privileges to the
Novice Class, including telephony privilege^ in the
10-meter band. Technicians are requesting tele-
graph privileges in the high-frequency bands and
QST for
additional cw privilege* in the 6-meter band. Other
petitions request a revision of the distribution of
space within the band so that additional space
would be available for radiotelephony. Realizing
the intense interest in the matter of radiotelephony
allocations, we plan to give high priority to this
subject.
The many requests for extension of operating
privileges for Technicians and an apparent lack of
interest on the part of Technicians to obtain higher
classes of licenses lead us to believe that the
Technician Class of license is not fulfilling the
purpose for which it was created. We plan to look
into this matter, and maybe propose some changes
which would be intended to effect a change for the
better.
We have done considerable work on the prepar*
ation of proposed rules covering the operation of
amateur repeater stations. There has been consider*
able publicity in some of the amateur publications
and much conjecture as to the substance of the
contemplated rules. As a matter of fact, we have
gotten some pretty good ideas from those who
purport to know what we are going to do. There
are a few controversial aspects of repeater 'oper-
ation to which we hope to find answers so that the
proposed rules can be issued soon.
You can be assured that the decision to go
forward with the additional phone reservations on
November 22 will in no way influence or prejudge
our decisions on any pending petition.
We realize, of course, that the decision to go
ahead with the additional frequency reservations at
this time will not be greeted with loud acclaim by
all amateurs. However, our past experience has
been that many of the most vocal critics will, in
self-defense, if for no other reason, do the necess-
ary to get a piece of the action in the reserved
bands.
Inequities Recognized
We know that there are inequities in incentive
licensing as it exists today, and we intend to do
what we can to give everyone a fair shake without
undermining the objectives of the program. For
years we have had provisions in the rules to help
the physically handicapped obtain licenses. These
provisions have been extended to permit handi-
capped Applicants for Advanced and Extra Class
licensees to be examined by volunteer examiners.
We will also give the handicapped the same
consideration with respect to the code and tech-
nical examinations that we have given in the past.
Some of the older amateurs feel that incentive
licensing has done them an injustice by restricting
their operating privileges. This feeling Is also shared
by some Advanced and Extra Class licensees.
Without quesHont ssome of our amateurs are
reaching a point in life where examinations, both
theory and code, are difficult, if not impossible.
We have petitions on file which go to this matter.
This is a matter to which we have given consider-
able thought, but one for which there doesn't
appear to be a ready answer which would be
acceptable to all. I don't know what decisions will
be reached after consideration of the petitions,
since these decisions are the prerogative of the
Commissioners; however, due consideration will he
given for the requested relief.
Arguments of Opponents
There has been considerable reactance to incen-
tive licensing from both the proponents and the
opponents of the program. A s one would expect,
March 1970
the opponents are more vociferous. The opponents
fall into three general categories: Those who claim
they are too busy to study; those who prefer to
Kpend their time beating the drums against the
alleged invasion of their rights; and those who
claim one must be an electronic engineer to qualify
for an Advanced or Extra Class license. The lack of
time argument is not persuasive, nor are the
allegations concerning rights. Lack of time proba-
bly could be better classified as a lack of ambition
- or laziness if you prefer.
Those who talk about infringement of rights
should read Section 301 of the Communications
Act which states that the purpose of the Act is,
among other things, to maintain the control over
all of the channels of interstate and foreign radio
transmission and to provide for the use of such
channels, but not the ownership thereof, by
persons for limited periods of time under licenses
granted by Federal authority. Section 301 further
states that such license shall not be construed to
create any right, beyond the terms, conditions, and
period of the license. Section 303 of the Act
authorizes the Commission to classify radio sta-
tions, and to "prescribe the nature of the service to
be rendered by each class of licenses station and
each station within any class/* This means, in
effect, that even though you have qualified for an
amateur license, possession of that license does not
give you any right to operate as you please during
the license period.
Finally, for those who complain about the
difficulty of the examinations, the record is replete
with instances of amateurs of all age groups who
have successfully qualified for the higher grade
licenses. By far, the majority of the successful
candidates have not been the so-called electronic
types - engineers or professional technicians.
During one month, 635 examinations for the
Advanced Class were given. Ninety-one of the
applicants were required to take the code test.
Fourteen of those failed. Of the remaining 621
applicants, 49S passed element 4 ( A ) and t26
failed. This is an average of 80 percent. Of 230
applicants for the Extra Class license, 61 failed the
code. Eighty-two percent of those required to take
element 4 ( A ) passed and percent passed ele-
ment 4(B). To me these figures show that the
examinations are of a reasonable level of difficulty,
and that the demonstrated degree of success is the
result of serious effort on the part uf those
amateurs who have chosen to improve themselves
and, hopefully, the overall qualify of the amateur
service.
Serious amateurs should, and 1 believe they do,
direct their efforts in amateur radio to those things
which will in the ultimate make their hobby appear
at its best. This should be a basic consideration for
all amateurs and one which is important to the
future of the service.
The incentive licensing program is well on the
way towards its objective of encouragement and
improvement of the amateur service through rules
which provide for advancing skills in both com-
munication and technical phases of the art. This is
not to say that the present rules are the complete
answer to a continuing improvement and growth of
the service. The realization of the objective of
incentive licensing can come about only through
the joint efforts of the amateurs and the Com-
mission. We try to he objective in fulfillment of
our responsibilities. Objectivity on the part of the
amateurs will do much to demonstrate that they
are deserving of the spectrum space now available
to them. HEM
61
 the Month —

BEACONS IN CANADA share with your fellow amateurs? Our technical

Canadian regulations permit, among other editing staff can smooth out any rough spots in the
things* transmission of signals to receiving actual writing - have a go at being an author!
apparatus for the measurement of emissions, There's also an ARRL Technical Merit Award
temporary observation of transmission phenomena, for a major contribution to the technical side of
etc, A limited number of amateur "beacon" amateur radio. As was reported in the Minutes of
transmitters may be licensed in the bands above 28 the 1969 Annual Meeting:, the 1968 award went to
MHz for studies of propagation phenomena. Each Dale Covington, JC4GSX, of Marietta, Georgia, it
application will be on a case-by-case basis through recognized "his outstanding work on the analysis
the Regional Offices of the Department of of typical amateur antennas using modern
Communications for operation in the least-used computer techniques and at a level, which will
portions of the various bands tor stations located provide source material for the communications
beyond the ground wave coverage of populated industry for many years to come . . ( M i n u t e 81).
areas. The presentation was made by then-Director
The question arose in conncction with the Charles J. Bolvin, K4KQ, at the Georgia State
proposed world-wide network of beacon xtatinns Convention, in Augusta, on September 14, 1969, A
under the auspices of the International Amateur photo appeared in December QST page 78.
Radio Union, which was discussed at the Region L Nominations are now in order for the 19*9
(ARU Conference in Brussels last year. Technical Merit Award, and can be made by any
person directly to the chairman of the Merit and
Awards Committee, ARRL Vice President Wayland
COVER-AWARD WINNERS OF 1969 M. Groves, W5NW, 1406 West 12th Street, Odessa,
The ARRL Cover Plaque Award is presented Texas, before April 15, 1970.
each month to the volunteer QST author whose
article is chosen "best" by the directors in mail
balloting. A zinc printing plate made from the
cover negative of the issue is mounted on a walnut
plaque to form the award.
Winners for 1969 were:
January: ' T h e HRH Delta Loop Beam,'* by
Harry R* Habig, K8ANV
U
February: A Transmitting Converter for 50
MHz," by H» Gordon Douglas,
W8PMK
March: "Phone Patching - Legitimately/' by
George P. Schleicher, W9NLT
April: "An Examination of the Gamma
Match " by D, J. Healey, IU, W3PG
May: "A 500-Watt F.M. and C.W.
Transmitter for 220 MHz," by
Richard B. Stevens, W1QWJ
June: "Three Innovations for Field Day "
by Wayne E. Overheck, K6YNB
July: 'Touchcoder II," by J. Bryant,
W41JX
August: "Fixin* the Station Receiver,0 by Xoe
Carr, K41PV
September: "A Direct Conversion S.S.B.
Receiver," by Richard S. Taylor,
W1DAX
October: "Amateur F.M. and Repeaters/* Les
Cobb, W6TEE and Jay O'Brien. Leo E. Yobf W8KYY, is presented a plaque by
W6GDO Rear Admiral William F. Rea, USCG while his YF
November: "A Solid State Speech Processor," by Amelia, W8NNH, looks on. It was the Coast
Joseph J, Spadaro, WB2EYZ, Guard's 'Thank you" for two yuan of daily
December: "MOSFETS for Tubes." by Albert message handling for personnel stationed at Cape
Helfrick, K2BLA Christian, Baffin island, near the Arctic Circle..
Will your name be listed here someday? Do you (Thanks to Carmella ClcereUo, W8NAL, for the
have a recently-completed project you'd like to photo)

62 QST for
Phil Haller, W9HPG, director from the Central
Division, receives a trophy from Larry Kleber,
K9LKA and the Big Thunder Amateur Radio Club
presented for "Outstanding Service to Amateur
Radio."

SHIFTS FOR 10-METER RTTY

AND 2-METER C.W. , .
•

The Federal Communications Commission has

adopted the rales proposed in Docket 18508 (page
76, June 1969 QST. Accordingly, effective March
2, Section 97.61 is amended in pertinent part to
read:
Mcft Emissions
28.0-29.7 Al
28.0-28.5 FI
283-29.7 A3, A5, F3, F5
144-148 Al
144.1-148.0 AO, A2, A3, A4,A5,
F]0, F1,F2, F3,F5
(In the case of F3 on ten meters, it is
further divided by Section 97.65 into narrow-band
f.m. 28-5-29.0 and narrow or wide f.m. 29,0-29.7
MHz.)

Behind thft Diamond Number 23 of a Series

Radio Club; past president, Nassau Radio

Club; past assistant radio officer Nassau
County and past assistant State radio offi-
cer, RACES; and co-chairman, 1964 ARRL
National Convention in New York City,
Harry is a commander in the U»S. Navy
Reserve, and was a prime mover in having
amateur radio at the World's Fair, K2US. He
holds ORS, OPS, OO, OES, appointments.
and is a mem AREC and the A-l
Operator Club, licensed in 1946, he
acquired "Clas 1947 and Extra in
1952,-
Harry's fat Earl W,. Dannals,
was well and K4GG;
Harry's son and an avid DX
chaser. T tudes two girls
and ano
W2TU for S perry
Systems sion at Great
Perhaps the League's greatest strength is Neck, and x Hills on Long
the vast number of hard- working volunteers Island. The* 160 through 114
from all over Canada and the United States meters, most d in the MARS
who really make the organization go- One of bands as N0TU
the go-ingest is Hany J. Dannals, W2TUK, During his ten the Board, Hany has
who has been director from the Hudson served on the Pub tions Committee in
Division since 1965. Prior to that, he served 1965 and in 1968**was chairman of the
as vice director from 1961 through 1964 and Planning Committee in 1966 and 1967, and
as assistant director-1958 through 1960. He currently serves on the Merit and Awards
was SCM for New York City-Long Island Committee. He's been serving on the Exec-
1955-1961; past president, Hudson Amateur utive Committee since May 1968*
Radio Council, 1959-1964 and a director of In short, Harry accomplishes so much for
HARC since then; past vice president SSB- ham radio and the League, we wonder how
ARA; past director Suffolk County Radio he can possibly find the time - but we're
Club; past vice president, Lake Success sure glad he does!

March 1970 63
 A-R.R.L. QSL Bureau
The function of the ARRL QSL Burma System is to
facilitate delivery to amateurs in the Unite! States, ite
poaaeagiona and Canada of those QSL cards which arrive
fr»m amateur stations in other parts of the world. All you
have tu do ui Hfikl your manager (see list below) a
stamped neUHuldrwaod envelope, about by inches
in aiae, with your name and address in the naual place on
the front of the envelope and your call printed in capital
letters in the upper letuband corner.
Cards foe stations in the United States and Canada
should be sent to the proper call area bureau listed below.
Wl, Kl, VVA1, Wflli—Hampden County Radio Asso-
ciation, JBox 216 Forest Park Station, Springfield, Masea-
nhunetts 01108,
\V2, K2f VVA2, WS2, WN2— North Jersey DX A n . ,
P.U. Box 605 Hidgewood, New Jwrwy 07451.
W3, tv3p WAS, WN3 — Jesse Biebenuaa, WSKX, KD
Bailey Hill tid^ Malvern, Pennsylvania 19865
W4, K4 — H. L. ffcrriah, K4HXF, i£FX> 5, Box 804,
Hickory, North Carotin* tttiOI.
WA4, WB4. WN41— J. R. Baker, W4LR, 1402 Orange
tfU, Melbourne Beach, Florida 32951.
VV5, &5, WA5, WN5 — Hurley O. Saxon, KfiQVH, P.O.
Hox 31367, Kl Paco, Texas 79931.
WQ, Kft, WA6, WB6, WN6— No, California DX Club,
b o x 11, Los Altos, C a l i f o r n i a 94022.
W7, K7, WAT* WN7 — Willamette Valley OX Club, Inc.,
P.O. Box &&&, Portland, 0rc«on 97207,
W8, KH, WA8, WNS — M R , Hubbard, WASCXY, 92!
Market St., Zauesviile, Ohio 43701,
W9, WAU, W m — Ray P. Birren, WMKBa, Box 519,
Kim burst, Illinois 40120,
W0, K0. \VA0p WN0 — Des Moines Radio Amateur Asso-
ciation, P,0. Box 38, Des Moines, Iowa fiU&UL
KP4 — Alicia ttodricues, KP40I* P.O. Box lUGl t San
Juan, P,R» 00902.
KZ5 — Gloria M. Spears, KZ5G8. Box 407, Balboa, Canal
Zone.
KH6, WH6 — John H» Oka, KH6DQ, P.O. Box 101, Aba,
Oahu, Hawaii 06701,
KL7. WL7 — Alaska CjBL Bureau, Star Route C, Warilla,
Alaska V9tW.
VEi— U J. Fader, VE1FQ, P.O. BoxftA3, Halifax, N A
VB2 — John Ravenscroft, VK2NV, 353 Tborncrest Ave.,
Montreal 780, Quebec..
VE3— R, H. Buokley, VE3UW, 20 Almoat Road, Down-
view, Ontario.
VE4 — D. E. MoVittie, VE40X, 647 Academy Road,
Winnipeg V, Manitoba,
VE51 — A. Lloyd Jones, VE5JI, 232S Grant Rd,, Retina,
VE6 — liarel Tettelaar, VEfiAAV, Sub. P.O. 56, N. Ed-
monton, Alberta,
VE7 — H*R. Hough. VE7HR, 1291 Simon Road, Victoria,
British Columbia.
VK8 —George T. Koodo, VES ARRL QSL Bureau of
Dopartmmt of Trannport, Norman Wells, N.W.T.
VOt — Kraest Ash, TOlAA, P.O. Box 0, St, John's Nvwf.
V02 — Goose Bay Amateur Radio OLub, P.O. Box 232,
Gooes Bay, Labrador.
SWL— L e w Waite, 39 Hannum St., Ballaton Spa, New
York 12020.
1
Thw tamau* prefer & X 8 inch or {SO mamla enwfepfg.
IS YOURS ON FILE
WITH YOUR QSL MGR
HoUtL
eft ^ Z g welcome. The George Wftshington Hotet at 2 3rd St and
64
COMING A.R.R.L. CONVENTIONS
May 15-17 — Pa ri fir/Sou I Iiwgk torn llivi-
l i o n , F r p - t n o , Calif.
J u n e IM-2I— O m m Stat«N ticmL
J u l y 1 - 3 — W e t Virginia S t a t e , J a r k s o n
Mills.
S e p t e m b e r 23-27— N A T I O N A L , ROM t o n ,
Mam,
October 17-18 — tlutltfon l)ivimon,Tarry-
lown, N.Y,
kotic: Sponwirs large hum ^attwrinirs nhuiih!
eheek with l«*aicu? hwliiuarters Tor an advisory on
powiWft date conHicta before contracting for inert-
iafC apace, Datps may he reconled at AKKL for
up to two years in advance.
1 1 3 4 s * r
a 9 10 n n u M
tit i* ir ii w }i
?? 2} T4 2S 34 >1
30 >1
C a l i f o r n i a - r hr Sun Gabriel ValLev Kadio c l u b suction
will hit held at P.M.. T u « r f a y , April 7 . at t b t Howling
tircen C'lubhoiuf» AtcaUia Park, Arcadia.
J U i o o i i - Tlit Chicago Suhurbart Kad*o A m . will hold
their annual H a m b o r w o n March 22 at East A n , and 6 3 t h
S t t , Countryside (L* Graufe)»i11. f > a m a r k « t and p r i m , For
information and directions i^lt Col. Wilson Thorou*,
W9KWA* 4 u l 7 Vrrnon Av*., Hronkfield HI. 61)513. Hhcmc
311-4H 5-04*1,
l U i t l o u - r h a t w i n City \ k u apotuoring a n auction o n
March at Lomb* Auction House. IM^O N- O a k , Cham-
paign. III. bor mure details euiitact Milt ^ortbeTg,
Chartes St,, Champaign, 111. 61820,
THrnnia- The Sferllns-Rocfc KalU AKS will Id their
annual Ham test at the sterling iJohaeum In S}t«rling o n
Sunday, March ft. Advance ticket t i . D O , i.sit At the J ™ r ,
t r e e coffee Htid donuta until 10:0(1 A.M. Plenty of parking,
f u n d , Httd f u n - Kring the k*da and t h e XYL. Vslk-in on
aud 3.900 MHr. h>-r advance tickets and information write
yXXHox M . S t e r l i n g 1)1. 6 H i * l .
M i c h i g a n - T h e Jrd Atmit-r RIoflHixnUnd Amatevr Radio
Auction ivili be held Sunday, March IS *t t h e V'luth
Memorial Bulldlna, frerrien C o u n t y Kaincmunils, o n e mile
ruirthwtol of beautiful d o w n t t m n Berrien S p r l n p , Mich.
A tree of free parking ure available. Lton't pack a lunch, w e l l
have hot f o o d , Vrtftr t o d o yovr o w n sellinf? Rent o n e of
riuf a m p table* . If that fatts, let otn skilled auctioneer p u t
your gear o n the block. Coming f r o m out-ol- t o r n . ' Oet o n
Ufl t o t h e Fulrtrounds north Berrien S p r i n g r
Talk-In on nr I 4 6 N 4 MHc. Auction t i m e u ro:U0 A.M.
(i> I : o o P.M. See vou there.
New J e r s e y - Ham a u c t i o n , Friday, April \ b y t h e k e y
Kllckers »r S t i r l i n g The phrce c e n t r a l School, .Stirling, N . I .
Refreshments, tatk-tn stations, bring y o u r own gear, t w o
auctioneer* all evening. Faay tn reach f r o m Pennsylvania and
New York. Make plans to a t t e n d now. Contact L-S. V«n*t
Slnt, W2DLT, 30? 2 ftnair A»e., Stirling, N J . 079HO
New V o r k - Auction t i m e - the Mew York Radio H u h
cordially Invites all hams aud SWLs t o Its 15th Annual
Auction* Sunday a f t e r n o o n , March 15 at J:oi) P.M. f r e e
parking. Bring item* tn <ell end m o n e y t o spend. F-amilJea are
Lexington Ave., New York City.
Texa*- The Annuiil St. P a t n c k \ l>ay S w a p f t i t , apunsored
h y t h e Midland A R C . Is K h e d u l r d for March H a n d I V fcir
details w n t e MARC, Box Midland, Te*a» W O X .
QST for
 Recent Equipment
IConHnrnttfrom pno* 42)
attenuation, the performance of the A-2587 wan
found to be identical with that of the VUh35313L
Aa can be »een from the photographs, * dif-
ferent-looking case in uaed to house the AJlied
receiver. The A.-25S7 is slightly larger than the
Lafayette unit and it weighs an ounce more.
Jt is easier to change the pynlight ceils in the
A-£587, since only a slight amount of finger
pressure is necessary to slide back the battery
cover*
A 27- to 50-MHz version of the A-2587 is
available, and its model [lumber ia the A-U58&
An ac adapter can be obtained to power either
receiver. — W1YOS
Allied A-2S87 Receiver
Height* 6 inches,
Widtli i 3V4 i a c h n .
Depths 1% inches.
Weights 9 ounces.
Power Requirement 16 volts dc, iO-SOm Ar
Price U a n i $18; ac adapters
Miatrihutort Allied Radio Corporation,
100 N. Western Ave,, Chicago,
Illinois ftObBO.
Ham-Bond Recover
(Continwd /rem p<*Q* IS)
power supply, audio system, LMO, i-f system,
and front end were constructed- Each block was
tested outside the arrangement and inserted for
final alignment* A disgusting but nevertheless
very important problem to avoid is unwanted
coupling. Supply voltages are therefore applied
with feud through capacitors to each block and
in some cases to each amplifier stage. Kf inter-
connections were made with small-diameter
coaxial cable and appropriate connectors.
The main tuning gear was built around an old
BC-221 tuning capacitor and reduction gear.
The counter dial and tuning knob are the result of
four weeks of labor. The counter dial reads tens
of Kliz, where the main tuning knob has a
calibration of 1!00 Hz per division, from an HitU
inspiration. The front panel was covered with
a special 3-layer plastic which allowed direct
engraving of the function titles.
The metal cabinet and chassis frame is a com-
mercial one. By the way, this transistor receiver
has a weight of 52 lb; excessive shielding pays in
electrical performance! but not xu weight!
Conclusion
The idea for this receiver was born one year
agp by reading application literature about
linear integrated circuits and hot carrier diode
mixers published by RCA and Hewlett-Packard,
and other information in references listed at the
end of this article. As the author himself has done
March 1970
some development work in the crystal filter field,
this project waa started to replace that old station
receiver showing lack of selectivity and cross-
modulation performance.
I would like to stress the following point of
view: this m no reviver to he duplicated by the
ham without avme engineering background, and
expensive measuring equipment must be tempo-
rarily at hand. Without an rf tnillivoltmeter,
a guud high-frequency uacillnsoope and a perfect
signal generator, projects of this size have no
chance to b e c o m e completed. But probably one
useful detail or another has been covered in this
article, and, to be nure, there is some similarity
to the receiver you will buy in the 1970s.
I am indebted to Mr. Klingspnrn f ° r hw assist-
ance with measuring equipment. Finally I would
like to thank my wife for the reserved " l a b o r s
tory space 1 ' in our flat and for her patient per-
suasion in stopping me from buying a . . . well,
there is nothing at all to buy in this respect
now. SIE3
References
1. "The Hot Carrier Diode, Theory,ttevignand Appli-
cationHewlett-Packard A*aociaU»p Application Note 907.
2. Carlson, F, M., "Application CotuuiaraUona for the
RCA 3N1S8 VHF MOS Field Effect Tma>tt*tor," EGA
Application Note AN-31Q3,
3. " RCA Linear Integrated Circuits Application Note*,"
Technical Series Documentation 10-41.
4. Hacks, J., "Treffricherh«it bei KW-fimpflUifem."
Rohde & Sohwari Publication 10,1958.
Plotting Satellite Orbits
ifionkinwdfrom patfe SO)
plot s hypothetical orbit and found that the orbit
subscribed an arc across the map parsing near but
not over the North Pole. Also since the equator
was in effect the edge of my map, I tnade a
template with an index hole through which I could
locate the North Pole. Now. by simply aligning the
edge of my template on the equator and putting
the Pole in the index hole, I can quickly trace that
particular orbit.
From there on it's a matter of following QS7"%
directions to determine the proper beam heading
and elevation to track the satellite.
The type of projection used on your map will
affect the shape of the template you make. A
Mercator projection for instance will give you the
familiar orange-peel shape. Other projections might
give yuu a shape more resembling a triangle.
Regardless of the shape, however, it will always be
the same for every orbit. Only the starting point
will change.
Both the October QST article and this one are
based on hypothetical data. It will be necessary to
wait until the actual orbital data is announced in
order to construct an accurate template. Since
there is plenty of time between passes and since
this whole job takes about half an hour, the
template method bears consideration in light of the
time that can be saved later by not having to lay
out a series of points for each orbit BIT—r
65
 LA«R«
INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION* THC OLOBAL FEDERATION O F NATIONAL NON-COMMKIWIAL AMATCKM
j i a o i o s o e i r r i M FOR t h e p r o m o t i o n a n d c o - o r d i n a t i o n o p TWO-WAY AMATffUlt r a d i o c o m m u n i c a t i o n
RECIPROCITY EXTENDED
Effective December 11, 1969, the reciprocal
agreement between the United States and the
United Kingdom was extended to include territor-
ies and possessions. An annex to the agreement,
entitled, territories for the international relations
of which the government of the UK of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland is responsible/' lists
the following which are now included in the
reciprocal agreement: Bahamas, Bermuda, British
Honduras British Virgin Islands, Cayman, Falkland
[islands, Fiji, Gibraltar, Hong Kong, Montserrat,
Seychelles, St.Helena, Turks & Caicos, Western
Pacific High Commission Territories (British Solo-
mon islands Protectorate, New Hebrides, Gilbert &
EUice, Central and Southern Line Islands), Asso-
ciate States (Antigua, Dominica, Grenada, St.Lu-
cia, St. Vincent).
Last month we reported the extension of the
FrencVU.S. reciprocal agreement to include terri-
DX OPERATING NOTES
Reciprocal Operating
U ni t ed States Reciprocal Operating
Agreements exist only with; Argentina, Aus-
tralia, Austria, Barbados, Belgium, Bolivia,
Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dom-
inican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Fin-
land, France,* Germany, Guatemala,
Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Ire-
land, Israel, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Monaco,
Netherlands,* New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nor-
way, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal,
Sierra Leone, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad
and Tobago. United Kingdom,* and Ven-
ezuela, Several other foreign countries grant
FCC licensees amateur radio operating priv-
ileges on a courtesy basis; write League
headquarters for details.
(+Agreement includes overseas entities.)
Canada has reciprocity with: Bermuda,
France, Germany, Israel, Luxembourg, the
Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Senegal,
Switzerland, United Kingdom, U,S. and
Venezuela.
Third-Party Restrictions
Messages and other communications —
and then only if not important enough to
justify use «>f the regular international com-
munications facilities — may he handled by
U.S. radio amateurs on behalf of third
partie? only with amateurs in the following
countries: Argentina, Barbados (only
66
tories and possessions* For the record, here are the
French overseas entities involved: Afars A Issa*
Territory (French Somaliland), Comoro Islands,
Reunion, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St Pierre and
Mlquelon, French Guiana, French Polynesia, New
Caledonia, Wallis & Futuna Islands, French Antarc-
tica, and New Hebrides.
NEW RSGB PRESIDENT
On January 26, Dr. J.AJSaxton was installed as
the 36th president of the Radio Society of Great
Britain. Although not a radio amateur himself, Dr.
Saxton is a renowned radio scientist and has been a
participant in many meetings of the International
Telecommunication Union. He was recently
appointed chairman of CCIR Study Group V. Dr.
Saxton is also chairman of the electronics division
of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. As a
remit of these many activities. Dr. Saxton is well
acquainted with the International problems which
face all of the radio services in general and the
amateur radio service in particular.
U.S-st at ions/8 P) Bolivia, Brazil, Canada,
Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Domini-
can Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Green-
land (XP calls only), Haiti, Honduras, Israel,
Liberia, Mexico. Nicaragua, Panama, Para*
guay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela, Permis-
sible prefixes: CE CM CO CP CX EL HC HH
HI HK HP HR LU OA FY T1 VE VO W or
K/8P XE XP YN YS YV ZP 4X and 4Z.
Canadian hams may handle these same type
third-party messages with amateurs in Bol-
ivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Bl Salvador, Hondu-
ras, Israel, Mexico, Peru, US. and Vene-
zuela. Permissible prefixes are: CE CP HR K
OA T! W XE YS YV and 4Z.
DX Restrictions
U.S. Amateut licensees are warned that
international communications are limited by
the following notifications of foreign coun-
tries made to the ITU under the provisions
in Article 4 ! of the Geneva (195) confer-
ence.
Cambodia and Vietnam forbid radio com-
munications between their amateur stations
and such of other countries* U.S. amateur
should not work XU XV or 3W8. Canadian
amateurs may not conimunicate with Cam-
bodia, Lao*. Thailand, Vietnam and Jordan.
Prefixes to be avoided by Canadians are HS
JY XU XV XW8 and JW8.
QST for
NOTES
The Hungarian amateur radio society, Magyar
Radioatmtor Szovetseg, has printed 36 different
types of QSI. cards representing that number of
national historical castle* and fortresses. These
cards, numbered 1 to 36, uume from the 10 HA
districts as follows: HA1 - 7,22, 25,31; HA2
6,8,12,15.21,23,30,32,35; H A3
3,14,23.30,32,33,35; HA4 - 17, 23,30,32,35;
HA5 - 1,1336; HA6 - 4,10.11,34; HA7 -2,5,19;
HA8 - 16,20,24; HA9 - 18,27,28,29; and HA0 -
9,26,29,
The Hungarian Castles Series award can be
obtained with cards in 3 classes: Ctass 1 (Gold
award) requires 36 QSLs, 1 to 36, and 10 IRCs.
Class 2 (Silver) requests 24, numbered 1 to 24 or
13 to 36, and 8 IRCs. Class 3 (Bronze) requests 12
cards, \ to 12 or 13 to 24 or 25 to 36 and 5 IRCs.
There is no need to send the QSLs; cut the
coupons attached to these cards, cnclosc 21 log and
the IRCs, aud send them to MRS, Box 214,
Budapest 5, Hungary, QSOs after January 1,1968,
on any bands and modes are valid. A maximum of
2 cards are accepted from any station. SWLs can
alsu apply foT the HCS a w a r d via George
PatakU ex-Y02B0J
The Reseau des Emetteurs Francais te sponsoring
the Leon Deloy SAB Memorial Certificate. It was
Deloy, in 1923, who with ARRL Traffic Manager
F.HJSchncH, 1MO, discovered the usefulness of
short waves by establishing contact between
France <ntd the U.S. on 103 meters.
Each participant of the 1970 ARRL Interna-
tional DX Competition or the French Contest who
operates on SO meters (i.eM near the frequency
region used by Deloy) using Al, A3 (including
ssb), or RTTY, can qualify for the "Memorial
Certificate." At least one contact must be made
between France (or French territories) and a North
American country.
Requests for certificates should be sent with
details of the qualifying contact or contacts along
with 4 IRCs to REF, Boulevard de Bercy 60, Paris
12, France.
SWITCH
TO S A F E T Y !
March 1970
£>ilent Hep*
I TofISthese
with deep regret that we record the passing
amateurs:
WJ A.GR* Chester M. Capen, Norwood, Mass,
WA1BLA, William F. McDonald, Jr., Weymouth
Mass.
WIDAW, Hugh J. Avery, Millinocket, Me.
WIHVV, Harold M. Jenkins. Sr., Green bush, M m
Wf MJ, Roland K, Burditt, Wakefield. Mast.
K1PHZ, Frederick A. rhompson, Warwick, R.J.
WB2ALP, G. W. Hunt, Jr., Whiting, N J .
K2I>II, Nurman W. Softeld. Albany, N.Y.
VV2DJW. Peter R, ttmtant, Rochester, N.Y.
W2HDM, Kenneth B. Grayson, Gien Head, N.Y.
wain, lames B. Frye, Homer, N.Y.
K'JJLJ, Patrick Keogh, N, Tnnawanda, N.Y.
W2LQN, Frank C- French, Turkertou, N J .
W2NQK, Philip W, Herrle, Sr., Jersey City, N J .
W2RRD, WiTIism Hereth, louawanda, N.Y,
W2RWY, Allen K. P»und, Dexter. N.Y.
WK2VNK, Hi chard W. Burgess, I uckerton, N J .
W JAPV, Charles W. Grcb, Baltimore, Md.
W3KHE, J. Stanley Brown, Pittsburgh, Pa.
W3FOH, Willi a N. Weaver, York, Pa.
WA3FTR, K*ther A. Ridenour, Cnraupnlis, Pa.
W3ILZ, Dominic Rossi, Philadelphia, Pa,
W3JPP, hred H. Traven, Philadelphia, Pa.
K4DPV/W2KOS. William F. Hick son, St. Prtern-
hurg Beach, Fla.
K4J1 B, Daniel O, Smith, Jr., Holme* Bench, Fla,
WA4LTP, Herbert T, Boggt, Lexington, Ky.
W4CJR, Newell B. Hurts, c frange City, Fla.
WA4TJC, Rev. John Riles, Jr., Jamestown, Tenn.
W4TJD/WIFNX, Holbrook B. EUU, Holmes Beach,
Fla.
WMWQ, JL. E. "Noiay w Jordan, Skeilytown, T e r n ,
W5KBH, Vernon ti. ••Buster" Parker, Odessa.
Texas.
K5MNF, Robert I. Holt, Jr., Wheeler, Texas.
WAKNJS, Fred K. Facundus, Baton Rouge, I<a.
WAS POO, Harold E. Owens, Hernando, Miss.
WN5ZDK, Bruce K, McCasland, Midland, Tenas.
WoBAG, W. Stuart Frvite, Newport Beach, Calif
WftGNO, Hugh B- Ruffrier, Paradise, Calif.
W6HSP* Kdward H. Brunemcier, P1a<*ntia, Calif.
WAKVV, Gen. John B. Bestic, USAF Ret.. Corona
Del Mar, Calir.
K6MJU, William Kirchner, Fountain Valley, Calif.
WN6QFN, Brian L. Wendell, Desert Hot Spring,
Calif.
WAtiOMX, Henry A. Johnson, San Yaldrn, < W .
W7AC, S. Crane, Portland, Ore.
WiniF., John S. Huffy, Medfurd, Ure.
K7LIR, Stanton Warburton, Jr.,TMc»ma, Wash.
K?7RL, Cliff Lewis, Beaver ton. Ore.
*K8DDG, Roger A. Harnett, Columbus, Ohio.
K8HQT, Howard Rotrock* Grand Rapids, Mich.
KBMAN, Allen B. Rush, Port Huron, Mich.
WUOG. Donald G. Ream, Springfield, Ohio.
WAHOGM, Gordon Caasel. Detroit. Mich.
WA8PTZ. William A. Dow, Sr., Cannonsburg.
Mich.
WA8RPN, Ronald Beckwlth, Wllliamshurgh, Mich.
KSUSW, Hanford Garvei\ Vermilion, n h l o
WA8UZY, Robert C. Miller. Ottawa. Ohio.
KHVPYa Phillip S. Majeske. Detroit. Mich.
W9CA« Geoige W. Bergman* Des Plalctes, III.
W9DJA, Leonard K, h n m v FV>yn«tte, Wis.
W'JhPP, Walter R. Roe, hvanston, 111.
K ^ R H f , b.velyn P. <Uasscnck, St. Louis, Mo.
K0WK;* Civrald t . Scott, N. Platte, Nebr.
WdWRO, Walter M. Reed, Denver, Cok>.
KHbGRP, Robert V. Beadles, Honolulu, Hawaii.
VE3BUT* Homer Abraham, Welland, Ontario,
VF.^JW, J. W. Cotter. Ottawa, Ontario.
VKTI.tl, S. (iordnn pHte^son, W. Vancouver, B.C.
liASBU, Istvan "PisU" Ordog, Budapest, Hungary.
KP4BOD, Franciscu ^ h r u n k " Bou, Aibonito,
Puerto Rico.
^Charter Life Member, ARRL
67
 Correspondence
FromMembers-
The publisher* ot QST *»sume no roipouEbUUy for statements made herein bf correspondents.
ANNIVERSARY PREFIX
C Vour League Lines in the January J 970 issue
comments on a distinctive prefix for 1976 for the
200th anniversary of American Independence. Why
not say It as it is and use AT for the world to heart
~ H. C. Rett, WAV AIH, La Grange, IL 60525.
Nix to the whole idea. The potential of
300*000 U. S. hams changing their prefixes for a
year could be very confusing to all concerned.
Other countries1 experience is not valid in this case
because of the relatively small number of hams in
the rest of the world. - Thomas F. Garten,
WA1DJC; Gloucester, MA 01930,
C Yes, lets have a 200th anniversary prefix. Try
to keep all call holders happy 1 - Richard W,
Randall, K6ARB. Livermore, CA 94550.
d Suggestions for and actual uses of special calls
have been known tn the recent past when some
nation was in a great year. However, the world
knows the United States and the world knows our
W and K calls very welL We don't need a special
red, white and blue paint-job to let anyone know
we are Americans. In fact* It would be confusion to
do anything but go by no alias, only by our "right
names.*' We are not children who must act like
pompous primitives. - Temple Meter, WvYLD,
Evanstoiu IL 60202.
4 I wish, to go on record as being vehemently
opposed to the idea on the grounds that it would
cause untold confusion. I am all for commemor-
ating the event but not in this manner. - James £1
Thayer. W1FZ, Farmingtaru NH 03835.
WEAK GRIPE
<L Of all the gripes and groans in ham radio, I
believe that mine is the weakest of them all.
Many old timers can tell that my age falls in
the high school category hy the way 1 speak. They
then start sermonizing on why ham radio is good
for you and you'll never regret having a ticket and
how it can help you in college and the rest of your
life thereafter. When you're my age your parents or
guardians tell you what's best and good for you.
The same goes for guidance counselors and teach-
ers in schooL Both are fine in my book; but when I
turn on the rig 1 like to talk to people and have a
good time and escape the daily rat race of people
telling me what's best. - Gordon Bellet WA1JWQ.
Broofcline, MA 02146.
WX3MAS
C On behalf of the officers and members of The
Delaware-Lehigh Amateur Radio Club (W30K)
located In Bethlehem, l*entKsyJvania, 1 would like to
express our thanks for your help in promoting our
recent club project WX3MAS Christmas City IL S,
A.
68
The official bulletin sent out from W1AW
really played a big part in our tremendous success.
Literally hundreds of the stations worked during
the project commented that they heard the bull-
etin about our project and were there waiting for
us to put WX3MAS on the air. A total of 7,I8A
contacts In all 50 states and 102 DX countries were
made. We felt it was a tremendous success and also
a heart-warming and rewarding experience which
will long be remembered. - Norman Zolttfk
WA3FGS• Bethlehem, PA 18017,
TT SEEMS TO US
An editorial column like "It Seems to Us../'
does NOT belong in a magazine like QST, and
should be removed.
Why do magazines print editorials? Most publi-
cations are privately-owned, and their editorials
express the ownerships' opinions. But QST is
owned by tens of thousands of League members,
John Huntoon may be the editor, but beyond that,
he is a League member, just like the 90,000 or so
others of us. So why does he get ? page and a half
of prime editorial space each issue, while the rest
of us are confined to a few column inches in the
correspondence column?
It should be fairly obvious, then, that a column
like Mr. Huntoon fs represents an imbalance, as well
as a threat to the democratic spirit of the ARRL.
In view of this, the column should be deleted
immediately. Do any other League members sgree?
- Frank OrDonnelIm La Uabra, CA 9063L
FIVE-BANDERS
Congratulations! For the fintf time I feel
compelled to write you to commend you on one of
your actions, which I believe has done an outstand-
ing service to amateur radio — the institution of
the SBDXCC and 5BWAS awards. I am a college
student, and while home for Xmas 1 was so
shocked to see the activity on ten and fifteen
meters — never have 1 heard the bands so popu-
lated! Although the awards do not encourage long
QSOs, at least people are operating and showing
FCC there is significant activity to warrant that the
"seldom used" amateur bands be kept for ama-
teurs, I also hope that those operating on these
bands for the <5B awards will also discover that
they are good for the longer, friendly QSOs that
hams are noted for. - Timothy G. JuhU WA8QWR,
Aimont, MI 48003.
JANUARY'S OUCH
4 I know it is in the interest of fairness that you
publish criticism as well as plaudits in the "Corr*
espondence from Members*' column of QST. This
practice is laudable when the criticism is thought-
ful and constructive. 1 am disgusted, however, with
the occasional "rabid ravinp" of angry, ill-infor-
med people which you see fit to print. It is
distressing to see their bitter invective given the
attention of being published.
QST for
 This practice dries not increase the effective-
ness of the correspondence pages of QST as a
forum Tot the expression of legitimate concerns
about League activities. In fact it may actually
deter correspondence from members with reason-
able suggestions or complaints who are loath to be
compared to these irrational, egotistical protestors.
The subtlety of allowing their own words to.
condemn them is, I believe, wasted on the kind of
person who would write the sort of comments I'm
referring to.
Formality is certainly not required in our
communications, but dignity and reason are surety
prerequisites to useful discussion of controversial
issues. - Kenneth H. Beck, W3VOX, Newtown, PA
18940.
C I have observed that ignorant individuals are
seldom content to keep their ignorance hidden, but
are happy only when they are braying it to the
world. This "ouch" correspondence is one of the
most blatant examples of ignorance that I have
ever witnessed. - Bart D. Crawfts, W7KSy Phoenix,
AZ 85032.
4 I have just finished reading the January
''Correspondence From Members" and ( find it
depressing that some amateurs can be so nar-
row-minded and selfish. My roommate and 1, both
hams of seven years experience, have found the
W1AW code practice and Official Bulletins very
helpful in keeping up our code speed.
It seems to me that since W1 AW operates on a
fixed schedule that it would not he a tremendous
inconvenience for a ham not to solicit a QSO near
the scheduled frequency at a time scheduled for a
W1AW transmission. If one doesn't appreciate the
fact that there are many amateurs and non-ama-
teurs who would like to be able to hear W1AW, I
would at least expect him to realize that one can't
carry on a QSO in competition with WIAW and
therefore to QSY out of common sense.
Is a clear frequency at a scheduled time for the
benefit of many too much to ask? Or Is your
particular QSO more important to the amateur
community? - Jonathan W. Pearce, WB2MNF/WA-
JUG, Haddonfleldf NJ 08033.
I have discovered a very interesting and useful
fact about the dirty old men who wait eagerly for
the arrival of 0230 each evening to have another
crack at sending WIAW's code practice sessions
into a screaming and howling tailspin, Evidently
these fellows, for all their efficient and well tuned
10-Kw rigs* can only jam one of AKRL*$ frequen-
cies at any one time! The obvious solution (unfor-
tunately only applicable to those of us with a
crystal-controlled first converter) is to tune the
receiver VFO to X.020 MHz. and keep, the left
hand on the bandswitth while taking copy with the
right hand (naturally left-handed amateurs will
have to reverse that procedure). In this way a quick
switch can be made with scarcely a missed code
character whenever The Enemy starts to jam one
frequency after murdering another. In my case 80
and 40 meters work very well. - Herbert Drake,
Jr.. WB6fMPy Mitt Valley, CA 94941.
NEVER TOO OLD
C Thought you might he interested "that it's
never too old to learn." After being a Technician
for many years and at the age of 67. 1 recently
received my General and Advanced ticket, and
work all of the other "over the hill boys" on 40
meters each day. Incentive licensing has stirred up
March 1970
the old noodle and I highly recommend ham radio
to keep you young. Keep up the morning code
practice on WIAW. It's real good practice. -
Arthur Beckman, W9DIW, Indianapoli^IN 46222.
ARRL FILM
<1 I must compliment you on "The Ham's Wide
World/' It was shown in Cleveland on one of the
local TV stations. I am glad I got up out of bed a
little earlier to watch it. It was an excellent
presentation of amateur radio to the person who
would know nothing about the hobby. 1 enjoyed
the film very much and I am Looking forward to
seeing it again. - Gary Jones, WASYXI, Euclid.
Ohio 44132.
H. I was passing some traffic to a station back
home when my wife came running in to tell me of
a TV program about ham radio that was about to
come on, 1 had read the QST references, but 1
found the film even more thorough, effective, and
delightful than anticipated. The varied and valuable
aspects of our hobby which were depicted in "The
Ham's Wide World" made me feel proud to be a
hanL Congratulations to all those involved for an
excellent job. - Eric A. landau, WA 2KER/Q. Ft.
Riley, KS.
<1 Congrats to everyone involved for excellent
film on ham radio. — Marshall L. Lincoln, W7DQS,
Wickenburg, AZ 85358.
It is difficult to believe that so much inform-
ation on the many facets of ham radio could be
packed into a half hour movie, and still be as
entertaining as this one is. 1 hope the movie gets
the widest possible circulation to the general
public, - Robert Wilcox, K80MS, Owosso, Ml
48867.
The program was very informative and inter-
esting, and was presented in such a manner that a
non-amateur wasn't left in a cloud of confusion.
I'm amazed that so many aspects of hamming were
squeezed into a half-hour film without losing
continuity. True, a lot of Hamming's activities were
not included, but what did appear should be
enough to stimulate a keen desire in anyone who is
interested in getting a start in amateur radio. - Art
Pahrw WA9UEK, Plymouth, M 53073.
GRANDFATHER
C FCC Bulletin No. 1003 on Amateur Radio
Service contains this excerpt, "An applicant for the
Amateur Extra Class operator license who was a
licensed amateur prior to April, 1917 may receive
credit for the twenty-word per minute code test
and written examination Elements 4A and 4D
provided he currently holds a General or Advanced
Class license or qualifies for the General or
Advanced Class license." This bulletin is dated
1968.
The period from 1917 to 1968 represents
approximately 50 years. It would appear to be
reasonable to request a change from, "prior to
April 1917/' to, "at least SO years." If this could
be done thenfl as time moved on, new, "old
timers," would automatically become eligible for
the Extra Class license.
I do not believe that all, "old timers/' are
exemplary amateurs hut I do think that an amateur
who has maintained his interest in radio for 50
years is probably sincere, dedicated and worthy of
this consideration. - Wolcott B. Louis, W8BHJ,
Parma Heights, OH 44130.
69
 CONDUCTED BY BILL SMITH,* K0CER

The Buzz geographic latitude. Aurora signals have been heard

in Florida, but never in western areas of the same
URORA is the watchword for March. While DX latitude.
A In most instances antennas must be pointed in a
on the high-frequency bands has remained northerly direction for signal reflection from the
excellent through the fall and winter months, the auroral curtain. Great Circle distances (the shortest
tiear total lack of F-layer DX at SO MHz is evidence direct distance between two points) for auroral
that sunspot cvcic 20 is declining. Prospects for contacts range upwards of a few hundred miles.
crosscountry and inter-continental F-fayer DX on However, some auroras produce DX in excess of
SO MHz are not good, but those of auroral DX are. {000 miles, most common immediately after the
Past sunspot cycles, during their decline, have disappearance of shorter distance signals. The
produced excellent auroral openings, March should long-range DX will likely be workable for only a
be no exception and some of the more intense few minutes, so it is the alert operator who is
auroras, while not as frequent as during equinox successful. There is no substitute for calling many
periods, have occurred in the summer months. short CQs, and careful listening.
Portions of the information to be presented here Another interesting aspect of auroral signals is
will be old-hat tn most vhfers, but a their occasional correlation with sporadic^* prop-
once-over»llghtly review is appropriate for the agation. It has been found that at times signals
newcomer to vhf. A basic background tn what to reaching the auroral curtain jnay be contained
look for and expect may be found in the ARRL within the curtain or along its edge and propagated
11IF Manual> Chapter 2. Uter we'll touch upon over long distances. There is conclusive evidence of
some areas of interest to the more experienced in this over paths from Alaska to Europe on frequen-
auroral propagation. cies up to near the six-meter band. Amateurs have
The GEO alerts broadcast on WWV during the made contacts between New England and the
first half of the 19th minute of each hour provide Pacific Northwest and between Alaska and the
some clue. New forecasts are broadcast each day at Central States westward on 50 MHz under similar,
0400 GMT. The GEO forecast, combined with the but rare, conditions.
regular propagation forecast transmitted by WWV One amateur looking into tlus type uf propaga-
the last half of every fifth minute, may be used as a tion is VE2A10. Geoff is investigating work across
guide for predicting an aurora. A "W" or "U" the North Atlantic. The path from VE2AIO to the
forecast is the tip-off to be on the alert and to start United Kingdom is not much different in length
your antenna searching the northern sky for than from VE2AIO to the West Coast. Geoff says
auroraJIy-propagated signals, Cw signals have a his observations during the past two years indicate
characteristic buzz. Sideband often becomes so the trans-Atlantic path to be even more favorable.
badly distorted that it is difficult to understand, He has heard the 41.5 MHz BBC television audio
and a-m is usually unreadable. signal three times on aurora. (Sec the June, 1^69
In addition to WWV forecasts, which are not to edition of this column, page 92, for similar
be relied upon entirely, a check of the RO-meter observation by W2BOC/) On two of the three
band in late afternoon may reveal an aurora in the occasions, no North American auroral opening
making. took place. With regard to Eg, Geoff has logged the
Weak* watery-sounding signals give good cause 41.5 signal seven times on summer days, but not
to be on the alert. Similarly, the signals from always on days when there was stateside £>. On
Canadian time station CHU, on 7,335 Mils, or December 22, 23 and 24, 1969, VE2AIO logged
Radio Moscow may be the clue. But these are only the BBC on what he believes was The long,
clues; the sure way is to get on the air acid make slow fade normally associated with F-layer DX was
some noise. Undoubtedly many aurora contacts arc not evident, and un these same days there was
missed because everyone is listening, particularly stateside Eg shortly thereafter.
during auroras of short duration.
The auroral zone extends outward from the In pursuit of a trans-Atlantic 50-to-70 MHz
magnetic north pole in the northern hemisphere, contact with the United Kingdom. Geoff has built
the reverse being true in the southern hemisphere. a 70-MHz converter and beam, and has enlisted
Because of geographic location uf the north mag- several English stations to participate. Note that
netic pole, aurora is much more common in the English amateurs do not have use of the o-meter
northeast than in the western states of the same band, but rather the 4-meter, 70-MHz band.
•fctend reports and ttoirespond^iwe to Hill Smith Certainly this is worthwhile work with interesting
K0CE&, ARRI+ 225 Main tik, Newinffton, Conn. 06111. possibilities. Six-meter DXers located in the North-

70 QST for
eastern states might do well to equip themselves
with 70-MHz receiving gear. VE2AI0 has laid the
groundwork for the across-the-pond DXers to
search our 50-MHz band.
If such an opening does occur, please be sure to
document it carefully as to complete time and
signal characteristics. Even the most obscure-obser-
vation could prove of great value not only in
amateur circles, but professional as well.
Much professional study in this Held is under-
way and we shall discuss some of the findings at a
later date. This is still another possibility for
amateurs to contribute to propagation studies, and
it was amateurs who discovered auroral propaga*
tion.
Sony About That
I have received several cards and letters telling
me a number of the box standings were wrong in
the January column. What apparently happened is
this. Type set for a previous month's listing was
accidentally reused in part for the January column.
It wasn't until after the February column was
already set that the error was discovered. Therefore
the January errors were carried over to February,
but through the sharp eyes of my wife, WBpAFL, f
hope this months listing is back In order. If not,
juit keep those cards and letters coming folks! And
while you're writing, how about a picture of Bill, W0MTK, has erected this array of 4-element
yourself in the shack, and some operating news for Yagis for his 50 MHz scatter work. The bays era
the column? spaced 13 feet, the top is 40 feet above ground,
but look at tha location! Bill's transmitter is a
Swan 250.
OVS and Operating News
50-MHz F-openings provided much fun during
the holiday season. Here's a look by areas reporting W6YKM reports a 5-hour opening Dec. 12,
DX activity. WAIDPX, Mass., caught an one-hour during which he worked all call areas except 1, 2,
opening Dec. 13 working 4s, 8s, 9s, and £s. The and 3. Fred also worked V£6 and VE7, all with
next evening Ray worked 9s but said the opening exceptionally strong signals. WA6HXM- noted the
was spotty. WA11FE heard multi-hop to California Dec. 14 opening, working a number of Oklahoma*
on the 14th and on the 21st John worked 4s and Texas and Pacific Northwest stations. The next day
9s, Pete again worked into Washington and Oregon.
From Pennsylvania we have four reports. WB6ZSO, a newcomer to six meters, worked his
WN3LYC reports several December openings, say- first E&> while on Christmas vacation ftom Califor-
ing the 24th was the best day. Paul logged states nia Polytech. Charlie worked Oregon on the 13th;
(torn the east coast west to Kansas. WA3JWL says Texas, Washington and Oregon the 14th;WA7FHP
the evenings of Dec, 23 through 30 were excellent; In Montana the 24th; and on Christmas, W5SFW
he worked 4s on Dec. 20 and Ss on the 22nd, and and WB4ILZ. Not a bad introduction to 50 MHz.
WA3FMI noted similar openings highlighted by a K7ICW notes six meters being active in Nevada,
Dec. 14 break to California. with himself, K7ZOK and WA7s DSP, IER, and
Two reports from Kentucky this month: WA4- JTH handing out contacts. Al reports Dec. 13,14,
GHQ worked New England, Texas, Oklahoma and and 17 and 19 openings from VE7 to Minnesota to
Missouri Dee. 16, and W40TP chatted on ssb with Louisiana. K7NVUv Wash,, says the E season
several New England stations on the 14th. In peaked on the 14th with a 5-hour opening to most
Florida, K4PKV found conditions very goocl. Dec. western states.
11 and 12, Dick worked 5s, on the 13th he worked WAS1BK, Ohio, says "mostly quiet with a few
KP4s BBU and DEC. Dick says KP4DEC had an 4-(anders breaking through on the 29th/ 1 WA9»
excellent signal from a new linear. On Dec. 21 YXA» Indiana, reports a Dec. 14 contact with
K4PKV worked all U.S. call areas except 5, 6 and VE2AIO, and work with Wis and 4s on the 22nd.
7, and on Christmas day, he worked W6ABN. Dick W9EIT» Cedar Rapids, Iowa worked Is, 2s and 3s.
says WB4ILZ worked seven California stations Dec. 24. W0PFP, also Iowa, worked Florida and
within 1S minutes on Christmas. K4PKV reports Colorado Dec. 22: 2s, 3s and 8s the next two days.
also fair Eg January 5-7, WB4BND, Miami, reports In Colorado, W0MTK reports E$ on Dec. J 4-16 and
working Puerto Rico Dec. 6 and stateside Dec. 7, 19-29 except the 26thl Bill worked just about
8« 10, 13, 16, 19, 21, 23*25. Hoppy says the everywhere except the northeast states. Bill's
Christmas opening was by far the best, seven hours neighbor, WpMXA, reports similar success, inclu-
to everywhere east of the Mississippi. He also ding a generous helping of Washington, Oregon and
caught several early January openings, and on the California stations which would make eastern
2nd WB4ILZ worked 6B and Idaho, the latter being DXers envious. At least it's nice to know there is a
an excellent catch from Florida. K4RBR, also chance.
Miami, is giving WB4BND*ta kw. some competition, in the Caribbean, VP2MJ, who signs VE3EVW
with a pair of 3-400Z* in his final. when not wintering on sunny Montserrat, worked

March 1970 71

2-METER STANDING
KIAB* ,. a 1478 W5AJG >. .33 9 1360
W1AZK .34 a 1412 WSUKQ. ..30 ^8 1150
K1HTV . ..33 a 1310 W5LO . .29 r 1325
K1WHT 31 a 1300 K5KTK , ..18 6 13 JO
>;IUGQ ., .3D 8 1370
KIWHS .. .29 3 1300 WoGUO .
W1VTU .. ,29 8 <296 W6WSQ , , .16 4 13«0
KtttfCK .. 7 127S K6HAA - ..13 4 1380
W1F1H .. .27 7 1100 K6JYO . , .12 4 1240
W1HDO •. .24 7 1040 K6HMS . ..11 4 I2M
W1JSM i. .23 t7 1000
ftlRJH , . .21 i 14S0 W7JKG . . .27 6 1320
KIM 1J .. JO 7 1225 K7NJT ^
WIMX . . . .IS ft 840 K71CW, r. .16 4 1246
KIJJX ... .IS 800 K7VTM . ..19 n 9$A
W2NLY .. S 130 0 W8PT ,. -..41 9 1260
W2CXY . . .37 s 1*60 K8AXU . ..38 & 127S
HIORl ,, .37 a 1320 WS1DU . . .36 a 1 150
W2AZL ,, .36 B 1380 WSYIO . . .36 s UOO
W3BLV .. s 1150 W8IDT.. . .3$ s 1150
WA2FGK. ,33 ft 1340 K80£0 . . .32 8
K2HTH • -.33 s 1 its WSNOH. . .26
WH2W1K . 8 W8TIU ,. . .24 s moo
IVA.2CIK . .3 J 8 1160 K8ZES, . .22 8 67S
W1CUX ...27 8 1334 WA8VHG .15 6 540
WtCftS .. .26 8 J 270
WB2&IK.. M 6 1000 K9SGD . . .42
K21>NK .. .24 ^/
1200 WA9UGT
WA2EM8. .23 $ J 335 K9AAJ . -.41 >7 1200
WZCNft .. s 1130 K9U1F -r T ».41 9 1150
W2DWJ ., .2* 6 sec W9AAG . . ,39 9 1200
WA2FMW >21 6 1000 W9VYF , . .36 8 1050
WB2FXB , .21 6 915 W9IF A ..
K2YC0 .. M 7 7 SO \V9PBP, . .32 ft H2A
W3RUE .36 8 1100 WftRFB , . .45 10 I3S0
VY3KWH.. S 1335 wbNXK . . .44 10 1369
WWiKC ,. a 1 tos VV9DQY ,. .41 9 2JU0
WJ&HG >. .30 s 1140 W6LER ** .40 9 1440
K3CfA iT s 1200 WOLFE . . .40 9 UOO
WJBDf .. .2$ 8 MOO W*FYF . ..3S 4 1380
VVJHb , .23 8 1310 W0ENC T..35 9 1360
KJCFY .. .21 7 4SO WfF-MS . ..33 9 1320
K3HBU .. .21 7 9*0 KfMQtt .
W3TIA .. .20 S 1341 K6CER . . .28 8 1205
V, 3 £D >..19. 6 700 W0LCN . . .28
W.<0&»»L , b MS W(JDRL .
W4HIQ .. .39 V 1150 VE1AUC . , .7 I 500
W4WNH .. JIS 9 1 350 VK2DFO . .2S 7 1340
W4HHK.. >3S 9 1280 VL2HW . . .11 S 800
k4t>L . . . .3' b 1325 VE3BQN . ,34 is 1250
K4feJ(? . ...37 8 1125 VFJASO , .33 * 1290
K4| xi;,, , .36 8 1403 VH3EZC
W4CKB .. »3t s 1440 VE3AIB. . .29 S 1340
K4QIF.., 8 122S VE3EVW , rl$ A 1100
W4VHH .. .35 8 UOO VK3CWT , .18 7 1072
W4M M a tiso VfiTBQft . . .9 y 1248
W4AWS .. ,2V 8 LJ50
WSIIfiO -. to 1J9ft VK3ATN .. .3 310417
WSRCI... .42 1289 I^SOU 1 1 * 100
K5WX2 .. ,36 10 I4S0 KH6UK , . . .2 7 2540
wshkv . . ,36 10 I28S OHINt . . 1 ! ftHSO
Th* figure* a*t«r uch eaH refer t» states,tilt)treat and
mUenjlftofliM DJt. R*vi«d Mtrch, 1970.
W8RSL, Oh jo* and W9KXQ, Illinois* on Decem-
ber 23, at ) 500 GMT. Monty say* he heard several
3s and,4« until 1710 GMT but couldn't raise'them.
He suggests DXers look toward* the Caribbean
more often. Monty also lays, "no TE noted since 1
arrived on Montserrat December 19th." He should
be having it by now. VMM J will be active until
April.
K7H1X/KG6 closed on Guam December 26th,
after 2 years in the Pacific. Ken worked Japan on
Dec. 17, Id and 26. He says k A 2 0 0 and a number
of JAs (Japanese nationals) operate around 50.11.
trom March 1968 until his departure. K7HIX/KG6
logged 203 six-meter DX contacts: mostly Japan,
but also including Okinawa* Australia, Hong Kong
and Hawaii. Ken says Morry, KG6ARW, remains
active on Guam and that KL7DTH/KG6 has a kw.
on 144 MHz* looking for Pacific stations to
schedule on tropo or meteor scatter. Any EME
possibilities Lee?
We've been requesting more scatter reports, and
this month we have several. Some are typically
ionospheric scatter, others are enhanced meteors
72
during the December Geminids and January Quad'
rantids showers.
W6Y KM says scatter was excellent Dec. 10-13 as
the Geminids meteor shower peaked. Ionospheric
scatter is popular on Saturdays and Sundays from
1600 to 1730 GMT. Stations in the Bay Area
5 13?» transmit the first 2¥i minutes of each five-minute
period. Stations in Oregon and Washington trans-
mit the second 2Vx minuter. Frequencies used are
between S0.102 and .105. W6YKM has worked
W7FN every weekend since mid-August, with 80
5 1290 percent copy on most contacts. He lists the
following stations as active every weekend: W7FN,
WA7GCS, K7VNU, K7BBO, and W7CNK. They
are often joined by W7UBI and K7WIJP.
The Quads shower brought several observations
on six and many on two meters, and all closely
agree the meteor shower peaked Jan. 3 between
1165 1800 and 2100 GMT, W6BJ1 worked W7FN,
K7BBO, WA7FVT, all Washington; WA7AWJ and
WA7GCS, both Oregon; W7UBI in Idaho and
WA5QOP, New Mexico. WB&NMT ran a series of
J 300
9 1 103 schedules with W7FN and W7CNK during the
Quads shower, Jan, 3 and 4 t from U700 to 1200
GMT. At 0700 signal levels were about normal
with nearly continuous detectable residual and a
8 1060
few bursts. By 1000 GMT, signals had started to
increase in residual strength, and bursts were longer
and more frequent. At 1100 GMT, the residual
level had increased to almost continuous 10 to 20
dB over the noise, and bursts up to 60 seconds
duration were S9. W7FN and W7CNK live within
30 miles of each other, so Louis had them transmit
9 1125 simultaneously. WB6NMT copied them at times on
different hursts or at differing times during the
(00u
9 1295 same burst.
In Washington, K7VNU says scatter conditions
during December were generally poor, though he
copied WB6NMT nightly, making contact about 50
percent of the time. WB6NMT, W6YKM, WB6-
A 17*3 OKK, WB6GKK and K6PXT are the most often
heard at K7VNU. John runs ISO watts to stacked
5-element Yagis up 70 feet.
Colorado ^ W0MTK" reports excellent scatter
success. See the picture of his array elsewhere in
this column. Bill works scatter just about anytime,
but on the Jan. 3 Quads peak he worked W0QIN,
Minnesota, several Texans, California, Washington
and Oregon. 4 'Best scatter IVe ever heard - up to
S9," Bill reports. He and neighbor W0MXA regular
ly work into Denver, a path of 185 miles. So what,
you say? W0MXA and MTK Uve near ftutta,
elevation 4S0O feet. Thirteen miles away the
mountains rise to 700,0 feet and keep rising to
13,000 feet at 147 miles. The signals then drop
into Denver, the mile-high city, 185 miles away, in
the Denver area. W0AJY and WA0K1N are the
most often worked. W0MXA, like W0MTK, works
6s on scatter prithout difficulty, WA6AKM being
the most consistent. One last report on the Quads,
Wf>P£P says the most activity was on Jan. 3
between 1838 and 1930 GMT.
WA2CVK, long-time NCS of the East Coast VHF
Sideband Association, says their weekly Sunday
morning net, 1600 GMT, has moved to 50.175 to
avoid scatter operators in the Jower portion of the
phone band. K7BBO, Washington, is nearing com-
pletion of a new kW final to go with one just
finished for 144; and at Everett, Washington,
W7MZN says he likes six for its uncrowded
frequencies and wonders why more operators don't
take advantage of vhf for local contacts.
144 MHz. Meteor scatter was excellent during
the January Quadrantids shower. W0LER, Minn-
QST for
esota. bays the shower peaked late the morning of Before the Geminids shower, S'E2U*'0 ran four
the 3rd and estimates a radio count perhaps as high times a week 13-minute skeds with K4GI. Pings
as 300 per hour, John copied eight consecutive and bursts average 25 per schedule, but of real
I S e c o n d bursts from W7RQT at 1830 GMT. The interest to VE2DFO was that the 940-mile path
ionization was dense enough to produce a met- seemed to show tropo scatter possibilities. This
eor-related Es opening on SO MHz. Similar obser- Observation coming in winter lends hope of suc-
vations were made across the country and there cessful tropo scatter contacts during the more
were reports of meteor backscatter on 144. favorable tropo months.
W0LER wonders who the W4 and W7 were who Now some random 2*meter news:
were scheduling uit 144.056 at 1830 GMT, At W3LHF is now W3ZD, and his states worked
column deadline we have these reported contacts, standing has been changed accordingly, WpWRT,
mostly on the 3rd. Omaha, says the Ak-Sar-Ben Radio Club's repeater,
WpEQU, is prompting much fm activity around
K4GL: WA0CHK Omaha, The frequencies are 146.34 in and 146.94
K4IXC: K2RTH* W2AZL (without skeds) out. W5UKQ says most Baton Rouge area 2-meter
W7RQT: KjfrCER, KpMQS, VE7BQH activity is on 146,94 fm. K3C2I and W3MFY are
W f L E R : K2TXB, W7RQT running a ssb net Sundays at 1500 GMT on
KpCER: W7RQT 145.025 and checkins we welcome. Nine members
K0MQS: K7Nli; WpJ YC, VE2DPO, VE3CWT of the Tu-Boro Radio Club, College Point, New
WApCHK: K4GL, WpJYC York are on 145.62 rtty at 0130 GMT daily^ They
VMCWT: K4G L, Kf)MQS welcome new participants. Contact W2LXC for
VE7BQU; W7RQT details. This information is from WA2PMW.
Surely there were more contacts, bow about more In preparation fol- the March aurora period,
reports, fellows? VE2DFO suggests aurora DXers adopt tech-
W81DU says the Geminids was quite poor, niques with eastern stations calling CQs the second
though he did hear many bursts from W4CKK JO seconds of each minute. Don says voluntarily
scheduling KpCER. Both Bev and myself wish we setting aside a segment between 144.11 and
had done as well hearing each other as W81DU did 144.125 for this could lead to more long-haul
hearing us! K4GL reached 37 states worked by aurora contacts.
contacting WApCHK, Missouri, during Che Quads. (Continued on page 76 f
The contact with K4GL was WApCHK's first on
n*, then he worked W0JYC. who is providing
much Colorado 2-meter activity. VE2BGJ is now
signing VE3CWT and has worked 18 states*
A meteor shower receiving little attention is the 720ATHI KZRIW ,4
Ursids, Dec. 20-22. WlFJH says the shower ha* a W2SEU .0 330
"minor" rating but during his successful Dec. 20 W1HLKJ . . .13 5 < 450
schedule with K0MQS, it sounded quite good,
KLJ1X . . .
KlBFA . . .10
At 4 600
3 225
K3IUV . , . J 6
W3KUL , . J 4
* 730
7 SKS
K1ABR worked K0MQS on the 21st and W0LER W3UJC 9 4 400
K2CBA . , .17 S t090
worked WB2SIH. WlFJH reports dsn he and W2DWJ . t .IS s 740
VE1AFB, Nova Scotia* have been scheduling over a K2DNR . , .13 s 600 W4FJ . , .20 7 995
W1SKU , • .12 5 325 K4QII 7 1065
500-mile path. Since VEl AFB erected a K2RTH . 4 600 K4SUM .13 * 4*2
4u-element collinear regular contacts are made w:crs . ..10 4 440 K4EJQ, , ,.i4 * *0V
W4HJZ ...13 5 560
with signal levels usually Jff> dB out of the noise* WJUJG . * .14 5 460 W4VHH t l J2 4 75*
Shows you what decent antennas will do on a W3XUE . . . 1 0 5 4B0 K4NT0 . . . .9 2 B3S
KJ1UV, . .JO 4 310 K4GL .. , .7 J S»5
mostly over-water path. W1JSM is back to 23
states worked after leaving Massachusetts in favor 2 J 090 W5RCI 19 6 8*0
of New Hampshire. Don is scheduling W0LER, K4GL .. ...3 2 4S5 WSORH , f 4 700
Minnesota, daily at 0400 to 0500 GMT, on .045 W5AJG 7 3 I01U
W5RCL . . AO 5 910 W5VKQ 6 1 $90
and .039 respectively, for those wishing to check WSAJG . 2 1050 WSAWR 4.1 «3 2 272
meteor counts. 2 64)0
W6PQI « . , ,4 2 360
Another schedule of interest is that between W6WSQ . 4 1142
W50KH and XfclPY. Mexico City, daily 1315 to K7ICW 4 77S
2 250 W7JRG . .3 420
1345 GMT; both stations near .09, but XE1PY W7JKG . i * «2 2 959
perhaps 1 KHz higher. Their first contact was Dec. KSRkG , . . 2 0 too
6 660 K8DEO . . . 2 0 675
26, and several have been made since. XElPY is W8YIO . , , 1 9 650
running good power and K0CER has heard pings W0EYE , -9 4 910 WSHVX . . .1* 660
and letter bursts from him in South Dakota, a WRCVA 62 S
VEAVB.. 4 450 WBMNT ..A3 600
1615-mile path! WSRQl . . AO 41S
WB2W1K, New Jersey, enters the states-worked 420 MHz W8CVQ . , ,10 400
RIHTV . . .IS 4 610 WASVHG 62 S
boxes this month with an impressive 32. Steve runs K3EAV/1 .14 6 700 wbfwf ? 450
a kw. and 15-dement Yagi. VE3BQN has raised his KtBFA . ..13 5 710
WA1JTK . .11 4 715 W9WCD . , . 1 9 7 829
total to 34, tops for Ontario, VK3ASO stands at 33 KIJIX ,. . .11 4 460 WA9HUV .17 7 7S0
worked. WpHOZ, Missouri, nears a box listing with W1QVF . n l O 3 400 W9AAG . • .14 5 800
IS worked in 7 call areas plus VE3. W7RQT is W1HDQ . . . 1 0 3 250 WA9NK1 . a a 6 $60
W9J1Y . . . . 1 2 6 S50
active again from near Salt Lake City and says he's K2ACQ . ..23 S 92 i K9AAJ n i l 2 5 43*
accepting schedules on u first-come, first-served K2CBA . ,,20 s 2670 K9CNN , 5
WA2EHB , .18 6 720
basts. Pat runs a kw. and 20+ dB array, putting out K2UYH , * .17 6 S40 DRL .ISq 6i * USS
an excellent signal. W7JRG. Billings, Montana, has W2BLV . 6 732 W?LER 3 709
LCN » » t »* 3 TOO
moved to a new home, Ken is preparing for a
renewed assult on the bands and says he regularly
W2CLL . . . n 6 693
W2DWJ . . . 1 6 4 570
W2CNS . . . 1 4 6 52S
si ..
EYE • •I ,7iS 2 703

receives television channel 10 over a 300-mile path VVA2FGK ..13 $ 42 S VE2HW iii <4 3 7*0
K2CYO . * .10 6 67 S VE3DKW, .11 7 940
at his new location. K0MQS is back to 28 states K2ARO . . .10 5 580 VE3E2C S 5t0
worked, and during the past four years has made WA2EUS ...9 4 260 VE3AIB.,,.* 4 4S0
more than 70 ms contacts.

March 1970 73

CONDUCTED BY LOUISE RAMSEY MOREAU,* WB6BBO
WA C Y L
M URPHY is the old man of the sea that everyone
of us finds as a constant companion from the
moment that we make our first attempt on the air.
He makes very sure Chat we can't depend on
anything except his whims. We can't expect
arm-chair copy on every contact, in fact, we axe
never sure whether we will get out of the backyard
Kometimes. We come to know that we probably
won't log a badly-needed section or country in the
contests, and we can only hope that conditions will
be half decent when we plan to keep a schedule.
But one thing we can expect to have to do the
minute the word leaks out that we hold a license is
answer lots and lots of curious questions about it,
and there is one that we can be sure we can get
from everyone: "How far can you get with your
set?"
One of the many tangible awards of amateur
radio is the vast array of certificates available to
marie our achievements in just about every part of
the amateur radio service. YLRL offers a parallel
of some of the major ones but in this case there is
the additional requirement that all the contacts
must have been made with women operators.
Among the most popular of these certificates is
the WAC-YL that proves two-way contact with
women operators in each of the six continents of
the world. Antarctica is not included because there
are no women on the ice who are licensed amateur
radio operators - not yet, but Evelyn Scott,
W6NZP, will be heading for Antarctica this spring
and hopes to be able to operate* with proper
permission of course, W6NZP/KC4. While a con-
tact with her will not alter the rules for WAC-YL,
*YL Editor 4QST. Please send all news notes to
WB6BBOV home address; 1036 East Boston St.,
AJtadena, Calif. 91001.
— r !--•«.• 1
ipP1^.- *
WAC-YL Certificate.
74
lews
m
it would add a really rare flavor to the certificate
for those fortunate enough to log Evelyn during
her brief touch with "the ice.'*
Of the 807 certificates that have been awarded
since its inception, the first was issued to none
other than W2QHH, in 1948. There is a pip of
seven years following Howie's acquisition until two
more OMs, ZL1BY, and G4ZU, were the second,
and third persons to receive i t Since that time the
search for YLs on each of the continents has
become extremely popular with both YLs and
OMs, for unlike the DX-YL, WAC-YL is available
to any amateur radio operator who submits the
required qualifications.
The rules for acquiring this blue and silver
certificate are; 1. The YLRL issues a Worked All
Continent-YL certificate to any licensed amateur
in the world 2. Two-way communication must be
established on the amateur bands with the six
continents: North America, South America,
Europe, Africa, Aria, and Oceania. Any and all
bands may be used. Cross-band contacts are per-
mitted. Contacts may have been made over any
period of years. 3. Contacts with all six continents
must be made with duly licensed woman opera-
tors. 4. Contacts with all six continents must be
made from the same location. Within a given
community one location may be defined as from
places no two of which are more than 25 miles
apart. 5, Six QSL cards, or other written confirm-
ations, showing proof of contacts, must be sub-
mitted with application. IRCs, or equivalent there-
of, must be sent with the confirmations to finance
their return by first-class mail. The Y1R1 will not be
responsible for any loss or damage to same. 6.
Decisions of the WAC-YL custodian regarding
interpretations of these rules as here stated, or later
amended, shall be finaL 7. Send applications and
confirmations for this award to: Miriam V. Black-
bum, W3UUG, WAC-YL Custodian, Box 2, lngo-
mar, Pennsylvania, 15127.
Mid-West YL - Plan Ahead
What? Annual Mid-west YL Convention.
When? Jane 19,20,21,1970.
Where? R&mada Voyagers Inn, 401 Detroit Street.
Flint, Michigan.
The registration will be closed April 1, 1970.
The total fee uf $8*60, includes registration;
Saturday luncheon; Saturday banquet. Foe the
OMs who will accompany their ladies, the banquet
is $4.75. For all registrations after the April 1,
deadline, there will be an additional fee of $J>0.
Send to: Marion Bees. W8UAP, 2039 East WbitUh
more Avenue, Flint, Michigan, 48507.
QST for
 The Flint Y U are sponsor iflg the 1970 meeting.
Those who have never attended before are in for a
wonderful experience. Those who return year after
year know that these are three day* wett worth-
while. So, if you hold that amateur radio license,
and are a YL you are eligible to attend. Don't
forger those swaps!
Colegas y A migos
The "'People to People" program has a very
personal touch between the Mexican and North
American amateurs through the annual motorcades
to Mexico, as well as meetings held in Southern
California attended by representatives from both
countries. In the group are 18 YLs, as well as
OM-XYL combinations. The gals who are members
of Colegas y A migos are: WB6TZV, Dixie Arnold;
WB6DFN, Roberta Baldwin; K6EXQ, Cornelia California VLs who were a part of the Colegas v
Hauck; WA6UBU, Esther Gardner; WA6TOH, Eve- Amigos trip. Front row: Esther, WA6UBU; Mil-
lyn Fischer; WB6ERM, Jan Rogers; K6ELO, Rox- dred, VU6PJU; Senora Socorro Plaza de Tlco,
anna Griggs; WA6EZI, Helen Miller; WB60TP, XE2YX. Back row: Roberta, WB6DFN; Dorothy,
Marian Peak; W6PJU. Mildred Maxon; W6DOY, WB60SP.
Harriet Amborn; WB6DQZ, Alice Ginsburg; WA6-
1SY, Myrtle Cunningham; K6PRN, Edith Smith;
JC6KDB, Merrien Swanson; K6JZA, Dorothy Cha-
fee; WA6HYU, Mary Ann Eastman; and WA6QJO,
Margaret Graham.
The YLs who were with the 1969 Motorcadc
visited an orphanage in Ensenada, which is one of
their projects. Some DXpeditions go halfway
around the world, but none has made more friends
on a continuing personal basis than this group.
WA7BDD, Joan Gallagher
For Joan, happiness is a Bug between her fingers
and a traffic net to meet. She got the OM a short
wave receiver for Christmas and they "just hap-
pened" to find the amateur frequencies on it. Joan
was perfectly content to remain an SWL, but the
OM put the pressure on and they both received
their tickets in 1965. Joan has never been sorry,
Her favorite form of operating is cw and so far as
activities go, traffic handling is tops on her list with
rag chewing a close second*
VVA7BDD was heard on the traffic nets soon XE2YX, Senora Socorro Plaza de Tlco, with one of
after she received her General Class license in the the orphans at St. Theresa orphanage during the
Northwest Slow Speed Net. Two years later she November, 1969 Colegas y Amigos motorcade visit
was checking into RN7* and for over a year was the to Mexico.
only representative from Idaho. Joan operated a
cw rig at the Girl Scout Roundup in 1965, and
maintained a 2-meter link with the National Boy
Scout Jamboree in 1969* where she handled over
600 pieces of traffic for the BSA. Joan is a member
of the ARKL, Yl,RL»and is Secretary-Treasurer of
the MI NOW Net. She holds YLCC. RCC, CP-30,
and WAS un 80-meter cw. She has an ORS
appointment and has plenty of BPL cards and the
Traffic Medallion to prove her activity ts anything
but casual.
The OM is WA7BDC and they have one daughter
who has not yet shown interest in radio. Joan's
other hobbies are reading and needlework.
New Harmonics Editors
Harmonics, official publication of YLRL, will
have new editors in the year 1970, The CAY-
LARCS have volunteered to handle it as a club
project, which Is something new in the 30-year
history of this magazine. WA7BDD, Joan Gallagher.

March 1970 73
 The Galveston Area gals succeed WA6AOE,
Maxine Hanberry, who took over the editorial
duties from WA6LWE, when Madgefc activity on
MARS became too involved to allow her to
continue* Under Maxine's editorship, Harmonic*
has received several awards.
U their Citizen of the Day award, made in "recogni-
YL News and Views" extends good wishes to
the GAYLARCS in the latest project of this
extremely active YL club.
Meet the Club - NYC-YLRL
The oldest of all the YL clubs was organized
originally as a Chapter of YLRL in 1941, by
W2NAZ (now W6NA2) as a part of this new
organization of women amateur radio operators.
NYC*YLRL meetings are held every other
month at the home of one of the members,
Luncheon meetings are held each June and Jan*
uary, and there are not meetings during July and
August. Any YL visiting the area is welcome to
attend the meetings. If there are none scheduled*
then she will be invited to attend the NY Radio
Club meeting at the George Washington Hotel.
When the Hudson Amateur Radio Council,
comprising a number of the clubs in the Metropol-
itan New York and New Jersey area, hold their
bi-annual conventions, NYC-YLRL take charge of
YL functions, and maintain a hospitality room for
both men and women who attend* During the
World t Fair in 1964-1965, members of this club
assisted in manning the official station K2US,
1970 officers are Dot Wescott, K2DPN, Pres-
ident; SalUe Lobenthal, W2UXM, Vice-president;
Helen Zuparn, Secretary; and Madeline Greenberg,
W2EEO, Treasurer. Since the NYC-YLRL does not
have a net, there is no certificate.
WB41KS, Anne Irving
She was born in New York state, is a former
model and owner of a major beauty salon, and
came into amateur radio because she had to
undergo surgery* While hospitalized, Anne met
another patient who was a ham. Through her
curiosity, Anne learned the code and got her
license although she had no station for a While.
WB41K3 officially went on the air in 19 63.
Anne is beat known for the assistance she gives
on the air to missionaries, and to people in trouble
who need help. She has used her phone-patch
equipment to connect parents abroad with their
children in the United States, to arrange for
welfare of travellers, and to keep relatives in touch
with a member of their family who is undergoing
surgery* Anne has axsskted in plans for a honey-
moon; helped a member of a ship's crew who
needed hospitalization; as well as keeping service-
men in touch with their homes.
She doesn't operate DX other than her participa-
tion is the HALO net, and emergency work, and
WB41KS, Anne Irving.
enjoys working beginners who are just getting
started in the Novice bands.
Anne designs and makes her own clothes, and
when she isn't busy on the air, or sewing, her
hobby is her home. In October 1969, WB41KS, was
honored by radio station WFUN, in Miami, with
tion of outstanding service to the community."
WORLD ABOVE SO MC,
{Continued ftam page 73}
220 MHz and Up activity is at its seasonal tow this
time of year, but WB6NMT reports on 220 EME
activity, WB6NMT and W7CNK heard nothing
from K1CBA during December tests, probably due
to a dish feed problem at K2CBA, Jud is working
on this and should have it solved shortly. W7CNK
has finished his 160-element collinear array and Is
correcting matching problems. WB6NMT has de-
bugged his pair of 4CX300S final, solving his drive
problems. Louis says WB6TJO has a 100-watt
transmitter working, and that WA6JYG and K61TZ
have 220 projects underway.
VE3CWT I* on 220 with a Sft94 and 9*element
Yagi. He reports contacts with W8IDU and
W2CNS, and is looking for some 9s. We don't have
a 9 listed in the states-worked box. Any candi-
dates'? WB2WIK has 100 watts on 220 aud a
15-element coJUnear.
On 431, Ai, W00RL, has been scheduling
K41XC, a 1150-mile Kansas-to-florida path, and
W4KJ, Virginia. During the December Geminids, he
heard pings from W4FJ. During a Dec. 22 IJrsids
schedule WpDRL got pings and a "W4" hurst. Ted
heard 5 pings in Virginia. The Quads shower was
better* Al copied 4 bursts of up to 10 seconds In
duration and numerous piny from W4FJ- Results
at the Virginia end of the 1000-mile path were not
quite as good. W0DRL comments that frequency
readout may be the major problem on 432 skeds.
Accuracy is of extreme importance, because ms at
432 is short-lived; but I'd het that before the year
is over Al is going to make the first-ever 432 ms
contact.
W82WIK is active on 432 with a 5894. His
converter is a Parks 432-3. That converter is in
wide use but most have checked out having a 6 to
S dfi noise figure. WB2WIK says W4API and
K4SUM have a conversion for the 432-3 that
lowers the noise figure to 3 dB. Charlie and Joe,
how about passing it along so we may publish it in
the column? K2ARO has increased his 432 stand-
ing to 10 worked and is building towards 500 watts
on the band. W2DWJ, with 16 statea worked on
432, says he has worked lfcU different stations on
the band and wonders if anyone has done better.
WA2FGK sports a 4CX2SOB final and 24-element
collinear, good for 13 states.
On 1296. W0ZJY, in Kansas, says he, WAjMYK
and W0YMG are active. W0ZJY is experimenting
with antennas and converters. W5AJG, Dallas, who
also signs W5HN, says fcSPUF in Gainesville,
Texas, has 20 watts of ssb on 1296. W5LDV.
Houston, has a 40-watt 2C39 rig. WSHPT, Bedford,
has 35 watts on the hand and W5AJG runs 45
watts output. During the summer tropo season,
W5AJG says paths up to 200 miles or so are
generally solid. Helix and 7-foot dish antennas are
favored.
W4HHK has his 2304 MHz kw, working and
continues EMC tests with W3GKP and tropo
scatter schedules with WA4HGN, BS?=J
 CONDUCTED BY ROD NEWKIRK,* W9BRD
Bow:
Anyone who has the least familiarity with
wizened editorial minds knows perfectly well
what the subject of this m o n t h i u t r o will be.
Dern tooting an up-dated sample of those ques-
tions transmitted 111 the first AitKL DX Contest
some forty years ago (last month's "How's").
Oh, just in case somebody wants to try it that
way again in the interest of more meaningful
QSQs or something. Alight even bring us back
closer to our craft . . .
C-L3. How many scratch e* are nn your trana-
wiw?
ilr* you lowed against loose tatobrf
D-31. How high are the front feet uu your
transceiver?
A.-23. Areyourchromevtrlpspaoe^mouDtedor
breadboard f
0*6. Do you know who scratched your trans-
ceiver?
V-I. How nsaoy dB over can your 8-meter
read?
Dn your house lights blink when yon
coughY
M-17. How do you level uneveu transceiver
leetr
C-&L DO you get good factory service on ]OO*A
knobs?
F-7. What ia the beat amount of chrome on a
linear?
H.-34* Do your neighbor*' lighta blink Tvbcn
you cough?
X-T6. In your kgyer paddle bright red or bright
gran?
Doca your mikfc cord re&eb. the refriger-
ator?
B-1U. Do you ever urt H t m with your new
keyer?
X-I8. How many mikea cat* yuu teat <*on-
aeoutfrelyT
* 7863-B Weal Lawrence Avbm Chicago, 111. 60656.
HB0XFY, expeditionary production of Gateway to Europe Radio Club's DURM gang, Issued »oma 2600 liechtwuteln
QSOs last- mid-October. That's DK1BN and DL2GB making arifcfccheckabove Vaduz valley, logical QTH of tho Month.
(Photos via DUER-WA9HYS)
Jj-14, Doea the family pop your VOX from
the kitchen? •
Oh, enough on r.he technical. Most of ns are
said to be appliance ops anyway, and we wouldn't
want to discourage contest participation by being
overly scientific. How about something along
thit* Line to fit other vital topics of the day?
E-A. Morat-che* aside, what do you hate rnont
about ham radio?
W-in, Did you have difficulty financing your
station?
Z-i!l, What'* the resale value of an unftcratoherf
'68 ZupeniparkerT
A-7. How juauy club* and societies have you
resigned from?
C-38, Which radio recitation ia eaeieet to
ignore?
J-l, How do you ohaae othere off your favorite
frequetutyY
Hay, this is a fun game. Maybe instead of the
Jjgague whornping up the questions everybody
should rig their own An analysis of DX Test logs
could then well provide enough data for years
of research into the tttate of the art, to say nothing
of several volumes of Hints, Kinks aud Strays.
AititL Contest (kunmitteetnea, QltV?
Who:
"CQ 2 MC DE K8DHT" around 1802 kHs
was known to be a reliable tip-off that the bounce
was getting long and interesting on 160 cw. The
low bands were Tom's DX beat although he
caught his share of stuff with the 20-meter crowd
as wolL We're grieved to relay this notification
from friend W9UCW: "On January 7th Tom was
electrocuted while working on his rig. K8DHT
; « i i— - s • / »
was a fine fellow, so interested i n all a s p e c t s
of b u i l d i n g a n d o p e r a t i n g . " Indeed b e waa,
a n d " H o w ' s " loses a f r e q u e n t i-outributor t o
t h e s e pnges. If a n y t h i n g c a n b e gained b y nuch
a t r a g i c loss it m a y b e i u t h i s w a r n i n g : T a k e
every c a r e a n d c a u t i o n i u t h e h a n d l i n g of y o u r
equipment,
Whit:
Better unload some more pox DX pvp*ti tbis mouth
Moth our miU disappears under a paper pU*-up, Sounds
like wild skip to till points in your "How's" roundtablet
. . . "I'm DXperimeutiat tt*tb stow-scan TV and RTTY."
— IILGP. . . . "OBS and OVH here/' — WB8C£f£. . . .
"Very 73 from FbrM" — JV8AA-P2QQ, , . . "UotarwU
charge out of Urnmmiebaby's 'Make 88, Not QKM/ 11 —
LAtfAD. „ , , "There** a dose Link between the IJ.H.A,
and our city of Plymouth/'— <;*VUli . . ."Good iJX
DU i a r ~ WN2K£A. , . „ "Need forme fur n ^ fiB-
WAfck" — WBfrSDZ, , . . "Perhaps my uld call is
remembered at AttKL »vni though uld friends Wis 1>X
and TB are retired." - JH1WIX. , . „ "UH2YVs last
&B-JJXCC holdout was a country on Vli meters."—
W L C W . . > . "Hanging LR too *uod Eur the tide *bo
mesaed aivund r>n CMIftMK's frequency,11 - WA2BIU.
. . , "ZMlAAT/k knocked me off my chair with an
nuHvrvr to »uy routine ;037-kli* CJCi/*— W9EY, . . .
"No new Ki* licenses have beeu issued sine* Hro timber,
1MB/' -WA5VICJ. , . . " l u t o r a t in 'PXpedition »f
the Month.1 activities lute increased Considerably wince
inception of 5B-DXCC/" -- WJUIlk. , . . "Get rigs
from Australia but draw blank* or* VKPKtt." WttKZO.
i i > "Been scheduling KL1RD for some thirty ycurv oik
cw, a^LA and oow nab." — W9AU. , , , "Keep tip the
j£uod work, ARKL." - WAftVKP. . . . "Had difficulty
obtaining: a VFO for my Macqunrie station/ 1 — AX0LU-
ZL4K.V. , . . "Contact me with any itueatiuns abuut
KTTY activity in Germany - l>J9XB. . . , "I par-
ticularly enjoy the photos of DX amateum in QitT. —
DM2APG. , . . "WN4UK, tny XYL« caught 8Z4J,V »r>
ftfteen," W4YOK. . . > "From t*pvrienee with pluvious
£>Xp edit ions we dwiH«l against prearraiMC^d acheduiea."
— C53UPT-GD6UW. . . >11 Moving to tu^tlux tiuuae
here in Quito reveled what junk w? had eeiuiiAtiiatpd m
four year* at the uld QTIf/ 1 — HG1TH-E50DZ. . . .
"Viaited with neighbor JA7J>Bii/W2 after noting hi*
addreea in your pa«te»/v ev-Y02B0. . . • "Anyone
intereated zn a ZKl UXpudition f»r JuLy^' — WB41ZU.
. , , alao work two inetera *ith a homemade half-
watt transceiver and li-elment beam." — HB9AOE/W4.
. » . "My SB-200 jrotn well with a R^fUbigh 7&-ioeter
dipole^"— WA1JMR. . . . " Finally sot tn the bottom
of a mountain of QML details/'— W7BE» . • . "Uood
1>X on 15 phone h^rp tliania to a aett 2A"ft<hiah minibeam
ai>d HW-1UU." — WA1JK.K* - . . "Loiitf-path Africans
roll tbroiifth </* 20 cvr/1 - KftMHG/6. , , . "yNlMM.
and b'R7ZG in rapid suecemion uii 20 nab; what a i«irt"
— WA4EMJ. , - - " T w t j r fair, fifteen hot, and tpn
fantaatie." — WA1JHQ. . . . "lx>fta of fun and i n t e w t
thia aeaaon workicuc DX the hard way UMik" — W1BB.
, . , "Been uhMio« a WA16MG fur five yi-arw," —
W9LNQ. . * . "Don't really need my linear for plenty
of SJ-MH* r»X." — &4TWJ. . . . "Thinjca etill looking
up on 10 ew." WB4KPJ. "Not aure which would
pleaaa hi* moat, delivery of a new <JMT i»r my oveniue
H'HHftg «BL/ f — W8Y6R. . . . "Brtit liX timea here
on NO ow have been cioae to predawn at thp «nu<tpm end
of the circuit."^-- KkKA* . . , "Scads of JAa on 21 atul
a* MHi- M — W1DAL. - , f "{Jond picking* on 10 ew." -
KJCUI. . . . "Have a Rube Ctotdhprg rut* rotator IOT
my homebr«tt tiro-element quad." - W A W O Y . . - 1.
" Rope this is the ftnit at many a IOmeter report to eoiu^/
— WB2CVE, . . t 'Til be watching 1 'KowV to if
the KA3 I worked turna mit okay/ — WAtt YJ. . . ,
"After 47 states aa a Morioe I'm apjilyinn for WAB and
KA7CW, muftloparotvd by KA7YW (Ieft) with other*, and KA2RM kick up quit* a voice itorm In ARIEL DX Tests. KA7CW
ftnishad a strong second to KA9MF In the *69 affair, and KA2RM breathed hard on the neck of Japan winner JA1AEA
for sacond solo spot. (Photos via WA1KQM)
YVAC u a Gmer»l." — WB4LIL. . , . "My new three-
Hleinent Yagi works out wpH on 1ft," — W A 2 F O S . . , -
" H l ' l b pitiked fruia t^ie wrong direction on my W^neter
beam/' - WL8WX. . r . "KB8XX. on mottnn& a t I'SUO-
1400 GUT, iK tough to CMlah/1 — K0GSV. • . , "My
fiewtribanduuail'BHWHis l.B;( or lower across 20 through
Itt" — K.8TRF. . , . "We of ^apitul Hill A.K.C. rua a
kilowatt to a vertical atup the Old hnnatf* Bml<iing."
WA3KSQ*W3US&. - , . ([l»Xiojt ie limited hnre by
a college th<*i* HUK April 1st," — WA3YWR. . . . "I
certify that1 JASAftR'e August activity at my station
wa» legaL* — CR9AK, . . . llKive-Batul l)XCC Mjust
greatl" — WINU. . . . "Never heard of ^KHMAB' ,
K J M G E ^ , , "Nnclosed tind the ZS3 QTtl n«pd<-d
by WNflYMWV'-- K4QCE, f , . "I'm former 4
Oli4C,4Mv
KL7ANR and 8V0AB." W3StiCjh . , . *My previous
call wax l/ASAYNV— UAJFF, . . . "tf»igge«it you re-
print the Jenvm eartoou iroiu October 'ttt (/ST1.** WA2-
BCiN. , . , "Jiere ar» photos of oun of my QHL hoyaa"
— WiCTN. > , . "Still enjoy the game and keep running
into u(d ratiio friends/— W2GP- - - , "Dutch DX
Certificate (DDX.C) is available for proved communication
until 2u Holland amatpiin»4 t^vo PJTs and oue PZl frtim thia
suriety
M
at F.O. Bo« 190, Uruiungeiu" — VRZ<V . , .
Komp very hue DX on 16 meters/' - VVN6JUU, , 1 . .
"My 35-ft^bigh iJl-MUi dipole ruoa luirth-south/ —
WN2FQF. . f . "fjocation here is 44U0 fvet a.s.l/' —
ZK&JU , , , "Us Navy gitys in Scotland look forward
to QST w b uioiiUi/"- GM5a AHK
1
AlfA. , - , "See
you again saciu with more 1>X botes. * — W N 2 D R S P P . ,
"Wv doseu crystals UHp cateti Si I-Mil* DK." —WN6-
YMW " H o t work, AHHLl" —WB4KZG
"Kirat time I ever4 raa into such a dual, a phony b W . "
— WA4YJJ. , . . 'Uokuig for more as a QHU
manager for DX stations." — WBSBTV. . . . "KSUB1
miue tlirouidi with my h'HttHg QHL in s>olyeUlit days.*
W4JUK, , . . "Carry on ther«>v UMl" —• W5QPX, , 4 .
"He tuwis liuw you tto carry on." —* WB9CJS. - . •
"My father, KtJUb;, \raa visiting me at the time 1 got my
license.11 — 9N1RA- . , , "Jinny received her call October
HHh." — K60£. . . v "Hope Ui give mauy more Laotian
routswts to WVKs on 40 and m for CC." -
XW8UB-W40BT. . . . "Got my K O T P U ticket thirty
day* after application upon arrival last July/ 1 1IL9VV-
WA0YUJ, . , . "AfWI has decided <>x* relaxation of
curtain Workml RppubUc of India ^WRI) award rules."
— VU3C2. . . • "Mail from Afghanistan seenia tester
than nuuui Local dehveries/* — WB3BMQ. . p « "Tea
•ipened up prettv \\*;[i tills si*asou.'f — W A 9 2 C P , . « *
*T1I be in the ARRL Test." — TA2AE. . . . "Working
hard on 401 and m aud si<iehand to help W'/Ks witn
Ab-DXCA^ * — VKAIZ. , - . ''VKVAV. who rwsnutly
rnornl to YK5-laQdB was prohaMy the most active Northern
Territory a t a t i o n / ' - VK8AF-W50NL. . , . "During
QSO W4BW rpporti^i to me October reception of 2B>M Hs
beacuo station DUUUL" - D U F L . . . . "After fifteen
uiouths as X reached 13U/UJ7 H ul ked/confirmed;
now after ftfteeu months as WA2LDX i'tu UIU/UH."
— W81BX- . , . "Heard une of those BY'1 stations on
twu*M —WBWTR. 4 • - "The W ^ U B toeuticmrd in
h>bruary's pages really is V,'WLIBP" - « W 9 B R D . . . .
"Hah ( you attain," — WA9UMM. , , . "Bhould
be operating h«rr till 71," — C^ANX-WA2MEQ. . . .
"Calling DX with a dipoje and 4U watts im good code
practice/' — K.4CAX. . , , "A brand new Novicp beat
me to KZ5PBN." — WN0VJC. , . . "BCNU on all six
bands." — WLBLIL-PJTFCIWIR . . . "One crystal and a
droopy dipole g*t* tin- 1>X ou 1ft." • - W N H D S P . . - .
"Radio Sweden Amatfiur Radio ITlub, 8K0AC, has about
forty lueiikbera," - SM0OY. . . . '^UBftWJ, an airline
ftummiinicator, ia 3tt and has a daughter, 14," — K4CFB.
. x c 11'Trying a prop-pitched TH<M>XX 1441 feet up/*
— W8PKY/1. . . . "DJtfTK and I are friends uf kmg
standing." — WASNDb. . . . "DXer W4IA. now retired
in KforiBa, is a fellow member r.f UUT<V — W2GJX. . . *
"Uevigrapnje bn«kdown of your 4What* listings makes
reference mnuh w i e r / ' — W1BGD/2. . . , " t can accept
UM. postage here,"- Y81XEE-HU1P, , , . "tt'iUi ia
HLBC/umiT" —WASJZR. a , , "Please k«.«p those DX
n o t * rolling." — WAiilMK. . . . "My 7-Mlls inverted
JA7DBG/W2 and Swbs miss HB9AOE/W4 art amateur visitors from overseas who thoroughly en|oy their reciprocal
operating privileges, Mikio it an •bctrorics technician in New YorK, while Susi pursues studies in Alabama.
fPfcofo vra e x - r 0 2 S 0 ;

for a 2:1 SWR on 15 meter*." —VE3GHO.
" W e try to get an the air an much as potable.?' — KA2NV-
WA9DGM. . . , "Only three QSLs arrived via lily local
bureau in the laat few months.11 — HL9VL- , . . "Ten
TRCfl are required for issuance nf our WAJ5WA award."
—ZS3BS. . . . "Pacifin L>X Net, 14,26* kHx, began
service January 1969." — CIKGlU. . . , "Well known
OZ4H celebrated his 61st birthday working 28-MHs
D X / 1 — WA1FHU. . . . 11 Kept digging at the ARRh
lAeenu Manual to sharpen up for my Advanced/' — F08AA."— WdNTO. . * . M ^ n t WAS info and rules to
WAWEK. . . . "Q^KJS/ram in radioman aboard the
Onm$ay, a south seas cruise ship." — C3MKR. . . . nudxe
"Worked Novice* in all 60 states with a simpl* ipi old-style ~ WA0LGS. . . , 'TIL soon be leaving W4EBfor Okla-
2epp antenna," — PY2BJH, > . . "OP1GF QtiL hunters homa and return to the air/' — K5LMG. . , - "If only
note that my QTH is okay in Callbootc* of the past 13 1 ormld have caught Asia on tOO Vd have retired to the
yean.'9 — W6AF1 "La
M Logging many DX contest
(MOi." — YN1MG. . . . "Really enjoyed my stay at
VPSAZ's Antigua Beachcomber Hotel/' — W3VBM, . . .
"The north-south 6-meter DX path open* well from Feb-
ruary into Apnl/ 1 — VP2MJ-VE3EVW. . . . "Couldn't
find 4M1A on my countries lists/'— W2NFB. . . . "Offr
lacks anything resembling a propagation chart/' —
LJJ. . . . "Good day on 16 with GK6LV, CT1UE and
ZFlCC bank to back/' — XE1BN. . . , "Wanted to
answer WN5YMWrs inmiiry on ZS8XQ*s QTH but no
QTH here for WN5YMW!" — W 6 0 J W . . . 7 "ISls FUT*
and UO recently visited my shack." — W78LU. , . ,
— "Listening to US, 20 and 40 on my Blaupunkt with
hopes of becoming a WN6 soon/* — 8 . Garber. , . .
"Ten is ttpariaUy good this season/' — RHfiEQW. . . .
"Who's the P R managing LX2CQ's QSLs?" — WA2GXC.
, . . "For possible use here's a photo of SPSAFL with
UA6BV/—K4RON "You have the same DX
station and operator pictured twice In the October '09
issue/' — WA3ITR/k . . . "Space Center A.R.B. station
WB4ICJ added 14.0&5 klfs to its List of frequencies on
Apollo I2Jaunobday."— IUDJN* . . . "Can't keep track
of that WA9PRE/3 address for 9J2XZ QSLa/' — WA2-
WYS. r . , "Mistakenly used Mexico time instead of
GMT in preliminary XF4 announcements/1 — XE3EB.
> , . "Very few of cay 5B-DXCC QKU come through
direct even when IRCs are sunt."— W3TV. . . . "A
third of the card* I receive foT KOBRK come from short-
rave listener*/1 — W9VNG. . . . "Have 256/327 coun-
tries
•tibb heard/confirmed
ravro/WDni on the amateur bands." — J. Morris.
. » , '"(ffiLs
arkE!Ls showed from TI3DD and YN18V fchw Hay*
shoi
after <£0s." — WB4JXN. . . # "If everyone used GMT
correctly ly for
for tli
time and dttf* how much simpler things
would be for all concerned/' — WlNJM. . . . "UAfYT
remembered and reminded m$ of our QSO almost exactly
one year earlier/' — K2QBW> * . . "Amateur* can build
overseas friendship betwepn great eitsea as well aa between
countries/'—JA7DBG/W3. . . . "Missed last July and
August 057** while on European vacation/1 — EL9B. • . •
"Helped found the Israel Amateur Radio Club as 4X4CZ
in the early '60s/; — K3KCS. . . . "FCC usually ap-
prove* special calls for public service activities, not for
UXpeditlons/' — KH6BZF* . . . "WB9BOP, formerly of
KG4AN and ET3LT8A, has bevn hamming since he wan
thirteen and has started plenty of daw amateurs on their
way." — WA7KEH, . . "Will he gtad to get my m Extra OhlQW 9SQY, WBs 2DZZ 2QVE 4KZG 4LTL aod 8ABN,
aoa'dodge most of the writhing W/K mass on 20/'-—
WA4CZM. . , . "I'm indebted to K38WD for instruction
and encouragement." — WN3M0D, " M y first ARRL 4ZZU 6EQW 9SQY, WBs StDZZ 4KZQ; (10 cw) Wa
DX Contest was a real pleasure." — YN1GLB. . . .
" I may have worked a phony 3A2, but then again perhaps
not!" — W2LX " M y first call, W8NGH, expired
in '41." — WN2JNV. . . , MFlere are some Q8L coutrt
for your info/' — WftGNX. . . . "REF members treatini
meMkereal DX while I was in Europe/' — WBHABN, . f ,
"Ten still opens alraust daily/'— W3JZJ/5. . . . >c9till
wondering about the EQ4CV I worked (n ' M / ' — WXDMD.
. , . "CRSAl atfks if it would not be better to assist ama~
CKUrS p«!| Ttnanently nituated overseas rather than the
DXpediU litionary type." — WB4HJN. , . . "W1V VM'a
tindng with rules for the 70 ARRL [)X C-ontest was per-
feet/ - — VK3QV. . , . "FOBBO U club custodian of
FLSHM."—K8UDJ. , . . "Anything you can do tu
my QSL holdouts will be greatly appreciated/'
event oowt in style/' — W3DPJ. • . . 4IA new job and
new quad go well with D X / ' - W 3 H N K . . . . "Our
club's I1DFL call has not appeared in rpcpnt CaUbookiy"
— W4H&N. , , . "BVIfe AH aod AL will use my post
offifl* but after my switch Stateside/1 — 3V8AC-W6JVG,
. . , "8tiil looking for another Ranger to replace the <me
I lost in a September fire," — W2QHH. . T , "Fortu-
nately for the continuance uf the s.w.l, hobby many hams
do Q8L nur rpportn/' — L. Wflfte. . . . "If more DX
keeps QSYing to 10 meter* 1 may be DXCC bv March/ 1
— WA5SOG. * . . "Some of us 10CMxu»ter bu^s met the
late KSLJtrr on a trip to W8GDQ's last November." —
W9UCW. . . . 11 Building an rig on retirement from
the Air Force after 27 years/4 — W5MOJ. , , . "W4MOfl
my uncle, keeps after me to get a ham ticket." — J, Helen.
'Surprised_ by ITlFTT's answer to my 75-watx
CQ at 0200 GM^T un 70(30 kHi." - WA2HDZ, . fl -
"Planning a UXpedition to Andorra for this month or
next/' — DL4ER-DL4RM. . . . "I'll he active until
April." — XW&CR. . . . "CR61K hopes tn make the
ARRL Test on sideband." — W2DKM. . . ."Up to 96/69
after chasing L>X for a year on 20 with 180 watts, a ground-
plane and HQ-100/' — W7YTN. . . . "Now \VA8 and
wAC on attic dipoles/1 — WB21WH. . , , "Twenty
meters generally best here for DX in midwinter/' — VR3-
CIIL. . . . "Our Worked All Britain <WAB) program is
generally supported by the British amateur fraternity/'
— GftABG. . • « "Jnat got my General and hope to
become a regular 'How's* reporter/'— WA2FLK. . . .
' T v e resumed operation as W4ZCC." —ex-YAfZG. . . .
No more spacv now. More quotes anon and hence.
IB » » •
(Jetting a workout in the ARRL Test? By-the-book
tail^ending is hard to get used tn. Remember, you Kive-
Band DX Century Club aspirants, 5B-UXCC cmliU
are not available through contest log cheeks at ARRL Hq.
< intta make with the Q3Ls. Man, with guys on the DX
end panting for fiB-WAB, aod a mounting multitude uf
W 'K/VEs oeeding junt a iiandful of lower-band countries
to complete, their fiB-HXCCs, old 60. 75 and 40 never
gut such a frensied long-haul milking! . Hevt
month we expect to climb bsck aboard your "How's
Bandwagon for a swing acmss 15 phnne with Ws 1 ARR
IVRK 4DY 3HNKL 4YOK dYRA 8VGR PBF RLNQ,
K4TWJ, WAs IFHU tJffQ 1JK2 2BHJ 2FOB t Y V R
Waiting in the winn we have (10 phone) Ws lDAL 3HNK
4Y0K 6YBA 6YGR WAs 1KHF 2BHJ 3tfFOfl

March 1970 79
Generation flap* Hardly In our world of DX, Some of Japan's DX pioneers of the 1920s and ' 3 0 i are bandfng to-
gether for a fun-filled comeback after long QRT. From left to rights ex-J2H1 who awaits Ms JHI call, JH1V/AH (ex-J2HV)p
JH1WKS lex-J2IX)t JHIXEO l « * J 2 B ) , JH1WIX (ex-J2GX) r JH1VOE (mJ2HG) and JH1 W O N (ex-J2AY). Old-timers
should remember most of them, especially former J2IX, still as ever Hie petite DX-wise YL. In the second considerably
younger group we find (J. to r j SMs 5 A W O 0CER 5RN 0DHH and 0 O Y of RSAQ Radio Sweden's amateur radio dub,
who hit DX contests hard under the call S K 0 A C The TV control layout Is that of Radio Sweden, not SK0AGI
1 D T Y 3 H M K 3JZJ/A 4 V O K S Y G R , Ks ACUT AMHQ/tf,
W A i Lb'HU 2BHJ R , W B * 2 U M 4KKU; t M phoael
Ws 3 H N K 4 Y O K 6 Y H A 8 Y G H 9LNQ, K4TW.I, WAs
1K11U * B H J 4ZSSU QJsQW, W B 4 K Z G ; i2U cwi Ws IJJAL
4 Y O K 7 Y T N 8YC5R, As ftfcIEG/B 8 T R F *G8V, WAs
1M1U 2 B H J 2 FOB Sill>55 ZYVtR MriUY, W B 4 K Z G ;
i4U cw> Ws 4 Y O K 7 X T N » B Y t K 8 T K K , WAs lfr'HU
t J K Z 2i£DZ 2YWJt; i4u phone) WA1JKS&: .80 «wj
WlftWX, W A l b ' i l U : ami cw) W L B B ; (15 cwi WfiBfcK,
WA2* B i U JIDlfi and W N 2 K & A . btick around, sunspots.
Where:
AFRICA — " I handle Canadian QSLs for »J!lRq " apcci-
J\ VfciaGHLp.1 "Cards for Q8D* with the States are
taken eare of by W B3KXB, and stations elsewhere should
QKL via G 3 V Y K or direct to Allan."
i/A ^uUsftn Wf&WlU points nut that the1 real TYQATBS
In L I D X A ' e
hasn't tired up since '67 " ( - R M f logs remain a
problem/' 11admits DJtpedition of the Month proprietor
WSUHh.. We are missing record* from September 1] to
l>ecerabcr 2i r IW7\ also Jtebruary 25 to April fl, 1W&*
No logs are on hand for (?KA£P activity since June 3up
IVtfH."ftttureminds us that UB2HM now handles ttlwBM's
i/tfLa , J*i*4V8AC I WttJVOJ advises that IVBROK
will continue to clear hi* remaining Tunisia confirmations
£13 is a possible variant prutis mentioned by
D A R C s DX-MB sooopehect Developments at
French outposts are covercd in DX dispatch**:
K5CJK manages Q 8 U for new FBfcWtt operator Robert,
active w ew since late December K2M.O continues vm
QBL tender for P B & X X whose oj Henry wa> rti»otiy
relieved by FtfAPti and othera. K9.JH keep* title aft OHL
scent fur fr'BBYY, siao due a new operator* ami still awaits
some 'OU A delta logs. FBI J H doea chores fur fresh KB8ZZ
staffer Georges wlio made the Amsterdam scene Lti January.
A S I A — Kormw YA1ZC writes from Atlanta, (t ! have
/a. many unanswcml and s.w.l. cards wbLcb 1 will
take care of in due time." John's W435CC address appear*
m the liatina to follow * Departing XvvWJR
ooubrms, M AI1 QidLe for me should be forwarcied through
W2GTN." . Iran QtfL manatfer W A 5 V K J at
APO 09205 s t r e s s that K F aUtiims are uot liemacd Cor
mobile operation, marine or oUim-wisp* so any tjp/mm
activity ts purely lielf-^tyled, unotiiciai and not oonhrtnable
throufji Riok^s addro», _ January A C 3 i T operation,
according to West Oiant OX Buitetw, r^uic o»urtesy
visitor W1KLS» a music n«Rarchprf whose home address
is okay for QiSLs , . In Lonjc Wand 1>X Association's
DX Bulletin h-c note declaration a 100-peraunt Q 8 L
policy by WM3UX MPIQBK'h watar Qi^Lina
plans call for W/K/VK/VO cards via K4A1QG witti sc-lf-
addrossed stamped envelopes, others via M P 4 B i l H with
self-addressed etiv«*lupvs and international Reply rmipoiu
W 3 M B U sutes, " f manage 1IM4FA Q 8 U a»
of August 10, lUtty, s.a.B.«3. only, liugs are slow coming
hi/' , _ . , . ^ off Watts's OX uietitions
P.O. Box ltiftll, Hong Koog, as a QKL aHdrm for possible
expeditionary work by W4AA1C and VBdohnrts.
rcUROFE • " S V I O H logs for all W / K ^ E/TG QSOs
JLj from February 2 through Hrormber 12, IVtUJ, sip
oa hand," apprise* WA3K8Q» " Q S L s havi; ^ ' n iv-ot dirrat
or buruaua. Anyone who lias iiut fMidv&l his du<%
card may send his QKL to mo with n.a.M.*. fu» immediato re-
sponse^ u From LeRoy VVaite of the AltHb 8 W L
Bureau: O N 4 T J t manager for ONBAK, wss ill through
80
much of and was unable to do any QBLing until
September. Aoyone now needing an <)N»A h1 uard can send
a jvpeat request direct to Georgia or via UBA. IftC's
not required* ''Effective this February t amQHL
manager for liXJHW," records W 3 H N K Yugo-
slavia has oiiimuetuorativfty rpviv«d its old V T pretia,
aud Italian brethen cdebrate a Home aunivrnwy with
1HH calls, authies unchanged in both cases . . . . . . . Kt-
HA4KA-4HA-7FX), uuw aubbltng up uiultiband D X as
WAIFHIT, rvocivM a fmX batch of (jttLa hum Hungary's
bureau for his U)4ti- 'd0 activity in this old country. They
bruu#ht back tuauy a memorable un-the-air mnineat* Kor
example, n-ioeuihcr OU13EU, and f l B C B / K W when
Triest« was a DXJJC aoudy?
HEIUCABOUTS — WS IHWX: WAa S F L K
955CP, VVBs 2 U D Z anct tftOK dominate and applaud
"QSLers of the Month" C T 1 U A , KI8H, h^HAK
UaAPN, i'AnJM D O , V K 2 W D , VK1Q, ^ K I B F and
Z M l A A T / k , plus QBL aides W 3 H N K and Eor
imuimaity fast maiUna*. Any commendable qnicidce out
your way? . . . - - \VA*VK£' ami W B I C ^ X want to help
harried D X ope with matters From Florida
D X Club's DX He-port we learn that W 4 B V H holds bV/VCW
logs dating from Decorator ItJ, J ^67. Earlier records and
were lost by rire in Kingston ._ "Hava
losoi for every tjtiU made by J>*G7TDP#< announces
WBttABN. "Jack will *Wp subsenueut log* to me every ten
days aud I have about 30U QbLe to till out. B.a.s,e. ui
rttiuired from each W/K, a.a.*, plus one /KG per nun-
\\/Kr , Went Coast f f u ^ U n hears that some-
body's been swipinc VttlO's call, abu* that Y81HT appears
to be f i c t i o n a l H T s ar« cfiaauiscd VNs cclebratlog
a Nicaraguan tu-do, sutfaves unaffected. Aa most of us know*
your A K H L HoUiu Amat aw'* Handbook include* a list uf
international prehi hlnrks ou fde with the international
Tdecommunjcations Uninn. Reference tu this reveal
ttiat (*V2AA v for instance, is in Uruguay, f>Y;HiT would
Kenyat and could be almost any old place
. H . ^ . ^ titfGlIK »ayt that iJotM incoming cards, afU'r
handiinR» are rv^utualiy Ivrvi^arded tn the D X ops or
stations concerned. H \ \ r still issim CJWliS vu a atraggUng
tmais aoing back to the first J expedition of the Month.
tSee, that waa 'aay back in 'btt already.
OTITfl A M E R I C A — " I ' v e answered moet due QKLs
S iiow," reporta f U n T i f . b u s i M with diazuang local
''btill a little behrnd but patching tip mst. M
"Reccobly received coutc^t Jugs fi»t 4MM-," notes
VVatiHK. "(JtiLing has been cumpicted cxrcnt for strag-
glers." . " V W K R , according to V F 8 K U has been
totally inactive/* debunks Vv LWQCJ, cunccrning a recent
7£-ui«ter siekie _ S'ufir nn.mUily (JTH catalog nuW,
kwpiiig:
lb
in mind tiiat each item is nectfiwiirily unttwr
rithcial'\«x>u((iietcnoraccuratc. . . ,
CT2AO, Bok 1-W, i'utita Delgada, A tore*
O L I H H t H. tiroh. An der Bahn LM231 Nicdrr-
hni^hstacit/Ts, W.Uermany
D L 4 V A , fL Vandpffnft. LWA4WM&), AlatCom L S M O ,
A 1*0. New York, S. \ u OMIftaK
DU3ZAK. Drt, US. APO t ten Kranciflco, CMif.,
FB8a W W \ \ V V ZX (ace text)
FKtfRO, Bog H3? or Box 28, Notsrnna, New Caledonia
G3KKIK/4X, D. Cannolly, ^ U N T W ) Kadio» Box 140,
'l'ibcriu,leranl
K t U T H , T. Hoke (K6QDZ), Box 683, Quito, Ecuador
QST for
H I 8 X E K , \\\ Kec#* T Box 1492, Santo D o m i n g , 0 . R,
H ' U ll>W 1 I I T M 1RGS 6GAF (wo teati
f I D P L , Amateur liadio <'hib, dwl7Hrcunty <ip„ A 111, Nrw
. York, N, V ^ O I W
I T 1 L T O , P.O. Bo* 20, Messina, Bicily, Italy
KCftKJ/KC* (via W A 6 A I I F )
L U t W t i , CU Nro. I'mirto Madryn, Chub., Argentina
I i X I B W (via \ V 4 U N K ; » 3 ' t i « t >
ON4TJ. A . Thys, At BroufffanLUuui, DP Pint 9720, Rcltfum
P J « J l l k 9VR (via VJCRONA)
S V 0 W I I , VVO, Now York, N . V., i M t t
T i R P E / r w (via \vAr*GFWj
U A 0 Y T , Radio (stub, Kyayl, Taimu Tuva.
e x - Y A I Z C , J. Wallace W435CC, K K . School, Georgia
Teota, Atlanta, Ua., HiMM
Y T I B C D (via WA2DW1S; n - t*-xt>
Y V 7 E M , Bo* 83, torlamar, l»la Margarita, Yuiuiuria
ZMa l A A T / k lBN/a *PO/c (via ZL2AFZ)
AVtt A B A L , P.O. Box 'Jlinw, Tunisia
AU7AR, Bo* 442, Niamny, Niger (or via FfiACT)
5V4a A l i A P K G E W G F (via UL1HH)
9Q5RII, P.O. B m 7700, KiDsiiasa, it. (!.
\X0LD ( v i a Z L M F Z ' i PJ9JT (to W l B I H j
C T 2 A K (via VK7BWCI) PJ0UX (via WSAZU)
C T 2 A W (via KyKCi V) SV#WI (via W A M I U P )
KL#G/mm (via 1JJ7I41) V M S ! (via T I 2 C M F )
F » M H / p (via WB8ABN) V P 2 M U (via V K 2 Y U )
F G 7 T D (via VVB8A B N > VQ3GFB «to VQ8C Fl
GD3PBD (via W3CUIK1 VQACW (to VQ&AO)
G M A A M S (via K 7 & P M ) WBflCJKL/mm (via WB8CKH)
I I R 0 X F W (via n i j 9 0 X ) XWHCR (via W 2 C T N )
JIM4FA (via W 2 M B U ) Y N t B W (via D L 8 D F )
H P 1 X G L (via KlZiVhji ZG4RS (via CARH)
J D I Y A A (via JAJtL) Z P T A N (via W2WUC)
R P 4 B I 7 H R 1 (via A C T ) Z K I A J t v i a KM WHAT)
K.Z5EE (via K L Z M Q j Z S I A N T (via ZS20B)
L A 1 H (via W2G1IK> JC1QQ (via VULXjMi
MP4QBK. (sep text) et-3VHA(3 (via JWtttlOF)
O J 0 M R (via f ) H 2 N B ) 9J2RQ (see- teat)
O N 6 A F i via ON4TJ> 9L1RP (via GWSAK)
ON8CT (via W2G11K)
For these hints we thank Ws iriWX L'LIKAl 4 N E N
4YOK ftBZK bJVG HhKB 7 Y T N ttKZO HOY BKY, Kh
41KU< «HHN, WAm l F t f U 2BNJ P55CP, WBs 4KPJ WOK,
GdLrPT. K.1161IAM, VS5K1HL, Columbus Amateur Radio
Association CAkAv.op* iVVStfCQl, DARU'a DX-MB
! l > W R K h OA" ((!. Wat to, Belimore hi.,
Norwich, Nor, 72 *I\ KnulaadJ. Kar JCtutt Aiisciliary Karlio
I ^ w n c ( M ) New* ( K A 2 L L ) , Florida J>X Club DX ttepvrt
;W4FttU) t Intornational Short VVav* L k ^ u h
(A- Miller, Warciwanl in,, M\y <Jak, HirminKlifttn
Knalitad^ Japan D X Radio Club Hulletin (JA3UI), Long
Inland O X . W c i a t i o i i OX Bulletin i W 2 G K Z ) t Newark
News Radio Club Bvi^etta Hojon, 3832 M m l i a l l ou,
Bell wood» £]!., tfOtUM, North I n t e r n 1>X AwkKuation I>\
BuLlsltn ( K 1 1 M D , North^-ra California O X Club f*Xer
(Box 008r Menlo Park, C'alif., U402SI, houthera Califoraia
O X Club Bulletin ( W A W i L D ^ , UBA'h On ihe Air (ONi
4AL> 6VAi, Utah 1JX Aimooiation HuiUUn JKIDtiltf,
VMttON'ri DXprts* (PAjte F X IjOU 1H> VDV WWP1 and
Wrot C W l OXBulUtin ( W A 6 A U D ) . Thanks, indeed!
Whence:
E UROPE 1%K (l^landj invltm your tHtrfcicipation in
its ividc^iuiy 11)70 KP D X an fflMhrmiuh-IO-
meter affair ooourrific l.'M0-2400 G M T on the fith of next
month. Transmit the uu»toraary H H I W l , KH1V02, uta^
ftHriale to HP {}>Y/Afltabionj*whn tvili respond uith tt&Vn
piuit tw«^letti*r powiat (pruvinoel indtnahirM Mich b* 46U0P,
H6SW A, For 5nal »corc multiply your worked band-
Btatian* by three, then by tlu- numbvr of dilTcrent powiata
acfluxxiulatod, Multiopfiratur and ninftl»^>an<i cuieK(iri<« ao-
availablnt T«i ba oligiblp for pouaibif* fortification of iicr-
formanceyoiir loK»ba"d-«oi£rcRa^'(|d and including thv iwual
Aliened diAclaxmer of rules and rcga viulationn plus summary
bheet. must bo postmarked on or btfforr M a y X( iy7fl, to
Contort Mauager, TOK, KG. Box itti0, Waruaw 1. Rmulbi
ut thp bnnUiDa I W HP TflHt nhnw U.M. radiotelegraphw
hnwbin«in thisordnr: W A ] D J G ( Wa 1KSC SVHK, WA0KD1,
Wa 4W8K aCiVW. K 5 Y A A , WAfti VJN K P G , W i 4 K M S
81BX/2 dGN 1JT, K 8 N M O , VVPOWM, WA2BHJ and
V V ^ K i , Up north VK1AK, VO)HT acui VH2IT/ v o n .
p J h o p H and a h n w i . OTHI-r country topp^rn are 1>J2TtG,
O M 3 T P A , EP2BQ, \?2V0t CSJ10HF, JAJPTO, LA3LC\
JjU4IOCOt L7AKZt OOSLX, O ^ A X , OHKMM. UK^BPK,
ON8RA, OS14HW, PA0VB, PV2ACT. MMHldWB, T W H .
UAa tmiK IK!2(>C.\ Hl>nA8, r.iJSAB,
IJI.7c:c«( lipariT. trQSIU UR^Qi, ITWOWL, Y 0 6 A W R
and YU4TGB. all niogle^ou ritatistica, i^n tlic home iwonn
SPa I K C X 2AVJi UA1J 4UCH AXA tfHFK 7AKZ 8KBZ
and tfAi nftli arpa kin«pina , . . . , . . YKRON'a annual
rsw/phone Outoli O X test ooraetj off on the ^5th-2bth of
next month, and U A R C fflinon ita 1U70 R # PTY O X iV>ntmt
on tbo aantr wepk «nd. W e l l brief you further urxt QST,
Jn land's U m P A ' * ? Hfomp PA0r LOU B R M « N G
A A C A B M CiRF JR VB T A and L V iinKsbed tn Uiat
dctiuence on thr: borne front. I J. 8. A . ohtrics (rt «enrincordor:
March 1970
Wr » B V X 4 K Y B 1FJ5 SVHK-9KXK 4.1LTK UJ/KJ KUXK
6I?(!H 4lVKK-tiIHQ WPFF and KtfNAfG. VOIAIV. VVm
l A K and I!IL did Canada's ouc-twu-thrn\ Other liwiera
Uy country include CR7(/«, O J I X C , K V i K l , K2PO,
G;iK8K t UM3KLA, 11ANIJK, I1BHUA. ILLyKQ. JA3AVO
L A I O A , M n K B , U 3 K K K . O f l z M K . (>K2QX, PJUVUl
HM»KWB, BP6A81>, T V 3 M , UAa a K A O (IRJSKVF!
VC20C, UJ8AB. 0 L 7 K A A . UP2(!T, IKJ3IKGR, UR2FU.
Y U 2 F V W , Z8UAJ8 and HllIBL " I ' m plitnntn«
MVi-ral trips tn ran*, lucationn in Wurope and tho MndjbiT-
r»iii«n w m , " ivurna OL4VA VWA4WMH). " I M like to
b«?ar from U.K. l>Xcrv giving t.hnir opinionM cif the five rart?«t
prefixes in JescRudinn oM^r, Mump ii^oled underlined.
SVhcn plmui aiv cumplotrd itineranim will be stmt to rach
rwpondrr. No'l.l' prefixes, plcaar.lp G u y o i i ohu atartoff
svlth Albania, Uuxh . ^ . ^ , M Ten or tuurn < »tftlwart»
will put GDftUW back inaetinn on Khe l7thof this montlt on
100 through vbf. Thin annual D X happeniutf by (Jarabn<iKC
V. Wimlcw Society will head lor a bill near P<»rt St. Mary
with an FL/FR-5(X), (inuar «nd other undjcet.Ty Zip
to G3VUO for xiUq on th^ Maytlowcr Awarii. and to
«i»ABM for data m W A B (Worked AU Britainj /
OH2BU and associates numaaod eight or nine kiloQSOs
from Market reef aa OJH&1R,
S I A — Lebanese Amateur Radio Awfnciatinn'K OOftBZ
A L ileai^nate&i W A 2 U K - . K'KIRKIi, i l B ^ A K J , HK&AZA
ami VK2AHZ an uoutincntiil wrnners of H A L ' » O o t o ^ r
OX tP»L Othpr highM uh' country; C R » oI,X 7IZ, CT1BH*
J J J 4 P T - D L 7 P K , RA4CRP F5FY, CRjfiAGA. G M 3 P I P ,
f f A f t F A t ITV3SJ, I l i l X I I # K!-ac;iiM I«A7TFT, L Z l K A A l
OKttTT, OH2B11U, OKAia KK-QR, ON&MG. 0 Z 4 l A r
PAflPILK.HMffAJir 3SS0BZKI, UA4PZ. U R 2 0 V , Vi>»AKB!
YU4J1A and Wl(?U w X i L ^ L forwarda a
Waabinxton l*o<tl clipping nbout Miyukl Niwa, Japan'a
yoim^eat ham, who her oxam a t the &cc uf eight.
Nob aim- of hpr n^ll (newspapuni rarely bother with nuch
unimportant facts) but a photo shown hpr operating
J.AjiGZV " H M 4 F A probably willleave Korea next
Month," IhsuicsK VVSMBI.F, Chona QflL whip
WA1FHU ftruU cx-Oltf PC now behind the luy at PY2UCX
Asian oddmonts via aforementioned e-luba and
ifroupa: Society of Thai AvnaiiMtr Radio ia led by proaident
K£jlCB,v.p.ll^AL,andf<ee.-trea9.HS3DR. . . . KRONR
not^ra Army retirement in the midwest, of all place*. . - .
KAURC ( W A 4 F L R ) aims at a spring or eummer Mareua
maneuver. , . , VVIBPJU'K Indiau Ocean OXpeditionwy
uitciwivu may be u^tonded to include AC-land, offbeat
Frpxich-atli bated area* ami other 13 X desiderata,
C E A N I A — " M y utation will consist basically of a
O Swan 400," writes AXtfLU, undortakina a yrw'«t a ^
^itfnment on Maot^uarir inland with the Australian National
Antarctic KKpeditinn, " O i w nf my main off-duty aims is
In fnstpr amateur radio activities from there and to provide
opportunity for fellow liama Utroughout the world tn work
a reasonably rare D X cuuntrv. With introduction of
W lA's Cook Bicmtrxjary A^-ard 1 euvisngn a heavy demand
for t£«J*p" llHroldKisns ttJ<3KV wh<<n back home and ia ex-
VR2ECi _ " D a r i n * a five-hour cw-phoue Q&O with
KJtiBZ 1 learned tlint Johnston lada are Htarvinx for
fuminiuf voices/1 cummc-nta WftLFB. N o fair with pilo-up
hears that Kite F M E aad F M F uppear arutuid 21,955 k U *
at UCUUMJiao O M T iu tfMHs FMW and FMK, also that
X K I A J pops up on thp 14t296-kils PacNet spot Tuesdays
and l»"ri<iays at 0600 G M T or so.
E R E A B O U T S — 1 1 F G 7 T D looks for Wyoming to
H o m p l e t c WAB/1 WB8ABN, "with a K W M 4
v i d vertical aroutui 21,280-21,340-klJ* sideband at 1400<
1000 and 2000-2200 G M T , Jack4 a Catholic priest, expect*
to bo un Cuftdefoupft indelinitrdy/1 WA2irOZ
Homes* through v/ith a pr^iiction for thn »upor«nvpnti<« as
rrvTuestnd: t r l thiuk ham raiiio will become more automated
but a growing group of liams wtU ahy away from such frills
aod i{o to simple wiuipment as more ohallco^inff/'. _ . ^ 4 ^
XIla 1J 1KK aud 3KB rattlod oHf a coitpiu nf X F 4 kilocon-
tants on 10 through W) at ywr'a ^n'l ^ K6QHB
would like to get Hfitncthlng: goinft on Bajo Nuavo, Scrrana
bank or what have you. Grab ya? * LU1DAB
dabbles with balloon-supported sk^'hooks uti lower fiB-
OXCc! frcciUGncieti . _ . _ ( - Arkansas huutera will fiml
W A5BCM i amenable on III. , , . „ \VB4155U and colleagues
mull ovrr July Z F l OXpinlitionary possibilities .
5B-DXCC enthusiast WA1FHU c h u c k l e " C a i n « out uf
an MO-mcter KL^BE with RKT 33U, Wonder how
thftothftii wore, doinnl (iaci is among theinnrtwinff number
of O X duueers who now need but a handful of SJ^MHs
Q S U to clinch tho feat and delupd VV1UW A Co. with
hravy stacfm nf 500s, By the way, tnp natumwidn VVV rasp
lowing up tho Ic*w rdg* nf 80 in a OX-limitina factor for
many AB-OXCC hunters, especially those in metropolitan
regions. That's a 223rd harmonic — from mtivera yet. How
many lunatcur transmitters cuxild act away with such
ougin*?ring or Jack thereof?
81
 GEORGE HART, W1NJM

ELLEN WHITE, W1YYM,

Deputy Gamnu. Ugr.
Adminiiiro tiqnThlLUAN M. SALTER, V71ZJE
DZCC: ROBERT L. WHITE, W1CW Training Aid* GERALD PINARD
Ctmtntms ALBERT ML NOONE, WAIKQM Public BmrricWILLIAM a REIG&ERT, WA9HHH

The OBS Program. The Official Bulletin Station
appointment goes back a long way. ill the May,
1923, issue of QST, the first announcement of this
appointment appeared. They were called "Official
A R R L Amateur Broadcasting Stations" (hen, later
became "Official Broadcasting Stations1* and still
later, as FCC qut a ban ott amateur "broadcasting,"
the name was changed to Official Bulletin Stations.
The idea then, as now, was to supply a certain
group of appointees, who would agree to transmit
it on a regular schedule, with a weekly "broadcast"
of news of interest to all amateurs. For many
years, the OBS schedules were announced each
month in the "Operating Department" uf(W7\ fn
I92K, when the League's first headquarters station
( I M K ) was established in Hartford, it transmitted
these same bulletins and became the Leading OBS.
VV1 AW took over this role in 1937 and today the
"Official Bulletins" are copied from WlAW more
than all the 400-odd OBS appointees put together.
Little change has been made m the OBS program
in the past several decades. Little change, that is
except for one thin«. The program has become
more and more u mail program and less and less ail
on-the-air program as it was intended to be. Many
OBS appointees do not transmit the bulletins at all
- or if they do, they don't report their schedules
to the SCM and through him to headquarters as
required. Meanwhile, the demand for additions to
the mailing list for the weekly Official Bulletins
1 usually mailed on postcards) has increased. First a
few a4complimentaries" were added, then affiliated
clubs were added, then various amateuT bulletin
editors and many others at their request. Today,
the Official Bulletin is mailed to about 2200, or
abojit four times the number of OBS appointees.
At five cents a throw 52 times a year, this mounts
up to a lot of lettuce, considering it is information
anyone can get quicker just hy taking the trouble
to copy it from WlAW, who puts it on the air
within hours after it is released. The more enter-
prising OBSs could also do so hy copying W l A W
and then repeating, instead of waiting for their
mail copies to arrive. Clubs could detail one of
their members to copy WlAW or a relaying OBS
the night of or the night before the meeting.
We are amateur communicators, or supposed to
be. When you come right down to it, why is it
necessary to have a mailing at all? Give us three
guod reasuns why it should not be discontinued;
OBS should be required to copy WlAW and repeat
the bulletins others to get the information from
listening on the air, as the program was originally
intended. Hw?
Why Doesn't W l A W Listen Pint? This is a
question we arc being asked with increasing freq-
uency. It Is a puint of common courtesy among
amajfur operators (not to mention a connection
with the "wilful or malicious interference'* clause
of the regulations) to listen first before transmit-
ting on any frequency, to determine whether or
not the frequency is in use. Even if nothing is
heard, it is considered good practice to inquire, in
case someone is listening to a signal you cannot
hear, But, the complaints complain, here comes
W l A W barging onto the frequency with its bull-

OPERATING EVENTS (Dates (n <MT)

ARRL-fARU^SGM-Affiliated Club-Operatin A Events
March April May
S Qualifying. Run, W&OWP 4-A Florida QSO Party, p. 118 7 Qualifying Run. W*OWP
7-3 UX petition phoQ<\ New Mexico QriO Party, p. 114 fl FSrquuncy M pasurinjc Tent
p, tii I'cc. HP ]>X Contest, p. 81 12 Qualifying Run, WlAW
13 Qualifying Run, WlAW 8 Qualifying Run, W60WP 16 -17 Michigan QSO Party
14-15 Virginia QSO Party, p. 112 11 Qualifying Run, WlAW
1 Wyoming QSO Party, p, I (6 11-1* forty*cw+
18-ltt CO Party, phone
•Jl-W HKComprtMHon cw> 25-26 Arizona QSO Party June 13-14 VHK QSO Party
p. 62 1 VVAE RTTV 1>X Field Day
LM W1tilA if tali (Mr PAOC Contort
Trtt, U- W
* r^naffiio official* and appointee*,
LH Morning Qualifying Run, only.
WlAW
i!S-Apr. ltt r \RC n\~ f W m r . i
phono, p. 7H Jan,
i
Note; Possible WtfOWP Qualifying linn "alternate" («amn *chMnl+) lit W'AZUJ.

8 2 QST for
etins or code practice without so much as a " b y
your leave/* Why don't we practice what we
preach?
On the surfacc, the complaints appear to be well
founded. The fact is, however, that it is not
practical for W1AW to follow this procedure,
mostly because the bulletins and code practice arc
transmitted simultaneously on eight different fre-
quencies. This has been the procedure for lo these
many years, and seldom if ever have complaints
been received up until fairly recently - perhaps
because the situation of WlAW is understood by
most of the fraternity to be somewhat exceptional
as compared with the average amateur station.
The W l A W transmissions arc scheduled far in
advance, announced in QST, and copied by thou-
sands of amateur stations every day. They are
made as a service to the entire fraternity, on
crystal-controlled frequencies in the least-crowded
part of each band to enable listeners to find the
signal with a minimum of difficulty. Most of the
complaints arc about the voice bulletins, which
seldom last more than five or ten minutes. Can you
bear with us?
Standardized Section Abbreviations* We are hav-
ing to give up kc. and Mc. in favor of kHz and
MHz* su perhaps we should start getting used to
new postoffice-devised two-letter abbreviations for
states. Particularly in fast-exchange contests, it
saves time for the demon contester to use them.
When someone shoots a CO at you, for example,
do you know what it means? Nope, not Connect-
icut, it's Colorado. Connecticut is CT. NB doesn't
stand for New Brunswick (Canada), it's Nebraska.
New Brunswick is in the Maritime* Section (MR).
No. 1 W4QCW
N o . 2 DL7AA
No. 3 W1EVT
Now 4 W 8 G Z
No. 5 W8BT
No, 6 W 4 I C
No. 7 W I A X
No, 8 W4BRB
N o . 9 K2BZT
Now 1 0 L A 7 Y
No. ] 1 W 4 A Q W
5BDXCC NEWS
It will take a little getting used to, and many
diehards will cling to the uid abbreviations (we
hate to give up Kans., 111., Conn., Wash., Term.,
eta), but use of authorized postofllce abbrevia-
tions for state-sections is now permitted in A R R L
contests with section multipliers or with sections in
the exchanges. However, there are 33 sections
which fall into either the VE province category or
states with more than une secti&n. How about
them?
The two-letter abbreviations shown in the ac-
companying chart (bold face) are "coined" to
coincide with the two-letter state abbreviations.
Some may seem "naturals" to contester* while
others are as close as we can came without
duplicating standard state abbreviations.
Like the idea? Any better suggestions for the
coined condensations? Or should we stick with the
same "oldies" we have been using all these years?
- W1NJM.

MULTIPLIER CHECKOFF LIST -

First column indicates currently used section abbreviations while the

second column fists, proposed two-letter multipIicr-secHon designations.

7 2 3 4 5

Conn CT KNY FN EPa . EP Ala AL Ark AR

EMass EM NLI NL Del DE EFla EF la LA
Me ME NNJ NJ MIX! MD C, A GA Miss MS
NH NH SNJ SJ Wb»a WP Ky KY NMex NM
RJ RI WNY WN NC NC NTex NT
VT VT sc SC Okla OK
VVMJW* WM Tenn TN STex ST
VA VA C t Z. CZ
WFta WF
WJ. ws

6 7 8 9 0 VE

fcBay EB Ariz AZ Mich MI III IL Colo CO Mar MR

LA LO Ida ID Ohio OH Ind IN Iowa IA Que ou
Org OG Mont MT WVa WV Wise Wl Kans KS Ont ON
SBar SB Nev NV Minn MN Man MB
SCV SA Oreg OR Mo MO Sask SK
SDgo SO Utah UT Nebr NB Alta AT
SK SF Wash WA NDak NO BC BC
SJV SJ Wyo WY SOak SL> VF.8 NW
sv sv KL7 AK
KH6 HI

March 1970 83
 DXCC Notes ment atfekftni, Kaoh month the AttKL Activities Calendar
note* the 'iiialUyinff ruu datea for WlAW and VT60WP
Annouamnent hereby made of th? addition to th* WOftKJ, altnrnatr) for the «omyngtt-monthperiod.
\RKL Countries List of MnrM, Markot is &u inland Incited
exactly on the boundary Jin* hptumau Kin land and ttwub-n
and directly oppwitR th* Aland Islands.tfpparatocountry WlAW willsiznultacuwusly transmit a qualifying nm on
rit-atus for Market i« iu accordance with I'mnt d of the 1.&U0 3,A2 7.02 11.02 21.02 28.02 50.02 aud 14*0 Mils,
criteria un* pane 88, Wlrnasy l«rt» yxV), Operation has at 0230 GMT March 13. (In converting 0230 OUT
taken |dace fnjm Markrt iiuder the call mgn OJtJMit> March 13 becomca 3130 EST Mareb 12.)
ConfinnaHon* for contacts with Market may he sub-
mitted farl>XCC rmfitii starting March 1T 1W70. Confirma-WlAW will transmit a <jtia]jfymtf ruu uu alt listed cw
tions ipibmittpd hftforn March I, W7Df will \*e returns! fmquenci^ at 11UU UMT March «4. \In converting,
without credit, 1400 c.iMT Mar. 24 bcrornu irJUOftJT/0600PHT Mar. 24,)

ARRL CODE PROFICIENCY PROGRAM VV60WP f U'SZRil, alternate) Tn'Jitriuwnut a qualifying; run
on 3590 and 7129 Wis, 0500 itMT March 6. (In convert-
Qualifying Buns ing, 0500 GMT March 5 hr^ium 210U IOT March 4,)
.\jlv person ran apply for an AHttL code pcohcicncy
award. Neither IiPagw rnrmbcrvbip nor an amateur II'opqsr Code Practice
\h rrriuircd. Prnd Knpjm of all qualifying run* to ARRL for
grading, wtaHnjr the call of the station vuu copied. If you WlAW transmits daily code practice according to the
'jualdy at uno of the i»ix speed* transmitted (10-95 wpm) fnitowinir schedule. praotlco purposes, th* order uf
v w i l l rrccivr a uertiticat?. If your initial qualification in -,\urd» in vtudi line loay be reversed during the »pm
tor a npmd below dft wpm, yon may try later for ondnmr- transmission*, i.Eaoh tape carries a checking referenced

l/) D a r C E N T U R Y C L V B A W A R D S Q

Prom Dwemhcrl, throngh DcmnfaerAh IflflO, DXCC wrtifimtes based on iwritucts with
I (i.fcon-mont countries hate been issued by the ARRL Headquarters tntht*Riatoifr*(i*tcd Mow.

7$u* Tfcemfate
DJICG, ...UAU 9Y4UH 1*3 JA35VK, W'XJSI 102 (V7MX Ml
KtKl* 11W K5LOO ,...1JU VliKW i'Jb l-AMCII K . . . liUi KA4KY. .. „ UKJ
KftUU' JA6 WtMIMII . Lid TUKPA 1115 H'A6LtNA.,. lutf WA0UMA..1H2 K7I1N Uttl
WA2UWU. , 14ft <J<UbC lUV DMIK . .. 1115 VVB4WIW, .lUM KIUCS 101 K3AHM....UHI
WAMJJ V . . . U»6 MIKVV lltf \muc- ,.11* WWUAgT, i#llW hL&KN Jul
K4J'IMr ..129 O K2U1 Ilitf % 4u t J Hf9 HVKKtt mi K0ITXV 1W)
l'Y2DH\ . . . m 4 A 11X . . Iu7 WAAQNV... t05 Vli'iBWti .,l<li{ W«TL'l lul UA^NI.K. ..Kid
IV'pOIJt.. . ,12H WA4MJQ.,.iU7 Vt AbBKN., L(J5 K<aVN/VK4.1inE WA0JAN... UN I
WttUUl kutto 1UB UKifBKC. . ,102 W AW Id V.. Jul VTAMYU...1UU

uilrrcj.,., ,21* LA7QI,... 1WI TXA7AJT .. .110 WA9QZE. ,106 V\ B2VQG. .. 1<K|
JAiAi*;.... .LMa VV1IT,., ..127 UMHHMU, .low WVIYK.,, . aijs \V6Kl'X .. Hits w.%«rner<..iisi
(aBLti, >,,, l Ymb. . ..It* KIU'IW. .. .HrtJ WPOLZ . . (lift VR3Atr|V. .. roc ^YHfcJlK 11111
t.UHK .. . ASH K4flSN WH9VIW.. .1**7 WAtfttKJ, .. ins UYlt lint wrrrn
, 161 l-YVDUV. ..m USIAVH. . •IDA wyrqK.. . .1(14 WA2BHJ,,. 1(X)
ktflTI., , , .<4I> TX2UU... ... . LUIS VKI»H.. WA9XHH..100
\\A2t>\\H.

tU
Kn>lirvmPnMH«riml for rnnfirm-UifmMitftMjjteil from Dr?pmW lp mft9 through DeceMiliur il, IU6U aw listed below. KmJorsemfnt
IrKtinRnfnim^n 12U ^rotuch tbe^tOlftVwUre riv^ii tn inmin^nti of 21^from iAU throiigii ^IW mtncromcnUof 10 and above 300 in
HjummratM of 5. The totslsshoiru do imt mcrwrily th* punt umhts xivcu hut only that th+ t^tiripant haarvichcd th
eiidonftmplit group iiuheatwi.
us VV10U8 £ L1A.IU 250 LAlH OH2QQ tt R4KW1 Kmiio WHlHX
VV8HT1 K^UDK SM7TQ WIAA OHflNH 120
320 300 270 ft AsiiUI' VV2AU \\3Citli WflCKi VBiDCW KUIJX
J'YlHX
WlVVQC KJOZR W80MK W7t!RT W4HHN iVflTPA YtiHPN KjPZU
YVBBX K4AUU WAJDVIli KflfK
no W6KKT W'&ALH 240 200 \YU7iY 1G0 W41IHI KHZMZ
SM5BPK tt 0P1> WXHTU I'RTBl4 DUliM DJlQT VV6EIF WAICXJW
U'2Y<nv WflbTH W4RKK VK2Ulv Df-yTJ ISO DKlllP WHWA W8UT
VVA31KK rWKi; DL7MU Ks-AHU IVA9TBA WB4JNK
W4VA18 YU2NEO K4TTA KtHiAK KSHMI WIWKWT
H2KYT 2G0 220 KrtKM vnczn K4D8N 140 tfwau
KlYYIi 0KIUT Raasv K4KTA KKTYO WB2IUJP KoAJ DL4QP U'ORUB

RtuUoteU
ft'tliTft YK7AIJD (i4JW ZS1DU 160 W7EUI tt'UPAN
f-iMU VV4PJC1 250 URt1 Dli3VX VVASNJH
ttfiABY U'fttitiR" IlYkK UAamo- VKiiWq 180 U DAB I1BER 120
W4BR8 WA31KK WlAA K4HKP K1UXIT K7AXP F5XA
VV4f« 240 bftHDY tt'aPBJ K4TTA K2DDK VB7KH KnTK
\\ IUJS Kmzk VYAEDX VE4BJ WSBV W^UUR SM5AWD
WlWQf? 270 220 200 ttHPKT WTt'RT W38H WA3GTX W4AV
VV4VMS K07XL K4RTA DJ^CK WGHRV W7KKM \14UHK W5C1Y VB40TC

84 O S r for
 Speeds Local timea/days G M T times/days
t0,13,15 7*30 t.u. JKST daily <mo daily BRASS POUNDERS LEAGUE
4^50 P.M. POT Winners oJ BPL Uertlflcate Cor December Traffic;
S . 7 H . 10, P r » . EST 1 BnTTh 0230 MVVKSn Call uriff. RtctL uel. Total
20,25 (5:30 p.*. P S T J Sat W9CUL VUB 4IU7 »7«4 391 91W0
M
* 9;OOAja, K 8 T M W F 1400 M W F
Kft&l'i
\VA0OX£
5M&D
310
t653
1077
1433
lUltf
2KJ £I|I5
L4I0 44U»
W7BA 7 897 *4tf 521 1806
KlKJHK 1W 786 779 35 1767
85,30,25, 9-^0 EST M W F 0230 T T h S a t WJUEBAN 9 879 M* 2 1753
20, 15 ; 6^0P.M. P 3 T K.5TEV I 863 U 1726
W3VEt 161 8T2 6U4 63 15SII
#
; U^UAjf. BUTTTh 1400 T T h KLBCtf 1(190 159 5* 71 1*7$
1400 T T h KSBNti 7 701 639 12 1359
QKX)AvU* PtiT WAtfP&Z 290 578 476 8 1347
WgTiCX- 29 696 581 27 1333
WUgY 53 5BT 4» 97 1*38
The 0230 G M T practice is omitted four times a year or WW YO 568 SIM V78 13 1160
designated nights when Frequency Measuring T w t i are W31CM L 74 667 439 3 11188
W7DUL 8 541 4911 7 1U46
made in this period. T o |>ermi t improving your list Uy send- \F9JBQ 73 498 419 34 1017
ing in gtep with WtA W (but not over the *ir!>, aud to allow W6VNU 23 4KA 496 3 L0U6
checking the accuracy uf your copy on curtain tapes, note WMirPH 8 480 413 63 963
W A.4V2Z 16 4A4 441 6 926
the Q M T dates and texts to sent in the USSli O M T WA8F2T& 48 431 427 ZH 996
practice on the foLlowinjc dates: WA8WZF 13 464 420 19 906
K9FZX.* 7 460 446 1 904
Date Subject of practice t«xt From January Q&T. W MHCK, 174 442 399 10 875
W6H011 4 389 393 II 786
Mar. 11: It Swms to Us, p. ft W'IPKX HQ 396 320 30 78!
Max. it*: Ktohtd-Circuil ifonnfe, p. XI K3UAT 35 392 300 60 777
Mar. A Coaxial Band Chmtkxr, p. W K3NSN
VVIOJM
140
s
*10
366
300
366
10
<>
760
738
Mar. 31: Tachnitiil Qamvponriew** p. 42 \V20F, 160 319 226 J1 10*
Date Hubject of practice test, from V mIct*Xw(Hhu W6MLK 185 857 357 6 704
W4HUQ 36 291 283 t3 6^2
Amateur Hadw* Firnt Kdition WASHMO A3 269 214 61 697
Apr. 3: MaitiTig a Joint, p, 121 VV3MlaX 192 246 129 26 692
Apr. 3: Taking Care a/ Tool*, p, 12« W1BJG
K81jNK
16
61
Wtt
280
261
239
22
11
691
691
W9CX V 10 293 283 6 681
WB6BBU 11 283 288 8 686
K7NHL 23 288 204 66 68t
K9IVG 9 309 268 4 580
HIGH SPEED CODE TEST WA3I.rU 44 269 268 7 578
\\ \71FS 14 282 24* 34 678
(Mar. 23, 1970) U'ALJTM 47 268 243 16 674
K7KUZ 37 270 262 14 £73
The twenty-third running of the tieim-annual WAl BY V 65 262 204 60 671
Cimtiocticut Wireless Assn. hfnb speed code taut 17 282 260 10 669
will take place on Mareh 23, 1970, with call-up WSKEt 14 291 268 4 667
W6LRU 10 272 246 27 664
beginning ab 011ft ( r M T . Anyone who whites 1o K2K1X* 132 212 174 30 648
have a try lit ituali/ying for a certificate at upeeiJs W7KZ Ifi 263 262 8 638
WA31YH 17 261 220 36 633
exceeding H5 w,|i,m. is invited t.o ropy. K9A VU 104 162 231 24 621
Fivn five-minute transmission!) artr made, one W2MTA 14 27K 213 2 606
each at ti)» W), 55 and HU W-p.m. iS»> volunteer WA7KOB JT7 346 211 12 606
WA2UAL 33 243 196 31 603
vtatioDs will be transmitting on nine frnqueueieft, all l^ite Report:
using the same master tape, Hern in the chronology WX6PVV {NOV.).., .412 1634 850 784 3680
of the transmission: K0ONK (NovJ 172 767 734 39 1713
OJIS GMT: Call-up begins. This is For the pur- Mora-Thon-Ona Operator Station
pose of locating the best signal by those who wish WA3UR 236 172 166 17 580
to copy. See below for Frequencies* HVL for loo or more oriainaiUms-jrtiu deiioeries
WB41CP 4410 WSJTU 141 W70C.-X 109
rt/^K^lfr: Important instructions begin. All who WA3IHV261 WB4HFV L39 K3ZNP 107
intend participating fthould copy these carefully. W2TITK \Y\811BT 138 WB4UJV 107
The* transmission oi Instructions will last approxi- WA9VXA213 WA9QOQ 133 WA2DRK 103
W7AXT Mtti W7bJM 130 SVA3MKU103
mately 1J5 nunutat, WA6BVZ lyt W4HA-2 129 W9EQO 1(18
01&> QMT; 40 n-.p.zn* utartn. Vou tiualify if you W A M B IfU K2UBO 128 \¥0J1LP 103
W9KBJ 177 W8RKK 127 WAjfiGTK 102
copy one minute tvtvmtulMy Wirf of the Five WflTN" 176 WA4JT1 121 WA1HOL 101
minute transmission. Spew! is nomitutl; that is, it KKZJd 174 WBASSVrilA K0I'X*)1> 101
may not be exactly on the hose at 40.00U w.p.m, VV IIIPM 171 KHOBZ^UA WA3EEU 1U0
WfiBiHl 164 WA2PBE 1L4
0*10, 0**0, ust.iu UMT: Tranamifeions at WA6UrL 163 WAXVMl 1U Uite tteportu:
•15, 50, 55 and tit) w.p.m* respectively, beg inning ou WAflMNK 146 WHK7T 109 WA3HBT (Nov.) 110
VVAOVAtf 146 SVA6U1L (Nov.) 1<J2
the second. All six station* Byitcfironifcv their utarts,
all use copy oF same tat**. Copters are nut ppnaLixed
Fur transmission errors. 316 K2l>Edb 1361 K20QJ 118
GMT: Sijni-off. B P L Med sill ons ISPS July, JUiw p. 99> bAve
Keen awsrded to the following amateurs rdnre last
The following station* willl >e transmitting on the mouths URUeum: WA6PPK. \V.\QOKUt IV7AXT*
above schedule at the times indicated: W9UfciM. W A W A S
TheBPhl«oppti to sit anisteuni tn the United Htate^.
Osoada and U.B. Possesdoos who report to their HUM
CM /iAni/lAA Ffstfifctttttnt ii tmewuffo tuts! of 60(1 or ft aum origination and df-liverr
points uf loo or more for any calendar montb. All
(appro*.) oumimcwi must he handlefl on amateur frequence?
W1 H i A Newington, Cuun. KBS7/7120 within 48 hours of receipt in standard A K K L form.
(HimultaneouaJ
WBftQTH Arlington, Va.
(simultaneous)
W5QMJ Enid* Okla.
K6DVK Monterey* Calif. iitwo HEADQUARTERS VISITS
W6KOT Lakeside, Calif. 3ti40/7H5
(simultaneous) T h e IjKanue Headquarters building ib o p e n t o
WW A Kngiewood, Colo. 3653 visitors M o n d a y through F r i d a y , 8:30 t o -i:3U, on
a "drr>p-in M basia, and a t other timet* b y a p p o i n t -
tiuund inter^Htina? lleLitve i t or not, al>out HO ment. T h e headquarter* Jr> on M a i n Btreet (Cnnn.
have qualified at rtO v.p.m. Vou can too. jf you U o u t e 176 and 176-A) a b o u t a inile north uf t h e
work up to it., over \V1KIA every Mondayt (•enter of t o w n , and a b o u t '6 mile* west of Cairn. 15-
Ul'M CJMT, 3D37/7120.
U. B. fl, the W i l b u r C r o w H i g h w a y . i F o r W 1 A W
vtaltixig hourst see t h e schedule on the n e x t p a g e ) .

March 1970 85
 W1AW SCHEDUIE, MARCH 1970
The ARRL Maxim Memorial Station welcomes visitor*, Operating-visiting hours a n Monday through Friday
1 P.K.-I am. UST, tbtunlay 7 iua.-J;U0 13ST and tfunday 3 r.aL-lL:U0 r j c JST. The station address is
Main Street, N owing ton, Conn., about 7 miles aoatu of Uartford. A map showing loaal street detail will be seat upon
request It you wish to operate, yuii moat have your urtainat operators license with you. The station will be closed
March 27, In observance oF Good Friday.
GMT* Sunday Monday Tw$day tfsrfneaddy Friday hotter day
0000 . » I m^ » H T T Y OBfl"'7
01130 CODE PRACTICE D A I L Y 1 10-13-10 wpxn
0100 CW OB81
012U-0130* 3.700* 74)20 3.520 7.150* 7.020
OVSO 3,700* 7,080 3,565 7,150* 7.080
0300 PHONE OBffL- >
U3U5-0M3U* 2MBU A 1.120 145.GOU 1,*20 >
ono * UUDE PR AG riCE D A I L Y ' (35-15 w p m T T h S a t ) , (5-J5 wpra MWFSn)
0330-0 UJ04 3,555 1.805 3.566
0100 KTTYOBa" -<• RTTYOBS"
0110-0130* rt.ftiM U J m 7*095 14.095 3.625
0130 PLIONB OB*", - PUONifi OBS«
01:35-0500* .. 7.U0 3.820 7.220 3^20 7.220
0500 CWOB31 << OW OB81
0530-0530* ;I.7UU* 74)20 3.945 7.150* 3.620
0530*4)600 3.700® 7.080 7,150* 3.556
L100 ^ CODE PRACTICE' (5-35 wpm MWF), (35-15 wpm TTh)-
1800-11)00 2 1 ^ L / 2 8 * iil/28* 31/28* 21/38*
1900-2000 14.25U 7.255 1L280 7.256 14.280
sooo-aioo UM0 *Jl/28» U.Otft in/SH* 7.0»0
3I30-:5330 14.100 14.2811 14.100 14.280 14.100
2330-3330 7.255 tJl/286 2 LI* 7.265
iCWOBti (bulletins, 18 wpm) and the node practice on 1.805,3.52,7.02,1U>2,21.02,28.02p50.02, and 145.6 M i l l .
* Phone OB3 (h-illt=tinn» T.H2, 7.1J2, 14.22,21.27, 28.62, 50.12, and 145.6 MHe.
1 KVTY DBS (bulletin!) d.ffSA, 7.095, 144)95, 21-095 ami 29,015 Mils.
4 Starting tunc approximate. Operating period follows conclusion of bulletin or cod* practice
4 Operation will be unit uf the following frequencies; 21.02,21.08, 21.27,21.41,28.02 or 28,52 Mils.
* W I A W will listen in the NoviceseKcnents for Novices, on the baud indicated, transmitting on the frequency shown.
7 Bulletins lent with 170-Hertx shift, iwpeabd with iWMIerts shift.

Maintenance btaff; Wis QI8 WPR. * Times-days in G M T . Operating frequencies am approximate.

^ S t r f l y s ^
I'lan to include the ftinoLe Wideband 8how in your
activities during the 1BKE convention this year?
It's being held again in 1U70 on Tuesday, March 2i t
frnm noon t.r> M:IH) p.m. in the Penn T u p Uoow,
ytatler-Hilton Hotel. Seventh Ave. at 33rd St, in
tf.Y.C.

Now that AO-5 has been launched, here is a list

ut pertinent information which has appeared in QJdT:
"Anstralis-Omar arrives in CJJ8." Q9Tt July. 1U67 p. 58.

Meet WN8ZCC, fifth Novice to acquire DXCC. Gary's 117
credits (all 21 MHzJ checked our in fine fashion last
October 20. This neat control points Includes a Viking
Challenger and HQ129X. The radiator in Use is a Telrex
TC99D up 50 feet.
In Emergency * . .
M o n i t o r your local emergency
quency.
M a k e contact- with your local E C or l i t ) .
Take immediate steps to follow any pre-
arranged plans.
S t a y off the air unless or until y o u are
m t e you can bo of u»si*tance.
Jn widispread eiTugjpndctf, monitor
W 1 A W f o r latest bulletins and news.
Kmfi-r. "\nUpodal Kuocption of i>*ctr Hlgnals"
Movt!cobcr, m>k p*
Klein and 'lYnan, "AMBAT, the Kadio Amateur Satellite
Curporatron" Q8T, June m9, t>. o4.
HHair aod Hnwanl* "AustraiiMiscar, Its Designr Con-
struction aid Operation^ t&T, July 1UGU, p. 68.
DunLcrLcy, "Australis-Oscar o and YauV OS?* August
m i x p. d0.
BolaJT and Howard, "Obtaining iiata hroin Aiwtralis-
net fre- K>mr 5'1 Q8Tt August VM*t p. 70.
' *Australis-tiscar u Progress H^port" <iSl\ September,
LtHK P- 17.
OanMaon and Gtlck, "Australis^icar G, U'hn^ ItV At'1
QST. Octobwj J(J69« p. 51.
".limtralift-<>*car 5 at WA1IOX1' QxT, Novrmbcr, 1V6U, p.
Kintf> "l^roposed Kxporimonts WiUi AiutraiLs-Oeear fiM
ttfiT. December J96U, flfl.
Click and Ounkcrlev "Austrails-Oscar A, Wbon to Iiistcn"
ftSr, January. 1070, p. 50.

86 QST for
 •TCC

tatio ctivifie
OVS— •43CC

G50 ris. Traffic: <Dec.^ W3CUL QS80f W3VR

W3HMI. 1083, K3NKN 7S0r W3MPX 592, WA3IIIV 373.
•All operating amaleum arc invited to K3MVO W7, WA3KKO 251. \VA3hVK 334, W.VUMK
report- to the SCM on tlie fir*l of each 228, WA3MKQ 188, WA3JKB J82, WA31IUT 171,
VVAaGU K3WEU 140, WA3JZB 143, W.V3PM1 195.
month, covering station activities for the WA3ATIJ 120, K3P1B U». VVAJM1X 1U0, WA2KTK
preceding month. Kadio Club news is m, K30I0 102. WA3GUK fi4, WA3AF! S5, WA3B3V
also dctfircd by SCM* for incluRinn in 75> VV3RK «4, WA3IOB SI, WAHCTL 51, WA3LVC 41,
WW ML 39, \V A31YT1 3S, WSVAP W3BNH 2Sr
these colu vxitib* The addrcsBTri «pf all K3PfcO 23, W.ULMO 20, WZA1Z 18. WSVA
SCM» will be found on page 6, W3CBTT 13, K3K.1CO 15, WSHf'li M, WN3LYC 13,
K3KTH 12, VVilHX tl. WA&UiY 10, W&ADK
K3FOB 9,tt^FPC9, WA3GAP 8, WA3CKAfl,W30Y
6, VV3CL A. VVASrAZ 3, WA3BJQ 2, WSORfL 2, WSBU
ATLANTIC DIVISION h WASHtiX 1, WflKEbL 1, K3RDM I, W3ZRR 1,
(Nov,1 VVA3HBT 134, WPA3GITK 58, WA3JZB 33.
DETAWARE—BOM. John U Penrnd, K3MYG— WaKKK 1. K3RHM 1.
8GC/PAM: W3DKX. RMs W3SEB. Renewals;
VftHDl" Hh OVA; VVA3DUM tuid W3DM0 ** OPS*? MARYLAN1KDTSTRICT OF COMJMBIA—rKM,
K3MP7, mi'I K3HRK ** Olife: WSTttr: -iml WSHKri Juhn Munlioiland, K3LFD—8EC: W3LDD.
as OKSaj W3EJU ax GO uid WASDYQ u» New Castle
KC. WA3KZQ pauaed the General Clas* emmr .V4 Fmi. Tmr iKy* Hrh QTt* OKI Mgr.
VVA3KPR Una work*] thirty-Jive rniintriea, W A3 LIE .Ire.
turned the Advanced Class exam and hae ocanired a MDD xm 1HJ0UZ l^ily W 1DX. K3iVZ/RM
iii-w HW-100. WXfTZ ubo baa a new ilW-lHk W8DE0 MDDS mi 013IW Italy 2H 47 4.0 WWBO/HM
hail a visit from hit son during the holidays, MDCTN 3920 2300Z STTH WA3GXN/PAM
WA311WC niad(> smuttier hospital visit. We nil wish
irrm h quick nrovery. K3KA.I passu] the AdY&jHUsd MEPN 3920 2300Z MWF# 22 SO — K3U(1
CImos exam. K3RBU ia experiencing riff problems OIL MTMTN 14fi.2Wi 02DDJ / T-S |fi fi.A W31FW
v,h>f, \V3Y[» Inst m»t nf his uirfruim farm during The
high winds, If yow don't, rppunniw that new fiat on thp #PTim Bat. ami Ban. lit ISOOZ,
pari of W3KEB it will »til] Ew Cerfrick with a new
i-JpRtronic keyer. K3KYG rpmived thp "Outttturiiliiiff PSMR i-lnimanK <l>ec.): W3TNt, W3K/T, WA3IYH,
Nmntenr of thc V«ir Award" From thp KCIR13. Net WASIHWi KSTjFD. Appointment*: MBZT itH ORB.
reports: DRPN, QNT <4, QTC 1. KCEPN, QN1 33. KmloTWiMeiita: W3JZV OPS aiul PAM. K3JYZ ah
Traffic: WSKEB 75. 1Y3MCX 40. WA3GHM 15. W3TRC KM, WA3C4XM OPH, WA3HTQ ai« OR8, K3QDC
U A3UAV 1IP WA3DUM K3NVV 8, K3NYG iillrt, VV3DFW an KC% WA3DWP Ifa « "4-hHI"
BP1# pivtvire this mnntli with W3T». WA3IYB.
EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA—HOM, Gram* R WA31JR and W3EZT till rinping the ^mg. K3TRZ/3
Van Dyke, Jr., W3HK—HKO: W3IC(\ JIM si W3KML, hp return* the pulled
from
liifr k wit Hi «t hia Frpilerirk QT1I until
UnHe 8amV military crirflrnpuipitt.
IVttli'X. PUIa: K3P30. WASUTiT. V.H.K. PAM: find iioirtetfoik havr reat iuto tlie traffic totals oi
WSFGQ. OO rt»porta were received from KSIINP, tTflffiemnn WA3GUT. \V 3GN «i>T hfiO^v.pm.^rTtficate
K3RDT, YF3KEK. WA3EEC £ OB8 m.nrt* troin from fhp C'onnwtjmjt Wirpfew AN^nrintinn "for (^hriat-
IV3CBH. WASh'MI. WA3ARF. K3R-mT; OVH rnmrt* Bov, timt'» "ear-pfmndinff hraaa," or up«Uie-
fivm WA3IOB, WA3JWL. WftZRR, K3VAX, VVASfAZ, ijnwri BPL( or ?jniuetliin«l WZCDQ exmved a
\VM3LYC\ WA3JZB, WA3BJQ. K3WRU, WKL, (VhtiPHfp -if Merit fmrn AiiliL. WA3h\VT l» the
WA3FML, WA3EBC. BPTm: VV8CIU., WflVR, prnml r»pi»r»t^ni of n npw ETV-100. WA3EOP fvlvimt
W3EMT., K3NBN. W3MPX. WA3EE0. WA31J1V. Mint MHTN ImH ^uch- ORT. Jfo ulsti annuusicea the
W A3A1KQ, WA3PMT, WA3HBT. hirth in Wafiliimcton <nuity of thp Itnhieno \Mf.F.
Amntenr Radio Sorfetv (club station WA3NUL) dedi«
N*t Fny. Operate yVJ QTC kXt/PA ¥ entPd to v.h.f, coutexUm nnd QHP TVittg un 438 'Mr.
CPA 3610 Daily ti:4fl W 431 US3MPJC uffin-r* th« Aiitiefuui Hadio Ajmi, nrp^
fTW Daily Htnop.w, 2X7 LMfi W3MPX W IBfiUO- piVK.: WA37PI). vin.--.prw.: WA3MXG,
fKK RMI) 098 K^Ui M-cj-.-tmutj WASBOP, net mar. W.V3FKD, chief ul
(lien.) 659 074 K3PH0* tlie ftiiinty Himtm^ Tribe in MDC, liin T'HA-CA
EPAEPATN 3917 Daily (t?Q0 p.m. 804 WA' SGLI awanl rroni W2GT for 200ft nmiitiefi n.n1irmrv{ H in
tinow Emcrit 363 ti2 WASGrJ Nit iking for morp on ft meter* uith a TR-106 and a 3L
VHP W 5U.64 Mocu-Fri. 7:«0 p-^l heum oil the ro^f. Retim 1T3MBN hn^t kept Imav in-
VHP (2> 145.36 Mnni-h). 8:00 P.M. WaWiU sidn titfyinar thp f.hai!k iuiH uiitnde ^nwiiiff wood.
KOTN 37W Daily 7^0 p.m. WA31U V W3LIPT liHM h VAWUT VIVM00 nn tlm nir aud it tH-
hand beaut oil the war up. W3MVB's Dec. report
nVe Imve it npw PAM for thp PPN. KSPflO. K3flLG i- frniiiderl ar> mtu-h like "atippf ijo iJn ilppp di that we
hlWtr Ht «rhnnl no K*| trt piek tip the mht VVHI thought mayhp Jm not. ti#•»- ri« for ('hrfatman. bnt he
ih>ne to K$^LG mid anod 1it<>k to K3PSO. The it's jiHt because 1909 thin** were a-ninr wv,
KPAKPATN *tld u swell W> ..f r>penUinff during ihe Trnffir- W A31J It m WA3IYA -VS, W3TW 434. W3FS5T
mrrnt ^now cmni'jrrnnr jn K.Pn. nml surrouruliTi^ areaa. K31jPD lao. war mo itT( ioozk wskpp w,
K3\1XM. WA3IKW WASIFQ. in ef>njunc-timi with WA3HTQ 03. WA3IAVT 60. W3ATQ 45. K3.TYZ 44,
K'rirti BVith, ««-r up * Chrirtuiari htatinu nt the Ahinp- VVA31HW 42, K3KFN 41, W3ZNW 28, WASFSOP 2«(
tr»n MnmoriwI Hnnpital Hmj npnt !S5 nipf«qt^ f^r the •V3FOV 1(1. K3TEZ/3 9P WM8CR fl, K3QDC R.
patients. The meftmifet w sent to WA31IIT, 1V8FGQ WASfjKJ 7.
miuI WA3BTCE hrr rldiv^ry nr relny, WSEMTj Kwt hift
10-mpter antenna hut hna n "paret K3NRK now liaft SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY—£TM, Oharl^ K.
*ome r.f the handicapped helping hhri teach other Trnypr*, \V3YPS5» SKfl: WZLVW. B ^f8: WASKlV.
hitmtrapped I W3MPXfijfeflIn* hern haitrl ren-ivrr fnr WASH f-V, PVATu: WA2UVB. W2ZI. ThefloutEm N «
MAIM with n tilpt K3MVO now ii Mirwl hut -will T«*rwv Action van well iwirem-nteri in the Ort. Cr>
stav aotivo for n while, PS11R waa -T lm iiried thw month Prtitv bv nw\ W2PTT. f\w fi.miPr intli tfi«00-
Uv XHEMX+ WA3JKB, WASPMK \eA3KRC. WA3LAK. inn-32-7 ami th* l^tU-r, with Kfljr,F. with a score or
K3fll(i. AV3MPK. WA3JKB ha« new nn.l 3-meter 7700-48-2^-1. U D i MKfe }IP tiitnrioiif-d that K&ITjF mIrh
i«jnvi-rterx. K3WEU has 1»unehe<! rau in »w Iihiiik. HI nil* n rull nni\iprf<ity SfhMitlp
vefnsvu. WXSATQ Tvportfl Hip PJY7- phone column. W2ZO- the Hub HtatiofnPrinceton. Tn fh*
WN*4NTjA fur thp DVRA.
Net i* doinff real fine. WA3BSV irmlttatMl from PAH. i* liatpfi uifh IC30PF rhipf riftprntnr nod the follow-
uiid tatx flppuinU'ti 2nr| F-r. PtfAI{A WA8JWL h^t in? aftcomplifihment*' 4 7 . 4 3 0 - ; ^VBZAPX
U\+ v.h.f, Hntennu* in the reeont hiprh wind*. W3BKE 24.1WI-121-39-7: WBSSPX H7.1-33-7-I. \VSB\Y waa
siv-nt twft wivLjv in Florida, WNITjYC pa^l flip IWh. ri*» in thp .rim, V.H.F. OonteHK A recent OO appointee
Clow exam onrl ifl awajtintr it^ arrival to ufle his new is W2FBF. Cm K2.VRY is acknowledfEed tor bavin*

March 1970 87
uuide four Bulletin presentation* during the month of under the leadership of VVA3NQE, instructor of
Pee. These bulletin* at*- iiupurtant to tlie fraternity tromra. Congratulations to. WA3JPJ un paasina the
mid it iB hoped that OHH* will tied tlw turn? to make General Clw wim, WN3RXO, ;rhn utU-Jidw Moody
mi mummed number of presentations in the mmina Hible Institute, and WX8NTU£V Cameyic Mellon IT,
month*. 'I'he OlniifWer County Radio Club announces student*, were bonie fnr tlie holiday*. My first reminder;
the election of the fnlknring officer* I'or t.ha year 1970: Check t.he ^xpiratif>n ilate nf yu«r ticket.
WB2WAK, pm,: W2FBF, vic*-pre»,: WA2IOY, rec,
m ; W3AKZ, enrr. SVB2JZX, tre«*; WB2PV1. S'tt tW c^rr:
WB2WKV, WA2VEE. WHSKIU. director*. HKU WPA ana L'fia
WlLVV advise* that. K2PQD, «f Woodbury, ha» been \\'?Y Jt> 141 fti
uppuinted KC fnr Gloucester <Vig| rrptacin? K230U KHSN L!:5 (iff a?
Mimy thanks, George, for your help in the pant ami
hope that vou cantint!«r»ine tine to hpend with us. Tralfic: iIKw.i WA3IPU 578. *&35NP 404. W3KUN
Charlie's niiBtmit i* WB2FJK, a vny Miw and ca- 175, WA3AKH 151, WASJBN ou, K31LCT 0S, WSLOH
pable ham. Traffic: WRIVEJ 125, WHWWG (17, ^ W8GJY 34. KtfJtf 14, K3HMB 14, W3TDO 11,
K2HXB lDOr W20RH W, W2YP8 64, W2PU 83, W«YA 11, WAXEXX 9. WSUHN 4t WMKXO I.
W2BLM 45, W2DNF 35, WR1RFX 16, AV2ZI a vNov, I W2KAT'* 44» WA8BLR 4.
WAUHY 9. W2IU 9, WBftWUB 2. WMAWL 1.
WESTERN NEW YORK—8CM. Richard M. Pitscr- CENTRAL DIVISION
ruse. "KSKTR—W, HTM: Hurly M. EhThardtT ILLLNOIS—SOfkI, Edmund A. Mi-twer, WOPRN-
YWPVI. SEC: W2RUF. PAMa: WhlRHJ. WAsUAL. MKCi: WflRYtJ. HM: VVAtfBUK HA Mas WA9CX3P and
KMs: WJMTA, W2Ht, WlRUV, K2KIR* The wet ion VVABPOl (v.h.fj. ffia»k fuiicify ML'; W9HHG. Nat
net lirtinfit appear* iu the Feh, tvlutun, Cotifcrahdations ivpwrta:
to WB2RHJ and WA®CALt the new MMs hit our
"tf-rtion. Sorry t*i report the vu&frft ui "VVA2FKB, the Re-tf* ffc.
XYL nf VVA2UHX iiiid mother «.( WA2PJJL New 1EN 3940 Sun. 18
tiffiwri uf the Kodak Office Recreation <1nh IbN STCWkc. UUUUZ Daily 2 1 1
KSIDHA, WA2TDP. Lst vic*-pn*,: WB2FPT, HHT5 kc. IMNtf
2nd vint-prw.; K2UBD, H-iy.^mfti WB2RDT, NORM IWI ixritiK Mon^kmL I L &' J
trowtee. Oohn of Rochester area hams participated hi TIL POK ^yiftkr. C245Z Mnvu-Krj, \ 1199
fhe AnnuaT Pemiython. They drove ovtir 2000 miles and M L P UN H 91 5kr« 1 tituz (
collected 140.459 permit* for hoapitaiuud children1* toy* III, KIN IfUMc. 45
tor Christina*, W2KX dally put* «m K mik* his 111. W>K 50.28 Mr:. WIN^ 14
everiw hike, K20XN checked into the W-N.Y. Or.Ukes 3932 kc. 0230Z Duly 114
Kmei*evir(v fSfpt. nil 54 wn»ns nf 1WH. WAXWMT pave Kmrrgcy.
nti fttJichtening talk to KAWNY enncernina 75- Htrd Ml-
meter T>Xini?. Gremlin* having gotten into the Jan. col- W0URY n-fHirts traffie for the Wntb Ke^ioual Net with
umn (my fault) ] hereby vr\n\c« W2M&M lwk to Rome a ikiiiiit nf 4u2. W^ZTK'b new QTH in Mendota
>he havLujr never JefO and nuw W2VPM to the new mi'l he in i>tu(>loyed by iXWt* Knsineering in ita
QTH in Rochester. Sony about that. WRIPRA U obirtrnnifw diviaiAri IVflf^XR, of NormaU is Mmir-
xtaiaylhiK with the 2~meter. f.m. rijr trviuc to pt-t it headinfc « new QSL Guarantee flub, CVmtact bim jf
hnrk nil the H)Tr W2TFP iittendnH the r'nn- ititerFstwt- KflSZT r-puke «si MAltH at the )a«t York
vention, v^here KCAItfl and Wf'^HS »»trhHnKeH K-Hdin (Tub uieetins. New <iHicem uf the Starved Hflrk
K2GXT Ui'k «»n the uir at HIT, KYS eleured 652 Radio Club are XTOSKX, WflPN'Y itod V^tKJLZ, The
with K44 riiPf k*m& m Doe. W A^MDF, in mt-lub'H annual Hamfej^t ha* hem announced for
M<Mintain, in Innkinn for a 2-meter rvt in hia urea hc- June 7 at. the regular 4U rlnb grcunidfl. VVA07LN
tft>Mi 145 and 147 Mc, The QarKape Colteefora ha* vpont h fpw Hayw in the hnK(>ital with h ^ipOfr
mo daily simv 1BW iv it hot it an Nf C !H au«l now meet on broncbi&l pipunmnia. WflQXR ra brin^inf in the tare
3X90 kc, WU2KPC5 return* to vr*\ with a m*w mien uith a T-175 linear uti * iifvterp. W0PVD ia
ki'verr \V2RUT ntoana atiorjt hw new job as » «ecuritv Iniriding n ^H-101. Tbn HifE Thunder Amateur Hadio
ituarrl—niocbt shift. The RAGA ban h anuiKh^haop hum* tlnh Tield ita \mnia1 THnner Meeting Jan, 10 at
fpHt romiriK up jn April, T>aten nnrl VL-Jjaf. have vnii next Belvidere, III. WN9ZXP and WAflnVE are the often*
rrmnth. Meatuvhrte keep the R.U1A nftair in uiirid. it's of the iH*wly-<'ij»mix*d tVmwit Hi^h 8ehoof Amateur
Mav 1ft. ARPBC Honor Rntl t W2UTA, W2PRY, Rarlio CTub. WA&ZYC haa an 11-i4eme)it antenna ou 2
W1R.UF, W2PR, W2QT. FC2K1R, K2KTK uod tiK-ters. The aew offirem of the Roekfoid Amateur
WAaOAT*. HPT-ehi: W9T»K. WJMTA. W2FH :mri Hadto Ami. ki^- WWh, \YA0PXOV WA9VJO, WN9CHU
WA2CAU Traffie: W30K 7(tf. W2fPR BfiT. WMTA JMW, iftul K0SVN, KyQMX ban a rtew HO-tt. tower, a C^L-33
WA2CAL ">08, W2QC 3W. WA2BEX 2S9. K2K1R 232, and an T.4K frs w>rk OX. (irkdrtnto* r«f the Woodal«
VVSKUK 214, K2AKR 202. W2PKB 120. WH2VN1) 1Mt ARC WN9RYA. K"N9RXY. WNBRX8. WN9RHTI
VVBiKMO IQft, WASICTT K2. W1HYM 81, WAXDHrt 72. and WNOCrK. The new r.tReera <4 the tilub include
K2KTK 71, WR2ULT 07. TC2RYII WTftlWM 59, WMhK, K9QNA. WH9HYA. WAvYNR. WN1IKHH aivi
VVH2HHJ W'BWDK 17. IV2RQF 41, W2TUR 53, WSmXK WB9HXX in a ji^ ORS. Kf>KK ' W plana tn
VV2PVI '32, WaPRY W2DRU 17. W.UBD IS, nXpedition tn Wand^ K9TM\ rm*
VVA2A1VK 14- WASAtV 1ft WH2YWR IS WWFP « l\OMTH hi NVvr Nm-iera heard WN9CVX
WB2FHflft.K20P\' W2PNW W2AFR 4. KstDNN a nd WK9CXJ: tM i W Chmmla an- WB0YQJ ami
4. WA20LA 4. WSBUW 2, TWiil trartie 4791; Uaf WAfiYBU: Ad^-ance Cla^ tiemWMri an- WAflZYG,
vpnr 4762^ WMNW ' IC. WBartrn, WMMr and WRsBDP. Tlie
When ton Tfamfest w held F#-b. 15. K9EWU, KflVVrT>
WESTERN" PENNSYLVANIA—Art in^ ^M, Otoi^p and K9DQU mv tiow fully uperational on M.rt Mc,
N. Stonehiirner, WA8AKR—HKC; W8KW, P\Mas wideband frm. and invite iither afatioim to <*heck iu>
WSWPR. KSZNP. RMj: WAJAKJI, WSKUN, New metnher* thr Pa^tjnc U'N'flAPR nml
W3NRM. TVaffir neta: K«RN, 2330 CfMT: WPA, OOflO WS9RWC. an* iewmur QflT-a rrom Woneer CJtv ou 40-
t?MT aw ki\; WPP. naonz ma kr, Kmithilla Karho inf^ter e-w, K9AVQ ia the only HPFi reripient thie month.
Huh announce? new oflfirera are KSRIIU, pre*.; W3YCT), Traffic: fHeej K9AVQ /fcl, WA9WNH 44ft. W9NXO
vi^nres.: K3QKP. set-v.-treat.: WNSKXO, i«'t. knirr. 327. VVA9V7P 161. WA9RTB W9JXV 147, WtLN'Q
\V9UY1) report* that he will wmd eode nrnrtice «n WUHciT WAMPH to W0|iriQ M. K9KAM AO,
2 meters Man. und Thurs. ni^lita Iwirinjiinp at 11135 K9MKH 3ft4 WflPR^T 3fi. W9T4iTr 3fi WBIfFCJ 34
K&T. (.^ngnitiilaMnna tn the Amateur Radin Avm. of K9TXJ 32, raneK to. vrAftLnr 13, wary
Krir an hainir fewftimi in a frnntopage article ^Uich W9KHJ 7, KtJiQli/WBPAIK Y WB9AJB 4, \V9FT,F 3,
ippetrred in the J?rt-e Simrfaii 7Vw« Setrn. W3BP^ U f\ovi K9TXJ TO.
hfiav with node and the*>rv Haffiea at the TSrie YMCA.
WAXIK1T ha* rinalitieil for liia RPL tiieiiaJlion. K355MP INDIANA—flOM. William C. Johnson, VT9RFQ—
made HPT^ vith 107 origination* pin* dHiveriea. Avtfif. STM: Mrs. M. Roberta Krnulik, K&IVG. t^KC:
hieuta: WAURN ma OP^. \V3KTm from tV> CI. IV to WOKLTQ.
iiO <1. F. Kndorwiieiit; WASIATj an ORB, KSWfr is
^rmvaleacinir at home aFter a hrinf «tay »n PittMlinryth ft1** TA. Jfor.
liosnitah Tl\n kin, KaPS^/WAflZTE, m mjzr. of IPV 3910 mn?!1)aiJy5WIIJZM-F 215 KplVH
JLN, W.V3EXX mid WA3TTBF w new tralFir-hatuHenv ]SK 3911) OOOOZ Daily2130ZM-9 KlK'RS
fai the e.w, wtion neta, WAIUH^ W3KUN, WASAJCn
iind K8ZNP have qualified for the PBHRt Saw Q1N" 0100/ Dailv 15K WA9FDQ
fQAO tiXT fcip dftaila on thia KSVVO pmidf^ lad. POK 3910 1245XHun. 94 1VA9YXA
*a Master of Ceremoniefl on 2fl.O Mc. da'tlv an Pitta- lad. PON V,TT.F. 50.7 0200Z M-Thurs. 28S W B9AMB
burgh arva mcibilea fiaht traffic un thcu rt^pertiiv HaoairrV.n.P, W«PMT
ta plaee< of etnplovment. The milium it y Pn1fepi» nf
Beaver Coimtv will orftanife an amateLtr radio club To aJJ Indiana v.h,f> stations, report vmir traffic to

88 QST for
W W M T , HoheU K, Wif.te, \ W Wall tftivet, Furl
Wavaa, Ind. 46804, WOHttY has a new harmonic.
K9WPK in l»in* t i W n r r e d to Durham, N.C, WA9JHC
nut on ATV for the C C A R C , W ASK AO passed the
Kxtra Claw «juuii. Tri-State Amateur Radio Society
nHkent un> WAOCDP, ptew. ? WAWJCP. yMv-pfva, r
K91-A1T. tnea*.: WA9Z3SJ, w c y . ; W9GGW, WA9HGA.
W9V25X, WVLVL, K9STX ami WA9BPP, din-dors:
WA9VYH, publicity? WiNBC, advertising; WASJKX.
meetzuK hull; WA9QDZ, htitiifevt. Indianapolis Radio
Club's officers an- VV9JVb\ p r e * : W 9 K U vine-pi**.;
VVHKHN. w r y . ; WBAI, traaa,: W9HH and W9CKB,
director*; W9POF, chief operator, K9RNQ recently
ivtimi from Hie U.S. IY*td Nervier. Alien Omuity
Amateur Radio Technical Hocirfy's new «dfii»pra hi*
K9f«SB, ores,: WA9QKI1, vice-pne*.: WB9AJJ, w y ^
trea*.: K9UBP und WA9PIV. activity; WA9QKD ami
K&LSB, publicity. KOLSB reports that they have their
rHpeab>r HiiMm* no the W A N K - T V t<>*w?r.
WAO&BR hag u and theory d a m td the Mernll-
villp Elrmciitary BrhooV, IttdTanapolis IfeH Crns* A B C *
new ufflcfTA Pre W 9 P 0 F . pre*.? WA9VBG, vice-pros,;
WAIBVft, secv-i WA9FSZ. tniatrr; K 9 0 X A , ebflpf
i.pci«ti>r. WB9AMB, 1P0N v.h.f, ttijn,, han an >uvh. npt
r.n 50.4 Mr. QFN Honor Hnll : W AUK AG 26, K9VHY
2 0 , . W 9 Q ) V F 23, W9BUP 22, K9HYV 18. .Awnfeui'
*tUt* hwanw. of thr .wn'r^ >7 wfrrx, BPl«
fiThtfrat^ <mif to WWVO, W9JBCJ. KVPKX. KfllVG,
WA9YXA. W W A M B , VVttEQO anil WAOQOQ f.it
Den, traffic. TVr, PHHH: W9HRY 4&, W9P&1T 27.
WA9AMB S*, \VA»VXF 22, WuHl'u tt. Nov, PS11H:
W 9 P M T 27. Traffic: fjlec.i W9JYO 1160, WDJBR
1017, K9FZX 904, K9TYG 308, VVA0YXA 33ft,
LVBttAMR 2H!i, W9KQO 251 WA9QO<; 230. WffliHY
240> WA91.1H 100. VVPKWH 1 « , KflMYY 14H. W 9 f n ?
138, K9YBAt 124 > WAVVZM 110. W8ITEM 107,
W A 9 0 H X 05, VV0BUQ 81( W A AO J 71 78, WAOWMT
OH, K9TKM ft4. KW*HY SHf KflVHY 52, WA0WJA 51.
W 9 Y Y X 42. K9EFY 40, W A t O A D 3H. WANTMI 35,
Kg JQY 2D, WWm VVAUHH(£ 2ly W 9i)'/Al 2(1,
WALci 1M, W9CMT KftHWQ WAflAXF IS,
WAfiCHY 15. K9ILK J4, \VA¥VBG 14, W9PMT 11,
WAPVVRX 11, K9LZN 7, WA9QFQ 7P KOWON 7.
w n n K9FHJ y WAOBYL 3. ( N o r . l K9HYY 70,
WA9RVL 1.
iVriQ^/ Nature
19U9 titfH 37,115 36,749 8,713
19R8 440 18,778 23.24* M40
Gnjwth in 1970 ran only i-ontinue witlj tbe increased
(wrtrorpafinTi hy m»rp Minruwuta atimtcura in the various
wet ion activities. The anticipated sprina floods wiD
ueriMiitate the riwr jvadiogprogrsin of last year. C o n -
tart W A 0 M Z W if yoi? mn a^Hiat fin thia proinnm. Chech
in c.ui one of tlie Section nets as often as poaaibfo and
tt't invoJveil witli traffic handling We have a continuint
iiht^I for Hfttor U<>. le PAM* and KM* have a eon-
tiauin* need for NCSa as backup and for reffutar
ppula. The only reqnimnpiit fs interest in doing a ooo<l
jub as NCR, The HCM nceda infonnation resuTorly
as tn individual station activities (new rig, D X C C total,
for thia column. Reports must he recriverl b y the
0th uf thp month Part uf the KCM'r job is to main-
tain ivrtion nwrnlHTship «»ntnrt. on a perauiial liaaia, ltl
1969 I attended nie?tinjr* all over the state. In
(ilaTiuitig my 1970 schedule I would appreciate advance
tiotipp f»n nperial mwtinga which you would like me to
attend, f want tu thank all Minnesota amateurs for the
trpuipudorrx HUppoil uiven rluring my first year in
oftim. Traffic: (lien.) W A 0 W E Z 315, WAflVAB S05»
W 0 Z H N 233. W A 0 I A W K 0 M V F 1M. W A 0 O E J
W A p E P X 118. W A 0 T Y L 114, W A 0 R R A 104, K025RD
Wi, WAWVYV W A 0 U K V «0. W 0 F T T 4S,
W A 0 V T Z 45, W 0 H E N 44, W A P W S 44, W A 0 G R X 4S.
W A 0 U R W 42, W 0 B U C 40, W A 0 V D G 40. K 0 F L T U .
W A 0 H K M 3HV VYAOWDX 3«, W A 0 S D R 38, WA0VH1 1
33, WA0I1OT 3J, WA0VPW 33, W 0 G B 31, W A 0 M M V
31. W A 0 R K F 30, WA0ZNT) 30. W 0 F H H S9, W A 0 V P K
2Jtt WA0Q1T 27, K 0 G Y O SH. W 0 K N B 36, K 0 S R K S3f
waohah aa. wpkcjo i f . W A 0 V H X i t , \va0v6x w.
VY0AAU 17, W A 0 Y M U 17, W A 0 W B G 16. W N 0 Y A H 16,
WAOUBK 1A, WA0.TPR 15, W A 0 I A D 14, W 0 B U O 13,
W W W 11, W 0 J Y P in, W A 0 N G H 10, AY0ATO fl,
K 0 J T A 9, W 0 K L G 9, W 0 M B D 7. W A 0 C J U
W A 0 U T Q fl, W N 0 Z J C «. K01KU fi, K 0 C N C 4, W 0 K U I
4, W A 0 M N K 4. K 0 Z W G 4, \Y018J 3. K02BT 2,
W O F l l K t. W A 0 L A C 1. W N 0 Y V T 1. (Nov,) W A 0 T H I
110, W 0 Z H N 109, WA0VrK 31, W A 0 S D R 92, W A 0 V P K
13, WA0OEK 2. WA0TTTQ 2.

NORTH DAKOTA—SCM, Haruld L. 8heeta, W0DM

W I S C O N S I N — W M , K lif. Puknrnv, WhNRP-HH1: -•Blfti: WAOlYTi. OBR: K0BPH. P A M : W 0 C A Q . K M :
ivvxcrr, WAOKZT. WAWRIC. WAOOAY, W A 0 K S H . i>0: W0BK. W A 0 M W spent the holiday*
WA0QKP. WAIX)NT. RMar KftKflA, WASTXN. with lua parents in Cavalier. W 0 D M and family apent
l^hrl^tmaH with hia aiu and family ut Minot AVB,
JftM Fmii V\mr thw* QNT qrr Wgr, K0TTP is (MtSnc rpflfly tn Wpst for the duratloii of
BWN 3985 (fc. 12452 Mon.H^at. 203 W ABO AY the cold weather, W 0 D N 7 rec^ved a new T R - 4 f6r
HKN IHilr WA9QKP ChmtmaM. W A 0 A I N haK four NovJopr and a C o n -
Wi-WN S92A kr, imtK Mon^Kri, m 213 ttW'M difional In the makin? a l R u N y . W 0 P M and WA0AYL
3985 Ice. 2300Z Daily havp t\iYnty-five Novices comnu u p for exams as the
ttUBH
3602 kc. 0115Z Daily 1461 276 WA9QNT
157 WAflTXN result nf the claimi held in the adult timftrams, f n -
vvm 414
WHHN UOW/ IA KpKHA fid^-ntnlly, if yoit ha\*e any radio irear suitable for tnia
VVItN :4D2o kit. 0130/ HmJWTTY\ 72
24 3 KOHfVI erorrp ^vilaet WA0ATN. \V0DM or W A 0 A Y L . K0RSA
50.4 Mr. 0300Z Mon.^at. 161 VVA0EZT iiax an NtTX-5 and W A 0 O Q G , who itt attanding TT,1
HW2RM 145.35 Mc. imOK Daily 104 12 WAStZK han an HW-13. The Bioux Amateur Radio Clilh at
Hi-RAr.'fi^ 3993.5 kr. Hun. 55 \V9NliP/RO V M M . haa new quarter* in the Student. Union and haa
fpeeivpti Tirftkp find f l ^ t h v&ht tn iKiuin the station with
\V\pOAY e^pointe«l PAM for BWN. \rt. Uiph mid Inw power for oppration ny a]? classes, of
rert innate* wrtit tn WA9QVT amt WA9YRD ( W I N ) : liovaiMp. A new T H f l D X X will ^ram the roof of the
VVHwAHh' f BWN >; W9AVX, WBftRAH, WA9YSI) >ttidnnt ^nt^r. WA0HT1D rontiniies tn lea<l in tridnc
(VVRBK); WA0GYP. XVAOEnz. W A 0 Y 8 D ( W W W ) . tntala with W 0 N M Y and K0BPTI up there too. T h r
K0UTQ i* a ti^w CJO biiH OBK: W 9 0 M T »i OPK net ia pirkin(r up, W A 0 R B R could upp a few
Mlul OHM. W9DM Htirl WASIfKV- nft. rpmlr t o follow rrini W 0 W W L M|H*jit thp hcilidaya i» Tucson and
Ckmr-5 *hpn it takes of?. K9PQT now i« KH6in>J. W4»rki'i1 mnhifp on 20 ttWpt* mostlv. WA0HUD tied
TIip XYKA Pirnic will h* field July 12 al .BamlK*.il W i f . with W A 0 W E Z for hnnora on T E N for Dec, WA0R8R
BPIi ivrttfipflfp fc»r F>eo» traffic vi'rtit to W « T X Y h nd himi ohei'k)! jidn that net,
\Y9Wr. Many *1itm1» for a joli w i t d o m to K 9 0 H \
whn >vtirrd after •ibht v«Kra an Wiftrotmiti SC-M. Gnose K i m H
1990 4 50 W0CDO
Tiaffips VV9HXY 591. W9RHJ 410, KflPPM 3ft2. W9DNTJ 160m Ket ke, atss. check-ins
?19. \Y \BQKP 2IT0. WAOR-AK 1*2. WA0QNT 102. 2100 3640 19 62
W A 0 V K i ; 9 101. K9Ktn 98, RARiplA K9UTQ M.D. HV Net COT M-F sess. QNJ 19 Tfc. WA9R8R
WOKRO 36. WA9TXN <7» KPTBY 42, W « I I K 411
W 0 R T P 39* W9IHW 38. K0JPB 31. WBMBP 24, fr720 m& AOft 64 Tfc. WA9MNEL
WIHOH 28, WA9PKM 21. WAOOAY 14. W9HXV I3r VI, WX Nrt. CUT M-M left. w * . rhppfc-ina WA9GEX V f m t V
WA055TY 12* WORQM 11. WA0HFB X. W9KHO OWIO ft99(U512 321
\VPA9BAB 8f K9GRC 2. N.D.P.O.N. ( S u a . kr. cherl^lns 62 Tfe, WAffHUD
1730 Sat.
CSTBun,
1730 2906^ 47 1087
N.D. RACES CRT M-F kr. smrt. rbpck-lns 104 Tfc. IWSPH
DAKOTA DIVISION fmaM-K
M I N N E S O T A — 3 C M , LaiTV J. Slilma. W O P A N - 8 E C :
W A 0 M Z W . PA Mas K 0 G Y 6 , W A 0 M M V . W A ^ O F J . Traffic: WA0EJUD 296, W 0 N M V 67, K 0 9 P H 64, W A 0 -
W A t f f l l f M . V.H.F. P A M : W \ 0 H W M . K M v WAORK\ G R X 42, WA0BJB 32, W A 0 A Y L 27. W A 0 R B R 26*
W A 0 I A W , K0JYJ ("EC Jai-kM>n County) paffie^t away W 0 G F K ao, W 0 U M 16, W A 0 M N D 16. W A 0 T B R 16,
ill Imp. W 0 Y H U r»icikntlv paaacsd t.hp E^tra C\h*h W \VA0MKIi 14, W A 0 J P T 6, K0RBA 4.
U m W tfip Naileivbip uf WA0AT7/W, thp AB BP pm^rHtn
ha a srown to war 65 EC*. Nrt aetivitiea Iihvc m- SOUTH D A K O T A — B C M . Ed Gray, W A 0 C P X —
M^nifirantlv thrmi^K flip effort* **( W A 0 I A W . W 0 I T liaM (\a1t4cttpd iriaiiy states with his low~power
WAV4KRA. WAtfO&r, W A 0 H H M anH K 0 G Y O . nfi and «lu>wa what ran dnne with just a .few
ticully the following results have bctui obtalnwi. vatta and good antenna. W A 0 C K H , W A 0 C P X , K 0 T X W

March 1970
find VV07T jHune uf flipft-llow*found on 100 rKNNESSSB—iA'UI, Hurry A. PJuJIipa, K4RCT—
mi-h-ra aoirie eveninjw. W&KX'A ia Mriuiisly nwiil^citi^r SEC: W4WJII, PAM*: W4PFP. K4MQI, WA4EWW.
(itirtiPiviatinic in wune RTTY WA0YAK and KM: K4AWU
WAOCPX ii n* ronatruptin* wntt met pro recently described
in WA01YO n«-Hrinic IOCCCV W0PRZ in U^ XH Frey, tkiy* Vim ff HI Mgr.
timing inure native worK'tnft TJX, WA0UEN haa started THHB ami I&1I 141 K4MQ1
« IVpintiiieton C.*oiratv AKttf! N^t wliirli <» held every TPN M-c^t. IJ4A mi w \\ 4PKP
rtm, *tt JAQO GMT. Hilnt Krv: WKOXfTF. Net repnita: Sun, [4m
Mnnnnn. WX. NVt, 4M QNT:\JQ NVt, £13 tJNl aud ETPN 3W M-K nw tiin 4t WA4R\V«
40 (JTC; Kurlsr Kvi-nin* Net, 791 QNI ntkl 71 QTC: i'PON mu Mon. mn K4KTA
Uitf- Kivnin* N,-t, 1M4 (jN'f titid 6* fjTC, The AWKC TTN 727n I>ailv 22on m
(in

Net 1a artive wry (tan. at 1630 QMT on JIM arid TN Uaily IKiKl JUS K4AMr
rfDN ia on 3H4A at OlflUZ. Truffle: WOZWL.'G 3.50,ETV1TF 146.3 T A 1T H i mn flti WH4LUH
WAOSKA 210, W0HO.I 104, WAOPNB 104. W HTVHF 50.1 J- iwn is » wmiciR
HI. WAORKJfiO,W0IG 4tJ. WAOTKtf 46, K0M&N KPTMN 2KK . WAP trjuu >> w n
» UA4YON
WAcMHA 30, WA0LLG 27, WODJO 1!J. WA0LYO 13,
WA0IWG 4. it «ee»is t<> 'in* that Miutit0i)> hiv imt ni\*eri urrdit
rtiotrsli tor the liUlt-kno\m #rrv\<v* that they provide
ifoth *in local and national lowlr Tlio ARRL uina m
DELTA DIVISION •"rveih^okeil -when it nmiea to irivinar r-iivlif for tuntp-t*,
Kl>. wKTf WlAW PixwriPim tie* W4TKB ntuu&U that
ARKANSAS—WW. Hubert lJ.flrhnet'er,WA5I1H- S.XHfl be hh i« plane for the Tvvw eMM|t to met*
> KC1: WW BR. PAM: WA5KJT, KM: W6NND,
mat illation* to W5SMS, who paaiwd theftvtra.C1a*a >hnutil have ti new 4-tmndnt
in thp RdvnnrPfl guition the hnmi. *ii4M UBUFT
diixjJr up t«v KC M V4-
K5SCE ha» n fi-kwt n^nprnhir. My wife, IHn jh Kxtm ('taw. Harnett lliffli 8rh<k>1 ?hn*
Mi^V, i* a<>w WM5AFH, WA5KAK J? Iioitip iron, tfcot- oiwrnxeit an Amateur kadio Olnti, 'IVaffic: WA4l AZ
hind. The jmmp at W5YM i* hnwv tnovini it* repeater 2iJSf K4AT 211, WA4JTT W0, WU4-1KT \K\ W4o<iG 1 At,
to Itobmaon Mountain and petting ivndv for 0«rar W 4S Q K 74, WA4VFG 52, IVMANX 47, W 4 W H K 54.
» t report" for I lee,: WA4C41M !KI, WR4.tTG WH4UYJ 21* WR4EHK 150,
TitfH WA4XBC
.Vanwr WA4c4GK 30, WB4H3S WB4HM1 17. K4P(- fJ5 \7t
Net fViif. Min. K4AMC 15, W4PFP U. WR4FEC 13,
IWK WHO oi ire R1 WA£Tf<H WA4YKM 13, WA4LX2 13, WMC1HB 12, W4LBD 11,
KN rtouz 33 509 586 tt'AfiKJTWA4YON IK AVA4UCK 10, \V4t)KT Ht W4V.T WH41M8
APM l» m 1366 WBVPff T, WA4KWW 4.
lH'M II1A WAOTT .B
pn Kvfc oonoz Knn, WfiPUZ
DX Info 0U45Z MDII, WM&Vfi GREAT LAKES DIVISION
TrMfii-: WAN ND Zt», WA5TL* 77, WAS1CJT 34. WA5TJR KENTUCKY—3CM t Oeorw Wilson. W40YT-*EC:
16. KAKTOI 14. W4\TK Appouitefl; WB4EOH «» fJndoraeri:
WA4QMA. WA4FMY, WA4AVV, WA4AOTT, WB41HO.
I OUISIANA^-mfM. J\ AtU*n Hwi^^i, Ju, SVSPM— WA4WQZ, WA4WWA mh EO; WB4HTV ^ KC and
rfKP: WfiOH. UM: KftANB. V.H.K. PAM-: Wfil>CfK. OP*: WA4CJIIO as KC\ OPR. OVH and PAM r WA4FAF
WA.mXA. Affuin vrc ymr hUrntion h> the GNOATK* i»< DPS. HI'L: W4BAZ, WA4VZZ, WH4HH V,
promt: Ham Radio T\mib\vonH. Contnrt. WAOF if
in1rrpst(«<|. Innilpntully, the dub Is conductm* radio <?ATf QIV itfor.
I/mmnpk onn night prr vr«*»k.. W5MRC i4 IMTfl n^t mffr- tor KKN 41* V4HW
LAN nmt requests tlmt ftiyniir itifprpht^l m f rn Hic- MKPK fUClI 231* K4Tkr
hnrnllinfr n^mrt into 361A at UU30 or Q40DZ uiiy ev^nnipr K'W nonn loon Wri 2IW* WA4A(UI
iif flu* avi'L WACK ' Tr Iihk iiihtalleti two utitennaw at KYN mu 200U/22UJ W 510 \UUAt
Tnlwlo RmuL the nuttr«t titi«H tjnlimff In th** FOATN AU; 199* 4S5* \V40TP
c^*»mtry. WAEA repurtft h new protip uf olrl-timer* me#*t» t Vtitral Ky. M/rh, W WA4UHQ
ii«»ly nmirnrl 703(1 for hull wsinnH, K5ARA *-nti the
\mmn( Powf-Il Memorial Tw»|ihy for hi* uritntJiTirlmp Kentuckianu HCs iuh nt the lTol>hy mIiomKI Lie a
work uxi LAN" iliirintr J0"i9. Our m-w Delta Divi*jf>n model fur tli^ nation, A his hon^t to ill W4JH T< from
hiiwtrir, VV4WHN, Ntutrit he vi lH nflrt nni-h M^iou flunntrW4MNK. W4NDV, W4MXI) WWW, WDW1 W4YY1
'lie nmijitK v^r Mn<l would hke to henr Imm inefi uf and W4HNI put him m rwibr tnuHi with I lis *m WAHYY
vott with ult-n* nr tfi(»Titli<M liam radio. WA4PXfY /fttd W4/V wtv leatunvl in the <hn»nalioro
U'WR VV, »w4tpninE SHI-J,' tho ARC4 uf HouttlWent pajwr for their ATV activity in the 20*, W4RHZ «a<mi
t •vilihKiliii, 111* Kilhltijffeii R VeHr'ft HrfompludilTlPtitii nf to have anlved the ^itiiptisjiihle" uJM,/Hti-rPO 1 t
the t4nh itofnjcft and n^fivitiM for I960. The report iiud hIso eflTfeci tapa utx the KI16 trait* loud im-
lorlitile^ ami nther (mhlreity ohtfiinoit dump ir»»diately aft^r IS/7/41. Thin taw waa featured on urn* uf
flu> yr*ir, ftpporfs am «lirn thin mnnNi. If ym nml the Iothj BC ^tation^ W41HK helped \rP3SY i*nln<*
nepnrt otirris let know. Ajmia T remiml yon T will Mipplii^ tor a hitrrtHvl-mit lioapital. Tratfie: C\ h+.t \
not rrrn H|(iun Mr HCM yi»t club nwuibeni hhoiifd \\ \wm m, WA4DYT. 44fl, WI44KPK 330, W4R \Z m,
riuuiinAfe wintp nr the jpHirf nien HVHilnhlp. My term eirdn WA4AIEX 170. WA4HKY 149. WA4AGH 23K, WH4KOI?
in Watch QST fur tiu» *jrTnounren)ent. TrntHr: HO, WA4WWT K4AKN 107, W4CIYT lllli. WA^UUU
WdAII 404. WJiCKZ T3. WA5WBZ K5ANH W5MHC* H4, WB4HW HP. W1441TjK 77. WBtOPK 7J, K4TRT
* WH4KER 60, K4UNWrtO,W40TP K4ITOK 46,
W4Cm 45, K4H\M 42, W4VDO 4Vt WH4Hll> »7,
MISSISSIPPI—fflM, Clifton CP CMmfnrt, WAfiKEY- WH4HUH flft, VV\4MXD 3a. W4UK 33, W4HKR SfL
^Kt.1; WUnVU. JIM: WAVAF. WAfisKl in ^entionin* WA4THIR W. WR4PI<A 27. K4AVX 25. WB4DQM 25.
in thP Xorfli I*nd. WNSATXi. ^ West Pniut, i« our W4VYH 24. WB4WjY 23, K4VIKJ K4UAK 31,
.Vouc^ WSFiW han tro\\h)e Kith hm hipr riic hut \YWKT>K SO, WH4«3fiV W4KJ1' 12 UTUMfP 11
"•fill is ui'tivp oo 2 i^teterN, W.V6SUE reporta that the WUFAF WA4C1MA 0. WR4TTTX 7, W418F 7, WR4^
7»iiii4i*r nt f&CTler now mrkind ami coverine T.KZ 7, K4KXN' 4, WA40MU 4. K4YCR 1 iNtivj WR4-
the (iutf ( W . WASHKO fTamwk Coinitr, WA5UOII HHP WH4HWr M. t'lh-t.i WB4HQW Trfifl^;
Vitnms ('"iintjr and WVWIIK Marrimsi fmmfr flrv repent mi* Report* 54*.
FC '.tppointn^, f1hock ynitr i^rtifieste date* «nd aee
if ynur -ippointmonta rtmd endon«>M:efit. WUSCPS'a MICHIGAN—ROM. JoM-ph I- PmiMi, KAT1KM—A«t.
fWition fur tup rate* for amrwuiK \riUrntc RCM?: Rod per C. Phillip?, WARLWK: Houurd A.
to Kisf/ill moltil^ riursf fnr Hiiertftwy wse ^hofihl Walker. WHJTO. KT-X^: W8MPD. RMa: W&TTQ. WURTN
up in thia t.r thi» J^pUUtm^ W^f'TD'fi m iloina KKKMQ. PAM: KstJOTt. V.HT. PAM«: KH-
n htv jiih HOT. iUBHN mid COCnN\ Ilia ORM t KM. Appcimtmonta: WV^UP, W8FX ** ORfla: WkAGQ
•i^wjmtment i* heinn promovrL The MftHN'V uiiiter as OPfl4 W8fRD ORft. K81C3Q, WXHVJtR a* RT*,
luvnii' it- M he m MrCnfmh in UkU* Mi. «r ^nrlv Marrh. Silent Key-r KAVPY, K4WA.
\VA5P9Sr ia tinxr \dvaiicerf Claw. WA5WJR is now a
Grneral instead of TVrh. We mII vish KSFMV :t Tim* /JtoVi Off/ OTC AM Jfur.
Phrek into mir rrnta: QMK zm Daily 11711 AO 4
WSSB ooon O^ily 905 2(30 KWHJ
MHBM 3090 ke. OOtSOMT Daily ITpEN 3920 2230 Daily SSif 27 2* WAMJCC
OPSRM MM ke. OOAOOMT Duilv POK'-Day HUM j son Daily Tfl4 TftlJ HI KshNK
CtiVHH ke, 1)1 (XJ ONfT Daily HLCTH 1X231) Ifcitty fl17 TjJfl K1 Kmrid
onnn NC^titt. 160 « 35 VK30P0
Trnflie^ WK'm/5 113, WAJUWD 11, WA5SSY 9. WA3- fcrOMTM 5a4- oouu W-Sat. 2AX WARLRT
HKQ S» Bk/MEN mu 2230 M-Pri, liJhti 77 KSfJS

90 OS! 1 for
Newlv~clected officer* oi the Bran Poutidrrs AWJ «t#»
WWWQ, piea.; KHUPK. scry.; KftKJL. l i c e - m * : W8-
Q^Qp prop, chmrL Gentleman Albert Allen, K4WA, who
HUH editor of the Ham Kadm column in the Detroit Xv<r*
since 1834 tframp a> Silent Key and will be minted by
many. WA8MJT had hi* UW-29 stolen tmm hw vehicle
WSAIMG is retirwi mid npighbor* with \YKKWO refined,
»it T«ke Cjporfm. Thr> OMN I .ate Nut heard in KHti
with ifi«>d nitfQid*. W8DTZ yhould he r*-7Q7WW now und
Imuk in 'Midiipm. W&DT worked CKpAti, Chriatma* Ire-
land, durin? Chnstma*. WfitfWA Jiua been rritttna it up
with the fJX *t-itTOHB. Tlie Grand Rapids ARA is run-
fringe code and theory classes conducted by WAHIKP. The
GKAKA alao U eujizijderfng movjn* its repeater to iu-
creaHn its mvenu^— DXiopc» huh? Tbi? tJonthwitern
Michigan ARA is planning a *wap «inci »|mp Apr. 12. ITie
fVntral Michigan ARC has new QSL cards for memher*.
Traffic? WASWKF 906, KjSLNB 591, KVSS.W 49H. WVTQ
449, KJKKMQ 330, WASMOA1 213, WftNOH 198* WAMQC
1H9. VVKBKZ 1«8, W8IZ 187, WA8TBI« 165. WAMiXY 151,
W8IXJ 113, WB8DTT JSU WMHK 10rt» WASPTM 96,
VVAWQO H2» WfVMO 77T WW25 69. KSFFTV 02, WSUIC 81.
WAHUNB 57. K8GOU 62. "WSBTN" 4ft, WA8YVH 40, WA-
fitZPn 40, W8KNW 3S. WBKANU 57. WSFV 35. W&MPD
3!S. WMVVL 19. WA4QCI 18, K7NIIYA 14, W8TBP 13,
IV6EUB 10. W8FWQ 10, WAHUM 10, WKAGQ 9, WAS-
TiQB fc KAMEG K8CK-D 7, W8SS 2. Total $355.
OHIO—ROM, Richard A. Egbert, WtffcTll-tfKO:
WK>UU. 11M: W6IML PAM: K8PBK. V.H.F, PAM:
WASADU. Dec. net ivporU:
Nrt AM. Frrfl, Time Jfa
OtiSBN 2384 1383 09 3972.5 KM1BK
BN 623 492 lr2 35N0 nnnnftosoaz IV8IMI
UOWtrN 492 114 58 51X61 ooooz WA8ADTT
50.16 (12UUZ
OSM 281 118 31 WAftVNt;
Apricot 248 5*5 31 51.0 nnooz KWJNA
BPL ceihficnte* for ]>c. *o In W8TPH nnd W U E T X .
A total of 43 ftvr> r«rd« were issued dariopt 1969. The
total traffic handlinioi for all four <«f <mr Miction tipt*
toi the yiur whs nearly 23,000. OH8BN M|cr. KXT.JBK
m i l a. d^teiM report oi net fitati&tim -whieh
traffic handiimpl up almost 400D nxvr 1968 for a total of
over JA.OOO. Thifl ih h guod time to Minoratulirte aU of
>»ir Miction net manmtpra and net participants for thpir
exMIont performance. TIif Mannn, Maanillon said Inter-
city Radio Clubs *»t up stations in public plaen
tn handle holiday hi«**ige traffic. Net certificate? for
Q8&BK participation u^re earned by WtfLAG, KW >NV
and WAHTKM. daubm VB V'a now n f f i m aru: WSPZG
p w . : W«TOy t vjee-pm*; WA8BIV, M-y^tmia. KkDHT
WA8CJI, K8UBW, W8ZRV uOil WROG joi»pH the Kil^nt
Keys. WMWT rpporta flmt the Williams Co. ftwriff'H
T>ept, «ent a patrol par to ileJiver two military (^hrist-
Uiaa messagett on OhnatmaH Day. WBRAROk now
lorufpd >n fJrand Rapid?. Mich. TJSBPX ivi onxiiu.-ii(l?
M imd a new mikd from P. Clans. K2UTV (AV1BGD) haa
\mrkine the Novice bands. He huvh yon can Dr«t
Ohio" in three out of ton QHOa WWNL was NCS 94
hmpN rrn C>SBBN dnrlnc 1969, and waa matter of rai*-
monies ovt-r 2533 QNl mid 1504 QTO?. Dayton VIIA
eTamined SI meml^ern JU full rodr and thenrv pIhrh
for the Movire CHana IWnne. The Newark ARA CIijI/h
nfli^fra are W8EOG, pre^t WAK\VC!\V. Yiee-pfr«.;
WftQXO* wcv.: WASEK treaa- lfiO-mpfer ^nthiwiaat
\V8GDQ t^Ia »f worVin* ?rK9. HR2. VR4 and
f31 on that band- SEC WSOUtTa \-ear-end h'port shorn
that we have 875 AREO ui»<uibera ui utir Motion. A
total of 139 ARK/? dnlla wa* conducted diirinff T>cc.
Thnrp lire 2ft ^KKC nets actKi>T all of which mmlijrt
Jia»on with NTS. Thew numtierK are all aigmficantlv
\Mttrt than thp totals for EC W8ERD i* now
mobilin^ at a kw. level. Thf RTirkcye Nrt HiilTrtin re-
ports that BN's tiST totid for thi» yrnr i* up 7 peiwnt.
and QTT'k better by 8 percent, over 1968. OHMtrK Mgr.
WASAUU shows a total of 44 "rejfitlnni" "ti hts
roster. Veteran TOCi-r WKKCQ Hats for us the Ohio
m<-inbera nf the DXOO Honor Roll as billows: W8AJI,
VV8RF, WSBGTT, WflCtfT. W80E. WHDMl). \VKR\%
W8HGW, KAtKH, W-UINT. W8K1A. WSK1T.
WHMPW, WBQJR. K8RTW. W8WZ, W8YCP, W«ZOfJ.
IVe. appointment* w*r<- TTASSOP as WfifMf and
WA8ZNC a^ OBSat TItov mibmittinK data fnr PMTR.
lihtinits an* reminded that wn rcqiiiri* a hrpnkdowa of
prtivitieft as shown in Nov, t9rt9 Q&T. T viaifH thp
Marion ARC rlnrinr T>er. nnd enjoved the honuitatity of
this fine and nctiv* club. A Jonitf-ovrrdfSc vrwit- «tao wan
made to ARRL Ko. for anme lcngtftv and rewarrlinir
confab with "Bo**" WIKJftt anrl other nv»mhera of
the Ha. rfaff, Traific: CTVc.) WRTrpfT Wa, WARKTX
WR8AKW S4a. WAKVNF W8QTV ISS. WA^BW 224(
WHVND W*TMI S10. WA8CXY 18fi. WA8TWT/ lMt
WB8ALU 159, W8RUR 137. WAKKTW 1W. W8PMJ 158.
March 1970
WB8DSV 145, W8GVX 131, W8CHT IS0/WA8WAK 128.
WHQZK 120, WA80CG 118, KHUBK 116, KAON A 112.
WAxnin, [09, W8VTL 107, W8JD m t WA8BRD 10TI,
AVB8BZX 98, \V»KTU W, WAKYIH A9, AV«TV Aft, WAAVYQ
Sll. WAATYF 79, WA8ULV 7«, WKhT 75, WB8CKT 71,
WKlJX PI, WKIH 00. WA8NOQ 60. W8VGD 69, WA8YUB
57. WA8PPK 56. WfUAKli 85, WKGN'L 64. WAKAJH1
Tp3. W8DAR 4'J, WXMOK 49t KWfYR 49. fc'KNATi 46,
VVAKMHO 44. WW DO 44. WB8AJO 43. W8B11 42.
K8LGA 89, WA8811P 87. WAXY It N 38, WA8SSNC1 35.
WH8BI.Il 34, W8KRD 33r KKBYIt 31, WAHTJOR 30,
WHcarr WXI,KK 29. K8[*KA SS, KKPBK KSONV
2?, WA8VWH 22. WA8YLW 22, WBHBPH 2tr \VWiUTT9K
WAMVK 2U WA8KPN 19, WxCiK 1«. WAOTtftV
W AKTKAl Irt, W.VKPMX 16, W8GOE 16p W8LAG lfl,
WA8RWK 15, K8CKY 14, K8ZBL 14, V.UCXV 12.
K8U11J 12, 11, WEWDN^ 9. WKJEff 9, WQXQ
H, WAMPI) 9, WRKYP S, W8WEO 8, WA855YT «. WB8-
AGT> 7. W8ARW 7, KhEKC 7, WAHLK 7, 7,
WAKLAM 7. XKT/PJ 7, WBHt'HW fl. WAMCJC6. WUHXX
5, WAXTIKJ 5. WA8KKM 6, W810 5, WA8JKW 5. WA8PCT
5 WASttT.'O 5. K8WZ1 5, WB8C7EIT 4. WB8HQO 4. 1C8-
KHV 4, WARM(?R 4P WAAVVJR 3, WAKKTIK 3. K8BPX
WffllYP 2, WBAIIJFTT WA8JSCO 2. WN8CWD 1. cNovJ
WAHC1CG 75. K8LXA 14. WA8YUN 29, WA&FQW 26.
HUDSON DIVISION
EASTERN NEW YORK—SOM, Graham G. Berrv,
K8SJN—AwU SCM/RM: Rnth E. ltice. WAaYVB,
\V!KGC. PAM: WB2VJB. Y.H.F, PAM: WBSYQU.
^ t i r m vrJ*i NYS »n 3R76 at 23MZ; E88 3590
niffhtlv at 2300Z; N V ^ A K N Tiifthtly on 3925 at 8300&
0« /An club ttVcirt* /or Dec.? VK1KAK van speaker at
the C'inmmnnieationa plub of New Rochrile Oinnpr alonn
with Director WOTtTK, who itastalled new officer* hum
•tiMtnra. The K2BVC Memorial Award went to K5QDP.
Thf We*tchester AR-A .\nnual Dinner waa held r i t h
WB2MOI aa chairmsn. Look for WAR A'* Terhniud Net
I It I Weil, at 1930 loral time. Problpm-solving
in ?4. Mpi-cialtv. The Altany ARA ehrtion tucetinic waa
livid Dec. 13: New officer* urp WA3TDK. pr^K.: K2BHK,
vmw-pw.? WB210Z, bWB2VJR. treaa.: WA2WSY.
'lirertor for a 3-vear term. The Schenectady Club heard
AYtPV and hto XYT^ H>eak <m their laat fMnrnier's viait
In Finland, Thp sArA has 12 "family" &mnp* nf
lirpns®**, Orm nny othn- rlub matcli >m? AV2KGCT rp-
Dorrs startinic the year with the billowing active KT*« In
the nren s Wehtrhestfe WA2IWL, Puteheaa Rock-
fund K3CXO. AHmny WA2BAII, Tlrter WA1WCW.
Schenei-tady W21IRP, Orar.^ K2AXT, Q m w W2WGE.
\\a still are hxiklnff for Oonnty ECi in <7olumhm.
Hennsvlner nnd Putnam. Volunteers, contact the flfJ&f
nr SKO. Wr wnnt to fdl the rwirr for KN-V. aa aoon
us ik»ssi\>Ip, tfrmit*1»> ap/ioMmeat hnfdm; Bend
™ir cnrtiticateH to WA2VYS for rpnewal proccs-rinir.
ttnhvM*ii*t xftithn <fW4*</<V«i: K2QBW received ti PS
nwarvl from \RKTj. a BCRTA certificate from R8QB
it ttvw kw umplifiHT nt\(\ r ww hpfpinir him to run
itp flip DX total anil hold his position in CD Purtiea.
W2EFU fixpcci* to be uctivit Htmin RC WA2FWL
sports thp Wr^ti'heater Cminty AHPSC Net on 3928
kc. \Vei|a at 8:00 P.M. load time welcome* liaiaon from
other tieta and rrtW arewa. AH O i colnrnn Mnain^, thp
New Roch«*lle i4iih haa 60+ htudenta fpfdvtored for the
iimw N'ova*p innrae, to tie followed bv n General'
Advnnccl-Extra throry cowran in the apring, WB2YJB
was wuitinir rtt pn>» rime for his nrw Advaiirrvl Clew
tickpt. atid'ia npt mftr. for NYf?PTAEN for tlus year.
WB3NVJ is fim^hinte a tape unit for c.v, via the
UTTY TR unit K2RRZ ifrme to >1awaii for a short
trip. Tho**» making the Public Service HonoT Ro|J for
Dec. include WA2FBI* WAlVYfl and W A2VYT MVaffie:
(Dk-.i WA2FBT 235- W3KAK 23W, WA2VYS 73, W2ANV
A3. WA2TTGB 47, WSTHE 37. W S P 35. WB2VJB 33,
KWJN 27. WA2GQW 22 r K211YK WA2VL8 t8.
K21INW tfi. (Mov.) K2tm /W1BGD 2.
NEW YORK CITY AND LONG ISLAND^-KCM,
Fmi J. Bmnjni. K2Dat—MKC: K2GVN, PAM: W2EW.
NTJ* 3630 Vq. 1919/22110 Nigbtiv K2HATRM
MT.TYHF* HW Ma. twn MTWTF WH2BUP I'AM
VLIPLone* kc. IffilO Daily WA2fTWA PAM
Hear Hbnsp 3935 kc. 1100 Daily WA20PT Mjcr.
Mic F*rv! 3925 kc. 1100 Daily K21IRO Mar.
Hast m ftttke. \m Kj^htiy K 2U Ha Kfar.
AUHve. 3925 kc. 1300 Hun- K2AA8 Mrt.
NY^PTEN' 3025 trc. 1800 Daily K2SP0 Msr,
"•f^tion nrtn. All times nbnvp arc fopRl.
An i w d th?a column, mv term aa %-oitr PCM baa
bron nmninff for two month*. .\[y thanks to Blaine John*
K2IOB, for a Miiooth transition of office, 1 will do
91
my lie-it tr> rilli thin neitivyn m h *in»*>th and wiree^t'iil jit IXt/, WBOAFi is a new cluli ^f^tnm 8tr Angfftu
rmacincr, with your mnperation, 1 hope yuu will let mo Hjffn MuhiI with WOl^P J* truntff. Nw timiw.^
know tmm time to lime what vmi nr* doing, I inxv uiv WX0AFZ »n d WN0AGA. Hon^elt Hi ah ARC
pima it uTufiff vih thia <*>luma to other*. WelL do*u to tii thank ail who ronde 0 Dfatrtat
k>u*iije*A. Ne<v Hull < t f n f c u l k C'mititv HC—WASU Pnrty i\ jf^ht nucmH, Ovrr 122 Iwp^ rprpivrd
KQtt Orrler uf BoiJed 'M^-ArVSEGUK. Kinn t'uunty rroisi niorp tlmn 3U Motion*. 1970 officer* ur tlir
Hflni(«CHiinpfh VVHZJKV, KiH-kftffHv AftC.'-WSKfcf A. MM- W0-M«'ter Net ure "W0SHO, nw,; W0BTK, rii^-i^fw*. i
Alti:~K2UQM. WttF iMpm-fn thr ijOWA Net Uiitta h. KOTIM). N>rv.-tmui.; WAOCWQ. art, m|Tt North" lown
(4,232 kc. ut 11:00 E8T. *nn„ 3832 kc. ut M :0U P. AJ- KHT,AKCi's Im fiffirpm nn- WA0NYH. jim.: W0KUB.
(jirmi* Ku WBSittJ is looking for menihrr* ««n a-H-1fl \ ur-pu*.: KOYVU, tmw.; WOQZP, net, mgr.
m*tm Mnn. ut MOO KST uti 143.112, MM, 29.& n.mM S»-vimi«I Ji»*h nbitionn Hre purl input inn in thr nttmrnrftH
14fl,XX f.tp, WA2LJS repoita it «?tr hird phtIi itowfii, infnrmHl IH^rUKnl \t>t un mtn nt 1MK1X. tiappv Winnie
tVBZfttiSP in tuW ' Kxtrs Cfasx. wnernt*, K2U'K say* tlir Grern,
transmitter limit* nr* twin* hrid lifcuni. Cunt net J urn for
ilHtnik. Suffolk County RC and MAMTtC Mtv entirdmaN -Vrf /My tfwr y.V/ OTV1 Wpr-
itie the repeater .34-.7fl oil L.L WA2BBH mIIV in law* 76 1100 H39 tVfll'W)
racking Umm up *hf*r dnyn vih d meter*. The Mnthuah TU4N MM M-tiat \m
Hi' station izetfinit ieudv for htiaine*i, W&NXBU Iowa 100 IK1,S ItoiJy <ti«H> ^vifi 11I7K K
1 9RI
I Daily mu 0A
K0TDO
ivrvived h UXCC tHU endumeiiieiit. WB2TBP /<* Hir
prt*. uf thefttuyveanulHrf VVA2YHY «nd WA2YQ1 Trnlfir: iUihm WOT/.1* WOl'PX S3X, WiMU^;
have arrjiiii'ed 1st Han* rmliotelephoni* enmmerewd ticket*, I7«, W AjiVKl IB, WOLGG 1X 5, WAOYZA HS. WAiiA^X
un nirikm? flip BPL t.» WA2JJMO, K*l VI\ l
r*mmt*
W. W A I
M
K211RG Rnrl. would yn.i In-lm, W2TUK, thr fin>t one KOJCjl 41, WA0QKI, 3ft, W0.TPJ V IO ^ KO^ffJ WOKB fiX W0PJ5O
ever I TfMIii-: KfliAT 777, VAS11 MO JOT. KlI'HG 42Ut WAOYVR S5, KOTDO 17, WA0VBO IS, WAOMIT W. WA0WIK
WaTl'k JMU, IVHzmi 45. K2AA* 39, WB2R/K S3, W0BW 1Z, \V ^OAIW Hi, WtfDMX X0, KPQT5T> IS, in,
WtfP 20. K9DUI H, WA2UH II, WA3QJU t. Wl-iMOQ 7f WORJK 4 KpiKA 2. iNm.i woxVE nu
W0LGU U4, K0LKU 3.
NORTHERN NEW J£RSEY—f^M. i* J, Amn-
rrwi. \V«2' SKP: K2KDU, UMe: WA2TAF and WR3- KANSAS—W1M. Koheit At. Kmumor*, KOBXF—ri^'-
KKK\ PA Ms: WfiPffY. KTCDU,\VAHtf Fiuid WA2TBM, KOKMB. RM: K0MU1. P\M: K0JMF. VMM. PAM s
WA0TTW. Oiiti^fratuiatiowi t" WA0PYP and WA0PUI
Hnrfion Nrtrichwhile* un tlip orrivnl nf tfirir first harmonic1 fi^c. Iff. Rrccnt
I'lMioimi AirOapitul 'IWh-NWIiat. Wirhitn—WA0UT,
•Yrf Tmt fhw Sm.tjNt Tfr. Af^r- pn-H.; K0J)Yir, viw-pM.; W08PF, rtrrv,: W0MRL
NJTTTK SRSAki t.
SGMIcr. 7:^1 P.
m
MWF IH
. I>7
. 25 1 WA2TAF
M 4XA W A 2B LV Ratlin
WA0CCX. hoanl mcm'nw, Jnhimon Oxinty
Amntriir Cluti— KOHT1M» pn-n.t WN0UCI, wcv.;
NJN'
NJN iUWJ pjt. 1>y 311 M5 WA2BLV W05MY, WOTIAJ, WirXuta Aruatom
K".I»N kn, »U : U pji. Dy 19 64 ^ttB2KKH H-trfii. OuK-WAOFRK IYA«H»TT, vice-p**.?
NJKPW .VMOkr, Usui ^ MAt. 31 HU7 54U W2PKV WAOPZO, wy,; WAOQl^', twa«.; KOWOP. puk din
NJPON fr.iXiPM. Suit, 4 IW ^ WA2TW•lavhawk AtnaU-nr Hadin Club. Kan«an Pity—WA0P11O,
NJAtf fiUT42A kr. A-011 r.u. M.!' It U7n 71 WA2K pw.;ZF WA0FKG. WA0UVB, :
PVKTN HAv71Uk(*. r^Or.u. Dy ^n 324 V7H K2KDQ tren*.: WA^HKSflnflVVA0OWS. board rwmbri*. W0PB.
Hirrw M6,7Dnkr. Dv ;tt 1X1 |m WA2TB8 ut lliflwrttlia, helped provide h 2-mrt^r Mnirr nrruit
frrmi th^ hit port fit Hiawatha to thf V^t-I. (IrranJ
Now uppuintmrmt*: SV.UFUT ws EC f»r Bnvonnu anrj \-rrnrirv diirinft the homrcamTTiK Program for iriawatha'a
i trinity. WR2RUM a* EC for Cliftmi am) vicinity. Natl Gnardwn. WAOKDK mvi WAOJOO iiavr bcith
VVASTAF ftK OBH. WA2DRH m OPS. F.ndorj<PfTiPntH; l^lt tin- ,itatp fur rww re«id*!n^. Hay to WarrenMmrjv*
W X2IGQ ah Kr for Unhwiiy mtd vicinity, WAJAFfM » Mrt., titiiI Vera tn Hilver Onllar City, Mn, KatiflAN Hnjr-
KC: for PlainfiirM nut\ virinityT WSJD M ^ ut J, WHSWN f^nd
Z PM tor Mov,! QNI 798, QTO 100.
m w opr, Miliirrn the FuiHiiwn ARC srr* W \XBORT KPS rrpoit^ ONI 203« QTP IX, 18 The
pn-i.: \V\10LU. virp-ptw.s IVNIMKI., h-(v.: WSTW. 'IVi-flM« ARC ri^tM K0UJ, pxwi.; K0F9TT, vii»-
trw*K» WA2DNR, VVKh'KH, Wtttl>Kt;. UA2UEL t\fvl tuTH,; W0FXTT, M-ry,: W0TE, trnan. AUBC netivity
\VA2C?OM TiRitpd W1AW <Jwrm« th^ f^hristinmi vncmtiim. in '/true* f, 7 mid Iff still »re «*n h jnmd plane
\V8f?V\V iwl tmm h urmtrr (»rtiiw* to VW-lmiirt- K-ith enrh xnnr Imtinff QKT of AD-pllia fnr tb*
WA2BCT pwp«i tl^ Kxtm Olnaa^Hin. H->tli WR2RKK iM'Hith, PSMM— VV0HI K0A1 Rf 43 ami KOBXF 2s,
mid WA2DXB wen.' tmck in thr jH-tn i iucinp tlir KSBN it*prn^ QNI 1076, QTT (99. AH semcion». KPN
f'liriMtmflu brvnk. WAlVIt) «Viiitiratplare in thp rnii-nt ivpnrfr ONI t94;29'tfi: KPON 1409/770/1*; 1JK8
N.Y. QfiO Porty. W^MJH n-Mvnl hin K\trft Closw lin.'ftl 'fhfa itft sir lit I8 rn nrwl of rupiwutativw
[ironHP. WB21WH n>criv?d hifl nml W\H ami hn^ \f\r Mevrrat of ottr Urfpr ritiMft. kWN rmporta for TW,
u.^rkptl fi.WAhls his 1 >XOf. VV.V2EUO v^nitmc toi thr ONT nun. i)VC Xtf. 1060 totals in aa follows ((JNT'qTCh
hurt 3 QSTj* toftrpivrfor liif WW. WTWYPQ mHwl KSB\ «Kiii/ai)70: KPNT 2W40H; KPON IMIO'MIAt
tile NCX-3 fur N.Hihi WIWKVR »rnl WN21XY hiv ^i OKH 4436/2S25: KWN Wfl/fJW. TrarHr: (liec.l W0JNH
nr w J n t hi*r -fciii l-wn t r>n m in it nut wv, \VSKW7, \\ 449, it n WfWH 256, WAOLtX! HV K0MRT 133, WO MA 1«,
pp.tun^l to c ilntirT in thp (I.H. Army Rowe, WASOUt: IVWItTT 11», K0JMF 110. WA0WVN 107, W0CJQQ
in trvin^ out bin iutp kfynr, WA51FRZ h^ lii^ «f-w *R-200 K0RVF WUVITK «7. KOLPF 5fi, WflOPJ 40.
u.^kmtc WA^UFr, iiiiu- U (KtiTij! Mi^ K4H hm.I 'V4X, Th*IVAOOWH 36, W0rHJ 28, \V0H<*X 22, WActeHr, TR,
Wvst ,\*r*py HO ImWd wide jircirticc nn 14€I.h KOirvii 17, K0C2P is. worry 13 .wolyc 10
every Mem. at 8 P.M. WABKUX Jot>t hin lan#f xvine WA0ORP 9, XT0UGT. ». W0PR 4 WA0JOQ Zf K0KRV)
Wnnnn n ice i^tonn. WNtKWV iff on iA'if-li t l i r 2. r/Vov.> W0t(f 327t KOMRI 1?7, W0MA K0JMK
DXRD itmi HX-111. XVN3K.ll) nuw is ..ti Jfl, WV2F1V 79. WAtYffiK 87.
planning a hornnKr^w tr«nftmittp.r» WA2IlEf» the
Viivnni^il Hbjw e*nm. Truffle: r\Mr,) WA2BAV I7«. MISSOURI—Rolirrt J, Javier, W0HV-^KO:
IVA2KHK fM7, K2KDQ KSDSL 4W, WHftKRH 4H7. W0BUU New appnintmrnta: WAOYCN h^ r)W nref
wash hit also wi<awn> w. unyrwL 14». Kaogj 144, i)KH: WA0ZLU OBft MWN oniirtcftt^ tu
WA2Rlf.r WA2TRH llfl, WA2HKI JOB. WA3DQR HO. W\0YMH 1iml VVAOVJN, With deep relief I report that
WAIEHX B7> WBSRKE 58. WASBPT WA1TAP M. KOhML tit Brc»>krteld wml W0T^O nr Kt'kvillr tue
WBfYPQ M. WHAVNS5 19, K2DQT 43. W2UWZ it. Sifmt IfeVft. n<porta:
WSPKV 40, WASN'JB S9. WA2WK « f \V2fiVW 30.
WAkKIC W, W4Z2J Iff, WA2FI-T 35. WNfSKVH IK, N*t Tim*' ttoyt fir*. QNI QTC Mqr.
WiWBT in, KSMFX. ifi, WSDRV K2ZFI 5, WSTFM MRN M -
V F-F 14 ?11 9 W H BTTfi
WASBUO 1. fNov i WA2HH.I 3fl, VVWVW W. WBi- MnW i
H i
v i
Z Daily f5l IH t 117 K M E M*
VPIJ WR2RXK 20, W2DRV (CM.) WUYPfj MS. MnHSB 24 0H / M^t, 27 12
H 1 148 W 9RT O
WA2BPT 14. <*rpt.> WA2BCT MNN 7003 19007. V-Hat. \ViM)m>
MnPON 23002 M-fiat. 27 250 WA0TAA
MIDWEST DIVISION SMM <:KKA rtnn. WtfOUP
MUN" (MM Itetly :
< t 1HH 1W WA9RVR
IOWA—PCM, Wftynr JohnsnD, KOMHX-SKP: MnOD/rwaai.5 1400Z Alt. tftirL ^ 77 15 Kd RPK
KOtA'B. P\M: W0P99O. RM: W0LGG. OH8h? Wrt- Tiv.fOMT) 5 144 8 W A0KUH
IiCX, WOJAQ. W0LR, WAflMTT. Nrw ftppuiiita*: T
W 40PUJ nn OPS ^ml KDHZL Scott r 0t , W0TTOR Phwf-Tluw wiahing to Hfart a Hjnw-*pepr(ftoviernet Mhould
xhink Oo.. WA0TFV T/mn WAOVRJ flav Co> an write tn Harrv L. Moon», WN0ZT.P, Honfe 9. Box 487,
FiC's- WfltlOF linhtn! a cath^riiwr nf appr»nim:tfp1v 1ft Spnnrfield GASlH. Tlmne iiiterMtterf in renrtivatinfE the Ml*-
liAUifi to fonn n new clatli ia the Griniiel! nmt, WOKB MHii Teenav TVufRc Net M*hcx4 ^mt-not ^IHIr Uennntt.
tiwilr WAB four time* Inut j-tai1 hut ntill khviIm t*o VVA0YYK. Iltt Weat Oh WM Lamar 64759.1 Vinwuri
ennfirmHtinnfl. KOIftA TpfiirnrrU from se\>r«l werkft tr«in- mnatevira witc surprised to le^rn thnf th* Oenernl
iiv at kt, Gonlrm. Q*. WAOPUJ i? mnjonriR in foirstry [Cnnit/lUrd nn yo^
 Artuznbly, unknown ti« practically everyone, had ««limi- details Traffic: (Dec.) VV1EFW 406, WA1HOL 408,
nated call-letter licence piafeR in Nip la^t «4*inn. WAltUff? 203, W1EJI 1A7, WA1J7C 117, WlNBP 10ft,
Cunarutillations to WA0KFJ. who was recently married; S V1KUO 102, WA1GFH 66, KlEIK 59. WlOBR 40.
to K0QNU, who Was married oil Dpt. 20; to WA0YBB, V VIGVT 42, WA1LI-B 40, WA1GFW 2HJ, WIAW S7,
KIKXF 3n, K1YGS 27, WlMPW 24, W1HHH- 22.
who pawd the Genprai and Advanred Clara tpnta in one
session; to WPHTL WA0QIA and K0RWL on perfect WA1JGA WICU1I
22, WA3JSU/1 20, WA1JGF 18, WlBDT 17,
17, W1BNB 16. W1CTT 12. KlKIC 12.
QJVf ott MoPon in Dec,; and tu K0ORB on honorary
membership in the Society of the Smith Pule. Traffic mH 6WA1GWS 12. WA1HK 11. W1QV 8, WIYRK 8, K1TKH
VBliR Oi ("Dec,) K0OKK 1767, KOAEM JOB. WA0RVR '(Nov.I r WAJJMO 5, W1DQJ 4. WA1FXS 4, WKWE/1 2,
480, K0EOD 208, WA0EITK 121. W0BV 14a 132), VV'AlJMO2U WAIGFW4.
WftlKP 142, WA0VBI 101. KOHPH 77, WA0VJN 7ft,
WOOUD ' 69. WA0TXP 53, W0BUL 4ft (64), W0RTO 31, KAfflERN MASSACHUSirrTS—SCM, Frank
WA0TAA 25, K0ORB JH, WA0QIA 19, WA0WFN Baker. Jr.. W1ALP—W1AOG, aur REC, mmved report*
I*. VVACnVQA 18, W\0FMD 13, WA0KUT1 12. VVA0- tnuu W1IAU, K1DZG. WA1« T>Xlt IHY. Horry to have
YYR 11, K0WTZ 10, W0GBJ 4, iNov,*> K0NK 1712, tn tvi>ort the^p Hitent Keya: WlZR who waa 95 years
VVA0WQA 1, old, WAIBLA, W1A1J, WN1KTW w on 40 and 80 c.w.
WINF ban a new frequncy mnrker. The Houth fthore
NEBRASKA—BOM, V. A, Cashon. K 00 A L—SEC: <^1II1> had « ChrMmaa Party, Nrw Yf.c WNla MGK.
K0ODF, WA0ROP has oiy»ni*ed the Early Bin! Ptorm MER, MFP, MEZ. WA1MGC, W1IAU passed the Ex-
Net (KHflN) which winete the Mon. of wb month tra Claw nxatii. K1UMP hwl hin ham I hurt when the
and on days of inclement weather at 0630 CBT on 3983. orank-up tow»t rame down mi it, K2CIX i* living in
Norm would appreciate wpport. K0ODF ivpurta 318 So. n. W1AKY has hia Extra Claaa Vwnset, alao
ARKC member* at the year end, If you are 3Kit an WA1DJC, who has 4 new Novices at bia Hrhaul, New
VKKC member and wjRb tn join, aee yotir KC or writ* nffirw i«f the New England Chapter of the CXJTM:
K0ODF, W9CT, ex-W0EDT. plans retirement from W1DFH, chairman; WIKJ. vice-chairmun: W1ALT,
F A A and liis j hi urn to Nebraska *umi-timc» in 1970. «(cy«»treaRp 1V1KQJ moveil to WejTtkouth. W1KI1T re-
CVtnjfrahilationR to the following new officer*: HR*tin«K ports that the NEF/PN had 4 *p*cion», Wl <JNla. 6
ARC—K0FJT, pm.; K0MRH, vicc-pm.: W0LJO, trntfin, KMN had AO seu^iona. 286 QNIa 322 traffic.
M-ify.amut. Pine Itidn> ARC—WA0PIF, pi**.; \VA0- K1NFW w the hew RO for Melrose. WIJKR rnportn
FGV, vjce-pre»,: K0OPF, seoy->trea*. Pee. net reports: that the Bamyiird K«t had 47fi QNTR, 27 t.rRftic. Th^
Whitman RO hae 9 towera up at the club how. The
iW Frtq, ojfr fJavt QSi QTC tfpr* T9 RC met at WlTJP'a OTII, WIMGP r^porta the
NKNT 391« 4VUID Daily 127 W'MWY Fanners Net meeU unflat,P.'M. from 7 to 9. KlUm
NSN1I S982 0L30 Duly
\m
947 55 WA0LOY Imd n new HA4Q0 for B. New nffirer* of the So. Kaatem
Mehr LOO 1995 0130 Daily 751 14 WAfCBJ Hhav. ARC: WA1CRA, pre*.; WIATI, vice-ore^.:
MEBII X5WJ 0400 Daily Sy 20 IVA0HWR dlivrtorR;secy.:
K1VJP. WA1DHM, t m ; WA1FNM, K1TVY,
K1ICKC, triMce, K1VJP did a nice job on
BBKN 1230 fat Mon. 17 0 WAMlP thp ChriAtmas Prirtv. W1DOM and WAtJKJ are new
NMN 3982 llttO Daily 1120 95 WA0HW OBfti. The Cape way RC elei-ted W1Z8T, up «mr-:
WNN 3950 1400 M-Hat 012 51 W0NIK W1ANB, asst. gmtip mpr,; K1MAK. K1IPB.
AREC 39S2 1430 172 2 WtflRZ t m* ; K1HGT, certificate rhafrnian, W 1U O H haa a
CWK 1KKI Daily tub 154 WAfldtrz new trapped ^'ertifial antenna. WA1T0T< now in («enpra!
3082 2200 rhily 300 35 T»rar Clnm. New offim* of the Waltham RC are K1MON.
Traffic: W0LOD 258. WA0IBH 75, K0JTW UK, WA03OPp K I EW1JCT, M U , vice-pm.; WtLQU, *cy.x W1DDN,
rn, WAWFH* 65, K0FRU 4ft, W0AGK 33, WA0FGY/0 treaR.; thn P,0. N ^ t
dirertor, VVAlTJTi in pertvmzinit. N.C, of
on Sun. WA1IFK in alternate. WA1IFE
33, W0GEQ 92, WA0TTM 20, WA0HWR 38, W0VEA nwkcd W4-Land on
24, VVA0GHJ5 21, WA0BOK 20. W0FQR 18, K0ODF 18, S4iyH a lot i if liOOtleS.ggv K1MOX is uci 6 RTTY. W1NF
\YA0lxn 17. W0NTK 15, X0OAT, 14. WA0VPK 14, \vnfkp<l into WJULanrf oni-H un the nir, WAtnFT>
WA0PCC 12, W0RJA 9, WA0JUF S. W0RAM 8, 1-rnlmvtd: Wis BB. IAU.M^fcnr MNK
^catt^r. Appoint men**
f YYZ. K1WVW
WA0VJT S, WA0QE1 ft, WA0GAT 4, W0PHA 4. ECS; WU
W0HWO- i, K0UOW i, K0KYK 3, WA0RKT 3, OBR: W1BH ** tXl: \Y1PKX a* OVfU;' EDJ, IAU, OFK h» W1IAU na
W0EWF 3, WA0LOY S WA0MHW 3f W0YFR 3, DPR T71PKX, WIOJNT and WA11SYC1R»: K1CLM aa
WA0IBL 3, WA0NVM 2, WA0R7B 2, W0RGA 2, The Needbam Br. HfciARC in turningY<«< made the BPL.
t. a lot nf
WAttVMTrt, W0BFN t, K08VA 1. M^vim. WA1JKJ >h on ECTTN at. 2200 on 7290, The
HCAKH iR now on 3921 kc. YV1ACT visited WA1FHU,
K1WVW ia m Array MARS, WIDAT, ha« a 14A crt.irW
NEW ENGLAND DIVISION DXCC. W1BHV haa a Swan S00C and a Hastier
CONNECTICUT—80M, John AIcNaiwor, WlOYT- 'intpnna mobile. EM2MN had 24 aewnona, 360 QMs, 290
8EC: W2RHR. KM: WA1HBX. PAM: KlYGR. traffic. The 6 M*»ter Ooa^ Hand Net lied 23 wnhma, X4
VM.F. PAM: KISXF. Dec. report: 4 traffic. VVA1TMW is hmoming interested In ncta
find frame. TIip Quaonapowitt RA had Mr From speak
.Vrf Freq. Itoytt jw, QYJ QTC on "Microwave Communication*.for the Amateur." wl*
ON 3640 Daily I84A 400 holdR and
O .
U Y
regular
OFK urp bark on % The Framineham RC
meetings, WA1JMG haa hia General Ac-
CPN 3m M-81800 Son. 1000 31 416 125 tive in the greater NVw Bedfonl atva drill: Wis MC,
VHP 2 t4Ji.9ft 2200 2? 80 16 UfD, DTY. WAIa HNS. BAY, T>HM, Kla DTY, BJP,
VHP 6 50.6 M-8 2100 23 175 8 VMff, Prjblic jinnee Honor Roll: WA1JVL for Nov.
Hfeh QXI: CM—WA1GPH. VTA1ROL and WAUZC. for Dec, Traffic: rDee.1) W1PKXWta
ami nifc.i alao K1ERG, TTAIIRY.
7 K1
RTTF Htnl HKJ
. WIOJM 7JWr
MPN-WAlIiLR 31, K1YGH and W1GTT 29. WIDQJ WV1KYY A7I, WAIF AD 2fl7. W1QYY 188, W1KMG
37, KISXF 26. WA1HOL, WAIKMR and W1YBH IHfl. K1KSG m, WAlfJL 154. WAKRY 142. W1ABC
K1DGK WA1FXB 18. SEC WlH!ta v^ry hn*y 118, W1UX 118, K7JRT5/1 OA, WA1TFK 94, W1BPF
with the Coiju. Bf? pwijrrfim. All W> have he^n con- U'AUVr. HS, W1HKJ 7-V WAIJKJ 73, WA1JYY 70.JM,
tacted and your help will bo appreciated. New EC* are \Y1CTR SS. K1PRB WffiOM M. W1AOG A5,
liein? appointed where needed and nvttjlflhle. He Mirp WAIFHU 3fl, KIT/70 2ft, W1FJN 10, K1WVW 11.
theif is an aeti^ EC In y^ur area. Contact W111HR KIPTiM R, WA1DPX 5, W1MNK 5, KIOKE 5.
fAr information. Kutmett Net \retrt de WATH6N aprain WNTILTX 4, W1DAL 2, WA1FNM 1. W1BHV 1
ia weJT done andfilledwith important information. The
OA RA Newsletter und th?' !\hirphy Metwwe alao are
nlwava very informatn*^. All appointees: Cheek the Juti. MAlNfi^-SOM. IVtpr sterling, K1TEV-SEC:
CD Bulletin and lie hi ire to return Poll ph^etf Hinrvtr KTCLF. PAM: WA1FLG* RM: WfBJflL WWITjKG
tliHnkR to Mnrphy'ff \faratidera for a wonderful e%-eninp! haa mowl to hi^ new QTFT ia We»tbrook. RTTY ae-
nt \t* Annual Christmas Party Banqupt. AH tivify m the Portland area haa picked up quite a bit.
DX/Contest uperatora Rhonld he niHulieiti I The Nnvy The following are now active on 2 meter RTTY:
MARH 2-meter rppeater nn the air 34 hours every WHYAfl. W1GRX WA1JPK. K1TEV, W1PLB. K1PCJ.
day! The Conn, Amateur Repeater Organisation hopes K10YB. WAlKLft th thp «ir with a nw SR-150. 1
to have the new repeater station npH*ting Minn. Cnn- mut *trll lookins for news for tbia culiimn, NW hama in
taet WA1LLB (via CPN) fnr information on the c.w. the state nf Maine arr WA1MDR. WA1MRY*
praetiee Rtatfon project. Rai^hewera; The Fanoerfl NH WNJMGR, WN1MFZ. WN1MDC, WN1MDA.
m on 1810 ke. Rat. from 7 to U P.M. N»t^: KtTKR WA1MCT. TTA1MRD, WN1MEL WA1MEA,
now iit VAtHim. WAlFXR ir ^ettinir a full RATT WA1MBM. Welcome to tlie fraternity. WA1JFX is a
^tatinn. W1NFG how haa an HW-12.\ muhile, Cim- new OBfl. Th# Me.-N\TT.-Vt. Net is on 3*5*5 at 2330Z.
irratiiTRtiona to; WAILWD on Advanced C! aa«; The ^pa Gull Net meets on 8940 Mon. through Bat. tit
VVAtnor* on T>p BPL» also on l*iwr an award winner 1700. Interested in ho appointment? Tf ao. drop your
of the Russian CQM Contestt The New Publie 8er\'iee WM n line. WA1KVY is on with a new RR^160. Anv-
Honor Roll listing ir kvaitable to all-aee Jan. QST for (Continued eh page inn)

March 1970 95
one interested in starting a Novice i » t ? If M^ pleasa
liCr-t in touch with mp. Attendance at the PAWA n>wt-
injc* ha» piuLed up sharply with the whowpn* of weekly
Buck KfRer* trials, Tcafiic; (Dec.) W1KJU dttl,
WAIK^M 121, WA1KMJ WA1JKX K l W Q I 4«,
K1TM& 20, W10TQ 16, iNov.> W A U U M 34, WUtiO

NFW HAMPSHIRE—SCM. Donald Morgan,

KUjKH-rtEC: K1KWC. K M : KIHc'tt PAfirl: KIAPQ.
We *t>l<-nme thp following VVAIMKK f T i . WA1M7K
<Tj. WN1MFT, WN1MCW. i f s nice to not-? that half
<ii these an? yciimjt Iadips. The tttjPN rpjioji tor this
uivrtith hhowii 898 vlietsk-sna and 19K traffic.. The M N V
Vet report* 31 mummum, 234 QN1 ami 414 truth*- T « n
new arp KtBOR a* EC and W1BUT an Oi),
W U B bad two cprtiftcatpa t'ndnroed, uu and OTO,
W1SWX who wad hospitalized in Uee. ivportnd up
mid annual aaain. Members »>f the Manchester Kadio
Club, W1HFM, w I W I K I fliicvwfifl with their Chriat-
maa endeavor ''Holiday Radiogram." They displayed
and npemtpd from a *torr window in downtnwn Man-
chester. They had ft-*nd 20-met or * iUi. and 80 c.W. set
up. Kpporta oi this were mn^t gratifying, l i your rluh
ha« uewrs let's hav*- it. The Farmer* Kft, oti 1K40 kcP|
meet* nn flat, P.M. 7 tn v. This m-t wnit off the air
DP". 7. 1041, awl wa* rparfivated m Iww, Cheek in ami
ivmpmhpr 23 watts maximum power, 1«ntp report tnr
MNV (Nnv,i *H m«ioaa t QNI 136, traffic 133. Trathe:
KlflCS 1376, U U T T M 374. W1HPM 173, K1PQV
VVA1LEY Up KJQES U.

RHODE ISLAND—tfOM. John E. Johnson,

K1AAV SfcC; KILII. P A M : WJTXL. K M : VVIBTV,
V.H.K P A M : K1TPK. Elected ufltem in the W1AQ
Club uf flumford frir 1370 w r p W A U Y F . p m . ;
WA11UR, viee-prm.; W1DK, t w . ; KlUXt!, secy.:
with the fnlhiwiiiff erfiiMitteea: Building X I AAV and
W 1 V A C : Pwlrf Hay h l A M O and K l A G A ; Member-
Hlitp KIKYI and K I L I I ; I.ihnvrv W1PNH; QMj
IVAIirM and WAltCQ: Pulilicity WA1C\'P: A^ivitif*
K I H M d ; Trrhrjicnl W1KSU, The WlOP Club of
Providence Tvportx that ttie <'lnhhouse IM»w has mada
icpair* to the hratimr system through thp pffortn t>f
U ' I K K K tt'NIGLl). Ttic Huh uiU hulrl an HtWion \n
raw fundft for hnilrima a ^ipatrr, K1LPL arid
K I N K K aiv kith in tJu« Air F n w and *tHtioned at Ft.
Mnrnle, Md, \Vw Novioes in thp club are WN1LAD,
fffflMH) flnrl WN1MFU TIIP K1XQG of Crnni-
frm held ita Annual HaTn Had in tfxlubit »t thp Mid*
lf»nrl Mall and ^rit oner 300 from the dipptay.
Thp display iuHudprl pxhibit^ ^t' antique equipment
fmm thp N.B, Antique Wiwlpfw Mnwum, a Noviw sta-
tion, Advnneed »t^fion ancf n display or thp WuhV OSfj
tJanK Tr»ffic: K l N Q O ' l 318, W I V K Q XHl, XV1TXL
IBS, K1QK1) H3r WHiTV M. KiVVO 40, WH2nPW/l
K I T T K 17, K1VPK IB, WAlCXF WAIJ8T 0,
WA1KBJ 3, W1FLH

VERMONT—BCU. £L R a n a l d Murray, K1MPN—

,Y4 Ft&I, /Mir* t*t«r QTC

Or. Mt 3U32 M-S 2530Z 270 23
VtFonP 3933 Hun. I40TIZ W • i' WAlEDT
MMV 234 414 W1BJO
\TCD aoouVi ftun. 1600Z 26 in W1AO
VTra ttkftf SttD. 2300 73 28 KIB^H
VTSB H1KI9 liiliUZ 6U3 79 WA1H8Q
dun* IB»0Sfi

WHrnmt. tn npw Nmvw, WN1MCX fWaterbury O n -

ter) ami W N f M D B { K St. JnhTwiuiryi* Cu^to-ata tn
W1WTE (Rarre) on paiwji^ flip K^tra 0 \ m Wa
ivicivt that WA2ZLT » frlent KPV, Thanks tn all
Ktahon* who fcp)it the HAUES Nt-t^ aoiny during
the State wow eitierj&ney. Thprp'n atill time to in
thp QHCt Partv. 3 P.M. EOT Sat. PPH. UH to Ifl
P.M- KST Hun. Mar, 1. Give it a whirl. Traffic:
K1BQH 471. WAlGKri W l P B T 71, K l M P N 38,
WA1JGK 13, K1YGI W 1 W 2.

WESTERN M A S S A C H U S E T T S — I W c . v C.
Xwble. W1BVR-CAW R M : WlDVW, Under tha iiirpa-
tiofi of WAlDV'Ii, a ham Mtatlon wax m*t UP in the
lrnion Kwipml Knnk in HitMHd ilnrintf ChriMmaa
week. Oprratora w WA1K&E, WA1HIX, W A U U O .
WAlKVls WAUGQ, W1NBT and WA1CPD.
WA1DNB has het»i( promoted from KC m" Brirhprtuwn
to EC of Hampshire Cuitnty. V\v1FGJ la wnrkinie fur
WAS, VV1UPH is active in 3 phone W1XPH aa-
NPmhipd a Hpatli decade caparttancn box anrl huiJt an
audio frequency eminty fur R'lT^'. W l A L L has a new
^B-301 Tie-up with any fTriprgpnoy ^mmunieationa
outfit <>ther than A R A L doas not prevent any amateur
from aitpiiAa np with thp Amateur Radio Emergency
Corps (at least as a "limited" member). It. makes no
 diiferriKY wlier*» yrni operate. IV12JKC' is bu*y on iiux*
mtomitfi nets. VVN1MLP I* a new ham in Turner*
Kalk, WA1JCT, Willianibtown, is starting up iiu
>u».b. net to npemti! Mim, through FrL uo 3915 ki?. at
6:3u CW RM 1V1UVW n?purt» (hut WAIN had
15S ijNl* (hiring Ifefr and handled 106 tiu»*agex, Five
top bighs in attendance weie WIBVJI. VV1BFR, K1UV,
VIIHI and WHATF. The V»lley Aiiwtmtr Radio Club
held h iiunbira-d meeting and Christmas piuty at the
Cavalier K**tuut-iiut in Chicope*. It* April merttng will
at Civil J.Vfeiwe Area Hq. m Bulrhei tuwn. VVlCER,
ul .ViUtL Hq„ was the Dec. speaker nt the Jlaiupden
County Hadin Assn. Xt ia Kith n»gret that we report
tin* parsing of Alvin Hook, W1UNT, Also, uur ttrmpa-
thy tnftUFUAfor his remit Hampshire Ouiuitv
KC WA1UXH is a ri-al go-getter, He ha* a fine Hihc(i>
in ^ww /fcvtf i UCRA bullet jni giving rraauiw why Jiams
should join the Amateur Kadio Kmcigvucy Curps.
Trathn: WUSPH 233, WUH1 W1BVR K7. WlDVW
71. KIIJV 43, W1POJ tt, X1WZV 84, W1UPU 18,
WlPUtitt. WIHTR2.

NORTHWESTERN DIVISION
ALASKA—tfCM, Albert F. Weber, KL7AEQ—Add to
thw Alaskan hatus uhp lout their antennas during the
rewnt wind aturnis. Kl.TDCF/UWJ mid KL7GFT/QPU.
KL7FNL, J underataiid, has thmga rally worked mU
Mbiw put* up tli» antennas while Bob works the rig.
Tanaua wmn to be tha town with the greatest ham
population par capita in Alaska. KL7FPM has i
running classes uver then, and to data there ore night
hams licensed and nt least nix more coming up. For a
village uf 400, that's not bad, Kay, by fh* way, is
nrwntJy Advanced Claw and working ior that ul'
Extra. KL7C8R got a mouse aud sume bird* <m a recent
hunting trip. KE7FJW is the new hpcy, uf the YLRL.
1fl0-meter activity is increasing in the Fairbanks area-
Add KMtJi'T to the list. KL7AKQ/AZJ are currently
transmitting near 1902 as » usual thing, and listening
from top to Ujttora, The beat we have heard tn Hate
is KHffLJ. but hp no hear ua. Tn date have not heard
oven a peep fmm the Kaat Well keep plugging.
Traffic XL7CAH 17«.
IDAHO—HC3M, Donald A. Crisp, W7ZNN—The FARM
Nat convene* each Hay at 03DO GMT on 3U5 kc. The
Idaho RACES Net meets w*ek ctaya at lAla CJMT
on mi kc. New FARM Net NG& are KTCKls WA7GBM,
K7KBX, K7ElIiH, WA7JZJ, K70RA and W7JHM, Four-
color Idaho QSL cards arr available fw from the
Department of Commerce and Develnpmfnt, Idaho
tttatn Hotise, Boine, Idaho 88707. WA7EWV report* that
Lewi&ton area amateum arF inei-ting on »4u kc. WA7MMQ
and his eon, WN7NOM, are new ham* ia H'
.Uene- W7FTN has irurtalled a patch, K1MBH/7 haa
built a new home 30 miles t-n»t uf <\*Mir d*Alene,
The houMR is at the 3000-ft, IkvfJ, «ud being an avid
v.kf. fan John ia making plans for some lance »nd
2-meter yagi hettm*. WA7LJI/ r^cpived an OBB appoint-
ment. FARM Net report; 3H ftpwiuns, eheek^ins,
101 traffic handled, Traffic: W7GHT 375, K7KBX SMO.
WA7BDD 105t K7CSL 8, W7ZNN 7.
MONTANAr-SO M, Jowph A- IVAroy. W7TTN—HEC:
W7RZY. PAM: W7ROK Nats:
Montana Tratfo Net »tftu ke. UOOO GMT M-P
Montana Section Net kc- 1700 GMT Sqn.
Montana PON 3flS0 loo. 034ft UMT Daily
Endorsement*: W7LBK as OO/ORB/EO; K78VR as KC,
A new eallin Bwman ia WN7NUM. W7IIGO has been
appointed aa&iatant vzce-pres. of the Firat National Hank
: nf Koseniun. WN7LXM a new call In the Great
Falls area. W7LEQ U getting back or the air after
being off for ten years. WA7IIQ wan murned (n Koh,
K7CCK in putting a BG-fllO nn s.*,b. W7MKH is putting
a new 4-1000 amplifier on the air, 1970 officers of the
Yellowstone Radio Club are WA7FCG. pr*M.; K7VCA,
x'iee-pn*,: WA7KKN, secy, -tress. W7T«C is mi orith an
ftR^OO. WA7KKN has a new FTDX-4M. Traffic:
WA7IZR 73, K7KUJ 4tt W7LBK 28, WN7LXU 2,
OREGON—SCM. Dale T, Jurfiee, K7WWR/WA7KTV
—HKC; VV7HLF. RM: W7ZFJI. PAM: K7RQ7,. TVr- «efc
reports: WA7HKV repnrts for the HHN, nnrm aimons
SI, traffic 110, contacts 92, ch^k-ins 403. K70GQ rpporU
for the OSN, Maions S3, i^hock«ins OS, traffic 40*
K7YIA Teporte f»r the Salem 2-Meter Net, sessions 30.
traffic 1ft, check-ins 201. WA7FTN reports 4BX phonr
patches ixt H.bJ. Axia* K7ZQU is the new manager of
the BSN for evening aoMin*. Our thanks to K71KO fnr
a jub well done. W7AJN sends in n nice report.
WA7GCE *phd* in 1960 artivsties for the EARS Club
of Eugeneu The EAR8 practice net is hdd Mon. through
Thurs. on 3743 kc. at 0 P.M. local time. Bend n card to
WA7UCS to get on the roll. Awards are issued for rode
proficiency on thia IV7LT renewed as UK8. WA7QFP
report* lots of d-m»ter opening*. Traffic: fLtan,) WA71FH
578, K7RQR 673, WA7HKV 40*, WA7KDU 187, WA7ICX
166r K7QFG 112, K7NTB lit, WA7KTU W, W7ZB Ul,
MQUF W, W7HNH K7WWK 36. W7DKM 34, WA-
7KRH 30. 1V7BFX VV7MXJ 14, WA7JAU 13. WA7JMO
13. KTUW 13, WVllLF fl. WTLT 7, WTCPK (NOT.)
WTCPK 26,
WASHINGTON—WM, Hiury W. Lewis, WVJVJ—
C/ntil early winter W7BQ attended computer school in
Spokane, VN7BZA took a vacation this winter by hitch-
hiking through Washington and Uregon. lip dropped jn
to « WA7JFX. of RYlao, among others. WTKQE, of
Vancouver, Wash,, in looking for 2-meter c,w, aignals
duwn at the very low end of the hand. VV7Z1W is busy
getting the near hartnuuic used to the rig and iff now
bark on the *ir h little more nften, W7KZ and W7P1
lend their support as QNH stations whenever netted,
WHN net mgr, W7AXT is lining up new station*. The
Radio «?luh of Tacoma awd the BKARS Club of Boeing
entered the Content HS «n inter-club content with a
trophy being held bv the winner. The aggregate Calmed
Mrnre of f he Tnwmft Hub wa» A2d,807, far ahead of
Boeing with 208.446, WA7BSCJ in the HtiARti pres.
WA7ACQ and K7ANP are active in teaching a radio
HUM for tl* HKARfl. W7JWJ is teaching a General
theury course at the North (tattle Community Oliege,
The BEARS search and rescue operation group was
active thia winter with WA7JBM, WA7MJX* WA7AWJ.
W7RJW, W7CJL, WA7GNC, WA7UXI1. VVATUB't) and
WA7GYD participating, reports W7RJW- The Spokane
Dial Twister* has -shifted iU net frequency Hllghtly to
avoid QRM. Look for it Sun, night* nti 3915 ke, Another
enjoyable hamfeat will he held thia winter wt the ijnay
Motel in Vancouver. The Atlimrton Hamfeat ii coming
up in April. The Radio Club of Tarntna again i* apunsor-
ing Hie Washington State Hamfeat along with the
WARTI* Net n* m^ponsor and is looking for other clubs
and neta to assist is making it another hrg one. W7UJW,
yp n|f» franker Barrel Met, ia planning an unusual type
of hamfeat. for members of the ni*t. They wSl fly to
Koloa Kauai, Hawaii* to the hotel nf KHflBAfcJ, who
Is planning a big Luau for Cracker Barrel members,
wives vinil friends. Traffic: VVTRA 1805, W7DZX 1046,
W7EZ m, WA7KOH M, W7PI m t \VA7HKR 388,
W7AXT 316, WA7LMO WA7FXB 14*, K7CTP 1(16,
W \7LOT. 92, W7NWK Oft, W7JRY AS. W7AP8 69, WA7-
4ft WA7KEK245, IV7HQ40. W7BUN 36.
W7JWJ 34, K7TCY 84, WTTKtt W.\7AC^ 07, W7FQK
to, W7AIA SB. K78UX WA7TJX1 WTfTflO
WA7TtFP 14, WA7BBJ 11, K70KC 11, K7WTO
WA7HHJ 10, K7YF,fft,WA7B1>B H% W7IJWTfl,WATOVB
7, WA7M3EO 6.

PACIFIC DIVISION
EAST BAY—SOM, Panl J. Parker,
r r n c offlreni ftr»« WB6TKE. prw^j W(URV» vtce-pres :
WA6BJI, KAMKQ, tT«as. A eperial note to aJl
fhnee who grt their Q8L cards through the 6th Are*
(JSr< Hiireaii; It is now QHL Bureau, c/o N.O. HX Club,
P.O„ Box 11. Alfoa, CJulif, All new envelopes Should
be to them. Send only legal aixe H.A,8.E„ pleasa,
Hav» you thouirht about Field Day vet? Don't forget
the combined Paeine/Honfhwestern Division Convention
to be held in Fremo at the Hacienda Motel May 15-17.
Make your reservations now. There serins to be *»ino
confnsion "till about rail Iptter plates for hams. The
haina are being charged the enormous rate nf 120.00.
Believe it or not. we better start sanding sume QKM up
to Rseramento or we tolgtit lose this privilege altogether.
IVAfiJUD, JLO and JLF all plan tn be in the Annual
33rd VHP H.8. Listen for the new <X>ar un TfiM0
and 144.05A hfc. There apeui* to lie a big question in
everyone1* mind about the (Jreater Hay Area flarnfest.
Is it dead or nlive and what is it going to be like this
yenrT There is a eontinual offering nf new prospective
hams forradioHub populations printed monthly in the
CVRX1 etrcle. Clubs looking for people «honld look
into this mmprehemtive tnonthly lint, K6HZH joined the
flilent Kevs after a long illnem. W60TP * working
21'Me. skeda with VB2EK. WB6AMB is working on
antenna H for atrial I «puces and has a ground rod burying
machine that really ^mx to work, WB6BNR has a
new HW-100. K'6irtVE is moi-ing to Richmond. K6UMI
reports that he in able to aufL. a little Asian down
on the bottom end of 40 meters at 6-7 A.M. W AAPTT« ia
getting a new Nation and is mnving. K6LRN reports
nerng artiva in the recent Rfl hut forgot to t*nd In his
loga, W6TPW report* that the family Oliristmas scrns
Mits iuto the traffic routine. WfiOBF is back fmm the
Orient. WB6NMT/6 is a real v.h.f, enthusiast.. IVaific:
• Dee.) WA6DIL 476, WBfPW M t WOVZK 13. K6DMI
W6ZF 6. (Nov.] WA6TOL 303, K6LRN 4.
 HAWAII—£ CM, !me R. Wfoal, KH6BZF—SEC: KHfi-
GQW. R M : KU6ATX PAM: Varan*. QSr, M*r,: KlloDQ.
KBT6GPQ. KHtfGLO', KHftRAST KtTAtiKV. KITtf-
OKI >r KX6FT. KCftGJ and WrUZH/lCGO. RACEH Net*
^ o r d i n a t e with KEIOAIN.

ffdjc JVft?. {Jf a j T i w fOtfT) /lap

Friendly Not 7.380 2uauz M-F
Boy Swiut Ilam Barfio Net 2t.3«n 1K00Z Hat.
PsnKc fntenalsnd Net I4J3U 0S3Q&S M-W-F
S.E. Aaia Net 14.321) 12m All
Marjsnai islandt Net 3.85(1 CtiBQZ 2,3,4th Tnea
Pacific Typhoou Net During Typhoon Alerts.
IWuaion Net
< Phone htehes'j 91,400 mm All
Hecko talandsi I4JUA 100075 Thura.
Pwifie HX Net 14^05 060QZ Thurs.
Marine Corps Net 71.MI 1VUD2 All

I t is with flwp rv^TFt thaf. \vr record the paving t o

Hilent Keys WfiQNV/KHfiRTT, former SCM and
friend. KHGGHC/9 reporta he'd signing WWKSPi KH6-
DUE Advanced Olaaa, KHOOHQ is hack home vaca-
tioning tram the U. of Colo. KHfSAD has been native mi
U-Mc. KHflFF is un with a new 8/Line. KKrtAO/-
C2t write* t h a t hp had « jiir* visit vritlt C H J W nnd
hia X Y T j Bettv. K O Q 7 P now IN AITPING KH6HDH. FIX-
KllffKW-i;), jvpurta that he's still studym* a t the II. of
Ala. in Birminahftni, E?-KW0EJ now is aianinjc KCflEJ
nn Fouane. Ex~KHflFIF now Ik wgnioa W7GKP at the
rr. ,.f Montana, Den. visitor* at KHflGQW'a included
VSGBF from Elnn* Kcmjr and KHQNR and family. Jim
m aow signing WWZK in C t f m i o . KHfiCJIB h a t left us
for WK-Laod, The Honolulu D X Club meeting tnok
place at the home of KH0CQW Dec. 3. KR6NR wm
the spKial sueat. Those present were nhnwn the ARRL
film, The Ham's Wide World also then* were tapes of
the Kune Inland DX-padition, humorous records, slidee
of Kure la, and a surprise presentation nf the ARRL
DX 7 W 1069 Oceania Winner, both phone and
to K H F I G P C J . Both operators from the Kure Is. opera-
tion. K5LTH/KHQ&DB and KHW1KV# preswrt t o
natrata their didee. Keep thoae Form la coming,
; Traffic: KHflBftF flA. KHflLP 56. KilftGQW KUB-
' ORG 15, K l H K O f K B * 10. KH6BAS 4, W7TJZH/KG9
1, KKbAD K KH6GHC/91.

N E V A D A - t f C M , Leonard M- Norman, W7PBV—8BC:

WA7BT3U. The National Office of Ancient Accepted
Order Myatje Hhrine (AAONM8) would like all members
who HTe amatrnrs to notify their recorder of their ham
call. The A R R L nilor movie was shown four times cm
TV mi'I ftne «<hfMi1 *hrtwing io the Laa Veca* area with
K7LBQ making a video nnpy for additona! rTawroom
RiinwiMjc*. W6RAY/7 is m longer mobile from Jackass
Flatta, fpr tiie humnr. Tfie WTDDB J -
meter f.m. repeater haa been n-plaeed hy the W7AKE
j-mfter f^n. repeater^ providing better c"vpr*«* from
Mt. Charte^tnn. Some very conatmctive rritieram was
received regarding Ne\-ada'a Fir*t QIFtO Party, K7ICR ia
bark in Nevada and active on 40 meter*. W7C&B ia
rattled to hi* new UTH Ttinnioc a new riac. K7ICW.
K7KOK anri WA7PSP rppnrt m n a i d m b t e mdivitv on 6
meters, VV7BBV ia r e p o r t s on the aide (wi, W7VYO ia
an pipert nt> HAIR. W7YDX reporta iocreaaed activity
in the Ely and Klko nrpaa.

SACRAMENTO VALLEY—SCM, John F. Minlce, Tib

WflKYA-KTV KflRHW, waflMlT. WAfiTQJ. R M s :
UTALNK, W W D A ' l We can assume the t n w a s e in
tir*ti\'ify ainre the tu'^iDnincc <<f the w a r ia due t o the
w w 5-hand WAS. Chert; in on 3030 or 3043 late at
night and voa may pick up m*nv stetea. WrtVT^Z h*»
been intay workinfc on a 10-wutt home- hrew riir for 40
Wl mpfprn fn»m a mtistnieflou artirle in the Fnh, W
inaiie of QST. ^peakiruc of old iiwfeN nf
hrr^w.^r throiivh thoae \wi\c issues? Goinc back to July,
1946. when W6MGC war ACM and the Philippines was a
*«tion of the Pacific TVivtstoti, the Rarramenfo Amateur
Radio Club claimed a membership of 1151 T h a t
sbotit four times fhe ntemhership of todav, Tn those
iluva the d u b met at the Rontli Hide Park (*hlh TToiw.
Also in that taw wbs a latter from an amateur who
griped nt«mt t h e the tirst letter in t h e suffix of
liis rtrll. It ae»?rrird t*hi»+ others thoir^lit him to lie a boot-
Ioyirer,k4
Who would ever dreern of the day when " W A "
>IMI1 WBM umild be iMteti, not to mention a - - K M for
Continental Ufi, WttsTTX, of the Nevada County ARC,
iiparadrd htmarff to General Claw. The Tjeague'a PR
Film, "Hntit'* Wide World." was shown an KCRA
Channel 3 tn Dee, The rlnb station at Chleo Ktate
College, has been reactivated and plans both
r j v : and ^.-tivi^y AO through JO meters. Traffic?
WALN2 74, KflYZU M t W6VUX 5.
 S4N F R A N C I S C O — H u g h . C u i d.V, \Y ABA I'D—
SRC: VV6WLY. The rums M<»imd tJif- tind of the year
lirimpclit minm tifxxlmp hut tliepn iv** rin nrnd to activate
thp emergency rinr>JMtD lection* wlilcJi functioned in na<t
emcrg-nci** in Humboldt and Sonoma Counties, IVB6GVI
liHh ivturned troin nre in the Navy and ui&ui i*
ru:tiv« in the Humboldt Amateur Radio Club, being
t-h-cted wcwtreaK K6ZWB ha« the duuomn Cnuzity
AKtiC hiding drills on iH.li Mr. the Ut nnd 3rd
Mori. at A mi. local time. Chci4-ins aiv invited. Wfl-
HW V virutiTiiiw h> hnmlTe trtdftc pud participate in
flip I'tiurwriny rvU threUEli hi* time i* limited* WttPAX is
u hmmd San Franci*co outlet in the Northern California
Net. WqEAJ is working on *mie M*UI-Ktate transmitter*.
fWNM is »in-kiri£ on his lUtrn I-law Irreuse during thp
hrenk* froiri his law studies. WA6HYZ5 finished up with
HPL tor Dec., making a. lull 12-month BPL for Joe in
IWW, tVBWIA iiiwi nad * *»lid rword m iWW with MM
S W rvpnrt w r y tminfh nf the year. U'OENA, W1BUY
HiuI W6RQ active in the Telephone l^oneer*
Mmty, IVflKVQ continue to vnik mi hia Hiitennu *y*tenie
rit his f\HVurrn QTTT mid i* expanding Htm activity In
the hither frequencies KfiCWS m frlmfctopol, hecsuue &
Silent Key in l>ee. it iter n long illnea^ The Tamaipais
Ifndin Hull held its insf filiation dinner in Jan, a
turnout. Mv appreciation i? e\prew*d to the faith-
ful PPporM* ttlin t|*\r nni^CftMl MJ wi'll in past rears.
Traffic: WA6BY5& m . WfiWLV 1*5, W6KVQ 142, WefiWV
SVA6AUU IK, VVBQOV1 2.
SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY—KCM, KaJph tfaroyan,
WAJPU—It's time to make reservation* to attend the
I'srihoi" Month western th vision Convention* tu he hpld
here in Fresno, May lSr Jtftl*. Hend your iitqitinns to
PARC, P.O. Box 7S3, Fresno. The fVntxal OnliU
Mingle-Sideband Aum. ;tti<j the Tufa re C'onntv Had in
Onh h#>iH their minimi ChnKtmas Hnrty in V^alin, with
C>7 in attendance. The Madera Amateur Hadio flvh JuiLd
dfi Christmas Partv mA had M in *tti<n<!itacr. W6WWT
iH rin 2 - n ^ r r f.m/KrtZN.T hm< h Hwnn m WK6CUX b
h j\ew hain. K6CZL now Rt AHRU }Iq. WB6JHL m
taking Hying lessons, W6V8J in jtow lucided bark hi
h'rrnnn. WBiiOVW i* v^vrkinff with ilmxlrm. VVAQPRU is
un 2-imrt^r f.m. W6BWM iff f«n 3-mpter f.ni, WOfiTW in
uurkinp on a W-fti tower, WAtfDPD is active Mn 3 and
» nihtem. WOJUK haw * 'tfiuuderhoft ® A 2 Hiuplilier
WB4JQII is ev-W\8FF.I, W6CH<K i«-tivp n« 7J5
The Mudnrn Amateur Hadio Club w o t s the tint Tue.
i«viiy monht m tl«s i.Wrt House. The Vrrwirt Hadio
Club meets the 2nd ^ri. '«f Mvery mrmth in the HGtf
Huilflinff, The Baker^Geld Club meets the 3rd in
H>e N H V V station hinlcliaft. lYalBc; WAtfSCB 173. K4K0L
ISA. VVA6JOB
SANTA CLARA \ ALLEY—«3M, ,\lburt Onetqno,
WBVZT-.^hXlr WHV2E. ItM: WA6LFA, VT6AIIC ban
been keepitur *Lih\h «tfh KiiPK/MM aiui ftiuzirnir phone
twtcheri to liiri XYL. live nt WUVX, the Stanford
Univi^mty Hadio 0(uh. have been doing nome work cut
ph*fti»i£ Z forty hniintt. WAfluXR han w Aloflri
KTTY in ou<mtion on 2 mpt«*. Kd >ttso ji^t inin-
pletpil a 432-Mc, rene^er and transmitter for refn-ntpr
Tv-ork on that hand. VVHZRJ baa iMiuailet^d th#» a ^ m h l v
<-t an HW-17 whidi vmrkfl bne. WAflOTK has been
rheckinic m to NON nnd I believe he is getting the
traffic* h u t ^bat. a nm rid tabic WArtLPM liad u SSB6,
Aiiothet ZaA, a K4, a WS and a YV3. If von fellowa w«nt
to ihiprmt! your rvmembcr that W6ZRJ and
\V6PMK buth are itvndinjr r^fdo praHim un A59D
t-verv night, of the u^ek, VVflZltJ from 7 4A to
HH'r 'i tip. through Thniw, vrhile W6PM1C is Man, and
FrL and a^ter ftiflfl on the uf the week night*
\VnVHT iuto put a 2-iutfer monopoly vith gmimd
pJan«i up ni\*[ ift mow hn<-k un 2 mi*terfl alter many year*.
It Stire WH* nire to fienr nil the traffic on tlie riets tor
the moiitli of nnd to nhwrvp hon' well the net a
handled it. The tttdinas Vatlev Hadio Club btartn it*
tiumfhly mppting with fnHe praetiea for fiftenn minutea.
HowHk like a good idea. Traffic: WAfiOXR 4m, W6RRV
i m WA6LFA 3B4, KttDYX WA6GTE 1W, "VMAl'C?
101. W6KW M. W6VCT H4 WbBVB li, W6BPT H.
W6ZBJ 6,

ROANOKE DIVISION
NORTH CAROLINA—SCJf, Calvin Hemiwy,
VVA^ITQP—Ai^t. SOW: James O. Pullman, W4VTR.
SEC-: W4BVN* HM: W41UKL MM? V4AJT. \Mi.P.
PAM: W4HJZ. Kpw officers uf the iiowan Amateur
Wadio S o ^ t y hi** K40HR, pres.; K4PXU, \ice-prea.:
K4YYJ» ?ecy.-treaa. The lnti>rhtata Tfenai^ Net meets
eveiy Fri. at 0130 GMT 3S74 kc, K40U is working
hard tor AB DXCC> He also has a new M-ft. pole.
W B 4 0 R T mots be on d-mrti-r *«l*haad. W B 4 M U
jmni he Hijov-il the T w m p w e ijKO Party «n SO ami 40
f WB41LO *v»tirmi'd three new Hp ia
piunriin* hiiil'J n 40-nWpr win» beam, W4UTK i*
now uix 2 merer*. WH4JTT, W B 4 C K L ttmi W B 4 P U H
|iabsp<j tfip Advanced (1aM exam, T h * N,l!. Potip "opt
.^*rti*| I W , 1 m . it n»wf* on 3W0 fcc. nt 013U2
flail v, W4KFC env* p fine *u1k t,> tlut Jtalfigh Amiteur
Hwlio Hf>i-jety und thev h.ii| 11 irut ir<>oci attendance,
WA4VNV wA hw Extra.

Vrf fti^ Vi*u Dov* flW Vfr.

IM\ riXB. Whig limly WA4KWC
WWA.) 5573 OAJOiS fkuly f» IVIIRK

TmJfie: ll>er.» W R H C F 144. WJRVNT 2au, W 0 A V 8 / 4

1TO, W4TRU M . W U l i i G T SS. W R 4 M U 7». W A4UMC
K 4 V R O -W. kdiTClA/4 A* K i M C 44. WB4JT.O <19,
\VH4HG3 V f U l i P f , W. W A 4 V W !U. VVA4AKV 1A,
IX, WH4RGL IS. W 4 W X Z 10, . W A 4 K W C 7,
i r u c o c ' ft, u'4wv\i> 4, (\ T «v.i W4Trjs u i . w a 4 v \ t v
24, \VH*rLO 31. W B 4 B G L JT.

S O U T H C A R O L I N A — H O M , OlmrW ftrigM,
\V4PKrv-SKC' \V \4ECJ. PAM: W4VFO, KM:
W A 4 0 W Y . The meiwr the nud X C N took
plnpp jti Jan<

(TnMlinaNct 5U73kn. Daily HMflZ/TCWW Dpr.Tfa.

SfVKBN 1916 kr- liaity Dec.Tfr, 1<M
?wsa kr, 1)830 aTirf l XU) fiST Una. 13 Noon Daily.

W4JA wsa in the li«*pit*J Iw l u r , hilt r p o o v w f

with two wh'Itk ut Hilton Tfoi'l. From ^partnnfrnr*.
W4NTO ivpurt* !d*h ??h«w.lrr* WB4KPN' unit
WB4NNY now hold AHvnnwt CJIbsp l i m a * * ; WB4TAI8
\mn jnn-n spnrtinsf H tors* finnf
K4JJUX in ahiwt tn tr^rt-hop iiix Jjomrbrrm .inil
liromip^ to hnrk i n *hp ftir W4VHH vnrknrl
\V0(iKH in Minnesota on Mrpffpr for in* tfAth
mi J 11intern. K4H86 ntnl W4PKT) nuftlifir<| Mr tfir
new PnHic Wprvir* trnrmr Koll nTinminml in .Itan. QS^.
Manv itmrn of t ^in eliaihlp. i 'hwk th#
Tlip n-|jiirM t e w r vtith montli, <3H t h w Hub
h u w « r ni-hH in rMmte >*onTHe1ft TruffU1:
I f t B W 120, W4NTO 45v W4t"KO 23, K i O ^ U |R( W4JA

VIRGIN14—HfTW, ltohPTt J, S t a c k K4GR—Awt.

flOMs ALhnt R Martin. Jr., \V4T*U\ WA4MK1,
.Wt. WB4CVV, PAM: W40KN T . KAI»:
WA4BUT. K4\ILC t W W I I Kotiowl ^n thp Harffaff
Time* umUr tin- 5 1»!wt. thnf * tew
twtorp A l U t L PrMiil*'nt MfiTvm in:innnpr1 fo «imia1 i;ht-
eniri. frmu HsirtfriiNj rmd v.hh h^nnl! Ph-nst^l fn mii-
(irmncp thflt W4TP V hi'" <\tn*cith-rJ to hack cue i»f um
W 4 D M ^h^intPfl lun 1 >nrf nn 40 imri in
i^im-prtmff Hit v<f*rtmmc r. K4TiFIF in trylnn tu
get tliH «ntiw riR m ^ n i h l i K ] , \V4T.fF/3 hnn h fre-
tfiiuncy <tiimtpr that rfiecta m ilnu-n t o <uw <'*<*1p nn<l
mpWp 1 O O m « rwult. W4SQQ thmu«h
^Twlly fnr BPI, thta mmifh. Also thnv impw«iiv»
totftU Imm WB4P.TIC nmJ K4K1>1 runhiilHrmc thp Minr
"per*tor at hnth. SKO WA4PBO orrruiiwM Virginia lor
th^ WKf^ IV4ZM tanilud linni nn Hauta Claiut, W 4 Y Z C
rptx^rtH ^nfjil T>X"imr wifh * vrttim\. Our Dirwtor,
W4KPO. Kliile <n«PrAt.mfc PJOCW win instnimptifaJ m
setting a MfH^ial tirnjf frf>ui Wanhtafrtoti t o O v l o u for n
.Kiti^iIIV ill w t i M i f ; hp viftitnl flip UaifiinL A f t f anrt
rhf^ Triant<lp T^O. W4JUJ imw hsw I^Rl r o i m t ^ t

VHBN 3<I35 fi and in p.v. HKT Daily

VFNT M4T 7M fcS^r D^lv
3 W0 ff;30 P.H. KfcfT llailv
VN 7:(p0 r . ^ EST Daily

Tmflfr! ( I W . J 1VB4FJK 391, W4NI*C 34D,

K4R3CP WB4CUVY 33ft, \VR40TS« 1«n. W4FQ 1W,
W4UHA J » , K4K1>J M t WA4KIIL W7WAT/4 *4,
\V4TJF'.1 WA4JJP W R 4 1 W H ST, V B 4 F D T An.
4>1. VV4ZAI 43- K4QR 41, ^VA4PBO 4«« K4\1T^?
32. W4HBB 20, WJfflM W. W4/.VT WB41RA
WB4[^V W4YZC 17. W4JTTK 1«t K4JM ll,
WA4WQG 10. W4TITV K4\TOY WA4NJO
K4SDS a. WA4TFZ S W 4 K X J, W4HTK 6. W4KW?
W4JHJ mov.V W4DM 34, K 4 \ f i r i 3Q. W ' B 4 m ^ 1*
K4HTCJ3. \V4rtP2. K 4 t * F 1. (Oct, I W B 4 0 T S 4 1

T h e Poat Offirc D e p a r t m e n t promises faster mail

s e r v i c e w i t h t h e n o w Z i p l'i'hI^s- U s e y o u r * w h e n y o u
w r i t e r^H^dP H w i q u a r t e n j . rfae oura, t o o • I t ' s
O0111.
 VIRGINIA QSO PARTY
March 14-16, 1970
All amateurs are invited to participate in the
Virginia QSO Party, sponsored by the Roanoke
V alley Amateur Radio Club. Virginia stations are
urged to work us many out-ot-ntate station* as
possible. All contacts will be made during the
32-honr period from >800 G M T Saturday
March 14 to n2U0 G M T Monday March 16.
There are no power or time limits. 'J he same
station mav be worked once on each different
Tiand. The general call Is CQ VA. Virginia
amateurs residing in independent cities will use
d neighboring county in contest exchange and
wiJJ use that county throughout the contest.
' Maximum vuuntie*—96,) Phone and cw will
be conbfdered separate cuntesta, lequiring sepa-
rate logs, Virginia stations send CMO number,
R S ( T ) mid county. Out-of-state stations send
number, K S ( T ) and state, province or country.
Virginia stations score one point for each com-
plete contact, including those with other Virginia
stations, Multiply the number of ( j S u points by
the number nf states, provinces, countries and
Virginia counties worked. (Do not count Virginia
i a state or Canada as a country.) Out-of-state
stations likewise count one point for each com-
plete contact with a Virginia station. Multiply
the number ot QSO points by the number of dif-
ferent Virginia counties worked. .Suggested fre-
ttuciicta: cw 3360 7060 14060 21060 2*060. phone
W 0 7235 14240/14340 31310/J1400. Highest
c o r i n g stations in each state, province and coun-
try will receive a certificate. Virginia stations will
compete for Ist-Sth olace certificates. show-
ing dates, times, stations contacted, bands, mode,
location and final wore miu»t be received no
later than April V), IV71K Send logs phis an
addressed 4 x W envelope to; Kognoke Val-
ley Amateur Radio Club, 110 Union Street, Sa-
lem, Virginia 3415J, attention Van A. Wixnmer,
WA4BIX.

WKST VIRGINIA—£CM. Donald B, Mnrria,

IV8JM-WKO: WJKV. JtMs tt hKHBG. I ' A I U : WHIVU-
CUCUff, Phom Net Mp\; WB8ACJK. i W -iHi«-ih nt
Opequuu ft/id >o Socirtv of Martbiahwn urr
KVKULi lire*.: WXHIJUF, iivh,; KHOVG.'" recv.-
trpRS,: WASVIITS. »rt. m W A x N D Y fl>pt»rta that
U'AftttVlf, VVSHZA, WA4LFIY, K S T F P . tVHVVKJ trad
WAtiKUX whi* Ncstivp during thf» ivoent Hn^H*.
WBHBBG la fhp iinl to quality tor th* Public Servirv
Honor Roll (PSHH)i KnntHannnn AKU » *t-
tPndi'd th* tilkina ARC Dmm-T Meeting. \VA*TVP n*-
pnrr* tfu> fiaimwIiH V'hIPw AHEl* Ni-t i* <«u tit 0000
G M T mi 2*740. The WVK Phone tf't wpnrM 31
Mdii^ .1L4 station* uu<\ 140 m w a ^ 'Hie C\\\. tffcl
rMpeirfu IS w^iofw. 'iso fetation* mitt] 110 uummhqp*.
IVSKV, fflrlG r/nrk, is m-tivr en frFqiniiievv mea-
-iiring. W*MIfi and KSQYG aru VXmg vn |flo.
WMK'PK fctvpi in touch v.ith hom* from Florida hv
stain with Iifr son, WA8NWN\ VflNTV is u long
t n p f " HIP Wpwt Coafc-t hv trailer, '*pmfing 75 twl So.
P l ^ w k ^ p iTip (hikW on yuiir -V-hund WAR \v<->rk;
nNo n»txirt> yon* rn-dit* tnr PsHK luting*. ' I V W«»t
Virginia A R R L Convention will W> held July 4 and ft,
. I n r U V * Mill, s;i*h KhBOF hh ili«Frmnn. \WDFO r^-
poitH SO tun-filM ^ t M in niimfi'iir mdio. WHALK ih
i .Mi vp j urn in aftrr an illnom. T m ^ r ; WHHHH<v 1(14
WAHPOS* 174, W # K 2 l WAaNDV W.VKZZT 1S5,
! WSCKV 1Q, WARKQH IK, WAKWfK U, \VA^\VL< I4 (
\VAKY«B 14, KSHID 12. \VA«LI<W 12, WHXAKU
\\ KKAVIJ 7. WHUUV 7 WA«KIfil 7. WSJM 7, W'SWEJ
7, WXMBOTT 7, fi, WAKlINT i W A * F 7 P
WA8TYP 3. WBSAPJ 2, KHMNU 'J, \V«KNCJ U
WHIJEC h K^KVY t, Ji*QYG 1, K.HRXW 1, "W5TGF
1.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION

COLORADO—SCM. Chnr^n M. C«ittcn'lL W O r t X -
\pj|l VnrriA KOTIV, SKf": ft \OfTT«Q.
m i : WGI.fiN. PAMs VVOCXW. WOOWP Trill hn
l^ntinjr nf'fT Hlrtfit^irs' jlih^n-stM iff thf* fttatf"
Inttiir thm y^ii, U'OGIL tmrt U M\ft:t Onsa;
nliv* C1»»h 1 On. K r KOFT-Q W a l"t /it w y hTt«
HmatHtir* hrlped llic OAP thh uionMI. Welenvne l ^ k .
K08PR. Now OPS: WA0SUD. WPWYX report* lots
of snow oa Squaw Mtn, beep* the enow plow with
mobile busy, Colorado has a new repeater on Lee Hill
north of Boulder, W0IA. W4APR reports some S-meter
openings, as does W0WYX. The Denver Radio Club
will have a new Colorado Mam Directory, Why not 190
meters? Several of ua will be on 100 soon. Will try for
a section net if euough amateurs are interested* CCN is
back in businese with a total QNI 173. QTO 107 with a
time of W minutes for 88 eeesions. The Hi-Noon Net
reports total QNI WO, QTC 1M. time 105ft. 31 sessions.
Columbine had 93ft QNI and CjTC of !M with time of
1A54 for a reported >4 sessions. The Rooky Mountain
Division Convention wiU be huid at Estes Park June
11-14, The Denvw Radio Club has the details. Write
Rich High, W0HEP, chairman at 749 Galena St., Aur-
ora, 80010. Traffic; (Dee.) W0WYX WA0MNL 117,
K0JSP 130, WtfLRN 75. WA0HUD 74. W0KFH 00,
K0ECR 3«t K0TIV 28, WjMIN 34, K0BPR J4.
K0MNQ SI, W0BWJ 17, WA0LVM 12, K0FLQ 11,
WA0PQM W0UA.T 7, (Nov.) WA0MNL 104,
W0KFH U.
NEW MEXICO—BOM, James R. Prine, WANTTI—
Plans for the New Mexico Q80 Psrty haw been fina-
lised for the week end of Apr* Details of ruins in
this Issue* Contact as many stations as possible and
send loss to K6MAT, WA6UJY » doing an excellent
job as this year's NMN net manager and reports NMN
Use, traffic 72 with QNI of ITS. K5QLN, WA5ROW,
WfiPNY and W5QJM am autiva with ham TV. Are
there others? WftALR mobiled in Burangn, Colo, and
worked WfiPNY in Los Alamos via the W5PJX)
metw f-m. fpoater, WA&LHC has a new HT-lft an-
tenna providing a good account on the Rosd Runner
Net. Now is a good time to start the paper tvork for
summer reciprocity operation if you plan to visit
abroad. Traffic: KfiMAT 381), WtZVW/fi S07, WAftUJY
8$, W5DMO &ft, WA5TWA 44.RMBJ 8 , WOOL JL
WA7FBV/6 30, WA5JNC 1ft, WABUNA U, WA5JXU
IS, W&QFZ 0, WA5BLLft,WA6QHZ 7. WftPNY
WtNTQ S*

NEW MEXICO QSO PARTY

April 4-5
The 1970 New Mexico QSO Party sponsored
by W5FDO, the Los Alamos Amateur Radio
Club, will take place from 2200 OMT April 4
to 0100 GMT April 5, from 0300 to 0600 and
muo to 2200 GMT April 1970. Suraested
frequencies; cw 1365 7065 14065 21065 M065;
phone 3900 7250 14275 21350 and 2*830. Check
the high end of 160. Exchange serial number,
RS(T) and county tor New Mexico stations,
state or country for others. Stations may be coin
tacted once on each band and mode. Score 1
paint per QSO on 40, 20 and 15; 2 points on 30
and 10; 3 points on 160. Multiplier is the sum
of state* plus countries for New Mexicans (KH6,
KL7 and U.&A, do not count as countries), and
the total number of New Mexico counties (maxi-
mum of 32) for others. New Mexico stations may
work other New Mexico stations for a multiplier
only, A certificate will be awarded to the top
New Mexico scorers and to the hishest scoring
station In each state and country, provided that
a minimum of 5 contacts are made. Full log
data, including exchangee, should he sent to
Bill Wageman, K5MAT, 35 San Juan» Los
Alamos. New Mexico <T7544, no later than May
1. 1970. Duplicate check sheets are required
from all stations with more than 25 QSOs. In-
clude an addressed stamped envelope for a
copy of the results.

UTAH—8CM, Thomas H- Miller. W7QWEl-BEOi

W7WKF- RM: W70CX. OOs: MLBQ/T, KTfcJS,
ORHs: W7EM, K7RAJ, K7ALR, W70CX. OV8s:
W7RQT, WA7IAW. K0ZIO is trying to vhtain call-
letter license plates mm each state. When yoit change
plates this year and would like to send your old set to
him I'll give yon his QTIL VV70CX and W7EM again
made BPL the hard way— IflA or more uriginations plus
delvverips. WTOCX also made the'PSHR again with f l
points. 8-meter f.m. is really going strong in Northern
Utah. Pnrty "new" units are now in the bands of
would be f«m,era. W7RQT worked Iowa and others
recently on 3 meters. K7RAJ has been manning
W70HR ^t B.Y.U. and running phone patches lor
 people in the PtaeiBa Islands, OQ8 appointment! are
available. If yon are Interested and are willing to keep
regular on-the-air skeds to transmit Official Bulletins,
contact the SOM, Traffic: W7OC0C 904, W7EM 263,
K7SUT 42, W7QWH 111, X7CLO S,
WYOMING—8CM. Wayne M. Moore, WTOQL--
SEC: K7NQX. RM; KOOUl PAMs: TOK,
O B I M . ORHs; K78LM, K7NQX, W78DA, X7TAQ,
WA7FHA. Nets; Pony Exprm. Sun. at OHOD on JltiU),
YO, daily at 1830 oo 3610; Juckalopa, Mom through
Bat. at 1215 on 7*50; \VX Net, Mon, through Sat. at
0030 on 3*00: PO Net, 1900 Mon. through Krj. <m SMI.
K7UUF a new rig. Got Homa new Novices on in
Casper n* * Mailt of the recent elRsass. N*w officers of
the Casper Club: W7TVK, p m . ; WA7CLF. eeqr.;
WA7BFV, act, mar.: W7VDZ. trustee; W7CQL t n u .
W0NBA, rs-WVWTC tied the marital knot in Jam
K7QJW has started a cods and theory Hum in Wheat-
land. The buys in Laramie have their repeater
wvrfcing very welt on 2 maters now. They Jiav* touch
tone cxittfrol for operation, ff rou wuuld like to show
the ARRL film "Hams Wide World" to siyiat groups,
euhools, etc,, drop me a line. Traffic: K71TB SU,
W7GMT 136, w n n c 61, W7SDA <Ji>, WA7BDI
\ m w 25* K7SLM 3ft. K7TX2I 16, &7VWA H,
W7VJI 21, W7HLA 14, K7QJW 8, WA7AUV 5, K7WR8
K7JED3.

WYOMING QSO PARTY

March 14-15, 2970
All amateurs are invited to participate In the
first Wyoming QSO Party, sponsored by the
I Shy-Wy and Casper Amateur Radio Clubs. The
contest start! 170U GMT March 14 and ends
2400 CIMT March IS. Each station may be
worked twice on each band> once by phone and
once by cff. Complete exchanges consist of
CJSO number, reports and Wyoming county (or
ARRL action/country for non-Wyoming sta-
tions^ Each completed exchange counts one
point Non-Wyoming stations will try to work
as many Wyoming stations as possible, Wyom-
ing stations are not permitted to work stations
in their own state for point erodit, Suggested
frequencies: 3560 3920 7060 7260 14060 14280
21Q6n 21410 22066 28660 kHz. In scoring, non-
Wyoming utations multiply total points hy the
number of Wyoming counties worked. Wyoming
stations multiply total points by number of
ARRL secttonj/riwntrfcs worked, certificates
will go to the highest scoring phone and cw
stations In Wyoming and the highest scoring
station in each ARRL section/country rtotal
phone and cw), Multioperator stations are not
eligible. Logs showing usual information in
GMT should be mailed to the Shy-Wy Radio
Club* Box 164, Cheyenne, Wyoming &2001.
Send a copy of your log, nnf the original, since
the entry will not be returned. To be eligible,
logs must be postmarked no later than May 1,
1970,

SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION
ALABAMA—ROM, PonaM W. Bonn#T,W4WLG—tf RO:
K1KJD. R M : W4UFU. PA'M: WA4JSSC- Public »ervi<*
Xwnrt* presented hy th* Mobile CivtJ iDef^nss
Office in the following Mobile AHC member* for t-hrir
outstanding icork done during and ftftpr Hurricane
Camilla in Aug,: WB4LNM, K4MLF, W4TRX. WB4NNX,
WR4KIVA. WN4MNM, WN4NRJ, WB4MA1C. W4AAN
and W4EXE. An award also was presented to the Mobile
Oluh hy th* Red Cross there. The Mobile Club has
hu MiKigrtiey communication* travel t n u l ^ i*adv for
use and operates s not on 3716 at 2200Z on Him. for
Novices and a net on 3929 at C200Z every Thurs.
WtliilO is the new mar, of AENM and invites everyone
to rhprk in, K4WHW «>nt*ntirt as mgr. o( AKNfl.
WB4LAL j9 now in ORB. WB4NNX has his liberal
Class limu*, Attendance on A END still is pood but
no iww calls hav* Ywen h*ard latHy. WH4EKJ says
everyone is welcome tn QRQ nnrf QNT. The Tttmtiae
Net ABNT traffic count was 41, ABNB 131. ABNH 10.
A UNO 133, AtttfR 4- WB4LAL was high individual
trafBe-haxidlT. Horry to h*ar shout WAfiGMY bring in
the fmpitaL WA4NPL has a new KWM-J and is
building s (you gueraed it) 4-1000 linear, Don is EC of
Jackson County. Our appreciation goes to everyone who
participated in Hip H&T In J«u. Tivtthr: IVB4TjAL Iuh,
W4HI-H m. WH4JMIT m. WU4tffcJ 110, K4ACJSS
WH4LHH 41, WB4KD1 3D, WA4VKK 3V, IVA4LAO
WTH4AHH 3C, WAftl'YO 84, WN4N.IG tt, WH4NOT
U 4WI,<; W, WA4JKM K4VVMW jn, \\ B4BLX. 17.
ITH41.NM 1.1, K4SJf> 14. \Ui4Kgrf 12, \Y4UGH 10,
iv.viuKi a,
F VSTFRN FLORIDA—John K. Porter, IV4KCSJ
-hBC: W4IYT- Aw. SEC: W4MTK. RMi: K4J3IY
CimiM, W4UW-U (RTTY). HAM 7ft: W4tHiX. PAM 40:
www. f u i v h r.1 \VA4HV<r n-nnm- mi how
the E Klii. section will lie run durinir my term of
iltftPA iri for lnWCOllil'H fllld rUlNol-statl1 NailSplllut-*. 'HlC
Inral "Die Timor-*" ktmv* frnrn i*nxr f'xDprw'nre how .1
ij»rr auction jf. nut u i-iu'-mmi opt»rution. The
ivaKm wc have stowi iwnr the fop i* Ihtoiin' ul * lot
nt hard woik by • lniicat*,il Eiaiutt whip uivn i»f
I heir time. It tnkoq the mrnhiTwi vftort« mi t\\) to
tiiamtiiin this high ftandard, VHP MEC- und respective
Vx\ villi handle h\\ eiTH-rgenry planning mid upprKTion*.
ThertMPwH rnmm rm-nii appointment* K<~N. Tlip
RMs win recjiurormi OU8 itoptiiritnu-ht*. tile PAMs all
OPS appointments, Itcronmvi-KdfttioTip I mm »my «<r nil
of the nbnve will he AiliPited < it her official yppoifit-
monts. Station Net Manager* will o.'oomtnuDd tbopi-
rtlnftraiiv eligible fferrjti- Portion rfat tvt'tifieatf*.
The tlnnl r|,«p"mjo*i mi i|| uppuintmpnt* vill *vjth
mc. IVtiliin is the life hliKvi r»l UIPJ iiertton lints, There-
fore nil report* ufher than th^s**ttntfor?*hnn(d be eent

FLORIDA QSO PARTY

April -M, 1970

Florida Sktpt the alt-Florida amateur radio

nubllcatron, la happy to announce the sixth an-
nual Horida ySO Party, All amateur* arc in-
vited to participate. Florida amateur* are urged
to work as manr out-of-state stations as pos-
sible. d* well as those within the state. This
year. provisions have been made establishing »
portable category, to encouraiue field day-type
operation rrocn rare Florida counties
C\mtest periods arc Saturday 1^lKi-?a00f Sun-
day 0000-0500 and 1400-2339. All times in
(* MT. Suggested frequencies: cw 1 Wt7 ,^S70
7070 14(170 21<r7« 2no7uv phone 1H17 3H7D 7270
14270 21370 2M7. No power restriction vr
time limit. Stations may be coutacted once on
each tw band aiid onw yn each phone hand,
Cw nnd phone are arparnte scoring and ate m>t
to be summed for any award. Multipliers cnunt
onlv once. Florida stations score one point per
(JSo times the number of states, provinces and
muntries. (IK" cottnts mh Maryland.) Other
Florida stations may be worked but only for
contact points, NOT for u multiplier, The max-
imum multiplier is 7u (4si Mates, 10 provinces,
and 11 DXj. No more than II OX countries
will count towards the multiplier. Multloperator
stahona: sin^ele transmitter per mode, minimum
of 50 OSOs, Florida portables: Stations oper-
ated in other than their home county, and not
at a location presently licensed to a station in
the amateur service. Sin«Je or multioperator,
single transmitter per mode. Non-Rorlda sta-
tions wire 1 point per OSO times the number
of Rorida counties 1*7 maximum). Minimum 5
tj&ito. lYophics will be awarded to Ktatlons in
the folio wins categories; Horida stations to the
hl^h sinide op cw or phone, high mnltiop. cw
or phone* high portable cw or phone; non-Flor-
ida trophies to high single op iw or phone.
Certificates win be awarded at follows: Florida
high single op cw and phone each county, high
multiop. cw and phone each county, high por-
table cw nr nhone eni-h county* high Novice;
wtbFlorida high single op cw and phone each
state, province and country and high Novice
e.ich fall Area* l.ugb must he postmarked no
later than May 30, 1970 and mailed to: Florida
Skip Contest Chairman, Box 501. Miami
Springs, Florida A nummary sheet with
vour name, call, uddress, claimed scurt, cate-
gory. station location and the customary declar-
ation MUST be included. All scores will be
published in h summer Issue r»f fi fartda Skip•
Participants desiring a copy should include a
stamp with entry, decisions of the Contest
Committee are final.
\?n. rHiluiirraiTir Thi* will n*Mnt thi* iwt* in thi»ir
traffic KMjiit, AJI Tcport* ohr»tl«J rnu'li iw lv-fon» thp
.Mh n| HIP iiRpjitlu 1 txtlv i-m-h ymi to contact vunr
w t i n n nflirial take an active pact in <iur Motion
uctivitic*. We neJcoiri* to our -«*tinn W4IA from
VuKinin, Coiwnhiintioito h» W41LE for « fine job <«a
ttiP Kill. Trhttir Ham Urn ItoutujE Uuidr, Thanks tx»
K4PMA mill VttsHZY'4 for the tine MO report*. Si*
I'MJU rnpui'lr* mi-i* |t-mrnl thi* Judith* IVA4SCK «h<l
WR4H.TV inndr H I P HPIJ. < hir Hiojita tn T-wtynnp K I I O
took (inir in the .lan, SBT, I>t'« nil plan tor * Hipprr
n w I I M S T tim*. Trnttir: WA4SCK HW, W4KPO SSBw,
WA4PGH W1, WH4AIW M , W B4HJV Iff, K4GJ TA3(
W4PP \VfJ4IMW 14H. W4&DR iff, WA4HKH \\H-
W4KHVV Ul>, VVK4IKR MS, W4I>W» WNRKYi4 7*,
\Y4\GR 71- M O A X 70. W4SMK MHrf nil. V\4KRC
u0. WA4FJA Ms, \VA4HDn WWQIi'O 4H, W4Z4K 4H,
tt'B4lfMV 4? WA4KUW 34. W4T.IM 2*, K4LPs 27.
W4HNE 23i K4KJH 111, W4TA 17. V4KG-T 17, WA4KYF
K4014K 16, W4XYT 12. WB4KNL ft. W4LEP fl, W4LK
W4H.K 7. W K4HTJ 4.

GEORGIA—H'lM, Howard J,. Schr.nher.

HKC: WA4WQU. KM: W4KIJN. PAM«: K4HQL
V4LRR. WA4USR r^iort* u *hnrt fi-nwW n^mriK
IVi\ IV tlif« WS aiva timf h g..n(1 fpt-nin* Dec, 22,
aim to th* W3 HMI| * in the 23rt( Mann.,
Cmui.. FeJina. and Ohio. An ODCTI invitation ii "Tt^pdM
tn iiTI stnhnn* to ilwtk into the Tjucu' ti«Afr*to H.Kfi.
Nrt on Ail.UA Mp, r<t J1DQ hHT Mini, iitul \\>d.
jHlxjrt* 62 n^inn* with 4$4 QN1 nrui mm«i|rm hn?>-
fiWI. Tlv fin, JSJ3.14. N^t M-^irtM HS!7 QXT fnr I7fl inw-
rapes mid 3R phonr W4IKJO n*U\p*l
HTHiSM mill YTlBOn W i m - j m i t i i m . \V4lil<H now
is mpying ARHL BullftmR «oi HTTV. Phil huilt a
fMnrniiitor 3-motpr n v r m r . W N4GXX VVA4iUV
nwn otirI alil>rrvTntTODff Jikt» " P O T W to v^wi^
W4KCH <n\dn\ 2-tin-K»r f.m. h- hift HW-17.
\Y4KC;K hnh ^ Clt-re ^ r . K4IU^ lost fnV «u*d in n
wmihtnrm. K4PIK tfurultr* how u*»t fhtit y^nnx*
JQOf: I I P W U tlir chiriTiey, WA4LLU iTport^ a tmthr t o .
fnl ft titnl ii K a w MAHi=l fot^r nf OA. iiuw titbit
'IKirlm/r v<rtii tinio We tiwi St. Simon*. TnHfit:
WA4RAV 31V, W4NNT) m WA4UW Wt K4HAC IM,
V4PUX m t W4CZX 77, W4HOY 74. W4PTM 74,
W4AQ1. 2a WU4DMO 43, K4HQ[ J4, W4RKL 11.
K4PJK 4, WULl-l 2.
WESTERN FLORIDA—KCM, Frank M. Butlwr, Jr, f
W4HKil-+iRO: W4fKR( PAM: \\4MQQ. H M - R T T Y :
W4WKH- NeN;
Yd Tr^. Tim fhw frt*. </V/ ^TV.1
VFPN 3957 Jen, l^ily »! H 77
QPV 44H Icc. OOOO/OfVlO^ Naily All Ate
i'la KM 146.94 Me. <M30Z IHily ..

l
PfnswiHtlw: The fir** Miovnnff ot the mir ^RRL tilmf
"Hftiu» WorlJ." Wtfb hu Oh. 3 bp».\ The N.W
Club, W4NHK. ww iwhv«l«»l by K7ZCK with all nvw
L'i|Uipmentr U m Irrf^tr-rl fn HHnB.ir 70K. W4HKL iUili
tiTf+?4\ hJi^istHcl in 1h* rtmn* of h stranded *hip otl thf
innftt i>t Nicm-HviiH. Thp PKARA liolct nit FB Ohrihtnurt
Psirtv. Foil Walton; No\jpp* inHiuU' WN4» PAU,
PKA. J'KK, .iml VKV, Tlv Iwt is W4RKH'h jr. M|n*r-
rftnr. TU+ WH4KliT rppeati-r ix friack cm the utr aftrr A
»tiijt-down tn permit fvpaintm^ thi* uAt^f-tank trans-
mitter WB4NHH irf a new OR8; he put up
mWf.r UildM riipole acid 4BTV w h e a l . K4YLM ac-
tive again from U u M Milt, (-hipley: W\4SRk«
WA4TrO umi W4IKA in ttw w n h for two
loftt 4'lnMrPTi, Mananun: W4A1A m Imtclt on the ?ir ai-
tnr nmny ymni, on H4.1I4 W"wahitrhk&: W4CCA
Jnwr hiw 2-meter Antvnn&R to hirh vindn, Vnrt St. Jew:
U4WEH m«f. ci n w rVjmct 270 molu^/nnrfahJp r ! ^
Qiiinnyf WN4HYM )ust u.<>t bift N O V K V ticket. Talta-
haw: K4C2H1 > movM h ^ iron) ImMfind, WB4tXX
;iinininM OPfi end OVH. Ti*«ir-
WB4UVM WB4LGG 41. W4WBB to, WR4RQT1 «
W4FDJ J«, W41KB W4WCIT WB4»VItll 6,
W4BV E 4. (Nov.* W8RFYW4 80. WA1KKM/4 4B.

SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION
ARIZONA—HOM. Oarv M. Hamrnan. W7CAF—
i^EC: K7GP2. KM: K7NHL. PAM: W7UXZ. The
A»i»tmir Radio Council of Arizona, Box f>nvi2a Phoenix
snOOA, rfetftpd the fiillowina oflkem: WA7LPR, cliair-
mHQ: K7GHS, vicr-rl\mrmaxi: W7GX,
VV3b(Jt!i/\V7. treas. The OJd Piiphlo Radio H u b <>t
Tn^nn ftpcW thp (ollowiiiff fo otTice a* iU Annual
Dinner m r t t n t : K7KNP, K7BCW, vifa-pm. \
WN71XW, 3e«?y.-tmin,; WA7C9M, yumptmilw, A pub-
It^ the Old PueliTo Club i* (x>rfnrming is naming
ph'inn patohwi tor the Tkrmotv Hoy*' Ohorua while it i*
on concert tour from Jan, to Apr. The Ai-uuna ARC
elected the following offirara for 1970: K7WTJO, pres.;
WTWftV, vice-prea.; W 7 G X , w r y , ; W A 7 K K E , tresa.;
K 7 C E H . net. tngr, The Arts. Repeater A w i * hod sev-
eral tips in its election and the run-off remits w i l l he
available next montb. A new net, the Arizona Emer-
aeniy Ttaffin N e t meet* daily on 8903 kc, nt 1800 M 8 T
in the winter and 21(10 N S T i s the summer, K 7 H I S ha*
hern appointed E C sod i * managing the The Aria,
F o r t Office Net has added session* M o o . through F r i ,
at 1800 N 3 T nn 30(6 kc. Net manager is K 7 W J F .
K 7 I R V recently was appointed a* OO. Congratulations
to K 7 N H L mi making the B P L . The Copperatate Met
handled 2 0 menjagas in Dee. P S H R : K 7 N H L 51,
WA7EQO 27. W 7 U X Z 33. WTOAP 19. Traffic: K 7 N H L
581, W A 7 1 F D 128, W7GEP 110, WTOTTF! K7WHO
W 7 J M Q S3, WA7EQC 22, W A 7 I S P W 7 F O J 90,
W 7 U X Z 20, TV7LLO 17, W 7 C A F I0B W7DQS a,
W7PKM W 7 G F T 4, K 7 E X F 2.

L O S A NGEIJES*—SOM, H a r m D . ID, Hetland,

W A 6 K K I — A s s t . B O M ; Donald R . Etteredge, K 6 U M V ,
S B C : WA6QEY. New officers o ! the W 6 J N f l o c i e t y are
WAWIrT, pres.: W B 6 N 8 T , vice-prea.; WB6TDZ, apey.
New officers o f the Atm, I n t l - R o c k e t d y n e Club are
W A M G I 1 . pres,; WA6QAM, vire-prw. i WB6BJO,
trea«.s WftZZN, atjcv, The Rocketdyne group lost its
70-ft. tower during the Dec, winds, aa d i a several other
local amateurs, E i g h t members o f the Antelope Valley
A R C rode/theory riaasea took the Novice Cflaas exam.
WB0OEZ js sending code practice for Palisades R C
member* on t h e air prior to meetings. W N 6 B J P has »
DXI0OB and a Q R H to a long wire on 40 meters.
K 1 A S X haa moved to a new home i n L a Varna.
W A 6 J H D passed the Advanced Class n a m . X « N A is
rebuilding tria H V power supply, WB6VZT is kept busy
w i t h aohool and arranging programs for t h * Weat V a l -
ley A R C , W B 6 A B P in hack on the air after replacing
bad capacitors W 4 A M advises his fi-hand c.w./phone
mohile Is available f o r emergen«r commimratlona.
WRARRO Kporrt the holiday* out of town, W N I W T M
reports a w AS pffort of 30/2fl, WA6PJJ is busy w i t h
school, the M e t r o Net and a M t o f 10-meter D J L
Power line n o t e ts cutting into the activities uf
W B r v a K 6 V N X and W A O Z L W 6 J E T installed coax
awitchea to expedite power and a n t a m a changes,
W 2 M L 8 B now lias an 8 X - 1 0 ! and th interested 1 n a
possible Novirc net, W B A M C W won the N o v . home-
brew contest at the Ingiewood R C and in presently
working on uit A T V camera. W0OR8 la going moHte
w a w i t h an 8B84/Porwha. W t f V T R is building a
Heath KW-100 and ia looking forward t o net operating,
KSKTTQ \n a new OO/OVH appointee. W 6 T B T is now
on A T V . W A 6 E X T has a r h w U A V q ! W A f l K Z B is
running phone patch** to W A 6 H W B / H C 2 . WttPP now
works at K H J - T V , WBflUZY has hta General. K 6 F I P
now Is on s ^ b . W B H Q X and W A f l A B P advlas t h a t
ROW now meets a t 6 p.m. on 3800 kc. The Pnliwute*
HC Hvtteiin reprinted an F C C Bulletin on HPT t o
Audio Tlevjee* m which the Commission explains i n
tsyman's language that such H F I ia m m i b y a t r v i d n g
the audio device. Copies of the BuBetin may be ob-
tained fTorn F C C Field Offieea, The Baat San Gabriel
Valley A R E C , working cloaely.with t h e Red C m * THs-
n*i*>r Committee, n a * on standby alert during the
w i n d - d ^ v e n fire n^sr Glenriora In Dec- 1>.A. (Swnty
RACES, in conjunction w i t h CRera. provided Rose P a -
rade communications, Countv RACES! noon w i l l relocate
in the eentral j a i l u n t i l new quarters are constructed
serosa the street from the rrnrent tJUfl N . Eastern
L.A.. a d d n m : Y f w r f l C M , W A 0 K Z I , soon w i n publish
snother rJub l i r t , he wants current meeting

information and mailing a d d i m v a for all Hubs in L . A ,

Countv. Ple**p h(>lp him out. Trafffe/PS: f t t a O W 0 A M
m . WR0BRO SPtf/3. W f l R H G t U / 2 . K 6 C D W U / 0 ,
K I C T r W Q . W f i D O X 1 M > W A f f D Z R ' t / Q , WACFJJ SS/0.
WflP.TT 27/3S, W B f l G G t i 7/«. W « H N 329/0. X n t V G
1M x n n t T ft/It. WRtfTCGE 8 / j r W B f t K X I 28/0.
W A f l K H 0/4. W B M L P 7M/8, W0GRO 3B/10, WRBPAV
WrtQAR 218/0. WBRCV 0/6, WBBflSZ WWYP
13/0. W f l l S Y «/n, VTRfiWDS 4/8, W B f t W I T 6/lO t
WBfiZVO 207/8. ( N o v . ) W A 0 A B P 17/14, W A 0 V I K 67/0.
W B 6 Z W 160/81.

O R A N G E r — f l O M . Jerry VerDuft. W A 6 R O P - A « t .
A C M : Richard W . Rirbe^k. K6CTD. P W J : WB6CQR.
R M s : W6LCP, W 6 B N X . P A M t W B 6 R V M . 1970 officers
of the Victor Valley A R C are W l H J T . prea,;
W B I W U C * vice-pres.: W 6 J P X , fleny-fwu; K6QCS,
act. T h e rinb station is K 6 Q W R , W f l T T R fa trustee
and TCBV83M h C B coordinator, N e v officers o f the
Orange County A R C are WB0TTDC, pres.; WR6COR,
\'ice-prea,? W 6 H H C , w ; WflBNSL treas,; W A B P I T ,
act,.: W B 6 T B U , puh. rel.s W B f l U B W , m e m b w h i p \
W f f l f l O , T V T : W 6 1 C P acul WA6ROP, at largei
W B 6 N R K teen-age rep. CC WA6J2SZ imports t h a t
U V 0 I A i* moving to M and 7-Mc. c.w.fcucaiiaeof
poor W-JVfc, ormdifiona. H e ia operating at 1)300-6400
G M T most rights. O V H WAflFIT U workin® on nn
K W B fine! for 3 meter* und ptperimenhnR with "J"
antenna*, A o n alan m the new N O R for the 10:40
*-m*ter A R E C Net, Hnn. ..n 145,8ft M<\ O P S W O B Q X
dtaplayed hi* old-time tubes at h lpcal hobby whnw,
Both the K W C and K C M went recent nueat apeaKer* at
the Newport A R B . W A 8 R O F pnrtud the Extra Claa*
*ittm «nd Santa Clana ble*«ed him with n 32H-3 trans-
mitter, W d c o m e tn t w new F A M , W B A H V U , w h o will
wurk toward? fitter liaiffon between ph<m« traffic tir.fca,
U C K ? and N T S . The Southern California Net ( K C N I
n«»w n w t a at 0230Z daily on 3ft00 fcr. Ht sN" Mjx«
W & L C P reports SI 00 stationa. Q N I 4K3 and
total traffic 749. Our pant H C M » WflDEY, and hia
XVIr, WdPJTT. IUIVP been tinanunotiafy pipped hfe
members of Orange County A R C Kv the board of dt-
i-prforx. Pleaaa aend your report* find new* to the A C M
hy the fcfth uf thp month. I n m intereated in hearing
from t/oiip T h p H H C atid B C M will vialt any c k b in
thp action extending an invitation. If you don't invitp
TP* WP m a y T»hnw up anvwav. Support your elub AND
section A R K C and N T 8 nwta, Traffic; iDee.) W 0 L C P
atirT W A 6 F O Q 184, W 6 W R J 115, W « H N X 114, tVBOZEC
1. W M B 14, W 6 B U K (Nov.) W t t B U K 0. W M 0 S 5 E C 1

S A N D I E G O — 6 C M . Riehnrd Leffler, W A 6 C O & -

Amrf. A C M : Art Smith. W6INI. T h p iJer. mpmberahip
drive to Ptirnll more amateurs in the 8.1V V R C C pro-
gram of p r * M w H n e w paid off with 27 new member*
Maninic. A R E C membership forms air ailahle at
Wpstern Radio and through thp S C M . Register n o * •
tar/m WTttOJJR wa* elected prw f of A R C El
H a inn. W B 8 8 0 K still Sa pre*. of thp No, flhon* A R C .
K 6 S T S hpadH thp 3 0 B A R 8 . The Gnmnty C Unttinl
will elect officer* awm. T h e Palnmar Club meet* in
Viata now. KflfJAV wanta No, Onuntv operator* to
m m e up tin 3920 evenings at about 2100 and hp will M l
vou about thp IPelomar A R C . Sertinn AV6JXTT
unri W O R I j K anr now baok nn thp tvpII list. The
mptpr A R P R C ifroiip >rorked pommunseationa for thp
Marathon in thp rain m Jan. W N 0 P A R pawrl
the Ojieral CIRHH pram, ttWLW WAOCOE
WftTNl urtd W A 0 K H N for A R E C at the Imp. VHIIPV
mpptin*. WBfiP.lG parted to General, white KflfigK,
W A 6 E A G . TTAilKGT and W B H N E J paawi to Advanced
(1 aw. ConmtnlatTons to W B O K ^ A . elpi-ted H a m the
Vwir at thp FJ Cajon A R C . W M M A G la n o w on 30
aftpr rptnrninft from WSUTiand. 73 A R P S C members
provided rommunimttona for the dunebuftffv race at
Cipotillo Wella in Jan. W A 6 K H N rr-pnrtn F B rmilta
with an KR-S000 and Ovitboard v.f.o. W B t f U ^ S ntid
K 0 Q X N are OPW RCa. WBtfSQZ w E C for Cen-
tral Diatriet and handling thp l-weter ^roiip. W 6 0 P in
nn R T T Y from Viata. W B 0 P E Z wnrlca with the A H K T
Novice Ni*. TmtHc: KrtBPT *m W A V K O IMS. W f l K G T
780. W O L R U 554. "WflBGF 377. W 6 Y K P U , W A A K Z N
12, KflSJMftM W A O C O E 3. PSNX: W 6 E O T , W6VNTQ.

SANTA BARBARA—ATM. (VpiJ T>. Hinaon,

V V A f l O K K — 8 R C : K 6 G V , R M : W 0 V J . K A A A K baa nitly
about 10 rr>nre nioiitfu* lipfnre hp n>firea and ia puttinjr
up atitennaa in preparation. Bill fa a favorite speaker at
the loenl rfnlia teTlinpc the tronpe hnw it waa in the
daya. WAfiDET ha a urdered un flB-401 trana-
mitfer to drive thp fonr-plrment homebrew l^eara that
he w putflnu up to raplare thp threp^plpmmt antenna
that blew down. WfiHE, a h a m for nlituyrt 50 ypara,
inaint4iina a nfcpd with h'a l»mthpr, KSJV. W 0 U J report*
that. D X waa gotKi for him on 10 laat month, and
we m a y see hi* name on the honor mil. VTflRKN ia
bark on fhp air with a A w a n 240 after a lapar of 10
t^ear*. W f f O R W haa put u p hia m ^ m d eiehf^plement
Vft^i on % ?utterp, and utill ia working on thp ifld-4rt
Inverted " V M *i#itpnna, WftOBVV nnd hia b a m wife tearh
thoae vnunjr neoplp in fhe Riini arm w h o nrp intemrtpd
in hamvn in* ItHma, W B f l P X X received from f^anta (the
a npw phonp pMfch ^.w.r. bridse. Traffic:
WAftDK! 3 7 0 , W 6 0 R W 20. WRffFTOC IS WAH.T 4.
 WEST GULF DIVISION
NORTHERN TEXAS—SOM, I.E. Harritfm.
WM.R—AM*. PCM: Grnr *\k»U W5K70. &HO;
WBJHM. PAM- WffiOO. RM: WfiQGX. A»t. SRC
HSTfu/PAM VJl.P.s WA5KUK, Continuing laut month
KC iviiuvllatirtna we nuVH KJilt KM, KUIZW, W3Yl>Ti,
WfitPM, WftKZA, W5J81. \V6RftX. W5MJN. W5ANK,
K5ULC, W5TWA, W5TIU. WITOW, VVSUAg,
WfifKiK. W5YYP, W*R()Ci. KATKtM, iVAKWT,
"VV5PKT. WAOVL, W5GB& WfiKNA, W3BTIT.
W6VVA, \WRYO, WAilPH, W5WHY, WIMWW,
WA&IBK, K4RSK Hmi KAnlift WAAXIV/KT1R wjuhm
more propl* wmkecl 2-meter kjh, tlmri WA5NXV
ctfvvt W5VJB working vti 4ti«Me. trnnawrivi-n per
Hanttbrxti, , \ critique of llrowntietil sIiovk Litbbnelc in
finst jifacv vitfi 23 licrnseii ham* plus many CBera.
WAGWFp ' QTH rhmipv* fmrn Sherman to Waco,
<«*ine* hIao wm a|H'"interi KC McClennnn tVmiit.y.
WiSQU is Port Worth's new OIW, <«> \Y5ARV, Arling-
ton, hen«ni •rhftftttl alumni the TtftNR (?ntmfof nivi tran
rvneicatert tn Maimi vi* lifliropter. Ilia mi, clauphtnr
Ami XVL un- K5POW, K-tfX'Q WUAUT.
TC5MOT ij» it n»-ir ORR PfiHR report forma fim 4vmU
mil? from thn PHM. The Irvinpr ARC h-M a Ghrfcfma«
Party lier, 17, The elulj mwfoi m m AOit) Me. i*di Thiira-
*t s p,ji Kny, -1 il j you guy* tlw iJirvi'tur'a letter
about tlie Puerto Hjen Radio CluhftM1340, mipci*1 fre-
i|iK<iicit-s for KP4. HVb. for Board anttfma. Oth-
<<r* nftotem*.inHiiHe RM«3tt, 1016, 1M7, UH,
1MI, 1306, 1S4fi, 1MB, 13*4, 1454. 1455, 14fin, 1477,
147g, 1479. JMS, 1516. 1,120, 1521, 1M1 It ywi don't know
uhflt'*ffomiuti th^n hen* is your rhanee. Remember,
there ts alway* *»ni«>ne wjw iwvrrff^t*thp nnttl. Thr
Arfirfffon ^pydlc Pntml hwiiifflit unw 15 penplp,
W5WU Ju>tt w i «*» Bom* 1ft «rfi»finn* m Nn, Teton
"B" pohxt If-vH for fbr o-uipnt. W5KDX mlun-
fwil tn (jr/v** code tn a Xiivim m tie* Cleburne
arm. Hill,rtftbp Tarrant Onimty Vhnrrgntwy N*»t.
wp ffnn bent nn hII biinrlR if ire Rft "P mtW
ntion^h Mini work 'em, OO AVaMRO the SOM
for nn i-ynhftll QW vtld mv* tTinvV Mothin^r Jifcp PB
f^ntPi-tM. J*SFTR is nut fine, WfttiKM ahnvp thr
•\pc;tir Ciwie, n dpKim to inin th? f^piip np-
pOinfTn^nt procrvm. The Onrlnnel fllnh hrM n ChTifit-
ma* Dinnw Mprfing. W5.1A mntn tn pvt into ARRL
wrorfc. Trafftp! f i Ipp. i KfiRNH \m. WMH 171
WAQOZ 04, VVA5KIV 45. KfiBDr 2d, W5T . A 06, WiTifl
21, W5PBN 14, WA5DQP 13, W4ATIY ft (Nw.l
WA5PPF 2480. W3QGZ 74.
OKLAHOMA—SCAT, Cecil O. ^otIi, WSPMIr-AMt.
POM: W.1* Smnkr Stn\-rr. KSOOY. RKO! WAJftFftN.
HMs WSQMtT. PAM*: VVflMPX, KATEY, V-UIOTl
flnil K-SZOJ, AVfiPW Ih hoirir frnm the hospital iiml hnn
up n n^wfc-irpfnr 40 mpfprft. KliAYT) wtoert nnt bin mr
mi Dpc, H^ nn'l fimttjfpKtill arp In tbe hospital
ni t.hi*ttTitindcbut thmr c^n'litinn tn not wrimift. Thp
jrojit t«> stnrm m«ny Jtt»tpnn«* but WA4YRO
didn't let that Rfop him. >fp rtpht bavk ^it his nr^t
NfW ^fficijpfnmil Tiflia/r hjs innbiJ* whip. Hp hn* hi*
flipnfe hnrk up now ut hiicmtrior heifflit ln.it putn out n
*i0Bh1 flt tiw-top TpvpJ. WAffiV! h«H « new *'hnmr»
hppw" J-iPietAr «mpliflrT. Tharfcs tn f^nntnr OnWwater
for his itonri e<«t n«tifl^tjnn fn the Itr«<fauRrfpni ^h^rp
in my xecttnn) nt the 1>H1v-«if1iinir bnnch n'f Trohnician<i
nnrf r!ourjifTnnnN who wnp afraid t-o Appeiir before i<n
FCC exflminer PfMwitiHlv T am \rith miitnr Goldvatir
infcivttrof inrcntivo 1 ^ti rcmpmhrr 1953
vrhen ln«f Mnhiethinff. We itre itiftt hovf, i» jrttft,
ifctb'ncr it Im^k. Mrw nf the Oklahoma Oifv
AO ARC nn* WSfTXL. pr**.; W*PF, vi*v«-pn>HWffDY,
br**t to tire*t,; WflKR, *<cv.-treax. Conmta tn Nnriera
WNKAXT. WNBARU fLtuI 'WNUATEs to new
vnnifil Clata KATJ4X md WASITOK. Wet. ^herlulen:
Frtq*

aa<2 Hay
npRM 3015 14fKi Run. OW flinoTAnft,
OPOM 2m M-P ^KIK OlOOT-flan.
STN# 1 S850 M-H
 % M13 2330 M-tf OKIE 37B0 MOO TJtan.
OWXN 3(13 (IU01 TJfco.
Traffic: K5TEY 1728. WftQMJ 144. YVA5IMO
WJMFX « / W5PW 34, wfeFKL 37, WAttOO *4P
WAPML 20, KSCAV K6VVPP 14. KfiZDB 10,
VVA5FHN 7, TOIQ 1VA0NJ6M 4.
SOUTHERN TEXAS—PCM, GJO. Jerry Swtn,
IV5AIR—SBC: JC5QQG. PAM: W6KLV. J t t M : WfiEZY.
Our K5QQG, has gone bark on the job after
bavin* a «hnnt-ont with * couple of hijackers three
month a ago. Yep he wingH thorn both and caught one
himself. Houston ARC J/etita is bark in print and re-
ports the y j U s \ Amateur FM Society held its bi-an-
nual meetinc at the chih Feb. SI All interested persona
*r« invited, 7v£FKT< last heard from m Pnertn Rico,
now tx At A, A I, College in Kinpavflle, He reports
CN8PV now is WA0MFJ?fi m K i n d l e . EC K5EFII.
in Te*aa City, and OPS K6WYN, Galveston, % me-
ters tu paw their traffic, HC WAfOTa Otf
bullet in for the Tftwa Hqqthmoht Amateur Radio Club,
Inc., reports * Memorial "LOT C, ttifl Tpihraiy" hs*
hef-n hpt up nt thp IlarliQgen Library in memory or
WAflBH, who lifia entered the Hall uf Hilent Reva.
WA5DSG and XYL Clnner have moved front tb« Val-
ley *o th* Port Worth m . The El P*4o ARC?
(WfiES) rtwtefiVi report* W KAA-TJ, W BOA AX. ia a
new member. W5HYQ and his XYT* am hai'k from h
Christmas trip fo Ohio ami kept in touch with 141 Ham
VIA amateur radio. Keport* for Den, few. Come
on, fellows, fat's hear from yoa Hhnitt. your activities.
Traffic nppnrt for Dec. was wav down. The Ptablie Ser-
vice Honor Holl reports fnr Nov. weiv KAHZR.
WIKZY. W5Q.TA and W7WAHU. Vnr the month of
lJet\ they aw W5QJA, W4KZT. KAROZ and WAIWPP.
Nifte droinjc, fallows, irep the m h ^ j i i-Miuing, Traffic:
WAAFJN 223, WU32Y tQ8. W5QJA 104, KARuZ HI,
WJARQ 4S. WSBHO 44, WfiTFW 31, WAflQKE 11.
KHVVK 8. WAAC 3, WSKfiV t.

CANADIAN DIVISION
ALBERTA—ftCMt l>on Sutherland, \*E6FK—SEC:
VRrtAFR. PAM: VS8ADS. Yll.F. PAW: VEHAWV.
KCs: YRM8, YE6AVQ. VRtfAPR, V E « 0 . ORS;
\TS8ATG> OPflas YWlATif, VEBTCi. OVflu: VEtfMX,
VE6AITE. OOa: VE6HM, VWWJ, VEBTY. 0BH:
VEBriB, tt iff with deep regret that 1 report the pacing
of YJjttVP. C^aratufntions to \EflAWV on his ap-
pointment aa PAM for the dalgary Area. I am
uteasod to wel<K)md VE6AIP ba^k tr. A1b»i4a. V.^MJ
naa evitnpleted hra integrated circuit frequency standard.
Both he and YflttUt did well in the FMT. YBIDR
hnn completed the installation of hin Md-ft. tower and
alwi ii-cwwi xhe approval of the Edmonton IVvel-
opment Hoard for tha installstion. YWTY is on c.w,
•inly this new?) whil* ^mipletina his 8B~1A1. Tke
APBN is Averaprni; 5S QKts per w j o t i , Many phone
rills nud infonQ&l contacts nre handled, but written
memaae trtffe* ^tfll la wry li^iit. We fctitl require soma
rtrW, operators to c\ve> lis Haimn with thn NTH. The
Wertprn PoJsr Net comes in very clearly these d«ya tm
m o at oailB!. Wftteh fnr its Purtv and other
KWT Centennial Celetimtkma. 'iVaffio: ' MWFK 28,
VFBXO V f t M J 10. VEftSS 7, VKWALA VKBHT, %
rmra YJflBYW 2, VE0A8Z 1. \naUK 1. VE6NXJ 1.
BRITISH COLUMBIA—80M, K. H. Sava«e,
YPSTPR—We hone von all will make a banner year
for amateur rwlio nativity. The North and West Club,
via YE70F, reports ten potential nrw umatniTH for
1W7ft from its rod* nrrl theory class. VE7BQA baa aa
HW-12 and 2-mvt»*r mobile, Jt*s idee to )mve Beaver
Voile)/ Clicks Rflflin. The club taken on % ^mple i«f
children with uuisrular dystropby, and h^pes to *d-
vancp them into the knowledge uf fttnateur ouid a
ticket.. YE7APR is reported tn be in the hospital.
VK7HJO haa the tower and 211-meter beam installed
now. Chilliwa^k bay ifrpTVPfl the VETKTiK for its
rnpeiitpr station. VE7FW haa Just, returned from a VTP
trip to Japan and Baiue-Kok He worked VBTFW/flSl
nnd i-isited VKs mid Zlx. Tbe Ohilliwark ARC the-
ory/code class has four adult* and lasf. ymr udd^d four
new smiHtPiirs to the ranks and une thia ^*ear. Y«m-
eotiver Clnh's Dinner *t th»- Arms nnd the QCW
Dinner at the Blue Boy brmiplit oi(t many olH-timers.
The Victoria SWC wna tops in thn B f l section with
its high PD score. It's only 1970 now bnt. what are *v
amateurs coin* to do for Britieh CohtmbTa'a birthday
in 1971. v w O G 4H/W1 hnn nu inverted dipole TID 65 feet.
Traffic: m A P P 70, VE7RQA Bl. VKTBLO W, VETAC
43, VK7BZA VE7AXII 25t VETGO S3,
M A N I T O B A — K e i t h Witncv. V r EiEI-VE4FQ
rnjK^rfs a guoH month for MTN and planned a chsnee
>kf npf. frcnticnry to BGftt Feb. h Congrats to VE4RO on
bemmlnt OR*. VE4NB and VEINS nnn eWr VE8
traJfi* if nrM ha, For tlum iotererfed in nets and
traffir the m-wr M T N bulletin la o rimnt. Write VE4PQ
f«>i ^ipifls, YK4QL i» &tartin« ft dub t<*r v.h.f.
l*-rimentera. The Winner*?: Repp-atpr FVicjety lias
tun firmed the UP« uf the Kiehnnfivin Mft\ Tlw» Mani-
toba. fVpitenmal Awards Contest has hwxt cn using murh
excitement on thp tmuda, Contact J.N. Kuuwles.
VE4JK, Bos 365, Carmen, for information. Thp AHLM
Nrpw*lpfter i* *»f interest to nil section auiutvurB and
mftv bp obtained frnm Knx 47ft, Winnipeg, Traffic:
VK4KQ 102, \ K4ItO M, YE4KE fi*. VK4YP 25, VR4KL
frt. VK4NK IS. VK4QPV V, \ K44\ H> VE4EF 7, VE4XN
bt VK4IW 2. VE4MK 2.
WARTIIMK—8CM, William J« Gillfr, V K I N R - H K C ' T
VE111J. \Tipolntmprit in ojx-n for Awl. W M in New-
foundland'Labrador. Main dutiea HI** TO piovide item*
fnr thn Nation apf.ivitiea ivjmrt mid attaint in or«fmiia-
Monti nrroff*ra, VKIAAlk and VE1RO art- t.liffiWr for
PSTLLL liaUns. YE1ADP WI?MY UNDERWENT. MULTIV.
VKrfWZ Inst hm <juad antenna in u recent *tnnn.
V E I P V NO* IS OPERATING HP UJSPV. YF/LAM WAS A JV-
i*mt viaitor to \ El-Land, VI51B1* ha* IWPTI nppomtpd
•yppy. Id t.hr NK\HA. The NBAItA is now eonduptinjc
>»rpinixntinTui1 pud tPfhniral dtenrttWiN *>it the in,
Murmur Net. VEzAMtt w u a ft ire in imppw-iuit mr
Jan. SKT m»tivitip« in I hp Moncton ami,
ONTARIO—^CM. Kov A. Whiff, VK3BUV- Trafflri
VEJIOT M . VK8T5BH tOG, Y E f f ) ? 0 M, VK3DBU Wl,
YKMMKi 70. V B D V 7n YKSKWf ft3. VKflEAM SI,
\ E3EFTL tt. YE3CWT 39. VK3FHK 31, VrF3GMQ 31,
VK3NO VESCLB 30, YE3KXT tt. VKKWD M,
VESANJ VEBEBC 1A, VEBVD 10, YE3WW
VKSFRU 7.
QUEBEC—Sf'M, J.W, Ilwy, YESOJ—SEC i YE3ALK,
VKSIlK. We will Iw Irxikin? Mr the IVMLHP <.f tlif-
iOTD (JET fri how VKI nrttvity narked np. At tliia
writing of Dec.* thpre vnry I it tip «rtivtfy whow-
UPR in that rlirevtlon. It ^cmld for EC* to have
nt. |p«hf. imp Uk.-MI Mmulntixi tpftt durinff tliP ^ a r . Dur-
ing thp illnejw of YESAG1. thp jppeatrr YES AT UUH
fHipd for hy YE2DAH. Bv ffw time this n-porf rpavhwi
it khnnH ha n}i%-ioiiK that nomination* should be
jnndp for voiir iip*t ^OM. My te^ni PTpim in June,
With much rpRTPt m report that YTOKW became a
HiWt Kpy 1 25- T>oc waa on<? of the aection'a
earlier stfltinn»- The 2-metrr v&RK is all earn for
" w a r 5, from n-Dort*. More Mationa will ha Jlateninr to
thia hitfi'lhte than prpviourfy. Ftlici tat ions h YK&AITJ pt
rx^wtif pmir fair HX<y»IJpnf travad an win Uu B a -
dio-( *lnl> i|H l^ri^hpc, Rom^o, i-x-VWWP, nwmt*-
nant ^ M<»UVPIIP?( lettrea d'aopeh VF4KO.
VE2BFT ARTIF aur TP 40 mvtTe* p» V.W. It Y a auftPi
|p tpw-mi \bi Fi'tit train dn matin avee VWAB rt
VESAA en t^tn; re i o p i r v * la frequenpe 3750 be.,
touff lea itmtina a H henm*. TratKc? YETOIt IM,
VRlBllZ'i 59, VE2H\T 35, YE2CP 34, YE30J 16.
YESKC9. VW.VLE
SASKATCHEWAN—SCAT, Gordon f\ |Vnrwf
VK5II|^—WKC*; YESCU. PAM: YESfTZ. OOa: YKSIIQ
and WaKR. YRIBHQ. OVH«: YVSCV and
VWIW. OPS: YESti*, ORSn: VEAGlt nncf VMBQ2.
ItW: VKM3T* \'E5DOp YK5HJ, VE5BO, YE5NX
and VF-MIt, Thp hifr M k now innpptnintf the cuminR
hamfeat in JtfD[iii:L Julv 31 4 and Thpni firr
pnpjes <it t|\p honk, From ftyxtrk to Sputt left. GP* your
eopv from the, Raftfcatnon AtnnteiTr lfadio C^lub. T><w*t.
toifp.'t to uirtipjpatn in tho awardn that w ftotnfc
iimnnd, Hiakntoon liaa thp Wheat Bojt Award, thr four
at Eak, Sask,t aponMnrin^c thp Award, nur
friends t^ the pa*t are celpbratinff tlipir Centennial with
Mio Manitoba Clpntrnmal Mrord* Thern will be « ffaa-
Vstchewan Q^O "Party in the wring, TVtaila will be
invru in tliia cnlumn, Thp fodentchcwan Amatpiir Radio
league svilT IIP inakjtitf a ^>prinl effort thia year to hold
Uirnicn and jotf-toother* in varioua an>aft throughout
th" airmmcr. VE.WN, of ftaakatciiewiH, one of our moat
nrhve haniH in rinnkatrhp^'ari, IN innfitied to a wheel-
i-hair. havina bron a p<4in victim fnr Nime ypM*. Art in
iniw EuJly equipped with 2 inctm and ia able and will-
ing to piny mi active pa*f in public aprviee and 4-mer*
l&rwy poprtmtrnlcationa. A new feature front ftakatrha-
wun in the tvwap Nt-t which mil hptd utter the
rpgjjJjir phoni- lift e&«'h TUP. uiaht. In charge of thja
N^TT.+IRM HIH YKtHZ and V1S5TA. Itpmn of intereat IOT
thi$ piihiTnn wilt J* wlentvier! )vy the HlJM. Traffic;
YETiQL ftfiT VEBBC VEMN I* VESKt V'RSRO 7,
V B B « 7, VVMK rt, VE5KZ 5, VE5EO 4, VE5TX 4
\KS\h i. YK51iK VK5MX VIWU 3t VMF8T 1
YE5PA a. VE5VO \TE5MX 1, VEBYH 1,
 STAFF APRIL 1970
JOHN HUMTOON, W1LVQ
Editor VOLUME LIV NUMBER 4
L LAIRD CAMPBELL* W1CUT
Managing Editor AS ITS OrnCUL JOURNAL, BY THE
DOUGOTMAW, W1CEA AMERICAN RADIO RELAY LEAGUE INO, NEWINGTON, OONN., U.&JL
Acting Technical Editor OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION
WALTER F. LANGI, W1YDS
ROBERT 1 ANDERSON. K1TVT*
GERALD L, HALL, tlPLP
DOUGLAS A. BLAUSLEI, WLKXJI
-CONTENTS-
Aeaimtant Technical Editor*
The Mainline ST-3 HTTY Demodulator
EDWARD P, TELTON, WIHDQ Jrvin M. Hoff, W6FFC 11
VMJF* Editor
Improved 75-Meter Portable Performance tor a Mobile
LEWIS G. McCOT, W1ICF Station Herman LnJco/f, W3HTF 24
Beginner and ivovfc* Let's Talk Transistors, Part VI Robert E. Stoffolm 26
ROD NEWKDK. W9EBRD Building A "Skinnier Linear". .Doug DmMaw, W1CER 32
WILLIAM SMITH, HCER Gimmicks and Gadgets:
LOUISE MOREAU, WB6BBO
JOHN TROSTER W6ISQ A High-C Substitution Box For The Experimenter's
Contributing Editor*
Workbench,... * 36
ROBERT J. R1NALDI, WIGHT Clamping Diodes for CW Break>In. S. Stone, W7BZ 37
Adrertietng Manager Relay Switching tor Increasing Receiver Sensitivity and
EDGAR D. COLLINS Transmitter Output from the HW-17A
Adrertietng Aeetetant Edward Pw Tilton, WIHDQ 38
Using the Yaeiu Musen FTV 6 8 0 Six-Meter Transvexter
L A. MOSEET, W1JMT with the S/Line Katanhi No**, KH6IJ 40
Circulation Manager
CARL I. SMITH, W1CTU Tuning Indicators for the Linear Amplifier
AetUtant Circulation Manager Douglas A+ Blakmslom, W1KLK 42
Radiation Patterns of V Dipoles Over Perfect Grounds
* Oa nftttoxr leave ol Dalo WM Covington, K4QSX 46

OFFICES ORD DK-1 Digital Keyer.. * 81

225 Mote Sheet Technical Correspondence 84
Newfingtan. Connecticut 06111
T&L: 203-666-1941 BEGINNER AND NOVWE—
subscription rste *7.BU per year post- A Receiver Matcher and Preamplifier
paid, fund* Id CeuwA* *nrt UA;
elsewhere. AftttL Monbetafcip, Lewis CL McCoy, W1JCP 21
iiu^ixllns QST\ mutable only to
ImtirtduiU with a bona ode tnterest
In amateur nwlio: 96.01) p*r year.
UJL fund* in Canada aud u.tt,; S7 Results, 36th ARRL November Sweepstakes
tta*h<re» Single i!Dpli% 75 cento.
JtoelRD remittance* ahould be by A1 Noon*, WA1KQM 64
International pout*! or impresi money Evaluations 76
order or bank draft negotiable In the
U.S. and Cor an ccjulvaletit amount
Id U-kl. tunda.
Beeoiufr-oJasa portage paid at Hartford* A Practical Solution to an Impractical FrobI
Clmul and at additional mailing once*.
Ccwrfjriit 1V70 by tue Amerlcaa fu- Marion D. RadlingMhafar, WSLQH 31
dlofteiajLeague, Inn, Title rcglatered 1.6 Contacts Per Square Foot of Real Estate
at U.8. Patent Oltto©* International
ropyrlftkt Becured* AU right* reserved. Katamhi Norn*, KH6IJ 86
Qu&an ruervedoi Mm let dcrtck&t.
Printed In U.B.A. Down to the Sea in Ships (Via Radio)
William R. Holly, WA1HDP 88
INDEXED BT Applied Science and Australis-Oscar 8 William L Dunkerlmy, Jr., WA2JNB 60
Technology Index, Library ot Cob- DX'll Get You if You Don't Watch Out!
Catalog Card No.: 21-8421
Albort Kahn, K4FW 62
The $22,000,000.00 Ham Shack
Harry W. L+win W7JWJ 63
OU&COVBtt FCC's Repeater Rules Proposals 87
Compart, etfi- Advisory Committee Proposes FCC Rules Changes 90
oient tuned Three Clubs Mark Half-Century of League Affiliation.... 9 2
circniita can New Dimensions For Vietnam Mailbags
be built with
toroid cores. ARRLQSL "It Seems to U« 9
Visible here 76 lO
w the pi-n«t- imnj 97 Naur Books 72
wwk output From Mmb N«ws 113
tank Cor the 30 91
Skinnier Lin- ir 97 117
ear dencrihed Happenings ot th* Month... World Abova B0 Mo. ...108
nn page 33.
100 WlAWSefcadul* 116
lARUZVm 96 YLNm&Vwws 103
Index to Advsrtuem 174 2& and 50 Y«a» Ago in QST.. 86
 AMERICAN KOKt#0. KATON*
DIRECTORS
Canada
VE3CJ

RADIO RELAY
Bus csUipttufcnlnwu,Ontario
V ic^ntrrrtor: \t<Jcar& Spencer VKStMtf
171 Ktpiiiiff Ave., BrOcvrirttUid, Quebec
Atlantic Division

LEAGUE, INC.,
UAKKV M<-(*ON.\ftHY WWC
K7UH I'enway in-,, iMtujum; bethr*!*, Md, ttfU
HJ) V*lh' Jew
7 UIUiebcsrmaxi
H H*l-t MttlYrrn, j'o. W »KT
11P.W
li a noncommerctol astociotfon. of radio omqteun, banded for Cen'ra/ ^insJon
the promotion of Interest in omatewr rodbtomrnvnicatton and i • hi LI i» K H.\LM-:K
GIHH) H, TrtPD AV*, Olirngu, lit, 61 WW
e*perijnentatlonE for therelayingof messages by radio, for the i Kdmnud A, .vietner uui'ltN
(pill Hnutti tourth St,,ritirliigOeld,KltntWiU
advanc#ment of the rodfe art and of Hue public welfare, for the'
representation oftiieradio amateur tn legislative matters, and for DaAofa Division
the maintenance of fraternalhm ond a high standord of conduct. ' 'M
Hon fwA itiL(.'n1,
AKJJ& ci. -MlMUM*
South Xt, i'mU, Minn.IVllBtfO
AAU7A
if t% an incorporated associotipn without capital stock, chartered Hrv HiTtrtnr; [Jim* .I.MUImu WD J'AN
J HIT Clnuilili'fi l«l. H.f KinrjnilcigtOn, Minn* ftM
under the laws of Connecticut* ttiaffatn or* governed by a Board '
of Directors* elected every two years by the general membership. Delta Division
The officer* are elected or appointed by the Directors The League MAX ARNOTJi W4WUN
Bltf riopcan Hrj„ Nashville Vmn.
b.noncommercial and no ow commercfalty eogaged in the manv» ^w KrKiiKtln t 'n»«en tt 4WBK
facture, sate or rental of radio apparafc* >i eligible to membership !«ft I'revFvmit nt, ,Mi«niphlB, TVIUL 481UH
on IK board. dreaf LaJfce* Dtviiion
"Off by andforthe amateur/1 it nunfben within it* ranlci practi- A MIAN A, MK^KKf, ttHWC
iw Hontieni Kd., < inririnmi, unio 4431A
cally every worth-whib amateur Tn the nation and hat a history of Dtwivr: rucrin U ^kutt— 'AM'-H^Kb^l't
glorious achievement s the standard-bearer in amateur affaErs* 11M N, tVNrrSt., Lurisune, Mloli. 4HUU
Inquiries regarding membership are solicited. A bona fide Z)iW«iozi
Interest In amateur radio is the only etienltal qualification; owner- HAKHV.T. DXNNALM* WOTI'IT
IB Artior tAne, IMx HUK M74A
ship of a transmitting station and knowledge of the cade are not Vict tH*rmrr HWt ... -. KJMJO
l» JiTimr^ l*ne, i\irr rinst«T» Xcw Vork lUtfil
prerequisite, although full voting membership b granted only to
licensed amateurs. Afidvmf JDiWJvion
H. I-Ifcrfett.. WMQ
All general correspondence should be addressed to the adminis- I'l i(j Orttihn*H uulLi- Nr., XK,, i;«tar kfapnin, fow
trative headquarters at Newlngton, Connecticut 0611 h Ralph V.
Ai'H a Mm tan a Ave,. Hoi I on, Knnsna <M4tS
P**t AeiAfeiiti .V«w DifijIOXI
HttAM PfcRCY MAXIM, W1AW, t?M~l*34 TtnHKKT YnRKrifAl'M \N ttlQV
EUGENE C. WOODRUFF, WftCUP, 1934-1940 JHHoutn HOflil, 4 4r»»trtnr M940
GEORGE W. BAILEY, W2KH, 1940-1952 /ifMyirf4
GOODWIN L DOSUND, W0TSN, 1952-196?
Hmm HOOWR, SK 1962-I9M KMBI-JKlMi. l'H1.TllM| Y»r . ..vwnov
77UI1 HUt Avij,i NScnrtlp, U«tshf U»H3
\ i Unvl-i
LVX 4W),to^r(i. Helena
H^nnetr M7«AlWT^ILK
Off/cejcs
President ' . .ROBERT W, DENNiSTOtV W0DX Pacjiic iMmjon
Box Newton, Iowa 30208 ,!, A* 1X«1 GMKIAN . WW
I<IM^4 W!Uow»«mnk Uny. ^ uiMTtinn, i . m 9«H
fm» Vtee-Pte*feflt - . . . WAYIAND M, GROVES,* W5NW I Muffii en' .HHld>- . \VA0Ai:i>
1406 West 12th Street, Odesio, Texas 79760 77 I'utpmHii iir.,Sdii Knfwii t nlif. VMit
Vlce*Prti«eirf ROEMER O. BEST, W3QKF Aoanoibe Division
Secretary JOHN HUNTOON, WlLVQ \ ICTfilt 1\ r-MKKt Vk 4KFC
lMpm iivati Ko«ii, Iltftnn. dat174
Jreawrer DAVID H. HOUGHTON v i^/Jir^/^* u wtnw ivt vjrr
Mtfl Mill hip Ruttil, Grcoci^bfini, <\ 2/4U7
225 Main St* Newfngtan, Connecticut 06111
Rocky Mountain Dirition
e • • » e v'UM.U^AHTtr .WtlUWJ
UiM 1/iroKt Ht.( I teiiver, ( nUi xiiftfti
I'AWJIW
rtfrfKi ThftiniwNxK.
\loiMfniMi, < k, AlhUijUiTquc, Al.
Honorary Wce-Presfefejit FRANCIS E, HANDY, W1BDI
division
li. li.\LKH|-|«IKrMt U4IHIH
>!•>* Lrliildml, C'rK*nft Ui-nrtl, Hft,
Generaf Manager JOHN HUNTOON,* V/UVQ Charles J. Holvtn KIKQ
v'L-H^.U. J AUG. .illami, Hiu usm
Coromuftfcatio/ij Manager , . , , , , GEORGE HART/W1NJM
technical Director GEORGE GRAMMER, V/1DF Sont/im^rn Division
john i Mm iJu^ta -M* -1*^.
. Cullt,
. • ••t99IUI7
£>*£vr
Atstsfonf Genetaf Manager . RICHARD L, BALDWIN, W1IKE
Atvtkmi Sernttoriec PERRY P. WILLIAMS, W1UED I \rti»lil l>Alilmiiii •
H^vn fliu-tlutid mi.- tun Nnjr*. CalU. U14dA
WM. I DUNKERLEY, JRf WA2INB ROBERT M. MYERS, W1FBY Wm*t Gulf Divimion
725 Main St* Newington, Connecticut 06111 w«iv i. \u«iiiiMir watcyo
• « « « * till KrwrmiUV ' . AntnntO. h' <x«m 7H1HK)
I |y»sW I . Hurliln WfiliVQ
P&linnuit tort Wurtti. Ic^na 7biU7
General Ctun*/ ROBERT M. BOOTH, JR^ W3PS ^ Mpmhrt1 Mwatlvf ivimmUtre
J150 Cormectrcut Avenue, N, W., Washington, D. C 20036
Auo<tateCo<jns*l ARTHUR K. MEEN, Q.C, VE3SX
Suite 2219, 44 King St. West, Toronto 1, Ontario
"It Seems to Us..."
CAN IT CET ANY WORSE ?
AS WE write this page the month of March
has just arrived with Us traditional
bluster. (Two inches of snow are on the
ground, and five more forecast.) But the
howling winds of March arc nothing to the
howls of anguish that we're sure to get in a
few weeks - if the pattern of the pa&t
several months continues. I f s nothing un-
usual (lately), mind you, because those
howls will come from good and loyal mem-
bers who would like to know where in the
heck is their March for January, or February
- you name it) issue of Q&Tt
For some forty years QST has been
printed at the same plant and mailed in the
same fashion. In all that time there has been
a minimum of complaints about late- or
non-delivery of the journal. Mailing nearly
100,000 copies each month, it is to be
expected that a few copies will go astray, be
damaged in transit, or be considerably de-
layed. But in the past year the situation has
become nearly chaotic. Despite the fact that
QST continues to be mailed from the same
location at Concord, New Hampshire, on the
same 20th of the month (give or take a day
or two, depending on huw the weekend
falls), we are literally - being inundated
with letters from rightfully-angry members
about weeks-late QST deliveries.
Most members blame us> We almost wish
it were our fault, or the printer's, because
then it would be a comparatively-simple
problem to tackle.
But what has happened is a deterioration
in the quality of the U, S. postal service, and
at the moment we like hundreds of other*
producing maga'/ines - are powerless to
remedy it.
There are approximately 90,000 members
of ARRL to whom an individual copy of
QST is mailed each month. Our membership
files are maintained on Addressograph plates
which, in accordance with postal regulation,
are in Zip code sequence. Each month, just
before mailing time, the printer is supplied
with a complete set of address labels, which
his machinery glues to the magazine wrap-
pers. It requires about 2 days for the printer
to wrap, label and ship the first v>(),U00
copies. West coast copies are mailed first,
then the ccntrai part of the cuuntry, and last
of all to us Easterners. The intent is that all
copies nationwide will arrive at about the
same time (!). In addition, for many years
we have delayed for two days the shipment
of copies of QST bound for radio stores so
that League members would receive prefer-
ential service.
For years, the system worked fine, with
only minor disruptions. Today, two hams
living on opposite sides of the same street in
a New York suburb may receive their copies
days or weeks apart, despite the fact they
were mailed from New Hampshire on the
same date. Out on the west coast, it may
take a* much as three weeks for all of the
copies to he delivered in the Southwestern
Division, Another instance? The February
issue was delivered in at least parts of the
Bay Area (California) on February 2nd
(wonder of wonders!), yet on the 20th of
that month Director Albright was plagued
with phone calls from members in major
Texas cities who still were awaiting their
copies. Director Michel had to go to the
superintendent in Cincinnati to blast loose
weeks-late copies for local hams, after mem-
bers in nearby rural areas had Vin a week or
so earlier. One more? G3XPM received his
March copy on March 5, which offhand
sounds like mighty fast service. But it
happens that he is /W1 with a QTH in the
same town as the magazine was mailed on
February 20th — A'ewin&iana Connecticut.
We had intended to provide you more
details on this problem, and uti request
through our printer the United States Post
Office in Boston kindly agreed to provide
some factual background material on the
general transportation and rail/truck/(dog-
sled?) routings, etc. But w e \ e had to cuiue
to a grinding halt. The material was mailed
by the Postmaster's office in Boston on
Monday afternoon, March 2, addressed to
Concord, New Hampshire. 75 miles away.
Late Thursday night, when we had to close
this issue and go to press, the material had
still not arrived.
Maybe by next month we can cutilinue
our storyf IQB*H
 League L i n e s . .

Though not quite of the scope of incentive licensing, in the proposal stage are a
couple of FCC dockets which would have marked impact on ham radio. See "Flaps"
this month for info on plans to recoup the entire FCG $24 million budget through
license f e e s . And see subsequent pages for another major development - - FCC-
proposed new rules for repeater operation (plus some other items) • Also you will
find the report of our VHF Repeater Advisory Committee, which we assume will
form the basis of the official League comment when the Board makes its decisions
May 1.

Oar film, "Ham's Wide (or is it 'Wild'?) World" is still booked heavily to school
ymups and other non-amateur audiences throughout the country. In addition to
many showings arranged by the director family (see next item) and H q . , Ln the
first two months of this year the film had been shown 282 times in 38 different
states, through the facilities of Modem Talking Picture Service.

Infective dedication — Rocky Mountain Division Asst. Director W5J.QH made good
rind fast use of a loan print of the new film. In 16 days he personally conducted
21 showings to high school and Boy Scout audiences, with an oral presentation and
question-and-answer session to boot. Moreover r he got full cooperation from the.
Mesilla Valley Radio Club, which backed him by supplying the ARRL "How to Be-
come" series for each school library!

The summer tourist season i s almost upon us. If you're going abroad (or if you are
DX coming to North America) and would like to do some operating in those areas
where reciprocal agreements are in effect, get your applications in early. Several
weeks minimum is required for processing, so don't postpone too long. A list of
the countries with which Canada arid the U . S . have reciprocal agreements is on
page G6 of March QST. If you have additional questions, try u s .

Looked closely at your license recently? Not expired, we hope] Right address?
We've come across a high percentage of Gallbook "errors" mostly attributable to
failure of licensees to keep FCC informed. Keep us informed, too — tell us directly
of changes of address as soon as you know* Our manual system of records takes
almost the same 60 days a modern computer requires to make address changes
effective.

Coming East? Hq. is open Monday through Friday, 8:30 in the morning to 4 P . M .
and we welcome visitors on a "drop-in" b a s t s . Other times and days by advancc
appointment, which can be arranged especially for groups. We'll be closed on
May 29, July 3 and September 7 to make up for regular holidays falling on weekends
The W1AW visiting hours, somewhat more extensive, are outlined in the "Operating
News" section of this issue *

Hamfest coming? Register your date with Hq. and avoid possibly-costly conflict
with maior activities of nearby clubs,

Quote-of-the-month from a tush/special delivery/urgent release issued by a pro-

fessional society {best left unidentified) announcing an awards banquet; "To the
W1AW News Room — we would appreciate your placing this on your several news
notices at once. 11

10 QST for
The
Mainline
ST-3
RTTY
Demodulator
and the ST-4 for 170-Us Shift
BY I R V I N M . HOFF,*
h a t are the minimum RTTY demodulator
W requirements for reception ul both vhi
and hf? When receiving UTTY annals
on vlif, many of the problem* associated with
the hf band* jwsl do not occur. Such thinga aa
selective fading, adjacent-chaunul QltM, static
due to thunderstorms, and so forth, are rarely
encountered. In addition, ftu in often uaed to-
gether with repealers, where fluctuation* in
signal strength are not a problem. Squelch in
normally available to lock the receiver hitu
standby if there in no aignal present. Cw inter-
fereuce is rarely encountered, and so few stations
art! present that cryubal operation is frequently
u&ed, keeping udjacejit-ehamiel interference to
& minimum.
AH a ootuiequeuce, the most elementary TU
ur demodulator is often quite enuugh, and many
of the unique problems of the hf bands* are uf
no <*>nc*ern to the vhf enthusiast. The schematic
of the typical vhf UTTV TU amply demon-
strates the simplicity possible. On the other
hand, almost none of the umta designed for vhf
ate really much more than barely adequate
when ufied in the hf b&ncK
At hf we get into problems which are rarely
experienced on liigher frequencies. Probably
the wontt problem of all i* cw interference, and
next in adjacent-channel interfereuce (other sta-
tions close by J. Static, high noi*e levels, ^elective
fading, improper shift., and drift all contribute
to the f4 nightmare11 of hf UTTY- To minimize
cw interference (probably* the toughest uf all
the problem*)}, you can turn the receiver avc
oft and go to limitcrlesa copy wit (l sharp tillers.
Thifl takes a rather advanced tietnodulator ds-
* 12130 Foothill Lane, Altos Hills, CAMUM.
April 1970
Tho author's ST-4 demodulator, built exclusively for copy-
ing 170-Hz shift RTTY signal*. The ST-3 demodulator
is sicncloTp but primarily covers 850-Hz shift signals. Being
completely solid state, the device can be housed in a
relatively small enclosure. Only four switches are required
on the front panel. The meter is optional, and provides a
tuning Indication for use in the hf amateur bands. An
aluminum chassis is used for a cabinet A decorative self-
adhesive paper provides the grained-wood appearance.
W6FFC
sign, Kuch aw the Mainline TT/L 1 or TT/IX2*
with Ihe suphisticaVtHl threshold computer and
narrow Butterworth filter^8 This i* also the
answer for selective fading and adjacent-channel
luterfererice. Not much can be done to eliminate
btatic and high-noise-level problems.
What are tiie jniliiuium requirements for both
vhi and hf? This is a somewhat difficult question
to answer because it depends HO much upon
your own experience, First of all, you need a good
Umiter. {Im'a not bring ''Jimiteiiess" demodu-
lators into the minimum-requirements discus-
sion.) Few demodulators have offered a really
decent Jimiter in the past, other than the TT/L
or TT/L-2, which limit to around -tH) dB.4
Yuu will also need well balanced filters to
develop similar voltage* for both mark and
space tones, and to obtain good noise cancellation
when there is no signal. You should have a high-
voltage loop supply of at least 320 volts and
preferably more, 150 to 250 volts. Although the
RTTY mactiine itself can work on voltages as
Low as 24 volt* and even less immense amounts
of distortion are added. A paper by lion
Quentsler* show* that prmten* operated in _a
< Hnff. 11 The Mainline TT/L F.S.K Demodulator,"
Aiiftuat, 19B5.
* tvtwwn* "Tho Mainline TT 'L-2 F.&K, Demodulator/'
Part*
3
l KOfi II, Q8T. \Uy and Juuie, LOefl.
fluff, " Hijcth-Pprformiuirp KTTV Filter*" Stp-
t*tnber. t«rt«.
4
7mm <i U doKnpH ** 0.774 vaU ai-ron* a t)U0-nhm lotui,
tt condition producing I m\\ nf pouw in the Um*L How-
tiie authiirV refomw* mnilft tiw
level rather Lhan the finu»?r Im-rl, h*vnuwj tho impofltuicH
throughout the circuit- im ant ricrcmrtfy HUU ohmft, Th*
dB refer* to the minimum input signal )py?I at. vfhfaU
the tune wave Kturta bei-uiniiitf limitei. — tfHitor.
1
Giienusler, "More About Telegraph i/oop^,'4 HTTY
Jottrnal, January, 1068.
11
Fig, The Mainline ST-3 or ST-4 RTTY demodulator. Unleti otherwise Indicated, resistors are !A-watt 1 0 % tolerance.
Capacitors with polarity indicated are electrolytic. The ST-3 covert primarily 850-Hz shift fsk or afsk signals, while
the ST-4 covers only 17t>-Hz or less shift. Although the baste circuit is the same, component values for the two demode
lators differ in some instances, as indicated in the parts list below, Dc operating voltages are Indicated in the limiter,
steer, keyer, and autoprlnt and motor delay circuits. All voltages are measured with respect to chassis ground with a
VTVM. In the slicer and keyer stages, voltage values above the line should appear with a mark tone present at the
demodulator input, while values below the line appear with a space tone present. In the autoprlnt and motor delay cir-
cuit, voltage value* above the line occur with a mark or space tone present while those values below the line are present
with only receiver noise applied at the demodulator input- Transistor O-number identification conforms to information
contained in the drcuit-board pattern.
Ci—Optional for ST-3 only. Not applicable to ST-4* C a — 0 , 0 1 pF mylar or disk, 600 volt. Omit if of keying
C ? — 0 . 0 3 3 fxF for ST-3; 0.56 pf for ST-4; paper or output Is not used.
mylar, 75» or 100-volt rating. CRI, CRS, CRTP CRH, CRH, C R U I — C R « hcL, CRsa—Silleon
diode, PIV 5 0 or greater (1N4816 or equiv.).

1 v o l t . loop m n easily exceed 6 0 percent s p a r i n g Urn* o f 270~Hx Shift

bias. T h r o a m o u n t is essentially intolerable.
R a i s i n g the loop potential to Hfl v o l t s can ntHl
m u i l t in as much. a * ftl to 3 3 percent .sparing
bias. I f the i n c o m i n g signal is n l m distorted, this
can create * u i m m e n s e n u m b e r of p r i n t i n g errors
H.t. times w h e n others m a y c o p y perfectly. W i t h
a ISO-volt* loop, the h i m n a u be reduced to 2
percent o r less, a n insignificant a m o u n t .
U n f o r t u n a t e l y , not m a n y fellows M in-
clined to t r y n a r r o w or 17D-IT& ghift (as o p p o s e d
to # 5 < M I z or n o r m a l shifl). I t w o u l d be a " i i a t i i -
ratl,t for v h f where a u d i o tone* are fad i n t o tiu?
min. i n p u t a n d , an a rauilt* s u c h t h i n g s aa drift
are no p r o b l e m .
OIL 8 - to CLO-MIIZ frequencies, o n e ia able TN
use i h e n a r r o w i-f position u n the receiver.

12 QST for
 AUTOPRNT AND MOTOR DELAY

S X l

TTT /MOT
MOTOR 1

wwe

POWEB SUPPLY
Cfttt THRU CR|4,IMCL.

O4-I60V

Q s , Q t , Qia—Audio transistor, pnp silicon (Motorola M P S -

3 7 0 2 or equiv.).
QhiQj—General-purpose transistor, npn silken (Motorola
M P S 2 9 2 6 or equiv.}.
QA, QIS—Atidfo transistor, npn silicon, 3 0 0 - V collector-
emitter rating (Motorola MJE340 or equiv.).
o+iev Kc—10 r 000-ohm linear taper control submtnfatwe, for
horizontal circuit-board mounting {Mallory MTC-
14L4 or equiv.).
Rs—Linear taper control, subminlature, for horizontal cir-
cuit-board mounting; 10,000 ohms for ST-3
(Mallory MTC14L4 or equivj; 5 0 0 0 ohms for
ST-4 (Mallory MTC53L4 or equiv.). Note: The
U0WC 10,000-ohni control may be used satisfactorily
for the ST-4 but Its adjustment will be somewhat
« CI A N O S * OPTOML
BOTTOM VIEW
FOR S H ONLX SEC
more sensitive.
8 10 I t W WSCR.^ILTER 9CCTI0M OF R»—Fixed composition) 5 6 0 0 ohms for ST-3j 6 8 0 0 ohms

3
TEXT. 4* OMIT CJ AND 41 for ST-4.
IP JUT K E Y I N G OUTPUT 13
NOT USCD.
R*—Fixed composition; 18,000 ohms for ST-3j 4 7 0 0
I I I ! 1 ohms for ST-4.
BP t 7 9 &t Rs—Fixed composition; 82,000 ohms for ST-3; 91,000
BRA» KATE IS
nTNNCCTso TO COUJETD* ohms for ST-4.
Rc—Fixed composition; 0.1 megohm for ST-3, 0.11
CRa—CRb IncL—Germanium diode, type 1N270, megohm for ST-4.
C R i o — C R u ind.—Silicon rectified PIV 4 0 0 or greater ft;—Fixed composition. Use 1000-ohm value if audio Input
( 1 N 4 0 0 4 or equiv-l, is connected directly to receiver output; if input
Zener diode, 12-V, 1 - W (Sarket-Tarzlan V I M 2 bandpass filter of Fig. 3 Ts used, value Is 4 7 0 0
or equiv.). ohms*
CR 3 i—Zener diode, 4.3-V, 400-mW (1N4731 or equivj. Rh—Fixed composition, 5 6 0 ohms; omit if input bandpass
J|P in—Phone jacks. Omit Ji if af keying output is not used. filter of Fig. 3 b used.
Jx—Phone jock, single circuit, shorting. S i — S 5 incL—Spst toggle. Ss optional for ST-3 only; not
K i — 1 1 0 - V dc relay, dpdt contacts with 10-A minimum applicable to ST-4.
rating (Potter and Bromfield type K A 1 1 D G or Ti—Power; primary 120 V ; secondary 125 V (Chicago-
equiv,). Stancor PA-8421 or Triad N 5 1 - X or equiv.).
Li, U — 8 8 mH toratd. (See footnote 11.1 T*—Power; primary 120 V ; secondary 12 V, 3 5 0 mA
Q i , Q s , Q», Q * Q n , Qui—Audio transistor, npn silicon (Chicago-Stancor P-8391 or equiv.).
(Motorola M P S 3 3 9 4 or equiv). U1 -Integrated-draft operational amplifier, G E PA238.

E n t h u s i a s t * lusitifi narrow shift h a v e f o u n d t h a i we c a n d i s c u s s the " o p t i o n a l e x t r a s / ' T h e

nrich t h i n g s jis cw interference a m i adjacent-
chamiel interference a m tmrnuilly all b u t elitni-
uated, a n d the etfivt* of static crashes are e v e n
m i n i m i z e d b y the better s i g u a L t u - n o i s e ratio.
Automatic Printer Control
A l l of these p r i n t s s o far h a v e been related
to c o p y i n g the s i g n a l 111 a decent, manner. N o w
m o s t i m p o r t a n t of these, p a r t i c u l a r l y o n vhf,
is tonne sort of a u t o m a t i c a r r a n g e m e n t t h a t will
energize the printer w h e n e v e r a s i g n a l ( R T T Y
o n l y , o f course!) ootnes OIL the frequency. O n
v h f where s q u e l c h ia e m p l o y e d a n d where cw
is rarely used o n a n R T T Y frequency, the m o s t
elementary m e a n s c a n b e e m p l o y e d . A s i m p l e
system, c o n s i s t s of a capacitor across a relay.

April 1970 13
BO that it takes 4 or 5 seconds of steady mark operational amplifier. About this time the low-
to turn the unit uu, and either no signal at cost GE FA238 operational amplifier became
ail (squelch, again) or a steady space for tf or available, so the HT-2 was designed for vhf
8 seconds to turn it off, This system suffers use. This was identical to the ST-3, but without
from probleKnst though. It requires a special motor delay, and used a set »jf relay contacts
"turn-on" signal, acid the turn-off method is to mute the keyer stage for standby. The unit
uut always satisfactory, particularly if a voice worked so well that motor delay ww added, and
signal comes on the frequency immediately after the ST-3 became exceptionally versatile for any
the tone signal has stopped. use, on 3 to 30 MHz as well as vhf. The ST-4 was
On 3 to 30 MHz, automatic printer control then designed exclusively for 170-Hz shift. The
is just as desirable. But here, cw signals are "super-deluxe" job using 14 high-performance
the main problem. You now need a system that uperational amplifiers will eventually be (.'.ailed
will turn on without any special procedure, a the tiST, and portions of the ST-3 circuit will
system that does not respond to cw, and pref- be used, such HA for autoprint The "HT"
erably a delay system that will keep the motor stands for semiconductor type.
running for at least a half-minute or so while the Thefc4T-4was developed for those interested
other station is identifying by cw. (This keeps only in 170-112 shift, and is particularly useful
the motor from turning on and utf after each for autostart purposes. I t is basically an ST-3
HTTY transmission.) to which a special bandpass input filter and
The term "autostart" has been lifted in the discriminator for 170-IIz shift have been sub-
past to mean fixed-frequency tnouitoring, such stituted. It is perhaps the first demodulator
as on net frequencies But automatic printer intended solely for narrow shift reception tsv«r
control and autostart need not be considered in offered the RTTY enthusiast.
equal terms at all, If you have an RTTY printer, The particularly outstanding features of the
you will have a use for automatic printer control. HT-3 and ST-4 are the autoprint section, the
Fully automatic printer control (autopiint) high-voltage loop, and the extraordinary limiting
is useful for any frequency, because the operator available with the new iutegratcri-circuil front
need not be present. The machine will respond end. The overall features are as follows: The
to an RTTY signal, and return itself to standby demodulator
if the elgnai ceases. Soon afterward, the printer 1) Adapts to a variety of audio input schemes.
motor will also turn off. If you walk uut to 2) Has a low-oust linear integrated operational
the kitchen for a moment during a QBO and the amplifier (op amp) — the first such circuit
other station turns it back to you unexpectedly, presented to RTTY enthusiasts.
without some automatic feature you may get 3) Has at least - 6 0 dB of limiting.
back to lind the machine running "wild," 4) Has a well-balanced filter design with ex-
printing only random garble and turning up the cellent noise cancellation.
paper tike a child in the bathroom. Autopiint 5) Has a simple but effective low-pass filter
would have locked the unit in standby when the (RC type).
signal stopped. 6} Has very high gain in the "slicer" faction,
If you want to monitor an interesting QSO allowing reception of shifts under 20 Has with
atid still leave the room to eat dinner, mow the the ST-3, under 5 Hz with the ST-4.
lawnv watch television, or even go to the office, 7) Uses an inexpensive JJUO-volt loop-keyer
you can do so with autoprint, knowing full well transistor.
the machine will go back to mark (standby) 8; Has a most unique automatic printer control
when the stations have stopped transmitting. 1 (autoprint) that ignores cw acid voice.
even leave my equipment running when T am 9) Has motor delay to k*cp the motor from
out of town for several days at a time. needlessly turning on and off.
You nan find this feature to be extremely 10) Ts dc coupled from input to printer for
useful for MAliS participation, also. Tune in minimum distortion.
the frequency using autoprint, and cume back 11) Uses a bigh-vultage loop (160 volts) for
an hour or two later to see what went on. Only minimum distortion.
ou RTTY can such a simple but fully automatic 12) May be used easily for repeating (retrans-
arrangement be set up. mitting).
13) Uses unly parts available from any getter&l
Dmvlopment of the ST-3 and ST-4 distributor.
The Mainline ST-3 is an indirect result of 14) Is low in cost. Total cost of att parts is
a super-deluxe state-of-the-art demodulator that about $50.
the author has been developing since the fail of
1967, As it turned out, a rather simple but Circuit Description
quite effective little demodulator could be con- The schematic diagram of the h m e HT-3/ST-4
structed that should be far superior to what demodulator is shown in Fig. 1.
tnost vhf fellowB have been using, and probably
superior to the run-of-the-mill 3- to iSO-MHs AUDIO JLNStTT
demodulator as welL Although intended tu be operated from a
The 3T-1 was an attempt to use an inexpensive r»00-ohm input, the demodulator's dynamic raugu
RCA linear integrated circuit which was not an is so great that you can run the unit directly

14 QST for
The bottom cover removed for a look intlde the demodulator. On the lower right corner of the etched circuit board
are the three toroidal inductors aitociafed with the bandpasi input fitter; nearer th« center of the board are the two
toraEd* associated wHh th* discriminator. The 12-volt and 160-volt power supply transforms™ are located off the board,
in the lower portion of this photo.

from a 3.2-ohm speaker tap, if desired. However,
this will automatically towa out u fair amount of
signal, and, in this care, we recommend that
you make a habit of running the receiver ut a
pretty high audio level. Then, if the speaker
hot Jims you, use either a volume conf nil f t pud"
or el*e a fixed realtor in series with the speaker.
If you wish, you can change It* al. the audio
input to a 4.7-ohm value to terminate the upeaker
tap.
A umali voiee-roi 1-to-nOO- or lUUO-ohm trim*-
former may be added between the speaker and
the input to the ST-3, in which «a*e you can
then pretty much dfcrogard the roceiver audio
output level, an long a* it's something you can
hear in the speaker. Such transformers can
be purchased for a&low as 4iW at stores^perialixing
in imported products.
The audio input is held to a maximum of 0.6
volt by Cf(\ and t'/fo Thetie are not limitera
in the uaual sense, but instead are abided only
to protect the integrated circuit. Some receivers,
when run wide open, can deliver as much a* III)
vnlfct across a 5U0-ohm load, r fhe integrated
circuit can handle only about 1.5 voJta peak
without internal damage. Normal speaker level
on KTTY would be about a dB level,
which lb approximately 0,4 volt. Fades will
radically reduce that level, *o a good limiter is
required to keep signal levels constant.
THE UUTTEE
The GE PA238 IC waa the first an then tin
operational amplifier gelling for substantially
lew than $8. Tt has an open-loop gain of around
75 dB. It normally requires plua-and-minu8
6 volto, but by uuiuR it a» we have here, only
+12 volte needed. The output will be + 6 volts
dc with no uignal input, and mil be a Ill-volt
peak-to-tjeuk square wave, swinging from about
+ 1 to +11 volt*, when an input uignal ift being
fully limited. (This waveform w shown in one of
the photographs, J Because we extract, the audio
component with the filter section, the dc level
is of no coiwequetice. (It would be, however, if
this scheme were uxed for a slicer, for instance,
where dc input ftignaU are amplified.)
THK MBCRlllIINATOtt J'llSI'KR
The 10-volt riignal from the limiter in more
titan adequate to drive the simple discriminator
filter flection, Although the output impedance of
the op-amp limiter is quite low, the isolating
resistor* provide a predetermined filter band-
width for the HT-3 of about ISO Ha at the - 3 dB
point* or 290 Has at the —ti dB pointa.
In the 8T-3, the mark-frequency filter tuned
to 2125 i Iz and the apace frequency to 2H75 H«.
Tlife is standard practice for both vhf and hf.
In the dT-4, the mark-frequency filter is tuned
to 2125 and the space to 2295 Hz.
The ST-3 was intended principally for KfifJ-U*
uhift reception, although "aa i*" it will copy
to lens than 20 Ifc shift by "straddle tumng."
If you occasionally copy 170-Hz nhift, you may
add the »U22-j*F capacitor, C'u a n ( i toggle switch
shown in Fig. 1. Closing the switch retunes

April 1970 15
the spare filter from 2975 to 230ft Ha, effectively
switching from 850- to 170-Hz fchift. However,
the autostart system may nut work properly
in this *'170 u position, as the discriminator
balance is not maintained. If the (mil is to be
used solely for tTIMla shift reception, consider-
ation should be given 1« building the WT-4.
TTO OBTBCTOR KKCTION
Full-wave df»tRctiou is offerod in the detector
section by grounding the ceo tew* of the toroids.
This makes filtering of the signal much e;**ier
and allows reception of very small shifts when
followed by high-gain ampiitiprs. (germanium
diodes are used for tJU% through CR* because of
their very low forward voltage drop at low
voltages. The output uf the detector stage id
approximately 1.3 volts dc, positive uu mark and
negative on space.
Ixodes C'i?7 and OR$ are silicon, arranged in
a manner to give an equal negative voltage at
point A for both mark and space tones when the
Input aLgnal i* correctly tuned. This voltage
is used for the uutoprint control system,
TILE SLICE R SECTION
If the term *slicer" has been troubling you,
4
you can call it a switch, if you prefer I t altould
turn un or turn okf, as the signal alternates
between mark and space. This in all it does.
On narrow shift, ^jgruil* will have very small
voltages at the detector output. The slioer stage
luts several transistors cascaded to amplify the
detector output voltage sufficiently to operate
the fiO-mtlliampere loop, even for narrow-shift,
signals with the At Kft-liz *hift in the
HT-3t the input current to Q\ is only around two
microamperes, so you can m the need for
several high-gain amplifier stiiges.
The " crossover point" on the HT-4 <Iiscrimi-
nator is 2210 tlx. Tlie uuit has so much gain
in the slicor stagc lhat a 1- to 2-lta change in
audio frequency around 2210 11% will cause the
keyer to swing from complete conduction to
complete cutoff.
The impedance at the input of the standby
stage; Qif is about 310 ohms, so 110 ticVd to worry
about lead length*, ek*. However some con-
sideration must be given to rf, su the U.UU1-mF
capacitor effectively prevent* any stray if from
affecting the kcyer circuit.
AN OPTIONAL NORMALrRjuVERSK SWITCH
In normal UTTY operation, the audio tone of
2li!5 lU for mark is shifted higher in pitch for
Kpace — to 2i)7r) lla for 8S0-FT* ^hift, or to
Hz for J7U-lta shift. In the hi bands, this will
occur only when the signal is tuned as if it were
a ^ lower wideband" transmission. On rare
occasion, a station will be transmitting hack-
wards from normal, or "upside down." This
happens so infrequently that no normal-reverse
switch wus added to the baste diagram. After
all, one can go to upper sideband to copy the
fellow, or nsk him to invert his shift, if you
feel you must have an upside-down switch, use
16
Fig. 2—-Normal-rover*© witch, Sir Qr, QA, and Hi* 22-kU
rethtor appear in Fig. 1, and a r t shown here only to
Indicate the point* in the circuit which are twitched by Sa.
5n—Dpdt toggle*
that shown In Pig. This involves only an
additional dpdt switch mounted on the frout
panel, ffowevt-r, such a switch is almost super-
fluous aitd hence was nut placed on the basic
schematic.
Tira KWTJ3R STAOK
The keyer atuge uses a low-cost !J00-volt
transistor. The loop supply provides about 190
volts when the keyer transistor, is cut off.
This provides negligible distortion to the priuter.
rieveral machines may be run in series in this
configuration, The circuit is arranged for ti0-mA
loop operation, so check your printer selector
magnets to make Mire I hey rtra wired in parallel.
(Put an ohmmeter across the plug hooked to the
maguets and you should get around a titt-nhm
indication: if the windings are in series yuu'U
read around 200 ohms, which you don't want.)
\ haric-emf voltage is created by the ruaguet*
when they open for space. This voltage was
measured on an oscilloscope to be 75 volts, so
a voitagrs-absorhtug network ha* been added to
the cuilertnr uf Q&. Tilts network does not
eliminate tlie back^tnf voltage, but reduces it to
where it is not. a problem. If you tried to elimi-
nate the voltage completely, you would create
other problems by adding distortion to the pulses
for the printer, tfa draws only 0.012 watt on
mark, no heat sink is required.
THIS AFftK ANO tfSK OUTPUT*
Most afsk unite tkw1 a oonduct-011-mark input,
so it was convenient to supply an atsk output
frout the emitter of 'I'his network will supply
about 4 or tuA of current to a germanium diode.
If your transmitter needs a conduct-ou-space
input for use on H to HO Mils i.most transmitters
do J you cats add the optional fsk driver stiige
.^hown in Kg. I. This stage will also provide
abouL 4 or n tnA currcul to a germanium diode,
such as the IN270 — which in ideal for use in
fsk circuits for to oU-blils tratemitters.
If either keying output is used, be sure to
bypaaa the output with a O.Ul-jiF capacitor,
where the output leaves the chassis.
QST for

AUTOMATIC VUIKTUK CONTROL (AIITOPKINT) AND
MOTOK IHiiiAY
On Morse cw, the averJtgc key-down t i m e is
p r o b a b l y less t.han 5 0 ' u n l e s s t h e n a r r a t o r r u n *
all his d o t * a n d d a s h e s t o o t h e r . Un voire, t h e
a v e r s e " k e y - d o w n " t i m e is p r o b a b l y u n d e r
R T T Y , however, is u n i q u e in t h a t it in
re:tlly 1 0 0 / r key d o w n , because t h e carrier is on
continuously a t hf cjp a tone- in continuously
present when utsk is used, b u t t h e f r e q u e n c y
s h i f t s f r o m m a r k t o s p a r e . O n e of t h e t w o f r e -
quencies in a h m t / s present, unless t h e signal h a s
(uded m o m e n t a r i l y , T h u s , if we s a m p l e b o t h
mark anil s p a c e channels, there s h o u l d a l w a y s lie
a voltage Uj o p e r a t e t h e p r i n t e r control s y s t e m .
iJiodes VR7 a n d f>U*i di> t h i s s a m p l i n g . N o w ,
if we devise a s y s t e m t h a t require* tui a v e r a g e
of Y-1% k e y down or mote, i t hhoiild ignore
and voice, a n d yet respond to l i T T Y with no
special call-up procedure*. Well, 7 5 % i* a b o u t
a ll:i r a t i o of att-ack-UinJischarge time, an we
m a k e o u r s y s t e m bitch t h a t i t t a k e s t h r e e or
f o u r second* t o t u r n ON, and abouL o n e f e c u n d to
release. T h e 1-secund period allows e n o u g h t i m e
so r h a t an occasional, IOSH uf signal d u e t o
s t a t i c or fade* will n o t p u t y o u o u t of business
until t h e a t t a c k t i m e f a n again let t h e p r i n t e r
o p e r a t e . T h « ft- or 4-*econd v a l u e , on t h e o t h e r
h a n d , allows t h e s y s t e m t o i n t e g r a t e o v e r a
sulficiently long t i m e t h a t m o m e n t a r y nojse
spikes, fade**, e t c . , will n o t a f f e c t t h e o u t p u t b y
an appreciable amouuL
T o cun&ider t h e o p e r a t i o n , let's firat t a k e
a look at t h e s i t u a t i o n when t h e r e id no signal
present*. T h e v»ltagr_> f r o m t h e m i n u s - m i n u s line
a t p o i n t A will n o t be e n o u g h t o overcome t h e
forwiird biro on t h e b a s e of as p r o v i d e d b y
t h e 12{Mttt resistor; hence, Q* will c o n d u c t . T h i s
p u t s a fft-jtA. c u r r e n t tiirough i t s collector iv-
bistor a n d allows Q i t o c o n d u c t , an Q i now h a s
a v o l t a g e d r o p across it* b a s e - e m i t t e r j u u e t i u u .
T h e collector-emitter j u n c t i o n of Qt is turn
effectively short-circuited, so t h e lnl)-pF c a p a r i -
t o r U k e p t charged t o near I h e h u p p l y v o l t a g e
of +11 volts. T h i s allow* Qh to c o n d u c t , w h i c h in
t u r n p u t * Qv i n t o c o n d u c t i o n , causing Qm to
c o n d u c t as well. T h e collector of Qw in connected
to t h e collector of ami t h i s s i t u a t i o n causes
t h e p r i n t e r l o b e locked iu m a r k (80 m . \ of loop
c u r r e n t HowingJ. A t t h e s a m e time, t h e voltage
a t t h e collector of Q* is o n l y a b o u t [)M volt., HO
d i o d e ( - f i t doe* nut c o n d u c t . T h u s , Q n does n o t
c o n d u c t , n o r d o e s Q n t so t h e m o t o r control r e l a y
is upon a n d t h e m o t o r is off.
N o w when a signal comes along, e n o u g h
n e g a t i v e voltage a p p e a r s a t t h e b*ise uf tu
t u r n i t off. T h u s , i t " o p e n s / * a n d t h e r e is n o
v o l t a g e d r o p across it* collector resistor, do t h e
b a s e - e m i t t e r v o l t a g e uf Q7 drops. Q i i:fuinofc
c o n d u c t , a n d t h e r e is jsero voltage on collector.
T h e c h a r g e 0 1 1 t h e L A Q - J I F c a p a c i t o r now slowly
bleeds off, m o s t l y t h r o u g h t h e 27-k U resistor
(S* U o p e n f o r autoprint. operation)* T h e i n p u t
i m p e d a n c e of Qh in a b o u t 1M megohm*, so Qm h a s
v e r y little effects o n t h e d i s c h a r g e r a t e ,
As the 15U-/iF capacitor discharges, Q* stops
April 1970
»
c o n d u c t i n g when t h e volt-age a t \U b a s e falls
to a b o u t 1.7 volte. T h i s causes In p»top i n -
d u c t i n g , us well as f^io. A t this t i m e t h e r e is no
voltage at point. H f r o m Q\u, a n d t h e p r i n t e r
is five to do w h a t e v e r liie d e t e c t o r o u t p u t v o l t a g e
d i c t a t e s . A t tlie s a m e t i m e , (Vfy conduct*, a n d
t h e U O - J I F capacitor b e a m i e r c h a r g e d to near t h e
s u p p l y voltage. T h i s , in t u r n , causes to
conduct., which t u r n s on a n d closes t h e
relay with a b o u t 11 m A o f c u r r e n t
T h e third a n d l a s t s i t u a t i o n o c c u r s w h e n t h e
tnntor is r i m u i u g ( a signsd bus been present),
a m i then t h e signal entls. N o w ^ again c o n d u c t s ,
c o n d u c t s , ami t h e ca.pacitor LH quickly
c h a r g e d , mining thn v o l t a g e uii t h e b a s e of Q*.
As t h e v o l t a g e pan<ers a b o u t 1,7 volts, con-
<lurts. T h i s t a k e * a b o u t o n e ttenond. W h e n Qh
conduct*, Qv c o n d u c t s , as d o e s agtiin p u t l i n g
t h e p r i n t e r i n t o ssUuxlbv ( m a r k j . D i o d e City n o
lntigHr ^ i n d u c t s d u e t o t h e O.'2-volt s a t u r a t i o n
vtJt^age of liQwever, t.he cupacitor »till
h a s a c h a r g e , which now slowly bleeds a w a y
tjirnugh t.he parjdlel d i s c h a r g e p a t h of t h e
Ntnegohm resistor a n d (Ju. ( T h e i n p u t iinpetiance
of is a r o u n d 1 m e g o h m J I n u b o u t or
liit seconds, t h e v o l t a g e fails to w h e r e <Ju 1 1 0
longer c o n d u c t s sufficiently to k e e p i h e relay
d o ^ e d , a n d i t opens, t u r n i n g off t h e t no t o n
You may increase the value of the 120-^iF
capacitor if you want a motor delay longer than
25 or 30 seconds, or you may change the 1-
inegohm msistor to a larger value, or both.
BANDI'ARIP M E U T FILTER
A b a n d p a s s i n p u t tilU>r is a l w a y s i.ieuelicial,
particularly o u t h e ft- UJ Hi)-M l i s b a n d s . O n e such
a s t h a t s h o w n in Fig* 3 toay b e a d d e d . T h i s
filter m a y be d r i v e n d i r e c t l y f r o m e i t h e r a
oUU-ohm receiver o u t p u t nr with a trajifsformer.
You cait also w i n d a b o u t t h i r t y t u r n s of s m a l l
wire a r o u n d t h e i n p u t t o r o i d a n d d r i v e t h e filter
f r o m a 3.2-ohai source. O t h e r filter* uiay also
b e used, s u c h a s t h e o n e described iu A p r i l llKitt
Q8T* or t h a t s h o w n i n M a y lirtiK ( t f t r j
A TUNING INDlCATUEt
O n vhf w i t h afsk, a t u n i n g m e t e r is r e l a t i v e l y
u n i m p o r t a n t , a* fixed a u d i o t o n e s a r e iu*ed. If
y o u p l a n to use t h e 8 T - 3 p r i m a r i l y nn t h e 3- t o
3 U - M H k freciuennies, a t u n i n g i n d i c a t o r is nice
to have. You can u*o an oscilloscope c o n n e c t e d
t o t h e p o i n t s s h o w n iu t h e d e t e c t o r circuit, a n d
t h e display will b e s o m e t h i n g like t h a t p i c t u r e d
on p a g e Ui of D e c e m b e r 1D0H Q8T.*
A V T V M c a n b e h o o k e d t o p o i n t A of F i g . 1
a n d used a s a t u n i n g indicator, ur y o u m a y a d d
t h e m e t e r circuit *howu in Fig, 4. W h e n t h e
m a r k a n d s p a c e signals a r e e q u a l l y t u n e d t h e
m e t e r will n o t Hicker, b u t will s t a n d still while
t h e sending o p e r a t o r tyj>es. You can also c o p y
less t h a n &50- I U s h i f t f o r t h e t)T-3 or 170-H* s h i f t
«W*th«rh<iM. "An RTTY UandpM Filter for
2»7ftc.p.«./1 <JKTt April. 1968.
» Kuttftchardt ami Olmm, " \ n UTTY Twiuinal Unit of
Wide l)>nariuc Kan^/* QSTf Way,
» HaU, " W h a t i i RTTY?", QSTt De^wber,
17

TOROID CONNECTIONS
ZZ-oH INDUCTANCE
IB)
Component value* for ST-3 filter:
C4, CA Cjo, C11—0.018 pF.
Cn, Ch, Cv—0,015 /iF.
C7-O.OI ^F.
U , U , U — 8 8 mH toroid. (See footnote 11.)
Ru—560 ohms.
Rto^2700 ohm*
ftn—2300 ohmu
No adjustment of the ST-3 filter is required if 5 % -
toleronce capadtort are used. Otherwtser adjust the fitter
by .adding or removing toroid tarns as necessary far
resonant frequencies indicated!
for the HT-4 b y tuning in f his manner, although
now the unHinkering meter will read somewhat
l e * than for full shift. W i t h t h e S T - 3 to
copy K5Q-Hz cihif t, the meter rending on 170-H»
nhifti signals w i l l be only about tine fourth
m u c h as for s h i f t bignals.
What's Missing in tha ST-3?
T h e most deluxe demodulators these d a y s ,
such am the T T / L or T T / I j f o l l o w i n g the
detector h a v e three-pole B u t t e r w o r t h mini mum-
band w i d t h iotv-pass /iltcrs a n d complicated thresh-
old computers fur limiterless operation. B u t
w h e n the limiter in used, these items could
he eliminated fur a l l but the nu*4< marginal
Jtsceiving conditions, a t a great s a v i n g in itttt
arid complexity. CunserjuenMy, t h e S T - 3 has a
simple b u t e l e c t i v e iiC low-pass tiIrnr T a n d
relies csn t-he superior limiter to set the- enrrert
threshold level. T h e u n i t dues not work o u
limiterless or m&rk-uuly copy.
Construction and Adjustments
A n elrhed. circuit board is available,* which
provides for a l l p a r t s including the bandpass
u
Writ* to 'rnmuui Hoeriori, KSJUG iHT-3). N w k
fcJlrctronirn Corpl( *M4 8. Division Av*„ tfr&nd Rapid*,
Mich. I9AU7. In addition to (he u ml HUM etfh*1 tu.afd
aluuc he uffrnt two parts 11 packages" — one including the
trtnhttl hoard and theumiKual parts, and th* otiier ibdudinc
e k * r v t h i » £ nerded < h * iJopjk uot mipjAy the toroidal in- !1TnroMji may be purchased from I* 3. Van't HIot«
ductors).
18
Rg, 3—Bandpass input filter for ST-3
and ST«4. Filter output should be
connected directly to audio input
QUI PUT shown in Fig, I f R? of Fig. 1 should be
4700-ohm valve and JU should be
omitted. All capacitors are mylar,
75- or 100-volt rating.
U with + Cfi + G i - ? 4 0 0 Hz.
U with Ca + C? + Ch + C»—2300 Hz.
L-> with C9 h C10 + C u — 2 4 0 0 Hr.
Component values for ST-4 filter*
C4, Cm—0.22 pF.
Ca O r Cu—Not applicable to ST-4; omit.
C*t Ct—0.022 jtF.
C?—0.18 pF
l a , Up U — 2 2 mH toroid; made from usual " 8 8 mH" toroid
(see footnote 11} except windings are parallel-
connected as shown in B above, rather than
series-connected.
560 ohms.
Rio— 1600 ohms
R11—Not applicable to ST-4; omit. Adjust ST-4 filter
sections listed below for resonance at 2195 Hxj it will be
necessary to remove turns from the toroid*. One turn off
each winding simultaneously will raise the resonant
frequency about 6 Ht.
La with C i + Cg.
U with Cs + C 7 + C *
La with Cb + C10.
input filter, optional fok driver, and t i e optional
t u n i n g meter circuit. T h e c i r c u i t hoatxi also
proviilea for the mounting uf a l l p o w e r - m p p l y
components, w i t h the exception of the two trans*
formers. T h u s , the entire project can become
practically a one-day fun-tvpe job to complete.
A n y or a l l of the parts tnay be ordered f r o m
the sauie &>urre. 10 (3ost of a l l p a r t s purchased
ttew is about SIX), excluding the chassis, etched
circuit board, a n d ac line curd.
V i m m a y , i l y o u w i s h , completely eliminate
the entire a u t o p r i n t a n d motor delay w r t J o i i .
( I f y o u b u y the printed c i r c u i t board, y o u can
a l w a y s add t h i i section l a t e r . ) W i t h o u t the
uutoprint or motor c o n t m l features, the t o t a l
cost would r u n only about St3n, V o u w i l l find i t
hard to build something remotely deeent for
much lens money.
Y o u can utilize Mm j u n k box to a great e x t e n t
on this unit, t)iudes CfC% through are
germanium, t y p e 1N270, and here we suggest
y o u do not substitute other types* T h e 8V-raH
toroids will cost aI>ouL 5lW eru'h a n d m a y be
purchased f r o m v a r i o u s fuivertisent in the H a m -
Ada section of QST.li
T h e etched circuit hoard w h i r h is a v a i l a b l e
was not constructed to handle the ctirrent of
the printer motor directly. T h e r e l a y , and
a n external plug for the printer motor should.
10 Ibid-
W2DLT, 303 Passaic Ave.t Stxrlioc. NJ 07980.
QST for
be wired directly to 120 V a<\ The J^A, fuse
In the; power »opplv section of FIR. 1 (and on
the etched board) is only for tlie actual demodu-
lator itself; the printer should already have a
fused motor circuit,
If you orient the switches correctly, you nan
place them all " u p " for fully automatic oper-
ation. This convenient, since you can merely
glance at the unit to be *uit it U set- for auto-
print, and then leave the room,
Hi {soBMAIJ-BTANUBY) should be ojieri when up
{NORMAL).
S? (AUTOPOINT ON-OPP) should lie OPOT» when
up (ON).
/I* (MANUAL MOTOR CONTROL) tshuuld be open
when up (AUTOMATIC)*
iS'4 (POWKH) should be rimed when up (ON).
Keep the lead* to So as short passible,
because this w witch is in a very high-impedance
circuit.
When you connect the high-voltage power
supply, the voltage u\\ standby imark) may not
be 100 volte, depending upon the power trana-
former used. Measure the current through the
printer magneto, and if il- is not between 51) and
70 mA, change the 2"»i)ij-ohm current limiting
resistor in the collector Je;id of tn a value
giving the proper currant, (No meter in needed
permanently at this position J At the name time,
check the current to the winding of A']. You
may need to change the 47lH)-i>hm resistor to
another value if you do not read within about I
or 2 mA. of the 11 mA current llie relay needs
for optimum operation.
Then measure the current through the Zener
dinde in the low-voltage supply lt'/fig)« If neces-
sary, change the value of the r>6-ohm 1-watt
resistor until the Zermr diode conducts between
10 and 25 mA current.
+<tV
METER
SMSmVfTY
R g . 4 — O p t i o n a l meter tuning-indicator circuit.
CR™, CRix—Silicon diode, PIV 50 or greater {1N4816 or
equiv.l.
Mi—0-1 mA dc meter (Shurlte 8336 or equiv.K
Ost—Audio transistor, pnp Ullcon (Motorola MPS3394 or
equiv.).
R)2—2000-dim linear-taper control, tubmimature, for
horizontal circuit-board mounting (Mallory MTC-
23L4 or equivj.
April 1970
Adjust the discrimiuator filters for resonance
at the frequencies shown. in Fig, 1. Because uf
manufacturing tolerances, most O.lttM-pF capan-
torn will be a little too large in actual value for
resonance at 21 *2R fl»T so remove turns fnjru the
8S-mH toroid to raise the frequency of the mark
filter. Take an equal number of turns off earii
uf the two haJf-windings before permanently
joining the two rations nf the tumid together.
Similarly, most U.Untt-jiF capacitow will be b'm
large in value for resonance at H» fur the
space frequency in Ihe ST-4. Agaiu, remove an
equal number of turns off each winding nf the
toroid.
Some O.URH-pF capacitor* will be a little
hrnall in value, so select one having a value
large enough that allows you to take a few turns
off the toroid to reach resonance at 2y75 Hz,
the space frequency for the As before, take
an equal number uf turns off each winding.
The "correct" capacitance would be U.U637
pF for 2l2.VHx romance, 0.0M7 JIF for 221)5
Ifx, and 0.0335 pF for 2w75 Elx,
In the Iimiter stage i* a 10-kU dc balance
control, fti. This could just as well be a fixed
resistor. Measure the voltage at pin \i of the
integrated circuit; it should be approximately
11.2 volts. Set the control «u that the output
voltage with the input grounded will be one
half that at pin H, or about n.tt volte, (Actually,
anything between and 7 volt* gives about the
same nsriull*0 This control balances the "offset
input volt-age" to the lO, allowing it to amplify
the tiignal a maximum amount, fur maximum
dynamic range.
There is one other adjustment to be made.
Attach a VTVM to point A in the detector
circuit. Tune for maximum reading on a mark
tone, and note the reading, around — 2.S volts.
Then tune for maximum reading or) a space tone
and note the reading, again around —2.5 volt*
If these two voltages are not equal, adjust iife,
the audio balance control at the output of the
Umitur circuit, until the voltages are equal.
The 2000-ohm control in the optional meter
circuit, Fig. i, lets you set the meter to some
desired reading when mark is tuned in to maxi-
mum. I have mine adjusted to read about 8 0 %
full scale at that time,
It normally take* about U.tf volt to cause a
silicon transistor to cxjnduct. The 1.2-megohm
resistor at the base of tfa Q\ to ciriducU
A very tiny amount, of negative voltage will
cause the stage to be cut off, and a very tiny
positive amount will cause it to saturate. By
hand-aelecting an appmpriat it-value re^wtor,
you can cause the printer to gu to mark for
all input signal* luwer in frequencv than 2.V>0
H* for the 8T-3 (2210 lis for the HT-41, ami
to go to space for all frequencies higher. How-
ever, the 1,2-megohm value sliocdd be an ex-
cellent choice, deluding upon how cari>fully
and acciiralely you were able tn tunc the dis-
criminator filter!* to the mark and spm-e fro-
quencies. If you lark some fairly accurate means
of determining the uece&mry frequencies, disable
19

The output of the op-amp limtter h a near-perfect square
wave with a sine-wave Input. Pictured here i% a 2125-Hz
signal after limiting. The input to the demodulator tor
this photo was a sine wave at a —20 dfl Input level.
t h e a u t o p r i n t stage b y closing s w i t c h tf* (tuitn-
prinl and t<ulef*l. n resistor vaine t h a i oiuines
t h e p r i n t e r to p r i u l ^iirble un rerviver noise.
T h e n e t w o r k a t t h e base nf in t h e a u t o p r i n t
stjige dnoh the uauie t h i n ^ . Here, y ^ u KeU'i't a
value For t o d e l e r m i n e the s u t w i l i v i t y of t h e
a i i k i p r i n l . staise. W i t h a l(KI-k» value in the S T - 3 ,
I measured about a ^ 1130-llr b a n d w i d t h before
the p r i n t e r went i n t o n t a n d b y , a n d w i l l i w 1 l ( l - k i i
valrie in t h e HT-4, a b o u t ± n l I - H » b a n d w i d t h .
The^e values s h o u l d m v e .uleqiiate tolerance
for Kigiials t h a t d r i f t or have improper s h i f t , or
b o t h . Jiv inereasiiiK t h e value f I n w a r d kll f
y o u ean dern»!ts^ the b a n d w i d t h , and h y Kuiti£
the o t h e r direution, t o w a r d S2 k i i , y o u ean
incre:tse the b a n d w i d t h , b u t then y o u r u n i n t o
t h e p r o b l e m of mi.»»e f r e q u e n t accidental tnniH>ns,
HEADQUARTERS VISITS
T h e League Heiuhjuartorfi building i * open to
vi*itnro Monday through Krida>, S:So tr> 4.B0, cm
a "drop-in 1 * biuarf* and at nttu»r times (»>' «i|i|x>iiit-
inont. The hpadquartrr* iK mi Mnin Street f(!nnn.
Koute I7n and ITfi-A) about a mile north of the
renter of town, and about, tt m i l ™ t%i«*t »t" < -nnti. IA-
U. K 6, thn Wilbur < ' n * * Highway. (For W 1 A W
Yir-iting hour** the schedule i n the "Operating
New*' 1 eolumn.
The Conodian Amateur Radio teletype Group recently
awarded their 1969 Merit Award to W6ABE, noting
that practicing teletypes? regardless of where they live
find Merrill Swan, W6AEE, and RTTY synonymous. From
left to right are WB«QFE, K6DDQ, WA6LBU, W6AEE+
W6LDF and WA6WGL doing the honors for the CARTG*
20
Ume as a Repmatvr
I f an a u d i o signal fed i n t o the d e m o d u l a t o r ,
it * i l l mkiji a c t i v a t e t h e a n t o p r i n t section, as
w e l l ii» the relay. T h u s , * signal u t i huh h a n d
mui he iiHeci to a c t i v a t e a t r a n s m i t t e r u n a n o t h e r
frequency or hand. T h w i * called v ' r r t r a n » -
j m t t i u K J J ur " r e p e a t i n g " m i d in u m l f r e q u e n t l y
on v h f lib rurnute bites. T h e M a y w i n a n t r a l
t h e p u s h - t o - t a l k circuit, un thf? t r a n s m i t t e r , ur
if i t w used i n f r e q u e n t . v , can c o n t r o l the liiU-V
ae power to t h e t r a n s m i t t e r instead. R e t r a n s m i t
is occasionally u«ed b y w i n e hams f r o m NU
nmler* to 20 met era anil back again..
I n bumiuary, the Mainline llrPTY d*.
m o d u l a t o r was designed p r i m a r i l y t o serve its
n Jnw-eost o u t s t a n d i n g vhf u n i t , i t adapts
q u i t e well t n normal iJ- to ; ! i ) - M f h u*e iw well,
a l t h o u g h i t l a r k s a few of t h e " t u i p e M W u x c "
features such as limiterless operation a n d a
threshold i.vamputer. l*he l i m i t e r ion u i l l
r i v a l l h a t of a n y published d e m o d u l a t o r , t h e
slirer and ke.ver stsiges allow eopy of s h i f t s as
low 11/ or less, a m i the 16tMrolt loop s u p p l y
gives negligible d i s t o r t i o n to received *ignals.
A n excellent " a n t o p r i n t " section, i n c l u d i n g a
y u - s e ^ n d m o t o r delay, w included f o r f u l l y
a u t o m a t i c p r i n t e r r u n t m l T h e t o t a l m a t in
about less eha**is <u t-frhed circuit hoard,
T l t e H T M demodulator contain* a l l the feature*
uf the MT-3, except t h a t i t i * designed exclusively
f o r narrow i>r f 7 0 - H * s h i f t , a i u l w i l l a l l o w c o p y
uf shifts as low us o f i x ur leys.
I must particularly thank Jon Schmidt,
W A 3 D Z K , for calling the 11E PA238 1C t n m y
a t t e n t i o n , its I had been s t r u g g l i n g tio make
integrated linear amplifier* d o the j o b before
theni A i m m y appreciation goen t o Vic Poor,
K 3 N I 0 , w i t h o u t whose help thirf u n i t w o u l d j i o t
have been possible, fitful
QST for
 • dkybuwc IUUL VUwksL
A Receiver Matcher
and
Preamplifier
HOW TO IMPROVE
RECEIVER PERFORMANCE
BY LfcWIS G. McCOY, * W1ICP
ANY anwteur* use transmatches to couple the
M transmitter output to the antenna or feed Line
but few give any thought to matching the antenna
to the input of their receiver*. When a transceiver is
used with a Transmatch, or if the Transmatch is
connected in the receiver line, it will sometimes
help match the receiver input to the antenna feed
line. However, a Transmatch is normally adjusted
to match a 5(J- or 70-ohm impedance, and this load
is. not necessarily the same as the receiver input
impedance. Ft is true that many receivers are
designed for a more or less 50-ohm figure, but not
all of them are. The main point is that it can be
just ax important to match the antenna to the
receiver as it is to the transmitter.
A receiver coupler will provide several advan-
tages. First, because the coupler is made up of
high-Q circuits, it will add some selectivity to the
front end of the receiver. Second* it will help
eliminate any imarcs in the receiver. Also, it can
actually improve the sensitivity of some receivers
by providing a better match between the antenna
system and the receiver. Many amateurs who live
close to a commmercial broadcast station have a
problem with that station overloading their com-
munications receiver* which can cause cross-
modulation of the amateur signals. A coupler will
prevent or greatly reduce* such cross-modulation.
* Novirr Editor
Here is a method for improving
your receiver's performance. This
system is particularly recommended
for getting more life into older recei-
vers.
April 1970
\
VJC
^
This shorn the completed coupler and preamp-
lifier. The two variable capacitor controls are
at the top- 1 The three switches are, from left to
right, iV-A ^ and 67-
Many of the lowermost, or second-hand recei-
vers, commonly used by Novices, will have ade-
quate sensitivity on 80 and 4(1 meters, but the
performance may leave much to be desired on 20,
15* and 10. While the coupler by itself will help
improve performance on the higher bands, a
preamplifier will really improve reception, (n the
unit shown in this article, a coupler and preampli-
fier are combined to provide a very worthwhile
addition to the station.
The preamplifier consists of a grounded-gate
FITT amplifier followed by a source-follower* also
an FFT-type transistor The circuit diagram, Fig-1,
shows the circuit details of the complete unit. A
series-tuned circuit, /./, Cf< provides the input
circuit, and this is followed by a parallel-tuned
circuit which is coupled into the preamplifier, fcach
of the circuits can be band switched to cover 80
through 10 meters. The source of Q j is connected
to the arm of S3 so that it can be tapped down on
L2 to provide the proper impedance match to the
transistor.
Construction Details
The coupler-preamplifier is built into a 4 X 5 X
6-inch aluminum Minibox. However, any metal
enclosure of adequate size can he used* The tricky
part of construction is tapping the Miniductor coil
With 32 turn* per inch, the wires are very close
together. In order to keep the tap from shorting to
the adjacent turns, the turns next to the tap point
should be carefully bent in toward the axis of the
coil. Use a small screwdriver blade, placing the end
of the blade on the turn to be pushed in, then
gradually apply pressure on the screwdriver until
the turn bends in. Use a soldering iron with a small
tip, and No. 28 tinned wire fur the tap lead*. The
leads can be made about four inches long, and then
21
 Fig. 3—Etched-clrcult template. The darker lines
show the component connections.

E T C H E D SIDE SHOWN
NON-ETCHED AREA SHADED

Fig. 2-Drawing of the coil assembly. L i and L2.

COUPLER
L<
TI-liTMHl

PEAK

AS iHCHC&Teo, OCCIMAU
VALUfcS at CAPACITANCE AHk
tf MICROFARADS • jiH ; OTHtf>S
ARC IN RJCOFARAOS I tf OR ju»Fj;
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHMS;
hilOOOtM'IOOOftOO

Fig. 1— Circuit diagram of the coupler/preamplifier. are H-watt composition. Unless indicated
otherwise capacitors are disk ceramic.
Ci # C2-140 pF variable (Hammarlund type APC
Rt-10 r 000-ohm control {Lafayette No. 33 E
-140B, or similar Lafayette No. 40 E 11255).
28569). R2— 1-megohm, 3 ^ - w a t t .
C3* C4< C5, C6-0-001-uF disk ceramic. R3—270-ohm, watt.
BTl-9-volt transistor radio battery. R4-220-ohm r 16-watt.
J2—Phono lacks, RFCl—100-uH rf uhoke (Lafayette No. 30 E
L i , L2-Sey text and Fig. 2 Each coil is 46 turns,
40144).
32 turns-per-inch, 54-inch diam. (B&W Mini-
S1.S2, S3H5ingle-pole. 12 position rotary switch,
ductor type 3012, Lafayette No. 40 E
16218). 5 positions used, (Lafayette No. 30 E
Q1, Q2—Motorola HEP-801 or MPF-102 {Lafa- 440144).
yette No. 19 E 54221, HEP 801}. S4—Single-pole, single-throw switch.

22 Q S r for
 Here is the inside of the
unit. The etched circuit
board is at the lower right
hand corner. As pointed
out in the text, the coils
L i and L 2 are supported
by the tap leads.
^fttn^LT.-.-j
trimmed to a shorter length when they arc con-
nected to the appropriate switch terminals.
Pig. 2 IK a detailed drawing of the coil stock used
for L/ and Pach portion of the coil consists of
4f> turns, Carefully cut the wire at the exact center
of the coil stock and unwind two turns. The
correct tap points are shown in Fig, 2. Before
mounting the coil on the switch contacts it is a
good idea to first connect the leads from the
appropriate switch contacts on S2 to those on S3,
When this i* done, the coil stock can be mounted
in places.
The Circuit Board Preamplifier
Pig.3 shows a template of the printed-»circuit
board for the preamplifier. The unit can he built
on an ordinary piece of insulated board if one
doesn't want to use the printed-circuit method*
The important point in constructing the preamplir
tier is in soldering the transistor leads; he sure to
use a heat sink on the lead being soldered. Too
much heat can niin a transistor.
Adjusting Tbe Unit
Using the unit is quite simple. Connect your
antenna to Jl and use a short lead of coax to
connect J2 to your receiver antenna terminal. By
short, we mean no more than a couple of feet of
coax. With your receiver tuned to the 80-meter
band* switch Si and S2 so that the entire coils are
in the circuit-no turns shorted out. Tune in a
signal, then adjust C] and C2 tor a peak response.
Next, switch Sj through its range, and find a
setting that gives the loudext signal Then, try
another switch position on Sf and rcpeak the two
variable capacitors. You should find a condition
that will give the loudest signal. R l should be
April 1970
r_
. - 4. .jt r.
adjusted for the loudest setting, which will prob-
ably be with most of the resistance shorted out. Rj
can be used as a gain control, particularly if a very
strong signal is present. Once the correct settings
are found for 80 meters they can be noted and
then a similar procedure followed in setting up on
other bands.
Getting Parts
As any ham who has been around for awhile can
tell you, trying to locate the necessary parts can he
discouraging. To help the would-be builder we are
trying something different in this article. If you
notice in tig. 1 in the parts list, we have included
ail the catalog numbers for the required parts from
one of the larger mail order houses. This may save
you some headaches.
Fifty Years of ARRL
A bound 152-page reprint of the
gold-edged historical articles which
appeared in the 1964 issues of Q S T
is available from Hie ARRL for one
dollar postpaid. Titled Fifty Years of
ARRL, the book covers the highlights of
ARRL and amateur radio history dur-
ing the fifty years from 1 9 1 4 to 1964,
and will make a companion piece to
the classic 2 0 0 Meters and Down, a
reprint of which is also available from
the ARRL for one dollar.
23
 Improved 75-Meter Portable Performance
for a Mobile Station
r CAOTNE ttiat you are off for a week's vacation
to the seashore, to the mountains, or for ft few
days to a business convention, You have yntir
mobile rig along with you in the car mid it's
only natural that y«u would like to kwp in
touch with your buddies in your bome town one
ur two hundred miles away. The band with the
right «<kip conditions for consistently invering
that distance is 75 meters, but the lit is ntic
catch — the aign&l radiated by the mobile whip
antenna may just be too marginal. Maybe your
friend will hear yon through all of those thunder-
ous home stations and maybe he won't. A more
effective antenna i* required.
Some of the boys narry alone; a ^j-wavelength
wax-fed dipole antenna for portable operation j
but as anyone can attest who hart ever put one up,
it's no snap to put up a riU-Foot dipole- Ju*t.
having that *pace available may be a problem
(witness the mifnbcr of .city-dweliinp hams who
aren't on 75) and rinding two trees or buildings
that are at leaaL Pit) "feet apart may be another
problem. Who has the fortitude to put up a
mast for a one night's stand? Fortunately, there
i* a very simple and effective miswer that will
make your mobile/portable *uund more like a
home station. The answer is simply the applies-
Hon of the venerable J^-wave wire operated
against the car body as ground.
The antenna itself is just, a 6U-foot piece of
wire with a 50-foot piece of plastic clothes
line (or thin nylon cord if you prefer) tied to
one end. The light-duty usage of this anteruia
permits the utilisation of lightweight components
in ita construction. No. J8 stranded wire is recom-
mended for the antenna eleipenL The rolled-tip
antenna is so small tlxat it ran easily slip into
your glove compartment.. No coax cable is needed
for thft ?4-wave antenna except, that which is
already built into the mobile Jii&Utllation> One
end nf the tHWfoot wire is clamped under the
existing mobile whip loading coil by screwing
the coil down on it. The clothesline end of the
antenna is thrown over any tree, bouse, or other
available object, as shown in Rig. I. Thi» attrao-
* 5Uti Ureahert™own™ltMd, Fort Waabin^ton,
24
Fiy. 1—W3HTF*75-mater portable antenna.
ttve part of i he system Ls that 011c end support for
the antenna ft tic mobile whip) is already built in,
and by moving the cur this anchorage readily can
he- just the right distance from any object which
will support the other end.
The wavelength *ystem can lie literally
thrown up in i>or 10 minutes and removed in lialf
that, t ime. If the car has to be used, it takes just
seconds to disconnect the wire at. the loading coil
and reconnect it again when the vehicle returns to
the portable rite. The end of the antenna left
hanging in a tree need not he disturbed.
Performance
Une of the benefit* of the Vi-wav* wire over
the mobile whip is the much greater bandwidth.
The bandwidth limitations of the whip on 7fl
meters are well known — perhaps 30 to 40 kHz.
Actual SWH curves of the ''Hustler" the
?4-wavfi wire are «hown iu Rig. i!. The Jri-wave
wire load* niy transceiver over the entire 75-
meter phone hand with no problems.
'Hie question arises as to whether the top
section of the whip has any effect when using the
J4-wave wire. It certainly does, as can be
seen from the SVVR curve". By itself, or with
lolling coils for any other hand, the SWK of the
U-wave antenna ts Ld to 1. With a T.Vmrter
loading coil the SWH drops to 1.2 to L As a
result, I recommend that the loading coil be usefl
iu conjunction with the l i-wavewire.
The 1^-wave doesn't work quite as well aa the
k-wave dipole but it is much superior to tHfe
mobile whip antenna. It radiate* a signal th|rt
is of "home station" caliber. To fully evaluate
the antenna, a 120-foot dipole wa& erected at the
same height and in the same direction l{P the
60-foot wire and comparative nn-thfKiir tests
wcite performed. The results on one occasion are
shown in the box. The fetation* contacted were
cautioned to average their S-raeter readings
over a sufficient period of time to allow for the
usual QSB conditions. The results on this OCCA-
sion and on many previous trials indicate that
QST for
ifie ^4-\vavp nnl'pniia rs no more 1h:m 1 to 2 H
unit* lower iu p^rformaiu/e than the I ^ w h v u
dipole, b u t is 4. H unit* or um better t h a n the
t no bile whip.
T h e improvement in performance over the
mobile w h i p is amazing. O n a number of m m s i o n s
when I couldn't. tic eupied on the mobile whip,
solid contacts resulted w i t h *hp k > w n v e wire-.
I n the I W W Field D a y , a {4-wavc win* wua strung
up on a 42-foot, yarht, r»ix»ratnig in (Chesapeake
K a y imd used over b o t h the t*w a n d phone por-
tions of t.hftXO-meter hand- ( j e t t i n g a good ground
on Lhe wooden boat wan a problem; neverthelew,
performance was* good. O n a pr*M*oute*t check,
fi.11 BS w a * received m m p a r a d t o S I on the whip.
O n the WMneter band alone, J I X contacts were
made iti the whigJe-tnuiKmitter group
Wr
MOBlie
WHIP
PHONt
WITH *M. .COW
' • i-i . * IN ftACfc
Fig. 2—SWR readings of the mobile whip alone, wfth
60 feet of wire attached as shown En Fig, 1, and with
the wire attached but loading aril and whip top section
removed.
H o w high should the wire be placfcd? I d e a l l y
an high and a* in the d e a r as possible, but
practical limitations usually provide the answer
— atf high a* y o u can throw a rock w i t h a line
a t t a ' h e d , or as high atf there are HVitilable
branches 011 a tree, 1 have found l h a l even low
heighlH like 10 or 15 feet provide gjood radiation.
Y o u might wonder how well the l i - w a v r wire
w o r k s on the higher frequency bands. I didn't
try it. t would expert to tind lew d r a m a t i c
improvement t h a n on 75 meter* because the
W-Stravs^
QST congraiulatM . . .
. . . Alex D u d a , W B 2 Y O I , 011 receiving a platjue
from the crew of aircraft carrier L\tf.K I'riiiwh.m,
prime nvovory vessel for the Apollo I I I mission..
A l spent, many hourn running phone patr-hes for
w w members and now* media rrpr*Nentat.ivo*.
. . . W i l l i a m B . Bridges, W 6 C E B , elevated to
the grade of Fellow of the Institute «f Klcr'trical
rtml Klwtrnnic Engineer* for ruiitributionfl to the
theory and development of giu* lasers and for studies
of spare-chargc instabilities in diode*.
4 . . Edna M a r i e T h o r s o n , W A 0 R R A , named
to thn Outstanding Young Women of Amcrira ii^t.
. . . R a y E . M e y e r * , W 6 M T . Z , presented h special
Mayor'* Award for outet.atidmg community service
aa Hau Gabriel's civil service rommibsiimer, civil
drfenae director and communication* chief-
April 1970
\
»
r ti-Meter Rejioria hWetrrri
1
>«< f
iVmt- Mobile
titnlion Whip 1 f ire Dipnlr.
GMT
W3HPB 14!{n t t
W1MFR 20fW 4/:. S/9
W3UFN i:nu 6 y+;> d B 9 + J U d B
mobile antenna haw lews loading and more closely
approximates 1 he lengl h of a full j w a v e antenna
as the frequency gels higher. T h e wire doe* pro-
vide an aspect of interest, a* its horizontal
polarisation ^hoidd pruvide greater signal
strengths, in contacts w i t h doser-in stations
because of its higher angle of radiation. F i n d i n g
the benefits of higher frequency use of the
J i - w a v e wire ia left to others to t r y .
If y o u plan portable operation for more t han
one ur two d a y s , it iu a good idea Ui take along
a lOD-foot extension power cable a n d a b a t t e r y
charger, if commercial power will In* available.
T h a t w a y y o u can operate for extended periods
w i t h o u t w o r r y i n g about, dead batteries, over-
healod engines, or ignition noiw.
I n c i d e n t a l l y , use of the i^-wave antenna for
a land mobile station o n F i e l d D a y would change
t h a t flt-atioifs category from mobile to portable.
T h o o n l y loophole t h a t I r a n envision in tn tie
t h e end of the J i - w a v e wire to a swivel a t the
top of a Hagpole a n d drive around in circles,
which should reestablish the rthtiun iu the
mobile category. 1 D o n ' t forget the swivel or y o u
w i l l t r a v e l i n evep-decreurting circle* a n d w i n d Up
F i e l d D a y sooner than expected!
N o t h i n g really new is claimed in this article,
i t ' * jlikL a retniuder t h a t the old-farfiioned
t'4-wave antenna m n be p u t f-o good una i n a new
application, I hope no 01m interprets m y state-
ments as discrediting mobile whips. T h e y nan
make fine contacts for y o u w h e n there in no
alternative. Mfffr—]
• The Contest Com mi ttre advisee tlifcy »ri* for Hag waving
on Field L)sy, but not with a mobile! — tiditor.
T e d Crosby, W6TC
On February 12 deatli claimed Ted C r m b y ,
W 0 T U . at the age of 71K Known ^ thnii«a«ds of
QST mid<TH through his attlrien on the popular
H H K series of amateur-l>aiul receivern, he watt imt
only un firing in t-x penmen ting with ide^itf fnr making
a good rereivcr bettor, but wad equally metinuloUB
in helping iudividuai builders, as the many who
wrote him about their H B R protilems will readily
attest. H e exemplified to a retuarkuble th«
real ham spirit of helpfulnetw, although by nature
rather nhy — he shuricuhl personal puhlirity, seldom
went to ham meetings a n d even avoided public
presentation of a welL-deuemsd ( W r P l v i u e that
the A J i . K - L . hoard of directors awarded him some
years ago.
W e Khali miss him, hut not forget him.
25
 k Transistors
ROBERT E. STOFFELS*
N Part 6 mir discussion centered around the
I operation of a transistor in a d.c--circuit. We
learned that the emittcr4iase portion of a
transistor is nothing more thau a forward-bia.sed
diode, and that the base-collector portion of the
transistor is little more than a roveree-biased
diode- We further learned that the action we
performed »n the base lead was very similar,
iu principle, to the placing of one's foot on the
brake pedal of an automobile with power broke*.
That is, an interruption uf a *jrmU current in
the ba«5 circuit (like the application uf a light,
pressure mi the brake pedal) caused a murh
larger current to bp interrupted in the collector
circuit of the transistor for a much larger pressure
to be applied t*> the brake shoes of the auto-
mobile).
It must be emphasised that in neither case did
we create energy, ur get something for nothing.
Kather wv mn}tlifmi n kigml. In the case cif the
automobile, we drew power from the engine, and
in the case of the transistor, we drew power from
the collector battery.
We continued with h discuwunn of the nintui-
Fficture "f a tr&tuciKhir. We learned that tine wav *
of purifying germanium {and there an? certainly
other way*) was the zone-refining process. We
also saw that one manner nf manufacturing a
transistor (and, unce ugnin, there are certainly
other ways) was by the grown-junction method.
Xo matter what the manufacturing method used,
however, it is always necessary to have a pu
junction and an tip junction for a pnp transit
tor, and an np junction and a pn junction for
an npn transistor.
Although most of our discussion has centered
about the pup transistor, there is no difference
between its operation and the operation uf an
npn transistor. For the purpose of discussion,
* Director, WAX Operation*, Automatictilect.rta[*ft>orii-
fnnw, lire Nnrthlaka, Jit, tfutal,
Thia n^rintv rn r*print*f from Tdtpfan* Knginttr & .\f*nw*-
m*ntt Brook hill Puhltahlnfr Company, Wheat on, JUinoia velocity of the electrons from moment- to mo-
til) L 87
H o w thm transistor is used in. eom-
manications applications with a.o.
signals; amplification; thm transistor
as a variable resistor*
26
Part 6—frana's/or Circuit Operation
it is better to btick with one or the other —
should the reader wish to investigate the other,
it is only necesssry to switch t-he terms and the
relative direction of electrons and holes.
Now it is certainly evident to anyone who lias
given the suhject any thought that a trauaistor
is good for more than just dc operation. Certain-
ly transistor radios, transistorized telephone
repeaters, transistorized tape recorder*, etc.,
employ transistors in an ae mode of operation.
Therefore we *liall diacuts, this mouth, the
application of a transistor in u circuit carrying
alternating-current signal*. Such au application
<?ontahis both dc and ac simultaneously.
Strangely enough, this is exactly the way a
transistor must be operated, Kor a transistor is
not a bidirectional device; it permits current to
pass in unly one direction. (Kemember mir dis-
cu^ion of the semiconductor diode, and thc
complete blocking of current when we applied a
reverse voltage, « r bias. J
Alternating Current
As is well known, ac, or alternating current*
is the inutiou of electrons iu a conductor in one
direction for a short period of time, and then the
motion of these electrons in the opposite direct ion
for a nhort period of time. The number of round
trips these electrons make in a second is called the
frequency of t-lie current, and is measured in
hertz, or cycles per second. Thc frequency of this
current rati vary from very few cycles per second
(one or two lis in low-frequency oscillators) to GO
Hz in the electrical systems of our homes,
t<> many millions r>f cycles per second in the case
nf microwave systems. Likewise, the amplitude
of this current can vary from a minimum of
millionths of an ampere, {microamperes) to many
thousands of amperes.
One other characteristic of this Alternating
current might lie mentioned: that is the relative
ment. Since the electrons themselves areextreme-
ly small and light in weight frefer back to Part 1
of this suriwi, they essentially have no inertia
and, consequently, their direction and velocity
can In? changed almost, instantaneously. For
instance, these electron* can be mad* to move in
one direction frail it the positive direction! with
a constant velocity, snd then at a specific
QST for
instant IH.- caused to change their motion iu the
negative direction wilh the s a m e velocity, If
we * e i e to draw a pictiiri* of this arlion wr w>mid
have aonu.'thing resembling Kig, tf-1.. T h i s what
is known as> a Hquaife ^ a v e ; the iiuuit- is used be-
cause the picture ia ubviously j u s t that.
Rg. 6-1 —Square wave-
On the f i t t e r hand, t h e electrons m n be m a d e
to acceilerate in one direct ion for a short period
of time, and then io decelerate in thai direction,
until they art? eventually a t rest. T h e n they ciuv
be nuule to accelerate in the reverse direction for
awhile, and once agnin decelerate in that, direc-
tion. T.n Mirh. an uperatiun Ihew is no a b r u p t
change a t all; it is a " n a t u r a l * ' sort of operation,
ami the resultant wave is nailed a sine wave
(after the trigonometric *ine f u n d ion of a
rotating vecturj, S u c h a picture is shown in
Fig. ti-'j.
t-E
Fig. 6-2—Sine wave.
Now there in one device which has particular
v a l u e in a c circuit*, and t \ a t is a mparittu\
Very briefly, u capacitor Mill Jiot permit Ihe
p a s s a g e of dc, b u t rather will store up an elec-
1 rical charge of given polarity on one plate when
*ni elert rical |>orcntiul is applied in the proi^cr
direction* Consequently, H U M * a c in nothing
more than a constantly reversing electrical pin
tent in I, a ca|>aeitor ran be said to conduct a c or,
at l e a H , lo build up and cut down the charge a s
the a c cliaugp-* direction.
Combined AC and DC
A means whereby we can effectively combine
an and dc can tie seen by Mudying Kigs.
and tj-k In Fig. 6-3 ymi will note t h a t the
left-hand nieter will indicate a current, of 1 mA
in one direction, and then 1 mA in the npixwite
direction. T h i s , of course, i* true ac. Th*» right-
lLand m e t e r will indicate values of 2 mA a n d
0 mA a s the extremes. T h i s Is pulsating dr.
X u t i r r that I he peak-to-|>cak valuer were in
both c a s e s ;2 m A .
Kig- f)-4 s h o w s the s a m e circuit a s in Kig' li-3,
except t h a t in thin r a w we have a d d e d a transis-
tor. N o w the current in the righi-hand mesh
becomes the trariH*lor b a s e current, and we m a y
a p p l y t h e s a m e reasoning to thin transistor that.
April 1970
we did in previous issues. T h a t when the
current in the base of the transistor is 0 mA,
then the current in the collector rif the trmmixtur
is likewise 0 m A . T o put it another way r the tran-
sistor is turned o f f , .
Fig. 6-3—Closed electric system depicting a.c. and d.c
Amplification
When the current in the base lead 2 mA, then
the current in the collector lead m d l y quite
appreciable, If we KM the figures of Part 4 — Mint
1
is, that two per cent of the e m i t t e r current will
flow in the b a s e and H8 per cent of t h e emitter
current wilt How iu the c o l l e c t o r — then we will
h a v e US m A in the collcctnr of the transistor
a * a jiewk value, T h i s collector current is, uf
course, derived from the 10-volt b a t t e r y which
we Iiave been using to a p p l y a dc bias to the
h a w of the transistor.
Notice that in thin ctrcuit. we h a v e a true
amplifier. T h e input alternating signal w a s a
mere 1 JnA in both directions, or a peak-to-peak
value of 2 mA, T h e o u t p u t collector current, on
the other hand, followed exactly the frequency
uf the input signal, but produced a current with
a peak-to-peak value of 1)8 m A . N o t b a d , for
a single-stage traiiMflor amplifier!
Y M I I will note t h a t a basic difference lietween
operation in art a c circuit, of this sort and
operation iu a dc circuit such a s described in
P a r t 5 WHS that in the ac condition the current
in the transistor did not change a b r u p t l y . T h a t
is, it was not ne<*essary to use Ihe transistor
dimply a * a switch, but rather it amounted a l m o s t
to a variahle r e c t o r . Lf the incoming signal had
heen a s q u a r e w a v e , then the operation would
3
Fig. 6-4—Closed electric system with transistor added.
27
have resembled that nf a switch. H u t if the in- a t r a n s i s t o r is nothing more than a variable re-
coming signal ik a s u i t wuve (ab it usually is) sistor, The actual renstaiuT uf the ernitter-
t h e n t h e t r a n s i s t o r w o u l d o i s i n c e r i t y pa^H c u r - cullectnr circuit is varied by drawing muit? m
rent value* other than tlie extreme* of 0 m A mid less current through the cmitter-baM* junction,
U 8 m A . I t would, i u fact, have to pass all c u r r e n t Please |t«t ii:e iv|»>at ~ beivtuse if vuit can
V i l l u s between these ext r e m e s ; I h e i>iiiy c r i t e r i o n grasp this cmirrpl trvei\thing eW falls i\\U\
l > e h i g t h a t t h e c u l l e c U i r i n e x a c t l y J)K p e r cent o f l>lare very neatly: .1 imwuixtar h a iwiohl*'
the emitter current, and the ha-*.* current is t r s i h l o r . ( t n r e s i s t a n c e can v a r y , d e i i e t i d i n g up<<n
exactly two per cent of the emitter current, t h e ba>«! c u r r e n t , f r u m flo^se t u uhnu> t n in-
A l i t t l e l a t e r we s h a l l plot graph* showing this finite ohnii^ T h i s i c s i s t a n c e can v a i y j u s t about
"variable resistor" characteristic uf the tnm- >ut f a s t m y u u w i s h it to — i h a t i*t w i t h e x a c t l y
Hstor. l.h«? f r c q i u - r i c y " f t h e i n p u t n r g i r d . {It w i l l operate
W e have repeatedly, in Ihw chapter ami in at megalu*rU but perhaps nut at mega-mega
p r e v i o u s c h a p t e r s , d i s c u s s e d t h e fact, t h a t about hert*).
t w o ]>er ceut o f t h e c u r r e n t w i l l How in the h a w When we use the t r a u s i M o r ;is a switch wo
and U S per rent of the c u r r e n t will flow in the c h a n g e t h e r e s i s t a n c e f m m z e m <>hms t o i n f i n i t e
c o l l e c t o r . A l t h o u g h t h e s e a r e t y p i c a l v a l u e s , the> o t i n u s ici o n e M e p - — a n d m i * I thai exactly what
are b y no m e a n * u n i versa L In fac.t, t h e y vary takes plare iu any switch?
so much that, a particular term is applied to When we use the t r a n s i s t o r i n ac c i r c u i t , wo
the. r a t i o o f t h e t w o n u m b e r s .This tern change t h e resistance m o r e g r a d u a l l y , r a t h e r t h a n
and A is lUrjinal thr ntlit* o/lhr paOrrtor rurrmt i u <me a b n i p t n t e p .
to thr current. In the s a m p l e cited above, W h i l e we a i l 1 m i t h e s u b j e c t o f t h i s "variable
M a w o u l d l i a v e been W H / 2 e < j u a U 4'-J. T h e beta* r e s i s t o r 1 1 , let us brielly consider the power dis-
of various transistors vary fmm about LI) to s i p a t i o n i u a t r a n s i s t u r ipowt>r d i ^ i p a l i o u i s j u s t
several hundred; and thin variation presnita a fanc> w a y o f r a y i n g " h e a t g e n e r a t i o n " ) , M i n c e
o n e o f t h e great problem** t o c i r c u i l designer". a l r a u » U ) t o r i s a v a r i a b l e r e s i s t n r , u f c m i i ™ * it w i l l
tToreafter, we rshait u o Longer w i y ttiat such l^'uerate heat. A r i d t h i » h e a U powcr» m a y be
a n d ao j i e r c e n t a g o o f c u r r e n t f l o w s i n t h e b a * e o r found by iwing exactly the same formulas usi'd
collector, b u t rather that the l*>ta of a t r a n s i s t o r i n basic olec.tricity coui'ses — n a m e l y , £ X I* or
i s M i c h a n d Mil. T h e n if the hue current uf a voltage linu> cnrrcuL This, nf i-mirse, m a y be
t r a n s i s t o r w k n o w n , the collector c u r r e n t can I w i i i n v e r t e d to ur b?flt* cuatter huw yuu
found by multiplying by this number (botai; if calculate i t , it s l i l l r e p i w u t a heat-
t h e collector current its k n o w n . t h e bam.1 current i f a t r a n s i s t o r tn t u r n e d i ^ u u p l e t e l y utY - -
r a n he f o u n d b y d i v i d i n g b y thiti n u m b e r . The t h a t i s , i f t h e n 1 i s n o f u r i ' O u t b e i n g d r a w n o u t of
e m i t t e r c u r r e n t is*, o f c o u r s e , i h e s u m o f t h e c o l - the base, a n d Huik uo c u r r e n t in the emittcr-
lector a u d base c u r r e n t * . cullector circuit (infinite resistance! then there
i s Kero heat-general ion i a u o j w i s n i t c h doesn't
The Transistor am a Variable Resistor g e n e r a t e h e a t , doe^ i t ? ) .
I ' 1 m m notice t h a i there is esseuliaUy 110 d i f - Un the u t h e r hatidf if the t r a n s i s t o r is turned
ference between alternating current and direct cuinpletcly t i n ( t h e o r e t i c a l l y , /tsro resistance
c u r r e n t * J f 1 w e r e t o l i a v e dc f l o w i n g i u a i v s i s t o r tuurti emitter and I'ulleetori then there is nu
in a |>articular d i r e c t i o n , a n d were to connect voltages drop ni'rusn the transistnr, aud hu«b
a dnuble-jHtJe, dnuhie-thmw toggle awilch tu again there U uo [Kiwer dissipation, or heat
t h i s r i r r u i t , L could cwifc alternating current by gencrjitiou, in the transistor <there in n o heat
throwing this toggle »witch back and forth, g e n e r a t e d i n a i-1nsed s w i l c h w i t h gn<'d cont-aebe,
That is, L would t>e r e v e r s i n g the flow o f the is thereV). It is only iu the in~bctwe«'n areaa
c u r r e n t i n the load r e s i s t o r j u s t a s fast a* t could where then* i s I r o u b l e — t h e resistacicp of
throw the switch. T h e resultant wave f o r m , if 'he tmnsislor is smnewherc between /.em and
we m a y use I h e t e r m , w o u l d truly a square i u t i n i l e ohing.
WsiVfc. H u t , we a r e s t r a y i n g s o m e w h a t from our sub-
Now certainly 1 rouldadd a transistor m Ihis j e r t . ' W h f l t we want t o d o i s * t i i d y i n m o r e detail
c i r c u i t s a d d a l i t t l e bit. o f d c b i a s c u r r e n t m that the changing uf the resKfance of the trausistor.
the current would never really t u r n around, find \\ e o f t e n t e n d t o I t e c u m e s o e i i g m s s e d w i t h t h e
t h u t f h a v e a n ar? a m p l i f i e r o p e r a t i n g o n a s q u a r e ^'Ki-alled ^ a m p l i f y r n g " charHcterifHtn-s o f a t r a u -
wave, T h e unly ditference between this circuit sintor that we tend to furget ils basic — aud
a n d a c i r c u i t c a r r y i n g ac w i t h a s i n e - w a v e form, simpie — v a n a h l ^ i e s i s t a n n ' characteristics.
w o u l d be t h a t with the square wave there are
o n l y t w o cunditiona: on and off. Load Line
With an amplifier operating on a sine wave D i d y m i ever t r y to pint the characteristics of
t h e r e m u s t be a n i n l i n i t e n u m b e r o f < - o u d i t i o n * i n » variable n*sibtnr? N o t m u c h to ph»t, y o u s a y —
order tn faithfully reproduce the waveform of but let's t r y it. A v o m i c we h a v « the circuit, o f
the i n p u t signal. T h i s indicates that a t r a n s i s t o r Kig, U{ i s a hved 100 o h m s , a n d AV «
in m o r e t h a n a t w o - c o n d i t i o n a w i t c h , b u t rather v a r i a b l e ! r e s i s t o r w h o * * l e s i s t a u c e c a n be varied
t h a i it has an infinite n n m l w r of "mndilimiH*'. a n y w h e r e between / f r o and i n f i n i t e o h m s . The
Wp shall now sec t h a t these ^cnndU.iotiH" Hre s e r i e s c u n i b i l i a t i u n o f the^e t w o resistors
n o t h i n g m o r e t h a n dlfYeront i v s H t a u r e K — t h a t i s r necte<l t o 10 v o l t s .

28 Q £ T for
 Fig, G-0 shows a plot of the characteristics <»f
resistor U+* It rhows thai when it* re^Munce is
M-t. to iniinite ohms, and thus when them is swro
current in I he i-ireitil, thou there i> 10 volts i w n w
it. T h i s is point. A . Likewise, when ii* resistance
is set U> wri> ohms, I hen there will lie zero volts
across it ( f = / > < / ' , stml tt - zero) and the
current in the circuit will Ik* 0.1 A. This is
dhown at point
Lot's take a third point: If the r e l i a n c e i f
thi* A'? i* set at 1UU ohms, then there will hn a
total of ail) ohm* in the circuit, and we will get
.05 A. T h i s will result in n vol to dropped a r m w
resistor tf? taiid, incidentally, tive v<»lts a M ' i w
/l'i); this point is shown plotted us point C. Now,
if we an? very aMute, wo will notice thai these
three points are <tn u straight lino, Furthermore,
if we choose other points, we will likewise find
that these joints depicting the current in, a n d
the voltage across, re>isb>r Ify will all fall on Ihe
same straight line. ThU liriv in cullrtl the hnnl Hm
uf thr nsistor Ncit very diificult, is il, nor very
profound, but oh, how helpful it can be!
JTtT
R2 Rl 100 tov
AAV —o
<-0
Fig. 6-5—Fixed and variable realtors In series connected
to 10 volts*
Nolice that what we have plotted an/ the
characteristics (voltage across and current in.) ot
the variable resistor tfs, as it changes lis re-
distance from Keiti to infinite nhros. W e cannot,
by any means wliatsouver, make the resistance
ofthis resistor less than /.omnium, nor more than
intinite ohms; nor can we do it to a counterpart
transistor. These limit* are imposed by nature,
but you would be surprised how many designers
h i VOL t s
Fig. 6-6—Characteristics of resistor Rv in circuit of Rg* 6-5.
April 1970
vry t o g f i a transistor tu assume a resistance less
than zero tilling.
Transistor Load Lino
Now let' us do I he ^ame t hing to the transistor
circuit of Fig, tJ-T. Y o u will note that (hi* i* the
xunu circuit as hhown in Fig. (Wi, except that we
have *ui*ti(uted a transistor for the \'ariahle
r e c t o r ti»} and have added the biasing circuit,
Furthermore, if you will look back to Fig. ti-4
yon will see that this is the circuit which we used
to demoristrate ae in a transistor, even the
valine have remained the same.
You will uot-e i h u l the dc bias current is I m A ,
and that the signal current is I m A in one
-10 v.<
Ffg, 6-7—Same circuit at Fig. 6-5 but with transistor sub-
stituted far variable resistor
direction, ur 1 m A in the opposite direction.
< 'uiiMiiiiGiitly, base current of the transistor will
either be 2 m A or 111A. W e stated (and
admittedly we brushed over it. rat her q u i c k l y — it
would have been pelting ahead of our story to
do otherwise) that sincc the " b e t a 1 ' (remember
ratio ot collector current to base current > was
abouli -hi, the 13 m A liase current would result
in a collector current of OS mA, and the zem m A
base current. would result in a zero m A collector
current-
fiefs plot the characteristics of this transistor
in thbi circuit, and utt what we really have.
Actually, we have already done so, in Fig. 6-ti,
since this circuit is identical to that of Fig. ti-fi,
iVutice fmm I he straight loa<l line of Fig. 6-fl that
1 he maKiiuain piissible current nhich can tmuU
in this circuit is 0,1 A t or 100 m A - T h i s condi-
tion exist* when the resistance of the transistor
ift xero ohms, A * mentioned above, there is no
jxissible nieuiiH of getting more current, out. of
Ihis cireitit,
Hy the same token, when the transistor is
"turned off*\ lhal is, when its resistance is in-
finite, the current in the circuit is of course
dmppeil to jsero 111A. T h i s was p o i u l J of Fig. 6-6.
So our circuil <if Fijt tWT i* perfectly vali<L W e
can, if the transistor has a beta of at least -tft,
and if the supply voltaic is 10 volts and the col-
lector fixed |r>ad msistor is 100 o h m s obtain a
enrnmt in the cullecbir of 98 IKIA« T h i s point is
^ o w n in Fig. tUi as point /A Lf Uie resi^trauee of
the 100-ohm collector resisUir had been an high
29
as (03 uhnu we never vroiild have been able 1 to0. In a rrnnhtrtnr circuit drxiy
squeeze 1)8 mA, out of the circuit ichlj must there de pmuntf
So Jot's brieflyreviewthe load line. Point A 11, In the tnmxwtor eiremt of Fig
(Kig.ti-01is at (he h»wer of the load line, uud nf the iiltrrwntinf? current act
indicates that when I he resistanre of the tran- the 10k\l resistor/
sistor is nihility then the current in the IraiM*— 112. Uejine ' beta'\ w applied t
tor is xero rnA, and the voltngn nrmss t>hn tmu-
sistor is t.Hjuiil to the supply voltage* Answer*:
Likewise, point H Is at the upper end of the1. tt nn>nt resf?nible» u resistor, although in
load lino, »nd indicate* that when 1 hi* it-sM sincerippeialtafid applications its characteris
uf the trauMstnr i» wrn ohms, tlien the eunx-nt in inductance atul capaeitari^e must be takcu
the transistor is equal to the supply voltage into account. The tranBistor dnen nut rowm
divided by the fixed resistor iti the eirciiit, ami ble a hatterv.
r.hat the vultageacn^ the tnin*i*tur is rem v«>itn2.. The limit* that are imputed <m any
When a transistor is operating at point it. is n w i
s tor, nam ely, asm to intuut*? ohm«.
wid to 1>e i'iit off lan obvious description "i, When So fast that yoii i-sin tdmost iirnore thi*
a transistor is operating at point H% it is slid to switching time. It can certainly change it*
be in ^saturation i.its n^sUl unee ha* been low em Icondition in less than n millionth of a seco
to yero nhma, mid it enn h\ tin m*wris at its dis- Switching transistors nr»» m guud deal fast
pi»wal cause mure current to tlowj* When no llccause a t nitidis tor is a unidirectional de-
alternating-current signal is applied to the vien, Ynu might ku.v that it is a variable
transistor — i,c>, when only the iic bins w a|>- resistor in series with a diode,
plied, the resultant eollertnr mrrent can be ft. Zero heat, or watts. (No current, no pow
represented by pointfc\Tlus is known as the tt, Tliufiwtieally, zero. t'No resistance, no vo
"peralingpnint, since it is that puinl *il>oul which age »lmp, no povier dissipation';
we make excursions, depending upuu the wave7- Not if the external resistor atul the battery
form of the incoming ac signal. remain constant,
Therefore we have the load line of a transistor No, The irtJivimiun runout we wuld have
— a line which is determined at one end by the obtained then inft/100« .06A - *j0 mA.
ripply voltage, and at the other wd by the Cutoff (lower right 1,fclaturationiupper left)
supply voltage divided by tlie fixed collector and Operating I'oint (soniewher^ in the
resistor. middle),
NV>xt we have an operating point on this load 10.fienausea transistor will conduct current i
line — normally about midway down the line, only one direction, a "bias" current muftt
Thin operating point is determined by Liu: beta added to the circuit.
of the franbiator, ami by the bias current in tlm 11. Yes, indeed. Kverv shunt path will bleed
ba away some of the precioiifl alternating cur-
Finally, the exmrwinns cm this load line uf the rent, It is fnr this reanon that we keep th
a« signal are determined by t.he l>eta of the j^istors tin large as ixissihlo.
transistor, and by the amplitude <>f the input 12. " lleta*1 niny be defined generally aa the ra
*ignnl. of collector current to has? current,
In Part 7 we shall focus mir attention on ihe HSS
i i iimn i i

methods <>f biding a transistor, and determine

the merits of Lhe*e method* us the beta of a
transistor varies.
Xte-StravsH
Questions;
a tranxiNtor wmt
1. Which of the following doe*F««dback
rrxnnhlr —> a <vtparitorf an inductor, a rmiKtor,
Thn \ifh Wvrld-Uidu HI'TY UX Medallion r
a battery/ rc|*irt, appearing mi |>a^ nf thn Maroh BbHUC
2. // a iranxtsbyr rewtyhleH a srmVrfrjr,
hown I >Lx\ Xwhat with aare the «.f 42.ii.it pouitM. T
limit* of thi* rentMtnncr/ ( AHTfi has s i
n ce whil thp *»rrur und indieatCM
X littwfaxt ran a transistor changetti
a t lie fchould
its l>e
Mtitfanee? M -<-
r»r
fl
e d tw elfth-high scorer
svith XVtfSl
4. 117/1/ th tee tihmijx hare to add i^ml*. AnfainteriMinit wleliiiht of th
tenbio*
t was current
a ri»py of rhn fully comuLiUr'iftcd read
a transistor/ ot results furnished AHRL by YKWiK.
5, How rtnieh heat, intfrnvratedin a translator m til H
when it in in mfajff f.» |>art I nf Mr- StotM's M-rii-s ttir polarity o
It. time murk hrat in generated the p inolenatoriravxixtnr
tiattery for the npti trnnsistnr (Keh
when *t is in sattwali* rn a ry , QSI\ 4f), [-r,\ Romehow tfiut
7* U it possible to hone a curved v^rsfond
etl. Theline/puMtiyp etid should gu to the colle
tuii t
h
K If the. battery voltage uf h ig% H-l had hern
l e Uise. anifl
Jie* nttlia, could wr still hare mewf*£/?'/
In 4 to yet a
pm i n ^^
t pujce IH of Jatiuar>', Qt<T§ i/lill^U
mtvrnlim current of wA/ "Transistur Mofhilo1*) th« i*n>iinion eonnfftion
H- What are the three most iuij*ortnni
Iwtwi?r-xi Htufgepoint*
* sh<itj!d h on
ave ahad a rhn^is «ymb(
load line eaitedt indicate intemjnnection with the uthcr module*.

30 QST lor
A Practical Solution to an
Impractical Problem
BY MARION D. REDLINGSHAFLR,* W5LQH

r p H E author, W5LQH, lives in a mobile home in

^ an average mobile home park and, of course,
has only enough ground space to stand up and turn
around twice, which is of his choosing and not to
be fretted about. Last June a severe hailstorm
nearly tore the side off the mobile home; the
insurance company agreed to Teplace the damaged
side. Since most trailer repairmen are not too
radio-minded, or even attempt to he so, the
particular repairman sent out loosened the 30-foot
antenna mast from the damaged side, along with
the cantelever boom guys, and "down came the
Cliff Dweller antenna," breaking off both tuneable
sections a*. well as bending the mast to an
unuseable condition.
A new tower was planned for replacement but
how to erect n 40-foot tower in a 3-foot ground
space became a matter for great and lengthy
discussions. Suggestions considered, a plan was
finally devised to solve not only the erection but to
gain some previously unplanned benefits. Consider-
able hjgh- and low-level engineering talent was
gathered for the undertaking. It was decided all
assembly tuning, etc,, would be done on the
ground since everyone wanted to use the one
available screwdriver and wrench, l'hc Cliff Dweller
tuning sections were shortened and replaced on
their flanges, the motor driven tuning rods were
epoxied together, bent elements straightened, a
40-tout tower was purchased and all was in
readiness for the erection. The author's 40-foot tower. All of the work in
A hole 30-inches wide and 3fi-feet deep was dug assembling and erecting the tower was done at
at the selected location. These dimensions are plus ground level.
or minus 10 percent or 2 cups of coffee. Next, a
50-gallon oil drum was obtained from the local
service station to which the tower base was The water from the hose was diminished and the
attached. The drum and base were then started sand previously dug from the hole was replaced
into the hole and tower sections were bolted in along Kith a shovel of cement every 4 or 5 shovels
place. All work was done at ground level. of sand. With the replacement of ail the sand and
Succeeding tower sections were added us the cement in the hole, the antenna and its oil-drum
assembled tower was lowered- The rotator, 2-meter hydaulie-ram base wan free standing at ground
beam and Cliff Dweller were assembled into the level, the top 40 feet in the air. All work had been
top section and all was ready for the rf and control done at ground level.
cabling. These were properly connected to the "Who said it couldn't be done?" Bgr=q
antennas and the process of erection was begun.
Wafcj from the city mains wax fed into the hole
and With a hydraulic ram effect the assembled
tower started out of the hole. A great cheer arose
from the confident, and a gasp of "a-d-h" from the
skeptics. Up she came and only slight holding was
required t o keep it upright. The rf and control
cabling was fished down the inside of the tower Radio amateurs who are also Indiana University
and attached with tape to one of the legs, A alumni may participate in the celebration of the
bracket attached to the top of the trailer also University's sesqut centennial In aspecial manner.
steadied the tower as it rose out of the ground, or During I ^70, K9IU operating in the bands from 80
grew, as it were. Now the base of the tower was at to 6 meters, will issue a special certificate to any
ground level and the final operation was required. alumnus who contacts the campus amateur radio
station. In addition, other stations will receive a
•900 E. Madrid* Las Ciuees, NM. commemorative QSL for contacting the station.

April 1970 31
Building A "Skinnier Linear"
A NEW king-size color-TV sweep tube was re-
cently developed by Ampeiex a 6LF6.
Natural curosity caused the writer to try one in a
simple linear-amplifier circuit. The "Skinnier
Linear" ts the result of the tests made on that
huskier-than-avurage tube
The fiLF6 has a maximum plate dissipation
rating of 40 wafts. Earlier sweep tubes were n t e d
at less than 30 watts until such tubes as the 6KD6
appeared on the market. The 6KD6 has a 33-watt
rating, and functions very well as a grounded-grid
amplifier in the 3- to JO-MIIz range, 1 Of course,
the extra plate-dissipation allowance of the 6LI-6
means that the tube cart be sucked a little bit
hardCT to provide more output power than the
smaller types can safely priwidc. Maximum plate
voltage for the 6LI'6 ls 990. During the temporary
overloads the plate dissipation is rated at 200
watts. Specifications and curves for this tube are
given in the Ampcrex file, Publication L
50Vf*LF6.
* Actine Technical Editor.
1 "A Sweep-Tube Linear Amplifier/* The Radio
Amateur's Handbook, 46th Edition, page 197.
There are times when adverse hand
conditions can spelt doom for the QRP
operator• Whether the mode is cw or
$sb, a few extra watts can often assure
a "solid'* QSO when the going gets a
hit rough. This amplifier is designed
for the low-power operator, and it wilt
enable him to boost the output power
of his QRP transmitter to as much as
J 75 watts. It can he driven by any
solid-state or tithe rig whose power
output h from one to twenty-five
watts. It operates from 3.5 to 21 MHz,
and can be used on 28 MHz if one is
witling to accept a sacrifice in
efficiency.
32
Front view of the on*-tube amplifier shouvinq
solid-state QRP cw transmitter as dfi exciter,-A
homemade aluminum cabinet houses the amplifier.
Vent holes ere located above the tube f on the top
of the enclosure, and the rear opening of the case
permits air to enter through perforated^aluminum
screening.
The tube has an unusually thick envelope, and
this feature is intended to prevent the glass trom
cracking or being sucked in at high temperatures -
d problem with some sweep tubes. Ampcrex states
that the glass material is a special heat-resistant
variety, and one gets the impression that it is
similar to Pvrex when tapping the envelope with a
sulid object. Additional heat protection is offered
by a large anode iin, inside the envelope, m^j
between the main anode structure and the plate
cap. The filament requirements art- b J volts at 2
amperes.
Using the circuit of Fig. L a cw power output of
175 watts was obtained with 25 watts uf driving
power. Similarly, 175 watts peak output was
obtained during *xb tests. The third- and fifth-order
distortion products were down 27 dB below HHP
level at 120-watts PFP output. At 175 watts PFP
output the distortion products were some 25 ilR
below PhP IcVcL "ITiese figures compare favorably
with those obtained while testing other sweep-tube
amplifiers. At HO watts PkP output the IMD M s
somewhat better — approximately 31 d b below
PltP value. Efficiency checks of the amplifier
turned up a figure uf approximately f>0 percent.
The tank circuit is designed for Q of 10 at 25U
watts peak input. No provision was made for
10-meter operation, mainly because of the high
output capacitance of the fil.Ffi IR.S pK
Doubtless, one could tap the 15-meter coil for
10-meter operation, but the total C in the circuit
(taking into account the minimum capacitance of
the plate tuning capacitor) would be incorrect for
the desired tank L-C ratio. The amplifier efficiency
Would be somewhat less than for the other hands.
It is on the order of 50 percent at 15 meters with
the present circuit. The 60-percent figure applies at
3.5, 7, and 14 MEfe.
QST for
 AMP
M>ut Nil
/T
11 TO
Fig. 1 — Schematic diagram ot the llneur amplifier. Fixed-value resistors are composition. Fixed-value
capacitors are disk ceramic, 600 volts, unless otherwise indicated. Polarized capacitors are electrolytic.
C i - 3 3 9 - p F variable (Milien 19335 ur equiv.K
C 2-Three-sect ion broadcast variable, 365 pF per
section, all sections in parallel (J.W. Miller
2113 or similar. Remove trimmers from
tide).
C R ] CR2—50-PRV, I ampere silicon diode (Motor-
ola HEP-154 or equiv.).
C R 3 - C R 6 mcL-1000-PRV, 1-ampere, silicon
diode (Motorola HEP-160, or equiv.).
<1—Nd. 44 panel lamp (Fuse, and total cathode-
current current indicator; See text),
l2~No. 42 pilot lamp.
J1 J2-Chassis connector, SO-239 style.
J3, J4'-Nylon binding post, one red, one black
(Johnson 111-102 and 111-103 used here!.
L i — t u r n s No. 12 tinned copper wire, 1-inch
diameter, 1XA inches long.
1-2—26 turns No. 12 enam. wire, space-wound to
occupy entire area of Amidon T-200 tordid
core (Amidon Assoc., 12033 Otsego St., N.
Hollywood, Calif. 91607). Tap 13 turns
from C2 end for 7 MH?. Tap 22 turns from
C2 end for 14 MHz,
Rl - R 4 inct. - Sm text.
The Circuit
Referring to Fig. ]. j toroidal input transf-
former, T i , couples the exciter to the cathode ot'
(he tube. It i* not u trur broad-band transformer
because the tube presents a shunt capacitancc nf
37 pi* across the secondary of 7 Y This, pins
roughly 10 pK of stray circuit czipacitarice, pre*
vents the transformer from being broad enough for
a low S W R on ail of the bands. The design centcT
for /'1 is 6 MHz. and it provide* an impedance
April 1970
i3-8l HHt
Li
R F C 1 —Transmitting-type rf choke (Johnson
102-752L
RFC2—2.5-mH, 100-mA rf choke-
RFC3-Bifilar-wound filament choke; 50 turns No.
20 enam. on 4-inch length of 0.5-inch
diameter ferrite rod (Indiana General
CF-503 rodr available from Newark Elect-
ronics Corp.). Alternatively, 75 turns No. 20
enam. wire on length of %-inch diameter
wooden dowel,
51—Single-(30let 5-position, single-sectioh, ceramic
rotary switch (Centralab PS-101 or equiv., 6
positions unused, see text).
52-Spst toggle.
T1—Toroidal input transformer; Primary - 17
turns No. 26 enam. wire wound to cover
two T-6B-2 Amidon cores (see text); Secon-
dary — 35 turns No. 24 enam. wire, wound
over primary winding.
T2—Power transformer; 800 volts, center tapped,
200 mA; 6.3 volts at 5 amperes; and 5 volts
at 3 .amperes (Allied/Knight 5401414 or
equiv J*
Zi-Parasitic suppressor; 6 turns No. 20 wire in
parallel with 56-ohm. watt carbon resistor.
transformation of approximately 4:1. The SWR, as
measured at J i J s less than 2.5 to L at 80 and 40
meters. It is 3 to ] at 15 meters, and a rather high
5 to ! at 14 MHz. The actual SWR depends upon
the operating conditions of the tube at u giveri
power level, and ehanges with the driving power
applied at J\. Tests were made with ;in rf choke
from cathode to ground, unU with a U.Ul-ub'
coupling cvipacytor between J1 and the cathode.
The SWK on all of the hands was greater than 3-5
 ductor, Li. is used tor 15-meter operation, and is a
part of the tutal inductance for the thret lower
m jfk jri bands. An attempt was made to use u few turns of
the toroid coil for 21 MHz, but the Q was too low
for good results.
The power supply is connected tor full-wave
bridge rectification. This provides a dc operating
voltage of 9UU under load. The power supply
regulation is approximately 10 percent with 33-uF
of capacitance across the dc line. Ihrec IUti-ui*
c j pad tor k are used in series to provide the voltage
rating needed. Equalizing resistors are bridged
across the vapacitont to assure their safety, dtnl to
bleed the supply when it is turned off. bias is
provided by connecting a vol tage-dou bier circuit
across the 5-volt winding of Tz R l and R 2 form a
vultage divider that sets the bias to the bLP6 at - 5
volts. ITii* value established a resting plate current
at 15 mA,
This amplifier Cdn be operated with SOU volts on
the plate, and will deliver up to 75 watts output
under that condition. The lower plate voltage may
be preferred if the amplifier is to be used for
novice-band (.iteration. The bias 1* lowered to - 1
volt for 501) volt operation.
By using filament choke RFC4 which is htfilar-
wound on a fvrrite rod, less driving power is
needed than if the filament leads were bypassed for
rf. The choke can he omitted if .implc driving
Looking into the bottom of the amplifier chassis, power is available.
the bitilar filament choke it at the far left, T i , the
input transformer, is above the filament choke, and Construction Details
just t o the right. A ceramic feedthrough bushing
carries the high voltage to The 6LF6 plate. Another The amplifier and power supply are built on a 7
bushing is used to route the rf output from C2 to X 9 X 2-inch aluminum chassis. The cabinet
J2. consists of two U-shaped channels which .ire
attached to the sides uf the chassis by means uf
No. 6 Nhect-metal screw?, [ he cabinet is 7<£ inches
high, arid is 7 inches wide. The panel is recessed Vi
to I, It is lbi this reason that the toroidal inch, making the cabinet depth 9V? inches. Two
transformer was used* If a I-to-1 SWR is desired on vent holes, ejeh 21': inches in diameter, arc
the various band** a pi-section matching network centered 011 a line four inches back tram the front
can be installed externally and band-switched. edge of the cabinet. Perforated aluminum serves as
Examples of thifc technique are given in the TVI shielding, but permits the heat to escape from
transmitting chapter of The Radio .Amateur's the cabinet. The rear opening of the cabinet is
Handhtiok.* However, for <dl practical purposes, enclosed with perforated aluminum as an aid to
the amplifier performs quite well with 7*1 at the TVI prevention. Self-adhesive rubber feet are used
input, and only slightly more driving power is on the bottom nf the cabinet.
needed at 14 MHz for a given dc input power than The aluminum for the cabinet abraded with
is required on the remaining three hands. coarse emery cloth to give it a grained appearance,
A No, 44 pilot lamp, / s e r v e s a two-fold tt was then immersed in a lye Kith (caution used
purpose: It is used as a ft-amncie fuse to protect here against physical contact with the hath} to
the bLF6, and it provides a visual tuning indicator obtain the satin finish. A cuating of clear spray
for adjusting the amplifier. Fxternat metering lacquer was then added as a protective finish. 'I tic
provisions are available at / a and J ^ A Oto-J-mA front panel was sprayed with French gray, and
meter serves as a voltmeter across the jacks, and black decafs were added for identifying the con-
provides a full-scale reading equivalent to 300 mA. trols.
The meter reads the voltage drop acrost R3, which Referring to his. t , the top UlU-uF filter
increase* as the plate current nf the tube becomes capacitor in the power supply is a tubular type
higher. Resistor R 4 enables the meter to read 3 with a cardboard ease. It it mounted under the
volts, full scale,. Lamp / 1 indicates total cathode chassis on terminal strips (see photo> and is safe
current, while the external meter reads only plate with regard to physical contact. The center lOO-ut*
current, filter capacitor is a twist-lock type, and is mounted
A toroidal inductor is used for ami it covers above the chassis. It has a cardboard outer rover to
3.S through 14 MHz. A separate air-wound in- prevent physical contact until its metal case. It tfm
2 "A Tuned Input Circuit for Grounded-Griri were not done the operator could get a severe
Amplifiers/' QST, May L968, page 34. shock if the capacitor case v/us touched while v>mc

34 QST for
Inside view of the amplifier. The power supply is at
the right of the photo, and the rf section is
assembled near the front panel, it is suggested that
the 6LF6 tube be moved farther away from the
toroidal inductor when duplicating this amplifier.
In this model the tube transfers considerable heat
to the coil, an undesireable condition.

other part of his body was in contact with the

ground. The bottom capacitoi EULS only a few vults
between Us caw and ground, so it need not be
covered. The two topchassi* electrolytic* are
mounted un phenolic insulating bate* to isolate
them from the chassis Make sure that all three
capacitors are of the same value if substitutions are
made. If not, the voltage division acruvt them will
be unequal, and one may be damaged by excessive
potential.
Toroidal coil A 2 is wound with No. 12 enameled .1
••1

wire. Care should be taken to minimize the stress

on the core when winding /,:>. Too much tension
can break the core, but if it does break it can be
repaired with epoxy cement, and it will perform as
well as before being broken. The insulation should
be scraped off the wire where the tap* sire placed,
and cach spot tinned with solder. This can be done
as the coil is heinj! wound. The toroid is mounted
directly on S1 hy its tap leads, which should be
fairly *tiff bus wire* Not 14 or larger. The switch
has several unused terminals, and these serve as tic
points fur mounting the toroid. Wires can then be
run from the tic points to Ihe appropriate switch
lugs for proper indexing. A 4-inch-long ceramic
pillar serves as a mounting point for the plate
blocking capacitor, and for one end of
The input transformer, 7*1, uses two small
Amidon toroid cores, *tackcd» Before winding the
transformer place a narrow strip of masking tape
around the outer perimeter of the cores to hold
them together. Alternatively, the cores can be
cemented together with epoxy glue. Two cores
were used for 7\i to assure adequate power-
handling capability.
Using the A mpHfter
Table I >how? the amount of power output that
can be expected with several values of driving
power No more than 25 watts of drive should be
used if damage to the tube is to be prevented. It
can be seen that even a small exciter of 1.5 watts
output will drive this amplifier. Tests were made
with the QRP R0-40 solid-state rig3 a* an exciter.
Power output from the linear amplifier was 22
watts, a worthwhile increase indeed.
With drive applied at J\ tunc C f i for a dip in
lamp brilliance at Adjust C2 for the desired
amount of loading- Best efficiency will occur with
moderate coupling to the loud. During cw opera-
tion the amplifier can be tuned for maximum
power output a* indicated on an SWR meter or rf
ammeter. For ssb use, couplc the amplifier rather
tightly to the load for best signal quality. t'a
should be adjusted until the dip in plate current is
no greater than 10 or 15 mA. filial
W S T R A V A ^ T

TABLE; 1

Driving Power Output Power

(watts) (3.5-J 4 MHz.) MUZ)
1.5 22 19
2 25 22«5
5 42 37
8 60 54
15 63
20 90 80
22 no 115
25 175 157

This chart shows the rf output puwer

obtained from the linear amplifier at various
driving-power levels. The tank circuit was
tuned for maximum output, Part of the
driving power is represented in the power-
output figures given here.
Pacific Division Director W6ZRJ explains Oscar
circuits to Fremont High School Bandjammers pres-
ident W A 6 B X H and WB6DSV. The club has been
active with all Oscars, helping at Oscar HQ, and op-
erating their own tracking station.

April 1970 35
 Gimmicks Gadgets
A High-C Substitution Box For The
Experimenter's Workbench
sc trausilor circuit experiments hieh value* of

I enpacitanee are often hmhJ for coupling,

filtering and liyp£Ls^iiiK- T o ileterniiiie tKh
proper <e&puf*itaincc values it hah been nummary
to *>lder and 1 in Bolder test capacitor* because
of the unavailability of an ii»ix|wiKivo capacitor
substitution box having the proper range, A

V \
solution U> thi* problem w a simple homemade
hubstjhjticm box, such n* the one sliown in the
photographs and in K i l t L
liuildinfc the substitution box is a gnud project
for thobe with a j u n k box, s i n w purchasing ad—
A
new capacitors is a b i t expensive. If y o u sire
miwsinj? a n y popular values, a visit tci 11 friend,
who h w a well-*tockod j u n k box, i* in order, T h e
mpacitorn chosen warn what. the author had on
hand: the number and values of the capacitors
may bo varied to *uit individual requirement*.
Obviotwly, the vnltaRe rating of the cupncifnr
with the lowest maximum voltage r a t i n g dot er-
mines the m a x i m u m voltage rating of the com-
pleted unit. T h e ant horrhnse values of capacitor*
with r a t i n g of volts ur more, (rnnsktor
eirraiittf xeldom have voltages above this value.
The HIgh-C Substitution Box
A Bird sloping-panel cabinet i . A l M t i l O ) is uaed
to hou.se the r-apacitnr* and switch. Although the
switch used was a junk-bos. item, a Centra lab
P A - l U U l will do the job. Note, however, thaf the
Centralab w i t c h h w curly one seHiun, whereas
the iirvicitial unit has two *ectnmR. Although thn so 150 Jffoo
?
F 7
two-section switch. was uted because it wiis (lie J* uo 900
o n l y switch »vailablf\ the second Miction doe* +r T 4
provide a convenient set of tie poinLs for the ii
negative lendti of the capacitors. A length of
heavy tinned wire can be used as a common tie 166o
l>oint for the negative leads wheu asiugtc-spclinn
switch w used. — WtKLK
Hg. 1— Schematic diagram of the capacitor substitution
box. Capacitance values are In pF* All capacitors are
electrolytic* with voltage ratings of 25 volts or more.
Jl—Red binding post {Johnson 111-102).
J*—Black binding post (Johnson 111-103].
Si—Phenolic rotary, 1 section, 1 pole, 11 positions
{Centralab PA-1001).

Interior view of the capacitor substitution box. Although

a one-section switch can be used in place of the two-
section unit shown, the two-section switch offers the wiring
convenience of providing a tie point for the negative lead
of each capacitor.

QST lot
 Clamping Diodes for CW
Break-In
BY K. & STONE,* W7BZ, ex-W7BMF

N spite of the advantages of break-in ow RF AMP

I oiwratjon, many amateurs are still using a

manual system to change from transmit to
receive. While most tnuisrniHerfl are c|uitt> easily
SWt
OR .MIXER

adapted to simple QriK keyuig systems, many

receivers are a different story.
It is the purpose of thin article to ouiline a
full break-in approach that has bocn used by
the author with both tube-type mid solid-state
home-brew receivers f w some yeaiw. Some points added, ne
uf intercut are:
1) No relays are required and there are nn
interconnections between tho transmitter and I-F AMP
receiver. All of the required circuitry is contained
inside the receiver it#elf, -tz Toefetedor
2) Modifications to the receiver are of the y cwaut
"no hole" type and can be installed and removed
easily without lowering tho resale value of the
receiver.
3) Monitoring of keying fe dune by listening
to (he transmitter signal instead of a monotonous
side tone from some sort of audio oscillator.
This assures that you are sending on the name
frequency that you are receiving on, and is less
taring.
It must be p o i n t s out that, with the many
different type* of receivers in use, the author
must deal in generalities but the principles out-
Diodes
lined should work with nearly any receiver.
Let's consider what happens when yuu key
your transmitter with your receiver net up for
Cc) added here

a normal signal of a few microvolts. The detector
circuit, suddenly sees a signal voltage many
time* larger than normal, and the BFO voltage
with wiiich it is supposed to heat to produce
an audio note is no longer in proj>er pro {portion.
An a result, the receiver usually just. dead,
or blocks. Even with uvc, the gain uf the receiver
probably cannot be reduced enough t>o keep the
audio output at n. immnable level, However
if we can limit the input to the detector circuit
at about one volt peuk-tivpeufe, the detector
will be able to handle thw amount of signal with-
out blocking and a normal Audio beat noto will
be heard.
The accompanying circuit diagrams will show
how this can l>e done. Kg. IA shows four silicon
diodes connected to the antenna cuiL These
diodes conduct very little in the forward direction
until the voltage aenws them reaches about. nno-
half volt. Then they conduct very heavily and
atuount to a short circuit for that part of the
signal cycle where the voltage exceeds a half volt.
*64TG»nt Ave.,Twin Kails,lb
Fig. I—Diodes added to the receiver to limit the signal
level during transmission. See text.
On norma] signals they can he <*insidered to be
open circuits. This then Limit* the signal ampli-
tude applied to the first mixer in the receiver in
about one volt peak-to-peak.
Pig. IB shows a similar pair of diodes con*
nected to the Last- i-f amplifier stage, These
diodes Limit the amount of i-f signal to the
detector stage to about one volt peak-to-peak.
Possibly other points in the i-f amplifier stage*
should be similarly treated depending on the
particular receiver.
Because of all the clipping and shaping of the
rf envelope going through the receiver, the audio
amplifier will pass a lot of clicks and thumps.
Fig, 10 shows a simple audio limiter that will
clip those off. This also helps to keep the audio
signal from the transmitter very nearly the
same level as the received signal. If a higher
(Continued on page 4&)

April 1970 37
 Relay Switching for Increasing Receiver Sensitivit
and Transmitter Output from the HW-17A
B Y E D W A R D P . TILTON,* W1HDQ
grated in the QJ5T report on the HW-17A, 1
l\ building this Heath kit. gives vein a lot uf
2-meter transceiver far the money. The
transmitter works very well and it* power output
in well above that- of most a-m transceivers used in
k J-meter mobile sendee. Unfortunately the j-e-
<»eiver 1 naves quite a hit tn be desired, due in part
to use of diode hwitching for the send-rereive
function*.
Design changet* mentioned in the last para-
graph of the " I t a w i t . Kqulptnent" ivriteup make
Home improvement iii the IIW-17A receiver, but
they still leave it coiu&idcrably below what U
likely to satisfy the dismminating 2-meter
enthusiast, These changes were assumed to he
an available modification for previouHly-deliverud
kits, but it turned out that they are included only
in 11W-I7A» shipped after about the middle of
1080. For fbis reason, and because the changes
effect only a partial cure, it was derided to see
what could be done with conventional twitching
of the antenna circuits.
If you want to m? how much improvement you
can realize, without actually following through
the procedure to be given later in detail, simply
unsolder the coaxial letui from capacitor Can, at
the inner input, and substitute a coaxial con-
nector temporarily at this point. Connect the
coaxial line from your 2-meter antenna to this
connector, and see the difference, Y«m may have
to repeak the tuner front end a bit, preferably oti
a weak sigual. I f your receiver is like ours, this
should net- hti improvement, of at least, fi dH
in signal-to-noise ratio. You uuiy even heur
signals ynu missed before, if tout transceiver is
an FTW-17 or early IIW-17A. If you like the
results, here is how to assure thetn permanently.
The S*nd~Rectiv* Circuitry
En the I1W-17A the following functions are
performed by the microphone switch, H t t \
Receiving. Terminal 2 on ftH\ (white lead)
i* normally closed to Terminal 1, grounding the
base iif i/ii through HFC.6, disabling thi« stage t
a microphnne preamplifier, Terminal Ji (black
lead) is closed to Terminal 4 (red lead') grounding
the low side of the output transformer and com-
pleting the circuit feeding the phone* and speaker
voice eniL The*e function* are retained hh
described when we make uur modifications, and
the asnociated circuits continue as shown in the
FTW-17A Manual.
* V7IF Editor, QST.
1 Reeont Equipment, Q$T< July, m\&> fiap- 4U.
38
T r a n s m i t t i n g Pressing the microphones witch
connects Terminal il nf to the hot side of
the miurnpbone. I t also connects Terminal 5
1 always grounded inside the microphone case)
to t he black microphone lead, Terminal fi.
^omiecHnns to Terminals 1, X and 4 of OH'*
remain unchanged. Only Terminal 6 is affected
by the procedure outlined below.
What the Modifications Do
It will be seen from the kit manual that
Terminal ti of tfW'n w connected to many com-
ponents. To clarify what is to be done, look at
the bottom of the rig with the panel toward the
front, WTe will work on the terminal strip AP,
which is along the Je?ft side of the remver circuit
board. PVom now on, terminal numbers referred
to will be those un the strip, unless otherwise
stated* The black lend from the microphone
goes to Terminal ft, along with several other
leads. Only the black lead will be moved. The
grounding function formerly handled by the
microphone switch, through the black lead, will
he taken care of by a relay.
The grounding of the black lead will be meed
to close the coil circuits of the relays, At and
K* in Kig, 1, which thow* the complete modified
circuit. Two relays are shown, but a single coaxial
relay with two sets of auxiliary terminals could
be used. We used two relays of unknown vintage*
picked up as surplus and kept for year* for just
such an application. (Surplus scrounging dot*
pay off, tiow and then!) The relays should have
12-vnlf low-current coils, preferably with a
resistance of ISO ohms or more.
Relay Kt is a small coaxial job, used to switch
the antenna lead from the receiver to the trans-
mitter. Duplicates are still available, See refer-
ence under Pig. L i t doen t his without measurable
power or signal loss, which is more than can be
said fov the diode switching system it replaces.
Relay K - performs two grounding operations.
The transmitter cathode circuits and the diode
circuits retained in the receiver are grounded
when SW& is in the 'MtANBMir and r e c e i v e
positions, respectively.
Modifiea tion Procedure
For the kit-oriented worker, here is the step-
hy-stcp proceduret h la lleathkit.
1) Unsolder the coil end of all parts connected
to the transmitter output-coupling axtil, L\t*
These are / , u , 1J\oi, arid Gm> Leave the
other ends of these parts in place.
QST for
 VIB
XMTR 47D^Rt07 t50^Rlll
RCVR I D804 I I D204 I I 0310
T" |P3I3 T * IP314 T *
Htmnals, rv.
&cipAP
,02^C3T3
I Black
I®SES
5W£
RCVR
TUnev input o
Rg- 1— Schematic diagram of the revised HW-17A, with a coaxial relay, JCi, replacing the diode twitching formerly
used for antenna change-over. Other sand-receive functions are performed by relay Kir, Except for these relay* and
the antenna lack, Ji, all components are identified by their original Heathkit designation*.
Jl—Coaxial antenna jade (SO-23?) to replace phono K*—Double-pole single-throw relay with 12-volt coil,
jack furnished with the HW-17A kit.
Ki—Coaxial antenna relay with 12-volt low-current coil,
preferably 150 ohms or higher resistance, (Small
surplus type available for $1*50 each from
Sidney L Emmons, K8ZES» GaGon, Ohio 44833.)
2) Hun an insulated lead from the etui of
RFC* that you have just disconnected to one
arm on relay K%.
3) Unsolder the end of RFC% that was con-
nected to Kim and / i m .
4) Unsolder the black lead from Terminal 5of
strip APy and connect it to Terminal 2.
5) itun an insulated lead from the other arm
of K* to Terminal fi of strip AI\
6) Ground the two other terminals of relay JCj-
7) Connect the coils of K\ and K* iu parallel.
Connect one nide to the 13-volt line. A convenient
spot is the junction of diodes A»wtand Dm and
capacitor Cm* Connect the other side of the
coils to Terminal 2 of ^frip AP.
K) Remove Ihe coaxial lead frrim the antenna
jack, J-\m Disconnect the other end of this coax
and discard it. Vou may want, to install a con-
ventional coaxial tilting for J], in place of the
phono jack supplied with the kit, if you have
not already done so.
9) Run a coaxial lead from J t to the arm
terminal of K\. Leave the 2.2-pF capacitor,
Csifti connected to J i .
10) itun a coaxial lead from the retrim side
of A"i to C*Uy at the tuner input. Solder the outer
conductor to the ground portion of the receiver
circuit board, adjacent to the tuner input pin.
The coaxial lead originally connected to C m may
be useful for this purpose. It should be discon-
April 1970
V2 V3
I00<R1M-
100^
RFCS
JTYTL-
ITO^
RFCZ
0308 K2
PWR • 13V
SUPPLY 2500 ±ZC325
0311 AT
Terminals J n
tfS&ipAP
)[
preferably 150 ohms or higher resistance. If
physically small, it can Iflft Inounted in the space
seen at the lower right comer of Heathkit
photograph page 114 of the HW17A Manual*
nected from the Lis-Aot junction, in any case.
11) Hun a coaxial lead from the open ride of
Lis to the Iranmrit side of
All send-receive functions should now work
when the microphone switch is pressed. Recheck
receiver and transmitter tuning adjusUneuts in
Ihe normal manner. Your receiver should tune
more sharply, with noticeably more gain than
before. Adjust carefully optipnum aignal-to-
ndjdb ratio on weak signals, rather than, merely
riiluutmiin audio. Transmitter output may be up
a few watts, though this is nut very important.
The improved weak-signal performance of the
receiver will be. very helpful, bringing the
HW-17A up to Rpproach the sensitivity of the
better 2~meter a-m transceivers
Alternative relay systems are possible, and
may be advantageous iu that they lighten the
load on the 12-vrilt System iu the equipment.
Several types of relays having 50LX)-ohm or
higher-resistance coils can be used, with drop-
ping resistors in series with the high-voltage
line. Resistor values can be determined by
experiment, if the coil rating is not known.
SWITCH
TO SAFttY!
39
 Using the Yaesu Musen FTV 650 Six-
Meter Transverter with the S/Line
BY KATASHI NOSE,* KH6IJ

im Yaesu Musen (Japanwe) FTV <K(1 attached to the box so that thp adapter could be

T transverter enables one to get on six meters

niih umiimuin w t and effort. This traus-
verter is designed to be- used with the Yaesu F
plugged directly into the power supply and be
supported upright by the female plug. An OA2
(150-volt) regulator tube and 5UU0-nhm 10-wat.t
dmpping resistor arc also mounted on the box.
Line, but it nan be used with the Collins S/Line
without modification, other than a little filament This enables all voltages to be tapped off the
rewiring. Attractive feature* of this equipment cable without multilating either cable or equip-
are its low cost and the physical si»e of the cabi- ment.
net, which matches the rf/Liae puwerwmpply
cabinet. Voltage Requirements of the FTV 6S0
Iteferring to Fig. 3, the male pin numbers
Circuit of the FTV 650 correspond to the respective piri numbers on the
tteferring to the block diagram, Fig. l, a power supply of the S/Litte. The female pin
mixer and driver combination drive* a fiI4(5 to numbers correspond to the respective numbers on
about 5U watts. Ten-meter input is supplied from the H2H2. The control cable numbers from the
the 3283 through J is provided for this purpose. FTV are color coded and correspond to the
In the reviving position, 6(36* in if and markings supplied with the instruction manual.
mixfer (stages convert 50 to 54 Mils to 28 to IV) These are in Japanese, but with key terminology
Mlla by means uf A Local oscillator operating MTI in English.
either Vtt or ii4 MHz, selectable through a switch. The transverter inquires the following voltages;
Yacsu also makes an FET converter, if you are Pin ti.3 volte at 3.5 A; Pin 3, ISO volts at 3D
interested in transistors. mA for the receiver, oscillator, and screen of the
drivet; Pin 4t 300 voits at 50 mA for the screcn
Adapter Ping of the 614fi and plates of the mixer and driver.
The ti/Line puffer supply gives uiily 250 volte,
The Unit cornea equipped wil h plug* and rabies but no deterioration is noted. Pin 5 requires fiUO
which merely need to be plugged into the volts at 150 mA for the plates of the 6146s.
riated Vaesu units, However, tn use it with Pin 6 requires 10U volts at 20 mA negative bias.
the 3/Line, one either has to make up h separate Pin 7 is ale input, which can be connected to
power supply or tap off correct voltages from the J15 of the ;?2rtB if desired. Pin 0 is the control
H/Line power supply. Hevoral approaches were circuit and Pins 1 and 2 are filament terminals.
considered, including making up an external These voltages all exist in the K/Line power
power supply. FIowever« the simplest and cheap- supply, with th<* exception of 150 volts, which is
est method is to construct an adapter box to furnished through a OHUU-ohm 10-watt resistor
tap off the power from the S/Line supply. and an (.)A2 {150-voltJ regulator tube from the
Kef erring to .Fig, 1!, a 1 bv 2 by 3-inch Minibox 275-volt line.
WAS drilled to accept the KTV 650 cable. An 11-
pin Amphenol female plug and a male plug were Transfer Function
* Dept. of Phytic* and Astronomy, The- M&L1 25A5, The Collins scheme to disable the tinal stage
University of Hawaii, Honolulu,. Hawaii 4*6828. in the exciter is to cut off the screen supply

XMTG
MIXER DRIVER AMP

S8&30
Mix.

Ibftevr
JV'J&Mttt Fig. I— Brock diagram of the FTV 650 Traraverter*
RFAMP Though designed for use with the Yaeju equipment, it can
MIXER be lifted readily with other transceivers capable of IO-
meter operation.

40 Q S r for

OA 2
REGULATOR
TUBE FEMALE
to
328-2
TO POWER
5UPP1Y
-FROM
FTV650
Fig. 2—Plug-on adaptor for using th* FTV 650 with the
Collins 5/Une. No change* in the equipment are needed.
by removing the internally-wired jumper be-
tween aud Ji6. The Yaesu method is to
switch off the heater of the final tube. The latter
scheme was adopted because of several advan-
tages.
SfLine Modillca. tionM
The Onal tubes (V* aud V«) and driver (V7)
and Vm (VFO, 6AU6) are ail wired from one
string in the H&&. Only Kg and V* (614fis) must
be switched. Cut off the filament lead (Pin ft) to
» (6CLfi) and supply with 0.3 volts from
another source, Fj, which is nearby. Also nut,
off the filament lead to V m (VFO) at the termi-
nal anchor, and supply with 6.3 from the same
source. This means that the R2S3 will not work
with 12-voit or 2&->volt power supplies, neither
of which you are likely to una.
The transverter requires a 3-volt rms signal,
which is easily supplied through Jm 011 the rear
apron of the 3283 labeled "converter output/'
which it* intended for use with the Collins 6281.
Coupling capacitor Cm bhould be paralleled
with a 3-pl? capacitor to provide greater drive.
.Removal uf R\ n» (47 oh my) does not seem tq
make any difFerence in the drive. A larger value
of naparitancw should not be used, since it will
detune the grid circuit.
TranMT&rt*r Modification and Umm
Bias requirement, is 100 volts, supplied through
network An and VR\. With the 6U volts or so
supplied by tapping the power supply, the resting
current is about 50 mA. For longer tube life, the
resting current should be reduced to 30 or 25 mA.
To effect this, the role uf VR\ and Rt\ ahoidd
be reversed so that higher bias voltage is supplied.
However, this is not an absolute necessity.
The 50-MHat antenna can be connected to the
converter and left on. The otily manual switching
required is to hook the 7583 receiver either to the
output of the transverter or directly to the vhf
antenna* Even this operation can be eliminated
if a 1^-volt dc relay is paralleled with the FTV
April 1970
6-3 VAC
W5VAC<1
MALE
275V OC
aOOVDC
-aovoc
GROUNDS 10 -
6.3VAC 3 -i
FEMALE
75 FJV6SO
Fig. 3—Connection* for the adaptor shown In Rg, 2,
h and Js are the female and male plugs mounted on the
box. PI Is on the end of the cable that runs to the
transverter-
ttftU antenna relay, so that it is tmergi&ed when
the filaments are lighted.
The 0A2 regulator tube can be left in the line
at all time», except when shutting down six-
meter operation fur Long periods, since the drain
is well within the capabilities of the power supply.
This transverter has enabled the writer to
participate in the fiO-MHx 1)X of t.h« current
sunspot peak, with minimum cost and maximum
satisfaction, since all the excellent features of
the ft/Line are retained.
The actual conversion is much simpler than
this word description. The performance is a far
cry from the homemade mils the writer used with
a National FB7 to get down to the five-meter
band in the prewar sunspolr-cycle peakl HW*H
Back Copies and Photographs
Back copies of QHT referred to in QST
issues are available when in print from
our Circulation Department. Please send
money order or check — 75c for each copy
- - with your order; we cannot bill small
orders nor can we ship c.o»d.
Full »bse (8 by (0) glossy prints of
equipment described in QST by staff
members {only) can be furnished at $1.50
each. Please indicate the Q8T issue, page
number, and other necessary identification
when ordering, and Include full remit-
tance with your order — we do not bill
nor ship c.o.d.
Sorry, but no reprints of individual QST
articles are available, nor are templates
available unless specifically mentioned in
the article.
41
Tuning Indicators
for the
Linear Amplifier
BY DOUGLAS A. BLAKESLEE.* OT1KLK
xsmsQ and loading a linear iunplifier by
T ''dip and load/ 1 watching the plate current,
often an unsatisfactory procedure. Maxi-
mum output may not occur at the plate-current
dip, or the loading may often be heavy enough so
that the dip in plate current will be too hmad-
tuning to permit determining the minimum-
current point. Also, many linear amplifier* will
not stand conlimwus key-down operation while
their operators search fur the best tuning and
loading points.
While laying out a new IMOOIIZ amplifier for
the 1070 Handbook, the author decided to include
a tuning indicator that w^^ld allow optimum
operating nonditinns b* rpached quickly — a
nit!a feature to have during multihand rainiest
operation.
It is possible to check amplifier tuning condi-
tions in several ways. Automatically-tuned com-
mercial linear amplifiers often use an rf phas&*
detector rircuit which indicates the proper j lining
point and provides an error signal, whfpp when
amplified, drives the autotune circuits,1 Since
uff-resnn&nce tuning of the plate rircuit alters
the phase of the rf plate current, a pha»e-
metering circuit similar to the one *howu» in
Fig. 1A can be u«ed to aid in adjusting the uut-
puL network. In Ihis rimrit a toroid coil is lifted
as a transformer! with one of (he grid tank
leads passing through the core in a mariner
* Assistant Technical Editor, (ftfTV
f chanically than the phase-metering circuit, but
Happen hi*. Knien* nndfcjchoftnike,tfiwirfe"wideband
Principle* and Circuits* pp. fjUcGraw-ltiJl Book
Company, New York).
EXCEPT At INDICATED, DECIMAL
VALUES OF CAPACITANCE ARC.
M IUCROFARUB { JlF 1» OTHERS
AftC W PKOWAOI IfP OR jtfFi;
RSSOTAHCES ARE IK OHMS;
ft'1000.
ZntH
42
similar to that used in the construction of rf
power meters.1 The amplitude of the voltages
produced across the two luw-vaJue resistors,
/•'a and /ft, is essentially independent of frequency.
/The upper frequency limit of the pick-up mil
is determined by the cure material.) These
voltages are plus and minus Q0 degrees out of
phase with the driving grid voltage. A small
wmple of the rf plate voltage is taken off through
a capacitive divider, t'i and and applied to
the junction of tf* and /fa in the detector rircuit.
The ratio of division provided by C\ and Cj is
chosen to give approximately the same voltage
n* obtained from the grid tank. When the plate
circuit is at resonance and providing a resistive
load to the amplifier tube, the outputs of the
two detectors will be equal, resulting in a tero
rending on the meter. Going off resonance in
either direction will produce unbalanced outputs,
deflecting the meter one way or the other, de-
pending on which side of resonance the tank cir-
cuit is tuned to.
To tune up, it is only necessary to adjust the
tank circuit for a zero ou the meter. This may
be done at lew than full input; reducing the
drive to the amplifier simply reduces the meter
sensitivity—the xnro point remains the same.
Another way of providing sensitive indication
of tuning adjustments is to use the "tuning-
loading" or M input-output" detector circuit
shown in Fig. I b i s method is simpler me-
WJeMaw, "In-linVRY \\atUneters." nber.
fig. 1—(A) Phasa-motoring
circuit for a linear amplifier,
ft] is a linear composition con-
trol. 7"i, a toroidal trans-
former, is 50 turns of No. 30
onamej wire on a cor* that
is good at least to 30 MHz,
500 with a single load passed
through th* cor* to form tho
primary. As, Rx, C\9 and Cs
ar«* noted for text reference.
(B) Tti* loading
2 mH Hi Is a linear
control*
QST for
 OUTWR
3-TOOOZ

RF Fig. 2—The tuning-loading Indica-

IN
tor. Ci f a modified JFD V O - 4 G
% x glass trimmer, » discussed in the
text. C2 is a ceramic trimmer and
Ri, a Unear composition control.

50-0-50

MCCtf AS INDICATED, DECIMAL VALU&S OF any linear amplifier, the ratio of rf voltages on
CAPACriANCE ARC IH MICROFARADS t jiF I J the grid and plate is constant. By sampling
OTKEflS ARE IN PICOFARADS I pF Oft JjJiFJ;
RESISTANCES ARE M OKUS; k< lOOfr. both voltages and feeding them to a meter which
can bo net to sero at tfio proper ratio of input to
it lark* the advantage of tune-up at reduced output voltage* the best loading condition in
input. This circuit was chosen for the Handbook indicated by a zero reading on the meter, re-
linear. gardless of the drive level.
This hype "f indicator samples and rectifies Obviously, both the tuning-loading and load-
the rf voltages present in the cathode utid plate ing indicators are only as good as the initial
circuits. These voltages are fed ti> a zom-renter aero adjust meats, so these should tw made care-
meter. When the optimum operating condition fully using a good dummy load* a monitor scope,
of the tube has been established, the meter cir- and a spectrum analyzer, if available. Any one
cuit is adjusted by meant* of IU for a zero rending. of the three circuits is a good tune-up aid and
Any other setting of the amplifier* tuning and insures lhat your amplifier is doing the best job
loading controls will move the muter off zero. that it is capable of. WS^—|
The only problem in building a practical
tuning-Loading indicator is capacitor (7\ which Clamping Diodes for CW Break-In
is a very low value that must be stable under rf
current. It must also have high-voltage insular
tion, as it in connected directly to the amplifier** audio-signal level in desired, series-connected
plate circuit. We modified a commercial glass diode» ur Zener diodes may be used. This will
trimmer by removing the piston assembly and permit phone reception without distortion.
soldering wire leads to either cud. The modified Nearly any of the small highspeed switching
unit measured 0.25 pF and is rated at 5UUU volts. diodes should work. They do add shunting
Other possible approaches would tie to use a capacity to the iuued circuits however, and
short piece of coax or two *mall plates with these should be repeated. The author has used
ceramic or air insulation to form this capacitor. lNfift4, and IN457 diodes with guud results on
The other half of the plate oapacitive divider frequencies as high as 21 MHz, and no particular
is a 500-pF feed thro ugh which works out well problems were encountered. Perhaps some of the
mechanically, as the lead must be brought more expensive low noiae, low capacitance diodes
tlirough the chassis. would be a better choice fur tho diodes used in
Adjusting the indicator is a simple procedure, the front end, such as LNU14*.
but it can be darigerotis if pmper safety precau- A word of caution should be added concerning
tions are not taken. You have to make measure- crow modulation as a result of adding the diodes
ments and adjustments on the amplifier while it. to the receiver. Strong broadcast stations and
is running full tilt! The amplifier should he tuned »trong local signals may be a problem. The Ihing
up to its normal PKP operating level into a to keep in mind is that the diodes should do
f>0-ohm dummy loacL A dc voltmeter should be nothing to Ihe receiver with ordinary receiving
connected to TPj and the voltage at l-his {joint i.'onditions. Clipping should occur only during the
noted. It will typically be about 1,5 volts. The time the transmitter is keyed. It may be necessary
meter should be changed to I'Ps and C2 adjusted to put more diodes in aeries, ur use Zener diodes
for i.5 volta. Note bhat the polarity will be the to increase the clipping level. A good high-pass
opposite of that found on TP\. The amplifier filter should help with the broadcast station
should be l-echecked to insure that it is operating interference.
in the most-linear manner, or at legist at maximum The author's present receiver is an all-solid-
output. Then control I{\ is adjusted for a aero state home-brow job with an audio-derived avc
meter reading at t-his optimum operating condi- system. A tube-type T-It switch is used in the
tion. The metering circuit is a help to return antenna circuit similar io the one described in
to this optimum point' quickly. the ARltL HawUtook. The transmitter runs 400
There is a variation of the tuning-loading watte input. With the treatment described, full
indicator that will give only an indication of the break-in operation is possible with any signal
loading. It will work at reduced drive levels. that is a reasonable amount above the noise
This loading indicator is shown in Fig. IB. For level lure—I

April 1970 43
 Hints <"« Kinks
For the Experimente
DESIGN OF P R I N T E D - d R C U I T COILS
U£ fabrication uf printed-rircuit component
Tresults ill essentially fixed device character-
istics. Considerable variation in the inductance
value uf coils occurs am a result of £paciug,
plating thickness, and the physical relationship
uf the component placement and the Location
of the circuit ground plane. The lixed printed
coil must be trimmed in order to obtain the
desired inductance value.
One solution to this* problem is shown irt
Kir. 1, A spiral-like coil is printed with several
extra turns which increase the realizable i<oil
inductance; shorting connections are also in-
cluded to reduce the inductance, The shorting
connection* not only short the extra turns, but
also short out swvwrnl turns of the jnaiu body*
Coil tuning is accomplished with relative ea.se
by removing the *horts until the desired induc-
tance ini obtained.
Approximate priiiied-coil lengths and fabri-
cation characteristics are obtained by calculation
from circuit models or experimental lyKletermincd
design curves. After the approximate coil dimen-
tfiow are obtained, the priritectcuil layout in
constructed with the several extra turns and
aborting bars. iijhorting connections are then
removed from the coil until the exact value of
inductance ts obtained. This procedure calibrates
the layout and subsequent photoetching process.
Once the exact cull geometry is obtained, the
designer has several options. If there art* a Limited
number of active devices in the circuit, the
existing printed^circuit art work may be modified
by removing the appropriate aborting connec-
tions. On the other baud, if the circuit contains
a large number of native devices, individual
coils may be trimmed to account for differences
in active device characteristics. The former ap-
proach was Ubed in a phased-array receiver.
Nineteen coils of values from 0.05 to 0.1 pH
fig. 1—An example of a printed-drcuit coiL A predse
value of inductance can be obtained by removing an
appropriate number of shorts.
44
were used in a variety of circuits such as delay
lines, hybrids and amplifiers. For the larger
coils atolerant1**uf plus-or-minus ii percent was
obtained, and a tolerance of plus-or-minus I
percent w;is obtained for the smaller coils. The
vwl per coil was very competitive with com-
mercially available fixed or tuned devices. In
addition, Hie other advantages of the printed
wiring approarh were obtained at marginal
<sost(— NASA Tech HrUf tiU-MMff
WIRING COAXIAL PLUGS
Many hams tind it difficult to make neat
mnmsptions when soldering coax braid to
the inner shell of a coaxial iitting. One solution
to this problem is shown in Fig. 2. The soldering
tip in removed from a uddering gun which, as
tshown in the drawing, is held tightly against
thefrhellof the waxial fitting, which, in e^nce,
replaces the soldering tip. The fitting becomes
uniformly hot and iuelts the holder rapidly.
Pig. 2— By uiing a soldering gun as shown, a neat and uni-
form connection can be made between ooax braid and the
inner shell of a coaxial fitting.
Paste solder, which is obtainable from most
hardware stores, works quite well and is non-
corrosive. Prior to soldering the coax braid to
the connector shell, solder the center conductor
of the '.fax to the tip of the plug and place the
plug tip in a bench vise So that the fitting will
not move while it is being worked on.
liemnvtng old coaxial cable from fittings via
this healing method Is simple u«d expedient.
This same procedure works exceptionally well
when soldering copper tubing httings such as
butt joints and elbows. With this method,
joints can be soldered in place without the fire
haunt of a torch or the inconvenience of han-
dling or purchasing a heavy-duty soldering
iron. As with coax removal, copper joints can
he unsoldered easily and quickly* — Charles
Hudson, W9SCD
QST for

Fig. 3—An assembled adaptor for coax to a tingle wire
Is shown on the right. The three parts on the left are used
to build the adaptor,
SIMPLE ADAPTOR FOR COAX TO
SINGLE WIRE
It? is sometimes convenient And necessary to
adapt a coaxial connector to one that will
accommodate a ftingle wire, thus preventing
makeshift connections from coming apart or
shorting out while the equipment, i* being iisevL
AH shown in Jfig. an inexpensive adaptor can
he built by installing an E. F. Johnson type
111-1 binding port, <30 centa) in » PTi-250
coaxial connector. The shoulder of the Johnson
binding pnnt should be filed or ground down
no that it fit* snugly into the threaded section
of the main body of the PL-it59. Tho fit should be
tight enough to permit the binding post to be
screwed into the coaxial fitting at least two or
threw turns). This will anchor the two components
tightly together If additional security is de-
aired, a few drops of npuxy cement can be
placed on the shoulder of the binding pout before
it J& screwed into the PIj-ilSQ. A single piece of
insulated hookup wire is u&ed to connect the
tip of the binding post to the center pin uf the
coaxial plug.
The Johnson J11-1 fitting will handle 8CKR1
volte dc, and can cany tip to In amperes of
curent. — WW tilt
OPERATING 12-VOLT EQUIPMENT
FROM THE CAR BATTERY
S u m e manufactured amateur radio equipment
tn designed for n]>eration at 12 raits dc,
m&rimuvu At operating voltages higher than 12
vol to, damage oan occur to some of the com-
ponents, efipeciftJly Uie transistors and IO&. and
circuit performance can be degraded signifi-
cantly,
Since most fully-charged automobile batteries
provide something in excess of 12 volts — usually
13 volts or more — some means uhould be em-
ployed to lower the potential to 12 volta, thus
protecting the equipment from possible damage.
A case in point is the popular Motorola P33BAM
fm transceiver, whose driver tubes will exhibit-
very short life if their filaments are operated at
more than 12 volts for a period of time.
Recent tests with a commerdally-built solid-
statc cw transceiver showed that severe chirp
April 1970
resulted when the unit was operated (VFO
activated) at any voltage higher than 12 volta*
The circuit of Fig. 4 shows a simple way to lower
the operating voltage by taking advantage of the
forward voltage drops of one or more silicon
diodes. Usually the voltage drop is between 0.4
to 0.7 volt per diode. The more diodes used, the
greater the voltage drop across the series string.
The diode current rating is chosen according to
the total current drain of the equipment: the
diude» should be rated at. twice the current taken
by the equipment, ur greater, to provide a margin
of safety for the diodes. Diodes with a 50-PLtV
rating are tine for tliis application.
The diodes offer an added benefit — protection
against circuit damage should the supply leads
mistakenly become reversed 1 — WtCEH
a
a-voLr w w w »»I5J-VQLT
X
EQUIPMENT
Fig. 4—'Equipment that Is designed to be operated at a
maximum of 12 volts dc can be safely operated from
a fully-charged car battery (13 volts or more), if a
suitable number of diodes it connected as shown. See the
text for diode specifications*
TOWER PROBLEM
TlTT irummercial crank-up tower has rather
1VX crude guides. Surprisingly, it goes up «nmly*
<tett.ing the tower down in the problem. The
tower Mictions usually stick aeverul timed while
the tower is being lowered, and someone usually
gets hurt before we get the tower down.
The manufacturer suggested that the guides
be lubricated. We tried thin measure, but it was
of no help. The hut time we hucceeded in lowering
the tower and the usual injury occurred, the
solution name to mind.
The foroc of gravity is depended 011 to lower
the upper tower section. Ifividently, sometimes
the friction between tower sections is greater
than the force of gravity. To supplement the
force of gravity on the upper Section, which is
normally out of reach from the ground, 1 tied a
light line to the top of the upper section while the
tower was down. When the tower was raised,
I 1fit the ropo harig down alongside the structure.
Now, when we attempt to lower the tower and
it btickn, a light tug on the line by an assistant
helps to get the lower down with the greatest
of ease- — Samuel Ansel, WHuMOl
A SOURCE OF TOROZD CORES
toroid cores are useful in all sorts o f
S m a l l
*4olid-sta1e projects, but they are not easy
In get 011 bliort notice, as local radio stores don't
stock them. If you have any of the AIIC-5
Command transmitters around, you have a
reuily supply. The cylindrical slug in the tank
coil can be cut with a fine-tooth saw to produce
several toroidk — .4, de 1timet, QNJfiC
45
 Further investigation of inverted^V radiation patterns, extending the author's
earlier work reported in QST some five years ago. A n improved
approach leads to results that are confirmed by measurements on a
antenna range.
Radiation Patterns of V Dipoles
Over Perfect Ground
B Y DALE W. COVINGTON*
r id very tempting when stringing up *ime
form of half-wave dtpole to contemplate the
IttHt antenna orientation for certain favored
broadside directions. Of course the mental picture
here is the familiar figure pattern of the isolated
dipole, A mild surprise arises when the antenna
perforins well off I he ends where the nulls should
be. Actually most dipoles in the lower part of
the hf region are located within nmaU fractions
of a wavelength from a conducting ground plane.
Consequently bvme mollification of the isolated
antenna pattern i* inevitablp. The following note
iie»rribeft the radiation patterns for various
V-tihaped dipoles erected over a perfectly
conducting ground.
The veriical-plane patterns for horizontal
dipoles at. various heights above ground have
been well documented.1 Frequently the available
* SKI Vance Circletf.KUMarietta, Q*. SOUtfO.
1 A.tiM.b* AnUnna Bqqk
46
mathematical
professional
K4GSX
spare and supports will dictate a physical dipole
which resembles a V in either the inverted or
erect form. The latter case might correspond to a
xajeging antenna. Previous analysis of the vertical
plane patterns of the inverted V over ground*
borrowed the mathematical procedure used to
compute the horizontal dipole pattern* Specifi-
cally, the isolated antenna pattern was multiplied
by a height factor for point sources located at the
apex of the V aud its image. The name procedure
was used to obtain the vertical-plane patterns
Lif horizontal Vm3 Both of these approaches juust
be considered to be rough approximations, since
there is no assurance that the phase center
retnaiuK at the renter iusulator; as the antenna
lege* are bent rntn the V shape. An alternate
mathematical model conveniently resolves this
theoretical dilemma.
* Covixutton, QST, Hay 1A66, "
3 Well* J. /W. tile*. VnQr4.f 91 ft ill, 18* UU44).
4 Kraut, Antenna*, McUraw Hill, New York, 67 <19601,
052* for
Fig. 2—Vertical-plane E-fieM pattern broadside to and off the end of V antennas as a function of center height above
ground. The axes labels define the corresponding planes. Patterns are calculated for the same peak current fa all cases;
they are useful for comparison of pattern shapes but do not purport to show relative gains of the three patterns. The
following One code is followed in each figures
Sofidi 90° V (inverted V) Dotted* 180° V (horizontal dipole) DoNdasht 270° (erect V)

Mathematical Approach hy a finely-divided series of correctly-weighted

Certain mathematical simplifications of the
unlimited number of possible antenna configura-
tion* are in order- They include a perfect ground
piane thai van be removed by itsing an image
antenna, sinusoidal current* flowing nn a thin
J-fc-wave antenna and if* image, and no feed-line
effect*. Also, only (he far-field pattern* of anten-
nae symmetrically arranged in a plane normal
to the earth are considered. Finally, R is assumed
that the field from a continuous wire antenna
can be described as the cumulativefieldradiated
current elements*
Fig. 1 shows the inverted-V form of the model
incorporating the above assumptions. The angle
delta defines the separation angle between the
antenna legs. A delta smaller than 180 degrees
denotes an inverted-V form of antenna. Com-
puter calculations consisted of summing the
E fields from 36 current elements representing
the antenna and ita image. The program allowed
5 RamotetuiWhirmnry, Field* and Waves in Mortfirn Radio,
2nd a l , John Wiley and Son*, New York, £05 UU64J.

April 1970 47
 H» .5*

v ^ ' r

v \ v r r

iaviA'OV''
SSk^m
M—

Fig. 3—Azimuthal E-field patterns for angles of elevation of 9,15,30, and 50 degree* where H is 0,25 and 0-5 wave-
length above ground. Antenna legs are denoted by arrows. Patterns should be used to compare pattern shape*'not
relative gains/ see Fig. 2. The same line code for Fig. 2 applies above.

delta and //, the center iiuml&tar height above off-erifi planed respectively. In additiop>
ground, to vary in value. At each H and delta asimnthal plots were calculated for angles uf
the far-field patterns were found for the two elevation measured upward from the XZ plane
vertical planes YZ and XY — the broadside at id of 9, 15, 30, and 50 degrees

48 Q S r for
 BROADSIDE, HaSA
Fig. 4—Vertical-plane experimental data for horizontal and 90° V antennas with center height Vi wavelength above
ground. Circlet denote the horizontal results while the V results are given by triangles. Measurements were normalized
to the theoretical patterns for shape comparison only. The theoretical curves for both cases are taken directly from Fig. 2,
i
Vertical Plane Patterns
Fig. 2 summarizes the computed £-ficld
radiation results in the vertical planed broadside
and off the ends of »V antenna* located 0.25,
0.375, and 0J> wavelength from ground. Just
pattern* for deltas of 90, ltt), and 270 degrees
are portrayed for simplicity. A useful estimate of
patterns for delta* of 120° and 240° can be formed
by connecting field points that lie halfway be-
tween the patterns for 90° and 180° and 1HU° and
270°. On f his basis it may be concluded that, a
slight droop or sag for an almost-horizontal
dipole will have negligible effect on the original
horizontal dipole patterns. Major pattern
change* owur for decidedly V-shaped antennae.
I t its evident from the broadside pattern a (if
Fig. 2 that adjusting delta is rather like a change
in the height of the antenna, although there in no
large steering < »f the vertical-plane beam ah
delta varies for Vg-wave dipoles. When delta \h
smaller than 180 degrees, the inverted V reset n-
blep &,homontal antenna at a lower height. The
reverse is true for an ercct V.
To a limited extent the same remarks are valid
off the ends of th« V» However, there are some
novel low-angle effects. For example, at a height
of 14 wavelength, the 90° V is not equalled by the
horizontal dipole until the elevation angle reaches
approximately 32°. The low-angle null that
develops for the '270° V suggests a p«>»r I)X
performance in this plane.
Another surprise of the XT plane wus that the
pattern for a given delta always originated at
the same point on the X axis regardless of (lie
antenna height. This is a mathematical result
of the far-field assumption. For a fixed delta
there is no change in Ihe phase distance hfttwet-n
a far-field observation point on the A.' axis and
the various radiator points moving in perpendicu-
lar If displacements in the Y direction. On the
other hand, the phase difference between a
radiator point and an observation point on the
Y axis is directly influenced by different H
magnitudes.
Amimuthal Patterns
The XY and YZ plane patterns hhown in Fig. 2
are but slices from the total three-dimensional
radiation pattern. A better appreciation of the
transition from one plane to anyt her ia contained
in i aarimuthai patterns plotted for constant
April 1970
OFF^NO f
• •
angles of elevation. Such patterns for a horizontal
dipole and a 90-dcgree V at heights of 0,25 and
0.5 wavelength are presented in Fig. 3. While
both antennas exhibit omnidirectional character-
istic at the higher elevation angles, the V fends
rii preserve this characteristic for low radiation
angles. Kven at the lower height t h e E field off
the end in only about one 8 unit stronger than the
tield broadside. The horissontul dipole shows more
directivity at (ow angles. Fields broadside are
roughly 'A 8 units stronger than off Ihe end. In
both cases an increase in height causes a decrease
in high-angle radiation.
Additional Pattern Observations
Home observations at this point are necessary
for completeness. The patterns show the angular
multiplying factor of the radiated E field. It is
possible to compare the total fields radiated
from two antennas having the same input power
but different delta and ff. values. The approach
is to multiply the respective angular factors by
the invprse bquaru root of the radiation resistance,
which also has a delta and ff dependence."
Actual ground is not .perfect,, and thus the
patterns of an antenna over real earth will show
little radiation at. the extreme low angles of
elevation, 1 This effect is especially severe for
vertical polarization in the higher part of the
hf bands. Over poor ground at 20 meters, there-
fore, part of that nice \)K gain in the A' 1' plane
of a ttU-degreo V will actually be illusory. (Jener-
ally speiiking, however, the patterns should
give a reasonable picture of the radiation from a
real antenna*
Finally, a comparison of tlie overall perfor-
mance of V dipoles should recognize that the
field strength of Mortals propagating via iono-
spheric paths is affected by both the vertical
radiation angle and the polarization, First con-
sider the radiation angle. As the frequency goes
up the elevation angle useful for communication
goes down. Furthermore, experimental data
suggest that on the average the be&t UX result*
will be obtained with the antenna that has the
lowest radiation angle. An exception arises for
certain seasons of minimum sfMradic E, J >aytime
J.J-Y propagation by the layer could then be
described by a large number of Ft hops, and low
radiation angle antennas would become inferior
eCoviiucton, QSTt October IW68.
49
to antennas exciting higher-angle modes.7
Antenna polarization is the *ecuiul important
factor. Calculation for sinfcle-hop waves show
that only on bhort range path* in region* where
the Earth's magnetic Held lines are nearly vertical
does the selection of the best, receiver-transmitter
antenna polarization become arbitrary. There
will generally be an optimum polarization choice
for any given path range, latitude region, time
of operation, and direction of propagation.8
M+cumred Pattern*
Home confirmation of the general features of
the mathematical model was desired, Unfor-
tunately, with the exception of the early qualita-
tive analyses, little experimental work appears
to have been published on the radiation patterns
of V>* over ground. Therefore a model antenna
was designed for use uii a microwave antenna
test range nimiiar to one described by Wallinjt-
ford,u X-band horizontal and Vif V dipole* wei-e
constructed, and the center of each antenna wa»
positioned wavelength above ground, The
brass image planes had diameters of 13_# wave-
lengths. The receiving antenna was a horn
located 15 wavelengths from the noordinate
origin of the model transmitting antenna.
The experimentally-measured E field as the
horn traversed the broadside and off-end vertical
planes is plotted m Fig. 4* The theoretical curves
in the figure are taken directly from Fig.
I t can be seen that the horizontal dipole data
points agree fairly closely with the predicted
patterns. Part uf the mode structure super-
imposed on the maiu beam of all the measured
patterns is believed to result from the large but
finite brass image planes.10 Finite planes also
lead to anomalous results along the X and Y
axes. The broadside 90° V data do show an
increase in Iiigh-angle radiation. For both an-
tennas radiation in the X Y plane was somewhat
stronger than expected. Considerable structure
is present off the end of the <JU° V but the experi-
mental points conform to the shape of the
theoretical curve, i t is interesting to note that
the V model indeed exhibited better low-angle
radiation off the ends than observed for the
horizontal dipole.
contacts if polarisation effects are neglected. On
bauds where must of the contacts will be made
by low-angle radiation, then best performance of
tiie horizontal dipole and erect V should be
obtained broadside to the antenna. The inverted
V in more omnidirectional at all uaefid elevation
angles, and thus it performs well as a contest
antenna, especially on the lower frequency
bauds.u
The author appreciates the ftinperatfon of
Kd Joy and 8cieutific Atlanta in providing the
opportunity to make the microwave measure-
ments uu their antenna test range. jLLS
I would like to get In touch with . • *
. . « a rail letter license plate collector who would
like Wyoming plates. W7KF,
. . . -hams or would-be hams needing help solving
tlu-ir technical premiums. YVBWADF.
- . . ilnctors, nurses or missionaries in remote
areas who would like to have mrdical consultations
by radio, WRSNIN.
> . . Kastcrn U.S. aiuateurv intcrcstpd in joining
an tMtahliqbcd Novicc training net on WJ metcnu
lYA3J8l.r/ 1, 200 Washington M., Middletown,
Connecticut U04A7.
x . . mryrmt! interested in a 450-MHa fm repeater
in the C.'hioaKo urea. V\ AUKXP.
. . . amateurs having information on the avail-
ability of Taylor T-40 tube*, W6BTL.
. . • someone interested in donating a Connecticut
call letter liccnm? plate for eventual pmieutation
tn the Fort Harteuif museum. KtfKIO.
, . . Uanuof Maltese ancestry, YK3UNM.
amateurs who will be In lorael this
summer. WASlfDQ.

ConcluMion*
The variations in the vertical plane and
miimithal A? Held patterns for a general class of
V antennas have been examined as a function of V
angle and center height above perfect ground.
The conventional horizontal *£~wave resonant
dipole is a special member of this V classification,
Generally speaking, as the antenna elements
approach ground more radiation occurs at higher
elevation angles. However, in suinc cases impor- Recently W2VX was in contact with teacher* at the Park-
tant Low-angle effects are observed off the ends of view School, Westville, N. J. who were presenting a ynlt
a V form, Orientation of the general V antenna is on communications to 5th and 6th grades. As shown
not particularly important for high-angle local above, Charlie helped out by inviting the students in
groups to visit his amateur station for a demonstration of
* l/tlaut. Journal offottean-hof X&S, IS? ([tfflji. ham radio. It worked out so well that now about 124
b Bradley, Prot. IEL\ 116, 777 OMR).
students have seen W2VX In operation. Charlie suggests
* WftlHn«forci> IE FX Trvi n*. m fA/nmrisA, 37 i JUttf).
111 Stom4 J% Applt i'kipt.t A*. RSM (IUA2). that other retired hams might enjoy demonstrating ama-
•l kichman, QXT. Ot»ber p. 57. teur radio for schools in their area*, too. (W2QGZ photo.)

50 QST for
 [Recent Equipment
A c q u a i n t y o u w i t h , t h e technical, f e a t u r e s o f c u r r e n t a m a b e u ^ g g d t t s
ORD DK-1 Digital Keyer
'E'VERY once in a while a new piece of amateur
•"equipment h introduced that seeins to be an
excellent balance between operating features*
electrical design, mechanical construction, and
cost The ORD DK-1 electronic keyer is such an
item* Manufactured by ORD, Inc. of Fort Worth,
Texas, the all solicMate keyer will send perfect
code with iuput from an only nearly-perfect
operator. The keying can be entered in several
different ways, depending on how an individual
operator want* to send code. An external paddle i*
required, as no keys are supplied with the DK-1.
The paddle must have independent dot and dash
levers if the "squeeze" keying technique Is going to
be used.
The ORD keyer is a sophisticated machine, and
it does a number of things that were practically
impossible in a commercial unit, until low-cost
Top view of the ORD kayer. The clock-relay board
is closest to the front panel, followed by the two
logic boards. The pins extending from the boards
are test points.
April 1970
digital integrated circuits were introduced It can
be operated with a straight key for manual
operation (a useful feature if another ham comes
for a visit, or if you have a Novice in the family).
Or, you can use the keyer in the normal manner to
produce one or more dots or dashes with a touch
on the appropriate paddle. A free-running clock,
which ts set with the panel SPEED control and
SLOW-FAST switch to produce any desired keying
rate between 7 and 60 wpm,is used. The clock and
code generator establish a fixed ratio of 1 to 3
between dots and dashes, plus timing a space after
each code element. The clock will continue to time
the spaces when neither paddle is depressed, and a
new element can only start at the end of a single
space, or at some multiple thereof. Thus the
operator is electronically encouraged and helped to
get his spacing, as well as the elements, timed
correctly.
The DK-I also contain a a dot memory, dash
memory, and interchange logic which allow the
squeeze-keying method to be used. (Interchange
logic is a fancy name for circuitry which will allow
both dot and dash paddles to be depressed
simultaneously, sending the character originated by
the last-pressed key, The unit can differentiate
between closures of 50 nanoseconds or less.)
Squeeze keying can significantly reduce hand
motion when sending high-speed cw,1 A* an
example, if both paddles are pressed, the dot
paddle just slightly before the dash, the keyer will
form a dot, a single space, a dash^and a second
single space - a perfectly-timed letter, A, formed
with a single hand motion. With the exception of
the letter C, all letters and numerals can be
generated with a single press and release (in proper
order, of course) on the paddle keys. The action of
the interchange logic and memories can best be
demonstrated In a simple test. The keyer is set at
about 30 wpm, and the dash lever is held down to
produce a continuous string of dots. Then the dot
(ever is hit momentarily. A single dot, followed by
a single space., will be inserted into the string of
dashes.
lAn upcoming QST article by W2IMU will
discuss the amount of hand motion required for
different types of keying.
 O+SV

£ « C t P T A * "NOlCATtP, P t t l U A I . V f t L U t > UK
C A P A C i t A N C E A f t t I N MICROFAftAOt i jiF I „
u ) H t H * A AC IN PICOFARADS I i f Oft jijFV,
HtSlftVANCE5 ARE H O H M S ,
Fig. 1 - Clock in the DK-1.
f r i i h ) 0 , M n O O C OOO.
^

MONITOR

o TO
TRAHSJklfTTUI

E*CI>T INDICATED, DECIMAL

VALUIS or CAPACITAKCC ARC
H MKHOFAfUDS ( pfl * O T K C H S
a r e j h p i c o f a r a d s (pp o r mjifi;
KESBTAHCEt AIE tH OKMV*,
H«I0604AI-1000000
Fig. 2 — Transmitter keying and audio monitor.

Circuits
TABLE I The heart of the keyer is its dock - sometimes
called a time-base generator. Pig. 1 shows the ORD
Volts mA VA Capac. Res. clock, which is different from other popular keycr
100 50 5 .00022 820 circuits in that a unijunction transistor, Q2* and its
LOO 100 10 .001 330 associated RC network set the pulse repetition
100 500 50 .022 27 rate. Ql is a constant-current source establishing a
100 1000 100 .1 10 steady recharge for the .22-uF timing capacitor.
250 50 12.5 .00022 680 The rate of recharging is determined by 56,000-
250 100 25 .001 330 and 180,000-ohm resistors which a n selected by
250 400 100 .015 68 the SLOW-PAST switch, Sj and the setting of
500 50 25 .0022 1200 the speed control. When the charge on capacitor
500 100 50 .001 560 builds up to the breakdown voltage of the UJT
500 200 100 .004 270 (unijunction transistor), the capacitor will dis-
Resistor and capacitor combinations to be charge through the Q2 emitter-base junction,
connected in parallel across the relay con- producing a 2-volt pulse at the test point.
tacts for spark supresslon. R-C combina- The timing . pulse is fed to , monostable
tions axe chosen to fit the voltatfe and cur- multivibrators Q6-Q? and QS-Q4* The output of
rent to be keyed.
Q6.Q7 is a 10 millisecond pulse for each input

52 QST for
trigger from the UJT. Q j and Q4 produce a
20-miIIisccund pulse which Q.5 shortens to an
output pulse length of 10 milliseconds. These two
pulses, plus a third that is produced in the clock
logic (the difference between the two clock pulses
which is used to clear the memories) are the basic
drive for the keyer.
There are fifty-five logic elements (17 tC
packages) that make up the code generator,
memories, sequence control, and interchange logic.
The use of the digital logic in electronic keying has
been extensively covered recently, so it will not be
repeated here.
The output of the final logic element drives the
keying relay, a mecury-wetted reed type. The use
of a relay, rather than direct transistor keying,
insures that the keyer can he used with virtually
any transmitter. The relay is rated for operation up
to 500 volts, and it will switch up to two amperes.
The maximum contact load is 100 volt-amperes.
The double-throw contact arrangement allows
muting of a receiver, and provides for keying the
transmitter.
To protect the relay an RC spark suppressor
circuit should be used across the contacts, if this
can be done without affecting the keyed
wavenhape uf the transmitter. This important
point, often overlooked by amateurs, should be
followed or there is likely to be premature failure
of the keying relays. A chart from the ORD
instruction manual is reproduced in Table 1. It
gives the correct suppressor component value for
different voltage-current combinations.
Transistor Q9 keys the relay on and off, while
QlO, following Q9 keys the monitor oscillator. Sec
20pa1, "Micro-TO," QST. August, 1967.
3VanCleef> "tCKEY - An Integrated-Circuit
Electronic Keyer," QST% November, 1968.
4jahn, "Mterocircuit Electronic Key/' QSfI\
September, 1969,
Side view showing the "wireless" construction
used. One large board provides all interconnections
and also contains the power supply. The transistor
with the heat sink is the regulator in the power
supply.
April 1970
ORD DK-1 Keyer
Height: 3 7/16 inches.
Width: 5 inches.
Depth: 6 3/8 inches.
Weight: 2 1/4 pounds.
Power Requirements: 115 volts ac, i l 0 percent.
Price Calss: $130
Manufacturer: ORD, Inc., 3201 Handley Eder-
ville Rd.? Fort Worth, Texas 76118
Ffg. 2. Qff provides a separate input for the
manual key, and a TUNE position through Sj for
continuous key-down, a position used while tuning
and adjusting a transmitter. The monitor circuit is
of interest because it is capable of generating an
excellent note, unlike the "squeakers" found on
some ham kcyers. Q8> a phase-shift oscillator,
produces sine wave output at a frequency of about
800 Hr. This signal is amplified by a PA-237 GF
integrated circuit. Volume is controlled by R5, the
MONITOR gain. A 2ft-inch Quam speaker
completes the monitor. The use of a good speaker
insures a pleasant tone and sufficient volume.
Assembly
If you're off on a DXpedition, the DK-1 would
be a good keyer to take along. By any measure it is
1d rugged unit built with a care and precision not
often found in amateur equipment. Four double
-sided glass epoxy circuit boards are used: two for
the logic elements, one for the clock and monitor,
and one in the power supply. The logic and clock
boards mount on to the power supply board,
interconnections being made by this board. There
are only two interconnecting wires in the unit -
the two that go to the monitor speaker. The three
standing boards are supported at both top edges by
spacers that run from the front to the hack panels.
This prevents physical shock from damaging or
loosening the boards.
All small discrete components are mounted on
the boards, including the switch and controls* The
power transformer and speaker are mounted
separately on a metal plate next to the rear panel.
Test points are sprinkled throughout. Although,
with a mean-time-between failure rating that a unit
like this must have, it is doubtful that they would
ever be needed. The keying relay, often a weak
sister, is rated for one billion operations if used as
specified in the instruction manual. Should trouble
ever develop, the manual has a good trouble-shoot-
ing guide, and factory service is available.
The keyer, as tested, meets all manufacturer's
specifications. It is capable of sending excellent
code - the objective with any keyer. It takes more
than a few hours to learn squeeze keying, but while
you are studying you can use the keycr in the
regular manner and learn the squeeze technique as
you go -along. A keyer like the ORD DK-1 will
make a worthwhile addition to any cw operator's
shack. - W1KLK
53
 NOISE FIGURE
VERSUS TRANSMISSION LINE LOSS

, J e c h n i c a f l ^ Technical Editor, Q$T;

Most amateurs operating on the vhf and uhf
bands are very conscious of the noise figures of
Correspondence their preamplifiers, but many seem to be oblivious
of the fact that when the optimum noise figure is
obtained there is a substantial impedance mismatch
at the input terminals. Commonly the standing*
wave ratio looking into the input terminals may be
$M or fnore^ Therefore, transmission line losses
are not the minimum obtainable, and at these
PHONE PATCHES frequencies the increase in line loss may be
significant. If the Input circuit is adjusted to give a
Technical Editor, QST: good impedance match, the noise figure of the
Push-to-talk is the best way to operate a amplifier deteriorates, and such signal as reaches
transmitter when phone patching. X have been the amplifier is not handled with the optimum
using a PTT phone patch circuit that is much signal-to-noise ratio.
simpler than the hybrid types, and doesn't require The only way to achieve simultaneously the two
null, balance or other adjustments. See Fig. 1. My objectives uf minimum noise figure and negligible
artkle in May QST describes how to adjust the transmissfon-Iine fosses on receiving is to mount
level for proper operation with the Bell System the preamplifier directly on the antenna structure
Voice Coupler.1 In case any of your readers are with a relay to connect the antenna to a transmis-
having trouble getting one, it is called the "QKT" sion line leading to the transmitter. Since preampli-
in the tariffs. - J. & Berry, Jr., W4PME, 7SO fiers are small and consume little power, such a
Starlight Dr., Atlanta, GA 30305• procedure is practical.
Because the transmitter can work into a
matched Jine, line losses on transmitting w less
Technical Edltor.QST: significant, and, in the vhf and uhf regions,
I would recommend that users of WlKLK's essentially optimum performance while transmit-
phone patch make the following changes if it is to
3 ting can be obtained with the transmitter located
be used with a Bell type 3o coupler on a residence on the ground. However, if the ultimate in perfor*
telephone line: increase the value of the two input mance is desired in the microwave region, the
resistors on the telephone-line side of the input transmitter also should be mounted directly on the
attenuator to 270 ohms. This will insure that a antenna. It is to be noted that most long-range
900-ohm impedance is presented to the coupler as radars and space tracking stations have both their
required by the telephone company specification receiving preamplifiers and transmitters mounted
for voice interconnection. Also, it is a good Idea to on their antenna structures.
locate the 260Q»Hz trap across the 470-ohm The reason why optimum noise figure and
resistor on the output of 7*2. (Personally, i prefer optimum signal-to-noise ratio ts obtained by mis-
the use of a more-elaborate filter.) - George matching the input circuit is easy to explain. The
Schleicher, W9NLT, 1S35 Dartmouth CTL, Deer- onfy source of the signal is in the antenna, while
field, IL 60015• the sources of noise are partly in the antenna and
partly in the amplifier. Therefore, signal and noise
e a r , "Legalize Your Phone Patch," QST are affected differently by changing the impedance
May* transformation ratio of the input circuit. Maximum
^Blaketlee, "A Phone Patch for the ColllniS/
Line" QST, December, 1969. *See, for example* Pig. 4.3, page 87, Microwave
Receivers, VoL 23 If M.I.T. Radiation Laboratory
Series, edited by 5. N. Van Voochia, McGraw-Hill
Book Co., Uew fork* 1943

HI-

TRAMS

io voce
Ct COUPLE*
OOP

i x c e p t a s indicated, decimal
VALUES OP CAPACITANCE ARC
M tllCM)PAftA09(j*l;OTHfltft
A*t IK PICOFARADS <pF OH
ftEMTANCES AM IN OHM*;
httOOO,M«lftOOOOO

Pig. 1 - Smple PTT phone patch.

Ci ,C2 - Selected values to total .0427 uF. R4 — Audio taper,

j-l incl» - Phone jack. R5 - 4-ohm L or T pad (Mallory L4).
Li — S S h t t H surplus toroid (see Ham Ads}. S i - spdt toggle.
PLi - Phone plug. Ti - Line to grid (Triad A3X or equivj.
R1 - R3 incl. - 5 percent tolerance. T2 — Line to voice coil. Stancor A 8101 or equiv.).

54 QST lor
signal is obtained by having an impedance match.
However* if the impedance is mismatched in the
optimum manner, signal decreases less rapidly than
noise, and the signa!-to»noi*e ratio improves. The
favorable direction for making a mismatch is with
the coupling between primary and secondary of a
double-tuned circuit tighter than for maximum
signal. - Yardley Beers> WfiJK 740 Witlowbrook
Ret,, Boulder, CO #0302,

MORE ON ANTENNA NOISE TEMPERATURES

Technical Editor +QST\

Dr. Taylor's Technical Correspondence letter in
January 1970 QST about my article on atmos-
pheric noise1* brings up an interesting point concer-
ning antenna temperatures for microwave frequen-
cies. I did not elaborate on this point because the
article dealt specifically with frequencies below 30
MHt, At these frequencies the earth is very much
in the field of view of all practical antennas, and
the point raised by Dr. Taylor is of no practical
importance.
A reference antenna temperature of 290°K U
universally used in terrestrial communications cal-
culations* The temperature is increased, of course,
by galactic and atmospheric noise, as explained in
the earlier article. - Harry R. Hyder, W71V% 2523
N. 57th St, Scottsdale, AZ 85257.
Fig. 3

TRANSMITTING W i l l i FETS
Technical Editor, QST:
As solid-state technology evolves, the power-
handling capabilities of junction field-effect transis-
tors is continuously increasing. In the future, small
transmitters using JFETs exclusively will be quite
practical.- FETfc have several distinct advantages
over bipolar devices for transmitter applications:
( 1 ) As the temperature o f a JFET increases, the
zero bias current decreases* Hence, thermal run-
away* which is typical of bipolar transistors, is
avoided;(2) The high Input impedance of JFETs
should greatly facilitate the construction of band-
switched transmitters; ( 3 ) Since the output port of
a J FET amplifier does not involve a pn junction,
the generation of high-order harmonics resulting
from parasitic-capacitance effects in bipolar transis-
tors should not be present.
While several FET oscillators have been des-
cribed 6 little has been done with FETs as
frequency multipliers or power amplifiers* The
frequency-multiplier capabilities of a typical JFET
were measured with the circuit shown in >lg. 2 .
The output tank was tuned to approximately 25
MHz and the frequency of the signal generator was
changed to vary the order of multiplication. A
Tektronix type 647 oscilloscope was used to
measure the output voltage while a Tektronix type
191 signal generator was used as the driving source.
Shown in lftg. 2 is the peak-to-peak output voltage
vs. input drive voltage for several orders of multi-
plication* In these experiments a Fairchild
FT-065SC ( V p - 2.5 volts, IDSS = 5.0 m A )
n-channel JFET was used although similar results
4
Hyder, "Atmospheric Noise and Receiver
Sensitivity" QST November, 1969
5H. Wu, "Designing Power Supplies with FETs"
EEJ5% December, 1968.
° P o r example, Hanchett, " T h e Field-Effect
Transistor as a Stable V F O Elements QST% Dec-
ember, 1966,
have been realized with some of the popular plastic
devices available (MPF102, etc,). The output wave*
form of the multiplier often contains significant
modulation at the driving frequency- The data
presented In Fig, 3 are representative only of the
25 MHr, component of the output. In a practical
application a double-tuned circuit would be desir-
able, especially if the multiplier is to be used to
drive a bipolar power amplifier. It should be noted
that poor multiplier performance was realized with
J FfSTs with larger pinch-off voltages, since higher
drive levels are required to establish the low
conduction angle needed for frequency multipli-
cation. Further, it is interesting to nnte the
predominance of even-order multiplication which
results from the square-law characteristic o f the
JFETfc.
If an output link is added to the tank circuit of
Fig. 1, the rtage may be loaded and evaluated as a
power amplifier. The behavior is essentially ident-
ical to that expected from a pentode vacuum tube*
Since the peak current which may f l o w in the FET
drain Is IDSS, the maximum dc input current
which one can realize is one-half IDSS< Using a
Fairchild FT0655A (IDSS a SO mA) with a 25-volt
drain supply, the amplifier was loaded to 25-mA
drain current. Slightly more than !4-watt output
was achieved for a drain efficiency of about 50
percent. The 10 Vpk-pk drive was probably not
enough to establish deep elastic conditions. Using
a different transistor with IDSS more than fe-watt
output was achieved with 60 percent efficiency. A
heat sink is, of course, necessary. The output was
spectrally much cleaner than that typically obtain-
ed with a similar bipolar power amplifier with a
loaded tank circuit Q of 10-
While high-power FETs are not yet available, in
the fliture they probably will be. in the interim,
FETs are extremely useful as frequency multipliers
and drivers in solid-state transmitters and exciters.
The writer gratefully acknowledges the assist-
ance of WA6RDZ ~ WesHaymrd, W7ZOI, 7700
SW, Danielle Ave,% Beaverton. OR 97005-

April 1970 53
 1.6 Contacts Per Square Foot
of Real Estate
BY KATABHI NOSE.* KH6IJ

access to the well-known "antenna erection of antenna systems. Among antennas

H AVING
farm" is a great help irt attaining top
scorn* in a D X contest, but even if one
ih confined to a small-city lot, one ran mine up
with a respectable snore using antenna* cun-
available at various times were 800-foot rhombics,
yO-foot telephone poles with a track running up
the side, stacked beams, wideispaced beams, and
curtain arrays.
HO)miit with the decor nf the neighborhood. So, A regulation-*^ w football field plus additional
take heart city dwellers. turf was available for antenna experiments and
The enigmatic title of this story stems from measurements, some of which have appeared in
the fact that the author made almost 9000 con- QST and the AKRl* Antenna Book. The star
tacts during the 1968 ARRL DX Contest from tion itself was located on a 200-foot high plateau
a »V*00-flquare foot city lot which is occupied overlooking the Pacific. Three-phase power
mostly by the house. The f>200 phone contacts was available as well as a quarter mile of remote-
represent* the largest number that has been control lines.
made to date for tingle operators in the 34 year* I moved from this idyllic rural location to a
that the ARRL Content has beeu in existence. city (population <W0,000) residential area replete
with shavers, mixers, aad neighbors so close
Past Performance that L have to use a close-talking microphone
Ijet me back up a few years to provide the to prevent them from eavesdropping on my
proper rationale for this story, I was not always conversation. Many of my DX friends thought
confined to a 5000-^quare foot <-ity lot, Kor a that this move was the end of my DXing and
period of -i5 yearn, I had access to nearly 25 I thought so too, but experience through one
acres (1,100,000 square feel) of real_estate for suuspot cycle has proved otherwise.
DtpL of Phytic* anrl AatruDumy, The Mall
sity of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96833* Proof of Performance
Signal reports are of limited value, but per-
formance iti DX contests over a period of yearn
is a good measure of the overall worth of one's
location and equipment. You are pitted against
others in your locality or, if you wish, you may
compare your performance with the rest of the
world.
The best performance in two sunspot cycles
from the rural location was during the
1958 peak when 6503 contacts were
made on both modes in the ARRL
M V I 2*xd64jagis
DX Contest, This was a world high
ofi both modes. ttiO meters through

fitu/
io tree
HH six meters was utilized.
After moving into a city lot, in the
peak year 1968, nearly CJOOO contacts
were made iu the ARRL D X Contest,
again representing a world high on the
Gwfto phone mode of 5200 QHOs, There was no
Aim six-meter opening during the contest
period.
Antenna Symtem* For City Lotm
I have nothing new to offer in the
Gay in fence post way of antennas for those saddled with
Rg. 1 —The author's 37-footfour-iedfoncrank-up
tots ont tower H guyed with one set of guys at the top.
tucks
UMBO guy wires abo serve as low-frequency
antennas*

56 QST for
a city lotj but 1 do urge you to try the
well-known principles of limited-apace Mdtrffigis

L
anteimau for contort operation. You
can make up for the lack uf that
rhombic or 100-foot tower by a little
more' determination and by straining
a little more fur that weak one.
You cannot go much higher than 40
feet above the surrounding terrain on a
5000-square foot lot without attracting
attention. I nettled for a 37-foot fonr- staxdaf?
uection crurtk-up tower guyed with uue
set of guys at the tup an »hown in Jt'ig. 1.
This tower utrapped to the eaveH of
the huUKe and the batse rests on the
earth on two bricks. One guy wire in \ OtfCkOGUL
tied to a small bush, another to a fence tostdeof
House
post, another to a tree trunk, and the
Method, c f
fourth to a uail driven into the side uf Window box ptwtutf without
the house. These guy wires serve as low-
DETAIL OP TUNING HOUSE
camtywire
frequency antennas. A simple guying
system w sufficient for a low tower provided
you don't let them undergo wometrjo-exerciaa-
like strewse*. We must remind ouraelves that a
crank-up tower enables us to lower the antenna wtre
before a high wind and is not for the purpose uf
conducting wind-tunnel tests of antennas.
4C4nebert .
wvtrtedLv
High-Frmqu*ncy Antennam
A. conventional tri-baud Yagi Is mounted OIL
the guyed tower. A Vagi was chosen in preference TOP VIEW PLAN 0F40«V
to a quad since the layman is iwed to seeing a ANDfiO/ieO-RANDOMWIRE
television antenna. More than one neighbor has
commented on the "huge TV antenna" around
the corner. It takea one can uf smuke-gray Fig* 2—This sketch shew* the details of the timing unft,
taw-frequency antennas and a method of pruning without
Krylon spray to camouflage the tri-batider and
cutting the antenna wire.
another can to make the tower blend with gray
skies*
i t would have been an eaay matter to stack window which a u i he reached for easy adjust-
the six-and two-meter Yagis above the tri- ment and rearrangement of the configuration
bander but, for appoarunne aake, I use a 20-fnnt. deuirud. Alligator clips art1 used to hook up any
television U push-up" mast strapped to the *ide kind nf tuning arrangement desired. The tuning
of the house as a temporary structure fur t lie unit is exposed to the weather, This arrangement
contest (Fig. 2). as shown in Fig. 2 U not the best but it was g w d
Low-Fr*qu&ncy Antenna* fur working into \V1 from Hawaii on 160 meter*.
A method of gamma-matching a tower for 160-
A 40-mcter beam was out of the question, so meter operation hau tfeen described by the author
I settled for an inverted " V ' 1 using the two guy in otie of the antenna handbooks.
wires as radiating elements. The guy wire is
lightweight 7-»trand hard-drawn copper wire. ConcluMion
Each drooping end of the inverted k ' V " is Yu\\ too can be in big-time contesting and
coiled into a louse fr-iuch diameter loop and still keep peare with your neighbors appearance-
nerves a* a convenient means of pruning to wise. If you have lived through competition
resonance from the ground with a ladder ^Pig. 2)- from pre-war X E l A and pwUwar XF1 A,
This antenna was good for 1000 contacts which is KV4AA, and HI&XAL through four sunspot
within sight of the performance of ZD8J and pyelea you have been in big time contesting,
15-uperator XE1PTBC who have time difference Yuii too ckii do it from a city lot.
advantages.
A dipole for NO and 160 meters was out of the
question not only because of length limitation* ARE YOU LICENSED?
but because uf the bandwidth to be covered. • W h e n j o i n i n g t h e l<eajnzc o r r e n e w i n g
The remaining guy wire is used as an end-fed j o u r m e m b e r s h i p * it i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t
random wire through a pi and L network. This y o u shovr i f Jrou h a t e a n a m a t e u r o p e r -
arrangement is not new but the novelty of this a t o r license. Please s l a t e y o u r rail
a n d / o r t h e class o f o p e r a t o r license held*
systm lies in the way the timing house is t h a t w e m a y verify y o u r classification*
mounted on a window box just outside the

April 1970
Down to the Sea in Ships
mmmmmmwmmmimmmmmmmmActivity OH the V. L.
BY WILUAM R. HOLLY,* WAIHDP
AMATEUR RADIO is not the only two-way
-"-communication service in existence. However,
in listening to the ham bands for any length of
time you might begin to believe it was. Many hams
have amateuj>band-only equipment and of those
hams that do have a general coverage receiver in
the shack* how many tune it outside of the Ham
bands to see what else is happening in the world of
communications? John Fisitback's converter1 is a
good example. The author presents an economical
means of copying the world's biggest code practice
oscillators, NAA and NSS. These stations put out
an almost continuous flow of five-letter cipher
group messages which provide excellent code prac-
tice1 but yield nothing in the way of informative
listening* Yet within the tuning range of this
converter is another band of frequencies, not even
mentioned by the author, which can provide the
amateur not only with a variety of code practice
but some very interesting listening as a bonus. I'm
speaking of the medium frequency, 405-535 kHz,
maritime mobile service band.
What does the maritime mobile service band
,offer the amateur? There are numerous taped cw
broadcasts to be heard ranging from routine coastal
weather forecasts to hurricane warnings and warn-
ings of hazards to navigation. The speed of these
broadcasts vary over a wide range and, as they are
in plain language, give one a good indication of
how accurate his copy is, Fox the amateur traffic
man, monitoring this band* which is the primary
ship*hore communications link for ocean-going
vessels, provides him with an excellent opportunity
to observe professional radio operators at work.
Listening to a merchant ship file a TR (Travel
Report; listing some exotic ports of call may
inspire Home youngster to & career as a merchant
marine radio officer. Probably the most exciting
possibility is that of hearing a distress case in
progress. Communications for most of the marl-
time distress cases involving large merchant ships
are conducted on 500 kHz, the international
distress and calling frequency.
Comwmitil Procedures
Although most transmissions are in plain lan-
guage and the procedure employed Is not too
dissimilar to that used in amateur communications,
commercial procedures do contain some elements
that require a little explanation before you can
fully appreciate what is going on.
The principle of calling, and answering on one
frequency and then moving off frequency to
handle traffic once communications have been
established is strictly adhered to, All commercial
+42 Mobile Manor. KiUevy Maine 03904;
Ipishback, "Receiver for 600 to 20,000 Meters,"
QST% Sept. 1968, page I &
58
( v ia R a d i o )
telegraph stations and U. S. Coast Guard primary
radio stations maintain a continuous watch on 500
kHz. Any mobile station desiring to communicate
with a particular station calls that station on 5U0
kHz and announces his traffic and his working
frequency. The shore station will acknowledge,
giving his working frequency, and they will immed-
iately shift to the working frequencies to handle
the traffic. An example might go something like
this:
The liner S. France/FNRR has a telegram for
an addressee in New York City and calls the
commercial shore station WSL (Long Island, N.Y.).
WSL WSL DE FNRR FNRR Q T C Q S W 4 2 5 K
WSL replies: DEWSL R UPa/418
FNRR replies: R U P 2
In this case FNRR is going to transmit on 425 kHz,
one of the frequencies allotted to mobile units and
WSL is going to transmit on 418 kHz, his perma-
nently-assigned working frequency. Often, when
the stations are familiar with each other's preferred
or assigned frequencies, no mention of frequency
will be made. The call would simply be:
F N R R : WSL WSL OEFNRR FNRR QTC UP
WSL: DE WSL R UP
While the shore station has a specific frequency
permanently assigned to it. the mobile unit may
use any one uf a block of frequencies assigned for
mobile stations. Generally the mobile station will
use an assigned frequency as close to the shore
station's working frequency as possible. If, in the
second example above, you wanted to listen to the
traffic being passed, you would refer to the list of
shore stations1 frequencies in the adjacept table,
then compare it with the list of mobile frequencies
at the bottom of the table; you will probably find
the mobile station transmitting on the nearest
frequency. Listening to both sides of the conversa-
tion requires some nimble dial twisting but is not
at all Impossible with a little practice.
Distress Signals
The most universally known distress signal is
SOS. it means that a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle
is in grave and imminent danger and requests
immediate assistance. Not so mil known perhaps
are the auto alarm and DDD SOS signals. The auto
alarm consists of 12 four-second dashes sent in one
minute with a one-second interval between each
dash, it may be sent by hand or automatic
equipment The auto alarm is sent by a unit iu
distress prior to sending the actual distress message.
2The word Hip* to denote a frequency shift is
technically wrong here as the stations ate Cuing
down in frequency. However, the term is a
hangover from the days when frequency was
measured in meters rather than cycles per second
and is tftili universally used by commercial opera*
tor*.
QST for
The purpose is quite simple. Many ships cany only TABUS I
one or two radio operators and cannot maintain a List of shore radio station calls, frequencies and
continuous watch* During off-watch periods an times. The commercial stations broadcast weather.
auto alarm receiving device attached to the 500 The Coast Guard stations listed broadcast current
kHz receiver is switched on. Upon receiving a Notice to Mariners in addition to the weather
minimum of four perfect four-second dash* at forecasts. All times are GMT.
cxactly one-second intervals, the device will trip a Freq*
relay which in turn triggers an alarm bell in the Call <277/ Time kHz
radio officer's stateroom or on the bridge. In this WSC Chatham, Mass. 00SO & 1230 436
WSL Amagansett LI NY 0500, 1100, 418
manner the operator is alerted that a distress is in 1350 & 1700
progress and mans the radio room. Ideally the WSC Tuckerton, NJ 1 3 1 8 * 2318 460
sending station waits two minutes after sending the WOE Lantana, Ha. OlOS & lbOS 472
auto alarm to commencc sending the actual distress WAX Miami, Ma, 0 1 3 5 & 1335 488
message in order to allow off-watch operators to WPD Tampa, Ffa, 1800 420
get to their posts. WPA Port Arthur, Tex. 1748 416
When a station, itself not in distress, JearnSi of KLC Galveston, Tex. 0400 486
another station in distress the station not in Coast Guard Radio Stations
distress may send out the following: DDD SOS NMK San J u a n , P.R. 0020 & 1620 466
SOS SOS DDD DE the call of the station transmit- NMG New Orleans. La. 0020 & 1720 42 B
ting and the distress message. He may do so for a NMF Boston, Mass. 0050 & 1650 472
number of reasons. He may have heard a ship send NMY New York, N-Y. 0100& 1700 486
a distress message and not be close enough himself NMA Miami, Fla. 0100 & 1600 440
to render aid so he sends the DDD SOS signal to NMN Portsmouth, Va, 0120 & 1620 466
alert stations capable of rendering aid. Often in the NMV Jacksonville, Ha. 0125 & 1625 430
NMC Sun Francisco, Cal. 0400 & 1700 420
case of an aircraft ditching at sea, the aircraft will NMQ Long Beach, Cal. 472
0420 & 1700
not have medium frequency transmitters aboard. NMW West Port, Wash. 0430 & 1700 440
In order to alert ships in the area who can give aid NMJ Ketchikan, Alaska 0530 & 1730 466
to the aircraft, the shore station receiving the NMO Honolulu, Hawaii 0530 & 2000 440
aircraft's M A Y D A Y call on voice will relay the
message to the U. S, Coast Guard and other shore Ship's Working Frequencies
telegraph stations who in turn will broadcast the 425,454,468,480and 512 klb.
MAYDAY on the 500 kHz distress and calling
frequency as a DDD SOS.
warnings usually apply to the local area of the
Urgent and Safety Signals transmitting station although some stations also
Two other types of signals which may be classed broadcast off-shore weather forecasts. The table
as emergency signals, though not distress signals, shows the calls, time, frequency and broadcast
are the Urgent (XXX) and Safety iTTT) signals. contents of some of the more active.. D, S,
The Urgent signal means that the station calling has commercial and Coast Guard stations. Few of these
an urgent message regarding the safety of a mobile stations are assigned more than one working
station, or a person. It is usually sent in its entirety frequency in the medium frequency band, so the
on 500 kHz. The Urgent signal is used frequently frequency listed for each station for broadcasts is
to report a man overboard or the sighting of an also its working frequency when in two-way
iceberg or other large hazard to navigation which, communications with ships. Most of these stations
if struck, could cause serious damage to a vessel. also have some capability on the 2, 4, 6 , 1 2 and
It's also used to give hurricane warnings. 16 MHz maritime mobile bands and may be
makipg the same broadcast simultaneously on any
The Safety signal means an important message or all of these bands. Many of the Cuast Guard
concerning navigational hazards or meteorlogical stations also make voice broadcasts in the 2-MHz
warnlnp will follow. It's used to report outages of band. A list of the tiigh-frequency working freq-
harbor buoys and for small craft and storm uencies and schedules is too lengthy to be included
warnings* The Safety signal is usually sent on a in this article but if you do run across the maritime
working frequency after a preliminary announce- mobile hands on your general coverage receiver the
ment on 5Q0 kHz. The Urgent signal may be same general procedures and operating techniques
addressed to a single station or to all stations (CQ). prevail The Urgent and Safety signals are not
The Safety signal is normally addressed to all employed on the higher bands, however, and
stations (CQ). A sample call would go like this: distress calls are rare compared to the medium
XXX XXX XXX CO DE the station calling and the frequency band.
message; TTT TTT TTT CQ DE the station calling
and announcement of working frequency. While RTTY may he practical for the military or
other users with a continuous high volume of
Scheduled Broadcasts traffic, the small volume of traffic generated by the
AH was stated earlier, shore stations broadcast a individual merchant ship just doesn't justify the
variety of information at regularly-scheduled inter- installation and maintenance of expensive and
vals. These broadcasts contain weather forecasts, complicated RTTY wear. So, the next time you
navigational warnings, and traffic lists. Some sta- hear someone say, "Cw is dead/1 invite him to tune
tions even put out sports scores and short news up to 500 kHz. Not only will he find that cw is not
broadcasts. The weather forecasts and navigational dead; he will find it flourishing. iqar-j

April 1970 59
AUSTRALIS-OSCAR 5
THE LA UNCH STOR Y BY WILLIAM I. DUNKERLEY, JR.* WA2INB

came in, it appeared that the spacecraft's tempera-

"Oscar1* aloft," was the good news among ture was higher than desirable for the predicted
radio amateurs on Friday, January 23, t970. battery life.
The NASA rocket carrying a Tiros meteor-
ological satellite had successfully achieved its WtAW Bulletins
<
intended orbit and Australis-Oscar, the fifth During the active life-time of Australia-Oscar 5,
radio amateur satellite left its hitchhiking WlAW transmitted orbital predictions to tell ama-
seat in the rocket's second stage engine teurs when to listen for the satellite. The info was
compartment to begin transmitting HI to the carried on the normal bulletin schedule and in
amateur fraternity. addition on cw bulletins at 1345 and 1900 GMT.
W60WP augmented this coverage with bulletins
from his station on the West Coast,
T HE launch of Australis-Oscar 5 was followed
by radio amateurs all over the world. This was
The information content of these bulletins was
supplied by the Talcott Mountain UHF Society
possible through a very unique communications
( W A l l O X ) working under the direction of WA1-
system assembled for the purpose. W3DWFt
IUO, Amsat's manager of tracking and orbit
K3JTE and K8VTR occupied positions at the
determination. Actual equator crossing data were
operations control center at Goddard Space Flight
computer produced by K2LME of the Hast Coast
Center. M i Telephone links provided contact with VHF Society and relayed by 2 meters to W A l l O X
W1AW. W3ASK, and Project Australia. In turn.
W1AW operated on its normal phone bulletin Ground Command
frequencies for dissemination of launch informa-
tion, W3ASK maintained hf liaison with several AustrallfrOscar 5 was the first amateur satellite
amateur stations, and Project Australis relayed to be actively controlled by ground command. The
information for distribution in Australia. In addi- 29.450 MHz beacon was turned off during week-
tion, W1AW maintained a vhf link with tracking days in an effort to conserve battery power.
station W A l l O X .
Ignition was the word at 11:31:02 GMT, as
Delta 76 began unleashing its some 325,000
pounds of thrust. The vehicle left the pad at
NASA's Western Test Range, California and began
climbing to orbital altitude - a 65 minute journey
during which the vehicle'* velocity will exceed
18,000 miles per hour. Meanwhile, a tenseness
came across hamdom as the moment of AO-5N
orbital birth approached*
At 12:37:16 NASA's telemetry indicated separa-
tion of AustralisnOscar 5 from the launch vehicle.
Now came the real test of the ham satellite. Are the
transmitters functioning? Did 10 meters turn on?
Did anything go wrong? The suspense was happily
broken when 5R8AS reported hearing the 2-meter
beacon loud-and-clear at 12:38, and Oscar's tele-
metry indicated that the 10-meter transmitter was
functioning normally.
G2BVN first reported actual reception of the
10-meter signal at 1252 GMT. The satellite was
now in full view of Europe and the signals were
copied by numerous amateurs. W3ASK relayed
reports from European Oscar coordinator G2AOX
and from DJ4ZCA of Euro-Oscar fame, At 1302
VB1AFB became one of the first North Americans
to receive Australis- Oscar 5, followed by W A l l O X
at 1304. All evidence indicated that 0<car was Hera is part of the Project Australis group respon-
indeed functioning; the launch was extremely sible for the design and conduction of Australis-
nominal; Australis was doing its thing. Oscar 5. Shown from left are (back row) John
While everything looked good for AO-5, two Monro, VK3ZGY; Paul Dunn, VK3ZPD; Richard
problems did arise. During orbit no. 3, K2SS Tonkin; Geoff Thomson; (front row) Owen Mace; ~
reported hearing the modulation of the 10-meter Peter Hammer, VK3ZPI; and Stephen Howard. Not
signal drop to a low level. And, as telemetry data shown are David Bellair, VK3Q0; John Amood,
* Assistant Secretary, ARRL. VK3ZAU; and Lea Jenkins, VK3ZBJ.

60 QSTiox

K 8 V T R {[eft} weighs in Australis-0*car 5 at
N A S A ' s Western Test Range, Lompoc, California.
(NASA ptioto* }
The satellite was launched with the' 10-meter
transmitter in an on state. On January 28, Talcott
Mountain UUP Society members operating com-
mand station "Tango," provided AO-5 with the
first off command. From (hen until the batteries
supplying power to the 2-meter beacon failed,
Project Australia turned the lO-meter transmitter
on and off fot; .weekend operation like clock work!
Oncc two~meteTs became silent the remaining
beacon was left on continuously until its battery
power was depleted.
Launch Ceremonies
The launch of AO-5 was commemorated by
post-launch ceremonies held at the Talcott Mount-
ain Science Center, Avon, Connecticut, on January
31. Among those present were Amsat officials
K8VTR. W3KMV, and W3AWN, E. G, Hayman.
Defense Research and Development Attachc to the
Australian Embassy* Representatives of Senator
Dodd and Congressman Daddario, W60L0, WA2-
QMC, K3GKB, and WA2SVG from Nastar, K11XG,
WA1IUO and Donald LaSalle of the Science
Center, W3DWF representing NASA, W1QV,
W1YYM, WA,21NB and W1LVQ from HqM and
KITZD and several other Talcott Mountain UHF
Society members. The progress of the launch was
reviewed for the attendees and a complete descrip-
tion of the satellite's performance was presented
by Amsat AO-5 project manager K8VTR. Finally,
the group had an opportunity to inspect the
WA1IOX tracking station during a pass of the
satellite.
Reports
The Australi&Oscai 5 experiment does not end
with the termination of transmissions from the
April 1970
satellite. Collection or data from the many ama-
teurs who heard the signal* continue*. Eventually,
a comprehensive report on the performance of the
satellite will be presented.
You can materially aid this effort by sending
Amsat (address below) your report of reception.
Reports received thus far vary from a simple "I
heard it," to detailed propagation and telemetry
examinations. All are helpful and will be acknow-
ledged with an attractive QSU
What Next?
Plans arc already underway for Oscar 6. Its too
early to know what features the next amateur
satellite will contain* But, Amsat pledges to aim for
a repeater satellite to have an active life-time nf
perhaps one year! Such a satellite would be useful
to large numbers of amateurs for everyday DX
communications.
If Australi^pscar 5 caught your fancy, or if
you're intrigued by future Amsat plans, maybe
you\l like to take a more active role in amateur
space communications efforts. How? By joining
Amsat, Dues are $5.00 per year and each member
receives the Amsat newsletter with all the latest
info on ham space activities. For full details, send
stamped addressed envelope to Amsat, PO Box 27
Washington, p.C. 20044. S5E3
RULES FOR LIFE MEMBERSHIP
1. Life Membership is granted only by
the Executive Committee, upon proper
application from a Full (U. S. or
Canadian licensed) Member,
2. The Life Membership fee is twenty
- times the Annual dues rate, or currently
$130.
3. An applicant may choose an alternative
time-payment plan of 8 quarterly in-
stalments, $16.25 each. In such instance
he will provided an interim two-year
Full"' Membership . certificate. Upon
completion of the payment**, Life
Membership will be granted.
4. Life Memberahips are non-transferable,
and dues payments are non-refundable.
In the event an applicant is unable to
complete payments on the instalment
plan, he will be given a term of mem-
bership, at the annual dues rate, com-
mensurate with payments received.
5. Other licensed amateurs in the same
family, and at the same address, of a
Life Member may retain or obtain
Family Membership upon payment of
the annual dues of $1, but without
receipt of QS7\ The dues of the Family
Member may be prepaid for any
number of years in advance, but there
is no special rate.
6. Application forms are available upon
request from the Secretary, ARRL
Newington, Conn. 06111.
61
DXm Get You
If You Don't Watch Out

BY ALBERT KAHN,* K4FW ex-W8DUS

H AROLD was an active ham while still in "Why don't you try traffic, rag-chewing or
K
high suhool, on the air occasionally while in vhf? suggested the doctor. He continued, 'DX Is
college. During his early adult yean, he just a gfime. To enjoy it fully, you must put it in
maintained a casual interest in amateur radio, but perspective and certainly not put it ahead of your
spent most of his leisure hours with girls or family and job. No one should ever neglcct his
playing golf. responsibilities for a hobby. What about rtty?
After he married Helen and established a home Harold sobbed, "I've tried them all and just as
his old interest in ham radio returned. Babies 1 think I have a new hold on myself I run into
arrived and he began to move up within his something as I did this morning and just didn't
company, (n a few years he had become a go to work."
division manager, moved to the suburbs, bought a "Tell me about llT
second car, joined a country club and Installed a "Well, BF0AA was calling CQ,"
set of beams including a full-size Yagi for 40. "BFfllAATWhat frequency?
Then something teemed to snap. Harold would "14030 — where are you going?
slip away to the shack right after dinner, emer- The doctor was already out of the room. He
ging long after the household was asleep. Al- returned with his hat and coat.
though his alarm would ring at 6:00 A.M., he left "See me again sometime," he shouted as he
the house later and later. opened the outer door. "Got to go home for a
Harold began to have a dazed, faraway look. while!' fow^i
He rarely read anything except ham publications.
His golf clubs gathered dust Once a stimulating
conversationalist* he became an intellectual blank.
Helen and he rarely entertained and when they
did, he would quietly slip away without a word
NEW BOOKS
of explanation. Electronic Communication, second edition by
For a long time his XYL bravely made excuses Robert L. Shrader, Published by McGraw-Hill
to their friends. "Harold is under such pressure at Book Company, 330 West 42nd S t , New York, N.
the office," she would say. No one believed her, V. 10036. 7 1/2 by 10 1/4 inches, 682 pages,
especially his business associates. including index. Cloth cover.
Things at the uffice were not going too well. Jf you are on the study trail to an ad-
He was passed over several times when pro- vanced-level amateur license, this hook will he an
motions were in order. A vice-president took him excellent traveling companion* The text is arranged
to lunch to attempt to find the cause of his as a self-study program for amateur and commer-
dccline. When he fell asleep at an important teal licenses, with questions ut the end of each
meeting the president called him in and gave him chapter to test the reader^ understanding of the
a stern warning* material presented* followed by 4 second net of
Helen was distraught at the threatened questions si miliar to those found on an FCC exam.
Using clear, concise language, a minimum of
break-up of their home. She cuuid visualize mathematics, and lots of drawings and illustrations,
Harold - a derelict on skid-row and herself with the author presents the practical side of the radio
her two children on relief. Finally she persuaded art. The book's thirty-four chapters cover all
Harold to visit a psychiatrist and to resolve to phases of the theory and applications of electronics
kick this dreadful habit. He agreed. in communications and navigation.
The next morning Harold called a psychiatrist, The first nine chapters are devoted to electronic
a fellow ham whom he had met at the ham club. theory, followed by ten chapters covering baric
Because of the urgency he was invited to drop in transmitters and receivers for cw, fm, a-m, and **h.
that afternoon. Sample cirucits are given throughout, using both
tubes and transistors. The remaining sections cover
"Just relax on the couch, OM," said the specialized systems and current practice in radio
doctor, "and tell me what is wrong.*9 broadcasting, television, microwave, radar. &hip-to-»
'Tm hooked on DX," said Harold. "It is shore, and loran systems. The FCC rules for the
driving me nuts. Was going to quit at 300 amateur and commerical services, plus a chapter on
countries, then I thought I'd go for 320, and so the Morse code, finish the book.
it went. Now 1 am trying to be the first with 400 It's a big book* packed with information that is
confirmed/* well arranged and indexed. As such, it is an
efcL'dlent reference text as well as study guide.
*Ten-Tec,~lnc.« Sevierville, Tenn. 37H62 - W1KLK

62 QST for
 The $22,000,000.00 Ham Shack
BY HARRY W. LEWIS * W7JWJ and ROBERT F. BROWN
O NE day during the Spring of 196V a strange
monstrous sight was seen In the sky of the
Pacific Northwest. Some rain-soaked residents of
Seattle first thought they saw a gigantic winged
and pregnant " G u p p y . " The sound and sight of jet
aircraft overhead will seldom cause the Lifting of an
eyeball in the country known as Boeing. But on
this day all eyes strained t o see the maiden flight of
the super super-jet, the 747. Look into the Western
sunset. 5oi>n it will be flying your way.
Plane Facts
One cannot describe the 747- One sees it like
one first sees an ocean, or the moon in the
midnight sky. A plumb line dropped f r o m the tip
of the massive tail structure will resonate on 80
meters with some 63 feet of vertical height. From
the tail. looking far forward somewhere toward the
nose can be strung a 160-meter dlpole of nearly 2 3 0
feet. The wing span is AS tali as your Local
broadcast tower, or It will stretch f r o m your house
to the one down in the next block some J 96 feet
away. Within the concert hall interior can be held a
complete hamfest, uf 4S0 net member*, three net
controls in the cockpit, and a dozen very pretty
YLs in mini-skirts to hand out QSL cards.Certified
by the FAA just before Christmas, the 747 is now
being delivered to the commercial airlines where it
will begin the age of travel for the 1970s.
Not only did the 747 make history hy lifting its
tremendous mass and site from the earth and into
the air that day, but it also made history for all
radio amateurs on the day it called CQI
The First CQ
On Wednesday, November 26, 19ft1*, the first
amateur QSO was made f r o m the Boeing 747.
Robert Brown, WA7IBL t operating one of the
ship's hf rigs at 27,000 feet over eastern Wash-
ington contacted Irv, W9DFJ, and Milt, W9THH,
* 10352 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Wash.
98125,
** 4 6 0 5 150th Ave., S.E., Bellevue, Wash.
98004,
April 1970
WA7IBL
both in Wisconsin. The pile-up started pretty fast
and Bill, K7SSU, was next. Ernie Campbell,
W7CHW, was aboard and took uvcr when Bob had
to get back to work. (This was not a joyride, but a
working test-flight schedule) Ernie contacted
K7SSU again and W 0 P U P , W2GM*. WB6AQC/6,
WR6UXK, and W6LEO. This was a pretty goud fist
for 20 minutes work, but as one fellow said,* V i t h
an antenna 27,000 feet high you can get every-
where*" These contacts were all made on 14.308
MHz between 1607 and 1626 GMT.
A little later the 747 formated with a 720 for
some in-flight photo work, and Hob had a chance
to get on the rig again. This time he contacted
W 7 E F S , W A 9 P P V , WAGWKA/7, WB6UXR,
K7SYE, W3U3S, K2QWJ, and K7ZCW. There were
several more fellows left hanging when Bob and
Ernie reluctantly had to QRT for the day. The
public relations photographer for Boeing, who
most conveniently was ahoard the 720 this day,
was Byron Wingett, WA7BIY.
Ham Equipment
The rig used one of the two hf rigs installed o n
the 747. The ship has a total of five commun-
ication radios, two hf and three vhf rigs. Vhf is
used for the normal airways communication on
domestic flights and hf for long-range work on
overseas flights. Since most all of the test flights
are domestic, the radio group was happy to have
the hf rigs used once in awhile and getting
permission of the test pilots was no chore. They
kind of got a kick out of it.
The rigs are Collins 6lHT-2<, a standard air-
craft-hf set, running 4 0 0 watts PEP. The antennas
are two 15-foot booms fixed to the trailing edge of
each wing tip and pointing backwards. There is an
automatic antenna coupler that keeps the SWR
below 1.2:1 for all frequencies from 2 MHz to 30
MH*. The rig is tuned with a frequency synthesizer
to each even kHz.
Since that first day Hob has made many more
contacts, including another air-mobile, Bob's main
reaction to the whole thing was, "It sure was fun
being on the other end of a pile-up for a change/ 1
The airplane is the fourth 7 4 7 built, tail number
N731PA, and will be refurbished and delivered to
Pan-Am when the test program is completed. Bob
is the Test Operation Engineer on the airplane, and
F-rnie is one of the Boeing-Instructor Pilots. Bub is
a member of AKRL and the BKAKS, the amateur
radio club at Boeing,
Op January 5,1970, Bob Brown wrote this note.
"Today we had our last flight on the airplane. We
landed at Renton (successfully) arid the plane will
now be refurbished, 1 had time for a short 3-way
with two California fetation* and one in Maple
Valley, 1 guess this ends i t . . .1 don't know when,
or if I will get another chance at a 7 4 7 rig."
One day soon the big bird will lumber out of the
West towards your home town. When you see it
overhead arid wonder what kind of people put it
there, remember fellas — we also had a ham up
there! loa*—I
Hera's Bob, WA7I8L, hamming at his regular crew
station in the 747's c o c k p i t On normal flights
there is little time for ham operating.
63
 W0YC (WA0TWZ, at mike)
TN a year sparked with controversy, the Nov-
e m b e r Sweepstakes was not entirely without
exception. October, 1969, QST curried the surT
prising news that the low power multiplier was
being dropped on a trial basis on the recommen-
dation of the AKRL Contest Advisory Committed
Shortly thereafter, comments began being re-
ceived front the field* Membership reaction, a* one
might logically assume, ranged from enthusiasm, tp"
outrage, Suggestion* for improvement followed the
same^ pattern, some very well thought out, others
completely unreasonable. They were* in all,cases,
noted and passed to the CAC fur their consider
ation.
Plsewhere in this issue you will find a detailed
report by the ARRL Content Advisory Committee
regarding the 1969 Sweepstakes. L join you in
hoping they will arrive at what will be an equitable
solution for all.
Getting back to the business on hand, I'm sure
you're all wondering how you placed in this year's
Sweepstakes If so, the pages to follow should be
of considerable interest*
The 36th ARRL November Sweepstake* saw a
total of 1750 entrants, down somewhat from the
previous year. Of the**, 970 chose cw while.7RU
entered the phone section. Awards arc scheduled
for an April 15th mailing.
The nest major event on the activities calendar
is Field Day. All set? If not, now'* the time to give
it j&orne serious thought. Rules will appear next
month. C U then! ^ ing sonn; 100 entrants in 1969 was WN9AJP,
* CommunioatloD* Aosiatant, ARRL.
64
« ^
TOP TEN. ,
Rich year there arc a number of outstanding
signals to be heard in the November Sweepstakes.
This year's elite include:
C.W. Single operator: W6RW (W6lX)Xtopr.)
121,525; W8SH <KlZND,opr.) 118675; K2KIR
118,457; K6EBB <W6CUF,opr.) 118.144; K4GSU
11 K.104; K6AHV (K.9ZMS,opr.) 116,950; K2KTK
116,194; WA7KUW 113,176; W7DI 112,470;
W4KFC 110,950. Multtoperator: K5LZO 152,550:
WA7IFD 109,770;KflGXR 8l,9l&.
Phone. Singe operator: K9LBQ/7 156.252;
W5RUB 142,672; K6UVC jK9ZMS,opr.) 142,266;
W5QQQ/7 140.503; WSJ AW 137,04ft; W8SH
(KIZND.opr.) 136,150; WA0EMS 135,712;
K4BAI (,12,202; W3AZD 130,600; K8DOC
<WA8LEO, upr.l 128,908. Multiopcrator: KSLZO
183,076; K0UKN 147,448; WA71FD 121,984.
S pecial congratulations are in order tor
K9LBQ/7 and W6RW (W6DyX,opr.», Top Op* on
phone and cw, respectively. A word of praise aLso
for KIZND, K9LBO/7 <also WA7KUW) and
K.9ZMS whose outstanding efforts placed them in
the Top Tett both modes.
It should itluj be noted that IC5LZO, leading
Multiopcrator entries both modes, managed over
1200 OSOs on phnne in a truly outstanding effort.
Novice News
F:ich year the increased operating abilities of our
newcomers become more and more evident, lead-
leffrey, with a score of 23.520-2U8 QSOs-60
QST for
 r.-r*""^ 'V-Vffc ''i
Sfitf « *
fillffl;Ji.'- U

* >
1

71
i •

cTL

AL NOONE, * WAXKQM/WB6SAZ VE2BVY

sections in 16 hours of operation from the Wis- get better all the time. WB40QR, Tenn. First
consin section. Thirty-two additional section clean sweep in 21 years "of hamming. — W8DQL,
awards are scheduled for mailing to Novice winners Mich. Gave up trying to hold a frequency with my
as follows: WNls fCRX/1, LJD; WN2s DRS, EPT, peanut whistle. - WA8TKM, Ohio. Disaster struck
JAM and LJS; WN3s MDY, MHF; WN4s LHO, as the beam stopped working, the final went and
LKC, LZK/4, NRL, NVM; WN5s WKV, YLM, the audio was a fraction of what it should have
ZRB; WN6s CAD, CE1, EIM, HSJ, NYT; WN7s been. Murphy, why now? - W1BGD/2, ENY. With
IWU, MEO; WN8s DGH, EQH, EUN; WN9s AIO, a venerable check year of '34, I guess you have to
ZKL; WN0s AAZ, VFJ, YJW, YLQ. get used to people calling you "sir" in the SS. —
W2LEJ, NLI. Operating competency of partici-
SOAPBOX - Phone pants outstanding. - W2MB, NNJ. Knew I was
" Q e d " up when 1 worked W0QQQ, WA5QQQ and
Where did the linears suddenly come from? - W5QQQ/7 - three of four QSOs in a row. -
W3ZNF&e\. Happened to call CQ on a New KlKPQt Conn. Look for me next year from KZ5 —
England Net and mentioned I needed Vermont. WA9NSR/1, EMass. Recommend additional points
Sure enough, there was WA1GKS - Vt.I - for KH6, KL7, KZ5 and VE8 QSOs - Wi/AX,NH.
K3LWR/3,E?2i. The SS exchange is too long and How about that, I was a pile-up - WA1JFG, Rl.
useless for this type of contest work. - W3AZD, Your contest message getting to be a ridiculous
MDC. We finished a brand-new antenna farm 5 length. - W7GKF, Mont. Last SS for the next 4
minutes before contest began, then lost time years, leaving for the Navy. - WA7JOG, Oreg.
because we were so exhausted we slept in. — Would like to be able to QSO same station on
WB2DRG, SNJ. Operation was intermittent due to different bands. - K7INE, Wash. See you next
E. Murphy. - WB2HUA, WNY. T V I is nothing . . year, if my wife doesn't shoot me first. -
40 fraternity brothers complaining about CQ SS on K9VER/7, Nev. Where were the Wis, didn't hear
their stereo systems . . that's something. - WA- anybody north of Connecticut. - WA6CPP, SJV.
SCOJ/3, WPA. Great SS, had a lot of fun. Where Made last minute phone call to K I G A X in Maine
was Hawaii and W.I.? - WA 9 WPO, 1U. Sure wish but found out next morning we had worked it for
we could have gotten one of our 7S meter antennas the Clean Sweep. - WA6CRI, SCV. 1 thought my
to work. - WA9QEI, Ind. Had more trouble ears were playing tricks on me when I worked
working W6s than KZ5. - WA9ZCP, Wise. The CQ KH6GMP and KH6GPM on successive contacts on
wheel really helped save my voice for Sunday the same frequency. - WQBWJ, Colo. Since Wyo-
morning. - WQAIH, Minn. One WAS got hysterical ming is no longer a rare one, thinking of packing
when I answered his CQ South Dakota for SS. - up and moving to Idaho next year. - WA7EWC,
KQZTV, SDak. We need to make check sheets Wyo. How ironic that I couldn't hear anyone in my
larger. - WA5RTG, Ark. My first SS ever and it own section. - W4KMG, EFIa. My first attempt at
was great. Also confusing, hectic and noisy. — SS, had lots of fun. - WB6FRD, L.A. A great
m 4 K T R I 5 < La. Keep up the great contests, they contest, wish I could have given it full time. -

April 1970 65
K6 YNB. Org. First attempt at the SS, hut believe I
did make at f e w happy with the Maritime section. -
VOlA\\\ Mar. First SS, looking forward to next
year, -- VE5AA, Suhk. hirst SS since IS4M, sure
nice tn get in the swing again hut sure need
practice. ~ VE6FK* Alta. Operated out of <»ur
Centennial Club Station, I'midx poor, just turned
good when had to go to work. - VE8NWT* NV\rr.
K0BH7, K A N A I l l trade you three VE8s and a V T
for an AKKM WAQEMS* MO. Heard on the bands:
"What's going on in <VmuY Everyone I hear has
over 400 Q S O s " - attributable to a WK2. -
KIGUDj CT.

SOAPBOX - C W. LF.D SECTION BOTH MODES

(Boldface - over 100K each mode)
1 know i can do better if I had 40-meter operation! W2PAU W5JAW W8SH
I really enjoyed the contest. CU next year! - K3HKK W5RUB W9YB
WA3HOM, EPA. Never did hear Me, V t . ew nr W3NK.1** WA6IVN K0ZTV
phone. Must have »ll t o m e to IX? for the Mora-
torium. - WA3LKH, Ml). O, where O, where is WA3KDQ** WA6I.XN/6** W 0 S O E * *
SNJ? - K2QPN. SNJ. Kvery thing in the world K4BAI WB6T0J*" WA0CVS
went wrung with the rig, - WA2tCVfl% W N Y , W4KFC K7WWR WAOfcMS
Great fun, hut hard on the seat of the pants. - W4UHI WA7IFD" KL7JDO
W3QEI, WPA, Fifty miles from Vt - no Vt in log! K5LZ0** WA7KUW* VF3U0W**
Early skiing? - W2JKJ, fcNY. My new X Y L <3
VESAA** VESUS
months) gut her first taste of hamming. Still
haven*t figured out whether it was good or bad. — + K 9 1 B Q H -Phone
WiDYR/2* N L l . My first SS as Clergyman coin- * 4 Muftioporator
cided with my first wedding at a Clergyman. -
WA2LDX, NNJ, Kirvt 3S 1 ever worked ail sections,
a real thrill. - lVW.it A ILL. Enjoyed the rvmtest
very much and wilt be hack next year. Many
thanks, to A R R L for taking care of amateur radio. Affiliated Cluh Competition
- WA9WMT, IN I), How about a QST article some
time describing the job of tabulating and checking Kach year an engraved coco-holn gavel is award-
contest results? Believe all participant* in cmtests ed to the ARRL-att'ikatcd club whose members
would enjoy hearing about vour job. - W9USm amass the largest aggregate *cores. Put the 5th
WISC, Very wild contest. - WA5SOG* A k K - A consecutive year, the Potomac Valley Radio Club
real great content and what a way to improve your has successfully outclassed all who sought to
code. - WHIHB/5, MISS. Knioyed the grind - be
dethrone them. This year's big guns wem W4KFC
back next year but don't ask me why, hi! -
K4SXD* I'FNN. Second time in the contest, on c w and W 3 A Z D on phone. Victory was not
enjoyed it immensely. Surprised how broad a 4oi> easily attained, however, as close on their heels was
Hz filter COfild seem. - A 7BOY/(f t MINN. My first Connecticut's Mufphy%s Marauders finishing a
SS con test. Not h;id. - WN0WVX. S D 4 K . T was strong second; an exceptional feat considering this
generally pleased with the SS. Most operators were was their second SS entrv. Taking honors were
very courteous! - K4CRB* K Y . That dumb alarm W1BGD/2 on t w and K I T H (J on phone. Third
ilock didn't go otf again so missed a f e w hours. --
place goes to tlie Indian Hills Radio Cluh of Ohio
WAXZDTs MICH. N o w I know why Murphy is the
most feared name in contesting. - WRWK* Ohio. I with W8QXQ taking Club Awards foi both modes.
was disappointed that I couldn't work at least 68 The only other score over u million was that of the
sections this year with my ft watt 20 meter rig, Minnesota Wireless Asportation. Their Club
Mavhe next year I I ] put the antennu outside. Champs were K 0 O K K on cw and W0AIH on
W9Q/R. IOWA. Where were VH1 and W.I.?? - phone.

DIVISION LEADERS
c.w. Phone
Single Multl Single Multi
Operator Operator Operator Operator
K2K1R W3NKI Atlantic W3AZD W3GN
W9RQM W9YB Central W9YT W9YB
K0ORK W0HSC Dakota W0AIH WA^DGW
K4PUZ W5YM Delta WbHUB WA4UCE
W85H WA8LVT Great Lake* W85H KSPMK
WIBGD/2 W2S2 Hudson W2MB WAZPXB
WA0EMS K0GXR Midwest WA0EMS K0UKN
W1BPW W1MX New England K1PKQ WA1JUY
KTWWR WA7LFP Northwestern WbCjQQ/7 WA/BKW
K6EBB W6BIP Pacitic WA61VN WB6TOJ
W4KFC W84KPD Roanoke W4KFC W84FDT
WA7KUW WA0VPQ Rocky Mtn. K9LBQ/7 W7CHR
K4BAI WB4IQD Southeastern K4BAI WA4ECY
W6RW WA71FD Southwestern K6UYC WA7IFO
KSYAA KSL20 Wast Gulf W5JAW K5LZO
VE7BDJ VESAA Canadian VF5US VE&AA

66 QST for
Our 49th and largest state was ably represented by
KL7/UR, the Elmeridorf AFB club station. Shown
operating is KL7GCV, Kramer, with WL7GQD f
Ron (now KL7) assisting. Their QTH, a rare
compromise of natural beauty and a highly desira-
ble radiating system.

•• — •

' . -
vr... •»

I •»• fa*.
• . p- •!

MTiUA TI:D CLUB SCORUS

LAV. i%vt?
Hub Annie* Winner \ Vinner

Potnrrro Vallay Radio Club . . . . . . . . . J.&1U.41J 41 MKfL. W3AZD

&4 WlBtjU/2 K I T HO
Indian Hi Hi Radio D u b <Uho> . 1,389,337 ?A VkrSOXQ WBQXO
37 K4QRK W0AIH
Cxntrdl Michigan Amntvur Radio Club . „ . . . . . £124,899 ?3 vVttfH VV8SH
IK U N •.opr.) <K1?NO»opr.)
128 Contort Club 1 Man ) 1.1 W1BPW K1KDP
26 W2PAU W2PAU
Radio Club of Tacoma <Wa*h.l . . . . . . 642.599 24 K7VPF WbOUQ/7
Weit Valley Amateur Radio d u b . . . 3U1£73 IB WA6CSN WBBUHF
CuJumhuK AinattnJr Radio Association (Oliko) . . . . 3b 2.09ft 10 WB8AKW WBBAKU
14 K3HKK K3HKK
Suffolk County Radio Club IN.Y.i . . . 3?&.346 10 K2AU WBWJZU
C-jriuectttut WirelM Association . . . . 293,1*6 B W1BIH 1 •1 4 •
Ozaukaa Radio Club (Wioc.k . . . 232,973 12 W9NYJ WA9YBM
Wert Park Radiopa (Ohio) M W8AJVV KBCFH
Miami Valley Amateur Radio Contest fioc.lOhrol 206,140 13 W8WPC K8b PX
fKBSPX^pfJ
Boeing Employee® Amatnur Radm Soe»pty (WivtO . . . . . 199,346 14 WA7JCB WA7JCB
6 W5EKF W6MQ
Manillon Amateur Radio Club JOhiol 0 VW9VYU K8EKG
Oak Park Aomtutir Radio Club lMich.1 e WA8ZDT WA870T
Hamtvm'* Radio Club <1111 5 W0AA/9
<WA9V2X,opr.i
Richmond Amateur Radm Chm (Va.) . . . . . . . 142.200 12 K4JM W4ZSH
Aiatsahoa Radio Quh (Cdio. 1 . . . . . . . . . . « . 133,178 4 m i m
South HJih Sfflwpoundet* A Modulators iPn.) . . . . . . . .83,539 3
Walton Radio Afciociation (N V J B WB7FVVG
Northern Chautauqua Amateur Radio Cluh {H Y.) . . . . . .78,617 4 K^RIP
I W Htllt Amateur Hadio Club IPa. I 3 > • • . . a
Ouaen City Emergency Net lOhln) . . . . .63,107 3 . ...
3 .... | . K4FU
3
.•ohnson County Radio Amateur'* Uub (Kan.i . . . .60,738 0 KtAPfV K0BHM
5|. Jomph High 5c.tior>l Aniawui Radio Club (Ohio) . . . . . .57,362 4 WBftBZK . . i. ..
laka S u c ^ s Radio Ciub ( N . Y ) 40,66/ 9 VV2MN W2MN
B • A WB7ZDY
Chicago Radio Traffic Association . . . 2 3 W9REC i • > >. i
yillanovn U m w s i t y Anannir Radio Club fFa.l > • • . 17/468 4 • • . .

April 1970 67
 I H i K T t \ S l X 7 U S \ \ W P S r A K h S ( J I N T F S T W32CZ/3 2,461 54-3.1 A05 IV9HL * 3,760 3*4-70 A31
SluIci htt g r o u p e d b y WA3Jfefc I.9J8 3I-I8A06 KVktt 278-68 Blft
i > r v w o n s 4110 S ^ t i o n L . . . Thrnpeintor
WAJJHN 21-14 B07 WAV* >Mu i43JA8 754-68 HI 4
ot t h e s t a t i o n first-listed m e a c h S e c t i o n i » t h e a w * i d d i n n e r t o r tTiat W\JNIO 28-14 Al'4 WN9AJP* 2 4,5 20 2WWM>Mf»
a c t i o n u n J e a u t h i - r w i * inrflesiKut. . . , A i n d i c a t e * ifc i n p u t K3AKK 630 23-T4A03 W9LMU 20,126 174-58 AI4
p o w e r u p tu a n d tnclndinfE I51) w a t U , H o v e r 151) watts. . . . T h e WNJMPD 26( 1 WA9 rpy 16*582 159-49 At 5
WJNKI <
W A H % PXF VXP. WAIKIU i 5.0<IU 128-51 Ao7
t o t a l o p e m t t n g t i m e t o t h e n & i u s t h o u r , tthen g i v e n For e a c h
SVAffKXJJ WiKH. ICJJA4 H
^ u t i o i u H t h e last f i g u r e following ( h e w o r e . . . . F \ . « n p l e <»r 64.(58 437-*4 B24 WAiYII* 9,476 103-46 A20
listings: W J U A U <>5,40(1 4 o W O B 1 7 <»r Hn;i1 v r u e u f * 5 . 4 c i n UAJMQI Mop*.) WMYBM 8,800 tlQ-40 HIS
44,94* n*-r>HA?4 WvLWClW9A<JW,gpr,j
n u m b e r uf c o n t a c t * 4 b l n u m b e r o f * v t i o j i s 711, d c tnpiit pv>wv( B,
f
11 I H||4
total operating time 17 hours \ri .ivtensk denote* a Novice CENTRAL DIVISION WOCTl 7rr>26 A14
r r u r t i f r a t c ft i n n e r ; d o u b l e «%teri%k i n d i c a t e s * M q . staff m e m b e r ,
/fliisorf WN9IUR 3.171 W o A33
WN9HCJ 2,400 4^25 A19
i n e l i g i b l e f o r n w w U . M u i t i - o p e t a f c i r » U t i o n < are g r o u p e d In o r d e r o f
srmt- f o l l o w i n g u n g l e - o p e r a t n r s u t i o n h * t i n « In e j o h « . - t i » n Vr'9LKi 100,300 664*75 U2,l \ W U J M {,040 JWU AO?
W\9C,i H M t00,lU6 B14 WAMTTCT •2*111 HOS
Uhiilatjon, 73,803 $07.7* H22 I 33-15 A64
W9LNQ f>?,nOA 444-75 A illWA^WKJ (WA9QMU, n|tr.)
V / W l tin

WA9NC3K r>21307 50lWiJ |1|g WN9BWP SO 5-0$ U01

WN3MJ b V J U Sft-IO 291 -68 A 20 4 7-02 All
Bt7 \VAvMHM {+ Ki/UI, WA9AWO!
Y i 9 b V i
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\ \ W i l 2 (-01 A K^hMA 28,203
WN3MJ Z 2 t-Of A K4JHH 23.17ft t Alt* .^MBO 25H-60 HtS
ATLANTIC DIVISION W3YK I4-WA3KII.VI WA9VIY 21,54* i0l><*4 B18 W9KTL (+WN9a Apt 1'J
19,2.42 23J-6J AJy W9KK: 19.908 I 58-63 HIS 19,890 734-45 A23
Ifrfayvare
W3PWO ( + WA.4/YV) WVBV ISJ18 I4V-5J B07 WN9BBC<+WN9EMX)
W.lCiM.I *s,4nn 4M-70 H17 «>,72il H.M2 A 12 I4,M»4 ($f^47 HI7 nl2 3t-UAt7
tV.UKOQ (6npr>J W3TOS l+W* JMU) V/WFOT 14,382 1*!M7A!3
|V5>4« A24 4.712 T9-31AH2< W1S9AJV i 3,872 146-44 HI5
WQHKG 13,238 I0»-S8 Ail DAKOTA DIVISION
WVIJXK 12,361 UH.4*
\VA3l>s* 101,492 674-74 A2 2 W2PAU 59,086 405-63 b22 W9RCJ I0,V*2 14-74 AI I Vffnnescta

K3H 12 73,072 50J.7? B23 W1VYS ^,77?? A IH W9I-.Y 3,840 II 2-3S AC'S K0ORK too, J SO 701-75 B23
KAWK/J 44H-71 AJ4 VVH24PH tii»«iAM 210-73 AI4W^KNX 8.487 tli«4t A16 KC^UL 444-73 B24
WA3JI IT 44».'S4 A.* 1-67 B24 K2QPN 23<275 204-S^ RI4 WA^YI n X.70U lrt(V4r ABt- K^ZXI" 7-2.S54 4KA-74 B24
WAilKiM 312-69 B24 K2P7K 23,200 200-98 A09 WB9A3B n,4*>0 AI3 W^IYP « 3,724410-66 Bl R
KJHNP .49,012 28<M>8 If I fa WB7UVB 13.992 LJ2-JJ A10 WvWK 63-46 Mil WAIP1AW 377-64 A16
Wi/MII lWAJ0YVripr.) W2LA <MH0 I 30-^8 Bl I WA9UMZ 5 S 7 1 7H-37 B08 ? [ «Q 54381-67 Bl 3
HIK W2PU (KhJ Ihupr.J mNMAlO* 4,8t 8 7.M3 A20 WA0MJH 44,380 3I8-70A21
W3ARK J^Wii) 20H-5" H11 7,700 Hft-44 A O 3W v K KYi 4,o$(l i ^ r A i 1 WA^UCU j 54.71 A31
WA3AIX 168*67 Bl 2 K2YU (J 88 2mi12 Bl)7 W9VYG 4,03 2 rt J- 1*02wA«Tgr .U4-5K R|h
WACNS 220-41 A14 WA7MPL 1,002 i-ui m i WA9ZHQ ?,8S6 74-21 At 8 WOQXF 29,(124 2t5»S6 Bl 3
A HMO I4,0$0 146-4* AI I WB2VUJ 9J6 76-18 ISU8 WA9/UU 2,772 SI-28 A10 W0UXA 23.512 201-56 B(3
WA3I VR 2* 4-32 Bl A WN2JU ^ i i> 21-14 M J 7WN9APL 2.520 42-30 All WAOWBCj 19,544 175-56 A14
W3hTC> 13.200 132-50 AW K2ZUM/2 WV7KN C 2< 145-tBAON WA^UNT 170-57 AI 5
UrAJlYC 10,104 lo|.32 AIS W2KFB I* K2PWVJ l-i>l l«ni Km*RVF 1,364 <1-27 Alto WA0KXM J 7,480lg|.4ft RI3
K3K1 b S4-44 Htn 311300 303-SO H19v;a9\vvi t^nu MbH) A04 W^KV t 3,426 172-55 ROB
W3ADK S.KINI tOO-24 AM WA9/PL 1,0847-06 B-1 VMQM' ZH } 1,607 110-53 AI4
W3HMK M40 90-34 Bl>7 \VH2WKt 1* KvfPO 9,026 2^-18Ao3 10^10 120-45 AI 5
WN9MHK* 4»884 71-« A30 W 9S PC Kill I AO o HM7CI |1 V44A14
WAMNV n&-2»> A0t» J48-SI HI 6 W N 9 A O S- 594 32*11 AiO WO PAN ^,712 10044 BOft
W1CIRK J.700 S0»J7 A WA0TC1M 8,000 100-40 AQ6
S-24 AO* W e s t e r n H e w V rvfr K^TPr 7,839 !0(-39 BIO
W3CM
WA3MIR KJKIK MM&7 .909-73 B24 24,47<i 2IB-SB B24 h,f»| fi ' i t l ^ HI 2
\YN3MR* Am KJKi'k 78«i u-t3 B24 WAi P fiH M* npr«,i WA0OEK
Alh WA2CPQ *8>2fU) 4A2-MK2I n,137 t.%4-43A14 WA0WOV 72-42 H06
WNitUA
W3MPX 1,176 42-7828-21 At J WA2CAL 5(1^128 WN0YLQ* 5 , 7 3 $ 78-37 A13
ttAilfrlt (,120 28-2<l H04 W2D1Q 41,944 33lVft4A23 2,6«2 SI-26A18
MKI>M I l-t>« AU4 WA2I3HB 37 J 20 262-70 Bl 8 W0AA(W4Bif,uprj
Indiana
?,4U8 43-18 A
WIYP f KARI>M» opr.)( A WB2WO J$4JU0 3D6-S8 B20
2
W2TVL 246-63 BIS fcVL'UV 74,692 539-71 B14 K^HKr l.*92 44-24A07
l-Ot Ii W2SHI 27,1 IMJgK .14,928 306-*>9 HIS WAOVlSOWAg»iVPK)
W3BJIM + WA.UVHI A2BCJK 22.018 I7ft.<>2 Bill KlDWK 3 4*734 2*lJ-ft* 53,0811 383-68 A24
SV,4i2 4«7-7 I B22 W
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K2UBC 20,853 168*63 A 21W9K' (5.fl0il 150-511 A116 K7BOY/U (4WA0 fSWj
K UAM ( + KJHUAJ B2ZOW I "7,346 177-49 413 W9ULW 10.400 I00<4 2 B09Wfl YC (4 opr».l 44,800 3b|-fr4R23
274 67 A24 W W2bK 121-M B01 WA9VW 10,340 J18-44 Ai 4
WA3GAP/3<4 op«.> WIPKN/9 125-39 B06 40,872 318-64 B21
7,416 I0.I-J6A2I WA2JCU/2 16 ,<140t nO-47 A1S K9KRN ft
^VNjLAK/i L+WNJ1 V0> 14,464 102-66 AI J WAOWKF 6^-26 BO 8 A,MH1 (n|- 4.1 A22
4.U 26 n4-M A2U W2M W2HU
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WA2GKN 10,1127 I 36-37 A WA9UI O (.924 40-26 A08
V^fand-i;.'.' WB2WU (46*34 AIO W9YR (< opfsi WV^BSR S,t84 74-36 BI4
WN2LJS* 6,600 8H-4UA2J &0JI6 38A-A7 H24 WQ1HSC(WAC1HYI Mb SVW>
'A.U'RH UI.17H4 7n4-TS B33 WN1HIY 4,1*8 7 t-A(S A S-2 Mi,233 4$5-ft7 A B24
VS.MN H24 K2KKI1 4,760 8S-28 AOn
WJCiN 87,6*25 57*1-75 H24 WA2BLX
VVtORi 71,^0 51^70 HI* K 7 ^ ?. K 2,K0fl >J-20 Ml-IK
AO 2 .
Has VV9HyM 105,171 ^I5-71B24 K0/TV 53,298 423-A3A21
WiAKt. o1,20ii 45ci nK H K2SHM 2,280 19 A07 WiYl iWAVfRVt K^WNV/W 32,«49 266-63 B24
K.^NHV nO, 714 40V-T1A WB2LRH. 1.660 45-20 A06 6ftft-7 < H24 WA0I.YO 14.880 Hi-48 BIB
57,936 426-68 B2<> tVJOXW l,f5* 41-11 AIO K9CAN 7'r>,i44 f 950 533-75 H22 WA0DMJ 71- V? B21
KMIAN f|-r5B08 W9HQ( 72,277 520-69 U22 WN0WVX Ivllt
4
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W.l/KH S7.40X 417^u tl|g WN2L. C C 986 AMI A22 WnNYJ 1.-3,716 46V-68A24 WAtfSHA 1,040 S«04 A02
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W3DVO 47,360 A70-64 B23 WA21QH S76 24-12 H04
VifJtAX (WAJIAQ, npi.) WN2LF7! 432 51-12 AI4
47.007 3J7--M A22 WR2VNR 31ft I K-11 Aoli
IV J FA 4 VQHII WN2LNB C«it 14-07 A01
WA31KH 42,840 .ttft-48 KT^ K?AVi(W»2» l>NN voa
WA3UUL 4I,&44 .U4-SA KI4 W.A^MWh)
WAJUYH 38,619 3U7-63 H23 437-64 K24
ML PL/3 36,722 3UI-6C U08 %H2ITDf^WA2LQAl
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K-ICKT H10 W e s t e r n P e n11,664 122-48 A1 %
WA3M'K 2I.4J2 HI7 nsylvania
K3iY<C 19,21)0 I 50-64 HO? K3MKK rK3AHr,opit1
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W3AWN
3A7-hH B22
IVh.SAXW 14,72ft I <MJ R07 K3V XV 44,986 346-*$ABl8
^ A3MJU 11,664 162-36 A14 \VA3KUb 42,840 31 S»6S A I S
WAJGLy 128-41 At 5 \VA3JuU 42.2T? 340^63 A 24
W11N 1I«-4<A t i \V A 3jCrV 34,306 273-61 B20
VVA.1CCF O.0R4 0S.4A ftn^ WAU1I7 31,4*4 238-64 H20
WA3LIO 7,600 II n-3D AIA V/3NEM <6,812 I 34-59 Art*
WAJLhH 20 7S-36 A09 WA3(UU 1 3.260170-39 B04
KUfcZ'< ^8-26 B12 K i ^ K h . (2,360 208-30 A 14
K3KMX M- W It | A WAiKMA (0,920 I 37-42 A 16
W3)«BKtW4TFX,i>pf.) WA.tKOA Har»Xn |01<43 A13
3, f 90 5M9 A06 W30tr 8,400 100-42 H11
W.i) in .VI02 47*4.«A04 6,460 85-38 A09
W3KSR K1-7H fu|4 WN3M0Y* 4,332 58-38 A Bruce, K8VAK, shown operating cw to the tune of
UA3LTi 2,37ft ;S-22A17 W30N 4,t68 KO-32 A06 189 QSOs in 35 sections. Not bad considering all
ttMHH 2,0 U 36-2 B B06 WN3KMY .1,240 h i-27 A14
KlANV/3 1,002 1-01 A WA3HSR 2.808 54-26 A06 that fierce Ohio competition.

68 QST for
 tVNMHO 1.432 SO-i * A l * .VPffAfrn NrwJcnfiy
WN*rrr i , * * o 4I-24A2.1
24-14 BO? W2V I 74,834 H24$27 71
WAtLWH I
\v\2i n x 39,904 B1A402-74
tVAHV PU l.rOS .14-25 Au*
K20QJ UHl B233H4-75
Q K P C H A M P S kKBPX. 1.4W 37-20 Rol
WA2KVT S4,r>iH) A21IM0-70
IVNftl'IIP 1.470 40-11 AI ^
AI4 47.1.^0 H19
( 1 5 0 W a t t s o r L e s s a t A i l T i m e s ) WNKKKI. U )4
WB2VPK 292-63 B22
37.792
WN8DLA 748 J M M M
C.Vf. Phone f» Arm 255-53 A 24
30,104
W*Vl"V 735
WA2PQK 23D-S9 BIS
KXMMH 270 I M A AO)
WA3DSZ . .101,492 K4WAR . . .119.550 WNBC.'l'TI I 62 17-06 AJ7 WZDKv 27,390 J2X-5BAI4
w a b l v t o - w m h wh> WK2JAL 20,474 n ^ K A20
K5RHZ . . . 9f>,9 8 b K.5RHZ .316,640 WA2hbC 19,440 126-45 A1H
90,424 544-7* K?4
K^AZJ K . 4 L P W . . . .112.050 WW HU CWAiBUt, WAvMQU J H.JOS 176-55 Al S
74,292 \ K,4*0 154-60 A11
72,001 517-69 B l 9 W2DKN
VVUOYI 74,000 WA4UFW . .107,821 \VA8VGK(+WA*SLW) WAJKUO 176-46 B14
WA5QXD . .10?,740 43,6*4 326-tt7A23 WB2ZL1 9,3.11 l(N4,< AfO
WA7FHW6 69,860
HUDSON DIVISION W2 bww 9,312 9 7 4 K A 1 4
W9RQM -,, .92,519 WB2EU 85 3B A13
WIDAL . . . 68,575 6,.1H4
l i u f e m Atew York W2HR 3,804 K1«24 All*
W6GEB .. . 67,669 K3HKK .. .91.437 WNtFPT* "0-25 A 20
W1BGU/J WB2NSV ^4-19 A08
W9LN0 . . . 67.600 WB4IAE . . . 84,490 103,000 bl4 2*7 <* 7A-I9 A06
WB2JYW
WA4UFW . . 66,198 K.1NWK .. . 82,584 K18HI* 1\9<I2 AMW 2CQU 2,640 ««7-20 A03
W2I2Y 35.9*4 232-56AI8 V.'A2HJi» 2,5 20 5 3-24 A14
W8VYU . . . 65,824 W1YK . . . . 82,056 WA2HAI 19,551 206-49 A20 WA2YWR 2,403 46-27 804
tthlJAM* 95-38 A H 12b »-07 B01
WA2KAN
WAJllt'l M W A«8
WB21QF 4u S<04 B01
W2JKJ "2-35 Afi*W2JVPI+W2BBK)
DELTA DIVISION WB8CCI! r M40 4,030 80-J6AI2
!3.78i ! « j : s i 3 8 B S s r 67.669 471V.70 H24
K80OJ 3.880 60-24 AOA
.Irfa/ffttt WK/lOl f A ft72
11.352 j 42-15 UOJ .HI9-62 B22
WA5SOG 16,966 J5J-56U10 W A » Y I (. WN2KIX 2.2UU A20 WB2HKH (+WH2|>R<;>
WASR re* JM J4y-4I BoS WAHIML 10,528 I12-47 Al 1 WMHIV 2,197 20 21 A03
9,202 107*41 AI4 WN2Jhl- 30,420 254-6UAIH
WN5ZKK 3,320 4»*4i>AlJft K t t g M 324 14-12 A04 WA21LC ( f W A 2 b U Y )
K2UMCJ/5 2,436 42>?V K03 WA8MOA ?»3fj4 H3-44 A12 NV2S2 I WU2DKW Oh (J)
rv,100 7 * 4 ? Al 3 71.AHH tt24 l * . 7 * o 1^7*50 A24
WN5YMW 1.1 21 30»|9A06 w m a a x lift-AO A06 V^A2bl\V(*WB2lKL)
WA5VHF 6 $6 2 t - L * A o 4 WAhllSU 3,960
wbmsk 3,952 5 2-38 A06 15,356 175-44AB21
W5S M ( I I opre.) bd-30 A l Z V^pfr City - W N J i N d OWN2JU/1
42«-7<> B24 WAtfftJM 3»6'JU
WNftHtN' 3,592 50-77 A ?l K2AU 4,205 84-29 A I 7
$4*U7S 56V75 K24
ftutt*iiinu WA6MCQ 3,380
2,132 iS5 ttlAIRtWAaUWA.upc.l
WJfctCt 75,344 5*6-68 B2<J WB8AZY 1,330 •f
7 *? 4 !??!!
35-19 Bid 7I.M94 507-71 B24 MIDWEST DIVISION
U h t l U 0S.7V1 47^-69 B22
WSRTK 56.029 422-69 A 24
WN*t'1 K 30*1 7 A I 3 W2DKM
W50B 54,332 400-68 B19 \YA«VZK K2KD Iowa
31-17 BOS w i n Y K t t .^2,435 ?5r 65 A 14
WSMQ 2K.121 ?1l»ftJ Bt8 YrNSlUl 232 74,292 502-73 A21
WAJQPA 26,71 K 2*9-6| Ht 2 YVfthBN 90,240 272*56 AI2 SL0AZJ
1*6 18,054 J77-5J BI3 W6KB 5K270 41 5-6v B24
WA5VQE 8,360 I0.M4 A I 3 WAh/7/ Ifc 7-07 BOl ^ n i A l WA^VCn -2ll.n3H 262-5* B
6IS 2Z-1S A06 J 7.204 197-44 B14
WASWRU W\W , QH (9 opn.> i ^ S A A J i WB2IIHI I IT7-4K B09 WpBSY 21,056 I8K-56 4 f 4
Mfcstw/p/v 2H,S60 15,453 (88-43 A I H WO LB 1 3,442 143-47 ACI
WUVWY l f Ktf^i U) 137*52 A l l W0Q2K 11,178 93-63 A17
14,248 1111.44 AOH
VV5KUB 100,344 660-74 B24 2^,422 I2J90 1 35-46 BL5 WAAVRM
KSAKI/ <hftv454 U24 WA&YJR (2 opiK.'i I2,lbtt 156-39 A ( n W6UCK 6.548 7.I-.18 AO3
W8H1L/S t 2I-3A H20 I 5,704 I 55-S 2 B20 W A M S 1) ,648 112-52 A ( 4 WNOYJW* 6,364 B7-S6 A22
WAHVIP(+WBM|»0F) 100-37 AOB WAOI.FN ^4-35 AIO
Ife/WHU&X •7,400
3,91)5 154-45 A M W2C/Z KSWIK 7,1(11) 142-25 A08 SYA8JYI l v « 1 5 44-11 B02
K4PUZ I0J.368 703-72 B24
tjhui WA2UUL 4,9(0 58-34 A06 K 6 0 X K (»W0LU1H
K4AMC 93.880 651-72 B24 W^LiSL'lWtirPUt. upr.l »S7-74AB2<
WA4I1CU (WH4KKr k opr.i W8QXU 109,040 741-73 B24 4^4 77-UA03 KaNMi
rt*i2*0 R14 KHHMK 5il*7I WR2BKP 4|j24 '75-33 A23
K4SXD «6,400 r>i>0-72 B24 KBbHT 52 ¥ 2ft 25^52 wimn 4,321 75-39 BO4 WplNH 7 2,5hR 504-71 B17
K4UC.D 84.024 585 72 t)?4 WBHAKW 2 K K 2,565 6b-19 A17 K^BWt 42,120 299-72 A7I
K.4LPW 73,875 497-75 1516 K8KHI/ 78,603 547.71 FJ24 WN7UKS* 46-24 A l 2 M I V C 36,0 36 28^i-63 A21
K4 K\V 7LT02 494-73 B2J WBAb-B 75,036 907-^4 H20 W B t » U Jft-16 Acil
W4SQK tin, 2 7(> 475-71 H2t W ttOVI 74,000 500.74A20 WN2IDC 1,722 41-21 A l 7 15,515 HI 5
WB4I>NN 17,J 51) 175-49 BIO W3Bt.ig/H K0PFV 27,180 220-60 A 20
WA4ZUI 7,392 » M 4 A24 WKVYII K S WBSVIA k m 37-20 AOJ WpCHi M 5 6 117-34 812
WN4LHO* 5,477 ? ? - 3 * A l 8 KKKKG 60 248 445-6AAI7 W A 2 £ M p 47.1 An4 WNUVJK*
WH4UH 3J41 51-2* Aii4 W8WPU (KBBHX.i.pf-1 WA2l)H> 216 12-09 AO I S,402 "7- "37 A11
WN4tHV 2,66ft 46-24 AIO 58,826 439-67 U16 160 10-08 A05 KOBHM 5,148 7 * 3 3 Rn.l
WN4LHK 1,759 4J-2f A 2 3 WAHSHL S7.S4U 4 ( l - 7 n AJ1 { v f ^ U K M» 6-OS BQl Y 2,350 47-25 A05
WN4NXO I.UtS 3-03A03 W8TFZ (WSKMO v *vpr«> WJ'/Pli ft-05 Aol WOSCt (7opn.l
WN4NFO 403 3 Af 7 S3,000 400-65 B23 W2TN1 30 5 03 A<12 317-5 J B22
WN4LUH 198 12 09 AOS ft * * ! b. 50,954 349-73 A2 J WN2KMA 12 .1-03 A01 WNOYBK (4 opm.)
WB4H^B(6 oprs ) W8DB 47,475 J18-75 A16 WBJZDY 2 l-Ul A 2,2H 28-23 A24
2,07* WKAJW 43J04 33 i-A4 A l ft W 2 M n M ( + W A 2 K I U ) Mis&juH
W*JH 3^840 2H0-MA2I 33,600 280-n0KlV
G R E A T LAKES DIVISION WB8ALU 283-60 B I I WA2HBPIVWB2HOM) WAOKMS 98,680 6?0-74 H24
KtHriHky WBBAlM 33,824 303-56 Bl 3 f 7,664 276-32 A24 K6I3EO 55.230 398'70 B19
W'BUAVJ Jl 3.280 259-65 Bl 9 WA.21YH (+WA2HZB) W0QKV (WAOSXV opr.)
K4U8Tf (IK, 104. K03-74 B24 WABTYE 32,886 262-63 Bl 2 I K 046 \ 45-42 A22 156 l*K-*4 B18
K4l'U 61,517 416-73A21 WRR » W 31,74 3 217-71 Bl 7
K4BAM/4 23.71 K 202-59 A I 9 WRWXO 10.716 2.16-63 A l 7
K4CKB 20,237 173-59 A ) J WHVQl 20n-h5 H I *
K4AVX H H I » 0 7 K8CKI1 230-55 AO*
\YB8B*K 25,016 213-59 A2I
K8MIO 22,572 199-57 B14
,Wichita* 20,484 196*52AB13
WB8t'Kr |riv2i>4 160-48 B12
118,675 786-75 B24 WB8CYO I 5,300 I 54-50 A24
KtfUbJ (K7NHV. opr.) WASN\S 14,542 1 52-48 A I 2
104,^50 fv9|-7^ B24 W8UPH 14,344 16 > 4 4 B07
W8HQ). ?3,7ft9 5 25-71 B20 KKVAK I . U J 0 189-35 A08
W8PC.W 70,2Rf» SI 3-70 B24 12.954 139-43 ALB
WA82L1T 69,480 484*72 B2-1 WA82TV II,918 103-51 BnH
WBMPO 54,(30 405-M K M W&tCS 9,970 (15-31 Al I
U'HVPr 4H,824 359-6H HI 5 IV 8 YL'f 9,800 70-70 BO 8
1VABVBY 42.676 302-69 A23 K8QHJ V 3 0 131-70 A
W8WVU 39,S3"* 287-6U A I 4 K8BMM 0,2110 l(Ml-46 B07
WA8WGM 36,0^6 284-64 B H WHGMK M 5 0 75.44 BIN
WRMNU J4,397 300-49 B20 7,676 I0I-3H A 15
WAfiVKB 33.664 263-*4 A 24 W8AUZ 7,360 80-46 BOH
WA8WWS ^1,218 2 37-66 B21 WABWCU l;«436 77-36 B07
WB801V 30,500 251-61 B22 V8MCJT/8 5»700 76-38 HI 6
WBUM 29,748 222-67 A l 7 W8CHT 4,973 29 A04
WAHVKV 2K,6^2 250-5K B24 W8IPA 4.898 79-31 BOA
WA8ZAV 28,080 260-54 A2I WB8DUR 4,484 69-26 A ) I
K8WSN 23.055 221-53 BI3 W8t. T I ' 4,348 62-21 A03
wjwirru 20.700 2417-50 \ir> WN8DGH 3.770 67-29 A 21 W A 7 K W C , B r u c e , m a d e W y o m i n g Q S O s p l e n t i f u l .
WA80JH 17,2tS BI2 2.716 39-22 BO I N o e x c u s e f o r a n y o n e ' s missing this s e c t i o n o n
2,440 36*20 A22
WHfK'.T |6,a18 137-57 HI 0 WN8CWD
1*4-61 B13 W U M O R 2.1611 40-J7 RO^ phone. Did you?

April 1970 69
Ufpi-JP 4K.HKO 376-6* fel* tUYUW'l 063-74 B24 NORTH WES KN DIVISION V/N6tMl» 1 MO i<*-*JA15
K5K.CII /0 l«,224 2*3-44 BIO ttfWAI 93,096 647-72 B24 V/Nftl V/ 7y h-«l5 Aui
VVAflZNt 25,806 256*51 U(7 \\ 1 UAL 68,571 441-7* A23 Atom* WH6 r02<4«>P»-1
WpKC'G 22,806 181-63 A*6 W \ I KKU 45V-*3 H24 KL7UK* 4«,2«» *nu-©7 Hiw 62,020 443-70 B24
V0UU 157-56 H20 WlBHV 3 2,336 357-72 H22 KIWAH |K71< XT,<»pr.J W6KU (+W6UU0J
V\*BV 14,i>34 J 33-49 Al 2WIFNW 47,360 322-74 A24 42,944 269.62 B12 :?,300 2<K1.47 HI*
WAOVXN I 1 33-37 A07WAIJttK 44,792 tri i KU7WV tp734 91-37 BIO WjlUVIl
WNpYBW 57a 18> 17 A15WMttYU
WMlUN 41,2*7 3iil-67 A?I Kt7^rJY
40,458 318-66 B21
5,81 I Hfm
K1I68K t KJ&Kj-. npi <2
.Vefrnztfti K7.IKK/I 32,720 260-61 A 20 fcto'iit 7 I ,K34 632-7,4 H21
'.VOWLO 7A 812 520-74 U23 WAlKAb 31,440 262-60 A JV W71BU 49,980 j
fc7n«6* HI2 KH6IJ 1,540 SI1-70B21
K0DLK/0 49,560 .i(»lMu A ill WlUJl 31,192 222-68 HlO \\ rVTKg* I I 776 1 . M o A 2ft KH6HAM 20(168 17.1-98 A21
waunvz 48*298 39|-ft| HIH KllIC A 2K,700 211-70 Hi 8
WA0DXR |n,37? 1AA»5*A14 KJOftftK 21,112 204**? Alfl \1oftaw H 2-nl HO J
WA9NSR/1 a
Nfc'W ENGLAND DIVISION 20,372 1 39-74 HI6 W7YH tW? 6I H, Opr.)
2.7*4 452-72 A23 K7KHA
i>W'5t
KANYY ItiJlOt 1*3-41 A19 M42no 5l4-7» H23
WAUri) 12,650 128-50 R21 WA Ji.^M 211,552 I M9.5A AU
VYltBY" WA1IKY l l ^ l 125-41 Bl 3 520-72 H24 W Ai t< OS ^,448 r 00-44 A14
»94,744 651-72 B24 WA22t.\V/l 74s6« 90-43 boh K7HPK 5ZXs-r *>4,H80 «iO ,H65 462-65 t»2? WBAOOUJ7 4,104 57-36 A11
klJHX 9l,2$J> 625*7* 023 WAIL I V 7,140 H14-35 A| 5 WA7Wb 17.VMJ 177-M Ail K9 VfcH/7 901 27-17 QQ4
bit VTM 4 *7,400 MLWI H24 W1KM WJI'U *,H5U 75-30 B09 U 71 T I4»*S*
W1ICTU* 5,040 (iMO B22 W7H1H IrttSU 127^0 A(H W6IHKK 01^,524 46.M4 B2I
85,607 580*73 B24 W1HKJ 3,054 40-26 A03 WA^WC I10,60H 111-48 A IS
K1fHQ 78,210 553-70 B24 WNlKKk/1* WN71WU* !>,Ci97 **l-37 AJ9 Wtoh.trX 45,4 Mi 325-70 A2I
WIWH 77,520 5l*7l» HIH WNlKflF >,024 57-28 A12 WA?tWfP/T hH-37 A I 2 W6VU? 217.55 H
•VI • CM fXtVfrS 4*5*6" R24 VNlKWA 2,430 47-27 AI3 W7RhX
1,512 36-21 AIO WA?KRH 3.210 44*26 HOH W6KYA 54-34 AM WB6VSO a,585 103-37 AIO
W.MDJG 64*963 465-69 B19 WNlU* 1,450 J5-IOA24 1,660 2?-15A04
KiGun 6 4 BO460-69 B22 WAIJVI. (.216 .»1-lHAiOJ WN7JJJN 624 24-16 AO? WA^iiiST .12-21 A(W
WIYYM" W7MLM( (7 tipraj
SK.388 4'2?-6fc Hi 5 W1WMH n4ft 1H-IH B02
kta-2ti A 2 it
\vi r r j 58,200 442-65 R23 WA1XOT
WHlKIT
520 20*13 AO?
430 2 S 10 A 11 K6"1 VI. 5H,140 393-63 B1K
vunw** WNl KZ\C J4I 17-11 A O S W6KWK 46,410 333-70 B18
54,198 WNUAA JJ3 IwwAW WAWW1 ^^.420 411-6H H24 WAmmjI W6WLV 24,115 187-65 A17
K1A3J 5\526 4«8-64 H?4 WmX(Ki(jD|\WA4TTC1 KTVPF S >,440 3H1-M A19 W6HIP (+WA60JJJ 441 26-I'v 6U6
WlLVQ** 77,400 B24 VK7Z7/W7 69,580 490-71 B23
411,600 350-6HA18 W-VJJUY fWAlUFW* 52,602 352-66 A23
WA9HHH/I" YfcWF WsgW'1 >2,J36 379-69 A 2'2 Huh Juequtrt I &Uev
46,ft 32 373*62 ft|7 tt'TNP 511,413 370-67 Hi9 WA6IVN 1U5.080 720-74 B
WMHOL 44.428 BIN 73,207 509*71 B74 IVA7JCB 48,892 360-68 B20 W6II/
WA1IQJ"
42J»«0 350-60 B WA7KDU 21,952 197-54 Ail WAbJMH ^2,868 O .
R C X1
25f>6rt A14
100-49 All
Maine WA7JK! 1^,444 150-52 Hi 1
WAJil-D 42,316 JU-66A20 WA7KWY 16,132 14*-53 A24
KIDPH 42,0Hft 325-64 B24 Xunia Chan id (lev
win* 38»74C 259.73 At6 30,680 260-S*J B19 WA7T8MWA7LfG 1
I5J9« 149-51 B13
5,1 2U 140-64 AtOK6K&B (W6CUt, «»pt-|
WIULT1 37*060 H KlfJiAX 24.261 22i- Si H11 II 8,144 839-7X M24
KIW t2.6H> 275-58 B22 A7MJ X 14,400 U4-50BIH
WAU2C 30,323 249-59 A22 \fw ifampfhrrc W 17HPK 10,600 100-52 A07 Km-Of »5JII7 4A0-7( H18
WAUJU 20,824 177-56 U06 WAUTM 101,5*6 &H4-74 B24 W7<;KH/1 WA71HU 7.888 82*42 A17 \Y60JV 32,227 241-67 B20
WAIHNK 19 u4| 203-47 A11 WlCtK 50K-67 B2J 7w-4* H08 H6HJP 27,846 221-6J A22
3M96 286-68 B17 WA7UNU 4,290 *0-33 A08 WA61VV 11-8U6 I HI-63 AM U6BV8 26,810 224-60
f K7AWB n,31H 85-J9 H16
VlAlJk.X 15,440 IH5-42A16 WIKVM A23
WtIKE*® WIBUI 14,946 160-47 B06 W7GY b 3,900 50-29 A<J2 WAoOWQ 12 031 1 33-47 A14
15.400 f 50*48 B08 W1SWX um2 IH>| B WA7ACQ 3f8iKi 5<i-2H HU5 W60KK 1IM64 110-48 A12
W12JJ 14,921 174-43AI6 /ttanj WN7MFCI* 3».Hi6 r ^ ' * ,M9 WA6NHI2 ij.SAO 80-41 A17
WlBDl 1K7UI 11 >5-51 AIOWIAM 45,6)2 366-63 B17 W7BUN 1,472 27-16 H04 WftUjU ^,408 52-$i A1 \
WlOttl' MJ52 166.34A09 WA1JXK 7,210 103-35 AIO WATi^S L539 25-1C A03 WN6HSJ* 3,840 nt-32 A20
WAlKQM/t** WA1J HW 2/J96 55-28 B O H W7WIA 1,136 J-OHAOl WN6KMV 1,116 32-18 A16
10,240 IJ 0-42 K07 wivpy iW2Ecr, waslbt) KU7M 1,050 . WN6HAO 56 7-04 Al 2
KIOOJ 9,087 117-39 B14 \\.\tl\YK 27015-09 HiH
WNLUD* 4»726 72-14 AI7 16,450 175-47 HOV WWNHS 120 I2-06A04 ROANOKK DIVISION
VYI fcFW 3,596 62-29 B02 WA7LBL 72 9-04 B05
\YUJK 3,336 71-24 A16 9^4 34*14 H03 W7CW 18 Hi ^ HOI K4MPF
WlNJM" 2,852 59-24 B02 WAilfPi+WA^KVC* n (.366 57.1-71 H24
WA1J YU 2,408 Mrli Atu WIFR 10 105 114.43 A23 WA4f KW 68,441 486-71 H24
UAILLB 1,564 47-17 Mu U 1 ?VC <ih.h24 433-7? B20 K4CAX 59,080 440-66 A24
1,002 C- 01 A WA2HJ F/l I6t200 164*50 B22 h u n c omsiON W4W XI ! 1,100 15l>37 All
7I-3RA08
WA!iAD/t <S24 26-12 HO 3 1,024 148-44 At7 K4KH
KIl'KU .^08 14-11 Bol WIMRW I 4.925 7V-J5 A09
iMtttav V.H4KH/ 2.886 <^-16 813
WN1J-OU M)0 15-12 MR kfrAHVrKM^MS^pro WN4NVM* 2,133 44*27 A1C
K1MYK(4 opfi*) Wwtern Mutui'skusett* 116,95M 77H-75 H24 »;N4MWA 720 iO-18 A10
U.708 149-46 A15 WtYEC (WA1AHSV, upl J
91.QSH 623-73 Hi4 K6PJ
WAttHMT 27J80 2sl0-60A2l VVMOL>k 494 19-13 AU9
WIAW»* (W1WPH,WAVHHH) WULZL* J7.898 157-5TBT4 WB4KPD (4 oprt.)
^4.234 .195-69 H2I
9IK3S HIM KlHHA/1 (WA11ZS 11,880 132-45 H09 4J48 i 1 2-43 A24
V opr.J WAKQ/ h,l60 102-40
Euxtem ifoflUi-AHwrii 3,ft36 73-28 B07 WA6APW 4,422 67-3) A13 iSr^brA CbffJfMtf
VMBHW 206,950 TJ J-75 H24 WAlABW/1 1*002 1-01 Aul WN6CAD" 72 20A24 K4C:»Z 44,162 313-71 A l l
KIPKQ r Dave, one of Uncle Sam's finest and a
PVRCer to boot, dropped by home for a visit, set
up his station,'threw up a quad and assorted wires
end calmly walked off with New England Division
leadership on phone. Sure surprised a few of the
Connecticut locals.

70 Q S i r for
WH4GGA 15,446 150-52 BIO Canal ?.nne
W4PF.P 3,422 59^2* An*
KZ5WJ HI ,«4 611-69 B24
Virginia K2SAT 49,704 383-64 B23
W4XFC 11M5Q 736-75 H33 Easier* Florida
fc4PUL 88,07* 583-75 B24 QSO LFADERS
W4UQ $1,734 547.74 Bll W8B/Y/4 69.302 487-71 B73
K3WUW/4 81), 9 20 556-72 R34 WA40MV 66,198 510-66 A24 (Single Operator)
K4CPB/4 73,024 511-73 B24 W4KF.T r<2,267 445-71 B?3
W4NW 66,503 463-73 Br6 W4YUU 50,247 399-63 A J7 c.w. Phone
W4DUQ 57,270 4125-69 B24 WB4UPL 40.734 334-fti A 33 K6EBB 838
K4JM 57,1 lift407-69 A10 WB4HJV 38,178 328-58 A20 K9LBQ/7 1053
W4YZC/4 49,460 340-72 B15 WB41AK 26^*3 236*57 A10 K2KIR 805 W5RUB 970
W4WKM 49,1156 39 J -64 B20WA4HDH 1 (,4 34117-51 AIO
W4DM 48,058 341-69 B14 WB40GW 10,792 142-38 HI 4 W6RW 805 K6UYC 962
W4JK 47,996 3*8-71 B22 WN4LKC* 8,604 120-36 A14 K4GSU 803 W5QQQ/7
W42M 4^816 347-69 B14 WN40NC 1,260 40-21 A23 961
W4TKN 47,736 332-72 AB2 WN4W7 J 1,176 12-08 A12 K2KTK 789 WA0EMS 946
W4KXV 43,368 331-64 B1 &WB4IQD (+VVN40C0)
WB4FDT 34.438 31.4-63 Bid 3,44 J 56-31 AOS W8SH 786 W5JAW 928
W4NH 38,<i 302*64 B14 Georjia W7DI 785 W8SH
K4Ltl• 29,848 267-56 B21 903
K30UT/4 27,35? 246-56 B24 K4BA1 10 5,2 50696-75 *R24 WA7KUW 780 K4BAI 887
WB4CTS 23.2J7 217*49 BOB 34.580 266-65 B13
WA4QOC 21,736 2TO-51 A19 K4CRY 27,494 238-59 B16 K6AHV 778 K8DOC 871
W4E7 20,040 179-56 BOSWB4KVK 2*1,775 270-51 RtH K5YAA 766 W3AZD*
W4NM 16,892 137-58 A17 WA4CZMM 24,b44 203-61 A21 864
W40BH 16,146 1 50-54 B23WN4I.2K/4* 3,100 69-25 AI5 +tied with WA61VN
W4MYA I S,540 185-43 AID WN4MBN f886 42'23 AT 3
K4JYM 14,150 144-50 A15 WA4CZM/4 24,644 203-61 Ait
WB4UA 14,157 185*39 B34 WN4L2K/4* 3J00 69,25 A(5
K4UK0 I 2,800 1 30-50 BUbWN4MHN 14186 42*3 3A2 3
K«OPW4 12,760 J 45-44 A08 Wtrthtrn 7Vrdf Yukon - .V. K*. 7\
WN4NRL* IL233 153*38 424 tyeitern Florida
K5YAA i J 7ft6-73 H24 VE8NWT (VF8HB, opr. |
WB4NDO 10,3*7 142*37 B W4UHI 78,144 534-74 B24 K5RH7 683-71 A 61,560 432-72 R24
W4JKK ] 37-3* B04 W A4 HRR 240-54 A T 5 wsguz $3,806 409-67 A 20Vh8 IZ 39,656 306-64 B30
W4WBC 4,hl2 **-54 B07 WSONU 4M,«7S 38Q«65 A17 VKWli 1 3,UUU125-31 HIS
W4VNE 9,200 100-46 B WASVSL 48.340 335-72 Bl 6
W4KP 7,304 55-44 BIO 33.480 274-62 A12
K4KJU "\2S8 -747A18 SOUTHWE5TKKN DIVISION WAsgxi) KSl' X V 19,027 182*13 A20
W4KJ 7,084 "7-46 AlO WA5VQM 10,250 126-41 BIO
W4KPQ *,5 2* 120-2<*AR18 Arizona KSYKK MAtf 74«44 Alb
K4IKF 6,240 65-48 AOS Arizona WA5KH1 4.8A4 76-32 A0*t PttUNEStmES
W4GHW 4,420 67-34 A09 W^Dl 4712 785-71 B24WNSXKU* 2,275 5 5-2 5 A18 ATLANTIC DIVISION
WB4JFC 4,366 70-33 bit vnvcn 113, 8,f>iMi MKI-43AU5 WASVUT 1.1U0 25-22 B02
W4ZV 3,633 47-28 B04 WA71HP (+WA7» fSP MAW> TVA4YW/5#J- 8 2-03 AO i
WR41MJ 2,992 68-22 A1K 109,770 747-73 B34 WN5VSK (4 <»prs.| itetayvart
WB4GAH 1,875 38*25 AOS WA7IYG (WB2BBU, WA7rt 7,072 108*34 A 34
K4BTQ 1,773 38-22 B03 WJUKH 30,150 305-50 B17
W4JIIJ ] t098 7-07 B01 KIK PKW) Oklahoma W.4 3H<jV 28,512 199-72 AIO
1,002 1-01 AOl 15,910 187-4.1 A| J ma AV 22.208
W4HM
VVM4MUX 418 21-11 AI5 Angeles KSOCX 95,032 658-73 R24 W32NF 10,080 175-64 168-.10
B06
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ttS M 61,716 445*74 A 24K3NYG 784 28-14 B03
W6RW(W6t)QX.upi.) WASWCK 14,476 l$b*47B20
121,525 805-75 B34WNSWKV* IA.OI* 141-4* A17WA3KDU<6^prt«>
West Virrfnta
W8HRQ 56,550 435-65 BI9 K6MP 75,047 531-71 B3U 6,438 U349A24
WB8BBG 39,6 T 9 310-63 AU KbBF.P 65,380 475-70 R24 Snttrhrrn Tex*it rastern Prnnvytvania
W3LYK/8 28,826 703-71 A18 WAW:»N 39.260 302-65 B33 WSJ AW 107,350 71 K-75 B23
W.NMhUH* 2.376 S 5-22 A15 WAfiCKK 28»200 237-60 Btl KSKLW 97,066 *i74-73 R24 W.ir.HM 102,81* 7(4-73 B2I
WftJWX :,2S4 33-14 A04
WMBEDE 1,560 39* 70 AI I WBfrFHM 23.3n3 192-6L BL8 W3JXS/5 47,360 371-64 A19 W3DQG WA.IhYl
90,150
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H24
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W610S :n,OII> 17.1-58 K|3 KSKK: 44,604 363-63 H32 K3TUH 81,600 6 51 «7 5 R24
ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION V WB6VZ1 19,921 181-5* A20 W5IJT 31.626 2S1-63 HI I K3HTZ 70.810 486-7^ H24
VfrHOQ 19,760 191-52 B18 W5HOT 28,542 213-67 H24
WA6KXZ 17,^52 184-51 Al 9WA5GLY 36,902 222 M H(8 KJMNJ K3LWR/3
56t8U(1 4lH>-7| BIS
Colorado WH6KPN 12.768 I 33-48 Add WASAU^ 16,641 140-59 BfO 54,288 377-72 A2I
WB6WMN 9.988 155-44 AN WN5ZKB* 63-30 A17 K3ZiUfWAitUL.
WA0CV& 100,962 713-71 B24 K5MHO/6 5,928 78-38 H16WN571Y 3,600 832 33* L 6 A16 opr.)
WflLQ 40.53S 305-67 B2I W6IPH 4,090 67-35 Btl J K51<ZC> (4 opn.i WA3CXF 2»«99rt 1HN4KKI9
W0LKW 3JJJ0 248-65 A1 3 IYRAVVK 4^44 71-32 A14 1 52,55010.14-7^ A22 W3CNB ! 4,2 56 132-54 AI 2
KUDO 31.418 2*27*67 A20 WN6BIM* 3,754 AI7
KtGVA 11,520 120-48 AO? WN6KVY 2,376 50-27 A13 W5AC I4aprt..| WA3K1 K 13.272 I 58-43 A07
78,41^8 549-72 B24 WA3t*.MQ M?UI> H2-50 A(M
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W0ATA J*o4o 26*20 A02 WftVP7 (KhKH« opr.) CANADIAN DIVISION WA3HJK 6400 8fM0 A06
WAtfSND 9K8 26-19 Bl
> 2 52(1 ?IM3 B03 WA3IKV 5488 100-28 A09
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31,4*4 27M8A19 WA6WZD f+WAoWOYj WA3JUA 188b 41-23 B<l4
38,704 3411-44 H(K I8 7A2 17**-53 AI3
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WB6QVB (+WB6KFOJ VR2BVV 17,490 165-53 AuK W i m 1638 3V-2I AU3
WSQJ H 83,460 61 7-AH R22 30^)00 253-60 A17 W 3G Q C 1248 2o-24 AH5
W5QNY 56,097 410-64 H24 W,\<iP*Y(tWB6T0S»
Ontario WA3DS2 1116 31-18 A<U
W5RVY 31,380 267-60 A 1^,448 19 4*4; BidVMfckW VK3KKU 52,935 399-65 A21 WA3GZP TOO 25-14 AO2
W 3ZVW/5 I 5,264 144-53 A06 33,150 25S-65 AM WA.4KXX W A3HK0 <WAJb
' 700 25-14 B05
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KiST 1 r 4,738 157-47 HO * Orange VI-3AIA 28.5-2H 23H-62 AI5
VVA5HOU 3,861 59*33 B!) WA7FHD/6 19,470 tn*-*9 H14 92,584 61*0-71 B34
WN5YLM* 3,456 6b-32 A17 K60VJ 4^-70 A24vE3<irt 15,930 I 77 45 Al IW3YK (WA3i Cfrh LKC!
WAS PHP 2,963 54-27 A WA6Yt:t 66.314 469-71 R21 vr IllH 11,664 122-48 A08 8037 114-31 B
^H6YBL 12'K? i l n l ^ l ^AV24^V C iHO 7,789 111*31 A06 Maryland- O.C
Utah
WAblOQ 36.600 300-61 lt/riOhl
1C,n| 7*0 30-13 A04
2J.305 l«M9A20
WA7KUW 113,1 76 780-72 B34 WA6177 18,603 (76-53 Bl5 VK.1UOW (5 nprij W3AZD 130,600 864-75 B34
WA7HQIJ MK7Q£Z> 11,952 74 74 A24 KI1PI./3
4 M<2 AO I WBbZtC1 4,970 73-35 A22 VL3B/P< +VK3COZ)
3.632 47-28 A05 6,075 127-25 A 16W3IN
|OA,8(i4 7^^-72 R23
105,448 7A8-68 H33
HOfrUfftoj? 2>522 51-26 AJH WA3CUb. 91,825 609.75 R23
W7TSM 57>kn H?t Sun Dle^o
ewan W3ZKH 46,125 569-75 B20
W7HRM 11.520 J2lM8Rn4 WAbl'BV <X5YUK,0|ir.l V'f!5llK 1 Vfc $UK opr.I W^KMV 75,<i72 »49-ft>» B24
W7HSU 3.7BO 54-35 B07 »»8, 761 7<l3-7| H23 W3ZNK "2/>«klP 515-70 Kl«i
4«I,374 369-6^ A20 VE5TT 10,090 r03-45Ar<r WA31JR 53,328 422 62 B19
WB6VXV 13,988 135-52 BI5 VLiAA(VL5iPC PK1 WA3LKM 51,930 380-67 Bl 8
SOimiEASTIiRiN DIVISION WN6NVT* 5,254 7I-37AI* >7.744 343-56 A22 V/M* WA3Cil.P 44,40U 350-62 A2 .1
WNftlVt: 1.044 i 1*1 8 A 20 KK 4i,8«r> ,4.15-h4 K09
Sanra (iarfutra Albert* U3AKW 2^,344 207.69 Bl 2
Alabama V Kit FN W3MVB 26,400 200-66 ttfl?
25it-h( A)4 W'WKKC,
W4CUL 1WU4HBJ. opr.* W6GF.H 67tb69 47fM I 424 Vfc.6VV 2 2, AO S206-53 H H07
J4,300 J44-50 BIO WAilAWB6VKN 54.315 3fl*-7f B22 Vb.6MA 16,100 175-46 Al 8 V\'
J PA 24,9i Mt 218-55 Hlb
WB41NM I3,9bi1 136-48 A1 2IY6KPJ 43,282 323-67 B17 W3AWN 24,408 236-54 814
WA4WKD 8,112 104-39 B23 WB6WKP 23 13,807 291-59 B24 Columbia K.IM'V 22,168 168-63 A
UB4LAL 7,965 100*35 A06 WAbHOM 10.105 V5V5 2te.-55 Ut7 UH2VOG/.1
WB4F0W 7.04* '>2-39 A12 WfiRMJ 1WB6DPV, 118-43 AU9VE'BDJ 10b,485 72ft-7 A H24 21,840 H^-54 Hn4
opr. J VL7GU 44,408 386-64 B23 W3JPT I 8,600 16l)«55 AI 2
WB4KSL 6|51 3 84-39 A09 7,872 TO O« 41 BO 5 Vt7AUN 26.291 219-61 AI8 W3JfUh I 5,680 160-49 K
W4UK 3,973 74-29 H VK7A0 4 <i-4.1 4(15K 3 rvi- I2.I3H 114-^1 H18
WttttKJ l,KG4 27-lfttW VK7BZA 7,032 9*4] A20 W3MFJ 11,440 MM 1 RON
WH4JMJJ 240 12 -11) BO5 WtST GULF DIVISION VL7RZ 3,000 50-30 B WAJKCP 11,280 121-48 B

April 1970 71
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K3*oi 11VMKVF 84,774 497 71 H23 Wo'iKJ I I ^1-4^ HOW 'AA0UML l/^SOBO-r
2*20 6U-21 HU? WAMIHU/M \V4<;il U,3«4 B
u ; k h iktAKiV^inr.i 7 46<J-r>8 B2» W9BCH 11,124 104-54 B
2428 34-11 KOI w « g x u 47,804 3 S3 68 B ? l WAy|/t> 10.240 1 7 H - 4 0 M 4 UfcL TA DIVISION
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IV A « i l H 1314 I S>i ( BOl HA4HI P 3i>9-h | BI4 WA9Y MIC WW 7*- .w A
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WIS MX 17 r 160 IS6-4S B H WinKN'M |+WA4t.r.'l| WWI^WfWA^ACU KHHVY ; n o 4 103-34 A
WA3JUV I "7,146 207-AW A2U 4 4 . M 6 440-&4 B?.I WXVAA 6320 70*38 H07
»A3J(jn 14,768 1 4 ^ 4 4 A fh W B Q A l t ( 7 oprt.J IV\«VK! ( (W AtfMHJiftN0/HI)J h.3Jii I. /8
SV3NF.M )3,3»n ZK840 'JIO-42 B24 4u l S72 374AHN 48U8 6U.32 BOO
ftX'N f 3,180 145-47 A12 ft'AyVKP (WA4K1HJ, WK0ZRO1 KttUOJ 4045 53-24 AO-i
W\«JYN M»32X 1 1 A t f c iV/tt^MrWH
i",477 BIO IV B8 A M.i M07
tf^m 7H74 113-34 At.4 tt*oYr iK4KGA,apr-> WA^VhBi VOX WH(h WB8BP1) 26k0 42-20 Ail5
Wi.iUW 6HK0 82-43 AM* 128.424 8$b-74 H24 43,008 338-64 A24 W&NBN 14n4 J4-2J B06
WMiikil frK4i> " " ' . i t IWH VV9kgM 92.419 645-71 A74 \\'0YT<KijprM U'BtfA/V t4Ml >4./n B?4
WMim 544H 7 > i H B KvVrV Hfh 36,027 A74 IVAftlijtt 144a 2KJEIA02
WA 3KUB 27 60-3 i AO J W 9 Z l l t 41,344 BI6 W^gXl- (1W0C2XA) 'AAKZA\' M>70 7-SL.MH
U.4KDV h AU3 39.7^0 333-60(122 f40-44 Ml | K«LI U IDOH 4-1 An J
tfiift'Wj WB8RW; HMI 21 17 Bn2
279 f h-M AOJ WA'IVNB 32. MK 243-62 B) I Xrtrrk ftahtfti WXVJl' 2 I• ( Al>l
W3NKI (6r.pr*.) Vi A ^ t ll- J 1. 186 ??4-62 H2I \VKBI t*WB8t BLA B U D
£1,328 402 64 B24 W Q K V / 24.(174 'AA9UM 34.020 284-60 Hi8 K«.80(i 62II-70 H24
\VA OKI1 f+ WN3MHY) K^JVH 2 r , i 5 8 181-49 AP4 tWAOHYKopr,) WA21VA/8 f + K H l i m
Ii» k 2t4 178-46 B27 WA9YBM 20,910 204-41 A24 28,778 2ft 2 An* .14*410 HIK

72 O S r f o r
WBHTIY t + WA^BU) 6970 MS-4 I BJU
28.094 721-62 A23 6567 100-33 A ;n
WAU^WR C7 oprt.) jg'g' 5992 64-3* H05
27.759 *47-*7 AM wBjHTyr 5888 93-32 H08
WAHVVI' J+WBIUUH ESSF 4Mhlj 78-52 A08
1 4448 70-32 BU7
Oft/n W 2DSSL CWH2TUL, opr.)
4)40 69-30 A04
KVIJUC [WASLEO, npr,) Srri?*" 3V7» 77-26 All
128,908 471-74 B24 I UK 21*4 42-26 Bol
wagXg 109,375 735-7J 323 WA2UVL 2056 33-1 o 14
W3BOQ/8 WB2V1A 1248 3»M6 All*
05,1 Oft »37-75 B24W2NBI 1240 31-20 Ai'3
WAKUSH &2,l80 587-70 K24 W2VKCMW2TNJ.upu)
KttCKN 75,480 5(0*74 B17 780 30-13 BO3
W8ALB 64£84 468-69 B20 WA2KVB 2 1-1 A
WAWRtt 456-68 B19 WA2PXU (WB2» DNVT HNW)
WB8AKU Ml,40(1 45VAA 021 53.444 443-62 B24
WA8TKW 6(1,208 427-71 AM W2AFI. (WA2 LN tJ,W A8SNT1
WML KM 45.850 345-65 A2 I 35,244 286-66 B20
WA8»U 44,640 3 10-72 B19WA2F.HJ (*W2M1>M)
WB8AKI 44.132 325-68 fc*24 21.675 215-57 Rt 1
WBftCKI 40,330 B20 WA2GUL (4 oprs.)
W8JH 36,05ft 283-62 A20 16,4(10 166-50 A20
^BSALM 33,960 283-60 913 WAJDFDffWB2WXK)
WAsTY* 31,248 249-63 <J09 ffi,p|0A 1 51 AJ 5
WRVQ1 29,8*2 226*66 818 WB2HKM CfWB7IKM)
WHIPA 207-71 H14 15,606 )t»t»-44 A24
WftMXO 27,554 187-71 A13W2JTZ < WB2EUU, WN2s USD KVS)
KBBFX 24,624 216-57 R0* I 3,500 150-45 AI9
Mb KG 23,940 194-63 A09 Northern Jersey
W8DH 22,680 159-72 I
2"2.$62 I95-58AI7
WB8AVH 22*458 19T-?7Ao9 W2MB 107.500 754-71 B24
WAftSLW 17.400 ? 50-58 005K20gj 1WA2DM^, opr.)
WAIMCK 15,456 162-48 011 83,344 564-73 B23
WA5YXI J4.f.*2 I46-53AI2 WAil'YT 'JflOO 500-73 B24
WA8ZNC 14,616 I Ifi-ftA KP K2KHB 72,489 503-73 B?2
W\*SGV 14,416 1 36-53 AOtfWA2BHJ 69,040 49ft-7i> B?2
WBAJW WB2lOh 32,512 303-56 B2 I
\VA8*TW IJ,442 143-47 U09 WB2VPK 3U,276 26I-5K BI8
t Jk>*4 12<*-4tf &12 VA2KPI 26,832 312-43 *)0
\VHT>K)
WA8REN I 2,087 ! W-51 AlOWH2I-WW M,65.? I 36-43 A06
0620 130-37 AI 2WA2CKU It.520 145-40 A10
WSSDV
WA8VLV 7371 95*39 R[7 W2JDH 5976 83-36 07
WKh/ci 72UO 10l>-36 A12 WB27L1 51 LS 78-33 AO?
WKGMK tflfti) 67*40 BOBWA2F.KX 227$ 46-25 BOS
WHAQ? H07 WH2VFX 2080 52-20 Uu4
WHBAYC 5920 83-37 \I4 WA2tUX 1002 1-1 AHf
WHIJCH S720 MOO6 AO5 WA2UAN 242 u - t i Bnr
why Ml I 5*98 77-37 A06 WA2GUV 112 8-7 AO I
K8DHT N7-31 A«5 WA2BAW/2 40 5-4 1101
K8BSM 5320 70-3K H04 WB2*X!A(+WA2WH/>
WBVZh 3850 55-35 ATi4 49.7V2 390-64 B21
witwm> >700 45-30 B WA2BLK (•^A2>.nVvWB2lHlO
wbvvpo .145! y 1 I S 2 265-64 A22
WA8VBS 2040 53-20 H02
W80V( 1920 40-24 £04 576ft 103-28 A10
WAVY Kb 1800 50*18 A06
WKKQC. 1488 31-24 ALZ
WA8ZGC IWA 2-2 0O1
W*KLVT 1002 M KOI
WB8fc 1 K 972 27 18 AO 2 MIDWEST DIVISION
KKHMK (+W4CIK)
106.^52 7J4-72 tf24 IfttyU
WftKOU (4 opm.l
93,.V4V4 <*\4-72 H24 fWAOHVP^iprj
WA8YXb, ( + WA8/Z \) * joftjooo 700-75 B24
. r \ V A ^ O N > 17,334 162-54 A15
V,AhLWHr*Vl A8LVn W4I0KY 11.05* 165-33 B06
UftKMtWIfcKYMftn ^iyu.
WHUi^lW A»NXSPLK) V B ^ B W ^ * 1 ^ 1 4 ? ^ , 331-59 A24
32,6^0 303^54 »I5 WAOVJH t+WAifc SI.U VLU)
WB8KXZ(5opij.| 33.24N 211-54A24
21,416 IHMKA?) ^dAn/f
WA8Y 1U ( + WA8YTV)
lt>260 131-51 Bt8 101 ,sn 6^8-7-2
V>$\ XA 70,560 504-70 B22
WA2HNPJ* I6.HOO 168-50 BL1
HUDSON DIVISION K^BHM |5k0|<k I^M-38 bU4 - - ••
K0PI-V 10.166 (12-46 A09
fjtfitem Ntw York
WflSPK KHH4 44-43 A09
WAfVDD HK4 AU4
79,378 559-71 B23 W^SQU7 upri.)
WIHCS1V2 t>7,00U 441-75 B17 7^*390 586-67 H24
K2HTJR 54,810 47a-5M BIS
WB2SIH 4S,|00 350-63 B
K2MPS 39*690 317-63 B22 WA^KMS 135,712 *4H-72 B24
Y.'A 2) NV 2 I J 14207-51 B14.K2LIU/9 63.600 425-75 HIS
W2K7N 8977 •>6-47 HTO WA0VJN 35(620 290-60 AI6
VVA20W 7632 159-24 AM K4HP0 tO,*>83 254-61 BI4
WA2LHJ 6726 59-3KAI4 K^CWD 1(1,784 lHfr-72 BIO
vrstx: 1 M 12-5 BOI WbTY 20,800 201-5? Kflti
WA2DFI f»WN2JKn WA0YCN 20J98 199-51 AM
17,976 217-42 AI7 W-XtflfcM 14^063 144-49 B14
8502 109-39 BOS
^ew Vt>rK C^t.v-f^nf litem' WAfZNF M04ti UI2-40 B12
IS6.960 54*1-6 2 BI5WAUlKVrB np*.ft
K2AU .54, J 44 93 J 70 6K|^0 B24
WAiQh'H 44,330 378-72 B21 93,170
WB2EXS 43,264 341-65 ^38-h4
A20
A24
\ebntskit
U2LLJ 217 65 K17 WaKHK (KyKHN.opi J
WzMN 25.92(1 203-64 HI 1 M4,064 611-71 H24
WA2VDA 24,01? 207-58 B14 5250 42*-ft5 £420
WA2HYQ j»v.«4 B14 WA9KK0 40,235 310-A5K2I* Above are but a sampling of the mariv Novice
SVA2HMU 22,3ft0 215^2 HI 5 m^K 20.126 174-58 K1 f entrants that could be found in the November '69
WA2APU 22.330 20iv-55 AI4 W Wi 18*054 15 3*59 A08
SS. They are (from top to bottom): WN2JAM,
WB2/DV 16.440 I 37-60 H09W^^RKk I 1,088 11 fr-48AI 2
WinYF/2 I <.821 138-51 All WA JK4H mv.ii 1106 D
eter; WN4NRL, David; WN6NYT, Gary, and
WA2KBk I \.700 131-45 BI4 Kf upr*.)
WNdZOF, Jeff.
\VK2hKZ M,395 126-45 HLO 147.4481119-72 B24

April 1970 73
 iVEW ENGLAND DIVISION WlWMH WA1JUY (4opr».)
l» 3 3 B01
W7GVX 10,584 166-62 RI4 WB6AUH UUv 2 171-43 A17
Cnnnevticur 9917 106-47 b
89,784 624*73 R24 WA7JOG 17,671 118-41 A07 W6VUZ
K1PKQ 109/I7S 773-75 b24 WAIKYJ (+WAI» HQS UiE) WA7KWS 14*335 155-47 *14 WB6V»C 4000 H06
KI "I Hcj tO7,361 745-75 B14 J*3J90 30B-5BB13 WA7H1L 10,193 I I 1*47 W6KYA JOM* 31*f 7 A03
Wit-BY" WA1KYK (4 opr*-J W^BFk. 5*5» 77-37 MV W6NKK 'IH7 24-11 B03
Unii4*<> 701.7* H14 23*500 23*-4U A2U WA7JPE. $294 73 37B10
KlVTM 99,494 668-74 It24 KllPBI + WNlKSn WA7LD*f*WN7MUB>
KlJHX 87,100 61 5-70 B20 8151 105-39 UlU 51,888 4|5-*w H74 W6K1P 71,394 4B9-73 BI9
WICW** WA 1KDL/1 i+WITUPl fflfttfliiqrfojr KhTVU 21,410 208-54 B08
79.480 *45~?2 B23 7|fiC IIH-J1 A24 WB6YMW 17,314 (41*61 BJ9
KKtDH 71,770 520-65 IK* Maine W5QQQ/7 WbKWt 4511 *1.33B04
winu" 140,503 B24 WAtsUyZ 3641 ?O*19A07
457-A5 Bl" K1GAX 25*-65 Bll W7BUN ^6,770 B73
KlDPB 55JiH 4*11-68 B14 WAUhX 6K40 J 31 '20 A24 WA7GWI S7»SB0 4(6-f»*t K27
W1B1M 47,712 320-74 Bit AVw Hampxtonr WA7JCB R2 I WAMVN <2*425 864-75 H
WfTC-'i 47,"20 >114-60 B21 WA7HPK ,l.VkM 237-71 Al5 WH6WQV .18,985 186-6VB1*
Sl'AliU) 18.B18 397-66AlV utllXL #1,514 59H-69 VV A71PC 30,84H 74^64 Bl 7 WA6<^ I i,565 139-45 AtO
KlASi 34.048 3oS-5b B24 W1HVM 38-7U0 irr-lij B17 W7NP 30,566 164*59 BI7
YfiLVQ** WJBt/T Sb.bQU 3U1-6I BI4 WA7MJX 19 ,¥36 f 74-57 AJU
.12,10(1 14f>»65Af6 ^4Mi 45-27 B02 b^AWB LB,57 5 1f«^7 HI I K6V<rW »JSt412 4W-61 (C13
KIOOJ J1,906 JO J- 51 b 14WA1JTM
KlCTQ (6 i>prt.) WA7UU- r »,o 1 *»U3-5A Al#i WB6^HD 176-48 Hi 1
%AUQJ" >5,023 321-57 924 WA7KHG 15,738 17V-6J Al^ W64i4V 9511 104-46 »13
27,64V 311-43 A2u RftoOf /slarttf K7VPF 15,229 141 -51 A n W6ir>u 6498 57-57 A10
WlYYM** WA7HSU 9744 lill-4« AI3 WA6NHL) 1080 3lHft A12
15,440 221-51 H06 WtVPY (WA2LBI, opr.) Wa^YK HOtf Mi^-44 AIU WA6CH1 (4Opt*J
KlLWC 21.848 2 31-41 Bll 3<IT5WJ 77B-SS Bll W**NG H800 lft(M4 Bo^ nOf315 403-75 B13
WVHHf HI WAIOG Jh.lMtl 239-AS AI7 WA71.TO 106*41 Ai 1 WB6J0H (5 opa.)
193127 iso-s.nwfi W1BFH 703-57 Bli 9160 y 1-40 Bu4 33,669 29n-taUAB
VV1ICP** W1FI.N 20,706 16-M9AI* WA7UK IV2-3M A2U
16**40 128-65 HI I WAJKZU 17,7011 A15 WA7ACU T4nn MUV37 B(l« ROANOKE DIVISION
WAIJYU 14,664 l4t-i*Aii9 WTKVfY 6280 W-40 AOB
WAIKgMft** Vermont K*CZlt 4910 S6-35A ±\<rtn <2amima
14,630 145-47 BOH W1MRW IC71ND
3120 "ij-31* AlO WA7JKY 4551 56-32 A0«
WAJJCX 13,563 207*33 Hit M'lH* 2 ml AOI 3400 A HJH.j.U 743-73 B21
H'fDfcP V4I8 |jy.,14Ht« 1VlUc/l (K1KN1,WAUURU UHlJjjfAWW (9H6 29-17 Wl? W4AICT (WB4lOJ,opr,>
VVA1HNK. M112S IH-J5A0A 74,425 490-75 A14 "A7KWY IB16 26-17 A07 41,907 J45-61 B l l
WA1JAI/1 975* 98-41 All 240 11-10 B WB4ILO 9045 101-45 AU7
Wetttm Mfuuihusera W7CJS 2.M 13-V BO.X
VVAlDJCi H300 JO0-4IAO3 9B 7-7 B01 WB4GGA ti&utk Cantiinn
UAIIIOL ijIBO 74-35 B08 KIK^P 1111,336 7^0-6Vb24 WA71BL 40 5-4 A02 41J96 316-68 Al 7
kJIVA 2575 55-25 BIS KINWB SS^74A2i WA7LOL 10 S I Aul K4CSZ 2350 4B-15 API
WAlGfW 29-11 A02 Wl Y KIWA1 A&W, opr.j W7AZL (+WWLX)
W11ICK** M7|056 54A-(»8A24 3KA0 5 JO 6 A10
LB 3*3 HO* waj VIS 29,140 315-4"J ttlV
WAIHU/1 I + WUIHHZ) WAI HF> 28,60* 300-4HA2.1 W7WLX (+W7AZII 20-13 A04 W4KFC 111,150 73B-75 BOi
K4CG <kJWUW,opr<)
?8,*S6 5*2-69 B19 W1E/D IS3-AKB1? 1 32 U
Wl >1 • M (+ WAIKOC) \\AUBX I08V015 717 75 B14
73h(1 02-40 A09 PACIFIC DIVISION W4DM 17,175 511-75 BIO
S5,660 464-60 B74 U'AlABW/1 K4PQI 76,650 519-75 B14
WA1JAU l+WAKJL) 002 I t AOL W4K21 62,707 430-73 BI9
I»k7l0 104-4* AI6 h dxt bay
Wl AW** fWlQKSt, WA9HKH1 NORIHWES-lkKN DIVISION WA^C'l-Y 41^0 300-70 BIO W4DUQ K4PC t 51,080 373-70 Bll
(444 54-1* Bltt 45«A4( 309-73 Bll
£iufcvn MasstH'imsetn .LAui br WB6VMB 1H.371 .1i)c>.fi7A24 WB4J LZ 40,689 180-71 Bl I
WfcRO* t»0A4 B W4ZCJY 40,365 31 C««6* Hi*
KlLtti It),Mi 5*2-72 B19 K1-7JDOKL7MF
SJ,i2tf 4U4-66 HlV WA6HMT 4592 56-4f A06 W 84 HOJ
IH-I3A04 WB6IOJ (WBA« BLU HDH QJD11V4TKN
33Q-58 B16
WA9NNS/1 37,(18 174-68
407-75 B2C KL7ATK rKL7iCtrVC,FSlM.7GyDl IOH.431 7<3-71 B14 A HI 4
H'AJJUK 57,576 416-66 Hi* 24,840 207-60 Bl 5 W*DOD f+W&KG) W4JK 35,018 178-63 Hll
WlBHV 43,267 2^0-73 B21 fctefiLi 5*4-70 bl4 W4£M 7a,M56 201-A4 B09
WAUor 4l,i>32 27*71 All WA6APW r+WA6l fff) WHQGP/4
KIKFH )6,000 300-60 2SQ6 W?rNt 49,100 371-65 Al 3 l<f,494 171-57 A l l 22.491 179-63 B14
WA1HOS 27,450 215-61 AU Monftitut ttomU W4BW 213141 199-43 MX
Wl AX 19,200 150-64 H VVB4MZH 113-70 Hll
W1UYU 17,177 1AI-54 B14 W7GK1- 43.5 407.44 AI ft KHhlJ •^,2X1 671-71 BIO W4Z5H 12,5431 128-49 B06
WAtFR(* I I6C-40 bU W7TYN 1 .il.f.to M! 54A14 Sevada
M4CRQ I2J16 117-51 B06
WK1PI 15,070 1 37-55 HI 5 K * LTV/7 WB4LPJ 10,868 143-38 A08
WAJ J Lb 11.692 167-40 B23 21*471 177.61 AI6 W7HWI. 33*791 164-64 BI7 W4DBW 10,791 103*48 BI3
WA1KB/ 11V-43 Hi** WA71ZR BI6 K7TT.B 19,360 245-40 B13 W4G11 X u,39n 113-46 H06
WAIJYV 1176 (17-39 A16 WA7BKW (4 upn.) K4BfQ 8788 118-33 BIO
WA1 HAG AIM L18«33 A10 ?l,B2A 533-70 B23 K9VfcK/7 tl,Al4 I33-4H BIK WH4DPU 8268 78-53 B15
M'AIFCn 7000 101-35 A17 W7NML (W7NML, WA7IQYI SMtwimtn i'aUfy 3/00 35-30A05
W1PIJ SOBl flc»7 Jf2 hn HJ2 ?2M9 55-11 B01
WALHAA 2BOB r>W l 24 H04 WB6UVH h7,746 601-71 B20 W4JIU 1504 f»14A01
KH'KY 2625 S.V15 AO7 U'86M2X 4B,940 346-71 til6 WB4BU (479 JM! HQ^
WAU-NM 1110 37-15 BOM K7WWK J4,4S2 199-59 AOR KI SOP/6 W4HM lual 1-1A01
45,96-2 343-67 fit* WB4GT1j 1M02 1-1 HOI
WA9UIJM a multioperator entry with WA9AWO,
Terry, and K9ZUI, George, shown operating, man-
aged 364 QSOs in 70 sections on cw. At right, their
QTHV a converted chicken coop I

74 Q S r f o r
W4WHC 552 23-<2 B01 X 4 A D U / 4
W4PHL2 t' I BO I 6 6 7 3 9 0 - 4 9 A11
WB4FDT(4<3prs.> WA4SSB 8651 J 0 M 2 A l l
1 1 , 7 1 7 101*87 R1A W A 4 E C Y <6 opra.)
HfesS Vbnnte 8 0 , 8 5 0 870-70 B24
west rojniw W4NN ( W A 2 Z K T , K 8 W A H )
KKQYG 8SO 25-17 0 0 7 37,824 297-64 B I S

ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION

Colorado Arizona
WIrAtfCVl
A0CV5 74,480 535-70 B I S W7CFJ 60,075 401-78 B13
WA8WFD/* W7GKY S 1,191 3 6 1 - 7 1 A 2 0
62,208 817-64 B I S W7FCD 43,677 318-69 A l l
W0LRN 53,718 5 1 4 - 5 2 A l l W A 7 I P D ( f W A 7 s ISP MAW)
WftRW 46,32* 366-61 A17 1 2 1 , 9 8 4 888*71 B 2 3
W4UDS0 W A 7 I Y O ( 4 oprs.)
44 J 84 3 9 7 - 9 6 U15 60,645 471-65 A23
W0RWJ 29,671 130-64 Bl J .
WOGW S977 7 0 - 4 3 BOO UuAn&te
K&-.K? tS°
2 WB6FRD 103,320 7 3 > 7 1 B13
W|tZV 7 8 1 21-17 B 0 3 W B 6 U H F 9 7 , 5 7 9 664-73 B14
WAtfKOCJ 18 M A01K6MP 89,424 613-72 B2I
K^MJC (4 opn.} K68EP 64,614 495-66 B24
2 0 , 0 9 4 197-81 A17 W B 6 T A T 84,270 407-67 B22
W 0 Y Q (multi-op.! WA6CXA 81,360 374-70 A19
19,350 210-48 Jfl7 WA6CFE 40*320 322-63 B13
SewMextco KaBWD 30,400 239-64 A l l
iUl 6 0 . 4 4 4 439-69 A23 S A S O S G
2 9 , 4 0 0 2 1 7 - 5 6 1319 Remember K5LZ0 and second op WA5LES? Well,
17,100 175-SOAI5
W8QLC 3 7 , 4 4 8 3 0 9 - 6 1 A 1 7 WfiHOTI 17.064 t 58-54 B l 8 they were back as promised in '69 with scores of
WA5TVO
WA8ROU
2 8 * 6 7 3 3 7 4 - 5 3 181*7
30p460 1 8 * 5 5 A 2 4
I6t740 153-54 B l T over 183K/152K on phone/cw respectively. They
14,784 154-48 A 1 8
WA5VAL 7844 92'4I A03
comment that operators over the last 12 years have
WA5PBP l l ^ ' l l w A 7 WfiJPH
become much more efficient, making it a real
WSONO ^ 7 2 5 ' 6 8 - 3 5 A 0 4 W B 6 E D M / 6
3 9 4 4 6 8 - 2 9 AOS pleasure to operate,
W8R82 4 4 8 8 68-33 A01 W 6 U Q X 2268 4 3 - 2 7 BQ2
K5FH1 (5 opus.) K6YF2 1232 36*31 B 0 3
9l,il3 648-73 R14 ^VfiCSN 140 10-7 B
Utah W6NJU 72 6 - 6 BO I
W A 6 L X N / 6 (WB6» K W O L D )
K9LUQ/7 29JU13 2 8 7 * 8 7 A t 3
I 56,2821083-74 B24 W 6 V P & ( 8 O M ! )
W7GXC 44,781 388-59 W 1 ft.*60 2 4 1 - 6 0 BIO WASVQK 7 2 9 8 90-41 A 0 3 V E 3 U O W ( V F 3 * H Q GMM)
K7AQB 1 6 , 3 5 1 2 1 6 - 6 1 A21 W B 6 S L U ( l O p r t - l WASGLY 1276 3M2 A03 16.842 221-59 A24
W7QHR ( 3 opes*) 13.024 187-48 A14 K5LZO (4 opn.)
109,890 751-74 B23 183,0761264-74 B23
Manitoba
WA7HQU( + K 7 0 E 2 > Ormxe WSAC(4op».> VE4ZP 28,674 181-S9A13
6 4 , 4 6 4 4 7 8 - 6 8 A 2 4 KftUYC ( K 9 Z M S , oprO ]11»8S4 768-74 B24 VF4SD 1 1 8 0 7 8 - 3 8 BO3
WyrmUnx
K6YKB
142,266 962-74 B24
74,970 540-70 B13
WA5UHR (+WA8WCT)
82,485 406-68 B24
AKffcf//'AfttU/f
WA7EWC 6 9 , 8 6 2 5 0 1 - 6 9 B » W&bPK 39,764 447-67 Bl 8 V E S U S { V E S U F , opr.)
WA7K0V 14*768 1 4 4 - 5 2 A 1 0 W A 6 F I T 5 3 , 3 9 5 4 5 6 - 8 4 Btft CANADIAN DIVISION S8,476 618-73 B i t
WB6ZYQ 49,344 388-64 B23 VK8TO 14.760 16S-72B11
SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION W B 6 Y B L 4 0 , 3 2 0 3 3 8 - 6 0 A18 Maritime VK5AA ( V E S s K R PC PK)
WA7FHD/6 34,K42 2 9 2 - 6 1 A l l
Alabama 3 7 . 4 4 0 288-65 A22 V O l AW 7052 86-41AB6
WA«iWFW(+WB6s A K R Y X A ) Alharta
W4CBG 37,468 276-68 Bl 6 38,740 298-65 B21 Quebec VF-6AGV 32.838 781-88 A t 3
34,160 248-70
W4HCG
ABL7 K 6 S f b t + W A 6ZSL) VElDIN 91H 27 1KAU4 VK6FK <9.480 165-86 B12
2 8 , 1 3 4 2 L 3 - 5 9 BIO British Columbia
W4DS 2 4 , 8 7 0 189-65 B 1 9 Ontario
K4MG 23*628 179-66 B09 San £XegO 28,820 264-88 B I S
WB4NCT 8022 97*42 B12 W8JKD/VE3 15,704 1 ^ I ^ B H ^ ^ 1 3*278 1 4 9 - 4 5 BOS
WB4HR1/4 WB6LXS 77,551 514-74 B20 V£3AYR 3360 60-28 BOA VE7AZG 3 0 2 4 54-2H A 0 7
3 6 6 4 87-24 A06 W6JOT 7 4 J 84 871*66 8 1 4 V£3FHg 2810 47-30 BIO
WB43MH 1 6 8 0 4 0 * 2 1 B 0 4 WB6WHM 7920 99-40 B12 VK3CSCF. 2464 44-28 A04 Vuktm-N.W.r.
WK4FOW 18 3*3 A 0 4 WA6U1L (WA2BC1, W B 6 U H O ) VE3US 2182 31-18 B02
VET8YM 1 6 8 - 6 4 K24
WB4KSL/4 (3 opn.) 2 0 J 3 0 1 8 3 - 5 5 BOS VfclJClHO 2070 30-17 All4
V E 8 N W T ( V E 8 U B , opr.J
29,43A 2 4 1 - 5 9 A l l Santa Affrra VKump 1776 37-24 AOS
1 1 , 5 4 6 190-57 B 1 6
Canal Z o n e WA6IC7 77,10ft 548-71 B 2 4
8 37-75 B24 W6GEB 4 0 . 1 3 0 303-68 A18
KZSAT
KZSlI
126.100
55,224
uprO
3 8 6 - 7 2 A I S W 6 R F U < W B 6 U P V , 2 8 6 - 6 3 AO*
KZSWJ 44,516 368-62 B09 3 6 , 8 4 7
KZSNCt ( 3 nprso WA6HOM 13,851) 1 3 9 - 8 0 B I 2
14,994
W6JTA
148*51 3 0 6 W B 6 V K N
10,600 IOh-SO BOS Check Logs
8 6 5 1 1 0 3 - 4 2 AOS
Eastern Florida W6KF1 370 3 7 4 0 B 0 1 The call signs listed below are entered as check
WA4UKW 1 0 7 , 8 2 1 7 4 2 - 7 3 A24
W4PZV ( W A 4 S V O , opr.) WEST GULK DIVISION logs on a non-competitive basis for one or mure of
94,225 629-75 0 1 4
84,490 596-7| A H Northern Texas the following reasons: (1) Failure to ftuhmit a dupe
WB41AE
WB4CAP/4 K5RHZ 116,640 810-72 A
sheet for logs with over 200 OSOs (the majority
7 3 , 1 5 0 4 8 8 - 7 8 B 1 4 WASLIW I (6,180 1 8 9 - 7 4 B 2 1 fall into this catcgoiy), (2) Failure to submit
W8BZY/4 XSZJK 104,832 793-72 B23 Summary Sheet, (3) Request to be listed as a
4 4 , 7 0 2 3 6 4 - 6 1 B 1 7 WAS0XD 1 0 3 , 7 4 0 7 4 1 - 7 0 A 2 3
WA4IIO 4 1 , 8 4 8 3 0 6 ^ 6 8 B 1 4 WA8VSL 76,012 613-62 B19 Check Log.
WB4JKV 2 8 , 4 1 2 2 2 3 - 8 7 B 1 9 WSON1. 70,142 512-69 A14
W4KM(i I 7 * 7 6 6 1 4 1 - 6 3 B 1 6 WSQG2 6 9 , 1 3 8 S0I-A9 At 8
Phone
W4WVB 4 2 0 0 6 0 - 3 5 AOS W A 5 V G T
WA|GZV/4(+WA4ABY)
62,377 467-67 B14 K1KNQ, W1ILV4 K2FO, WA2EBW, WB2TYR,
WASYAS 41,272 308-67 B17
36^432 280-66 B H W A S V Q T 38,9 34 3 1 0 - 6 3 A l l W3DQG, K7UPJ/4, W4KP, W4UQ, WA4TWQ,
Oeorgfa K5YRK 26,838 218-63 A23 WB4HYV. WA5VPL. K7YUJ, W7FO/7, W7HBM,
WASVQM 1 8 , 5 6 4 184-81 B t 9
K4BA1 132,202 887-74 B24 W f J Y J / S WA7FID, WA7I10, K8GVK* K8MMH, WA8JUY,
K4WAR f K » U Q A . opr.) 1 1 , 4 6 6 137-42 A 0 6 WBSBOG, WA9AQZ, WA9YLD, WA9YXG, WA0-
\ 1 9 , 8 * 0 7 6 7 - 7 8 A24 K 5 Y A A 6 5 2 8 9T-.%4 B 0 4
K4VUD/4 WASZUC 34 17-1 A18 CJU, WA^JNF, WA9UME. W81LH/VE6.
59,429 451-67 A24 Oklahoma CR
K4HAV 44*421 332-67 B l 7
K4&Z 1 8 6 3 4 1 - 2 3 BU2 WAS r s j 72,940 821-70 B22 WIAX, W2HBO, W2VL, WA2EGT, WA2EXZ,
Wnr Indie* W A S T KM 3 3 , 4 4 1 2 3 6 - 7 1 A l 4
6804 H1-42 H11
W3DQO, W3GHM, W3YQ, WAJJQO, K4BN,
KS1KG
KP4DCR 18,860 153-81
Southern Texas
W4GF b W4JUK, WSOE% WASVOH, W7IV,
AB17 W70YA, KL7MF, W9PVI, WA8JUY. WB8BPD,
WSJ AW 137,048 928-74 B24
Western Florida
WA5CBT 5 1 J 3 6 376-68 B19 W0MKH, W^YSE, WA^CJU. WA^PKS, WA0YGS,
W4UH1 99,086 6 7 2 - 7 4 B 2 4 WASTWT 3 0 , 8 0 0 2 8 3 - 6 1 A 1 7 WNQYSU, VE2DIN. VE3AWE, VE3FHQ, VE3-
WA4YIY 9 3 , 8 8 6 6 4 1 - 7 3 B 1 3 WA5AUZ 1 5 , 8 4 0 131*60 A 1 0
W4FDJ L I , 1 8 4 1 0 9 - S 2 A J 2 WA5VUE 1 2 , 3 4 1 112-81 B 1 3 RMC.

April 1 9 7 0 7 3
 RADIO
In the Public Interest, Gonvemence. NecessityH*H
CONDUCTED BY GEORGE HART,* W1NJM
PSfIR RE EVALUATIONS
HfeKE we k«> ugain, throwing initials around,
T PSHR stands for Public Service Honor R o l l
Vum will find it on page 7s . After a few months,
the initial* PSHR will start becoming an common
and well known as the B P L It wcins r» have
"taken hold" mid is prnkibly here to stay.
This is not to say that everybody agrees with the
way it is hnndlcd, or oven that uU are agreed it
should have been set up in the first place; but
gciiersillv speaking the response ha* been about as
c.vpected jnd the listing is attracting many
service-oriented .unateurs who pet form their
service in way* other than running up large traffic
totals.
The first PSHR lining was in I'cbruiuy (JST,
reflecting November activities. The second was in
March QST% reflecting December activities. You'll
notice it suincwhat more extensive, with type
size reduced to keep it to half a page. Of course
December activities are usudlly the peak tor the
year; 1 nevertheless, the column still come* out
larger tlum the HPl., and so the decision has bran
made to require 30 points* instead ot 25, as a
minimum for listing. As this is the first listing since
announcement of such a change, those 1113king
between 25 and 2D points will continue to be
listed, but without a breakdown. Starting with the
July is*ue, only those ertting 3u points per month
mi higher ftilt he listed in thePSHR.
* t.'o 1 mini mentions Alamuccr, AHKU
PUBLIC S
Aside from the i-uinplaints j.riMnp from a
mistake made clerically here and there, either by
the SCM 01 the minions here at headquarters, the
amount of general acceptance ot the PSHR is
encouraging. Those asking questions tor the most
part seem to he satisfied with the answers.
Nevertheless, we are only beginning. We *hil have
to evaluate the equity of points for the various
functions, establish 4 routine for reporting and
listing, settle on a cut-off for listing uhich makes
the honor possible with reasonable effort but not
so easy that it cart be achieved without enough
effort to make it worthwhile. It will be perhaps six
month* or a year before the PSHR will be settled
down ax a permanent part of the ARRL operating
structure* similar to the BPL. Meanwhile, your
iUggestions for making it more meaningful are
always welcome.
Repeaters
We have said before and we'll say it again, that
ik> new operating technique has uffered such
potential for amateur radio public service us that o f
vhf fm repeaters, /4«r kind of repeaters, for that
matter, but I'm seem* to be the accepted mode best
suited for the purpose.
Trouble is, there ieems to be a tendency on the
part of some repeater groups to be selfish about
uho uses their repeater and tor what purpose.
Indeed, some groups set up their repeaters for
strictly selfish purposes having no remotest
connection with public service and then take*teps
to see that it is uaed only by their little group and
only for the purpose.
In a way. you can't blame them. An enterprising
group of amateurs gets together and decides to
operate a repeater on some mountain top or atop
some tall huilding. They expend a lot of time and
effort, and perhaps .some money too. in locating a
suitable Mtc and acquiring permission to use it.
They muster their technical brains to provide a
suitable transmitter ,md receiver, to solve the
always-present problems of in-and-out frequencies
and identification and separation between transmit
VE3CYR reports that this is a photo of the "policy
committee" of the Ontario-Quebec net, but goes
on tosdy there realty is no such entity and this was
just a nice, friendly yut-together. Left to right are
VE3s FAX DBG ATI LK EBH CYR and nn
unidentified SWL.
QST for
and receive antennas. They climb mountains
tower* ut make (ike steeple jacks crawling orouud
the tops of Kkyscrapcrs to c m l the antennas and
install the repeater guar.
Finally the big day comes. The husky repeater is
activated by a low power signal miles away ami
relays the tpoken word to another point many
miles in the opposite direction and far M o w
line-otaight from the originating point. Vast new
horizons are opened up.
Rut what's this? Suddenly a strange voicc
appears un the repeater frequency someone who
did not participate in all the planning and who
shed no sweat and spent no money on the
installation. Right away there is Trouble. This in our
repeater, we built it, Installed it, and by golly no
une bat us operates it! So beat U, burnt But the
interloper replies that the amateur bunds are free
for all to use and nobody, whether a manned
station or a repeater, pre-empts the use of any
frequency. The repeater group then finds ways to
prevent the repeater from being activated by
anyone but the members- The interloper slaps on a
carrier, interferes deliberately with repeater
operation. More trouble, threats of Legal action, or
maybe just nose-punchings. In any case, the
situation deteriorates and amateurs fight among
themselves. A fictitious exaggerating but similar
incidents are not unknown.
Perhaps what is needed is a codc of ethics for
repeater operation. There already is a directory of
repeater frequencies, although probably not
complete and very changeable. ARRL will include
public service repeater frequencies in its net
directory, issued once annually. Meanwhile, shall
we give some consideration to a code of ethics to
which ail dedfeated repeater groups can subscribe?
For example, tu begin with, a rule that any
repeater may be used at any time for a public
service purpose; then perhaps rules regarding
interference with repeaters, intentional or
otherwise, priority of use, conduct and language.
We might even sot up voluntary sub-bauds to be
used exclusively for repeater transmitters. Worth
thinking about? Your Repeater Advisory Com-
mittee has thought about it, but needs your
assistance, so keep it advised. Committee members
are W0CXW (chairman). VV20DC, W4GCE,
W5VPQ, W6GDO, W6MEP* W7FHZ, W9BUB and
VE3ADO. Lefs start a new slogan: "Repeaters for
public servicer* WINJM,
Public Service Diary
On Nov. 13* amateurs were called upon to aid in
the search for two wmtien and two preschool-age
children who had become lost in a large area of
virtually unmapped sand hills in Washington
County. Florida. The ladies had left early in the
afternoon and had not returned by dark. Although
the darkness hindered the searchers, most of the
area had been covered but there was still no sign of
the party. At dawn, a private aircraft equipped
with 2-meter fm equipment joined the search, but
just aa» it began flying a grid pattern over the search
area, word was received that the lost persons had
been located. AH were well, hut had spent a cold
night on the sand dunes. Participating in the search
April 1970
Wisconsin SEC W9NGT was presented with un
award recently by the ll.S.Weather Bureau for his
work in establishing and operating a severe weather
reporting network In that section. Left to right are
W9KWQ, a meteorologist with the Milwaukee
office, W9NGT and R. W, Harms, Director of the
Milwaukee Weather Bureau, who presented the
certificate which was signed by the director of the
Environmental Sciencc Services Administration.
were W4LXK, WA4SRR, WA4TUO and W41KB. -
W4IKB, SFC W. FUl
— i i , —
At 0 7 I 5 Z on Jan. 1. VE2APT wa* returning to
hi& place nf employment in Dorval. Que., when he
discovered a collision involving a cur arid truck.
Using the VR2RM repeater. VE2AKM was con-
tacted arid the police were notified of the mi&hap
that was severly hampering the normal flow of
traffic- - VESA Lh\ SEC Que.
• * * —
Beginning in the early hours of Jan, 18, the
Hood River Valley of Oregon was stricken by an
extremely severe ice storm. Temperatures had been
below freezing for *»cveral days and more than a
foot of snow was on the ground; to complicate the
problem* warmer air from the Pacific moved in
causing a two-day deluge uf freezing rain. Ice
collecting on power and telephone lines eventually
caused ninety per cent of the valley to he without
necessary utilities.
On Jan. 20. WA7KIU left for Parkdale in the
hardest hit part of the valley to set up a 75-metcr
station <it the fire station in that city, while W7J 4.B
alerted other local amateurs to begin monitoring
the state RACES frequency. A number of priority
message* w e r e handled by WA ?a CXI EZi N H N
and KL7CFR/7 during the several days of the
operation. WA7KW. EC Hood River County.
Ore.
While mobiting at 1400Z on Jan, 30, VH28PF
came upon an accident at the intersection uf the
Dccarie Expressway and the Trans-Canada High-
way in Montreal in which three vehicles were
involved and several persons were injured. VK2-
DFK replied to the call put forth on the VElMT
repeater and the police were summoned. - 17?-
2ALh\ SEC Que.
77
 PtiNic Service Honor Roll
January W o \V7oso 10 5 n
[tf 16 1
:*his listingfatqv^iluhle* to nTfljleuh Hhosv public tt-rvice S
purlnrnuuiir Murine tlw vfUmCh <r dieted ijuaiiftri fur WV2VYS Hi 16
point* nr more fcitel in the nine categories bHuw I'w fnrm IVAfRKA 10 * 4 12 S
VIMHS or submit equivalent information thnuiKh Ywiir A W. VLS&C t•1 16 .f 2 $
Sec p.ige 75, Nn\. rvr <S<-Ullv VWmm n"te lYMJVI. 10 16
mu^imuRi point* for cuiti t;*tegi**. Wll-MI 10 16 tz *
WSJ MM U1 * 1? \
/-V /•V W5QWJ <0 J to f2
itoxJTs. III I * 12 12 2» J YtoMf* Ml 16 12 *
WAKI-UW 10 4 12 VI lQ Hi 4 S 12 b >
WAiH/vM lv l » i i 12 I s f<4 SK1V/W4 10 S 14 IJ >
K01VB 10 \2 20 64 WAJkJKH fi s u 17 12
\VH?fc KH III 16 I 2 17 * r>4 WH4IMW 10 1 Ift s
Wft KN X Ml In 12 M <?4 \VI KVW 10 16 s
tt'AHf.TX in I * L3 I 2 \ »l WAJHSN 10 10 12 *
I" US i: Ml WKUh
*i> 10 1*
WtylAW to 10 W i i 5 Ml (6
WA2I-K/ I<1 16 12 12 MS Wir'KS In 12
13 *
Hi f
VALVAL JO In III I? 57 w-ipro (0 > Ift (2
wn 10 ] 2 17 12 ** V/IPI/SC 10 16
12
\
WAlHUL I'J l«t WA7KOB 1u J 16 17 \
IV4UGU 10 I * 12 I i 65 WRSALU
** 10 5 1*
\YAs\ Nt> In 16 U 12 VLIAMK 10 16 13
VVA.3I VJ5 10 1* I 12 54 WAlJKJ M> s 12 12 A
W7Rl> to 16 a 54 WAJBHJ l- V 4 12 \
WAflOfc) t6 12 6 W4IJU 111 ^ US 13
wsgctz hi 1ft M n 53 WM IKY 10 1 Id 12
KlhSti 10 16 6 12 53 KISXF I t It A
KJfcNP 111 h 12 12 5-2 \\i\2DQJL Ml 1*
** 17 15] SVA21 bs
WAMIQtt 10 12 &
10 16 12 SI W.1NNI- h 16 12
WH4hur lu h 12 WSMF X 4 ll> s
WHIM! 10 let J 12 SI W0PAN 10 < 4 12 *

W01CX lit 16 13 K2ULI (2 12 \

IV3MTA ft! n WAailkM 10 s rj J
WAiJVAS 12 V 15 .1 K2SIN 5 6 20
WAJAKH in I6 12 4ft WSVi I S h 2*1
Willi* Hi (ft 1} 4H W701I 6 5
V'/AbKOF (0 16 12 4h
4ti WAILL8 10 < 12 $
WMWJ 10 13 b TOZ7 I'J 12 S
K^NHl In Ifi c 4*
let 16 12 4K V.^KZT 10 5 12
WAHVNU WA II Vt 1
h 16 12
ft? Ktt 10 1ft 12 46 11
t> In 12 i * 12
K.2KIK V\7L.»K 10 \ 11
W1HKJ to I* 1-3 •t
Jf> IJ WAKMHO X <T 4 0
W'iQC .M
WA3 U'U Ml M> 12 .IK Phr trillnwng station* h^i points tomU btrtwem
WJKUN 10 In U Jh i-j |yimn. Kr^nnlng mth the July iuu« nf (WT. only tbo«
n i a •l 12 tU 3* HSUK t'ldimantu with rotnl* iO atid jIh.*c vwill ba IrtteU.
WtLKLi 14 I> 12 ttf WAinRfT, K 2 K T K j k7Wl a (i, W J U P H . W A f V I S ;
W7JVY 10 lb 17 Jtf klHH, WMIVY, V/HAZ1.K iV^AAU: 27:
K-'IKt/l In 16 12 IK W I T X I . , W A 2 M 1 I , V W O y i , W A 2 V Y T , W ^ O l U , W A ^ I T I T .
10 La 12 JH WAtf V Y V ;
WA.SDUL tt'TBHK VVA2IUX, «2PHY,
W4H/./I 10 16 12 >1H WA1L 1 L1, W A H K U < I ! WjlTM, \Y6»JCJT, WTCAk t W f N I K .
VKUIT M> 16 12 Jh
10 Ar-r ^hvcklnv uitn t * nets; <2) Lh^VJni
VK1RO i* 12 35 into phnnr/KJTTY iwtas Nt'S «>w m-U; (4) Ni'S
'If f*
ttAJWfS .*? phutif/K'l i V 'it-ft; iMTformfnfr I m n . <*f ( r ^ phone
K2KIXJ 12 12- patL-henU?) miikina bPl ; hnmlhnj «moiBetu j' traffic;
WAAt'Ml 10 12 .17 icrvittfE ak nee manug^t.

On Feb. 7 while traveling five miles northwest o f
BilUngft* Mont., VV7MBV discovered an accident
involving a cur and si truck. Using his mobile rig*
W7MBV called for any Billings stations on frequen-
cy. K 7 C H A and W 7 H Z Y an&wered the caU and
although they w t e ulso mobile, they %\*ere able t "
stop ut a teJephone to contact police. After the
police v,«re advised, W 7 k Z Y and K7CHA contin-
ued tm their way eventually arriving at the accident
siene where they helped to direct traffic until the
highway patrol arrived- K7CHA, who hud heard
the original transmission hut was unable to answer
immediately because his transmitter was turned
o f f , atood guard on the frequency for any further
messages, - W7RZY. SEC Montana.
••• • • • ^
proportions. It was *oon realixed, however, that
communications for such a large operation would
be difficult aud amateurs were asked to tend
a&ustance. A t nooti on Feb. J* the Oklahoma
Phone Kmcrgeucy Net was activated with WASfcSN
acting as net control. W A 5 K F T was operating a
station that had been installed rn the rfate'*
department of health headquarters and xmaay
messages concerning distribution of the vaccine
were handled* In some areas supplies of the vaccine
ivere short while in others there were surpluses;
amateurs were used to transport supplies and
alleviate the shortages.
While the state-wide net operated, local nets in
each of the three largest urban areas o f the state
were also doing their part, l a Grant, Garfield and

After an uiithreak nf German Measles In the Kay Counties, the Enid Amateur Radio Club
suuthwest corner of the «tate t Oklahoma officials handled communications for the county health
decided on a state-wide inoculation in an e f f o r t to offices with more than fifteen amateurs taking
stem the outbreak which was reaching epidemic part. The Enid repeater was used t o great advan-

78 QST for
tage with WASOWO carrying out liaison between
thJs group and the net.
In Oklahoma City, more than thlrty-wven mem-
bers of the Oklahoma City V H F Club turned out
tor the operation using both the 6 ami 2-meter
band*, WA5F.QW acted as liaison for the two meter
net while W5GBB served the same function on six
meters,
fn Tulsa County at least sixteen amateurs took
part, most of them using VVA5LVT, the local
repeater, W 5 0 K , the Electron Benders ARC1, was
used as control station and also curried out liaison
duty to OPEN. Operation in this »ren wa* directed
by EC W 5 D F Q and his assistant K5ZCJ.
Nearly 200,000 children between the ages of
one and eleven received inoculations during the
campaign. Telephone lines serving us the normal
communications medium for the department o f
health were v u m overloaded and were all but
useless* In some cases the state director spoke by
phone patch to local authorities to expedite
procedures. Eventually nearly all details o f the
operation were being carried out through amateur-
supplied communications. - WAfFSN, SRC Okla,
i t » —•
During the month o f December. forfy-.six SEC
reports were received at headquarters, encompass-
ing activity by 16,307 A K E C members, 'I his is a
decrease of one report but an increase of L74
members f r o m the same month last >rar. SUctions
reporting were: Ala. Alta, Arl?, Ark, Colo, Conn,
Del. EFI&, EMass, EPa, Ind, Iowa, Kuns, K y t L A ,
La. Mar, Mich, Mo, Mont, Nebr, Nev r NMex, N L L
NNJ, N T e x , Ohio, Okla, Ont, Org, Que, SDgo, SF,
SCV, Sask, SC, SDak, SNJ, S l > x , Tenn. Utah,
Wash, WVa, WFla, W N Y , WPa.
A total of S I 5 SEC reports reached headquarters
during 1969, a decrease of three from the previous
year. More startling than the decrease in total
reports, however, is the fact that reports were
received from only 53 different sections during
as compared with 55 in 1969 and 57 in lvr»7.
This means, of course, that fewer SEC* are
reporting more often. This says a lot for a f e w
people, hut doesn't do miiuh for you other «uys.
It's getting so it is nearly possible to do this report
each month without bothering to keep a tabulation
- the same sections are always represented. This is
not to say w e don't like having some SfcCs report
all the time. We'd just like to hear from the re*t of
ya at least once rn a while. Sections having record*
of twelve reports during -ire (figures in
parenthesis are the number of consecutive years
the section has had l o o percent reporting): EFla
( 1 8 ) : SUak ( 1 0 ) ; Alta ( 8 ) ; Mo ( 6 ) ; Sask <5); Colo
( 4 ) ; EMass ( 4 ) : Mont ( 4 j : Ark ( 3 ) ; Mar <3J; Nebr
( 3 ) ; Que ( 3 ) ; SNJ ( 3 ) ; Utah ( 3 ) ; Nev ( 2 K S i : V ( 2 > ;
Tenn ( 2 ) ; WFla ( 2 ) ; Ariz, EPa, tad* Iowa, Mich,
Members of the Marion (Ohio) A R C set up a
message booth at the Southland Mall shopping
center on December 13 and 20. A number of
messages were handled but it was felt a larger
number would have resulted had there been better
publicity for the operation. Seated at the operating
position, left to right, are WN8EGJ, WN8ECY,
WA8QIX and W8TV, while WN8ECX, W A 8 P 0 A
and W8TSV look on from the rear.
Ll 1 9 7 0
In Emergency »..
M o n i t o r your local emergeuey net fre-
quency.
M a k e contact with your local K C or U O .
T a k e immediate steps to follow any pre-
arranged plan*.
S t a y o f ! thn air units* ur until y o u arc
sure y o u can be of assistance.
In widespread emergency monitor
W l A W for latest bulletins and news.
NMex, N L I , Ohio, S t , and STex. Those sections
missing only one report during the year were: Ala,
Conn, KKy and N T e x .
T r a f f i c Talk
WB4GTS points out that A R L texts with non-
existent numbers are still occasionally coming
through, mid can uause a lot o f confusion. Case In
point: messages containing A H ! , b l K T Y O N E and
A R I . F I F T Y FIVE. They are not on the current
C O Form 3- What do they mean? What doe* a poor
unsuspecting operator do when, having been asked
ARL1? and responded A R L , knowing that his trusty
CD»3 is in his desk drawer, he finds that the A R L
text given him is not on the form?
Welt, this is what we get f o r fooling around with
a more or less "fixed 1 1 list o f texts. But everything
change* and obsolete material can't be carried in
the literature forever just because occasionally
someone uses an nhsotete form. What happened
was that many years ago (must he sit least five)
form CD-3 wit* revised to eliminate eighteen o f the
numbered texts then on the list which were never
or seldom used or which were just a different way
of saying the same things raid by other numbers,
For etiimpfc. how much difference is there he-
tween "Merry Christmas and Happy N e w Y e a r "
( A R I . b I FT Y F I V E ) and "Wishing you a very
Merry Christmas atid a Happy New Y e a r " ( A R L
F I F T Y E I G H T ) ? So the former number was
eliminated. Others were eliminated because the
translation was hardly any longer than the text
number - for example, '"Wish you happiness" isn't
much longer and a great deal easier, to send thatn
" A R L T H I R T Y SEVEN/* Altogether, IK number*
were eliminated from the list, in order t o make
l 7— .:•••] v : --I
- .' •• •
^ . . . . . . -
g-'WKtfsr.rs^.. .
 room for the addition of 1 2 new numbers, ftonerof elay ur electronically, keys your transmitter.
the numbers was reassigned to a new mmrting* Steady signals are required for 100% success in
\ll the new texts were given new numbers, not this, and often QRM or atmospheric or other
previously as&ipned, to make sure nobody could electrostatic crashes uiJI bfot out something, hut
delivery a wrong text- The new CD-3 also listed,it^ at still n device Mrhich lasry (or gla*&-£irmed!)
the bottom, number* that had been eliminated, operators might occasionally use. WINJM.
alone with existing texts that could be substituted.
Then along came the military WTX numbers,
which wvri?adopted as standard ARL texts by
Hftreement with the three MARS services CO-3 had HK vss POUNDKKS LMtUF
to be revised again, to ;i<Jd 12 meanings. Conse- \\jno^r^><| |ipi C*ruhK'M9%t<* J»nuirv Iwitc
UUentty, the orosv-referencefist was dropped. rati . . VJTifr fWr± fW
The newest CD-3 was refoosed in Sept. Since f»«>74 S4j
it does not contain the cross-reference* and since tt .Mill 40T I44f. C40Q Ifl? 17
what happened to WB4CTS could happen to yoti, IV ^IW W A in AN . . t * IT <
. 7 IO
IMJJ Ofj.t sv IMMI
we print the cross-referencc list herewith, Clip it 1 j 1 "tu oOK 1 /Mf
. , 1
*

out and post it at your uperatine position - or.it '^iyn . . 14

^ 47 t
>un don't want to deface yo\rQS7\ make a copy . . n ••n* 728 l.s0 1470
of it. x
[ v . . M H<M
. 't fVI 1 Mnl 1? 1371
KSUNH ft IJiH
Deleted ARL number Substitute ARL number . I '7 4I7 12«0
K7KUU W
MVK THREE, WOHbY m 1 S u2 45 i •V 11X13
KIGHT SIX WJVK M ittov
Jt.N KLEVtN A
' AXLIX ., , 114
A
' 3-(.ML 4r»7 J 7 idin
*
FOURTKEN 1WELVE OR SIXTEEN Vi'VNU . - , J» -Ivn 1
11 m i5
SBVRNTKhN EIGHTEEN WAH ; MO • . 154 (74 - , IV » 1J -<
ir1
H7>1
IHIRTY THREE THIRTY TWO Wrfum . . 4V1* Ml hSO
3* uu It
**
FORTY FOUK ^ , .1 > ! .•.A A <I7
KORTY FIVE or FORTY SIX W 0 I
N I I 1 A • r
v i
KM r^t* S17 l<,i'n u 7 JO
FORTY SEVEN U^ V A
M i|M . . S , . M il 0
nntf
FIFTY ONh FIFTY TWO w ^ M ll
.i
\\
. . in 1
.14 l.«
till*
M4
MFTY FIVE HFTYFJftHT ^V 111 301 0 ft 14
FIFTY SEVBN FIFTY SIX Jul 275 7 ft 2 ll
SIXTY TOUR SIXTY THREE U1
•Ali 11/ tJ iu k » 277 2 7 7 ' 4 1 ftl?
SIXTY FIVE If 3*4 :7* .1 M.t
MFTY THREE A
' A1HM . 576 :7<i
SIXTY SiX SIXTY ONE . • 3 ; 3 *
4 7*1 nil*
Vi-vr KMK 177 7H tail
'.^Vy rci M il
V , *M IX
' • . [1 4 U H t 4
^

New subject: Nice fetter from S.O. SEC WA4ECJ Ml i-10 tu

talks about "shotgun" technique* in handling VA.' IKOL M I.'II 5W
traffic. "The sending operator first transcribe* his iVt+^'ftr . ?v 7 «
-7 A
message on audio tape lit a given standard speed, WAfinlL 1* |MD St.
then plays it back at double speed. The receiving K JK . . 1 391 M I
operator reverse* the process, copying at the higher \\ H6KHU ' O Z . 17 2S4 £ .it ?7
207 ? :4o ^
. Hi 4
^ »

.speed with playback at his leisure thevfower." • • 1 t • V JO M Si 1

W J H K K
•

Using this method* Dick, speeds of 240 wpen . , M ? 48 M

. M*
»r<* easily attained. (40 175
He's speaking of voice transmission, no doubt. A ViOt<l| . ., . IK 1 Ha M 51*
few year* hack we handled traffic by this method U SfrW^I . , 11 r.
^ H •«
M4
J «
Kith Kt»EWY, and later with W1SMU. hy lw, WlK ' XJ n ?50 f
(What ever happened to those fellows, anyway?) It WMhV •M.orjtet-(1iun*OriCO
.
4^ 5i f
Worked, ju&t fine. However, it doeuTt realty suve ' pe
ri tot y *l
io &
anything but on»the-air time tit actually requires . \:\ M riw
more, operator time on cw), because the operator Ill'I i
i«r Ic i u .ir
has to make the recording before he goes on the WA ' *\K9 inn WA3HHT I4t V/jnj. (ufc
air* then .send it on air, and the other operator ha*•k AAf>hY7
tH i * in * V
.
'
-V4LVI 141 V.i»r'TK tm
K2 HWJ I .IT
to receive it on the air and play it back later. It hatt s \fMMV .y
:N 2UWV I.U -M
the disadvantages of not being able to get "fills" if *AM | |i 1*1 A ' .UN 13? V ' J/r Inn
ktfkUU Iu4
any part of the message is tosh but WA4ECJ says W /
' k1HftHi tin K7ITH ilt kSMAl 102
that reception is actually enhanced in the playback .V - <*MI 'AA'itXA II* Y TU.MKU liKJ
' 44MM lii> tt.MuMA liHl
because the audio frequencies of interfering signals 'IVIJMP.I H* T^JHA rill
>tA>i
.and QRN are cut in half. One other factor miftht hettAUUi. IS> W II Kfr W m uahiwl n« I'
M K ep
t n ft:
0ftPKA Oiti t I 41
II*
considered a drawback: both ends mu&t have tape k.HUO IM iV»'II I' Ml W Mti I'Utac.i 110
recorders turd prearrange both the transmission and WlM.kt'.' 144ttAtfVVVNO -MHOI (l*c> U U S IM
reception. On voice more on-the-air time cun be U 4 M > Y H»
H
saved than on c*v, since the message may he Mow-1 haiKKtt Operator Station
transmitted at reading speed instead of writing K4LM ' 1 Zin k4(IV 2IS K2O0J ISCI
speed. Hh. hi lions («m Julv Tmah rjtilp.wt hw hcen
^^ n^eil m h ' ^ s<i|(«>*iOft 4iMfeeurt mtk*t mnmhv l»Nn
Another procedure that might he useful on cw r'V.M Il'i K«JMh
lh« ttHI t* all ^uutr>im m United StmCec,
hy using recording Is to record relayed messages • .it.'tda and tepurt in th^ir KtM ' 4
directly from the .sending station ami then relaying ">hi ^"0 ' 'iriuiin 1 >fniltion ^nil ildivrnr
over your transmitter using his fist. Interesting? AIL •hitim t l mi nrrnnrtjt.u . jkiiJar in>>oth- Al nwdui^ mu
lrd nn sm i nkm fr»qiitnuei 4K hoiiit nffacelpt Ifl
Sou do is record the message on cw as it is being ihoiiu d AKCI rorm.
sent to you. When you relay it, vmu play the
recording rata a rectifying circuit that, either hy

80 QST for
 National TtafJIc System W 2 F R reports things going wry
PreJJ on 2 R N , at least representation wfae. W9HKY bays IS YOURS ON FILE
several people un 9RN are due for certificates hut he is
switching to a new method nf Issuing wallpaper and requesU WITH YOUR Q S L MGR
thnt operators be patient.
January report*

!
Net Rcxxfans Traffic Rate Aug. Rep (%)

fcAN 4J 3J92 1,500 76.6 90.i

CAN 4J 2194 U174 St.7 I00.fl
PAN 41 23SS 1.255 5J.7 100,0
t RN 74 1 . 7 2 0 16,5 ftj.e
2KN1 5K 546 .744 0.4 95.5
3KN1 A? 544 .435 8,8 9*4
4RN1 47 429 .414 9.5 76,9
RNS 76 1351 .531 1ft.fi 97,1
KN6 80 1?5J ,5U7 15.7 95.0
RN71 62 741 .M0 10.9 5 3.0 .4. R, R. L, QSL Bureau
ARNl Stt SOI .3«4
9KN 80 810 .464 10.1 9|.9 The runction vi the A K K L g S L Bureau \s t™ facilitiire
TENl 62 93.1 .586 15.0 89.9 delivery to atiuteunc In the United States, «U poaseastoi^ and
TWN* 53 311 .306 5.9 79,? Canada, nf those QSL cards which arrive from amateur sttitlonH
Sections2 . . . .2178 16*96 7.R la other parts of the uurld. AH you have to do in v n d ynur QSL
I C C Eastern . 1913 1450 niatugrr 'vrr (tec helow> a stamped, self-addressed envelop*,
TCC Central . 1022 qhnut 4 % hy ^ inches in si«ef with youi u*iut and address in
i c c Pacific • . \ tvpa l S6t> the ufrtial pluca un the tTont of the envelope and yotir rail
printed In capital letters in the upper left-hand cornet.
Summurv > , . £7LV Cards for stations la the United States and Canada should be
Rccord . . . . J06J / 5.* 5 Max to the proper uall area hnreau listed helnw. Recent chances
11ft70 S E T information Dul Included, ate in bold face,
j e t t o n and local nets reporting (63>^4 Q C E N , OSSR, RN,
UKN, F m i k U a Co., Central Ohio <Ohio);WMN ( M m ) ; CM, W U K l . W A l i W N I 1 - Hampden County Radii d i c t a t i o n , Box
C P N (Conn.); P T T N , CPA, E P A E P T N (Pa,); N C N ( C a U ; UN 216, Forest Kirk Station, Sprinfftield, Ma». 0 H 0 « .
(N.C. and S.C.U M T N ( M a n n WMN, WSSB (Mich,); P V T E N Wa,Ka,WA2,Win.WN2 - North Jersey I3X Aann., PO Rok .<0*.
(N.J.)< VSBN 4 V N , V P N < V * ) i WIN, WSSN. WSBN, BWN, Kidgewond, New Jersey 074St.
B E N (Wisc.K K C A T N , K Y N , K T N < K y j ; C C N (Colo.); 1 L N WM.IO.WAXWW* - kwe luebemiiin, W 3 K I , RU l« Valley Hill
(FlUl K L 1 P K , N Y 8 (N.Y.); QKR ( K a n t ) ; T T N < T e i . > ; S S Z , K4 m Malvern, Pennsylvania I9J3S.
D b Z ( O k t a j ; BSN (Or©.); BUN (Utah>; W.Qua. V I I F ; M O C T N W4PK4 - H. L. PsrrUh, K4HXF, KH.» 5, Box 804, Hickory,
(Md*»D.C»)t WSN (Wash.); 07!K <Aik.>; QJN <tad,>iGN, V B N , North OaruJtna 2»6<JI,
F M T K , F A S T , F P T N , Q F N , T P T N <FLs,)i P T N <M«.>! G S N WA4,WB4 1 WN41 - I , R. Baker, W4LR. Orange St.,
(Ga.); G B N (Ont.j; MSN, MSPN CMlziu.X; MSBN (Mtaaj; Melbourne Reach, Mnnda J3V91.
RISPN ( f U . l ; ABNR* A E N H , A E N O , A K N K , A E N T ( A I M W5,KS,WAS,WNS - Kenneth bbell, WSQMJ, Jtl6 K.esterfield
S T C C function* not counted an net sessions. Btv(L, Enid, Oklahoma 7i7iJl.
Transcontinental Cor ph. iaiiuury Report* WAtKAtWAb.WBa.WNfil - No. California l)X Cluh, Hov 1 1 , Los
Altos, Califnrnfn 94023.
Out^f-Net W , K T W A 7 f W N 7 - Williamette VaUey DX Cluh, Inc., P n Box
A rea func lion* Successful J >affk' Traffic 555. Portland* Oregon 9721V.
WSlK*,WAft,WN8 - Paul R. Hubbard, WAHCXY, 931 Market
St.. Zanewille, Ohio 43701^
Kastern . . . . 191 96,0 3993 I45o W9,Kv.WA9 1 WN9 - Ray P. Birrtn. W9Mtk„ Box 519, rimhurat,
Central . . . ,123 92.9 2154 1072 Illinois 60126.
Pacific 160 «6.2 3132 15rif> WOiKfLWAp.WNa 1 - Pes Maine* Radio Amateur A^ndatinu,
K.i Box 1 M Moines. Inwa.
Summary . . , 474 94,7 92A9 4038 KP4 - Alicia Rodrifue^, KP4CL. PO Box I Ob I , iiaii Juau, P.R.
The T C C Roster: tatm Area (W3EML. Dir.) - W l * B I G 0INU2,
NJM W C G Y K 0 , K 1 K S G , W A I J T M , W2s F R O K I PU qt-\ - Gloria M. Spears, KZ5GS, Bov 4o7. Balboa, Canal
K2K K I R R Y H , WA2s C A L HMO ICO UWA. W 3 E M L , KHft.WH/, - Juhn tL Uka, KH613Q, PO Box 101, Mea, Oahu.
K 3 M V O , W4* N L C RQQ UQ, W7WST^4, tt»S I X i UM. Hawaii 96701 r
KKMKQ, WA8PO&. Central Area (WflLCX, Dir.) - W 4 0 G G , KL7,Wt7 Ala&lu QSi. Bureau, Star Rout" C, Wasilb, Alaika
K 4 A T . W5WI, W9« C X Y V A Y . WA9s K A K V 7 W , W0s H I
I N H L C X UCb. ZHN, K^ARM. WA0S OOU I AW Mt.K R V R ' V t 1 - L. J. Ffldrr, V H J«Q. PO Box 6<>J* Halifax, N.s.
Pacific Area (W6VNO. L>lr.) - Wfts B ( i F HNX E O T IPW V N Q V n - John Kavenscrnff, V1MNV, lharnenmt Aw.,
V Z T i WA6s l ^ A R O F . \ V M H V A v W 7 i M X K Z C.HT, Montreal 780, Quebec.
W A 7 C L > ( K^JSP. V F * - 11. H, Buckley, VK3UW. 2Q A^iurtt Koad, Demiivletv.
Ontario.
Independent Net Reports VK4 - D. K. McVittie, V E 4 0 X , o47 Academy Road, Winnipeg
Manitoba.
Net SevUom Chech-ins Traffic VE5 - A. Lloyd Innen, VC5J1, 2J28 Grant Kd., Reaina,
Northeast Traffic 31 3KS 315 Saskutchem&n.
Ctearlng House 27 412 314 VrEa - Kiirei lettelaar* VF^AAV* Sub, PO 55. N. bdmatitoit,
Mikt Farad KiLT . . . . . 2? 480 33H Alberta.
KAnternUS 29 MS 125 Vt'7 - H. R. Hough. VL7MK. 1291 Rlm»ii Road, Victoria,
7290 41 1995 1063 British CoZumhia.
Hftt&Bouricr 31 440 514 VF.8 - G w j t e r. Kondu, V E « A R R L QSl Bureau uf
fcCITN 21 252 50 Department nf Transport* Welts, N.W/t,
VOl Krne«t Ash. V O I A A , PO Box 6, St. U t h n l
20 Meter SSK 21 447 400ft Newfoundland.
VU2 - Goiae Ray Amateur Kadio Club, PO Box 232, Gonse
Bay, Labrador.
HWL - Leroy Walte, H^nnum St., Ballacon Spa, New York
12020.
J Thesefewwf/fprefer 5 y ^ inch or ?5t) nuatiUt envelope*.
QSI. Bureaux Tot cither ll.li.i'nase^uona and for other cuuulne*

SWITCH appeared oil pate &J. Uecembcr 1969 QST, and will be rnpeat^d
in the iune isaue.

TO SAFETY I T h e P o s t Office D e p a r t m e n t p r o m i m faster m a i l

s e r v i c e w i t h t h e Z i p codes. U e e youxn w h e n y o u w i i t e
H e a d q u a r t e n . U s e o u t s , too. I t ' « 0 6 1 1 1 .

April 1970 81
 Happeniti the Month
FCC PROPOSES NEW FEES On the other hand, under the proposed sched-
The federal Communications Commission has ule, a construction permit for a new vhf television
issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Docket station in the tv Top 50" market could cost $5,000
188U2, in which it seeks to raise application and for the fiUng fee and an additional $45,000 if the
license fees so as to recover the entire cost of its permit is granted! Annual fees in the broadcast
annual budget - some $24,500,000 - from its services would he based on the stations9 own
licensees. The move (about which League Lines advertising rate curds - for radio, 24 times the
warned amateurs in November QST) was urged by highest I-minute spot; for television, 12 times the
both the Bureau of the Budget and the House highest 30-second spot rate. Minimum annual fee
Appropriations Subcommittee. for radio would be $52; for television, $ 144. Other
The Commission proposes these fees for ama- applications in the broadcast services would range
teurs; from $50 to $250, Transfer of a License would start
Application Present Proposed with a $1,000 filing fee, followed by 2 * of the
New, renewed, upgraded $4 $9 sales price if the Jeai is permitted to go through.
operator licenses Deadline for initial comments by any interested
Modified-an d-renewed J4 $9 party is April 20, and replies to the comments of
Modifed only $2 J4 others must be filed by May 11, 1970, In an
Special calls under $20 $25 unusual move, the Docket states in advance that no
Section 97.51 extensions of the time for filing will be granted.
Novices, RACES, Military no fee no fee
recreation stations The normal "original and 14 copies" procedure is
specified, but in the past FCC has accepted
ITicrc is a proposed general charge in the Safety
comments of private individuals on a (csvformal
and Special Radio Services of $6 for duplicate
basis.
licenses, but, at deadline, it is not entirely dear
A R R L members wishing to express a view
whether this charge is to be Levied against the
toward this docket should get ui touch with their
amateur service or not; at present, application for a
respective directors (see page 8j immediately.
duplicate license is made informally by letter, for
which no fee is charged VIRGIL TALBOTT, W6GTE
Fees in the Citizens Radio Service will be, if the We regret to report the sudden death on
new schedule is adopted, the same as the new fees February 22 of Virgil Talbott, W6UTE, of Mon-
for the business radio service, taxicab radio, etc.: terey Park, Calxf.,.at the age of 57, Virgil was vice
$19. Commercial radio operators in general, how- director from the A R R L Southwestern Division
ever, fare better than the rest of the services: no from 1957 through i960 and 1963-1964; since
increases are proposed for first, second or thiid- then he has been assistant director. He has served
class licenses. The lifetime Restricted Radiotele- as secretary of a great many radio clubs, and was
phone Operator permit will be raised from $2 to a secretary of the federation of Radio Clubs of the
new rate of $10, and $2 fees have been added for Southwest in I/m Angeles about 1934, when the
verification cards (Form 75RF) and for posting Southwestern Division was created. Licensed since
statement <Porm 759). 1932, W6GTE was Extra Class and a member of
the Los Angeles County Disaster Communications
organization. He worked in the Los Angeles Coun-
GULFSTREAM SOCIETY ty Treasurer'* office in charge of accounting,
banking and investment functions. He'll be greatly
AMATEUR RADIO OPERATORS missed in League affairs.

The South Florida Fair and Exposition at West

Palm Beach was venue for this attention-getting
exhibit by the Gulfstream Society of Amateur
Radio Operators, Inc., January 24 - February 1.
Lett to right, Al Suhr, WB4AID, club president;
James Johnson, W4JBZ, engineer-trustee; Tom
Lindberg, WB40PL, youngest General Class ama-
teur in the club. Has your club tackled a project
tike this?

82 QST for

This issue of QST contains a report by
the ARRL VHP Repeater Advisory Com-
mittee, It is complete with recommen-
dations to the Board of Directors for pro-
posals which might be made for modifica-
tion of FCC rules specifically to authorize
repeater operation. The purpose of publica-
tion is, by order of the Board, to seek
comment prior to the annual meeting on
May 1, at which time League policy will be
1 established.
Then, as we started to press, the Com-
mission issued Us own proposals for modifi-
cation of the rules for repeater purposes,
and by some last-minute revision of the
magazine makeup we carry that text also, as
background against which to express your
views.
\mmH\wm*\imwmmmi\mwmMmwmwm\mmiwmwm\mn\wmmMimmim
FOREIGN TIME COUNTS TOWARD EXTRA
The Federal Communications Commission has
adopted two modifications to our rules which it
proposed in Docket 18540 last May. Effective
March 23, 1970, a citizen who can prove that he
earlier held for two years or more the equivalent of
a tieneral Class license issued by another country is
eligible to take the Extra Class exam. Up to now,
only FCC-licensed time has counted toward the
"apprenticeship" for Extra; even those who held
U.S.Department of Commerce licenses prior to the
formation of FCC In 1934 were not eligible until
they had two years* time under an FCC ticket.
In a parallel move, amateurs holding FCC Extra
Class licenses who can prove that they were first
licensed by cither the U.S. or a foreign government
more than twenty-five years ago are now eligible
(upon payment of the $20 fee) for a two-letter call
under Section 97.51(a)(5) of the rules as amended.
ARRL supported the rulemaking, and in addi-
tion, had asked that FCC broaden the docket to
include reduction in the waiting period for Extra
from two years to one; "grandfathering" the old
Amateur Extra First Grade licensees to the present
Amateur Extra: and at least "1 x 3" calls for any
and all Amateur Extra Class licensees, regardless of
tenure. In respect to these added requests by the
League and some similar comments from individual
respondents, the Commission said simply, u The
foregoing suggestions are all beyond the scope of
this proceeding and would require consideration in
a separate rule making proceeding."
Accordingly, Section 97,9(aKl) w amended to
read:
(1) at any time prior to receipt of his
application by the Commission has held for at
least two years an amateur operator license of
other than the Novice or Technician Ctass,
issued by any agency of the United States
government, or submits proof that he held for a
period of two years an amateur operator license
at least equivalent to a General Class license
issued by a foreign government, or
and Section 97.51(a) to read:
April 1970
(5) One unaligned two-letter call sign (a call
sign having two letters following the numeral)
may be assigned to a previous holder of a
two-letter call sign, the prefix of which con-
sisted of not more than a single letter. Addi-
tionally. a two-letter call sign may be assigned
to an Amateur Extra Class licensee who *uhmits
evidence that he held any amateur radio oper-
ator or station license, issued by any agency of
the United States government or by any foreign
government, 25 years or more prior to the
receipt date of an application for such assign-
ment- Applicants for two-letter call signs are
not permitted to select a specific assignment
except in accordance with subparagraphs (1)
and (2) of this paragraph.
Incidentally, credit for starting this ball rolling goes
to D. R. Ilearsum, W8LUZ, who made the original
request in RM-1311 filed in May, 1968.
THE ROUTE TO RULEMAKING
There has been much interest recently in the
way the rules of the Federal Communications
Commission are changed. Here's a brief summary,
with a list of requests in the amateur field which
await FCC action.
A rules change can be requested by any individ-
ual or group. The format is not necessarily impor-
tant, but at the top there should be a statement
that what follows is a request for rulemaking, FCC
asks fur an original and fourteen copies, but where
requests arc filed by individuals, this is not usually
enforced to the letter.
The request should clearly state the exact rule or
rules to be changed, and should offer language for
the new version. Then the petitioner should give
reasons for making the change.
Upon receipt of a request for rulemaking, FCC
will assign an RM number; at this point the
document "goes public" and may be supported or
opposed by anyone. Technically, there's a time
limit to these initial reactions* but in practice one
may comment ut any stage of the proceeding up to
the deadline stated in the formal docket described
below.
If the Commission finds merit in the idea, it may
Issue a "Notice of Proposed Rulemaking" carrying
a docket number. The docket always states the
date by which comments should be filed. If
someone wants to react to someone else's filing he
may do so within an additional time period
allowed for "reply comments/*
Alternatively, the Commission may considcx a
request with another RM already on file, or even
dismiss it out of hand. The latter is most likely
when a request for rulemaking comes within a year
or so of a prior decision by the Commission to
contrary effect.
The following RMs arc on file with the FCC, and
as of February 20 had not been acted upon (RM
number, month filed* by whom, and the substance
in a nutshell):
388 ~ 12/62 — KSJKX - providing amended rules
for Tepeaters.
968 — 3/66 - San Diego County - Use of other
than 220 MHz. to remotely control
RACES stations.
83

Several years ago, George Grammer, W1DF, was
asked by engineer friends at RCA what hams
would like to have in the way of a new tube. His
specs later emeryed in the famous 6146. The five
millionth 6146 was pulled off the assembly line a
few months ago, plated with gold, and mounted on
a plaque as a retirement gift for GG. Hera, making
the presentation on behalf of all the hams in RCA,
is George Hanchett, W2YM Defth
10»7 - 11/b6 - Texas CD-mobile relay on 144,
220, 420 MHz.
1116 - J/67 - Calif CD - RACES rules* control
of non-amateur licensees.
1209 - 10/67 W2KIIP et at - "Buffalo"
repeater petition.
1306 - 5/68 - K2UTC - expand 10-, J 5-, and
20-meter phone.
1346 - 8/68 - K3MGO/K3MNI - senior atlzens
license.
1349 - 9/68 - Radio Club of Puerto Rico -
expand phone privileges for KP4 licensees,
1363 - 10/68 - K2ZRO - "Advanced" Tech-
nician license.
1392 - 12/68 - W8SDZ - higher RTTY speeds,
of 60* 75 and 1 on wpm.
1429 - 3/69 - WA8DCE - permit K-4 at T44 MHz.
I4S4 - 5/69 - KlKTB - allow Teuhs to UM* ew
8u through 10 meters,
145$ - 5/69 - W2NSD - counterpart call signs,
1456 - 5/69 - W2NSD - permit Techs to have
same cw privileges at Novices,
J 477 - 9 / 6 8 - W2CNQ - expand phone hand* for
l)X QSOs only.
1478 - 4/69 - W6HQH - permit 4rtK2 <tV»r aftk)
on 144 & 220 MHz. in RACES rules.
14M7 - 5/69 - W3JM - expand phone bands.
1512 4/6V - W5JGV - 800 watts output above
420 MHi.
1516 - 10/69 - WAftFNR - Tech* to have
privileges on 21 MHz. Notice band,
f 520 - 9/69 - W3KMV - divide restricted
portion <>f the 6-meter band into cw and
phone segments.
1521 - 10/69 — Kl KKL — Cw privileges for Techs
in the hf bands.
1 SI6 - 10/69 - W3BWU privileges for lech* in
the cw portion of 10 meters*
1535 - 11/69 — ARHL Tech privilege* in
29.5-29.7 and 144-146 MHz; dual holding
of Novice and Tech licenses.
84
1536 - i 1/69 - AKKJL - counterpart call signs.
1538 - 11/ev - WB2LRS - permit teleprinter
speeds of 60, 67 or (00 wpm.
1542 - 1 2 / 6 9 - K&MVH - new repeater rules-
1 544 - 11/69 - W9H TF s t r i c t 7200-7225 and
r420U-1425ukHz to Extras or permit
phone sit 14150-14200 only hy Extra*.
ISSO - 1/70 - WA1UJ - expand phone HO thru
15 meters by 50 kHz, half for Kxtras, half
for Advanced.
1568 - 2/70 - W8WEF - Techs get privileges of
Novice in hf bands.
BOARD MEETING ON MAY 1
The Board of Directors of The American Radio
Relay League, Inc., will hold its annual meeting un
May I, WO, at Hartford, Conn, One subjcct will
he the election of a president, first vice-president,
additional vice presidents, wxretary and treasurer
for the coming two years. Proposals for change* in.
FCC rules and the setting of League" policy in many
areas of interest may be topics for the meeting.
The directors will start arriving at Hartford as
early as Tuesday, April 28, for informal consul-
tations with Hq. staff and other director*, inspec-
tion of the premises ami financial records, and the
like.
Do you have ideas you'd like presented at this
meeting? Get in touch with your own director (sec
page 8 of this and every issue of QST for name and
address) before he heads east for the meeting.
GEORGE GRAMMER RETIRES
George Grammcr. W1DF, Technical kditor of
QST since 1939, retired on January 31. 1970. but
took with him a briefcase full of special projects to
to done without the pressures of the alarm clock
and'the telephone bell,
George was first licensed as a youngster ifl
Philadelphia, with the call 3A11L He graduated
from Diexel Institute in 1926, and three years later
took over the ARRL Technical Information Ser-
vice, On the strength of such articles as UA Single
Control Transmitter" in the December 1929 issue*
GG became assistant technical editor in May 1930.
Wartime years were bpent in classified technical
work, Back on the job at ARRLV George was called
to testify at an FCC hearing on television: channel
1 m channel the potential for TVI and so on,
receiving the rare accolade of applause from other
technical people waiting to testify in the decorous
atmosphere of a hearing chamber.
About this time under WIDKs perceptive dir-
ection, QST began exploration of such relatively-
new techniques as fm and ssb. In recognition
particularly uf the ssb work under his direction,
the Institute of Radio Engineers (now the IEEE)
elected him J Fellow in 1959. Just recently,
George became a Life Member of IEEE.
In addition to his work as technical editor of
QST* GG is author of A Coitnc in Radio Funda-
mentals and Understanding Amateur Radio, and
wrote the QST series, "Those Higher Class Exam-
inations" which ran from March through August
1968.
Radio astronomy and music are among his
outside interests, for which he'll hopefully have
more time in retirement. We wish him all the best!
QST for
DOUG DE MAW, W1CER, ACTING X-E.
M, i \ "Doug" De Maw, W1CER/W8HHS, has
been appointed Acting Technical Editor of QST.
He's been an assistant t.e, since J 965, but probably
has gained more recognition as editor of The Radio
Amateur's Handbook for the 1968 and later
editions. Doug received a BSEE degree from
Lawrence Institute of Technology > Michigan, in
1949, and got his amateur license in 1950, using alt
bands from 1.8 through 432 MHz, A builder right
from the start, Doug spent three years as editor
and publisher of the VHFer. He's been the author
of some 45 QST articles ranging all over the lot
from hand-held QRP rigs to kilowatts to dnect-
conversion receivers to noise-blanker* to attenua-
tors to helical beams to you name it.
Doug shares the hobby with wife Jean, W1CKK,
and son Douglas. WN1LZQ.
W1CER
LICENSE PLATES IN FLORIDA
From George Thurston* W4MLE* and Florida
Skip comes word that a bill, HR-1121, has been
introduced into the, Morida legislature which
would make call *ign license platen available to
licensees in the Citizens Radio Service as well as
the amateur, at a charge of S5 extra for either
aerrice l&s opposed to the $1 extra fee now
charged hams). The framers predict that 100,000
to 150,000 tggs will be issued to CBers as a result!
(There are ahout 860,000 CB licensees in the
whole country; our guess is between 30,000 and
35,000 in Florida, of which perhaps a quarter to a
third would seek the plates.) The Department of
Motor Vehicles estimates that 17 employees would
have to be added and the program would cost
$86,000 the first year!
Needless to say, Florida amateurs should get in
touch with their state legislators to express their
views on the fee increase.
WS BURJiAU CHANGES HANDS
Hurley O. Saxon, K5QVH, of EI Paso, Texas,
has resigned as ARRL QSL Manager for the Sth
call area, a post he has fiUed with high efficiency
since 1966. The OSL Bureau will now be operated
April 1970
by Kenneth F, IsbelL W5QMJ, 306 Kesterfield
Blvd., Enid, Oklahoma 73701. Amateurs in the 5th
call area should be sure they have business-size
envelopes on Hie with their current address in the
center, current call signs in the upper left hand
corner, and one to three 6-cent stamps in the upper
right.
MINUTES OF EXECUTIVE
COMMITTEE MEETING
No. 329 February 18, 7970
Pursuant to due notice, the Executive Com-
mittee of The American Radio Relay League, Inc.,
met in the Executive House, Washington* D.C., at
A.M. February 18, 1970. Present: President
Robert W. Dennis ton, W0DX, in the chair; Dir-
ector* Victor C, d a r k , W4KFC, Charles G. Comp-
ton, W0BUO, Harry J. Dannals, W2TUK, and Noel
B. Eaton, VE3CJT; and General Manager John
Huntooa, WILVQ. Also present were West Gulf
Division Director Roy L. Albright, WSEYB, New
England Division Director Robert York Chapman^
W1QV, Atlantic Division Director Harry A. Mc-
Conaghy. W3EPC, and General Counsel Robert M.
Booth, jr., W3PS.
On motion nf Mr. Eaton, affiliation was unan-
imously GRANTED to the following societies:
Aviation Radio Club. Columbus* Ohio; Benton
County Amateur Radio Club, Keystone, Iowa;
Carteret High School Amateur Radio Club, Car-
teret, N.J.; Chico High Communications Club,
Chico, Calif,; Clearwater Valley Amateur Radio
Club, Oroflno, Idaho; Cloquet Senior High Ama-
teur Radio Club, Cloquet, Minn.; Explorer Post 6
Amateur Radio Society, Norristown, Pa.; b\ D.
Roosevelt High School Amateur Radio Club, Hyde
Park* N.Y,; Hacken*avk High School Amateur
Radio Club, Hac ken sack, N.J.: J YC Amateur Radio
Association, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lawrence Central
High School Amateur Radio Club, Lawrence, lnd.;
Livingston High School Amateur Radio Club,
Livingston, N.L; Madera County Amateur Radio
Club, Madera, Calif.: Northwest Florida FM Assoc-
iation, Inc., Fort Walton Beach, Fla.; Pioneer
Amateur Radio Club (H.S.), Normal, 111.; Port
Byron Central School Amateur Radio Club, Port B
yron, N,Y.; Redwood High School Amateur Radio
Club, Larkspur, Calif.; Southeast College Radio
Club, Chicago, ill.; Stu Rockafellow Amateur
Radio Society, Plymouth, Mich.; Tri-State Ama-
teur Radio Club, Keokuk, Iowa; Twin State Ama-
teur Radio Club, West Lebanon, N.H.;West Virgin-
ia Wesleyan College Amateur Radio Club, Buck-
hannon, W.Va.; Yadkin Valley Amateur Radio
Club, Albemarle, N.C..
On motion of Mr. Eaton, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that the question of the
status of affiliation of high school and college radio
clubs be considered by the Membership £ Publi-
cations Committee and a report made to the 1970
annual meeting of the Board of Director
On motion of Mr. Dannals, unanimously
VOTED to grant approval for the holding of a
Rocky Mountain Division Convention at Gates
Park, Colo., on June 13-14, 1970; a West Virginia
State Convention at Jackson's Mill on July 4-5,
1970; and a West Gulf Division Convention at
Orange, Texas, on July 1&-19,1970.
On motion of Mr. Compton, unanimously
VOTED to confer Life Membership upon the
following:
George FL Abbott, WlUBH; John Adel, W5RR;
Asa W. Adklns, Jr., K4KV; John A, Attaway,
K4IIF; Lei and W. Aurick, K3QAX/W2QEX; Ever-
ett E. Ballard, WA4AGJ; Albert J. Balusek, W5-
SAH; C. Terry Beeler, W4FUI; Charles R. Bender,
W1WPR; Walter P. Bernadyn, W2FPM; A- Douglas
Berry, K7SMW; William S- S. Braithwaite, VE3-
FWM; William G. Buckner. W0VZK; Wiley C.
Bunn, W4WWF; Edgar A. Cantelon, W8CV; J. 1.
Carlton, W4JHC: Vincent M. Chinn, K6KQN:
James S. Ctagett, K0OTH; Robert A. Coburn,
85
WIJJO; Bruce I. Covins, K1ISJ; Zachary Cohen,
W A 6 0 H N ; John T . C o n n i f f , KSGDU/fi; Allan B.
Culbert, KtfYVU; Roy C Dolley, WB6VGA; Bon-
nie Blake Drucfcer, WBJHOK; RedfordC. Fleming,
WBCAi Donald K. Galbraith, WB6YVW; Kenneth
G. Garner, WA2ZXU; Sheldon J. Gath, WB6GGS;
Michael K, Gauthier, K61CS; William A, Gian-
oukos, W i A Z H ; R, L. Hauser, W7KDP; Paul Ralph
Herndon, jr., K5KDL; lames R, Hill, K 6 0 Z L ;
Ronald U Holt, K3RHA; Jay H. Howell, W7PSW;
Robert H. Johnson, WAtfPVW; Philip M. Kane,
W&VQM/K2ASP; Jonathan L. Kirkman, W4WDH;
Charles O. Klawitter, W9VZR; James K. Landers,
WB2DIA; Richard P. U n e , III, W40QG; Francis
Le Baron, jr., W l T Q Z ; Frank I. Lester, W2AMJ;
Ben Letson, W4BGO; Thomas b\ Undsley,
K2DPG; Howard O. Lorenzen, W3BLC; George F.
Marts, WflTDH; George F. Mcintosh, W9FXK; J. T.
Miller, WB6VZW; Harry H. Mine hart, III, W A I -
HWS; Henry W. Moddison, K6DOW; Arthur M.
Monsees, W4EXM; Joseph I. Moran, W4GLW;
Charles P. Nadler, WB4GWN; Stanley F, Nieder*
meier, W8YIQ; Richard J. Ostrowski, K2QDN;
George £. Perrine, W9KOI; John S, Phillips,
KL7FSY; Alexander M. Pontus, W3FCR; A, D.
Prickett, W4CRS; Michael M. Raskin, K4KUZ;
Arthur G, Reterstoff, W7PRA; Robert M- Richard-
son, W4UCH; George A. Ross, WB2UOD; Gerald
U R o y Sacks, WA3EJR; James K. Sattgast, WAp-
PSG; William E. Scholtz, jr., W3HXF; ET E. Scott,
K5PVT; R. Dean Sever, K8RXD; Roy T. Sheiso,
WflTWZ; Saul N. Silbert, WB2GWP/TKL; John J.
Slough, K4ZLE; Tony p. Smaker, jr., KL7JDO;
Robert H. Strld, WB4GFD/W1RUU; Joseph J.
Sundra, W3ZLP; James M. Talens, K3MNJ; Eugene
T. Turner, jr., WN40SZ; William L. Twining,
K l K F P ; Marshall D. Welch, Jr., W3JBJ;John M.
Wells, W1 ZD; Louis A. Williams, jr., WS1NL;
Donald M. Williams, sr., K5JLV; Theodore A,
I*
-A*
. . . The cover picture is of the A A F information
center on Bougainville in the South Pacific. The
walls are of sandbags - and a tot of people stripped
to the waist, are hard at work around huge tables
of charts. Of considerable Interest is a sign which
says, "Think before you transmit." 1 think that
this is applicable today.
. . , Editor Warner talks about Tropospheric UX,
commenting on the experiments of Ross Hull and
others on five meters. He notes the tack of this sort
of DX un 112 Mc but attributes this to poorer
equipment rather than to propagation effects. He
predicts that when technology catches up with that
un 56 Mc, the I12-Mc boys will do better than
those on 56. We will see.
. . , (Julte a few advanced amateurs are fiddling
around with T V these days and Elliot B. Henry.
W9FEN, has a comprehensive piece un "Practical
Design' of Video Amplifiers/1 bridging the gap
between basic theory and practical circuitry.
Enough math is included » > that the reader can
find out how it really works. This is Part 1.
. . k The Mallory Company announces a new type
dry cell, using mercury. It is compact and requires
no "breathing space/1 72 cells give 94 V.
- - . Clinton B» Desoto, WICBD, Editor o f QS'f%
starts a new series on radar techniques. For those
of you who d o n t quite know how this works, even
now, you might profitably read this fine article.
- WlANA
86
Winkel, WB9AHJ; Allen M. Hagen, W7HDD; Mel-
vin M, Schwartz, WA4KVX; Joan H. Middleton,
W4WFD.
The Committee recessed at 12:10 P.M. for
luncheon and for informal discussions with Messrs,
Henry and Orcnfell (W3BG and W4GF) of the
Amateur & Citizens Radio Division of the Federal
Communications Commission, reconvening at 3:50
P.M.
The Committee next examined a draft of a
pamphlet of background information to he pro-
vided candidates for elective office in the League
(director, vice director, SCM) and, after discussion
and minor editorial revisions, on motion of Mr,
Clark, unanimously VOTED to proceed with its
preparation.
Mr. Chapman reported briefly on the progress of
his special committee drafting Articles & By-Laws
for the A R R L Foundation; on motion o f Mr.
Eaton, unanimously VOTED to authorise the
expenditure of up to $1000 for further activities of
the committee, including legal consultations.
Mr. Chapman also reported briefly nn the
mgress of plans for the 1970 A R R L National
S onvention In Boston, Mass., September 25-17.
The Committee, at the request of the President,
next undertook an examination of procedures at
meetings of the Board of Directors, for the purpose
of carrying out the action of Minute 21 of the
1969 special meeting.
In the course of its meeting the Committee
discussed, without formal action, the progress o f
incentive licensing, a possible Increase m FCC
license fees, and distinctive QSL cards for direc-
tors.
There being no further business, the Committee
adjourned, at 5:50 P.M.
JOHN HUNTOON
W1LVQ Secretary
50 Y e a r s A g o
this month.
April 1920
. . . L. M. Clement was largely concerned with
the developement of the vacuum tube at Western
Electric Company during the war and here presents
an authoritative paper on the subject, complete
with diagrams, circuits and discussions. Real basic
information, first presented to the Radio Club <«f
America,
. . . S. Kruse, an assistant Engineer with the
bureau of Standards, later to become Technical
Editor of writes entertainingly on Radio
Lighthouse Keeping. This a very good yarn, indeed,
< . . E.V. Duvall describes a motor generator for
supplying plate voltage to an audion. It is low
power, hut does away with the need for trouble-
some batteries. Vhe set-up includes a ripple filter.'
. . L M.B. West, HAEZ, has some Notes <m Im-
proving Transmission. He is talking spark, o f
course, and tells just how he ad/usts his set. Ms
results bear out his technique. For highest output,
with given input power, one must have a coordina-
ted set of components.
. . , For those of you who are "Old Man" fans,
here is another "rotten" story, this time about
relays. He is in good form. He is already talking
about "old timers"—even in 1920. "Radical" is
brought in, but not "Final Authority." We'll hear
more about them, I'm sure.
. . . The Editor now urges all amateurs to experi-
ment with cw and get going on it. He thinks it's the
coming thing. So right. IV/ A NA
QST for
 FCC's Repeater Rules Proposals
Before the
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20564
In the Matter of
) DOCKET,
Amendment of Part 97 of tbe ) No. 18803
Commission's Rules concerning
> RM-388
the licensing and operation
) RM-1087
of Repeater stations fnthe
Amateur Radio Service > &M-1209
>
NOTICE OP PROPOSED RULE MAKING
By the Commission; Commissioner Cos concurring
in the result.
J. The Commission has under consideration a
joint petition filed by James W> Kyle, Jr., Robert
B. Couper, Jr., and Russell L, Miller, (Kyle)
(RM-388) and petitions filed by the State of Texas,
Division of Defense and Disaster Relief, (Texas)
CRM-1087), and the Buffalo Amateur Radio
Repeater Association (BARRA), (RM-1209), for
rule making in the above-entitled matter. All
petitioners proposed that the Commission amend
its rules to specifically provide for the operation of
amateur stations-which would automatically repeat
the transmissions of other amateur stations.
Comments supporting the Kyle petition were filed
by Arizona Amateur Radio Society. Comments
supporting the BARRA petition were filed by
Electronics Industries Association; Tulsa Repeater
Organizations, Inc., and Rocky Mountain VHF
Society, Inc.
2. A repeater station* as the term is used herein*
is an amateur station which receives and
automatically retransmits radio signal* primarily
for the purpose of extending the communication
range of mobile units. Repeater stations are
particularly useful on VHF bands where reliable
communication is generally over relatively short
distances. Although the present rules do not
specifically refer to repeater stations, under
policies that have been developed, amateur stations
licensed to persons holding a Technician or higher
class licenses have been permitted to operate as
repeater stations consistent with the rule
permitting remote control And other rules
applicable to all amateur stations. The present rules
require, among other things, that the licensee be
present at the transmitter or at an authorised
control point when the station is in operation; that
remote control points must be at fixed locations
designated on the station license; that all emissions
of the remote transmitter must be monitored by
the licensee; and that the operation of the station
must be under the positive supervisory control of
the licensee, i.e., it must be possible for him to
suspend the radiation of the transmitter regardless
of any control signals transmitter by another user
station for the purpose of gaining access to the
repeater. The station licensee is also required to
comply with the logging and station identification
requirements applicable to the usual amateur
station. In response to the petitioners requests, the
Commission proposes to amend its rules to
specifically provide for the operation of amateur
repeaters.
3. Since the operator of each station using a
repeater is required to maintain a log of his
transmissions* and the duplication of the
April 1970
information in the repeater log would serve no
useful purpose, it is proposed that the repeater log
include only the time and date of the periods the
repeater is available for service, and entries
indicating the technical and operational condition
of the repeater, It is also proposed to amend the
present identification rule to permit automatic
identification of repeaters hy telegraphy at
intervals not t o e-xceed three minutes.
FLASH! - Just at press time the Federal
Communications Commission issued a No-
tice of Proposed Rulemaking to govern
amateur repeater operation. The action
would amend Part 9? of the rules to
liberalize some aspects of current repeater
activity and tighten others. Relaxation of
logging requirements to only day and time
period of operation is proposed, plus the
basic data on technical and operation con-
ditions. Automatic identification at intervals
of 3 minutes or less in to be permitted.
Request* for unattended transmitter opera-
tion, however, axe denied; the Commission
wants supervisory control by the licensee
over repeater operation, with control and
monitoring directly or by radio. FCC pro-
poses to limit repeater operation to above
50 MHz, 601) watts maximum, no cross
band, no "chain" repeaters or multiple
outputs, and activity restricted to subtends
for input ( 5 2 - 5 - 5 2 . 7 , I4b.3-146.6,
223.1-223.3 and 447.7-448.9) and tor out-
put <53.0-53.2, 146.9-147,2, 224,1-224.3,
449.1-449,3) and anything above 1215
Megs. '"Whistle-on" or other coded access is
to be required. Comment deadline is May
15.
There are some separate yet quite impor-
tant changes proposed in other aspects of
our rules, almost as if they were purposely
buried to escape notice. There is a redefini-
tion of power limits, particularly as con-
cerns sideband and grounded-grid amplifier
aspects. FCC proposes to put an end to the
which-caU-to*ign hassle hy writing into the
regulations the 180° switch in inter-
pretation they surprised us all with several
years ago. The striking o f language from
Section 97.89 which currently and specifi-
cally authorizes experimental one-way trans-
missions for technical investigations would
seem, on first reading, to outlaw beacon
stations (including Oscars), radio control of
model aircraft, eta But the text is extensive
and deserves careful evaluation by all active
amateurs.
Please, prior to May I, express your
conclusions to your League director (ad-
dress page 8) so he may be fully equipped to
represent you at the annual meeting.
 4. With respect to the operator and monitoring
requirements, BARRA proposed that an amateur
repeater station be permitted to operate without
an operator rn attendance at the transmitter or at
an authorized control point, in support ot' its
proposal, BARRA stated that since a repeater does
not originate communications, the responsibility
for communication content should be placed solely
on the licensee of the station using the repeater,
because he is responsible for the propriety and
content of any signals transmitted by his station.
The licensee of the repeater would then be
responsible only for the technical operation of his
station. Section 310(b) of the Communications
Act requires, in effect, that the licensee of a station
maintain supervision and control of both the
technical and operational performance of his
station. Accordingly, it is proposed herein to
continue to require (he licensee nf a repeater
station to be in attendance at the transmitter or at
an authorized fixed control point, and to monitor
all transmissions of the station.
5, Because of the shared use of amateur
frequencies, equipment limitations which may
preclude monitoring the repeater input frequency,
and the inability of repeater users to observe
activity on the repeater output frequency
throughout the area served by the repeater,
consideration must be given to the interference
potential of repeaters to amateurs operating uii the
same and adjacent frequencies* The proposals set
forth he low should tend to minimize Interference
between stations, but n<»t unduly inhibit the
growth of a useful repeater system.
ft. The propagation characteristics of the
amateur bands below SO Mc/s are Mich that mobile
stations and stations at fixed locations can
communicate over short* medium, and long
distances on those frequencies without recourse to
repeaters. In view of this, there is no apparent need
for retransmission on frequencies below SU Mc/s or
for multi-hop repeater systems on frequencies
above 50 Mc/s> Accordingly, it is proposed to
permit the operation < »f repeaters only on
Frequencies above SO Mc/s and limit the automatic
relaying of communications to a single
retransmission. It Is also proposed to adopt the
recommendations of Kyle and BARRA that a
repeater he designed and installed that it will
normally be activated o n l y by means of a ended
signal or such other means as will effectively
exclude transmissions by stations not desiring to
work through the repeater, thus minimizing
unnecessary transmissions and the possible
resulting interference. The required coded signal
inay consist M a single audio tone so that the
repeater can be easily "whistled on."
7. To further minimize interference, and in the
absence of any apparent need, the simultaneous
retransmission by a repeater in two or more hands
of the same received signal will not be permitted,
nor will cross-band operation, that is receiving in
one band find transmitting in another, be
permitted. It is also proposed to specify frequency
subbands in the $U» 144, 220. and 450 MHz bands,
for repeater input and output, tt is believed that by
restricting repeater operation to specific portions
of the amateur bands a more useful and uniform
system will result, and interference to the
operation of stations not transmitting through
repeaters will be minimized.. The proposed
frequency subbands are tentative In that they may
be adjusted within the hand if comments received
indicate a need for such adjustment.
88
&. It is proposed to limit the power input to
repeaters to ftoo watts. This is consistent with the
maximum power permitted in the land mobile
services and is believed sufficient to provide
reliable communications within the range of
mobile units. Also, the rule sections relating to
operator requirements and station identification
have been revised to codify present Commission
requirements.
<>. The specific rule changes proposed herein are
set forth In the attached Appendix. Authority for
these proposed amendments is contained in
Sections 4(i) and 303 of the Communications Act
of 1934, as amended.
10. Pursuant to applicable procedures set forth
in Section 1.415 of the Commission^ Rules,
interested persons may file comments ou or before
May 15, 1970, and reply comments on or before
June 1, J170. In accordance with the provisions of
Section 1.419<b) of the Commission's Rules, an
original and fourteen copies of ail statements,
briefs, and comments filed shall be furnished the
Commission, .All relevant and timely comments
and reply comments will he considered hv the
Commission before final action is taken. The
Commission may also take into accuunt other
relevant information before it, in addition to
specific comments invited by this notice.
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION.
Ben F. Waple. Secretary
APPENDIX
1. In 97.3, a new paragraph (i) is added to read as
follows:
97.3
* * * Definitions
**
(i) Amateur Repeater Station. An amateur
station at a specified fixed location used to
automatically retransmit signals of other amateur
stations.
2. Section M7.4I is amended by adding a new
paragraph (b) as set forth below, and redesignating
former paragraphs (b) and (c) as (cj and id).
97.41
• * * *Application
* for station license.
(bl Each application for a remotely controlled
station shall be filed on HCC Form or FCC
Form 610-U, ss appropriate, and must include a
supplementary statement giving the address of the
remote control point and indicating whether
control will be by wire nr radio. If remote control
is by radio, complete information must be
furnished showing how the transmitter is
controlled and what means will be used to prevent
unauthorized operation of the transmitter. Data on
control frequencies, the function of all relays,
timing devices used for control, directional
transmitting and receiving antennas in the control
system, and other pertinent details must he
included.
* * * * 4.
3. A new 97.42 is added to read as follows:
97.42 Station location.
bvtry station must have a fixed .transmitter
location* Only one fixed transmitter location,
which will be designated on the station license, will
be authorized unless the station is authnmed to be
operated by remote control.
4. Present 97.43 is deleted and new 97,43 is added
to read as follows:
97.43 Remote Control of an Amateur Station.
(a) Remote control of an amateur station other
than an Amateur Repeater Station from a point or
QST for
points specified on the station license may be
authorized provided:
( 1 ) The remote transmitter is so installed and
protected that it is inaccessible to unauthorized
persons.
( 2 ) That in addition to complying with 97.85, a
photocopy of the Amateur Station license is
posted in a conspicuous place at the remote
transmitter location.
( 3 ) The emissions of the transmitter are
continuously monitored at the control point,
f 4 ) The radiation from the transmitter can be
immediately suspended from the control point
when there is any deviation from the terms o f the
station license or the requirements uf this part.
( 5 ) The station is so designed and installed that
the transmitter can be activated only f r o m the
authorized fixed control point.
( 6 ) That if remote control is by radio, the
control link is direct, without intermediate relay.
( 7 ) That if remote control is by radio, the
control transmitters operate on frequencies within
a band above 220 Mc/s,
( 8 ) That if remote control is by radio, a timer is
provided to automatically limit transmission to a
period of three minutes in the event of failure of
the radio control link, capture of the control
receiver by an undesircd signal, or other technical
malfunction.
( b ) Remote control of an Amateur Repeater
Station may he authorized provided:
( 1 ) The installation and operation of the station
complies with paragraph (a) of this section.
( 2 ) The station is provided with an automatic
timer to limit a single uninterrupted transmission
to a period of not more than three minutes. This
circuit may be so designed that It will
automatically reset but will not permit use of the
transmitter until receipt of a properly coded signal.
( 3 ) The station is so designed and installed that
overriding control of the station is maintained
from an authorised remote control point.
( 4 ) The station is KO designed and installed that
the transmitter can he used only upon receipt of a
coded tone signal after the transmitter has been
activated from the control point,
( 5 ) The station is so designed and installed that
the transmitter will be silenced within five seconds
after ixssation of the output o f its associated
receiver.
5. In 97.61, the introductory text of paragraph ( a )
is amended, and a new paragraph ( c ) is added to
read as f o l l o w :
97*61 Authorized frequencies and type* of
emissions.
(a) Following are the frequency hands and
associated emissions available to amateur stations,
other than Amateur Repeater Stations, subject to
the limitations stated in paragraph ( h ) of this
section and 97.65. Frequency bands available to
Amateur Repeater Stations are shown in paragraph
(*c *) of
* * this
* section.
( c ) Amateur Repeater Stations must receive and
transmit in the same frequency band. Simultaneous
transmission in t w o or more frequency bands is not
permitted. The following frequency bands and the
emissions authorized in those bands in paragraph
(a) of this section are available for Amateur
Repeater Stations:
Input (Receiving) Output (Transmitting)
Mc/s Mcfr
52.50 — 52.70 53,l>0 - 5.V20
April 1970
146.30 - 146*60 146.90 - 147.20
223.tO - 223.30 224,10 - 224.30
447.70 - 4 4 # , 9 0 449.10 - 4 4 9 . 3 0
Any amateuT frequency above 1215 Mc/s
6. Section 97.67 Is revised to read as follows:
97.67 Maximum authorized transmitter power.
( a ) Transmitter power is the d.c. power input to
the final r.f. amplifier. If the final amplifier is of
the r.f. grounded-grid or r.f, groimded-base type,
the transmitter power also shall Include the d,c.
power input to the stage which immediately
precedes the final r.f. amplifier.
( h ) Except an limited by 97.61(b) transmitter
power shall not exceed:
( 1 ) 600 watts for transmitters used at Amateur
Repeater Stations;
(2) Two kilowatts for single sideband
radiotelephone transmitters and other amplitude
modulated radiotelephone transmitters using
reduced, suppressed, or controlled carrier when
measured during maximum peaks of modulation;
( 3 ) One kilowatt for all transmitters other than
those covered by subparagraphs ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) of this
paragraph*
( c ) Equipment capable of operation with
transmitter power in excess of 90 percent of any
applicable power limitation shall have installed a
means for accurately measuring transmitter power,
7. Section 97.79 is revise H to read as follows:
97,79 Operator Requirements.
(a) An amateur station may be operated only by
a person holding a valid amateur operator license
issued by the Federal Communications
Commission and only in the manner and to the
extent provided by the class of license held by the
operator or the station licensee, including the
trustee of a club station, whichever is the lesser,
( b ) The licensed operator required by paragraph
( a ) of this section must be on duty at the
transmitter location or at an authorized control
point,
( c ) An amateur station licensed as a military
recreational station may be operated only in the
manner and t « the extent provided by the class of
amateur license held by the person operating the
station.
( d ) When an amateur station is used For
telephony or radioprinter transmissions, any
person may transmit by voice or teleprinter,
provided a licensed amateur operator is present at
the operating position* continuously monitoring
the transmissions and maintaining supervisory
control of the station, including turning the carrier
on and o f f for each transmission and signing the
station o f f after communication with each station
has been completed.
8. In <J7,K7. new paragraphs ( e ) through (h) are
added to read as f o l l o w :
97.87
* * * *Station
* identification.
(e> In lieu o f the requirements of paragraph ( a )
o f this section, an Amateur Repeater Station may
be automatically identified by radiotelegraphy at
intervals not to exceed three minutes by keying on
audio tone superimposed on the voice
transmissions* The code speed shall not exceed -20
words per minute, and the modulation level shall
be sufficient to be readable through the voice
transmissions.
( f ) A station licensed to an individual may be
identified by its assigned call only when operated
by or under the immediate supervision of the
station licensee. If the station licensee, who is the
(continued on page 112)
89
AD VISOR Y COMMITTEE PR OPOSES
I N the slightly more than a year of its existence,
the ARRL Advisory Committee on VHF Re-
peater* has been hard at work on recommendations
for changes in the FCC rules, to clarify amateur
radio repeater licensing and control. Such opera-
tion is presently licensed and administered under
FCC rules governing remote control, in which there
is no specific mention of repeater stations. This has
led to much confusion on the part of amateurs
interested in setting up repeater systems.
The suggested rules changes in the foDowing
report can be understood completely only if
studied in conjunction with relevant excerpts from
FCC's amateur radio regulations. The necessary
information is given in every edition of The Radio
Anuzteur's License Manual, an ARRL publication
available everywhere. In the current (63rd) edition,
the required excerpts begin on page 74, under Part
97.3, Definitions.
The Advisory Committee is your channel to
ARRL on repeater matters. The committee roster,
with biographical data on each member, is given in
QST for February, page 62. Comment from the
repeater fraternity is solicited, and may be stent to
any committee member, to your ARRL Director,
or to League headquarters, - WtHDQ.
Report of the VJLH.
REPEATER ADVISORY COMMITTEE
The VHF Repeater Advisory Committee selec-
ted as its first task the creation of a proposed set of
FCC rules changes. The committee used several
existing rule change proposals as a starting point,
added first-hand knowledge and experience of its
members, solicited and obtained recommendations
from many existing repeater groups and users, and
digested voluminous information about existing
and proposed repeater and remote station systems.
In reaching its decision, documents were prepared
which, if put into FCC rule form, would be what
was considered by some to be the most restrictive
rules that repeaters could exist under; also, a
similar set of rules was prepared that attempted to
best represent the most relaxed set of rules that
amateur radio in general could accept for repeaters.
After examining and debating both extremes, a
compromise was unanimously accepted by the
committee.
PROPOSED RULES CHANGES
Add to Part 97 of the FCC Rules and Regulations:
97.3* *Definitions
***
(j) Amateur Unattended Station. An amateur
station authorized to operate without a control-
ling operator on duty.
(k) Amateur Repeater Station. An amateur
station which retransmits signals from one or
more amateur stations.
Change Part 97 of the tCC Rules and Regulations:
97.43
* *Location
*** of Station
fa) . . . .unless unattended operation or remote
control of the transmitting apparatus is author-
ized, such apparatus shall be operated only by a
duly licensed amateur radio operator present at
the location of such apparatus.
(b) * * * • *
(4) - . . .and it shall be continuously monitored
when in operation, except when used as an
amateur repeater station above 30 MPIu
Add to Part 97 of the FCC Rules and Regulations:
90
FCC R ULES CHANGES
97.43
* *Location
*** of Station
(d) Authority for operation of an Amateur
Station as an Amateur Unattended station
without a licensed operator on duty m»y be
granted upon filing an application for a modi-
fied station license on FCC Form 610, provid-
ing that the following conditions are met:
(1) The Unattended Station shall be so install*
ed and protected that it is inaccessible to other
than duly authorised persons,
(2) In addition to the requirements of SEc.
97*85, a photocopy of the amateur station
license shall be posted in a conspicuous place
at the location or the unattended station.
(3) The licensee shall provide means for
suspending radiation of the unattended station
in the event of any deviation from the terms of
the station license or from the Amateur Radio
Service rules.
(4) In the event that operation of an Amateur
Transmitter as an unattended station is de-
sired, an application for a modified station
license should be submitted requesting such
authority, stating that there will be full com-
pliance with subparagraphs (1) thru (3) of this
paragraph. Supplemental statements should
accompany the application and show what
means will be employed to comply with
subparagraph (3) of this oaraersnh-
(5) In the event that the means for suspending
radiation of the unattended station is to be by
radio or wire line remote control, specific
authority for remote control must be obtained
in accordance with paragraph lb) of this
section. Remote control authorisation also
authorizes unattended operation.
47.87 Station Identification
(a) An amateur station other than an amateur
repeater station shall be identified by the
transmission of its call sign at the beginning and
end of e a c h . , .
(J) Amateur repeater stations shall be identi-
fied by the transmission of the repeater call by
manual osr automatic means at least every ten
minutes during repeater operation,
(2) Amateur stations using amateur repeater
stations shall identify in accordance with
subparagraph (a) of this paragraph*
(3) Amateur unattended stations or amateur
repeater stations need not be identified when
transmitting on frequencies above 220 MHz
provided that notification of said operation is
filed with the Engineer in Charge of the
district having jurisdiction of the transmitter
location. This notification shall include call
sign of transmitter, expected frequency of
operation and station location.
97.103 Station Log Requirements
* * *4*
<i) Amateur repeater stations and amateur
unattended stations are not required to log the
items detailed in subparagraphs (a), (b), (c), (g)
and (h) of this paragraph. Amateur repeater
stations and amateur unattended stations are
required to tog the items detailed in subpara-
graphs <d>, (ej and (f) of this paragraph, in
addition to the following:
(1) Date and time of initial transmission from
the repeater location.
(2) Date and time of any change of items
required to be logged.
(3) Signature of each licensed operator making
adjustments or repairs to the station transmit-
ter.
(End of proposed rule changes)
Explanation
97.3 Two definitions are added. An amateur
unattended station is a station licensed to operate
Q S T for
without a controlling operator on duty, cither at
the transmitter site or at a remote control site if
authorized. The unat tended station, as proposed,
must have some stated method of control, such as:
"The engineer on duty at the TV transmitter two
miles away will be callcd nn the telephone. He will
go to the Amateur Unattended Station location
and disable the transmitter. This procedure is
expected to take less than two hours after notifi-
cation of Improper operation," or it may be
controlled by radio if radio control is also author-
ized.
97.43 (a) Adds two word*, "unattended opera-
tion" to the existing paragraph. This is necessary to
allow later distinction between the presently per-
mitted "remote control" and the newly proposed
"unattended station."
97,43 (b)(4) Would allow unmonitored operation
of amateur remote controlled transmitters when
they are being used as repeaters above 50 MHz,
97,43 (d) This is an added paragraph, which is in
effect a copy of 97.43(b) reworded to specifically
authorized unattended operation.
97.87 (a) Specifically states that the repeater
transmitter must be identified by the transmission
of its call sign, and at intervals not to exceed ten
minutes. This will eliminate the present inferred
requirement to transmit the call sign of the station
with whom (he repeater is communicating. This
paragraph also provides a means for permitting
remote control and repeater transmitters operating
above 220 MHz, such as inter-site links, to operate
without transmission of station identification. This
will permit simplified operation of multi-hop inter-
connecting system and remotely controlled sta-
tions,
97.103 (i) 1« added to specifically detail the logging
requirements for repeater and unattended stations.
Such a log would be required to contain only the
following entries:
1. Power input.
2. Frequency band used.
3. Type of emission used-
4. Date and time of initial transmission from
repeater location.
5. Date and time of any change of items requir
ed to be logged.
6. Signature of each licensed operator making
adjustments or repairs to the transmitter.
Comments Requested
These proposed rule changes are the result of
the VHF Repeater Advisory Committee's deli-
berations and will be submitted to the May
Board of Directors' Meeting for approval. If
approved, they will be prepared for commission
submission by the League's legal counsel, and
then sent to the FCC for their consideration and
action. Comments, suggestions, and criticisms
should be sent to the VHF Repeater Advisory
Committee, whose names and addresses are
printed on page 62 of February 1970 QST.
Prepared by direction of the*
VHF Repeater Advisory Committee
Jon J. O'Brien
Committee Member
SWITCH
TO SAFETY!
April 1970
Mtnt &ep«
IK1AN,
T IS with deep regret that wc record the passing
uf these amateurs:
Clarence W. Ihyberg. North Berwick, Me,
W1DNT, Ahtn J, Bock. South wick, Mast.
WtPWR, Arthur L. Granger, Rutland, Vt.
W1FZD, Alhert Cassidy, Manset* Ma.
W1MRR, Louis C», Kulhsy, Danbury. Conn.
KllfV'N, Joseph N. Birenbaum, New London,
Conn.
WJSCL, Edward G. Vtnner, Fnlmouth, Me.
en-Wl ZR, Edith Rotch, Boxtoiu Man.
WIZSI, Roland F. Russell, Brain tree. Man.
W2AX, Howard Blower, Roosevelt, N.Y,
W2DSQ, Frederick Francis, Jersey City, NJ.
W2NVB, Otto Trowbridge, Pdham Manor, N.V.
W2PTT, Stanley E, Meslar* Morristown, NJ.
W3RAF, Raymond P, Mayer, Hopewell, NJ.
(UCSX/K3MMU, Ralph W. Robb, Thompson town,
Ha,
W3FNG, Gene H. Melton, Washington, D.C.
K3GCZ, Julius Shut as, King of Prussia. Pa.
KJKYF, David R. Sample, Pre*ton, Md,
tr*-W5TUY, Charles BaJdesberger, Pittsburgh, Ha-
K4BOY, Sidney J. Malie, Win ton, N.C,
W4CNE, Stuart a Gates, Louisville, Ky.
W4DJW, Howard B- Stephens, Savannah, C*a,
WA4DRQ, Arnold Toolev, Owensbors, Ky.
W4GO, John A. Russ, Falls Church, Va.
W4C5TJ, Joseph B. Alderman, Panama City, Fla.
W4GZY, Harold Lyon, Homestead, Ha.
W4JFN, Barnett H. Baskln, Port Orange, Fla.
W4KPM. Even Mick, Marlon, Ky.
W4TEM, less M. Sargent, Neptune Beach, Fla.
K4WA/ex-W8WA, Albert A. Allen, Tarpon Springs,
Kla-
W4WDY, John M. Shepherd, Sr., Hampton* Va.
W5KJK, Elbert B, "Chief11 Breshears, Muskogee,
Okia.
W5FMB, Roy E. Eakins, Enid, Okla.
K6BBF, Andy H. Forneas, Palo Alto, Calif.
W6CQ1J, Howard Smith, Carmichael, Calif.
K6UO, John R. KHPatrick, Santa Monica, Calif.
K6IXU, William a. Kaiser, Sacramento, Calif.
ex-WNGPWD, Edward M. Chauvaud, Walnut Creek,
Calif,
WB6VQE, John C. Koning, Norco, Calif.
WA6ZOL, Archie G. Clark, Car met. Calif.
WBCEZ, George A. Wilkinson, Wilmington, Ohio.
KBDHT, Thomas 5. Kloa», Hickley Ridge, Ohio.
WSNZA. John C, MundurfT, North Canton, Oh to.
W8PD. Elmer E. Priebe, Parma, Ohio.
WS2RV, Leslie C. Currier, Middletnwn, Ohio.
W9DTK, Fred Catet, Milwaukee, Wise.
W9GFS* Paul H. Oavis, Glcnvlew, 111.
W^Hl.L, Shirle D. "Tiny" Styles. Westmont. IU,
W9HZS, Wayward B. Cameron, Madison, Wise.
WA91PO, John K. Holderrled, Kenosha, Wise.
K9JAL, Kenton V. Stearns, Rerwyn, III.
K9JCS, William E. Dragoon, Washington, Iff.
WA9JIX, James N» bVedand, Shelburn, Ind,
WA0AXU, Eugene De Penaloza, Clayton, Mo.
WflBT, Toivo E. Kan gas, St. Paul, Minn.
W0DHR, Bruce A. Kindig, Medicine Lodge, Kans.
W0DUA* Robert W. Davis, Denton. Iowa.
K0FSL, Rex M. Stuart, Brookfield, Mo.
K01LO, Caryl C\ Mc In tyre, Waterloo, Iowa.
W0LZG* Richard Stevenson, Kirksvilla, Mo,
K9JYJ, Byron S. Malchow. Wilder, Minn.
WfKT. Lewis Harvey, Aurora, Colo,
W0LZG, Richard Stevenunn, Kirksville, Mo.
W9SL, Jay N. Edmondson, Boulder, Colo.
KH6RU, John R, Sanders, Walmanalo, Hawaii.
K.P4JA, Ullses Marin, Santurce, Puerto Rico.
VE2KW, Donald S. Slater, Montreal West, Quebec,
VE3DMC, Christian Westhouse, Toronto, Ontario.
VE6AAQ. Norman McBean, Edmonton* Albert a,
ex-VE6AK« Wilfred R. Small, Edmonton, Alberta.
VEbAOH/ex-VESKSL Grnirge K. Heam, Calgary,
Alberta.
VE6LL, Laurence Laughton, Edmonton, Alberts.
VE6MP* Maude D. Phiitlps, Calgary, Alberta.
91
 CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE
n— •• a; •• \\ OF TECHNOLOGY
AMERICA'S OLDEST COLLEGE AMATEUR STATION—ESTABU5I
Three Clubs Mark
Half-Century of
League Affiliation
O AN archaeologist, a half century is a very
T brief period of time, but it represents virtually
the entire span of organized amateur radio. The
League itself was founded only 56 years ago and It
was in the year or two right after World War 1 that
Hiram Percy Maxim, WlAW, Charles Stewart.
W3ZS, and other early League Icajders successfully
fought to reestablish amateur radio's right to
existence, never seriously questioned since then.
Concurrently, amateur* were organizing themselves
both nationally and locally to launch a period of
growth that has continued unabated to the present
time. Among these early local amateur clubs were
the Milwaukee Radio Amateurs Club, Inc., the
South Jersey Radio Association and the Massachu-
setts Institute of Technology Radio Society. These
pioneering organizations have founding members
still active in amateur radio today, and the three
groups arc each celebrating fifty years of affiliation
with the American Radio Relay League, marking a
new milestone in the history of our hobby.
Affiliation is an official relationship that has
been a cornerstone of the League organization and
which has proved to be one of the great strengths
of amateur radio, it is primarily through affiliation
that amateurs have developed their public service
effectiveness and at the same time advanced their
own operational and technical capabilities. So it is
with great pride that we salute the first fifty year
clubs,
92
4ft-
Milwaukee Radio Amateurs Club
MRAC was founded in January, 1917 by Dr.
L.S. Hillegas-Baird, ex-9HO, who became its first
president. CJther charter members included Cor-
nelius Prinslow, ex-90V, Charles Polachcck, cx-
9CMP, Clarence Crapo, W9VD, and Herbert War-
eing, W9NY, the latter two still active members.
The club was ARRUtffiliated in December, 1919.
Among the notable activities over the years:
operation of code classes at the Shorewood Oppor-
tunity School during World War with the late
John G. Doyle, W9GPI, John Scarvaci, W9GIU and
Herb Parish in charge; initiation and operation of
the War Emergency Radio Service (WERS) in the
Milwaukee area* around the same time; and spon-
sorship uf the 1948 ARRL National Convention,
one of the two or three most outstanding in
League history. Current activities include sponsor-
ing the Amateur Radio Emergency Corps locatly
(both the Wisconsin SEC and Milwaukee EC are
MRAC member*); Halloween watch; parade coordi-
nation; concerted participation In Sweepstakes and
Field Day - the club even provided ^intercom"
service to the cast which staged "Alda." in Mil-
waukee recently!
The club currently numbers about 150 mem-
bers, publishes Uamatcur Chatter, and holds sta-
tion license W9HRM; its president is Richard
Oberholtzor, W9ZPV.
WS2J RA
To help celcbrate' 50 years of ARRL
affiliation and Amateur Radio Week in New
Jersey (no accident that they coincide!), the
South Jersey Radio Association will operate
a special events radio station* WS2JRA, on
L8 through 432 MHz April 4 through 12,
I970 f on **h, am (on vhf) and cw, QSL with
self-addressed stamped envelope to:
South Jersey Radio Association
P. O, Box 316
Haddonfield, New Jersey 08033
There'll be special recognition for stations
working WS2JRA on more than one band.
QST for
M.I.T. Radio Society
This has to be about the oldest radio club still
functioning - though it doesn't lay claim to an
unbroken record - since it was organized in i909
by E. 6. Moore, ex-lAVG, also its first president,
MITRS affiliated with the League in April, 1920.
its first license was as 1LC in (9(6, followed by
IAN in 1920 and IXM, also in 1920. under which
call much of the fame of the d u b wan earned. In
the 1921 TransAtlantic receiving tests, for in-
stance, 1XM was among the 18 to he heard by Paul
CJodley in Scotland on the first day of the test. The
station kept in touch with AdmiraJ Byrd's Antarc-
tic Expedition In 1930, and even ran a crude
version of a phone patch for the skipper and his
wife. They sponsored a number of banquets in the
The OLD .,.
early 20s, the third of which amounted to a New
England Convention with such notables as Alexan-
derson a* speaker*, It was one of the League's
Standard Frequency Stations and during World
Wax U it was active in WERS and in conducting
training courses.
Among its members have been James Clapp,
WIOD, inventor of the Clapp oscillator; J, A.
tftratton, who later became prescient of Massachu-
setts Institute of Technology; and K. V, R,
Lansingh, evW6QX. of the old R-9 and Radio
Magazines.
Currently, the station is active on all bands from
3.5 to 432 MHz, using ssb, cw and RTTY, for such
diverse activities as moonbounce, DX chasing and
contests. The president now is Paul S. Silinsky,
K3ZDR and the membership is about 50.
... and the NEW

-V

t
y^-r
v AjjSE _ 1

Lett, an early meeting, perhaps about 1924, of the South Jeney Radio Association in the basement of the
Collingswood Library. Right, past, present and future - Charter member Gordon Kressel, W2BQ; current
president Tony Slapkowski, WB2MTU, and Elliot Lavin, WA2BPL, youngest member oi the club.

• - ••"-."ir-ZV*

The Milwaukee Radio Amateurs Club in 1920 and again in 1970. Clarence Crapo, W9VD, is in the front
row, third from left, in both pictures.

April 1970 93
The antenna structure at W1 MX . , ,

. . , the uhf layout..

.•. and the hf station.

South Jersey Radio Association

Of these thiec "Golden Oldies/' SJRA gets
highest marks for historical conscientiousness -
they know precisely for instance that the club was
formed on June 12, 1916 by Leon W. Ashton,
W3HO, Roger W. Harrington, W2LY, Gordon
(Create!, W2BQ, H. W. Densham, K3EH, William G.
Phillips, ex-3AFD; tieorge Halderaan, W. A. F.
Pyle, W3WR, William Kirby, Edward B. Patterson,
W2YR, Henry Wetzel, ex-3lQ, Henry Byam, Taylor
Stokes, cx-3ACM and t\ Waldo Satchctor (who
was elected president). The club affiliated with
ARRL in April, 1920.
Like the other two clubs it conducted training
classes during World War II - but it had done the
same thing a war earlier, in 1917! The first know
QSO between North and South America involved
an SJRA member, Norman R. Weible, 3BWJ - it
took 70 watts to a pair of UV-2U2s on 120 meters.
About the same time, the club noticed on the air a
very active and skilled amateur in nearby Philadel-
phia, sought him out and persuaded him to join
SJRA. This man held the call 3AIH then but he's
much better known now as George Gammer,
W1DF, who just retired as technical director of
ARRL and technical editor of QSTl
Over the year*, the club has had many fine
speakers and one "near truss" - only a last-minute
jam in-scheduling prevented Marconi from speaking
to the club in the 30s! Among those who did make
it: Major Edwin HL Armstrong, father of fm and
in venter of the superhet. xegea and superregen
receivers; Clarence Tuska, ex-lWD, cofoundcr and
first secretary of ARRL; Charles Stewart, W3ZS,
vice president of ARRL 1922-1936 and watchdog
of radio legislation even earlier; Kenneth B. War-
ner, W1EH, Managing Secretary of ARRL
1919-1948; and John L. Reinartz, K6BJ, holder of
the Hiram Percy Maxim Gold Medal for his early
technical leadership.
SJRA today, some 200 strong, publishes Har-
monics and holds station license K2AA. Under the
leadership of Tuny Slapkowski, WB2MTU, 1970
president, it's active in MARS, Civil Defense, vhf
parties. Field Day, and the DX contest, and holds a
picnic/hamfest, one of the largest on the Hast
Coast, each year. Their special activities for the
fiftieth anniversary of their affiliation are outlined
in a box within these pages.

To these three clubs (and the dozens with

records approaching these) our hearty congratula-
tions, and thanks for the inspiration you supply to
all amateurs!

QST for
 NEW DIMENSIONS FOR VIETNAM
MAtLBAG
Senator Barry Goldwatcr, K7UGA, visited Viet-
nam in December, bringing along some slow-scan
television gear which will remain in Southeast Asia,
making possible transmission of photos of service-
men to their wives, and vice versa.
(lie first transmission was between Cam Ranh
Bay and AFA7UGA in Phoenix on December 7
with William S. Franklin, W7DOZ, operating from
the Senator's ranch, on a MARS frequency of 19*2
MHz. The trick was repeated the next day, with
the Senator transmitting from Tuy lioa.
The TV monitors at both ends were Dumont
304 oscilloscopes with front-end SSTV converters
designed by William H. Briles, W7ABW - watch for
his forthcoming QST story on the technical side of
these converters.
Meanwhile, here's some pictures of the opera- The Senator covers the fine points of SSTV for
A1/c Frank E, Garcia of El Dorado, Kan.
tion.

Barry Goldwater, transmitting from the MARS

station in Tuy Hoa, checks in with AFA7UGA, his Charlie Brown and Snoopy, transmitted from
own MARS station in Phoenix, operated by Arizona, looked like this in Vietnam.
Wiiiiam S. Franklin, W7DOX/AF7DOZ.

Cam Ranh Bay sent this photo of our flag by SSTV And here is the season's most unique Christmas
to Barry's home station, card, as seen in Asia.

April 1970 95
 ews
INTERNATIONAL. AMATEUR BAD TO UNION, THE GLOBAL FEDERATION OF NATIONAL NON-COMMERCIAL AMATEUR
RADIO » O C l t t T l M FOR THE FRO MOT ION AND CO-ORDINATION OF TWO-WAY AMATEUR RADIO COMMUNICATION

ZEs OFF 6 METERS

The Radio Society of Rhodesia has been advised
by the Ministry of Posts that the 50-54 MHz band
is withdrawn from amateur use. The Rhodesia
broadcasting Corporation will be using the alloca-
tion of TV channel E2 Band 1 for a television
transmitter at Gewlo. Amateur activity on the
6-meter hand was r juircd to cease after December
31, 19&9. (Kejftom .VewvJ
DARC PLANS NEW HEADQUARTERS
The General Assembly of the Deuttcher Ama-
teur Radio Club has decided to build a new society
headquarters at a central place in the Federal
Republic of Germany. At present, the main office
uf DARC is located in Kiel (northern Germany)
usid the QSL Bureau in Munich (southern Ger-
many) - some distance apart.
A plot of land has been chosen in Baunatal near
Kttftel, DARC hopes that this location will become
a focal point both for German and visiting foreign
radio amateurs. The new building to be ready in On a recent visit to the Soviet Union, W6HUS met
1971 will contain facilities for administration of with members of the Leningrad Radio. Club. Vic
the Nocicty, the QSL Bureau, meetings, conferences (in the light overcoat) is shown with UA1CK, UA1-
and training courses. KBR, UA1KAI, and UA1AL
WORLD AMATEUR BEACON NET PROJECT
A propagation study by Region 1 (Europe & 29.000 MHr, DL01GI on 28.200 and 28J95 MHz,
Africa) amateurs is now in progress. The following and GB3SX on 28.200 and 28.185 MHz. Recep-
beacon stations are now operative: DL0AR on tion reports on these stations are solicited. Those
for the two West German stations go to Renate
Seidler, DJ61N, D 4812 Bethel near Bielefeld,
Bindenstr. 14, West Germany. Reports of GB3SX
go to Alan Taylor, "Altadena,*' South View Road,
Crowborough, Sussex, England.
NOTES
The Partners of the Alliance announce spoasoi-
shlp of an amateur radio contest to further friendly
relationships between the Americas. The contest
period is from 0000 GMT April 1, to 2400 GMT,
December 31, 1970. Details are available from
Frncst U Bracy, WJRhA, PO Box 88, Readfield,
Maine 04355,
Many amateurs will be saddened to learn of the
passing of ZL1ATS. Ivan, operating during the
early 1920s as Z2AC, was a pioneer amateur and
provided many stations with a New Zealand
contact. jq»H
On the occasion of the 12th Boy Scout Jamboree**
on-the-air, Mohammed Mill. Secretary General of
the International Telecommunication Union, vis-
ited station 4U1ITU Shown are HB9AMS, Bov
SWITCH
Scouts World Bureau Director of Administration,
Mr. Mili, and Salvador Fernandez. TO SAFETY!
96 QST for

mfest Galen
« I Arm »4Mrf 7 [ f ^ t
T &
1
s M w r
1 7
9 7
APR 7w
%
12
*
13
»
14
9
13
o
If 11 ff
14 17 SI
Ala b u n * - The Hirminghamfcst will be hdd this year on
May 3 at the Armory on Oporto Avenue yust oft' U.S. 78
East, near Eastwood Mall). For entertainment, conteatx, net
meeting*, eyeball QSO* and fun for the entire family, plan to
attend. J'Ar further information contact the Birmingham
ARC W4CUE, P.O. Box 603, Birmingham, Alabama 35201,
Georgia- The annual Cotumhu*. (tangia Hamtest will be
held on April 5 at the Fine Arts Building behind ttie
Municipal Auditorium at the Fairgrounds. Fur information
«Tite John Laney, K4BAI, 1905 frts Drive, Columbus.
Georgia 319Ub.
llllnnlR- The Usliwankcc ARC, De Kaib, Minoi*, will hold
their Hamfest May 3. For more information write K9BAG.
Louisiana- The Baton Rouge AAC will hold their annual
Hamfest May 2 and 3 In Baton Ruuge. On Saturday. May
activities will begin in the Hospitality Room at the Holiday
Inn South, from 12:CM) to 5:00 P.M. The banquet will be at
7:Jn at the Holiday Inn South. The picnic will be Sunday,
May 3 at the UCT park, starting at 9:00 AM, Talk-In tm
146.94 and 3.91 U MHz, The Hanton Knuge repeater is on
146.34 "in" and 14b.94 MHz "out." Write BUI Mlxon,
K5SVI\ tor more informadon.
Maryland- The B & O Banquet iv all set for May i at the
American Legion Hal! In Arbutus.
Massachusetts- The South Shore A RC is having an auction
on April 16 at the Viking Huh,
Mfchipn- The South Eastern Michigan AAA will hold It*
annual Swap & Shop on April 12 from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00
P.M. at the Cannon Memorial Rccreution Center tin the
comers of Cadteux and fc. Warren, Detroit, Michigan. Write
WAfiSSX tor more details.
New York The eleventh annual New York State South-
ern t ier Manifest sponsored by the JBM ARC. QCWA, AREC,
and Binghamton ARC will be held on April 18 at St. John's
Memorial Center in Johnson City, N.Y.. starting at 2:00 p.m.
^duit tickets are 14.75 and student tickets are £2.50.
Advaiu* mIc only. Closing date on ticket sales is April IS.
Afternoon activities include speeches* displays and contests.
Surprise events throughout the day. Banquet and dinner
promptly at 7:00 P.M. Tickets and full particular* may be
obtained from Frank Cyidlk, KXWU, 5U9 Torrance Ave.,
Vestal, N.Y. 13KStk Telephone 785-6220, Don't missitl
New York- The 1970 ELA.G.S. Hamfest will be held on
Saturday April 11 at the Song Mountain ski resort In Tully,
N»Y., Just 18 miles south of Syracuse mi Interstate VI.
Starting time is 12:00 noon.
()hin- The IWh consecutive Dayton Hamvcntion, spon-
sored by the Dayton Amateur Radio Association, will be held
at Wamplert Arena Center un April 25 In Dayton, Ohio.
Outstanding technical sessions, unusually large exhibit of the
lutest equipment, hidden transmitter hunt aiui flea market.
An interesting program for the XYL. For information write
Dayton HamventJon, Box 44, Dayton, Ohio 44401.
Pennsylvania- Don't forget the t PA Spring Dinner Meet-
ing at the H'ntnkford Arsenal, Saturday, April 11 at 6:00 P.M.
Advanced reservations are a must. Contact K3WEU or
W3H1C
Vermont- The HARC and CVARC are planning a joint
suppeT meeting April 18 In Montpelier.
Washington— The Skagit Hamfent will be held at Brayant
Grange Itaii near Arlington, Washington April 1J. Activities
include a tour of m i l l i o T M v a t t radio xbtion in area. Contact
Norman Ray, W7LKA, 14005 132 Ave, N.E^ KJrkland,
Washington 9H033.
West Virginia- The Wheeling Radio Club wUl hold their
annual YL-OM Dinner on May 2 at Oglebay Park.
Wisconsin- The Necnah-Menasha Amateur Radio Club is
planning a toual meeting and dinner for men and women on
April 25.
April 1970
PACIFIC-SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION
CONVENTION
Fresno, California May 15-17
The combined Pacific-Southwestern Division
ARRL convention will be held on May 15-17, at
F
3 4
the Hacienda Motel, 99 Hiway at Clinton in
9
1*
»
10
U
11
IS Fresno.
H 75
JO
The Convention will begin with a California
Champagne reception on Friday night. May 15 at 7
p.m. and will continue on Saturday with awap
tables, mobile hunts, mobile equipment judging,
homebrew contest (schematics required), a coil
-capacitor contest, code proficiency testa, MARS
program and lunch, ladies lunch and wig demon-
stration, ARRL Forum chaired by Directors Jean
Gmelin, W6ZRJ, and John Griggs, W6KW, YLRL
Forum, and many other events.
The Western Public Service System will monitor
3.952 ftfHz. from the convention on Friday night
and the West Coast Amateur Radio Service will
monitor 7.255 MHz. on Saturday. Both services
will assist arriving mobiles.
Commercial exhibits and the ARRL Booth,
manned by SCM Ralph Sarayan, W6JPU, will be
open thoughout the day Saturday. There will be
technical talks starting at 9:30 A.M. on Saturday
with Ham Radio and the Law, Stuart Home,
WB6VRJ: Amplifiers, George Grammer, W1DF;
FM, Bill Doyle, WB6SVY; DX, Bob White, WICW;
Emergency Operation, Contests and General Op-
erating Activities, Ellen White, WIYYM and Main-
tenance and Repair of Ham Radio Equipment,
Herb Lion, W60WL-
At 7 P.M. the delegates will dine on prime rib at
the banquet where awards will be made for the
competitive events. At midnight, Wouff Hong
ceremonies will be held.
Theda Nail W6BSW, President of the Western
Public Service System, will hold open house in her
suite Sunday morning for ail members of the
WPSS. Sunday morning breakfasts will be held hy
WesCARS, QCWA and the Trowel Radio Club.
General registration, including the banquet and
the champagne reception is $9.50 until May 12 and
$11.50 after that, All lunches and breakfasts are
optional and tickets will be available at the
convention registration desk.
For further information, registration forms, and
motel reservation cards write ARRL Convention,
P. O. Box 783, Fresno, CA 93712.
COMING A.R.R.L. CONVENTIONS
May 15-17 - Pacific/Southwestern Division,
Fresno, Calif.
June 13-14 - Rocky Mountain Division,
Estes Park, Colorado.
June 19-2t - Orogon State, Bend,
July 4-5 - West Virginia State. Jackson's
Mill.
July 18-19 - West Gulf Division, Orange,
Texas.
September 25-27 - NATIONAL, Boston,
Mass.
October 17-18 - Hudson Division,
Tariytown, N.Y.
OcL3l/Nov.l - Roanoke Division, Raleigh,
N.C.
97
 Correspondence
FromMembers-
I V p u b l i s h f r s o f QST itsaume n o riMpomibUEty f o r s t a t e m e n t s m a d e h w l n by m r M p o n d e n t i ,
AUSTRAL1S-OSCAR5
• ) listened around 20 and 4u lut night, and I
reckon every amateur in Australia must have been
uii the air expressing justifiable pride in their
Americar. cousins who succeeded in orbiting their
"Kangaroo Special." • Bruce H. Rowlings.
ZL I WB, Northland, New Zealand.
• On behalf of the East Coast VHF Society,
WA2WEB, I wish to congratulate everyone who
contributed toward the success of Australis-Oscar
The many hours of dedicated work which went
into the satellite are surely appreciated by
amateurs everywhere. - Jack Tompkins, K2ffHS,
l.odi§ NJ.
• 1 wish A R R L the best of luck with the A-O 5
satellite. We are ali following it with great interest.
- /L & Marsten* Director, Communications
Programs, Office of Space Science JF Applications,
NASA, Washington, IXX
• . . .much success In this worthwhile project. It
is good to know that members of your League are
striving to keep abreast of Che latest satellite
technology and I am sure that they will make their
rightful contribution in the satellite field. - Jean
d*Arcy\ Director, Radio A Visual Services Division,
United Nations, JV Y.
OSL QUIZ
• lake a gummed blank envelope (thuthicker the
gum the better)* Told it into two, put it inside
another envelope and send it airmail to a tropical
country with a temperature of say C and a
relative humidity of not less than 90%. forty eight
hours after landing in the new country, what will
be the condition of the inner envelope?
I bet of the W-hams who k?wJ me QSLs
direct dont know the answerl - R. Jayaraman,
VU2JN. Trivandritm, India.
ARRL - MILITARY
• Re the letter from WB2BC1 and WB2ZXZ in
February QST% I have heard and read some feeble
and ridiculous reasons for dropping out of. or not
joining, the A R R L ; but [ think these two
gentlemen, using the Amateur's Code out of
i-ontext, have reached a new low. i . - J* It
Bo wen, Jr., WB2SPJ, Haddonfield, NJL
• I wish to join in attacking the League for
cooperation with the military. It is Important that,
in the name of humanity, not to mention justice,
the largest organisation of U.S. amateurs renounce
all ties with the oppressive and murderous
Military-*industrial Simplex . . Daniel Reiner,
WB2DSK, PteasantviUe. NY.
• . . , Just how do these idealists propose to
maintain peace, freedom and justice? With whose
power? Perhapu flower power? - Ernest C. Farkas,
KJCBW. Catonsville, MD.
98
• , . , There is no doubt that the armed forces are
trained to take measures to safeguard our country.
To have waded ashore at Tarawa carrying flowers
or to have scaled Mount Surabachi crying "peace"
would not have gotten the job done- I hold no
brief with the gentlemen who wrote you, but 1
admit to a certain amount of consternation at your
publishing it* I feel that your decision to publish
this letter constitutes an affront to those whose
sense of dedication to duty caused them to lay
down their lives to assure our continued freedom. 1
can find nothing in the declaration of objectives of
the A R R L that would be promoted by the
publication of such letters. - Floyd M. Thomason,
It. CoL, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve, Whitehaven,
TN:
• It is encouraging to see the Leagued journal
Hgain demonstrating it has the courage to be
objective in its outlook on todays problems, by
publishing such tripe as the letter from the two
dtsaffectionate, ill-willed and bitter members who
are not renewing for the coming year. - G.
SehaaU W4PEL Tavares, FL,
• ()e lighted to see that WB2BCI and WR2ZXZ
decided to quit the League. Jerks like that we
don't need. At least now 1 can say I have heard
everything. C. Harold CampbellB W2fP, Aft.
Vernon, NY, JEOITOR'S NOTE* We've received a
couple dozen other expressions in the same vein.)
T H A N K S OM
• As in past years, I am very happy to renew my
membership in our A R R L . You'll get no crying
and damning from this member.
Nothing on earth can be all things to All people
but A R R L surely approaches being all things to all
amateur* in these United States and other parts of
the world.
Certainly, I may disagree with some A R R L
policies and activities but 1 also occasionally
disagree with certain policies of the Governor o f
Kentucky, the President of the United States and
society in general but I do not propose to noisily
walk out on any of these because of such
disagreements. One has the right to disagree with
anything he so desires but not to destruct because
of disagreement.
The A R R L holds a priority in my list of
memberships and affiliations and 1 shall support it
to the best of my ability.
I dislike the phrase "keep up the good work"
because it sounds like something one would say if
one had nothing better to say. I have stated, above,
how 1 feel: You have my complete support, day to
day, year to year, whether or not I agree with all
you do.
Don't fc,keep up the guod w o r k " r . , push
diligently ahead foT improvement and
advancement! - Walter tL Yeary. K4ABLIK5HZG,
Louisville. K Y.
QST for
 9N1LEG
• If I show as much (eg as 9N1RA (Feb. QST),
can 1 get my picture In the same issue twice?
I have tentatively decided that you are most
definitely not an Old Man. Leaves me wondering
who it is in this case that's the sharp operator. -
Francis K. Williams, WB4GTS. Washington, DC.
• I have recently decided to become a deaf child operator or the Indian runner but 1 would
and move to Nepal. - Greg LaRocqiie* WAMHW,
Pawtucket, Rl
URBAN PROBLEM
• ! have agreed with the ARRL's position on
many issues including the controversial incentive
licensing system. However, I am movt displeased to
*ee the Board of Directors, in their November
meeting, turn down three motions (items f22, 23,
26) that would have aided the urban ham against
the growing flood of cheap, unshielded, solid state
electronic items that are making urban area
hamming even more difficult than before.
Maybe our directors live in plush suburban
surroundings where this Is not a problem. But most
Americans live in cities and the urban ham is being
overwhelmed by TVI, BCf, Taperecorder country and the world.
Interference* Hi-Fi Interference, Intercom
Interference, etc., etc. If the League wants Ham
Radio to grow, you had better do something for
the urban ham. - Niekolaus Legzett, WB9BVIJ3*
Baltimore, MD\
MIKES AND KEYS
• You say* "December, QST carries ads from met a ham I didn't like. Hams are a great hunch of
seven different manufacturers of electronic keys,
but as it happens, none in this issue on
microphones. Some kind of message here?"
Yes, there is. It comes in, 40 over 9. Surprised
you didnt copy. Perhaps you had QSB. The
message is that since incentive licensing, folks are QST staff, as listed in the January, 1470 issue, hold
defecting the fone bands, ordering electronic
keyers, taking them from the shipping package and
learning to use them on the air. What comes nut
doesn't even sound like Kata Kana. Old Saml
Morse must be spinning over in his grave when he
hears that stuff.
Kke it easy when ur NSTing ur new Ptenna pd
dont give ur rite nag. Sappy new year. - Manuel
"Pete" Fernandez. W4SMt Greenville* SC
9 League Lines states there are no ads for obtained the coveted top of the line amateur
microphones in this issue. If you check pages I, license! In the Callbook there are 257,931
136 and 144 you wilt see three ads for
microphones. Electro-Voice has a full page adl
before you use the words "none in this issue1* you
better check with your Advertising Manager.
1 believe there is a place for both cwand phone
work, hut don't try to influence the amateur radio
fraternity with false information* . . - Afilo
Moucha, W4T!Jt A texandria, VA. f E Dl TO R'S
NOTE: By "this" issue we meant the one being
discussed in the item, i.e., December.!
QST DELAY
9 I sure wish my QST would come before the
middle of the month! On the average, since 1
moved to my new QTH, it has come several days
after the first every month. And this month I
didn't get it until the 10th. So please check and
pull my address out of the back of the file. If it's
not your fault, then let it ride, because the Host
Office has enough problems without me nagging
them about efficiency. . * - Curt Holsopple,
WB9CAFt Goshen. IN.
April 1970
• As a subscriber of several years, as a League
member of a similar time, and as a defender of the
League's policies (it is amazing the amount of
defending those policies are requiring nowadays), I
feel 1 am entitled to receive my cupy nf (?S7'long
brfore the newsstands receive theirs. This time
they beat me by a good three weeks.
I don't know if the fault lies with the dog sled
appreciate it if you would tell them to mush it up
or step it o f f a little more quickly and get my copy
to me before this late date, - Curl Greene,
WA5QYJI5> Houston* TX [EDITOR'S NOTE;
The February issue was received by members in
some areas of California on the 2nd; in some parts
of Texas it had not been received by the 20th -
this despite the fact copies for all areas were put in
the mail the same time, Jan* 20-21!]
GREAT HOBBY
• Today is my fifteenth birthday; as I count my
blessings, I consider my amateur radio license one
of my most cherished possessions. 1 have been a
ham for a year next month. During this time I have
had QSOs with over 1,200 hams, all over the
Not many things are more thrilling than the first
" C Q " and the resulting contact - except perhaps
the first DX QSO.
Ham radio is the best thing that has happened to
my life. It has opened my career prw&tibilities to
most applications of electronics. The Great Will
Rogers unce said, " I never met u man 1 didn't
like/' In the short time I We had a ticket, 1 never
guys. - DavcBushong, W840DNt Fairfax, VA.
INCENTIVE?
• I was shocked to find that less than half of the
fcxtra Class licenses. According to the fall 1969
Amateur Radio Call Book Magazine, aeven ( ? )
members hold Amateur Extra, seven (7) General oi
Conditional, and four ( 4 ) Advanced Class licenses,
- {Name withheld by request},
m Congratulations on the fine showing of the HQ
Staff on incentive licensing! in checking the list on
page 77 of January QST against the Fall i v * ^
Call book, 1 note that about half of the staff have
amateurs (excluding Novices, club and military
stations) and a total of 4,453 Amateur Extra Class
license* are given. This is a 3.7 percentage for the
entire S. in Extra status, - D. Ross Webster*
W6CZP, Pomona, CA.
m I would like to suggest the name — Invective
Licensing. - John E. Ball. Sk W5REL, Slideli. La.
%
• Ever since incentive licensing has taken effect, T
have read or heard about how unfair it is. Well 1 am
sick of it.
Where were these go-called hams before it
began? Crying over spilt milk won't do any good.
If we are going to take a passive viewpoint and
continue bickering on and o f f the air, wv will loose
ham radio. - Robert Lepeiletier> Jr., WB4KCM
Alexandria. VA.
The Post Office Department promises faster mail
service with the Zip codes. Use yours when yon write
Headquarters. Use ours, too. It's 06111,
99
 CONDUCTED B 7 ROD NEOTKIHK* W8BBD
And now in response to irrepressible demand
(our own) we close out the X)X Test question-
naire aeries ixuttigated by reminiscences of W2QP.
Having already covered subject matter of forty
years ago, then some suggested material for con-
temporary use, we now provide samples of inter-
rogatory transmissions for forty yearn hence,
ARRL's InternaUonai/Intergalactic D X Com-
petition in the year 2010. . , »
D-14, Wliat is your QBOfr»peracond D X contest
average?
M4. Are your front feet higher tban your back
fefttt
E-A3. Do yon like the new mint-Savored QBO
B-34. Does your joy liaht blink red or sre*u when
you book a new one?
H-7* Hot do yon ke«p people fromfiddlingwitb
your food back loopeT
K-9. Do rnaipiettc atonn* ever ipve you Golds and
R-9* Are chrome sideburns tbe style in your
country?
N-Itf, Do you have any painfully bight knobs?
D-23. Have you ever been (a) scratched, or (b)
G-8. Do you know any throe-footed transceiver*?
1-85. How would you avoid collecting fundus
in the tropiort
V-17. Do you ratber enjoy your trips to the
factory?
R-14* Does your present owner keep you dusted
and well polished?
C-20. Do you eject QSLt during or after QSOs?
Y-ltt, How many operator* eao you teat con-
secutively?
M"1S. Wbat type of lid really turna you off?
* 7803-B West Lawrence Ave„ Chicago, HL 006JH,
5H3LV, whose impressive premises served at your
February QTH of the Months k the most active of several
available Tanzania tempters. Garth enjoys code or voice
sport on frequencies high or low. (Photo via WA1KQM)
100
Whoops — we're slipping into a technical rut
again. Better turn the topio to a more diverse
category before we lose some OB types. How
about something along this line? . . »
F-6, Are you a member of the American Radio
Readout League?
X-I7. What do you think of Incentive Pro-
gramming?
A-13. Have you helpod and coeouzajced any
Novice transceivers lately?
B-8. Do you *mr get utatic from Big Daddy,
the FCC oomputerr
D-3». What's tba resale value of a 'OS D X
hound In Mr condition?
K-3w Did you have troublefinancingyour present
owner?
Kooky queries? Not at all, merely fruition of
current automation trends unchecked, friends.
You see, self-operating/logging/QSliing com-
puter transceivers will frolic in DX Tests of the
future. What happened to all the ex-operators?
Oh, they're QRL discussing sex, religion and
politics down at what used to be radio club
meetings*
Whoa
Those W/Ks who feared AllRL's five-Band
DX Century Club offering was some sort of
DXdusrve Extra Class plot may rest easier now.
As such it doesn't work. WlWQC, with an or-
dinary Advanced ticket, writes: *t Worked
HK0BKW on 76-meter seb February 9th to
complete the required 500 contacts. Still a long
way from collecting the (jtiLs to prove it but
I suspect I may be the first non-Extra to make
this claim." Ham found it necessary to use cw
only on 7 MHs. Hey, any Generals out there
nearing 5B-DXCC payoS?
Wbat:
1 R meters, that vast D X melting pot, regales allcomers
NbvJoe throughtixfcraalike. I r a Ume we spun your
"HowV dial acroee 21-MJjj phone frequencies, remem-
bering that numeral! in parentneaee are IwloHertw* above
the Low band edge, and t u t digits outside parena ore ClPffn-
wioh Mean Time whole hour*. The band is jammed &o
squirt the beam by continent. . , .
SIA —HL9e UT (3791 10, UU 10, UZ, HS1» BD fSOO)
A L 2-JLUt (W5) tl, 'JAa IAEA 1BAX 1CXL lCBL
icyj 1DEV 1DWM laaw IHIE 1HM 1HNO XJXlT
1KSO 10DC 1CDT 10MV IftGM 1RJW 1KNI 1RTTT
iBLisz l a s r i t x b ic;io ivui i w a p t w h k i w k v
IYNX IZAA 1ZNX 2BU3 2JQOY 2BQ 2FSC 2GPC 3HOA
2HLTM 2HZA 21KK aiXG 2IYJ 2JCW 2KMX 2MBL
2NOW SNPO 9WWK 20TP W.IXP SPDQ »PH SQBA
20WT 2RCQ aVFT 3AYJC 8BLC 3COX HOY! SCZH
3CZV 3DJL iEMtT 3FVJ 3QAV SO** 3IG 3JKW fljfr'lf
&JUB SECVT 3LUK #MZ8 3PNE 3QGI 3QXT 8BTU
MTY 38VJ STGQ 3TKL 3TVQ 3U6A 8UTN 3YBF
3YCT 4HPP 41>YB 4BHK 4FAN WET 4FK 4GJK
4GLZ &BLF SCMO SDMX SDAXftAOESDSG SDUK
6D2A SERR SHKC 6ITLU tfKSff 6KZKrt£FXffJNQ
SJWC 8KCY SLUL 7ARD 7B8V 7BWV 7T>FE TOZh
7DZN 7FVT 7GKP 7YAG 7YFV 7YT SBAX 8B10 SBQJ
8CAO 8DGG 8 0 L I 8DNZ H\)QQ SEAT 8EDU 8EL
SFCG 8GLP SGXU SOW 8TL GAPS 9AVA 9CVR 0CNU
UYAO MBCTA tfCVZ 6CXJ SDAI KD8L SF&CB 0STAC.
JHla ACH B J R B L X BRP CUB CXQ DUL D W U
Q £ X for
 MoricefReefs name is now ncvre in DX annals thanks to OH2s BW KK (bft and right) plus other errferprtttg Finnish
DXpedRIanen who scored almost ten kiloQSOs from fhe Baltic lighthouse island in December and January. About five
thousand Stateside QSOs and 140 countries were bagged. SRAL president OH2NB warns of more OJ0 action ahead
(Photos via WA6AUD, West Coast DX Bufleffn)
£HO PUK HON HBN HUM JTA KCP KKC NNB NVE
OnMoOOJ OPT TLN JRIn BBIfi DUP, KM 2K8 9MF\
WV (330) 9-10, 8MB BM!)
h W 1, 6ZB 80A, MP4B B11V (3Q8)
,275) TON TCZ YI» A (3801 11,
o u f a B Z mo) i s Jur 17, HA. 9W b t t W i *
AJ (304J 13,1)J (376) 11, UV9PP 14, VS.
6AA 6AD bAL (341) 16, 6BE (800; 2.' 9MB (301)) 16,
VU2. BKO L>K (290) 0, KV (338) Id.xW&i Ab (295) 12
SSJSKLLi- ™ H.L) Hi C ZG4AK ffi i j
W0) i?. BL (320) 81. F<$ GB ( 3 l H ) a i , G ?
a sBMssft,' s N,Ki <»"» »-'»• »»• H
A ^ / t ^ ^ V i ^ T ( 3 1 6 ) 17.CN8s (!H Ml) (311) 22,
A HMSB 14, PI (310) B, CRj 4BB (336) 10. 4BI 6CA'
<M5> 21, 6HK 6IY (202)
18. 6J8 6JW 31, 6KX (308) 20 6LC (293) B), 6Wi 6LV
(296) 22 6LX (303) IB. 6TP (877? 0, 7AO 7B0 7DS 7IZ
^30) J.8, 7Pr{ 16, EA.8BK (327) 14, 8DH 8EF SEZ (2U2)
18. 8FF (368) 17, 8GK (329) 21, «GZ (302» 18, 9A1 (388)
8. 9AQ (393) 17, 9KI (840) 19.9ER 2501 33, K l V S d
6U) 8*8(335) 19, 2AY 2BE 8^1 (310 19, 2BV (310i 13
3T 7B (378) 23. SCf 8RL 9B (388) 21,9C (316) 17. ffW. wi
(386 19, RBXi bSA (341) 16. FUte AO 11, MB l», FRKTW
(876) I f . T J l a AH AT (390) 8-9, AU Il/PNSBK (280) 23
™ An I Ml, TU2. AB 17-18. AZ 14, BR BQ (260> 19
VOfcOO (300) 19, CR CW (IW» 18-16, X T ^ k 2l7 ZI&
3 ' 1 L«0) 18-81 SltftR (331) I8.8KP (399) 2lf»BN (370)
ft^M10^3^,*0' «2W), 2KL 8J(J (360) 19, 4J8
« w BJL, ZSB 1CD 1JU IPF 2PX 2RM 3AVA 18 3C
/ W i v ^ J ? 8 ^ ^ 1 1 ^66) 3R Taoo) 19
3H 3WF 18, SXQ (316) 20, 4MSS 4NJ fiFF AOE 6TK 6AJ>
6AO 6APU SAR BAWR 6BDO tiBDV OBEV 6WJ<. 8 J J
6TL BVE, 3V8. At, (3481 17, MOL (305) SI, 1TN
» 3T 3TX (310, L8, 5H3*' JL (3flO)J9. 1& (3M)
1316.) U M K (300) 81, 5N3» AAtf Ifi-lfi
^ B ^ B H ^ e S ) fej-33 5fe«A8 (270) 20. STSAfl (366) II
KK (340) 21, Kb (300) 30
81. IM C338) 20, LW <3611 38. Lx, At
(«20) 8-9, BM DP (333) 17, 1)Y (243) i4 XX 7P8AM
S ^ o , 7 0 7 . AM W n i b 21, kuww S n ^
9£3[rHA, 9F3UHA. 9G1< OS (SIB) 17-18 HC 9J2s IfK
(303) 18, WR (231) 18, WH (396) in. QOSi fej(8raM»--2n
BM CP 18. DG (300) I», KA (390 ^ F K (380) 19
(346) 20. NW Qh SN (308) 18- 9, Y O U S i CH (302) 33
^ { m 18* ^ ( a b °» 10, EL ( S 19
flGEANIA — DU« 6WB (298) 0, 7ER (307) 17. EG6CP
U KGfe AOQ (333) 10, AQV tin, K H6B AH AJCT^JiW
21, CI) GKI23TQMP 23, U 1 ,N"R RB (303) 8BPf32m il
KAI6BI, KL7I)TH/Kti« 1 0 / K ^ C a r Z n k W ^ R A '
<331? 11, G.I (898) 1, KXbbB(£>S)l\ VK"' fand AX«1
aAPK O ZKKA (381) 3, 8KM 2 Wf^APlT 3SM 3 1 ^ 4FH
|WR 4ZW 5BB 5FM fifrfi 7CK TDK 7GK 7JK 7RM 9KY
(880) 16, 9LB (380) 2, 9MB (305) 8-3. 9RY (373) II, 9X1
(384) 4, YR6TC (335) 23-0, YBs 1AK IAN fM7) ta-iA
IBM 9A\C 13, 0AAR (Ml> 14. Z U (anri ® JAWL
1H), IIJIMHtf 1QW 2AFT 3AVY 8 M 8CI) 3JO 30N
3RB 3UM 3VX 4ML, 9M*i KME and FMF (Ififi) 1-8.
f-aniw u « t — Oceenift sppeara to h&va t&ken title u
^ ^ Sl-MHj oontinent on voice. Where have all the
VKyZLs acme?
April 1970
EUROPE — GTs 1BK 1BH (899) 33, GD (2«7) 17, 1JH
^ (810) IS. lOK 10F (313) 20, l&D 1 l/K (316) 20.11TW
(396) 19. li.K (343) 17-21, DMftM AO. 4GT
?306> IB, 6AR (AQO) 19, 6BO 6RH 6B&i 6BN (275) IB,
felB ZBL I3U4I 19, 3BK 19, 8H (882) 19, ft 2*18 MJE 5RV
5WY WW 8AI,X 8MH 9EW, a few dcu^n (is, G O 2FMV
m . Vk™ (374) 17. q S 8FXN
(3101 10-17. 9AM0 (2981 15, 9AM2 MW BAG. HV3SJ
(384) 16. l i s DPI Gltl GMO INK JX LLZ M l ) NAL
ROQ VV ZPK. 181s LIO (385) 16-17. LMN S w ,
6, S u a MIS (326) 20, lTlSPI (364) 21, j t f s 3XK (334)
16, 7CH (336) 14, JX> SDH (310) 16, BP (280) 14, 4YM
MB) 14, LAs LUtl (300) 14, LXa 1AF l H " l T
<»1» 17, 1SK (382) 10, 3CQ (817) 17, 9DD, LZx
2KB 2KKZ, MID (342) 17, OE» 3W8L (380) 18, 6FWG
(WW) 31. Ofls 1VR (280) 19, 2XF 19, 5TV M l&Wl
(807) 17, OKa 1118 <30«) 17, 8ABU'ON.
4WA WE 8NM BYB Ozi^LO 19, 2\Vo 6GB, P f ^ A v U
8LR XKJ XTO PI1KMA, SKs 6AJ (296) lfi. 0OC 19,
SMb WOJ 5WJ 6CEL BCKU BCOH 7AAH 7At 7DK/1*
f F ^ M J * ' I A K 1AH> HW1I (366) 16, 0 W
16-M, 0WT 16, TPBb WKP WLM (316) 1», WI^ (343)
14 UAa 1I)Z (266) 16, 2AO (385) IB, (340) 14.
J 3FF 3KAG 3KNi> W 1H. 3WJ (310) 1BV4KZZ
104,4QL (312) 16, UBS. Wl (305) 19-20L Of) <317) 15,
W k w J (318) lfi, UF6CA (300) 19, UOSkAX (340) 1
UV3FD W t o KH 1M 16, VWON
^ 1BCD (339) 0, J ITU (377) 15, SACD
17-31, 3TC6, ZMs
^ B B X 3A8. AM (MOO) 17. CL (311) 16j 4U1ITU (330) 81,
9HJ. BL BP (340) 13,1 (336) 14 and Ik.
01,11 l r N SAD 3ADX StF SPY
i»? a r T S U H 3V< 1 3 X y 8DP 6GB (K1W 8AA
OAK (333) 17, CPs 1GN 1IIW SAK ADB (370) 11, 6HM/6
6FB «UI (306) 8, CXs (end (TW») iXK 1JM
ffl 2?* ,3?H t»80) 10-11, 7BBS (376) 0, 7BF
$50) 0AA(3OO) 21, FY7» YQ <308) 17, YR (366)
j j i « 8 0 M 6 , IMG ITH 3?Jfi 20(1/1 19, 2HM
?OA 20M 2RZ 2WM 3MK 6FSJ 8LG 6KI) 8GS (305) 81,
I1K. 1BYP 3AKR 3BBT) 4BNC 0AI (347) 16,
340) 16-21. KG4b AAF (3001 17-0, USM (310) 0, HBP
(WX, LIT. {DAB 1BFK 2.ACY 2IXJO 2HV3JAY
3QC 8AEF 3AIM 8MZ flFK flAfV 8HCA 8KAE 9DAC.
OAs 1BT 1t;0 4A8 4BA 4F 4JO 41)8 4LM 4S0 BBW 6BV
7BA7BW SV, PZfl 1BF (286) 80, 1CU 38-0, 1DB (361) 0,
H)H 0AA (333) 30, P J . 1AA (280) IB, 2CQ 3CW 18, 8Arf
9C1B (3131 12, FY. 1OZ0 ir)AQ_lH t r l t C C INK 1TP
2BFF 2KFF 2ELS 2FR 3BEW &BH 8BYC 7LM V o N
f,X?; ^ I A B 9 1WH 2KO 4WT 6BOK
milt,, ZP* 3CW (363) 21, 6BI 6DV (8491 1. 6DY 11
J5KM 8, SGJ 5GS 6JR 6Kir 6MO (345) S3, 7^F, 4M1A*
?7fi) lfi-16, 8R1U (336) 20, 9Y4. AA CR D8 (290) 23,
DX end VT.
H ^ A B O i r r f i - C O . 2(tx 21)0 (248) 30, SRA,
n j w . TO 12. TI XX (311) 20, FMTWfa <289
14. HI8b AGS 14. XBA XBK XXX 18, HP. 1EM KIA
/ c («jW 0, ULAK 1XGL (882) 22. (360) 13.
HRb lEMM (200) 15, IJZ ltfAfl M 18.1KB (8S81 23-0,
2WTA, KG4b AA (385) 18, AN (205) 1$, DO (330). Dfif
101
FB8ZZ, amateur insVaDaHcn of the Amsterdam south Indian Ocean weather station n temporary home of successive
French radiomen on DX assignment. Operator Gllbertr shown here, was recently relieved by fresh custodian Georges
(370), KL7* AZZ CBG GCT (334) T, GMA/mm, JDO
m v i m . AAil1 fami Q( 4 T n iini ynexv m
B » DU I I (300) 0, IB (340) 3, LJJ (390) 23, Alt* 14,
NG PA PM KIj BP <33S> 0, 8W 21-23, T C * 4?iF ACID
ftGF 9RN ORB 9UP (235) 10, TIs 2AAC 3BJII (300) 19,
SiFCD (.811) 33. 2HT SWA ZU8A 33, 2WJU 1390) 20,
2 VI 2 VP 23. 5AA (900) 30, SUM (378) 13, 7CG (333) 19,
7DL 19, 7NN (303) 1ft, 7NQ (280) 19, 9AT (2441 16. 9M1,
WA3GqriVVP3A (3731 31, XEs IBDfc IBM ICR 1FU
UKJW IJP IBtfY 1TX 1UA IXB 2IG 3AF (36(1) 19,
3JD, YNS U>C IHP 1KBM (383} 13, LIMA (3131 21,
1RR 18V (360) 31, 1UHA 3JH (3UUi,4LQ9 4RWW (338) 0
also displaying their HT tmn, YSs tPH (330) 19, JJL
(343) 3, lJNL 1J8L 1NCT (348) 33, lOfdA !KFF 1XEE
l805) 0.3ACB3PH <300),*Y5sBT (338) 19,OA (1*5) 13,
SPlfis DO (380) 33 end D&.
The prneeding documentary spot-ohfick is the work of
W* lARR IVRK 3liV 3FA1X 3HNK 4YOK 6YRA SYOR
9BF BLNQ, K* 4TWJ 7BFL» WAs 1FHU 1JHQ UKSi
SECT 2BHJ 3DFP 2KOH 3YW7t 3GVP 0BQW 9BQY,
WBs 3DZZ liGVE 4K2G 4LIL 8ABN and th« dubs press.
Boon yotir "HowV* Bandwagon will tour other slots with
the guidance of (10 phone) Ws 1]
8YGR
3GVP 4Zair ttBQW 9SQY, WBs 2BCT 3DRB
4KZG; (10 uw> Ws 1UTY 3ITME 3JZJ/5 4YOK SYftR,
KB 3Clh 4TW4 fiMHG/ft, WAs IFifor 2BCT 2BHJ
OVU'R 30VP
3YWR xrtVP QROV
9SQYV W
WBsR . 3HZZ
ehsns ampj
4KPJ 4KZG: ran
(20 nhnn^
phone)
Ws 3HNK 4Y0TC OK aBYRA
V' 8YGR
: — 9LNQ,
: _ „ Ks HRF 4TWJV
WAs 1FHCT1HAA1JMR2BCT 3BTTJ 30 VP MZU 6HQW.
WBfa JYB KZG: (20 cw) Wa I DAL 4YOK 42YT 7TTN
8YGR 9DY 9LNQ, Ks 3MMG/B STRF «GSV. WAs IFHU
IJ MR 2BHJ 3F0B 3HDZ 3YWR KC4VP 4CKM 5CTAX
WOY, WB4s OAK JYB, YE7BAF; (40 pjionu) WAIs
,1KZ JMR; (40 cw) Ws 4YOK 7YTN 9EY, KOTRF,
WAs IFHU 13KS? U M R 2BC?T 2HDZ 2YWTI 3GVP
5UAX 9BQY WB4GAH; (76 phone) W1VVQC, WA1JMR;
(Nil
Nil ew) U
Wn 1HWX 9EY, WA1FHU; and (100 cw) WlBB.
More
^fore 21-
2l-MHs ew due vrentually, too, thanks to Ws
4ZYT 6BZK, WA" IFHU U K Z 1JMR 2BCT 3BHJ
2DFD 2HDZ 3GVP AUAX 90QY, WBs 2l>RB 9CJS, WNs
3KEA 6YMW and VB7BAF. Re<tupAr»ted from thft '70
ARRL 1)X Teat yetT R*mind*r: Your Contest rcvults,
large or email, are nmiM at League desks on or before the
10th of this month* Jt, gang!
Where:
ASIA — K4BPL still managing TAlAM's QKT<s, point*
/a. out that TAs IRT and 380 now have thetr rardu
handled by WA3H1IP N m r give tint W9EB iu^t
received bureau delivery of an 8J1AB QBL eonfirming
Q m in August, 1980.
AFRICA — LRAA QSt chief KL3B1) announces, f l Q 8 U
J \ for Uberian stations now esn be seat via Liberian
Radio Amateur Association QBL Bureau, P.O. Hox 1477,
Monrovia. This notine is ueeenary becaizse ELls and Kb2s
received cards via differpint addresses in the past/1
iaJuet received KL8C loos for October, IWiS, to December
31, lartV." advises W3BYY. " W e l l Q»L 100 per cmtt via
9U&RHf now back in Belgium "Let the Bta
102
fellows who await QftLs from m* know that I have been
i .1 i...' . a drniM i^iu u.'^ •iLisilir . . J
uruDiem. wo^r*., ny trie my* nuw lenos z/©oi>lc* paste-
boards as of January 16,1970 W4LF handles
CjSLs for the North aod South America Q60» uf W3W8
VB1ACU eomuients, "Receipt nl Jogs is quite
Blow from «nm* uf VWlAriJ's remote ooeratlonsp 55D9BP
being one of the latest. We check camuity to make sura
each QBO claim is valid before we srbd the card." T _ . _ , -
"I'm hoping VQ9RK and 1 can work out something so we
won't hjtv* to depend ooly on the mails for Jog*/ states
Bob's QRIj aide, W9VNU, "Cards began arrivingin early
January but no QHi) data as y e t " . _ , Geoff Watt's
DX y*m-Ske& hears that Agalega stations may soon
stgti tfita calls, Brandon 3B7, Mauritius 3B8 and Rodri-
t?ttp* Rtf9, VQHC7KB, for example, would become 3B70F.
I7UROPE — CT9AT says the best address for W/tvs to
X j use is C- Wartes, VJ6. Navy, A H ) , New York, K.Y.,
0940R. Others may do better using Warbes, Barrio
Americano K-l.W BA4f Lajes Field, Terceir*, Asrms,
#1ln July I'll no Irmjenr be active here. Cards can thru be
M-nt with s,a.*.e. to K7UWT/' . . . Vhf in Russia
begun $i-Uh the 10-meter band. Hence DX Newt-Shed
lints out that ynu may enoonnter 38-MH i stations sigtunf
UJB.B.R. <aRM vhf prrtixee; «MU RB5ICC would be I TBS,
KA9CBK is UA9, eta. Hirngsnan KCi prefixes fixes —
are simUariy
found on ten, ^ . ^, _ West Coast OXButUHiiiOflfinsaysCTlUiS,
out for NCDXC's coveted California Award, is still shy
plenty of QS1* from the HfX> 8ixes be has worked. Cough up t
V*Vn^Anrwrp» uPrt- a v rr ^imJd
H ^ ^ ^ S S S t T J ^ S ^ i J ^ o m J S r ^ S T t o
Jh,,^
W40PM who wm keeps
keeus busy enough.pustang
enough pushing pasteboaevxs
pasteboards tor
KM7s WF WQ and WH "As of December l-UgVl
I'm i & b lAanaffer for HR1K8." rtnx>rds WAtfWKW
. WB4KYXS arrangement to handle 0V5ET*s con-
firmations dates from January 17, 1970 "My
New Orleans addrses wjII get jjuioker results,1 hints
WA9RAT concerning his KRaHHp emanations
uh>Hind out how to confirm 103 out of utily UO countries
worked," reveals WA6EQW. "Write the luwarda every
two months* Alsn, (*od bLess our CMJL managers.1
VP^BWY discloses, "As VPBMA^s QBL inan&«er 1 hold
1'*h beginning May 10, 1969/* Bay. unless they
exprewty agrw to the routing, don't count on ijfiL managers
to accept cards for clients via bureaus. For trample, don t
ship a eard for TTftAW to QSL rep WlBPM via the
latter's local bureau. Q8L managers shouldn't be expected
to foot the bill for resulting redundant reshipments • - • •-
West OX Bulletin Yn* it that International Reply
hack to their countries of o r i g i n K f r l B J M , despite
QHI* indicating otherwise, wasn't on the air from Decem-
ber, 19*7, toTprii of In similar aungs-on, K0MOO
disclainis any FT^ CjK(/< manageria ftmoeetions» and K8BB
QEQv
oomfnate prompt Mtnera-l«i:k DL4JS, EI0HV. KL2BR
FB8XX. GM3CSM, HA3MJ* HB9AMO. HL9VF, UR1-
RBP, I1BVP, Kltfis U R8, KP4DPA, KR6TA, IfflflDH,
K W t L I-X1AF, PZ1AK. SV0WO, TR8MC. IJM8FM,
VItth* ZUlBN/a and 7Q7AM, plus Ws UYY fVCUF.
K3E8T, WAttAliF. WB8ABN. F2M0 and ZI4AFZ in the
pruprietorial department, aa this month's "CK^Lers of the
i
Month/'. Candidates in your file?
ft t a ai • _ I • « . I
"Alpl The fal-
. . . i J - J ! _
lowing italicised brethren desire suggesthms on
a
wallpaper from holdouts mentioned: WXLX* EL3s AQ
QST for
 who now doai his part to sproad DXCC cheer. Tho volcanic island's scientific party of about 40 to heavily outnumbered
by a snobbish sea elephant colony. (Phofoi via VE1KG)

WA3MGA/KP4 (to WA3MGA)

WA9RATAIR3 (to H R l l l HP or WA9RAT)
WC7ARS, Box 73. Boulder, Nev., 8U006
XE2BZ, liHida Jimioes, Box 6, Nuevu, Oaerrero, Tampe.,
^ T S & S r ^ Y ? * * i v W F , MTtrWi wa* Mexico
ttML SMM 9Y4LQ; and WB2LLG,fiA3PY'67, A^jr tips? ZK1AJ, Box «), Kwotonoa, Cook Is. (or v i i KHfiGLU)
Sfupteers for oversea* vps in 2PWI. o/o tr.S. Bmbamy, APO. New York, N.Y., UUUU1
need: WAs 2CBIS 2FLT 6UHK 8TDY, WBs 4 U L w d 5T5BG, Box 638, Moiwkohvtt. Mauritania
BBTU. 6Y5ET (via WB4EYX; see tert;
QOUTH AMERICA— PJ2P8 affirms through WAS- 7Q7CZ,P.O. BoxfiB6B,Lunbv, MaU
O H M M that tbe Netherlands Antilles QSL bureau 7X2LOU, Box a, Alger, Algeria
address 10 Box 388, Curacao UUXA'a OK 8 W . AV 0 0 (ue text)
Bulletin relays WA2WIJYb assertion that HC8 KN works no 9J3NC, M, Chapman, Box 124, Lusaka, Zambia
©w despite QBL receipts
«>A UnnjlUrflCJk _ to the
t VV contrary HK7UL
« 1 _J_ ft rf • _ J". AXJfKW (via VK7SJ) PJ8KH (to W2UV1
OR3KD ^-la WA4PXP) PJKPM (to wsrvp)
CH6GO (nee text) PJ9BB (to W2VIA)
^ « year't plummet CT2AT (We text) 8K«GG (via 8M6BXP)
thorough Qi.Miur from hU Caruparm CJTH Let's «a-UL4LF (to KL2CB) TF2WLW (via K3E8T)
eheck the month's input of individual specifications now, UL5RS (via BE1F) TFBTP (via DL7KTJ
keeping mindftil that each recommendation is necessarily EI8BB {via DJ80T) VEIMA (via VK1A8J)
neither "official", complete nor acerzrateu . . EL3GB (via W2OT3S0 VK9MS (via K7RKL)
ELHO (via WSBYYJ VP2LX (to G3TOP)
AX9ZI (via W2CSHK or VK6RU) F»HS (via PJ2CL) VP2MT (via W» JQN)
C31AH* Cr» Martinet,
W-i.1. ft! -i ^ Encamp. Andorra
1 __ , GB2DX (via Q3JOO) VPSGM (to G3WOV)
HB0NL, (tu ilBuNij)
HC38G8 (via H K3WO) vVP5TH (via V A f i G ^ )
P2DX, Capt K. Harris (WAS Branch Box HX1BQR (via WAfiOHK] V'
iww,
1000, a r u , «ew
API). iorj£, N.Y„
New York, aXnU 04*205 HL9UU (to W36RO) VU2ITU (vit
ex-FL8RA (to DL6RB via Rfc!F) H51AJB0 (via KgQITfl) W2DV/KV4 (to W2UV)
HS1ACH
KorWifl-France, Martinique HS4ABF (via W7FNY) (to HB1LG} W4BRB.1/VP7
G3PAC/W9, A, Hrindley, 2001 B. Kin* dr., Apt. Wh, YNIAV (via 1i(to
£ !_ W 1W4UKB)
> A9TBGJ
flMH#1 .
Chicago,.ULf G0GI6 HS4ABJ (via K4WHK)
HiSDAPt Box 051, Santo Domingo, D.R. {or via K3J3ST) HS4ABV (via W6PJR} YOTNA/8 (to Y07NA)
HK3VA, Box 0000, Bogota, Colombia H84AUJ (via WA2VTL) YT4TN (via YU2Ai'B)
HSSABD (via W6DQXJ ZB2BX (via GWaPtiM)
HL9VF.R. Lataen, H i l D 122 Big. Bn.. APOt San Frm- IRflPFP (via ARij ZB2BY (viaGWsniX)
oisco, CauL, Uo22£ JA3LUK (vta WA9Tfl<M MJ9BP (via VE1ABJ)
HP1HJ, Box 241. Panama 1, RJP. JW3XK I via l,A6RIj ZS6ME (via WfiQPX)
0 9 8 2 5 tor Via K1ZMQ)
HRIKjB lvia WAJWKW; see teiti K6Kn/KCJ6 (to K6ETI) 3B70F (see text)
RC6EJ (via WA6A1IF) 4M7AV (to YV7AV)
F ^ ^ U * 1 ' " W N O , New Orleans. U . KL7GPV (to WA1JVA) 6W8XX (t6
70122 (or to WAttKAT) KZ6NR Lvia WA»P7U) 9M1AZ (via G3LQP)
HT2DX, Box 7ft» Granada. Nicaragua LAIOA (via WB8HTU) 9H1GB (via G3SFH)
HT4LGS,Padre Leopold, SiunaTNicaraffua MP4TJK (i-ia DL7JK) 9J2WS (tee text)
KXMBY, Box 209L, O f l & UU1. BaipanT Marianas OX3WQ (via OZttZ) 9M8FMF (via WlYRC)
K£6l>H, Op Johnson* Dept. of Education* Pago Pago, tJji. PJ8AA (to W2BBK> 9Y4US (via KaK»A}
Samoa, BfttilU
MP4TGZ, P.O. Box 176»Sharjali, Trudai States
OI3a KN OA (to OHSs K N QAj
PY7AWD/0, o/i> J. Kilho, Pjb. Box 842, Recife, Pernam-
bueoi Braul
PZIAK, Boa 2029, Paramaribo. Surinam
ST38A, Dr. & Ibrahim. Box 125, Madani, fciudan 3GVP
8UIMA, A. Attiya, P.O. Box 840. Cairo, Esytit newBwor__
SVdWI/JV (via WASH UP) P ' £C9p6 ( SV8L. , .—--»» * \B.«uf Mnnj| liwr
TA* IRT 2Sb (via WA8HUP) She* (G. Watte. 03 Bellmen* rd., Norwidb, Nor.7* T.
TOU* J. GarnetMWUSC), Av. Las Americas 20-30, England), Far East Auxiliary Radio Lewie <M) New*
Zona 13, Guatemala City, Guatemala (KA8LM. IHorida DX Club £>X JUjmt lW4VBOjv Inters
™ ? ^ \ i D L M o t P $ ! M ? l b K ^ ^ W T D / 8 , 2 6 2 4 Rochester, national Short Wave League Monitor (A, Miller, ffi War^
Apt. 8, Royal Oak, Mich,, 48078 ward In., Belly Oak, Kiraingham 20, England). Japan
TI2FGD. Box 4023, Ban Jose, C.R. DX Radio Club Bulletin <JA3Ut), Lou* Island I>X Asso-
J7WL Abidjan,
P ' 0 ' ^ LC.R. Novosibirsk, U-BAB, ciation DX Bulletin (\V2QKZS, Newark News Radio Club
Bulletin (J. Heien. 8823 Marshall ct.f Bellwood, X1L,
(or via JAyCUH) 60J 01). North Eastern DX Aaociation 1>X Bulletin
ex-VRJADV, £ Devenieh, VE7BBD, 87fi5 Crestview id., (KUMP). Northern Uatifornia JJX Club DX*r (Box
Victoria, B.C., Canada 00& Memo Plark, Calif.. »!02A). Bouthom California DX
VP2MA (via VB3BWY; see text) Oub BtUUHn. <WAAQLD), UBA's 0a th* Air ^ONa 4AL>
VP9GJ, J. Rogers, Alta Vista, Harrington Hundreds, nVA). Utah DX Association BvlUtin IK7DEQ), VEKON's
Bermuda DXprm (PA/b FX LOU TO VDV VWP) and West Coast
W T M W ^ W , ( ^ p t K.Uurber, OMR No. 5, Box 1924, DX fitdUin (WAftAUD). Good hvtl this trip. More,
U8737 more]
Whence: CEANIA — vMSPUlf (K0FMF) decFares, "OXXng

C i 26 th you can obooso plume and/or cw c a p o n s for

battle Id ttie Ltf 711 PAGG Gonteat a^nsoml by Holland's UiUO
O reinaius goud down her« ai&d I've been working hun^
p U R O P E —From 1200 GMT April 25bli to 18U the dreds of stations all over the world, mostly on 15 around
GMT/' Research trig^r^d hy KtfVQK
VfclHON wherein nnn-Netber landers will wurk as many wiu working a Honolulu Kb ou though
turns up the tact that W4JGN,
ew when
not using that r^U,
bombs began to
PA/PIS/PI people as possible, each "two per bnttii, fall on Pnarl liar box. We « uiidrr who the Hawaiian operator
through 3U Mils, using the customary KH- or K8T001,
RBT002, etc,, serial swap. Vuu earn three points per t wo- was. W4JON bas forgotten and holds »v rpeonl
way eicitange, total points to be multiplied for final scor* "KUeHP is on the air about twenty hours a day/' informs
by the number of Dutch baud-provi noes contacted <j>ruviac« station luauagcr K5LTH. "We use B-line and 2K-3 vrith
abbreviations to be used are DR FA Gl> GK LB NB dipoles on HO and 40, a lUO-ft4iigh 4-elcmcnt wide-spaced
OV CJT tfil ami ZLiJ. tiaBh log, postmarked on or before quad on 20, 15 and 10 KTTV, vw aud sab. tt c'rn out after
June 15, ltfft), should bearcat to contest manager PA0ABM 5B-UXCC and enjoy idving guys their 50th stato/' l^s
accompanied by a sinned *t»tement that the paiticipant lists \V As 6NNhl 0 H W 7 L 9 u UUP and UKOG as regular
has ohsrjved the coo test rules as well a* regulations fur ops and says that WA7LFI) will become an iiLV shortly.
amateur radio in his country, to be eligible for possible Klitf&P made 20,000 QHC.)s with some UOO couutries m
certification of performance, At the aanuj time yuu might ZL1WB, an Australia f.isear coordinator,
request specifications on VWJiUN's various v.vrthy UK vtsited YL K0J11G in December. Bruce is WAG on K T T Y
di«l is r^ularly uockabte arouud l^OUU k l i i .^
diplomas , * _ On those same dates from QUm In 2100 W91UK aiui other Y'titik fnends were saddened by the
OMT you can tail your radloteletype aadgetry in the 2nd passing of VK3CX in Pdi^ruary. uAlan gave hundreds of
RTPx W AB DK "Jootrttapon-ut.nl by DAKG (Germany* butiding their first Australian QKOa," recalls
uc through J£H»> Participation rules are patterned <?huck » . Pscirie puiuters pinched Iran aforemen-
after that society's annual WAJ3J>G blast. 5£ii» airmail tioned periodicals: Manihiki's
s.a*s»e, to LiJyXB for full particulars. And don't forget thn kilz, intends 14-Mlis activity.ZK1HN, « , ,
Lately on »5tt0
AX9KV may sign
cw-only International HP OX. Contest coming oil the first utf for the VK mainland this month after 2500
week end of this month a* detailed in uur March paiccs cuatacts. . . . VKtflfM's time ua Heard is runningi'onos out
. _ » - » - " The Malta independent?* LJay Award is ajmually after much 14-Miis fun wrth linear and beam.
pnwnted to the ham who make* the largcwt number »f
Mil contact* nti mir Independence Dav, September Blat," 1 J EHEABOUTS — WB2YQK comet through with
writw Mra. M. Swire, &1AK8 secretary. OlifcBliK wa* the I I "l>XGC-*qu*red" Mo. the fourth from Twoiand,
fUifr champion. Other certification uotiw; Vh* Genirva a photo of QtiL* onritirminR with at leant 100 ARRL
diploma, btuwtd m nix IJSOh with Geneva canton (pmvinee) D X Centurv Club members in 100 0muntries ... r . , ^
fills during or after UffU, is offered through UBKA, P.O. ^noiiditions down here aru just great, enthuses KZfiNK
Box &k t CtI-1211 Geneva. . . . The-lubiiiie award, baaed iWAUNhK), au Army type. 'Tm on 80 through 10 with
for uon-hriiropeaa stations on coiitaaL* with 25 U,H.H,K. a V-Mk-3, invertni V* aud rotarim, esp«;oially 4o and HQ
stations in UA/U V/UW1-M-WM9 regions during 1970-'75, Cor 5B-UXCC fun/1 Gary rsper.ts a tw^- ut threa-year
is issued via OKG, Box Meacow. * > * The 25-Kwioe C/A. tour Cousuit VE7bV lor data on thi- i'aciflo
award for 26 points worth of t£40s with certain OK3s comes WestGoast I > JC C^uuvpution slated for Vancouver on August
vuLof Kosioe Radio Club, tiveruiova 5 ' B t Usvohoslovafcia. 1-U, 1970. VKTlG's British Columbia I>X boys plan
. i j The Prince of Wales award for suUieientGW contorts a biuiustp program . K^NHA and UAlliAA wej-
ban bail its quahticatiou cutoff date extended thnuigh June, &jftied WY4Utt to the tur in January, Jaek's HB-»(I1-401
1V70, according to GtfWKT. For complete details on these aud K-fdcment spinner arr eapecialJy potent on 20 . n . n . _
sheepskins rush *,a.».K. tu the source* indicated tCPJBfl M jumps hack in with a quad and 200 watts after a
G3XMG tolls W-4BJ that GBtfBti will he a Uultiband UX two-year 1>X ^fiK^GK tinzshed coHegvaud
attraction at the M«y J Oth Bedfordshire Boy c^kiotit -Jam- should be back on for the n*4t four yearn/1 karos VE1ACU
boree K11KJ notes that OZ3Y, I >anihh Amateur uheme ijuad crumbled umler winter0* ouslauaht , ^ „ _ . _
Mtynxin* t>X «fditor, envoys radiating 5B-OXOC QH(> WNflYMW clinchua WAG aud WA8 h^nre becoming
on 8i)'b low ew vIjid with hLS ilUij-l, ti^ighbur 0Z2BA WBSVMW G3PAO/Wy visits WA8JYR forehaU
likewise with 100 watts nod an indoor wire. - - ^ , _ E17BH with hom?, t . . " liX conditions in Fairbanks are i«ratic
tells WAIJXD that Kire nonces are automatically vleval^l tosa# the \vBAt;' lament* W7DZW/Kli7 "Where
to geuerai status after a year's probationary- /^ppratlon the challenge of DXing under such arraogemcntsY"
. WA40(4O tod* bLrtLTFI/m with 200 countrLoi and prutesU VKlhlG concerning Q80-manag«r "list" procw-
states on a car^mountcd Sfth Utali uhidcs Kric . . . . ditrisi. tt 0GHK agrt-rs, "Vd rather hird-dog my own U X . "
Mora from the Continent via Huh upw*hawfcs: U1j7KT W311NK's Gripe of thn Month is hrrd at his guns who
plans Albanian action this month or next, , , .frfVffJH crash pil^ups to say thanks for QNL* ^ Locabams
radiates from historic Corfu isle. . . . OaiAP (n-PXlPA) vi% club oceans: Pres. WBMYN, veep WAMGV aud spa^
has quite a following ou IV^lMcHs ami 7-MH> sideband treas. WAsWKVV IpbiI Denver DX Club to the hunt.
us Andorra's only active yna^Rxuid DXer. . . . 0K5F1B . . , VP8KO quits bouth i>kneys for the CJ.K. possibly
shotild be audible from the Tatra mountains till May with via Sixlandi . p * VPI VK r«m« ritatnside for treatment
»k\Von lAthiousb 80, cw and carrier a-m, r , . VtiElON'e uf aeoident injuries. . . . PP8AP intersperses 14,018-kHs
annual spring radio itiraompmcnt will have PAttAA back ow sport with *79S-kllsfa»bsortiv, . , . PJSVD, available
with us m miu-MaVi on bandsr vniovs wv>rklng PA|9s on J 807 and 1820,5
AFRICA — (iougirt 2D9BN ivaata to w k more k i l t with a Viking »nd 75A-4. . , . QAKA*copt DX
A W/K/ VKs, aceoniinR to KattF. Paul hits 14.250-l4,»u0 scribe WSZC.'Q observes that new-brrpd li^trodjuo-VFO
or 21,250-21,300 klU nightly itt ZIOU-olUu GMT. also riii* easily spray Hupirrfliiou* signals when improperly
lauO-iHOOon Mondays, Wednesday* and Kridayv. ZliUDN Adjusted. Heretofore thisrai«rrltvannoyed other colleagues
m available Saturdays at L54&-OJOO, and Kundaytt at 154S- but now it ean cau»e H.-H, scanning for ttxtra-Advaocod
IHOO, He nut run 50-haud teletype, too. VElAOU w s suballocation interlopers, to issue troublesome greetings.
HPWFC/mm stopped oft on near~by Tristan da Ouoha in
January as ZDttBP iWttMNN) eoizimL-ute,
MPrimardy ew here with dipoles on 80 and 40i ground-planes
on I0t 15 aiui 20 rno llH) in LLberiai, A TA-83 and 40-ft
tower are in tb« works/' , . - u Mv departure left Just
BVHs AB and AL active in Tunisia/' assays WtfJVG who
closed his 3V8AC books in January, "3VBAB is
TL8AC2. and aV^AL la W4K1L, also licensed in othor
African c o n n t i W f VV2DKA1 says CH4BC trim
^ S t r a y s 1&
his fiB-DXGG hi*k on MUM klls around 1500 GMT S t o l e n E q u i p m e n t
vLIRP (G3M.TU msdips a lftO-wattcr and beam
for possible 7Gf, XT2, e6o.,iihenani|Qan« M "YtytKK Tho following *v.|uipmeiit was n^lim nn the ava-
cniaQno 15 and SSOew and sideband from Mahe in January iling of Novembor IX, 1U09, from my car: Heath
affirms WUVNG. Bob is ek-ZD«KK Further
Africa dispatches rourieny literature of clubs and sroups: HVV-12A transceiver, Herial Number >M.M210A;
iiHSs KJ and LV expaot to stir up more Ijatbam isle iiX- Heath niioTXiphono; atui asimatpr. Thn serial number
citemcnt, . , . TJUTAI eyes possible 7(i1 and Dahnmpy in e*h«nLvc<i into the back of the chassis along with the
nXeuisuuis, . * . 0K4KL may try his luck as an P118 this
month, an 0T2 later. . . . tfft'SXX knocks off for K2XX. date It was built. Anyone having information about
. , . TI8NAM. olaimfl operating crndmtjal* for a pusitihle tfiis frjuipment is roqueatod to contact VK7BRO,
Annabon call in the fall. . . . PB8WW and KH8JM5 r.ww ^prott 8t. k Bitrnaby, B. Canada, Telephone
titaffera mav collaborate for further Crozi-t doings. • . ,
5T5BG, popular on 20 ow, is 29K-B244, or contact the Burnab.v ROUP.
FQftAbl and signs V2DK home. . , . VqKdh'B hopen MM •«• MM
tt> kmi Ht, Brandon workable throuirh next month ooar
14,028v 14,130, 14.230 or 14,330 k!ri. Ex-VQ8CPC awaits T h e Post Otfico l^opartment promises Caster mail
a VQfi ticket for cod« fun on liiegn Garcia. . . . this- service with the new Zip codes- Use yours when you
hunters oil yonr beams! \V4BPT> is due for r«or« multi-
enuntry merriment at any time. • . . CK6GO AWK write fjfettfue Headquarters. ITse oura, too. I t ' s
Qfth via Box 10408, Luanda. Not via OK6 Bureau. 06111.

104 QST for


CONDUCTED BY LOUISE RAMSEY MOREAU,* WB6BBO
HELP WANTED!
P V E R Y single one o f us, from OOTC member*,
• " t o those with an FTC license still warm from
the postman's fingers, have been novices despite
the fact we have never held an Amateur Radio
Novice Class License* The word novice, according
to the Dictionary, in defined a$ M a beginner/1
Remember how it was to be a beginner and those
first faltering steps into Che wonderful world on
the air? Remember the excitement of the first
station and the log hatf full of fruitless culls until
someone finally answered? Remember the first
one* and the delicious agony of hearing our own
call coming back that knocked every bit of code
down the drain? Remember the night that a
General Class came down into the Novice band and
the thrill of working someone without an N in the
call? The realization that there was somhebudy
who wasn't another beginner actually wanted to
work us?
The amateur radio ranks are very much like a
family in that we are willing to help each other and
really enjoy doing it. And we provide all sorts o f
assistance. There are books and manuals by the
score that tell us how to improve in our choice o f
activity. There are many aids for learning the code
* Ytr tiditor QST, Pleaae miewt all new* notes to
BHOlftbnm*fltfi<IrtM; J036Ea*t KovtmiHt,, .Utadenu, Calif.
UlUOl.
Y L members of the Monterey Park, California
Radio Club acting as hostesses at the clubs'annual
Vail en tine party. Left to right: Ona Starck, K6IFZ;
Eva Tronske, K 6 I G A ; " G e n e " Sheet*, W6QVK.
syiews
rib
that run from on-the-air code practice sessions to
mechanical devices for private use, as well as the
many classes sponsored by radio clubs. The theory
is described and explained in innumerable publica-
tions, while, again, cluh sponsored groups have
teachers to break down the battling language o f
electronics and communications law. Once we are
on the air there are A R R L Official Observers to
spot trouble and warn us before wc receivc a black
mark from the authorities.
So what else is needed? interest. With the veTy
crowded frequencies allotted tu them we might
think that the last thing they need is someone to
work a Novice, but that time can be* and is, a
lonely time and our help and interest can mean a
lot. Our concern doesn't take much or very long. It
doesn't require that we be there just to encourage
them. For no Novice needs that, they are full of
zeal and enthusiasm. What they need is what a
great many gals like WB6PCQ, V 0 2 A K , K 8 L G A ,
or WA2GPT are found doing, working them on the
air. As one gdl put it: " M y log looked like a
one-track mind for a while, but it worked. We
broke through that 10 wpm barrier and I have
another General to tny credit." It is not only
working with Novices, and helping them over the
various 1 "humps" that crop up as speed increases,
but at the same time using the correct procedures
that are in all manuals, but are far easier to learn
during an actual contact.
The Novice time o f amateur radio, whether
self-taught as Sister Mary Cletus, WA0JIE, or as a
part o f a class in code and theory, i& really "when a
feller needs a friend." When no matter how-the
code comes stuttering back, a compliment will do
wouders. When hearing a call that isn't another
WN, and who actually wants to chat, is worth more
than half a dozen of the "rig hr is, name and Q T H "
contacts.
What is in It for the General, or Advanced, or
Fxtra Class operator? It really isn't tangible, it's
returning the favor that we once received from
someone like ourselves who was interested. Some-
one who took the time and the trouble to talk t o
lis and say, '"From the way you are handling that
key you sound like you are about ready for the
test/* Remember when all that was- needed was
that tittle extra lift? We've all been through it;
that's why wc aren't Novices now.
1969 Trillium Memorial Award Results
VE3FSA,41.25; WB2JLW,33.75; V K 4 Z X , 16.;
VE3BNV, 12.5; W4JUJ, 12.; VK3KS, 11.25;
K9IISK, 7 . : V K 3 X B . 6.25.

Louise La France, K1EQE, busy NCS in Rhode
island Nets.
(he Ontario Trillium* were in there too, but no
member at the club is eligible for this award. It is
sponsored by the club so the gals are there simply
to give points for contact. But don't think they
weren't active.
Hubbies Timlick, VE4ST, sends her thanks to all
who participated, and her regrets to those who
were prohibited from getting into the contest by
the frequency changes in the American phone
bands. Congratulations to VH3FSA, 1969 winner.
YLRL
There have been a number of inquiries to this
column about membership in Y L R L . Any Y L who
holds a current Amateur Radio Operator's License,
of any class, is eligible for membership. Dues are
$3.00 per year. Any gal who is interested in
becoming affiliated with this oldest of world-wide
amateur radio clubs for women operators, may
write to the membership chairman. Marge Camp-
bell, K4RNS, 1700 Nova Road, Ormond Beach,
Florida, 32074, for the eastern half of the United
States; or to Beth Taylor. W7NIS, 14637 S.E. Fair
Oaks Avenue, Milwaukee, Oregon, 97222. The
international Membership Correspondent, for the
DX YLs, is Verda Siebcnthaler, K7UBC, 905
Hastings Avenue, Coeur d'Alcnc, Idaho, 83814,
Mid-West YL Convention
In just three months the curtain will be going up
on the Mid-West Y L Convention. The dates again
are June 19. 20, 21, 1970, in Flint, Michigan. It is
impossible to describe this annual Y L convention,
it has to be experienced, and like the potato chip
advertisement, one is never enough, for the gals
keep coming back for more and more. The only
comparison in both sJze and quality is the quadren-
nial International Y L R L Convention. If you have
never been to Flint, Michigan, ru>w is the time to
go. If you want to have the pleasure of meeting
other Y L * from across the country, plan to be
there-
106
The Flint YLs have planned a special program pf
interest for those long suffering OMs who accom-
pany their ladies so that they will be entertained
while the gals are "doing their thing."
Registration will be $2.00, the Saturday lunch-
eon, $2,75. and the Banquet, $4.75 per person.
Send your registrations to Marion Bees, W8UAP,
2039 East Whittemore, Flint Michigan, 48507.
Plan Ahead
Joint Pacific-Southwestern Divisions1 Conven-
tion, May 15,16,17,1970, at the Hacienda Motel,
Fresno, California. Plans now call for a Y L meeting
and forum on Saturday, May 16 for the Y L
operators. Additional entertainment is planned for
those very tolerant wives who accompany their
OMs to these affairs. It will be in the charge of the
Fie&no women. See you in Fresno.
The Convention Calendar is shifting into over-
drive for the months ahead. All the A R R L Division
conventions, the A R R L National Convention, as
well as the majority of the Hamfests, feature
special meetings for the ladies of amateur radio. So
when you are thinking of attending these affairs,
plan to join with the other gals who will be
attending. It is the best place in the world to put
faces on voices and fists.
K I E Q E and K I F G K , Rhode Island's Busy YLs
We're all busy, but both Louise, K1EQE, and
Emma, K i H i K , really personify the word when it
comes to radio operating. For example, KlEQE is
a member of YI.RL, WRONE, the Roger Williams
VHP Society, which in turn is affiliated with the
Providence Chapter of the American Red Cross,
and that keeps her AREC participation very active
indeed. She is a member of RiPON, handling
traffic daily in that group, and to add spice to the
: operating, just in case things get a little dull, she is
also a member of RISPIN, assigned as a net control
two days a week officially, but tills in for other
NCS as well Louise, and OM, Dell, K l V Y C , handle
the traffic for northern Rhode Island.
When she isn't handling traffic, acting as NCS, or
busy as the only Rhode Island member of W0CCD,
"Grandma Lou's Cowbelles/' or possibly all tied
up with her family, Louise's uther love is playing
bridge.
The First District Chairman uf Y L R L . has said
"The day is really made when you go into the
Khack and hear the voice of either KIEQE, or
K I F G K saying "Calling the Rhode Island State
Phone Net/1 Despite her busy life with two
children, and four grandchildren, plus being a
crossword puzzle addict, Emma, K I F G K , is active
in RIPON, the Roger Williams VHP* Society, as
well as in KISPIN. Emma acts regularly as NCS
four nights a week on the net as well as serving a* a
substitute when needed. She has been active on the
net since she first received her license seven years
ago.
All the Yls and OMs who check into the Rhode
Island nets agree that a large vote or thanks is due
these women for their constant and capable opera-
tion over the years.
Phyllis Hoffman, K1QFD
When the amateur radio virus hits it Is an
incurable disease even if the OM isn't licensed.
QST for
That is Phyllis Hoffman, who is YLRL First
District Chairman for 1*70. AJl she did was
mention to a friend that she had heard him on her
son's shortwave receiver. An invitation t o visit the
shack followed and Phyllis was "fust plain
hooked/ 4 before she left. Thanks t o the help of
interested friends she received her license in i960,
and has been keeping the tubes warm in the shack
ever since.
She likes to build equipment from kits, as welt
as from Kcratch and the junk box. KlQFD acts as
Rhode island representative t o IKN two nights a
week, for, while she enjoys every facet of radio* cw
is her particular pleasure. She also participates in
RISPIN, RIPON, YL-ISSB, County Hunters. YL
nets, and is active with the local RACES group.
Her activity has resulted in about 100 certificates
as tangible evidence of what she has been doing.
You will find Phyllis on c w o n all bands, on am on
six meters and on ssb on 20 and 7$.
At present she is all wrapped up in tracking
Australia Oscar 5, in partnership with K1CSQ,
with two and ten meter tracking stations Met up In
her basement. Right now she has several successful
tapes in the process of analysis. Phyllis says that
the project is time-consuming, but is also fascina-
ting, and so far is the highlight of her amateur
activity.
Meet the Club -- W A Y L A R C
The Washington Acea Young Ladies' Amateur
Radio Club had Its beginning at the Washington
Area Hamfest in October 1955, when Ethel Smith,
K.4LMB, arrived armed with a list of possible vlub
memberftt and a written note asking who would
like to form a club in the Washington, C. area.
This resulted in an organizational meeting in
November in the Capital. A second meeting in
December resulted In nominations for offices and a
constitution was studied. The election of officers
took place at the first formal meeting in January
1956. Those elected were President, Kthel. K4LMB
(she was then W3MSU); Vice president, Liz,
W 3 C D Q ; Secretary, CamiJIe, W3TSC (now
WB2PYI); and Treasurer, Mary, W4ETR. Beulah,
K i Q F D , Phyllis Hoffman, between orbits of
Australis-Oscar 5, in the subterranean monitoring
station in her home.
April 1970
W4DEE, was in charge of drafting the constitution.
' The original members of WAYLARC were;
W3AKB* Frances Darne; W3CDQ, Liz Zandonini;
WN3CNC, Norma Korbes; W3CZT, Carol Louise
John; W3DHLT Mildred Olson; W3MSU, Ethel
Smith; W3QOG, Emma McDonald; W3KXJ« Irene
Akers; W3TSC, Camille Hedges; W3UXU, Betty
Whitaker; W3VHF, June Woodside; W4AHN, Merle
McBain; K4UUN, Florence Robinson; W4DEE.
Beulah Barrick; KN4ENC, Melva Ruth Smith;
W4ENG, Joan Giles: and W4ETR. Mary Sturkey.
In I960 WAYLARC voted t o have a cluh
certificate, and Ethel, K4LMB, was the designer.
The certificate is available upon receipt of proof
that a licensed operator has worked 5 WAYLAR.Cs
on any band, using any mode. Certificate custodian
is WA4PEY.
The club meets the third Saturday of each
month, at present at the homes of the members.
Any interested YL is welcome to attend. Meeting
time is usually at 1:<lo P.M. local time.
Feedback
There was art error regarding the Penn-Jersey YL
net meeting In the December Q8T* YL News and
Views. The Penn-Jersey YL Club has a weekly net
which meets on 3.790 MHz, at 2200 GMT on
Thursdays with WA2FGS acting as net control.
•• 4 • «
K46PI advises that the language barrier was
indeed a problem in the search for the first YL in
Turkey. The first Turkish YL to be licensed is
TAJ RT, Reyhan, licensed in 1968, and she is,
according to reports very active.
F u s t - D a y C o v e n Still A v a i l a b l e
When fcho Amateur Radio Firet-Day
Covers were processed in Anchorage on
December 15,1994, we gambled and had a
few fxtra uuaddressed covers prepared, be-
cause orders for the first-day covers wore
still coming in and we didn't want any-
one to bo disappointed. We still have some
of these loft. They am all singles, un-
luidresscd but carrying tho stamp and the
official first-day cancellation, and they
will be mailed to yon in an envelope.
lYines are 35c each, three for a dollar.
Send your orders to ARHL Hq.t 225
Main Street, Newington, Conn., 08111.
107
 CONDUCTED BY BILL SMITH,* K0CER

Six-Year 50-MHz. E* Study June 24 62 7430 5

July 24 42 4085 3
EACH summer there arc lengthy discussions on
how the present Es reason compares (o pre-
Aug.
Sept.
15
Nn observation
22 1635 J
vious years. Pat Dyer, WA51YX, has kept detailed 14
Oct.
six-meter E$ records since 1964. He has spent )l it
Nov.
thousands of hours monitoring the six-meter band,
Dec. 11 14 1305 0
using modest equipment, from locations ht Austin
and San Antonio, Texas. The results of his study Totals Hi 201 18.505 9
axe summarized here. 1967

Days No. of ftfinutesfifulttfiop Jan. 9 14 505 0

Month Open Openings OpenOpenings h'eb. I 1 100 0
March 0 0 0 0
1954
April 4 4 420 0
Jan, 1 1 12(1 May 17 32 2595 0
0
Feb. No observation
June 27 SI 5390 4
Mar.
July 2'J 64 7785 8
April 2 2 45 0
Aug. 23 46 2775 2
Sept. 8 13 470 0
May 13 19 2550 1
Oct. 8 13 470 0
June 26 45 6235 4
Nov. 4 4 85 0
July 24 34 36HO
1245
Dec. 13 19 0
Aug. 11 14 1155 0
Sept 3 3 120 0 Totals 243 263 21,875 14
Oct. 3 4 145 0
Nov. 6 7 380 0
Dec, 7 11 40U 0 Jan. 7 10 860 I
Feh. 9 14 1070 0
Totals 96 140 I4.fi.m 7 •j
March 2 40 0
April 10 16 1635 0
1965
Jam No observation
Feb. 3 3 130 0
March 3 3 220 0
April 5 9 795 1
May 24 34 5491) 2
June 29 77 10,020 9
July 31 77 6925 N
Aug. 14 18 1175 1
Sept. S 14 510 0
Oct. 7 in 1125 0
Nov. 8 10 615 0
Dec. 11 12 1150 I
, - •rc \
Totals 153 267 2XJ55 22 jr"
#
1966

Jan. 10 14 845 0
Feb. 5 7 295 0
March 1 1 20 0
April 5 5 280 0
This is Fred Honnoid, W6YKM, one of the West
May 16 34 2610 0 Coast 50-MHz scatter gang. Fred runs a kilowatt
•Sand, reports and corrapondeniM to Bill Hmibh and 11-eiement Vagi on six, and 3Q0 watts and
K0CEK, ARHL, 225 Main Newiiwton, Conn. 0G111. 11-element Yagi on 144.

108 QST for

May 23 53 4445 Long Island (N.Y.)
June 26 55 6485 Repeater Steering Committee
July 27 57 5445
Feeling that the repeater situation on Long
Aug. 13 23 1620
Island was headed for chaos, if not already there*
Sept. 6 9 525
fm enthusiasts within the Long Island Mobile
Oct. 5 5 350
Amateur Radio Club (LIMARC) and the Suffolk
Nov. 14 19 1265
County Radio Club have organized a repeater
Dec, 11 17 1U30
steering committee. Interested amateurs were in-
Totals 153 2X0 24,770 19 vited to the first meeting, held January 15 at the
home of Ed Pfller, W2KPQ. The objective is a
mobile integrated communications system for
1969 Long Island (LIMICS) that will serve amateur
425 0 communications needs, and operate in the public
Jan. 3 5
0 interest Participants were area ARRL officials and
b'eb. 6 9 535
represntatives of LIMARC, the Hudson Amateur
March 5 6 380 0
Radio Council, and the Suffolk County Radio
April 0 0 0 0
Club,
May 16 25 2760 2
June 22 37 3280 4 It is proposed that 146.34 and 146.76 MHz be
July 20 31 2310 3 used far repeater operations, with consideration
Aug. 11 12 625 1 being given to a 450-MHz system later. A deviation
Sept. 2 2 200 0 of plus and minus 5 kHz will be used, with open
Oct 4 6 380 0 access and 24-hour availability. Tone access may be
Nov. 0 0 0 0 adopted later. A design goal is to meet alt standards
Dec. 12 16 1430 0 of good engineering practice, and to use the
10 minimum power that will cover the intended
Totals 101 149 12.325
service area effectively. This will include Nassau
County, western Suffolk County and eastern
Queens County. Contact will be made with re-
WA5IYX calls attention to certain variations in peater groups in adjacent areas, with a view to
pattern In the summary above. There was excep- minimizing cochannet interference problems. Ten-
tionally high activity in June, 1965, with a greater tative sites arc under consideration, and suggestions
than average drop in August Multihop propagation arc solicited.
was pronounced in the period June 18 - 22,
October also showed unusual Es- The minor skip It Is acknowledged that hardware problems are
season of December, 1966, was above average. The minimal compared to that of good channel control
summer season of 1967 was late* peaking in July. in the utilization of repeaters in areas of high
One session ran from 0900 CST July 21 to UlOO population density. Short transmissions are man*
the 22nd. 196K produced high activity in April, datory, and an order of priority for channel usage
linked to F layer on April 2 0 - 2 1 . June and July, is important. This should be:
1968, both had periods of extremely short skip. 1) Emergency communication.
(Editor's note: J une 20 - 21 produced the 2) Mobile-to-mobile.
outstanding example of this in vhf history, with 3) Mobile-to-base.
the longest 144-MHz skip opening on record* See 4) Base-to-base (bo be discouraged except in
August, 1968, QST% pages 83 and 84 for detaila.) periods of minima) channel occupancy
Again in July, skip as short as 280 miles indicated
high muf, November brought multihop openings to Control points for the various repeaters incor-
the Caribbean, The 1969 summer season was late porated within LIMICS will be stations designated
starting, and generally poor, except for June 15, by elected officials of the sponsoring clubs. Parti-
December's minor season showed an £V comeback. cipation of all interested parties is Invited. Contact
with the steering committee should be by way of
Pat also uses tow-band TV channels n*£f Indi-
Ed Piller, W2KPQ, 80 Birchwood Park Drive,
cators. He has logged many hours of ft from Texas
Syosset, N.Y. 11791. Phone 516 938 5926. It is
to Mexico, El Salvador, Wyoming and the Dakotas
intended that LIMICS will be an evolving system,
when no amateur signals were heard. These open-
to be modified to accommodate occupancy and
ings are not included in the tabulations. There are
the future requirements of the sponsoring groups.
some observatjonsperiod variances, but on a yearly
month-to-month basis these may be considered so
minor as to not Influence the overall results. OVS and Operating News
During the six years of the study, there are large 50-MHz DXers were treated to a fine winter
yearly differences in the amount of time the band minor £s season, hut South American P-layer DX
was open, but the number of states heard each year was a rarity. Perhaps March and April will he more
productive, hut at this late February writing,
is nearly constant: 1964 1965 45, 1966 41 - prospects do not look promising.
1967 43,1968 4 0 9 6 9 41. Indiana, Illinois, Ohio The lone South American opening report comes
and Tennessee were the most often logged, the from WA51YX. Pat noted XHY-TV, channel 3 t
New England states the least often, due mainly to Meridan, Yucatan, Mexico at 01 5S GMT, February
skip zones. Thanks. Pat, for sharing the results of 12, Pat suspected an En to TE possibility and
your study. began calling CQ. At 0230 WAS1YX began to hear

April 1970
OA4C* beacon in Peru. They made contact at
0237. OA4C was heard at WA5IYX until 0320
during which time Pat heard Heinz work K5AKY,
W5FJD, a WA4 and possibly a K7, most likely in
Arizona, Pat says the opening caught many DXers
unaware, because frequent CQs by OA4C went
unanswered* The remainder of six-meter DX
wurked in January and February was mostly
f l a y e r . Here's a sampling by call area.
WA1DFL. Mass., logged openings January 5 and
13, Steven worked Indiana to Iowa on the 5th and
into Florida the 13th, He also worked 4s and Us on
meteor scatter during the January 3 Quadrantids
shower peak. WA1DPX, Mass.. noted the *aute
January 5th opening, working 4s, Si, 8s, 9s and p.
Ray wurked several 4s nn the 7th, but says
conditions were generally poor. WA11FE, also
Mass., worked ps on the 5th.
WA3KQX* Pa., worked the January S opening to
Louisiana and comments about the January 3
"opening" saying, "signals didn't stay in long
enough to work." Was it meteor scatter you were
hearing,'Ken?
At San Antonio, WA5IYX found the winter Es
quite productive. Pat notes openings January 5, 6,
12, 13, 22 and 29, and February 2,4, 5, 8, 10 and
11. Especially noteworthy are these: January 6,
1800 to 1 ¥40 CST, Ohio south to Florida while
also hearing very short skip into Louisiana. A
nearly 4-hour opening the evening of January 12
from Missouri to Ohio to Mori da during which
WASTTH, Louisiana, worked ZF1AA on Grand
Cayman. XEW-TW channel 2, in Mexico City was
logged at 1500 CST with a good color picture on
January 22, and the previously reported South
American opening. Pat suggests organizing six-
meter DXpeditions to several Central American
countries during the Es seasons. He says during the
last four years he has logged dozens of openings to
M Salvador on Channel 2 television, hut there is no
Mx-meter activity there, or in other suitably-
located Central American countries. Such DXped-
itions are fun and rewarding, hut expensive, to
satisfy the hungers of the few really dedicated
six-meter DXers.
•
This OM,Bunky Botts, K4EJQ, has been the fellow
most responsible for Tennesse contacts for 144 and
432 DXen.
110
In California, WB6NMT at VAllefo works his OX
on meteor scatter. Louis had 16 such contacts with
W7FN, and 22 with W7CNK, during January, The
path distances are around luoo miles. Several
reports were received from WA6HXM. Pete says
K60DV is in Sidney, Australia, operating as
VK2ZHR, transmitting on 52.08 MHz &sb, and
listening for U.S. stations near 50.75. VK2ZHR's
operating hours are 2200 to 0200 GMT, Saturday
and Sunday. VK22HR tells Pete there is much
Australian fm activity on 52.78. WA6HXM reports
several January and February ft openings, the
most exciting January 5 and February 2, with
multi-hop to Florida. Pete also mentions the fine
scatter signal of WA7NGK in Arizona, from a pair
<vf 6-element Yagis. WA6WKF, near Los Angeles,
reports openings January 12 and 17 to Oklahoma
and Washington. He also worked W3l>CD Dec,
on multi-hop, W6YKM, near San Francisco, is one
of the West Coast scatter ging. A picture of Fred
and his station appears elsewhere in this column.
He reports scatter contacts with several Washington
and Oregon stations
p
and notes a good scatter signal
from WA7CGS s TR-6 and II-element YagL
Commenting on the January 3 meteors, K7JCW,
Las Vegas, says the meteor-induced Eg from 1630
to 1930 GMT was nearly identical to that of
November 16, 1968 during the fantastic peak of
the Leonids shower. A1 reports signals from Salt
Lake City, east to Clovis, New Mexico, south to
Phoenix and from throughout California. A1 heard
no other January activity.
W0MTK, Colorado, continues very active. Bill
reports many scatter and Es contacts, but prefers
the former on Sunday mornings. January l l t h Hill
worked from Tennessee to California including
W4QQG, W0PFP, KSWVX. K6IBY, K6PYH, WA6-
AKM, WB6SIY plus other 3s and 6s. Nearly
identical contacts have been made each Sunday
morning, since using a sideband transceiver and
four 4-element Yagis. VE6AHE is completing a
4* 1000A amplifier to feed 10 elements at 125 feet.
Kandy has recently completed-a kW for 144 MHz.
J ohn, who provided much DXcitement «t
KH6GHC a year or *o ago, is busy traveling for
Motorola.'He says be is sending PJ3AL in Aruba a
six-meter transceiver in hopes of encouraging some
upeation from there this spring and summer. John
also says his sidekick in Hawaii, Bert, KH6GRU, is
working on a tone system remote control for the
Hawaii beacon, so that it may be operated though
a telephone hookup.
K8CLA/0 has left North Dakota to return to
Ohio. Tom worked 46 states on 50 MHz. during
1 hut was disappointed in QSt> returns. Those
needing Vermont on 50 through 432 should look
for WA2YJF/1 during the June VHF Party, WA2-
YJF and WA2FUZ will he operating from Mt.
Rquinox.
144 MHz suffered through the usual late-winter
doldrums, offering little in the way of DX, but
allowing time to monitor Oscar 5 and so sume
building for the upcoming trope and meteor
scatter seasons. Here's a sampling of what** been
doing around the country.
K1HTV, Conn.* tracked Oscar 5 on both 2 and
10 meter*, hearing the 144.5 signal only when the
satellite was within line-of-sight, up to about 2450
miles, but the HMneter signal has been heard when
the satellite was over Asia, K4GGJ/1 sends a
clipping from the magazine Wireless World telling,
of exceptional mid-October tropo openings in
Europe. Many 1000-mile contacts were made on
144 and 432, and English station G3LTF report-
QST for
edly raised his countries totals to 28 worked on something of interest to Ray, look for him on the
144 and 19 on 432. The openings extended from weekly moon bounce net Sundays at 01 no GMT on
Sweden to Germany and were within a few day* of 2L415,
the exceptional early-October tropo OX in this 220-MHzmoonbounce activity continues on
country. VVA3GPL, who signs WAIJXN while the West Coast, where WB6NMT and W7CNK are
schooling in Vermont* say* he ha* worked six hard at work. Louis, WB6NMT, has had problems
Vermont stations on 144 ssb and thinks that they with the plastic SK-760 socket and 4CX300As in
are the only ones active, though many are on fm- his 220 kW. He finally1 decided upon using the
K3AKR and WA3JWL report good success more conventional 250- series tubes and sockets
collecting data from Oscar 5. K3ARR says the hut sent a detailed report of his problems with the
Nittany Amateur Radio Club is nearing completion former, it is probably of limited interest to any
of its 2-meter repeater. WB4CBJ says the Carolina except users of the 4CX300A tubes. Let me know
Repeater Society has received the call WB4PLN for if you want a copy and I'll mail you one. Plewe
their 6 and 2-meter repeaters near Columbia* South include SASE. Both WB5NMT and VE7BQH re-
Carolina. No frequencies were given. Pfcte, port W7CNKnow getting excellent echoes from his
KlPJM/4, writes of logging Oscar S but hearing own transmissions, and the first 220 EME contact
little else at Milton. Florida. There is 2-meter does not appear far away.
activity in Florida, Pete, from several l)Xers and
another group of fellows in the Tampa area, 432-MHz activity will be increasing soon as more
K4EJQ, Tenn., is finding band occupancy this favorable tropo weather arrives. Both K8DEO and
winter disappointing, but Bunky has spent time K4GL report an interesting contact made January
logging Oscar 5 and building amplifiers for 144 and 17. K8DEO and K4GL had been scheduling nightly
432. I'd guess even he doesn't know how many he for several weeks. K8DEO noticed a 3«-second
has built. What do you do with them all, Bunky? enhancement of K4GL*s signal every night between
K6AEP sends an Interesting report on California *>:37 and 9:41 P.M. during the 15-minute schedule,
2-meter happenings. Clay says there is much which began at 9:30. On January 17 they switched
activity on Monday, Wednesday and Friday nights to 15-second calling sequences and were successful
at 9 o'clock, California time, around L44.02. In the in exchanging contact Information during that
San Francisco area, K6s AEP, BDK, HCP, KLY, evening's 30-second enhancement period. Quite
MYC and PXT and W6GHV are working-the Nicely the signals are propagated by aircraft reflec-
4o5-mile mountainous path to IM Angeles, where tion, but KSDEO says such a pronounced 30
they find Kfe IBY and J YO and Wfe DQJ, KD and -second-only period is unusual. Signals increased 35
QED. Clay invites other stations to participate, and t<» 40 dB during the period.
itays 200 watts and moderate antennas will span W4FJ, Virginia, says 432 has been slow and that
the path. At Fresno, W6DPD Is finishing a scatter schedules with W0DRL, Kansas, were inter-
30X1000A7 amplifier - that should reach L.A., rupted when a ice storm damaged ATs array. W4PJ
Chuck - and says W6JUK has a kW on the air. and WA2EMB have been scheduling for about two
Chuck says all stations are welcome to the Central years. In early February they completed contact
Valley group which meets Monday, Wednesday and number 400 and Ted says that since WA2KMB
Friday on 145.35 at 9 P.M. began using four Tilton Yagis in November, his
K7VTM, Wyoming, i* planning to increase his signals have been consistently two S-units stronger
power to 500 watts by June, hoping to boost his thatn last winter when Bill was using a coilinear
states-worked totals by the meteor scatter route. array.
W7ZC* Springdale, Utah, says he has worked three In Tennessee, K4KJQ continues to look1 for
states and the W5LT, exWSFtPF, will won be schedules in Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama and
active from New Mexico. In Oregon, WA7GFP says West Virginia. Bunky says hell even donate gear to
WA7GCS has been successful logging data from someone in these states who has had previous vhf
Oscar 5. experience. WB2ND1, Brooklyn, wants ATV sched-
W8DGF, Ohio, reports a February 6th tropo ules, K3CFA has successful weekend schedules
opening, when he worked several stations in Illinois with W3KUE, and has recently increased his power
and K?MQS, I own, W9YYF raised his 2 meter output from SJo 100 watts. Joe is running a 6283
standings with Geminid and Quadrantid contacts, in grounded-grid, with a half-wave tank circuit.
but says other than that, conditions have been W3GKP, whose 2300-MHz work with W4HHK
poor. W9KQX writes WIHDQ of his breakfast has been reported in detail In these pages, says that
schedules with W0LFE» They began in September, this publicity has brought inquiries from several
1958, and since have completed 2450 contacts. fellows in this country and in Europe. Bill has been
That is a lot of talking! W9ZTK says WN9CCR Is receiving his own 2300-MHz signals hack from the
contemplating some cw activity if he can find moon regularly since last fail, and W4HHK has
someone to work (*). At Springfield, Illinois, heard them identiflably, as well.
W9NFO says there is much fm activity on 146.94. Since Dec. 20, W3GKP has been running recei-
W0MTKsays there are two 2-meter repeaters in the ving tests with W4HHK, and on many occasions
Grand Junction, Colorado, area. One is atop a has picked up a signal definitely moon-reflected,
7000 foot mountain and the other is at the home but too weak for positive identification by aural
of WfrPXZ. Roth are 145.32 to 146.94 operations. methods. Setting his own transmitter so that his
Moon bounce activity has been light the past echo was on the same frequency as that of the
several months. VE7BQH ha* been scheduling signal, he was able to observe the doppler shift on
K6MYC, while looking for anothe dB or two in his both. Libration
1
spreading of the signal produces a
system. KH6NS is trying to locate antenna diffi- "gurgle * that make readability on such a weak
culties. VK3ATN .says he is building another signal very difficult. On
2-meter EME array, this one a 280- element On Feb, 17, Bill first picked up his own echo at
cofftnear. Ray is going to apply for permission to 0129. Peaking all adjustments, he then started to
run one kilowatt input instead of the normal look for W4HHK, on schedule, picking up what he
Australian ISO-watt maximum. Ray is searching assumed was W4HHK at 01 5L By 0215 the signal
for 432, 1296 and microwave gear for himself and was showing a 2-dB upward swing on the VI' meter
some of the fellows in New Zealand. If ynu have at W3GKP, in a 200-Hz pas*band. At 0217, he had

April 1970 111

Mrs. Smith cull W4HHK by telephone to request
5-4econd-on, 5-secund-off transmission. This type
of reception began at 0220, and was heard contin-
uously until 0242. W3GKP'* own echoes dis-
appeared at 0247.
lite W4HHK signal was audible in passbands of
200, 500 and 2100 kHz, but was judged best in the
200-kHz bandwidth. The gurgle is a real handicap
to cw operation with such low signal levels. It is
not changed by going to circular polarization, and
is worst with the moou overhead* This last point
Bill sees as a good argument for putting an EME
antenna high enough to see the horizon. W4HHK'*
can do this, but the W3GKP dish is capable of only
limited movement.
Getting even this far has heen an Incredibly long
and difficult process for both participants. Text*
continue and it would seem that actual two-way
communication on 2300 MHz is now only a matter
of time - and effort! IQ«M
FCC Repeater Proposals
{continued from page 891
owner of the equipment, is not present, the
operator must identify his transmissions by using
his own call sign with the appropriate porta hie
indicator.
(g) A. club station may be identified by its
assigned call only when operated under the
supervision of the trustee or an authorised club
member.
(h) A military recreation station may be
identified by its assigned call only when operated
by a member of the Armed Forces of the United
States who holds a valid amateur operator license.
9. Section 97.89 is amended to read as follows:
97.89 Points of communication.
(a) Amateur stations may communicate with:
( ! ) Other amateur stations.
<2|ln emergencies or for test purposes, and on a
temporary basis, with stations in other services
licensed by the Commission and with United States
government stations.
(3) Any station, other than an amateur station,
which has been authorized to communicate with
amateur stations.
(bl Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph
(a) of this section, an Amateur Repeater Station
shall not repeat the transmissions of another
Amateur Repeater Station.
(0. Section 97.103 is revised to read as followx:
97.103 Station log.
(a) Each licensee of a station other than an
Amateur Repeater Station shall keep a log of
station operation which *hall include the
following:
(1) Kxcept when operating mobile, the date and
time of each transmission or the beginning and end
of a series of transmissions.
(2) When operating mobite, the date and time
station operation commences and ends.
(3> (Jail sign of the station called.
(4) If the transmissions are made through a
repeater station, the call sign of the repeater-
(5) The signature of each licensed operator who
operates the transmitter from the transmitter
location or control point and the date aud time of
such operation.
(6) The name of any person other than the
operator who directly or by recording transmits by
voice or transmits by radio teleprinter.
(7) The input power to the transmitter-
' s ) The frequency band or suhband used.
112
(9) The type of emission used.
(10) The station location.
(11) If record message* are handled, a copy of
each mewtage sent and received shall be entered in
the station log or retained on file for at least one
year,
(b) The licensee of an Amateur Repeater
Station shall keep a log of operation which shall
include the following:
(1) The date and time station operation
commences and ends.
(2) The entries specified in subparagraphs (5),
(7), (8), (9), and (10) of paragraph (a> of this
section.
(J) A record of all Installation, service or
maintenance work performed which may affect the
proper operation of the station.
(4) The entry required by subparagraph (3) of
this paragraph shall be made, signed, and dated by
the licensed amateur operator who supervised or
performed the work.
(c) The entries required by subparagraphs (5),
(7), (8), (9)> and ( l t i ) of paragraph (a) of this
section need only be entered once until there is a
change in the required entry.
11. In 97.193, the introductory text of paragraph
(a) is amended, and a new paragraph (e) is added to
read as follows;
97,193 Frequencies available.
(aj Except a* provided in paragraph (e) of this
section, the following frequencies and frequency
bands and associated emissions axe available on a
non-exclusive basis to the indicated classes of
stations or units of such xtationx in the Radio
Amateur
* * * * * Civil Emergency Service.
(el A repeater in the Radio Amateur Civil
Emergency Service may operate on any frequency
and associated emission above 50 Mc/s listed in
paragraph (a) of this section.
5BWAS Nr. 1
The starting date was Jan. 1, 1970r and W1AX
wasted no time working and confirming this
brand-new award, in fact, Feb. 4 was the official
date of qualification. Hera's Rog with his "match-
ed s e t " 5BWAS Nr. 1 and 5BDXCC Nr. 7. Only
two qualifiers to date of both groups, W1AX and
W4IC - quite an exclusive S-Band Club! (Photo hy
John Corey i
QST for
 W.-T* —p' i. •»—'—•• ••» •*•, •
GEORGE HART, WIHJM

News . ... .. .
Administration: LILLIAN M. SALTER, W1ZIE
ELLEN WHITE, WTTYM,
Ovpntr Gonuaa. Mqt,

DXCC- ROBERT L. V7fUTE, W1CV7 Training Aid*: OERALD PTNAED

Cbntort*: ALBERT W, NOONE, WAIKQM PuJbtfc Smrviom: WILLIAM O, REICHERT, WA9HKH

53WAS First! The effective date of the new
ARRL 5BWAS award was January 1970; that is,
no contacts made prior to that date counted
toward the award. Co and behold, early in Feb-
ruary W1 AX camc traipsing into Headquarters with
an armfui of confirmations, claiming his 5BWA5
credit. They checked out flawlessly (ax did his
5BDXCC, number 7% earlier} and we had ourselves
a "first/* Congratulations to Roger on a superlative
achievement in a miraculously short time!
interestingly enough, 34 of the cards were "five
banders"; that is, 34 of the states were confirmed
by the same station on each of five separate hands,
Some Philadelphia lawyers reading the rules might
give you the wrong impression. The intent is to
require ail 50 spates to be worked and confirmed
on qjjch of five bands. You can't combine conflr-,
illations on two or more bands to make up a unit'
of 50, For example, you couldn*t submit 50
confirmation* for 15, 50 for 20, 50 for 40,50 for
SO, and then 49 for 10 and 1 for 160 to make up
your fiftieth "band/* You gutta have fifty in each
band.
Where's the BPL? Some of you may remember
that a year or so ago we conducted a CD Bulletin
poll on, among other things* the question of
whether or not a new Public Service Honor Roll
should replace the BPL. The vote was heavily in
the affirmative. Much consideration of how to do
it was resolved in May 1969, when the Board of
Directors decided we should have a PSHR in
addition to the BPL.
Lest you are now preparing to write your
director to say the headquarters isn't following
orders, please look in the Amateur Radio Public
Service column of this issue and you will find the
usual BPL, along with the PSHR, The BPLets are
essentially public service people, and this is where
they belong.
Straight Key Nite. K4MD proposes an ARRL
-sponsored M party" on the low end of 80 cw which
any but only operators using straight keys arc
eligible. "Strictly in formal attire," he says.
bugs, no keyers." If it clicks (pooh!) it can be
made an annual affair, with some kind of honor
bestowed on the operator voted to be best straight
key operator.
Does the novelty of the idea tickle your fancy?
K4MD proposes it for New Year's Eve, but that's
still quite a ways off; perhaps we don't want to
wait quite so long. Not too often do you hear a
good old-fashioned pump-handle in operation any
more. Let us know if you like the idea and if so,
when you would (ike to see it conducted.
QRX. Once in a while a standard 0 signal
becomes so imbedded with us amateurs that its old
meaning continues to be used long after the new
meaning has been in effect. Such is the ease with
QRX, which since 1947 has not meant "stand by."
At the Atlantic City international allocations con-
ference of that year, its meaning was changed to
"When will you call me agiin? I will call you again
at . . . * * Thus, for over 20 years many of us have
been using this Q signal incorrectly.

OPERATING EVENTS (Dates in G M T ) - ARRL4ARU-SCM Affiliated Club - Operating Events

April May
Mar. 28 -
Apr, 19 IARC DX Contest, phone, p. 78 January 3 VE2 Contest cw
4-5 New Mexico QSO Party, p. 114 March (Sta.Activlties,this issue)
Florida QSO Party, p. I IS March 7 Qualifying Run, W6QWP
0 Frequency Measuring Test
SP DX Contest, p. 81 March 9-11 Georgia QSO Party
H Qualifying Run, W60WP (Sta*Activities,this Issue)
j 1 Qualifying Run, WIAW 12 Qualifying Run, WIAW
11-12 CD Party, cw {League officials and 16-17 Michigan QSO Party
June
18-19 CD Party, phone (appointees only 1 Qualifying Run, W60WP
25-26 WAE RTTY DX Contest (How* DX, this issue) 6 Minnesota QSO Partv
Arizona QSO Party (Station Activities .this issue) 10 Qualifying Run, WIAW
PACC Contpst (How1* DX, this issue) 13-14 VHFQSO Party
Nebraska QSO Party (Station Actlvities,this issue) 27-28 Ptold Day
26 VE2 Contest phone (Station Activitiesftthis Issue)

April 1970 113

 W1AW SCHEDULE, APRI1 1970
The AttHL Maxim Memorial Btatiou welcome* visitor*, OperatLug-viuttaff hour* are Monday through Friday
1 P.U.-1 a.FBC. GST, *Hturday 7 1 :U0 a.m. W atul Sunday 4 p.u.~U4)0 m l EST. T h e Nation address u 3S6
Main Street, Newini(Con, Oonu., kJkkiC r tail«* mutfe ot tfartford. -V soap taud *treet ifrtait mil be sent upon
request, it y»>u uriuh t» cipiuate, vuij must have your ort^'rU iterator's lioenna with yon, Hie station wiU be closed
March 27, in obwrvaiiuif of i*ou»i Friday.
OUT* tfuwJuy XfoTuJay TuuHuy Wnlmwu Thurwday Friday Saturday
0000 RTTY OBH»-7
0(130 ^ • - C O D E P R A C T I C E D A I L Y 1 10-13-15 w p m •
QIW C W OBS*
QOMJlifU* 7I.7UU* 7,020 3.52D 7.15CP 7,020
0130 ,,., &.700* 7.080 &.Mft 7.150s 7.080
oiiuo « puotsti
luuti 50.120 Ufi.fiUU l.b20 A,HBU
—-—LSODE PKACriCE DAILY' R5-15 wpmTThSati, i5-J5wpra MWF8nJ >
ittSflOHJlDO* 3,565
0100 RTTY 0B»* .. * • KTTY OBS3 >-
0LLU-0UK1 . <
4 UIM 7.0U5 14.09* 3,flJ26
0W0 t'ftluNUuBJ* — - — PHONE O I W - - —
OIMHXJIJO* .. . 7f£!0 HMQ 7.2120 3.820 7.320
a>U0 <HYOByA << CW OBS1 —
•KOMIM!* 3.700® 7.uao a.945 7,iw« ajsao
iMtfMMW 3.700* 7.USU 4.446 7,tSU« 3.C6S
I Hill 4 CODE PRACTICE1 (5-i5 wpm MWFJ, (35-15 wpm TTh)
1800-1U0*) a 1/3* -51/a* iU/JlS6 ai/aP
imwrm uaso 1-L260 7.2W <4.a»o
30UU-2100 .,,. LLSS0 '.Sl/MHJ U,0»5 3]/'*** 7*080
iUSn-43SD L 1,100 U.W 14.100 14.380 14.100 .........
£330-2330 7, £55 31/M1 iiM* 7.255
U;WOB3(l>iiUetiiu, Ltt wpm) ami thu wide praetieeoa 1,805, 3.52.7.02, li.UVJUQV-ai.02, 50.02,and 145.6 M i l s .
* Phone OBS (»>uUotraa) UC, 3.W, 7.22, 21.37, iiS.W, 50.12, and 145.6 MUx.
* R T P V OBS (bulletins! 3 a tt», 7,0y5, 14.095,21.095 and 20.015
4 Starting time appto*iruatfl, Operating period follows conclusion of bulletin or code practice*
* Operation will hp on utie nf the Mlovrinic frequcnoiea: 21.08, 21.27, 21,41, 28.02 or 28,52 MII«.
( WlAW will lis ton in the Novice wn^ectB for Novice,uu tbe band indicated, trarnmittdniton the frequency ebown.
7 Hdifettiui scat With (7U-<ferU nfiift, repeated wi'Ul tW-ffertz ahift.

Maiatetzauue 8tarf; W l i QI3 W P H . * T i m e w a y e ia G M T , OperatLnc froquebcies are apprazimate,

^ M k y (>iVT will carry the W l A W Spring-Summer schedule, which will become effective April 26, 1970,

What Q ugnal means stand by? Nojne that we
know of. What's wrong with good old AS? Instead
of saying " Q R X one" on phone, say "stand by
one/* We shouldn't be using Q signals on voice
anyway.
February PMT Readout* We like that word
"readout" - it sounds real modern and it's nice to
have cUi excuse to use it. Like "circuitry11 and
"configuration," it puts us in the " n o w " group
lingo-wise.
Anyway, starting with this usue the results of
each quarterly FMT wdl be printed received
from the official measuring agency, commonly
referred to as the "umpire." This will permit those
who measured the W l A W FMT transmissions on
I-'Kb. 14 and who missed the special W l A W
bulletin announcing the readings and who are now
A R R L Official Observers, to check their measure-
ments. The earl y run measurements were
3528.1%, 7039,101 and 14048.832 kHz. Late run
measurements came out &t 3566.434, 7046.923
and 14072.296 kHz.
As usual, an early summer QST* will note those
making the FMT Honor Roll, All Official Observers
who reported their results to headquarters by Feb.
2$ shuuJd have received individual reports on
results of accuracy of submitted readings.
Code Practice Schedules Needed. We are now in
the process of updating our printed list of stations
maintaining regular code practice schedules. If you
run a daily or weekly schedule that will run for a
period of at least six months, please submit your
schedule for this listing. Either send for Fonn
CD-62 or supply the following details: call, name,
mailing attdress, e\act frequency, days, time*,
speeds, start and conclusion of schedule. Any
additional information pertaining to your schedule
(or others that you have heard and feel we may
have missed) would bo wdcomed
Spring Is Here. In most parts of our field
organization, those reading this will be in the midst
of the annual awakening of nature, heralding the
returning of birds, the awakening of animals and
the turning green of the countryside from its
winter mantle of brown or dirty white. Now at
least we can get at those antenna repairs and get
that mobile rig back into operation. Happy spring-
time, gang! It's wonderful to be ahve. WiNJM.
5BWAS
No. 1
W1 A X
No. 2
W4 I C

114 QST for

 ARRL CODt PKOK'ICIENCV PROCRAM standing, are required on each petition. No member shall sign
Qualifying Run* more than one petition-
rach candidate for Sevtion Communication* Manager must
Any person vtn apply for an AKKL code proficiency award. meet the following requirements prior to deadline date listed
Neither Leslie memberxhlp nor an amateur license is required. below; f l j Holder of amateur Conditional O w license or higher.
Mwd L-opve* of nil qualifying run* to *KUL far grading, stating i2) A licensed amateur for at (east two years immudlntely prior
the eall of the station yuit c^mpd. If yotp qualify at one of the tr* nomination, <31 An AKkL full member for at least two yeara
tUfcpvedii transmitted f t o - y o u will recvivv & certificate. immediately prior to uotninntlon, IVtltfom must be received on
If your initial qualification Ik fur a kpeed hrlow ,15 wpm, you or before 4:30 PM on the dosing dates specified. In cases where
may try later fnr endorsement stickers. Each month the AKKL no >altd nominating petitions were received In response to
\i-tivlUes Calendar notex the ^uali lying rim dates fnr W1 AW. previous notice*, the closing dates are sec abend to the dates
md W60WJ" IWtfZKJ, alternate) for the coming 3-month period* given herewith. 'Ihe complete name, address, cWe and
VI AW will transmit a qualifying run on all listed cw frequenciesvtatlon vail of the candidate and signers nhould be included with
-t U2J0 GMl April II. (In converting, U23(J GMT April II the petition, it is advisable that right ui ten fUll-member
nsriimeH 3130 KST April iu.> ugnatiirea be obtained, since un checking names against
V60WP (Wft/RJ. alternateK will transmit a qualifying run on Headquartersfijea.with no time to return invalid petitions for
S4I) and kHz OSUU uMT April 8 (become* 2100 PST addition*, a petition may be found invalid by remon* of expiring
:prJI 7.) memberships, individual signen uncertain or ignorant uf the
inetnbersMp statin, etc.
Cod* Practice Flections will take place Immediately after the closing dates
W1AW transmit* daily end* ^mtlce iccoidlng to the tollow- specified for receipt of nominating petitions. ThchalUits mailed
ig M-heduIe. I-or practice purpoiea. the order of word* *n w h from Headquarters to full member* will Ust in alphabetical
lie may he reveraed during the M.* wpm traittiniwJun*- (bath sequence names of nil eligible candidates.
jpe rarrles a checking rvfrrence.l The following nominating form i* suggested. (Signers should
be sure to give city, street address and iip code.)
.Speftda Local times/days C>MT tlmev/dayx
Communivutions Manager, AKkL (Place and date
•), | 1 5 7: in KM KST daily 0030 daily 2 2* Main St., Newlngton*Cimn. U&U\
4: JO m PST Wc, che undersigned full members uf tbe
02 Jo MWFSn AKKL Scctlon of the Division, hereby nominate .. .
, in *:Aiy RMfcfcir(bnTTh as candidate for Section Communications Manager for
Js 10s 25 6i30 m PST (Sat this Section for the next lwu-ye«r term of office.
<J!U0 AM JiST MWF 1400 MWF Vuu are urgtfd fo taKe the initiative and file nominating
ft:00AMP8T petitions Immediately.
5. JD, 25 9;.10 PM RRT MWF U230 HhSat Harr, WiMM, Cvmmuhfrationx Manager
A, IS 0. Jo PM PST
l
>:00 AM EST llti 1400 TTh Surthw dfxinx Date SCM Term t ttds
6;00 AM PST Lnuislana . . . 4~10<70 J. AJIen Swan^onjr , - G-lo-7n
the 0230 t'»MT practice In omitted four time* a year on ynehei' LasternN.Y. , . . 4-10-70 Grjham G« Berry , , 0-10-70
iefrignated nights when frequency Measuring TehU are made in Lastern Mash. . . . 4-10-fU 4-LO-7Q James J bey . . . . . fr-U-70
hronk L, Uaker pr **15-70
his period, to permit Improving your fist by sending in ttep 'iVyoming . . . . Wayne M. Moore . , 6-xwo
ivi tn W!A\V (hut m»t over the air I), and to allow checking the So.Caroftna > . . 4-1^70 Charles N. Wright . « ^It-i'l
iccnracy ^f yuut cup> nn certain tape*, note the GMT date* and Canal Zt»iw , . . SlMft ^.t.Oberltuimf . . .1W0-**
texts to he sent In the 02.M> GMT practice on the following Ontario . . . . - S-M-70 knyA.Whlte . • . 12-1
da tea; Maritime . . . 5*11-70 William J, r.fllw , . . 3-11-70
Ltete Subject of practice textfromFebruary QS7, Saskatchewan . « S-H-70 <Gordon C. Pearce , , 11-70
Aj*. \ to It Seems to LK, p. H Alaska S-11-70 Albert K Web^r . , . 7-10-70
Utah 5-11-70 Thomas K Miller , . 715-70
Apr, 21: Uiuipment Modification for the blind* p. II Tirana t-JO-7o Gary M. Hamman . . , g-v-7o
Apr. 24: How to Wind Your Own h>wr Transformer, p. 2f> Western N,Y, > • . ^J 0-70 K«M.Pltzeri»e . . . . H i 7-70
Date Subject of practice text from Unamtundtng Lowa ft-10-70 WaVne L. Johnson . . A-17-70
\vnaltrut Hndin. First Edition. Idaho 6-10-71) Donald A. OcUp . . . K-17-70
May 4; About Components* p- 12ft S.Joaquin Valley , A-10-70 Ralph Saroyan . . . M0-70
May B: Component Values and Su Institutions, p. 12* Montana 7-10-70 Joseph A. D'Arcy . . .0-4*70
Northern I ex as . . 7-10-70 L.f.Harrlson . . < . 9 13-70
tLfcCTION NOTICE hLKCnON RESULTS
7V» qU 4&R(> member* In ifur Svtfion* listed Mr Valid petition* nominating a single candidate a* Section
Vuu it re hereby notified that an election for Section Manager wre filed by members irt the follonlng Sections,
Communications Manager is about to be held In your mpectivr completing their election In accordance with regular League
^tlons. Ihfa notice supersedes previous notices. policy, each term of office starting on the date ccven.
Nominating petitions are tolicitcd. The signatures of five or Southern New Jersey AJ. Charles Et Traber^, W2YPZ Mar. 4V(«7D
more AKKL full members of the Section concerned,. In good Ifecitgla Harrison. WA4WgU Mar 24,1070

Statement by the multiplier structure (which would, in the opinion

CONTEST ADVISORY COMMITTEE
The At Sweepstakes contest was conducted, on a
trial basis, without » low power multiplier. This
trial was carried out on the recommendation of the
ARRL Contest Advisory Committee (See page 61.
February QST). with the concurrence of the
Headquarters Contest and Awards Committee.
The suggestion that the power multiplier be
eliminated in SS is not new. Such a rule change has
been considered many times in the past, and a
multitude of arguments exist to support each side
of the question. However, the argument which was
most influential in convincing the CAC that a
multiplier might be eliminated on trial is simply
that the power at a station is only one of the many
things that go into the making of a guud SS score.
The same reasoning that supports a power handi-
cap. for example, if carried to its logical end,
suggests also that an antenna multiplier, a receiver
multiplier, or even a power leak multiplier should
be written into the rules* Lacking such an extensive
of the CAC, complicate the SS rules beyond
reason), the CAC believed that the power multi-
plier is, in a sen*e< arhitrary and ineffective at
equal!Ting the competitive chances of various
stations.
Reaction to the 196m SS trial has been mixed
Many participants, either by choice or other
reasons, simply do not care to use higher power in
SS under any circumstances, while many others
hold the opposite view with equal conviction. The
CAC feels that it is important to be responsive to
the majority opinion, yet at the name time it is
important to find a solution which will not
adversely effect the enjoyment that ail contestants
derive from participation in SS.
Comments are still being received and evaluated
hy the Committee. If you have not already
expressed your opinion, please do so at an early
date, as the Committee recommendation will soon
be made to Hq.
JAMES A. MAXWELL, W6CUF
Ctiairman.

April 1970 115

 ® o
brom J s a a t i y I, 1970, through i i n a v y $ I , 1970, DXCC certificate* bued on contacts with ((JO-or-more coontrin
hnve been tasued by the ARRL Headqutrtera to the • ma tears Hated. The three columns i t the right nhow Uauancea
for radiotelephone operation,

7Um T f a m f a t d

want 245 KuisH in WADFAR 102 wtAQn 231 KXt.lIK 107 WVMKL 103
Wm'iJJ K8AQS 106 WAOBZD 102 K*MHl> 224 7/3AJO 107 UJ1WT 102
waihfn 229 VK211HP/YV108 K6IJMV Ifir KRtKAS 209 W4HUK 107 1A7QJ/1 102
vmyi IBB njKKu I«I7 W1ETU 101 WMHR 184 K4EE- K (06 WB2HB1) 102
wtnHBW l«3 M l BIN <u* W3KCW CUI JAII3ZY 151 men. 106 WVH.1KM IOJ
W2DLY 16 J W2NVA iuo WAJllA MM I-5CZ 129 106 i M6VI mi
G5CP 151 109 WAoHT 101 SM70GY 129 WA3A»g 106 VY2I11 Y 191
SM7CGY isr K6BSN 10$ WAWiK rot WA8UUK 1» WA»TVC 106 W3CBQ (01
W8UUI 142 0171T ]i* IA2HW Iiki KKflKf- K6f..»PY fU5 U4K.KS (01
1HC3PU MO KftRCT 104 KITKS 100 nV£LA 122 K^SSN 1<1* WB4COP 191
W9JYK l'>Q LA4YF 104 K6HWW IDU DK3PU t J7 WB4UNK 105 KP4BBX fill
WiDIA l2o OK3RC 11)4 WetfVZ (Mil OK2XX 1 16 /MKB 104 KtfYTM UK)
dkjxx 11V WA9WXL 103 WA1YTT 100 W7YQI 113 W14QTA 103 WA2HVU 100
KWJWA 113 L.AJP1 102 W»VUD 10» LA1IM row WSUWY 103 WASH'S litfi
l)L2gil Hi VF7TIQ 102 WAJC'JU 100 ZS6ACK 108 WA9JLV 100
WA9KGD 112 W6PNO 102 WAfVYI 100
L»J3XD 111 ZPSL'R (UftJ

Lndonemento issued for conflnutUma credited frojn January I, 33$ WttlYOH 200
WftYWO
I97Q,tinOBgfcJmuaiy 3t,L970*ie liated below. Frtdnminent VHHZ W^FHV K6P/ W^KtN
WA9lVt K7KL& W7tt Z
fisdngi from the 120 through 2401ml neut Inctcmenfe of 20* 330 WHJiA
from ISO through 3(10, uctemenb of 10, and above 300, of 5. W4JIHC 26tJ KHHWL W9<1WS
Totofa stamn da not neceuarfly repmrnt the exact credit* but W^NVZ h«SK SM7ANK
only thfct the endotsemejit level tun been leadied-Ponr colomnc K«UOi WA2HSX 140
325 R^ihU W2G)CK/4 kmoyo
c * the right cover radiotelephone. CifcTA WU4K24 K9110
U13JIM wtux
W4I.NQ WMPVA W2MU
280 240 200 W4Kb2 320 W A Ml?!(>
111*10 W4WSI 250 f«0 WA4KJK/4
IHTVN K7RL* W4B0Y MN1I: FM 7I.V
VL5MR KIZS1 PA*XPQ wu4urc MOP
kMXH wiprn #4PMY 310 K4WMB
270 YVSCMU Pa AT O70M1 I-MAP WAhTNJ
HPJiC VE3QD WA2HBX W9HJ tVjAF-5 K4h.tR. W0NZY
VMDK W2GHK/4 140 W4lfKW K4kJN
260 w*cm WA4QBX JOS K6DYQ WAfUOU
DL91V
frHSK WOLBB WgWKV K9LUX PY1HKU WTDPM W41UK 120
cjnly VNirrs W3HK. WORQM W4WSf vrjLtp
11 YRtw IftO W60I.
220 WJMZB W5NOR m VrJbt'.
WHURt.K W1AA WA2VEG WBHDR 240 WA9<JAM WA2FIJ
W51J A 2SM0AJU ucwN WA9VIZ
250 LWPW ttMBAP UH2SUJ
DJ4PT K4WMB WBoVCM ZfclBP 280 W3H1I
K1LHT KOIbL 120 K4ZCP 220 IfrO WA2I1IV
PV2USU WB2CGW ll>0 UJgKX JA1UZY ka^HO WB4HJN
«V4RJ I WA4UQM tot i a k hriwsg W0LBB PA9XPQ K.flli- w^Mr/
W7DQM VK1DNR I! frBI W1AA K5KYD SYB6WAV
W5VVL VLiLk 270 VMnNR
WAHVL K41KX KI/KI wnxr.w VF3XQ W7^xM
Xfc 1YG KWHU W7VRO A-B2PUM WAANXt
K3JLK Vfe4At WfTYY
W^NZY SMSAM SV2HPM
WIWF W9NVJ ttA^l-VC
WAtf NT*'
ZUCA

KKHKU tl3.t00-372.600g WJ BUT $ 5,70ci-194-57-06

JANUARY CD PARTIES WSQNY 111.600-360-62*1! W6B1P M.005-1H6-57-0*
the foJlowlne otk high clAimnt ncorni chey read*from tatt toW&8H (K7NHV. opr,) W91.M1 177*60- (0
woium $4^)00-193-54-05
right: appointee, total acore, number of O ^ X number uV
sactloiM and nninbar of homoftiperation. bfnal adjusted score* KH6GP0 L 10,0 50-34 H-62* 10 W4GEQ
WlPAt. ift7,flB5-3»6-A9-| 3 WB4HbS $^,4X11-174-61-13
will appear in the April <<n BiUletin. IVA1KQM. K*iX!X 107,010-36 2-5H* 10 K7WWR A3.010-180.5T0H
W4KfC (06,140.341-61-04 K.6YNB .1M70-179-57-04
K4CAX l97«J4<K59lf66-20 W6D0H 104,160-32y-62-U6 WH9BXX 51.220^197-52-12
WlBUU/2 WEBAKW 197.27*60*6*- K2KNV 101,370-321-02-06 K^ZTV iO .600-1HW-5 5-09
WVl W1AX L94,9^0-*7«-67^4 W2DRV 11111,955.324*61-11 W9GtL 47,100-KI-ftU.
K2K[R 2Hg,750-81tt-7|>l7 W6B1P I "4,S20-*66-6ft- 20 WA 3H r.K/K (+WA8CVT) K41LX 4 A,9O5- 170- 5 3-06
K4SXD 190,450-530-45-1 tt 2 6 2 . 1 4 0 - 7 1 H M^NC 44,750-t7>50<04
VE7BDJ KWX 188,60S-5 57*67-18 W2TUK 44,745-1 50-57-04
\\"*VHt (WvAQW.oprO WflKI-H 179,715-555-6$-19 m YT f njuAiuWAM r m
jllft^Ml-3 34-64-04 W9EC1Q 43,72^152-55-09
WltJJ 16*MIUO-$24-64-12
K4PU2 25f167$-7K0>0$-2u M b U 167^1 $0- 507- 6 5-17 WA3JKU/3 42»JV0«I 52^54-
WSKUK 2S51270.7S«-^7.20 WA2UAL [AS>25-4RM-67»t9 Phone WA3KUP/3 40,500-1 50-54-10
•V7,92<Mi1-4S*05
W4(r bg •«> )u .tfUU- 7 > 16W6WX ^5,490-4*7-67-17 WAUFMS 1 |9,460-3,S»-66-17 WiON 13,2X0*124-52-07
W2CXU (WA3HRV, i<pr J W5RF 160,209-502*63-1$ KOYVU 110,721^342*^4-1S M YRt
V&JAYK 32i25l>-125-$0'09
2 44tgQ0-7 20- 6 fe-20K3HKP 14H,6B0*467-63-17 WSHOB WA4SI>C 32,250-123-50-03
K4BAI 244»SS0-7JJ-^|4 W2SZIWB2FAJ, opr.) W1AX K4t600-27S-60-l0 W4K1-C .<2,240-117*52-03
W6lsy 141,700-4.11^65-1 o K4VIJ 79,040-240-64-OH WJkWV A} ,9X0-120- 5|.05
WilN K4IEX (3M2O.40t-6g*ia VYSQGZ 76 1 1l0-2»r-&9-12 K^HH/4 .11,250.120-50-05
WA2UWA WSI-CX 1 37.7SM33-62-10 W4DQD 73,780-235-62*13 VKAhK 31.250-125-50*09
W4M0 KHftJJ J 36,280-422-64-19 K 4 BBS/4 W6ISQ 29,.<20-111-4*0*
VF2nCW 216,165-700-67^9 WA0WEZ 13 2,000-400-66-11 KMIL ^6,1 2th232-57*09 WA3BUL/S 1 ( 3- 4*03
K2MME WA2BLX 129,900*42«-6<M7 W6HQX 64,615-229-5 5-0g K9/MS/6 27*440-104-49-
MIA IS WA2U0E W^RK 64,1 25-21 *»7-0tt WRNOH 2^,250-104*50-04
WtflK'K 207,400-603-68-16 W t BUT < 26,000-420-60-! 3 WA5KJT 63,55^220-57-(t \va«tl;m 25,7l5-lU0-49*fj4
204,690- A07-67-19 W1 VTU 126,000-400-63-11 K2b.tU/6 25,425-108-45.06
WATTS P 20 5,260- 617-66-1 8 WA2BCT I I9|J50-3£1>-6J-11 WOCY MO^-ro-^ui.R^ii KltitX/5 LTU WPK
K^CNC 20l.9b0.6l 2-JXt-M K1QKU 11 «,720-3<Y>-64-1H Vb^l-YD WlAWfWU
5Jt,94£-200-57-Og WAlCr r
<¥6bt>Jt HB2SIK < 17^160-400*5^ KIGAX 25,760 t05_4j
KIVTM 14 <J ,650*600*66* (7 KHHJD I t4.680-37t-6l-l^ WSQNY 56,700,210-54-09
 tat ion
•All operating a m a t e u r s arc invited to
r e p o r t t o t h e SUVI o n l l i e lirst o f e a c h
month* covering »Ution activities for the
jrrpccdiaft m o n t l i . R a d i o C l u b n e w * I*
a l s o d e s i r e d by S C M * f u r i n c l u s i o n i n
t h e s e columnSP T h e a d d r e s s e s o f a l l
S C M s will lie f o u n d o n p a g e 6.
ATLANTIC DIVISION
DKLAWARE - SCM, John L. Penrod, K3NYG - SEC/PAM:
W3DKX. RM; W3EF.B. Thanks to the SEC, the County EC*, the
MDD reps and a II part Id paring member* for making the Jan.
SET such b success, W3KKB still It teaming how to run hit new
keyer, WA3IMTM b working at WTUX as a DJ, WA3HGV won
the Delaware QSO Party In Kent and N.C. Counties. W3YAH
hopes to have a Novice class going in Sussex County soon.
W3MK Is tracking Oscar S with the gang at W3ZH. Don gives
progress reports on the I)KPN each Sat. WA3CDV lectured the
Del. ARC on TVJ and antennas. W3HKS participated in the Jan.
CD Party. WA3GSM will he attending Georgetown College this
semester. Many have reported working W3FEH while he was in
Arizona. A welcome back to Delaware to W3GAB. WA3HWCU
home recovering from his hospital vfsit, KCEPN reports QNI 40.
1 raffle: W3FEB 99, W3DKX 92, W3TRC 70, WA3GSM 45,
KJNYG 20, WA3DUM IS, W3HZW 10, W3SL in, K30CE
WA3COV 3, WA3KGV 3.
EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA - SCM, George S. Van Dyke,
Ji., W3HK SEC: W3ICC. RM$: W3KML, K3MVO, W3MPX.
PAMs: K3PSO, WAJGU. VHK PAM: W3FGy, UO reports were
m ifived from K-IRDT, KJHNP, WAJKPC, W3KEK;OBS reports
from WAJAH, W3CBH, WA3J KO» WA3IKB, WA3EF.C,
K3WEU, WA3FM1; OVS reports from WA3JWL, W3ZRR.
WA31AZ, WAJNVO, WAJEEC. WA3BJQ, WA3FMK K3VAX,
W3PST, W3CL, K3WKU. ttPLm: W301II., W3VR, W3EML,
W3MPX. WA3*ML, WA3HBT, WA3MKQ. PSHR: W3EMI-,
WA3JKB, WA3LYC, WAJKMl, W3NNL, W3MPX.
Net Frtq Operates QNt QTC RMfPAM
KPA 3bl0 6i45 P Dy 30B 331 W3MPX
PTTN 3610 6:00 PDy MS IH7 W3MPX
PVN 3960 S.30P M.-I1- 547 3oa K3PSf>
L'PAEPttT 3617 6:OOP Dy 448 2SS WA3GLI
VHRfc) 50.64 7: OOP M-J' W3KGQ
VHK2> 145.35 S-.00P M-F W3bG0
New officer*: Reading ARC - W3WJC, pres.; K3CBE, vice-pres.;
W3UQC, secy,; K3MGO, trees. Warminster ARC WN.MGX,
pres.: WA3HMW, vice-pres.: WAJMDP„ secy.; Barry (no call veil
tress. R.V. Hill ARC - K3ALV, pres.; WA3JQB. vice-pres.;
WAJKEY, seey.» K3HTZ, trees. Drevel Flec-troulc Society
WB2YYQ. pres.; WB2APX. vice-pres. ARHCS - WNJNMII,
pres.; WAJIYC, vice-print.; WNJNRO. secy.; WA3BCE, treas.
J*rankford Radio Cluh - W3WPG. pres.; W3WJD, vice pres.;
K3JL1, secy.i WA2BLV. treas. WN3LEI is trying to ret>rgani*e
the 7171 Novice Net dally at 2100Z. W3CUL and W3VK are
back in sunny Plnrtda. W3EML Is still groggy from the RFT.
W3MPX has a BC-221 going. K3MVO hit tint CD tor a long
time. WA3ATQ gfit high wore 3rd district YLAP Contest.
KJOtU reports Drexel has new antennas and is back in hill
operation. WA3GEL was operated by students of Upper Burks
Tech, High School during open house. W3CL reports hearing
OSCAR 5 on 2 meter*. W3F1J fc enjoying himself on Intruder
Watch, W3PST now has his 6 and 2 gear working. WA3UG is a
new station at Lehigh U. W3YYOgot his big A ticket. The 1970
SET is over and from all indications it was a big success. Dont
forget the fcPA Spring Dinner Meeting at the Krankford Arsenal
Sat., Apr. I I , I9T0, o P.M. Advanced reservations are a "must."
Contact K3WEU or W3HK .ASAP. Traffic: (Jan.) W3CLfL 3258,
W3VR 1009. W3EML 1003, W3MPX 59A. KAMVO 407,
WA3LVR 296, WA3MKQ 243, WAJLAK 237, WA31MI 208,
WA3FXW 201, WAJHBT 175, W3NNL 153, W3HK 110,
WA3GLI I Oft, WA3LVC L03. WA3A1'Q MS*, WA3J/H 91,
WAJ1HV 71, W3VAP 70, WA3NV0 59 KiPSO K3WAJ
K30IG 48, WAJJKO 4S, WA41YC 40, WAiJWL 40, WA3JWI-
W3BUR 34, WA3JKB 32, WA3AH 3i> WAJLMO Jo.
WA3CKA J9, K3VBA K3WAJ 20,WA3KHC 12. K3KTH J9.
K3YVG 17. W3KCM IA. W3VA 15, W3BNK 13, Wit'tr 13.
WA3JXN 13, W30Y 13, W3CBH 12, W3YR U , WAiFPM
W3EDU 8, WA3JSX 7, WA3EXB 4, W3MGK 4, KJUEN 4,
WA3IAZ 3, W3PVY 3. WA3BJQ 2, W3CL WA3CCP I, W3EU
1, K3J1.I 1, W3KEK J, WA3LJG 1. W3PST I, K3VAX I. (Dec.)
W43&XW 186, W3HNK AS, WA3JKO A, W3(D 14 WAilUV 1,
W3YPF. W3ADt 12.
ctivitie
MARYLAN1>DISTRJCT OK COLUMBIA - SCMV John
Munholland, K3LKD - SEC: W3LDD.
Net Freq, OMT-Day* Set. QTC (?A7 Mmk
Aug.
MDD 3643 OCHHlDy 37 430 U.t» K3JYZ/RM
MDDS 3643 0130 Dy 29 51 4.7 W3CBG/RM
MOCTN 3920 1300 BITS 16 65 16.3 WAJGXN/PAM
MfcPN 3920 2300 MWF 12 91 26.1 K3LAG
laoo s s
MTMTN 145.2 0200 T-S 23 IV V.O W3IFW
PSHR claimants: W3TN, WA31Y3. Appointments: W3EZT as
ORS, WA3GVP as OBS, W3EAX as OR8. Endorsements:
W3CRE us ORS, W3PRC as OR8, W3GKP as OVS, W3CDQ as
OB& MDCTN and MEPN pooled operators aa MGPTN in the
1970 SET and passed 260 messages with 5y operates QNI. QRM
an the phone bsncfc and loaded traffic boards at regional and
area levels on the cw bands created an "SET hangover'* for the
better part of the following week, ftom this corner, H looks like
it's time for a new way to work the emergency communications
problem. W3FA says the "Dempster Dumpster" stations worked
KB on MDD during SET but we need more of them to pick up
and hold traffic few the likes of W3LDD. K3GZK, W3LQY and
KJLFD. Hit W3GKP continues his Moon bounce operations on
2304 MHz. WAiGXN and his MDCTN gang are proud of a
handling scare of ina% for traffic listed on the net in Ian.
K3FQK has a new Ql'H in Kensington. W3ZSR is QRL
rebuilding his station. WSEFTa Tribander went up in smoke..
W3CSZ/00 gave the cw hoys a dean hill of health during his Jan.
check-ups. VV3AUO planned Co Are up transmitters on all
bands for the DX Test. Traffic man WA3LWT es expending
operations to CD Parties and DX. WA3GVP got his Extra Class
ticket. W3FT haa a Novice cod»<and-theory class going for 12
BARC candidates. W3TN and WA31YS scored again for BPL.
Recent Silent Ke>-s ;ire W3APY, W3UWX and K3RFR.
Codemaster K3WKH is conducting mew etwees on 2 meters at
B: 30 P.M., Wed. and Thurs. The B&O Banquet is set for May 2,
1970, at the American Legion Hall in Arbutus. Traffic: WA31YS
307, W3TN 339, WAJUR 253, W3EZT 250, K3GZK 247,
W3CBG 182, K3LKD 177, W3LQY 162, WA31AQ 146,
WA3HEN 143, KJJOM 133, WA3LWT 96, K3TBD 89.W3CWC
74, W3ADO 67, WA3EOP 62, K30RW 5ft, W3ECP 5 1 .
WA3GXN 45, W3KOV 42, K3JYZ 39, WA3ERL 35, WA3HTQ
WA31HW K3LFN 28, W3FA 23^ W3ZNW 23, K31-XJF
2I,WA3FCK 14, WA31.KJ 12. K3QDC 12, WA3GVP 5, W3EAX
SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY - SCM, Charles E. Travel*,
W2YPZ - SEC" W2LVW, RMs: WA2KIP. WA2BLV. PAMs;
WA2UVB, W2Z1. The 1970 SET was an excellent
accompttshment. WB2FJE was sure in there, assisted by K.2PQD,
who Is now the newty-apprdnted EC for Gloucester County, It is
very pleasant new to report that WA2KAP is now at home
following a session in the hospital. K3CPP, who is the OPS and
Radio Director for the Delaware Valley Radio Assn., is back and
well after recent surgery. Activities on Wireless Hill are resuming
with the regular Son. morning spot on the NJEPTN at 9 A.M.
She DVKA announces officers for 1970 are K2SNK, pres.;
WB2U1M, vice-pres.; K2AAR, treas.; W2VU, secy.j W2HX,
director of comm. The SJRA reports the following officers and
directors for 1970. WB2MTII, pres.; W3CXO, vfce-pre*.;
WA2EMB, treas.: W2BAY, corr. wuy.; W2FGY. rec. secy.;
W2SDB, K.2PWV, W2FYS, K2MZP, WB2BNE, WA2KRX.
W2KK, directors. Recent appoint renewals: W2BAY as ORS and
OVS. W2DNK aiid XYL made a recent trip to Puerto Rico with
W1PSF a Bid his XYU Bill came from Connecticut and has been a
great help in radio in the N.J. fraternity. He completed an
SB-204) linear recently and is working on a Delta Loop antenna
shown in a very recent issue of Q3T. Traffic: (Jan.) WB2DRG
217v WB2VEJ 156, W2PII 107, W2YPZ 67, WB2PJE 62,
K2RXB 40, W2DNF 34, W2UR3 4, W21U 3, W2ZI 3. W2ZQ 2.
(Dec.) WA2K1P8.
WKSTfcRN NKW YORK - SCM. Richard M. Pltzeruae,
K2KTK - A«st. 5CM: Rudy Ehrhardt, W2PV1. SEC:
W2RUK PAMs: WB2RHJ, WA2CAL. RMs: W2MTA, W2KR,
W2RUF, K2KIR. Sorry to have to report the passing of W2SB
and Aina Ringler, XYL of W2SAW. Appointment renewals;
W2RUb as K2BSX as ORB, WB2N2A as OPS. Of the gobs
of messsges I received during the SET, the cake goes to WA2BHJ
fnr the most unique. His message told of a large crystalline
monster terrorising Essex County. WB2YEE has had rig and
antenna troubles. W2MTA has a new Advanced Class license.
K2DWI, with two feet nf water in his shack basement, wonders
if maritime mobile is appropriate. WA2GSX has an FB
homebrew gallon. RAWNY meets daily at 9:30 AM. on 38V5
KHz. K2KQC has a new Swan SOllC. L*trn Class * * a m s are now
given every Wl. al 9 A.Mr in Buffalo. WB2H1S transmits Official
Bulletins uu 1 4 5 . 3 5 Wed. at Ul 15 GMT- W2s OSS. FC'G, W'B.
HYMp M I A , O F , PNW, RUT, K2* DNN, IKX, Kl'tC and
WA2PZD received NVSC N rerotinUion for five consevutlve years
uf activity. W2DSS received the for most consistent
check in. W 7 R U F still needs help with the ARPSC program.
N Y S beared 6 * 0 messages with 9 4 0 chcckinx m Jul:. \YB2ZI>P
got his 2nd-c1ass radiotelephone license and reports activity oti
the vhf baud* rather limited in his area. New offirrrs for the
Waltuo Radio Awn, are W 2 T H . , pres.: WB2FWG, vice-pre*.:
W205L, W2FMU, t r e » . ; WB2VND. act. mgr.: W 2 t M U ,
trustee. I'he koine Radio Cluh reports W2MSM board chairman;
Al Martin, pres.; W71XR, vie* p r e ® W A 2 F L T, a r e * . : W A J M J t ,
treas.; K J I X N and K 2 A * X , hoard members at I m p . YVH2NZA U
the Wed. night NCS n t NY SKI tN- W 2 A * B recrK-ed an SW1 card
from Latvia while on 7 MM*, K2PVN remains ver* attivn nn
2-meter fm and an R t T Y uu the hf bands. I he K A o S Hum lest
villi he held Apr* 11, Tickets and info from W B 2 V B K . The
RAKA WNY Hamfest date is May 16. Info from Box I 3RK,
Rochester 1460,4, BP Lent ore W*ufc. W2I-R and WA2CAL;
ARPSC Honor Rollers W?FR P W2M1A, W2PKY. W2QC,
W2KUF, k J K I R . K 2 k l k . WA2CAL and W\2I>HS, Traffic:
(Jon.) WA2CAL 5<H>> W21-K S22, W20K 36S. W2MTA J 3 $ *
W 2 K U F 2 6 7 . W2QC 2GS, WAJiCU 253, K2KYH 184, W2HYM
I t 9 * W 2 b F B 1 ( 7 , K 2 K I R 104, WA2DHS 103, K 2 K T K 101,
WB2HLI 6 1 , K2DNN !»•>, W2W}Ir 4ft, WB2ZDK 4 1 , W2MSM 3 * ,
W A 2 1 L K 2 4 , KSUhV 2 3 , W2PRY J 3 , K2UIK 2 11 WB2NZA IK,
KiSHL) 17, WA2PZD J * . W2CFP IS, WR2VNP IS, W2PZL 12,
WA2CLA I t , K2IMI I I , WSAttft 10, WzPNW x, W2HBU 6 ,
WB2YKM W B 2 I H S 4- W2KU1' 4 , W2PV1 3. WA2CKY I,
WB3YF-K t. filer.,) KZKYH AS. Total traffic 3KKS: faht yt;.ir
4944.
are WvK^Z. WAvKNA, WA^ZAV and W^PtlX The imp age
County Fairgrounds was the site of the 3rd succrchfuJ Whcaton
Radio Amateur* Midwinter Hamtwt- W N t R / X is a new Novice
heard in the Chester aiea- i V ^ l O C is a new tnficial Kelav
Station. I h e recent S K I had quite a turnout tor their F B
reports, which have been fnrwarded Headquarten.
Southeastern Illinois Ham sSrjcfetv^ new i d t i c e n include
kMCNX, K w ; V I . . K^KNX and K i C V L . W^OLI' spoke at a
rocrnt mertine r»f the Y m k Radio C)ub, WAvZLN, W W I G O
mid WQKUJ are Che iiiuomlnic ^rficera of the i'hica^u Amateur
Radio d u b . Oar -»vmpathi tn the friends «nd family i»f
WAmV<,W, v.-ho fvtwd away t*n lan. hi. WAV?I N passed the
Advanced tins* exam. K ^ I F F is r ^ o v e n n p trom h « recent
dtneisr I be traffic count for the Ninth Region Net for Jan, was
H I a c c o r d i n g to Manaper W*>HRY. K'^TPK is now the prtnol
irwner •>! iilobai Research in Lombard, k v u VH and X YL have a
ne^- jr. operator, Kuthy A nn. New Net MUlwett is 011 h-meter ash
With a frequency o f ISO Wad. c\'cning. W9NLt« WA9V4W.
K9<JYO. W AVIWU. K v h R S mid W A 9 / X K a r t the officers for
the r»>mlnfE y^ar of Hum festers Radio i l u b ^Chirugu). 'Ihe
Starved Rock Radio (.Inh has resumed publication ot its club
paper. S T A I 1 C . K9 JUL and WvNWK are now Advanced U n a
licrtureet. VVN^YQJ H awaiting his Henersl ticket. K^KdA
Jemomtrated a PDP-8L Ciimpnter at the t-eh. 6 net-together o f
the Wheaton Community Radio Amateur O u b . W9>IP0 received
a trophy for his long and meritorious service in the interest o f
amateur radio and the League Trom the members uf the Big
Ihuudei* Amateur Radio U u b at Beirtdere. Wtt9AUl"ft new
QTH is Midlothian, ill. The sterling Rock Fails staged its
hamfrst Mar. 8 at the Sterling Coliseum. K^A VQ i* the only HVL
tiwuui recipient this month. Iralfic: (Jan.J M A V O
WvNXG 345, WAvWNH/9 WMFVJ 515, W+U0T 133,
tt'WUF 1 2 i, W^JXV 124, W9YH 107- WA9Kt B 4«J, WA9/PL
c

W E S T E R N PENNSYLVANIA - Acting bCM. George R. 4 9 , \\ \9NZI 4 « , W A > H ( B 3H, W « H I J « , W A 9 B R g 30,

Stoneburner, WA3AKH - SFa"s W J K P J . PA Mr: W 3 W I R , W9PKN 2 4 , WAvTCC 24, WAyoBfc' I X W ' i F L F 2 2 , W9LDM 16,
K3ZNP. RMs: WA3AKH, WJKUNi W3I.OH, W3NLM. traffic K^HSK 13. WA^OFI 12. WB<»AJH ST. W^iT-Mt 3, W A 4 0 R T J ,
nets: KSSN f 2SS0 UMT; WPA, UUUU GM T 3S85 kHz; WPP oJuU W0IUY 2. W4QUU I. tlJec,) WA9BKQ 24.
LiMT k i l l . Penn Stare ARC anaounctsK that it now has u INDIANA - SCM, Wdliarti C. Johnson, W4BUQ - AiSt. bi:M:
phone patch and a GSB-101 linear. Newly-elected oMicersof the Mrs. Roberta Krouhk* KyiVO. SbA': W 9 t i .
Indiano C-Wnty ^KC* WNJKQZ, pres.; WN3MYY. vice-pres.; AVr i/c. •UfR
K S I Q I , wcy.treak.; W31YL W X M C , K 3 V H F , tt^aM/n, dir.
K J O T Y Is on do-meter R T T Y using an H l - 3 2 and homebrew 1FN JiMlo 1 3 3 0 ^ Ov l i u o M b ^i^ KQ1VG
TIJ. We m l c o m e WN3NXH, of U n v m Halk, to the jmateur ISN ,W|I> Dunnv fty 2I3i> M-S
ranks. A testimonial dinner in honor uf W3GC, who has been a 2 3 0 0 2 S4-S(iu
member o f A R R L fur fifty yettr*. vtas held hy the T w Kiven o r u o / tiV 2JK WAQM)Q
\RC <>it Feb. 21. t 1 "iiRrat* tn K3PV l/WAI KPt» who i v ^ PON jimu I 2 4 5 Z Sun 27 WAvYXA
mairied l>ec( 31. I he Skyview Kudio SocTcty held It* tenth K I N VHH Sil.7 U700?. M-Th. 212 WBQAMB
anniversary banquet at i h ? Pla/a Loungse Feh. A. The t'oothdl* Hnosier VHt 110 W9PMT
RC announces the appointment n f WA3IPU chairman of its this time I want to acknowledge iin»re than 7n radiogram* 1
Third Annual Ha infest slated for June 14 at VYendel, Pa. I he received during the S I . 1 trom all cult areas. W 9 K 1 , Clifford C,
Western J'ennsvlvanta Mobdeen 1 I97U officers are W J U C K , MoOuver, 2vuu b^st Oak S t . Fvansviila. (nd. 4 7 7 ( 4 , is SFiC for
pre*-; W 3 G F L vftr«-pm.; WAALHD* W3Mlh, Ireas.; Indiana- All FT reports should be mnde to him, Allen County
K 3 S U U n r t . mRr.; K.3UHD, K J M T X , K3<;HK«dir. I he Mohileers Amateur Radio technical S*«.iety VHI1 Repeater Station
Net meets each Wed. at f P.M. local time uii MHx. The W A ^ Y J V is able t o Cover nine counties In (he Ml I v^tlon o f
WestmorcUind-AIJecheny County ARbC meets at tt P.M- l<kcai Indiana. Ait nine counties reported during the S F T operation;
time each Wad., also un 1<J.0 MM*, r hoc kins, are welcomed by thanks to KQLSB. W<>R(fY. Jjf Tippecanoe County, set up with
both nets. K 3 A K R reports recording of data from Australia the Ked Cnus, K91VG is o f t the air temporaulv hevause o f
(^scar V on 21 orbits during Jan. Ihe Nittany A K l i c is pushing conditions beyond her cmtTol. W ^ J Y M a n d K y F Z X are the top
completion o f the WAJKUW 2-meter repeater- Appointment? traffic-handlers for Ind. WA9LVQ the Him, Ihe Hams
W A J H X X as O R S , Endorsement: K 3 A K R as O V 1 Wide ttorld, ^t the Kiwanis Club, Mt- Vernon, Ind. Indiana
University is celrhrating its Sesqulcentennial. Any rontact with
Xet Tfc. its station, K9M>, vltIJ receive a 051.< Q(N Honor Roll: WQBI1P
WPA .11 356 22H K9VHY 2 4 , KvHYV 2 3 , W9CJXV 20, WAMKAG l b ,
WPP 24 HS 33 WAVWMT W A 4 7 K X In, WIDRN/9 I V WAvlJMT I * .
KSSN ii 140 43 WA9VZM I S , 1V9KPZ I S . Amateur raUm exist* heraim the
Traffic l i o n - j W A J W U W3LOS WA.lAKH Mtnce it renders. B P l certiircatca ttcnr to W9/YCJ, Kwi-^X.
W3KUN 16b, K3ZNP 117 t W3SN 8ft, K3SMB 6 S . WA3JBN S I , WA^OOQ, V/9JBQ, WfllCU nnd WAvYXA Tramc: ( J a n . )
K3HCT 4 5 , WA3J&XX 3 7 , W31DO 10, K3SJN W3UHN V. W»UYn 1548, K 9 F Z X U 2 I , \VA4(>nQ h 16, WQJHy AOS,
f D e c J W3SN 5 , WA3BLK 4. W9KQO So9, W4HKY 4U9 ( WA9V2M 4 2 3 , W91CU 3 4 4 , K.9HYV
CENTRAL DIVISION 2 9 3 , WA9YXA 244, W9UFM I W . W A ^ N Y I I P l i . W i W H 1 i 9 ,
W 9 V * Y 117, VVB9AMB 107, W A 9 T J S |i)3, W 9 B U 0 100.
ILLINOIS - SCM, U m u n d A. Metzaer, WnPKN - SKC; WA9WMT J(10, WA9WJ \ y i 4 K9VHY 9 3 . W A 9 U M I * 7 , K9IIZY
W 9 R Y U . PAMs: WAtfCCP and WAMPm (vhf>. RM: WAQ/Ut. Hi, W9C.BY k*JCtts 5n, KMYBM KvH K
Cook County EC: W9HPCS. X . W Q Y Y X 24, W 9 0 2 C 2 3 , K9ttWQ 2 0 , W9HWR I 8 . W A 9 O A 0
iV«f Frrq. Timet Day* iyc. Ift. W9FJ1 16, WA">ghg i s , WAyWSX 14, WA9VBti 13,
18 WA3HP3/V 12, WAyHHG 12, K.9FUJ T2, K9C>KR l i , K s j g Y
3v4o kc. J 400 2 Sun
l i , K«LZN 12, W9Bl>r 10, W?CMT 9 , WAvKOM W9SNQ 9 ,
ILN 3760 kc.. 00007 Daily 215
WA«>AKI- 7V W9PMT 7 , \V9rnC h, V, \gt'HY 4 . WAMKVL 1.
NCPN 391 S k*. 1300/ Mon-SaU <l)cc.) WA4KOH 12, WI0KN/9 S. (Nov. J W9gLW 5 9 ,
IIS
NCPN 3915 kC, 1KU02 Mo n.-Sat. j W1DRN/9 L PhHR: VV9HRY 4 8 , W9HUCJ |7.
Ul PON JM1S kc. 224SZ Mon.-Fn.)
ill PON ^9is kc. I430Z Moa.-hnj WISCONSIN - S C M V S . M . P«korny, W9NRP - s < j . : W 9 N 0 T .
111 PON 145.5 Mc 0200/ M»W»ls 31 PAMs: 1VA91./J* WAVI/K. WA90AY4 WA91.IKP, WA»yNi.
111 PON $0.2* Mc U200Z Mon- 0 RMi: K^KSA, WASTXN. Dec. net report for BhN: VNl
Great Lakes 3932 kc 11230? Daily 103 QIC 196.
Emgcy
W9UUQ is recuperating from a hospital siege In Springfield. Net Frrq. GMT-Days Q\'I QrC
WvkY reports that 40-meter DX is the best in his 4 0 y n n o f BWN 39ftS 124S M.-Sai. JS! WA90AY
operating. New officers o f the Northwest Amateur Radio H u b Bk.N 3MHS t w o Dy 9t0 241 V/AVQKr
PON 3«J 52 1801 M.-F. W9VCM and K0JVE has been sent to Ariz. WA0RWL survived the Eafcle
WSBN 3985 2300 Dy 1477 232 WA9QNI Board of Review. W0GFE and W0DM had a bout with the flu.
WIN 3662 01 15 13y 397 154 WA9TXN WA0SDQ's XYL received her Master's Degree at the mid-term
WSSN 3780 0030Z TTSat 102 15 K9KSA graduation at UND. WA0NZO has a new SB-301 and K0GGL a
WRN 3620 0130 Sum RTTY K9GSC new HW-100. WA0SJB has been busy stirring up interest on the
SW6RN 50.4 0300 Sat. 148 2 WA9EZT Bottineau State School campus for traffic. The ND CW Net is
SW2RN 145.35 0230Z Dy 204 22 WA9IZK getting some new recruits. Tune down on 3640 and give them a
W RACES 3993 1400 Sun. 56 ANCS—W9NRP h a n d . WA0HUD continues to lead the traffic count on TEN and
Net certificates went to W9LPU, WA9WST (WIN); WB9ABF other nets; W0NMV is right behind him. W0SDQ covered The
(BEN); WA90AY, WB9ABF (WSBN). New ORSs: K30AE/9, International 500 Snow Mobile Race from Winnipeg to St. PauL
K9DKU. W90MT made Advanced Class. New officers of the WA0GRX and W0GB, with about 20 other hams, stood by and
Four Lakes ARC are W9BG, pres.; WA9YRH, vice-pres.; relayed to the news media and radio-TV stations. The Bismarck
WA9KGO, secy.; WA9SZH, treas.; W9EZ, K9KSA, WN9ZJE, dir. Radio Club Station, W0ZRT, had to be dismantled at the YMCA
The Czaja family team, WA90IF, WA9TZD, WA9WN1 and as the building was sold and the Y moved to temporary quarters.
WB9BBH, are brothers and sisters, age 14 to 19. W90DD will Radio classes conducted by WA0RSR, WA0OVT and WA0MSJ
operate at Marquette U. open house in March. WA9NBU Is back are still held there. W0BF, WA0MSJ and K0HDA manned the
on with SB-301 and 401. After 18 years as Wis. Deputy RO for CD RACES station during the SET. WA0RSR has a
RACES, W9NRP resigned effective Feb. 7. Milwaukee stations twelve-element 2-meter beam up. He has W0BF, WA0MSJ,
are needed on both cw and phone nets. BPL for Jan.: W9CXY. WA0OVT and W0DXC for company on that band. K0SPH is the
Send your activity reports and certificates for endorsement to first to send in a report qualifying for the PSHR. PSHR: K0SPH
your SCM. Traffic: (Jan.) W9CXY 634, K9CPM 451.WA9RAK 29.
371, WA9QKP 172, WA0VKI/9 155, W9ESJ 128, W9DND 100,
W9YT 99, WA9QNI 87, WA9TXN 72, K9FHI 66, W9NRP 63, Net Freq. CST/Days Sess. Ck-in Tfc
WA9WGT 49, W90MT 47, W9KRO 40, K9TBY 38, W91HW 34, Goose R. 1990 0900 S 4 49 W0CDO
K9JPS 31, K9KSA 30, W9RTP 30, K9UTQ 30, WB9ABF 24, NDNCW 3640 2100 M-F 26 113 48 W0RSR
WA9ZTY 23, W9BCH 21, WA9SAB 18, WA9PKM 17, W90DD YL WX 3995 0730 M-Sun. 31 740 40 WA0MND
14, K30AE/9 13, W9AVX 12, W9DXV 12, WA9NBU 11,
WB9BRF 6, WA9GYF 2, K9LGU I. (Dec.) WB9ABF 22, YL WX 3995 0730 M-Su 31 740 40 WA0MND
WA9QVT 21, WA9EDZ 9. W0NMV
RACES 3996 1730 M-F 44 1187 186 K0SPH
DAKOTA DIVISION 1830
PON 3996 1730 S 13 357 108 WA0HUD
MINNESOTA - SCM, Larry J. Shima, W0PAN - SEC: 0900 Sun.
WA0MZW. RMs: WA0IAW, WA0RRA. PAMs: WA0MMV, 1730
WA0OEJ , WA0HRM, K0GYO. VHF PAM: WA0DWM.
Traffic: (Jan.) WA0HUD 300, W0NMV 115, W0BF 93,
Section Net Freq. (MHz) Time Days WA0SJB 74, K0SPH 60, WA0GRX 33, WA0RWM 31, W0DM
MSPN (noon) 3.945 1805Z Mork-Sat, 30, WA0IKS 30, W0 WA0TBR 21, WA0MND 13, W0WWL 13,
MSPN (noon) 3.945 I500Z Sun. & Hot. WA0JPT 12.WA0UKD 1O,W0CDO5. (Dec.) W0WWL 7.
MSPN (eve) 3.940 2345Z Daily
MSN 3.685 0030 Z Daily SOUTH DAKOTA SCM, Ed Gray. WA0CPX - SEC:
MJN 3.685 0100Z Tue-Sun WA0FUZ. PAM: WA0CWW. RM: W0IPF. Net Managers:
MSTN 50.400 0430Z Daily W0ZWL/0 WA0LLG, WA0PNB, WA0MWN. WA0THG is now
MINN RTTY 3.620 0200 Z Sun. Advanced Class. K0TXW recently became Advanced Class along
MINN AREC 3.912 2300Z Sun. with W0NAE. K0ZTV has received his Extra Class license.
PICON ET 3.925 I900Z Sun. W0NAE has moved to Calif. WA0LYO is nearing completion of
MPON 3.910 1830Z Sun. his college work at Spearfish. W0ZWL has received a certificate
MINN 40 CW 7.060 2300Z M-W-F for 30 years continuous membership in YLRL. WA0CPY has a
All section nets listed above will remain at the same local time pair of %-wave phased verticals on 40 meters. WA0SHA has been
when we shift to CDT. The GMT time will then be one hour named a competitive nominee for the U.S. Military Academy at
earlier than the above. The following appointments were acted West Point. Net reports: Morning WX Net. S41 QNI and QTC
on in Jan.: WA0VAS-OPS4 WA0OEJ-PAM MSPN noon session, 219; NJQ Net, ONI 570 and QTC 55; Early Evening, 815 QNI
W0WAS-OO Class 3 and 4, K0IUC-EC Brown County, K0ZRD and QTC 49; Late Evening, ONI 14S9 and QTC 80; AKEC Net,
•OPS, WA0GYQ-OO Class 3 and 4. The following Minnesota QNI 61 and QTC 5. Traffic: W0ZWL/0 371, WA0SKA 186,
amateurs have been selected by the Minneapolis Radio Club to WA0PNB 146, W0HOJ 105, WA0FUZ 80. W0IG 51, W0CAS 32,
serve as the selection committee for the recipient of the WA0PDE 28, K0A1E 26, WA0LLG 25, WA0SHA 13.WA0LYO
Minnesota Amateur of The Year Award: W0AIH, W0BE, 9,
W0BUO (chairman), W0GYH, W0MBD, WA0QWD and WA0-
UAH. Nominations can be sent in writing to any one of the DELTA DIVISION
committee. They must be received no later than May 10, 1970.
The nomination is open to any licensed Minnesota amateur who ARKANSAS - SCM, Robert D. Schaefer, WA5IIS - SEC:
has significantly contributed to amateur radio. The SCM recently W5PBZ. RM: W5NND. PAM: WA5KJT. Congratulations to
awarded Certificates of Merit for "Outstanding Contributions to WASLIO, who passed the Extra exam, and to WASWTZ,
Amateur Radio" to W0BUC, WA01AW, K0MVF, WA0MZW, WA5ZCR and WSOHR, who passed the Advanced. WN5VSV
WA0RRA, WA0OEJ and WA0VAS. The recent SET was a passed the General. WA5SFA has a 1st-class commercial ticket
resounding success with over 200 Minnesotans taking part. and just got married to WASAVO's daughter. The Simulated
Traffic: (Jan.) WA0MMV 332, WA0IAW 279, K0ZRD 241, Emergency Test was a success. Thanks to all who participated.
W0ZHN 213, WA0YYV 20S, WA0WEZ 170, W0PAN 167, WA5TAI* is now manager of a Radio Shack store in Oklahoma.
WA0TQT 167, WA0OEJ 151. K0MVF ISO, W0AAU 110, KSIPL has a new R4B and T4X; K5YCM has a new SB-220. A
WA0RRA 108, WA0EPX 103. WA0TGM 93, WA0RKF 71, new radio club is being formed in Forrest City. Net reports for
WA0VIS 69, WA0VTZ 66, WA0RKV 62. WA0URW 62, Jan.:
WA0UAH 61, W0BUC 56, K0SRK 54, WA0VDG S3. W0YC 50,
W0FHH 45, WA0GRX 42, WA0QIT 41, WA0CJU 36, WA0HRM Net Time Freq. Tfc. QNI Mins. Mgr.
36, WA0EBZ/0 33, K0FLT 31, W0ATO 30, W0ROJ OZK 0100Z 3790 100 309 WA5TLS
WA0WDX 24, WAODOT 23, W0EQO 22, WA0JPR 22, WA0RKE RN 0030Z 3995 83 812 906 WAS KIT
19, WN0YAH 18, WA0YMU 17, W0BE 16, W0QXA 16, W0AZR APN 1200Z 3937 11 483 1385 W5VFW
14, WA0ZND 14, WA0LAC 13, W0IYP 11, WA0TFC 11, K0ZBI Teenage 2330Z 3995 10 192 367 WA5QMO
11, W0OPX 10, K0JTA 9, W0KLG 9, K0ORK 9, WA0UTQ 9, PON 2130Z 3925 114 534 783 WA5TJB
WpFDK 8, W0KNR 8, WA0NQH 7, WN0YWA/0 7, K0IJL 6, DX Info 0045Z 3860 (Mon) WA5EFL
WA0TLN 6, K0ZWG 6, W0RIQ S, W0SZJ 5, K0IKU 3, EC Net ooooz 3995 (Sun) WSPBZ
WA0MNE 3, W0ISJ 2, W0QXF 1, WA0RAG 1. (Dec.) WA0TGM Traffic: (Jan.) WA5TLS 126, WA5KJT 106, W5VFW 67, W5YM
116, WA0TQT 88, K0UL 5. 50, WA5TJB 46, K5FMO 22. (Dec.) W5YM 28.
NORTH DAKOTA - SCM, Harold t . Sheets, W0DM - SEC:
WA0AYL OBS: K0SPH. PAM: WA0CAQ. RM: WA0RSR. GO: LOUISIANA - SCM, J. Allen Swanson, Jr., W5PM - SEC:
W0BF. The Red River Radio Amateur Club, Inc., elected WSOB. RM: K5ANS. VHF PAMs: WASDXA, W5UQR. The
W0RRW, pres.; W0KZZ, vice-pres./station trustee, W0CAQ, Jefferson Radio Club has a new set of officers: WAS RIO. pres.;
secy.; WfSPA., treas. The YL Weather Net was activated during WA5AJE, vice-pres.; W5WZE, secy.; K5HEK, treas. WA5NLJ is
the Feb. surprise blizzard. W0DNJ is enjoying that new Drake the latest to join the Extra ranks. W5EA still is working to get on
TR-4. WA8ARB/0 has been transfered to Grisham AFB in lnd. RTTY. CENLA ARC also has a new set of officers: WA5EVU.
pro,; W5HMW, vice-pres.; WA5TPQ, seoy.treas. [he Study Ihe annuel appointees meeting was well attended considering
lessons put on by Ccnla ARC was successful with MVeo new the ice and snow. Owensboro Club's barbeque was Feb. 17.
Novices licensed. WASWBZ » put ting up a quad. W A 5 W X Q FE W40TP says 6-meter transmitter hunts are great in Louisville
the new editor of the LARK. W5C&Z said it would have been a area. WA4UMH tinds \ht DX when no one else even tries.
slim month traffic-wise without SfcT, Incidentally. (here W4 i BU. K4DWO and W4YOK upgraded to £<trs. Kyunu KC has
more ectivity by various groups during S£T than has been beld ? fine group of officers; WB4HFN, K4DMCT, K4CVV oad
in this state for many years. The GNOARC recently welcomed K4BAM with di rev tors K4GOU, W4WQC and K4K-XN. Sb I went
eleven new members, including two Y U the Baton Kouge ARC off well indeed with increased scores in most areas. Traffic:
elected K5WMT, pres.; WASVMW, vice-prea.; Janice Prescott, (Ian.) K4HY 41 S, WA4V77 WH4KPK K4CSH 305,
set jl; W5DPM, trea*. WA5NUK spent many hour* on LAN and WA4tiHg 230, WA4MhX WA4Villi 215> W4CJD 14«>
in the La. QSO Party. WAsyVN and the gang up Monroe way WB4HOW J45» W4UY1 I4L, WA4GMA J33, W4BAZ i l l .
are busy putting up their 6-meter tm repeater. W5MBC has again W4BTA 107, WA4AGH 104, W4UK W40TP 80, K4Y/U
assumed duties as net mgr. for LAN. The Westside ARC and the K4MAN 79, WB4LKP 7ft, WB4HTN 69, K4DZM 64, W4VYS 61.
Southwest Louisiana ARC have submitted very complete and K4IKT ST, WB4t.OR SO, WB4H1-Y 5U, WB4ILF 4«, W4NB/
comprehensive reports on their participation in SET. Again I 4i>, K4UMN 4b, WB4E0Y 42t WB4LFZ 39. WB410U 37,
remind alt that Apr, 10 1* the deadline fnr submitting your W4SZB 36. WB4Kb".R J3, WB4HIIS 31, WA4WWA 30# W4ADO
choice of candidates fur SCM. Traffic: W5CEZ 18** W5MBC; 2Vt K4VDO WB4t)PN 27, WA4B/.S MtiU*
116, W5PM 98, WASWBZ 76, WASOVN 30, WA3NU 22, W5F A WB4HFU 24, K4AVX 23. WA4MXU 23f K40AE I X K4tPW
14. JO, WB4GCV 20, K4YCB J 9. K4UNW 1 3, W40SH W4KXP
WA4GMH ^ (Dac.ls K4YZU U4. W4NBZ 3S, K4FW tA,
MISSISSIPPI - SCM, Gift on C. Comfort, WASKEY - WA4WSW 12, W4BTA4. Total report* traffic 4739.
K4R1N/5 is changing his OO appointment to WSRUB- KSMDX
has a new Henry ?K on the air. WA5MLW has moved tn Laurel, MICHIGAN -SC M, Joseph L. Pontek, KbHKM - Asst. ScMs:
We welcome W8PXX75 and his XYL, W8LFG/5. to Mb*. Thev Howard A. Walker, W8ITQ; Rodger C. Phillips, WAHLWK. SEC:
worked hard during "Camilla." WASWJPand others, have been WRMPD. RMs: WAS PI M, W8RTN, WHWVI., K«KMQ, WB8DTT-
tracking AUSTRALllJS 5. WA5UBQ* MSBN mgr., doesn't have PAMsj KsGuU. WSZBT. .VHF PAMs: WSCVg, KRAtM. Asst.
tou uianv volunteer for J-month tours as NCS one night a week. Directors in Mich.: W8AP, W8CQIJ, W8DPK, WBEGI, W8GJH,
The value of this trained NCS program payed off dunng WRJTQ, K8PVCr W8QPO, W8SPF.
"Camitle." Don't be bashful, take a couple of tour* of duty!
W3CID/5 has qualified for Public Service Honor Roll for three Nrt Frrq, Hen* QNt QTC 8ct Afgr.
months with Nov. '&9 27 points, i>ec. *fr9 2* points and Jan. *70 QMN 2 mo ny 111 6 WA8PIM
27 points. Anyone rh*f me know. This year started off like wssb 0000 liy 905 145 31 KHWRJ
last with tornadoes In Jan. We sincerely hope the weather 1FPKN 3<»20 2230 DY 302 37 li WA8LHC
doesn't try to outdo itself. Check into our nets - any or all of PON-HAY 39 SO 1600 Dv 879 802 31 kHLNE
them. GLE1N 3932 0230 Dy 703 J 03 30 K8HL1
PON-CW 3645 5400 M-Sa 192 27 VH.IOPO
MSBN 3990 kc. fe: 15 P.M. CST Dally M6MTN <S0.4 2400 M~5a 249 33 25 WA8LKC
GCSBN kc. A;.U> P.M. CST flatly BK/MEN 3930 2230 M-F 952 104 24 K8US
C'GCHN 39$5 kc. 7:00 P.M. CST Daily Silent Key; WAHOX. WAROGR and K8RCT are OXCC mem^
Traffic: W3CID/5 191, WASKkY 31. hers. KHAVR is venr active an K ITY. W8PSV t\wked bB8XK
and ZU9BM for a birthday present. WftBBK U hack In Mich,
TENNESSEE - SCM Harry A.. Phillips, K4RCT - SRC: after a ^petl as K3UCIW. WRFPT is looking for fellow*builders of
W4WJH, PAMs: W4PFP, K4MQI, WA4LWW, WB4HIH. KM: the "Omniverter" to compare notes. PuN-bay ts having better
K4AM0. luck on 3950 kHz™ 160-Meter W W. CW Contest saw some tough
Net frrq rime competition in Mich. WRJTQ was bnspitalired wltti a severe
Sex QNI QTC Mgr. heart attack. WSfclq with a stroke and W8CQU with a serious
TSSH 39HO D030 Tu-Su 27 1181 152 K4MOI operation. WA8IUT made PON Amateur of the Month Award.
rpN 34 gn 1245 M-Sa 31 1443 7R W4PFP W8CVQ heard Oscar Son 2 and 10 meters, K8MFO Is hack from
1400 Sun. XVS-Land. Michigan Council of clubs beld a meeting in Lansing
FTPN 34 KO 1140 M-f 22 e>18 28 WA4EWW Feb. 1 Sr Did your club have a delegate there? Southeastern
TPON 3980 0030 Mon. K4RTA Mich. ABA U having a Swap and Shop April 12 at the Cannon
f TN 7270 2200 L)y 25 146 2B WB4HIH Memorial Recreation Center in Detroit, Cadillac Swap and Shop
TN DI oo ny 30 14V ( I i K4AMC April 18 at the National Guard Atmury, Hazel Park ARC a Swap
bTVHF 145,2 0000 T-T 9 97 WR4I0B and Shop at the Hatal Park H-S- May 17. Osk Park ARC $wap
foMSN SOJ l-h&Su 6 SK 4 K4LCJG and Shop was very sucessfUl. WftCUP had 37 countries on 80 this
FT VHF 50.4 0000 MWF li 180 2 WB41UB winter with lou watts and a "slant dipolc," W8MPD had to use
ETTMN 2R.R 0230 W&F 8 100 6 WA4YON emergency power during SET because of a powrr failure that
WA4JTI, or (ireenvltle, is ncs nn 7 ^meter Interstate Net. K410P was fnr real. K8LNR and WA8W2F made HPL in 'AO.
reports that a letter m i sent to Senator Baker strongly BPLets: KMLNh, WA8WZF, KR/JU, KHKMQ. Iratflc: K8LNK
disapproving his effort* to push through passage of a bill 720* WA6WZF 513, K8ZJU 494, WA8YVK 31b, KHKMQ 3lft v
increasing the cokt of amateur radio license plates to ten1 dollars. WAN OH 242, WAAENW 244, WA8PIM 22A, WAHSOC 221,
Big signals wrc now heard on A h-om the top of K4LQ0 * hill in WRHbU I34.WBMPO 133, WABON2 II 3( WAALXY 10A,WAFZ
Knoxville. I would like to have information about any 10-meter I0J, W8RTN 101, WABi^Gl 90, WA8ZAV 77, WB8DTT 73,
repeaters in or new Tcnn. The SFT went very well in Tenn. On K8HKM 73, W8IHK 70, W81UC 08, W8CUP M. W8MO M,
the same week end there were several mobile and fixed station WA8WCZ 57, WftWVL S3, KSMFG WATDA 40. EC8GOII
amateurs that participated tn dragging operations taking place at WSAGQ 27, WA82P11 26. WBOC 25, K8UY 23. W8FX IB,
Percy Priest Lake near Nnsvhilk. Traffic: K4AT J * 2, WA4JT1 KHAtM 17, WB8ANR 14, K81KD 14. WA8MDK 12, W8TBP 12,
318, WA4UAZ 295, W4GCJG 240, K4AMC 138, W40QG 81, KftCKD 9. WBRBYB 7, WA0CT S. W8LKC 4, KAOLL 4,
WA4YFO 6H, WK4HYJ h*. W4WBK 00, WA4NEC 59. K4SXD (v?NHV/8 I.
57, WB4ANX 55, MLQO 34, WB4UXU 33. K4MOA 31.
WB40BY 31, WA4CGK 22, K4LTA 2t>, WN40E1 19. W4PFP OHIO - SCM, Richard A. JUbert, W8ETU - SEC: W80UU.
13, WA4YON 18, WA4YEM 16, W\4GLS 14. WB4HMA t4, RM: W81ML PAM: KAtlRK. VHF RAM: WAAADtL JatL net
WB41MS 14. WB4NDX 14, WB4CQL 13. WA4WVW I I . reports:
WB4HLH 1 1 , WB4JTS 1 I , WA4EWW 10, WB4Lib 9. W4 rY V R, Net QNt QTC S«Mt Freq. GMT
WB4FKC 4, K4RUC 4. W4VJ 4, WA4ZXZ.
OSSBN 2S48 1459 b7 3972 IS 30.234 5 KAUBK
BN 968 582 83 0000,0300 WR1MT
OoMtrN 627 06 ?A 0000 WA8ADU
CREAT LAKES DIVISION 50.16 0200
OSN 223 73 29 3580 2 32S WA8VNU
KENTUCKY - SCM, George Wilson, W40YI - SfcC: W4VYS, January BPL was earned by %A8tTX, W8UPH, WA8UWL,
Appointed! WB4KDK as EC: K4UNW as OR5L Endorsed: K k O N A and W8QCU. RM W8IM1 reports the following S K T
K4MAN as OPS- RPL: WA4MEX, WA4VZ7. WA4GMA, plus activity for BN: sessions, 279 QNit i3t QTC with SO
multlop stations K4HY and K4CSH- We regret to report the participants. O S S B N Mgr. KRURK submits the following S E T
sudden and untimely loss uf WA4CMA <BPL, NCS. OPS. EC): htatistics: 336 QNl, 628 GTC, !488 minutes of session time.
also K4LOA, who made a reel impact. SEC WSOUU has not yet waded through the pile of rgdiopsrns
KRN 416* QNl 3b QIC KYN 421 QNI 788 QTC be received during the SET. Are you a member of your local
MKPN 624* til tCATN 205* 258* AREC* iif uf one of our section traffic nets? You should be.
KTN 1024 546 K8QYR was appointed OPS in Jan. OBS WgGDQ reports
uorking U W 3 U P K tVir i»untry No, 54 un 1*0 meter*, W8A1
departed for Horida In e*rly FVh Dayton AHA, s.|;irced another NLTV Y"0RK CITY A N D M I N G I S L A N D - SCM, Krwd J.
Novice training class in K»b. with over 40 student, W H Z k V , Bninies* K?T)G] - SPC: K 2 0 V N . R M : K2CIAT. PAMii: W2fc.W,
W R H Y B and K H U H K joined bilent Keys. URS/uPS WA»fc IX WB7RUK
writes iit' a need for vw un vhf. He suggests the regular Mil* J A 30 kHz Nightly KiUAT R M
transmission of Offlcisl Bulletin* mi tncw. W e agree that vhf Nl-i VHI** 145.8 m m ltf.H> M T W T K W B ^ R O F PAM
could iwe Mime r»r this Any volunteer*1/ Ihe combination uf NLJ Phone4 3v32 kHat Lomt Dally W A 2 U W A PAM
counties under our nevefct'jurisdiction* has led to the creation ('[ear House !W7* V W 11 no Pally W A 2 0 P 1 Mgr.
of some area names that arc more manageable than a U\t of five Mic hired 3925 kHz 1300 K . bun. K 2 U B G Mgr.
or six counties. For ejamplr, KXLt-l presides over ^Northwest bist U s 3fi>K3 IHr. 0001 Nightly K 2 U B G Mgr.
Ohio A R F C " rather than the long list nt *U counties. Likewise All Svc -W25 kHr I 3U0 Sun. K 2 A A 5 Mgr.
WKt.KP is KC nt "Central Ohio A K h t V and W'HUL heads up NYSPTFN . W W VtU 1X00 Paily K2SPO Mgr.
"Tmconwh," insisting of Trumbull* Columbiana and Mahoning
Counties WAfcYJB believes in starting them young. He gave a * Section net*. All time»ahov# ,ire local,
talk on ham radio to « group ul semnd-graders- N e w uiflcera of Congratubiiotui gu to W?HCBf What tor? Welt. 50 years as a
the ln-U>untv A R C are WAsiU'X, pres.; W A S D L G , vice pres.; radio jinateoir, to that'x what! The best for $0 mora!
WRUJ-.A, secy.; W a & J 11'- treas.fcCW A 8 F Q W was the suhiect of Hevt Hczc t another: W A 2 K U A m m e d up to General C t m in
a feature article in the Hrestone (tire* tton-SUd, Article was Ian. Bevt of (nek! N e w club pre*, of staten bland Radio Club -
remark ly affiliate and strewed ham't AKfcC activity. Central K:TfSX, WA2BII dusted b months m dual off the rig and
Ohio A K M " fee W B L k D announced that the groupi emergency worked a borne dust! K 2 A A 3 returns from his annual trek
operating tenter will he assigned thv call KtiPDC and will he to SARul: in Las V e w . 1 suspect It is more than the conventio
known as the Koger Harnett Memorial St at inn. I visited the that gets him there uvvry year! W A 2 H M O reports retiring hh rit
Tri-i'ounty R * during Jan. A large part of this fine Uuh Is active pln^; s^tyi muting system finally working. urMurphy reullv
in both A H he and N JST I via* created to a tour «t the Alliance Nocked B to W A 2 G 1 M uhen «he decided to changerigs;started
c.d. emergentv operating center, the Stark Co. a d. operating out with a completerig,and ended up with a kit. tep, you heard
center and the Martin ft on H.SJ. club station. Imific: Oari.) right! Cited to have W 2 H P N up and around again, alfo retired r
WAHK-.IX 1007, WSIJPH K50, W A U t f W 40K„ W A S U P I Jfi*, hain radio, Ihe gia^ine has It that K 2 H R G « sporting a new
W H O U U 32-*, W A W W L :>72. W B U A l U 2 M , K K O N A piece of gear. Sppms he SOSed Maasachusetts (that* aUnn*c s
W 8 R Y P 222, WHIMI W 8 Q C U 20r»,WAJlI)UL 1 M » W H U V X loi-fi1) trom the mobile to home urtf. Listen I W 2 E W and
171, W A K C X Y I M , WKCiKT IfiS, K K L M ISv, WAHUL1- ISJ. W H 2 K v i are looking for stntvons tn help out in the Nil V H F
W A H I Y F \$\h WAttbLU 137. W H S US PJtt, W U V N U 134, Net* particularly in Nrfiaau and Suffolk County townships. Vuii
K.HUBK 11*, W A b W A K H I , KK»HJ 104, W B K H Z X IDS, duii^t haw to he a regular, just let them know vou are around
W A R / T V 105, W H J U 104, W A a Y L W JUJ, W B H C K l H M f jnd u u tietp out if needed. While we're at it, W A 2 G P F would
WAKMCG W * KHUiA W 8 D L TP, WA8RIJO 75. WRARl-H like some relief help during the daytime with the Hearing Home
71T WAtfK'W 70, W B J B P W W N I ft*, W8C&RG (iA. WA8* Net, particularly in gre-iter NVl.' area. Surprise her and check in
ADt.l Aft, W B H A K W W A * Y I BfiJ„WHB'/X 6Y, W s V N D M . Sounds like there wax a "fire aalc" in Brooklyn, what with th<
WAKH.J) W B H A K W 57, WAKI-SX 51, W A K M C K Sf. gang at the Flathu^h Kadio Club putting all those TV<?'s on th<
WAttlKM WASMHO W,\ftl.AM 47, U'hK^Kli 44, air. M y rhanks to ;<fl who participated in Jan. Nfr.f. Youreffor
W 8 K R 0 43, W A K N O Q 4.V . ^ . W R D A K 34, WtlklO uvre much appreciated bv all* and have contTihuted toward
making this vMioo "Inuk good." My thanks ulso to all the well
WHl Z t VK K « g Y R 30, WABVWfi Ml, W A S I K L 2H, W A a Z N T wither* regarding the HC'M pobt. i rom time to time span
WABORU KttLXA 2S, WASTRF- 25. W \ H l K M permit*, this v.-lumn will supply information regarding radir
W « U P 0 77, W K M O K 3 1 , W 4 M Q * K JR, KrttlNV Id. cluh meeting place* jnd dates for this sertlon, i.e. Rockawui
WNSSCJT W R K ) 1%, KKPBK* I S . W A H K ! 15, WBK^JC" 14, ARC- meets 2nd Tue. of each month at Xi»o PM in the Socia
W A R S X E 14. K K U K V l ^ W K U X I J. W B L A G 11, WAHt'XV II, Hail of the Church ot I piphany, loi-io lo4th St*.Ozone Park
WSK'K W A 8 i S W 10, WBttBPtt WBNE1HY W R O I W 7. N.Y. Loii|i N a n d Mobile AR'.' meets 1st Tue. 3t RiMl P M
K H 0 O 2 7, W A 8 V V N 7, VV5tWE<~. WAflYHN 7t WHAttW \dmlnlstration Bldg., F'.isenhower Park« south entrance! fott
WAWHJ WBKAKU KRBPX 5, W A 4 K H K S, K R H V K 4. Meiiiirtw. NtY* it your ctuh desires members, let m e know thi
WHt.tU 4, KSbHIJ 4, k S M C G 4, W B 8 A K H \ W A W H P I. particulars, (h* feature is designed to help th« riuhs and thosi
WAKWJR W B R C Q C 2, W B R K H l W8K11 WHiil^fl looking fur club** so keep those card> and letters. cnmlnMn- Hi
w n g X Q i. riJec.> k.kpbi', In the future 1 will try to M4ueexe in U b S schedules,mi that yoi
might find one that meets your need. 1 raffle; (Jan.) W A 7 H M C
//LWOiV wm/o.v you, WA2C3PT K:UBO W A 3 B B F 107, K 2 A A S 4K
WA2UPH K2HC.I 16, W B 2 R Z * 13, W 2 B L B 12, W2lil4 12
tA&lERN N h W Y O R K S(?M, Graham U Berry, - W 2 L U K II, W:iM in, W 2 U B U W 2 A 1 L Hw W A 2 U S o
h C M / R M : Ruth t. Rice, W A 2 V V S . S U : PAM: W B 1 U Q P 4 1 W A 2 H H / l,WA2BITi.
WB7VJB. VHI P A M : \\ B2YQU* Scrtton nets: N Y S ntshtlv
at 2300Z: ESS nlfthtly J W O at 2.I0AZ: N Y S P T AI>N
uiRhtly at 2300Z. Appuintrnents and reneujb: W ^ j H U B N O R T H E R N N F W JbRtibY ^ si:M, Louis i. Amoroso
and K 2 U T V / W 1 B G D as O R Sit K2YCJ as OVS. Area officers fur W2ZZ ShC: K2KLig. RMa: WA2TAI- vnd W H 2 R K K , PAMa
1V70 Hudson Council Include KitiJC), pres.; W B ^ R A H , h^ard. W2PkV, K 2 K U 0 , WA2K.ZF and WA3TBS.
NYS'KTftLN Manager W B 2 V 1 B A w a r d s I r e p o r t : (7..WW /VRPSC Section Net Schedules
ONI dunnR hours of operation and a total of 4u49 formal
traffic. 2S net member* received Certificates of Merit- H u h new^ Set Frrq. Time •Vrj. QNl Tfa Wp
tor Jan.: Sihenectady heurd K2/tl. mi l*S»*hd State C onstruc- NJ f T Y N -W.IS 7:.U»P M W t 13 <4 h WA2TAI
tion lechnigues" and New Hoc he Ik heard K 2LVL re ''Recei- NJN iwS Py M AOS 412 W A 2 B L 1
vers, and Beyond." Schenectady \ B A Is mo\in? its NJN I0100P. IJy M 25i) 102 W A 2 B L 1
nieettnp placr to the Mlson C'tuh, Hex ford. Regret to report NISM .1740 K:0UP. Dv 15 54 IHWB21KI
W 2 N V B [W1I>V) a» a Silent Kev> W l R U ^ reports h N Y holdm NJt-PlN h ooP-M-Sa. K5J I0J4 W2PE 1
of *-year county Net certificates include W 2 A N V» W 2 H U M and NiPClN te.Ui h:r)0P. Slid. 4 v* SV W A 2 T B
W 3 T H K - gitld val for Charter Net membership for at! three. NT A N £0425 *;<H1P. M^i 22 2 20 SIWA2KZ
Individual activities^ W A > h V h nnw is A^ineter ciuirdio^ror PVI IN I4S7HI 7:3DP. l>y 17 477 «3Q K2KUI
and net mgr. tor Navy M A R ^ and running llntenn with Ah tC I N 14SHW A- tOP. M - S A . 150 122WA2TB!
M A R S tur iTMBKritvuT ot traffic. W A i V L S and K4GXV/2. were f4<»700 Hun
awarded Net certificates hy KSS. N e w Generals in Oelmar area Please note the ihante in both the frequency and the time ft
are W A 2 J X T nnd W 1 3 I X K . W B 3 V J R is now Advanced Class. the hi'TN. New appointments: W A 7 H K L a* O R S and WB2JY1
Welcome to nevr Novice 1VN2MJM. Schenectady Cy. Kl1 W2CJKP A oVS. WB71TX U now Vfomced Class and W N 2 L A U U a ne
now has s&b und is ready for R1TY. Jan. SLf thowrd much ham In North Brunswick. N e w officers of W 2 W I , group ai
activity rn Alhnny. isehenm-tady and Westchester Counties with W B 2 R U M , pres.; W A 2 C J U , vice-pre*.; W2BVE»a«:y.sWA2K^
t rat flu from nil oier area to Shi1 and SCM. Thanks to HI1 treat. I he bcUeville call i» VVittiY with W 2 J Y W as trust
participants and cou^atk to W 2 U R P , W A J J W L and W A 2 B A H on K2PQT pre*,; W B 2 N S V , vice-pres.; W 2 J Y W secy. Newt;
their fine leadership jnhs. Januarv PS Honor Roll: WA2hBl, elected officers at k 2 M H » ^re W A 2 i Ur, pres.; W A 1 2 A C
W A 2 V Y S ,md W A 2 V Y T . KsUYKishack un 75 A h with HW-12. ^ice pres,; W A 2 M T K secy.: \V"B2JYM rrens, W B 2 I Q P has a ne
V K I / A R / 2 waft active in )an. VHf.' Contest. All section 8t)4ft d1 pole up, W B 2 Y X J joined the N a w . W A 2 H D S ai
member* Khould read again Q S T editorial In PVh. W e have one W B 2 A L / lire on 2 inth the HW-17A. W B 2 B C A h mobile OR
K N Y tip heen laid up fm 2 months otter a tower accident! meters. W A 2 P N U Is on 2-meter K ITY. W B f f l W has a !*-tnet
HFC W 2 K G C participated in hiber Optics seminar in Texas in linear. W B 2 V L C Is at Nt'K. K J P y T . W21L.K aud WA"2WY
fan. Traffic: WafcAP WA2tBI 17ft, W \ t V Y T I4A, joined Navy M A R S . Hell 1 ah worked moved W 2 Y H K to NJ
W A 1 V Y S 134- K2SSJN I<13, W 2 I H K R8, W B 2 M W Z 74. K 2 U Y K K : k O y T H for K I T Y went up in smoke. W A 2 D R H haa a ne
57, WB"2KUV 53. W A 2 R 1 Z W A 2 V J B is, K 2 H N W 15, t; 1-550 with remote vfo and a phone patch. W A 2 W Y R has
W 3 U R P 10. W 2 A N V 8. W A 2 C 0 W 8, W B 2 B X L W A 2 F Y F 5. new 50i>*w^tt linear. The Passaic Eiigh $ch»o| Kt\ W A 2 Y X Q .
UK with « l > X - l o a W A z H b b joined Navy M A K K . W B 2 / J Q h a i a
n e w ssb rift, W B 2 A Y 7 is putting up a civw fr-meter heavn.
W A 2 R I N !* n o w Advanced ("lass and on with a 5 X - I I 7 and
H T - 4 4 : he 4U0 has S K - 4 2 fur 2 meter*. The Ridge w o o d A R C
presented W 2 M 0 1 1 with a plaque for i > w 2u venm membership.
W H 7 K K K pawed thu Fxtra. W B 2 M A Z is a new l e c h , tn Cliftra.
W N 2 M I H and WN2MII 1 . are new tuims lit May wood. Congratula-
tion* to 4II the net rmjrs. Kt.'s w i j sKT. \nyooe
inrewterf in O O work. o r ' a n FX" appointment, drop us a line.
\frA2TA H re looking Tor R I T Y nrt members. Traffic: fJon-»
W A 2 B A N 32 JO. W A 2 I - K Z 25MH, K 2 K H 0 1175, W A 2 K P I
K 2 0 i ; i , # JO, W A 2 H L L (.44. W A 2 B H J S I S , W B 2 I - M 1 4 6 0 ,
K2C1QJ 3SJ. W»2WIJ> l ? 4 , W K ? V P K 2 * 2 , W N 2 J H T
W B 2 P U g 184. W N 2 G W V 1S4, V/R2BWJ 144, W B 2 B X K 1.47,
W A 2 T H S J I 7 * W T I Z 97, W B 2 B C S WB2YPQ8I, WA2MH
77. W A 2 H S J 7 4 , W A 2 D Q K VV2PI-.V t o , W A 2 D K H
WA-2CVK 57, W A 2 L J J X W A 2 L U X VI, W A S T A f WA2-
A L P 4 6 , K 2 / M 4 S . W Z L ' U .W, W A 2 U J J .w, W A 2 N J B 3« f
K2IUJT VPA-JBCT27, W 2 D R V 2 * , W A 2 J X L 24, W 2 F W Z 1<J,
WB2WNZ W B i C M 10, W 2 T F M K 2 M K X 5, W A 2 K Z I - 4,
W B 2 K K & J, W A 3 W Y K I . f l X c j W A 2 D R H 147, W A 2 L D X 12*,
ftB2BC& 34, W 2 C U 29* W A ? < j U WH2KCJM I W A 2 K Z t '
14.
W D W T J S r />/ W O T O j V

IOWA S C M , Wayne I - I«.hnv»o, KO M U X - Si'M;

Ulrin H. (Albert, K f l Y V P t S h i : K 0 L V H . P A M : K 0 Q K U . R M :
W0HJC1, U B S * ; W 0 L C X , ^ j A g . W 0 1 R . W A t f M I T . New
polnteet? K * Y V U » Ah»t. b C M . k f U K U a* P A M , V A ^ ' U k '
OPS. N e w He kefs: W A t f Y f l A W N W V 1 - , W N 9 A J I . WNp-
A K A , W N 4 A H F . , W N 0 A U \ W N 0 A L U . A l Culbort, P.ci. box
Juo, ( burlei City, 5 « o l b , tub autepted the Auit. b C M appoint-
ment. .\l » active in H X , cootckt work mid (ncnl net*. The many
Trtendk W d P Z O extend sympathy in the revvrtt low rd hfc
^v-ltv. Joe hai moved to Calit. K t f Q K U ho* volmueered to fill the
P A M position for the remainder of Joe's term. W A 0 Y V R plan*
to tour Germpny and ftaly J a r h i d summer vacntlon from
lanmasse cmirse* nt I f. o f T. K 9 I . K H demonstrated amat«wr rqdi»
at the Afliw loRKtmasten H u h . W0!<j<j r e p o r H T I N ctenred
2 7 7 menaseK in one 24H-minute s p ^ i o n during b b l . K i ^ Y V H
scored 110,720 in fhr Jim. C D P.trry. A l has a new SB-220.
W t f K U S neriib Miiwidi and h o HP pie timie lor 1*»n-meter W A ^ .
W A ^ b l ' N reporU l o mo tide* and 2t> ha ins. active in i t l n t o n
L^iuaty dnrlnfs S F T . N e w ufflret* of the i'entMl Iowa A R C are
K 0 L V H , pres,; WA01JCU, vtee-pres., W A t f A V W , ;>ecy.irea»,
kecerit League affiliation was erunted to t."o* C'»1(rff A B ( with
WH4IOE1* p r \ \ A ^ K F ^ t . mar.; W A L T O N , i »• animator*
Puhlif Service Honor Knll: W # l X ' X S l . W ^ U i O J7. W A ^ U t g
27,
liidfic: (Ian.) 1470, K 0 J G I I 4 < J , K 0 A / J l l 1 , \ V A ^ O T Q
70, W d L G f J frJ, W^JPJ S *, W A ^ M L L / y 4 1 ,
WA0K1F- W 0 K B .16, W f l R J / 2H, K f l l . K H 25, WA^VBCT 24,
WA0KtN W A t f Q Z L t^. W A 0 U V H 1<>, W A ^ K B U 13.
KtfOKL) 12, k ^ C N M a T W A 0 D A G H, W A 0 U V 1 8, \V \ 0 R O M 8.
W^MUQ K ^ I S A 4j V / ^ D M X VVA0PCM W A 0 Y K J 2,
W A ^ Y V R 2. K ^ Y V t l 1.

K A N S A S - K r M , Robert M . S u m m e n . K 9 B X f SK'i
K^F.MB. P A M : KflJMI'. K M ; K ^ M R l . V I H P \ M ; W A 0 C V W . All
ut K j i u w exprevsec deepest KYmputhv to the family ot W 0 B U L ,
St;!.1 Mn. < hiat, joined the list of Silent K * v k I^n, 5. C ' K A K ^
Sidinii, eterted W A ^ N X H , pres.; W A ^ J K \ vlce p m : W N 0 Y M L ,
sevv. tremi,; W 0 A i ' Q , hamfext chairman; W \ < I N T C , fH.t- chuir-
man. t w o mure of Hiawatha 1 * finest, W A t f U g A and WA0CJ£1 V .
w?rp i m m l v d in the mmmunifation& hook-up b r t w r r n National
i itv.itd Hnd Airport when i i u » r ( ^ m r n nrtnrneit W A ^ s g N f o r m e r
ty of K.C, area, now K m l d i n f c i n iopemi. I he Jnvhuwk A K b in
K C K s , Uarted l U aonvui Novice crnle i-laM Keb. ta. with ovrr ng
ktndents. W ^ M C H and W A 0 S J H are inatnirtora. N e w n i H c m c>r
the UoothilJ A R C , Hodge i'ity, are K 0 J O D , pre*,: W A ? J 1 * V .
secy .; W A 0 R X S , treafl. B t i A k C also announces date or Hamfest
1470 RK Aug. Ih. Ziinc I A R H ? rrport*. Q N 1 ft7, Q\C
22; 2 meter* Q H \ ft^ ( j H 1 a. tfl A R K l Net re porta i ; N I
QIC K I * 0 N , Q N l I S Q I C 7 i | t Mgf. W 0 L X A ; K S B N .
Q N I 740, Q I C mar. K ^ J M K i K P N , O N I I * * , QTC mp 1 .
K t f J M F ; H B N , QHt 687, Q H ' 1 7 \ m g r . K 0 U ' E ; Q K b . Q N 1
Q T C M)S s mgr. K 0 M K I ; K W N , O N I 737, O T C iii^.
W A 0 L . L C ; Ks E.C, O N I 40, Q T C (7. mgr. K 0 L M B . Irttfflc: (Jan.?
W f l l N H 790, W 0 H 1 K0BXF K 0 M R L I4.V K ^ J M F 124,
W 0 M A ! 1 4 % W A ^ L L C llfc. W A ^ O Z P 4| fl W A f t T Z K 87, W 0 G C J
K2, WtfCHJ 7 8 , W0SOS-. 7ft. K t f U M B W ^ B G X AS. K t f L P h *<>.
K # U V M 4.1, W A 0 T A S W A J L B B 14, W A 0 U T T WAp-
W V N / 0 25. W A 0 O W 1 I 25, W A 0 J b C W A t f S b V 18, W 0 1 UJ
15. W t L Y C 10, W A 0 U f R 10, W A 5 H N N / 0 W A 0 K . O C V,
W V 0 J O C A, K # J I D S , K 0 K F - U 4. W A 0 T M T 4 1 , WtfRI I 20,
VV0RBCJ ( 4 , W A 0 J h C 12.

M I S S O U R I - K C M , Robert J. Peav1er,WtfBV - SF-C; W^RTtl,.

Appointment renewed: W9CH/0 «t P H I ) certincate went
to W 0 A A 1 ; M W N certificate to W A 0 R V R ; M o s S B certificates to
K0BD r, W U B H G . WAtfOHM, W0HUL, W0CHV KflDOVT
W 0 1 X U , K * * N H . WJGWF. K*HQW. ttfHTI. W 0 N Y T , WAd-
O I A , K^Kl'H* W«Kl a ll. WflRTO, Ktf KWL, W A d S K R , WAltTAA.
\V\0TU, W » V 7 T
Correction: Hanis wishing t « affiliated with R A C L 3 should mv
K9RPH vr W A f M J ; K W N U is not assuciated with RACfc*.
WjJuUlJ the subject o f a large teatur* story in a bprlngtield
newspaper. The Tri-State Radio r i n b hut obtained the i'hII
W0D1% with W9KU], u* trustee, sun v t W 0 G L O . t*
now in the Navy and is in Hawaii. K0QIG tun worked Sou
fMiitiripv 1 ioen** c h n e i conducted by the PHDARA lire yvcll
attended, with 57 in Novice Jans and 2 0 in U n v n i l and
Advanced. We are glad to see K0JPJ back home after spending
n v « t of Dec- in the hospital; he is spending m m t af his time
UTitlng answers t o i**pufises to tR> notices. Congratulation* t o :
W0AUB on 4 0 ye«r\ in » b m radio; WN<jZLP on making HPl.as a
Nw\*ce: K0UJK ami W A ^ T A A on Advanced Class, 1 rathe: Hutu I
M O N K 1768. WAtfKVK Jo4, KOAKM 3 3 6 , WAtfHTN U J >
W0RV 133, K0KPH 1011 WttOl'D HO. WAtfVJN 79. W A ^ V R I
5r>; W A 0 W Q A 4J, WA^QIA W 0 R T O >7, WA^KMH 71 1
W A 0 Y Y R 15. W9BVL 111, \V«JKI 10, WA0KUH 10, W A f W P N
m m 3. w a ^ z l u x w a c a j wa<iycn iu«m
WA0UPA J15, W N 0 7 J P I7S, K 0 W T 7 10. (Nov. W A 4 0 C 2 15.

N E B R A S K A - SC'M, V.A. Casbon, KtfOAL. - S H ' ; K 0 O H K

congratulations to WAtJUJZ and Wa^IRFT hm passing Advanced
Oast. All Nebraska amateurs are urged f o participate in Nrhr*ska
Q S O Party Apr, Neb C.W, Net showing promise and
requests tnrthcr support. Ak^ir-Uen AKc: elected W A 0 U U A ,
pres.; W0YCP* vice-pros, K0WH1- reports for box Butte C o . J-Mtr
A R F C Net (Jan.) QNI 32. QTC 4. Kenewrd a p p o i n t m e n t s
WA|llitU. W4N1K, W A f J U h . W l t f L u Y a* PAMs; W A * K i : i ,
K f J F N , W0JK?« WA^VBLi W * V Q P , W A # l . L 0 . KfEtfA,
Wat'XH, WA01UM, W f H ' J i:c'*i WA0OCW as OPS. N e w
O p b , WA9J1H. Hecause o f a khanic* r^requipment » H S W0BM
has temporarily i m p e n d e d hi* schedule. Jan. net reports:
v--r <:;\rr;nays <X\7 ore
NSN 1 on io Day 1^44 H7 WA^UIY
NSN II (M 30 Dv iniK 67 WAU-ClY
Nebr Ibu IM«P5 0 1 3 0 l)v IM WA^CBI
NKH 04nn n y S4
t.BSN 34H2 1 2,10 1st M 12 0 WAasop
NMN 1 J J o IIV lutio 43 WAtfJ U!
WNN 1400 M-Sa 47 W^NIK
\R1 V 14 .111 Sun 176 17 VVJfRZ
i HN 39K2 IJU0 n y I 380 (4H \VA0(iHZ
Iraltici (Jan.) W^LUt) 376, tt \0DOU 320, W A 0 Z H R M l ,
WAtfGH/ k t f O D * 40, KOUWK HS, K0JhN « ? . KOJ TW
K ^ O A L 4.*. Wtf AttK W^Bfr V K^hKU WA^BOK 34.
W A 0 C B I 31. WAflHWK 31, WA^JIH WA|fl U V / 0
WA^LBH "25, W 0 W . A 25, WAO I"1 M 21, IVfNKK 19,
WAtfSOl' t 7 , W 4 / U 0 17. K t H f 15, WA^IXl 1 15, Wfll'^H 12,
KflMUh 12, W A 0 J A V 11, WAfllJUF N v W A » L 0 Y t ^ W A ^ D X Y
IU, K^HNl 1 0 - W A ^ l M U K, W » G t : g 7 , W a M t A 7 l W A 0 U Q X 7,
WOYFR 7 t WA^LL.I b- WA^CJKC VY0KAM ft, WA0YJ1 K
w r U K^Jl'P W A ^ V W A f l U N 4 , W0M<1P 4 .
WAURAK 4 , W . ^ l i . 1 4, W ^ H Q / J, WA^IBL W A f t K I 1 2,
ttA0NYM W0PHA 2m WA^PIft' 2. WA^Qtl J, WAtfUUB i,
W^IRJA 3, V/AdKPB J. K*SK<A \V(I11C)V 2,
1. SYAtfKH I, l l i e c . ) V/A(ltX3U26<J
WAtfV.ll
NtBRy\SKA 0 S 0 P A R T Y
I hft cot11est^ Kponxorca thr I.incoln Amateur H,i\t wilt
Uku place trom Iduo GM I April 25 to i i t i o i»MT April
it is open to nil amateurs and Nebraska stations may
w v V '»ther Nebraska stations (fur points o n l y } . Stations
tiuy he unrked and counted tor U S O points on each hand
and each mudc. I he ex^hanee will be 0 S O nr., K S ( I ) ,
county fi»r Nehrahka stations <ttu\ YKKL section f o r
rioi(»Nebraska htutlons. Loafing inlnrmatinn: date/time in
G M T , ekwfiaUfEea. Knnd, tliode and points. Lor must
include a summary -sheet with scunnc and name and
address in block letters. SagppNtcd frequencies: 1X14
JfeWIO SVHl 7 1 0 0 7 2 6 0 14060 14JQ0 1 1 0 7 0
2HMS0 28600* Scoring system: rjut-of-stare stations total
Nebraska umtarts X ) points X* Nebraska it urn tie*
Nebraska Nation* wilt multiply AKK1- sections wcrrked
plus a maximum vf ten foreign countries bv the total
number o f contacts made. Awards -uwill be made t » the t o p
stahnn In earh Nebraska munty* the t o p scorrr in earh
\ K R t w t t i o n aud country. Additional certificates will be;
issued where deemed appropriate. The mailing deadline is
M:iv 31. Send your loff t o Lincoln A R C , ctO Mkhael
Nickolaus, W A 4 K G 0 , 4421 TSppcrary Trail, t ineaIh,
Nebraska 6 K M 2 .
 NKW ENGLAND DIVISION
CONNECTICUT - ScM. John McNoasor, WlGVT - sifeC:
W l t l H K . K M : W A i t l S N . J ' A M : K l Y < J 5 . V H F P A M s K 1 S X F .
J a n u a r y reptr

.Vrr Frrrj Tim*} (lays QSt firr:

CN .^640 1 K4S Daily A2 52ft SSn

I'PN a w 1 t*oo 1J 4*2 2«ft
V H t 2 I45t*H ??00 M-S 27 MS
VHF ft S0.6 2100 M-S 144

High v N I s l . N - W A I H O U W A 1 H S N , W l K J l . CPN - W 1 O 0 J ,
W l f i V T , K I Y ' G S 1*1; W A I M B 2 H ; W A I t K H - 2 5 ; W 1 M P W ,
KISXt 24:W1HHK ^ ; W M K M R SfcC W l H H K a p p r e c i a t e d
t h e w u r k - o u r d u r i n g S h I nn J e x t e n d s s i n c e r e t h a n k s t o a l l w h o
p a r t i c i p a t e d , W ! s nrc 9 * k r d t o * m d h i m a m o n t h l y report - he c*
'Hi C P N m c * ( every n i g h t . H K T again p r o v e d t h e v a l u e o f n e t * —
C'N used (his us n p a t t e r n t o f o l l o w i n a n y e m e r g e n c y . S L T
i n d i c a t e d t r a f f i c v a n be " g e n e r a t e d " h y , u t l v e a m a t e u r s . K e e p
this In u d n d t o increase y«*ur m u n t h l y t o t a l as w e l l aa t h a t o f
y u u r net. o u r h a r d - w o r k i n g D i r e c t o r , W H ? V , w o u l d a p p r e c i a t e
c l u b * e x e r t i n p every e f f o r t t o h e l p increase A K K i . m e m b e r s h i p .
S u b m i t > " u r c l u h a n d personal views o i l a m a t e u r m u t t e r * t n h i m
n o w t n r a c t i o n a t n e x t B o a r d M e e t i n g . D a n b u r y i . \ A K A was
active d u r i n g S E I a n d busy w i t h C o n n . QSQ Party results.
W I B K J r e p o r t s M i d d l e w v A K A a c t i v e in Set. K l Y G S p r o v i d e d
t ' P N m e m b e r * w i t h n e w net router. applicants should
chetvk i n C'N w h e n possible. K l ZA'l n o w \% s t a t i o n e d I n
Germany, Congratulations t o W A I k M R , W A I H O I . W A I t L B ,
W \ ( J Z < " a n d W A l J g c : For J a n . B P L : W N I M D T a n d W N I L W T
n e w Novices. T h a n k s t o all w h o send r e p o r t s For t h e n e w Public
Service H o n o r R o l l I K t i n p. F L A S H : Q R M Is b a n n e d r r o t n all n e t
f r e q u e n c i e s f o r A p r i l h t r s t ! I r a t t i c : W A I K M R *<>!, W A 1 H O L
5 B 4 , WIKFW 4 5 4 , U A i L l B 4 0 8 . WlfcJI J I 4 . WALJZC 2SM,
W A l H S N 2*1. WA1JQC W M U K 114. W I A W 112,
W 1 K U O V I , K l f r . l R 8 * . I V I C / f I «ft, W t G V T 8 4 , W A J J S t f / 1 7 8 ,
W A l G t H 74. W I H H K W C W C G b 4 , WHCWL/1 o 4 , K l V G S
Sw, i V A U V V 5 2 . K I K 1 C 4 * . W I M P W WlYHH W < U IK'S
Jo, W 1 Q V W M X J J M , W 1 B O J 22. K I S X * 2 2 , W A l J t i A J I ,
WALKWTI W 1 B N B / I 6, W A U X S 5. W I C I I R 4 , W l C U H 4 ,
W A I J M O 4.
F,ASTERN MASSACHUSETTS - SCM. t r a n k I.. Baker,
W l A L P - W t A O t i , o u r i s K C . i s t n H a . W A t D N U is n e w S h C l o r
W e s t e r n Mass. S i l e n t K e y * are W 1 / S T a n d W t o r r , t a t h e r o f
W l K K P . W A I D K L a n d W A i l t K w o r k e d i n t o m i d d l e w e s t o u 6.
W l D K H is e d i t o r o f B a y ^ t a t e S t a t i c n e w s l e t t e r o r Mass. N A H C .
W A I * U l . , 1 V K O J X , t-Mfc have i t r w M t X 5UQ*. W A 1 I M ; has
H g - | | f » A t W a l t h a m K C has a net oft 5 0 . 4 M H s W e d . n i g h t s .
W I L E S is i n W a s h i n g t o n . K 1 M O N m a r r i e d W N I M L R . W I K H T
r e p o r t s N K F - P N b u d 4 s u v J i m s , 7 a i J N I a , IQ t r a t l i c . K 1 P N B
r e p o r t s l i M N h a d 4 8 wicsinns, 24 r t r n t f i v . 2n>uth b h o r e A R C w i l l
h f t l d ari a u c t i o n A p t . l o at t h e V r U n j c H u b . W U t X ' a w i f e is
w a i t i n g her N o v i c e call* W A I M U T U a n e w V L . W N 1 M C Y Is
w n r k i n g O X o n i s , W I K C ' K n - t i r e d a n d m o v e d t o Mar&hfteld.
K l Y t i W i v n n an M ^ - l o u at M a s s u c i i t A K A . W l U b aave J t a l k o n
I b U I ) X i n g at S o o t h S h o r e A f t C . W A 1 U X I b a d "heart a t t a c k .
W I D O M was i n the h o s p i t a l f o r a s h o r t v i s i t . N e w o f f i c e r s o r
Masstf<jit A K A i W l O K K , pres.: K i U1W, w c e - p r e s . : W l I H , s e c y , ;
W A J l i A J . t r e a t . W I A L P a t t e n d e d t h e d i n n e r t n e e t l n * o f CTape-
w a y A K C \ N e w ofTicera S h a r o n \ H A : W A M K Y , prea.;
W A J J V L , v k t - p r o u : W N 1 T Hfc. w v y . s W N 1 L X I ) , t r e a » . . K i s JCJ t
i i l K . i ^ e u . N x u i L W i l l ' / N teuk ort J o . k l A M P has a I w o c r ,
k l Q V l i a n d WICC. P are o n 2. W B 1 V 1 A is at N - U . F-nstern
M a n . A K A h o l d i n g classes. W - M K D L haft a c u k e c a n v e r t i c a l f o r
4 0 . T«j C l u b m e t at W I M V Q V W A 1 M H N is t h e S n m e r v i l l e A K C
ualL I A 1 X O D m i t e d W l HOW. W A I I K Y has his J * w p m .
H M 2 M N h a d 22 sessions. H i ' j N U , traffic K l R A N and
W A r KOI.i are c h e e k i n g i n . W A U I R Y a n d i V L are n e w ( I K M .
K t N K W is n e w M u i r r w c K t ' , A p p u i n t m e n t s e n d o r s e d : K 1 K S C ,
Wl AX, W4YACH. WAIHCiH u K S s ; W i s K P I - , B H D , H i f aa
>lCs; W t B H D . W A 1 H P X ^ O l W a ; W i A X , W A I t Y Y as O P S s ;
WiRHH v OVS. W4VAC/I is b u c k a t M I T f o r his Masters
degree* WL ftJ is q u i t e activc. W U K K r e p o r t s t h e Burn t a r d N e t
l i a d 2 7 a m i o n s , $ 2 9 O N is, 27 truFTic. W I M I ' H , M i l t o n A c a d e m y
K C Is OH the air. W A I L t * B f e pres.: W N 1 1 . H i t , s e c v . ; W A I L O U
h a t ait N l ' X - S O O a n d ts « n L C A K y o n 4 0 . o f f i c e r * uf
C h e l m s f o r d A K A : W I M W M . pres.; \ V M < 1 S F , pres.:
K 1 M 0 P , secy, treas. t h e R o b e r t C a m e r o n M e m o r i a l A w a r d was
p r e s e n t e d t o W A l K M N . W A i i W g has W A S a n d W A C . W l R 1 I D
ha« K T 1 Y o n 75. K H A t i P r j a n d V H 1 PI visited W I A X . W I L t
r e p o r t * the fGreater N e w B e d f o r d A r e a t o o k part i n
Vaverian Bros. H * K u e l e c t e d W A 1 K V U . pres.; ' . V A I K V V ,
cfr-pres./trustee; W M M K H , ti*aw,: W N 1 M C E , secy. W A U K J fs
In i ' V I T N n n 7 ^ 0 i i u i K C ' A R S n n 7 2 5 V W A I K N M l o s t hts
b e a m a n d r o t o r i n a »ti>rm. W N l s M G I a n d M C i l i are o n 4 i M 5
L'W. M a M > o i t A K A h a d a l e c t u r e o n T r a n s i s t o r * " h y W I I F 1 .
O u a n n a p o w l t t K A h a d a t a l k b y W I T T o n " R a d i o Wave
Propogation." K7JRK/U W U |ft(l|>, HKJ, WAI* JVI-. IKY, J K J
dud K.1USG made PSHR, Central N.b, Net hail 1425 ONls,
t n f f i c In Dec; I42R g N U , 86 traffic m i a n . W1NF monitored
Chew S ou 2.6. the Crow Band Net had 17«esston<, AO ONU* U
traffic. Kruminghnm \<V had two film* by WMIOL on "Wava
Behavior & Propagation." Whitman ARt! is on <>, KIWYS In in
Denver, Colo, WAIDlJlJ Is tn tlie hospital. t'MN had 32 sessions,
330 ONU, 213 (ruffle. FMNN had 4 »e!«inn» t 33 UN la, I J
traffic, Traffic: ( J a n . ) WlOJM 656, KlfchO 617, WAILYY 50T
WlQYY 370, WlPLX J31, W A U A U J .10, WAI IKY
WAI J Y Y I4XWIBUK l i b , K7JRIC/1 93, W A U V L I U , Wl tWC
78, WIABL" ' J, WAIUL WtMKJ 60, WICTK SO, W A f t l f l
4 » , W1 AEr 46, WlUX 43, U1PRB 4U, W A I J K J 39, WAlKHU
3K, WAH>PX 20. W1UUM 16, WILE 13, WIALP W11T1P 8
KIOKL 6 t WAII.CH4, KKTM 3 t WA1KNM J , lUec.l W|QY\
1KH, W1 MK1> WAI ULC 4, WA1DLD 4 . W J A K N 2.
MVINh SCM, P*ter h» sterling, KITEV HEi!: K i a . K
PAM; KM: WlHJti. WA90BJ/1 la a new ham in tin
Limestone area. W A AH DP/1 will he operating from Luring Ail
Force Jtane iuniu. WA0KCS/1 will he leaving for Ouam soon auc
will he operating with a KG6 coll. WA7UH171 and WAIUII) an
leaving for Oregon in May- WAI AIM/V02 is leaving o o o i Un
and is potng tu South Carolina tu he an instructor. WAiKLO I
building a new linear using a 4-luuoA. K l T I K, in Prrsqur l«i«
ha& been promoted to Senior Chwf Petty Officer and rt leavinj
tor realignment i n , u n e ' WA1MIU isatatloned in Germany am
using the call DL4MP: he a buitdlnn an HW-liJii. New ham* n
the State uf Maine arc WN1MGR* WAJM1M, WNIMHY
WNIMJA and WNJMKO. Me.-NJL-Vt. Net meet* on 3*M$ a
Z330Z. Sea Hull ner meets on 3*40 Moo. through Sat. at 170(1
The P t N has been reactivate it and meet* on 3 V 6 Mon. througl
Sun. We are looking for people who would like tn he NCS on thi
net. It is on at 190(1. WAi J T I is now on ^ w f f l f R Kl Y. Traffic
WtHJCl 4KU* WAI J*CM "214, WlOtI 1I*, KlWQl/l 6 f . W A J t L C
6U, WINNIJ S3, WAI J FX 48, W1OTQ 12.
NfcW HAMPSHlKi: - JSCM, Dona IJ Morgan. K l ^ K S - S K r
KtRSCN KM: M U i ' S . PAM: KIAPQ. Welcome to club atatioi
W.MMG'l, of Franklin Pierce College, and new hurra WA1MG3
WA1MHK and WAIMHS. W1 Al-fr. had bU OVS
Wi( tJl), of Littleton, is the new lit' far Grafton County, takin
the pla«« uf KISH0 who, after three year*, finds htt work loa
too heavy. One OO report was r e v i v e d from Wlf.Lf-. k l A C i
proud of tm new Code Proficiency award and rightly «<
Not had fur 7 3 Kl BL'S Is busily engaged in m e m *
handling and Red Cross work. Bow Radio A*ati< list* newoiTicei
headed by Milt Hriwr, pre*.; Walt lutein, vice-prea.: Mai
Caldwell, trea*.; Steve Vannivaefc>. These officers are all Novices
The liSPN reports b7A check-in* and t S l traffic. The MNVI
reports ONS 163, OTP 111, amions. Iraffic-handlin
remains difficult on phune In the evening. W! KCC ia busy ttttin
up the Lluh *tatl<m for Lxplorer Vmt 256 In Naxhua. Nuvioe Nc
now K in operation in Manchextcr. Traffic: ( J a n . ) WAI J TM 61,
t i l » C S 4lH t W M t i Y 335, K l P g V 166, W1MHX » u , K1TM1
KIQtlS 41, WIIU'C (Oec.j W1MHX lo. ( N o v j WlMH
SO.
RHODE 1SIJIND - SCM, John Eu Johnaon, Kl AAV - KN
W1BTV. PAM; WITXL. VHF PAM: K1TPK. Rl^PN report: J
64* CJNI, S5 traffic. Ihe lidelrty ARC. XlNC?«
reports that the progiam for the current year at the upgrading r
the licenses of members. l o date WIQLD and Kl fAV ha\
passed the r.xtra Clmvx&tsu WAUi-l' the Advanced Class e*an
WNHWS* the Uenernl Oaas q w , Mike tjarafano the Nayk
til ass exam, Lou leatreault and Bernard Ouarterelli the Novic
code teat, the viub's cw net h active again and meet) T h m , i
2030 VHT on . O i n MH*. The cull It CQ hARC. W A l I C g h;
raraved an hnnomry membership In the Society of south Pol
for all his uurk with phone patches for the Navy on the Soul
Pole. WA1JX0 rii now nsing a HX-IOO and a three-rlemrnr Vn|
workiog Ints ol OX off ?!)* I & nnd 10 meters. W A J i p H has le
for Miami, Ha. for the rest uf the winter and will be missed c
J RN. He will be taking some of his with him hoping I
contact his ham triends from Florida I rathe: WITXL 21
W l Y K y ISO. Kl VYC 6K, K l Q t O 37, W A J J S T 7, W A t t g f t
VFRMONT - sc:m, k Rrginatd Murray, KIMPN -
Set Ttm}iiayx yrc t^Ml
Cir Mt. MM 2 2 3 0 / M-S 16 WAIJI
Vt. f one iwoi Sun. 9.1 1 WAIN
MNV ItiM 2 3 3 0 2 M-^ 161 311
Carreer 3445 l4rK)Z M-K MO 46 W1KK
VTCD 3990 1 /2 1 6007. S u n . 43 Wl *
VTPO ?30ti? Sun. 12 K l BC
VTSH 390V 2230Z M-S 715 121 WAIH*
1330/ Sun.
Welcome to new Nnvicr WNIMHK CWinotiski) and to C,rner
WAIMHP (St. AI feint). Hope you eujnved the Vt. qttO Part
Lojcs should b* in b> Mar. 31. BAKC and CVARC are planning
joint hupper meeting Apr. IH .In Montpelier, Apr. 11 « "Cta
Up 1>ay" in Vt, and we need < ommumcations to state tl
Monitor j w u 1/2 k\U. 1 rurfpc: KJBUB 276. WlFRT II
WAIGKS 72, K1MPN *K, W 1 M R W 9, K1 YC.I G. W! hSM-
WKSTKRN MASSACHUSETTS sc'M, Percv C, Nohl
WTRVR - ,SK': WAll>NB. C W RM: WlIlVW. t*AMfi With
promotion once ugam of WAUjNB uv now have «n KFV, wli
Wrv^H takinp uvt-r WAIMNB's former position a* H.irnpshl
County K'. WXIPVK bi tl us new Berkshire Cnuntv fc
WAIBXU ci n new (Mj. Mt. Her men School has given Wl/i
whole family a Kurnpean Travel grant this imning sum mi
WA1LNF hn*. a new SlV^n, WTHKC is putting up a tower
tri-band come spring. Wl hGJ ha* a new NCX-SuO, W B 2 D V
now W A I M C M in Longmeaduw. C W KM W I O V W report* til
W M N had IKS QNTk, handled 154 messages, with Ifldltterei
Muttons checking In. I'np T in itfder »r attendance were WIB
WIUVW. K1IJV, WtZPB, WEKOJ. WU'UO end KCWZY. W A
JCl reports that his Jvj $.kc. »b net ht jr>ina quite well (
daily). Mr, Jim Msk, editor of Ham Kadio, was Jan. que
speaker ;it the HCUA. KI iBK2 i* the new editor of H(aKA*s
Bent, Your sCM believes ttut every net member should br
member of the Amateur Radio f*.mer*enry Corp*. Contact cit
SEC V'AIDNR, Hampden f>«nty KC W U C «ir Hampshl
County FC WUJI- B, I rmti the Valley Club Uscillator we le
that WNI Lull has parted her General. WAlilMh now has
7SA4. WAK'XD and W1NPL dre active on J, KIAGL U doi
hi* bedroom in Japanese motif, first item of deem a Vac
t<TfJ*ft*n. from the Montachusett Club the following: WtCUl
teaching code classes. Correction to 4 misunderstanding: CB
proposed In Leo mi niter us u supplement in civil defen^r
'vmeter ham. The CitiTrn Hand effort haft now berti terminat
Traffic rjan.) WlrfPB 24n, WlBVtt 110, UIJV H2, WIDV
SVIIHl Si, W1 KiJ 4 * W l K K J7, W1PUO 24, KIWZY 2
WA11£S la, WA1LNF 10, WllC WA1JCT WIHRC
W A f A H W M N o v J W I i r f0.

ALASKA - SCM, Albert I-, Weber. K L W Q . - K17BJU

hiick nu the -ilr hut This time with ^ pole Instead of a tower-
Kubhlt Creek wind finally made a believer nut ot him, KL7KK
is trying hi* darned«Ht to grt out from the wd^ >>f Hill
down iune^n but having hU troubles, KL71R is the ino
ci>tHii;tent Aldnbin on the 160 band, and from his location o
ulf wjter does a umvli better job otttorfctngstateside Chan w
do up here in the interior. Since K(.7f V0 started the rod
practiceration*011 37.11 the frei|uenvy hat been me llterall
jammed mth »tatiorw, and not just Nonce* either* Mei
two-letter cull In the Fairbanks area U KL7AM. KL7I-C is ba
down lune-au way tilth the legislature, and informs its that
ham antennai have hwn Installed on the >tate ferries, fur the
ot any ham with mobile year and a yen tor a hit of operation
sea. Iraffle: K.L7CAH 1 J2
IDAHO - SCM, Donald A. Cnspt W7ZNN, « (he t A K M Ni
rnnvencn rach day at 020(1 C M J nn kHz. The Idah
K^Cl'.S Net meets each week dav ut ISIS CiMf on kM
the
annual Northwest Weather Net Banquet was held at Coet
d'Alent* I he Boiso KC had a simulated flood during the S M
"lite FA K M Net aud the Idaho KAcLS Net handled reeoT
it mounts of traffic during the Sb'T. WA^FIC 14 rernvr nn|s
pneumonh, WA7PKZ iVfis re-elected president of the Lewist01
Clurkston Club. Other officers 4te: WA7ETO* vicr-pm
MTN7JHZ, wytre^: W7AOO, K T H X , WA7FWV, V/7VK
WN7Lkl'i directory. WA7(flU vmn the Lrwrston tlab*H hiddc
transmitter hunt. Ihe transmitter m s a miniature transistorlre
rig. i-AKM Net report: 22 geuinuik, 77ft chnck-ino* I1J tmffl
handled, f raffle: K7KUX 40J, W7GHI 177, WA7HDD 15'
W77NN 25, KWSI J2 1 W7MSb,
M O N T A N A - si:m, Joseph V. U'Arcy. W7TYN. - S H
W7R7Y. CAM: Montana traffic Net - .^10 kHrOIOi
Montana TON ,tQ50 kHi: 024^ daily. Appointments: K7CVA
EC. W7JPU. W7DVK. W^Hi, W 7 0 Y W W7TYN, K70CK mi
WTIVK were on few the RACES Montdex-70 e^enrUe. II
RiNingg 2 meter fm repeater will be 146.J4 input, I4e^
output. There wax a lot of activity in the section during the
Over 20u pieces of traffic were handled on the *tate net. \V7
was the KN7 liaison station for the rxerrige. WA7IZR ut
W7LWK have been submitting PbHK reports. We^tillneed moi
LCs throughout the state, 1 raffle: WA7IZR 46. W7TYN 4
K71-OJ W70I0*.
O R E G O N - SCM! Dale f. Justice. K7WVVR. SLC: W7HLI
KM: K 7 L * A M : K7RQZ. Seiitmn nets;
QTC -VI
HSN i>i.trv?noo2 1476 1
WA7HK
OSN UM>0/. lu-Sil K7GG
ARI'-C OMm* idtlH
Salem A K K u.*<K>/ 14V" .i.w 14 K7Y
Wutland A K M ' rt.UHZ I45,4S
NHN O.VHiZ 571K1 .Ml KTOI
New nppuintmentv K 7 C 0 U as Knutc Manager *ind KC 1
t hckamas O i u n t v . K7(JK', ;is o t t S *nd WA7JK1 as OB*. I
SF.I was, 9 mixes* wlrli more participation than ever. I
reports ut emergencies v,*re r f r t « d thK tnnnlh. One tnvnh
the ice storm in Hood River, the other a pail • if unaccounted-
sfciiers. I he NorHmvst M o w Speed Net (NSN> tl.l* 11* niatioi
mid t w o directors In Oregon and will be listed in this repn
Remember that all n«U except the 2 meter net* wilt stay mi 1
\arne IikuI times arid shift tn n » e hour eurher CiMl during t
summer W A 7 I T N bundled * * phone patches tn S-fc.^
dtirin? January. Imtfic: K 7 K g Z WAT1KS '.YA7H1
277, W A 7 M U 1.**, W A 7 R X 134, W7KB 112, K?NTS J!
K7UGC I I * . W%7KP1I AH, K7C1HI M , K7WWK K7V*
W7MHM 2 ! , W7BJX 1 W 4 ? h K H I7 ; W7BNS
WA7JAW IS. W 7 M U 1 M V 7 I T WA7JMK) l , U A 7 J k r l-
WASHINGTON - Si.'M. Hurry IV. Lew®, W74VU- - I he 11;
•.'"Uflty Amateur Rndm \ luh ol Vancouver. Wash., held it ann
ham test and banquet during January with over 12ft tn aft
dam.tr at dinner, Ihr Nr»rtbw**t Single Sideband Net held
annual pet-topether at the Holiday Jnn uear liunma. I'he Ski
Amateur Kadio U u h spoutored the Arltnptou Manifest In «
\pril. Coming up, the Bremerton (Ininfcvt during Armed l or
(Jay and enc State Ifartifesr the 2nd weekend in iuly. I ' t H p
s«>rs ut' the uifi%«-tition wii\ be the Kndlo iJtuh o f Tacoma*
WANTS Net, the Noontime Net. and others. W7U-U istransr
tin? official bulletins un *t ni.Ui Z. WA7KUB made *
this sprint!, after 1 • j year* o r tr>mg. New of fleer* o f the dul
County Miuitcur Kadl» f l u b tor I v ' u are \V\7LDM, pr
\Y7 MH» vice pres.; WA7KMX, secy. I his club in the Aug*
jrea now has an active membership o f o w r (he A K H : Pu
Siiiirid tmergency Net meets at <)4cm/ .in mi.x* MH/.
b»h been heard im J ><> MHr t . M . h , by WHANMT/A. W7<*
runs wattn <jut Uti MHZ wvrh a in the final. It
n o w con>t rut ting h final uith 4vX3QO. Skeds Im
it tempted n o w >i»th ViH*NMI tnr 7MI-MH7 contact. I m f
W l i A 19<iO, W7D7K W\7HKR M l . W ? K / \V
WA"?KUU V / 7 A X T 2K7, \V7<WJ iti5 ( W*»BO f
W7fiVC IS15, W7UWI 171, WA7LOL 141, W A 7 C , v r 1
W7APS K7KIV frfc, K7LNP SV W7JFY W7UNO
W A 7 U U 4 6 . K7WTO 45, W7HIJN 4,1, W7HTB 3*. WATJPU
U7BHU W7IKU W\7I H - |yr V V R X H IK, WA7HRJ
WA7UXI 10, WATHl.H i n , W A l b 7 ( W7VM7 VVA7BDI
W.VFhkM/7 4, 4. K7UKL. J.
M r / w t ' o/m/OfV

I AST BAV - Si'M, l^iul J I'.trker, XVIMUIM Wf-«

u^vu ts that he in the recent k I * party :md reptit
total ot WAMUI report^ that this \ M T helped
make the W \ . U n l W Is still puundlnf away <il the trj
busiirra. We have a new member in the section, WA«iM>l
Uick lives up in Napa and is qixte Hihve nn the Nortl
LJllfoniiii Net. KoPJ had ftiiih a gotid time during the l'IJ
part> aad u> t?Hi.itrd that h a trurumitUr blew
WtlftNMWb has been quite active thete Inst few nmnth* d
TLnitie propawition tnsK K11MI reports that he v* still plug
dwny toward hist Fxtra Class- U s e e m (here not much a
fty in this sertmn during the Sb 1 this yeat. Wonder if peopU
a ^ r e of the need for this tu thev were ?
ut the things that bus helped us tn maintain <nir Mutu
amateur radio openifors w the Mrt that we are ftiippotrd tf
invuh-ed and prme thill we r m mid d o support this countr
ttme id communications iterd. Another point that shouti
brought up is that there ta a lined In Ihrt w t i o n tor such o f f
3s an PAM and others that n»idd help me curry the hi
iMHild appii'uiitc it If auvoue interested In the above-mentt<
position* would get In touch with me. ( am sure that w e t . n
Si.ti started- Traffic: \ V 5 5 2 , 1V6IPW ,Vi|( WAvHfLltC
WBhDHH r.i, Kf>OMt S, k b W WBftNMl/
HAWAII - tt'Mj Let K. Wical, KHfetiZl . St'C: KHftG
KM: KH6AJ). i'AM: Vacant. QUI- Mgr.i KM^OQ. s: P
GLM H A $ t ; K V / K K 4 , K5C61T, KC^KJ and WHI7H/Gi
KACKS nets coordinate vnth KH6A1N, radio officer.
Xrr% Frrti/Mito G f .wr MV1
Friendly Net 7.!"»ll ZOJO/ Ml-
Hnv Stout Net 2 I.JftU ttfoui Sil
i'uclfic Interistand MH.107 M-W- ^
S. R. .Uia Net 1 200/ .All
huiFic t y p h o o n Net (4.1AS During typhoon alerts
l!i>ti fusion Net 21 400 OUnz All
( H i o n e patches)
Oerko Net 14.J1S loooz Vhuis,
iK<i6 ifllonds)
I nvish to take thts opportunity t o thank those o f y o u
helped or culled to otter aid and assistance utter the vinlen
storm packing hurricane wind* ripped my ronf off, pulling m
rower down mid a mashing all five antennas. Remember: t b
(970 combined htcific-Suuthwestern Division* convention wil
be held in Fresno dt the hacienda Motel (Fresno Travel Host J a
•M Freeway at Clinton, ou May 1 5 - I T More in tor mat ion can t
nbtaJned by writing Chairman Berge ttulhuUan. WB6GSH, H
box 783, Fresno CA 9.VM2. Just off th« sick list: KHftJUTau
KHfiHP. KH6CXF recently returned from Indonesia and gave a
interesting talk to the Honolulu ARC. He* hack in Yft-lanc
Seen in the Ala Wal Canal waa KH6AIN- S«eim au autu auadcfi
put Henry with Auto there. He's w f e and sound but some fat
gut wet- Suine guy* will do anything to tignJMM? SFT '70 wpi
better this year than in the past. Kudos to K H 4 0 4 W jmd hi
FCs, Traffic* KH6HCM KHfttlQW KH6BAS V
KH6BZF 27, KH60KU 34, KH6LP 24, KlHNOIKHb \
W7UZH/KG6 [,
NEVADA - SCM, Leonard M. Norman, W7FRV. SFf
WA7BEU has a new Drake linear to boost his RTTY. Outride
able more fm units are oti the air now that two tm repeaters ai
operating. W7AKF/W7IJDB rm repeater input 147.18 and 5X71
i*ut put 147,84 and 52*. located on Angles Peak, mid K7TD
fm repeater input is 144,34, uutput 146.44, located nn Lo
PotosL K7PPE, K7USR. W7PBV, WA7GIV, W7FJN, W7RB1
W7YYC «tid W7VAL assisted In providing point-to-point an
ground-to-air communications for one u t the largest fcelJcop*
conventions in Lns Vegas. K7USR is qualified to explain how
feeli ro tly a helicopter* loint Pacific and Southwestern Divisio
AKKL Convention will be held in Fresno in May, Sierra hamte
at Bower's Mansion on August 22- K7ZAU is chairman, a»sut<
by his XYK, K7VYN,
SACRAMENTO VALLbV - SCM, Juhn K Minke II
K6KYA. The office »f SfeC in Sacramento Valley has b *
vacant for a cuupte of year*. Now it has been filled by Ted R-is
WbSMIJ, Sacramento County W \ give htm a hand. Ho
about some of you amateurs up north taking on a job as FX! fi
yuur cuunty <uid organizing an emergency net? Another hig
light for Sacra menrn Vnlley during January was the awarding <
u r n * plaques to W6tt£K and W6t*DU for their winning artic
on fm repeaters in October QST, Our director, W62KJ, f l e w i
to make the presentation. Abu attending, including a dinner
Posey's in Sacramento, were WHaPHQ, KftHHP, WAfcRfc. at
XYE-, WA6KSA and W6KYA and XYU H u n t forget to plan f
the hicific-Snuthwastern Division Convention in Fresno on Mi
15-17. Detail* from Che F m n o ARC, Bo* 783, traano 9371
New officer* iff the Oroville AKS are WN60KY, pre:
WB6YKQ. vice-pres.; WB6W0C secy lYL type): W6UHI, t r «
WB6VLJ is trustee «f the Wuh station W4AK which hi
belonged t o Ann* huller, an UBS fur many sears* W6VU7
liUS Molinos was hit with the January flood, which uausi
damage to his home in addition to ftfa quad coming down- I
ymi cluha - how tfbout inviting your SCM to one uf vo
itwetings1? t i l even bring Hoc W62KJ along. Traffic: iJai
K<iYBV q j , W8VOA/0 K6YZU WAKYA M f W6VUZ
(Dec.) WIIVDA(6 2 J I , KtiVBV 1 0 l , W B A / J V 6 . (Nov.jWBdZJ

SAN FRANCISCO - SCM, Hn*h C-assidy, WAoAUD. SK

WfrWLV, New OP9s In the section are WfcOtKand W6JJJ, Nj
members uf the Mission lrail Net. " H a m l Wide World" «
cihown at the January Marin Club meeting and received the usi
enthusiastic approval for thia ARKL public relations fit
WA6BY2 made BHL again in January, keeping J o e t coniecuti
BPL string unbroken. He made BHL civrry month in 19t
W6KWE, a transplant from J- land w?s active In t h e u n pari
joining W6RQ, WA6JUV, WfiBIH and WAallJI. WB6Jg^ handl
vuiiaiderahJe traffic tn the January S t T and WaKVQ acted »
1*acific Division control station for the cuinblned operatic
WASH was on tha air from the Marin Club in the SET« handl
une aitual emergency with power lines down, then lost
antenna in the vturcn raging. WAoAMH* In the hvreka area, I
iraivrd up to the Advanced Class license. WB6J0P la a p i n at a
The Sonoma County HEl preparations found some **ti
emergency conditions and twn rruthil^ uniK were sent to I
lower Russian Kiver for handling emergency luvnmunicatk
ivlth flood conditions emstin^ Sonoma County SFI used be
144 and 42o NHz for traffic work. WR6GVC, home from I
Navy. U using Link gear for 2 meter f m . K*Ul<J, WbKl
WB6UJO and WAoAUD were at the bresno t)X meeting held
Jan. The lamalpals Kadio Club held their annual dinner a
Installation of officers in Jan, WA6IVM Is tnoklng for 74-me
OX for the SBHXTC effort. Seen at the gAKuC were KbMH
K6UKT and K6()J(). WBfilMO la heading Novice classes in Mji
traffic: WA6BY/ 4b5, W6KVQ V/6WLV W6BWV I
WBAiyP W6FAX W&P7F I J ^ A f i A U O II.WBfiUVl
(Dec.) WB6JQP W6PZE U

SAN JOAQUIN VALLIiY SCM, Kalph Saroyan, W6Ji

The Delta Amateur Hadlo Club held tts installation dinfl
meeting Jan. L7 with t>8 in attendance. The club meets the .
 Fri- nf each month at 7;3» PM ut the Oan Webiter Jr. High
School. I he Northeru-bout hern California O X mnteittion was
held in >resno Jan. 31 with 223 in attendance, a new record.
\mrwig those attending w r e VV6HYG, WAtAVXP, WfiJPU.
W A 6 J K L . K f t K H l , K o l ' K O , K o Z N J mid WftTlTT. W 6 k * K b
looking for some 420-MHz c o n t a c t * , W f i R R N is on 2 meter*.
VVB6HJP is un 75-211. WftC O B i t Active w i t h the Stockton
3 meter repeater, W A & H C H received the '*5u per-Novice 11 award.
IAI)I>K is s i t i n g in Stuck ton. K 6 A Y A is o u cw, W f t J K J
received 2 J message* from SLJ" enercUok W B f t P B X has 4 n*w
Ctnal amplifier. WNAfc'YII has un HW-16. WBfil M J attended the
S A R O C . W g K T W chased D X during the U X e n test. If y o u are
planning to attend the Pacific Division Convention, to he held
here in hresno, it I* time tn tend in your reservations. A d drew all
cMtnrtiu»U-nfian* t o I-ARC, Box iresno, Calif- Traffic;
WBFTHVA 344. K&KOL 140, WWSCF 113. WBFCZBX 93,
W A o J D B S3* W B h Y X B 12.

S A N T A C L A R A V A L L f c V - KTM* Albert F. (paetano,

IV6V7T. R F C : W A V Z K K M : \VA6LfrA. It Is a real pleasure to
nee NCN activity picking up again, a* in evident by a QNI o f 643
tor the muiith uf Ian. W&BSM to now active on R T T Y and hopes
to get some traffic there fur NCN, A large number here were
active in the s b I . In general all did a great job and the S L I w*nt
well. VVGHVB has been very active on N C N and it Uawnn tn K N 6
Wed. night. W A Y X haa been very busy with Hve antennas
tracking Owjr-S. W 6 U U plan* tn handle the communication* lur
the Powder t*uff Derby that will &tart from Monterey in July.
Lookb tike W 6 Z L U is noing to get hack on the air utter a long
U b w i r r . WHhMWX is (he new pre*, uf S C A R K A . WftWG) has
moved to Apios and is on the air with a vertical from his mobile
home. WBaZSt" has built a new keyer that serais to work well
but c a n t feet up rnr.mgh nerve tn t r y it o n the air. The West
Valley Radio C lub has Uarted its spring cuurms fur Novices and
General applicant* in fceb. Hife sure l> a «ood way to fcrt new
and higher-grade hams. W f t Y H M is rebuilding hK .10-K final
amplifier around a pair uf 4-2 40 A*. Don't forget to *tart your
plans fur Meld Day as early as pouible. The better prepared you
are the better vuti will do as I'm sure past experience hnt shown.
Traffic: W A 6 0 X E I M l . W A R S Y I 0 « 1 W a V B V 34 fr, WAftl l A
237, IV6BVB 146, WFTNW U«, WFTVZT 102, WFTLLFCT 72,
W A b O l h So, W & A U C 48, WABIM 22, W*OU I I , K<-WW
W 6 7 L O I.

ROANOKE DIVISION

N O R T H C A R O L I N A - S C M , Calvin M. Uempsey. W A 4 U q c
SC M: itimes u . Pullman, 4 V T R , S I O W41 V N . K M :
W41RL. I" A M : W 4 A J I . V f l b i ' A M : W41UZ. The N.C. It me Net
haft changed its name to Carolina* Kone Net. It still meets at
JHits kHz at 013(1/ daily. K 4 C I A active in the Jan. C D
party, U 4 1 2 C . fcC fur Bladen county* reports twn tinergency
generator*. W0AVS/4 will be operating from Wright-rtrtterson
XbH, The annual Roanoke Hivwion L U conference will he held
at the Sheraton Motor inn in Ureenshoro. N.C.. during the week
end ot Apr. 18. Special interest groups and I\C% their
assistants are urged to be present, Ihea* tuei-tlngs are v t r y
helpful and 1 nin huro yuu will get a lot out o f them. kjs
real good this year. We now have the Carolina* C.W. Net, an
tdriy and late net which meets OH M i A M 2 3 4 5 / and f U u o Z .
Net schedules fall ilfilly):
Nft hmr yW
.WM 0030 7. 37 WA4KWC
N C W L K Dec.) 3573 OiUOZ (>b WB4GMK
CN(E1 2345Z M4 W4IK!
CN(L» .*57i 0^110/ M WH4HHK
IHtN 1M23 00301 TO WA4VNV
TYafric: W B 4 I C F 3 0 4 , W 4 f c V N JSft, W B 4 M L 1 * 0 , W A 4 V N V 6 7 .
K 4 M C tith W A 4 U g C 4 8 , W 4 W X ^ / 4 4 0 . W A 4 K W C 3 3 . W A 4 G M C
W p A V S / 4 AK W H 4 H U T 30, K 4 T T N 30, V;B4CHK 24,
K 4 V B G 2 2 , W 4 A J T 2 L W B 4 1 I . O 13, W K 4 H U S U . W 4 A L V 12,
K 4 C A X 5. W4I.1I,

S O i r m CAROLINA - S C M , Charles N. Wright. W 4 P C U -

SbCs W A 4 t U . P A M : W4VI-0, R M : W A 4 0 W Y .
ON: kK? Iiy 2 3 4 « / and 0 3 0 0 /
SC'PN: 3 f J o kHz l>y t i Noon; Sun.ubJQ and 1^30 KST
SC SSBN: S t H ? My OAOnZ Januury ITc; 1.14
tn Spartanburg, W 4 N T O reports K4HI3X if> taxiing his home
brew plane: L N O has his antenna polps hut still ts Inactive;
NJS is rebuilding workbench arsd Oan Onm>%an hoiuehrrwing his
f?rst rig while *wditing his No\1ce ticket- 'AU4CUJ reports
Carolina Repeater S«wirty planning tu K utul Z meter
repeaters KtfMly-ai'^ufred sites. Kepeater i n m licensed as
WB4PI N. The uiinu^l Koanoke Oivtsion U a g u e i >rftnah
Conference will be held In Greensboro* N.C. Apr. Anvuue
Interested In League activities K invited to attend. Detail* are
available from W4PEDT WA4EFP or WA4ECJ. If you can't
attend and have ideas or suggestions which you would like
submitted to the group, let us know. Closing date for receipt of
SCM nominating petitions is Apr. 10; details page 87 Feb.QST.
Traffic: W4PED 82, W4NTO 39, WB4CBJ 9.

VIRGINIA - SCM, Robert J. Slagle, K4GR - Asst.SCM:

Albert E. MartinJr.,W4THV. SEC: WA4PBG. Asst. SEC:
WB4CVY. RMs: WA4EUL, K4MLC, W4SHJ. PAM: W40KN. I
regret the necessity of again starting the monthly column by
announcing the passing on J an. 16 of W4GO. WB4DRB is on the
air at college in Williamsburg. Mark your calendars for the
League Officers Roanoke Division Conference at Greensboro the
weekend uf Apr. 18. WA4PBG is chairing. Virginia SET
participation best ever under our SEC WA4PBG, and Asst.SEC.
WB4CVY. WA4VXK active as OBS on vhf and reports a 6-meter
opening into New Orleans on Jan. 18. OO W4HU reported
twenty out-of-band 2nd harmonics in Jan. When did you last
check yours? K.4CGY, net mgr of VFN, reports an average of 27
checkins with some going over 35! WA4FGC has a new SB-101
on air and is operating two stations. VFN meeting planned for
Apr.5 in Richmond. WB4GTS building an SB-220. W4KFC and
WB4DRB both report copying the satellite. W4YZC is up from
the flu: he has the W. T. Woodson High School (Fairfax) Radio
Club going. K4BVE passed Advanced. W4VZR reports regular
RTTY OBSing with K40HW, K4KCX, K4GCM, W4CSR and
W4CTT as regular audience. K4TSJ firing up from new QTH.
Pleased to report W4KAO back after hospital sojourn. W4JUJ
received Trillium Award. WB4GDO also passed Advanced.
W8JM, SCM W.Va., has been active lately in VSBN. W4YZT
made BPL with over 100 origs plus deliveries! Traffic: (Jan.)
W4UQ 464, WB4CVY 357, K.4KNP 298, W7WST/4 260, K4PQL
258. W4NLC 240, W4YZT 231, WA4PBG 213, WB4FDT 176,
WB4GTS 121, W4SHJ 109, WA4JJF 103, WB4DRB 99,
WA4EUL 93, W4TE 89, WB40DN 87, K4GR 85, W40KN 59,
W4TJF/3 55, W4BUW 52. W4THV 33, W4KFC 23, W40BE 23,
WA4WOG 23, W4YZC 20, W4GEQ 19, K4JM 16, WA4NJG 14.
K4LMB 13, WB4IRA 9, W4MK 8, K4VCY 8, K4SUS 6,
WA4YRH 5, WB4HNJ 4. W4KX 4, W4VZR 2, W4KAO I,
K4TSJ 1. (Dec.) W40KN 35, K4FSS 33, WA4YRH 5, WB4GDO
2.

WEST VIRGINIA - SCM. Donald B. Morris, W8JM - SEC:

W8EV. RM: WB8BBG. PAMs: W8IYD, K8CHW. Phone Net Mgr.
WB8AyE, Buckhannon ARC officers: W8WVM, pres.; K8YOD,
secy-treas. I regret to report the passing of WA8JCC of
Martinsburg. WA8ZZ1, WA8RQB and WB8BBG sent PSHR
reports. WVN Phone net reports 33 sessions, 474 stations and
1U5 messages. W8HZA worked South Dakota, No.33, on 1&0.
W8CKX, W8HZA, W8JWX, WA8NDY, WA8SHT, WA8ZZI and
WB8BBG received WVN Net certificates. WVN c w net reports 45
sessions, 286 stations and 122 messages. During SET WVN nets
passed 111 messages. WN8FQB, Bridgeport, is a new Novice.
WN8CPK is operating portable from Florida. WA8NDY holds a
RACES Training net Sun. at 8 AM on 3996. K8BCF and K8LSN
visiting state amateurs promoting the State ARRL Convention at
Jackson Mills July 4 and 5. K8VAJ and W8JM trying to close gap
between Fairmont, Parkersburg and Huntington on 145 fm.
Mountain State Emergency Net reports 8 sessions, 42 stations
handling 4 2 messages. Wheeling Radio Club will hold annual
YL-OM Dinner May 2 at Oglebay Park. WA8PFB built an ssb
transmitter. Traffic: WB8BBG 276, W8HZA 116, WA8NDY 67,
WA8ZZI 57, W8CKX 48, W8EV 42, WA8RQB 38, WA8LFW 25,
W8JM 12, WA8WCK 11. WA8POS 5, K8QEW 4, WB8AQE 3,
K8BCF 3, W8TGF 2, K8TPF 2, W8WEJ 1, WA8UNP 1. W8FZP
1, WA8FZP I, K8CHW 1, WB8AKR 1, K8CFT 1, W8FRO 1,
WA8WIX 1, WA8ZNH 1.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION

COLORADO - SCM, Charles M. Cotterell, W0SIN. Asst.
SCM: Neal Morris, K0TIV. SEC: WA0HLQ. RM: W0LRN.
PAMs: W0CXW and K0IGA. WA0LIK has moved to California.
Many stations throughout Colorado participated in SET With

ARE YOU LICENSED?

• When joining the League or renewing
your membership, it is important that
you show whether you have an amateur
operator license. Please state your call
and/or the class of operator license held,
that we may verify your classification!
The Denver. Knglewood- Littleton, U>velnnd and (.'olnrado
Springs area* put the local organization* thru their pace* in the
SET. GO W?GfL has been aitiw. OVS W0MOX report* «ud
*igs from Oscar 5. KIWYSsent wry extensive ShT reported*\hC
WAjIKLQ ha* been keeping other Uscar watchers informed. r h e
|)rnver Kndxo Club ha* ft new Colorado Ham Directory available.
Denver AKKL met after 3KT end nude plans to improve;
<fUo a 160 meter section net discussed. Will run testt-
.Vnyone interested contact &CM nr KM. DRC will tisve i new
repeater set up un 444. J 5 and 44«i.»5 on Hear Mtn, WjpLKW
took in the l e u meter content; all btates west of Mississippi Klver
except Wyn *nd Ark. WpuWP reports little chance *»f changing
hasn license plate fee* this stulon, FJettion this f*U. K^UiA w
the new PAM for HI-Niwmi net. Net report*: C'CN total ONI, l i f t
(SFT 70), QTC 250 <1091 1071 minutes for 4» *e*«ioru (39ft iO
.sessions) IWN liaison, K#JSP, Klfci'K, K^MKQ,
WApMNL, WfLH mid WAtfPRL ChPN, l/*S/7o ONI J7, QTC
45 (SET) Hi-Noon, UNI 944, Q I C IttcMimt 11J2, .VI sessions,
iririumbine. <>Nt 1142, QFC 140 plus phone catl*, patches uf
201, time IHKk, Traffic: K0ZM- SM, W^WVX 2J9, WAflMNl
17* (NCR, VV.fi & IWN for b b l i , KflDCW ( « J , W0LG
KfMNQ KftX'R WtfUAl W4LKN J7, M T I V 29
hjHGA W^KPH W0S1N T9, M>hL0 WAtfPGM I I
W»LKK W0LCK WfLttW S, WtfTHJ W#OWP 4
KIW'YS/0 I
NhW MEXICO - SLM, lames R- Prinr, W5NUI. A heart)
welcome to the New Year appointment of WASlJJY aa Koutfl
Maxiaper and the addition WsONY to the OO corps. /
correction is tn order: The Jan. listing for Ncwr Mexico N«i
should he A7$Q kHi, 02 Ju GMT, Tu-Sat. Congratulation* and «
job done to those stations that participated in the Simulated
Emergency T«*t. W5TXJH has abided a new antenna tower u
improve station. Welcome to K S t t H . Cannon AfrB, wbou
participation in the traffic nets provide* a valuable link with the
local amateur*, Do unv «f the other military d u h stations
participate in un-the-alr amateur affairs of their atta? KsMAl
has 4u states ronfTrmed on I fro meters. 1 raffle: KSMAT Mi<*l
W5RK I W . WASUJY 10. WAS IWA WSHM'i 32, K5ISJ 2A,
U'SNW WAS J XU l b . WASOHl 10, WAS Ml Y WA5JMC S
UI AH - JiCM, Ihomas H. Miller. W7QWH. SM:: W7WKK
KM: W7QUX. BUN report: 0N( HS6, g r c U 7 , sessions 4.1, tim<
821 mlnutea- The SE1k was Lvuudered successful* Ihls year th<
i'vtrclse vh** ^inducted from the Utah State Civil Ifefenu
Liimmunicatloits Center under direction nf W7WKF, Utah bbx'
Kepresmtatives from state civil defense, hoard of health, medlca
atKociztlon 4nd ambulance aa^uciation supplied the messages ant
problems tu support the ^hercise. It Is estimated that **t
amateurs participated on 40 and 2 meters. Hie SKl"
State f l l C^ommvnieations iMTIeer W7NFT were quite pleasec
ivith the overall results. BUN held forth ewch bom- dunnc thi
evvrclse, providins liaison to TWN and HAN lor the long-hait
traffic. WA7M11- if now .utive on loo meters. K7ZJ$ will h<
QHT until May. K7HPH Hnalty made the grade with the S/lin<
he's been wirklng for, fnr so long. Traffic: W7KM 2A7. W7QC?
140, K7S01 64, W7QWH -II. K K L O U v WN7NHA X
WYOMING - KCM. Wavne M. Moor^ W7CQL. K7NQX
KM: K7KSA. 1'AMs: W7TZK, (C7SLM* OBS: K7SK,Mt K7NQX
W7SUA, K7TAQ, WATFI4A. Nett: Pony hApress. Sun, at V M
on VO, dully at IKJu on JAlo;iackalopa« Mon. thru Sal
4t 121 S on 7?ft0; Wt Net, Mnn. thru Sat. at Ob.iO nti J 9 1 0 ; H
Net. I ^ i i Mon. thru tri. on ^vsu. We all regret foe passing i>
Hal Mapes, W7UXV, un Jan. ^ t . A long-time radio operator, h
urved In the merchant marine m WWl, WW2 and the Korea]
War. Wyoming had a very suixcaful S t l , K7Z!^W appointe
state communications officer for civil defense the fine or th
year and is doing a good job m organizing the kAi'fc&. Th
Koifcy Mountain Hivisinn Convention will be held in tales Far
lime J M * I 4 . Iratflc: R7NQX 42S, WA?CLF M**, W7GM'
220, K7ITH J7ft, K7KSA W7SPA 114, W7TZK Sj
W7HLA 38, W7YWW 32, W7VI1 K7VWA 27, WA7GYQ 2t
K7WRS 14, K7TWK K7uJW 7, WA7AUV 4, K7JF.D J
K7HKH 2.

SOUTlfFASTKRN DIVISION
ALABAMA - SCfM« Ponvld W. Bonner. V/4WLG -
K4Kil>r PA Mi W4HD0. RMs W4HKU- t h i s year's which h
the contest designed to train us for emergency preparedness* wai
a whopping success - I think. At least It b o p all the nets dowi
with handling traffic. I'he extent to which It was successful wri
depend solely upon how much we have learned from all th<
traffic* long hours, QKM, OKN and even some confusion. If yoi
have any Ideas how we can streamline our emergency plan
within the section iur even between section*) please let you
AM, SFCot PAM hear from ynn. The 105th urhlr of incur 4 wn
received by WB4LNM. HU4Al>t/4 is a new YL active fron
Jacksonville State University, it was guite a thrill working t h
C D PARTY THIS PAST TIME. AUHUUUI S E E N U . TO H E V, IURE." IT1! JUST W 4 S M K I M , W A 5 U U B / 4 M L , WH4G1U) 116, FV4JW
TIKE B E I N G A D X . N A T I O N - IT Y<IU HAVE ATI A K K U SPPOLNRMENT RET LIT, W 4 K H W W A 4 H U ) 92, W A 4 S J A K7, W 4 A K U K
IN THERE A N D W O R K THE N E X T O N E . K E E V N T N A T > X A ELECTION RESNLTS: W 4 L W K 4 S J H W S B Z Y / 4 HI, W B 4 B J Y W 4 F P 7,
K4MFL, PEES,; K 4 A F H , W Y . K4HF.T HAS A I ? E W S H - 2 2 0 . TRAFFIC: K 4 G J WB4LFRK AT. W A 4 W Z Z 62, W B 4 H T J AL, W 4 K R C 5
(IAN.) W 4 T V V 2 31, W B 4 L A L 217, W 4 H F U 200, W B 4 E K J 1 9 * , K 4 K B K SI, K 4 U A X 46, W4K.UJ 46, K 4 I K X 45, W 4 B N K 4
W K 4 K D I 19 J, W B 4 L A O 1*9, WA4VFCK 144, K 4 K J D 14), W 4 Y F X 43, W 4 U V O 4 1 , W 4 N U K 40, W 4 Z A K 40, K4YL1£ A
W U 4 J M H 126, W M H J N 111, W A 4 J S M 106, W A 4 U G D KB* W 4 N Y L 31* W B 4 H N L 29, W B 4 L R Y K 4 H S 14, K 4 L P S 2
W B 4 I L Y 71, WB4KJSI AH, K 4 W H W 57, W B 4 N C T $6, K 4 A O Z W B 4 K P K W A 4 L 1 W L*F W 4 I A I A, W 4 L K 13, K4T3LIK 1
52, W A 4 K U I ' S I , W B 4 L C U 4S, W H 4 L N M \VA4TYO JIL, WA4F>.YU 11, W4VI-U I I , W B 4 U U D 10, W 4 S C Y 10, W4SOI
W A 4 N J C 3U» W N 4 0 J 0 23, W4WIX. 21, W B 4 B L X 1 W 4 U G H LU, W 4 U C Z H, W B 4 J J H I. (DECJ W A 4 I J H 117, W U 4 F I Y
IS, W A 4 T M V 11, K 4 U M H 7 . W B 4 K S M 3, K 4 W U G 2. W4C1DK IV, W 4 K O A VTA4WSCZ 15, W 4 V P Q 11, W 4 S 0 M

E-AKIBKN FLORIDA - SCM, JOHN K I'URTER, W 4 K G J -

A*FRT- BCM; ALBERT HAMET. K 4 S J H . S F O W41YT, A*M. SKC:
W 4 S M K . KM*: W41L&, K4EHY FEW), W 4 K W M (KrTY>. J'AM NINTH GEORGIA 0 S 0 PARTY
W41XJ.X, HAM 4 0 : W 4 S D K - PAM V H F : WA4BMC. THE
TROPICAL HUMHOREE WA* A B I G S U C C U A * THIS YEAR. R N H AWL FLLEN
TTIIFI U M T E S T , 4»POTIS<IRED B Y THE L O L U M B U K A M A T E U R Kadlo
WHILE FROM HQ- WERE THE UVK-NINED GIIE*T*. W4JKJH, OUR NEW
VJXUB J N C . , W 4 C V Y , WIN TAKE TFW* FROM W O N R«MT May 0
TO 0 2 0 0 G M T MAY 1 1 , W I T H NO T I M E O R P O W E R R E S T R I C T I O N * .
DIRECTOR WAFT P U T T H M U G H THE * N N G R R AT THE Q U E S T L O N - A N D M N & W C R
MMWUKIR NOW LET'S ALL M A R K O U R CALENDAR* FUR M A Y 2 . * * N D 24 FOR
IT LA PEN TU ALL A M A T E U R S AND Ga.-TO-Ga* CONTACTS are
PERMITTED. STATIONS MAY BE WORKED ONVE <M PHONE AND
THR B I G O R L A N D O H A M F E * T / F M C O N V E N T I O N . T H E 1 * 7 0 S T I APPEAR*
I I I U ' E R M V W U N «R«RH B U N D , F B E E W B A A F E WILL H E ( J S O N R . ,
TO HE A FTHXEVT LOR NUR S E C T I O N - ANOTHER FIRST IN THE ShJ WAS
AND I/FH (COUNTY FOR GA. STATION AND HTATE.
K I T Y URCUIT ESTABLISHED B E T W E E N W 4 A K B IN M I A M I , K 4 S J K IN
PROVINCE, OR L-UIINTRY TOR NTHERS). LO^GJNE INFORMATION^-
TIMPANO HE&I'-H A N D W 4 I K B I N L ' H I P L E Y , W E W E L C O M E M A E A N D AL
DIITEFTIME IN CIMT, STATION WORKED, MKCHANTES, BANDS,
BURKE HACK FOR T H E * » M I H . MAE MADE HF'L FOR J U S T PART O F THE
EMISSION, MULTIPLIERS C L U I M E D , SUGTESTED FREQUENCIES- cw
M O N T H . W R / I / K 4 U F IA ALSO B A C K TOR THE S E A S O N . W E L C O M E ALSO TO
1 8 1 0 7 0 4 0 I40A0 21QA0 THB .(975 7 2 6 0
W2UKK/4* WHO PLANA TO * T A Y . NEW OFFICE* OF VERN HEATH A R C
1 4 2 9 0 2 1 4 1 0 28AOO; N'UVICES . ' 7 2 * 7 1 7 5 7 1 1 1 0 . SCORING
ARC W4KFF., PJEA.; W4I}T\T, RTCE-PR<*,; W A 4 Y F Y * W V , ; WB4-
SYSTEM: A COMPLETE Q S O COUNTS 2 POINTS. OFT. STATIONS
A B X . TRESIS NEW HAIM ARE WN4PJA, WN4PIJP AND W B 4 0 Q V ,
MULTIPLY POINTS BY THE UR, *yf DIFFERENT XTATE* AND
MEW BLA UTV W B 4 I / T T I * (DADE>, W 4 B C / (HIGHLANDS), WA4BW1£
CANADIAN PROVINCES WTJCKED. ( D X STATIONS M A Y HE W O R K E D
I BREVARD I AND W A 4 U U U FMONROE J. NEW KM LAW4ILH. K E G WILL
TOR PUNTS, HUT DO NUT T-OUNT AS M U L T I P L I E R SJ NON-Ga.
GATHER A N D D I W M I N N T E N E W S R E G A R D I N G OUR S E C T I O N C W N E T * . THE
STATIONS U S E the NR. O F G A . C O U N T I E S FOR THE M U L T I P L I E R (a
NOVICE HURRICANE N E T NEVIFC S U P P O R T B A T . A N D S U I T , AT 2 P.M. E S T
P O S S I B L E TOTAL O F 1 S Y T - A W A R D S : C E R T I F I C A T E * TO t h e HIGHEST
I>N K H Z . H E R E I S A C H A N C E TO LEARN C W N E T P R O C E D U R E FOR THE
S C O R I N G STATION in EACH STATE, PROVINCE, COUNTRY, GEORGIA
N|F RIMER* AWO, THE 72AS NET U STRONG OIT SUN.
C O U N T Y . S E C O N D A N D THIRD P L A C E AWFTRD* W H E R E WARRANTED.
W4DLKJ/4, AT T A M P A HAIR, AGAIN R A C K S U P A M U U N T A L N O F TRAFFIC. A PLAQUE TO THE TOP FIEFIRGI* STATION, TOP <>UT-OT-«TTATE
OUT NETS WELCOMED THE CHALLENGE.. K 4 5 J H HAS B E E N APPOINTED ENTRY, TN THE < I A . VLUH WITH THE HIGHEST AGGREGATE S C O R E ,
AITFTI ST'M. HAM NEEDS NO INTRODUCTION; HIS *UPP<IRT OF THIS TOP PORTABLE I>R MUBILE FROM A STATION O P E R A T I N G OUTSIDE
SECTION THROUGH THE YVNX* IS KNOWN TU ALL. W 4 L E P HAS NEW HI* HOME L-IITINTY. THE MAILING DEADLINE U IUNE ft. NEND
2-METER RIG ON IMW ALONJC W I T H THE ANTENNAS TO M A T C H . MUCH Y U U R LOG TO C O L U M B U S A K C , INC., JOHN T. LANEY IT!,
CUNCRRN W^S GENERATED NVRR LICENSE MATE BILL HKITLT. WE K4BAI, T < J $ O LRIS I J R I V E , . C O L U M B U S , GA. 314IVI. INCLUDES
RRRTAJNLY HOPE THIS HILL FE DEFEATED AGAIN THIS YEAR. TRAFFIC: SIGNED DECLARATION (HAT ALL CONTEST RULES AND OPERATING
W3CUL/4 FTZO, W A 4 S C K 5S4, W41U- 471, W 4 V K 1
RRGULNTION* HAVE BEEN OFNRRVCD- A URGE S . A « , E > WOULD BE
(SKLVRW4 W B 4 A I W W A 4 I J H 244, W A 4 H P H 2 4 4 (
NP P R E D A T E D .
VVR4HJ W 234, W 4 T J M 1B3, VV41YT ISA, WA41-SH U S , W4!>FIK
 GEORGIA - SCM, Howard U Schonher, W4RZL - SEC;
WA4WAU. KM: K4BA1. PA Ms: K4HQU W4LRR, W4HYW,
active in l^uWaiu QSU Party and CD Party, would IUm to
reactivate GIN. Any suggestions or help offered* WA4ARS ha% a
r«ruef, WA4HYW a new Drake line. W4TYE added a new ir.
operator Dec. 31. K4Hgl ii back on 811Y. W4LRR hasn't
heard new Uscar yet. W4DQD baa been appointed ant. director.
He took part in Jan. CD Party. Georgia Single Sideband Net,
J975 fcc. daily at 0100 GMT report* QW I0(i9 with 120
mensage* and 2V patches, Georgia State Net, 3595 daily at 0000
and 0300, report* ON! 713 and QTC 46Q, Our sympathy to
W4PDN on the severe Mines* of hta mother, George has asked fm
replacement aa RM hut la looking forward to return to activity
on GSN as acxui at his mother improves. Many thanks to K4BA1
for picking up the responsibilities of the net and accepting the
RM appointment. W4DDY waa very active on 4RN and LAN
during SET. WB4K.VE la looking forward to 1>X and county-
hunting activity. W4UHA is beginning his 21st year of luicnntlnj
with new fm equipment. Traffic: W4RZL 37*, W40V 312,
K4BAI 300, VVA4RAV IW, WA4WQU 165. W4DDY
W4PIM 134, W4UVP 110. W4NSO 108, WB4NQA 84. W4CZN
AS. WB4KVE 32, WB4DMO 31. W4TYE 16, K4P1K Q, WA4LLI
7, WB6U1C 7, W4UHA t . W4REJ W4ISS 3.

WEST INDIES ~ SCM, Jose Medina-Her nander, KP4CO.W*

are widened at therrreparab le losa of KP4IA, Ulises Marin, oil
initiator of radio communication! activity and one who started
guided and Inspired many of ui into the gallant and excellent
bohby c»f amateur radio; He wis a real old-timer who lived
during every occasion to the highest standard of organised radk
amateur Ufa, Let us all improve all our staadars, moral, ethical
and technical, aa a sincere memorial tn his dedication ask
friendship. KP4D1S operates the club station at Sagrado Carazon
and Is third-generation amateur, KP4e WD, YT, RK, AST tall
UX, antennaa and ARRI. DXCC on 7 MHx. Sat. Listen in for x
graduate course on DX-chasing; also included science, titeratun
and philosophy, plus amateur radio. All KP4a wish KP4AVD \
prompt recovery and comeback on the air. Runi-Pineda uf K
Dlarlo de N.Y. reported on Uec, t7 gST (AKRL) West indiei
section notices and offers space for KP4 information. Traffic
KP4WT 103,

WESTERN FLORIDA - SCM, Wank M. butler. Jr., W4RK1

- SbC; W41KB. PAM: W4MQ0, RM-RTTY: W4WEB. Nets;
Met Freq. TtmeiDv Sw. QNf Qf\
Wi-PN 3917 230UZ Dy 3l
3651 0000/0300Z Dy 487 28
NW F I A KM 146.94 0 3 0 0 / U y
A bill introduced in the Ha. Legislature would up the cost o:
tall-letter license frigs from SUCI0 to Hs.00. Make your protest
known 1 Tallahassee: K4GRD was appointed (XJ. Ham's Wldi
World was shown on uh. ft TV. W4MQQ, WB4LOQ, WA4YFC
and WB4GTY demonstrated ham radio at a boya juvenile home
KP2DM ia a grad. student at tSU. Bonifay? WN4PJT U i
graduate of W4JKB'* class at Chlpola Jr. Colleaa. Kuuma City
W4GTJ loined Silent Kays. WB4GAO and WA4VIY are active oi
220-MHc, am, as well as 2-meter fm. Crestview: A 2-meter fm ri\
wb* permanently installed at the Sheriff^ Office open to Iocs
harm J4 hours a day. Fort Waltnn/FgTm AFR: A very aucoassfu
Iprfll SFT was held by h e WB4fcyU. WA4LBM ia now OlS
W4NN, 1SARS station, gut l b hf beam and rotator repaired
thanks to W4FDJ. Playground ARC is sponsoring a Code clasa
Instructors art; W4KVK, K4UBK, W4UXW and WB4NHH. Nei
bam* in the area arc WB4C0R and K6UPH/4. Pensacoia
WA4BYI suffered a severe heart attack, but Is recovering, fti
t'FARA obtained a Id^w. generator through efforts of K4FKV
New hams include WN4PGC and WB4PKR- Trafnc: (Jan.
K4VFY W41KB 258. WB4DVM S3, WB41XK 4S, W4WE1
43« W4^DJ 34. W4RKH 30, W4BVE 28. <Dec.) K4VKY 46J
UK 1 Y/W4 157, WB4IXK 7.

SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION
ARIZONA - SCM, Gary M. Hamman, W7CAF SKC
K7GPZ. RMi K7NH1., PAM: W7UXZ. The Annual A R O
Winter Hamfest was held at bstrella Mountain Kirk *eb. l witl
about sixty amateurs plus their families attending. WA7LPR
K7GHS and K7VOR made the arrangements and K7RKA had i
suvap table as usual. The next hamfest In Arizona is at H . luthil
near Klaptaff iuly 24, 25 and 26. The Art ton* OSO Parry
sponsored by Saguaro High School ARC, is April 2S and 2€
Contact WA71SP for niles. The SKT was very successful wid
about ^O amateurs participating in either a local or the stati
exercise. Anx* Repeater Aiut. officers are K7YFR, pre*
WA7HZ0, >Hce-prea.; K7FSA, rec, secy-; WA7DSW, emu secy,
treaa.; W7(tXZ, custodian. Cochise Amateur Radio i*M Asan
nlfirers: W7AC1, pres.; W7GLN. vice-pres.; W7LLQ,secy.-treas
W7AKU, tech.-dir.; W7EZA, K7UOY, board members. Phoenix
VHF Club officers: WA7FMP, pres.; K7GWL vice-pre*.; WAT-
K J f \ secy.; K71IIV* tress. Asst. ARRL Manager WitKE spoke at
* combined Phoenix VHV end Arizona ARC meeting freb. 4.
K7AWI and K7JNK have agreed to serve AKCA as a repeater and
vhf advisory committee, WA7CGH and W7AKU have new
SR-370 amplifier* operating. W7JU celebrated his 50th anniver-
sary tut a licensed amateur tn Jan. W7DRR was recently
appointed OB8. PSHR: K.7NHL 4#, K7UYW 29, W7CAF 25,
W7UXZ 22, WA7K0C 17. Traffic: K7NHL 455, K7UYW
KTOIS 5«, W7CAF J * , W7RQ 33. WA7DTT 25, W7UX2 23.
VHGbT 2 1 , W70UK 2 1 , K7WUG 20, W7JMQ 16, WA7N8M 16,
W7IU 1 2 , WA7EQC I I , K7CKT H, WA7HUH tt, K7NTG ft,
VV7LLO 4.

HjURTH ARIZONA QSO PARTY

This contest, sponsored by the Saguaro H. S. Amateur
Radio Society, wilt take place from 2100 GMT April 25
tu 2 l o o GMT April 26 ft Uopen to all amateurs. Stations
may be worked twice per bund, once on cw and once on
phone. Call CQ Arizona f>r CQ Test dr -- Aris. The
exchange will be q s o nr., RSfT) and county for Art tons
stations and ARRL section or country fur non-Arizona
station*. Logging information Includes date/time in tiMT.
stations worked, bands, modes and exchanges. Suggested
frequencies: cw 3573 7079 14075 21U75; phone .1450
7275 142SS 2 1 3 7 5 2*600; Novice 3 7 3 5 7 1 7 5 2 1 1 1 0 .
buying tyfctem: Anions stations score 2 points per QSO.
times the number of ARRL sections. All others score 5
points per QSO times the number of Arizona counties
wurked (maximum <jf 14). Certificates will be awarded to
the top scnrer in each section with a second place award if
+ iir inure log* are received from one eection. The mailing
deadline is May 25. Send your log tn Boh Wright,
WA7L5P« 4725 North 70th Street* Scottsdale, Arizona
85251, All stations must submit a statement that all
regulations have been followed and that decisions of the
i-unteit cummittee will bs accepted as flnaL bor a copy of
results, enclose a

LOS ANGELAS - 2iCM. Harvey lJ. D. Hetland, WA6KZI -

Awt+ SCM? honald R. Utherid*e, KoUMV. S t C : WAoqZY.
WNALSB passed the Advanced Hasa eaam while K6KUQ,
W6INH and WB6WIT became fcrtra Clan, WB6MCWis preparta*
an APS-U fnr A TV and plans code sessions with WN6HH1 and
WA6fc.UL, W6NAA logged IS hours with L A . County RACES
and Pasadena C.D. during the Rose Parade WAbJOU la building
a code gem-rating typewriter. K6NA has figured out how to curt
kWM-2 key clicks. WB60tm is now in the Navy. WfiPGH now Is
running on new ttbft filament transformer. WA6JHD has the
TRW club station back on. WAdPXY and WN6LSB finished
J meter converters. W6YRA operated 5 hands /7 In Nev. for the
AKKL DX Test. WfiSKK now is mobile. WA6yAM is active on
10 metm* WttbTQS has SBJ01/WB401 combo. KoAWO Is
preparing 7 Buy Smuts for their radio merit hedges. WB6VZT
plans fnr new tower. W7GAQ was elected secy. «f Hr. l.ee de
t o r m ' s Ch. ill of the Sue. of Wireless Pioneers. W6USY missed
hU first SET In many yean. W6TXJ copies Oscar V, Kb ASK Is
hack on hf banife. WA6(*SV has a new Heath 8B-610 monitor
naope and hum troublea in phone patch. WB6PKA has a 4-1000
rift. WAoPXY has new l>rake R4U. K6NA is building a new
station control unit. WBAYRC U trying RTTY< WA6TWS
fcug&e*ts amateur radio displays tor hobby »hows. WB6PAV
advocates stronger RCC membership reifuiremtnt*. WB60LD has
HT-17. W6MLZ in recovering well from a minor auro accident
WAI-S completed iinother IH-wtek licensing course. bur info on
the W6L3 uoune write LKKC Amateur Radio Club, 2BI4
fcmpirr Ave., Bur bank, San Gabriel Valley RC fanner Meet will
he held I line 5 at Ricky* tn Alhambra. WB6BBO presented a
Valentine program Ux the Mnnterey Park KC. W6/ZN treated
Atm. IntTRocketdyne KC to a talk on transmission line
measurements. KoBfcP took. 1st for L.A. County In the Calif.
o&n Party* RACES in the w t i o n has hem reorganized under
the 1..A. County. New ntflcen uf the TRW AKC are WA6iHl><
pres.; W6KJCZ. vice-pre*.; W6PMV. K6AWO, tress. New
L.A. Council of RC officers are W6UKL ^hair;
vice-nh»ir; K^OMU, Mrcy. KtiF.PS treated Snn Fernando Valley
Ri- members to a talk on "Ham Applications ut Transistors,"
fhrouich Hre Dept. Comm. Omcer, W6KUU, the Palisades RC
got the inside tour of the Tutor City communications facility.
New Sn. CnttL VHP club <ifncerftare WA62NP, pres.; WB6RIV.
"ice-pres.; WB6FSE, treaa. Net activity reports:

Met Freqi Time QW QTV MfrMonth

(MHz) (Ivtdl)
Metro So,4 giUO PM 143 WB6ZLP Jan.
Novice 7 . 1 » in:on AM Sat. 21 2 WAbKZl Jan.
SCN AH) A?JO PM 54.* 749 WfiLCI' Dec.
Metrn 50 4 8:00 PM 3bl >41 WBaZJ-P Dec,
WBoUHF and WBA7VC have started the Nn.Calif. Novice Net on
3775 kHz at 5 KM, Sat* and Sun. Ihe SCM'i addren will be
found on pap 6 or QST, (BPl./PSHR): (Ian.; WA6AHPI
K6ASK 2/0* WRfiKBO 532/3* W6UHG 30/0, WNfiBJP 0/1.
KACl 20/0. W6UUM H/0, WoUQX J7/0. Wfcf D 20/0, KfcCDW
213/0. K6LA 41/0, WN6HJB0/2, WA6HJ 34/*, W6INH 176/0,
WMVC i/0, WB6KGK 22/17. K6KU0 O/K, WN6LSH Jf/2,
WKhKKl 13/4, WB6MH1 Si/9, W6Mt* 4HV/3. WftMLZ 15/0,
W6NAA 3/0, WftUtO 12/10, WBfiOLD S/0. WB*PKA 33/Ot
WftQAfi 208/0, W6KCV 0/*, W*TN 9/0, WA6TWS 1/0, W6TXJ
U/5, WBbUHF 15,^/0. WttUSY ft/0. WBAWDS 15/14, WBftWIT
4/10, WB6ZLP 0/28. (Dec,) W6tD 20/0, W6MLZ 77/0,
WB6PKA 141/3, W6'l N 6/U, WA6TWS I0/0.WB6UHF 19/0.

ORANGE - SOM, Jcrrv L. Ver Dutt, WAoRO*' - SCM;

Richard W. Hlrbeck. XoClD, Sfc'C? i v m o j f t . RMa: W6f, CP,
WbBNX. PAM: WGAKVM. New officers ur the Anaheim ARA,
K6SY1I, arc WHtiGUU, pres.; W6GPR, lice-prcs.; WA&LCZ,
ru^ Mcy^WBbJgX . curr. WB6GWZ, trea*.; KhGSX,
W61KP, WAbKNA WAftZNM, WAciHKW, dir. Ihe club hai nets
on Wed. <PST) at 1930 ou 145.62 MHz. 2030 on 0O.JO4 MHa,
2100 on 7.279 MHz. Ihe Orange County ARC. W6/E, hat alio
started a net on 21375 kHz Than, at 2000 PST. NewQBSaare
WA6LLT and K6GC& WftfiPR is a new OO. An Orange Section
league Official* Net now meet* the f m t Sun. i.f each month at
1000 PST on 396* kHs ssb. Dick Baldwin, W1IKF, Asst. Cen.
Mgr. ot ARRL, ws* guest speaker at a hpeciat meeting in
Riverside Feb. V "The Ham* Wide World" PR film was shown
twice In Jan. un CBS television in Lot Angeles. OO WftVOZ is
busy reconstructing ftis invereted U V M antennas after a 70«mph
wind blew them down. WAbFOQ baa received his WAC award
and was very QKL during SKI. As usual, this section was verv
active during tbe SKI' and WB6COR Is quite happy with the
results, OVS KAYNB scored I2.J00 points In the VMS SS, which
he say* fe the highest score ever recncded by a West CoasL
station. WagYWS has a uew tri-band beam and Is providing Inyo
County outlet on S^N, WoJPX Is the Asst. EC- fur the Victorville
area ajid was presented his certificate by SFC WB6CgR at Che
Victor Valley ARC Dinner Meeting. Send your reports and news
to the SCM by the fifth of the month. Support your local club
and tectum AKKC and NTS net*, (rattle: (JanJ WftU'P J J 3 ,
WA6I-UU 24J 1 WA6KOF I79 t WftBNX 142, WA6MT 24,
W6WRJ 23, WBG1YI 22, WB6ZEC 22, KM>!'4. WA6VWK 4.
(Dec.) K60T,
SAN DifXK) - SCM, Richard ^ Leffler, WA6COL .\ast*
SCM: Ait Smith, W6INL We mlcome to AktC leadership
WRfiiQL hXl for the District. AKtC organization continues
to add new members almost dally. Registration forms are
available from WAtfJOE. WMNt, F<*% and at V/estern Radio.
ARPSC activities included running communications hookup for
the SD Marathon Race at Mission beach area In Jan. iuinp Z
meters. The 75-meter ARPSC group covered Che ion-mile
Borrego Hune Buggy Race In Ian., also, heh. ^uw hoth % and
75-meter c^veragt «>f the 24th Annual Glider Meet. Remember:
ARM- net now meets Sun. at U900 on and un alternate
session ts cm Mon. at l*HHi on 3<jos( Join u*l i'lubs: U Cajon
heard Wfi70M Jan. and George May from Western Standard
tab in teh. Palo mar Club was invaded by members of P.l Cajon
and North Shores In Jan. SOBARS seems to he Rowing nnw. bD
DX Huh met In Dec. at WMAiJLK^, and at W6B2Lt In Jan. New
prc^, is K6CS. WB6BUX was elected pres. »f VHKCIub. Section
News: WN6DAK now is Wb6DAR; W61.RU was appointed RM
to RN6. K6EC m^mitored Oscar during Jan. WAwJOL' is
mnhiling with SB^34. W6APG is now a Silent Key. WA6HGU
finished his linear Sfi-200. WB6SQZ transferred to Riverside
urea. KoPM has new hlue license plates. Don't forget to plan on
tha1 Fresno Convention in May* Traffic: (Jan.) KnBPl
WAVNQ VK3, W6BG11 519* W6LOT 514. W6LRU 24K, KfiHAV
WB6SE.Z 40, VVA6COF' 2% WA6K^N 8, WA6HGIJ ft,
K9?MS/fa A, <p«cj W6YKP R7. WA6hXM 4. iNuvj WAoKXM
P^HR earned by W61.KU, Wftfc.OT.
SANTA BARBARA - SCM. Cecil D. Hinson, WA60KN -
SKC: K6GV. RM: W61TJ. Elected ofTEcers of the Satellite ARC,
W6AB, Vandenberg Air tarce Base, for 1970 are WBfrUAX,
pres.; WN6LBf), vlce-pres.; WAttJgii. aecy.; W6QMV. treas. The
vlub is spouu>red by the Lockheed Company with membership
open to all hams, military and civilian, in the Vandenberg urea.
WAhMGti has. moved to Atascadero from Northern California,
and works with the microwave division of Western tlnlon.
WAbbEl, of San Luis Obispo, has qualified Tor the Public
Service Honor Kola, WA6CPM/WA6URA continues to be a very
active OO for the Lontpoc area, ihe Mike and Key ARC of
CamarJUo hosted other Ventura County Radio Ctubs for a joint
meeting. lines t speaker wv Dick Baldwin, from Headquarters,
and the AKKL mime. The Hams Wide World, was shown to
those I2S ham* who were-prenrnt. Thousand Oak* i* forming 911
amateur radio dub and time interested should ^emtact tieorgr
McCarthy, whose telephone number is 82630, WA6DU haft a
new tour-element homebrew beam up and working UX as welt
abutting topther » SB-401. Traffic: WAtif)£( J.W.

w i s t g u i * 1 or v i s i o n
NORTHERN TEXAS - SCK, LK. Harnann, W5LK - Asst.
SCM: Gene Pool, WSNVU. SKC: WSJ3M. PAM: W5BGO. MM:
W5QGZ. Asst. S W Klex/VHF PAM; WASKHF, During May
Board Meeting W9HPli moved wt have "open" CD Party. It was
passed to Contest Advisory Committee for ictudv. Members are
W6CUIF, l hair man, WlAX, K2CPK, WJGRfr, W8DB, WOKQM.
VE2NN, liaison W4KK\ Hq. rep, W1VYM. Write 'em what ymi
think. Arlington RC Annual Banquet was held Dec. 'ftV with 75
attending, including WSfeYB, W5BNG, WSLR and XYU- WAS-
sRK la a new EC. Richardson RC*a new officers are W5ZSX,
pres.i WASSCtP, vlce-pre*. The dub meets 2nd Mon. monthly at
8 P,M, in the (PL Bldg. KSAEX iays "hello.*4 W5R1D did nnt
have time for the OO job. WM R » not KKC. that's W5JSM of
Hereford. K*UZA, EC Dallas County, mailed letters to *U0
ARKL members in Dallas County and received 104-plus returns-
Garland ARC,. 11th & Austin Sta.. meets 4th Tue. monthly. Pre*,
now i* Carl Jvey, yicr-pre*.; Jim Humey; secy. Jim Wood. Aast.
SCM W5NFO, Hrownfleld, reports the SM was tB and new
stations are WNSADO* V/NSAMG. WN5ANV. Our hum film
made KKLU Channel 4. Dallas. WA5ALT joined A i m . SV5JSM
ran up 23.4K point* in the Jan. CD Party, WSRHfr moved hack
to Tennewwe. SBC lost hia quad in an iceatorm but SET
exceeded all hopes. He needs assistance with his KKC fob. Any
volunteers^ Recap of 5 FT nhowa Muiie (00 messages received
and 40 sent. Nets actively heard included Tex bone
3940, 72V0; III Meters Dallas. ETeatimgcy Net. KSgtCM reports
full attendance WA5TVN Is YX.: fnr Upacomh County- K51UU
Hen demon. Tailed to make SM. W5PL> wants in AREC. Delta
S&B Net meets M-S 6 P.M. CST 340S kH*- W5HMR U net mgr.
kHz crowd has scheduled picnic for Koehler Pavilion,
Brackenridge Park* ^tid (he North Texan Kmergenoy Net, 3»*Jo
kHz schedufcd its picnic for May in Gateavllle. WA5MKV is net
mp. OO WSKYD reports, at does W*t»KN and WSGWK. The
Dallas 2-meter repeater group will meet Mon. at T:30 P.M. In the
Telephone Auditorium with WSt'YB as guest speaker. New
Dallas Amateur Radio Club officers are WA4YAS, pres.* KS-
OQO, vice-pre^ti WASSTR, secy.-trea*.; WA5&XG, program dir.
KM WSgCSZ chaired a staff meeting at ha home ian. if*, with
WASD0P and W5LR In attendance findrevieweddeflcience* of
NTK yearfc opera tion&. WASUFh wants ARiX appointment.
WAShVtt forgot SM. (HiJ. Ireffic: (Jan.) KSBNH 1.117,
WASPPF 41b, WS1SM 1K4, W5QU 87, K5BDC KSL/A 4*,
W5I.R 47, WSHVF 24. W5PBN I*, WA5ggY Q, WA5CiNT g,
WSR1D 8, WAStVS 6, K5M0T 5, WASgWA 2. lDec.1 WAStVS
11.

OKLAHOMA - SCM, Cecil C, C^h, WSPML - At*. SCM:

W,L. "Smoky" Stover, K5CJOV. SF.C: WA5VNN. RM; WSQMJ.
PA Ma: W5MFX, K5Tb Y, WASIUU and K 5/Ci. Iw<« big
ehercisea dunng Jan. proved ven' auccesiful. Hrst was the SIM.
and second the Rubvtla Emergency NcL rhe SW has made a
separate report on each of these. WA5ZVI h » finished a 3D-watt
driver for 432 MHa. WA5LWD » proud owner of a new Clgnet
270. WA5WKA says he should make Advanced Class thi^ trip.
WN5ZA1 was recently on TDY in San Antonio where he held
nightly schedule* Kith hia wife, WNSZWa, in Mid West City.
New officem or the OL'VHF Club are W ASJC1U, pres.; WAS fRb,
vice-pres.; WAiPUH, mlv.; WASVIL, treas. New oftlcers or the
Wheat Straw Amateur Radio Cluh are WA^PFK, pre*,; WA&KB1,
vire-prea.; K5(>BN, *ecry.-treaa. New nfficera oi the tulsa ARC
are WSl-RV, pras*; WSPYA, vice pret.i W5NOO, accv. New
otfleers of the ACARC are W5HXL, pres.: W5Fh\ vire-pres.:
W5DV, wst. to prea.; W5KK, sei-y.-treaii. Hie above officer* of
the ACARC are allfcxtraCivs. Net roster and net reports;

to* Fr*q.(k/Iz) Time(Z) Sett. y.Vf Q'itT

OPEN J91S 1400 Sun. 4 177 Iv
OPON JMJi >J00 M-f 21 44
STN 1 MSO 23JO M-S 26 .470
STN 2 J913 2.130 M-S 26 4KKU
OWXN J9I* <H101 r.Kvn, 2A
OLZ Jo»2.4 0100 T-Sun 20 - 51
SSZ ^K2.fC QMS T-Sun 14 37
Traffic: K5TEY 1463, WA5YRO 244, WAShSN 104, WSQMJ
74, WSMFX 67, WSPML 41, WASftKH 45, WAS ZOO 4S,
W2FIR/S 35, KSWPP 30. W5FKL WASWRA 14, WAsLWD
KSZOB 13, WAStjJ'J 4. KSOCX 3.
 SOirrHFRN T E X A S - - NCM, Jerry Sear*, WSAIR -
S E C : WSUQii. ?AW: W5KLV. KM: W5F7Y- New Nuacea
County EC It WASTRY, Corpus ChrUtt. following resignation of
W5AQK- Congratulations to Holland an excellent communica-
tion lendershlp us EC through many hurricanes and other
emergencies during the past years. S E T m a t e d a beehive of
activity in South Texas. T E X and RN5 were loaded. W5KWU,
R*d Cross Houston, |MMd traffic to mobile bus W 5 F J U near
Angeles on 73 rnetert, West Gulf Emergency Net. Traffic:
WSQJA 137, WSEZY 17«, KSGDH 140, WSKWU 124, KSROZ
l i f t , K.5H7-R 9-i f W7WAH/5 W5ABCJ ttH, WASQfCE 5ft,
KSM>N 38, WSAIR 37, W5TFW 31, WAS1XI ( J , KSWYN 8,
Kl PKO/5 5 . W 5 A C 2* W 5 K L V 2 . Total IVOO.

CANADIAN DIVISION

A L B E R T A •• SCM t Don Sutherland. V E 6 F K - PA Mi

VE6ADS, VHF CAM Calgary: VE6AWV, The S E T did not tax
the AP&N enough. As usual there w?re some weak points* but
most of the net operations were m i l handled. The N c stations
did a tine joh. Vita A P reports that 20-meter traffic moved easier
than former years. Calgary EC VE6AI* K was disappointed m the
Calgary participation, However, the station at Simpson did a fine
PR j o b . VE6XC did a fine job of moving traffic. VE6HN and I
enjoyed a visit to the very hospitable Vulcan Radio Club.
VE6AHE has been doing smne extensive vhf rebuilding. He is
looking for Rome serious competition In the June VHF Contest.
VE6MX on Jan. 21 wis heard on 2-meter fm Simple* h i
K 7 U J V , Swectgnun, and V M A S U i-oremuit The Calgary vhf
. group hq* been warking with the Southern Area vhfert regarding
j repeater frequencies. Red Deer Is «1so progressing with Its
repeater. Sounds like u 2-meter provincial net may sunn he
possible. I deeply regret to report the low of VE6AUH,
ex~Vfe.$KS, In a skiing accident. He will be greatly missed by the
Bishop Grandin HS Radio Hub. traffic: VE6XC 73, VFiSAV 54,
VEfiFK •?.». V M b S U , Vfc6VF 10, VI-6TY 7, VF,fthV 4 ,
VE6HN 4 , VK6UL VE6HD 3, VKAXO 3, VE6YW ,4, Vfc.frtS
2. VE6MA I.

BRITISH COLUMBIA - SCM, H. fc. Savage, V E 7 F B - British

Cnlumbia Amateur Radio Public Service Corps Net meets on
3 7 5 5 kHz at U2U0Z seven days a week now and nightly check-ins
are over the fifty mark. We have a large number in sick hay:
V E T n i J . V E 7 K Y , V E 7 0 C , V E 7 B J , V F l f J T . B.C.-KM. Com-
munications A*»n. held a successful meeting and large display
iind talk uu new equipment. Membership now is 125, the third
newsletter had some very good 2-meter hints. VE7RKQ has a jr.
operator, V F 7 B B also has a Jr. operator, VK7BAZ has been
entertaining skunks under his. *hack; operates a socio* buoy
transmitter on 2-meters. Vfcjfttt is now V E 7 0 R - VE7QQ reports
a ball on 160 i)X von test. Richmond ARC is donating power
supply. North and West Vancouver ARC, an Identifier for the
r*J4 repeater for the B.C.-KM, Communication Assn. H B 9 A 1 E ,
formerly VE7UHC member, reports Zurich has a repeater on 4 3 2
and uses taxi ritf. VCTEKft mother, VE7TH, has now kilned
gCWA. Beaver Valley ARCS paper Uicks is a fine effort. North
and West ARC Ham of the Year Award went t o VF7HVH.
Traffic: VE7KZ a * , VE7HLO oo, VF7RQA 4 9 . VE7QQ 4ft,
VE7AC 2 8 , VE7BZA V E 7 U , I S , V E 7 S E 14, VE7C30

MANITOBA - SCM, Keith Witney, VE4E1 - Aa of Feb. the

only regular bulletin Is the Manitoba Amateur which absorbed
SPARKS and QUA. Present plans call for a bi-monthly publica-
tion with hopes i>f Increasing this to a monthly fine. The
Winnipeg Repeater Society has acquired a repeater station to go
with it* new site* Guar S is being tracked by the 4UM gang in all
weather - needed, one Armstrong rotator. Our SEC pulled a
successful S E T out of his hat for those who participated. There
ure two hamfests this year, Mid-Continent at the Peace Oardens
and the centennial one in Winnipeg. Watch for details. WARC
had an Interesting talk ou the early daya o f xpark. VE4RW
reports that linear ICs are being toyed with in Brandon on
several projects. VE4* CN, f O , E K MB, f l are working on slow
scan with good results being reported. Remember MTN is now
tm 3660, Traffic: V £ 4 b Q I i 6 , V E 4 R O 71, V E 4 K E JO, VE4YC
25, VE4XN 1 2 . Y P 4 N E i n . V E 4 K L 1 0 . V E 4 0 J 9, VE4JA »
VE4SW i t VF4I.Q 4 . VE4CR 3. V E 4 J K V E 4 Y Q 3, VE4MB 2 .
NAM I* A 2, V F 4 R B 2 , V E 4 T E 2 , VE4FU 1, VE4WT 1.
 MARITIME". SI M, William J, Gillla, VFINK -L>bC: VL111J.
On Feb. 4 the town of MaryavilJe. N, U., \vt* cut off from all
road avttft und telephone communication wut because of
flooding «.»n the Nashwaak. Kiver. emergency net was
Immediately up with VTflTC ;w the anchor &tattnn. Vfcl HM
bandied numberoua phone pate he* with W i s AUB. AIM, AUK*
Al*b, Vl>, AMJ, AQU, and many others, all cuiitxibutlniE to the
handling of ihu traffic* Much of the traffic trom police and
municipal authorities regarding thr Mfety of citizen*, rtc. Alio
through the effort* of Vfcttffc and V t l l X t u the Maritime Net
ttequenry, J7Sn, tus cleared fur nil hut emergency tratfic. this
Is certainly J. commendable effort bv all concerned ami, in
addition to rendering a valuable service, ftave much favorable
publicity to amateur radio. LjjiiEWt* to VFI Alii on suo-t^ully
passing (he en am. V t l PI lu» been appointed net coordinator for
new Moncton Area 2-meter mobile net VEIAOH reports new
linear under construction, ftafflc: V L 1 K 0 203, V M A M R l i u .
V t l AMB 15,
ONTARIO - SCM, Kn> A. White. VEJUliX - O u r l<eh. </4?7"
M/lumii tp. KW»> credited sponsorship of the KSO Convention in
Toronto to the Scaiburu Amateur Radio riub, This should hive
hern the Skywfde Amateur Radio C'lufc, J'ratflc: V f c ^ K F 2*9,
VKJttUX V15.HW 216, VE3GHU 313, Vt'tt'KU I80t
VJttUI Jfr1* VF3JW> liB, VK3fcWU IJ**, VF3FBI! v>0, VhJ-
Ittfl. VKJIXI 74, VE.V.'I.B 4 * VK.tMJ VLJVtl V,
VJi3AVK ilier.I VE-tt'VH 100, V t JAVH 4«, V£.4KVN 40.
QUEBEC - SOM, l. W. lhe>, V M o J - Many VM*
participated In (he 147a OX Contest, <ln« observation, the
amount ot deliberate jamming ua (he 75-meter band t* appalling.
Vt;2Kr, technical director for MAkC* has created * very
Interesting technical net on 715.1 kHz Sun. ut II A.M. Such
things as Oscar s, HX antennas ami solid state device* have been
discunsni. breezing rain has taken ita toil ot antennas, Vhlht
and VC2CTEC bring among the Inter*. VL2AJU U mrlromed to
the traffic nets, lMe ni»re repeater station, VK2MT, has *
I weekly net - "lu*. at 7; JO KM, (he Annual KAc/i Convention
will be held in Quebec t.lty July lu-1 M 2 . II est temps de penter
a vos vacauceil 11 est temps dc faire de* promts pour lea inois
d*ete. Le» plus hell™ vacanc** coninieturent par vntre presence er
CELTE dr votre E T P N U T E HU C U I I ^ E * Hrovtnciol de KAQI a Quebec,
lc* 10, II ct 12 Juillet. Vene* von* mniuierl Vene* rencontrer
vtA aiius tftittteursf Toux tv* du mondc a Quebec le 10
JuUlet. Le Conpi^ provincial dc i.ette aiuiee v»u« renetve de
sucprises et UR programme BI^n prepare. Trarric: V't'3BVV 17.1
VlilKHU 1 AS, VK2ALlt Vt5DR K7, VK3CIJ A3, V b ? ^
24- VIf2APT I VK2DW ft, VK2EC 4.
SH OND VT2 CONTIi'iST
This v^ntest, sponsored by the Kqdio Amateur* nf
Uuebe^, KAQI, will take pbcc from liuu to OMhi (iMT
SiuuJuv April 26 iphnneiand I t ioo t " ntiM) <.»MTSun*lay
May (cw), unlv 9 hours of each l 2-hour period mny be
lued. 1 ime spent oprmtinj mint be clemly marked In 1oftv
It a open to YV? or table Vh? stations onlv- Htution*
m^y be burked once each h«nd. t'ru^vhnnil contacts
ure nut valid. Call CQ VV?. (he exchange villi h« KsH),
year licensed and covmlry. I. tr^na information: Precede
inf. information plus uwual detalU. Sijiriny system. A
* tut inn may be tanked once <>n euch band tor I point,
with the exception of the In KAul directors. Each of the
H>«t Que bet- imiiitie* <rnunts as a uniltlplli-r. That multi-
plier may be tuuiited only <>ni'e r«nurdleas tit the ha mis
uM:d. bach of the in KAUl directors wilt he issued 4
special 2-letter identifier in place of his uiunty. I'hls will
i'oiiut 5 points tor the ^mitict and givr* une mure
multiplier for each of thr directors worked. Awards will
be presented to the atnnvn In )uly at the KAgl
Convention in Quebec Cftv. Vnd vmr toy r« KAcji
C\mtest CIM limit tee. O.I1.: 124, Mont-Joli* Quebec,
(.An ^ da*
SASKATCHEWAN Guriton tarw, VVMV - Wvi VE5t u,
HA Mi VI&SH/. LJO»! Vt5MOand V t f K F , OBS: VKSHanVSss
VFtt'tf and Vf'517B. nfts- Okia: YVMiL and VF5SC.
KM: rris: VK^nn, v ^ s t o , v k s b u , VI^NX. VLSIL.
Kepna Hamtrst, July 4 ^ND S- The SHT VKW ONE the best
vet I'fie total point* iwrc ^ I ft- Thi* ymr m
iuenrded HKO points, a 7U(4 increase. Ml sections took part and
nil sections reported. Most aipntflc^nt 1 >t allf there M49 411
Increase of 4if^ in indivldiml participntlon over last year. Well
done, Saskatchewan! We expect to he able t<* nnnroinre a new
Saskatchewan hirtv aoon. We alsu ate contemplatlne d nala
Fwnt for .Hasiutrhew<m^ Homer»imnf; SV itch fur
details later, Iraffhv 4Ag. VMVrt VISSC Sh,
i'EftK/ VK5BO (V, VK511/ IA VfcSSN J<i» V M M *
VtSKO A, VFPHt 4, VRSKF. 4, VfcSM 4. VF.ft IA ^ VfcSXG 2,
m v k 2. gi^i
May 1970
75 Cents
 STAFF HAY 1970
JOHN HVSTQON, W1LVQ
Editor VOLUME LIV NUMBERS
E. LAIRD CAMPBELL, W1CUT
Managing Editor PUBLISHED MONTHLY, AS ITS OFFICIAL JOURNAL, BY THE
DOUG DE MAW, WlCEft AMERICA** RADIO RELAY LEAGUE INC., NEWINSTON, CONN.. E7. & A.
Acting Technical Editor OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION
WALTER F, LAHGE, W1TOS
ROBERT E. ANDEBSON, K1TVJ*
-CONTENTS-
GEHALD h. HALL XIPLP
DOUGLAS A. BLAKE5LEE, W1KLK
feten* Teeizafcai Editor*
EDWARD F- TTLTONT, WIHDO rrczrMCAi-
V.tf.J. Aflior
Tte "2-Meter QRF Mountain Toppw"
LEWIS G, MnCOY, W11GP Richard Frein, W7HCV 11
Bepianer and Noricm
ROD NEWKIIUC. W9BRD A Nearly Full Size, Rotatable, Two-Element Quad for 8 0
WILLIAM SMITH, JUfCEEL Meter* Jo* H*rtxber&, X3JH 16
LOUISE MOREAU, WB6BBO
JOHN TROSTHl W61SQ The 1C-TT Generator Douglas A. BZafcss/ee, W1KLX 21
Contributing Editor*
Some Tips on Solid-State VFO Design
Advertising Manager Doug DeAfaw, W1CER 26
EDGAR D. COLLINS A Lightweight 10- and 15-Meter Beam with 8 Elements
Advertising Assistant on Each Band Richard CL Fmnwick, WSKTR 34
1. Ar MOSKEY, W1JMY Gimmicband Gadgets:
Circulation Manager Let's Talk fransUtors, Part VII.. * Robert E. StoffalM 3 8
CARL E. SMITH, W1ETU
AkMiMtant Circulation. Manager A 1-Watt Solld-State Audio Module 42
Technical Correspondence * 44
*• Oa military loave of obtmnce
Recent'Equipment:
OFFICES Communications Associates Inc. CF-8 FSK Converter/
226 VAalxiStrattt Keyer Heath; EP-28 Regulated DC Supply. * 46
Newinatoa. Connecticut 06111
03-666-1641 An RC Active Audio Filter for CW
Subscrlptiou rate 47.A0 per yw no*i- We* Hayward, W7ZOI 81
otd, fund*, In Cauudft wwi 1)3.;
£I & vAwwhm. AKEUj Meioboitiifp,
udmti n* available only to
Individual* irilh * bona,tide1nttr«a BEGINNER AND NOVICE ~
In lumtteur nwtw $B.an per year.
IJ.H, funria, in Cutituln aud U.tt: >7
eJacwJicre. Hingii* nciplen, 76 uunt*. A Solid-State Selectoroid.. * .Lewis G. McCoy, W1ICP 30
Foreign remittance* htiouid b« by
International vo»*al ur r&pro* monev
urter or bauk draft mtoiiable in the
aod for ail e<iuival«nt amuuut
In IJ.fc funds. OPERATING—
Hrond-olftflB pwUuw lwUd at Hartford,
Coiiiu and at add ltl< it ml mailing ooices. Rules Eor the 1970 Field Day 60
CopyrlKbt l«7ft by the Atrwrlran Ra-
dio fteiay League, inc. ntl^reRistercd VHF QSO Party Announcement 63
at Urtf. Hatwit Offlnp, tTiternattimiit
muyrlgbt aoeured. Ail rights reserved.
(junta* T&MTHftm ittdu* lw tUr&Jto*. Field Day and Emergency Preparedness 64
Printed in U.B.A.
1970 Armed Forces Day Communication Tests
INDEXED BY Applied Science and
Technology India*, Library of COIL*
qxon Catalog Card Noj 21*9421
A New Index of QST Items on Commercial Gear
QST oi.'tt covxn BWWagoman, WdBUR/KSMAT and
Carol Wagaman, W0HQH 88
ICa atid MOS-
KKr-t form Chlwtxan* City 1/.S.A.
the electrical Norm Zoltartk, WA3FQS 76
foundation for
the equipment 0
likturen i»n ARHL QSL Bun 73 •It Seems 4»Us.
this iunnfh*H ARF8 * 84 10
cover, Full Coming Conventions. i.iK.L.. 71 New Books 88. 41
detailn oil this Corraipond^nct From Munbars 74 Operating News.
i-meter a-nt Feedbdck 33.88 Sil«nt Keys
traiiHt-riv^r Haafast Calendtur...i 69 Station Activities... 93
jjre irfv^fl in Happening* of tixe Month-Mlll 70 World Above 80 Mo..... 82
the story on HinftsA Kinks 86 W1AW Sehsdule 92
page 11. How's DX? 77
IARU News 72 Via News A Views. 88
ladaitoAdvffbMKtiKi 142 SB and 80 Years Ago in Q8Tm.. 84
THEAMERICAN DIRECTORS
Canada

RADIO RELAY
N O E L R. EATON* . VE30.
Box MU, Waterdown, Ontario
Vfee-Mrrem: A.Georjre Spencer VR21CI
171 Kipling Ave:, BeaconsiteUI. Quebec
Atlantic Division

LEAGUE, INC.,
H A R R Y A, MfCUNAOHT. W3KFC
VTuH Veuyrty Ur„ Potomac Hetheola, Md. JAI034
lfc«-/tfrector;Jen* Bieberman W3K1
K U 1, Valley Kill KdL, Ms]vera, Pa. 1 m S
Centra/ Division
it a noncommercial association of radio amateur*/ bonded for
J'lllUt* E. H A L L E R WSttlFG
the promotion of interest in amateur radio communication and fiixiu H. Tripp Ave., Chicago, UL 60629
experimentation, for the relaying of messages by radio, for the I'SfW?r; A. Mrttot,., WQPRfti
J5S0 South Fourth tit.T 3pr1c«Hc!d, iltlholH H27iX
advancement of the radio art and of the public welfare, for the
Dakota Division
representation of the radio amateur in legislative matters, and for
C H A R L E S a OOMPTON* WtfBirc
Hie maintenance of fraternatism and a high standard of conduct. Box 226A U.K, 1„ Bouttl Bt. MUui. M075
It Is an Incorporated association without capital stock, chartered Vfe* Wrtftar: Larry J.Bhlma W$J HAW
11417 Uoodrlrh Rd. B„ Bloomlntton, Minn. M W
under the laws of Connecticut. Its affairs are governed by a Board
ZTefta £)tfvieloji
of Directors, elected every two y e a n by the general membership* M A X ARNOLD W4WHW
The officers are elected or appointed by Hie Directors. The League 612 Hog&n Rd., Nashville* Tenn, 37330
Es noncommercial and no one commercially engaged in the manu- IVce/ifwtor: KranUIn C&wn W4WBK
N't Trexevaut BL, McirmhU, Twin. 48108
facture, sale or rental of radio apparatus is eligible lo membership
Great Lakms Division
on its board*
A L B A N A, M I C H E L WSWC
" O f , by and for Hie amateur,1w it numbers within its ranks practi« ASA Bonham R<L. dnekmatJ, Ohio 4021A
colly every worth-while amateur in the nation and has a history of Vice /Hrfffer <?isrrln L. Bkutt.,.. UUFHft/KKKPT
119 N. Foster 8L, I«iudnga Mich. 48013
glorious achievement as the standard-bearer in amateur affairs.
Hudson Division
Inquiries regarding membership are solicited, A bona fide H A K K Y J. DANNAIfi*. . WttUR
interest in amateur radio is the only essential qualification; owner- 19 Arbor
1
Lane, Ulx HUU, N.Y, X1744
i'ir^ O/Mr/Af. Htan j&ak XBftjn
ship of a transmitting station and knowledge of the code are not Jennifer l4tfief i"bct (Thester. New Vork lUff73
prerequisite, although full voting membenhip is granted only to
iVitfirMfPiviifon
licensed amateurs. MT7MNER H. FOSTER W0Oq
All general correspondence should be addressed to the adminis- 1! J to CobUiL's OulLy Dr., tUfi., Cedar Raoldfl. low*
£2403
trative headquarters at Newingtotv Connecticut 06111. VU+lXTftW Halpli V. ABd«rwwi. ,K0NL
o2K Moataoa Ave,, llolton, KanBRs ttotiO
ATevr £!ngidii<f DiviM&an
R O B E R T YOKT7 C H A P M A N W1QV
HIRAM PERCY MAXIM* W1AW, 1914-1936. U8 Houth Rood. C«ro(oav Conn. 0B34O
EUGENE C. WOODRUFF, WBCMP, 1936-1940 Vic Director:
GEORGE W. BAILEY, W2KH, 1940-1*52 Narthwrnatmrn jUviilou
GOODWIN L DOSlANDj WjRTSNi 1952*1962 KUBEHT B. TttUKBTON.., - \V7P<IY
HERBERT HOOVER, JR. W62H, 1962-1966 77iHi £tin( Ave., N.^deatUe, Wash. UH11A
Via^hxTHi**: David o. Kennptt W7QLE
Box 4&&, Bu Helena, Ore. U70&1
Pacific Division
Prerfdent ROBERT W . W N N I S T O N + W 0 D X
J. A, Dfk 1 O M E U N W«ZRJ
Box 7 3 , Newton, Iowa 5 0 2 0 8 H183S Wlllowbrook Way, OapcrtUio, VallL VA0U
First VJce*PreiWerrf . . . , W A Y L A N D M . G R O V E S , * W S N W Hugh ( M d y * WAHAUD
77 CoIemtKi ur.t San KaCael, Calif. &4UU1
1406 West 12th Street, Odessa, Texas 79760
Vice-President ROEMER O . BEST, W 5 Q K F fioanoJbe Division
VICTOR O. C L A R K * W4KFC
Secretory JOHN HUNTOON, W1LVQ 23927 XVipcfl HewI Head, Clifton, Va. 32094
Viu-ntr&tar: U IliH Wlclwr W4ACV
Treasurer DAVID H. H O U G H T O N m i Hill Top Rood. OrertiBboro, N. 27407
225 Main St., Newington, Connecticut 06111
^ooicy Mountain DSvision
C \ R U U HMITTT WVBWJ
Uffn Locust BU, Uenver, Colo. Hil33D
Vltv-MrtHon ThntvtM Hanks WAIIJ
Mixi Momman, .Ubuouerque. N. Kl, «7t)0
Honorary Wce-PreiWenf - , FRANCIS E. HANDY, W1BDI
Son/Aeoefem Dfvitioii
K< D A L E STRTETER, J . 1V4DQB
U2H iTlnldad, Cocoa Ha. 33981
G+tma! Manager , JOHN HUNTOON,* W t L V Q Virr-ntrfetor: c&arieH J. Bolvln K4KQ
• « •
TilQ M.W, 27th Lane, Miami, fla. ^3133
Communications Manager . . . .GEORGE HART, W 1 N J M
5ovfAvi«f«s Division
Technical 0/rector . . , . G E O R G E GRAMMER, W T D F JOHN R. ORTCJOS ,W6KW
Auiitanf General Manager RICHARD L B A I D W H W1IKE SI33-B Opal tllrrt*. Hiititfiwnm Bearb.
California U1M47
Asuitani Secretaries . . . FERRY F. WILLIAMS, W 1 U E D iUr^nmvJor: Arnold MahJman.,,, f ., ,.. WttURI
I4HKI Hartlaod BL, Vau Nuya, CaltL V140A
W M . I. DUNKERLEY, JR, W A 2 I N B ROBERT M. MYERS, W1FBY
West Gulf Division
725 Main St., Newlngfon, Connecticut 06111 ROV T- AliHUIGHT Wfi£YB
JuT Row»nary. Han Antonio, Tcxai 7k3im
Viu-Director: U liar bin W5BNG
1Mb t ^mcmt. Fort Wortlw Tcxaa 70107
Generof Counsel ROBERT M . BOOTH, JR., W 3 P S * Memberttcecutlv*Committee
1150 Connecticut Avenue, N. W v Washington, D. C. 20036
Awoeiat* Cowtief . . . - . ARTHUR K. MEEK, Q.C., VE3RX
«<•!*> •)<}10 it i n . . Cl U l — T 1 A.I.J.

"It Seems to Us...'
T N ANSWER to our own question leading
off last month's editorial discussing postal
delays in delivery of QST> and simultan-
eously with the appearance of the April
issue, postal clerks in major cities went on
strike! Kven after a fairly-rapid settlement,
an embargo remained on post office accept-
ance of second-class mail (magazines of all
kinds) to certain mqjor metropolitan areas.
But meanwhile we have obtained some
additional information on the current
mechanics of Post Office Department hand-
ling of magazine mail, particularly to the
west coast. (See "Correspondence" this
month.) It appears that the target elapsed
time from placing copies in the mail at
Concord, New Hampshire (almost invariably
the 20th of the month) to Los Angeles and
San Francisco is 7 or 8 days. According to
correspondence, and complaints from mem-
bers, this is largely a Utopian objective,
seldom attained. And apparently it does not
apply to the entire west coast. Two irate
members in Washington, very critical of the
League for QST delays, inquired through
official post office channels and were told it
requires 20 days to get the magazine to
Seattle!
The Post Office Department does have its
problems, certainly, and some are not of its
own making. Until recently, airmail went by
air and first-class by train. The traditional
mail car was a part of almost every passenger
train (often with postal personnel sorting
mail enrouteK plus an additional car or cars
containing other classes of mail. The train
schedules were fixed and dependable, and
one could predict the delivery not only of
first-class mail but also mail of other classes
(including magazines) with reasonable ac-
curacy.
The rise of airlines as a basic means of
transportation and the deterioration of pass-
enger train service has caused a great change
in the pattern of mail distribution. Airlines
are handling the bulk of first-class mail, and
so the mail cars have come off whatever
trains are still running.
Much of the second-class mail such as
QST now moves by truck, although a lot of
it is piggy-back on railroad cars. But it
r-sa^.Vv-V:''"./^''?
I, ^ - ,• , - - J
j 1 < ^r 1
appears that few of the cars run direct from,
say, Boston to San Francisco. Instead, there
are a number of transfer or switching points,
and delays are introduced at each one. So,
up to 20 days may elapse between the time
QST leaves N* H. and the time it arrives at a
west coast area terminal. Then, the truck-
load has to be broken down into deliveries
for the various cities.
Whereupon we run into a second problem.
The postal service is inundated with mail.
First-class mail, advertising circulars, news-
papers and magazines. And the way this mail
is handled at a local level varies greatly. If a
local carrier has a heavy load of first-class
mail on a particular day, some of the
magazines may, at his discretion, get left
behind for another day. Or, if a distribution
center gets loaded down, the magazines may
be held up for a day or more, before even
being sorted. A day here, a day there, and
pretty soon your QST is two weeks late, or
more.
What to do about it? Well, first you're
going to complain to us. We know that!
We'll check your membership record and the
Addressograph file, to make sure that a copy
was indeed mailed to you at a correct
address, in many cases we will have to
duplicate the shipment, on the assumption a
copy lias gone astray. (We are getting so
many complaints currently that it takes the
entire time of one girl to process each day's
complaints about QST delays.)
What elite to do? Complain to your
postmaster. And complain to your Congress-
man, The subject is " h o t " in Washington
right now. Perhaps a corporation will be
formed to handle the mail, taking it out of
political hands. Perhaps postal employees
will get a much-deserved raise, hopefully
increasing performance. Perhaps new equip-
ment and techniques will speed the process.
But in our view there will be little real
improvement until the public in sufficient
quantity gets angry enough to demand bet-
ter service. As one small-town postmaster
told an unhappy A R R L member, " i f this
QST magazine is as popular as you claim,
howcum none of the other 35 recipients in
this town have ever complained about the
same late delivery?*1
Food for thought . . . H5£=I
 League Lines.. .

International amateur radio continues to organize and plan for the future. Region O
(North and South American) IARU society officials will meet in Jamaica during the
week of May 17, with much of the discussion centering around preparations for the
space conference which will take place in the early summer of 1971.

When appearing for an FCC exam, to avoid suspicion take along any writing imple-
ment you wish except a yellow lead pencil. We're not entirely kidding; seems some
enterprising character got access to commercial exam questions and devised a sys-
tem of scribing coded answers on the sides of two yellow pencils. Price for a set:
$300* FCC's staff has long been wise, switched the order of the questions; flunk-
outs didn't get a refund, we understand!

Some reminders of recent rule changes: Ex-amateurs are eligible for Novice licenses
if they've been away a year or more. . . . No dual holding of Novice and Technician,
where the Tech license was Issued since fanuary a year ago. * . . The first hundred
kHz of the 144 Meg band is now for A-l only. . . . Ten-meter RTTY is now on fre-
quencies between 28*0 and 28.5 MHz. . . . Amateurs Living near airports can now
have antennas twice as high as formerly, and more if a taller structure lies between
them and the runway, . . . Visiting DX armed with reciprocal operating permits may
boEiow your equipment but not your call, or your club's call either. . . • Canadians
have rules on a case by case basis for repeaters, and for beacons, applying in each
case through the Regional Office of DOC. . . . New citizens who were hams in "the
old country11 can count their longevity toward the two years needed for Extra Class
eligibility, and if Extra Class, toward the 25 years needed for a two-letter call. .
• . Deadline for commenting on FCC's rulemaking proceeding for repeaters is May
15* . . , Watch "Happenings of the Month" regularly for news on the amateur scene.

We invited a number of political and scientific figures to a briefing at the Talcott

Mountain Science Center on the performance of Australis-Oscar 5 — and later read
in another ham magazine that it was a "victory party'1 for the press hosted by ARRL
Hq, "at the expense of (League) membership." This was quite a surprise, since we
don't recall any martinis or caviar. For some editors, perhaps by comparison the
simple fare of coffee and doughnuts (supplied by WA1IUO, not the League) is a
"party."

Planning to run for director or SCM? A new informational pamphlet produced by Hq.
at Board direction acquaints potential candidates with the various duties and respon-
sibilities of the League's elective offices. Yours for the asking.

Quote-of-the-month, from the bulletin of the Motor City Radio Club: "Do we really
have the right to gripe about ARRL activities or FCC actions when we don't take an
active part in activities designed to provide the radio amateur with a voice in these
matters? The next time before you start griping on the air, think about this: Have
you brought the matter up at the radio club? Have you bothered to write your opin-
ion down on paper and send it to your ARRL director?11

In the early days of our recent expansion of the incentive licensing structure, there
was considerable comment that the higher class segments weren't being used • Have
you checked there recently? We find plenty of activity. During the cw DK contest
we had to go above the 025 kHz points to get out of QRM!
 W
The 2-Meter QRP Mountain Topper"
A Solid - State Transceiver for 144 MHz

BY RICHARD PRCISS,* W7HCV

LIKEthanMOST
1
people, hams have hobbies other
amateur radio to keep them occupied.
For years, the author has enjoyed mountaineering
and photography* as well as his m^jor past-time,
radio. During mountain trips, while taking pictures
from summits in the Sierra Nevada, his companions
were often subjected to the comment, "Sure do
wish 1 had a vhf rig here now." This article
describes the planning and effort that finally
provided that long-awaited 2-meter ^mountain-
topper.'*
Various geographic areas reflect different opera-
ting practices, These conditions usually dictate the
nature of the 2-meter equipment built foT use in
that region. For example, some areas abound with
a-m operation, while fm dominates other locales.
Usually ssh and cw are used only by the DX~
seeking vhf men in most regions, rendering these
modes less popular for any casual, unscheduled
communications. The above variations are further
complicated by geographic conventions in antenna
polarization and regional area propagation con-
ditions. The equipment described in this paper was
intended for use in Southern California where a-m
operation is used predominantly by the casual vhf
enthusiast, and with vertical polarization.
The rig was designed to provide satisfactory
communications at a range up to 200 miles with a
portable 5-clement Yagi antenna, and weight and
size were constrained to fit a small mountain
rucksack complete with battery pack and access-
ories. Front-panel view of the W7HCV 2-meter solid-state
The transceiver described is the third of a series, transceiver. The entire circuit is housed in a
the first being in general, more elaborate than Simpson Model 260-style meter case. A home-
necessary. The receiver was a multiconversion made dial plate provides a frequency readout of
affair with cross-modulation and overload prob- 144 to 148 MHz.
lems. The transmitter ran 2-watts output, which
was found to be more than adequate. The six- pound battery pack required by the rig was a
* Engineer, Tektronix, Inc., 670 S. W. 141 st Av. further disadvantage.
Beaverton, Oregon 97005. Gx-KUKTX, WA6VCG The second rig was similar to the "Connecticut
Bond Box" described by DeMaw.* Its 10U mW
power output was surprisingly effective with sev-
Whether the vhf portable station is being eral 100-mile QSOs made. The superregenerative
used for civil-defense operations, or for just receiver was sensitive, but totally inadequate when
plain hamming, the measure of its effective- many strong signals were present; the typical
ness can be related almost entirely to how condition in Southern California.
well it is designed. The equipment described The characteristics chosen for the final unit
here was designed and built by W7HCV, a include: (1) fe-to 1-watt output, <2) VXO to allow
seasoned vhf operator* Both his design some frequency excursion, (3) 40 hours of opera-
philosophy and workmanship point the way tion from 10 D-size N1CAD batteries, (4) total
to effective 2-meter portable QRP opera- weight including batteries less titan 5 pounds, and
tion, Plenty of up-to-date circuits have been (5) single-conversion, MOS front-end, receiver for
used in this transceiver, and many of the superior "cross-mod" and overload performance.
author's ideas can be applied to equipment These desired characteristics have been realized,
for use in other amateur bonds. Though this but only with the aid of some special transistors
is basically an idea article, the experienced and integrated circuits. Reasonably !ow-co*t sub-
vhf builder should have no trouble dupli- stitutes are now available (refer to parts list) but
cating this circuit.
lDeMaw, "The Connecticut Bond Box," vQST9
August, 196& '

n
 L21M
Fig. 1 — Schematic diagram showing the transmit-
ter section of the W7HCV transceiver Fixed-value
capacitors are disk ceramic. Fixed-value resistors
are %-watt composition unless otherwise indicated.
Capacitors with polarity marking are electrolytic.
Connections marked with an asterisk must be kept
very short t o assure stabil ity-
CI, C2, C5 — 15-to-60-pF ceramic trimmer (Erie
538-P3PO-112R or similar).
C3 — 6.6-to*18-pF ceramic trimmer (Efie 538-
COPO»92»R or equivalent).
C4. C6 — 8-to-2S-pF ceramic trimmer (Erie
538-D2PO-99R or equivalent).
CR1, CR2. CR5 -ampere. 50-PRV silicon diode
I
ucvr INOCATEfr. bEUVAi. VALL ES OF to aec
CMCITMCC i & > ; tli-VflLT
others MC IN f ** C*
miTjuKcs m m MS;
k* 1000,11*1000 000,
J1 -- Miniature phone jack.
J2 — BNC-style chassis-mount coaxial connector,
type UG-291/U.
J3, J4 — Insulated tip jacks or similar,
L i — 46 turns No. 34 enam, wire* close-wound on
3/8-inch dia. slug-tuned form (J. W. Miliar
B4A024-2 form suitable).
L2 — 10 turns No. 16 bare wire, 3/8-inch O.D-, 1
inch long. Tap 1 turn from ground end.
L3 — 3 turns No. 16 bare wire, 3/8-inch 0,D., 1/2
inch long.
L4 — 4 turns No. 16 bare wire, 3/8-inch O.D., 1/2
inch long.
LB — 5 turns No. 16 bare wire, 3/8-inch O.D.,3/4
inch long.
M l — 1-mA miniature dc meter, scale recalibrated
to read 0 to 20.
Q1 - 2N3563 (Fairchild used iff this equipment).
Q2, 03 — PT-3500 (TRW Co.) preferred. Motorola
TO HCC
ajuit m r
\m t)
SPOT0
HUWT 0
Q5 - Motorola 2N5457, 2N5459, or HEP-801
JFET.
0 6 - M o t o r o l a 2N4921.
R1 — 250,000-ohm linear-taper carbon control.
RFC1 - 22-aH moulded choke (J. W. Miller
9320*52).
RFC2 - 10-uH moulded choke (J* VV. Miller
9310-36).
RFC3. RFC5 - 1hiH moulded choke (J. W. Miller
9310-12).
RFC4 - 1.5-uH moulded choke (J. W. Miller
9230-24).
51 — Spst miniature toggle or slide switch-
52 — 2-pole, 4-position, single-wafer rotary (Cen-
tralab 2011 or similar).
53 — Single-pole, 4-positIonff single-wafer rotary
(Centrcriab 2007 or equivalent).
U1 - National Semiconductor LM301A or equiv-
alent (Motorola MC1741CG can be used.
 144-148 UP* 144 -149 MMC
L«l

(D
O

TO $3
IFIfcil
TO M i
(F11U

EXCEPT AS INMATCO, DECltAL

Fig. 2 — Schematic diagram of the receiver portion
of the 2-meter transceiver. Fixed-value capacitors
are disk ceramic unless otherwise noted. Fixed*
value resistors are %-watt composition unless other-
wise indicated. Circuit feeds marked with an
asterisk should be kept very short to insure
stability. Polarized capacitors are electrolytic.
VALUES OF CAMCITAMCE *HE
M kOCIK>FJIftA6S<jiF);OTH£ftfi
Mte W HCOTARADSIpF Oil
STANCES ARC IN OHMS', 0 9 - Fairchild 2N3563 or equivalent.
<-<000vM«1006000 Q10 - Fairchild 2N4258 or Motorola
2N3905 or 2N3906.
CRT — 9.1-volt reference Zener diode. 1N936 or Q11 - Motorola 2N4921.
equivalent. Q12 — Motorola 2N4918.
J5 — Miniature phone jack. R2 — 6000-ohm linear-Caper carbon control.
L6 - 3 turns No. 16 bare wire, 3/8-inch O.D., 1/2 R3 — 1-megohm, audio-taper carbon control*
inch Long. Tap at 1 and 2 turns from ground RFC6, R F C 7 - 1.5-uH moulded choke (J. W.
end. Miller 9230*24) P
L7 — 3 turns No. 16 bare wire, 3/8-inch 0> D., 1/2 RFC8-RFC10, incl. - 68-uH moulded choke (J. W.

« C7, C8, C9 — 5.5-to-18»pF ceramic trimmer (Erie

53&COPO-92R or equivalent).
C I O — 15-pF variable (Johnson 167*1. or similar,
suitable).
C11 — 2-to-frpF ceramic trimmer (Erie 538-COPO
-89 R or similar).
inch long. Tap at 1-1/2 turns from ground
end.
L8 - 3 turns No. 16 bare wire, 3/8-inch O.D., 1/2
inch long.
Q7 - r c A dual-gate MOSFET. 3N140.
Q8 - R C A dual-gate MOSFET, 3N141.
Miller 9230-64).
T1-T4, incl. - 10.7-MHz i-f transformer (J. W.
Miller 8851 A).
U2-U4, incl. - Motorola IC MC1550G.
UB — National Semiconductor IC LM301A or
equrv. (Motorola MC1741CG suitable).
 M21er 8851A units used by the author are inexpen-
TAL sive and yield a 3-dB selectivity of 25 kHz, with
i* i"c JO rteep skirts. The i-f gain is 60 dB with UO-dB age
aU P/ n
•• CC
OO
LULIMCTORJ capability.
It is significant to note that the 1550s operate as
cascode amplifier. This has the advantage that the
input and output impedances are independent of
O t 1AND age voltage, thus preserving the selectivity of the i-f
regardless of signal level. The 1550s operate with
OT.Oi forward age voltage. That is, as the age voltage is
increased from zero to plus 5 volts, the gain drops.
Since the i-f amplifier has more than the necessary
Base connections for the semiconductors used in gain, the first stage is manually adjusted to a low
the 2-meter transceiver. These layouts apply only gain, A prospective builder might eliminate this
to those transistors specified as first choices, and stage and use cascaded i-f transformers.
not necessarily to those listed as substitutes.
A-m detection and age voltage generation are
done by the 2N4258, Q10 I Fig, 2), at the i-f
this article should not be considered a construction output. The emitter-base diode is the a-m detector
article, ax successful results are very dependent with the audio taken uff the emitter. Current
upon proper test equipment and procedures, it Is generated by detection action is amplified in the
the author's hope, however* that many circuit ideas base-collector circuit and changcd into age voltage
are contained herein to benefit the experimenter- across the 5600-ohm emitter re&istor. The age has
Receiver Circuit fast attack, with dccay determined by the 25-uF
filter capacitor.
The receiver, shown schematically in Fig. 1, is
designed with an overall clean response as the Audio amplification is provided by another
major criterion. For this reason, a single- integrated circuit, U5, and complementary push-
conversion, supcrhet approach was chosen 2 , with pull output stage, QI1-QI2. Distortion is mini-
an i-f of IQJ MHZ. TO keep the design simple, mized by negative feedback which also controls the
integrated circuits are used In the i-f aiul audio audio gain. Idling current is less than 5 mA, and
channels. the amplifier can deliver 1-watt rms into an 8-ohm
The front end utilizes a 3N140 rf amplifier, and load.
a 3N141 mixer. These dual-gate MOSPET devices
feature excellent overload and cross-modulation
Transmitter Circuit
rejection characteristics while offering a fairly Low The rf chain consists of only four stages. A
noise figure, and a high un-neutraiized gain* ]2-MHz oscillator, a quadruples a tripler, and a
The rf amplifier is operated in common-source collector-modulated finaL
mode, and the mixer is operated in a similar The chain starts with a variable crystal oscillator
configuration, but with the LO signal injected on (VXO>. The circuit of Fig. 1 yields a / of 50 kHz
gate 2. Other workers have shown 3 that both at 12 MHz when using plated crystals. This gives a
mixer conversion gain and cross-modulation im- f of 600 kHz at 144 MHz. The VXO used here
munity are strongly dependent upon LO injection differs slightly from the classic Shall circuit 6 In
IcveL in this receiver, the injection is U to 2.0 that the crystal operates in the series-resonant
volts peak-to-peak, as measured with a high-freq- mode. The frequency is pulled down (from the
uency oscilloscope and appropriate probe, This marked frequency) by adding inductance. Bccausc
provides a good compromise between cross-mod no external capacitor is added, stray resonances are
and gain. avoided which normally limit the excursion. Even
The local oscillator runs on 133 to 137 MHz and at maximum pull, stability has been sufficient for
is a modification of the familiar Colpitts circuit 2-meter a-m work.
known as the Seiler Oscillator4, Mo drift has been Frequency multiplication is done in only two
encountered with this oscillator, even in severe stages. It is interesting to note that high-order
mountain environments. multiplication with transistors is achieved more
The heart of the receiver is the inter- easily than might be thought possible. This is
mediate-frequency amplifier. Because a high-freq- probably a result of both the nonlinear emitter"
uency tunable local oscillator is used, extremely base characteristic and parasitic capacitance effects
narrow i-f bandwidth is not desired. However, good of the collector-base junction. The method used
skirt selectivity is needed along with good age for interstage impedance matching leads to stabil-
capability. In this receiver, the gain and age are ity by providing h high<? tank circuit with a
provided by three Motorola MC1550G integrated tapped capacitance instead of the more common
circuits, while the selectivity is provided by the use tapped inductance. This eliminates any need for
of double-tuned interstage transformers. The J.W. bypassing the cold end of the tank circuit. Drive to
the following stagp could be taken directly off a
^Goodman, "What's Wrong with our Present tap near the cold end of the tank inductor.
Receivers?" QS't\ January, 1957.
SKleinman, application of Dual-Gate MOS- The final amplifier uses a T.R.W. PT-3534 which
FETs in Practical Radio Receiver" RCA Publi- delivers 10 dB gain with only 6 volts Vcc. Such a
cation ST-3486.
4Fisk, "Stable Transistor VPOs," Ham Radio, Sghall, "VXO r A Variable Crystal Oscillator,"
June, 1968. 0&7\ January, 1958,

14 QST for
microwave dcvice is expensive, but the RCA
2N5109 or Motorola 2N3866 are also possible
output devices in the $3.00 price class,. Input and
output impedance matching is similar to that used
by Schlesinger6 in his 2-meter transmitter. The
emitter should be grounded with as short a lead as
possible.
The transmitter modulator starts with an
MPF103 speech amplifier intended for high-
impedance microphones. The JFET drives an
operational-amplifier integrated circuit which
drives the output emitter follower. As in the
receiver audio, negative feedback is used to mini-
mize distortion and to control the gain. A diode
and R-C network is used to "bootstrap" the
operational-amplifier supply voltage, which allows
full power supply swing on the modulator trans-
istor. Bootstrapping could also be applied in the
negative direction. The modulator will swing from
1 volt to 12 volts with loads as tow as 25 ohms.
Pour significant items were metered in the
"mountain topper" using a miniature 1-mA meter.
Battery voltage monitoring is vital when NICADs
are used, to prevent destructive extended dis-
charge. Relative rf output and peak modulation
voltage are monitored by switching S3. Another
position monitors the age voltage, which serves as a
tuning indicator, ur so-called S meter, for lack of a
better name.
Mechanical layout
and Constructional Details
All the circuit was laid out on copper clad (one Fig. 3 — Interior view of the 2-meter transceiver.
side) Vector board with holes on 0.200-inch The components are neatly mounted on insulating
centers in a square grid pattern. Vector type T-28 perforated board, and push-in terminals serve as tie
points. Short leads are the keynote for good circuit
pins were used for component mounting7. Fig. 3 is stability*
a photograph of the circuit board, and shows the
relative placement of the components: modulator meter can be used as an indicator. The manual i-f
across the top, receiver down the left side, LO in gain control may have to be backed off to prevent
the center, and transmitter along the right side, oscillation in the strip. Next, if a grid-dip meter is
with the .VXO at the bottom. The PA is to the available, use the absorption mode and try to get
right of the antenna switch wafer. The board is the LO to oscillate in the 133-to 137-MHz range.
mounted about one inch behind the front panel to Once this is accomplished, hook up to an antenna
allow clearance for the meter, uleter switch, or vhf signal generator and hunt for a signaL The rf
function switch, tuning capacitor, speaker, and amplifier can be peaked at 145 MHz, and the mixer
various controls. Power interconnections, speaker, at 146 MHz. The author's receiver can detect a
volume control, microphone, and i-f transformer 0.5-uV signal with 30-percent 400-Hz modulation
wiring was done on the copper side of the board. when using the same tuning procedures* The local
The local-oscillator tuning capacitor and coil were oscillator should be "rocloed-in" using the C9 and
deliberately placed between the board and front C l l until the hand is centered in the tuning-
panel to take advantage of the shielding thereby capacitor range.
provided. Transmitter alignment is not as easy, and re-
Note that no heat sinks are used on the audio quires a grid-dip meter, general-coverage receiver,
output or modulator transistors. Power types were and another 2*meter receiver a« a minimum of test
chosen only to get good high-current beta which is equipment The transmitter was built and tuned
required under peak output conditions. Idling one stage at a time. The VXO was built and
currents are tow enough that heat sinks are not chccked with the gencral-coverage receiver to
normally necessary. assure a clean signal which could be pulled over the
Adjustment and Operation range of interest Next the quadrupter was built,
the coil dipped for 48 MHz, and the power turned
Receiver alignment is conventional in every oil Some adjustment of the 10,000-ohm base
respect. If a signal generator is available, first peak resistor may be necessary to optimize stagp gain.
all of the i-f transformers to 10.7 MHz. The age Values between 5000 and 30,000 ohms will work
6Scbfesin*er, "The 2T/2M,' QST, September, beat, depending upon the transistor type used and
1968. its beta. T h e output is peaked using the G D O in
7Pretsfc_ "Simplified Circuit-Board Construc-
tion," QSTT, November, 1969.

May 1970 15
 A Nearly Full Size, Rotatable, T w o
Element Quad for 8 0 Meters
BY JOE HERTZBERC,* K3JH
W ITH THE advent of 5-Band DXCC many hams
have been thinking about new KO-meter an-
tennas to improve their DX capabilities. On the
higher amateur frequencies, antenna gain is rela-
tively easy to acquire with a compact Vagi or quad,
it is much harder in this respect on 40 meters. On
80 meters, however, the problem of securing any
increase in antenna gain over a conventional dipole
ur ground plane is very difficult indeed, particu-
larly where space is limited. Rhombic*, vees, or
multielement collineai arrays become completely
impractical on the normal urban or suburban l o t
fcven a phased vertical array is hard to handle on a
city lot, and too often, performance is marginal
because it t* impossible to install an optimum
ground system at such a location.
The author solved this problem at his QTH by
constructing an almost full size two-element quad
for 8 u meters. A unique tuning arrangement
permits this antenna to be operated at any freq-
uency within the 80-meter band with an SWR of
close to 1. While certainly not adaptable to every
individual's situation or pockethook, a description
of this antenna should be uf interest to many
atnateurs. As far as it is known, this is the first and
only set of beams, on one rotatable tower, covering
alt bands from 2 to 80 meters. By connecting the
two quad elements in series to form a rotatable,
bidirectional loop, the frequency coverage has been
extended to 160 meters.
At this point, a few comments might be in order
on the circumstances which led to this sizeable
80-meter antenna project In June 1965, the writer
3 Landover Rd., Bryn Mawr, Pa. J 9010.
16
We don't expect readers to rush right oat
and duplicate this antenna system — but this
doesn't mean a lot of hams wouldn't like to!
returned to ham radio activity after a Q R T of
almost 30 years. During the first year of operation,
the antennas of K3JH were a conventional com-
mercial tribander for 10, 15 and 20 meters
mounted on a 60-fout tilt-over tower, and a
trapped, inverted V for 40 and SO meters, A bit of
DX chasing soon led to the conclusion that better
antennas were needed. Since the QTH Is on a
suburban lot about 175-feet square, and heavily
wooded, a '"Christmas tree" array seemed the best
alternative. Consequently, in the summer of 1966.
with a great deal of help from Bob Scully, W2FXN,
a 115-foot rotary tower was installed along with
full-size monohajid beams for all bands from 2
through 40 meters.
This rotary steel tower is 16 inches OD at the
base with 1-inch thick walls. iThe tower rests in a
1/2-lnch thick steel bearing-tube 15 feet long and
20-inches OD. The bearing tube is imbedded in a
block of concrete 8 x 8 x 16 feet which weighs 70
tons. The tower tapers to 5 1/2 inches at the top,
and was designed to carry nine full size monoband
beams through 12&-mph winds.
Initially, the antenna complement was as fol-
lows: *
2/6 meters - Vert, ground plane
at 115 feet
6" ~ 6 el at 113 feet
2 " - 15 el at 109 feet
20 *• - 5 el at 104 feet
IS " - 5 el at 96 feet
10 " - A el at ha feet
40 * - 3 el at 77 feet
A rotary ball-bearing ring and clamp at the
70-foot level on the tower was used tp support one
end of an inverted.I, for SO meters. This long wire,
which could be used also on thefajgherfrequencies,
was fed through a Matchbox at the base.
Performance on 40 through 2 meters with this
antenna system was generally excefrnt The L and
inverted vee on 80, however, left much to be
desired, especially when compared to the antenna
performance on the other bands.
In attempts to improve this situation, several
different 80-meter antennas wctc installed at var-
ious times between .1966 and the spring of 1969.
Included in this effort was a top-loaded ground
plane and a pair of phased verticals. None of these
antennas provided sufficient improvement in DX
performance on 80 to be considered satisfactory.
In this view, the bottom support of the quad
elements is shown, along with the tuning-network
box, which is mounted on the mast.
QST for
 With the advent of the 5-Band DXCC, the QUAD LOOP DIMENSIONS
question of how to do better on 8U meters again
became a matter of concern. It was at this time
that the concept of a quad of some sort, to he
mounted on the rotary tower, began to emerge.
Since 40-meter quads had been constructed pre-
viously, and were mechanically feasible, the
thought at first was to build a half-size quad for 80
meters, using loading coils. Preliminary calculations
indicated the possibility of achieving some gain
over a dipole in addition to the obvious advantage
of being able to rotate the array.
It was quickly determined that a half-size quad
mounted at 57 feet would fit underneath the
40-meter Yagi. Construction could be quite con-
ventional using fiberglass Xframesin each element,
and a spacing of 0.15 wavelength.
Design Considerations
The proposed design was discussed with a
number of amateurs including Jim Lindsay, W0HJ,
Dune Carter, W510U, and Clans Moeller, DL7CM,
who were most helpful with advice and sug-
gestions. A search of the literature disclosed that a
number of loaded antennas of various types had
been built. In most cases, however, performance
had been judged empirically, and there was little in
the way pf specific comparative data on the
performance of loaded versus unloaded configura- Fig. 1 - Dimensions of one of the quad loops.
tions, or versus a reference dipole. Because of this,
the decision V&* made to build and test a 14-MHz
tnodel of a half-size quad* This would enable a These included a dipole at the same height above
direct comparison between the performance of a ground as the modeL, a 3-element tribander at 60
miniaturized quad and other antennas. Of par- feet, two different inverted vecs at 50 feet and a
ticular interest was a comparison with a dipole, 5-clement monoband Yagi at 104 feet. The regular
since this was the more normal antenna used by antenna switching arrangements in the station were
amateurs on 80 meters. such that almost instantaneous comparisons could
be made between the different antennas, mini-
Henry Fpmberton, W3PN, who had become mizing QSB differences in the receiver, in the
interested in the project, provided the X frames transmit mode, many amateurs compared signal
and Supports from an old 20-meter quad, for use in differences between the test model and the other
the test model. Tom Corwalvi, W3EOZ, provided antennas. Tt is impossible to list the calls of all
some suitable coil stock for the test design. With those who helped in this way.
this help, the 14-MHz model was quickly con- After considerable testing, adjustment, readjust-
structed. No trouble was experienced in pruning ment, and minor configuration changes in the
the coils and resonating the loops. Except for one model, the results were found to be quite discoura-
bad piece of insulation on one coiU which prompt- ging. The simple conclusion was that a loaded
ly burst into flame when if power was applied to half-size quad had insufficient gain compared to a
the antenna, the driven element could be fed with dipole to warrant proceeding any further with an
a full kilowatt at an SWR of 1. The SWR, however, 8d-meter version.
would rise sharply when the coils, which had no
protection from the weather, became wet from Further Exploration
ram. All testing, therefore, had to be done on dry
days. Before abandoning the 80-meter project, how-
since the 80-meter version was to be mounted ever, we decided to explore some practical ways to
on the tower one- quarter wavelength above increase the size of the elements, preferably with-
ground, the 14-MHz model was mounted for the out using the normal-type quad X frames, which
tests at the same relative height. Standard pro- would be difficult if not impossible to handle when
cedures fox tuning up the quad were used, and will the antenna grew too large, This thinking devel-
not be detailed here. Impedance of the loaded loop oped the concept of using the 14-MHz boom at
was measured at 60 ohms, so it could be driven 104 feet to support diamond-shaped elements at
nicely with a 50-ohm line. The bandwidth was 125 the top, and using a boom and spreaders rather
kHz, measured between frequencies each side of than an X frame to hold the elements at the center.
the resonant frequency where the SWR was 3:1. The bottom of the quad elements could he
This was the result expected, due to the heavy supported easily with a relatively light boom and
loading. spreaders near the base of the tower.
Extensive on-the-air comparisons were made In order to reduce the size of the center boom
between the model and various other antennas. and spreaders, the first model was kite-shaped with

May 1970 17

ir
~ •
\! t\ '
. l I U L T - „ * ,
This it a detailed view of one of the quad element!,
showing the method of supporting the loop.
an included angle at the. top of about 50 degrees.
Unfortunately, the adults were pour, and com-
pared to a dipolc there; was no gain. Wc concluded
that this configuration was NO squashed together
that the antenna wus acting like d dipoJe instead uf
a quad, A series of configurations was then drawn
up on paper. The boom and spreader size* were
varied, but the included angle at the top of each
diamond clement was kept at 75 degrees or more.
Thus helped to pin down a configuration which
would be mechanically feasible, and which would
be a reasonable compromise among the various
considerations to be taken into account. The one
selected is shown in Fig. L
Because these elements are almost full size at 4
MHz, making a 20-meter model quite large* it was
decided to build and test a model of this configura-
tion on 15 meters* The test procedures for this
model were the same as those previously described
for the 20-meter model of the half-size quad. This
model showed substantial gain compared to the
reference dtpole at the same height. Also> the
model mounted only 15 feet above the ground
compared favorably in performance with the tri-
bander at 60 feet The 5-element monobander at
9b feet consistently provided better gain as was to
be expected. The impedance of the driven element
was about 80 ohms. Bandwidth between SWR
points of 3:1 was 250 kHz. or about twice what
was measured on the half-size model.
Mechanical Consideration s
After a lengthy test period, during which many
on-the-air comparisons were made, the results were
good enough to make the decision to build an
80-meter version uf this antenna. Because of the
size of the proposed antenna, considerable thought
had to be given to the mechanical design to assure
longevity comparable to the other beams which arc
rated for 125-mph winds. The wire in the quad
elements is No. 12 stranded copperweld. All other
metal in the antenna is aluminum or stainless steel.
The two quad elements are suspended from the
20-meter boom at 104 feet. The emulators are five
glazed porcelain knobs. Spacing is one^eighth wave-
length, 36 feet. The 2(Vmeter boom is 46 feet long,
and is made from 4-inch OD, {/4-inch wall T-6
aluminum tubing at the center, and similar material
tapering from 3 1/2 inches to 3-inch OD at the
ends. A I /4-inch stainless steel cable supports the
boom 18 feet out from each side of the tower.
Originally, the plan was to slide the quad elements
down this cable from the tower. Unfortunately,
the steel plates holding the Vagi elements to the
boom on the other beams were found to be rusting
because of poor plating, kathcr than dismantle the
beams, a crane was brought in so that these plates
could be cleaned and painted by a man carried up
in a boatswain's chair. At the same time, the
«
elements were hung from the 20-meter beam, and
the center boom and spreaders for the quad were
.
installed with relative ease.
Dimensions
The 36-foot center boom at the 57-foot level of
the tower is made of a single 24-foot section of 3
1/2-inch, 1/4-inch wall, T-6 tubing with 7-foot
sections of 3-inch OD pipe telescoped and bolted
at each end. The boom is supported from the
tower with a 3/16-inch stainless-steel cable. The
spreaders at each end of this boom are 70 feet
long. Each consists of a 24-foot piece of 2 1/2-iuch
OD, 1/8-inch wall, T-6 tubing at the center, with
two short pieces of 2 1/8 * i/8-inch tubing
telescoped and bolted at each end to make up a
length uf 30 feet. To complete the spreaders,
JU-foot sections of 1 1/2-nnd 1 1 /4-inch fiberglass
poles are attached to each end of the aluminum
centerpiece. Use of the fiberglass reduces weight,
and eliminates a one-quarter wavelength piece of
metal from the middle of the quad element A
1/8-inch cable and strut supports each spreader to
jnimmize sag, which is very slight a$ may be noted
in the photograph, A welded aluminum T structure
and stainless steel clamps are used to hold the
spreaders on to the ends of the boom. A stainless-
steel clamp and Teflon grommet is attached to the
ends of each spreader to hold the element wires in
place. The only function of the spreaders is to hold
the two opposite aides uf each quad element apart
without too much fore and aft flopping around
when the antenna is rotated. The length uf the
spreaders, wind loading, and safety factor dictates
the heavy mechanical design.
The lower boom, which is 23 feet uff the
ground, is made of a 24-foot scction uf 2 1/4- \
1/4-inch T-6 tubing with shorter 2- x 1/4-inch
pieces telescoped and bolted at each end to make
the total Length of 36 feet. 7lo maintain symmetry,,
17-foot spreaders are attached to each end of the
lower boom. These spreaders are made of 1
l/2-inch fiberglass. They are attached to the boom
with aluminum angles and stainless-steel clamps. A
light stainless-steel cable and strut holds the lower
spreaders firm against the pull of the quad-dement
wires, which arc attached to each end of the lower
spreaders with stainlessnrteei clamps. The wires are
taped along the fiberglass almost to the center of
the spreaders, and then go off at right angles to tlie
tuning box, which is mounted on the tower 13 feet
above ground. The distance from the end of the
lower boom to the tower is about IK feet, and the
36 feet of wire which connects the quad proper to
the tuning box represents- Loading.
Tuning
Each element, including the 36 feet of connec-
ting wire just mentioned, neonates at 4050 kHz.
Thus a small amount of additional inductive
loading is required to tune the antenna to reso-
nance within the HO-metcr band. This is accom-
plished by putting two relatively smalt motor-
driven coils in series with each loop of the antenna.
The reversible motor for each pair of coils in each
loop is controlled by a two-way toggle switch
mounted on the antenna control panel in the
shack, in the case of the driven element, tuning is
accomplished simply by applying power to the
antenna and then adjusting the loading inductances
by the motor-control switch to the point where the
SWK is minimum, usually very close to 1. Tuning
the reflector can be accomplished by turning the
back of the quad toward a distant signal, and
adjusting the reflector loading coil* for minimum
received signal. This seemed a bit cumbersome to
do each time the operating frequency was changed
from cw to ssb and vice-versa, so a microswitch was
added to the reflector coils and motor assembly.
Each revolution of the coils flicks the microswitch
which actuates a light on the control panel in the
shack. By counting tlie blinks of the light, and
referring to a chart which shows the resonant
frequency of the reflector versus the number of
turns of inductance in (he loop, the reflector can
be tuned to any desired frequency. With this
tuning scheme, it is quite easy to tune the quad for
best performance at any point in the MO-meter
band. The bandwidth between the 3:1 SWR points
is close to 200 kHz, so retaining is required only for
large frequency changes within the band. Fre-
quency flexibility otherwise is quite good.
The impedance of the driven clement measures
about 75 ohms. The antenna is coupled to the
transmitter through a balun and 50-ohm line. The
difference between the resonant frequency of the
driven element and the refloctor, when the latter is
tuned for maximum front-to-back ratio, is in the
order of only 1 1/2 percent This probably results
from the quad being only a one-quarter wavelength
above the ground The front-to-back ratio is about
20 dB, and the front-to*idc, SO dB. AJJ measure-
ments luive an indicated gain over a dipole in the
order of 6 to 7 dB, No degradation in performance,
or SWR, lias been observed during heavy rain. The
small loading coils are protected from the weather,
of course, in their aluminum tuner box, so the
problem, which was encountered with unprotected
load coils in the 20-meter test model, has been
eliminated.
Tests were conducted with the second element
tuned as a director instead of a reflector; there was
no noticeable improvement in gain, whereaa the
fron too-hack ratio was diminished. It is felt that
the best results are obtained with the reflector.
Some thought was given to driving both ele-
ments at a J 35-degree phase difference to obtain a
cardioid pattern. It is felt, however, that the
conventional quad pattern* with deep nulls on each
side, and a reasonably good front-to-back ratio, is
more desireable for DX, So, nothing further has
been dune with such a phasing arrangement.

Results
DX results on 80 meters fiave improved con-
siderably since the new antenna was put on the air.
On cw< the gain seems to drop off somewhat as
compared to the phone end of the band. Probably
this is due to the fact that the relative sitt of the
antenna is smaller at the cw operating frequencies.
Nevertheless, reports usually are from one to
several S units higher than other U.S. stations with
comparable power input, and conventional an-
tennas. In most instances during pile-ups in a
recent cw contest, it took only a call or two to get
through, whereas, previously, the station was
usually last. It wa* found also that contacts could
be made earlier, as the band opened, fa several
instances like this, it was amazing to get a response
from a DX station, and then to hear other U.S.
stations calling without success.
Reports from overseas on ssb are outstanding.
During a recent phone contest, several dozen DX
Here is the complete antenna system, 2 through contacts were made in just a few hours - everyone
160 meters, all rotatable, directional arrays. on the first call.
 During the day, on 80 meters, it is quite easy to
work into Canada ur the Carolinas with good
signals at both ends of the circuit. On a dipole,
very often the other station is completely unread-
able, if not inaudible. This points up the fact that
one notices great improvement in reception with
the quad compared to a dipole, which on 80 is just
as important as being able to transmit a better
signal*
Once it was determined that the quad worked
well on 80 meters, the possibJity of operating the
antenna on 160 meters was explored. Since the
loops independently resonated at 4050 kHz, and
there was considerable inductive loading available
in the coils, it was felt that it might be possible to
resonate the antenna on 1.8 MHz by putting the
two loops in series. Actually, with the load coils
tuned to minimum, the series-connected loops
resonated at 1775 kHz because of the mutual
coupling. By shortening out the coils entirely, the
pair of loops were resonated at 1805 kHz, There-
fore, the SWR at the low end of the 160-meter
band is very IowP
Domestic reports on 160 meters have been
excellent. Consistent directional effects have been
noted by several observers when the two-turn loop
is rotated. The pattern is the typical figure eight,
with deep nulls off each side of the loop. It
remains to evaluate how well the antenna works on
160-meter DX.
In the near future, with the help of Walt
Maxwell, W2DU, a series of careful measurements
will be made with laboratory test equipment to
determine the electrical characteristics of the two
element 80-meter quadjuvd the 2-tmn 160-meter
loop. Any significant results will be written for a
subsequent article.
hollowing completion of the antenna in Septem-
ber, there have been several severe storms, with
winds gusting as high as 65 mph. These velocities
barely moved the wires and spreaders around. It is
apparent that the heavy construction is adequate
to handle the winds of much higher velocity for
which the antenna was designed. Although it is
probably one of the largest quads in existence, it
certainly appears as though it will stay up a long
time, even through rough weather.
In conclusion, this project could never have been
completed successfully without the help of many
domestic and overseas amateurs. Their reports,
advice, and assistance will always be appreciated.
Although this has been a sizeable and difficult
antenna task, a great deal of satisfaction has been
derived from carrying it through from concept to
on-the-oir operation. The simple lesson has been
relearned with regard to antennas - that one
cannot get something for nothing. Mini-size an-
tennas are better than no antennas, but there is no
substitute for fultsize antennas if one wants
"fufl-sfce" results. SiF^
SWITCH
TO SAFETY!
20
The "2-Meter QRP Mountain Topper"
(Continuedfrompage 15)
the absorption mode. Similarly, the tripler is built
and tuned to 144 MHz. Some adjustment of the
coil taps may be necessary to get maximum output
without spurious oscillations. Spurious oscillations
will show up on the 2-metcr monitor receiver as a
louder~thau-notmal cuthiug noise. The final is
tuned in a similar manner.
Results
From the author's former location near Pomona,
California, contacts were made throughout alt of
Southern California with many reports of S9 and
greater. Admittedly, a 40-element array was used,
but the 700-milliwatt rig is so much fun to operate,
that the main station rig is now unused. When in
the mountains with the 5-elcment YagL, 100-mile*
plus contacts were common. Notable contacts have
been: (I) San Jose, California from Giant Forest in
Sequoia National Park (185 miles), and (2) Santa
Barbara, California from the 8000 ft. level of Mt
San Jacinto near Palm Springs. California (190
miles). The reports were S7 to $8.
Now that the author resides in the Pacific
Northwest, clearly another "mountain-topper" Is
required, for all the operating conventions and
conditions are different. This one will have to be
cw with 5 to 10 watts output, a VXO-controlled,
limited-coverage, direct-conversion receiver, with
low temperature compatibility.
So, the long process starts over a g a i n . . ,
The author wishes to credit Gene. W6TFS, for
his technical assistance and leadership in southern
California, and wishes to thank Wes Hayward,
W7ZOI, and his X*L, Shom for their help in
nreparing the manuscript for this article. J
Ham Of The Year Award for 1970
The Federation of Eastern Massachusetts
Amateur Radio Associations are now requesting
nominations for the 44Ham of the Year" award for
1970. Only amateurs in the 1st call district are
eligible and the tiam selected will be the top "good
neighbor" among hams - the one who has
performed an outstanding public service.
Anyone may nominate a ham for the honor.
Winner of the award will be chosen for the ham
activity which brings the greatest benefit to an
individual or group and for the amount of
ingenuity and personal sacrifice displayed in
performing the service.
Nominating letters should include the candi-
date's name, address, call letters and complete
description of the service performed. Letters must
be sent to the Chairman of the FEMARA Awards
Committee, Eli Nannis WlHKG, 37 Lowell St.
Maiden, Mass. 02148, before September 1, 1^70.
The winner will be presented with a plaque und
a cash award at the ARRL National Convention
Statler-Hiltoa Hotel. Boston, Mass. on September
26t 1970,
QSTiat
he IC-TT Generator
With Notes
on Testing
SSB Transmitters

BY DOUGLAS A. BLAKESLEE,* WIKLK Subminlature controls and switches are used on the
front panel. The box is homemade; it consists of
two U-shaped pieces of sheet aluminum. One forms
the chassis, and the other the cover. Overall size is
Tthe
HE introduction of two new IC kits by RCA,
KC-4002 oscillator and KC-2001 audio
754 X 414 X 1H inches. For appearance sake, the
top cover "overhangs" the front panel by % inch.
The controls adjust the output level, and balance
tnixer, prompted the building of a two-tone inte- the relative tone levels.
gruted-circuit generator •- the IC-TT, Having
ctched-circuit boards and most of the components
available in low-cost packages certainly makes the
project attractive. Hard-to-get parts are the scourge , The circuit is shown in fig, 1; parts not supplied
of today's home constructor, by RCA are marked with an asterisk.
A two-tone generator is used in checking ssb The capacitors supplied with the K-4002 provide
equipment. A sideband voice signal fluctuates an output frequency of 2000 Hz. One oscillator is
continually, it is neither steady or repetitive, so it used on this frequency, and the other shifted down
is difficult to get much of an idea as to bow a rig is to 800 Hz by changing CI, C2, and C3. The
working while watching meters, oscilloscopes, or capacitor values required are not standard, so two
other indicating devices. The use of a two-tone test capacitors are used in parallel in each case.
signal has become an accepted method of checking Both oscillators produced very healthy outputs
transmitter performance* even though the test on about 5 MHz in addition to the desired audio
signal has no relation to the human voice. With tones. A 120-pP capacitor across the input killed
such a test, however, the output of a transceiver or this oscillation, but then a weaker output at 50
transmitter can be displayed on an oscilloscope and MHz appeared. Another 120-pP capacitor was
examined. added, this time across the output terminal, and
A pair of RCA KC-4002 audio-oscillator mod- stable operation resulted. Both capacitors must
ules are used in the circuit of Fig. L. The output of have their leads cut very short to be effective. With
these oscillators sliould be as free from harmonics these modifications, the lCs operate satisfactorily.
as possible, and the tone frequencies used should The mixer showed no signs of rf oscillations.
not be harmonically related, A mixer combines the The output of the K-4002s is far in excess of what
output of the two oscillators, and this mixing the mixer can handle. So, an attenuator was added
process must also be distortion free. One major on the output of each oscillator to reduce the level
objective of two-tone testing is to check the to a suitable value. Control R1 allows the output
amount of distortion produced in the transmitter. level of one oscillator to be matched to the other —
So, you need a "clean" signal from the generator both tones must be of equal amplitude to produce
to start with. Otherwise, harmonics from the the desired oscilloscope patterns. The mixer is an
generator will be indistinguishable from those additive device (the output with two-tones is twice
produced in tlie transmitter, and you may think what you get using either tone alone). Thus,
you have a problem in the rig, when actually it checking the output of the generator with two- and
dues not exist. one-tone output, alternately, for a 2 to 1 voltage
Assembling the RCA kits is easy* requiring only relationship, is one way of determining that the
an hour in the workshop. Making integrated BALANCE control is set correctly.
circuits behave is another problem, however. It Alignment
took two modifications to tame the oscillators.
* Assistant Technical Editor, QST Fig. 2 A shows the proper scope pattern for
single-tone output, while 2B indicates distortion of
the waveform resulting from too much feedback.
Commercial integrated circuit kits are used The adjustment of the FEEDBACK control in each
in this easy-to-build two-tone generator. oscillator is critical. Too little feedback and the
Oscilloscope patterns obtained from die oscillator quits; too much feedback and the har-
generator are also included monic content of the output goes up. The best
setting for the FEEDBACK control is at a point
where oscillation just starts. The oscillator modules

May 1970 21
 2000-Hz OSC
{RCA KG-4002)
Fig. 1 — Schematic diagram of tC-TT. Resistors are
VS-watt composition; capacitors with polarity
marked are electrolytic, others are disk ceramic.
All parts are supplied with the RCA kits, except
those marked with an asterisk.
are voltage sensitive. If the battery voltage goes
down during extended use, the oscillators may stop
working, and the feedback must he increased to get
them going again, A little experimentation will
show the best point at which to set the FEED-
BACK control. Both oscillators should be set up
and checked separately, and then connectcdto the
mixer module.
The final alignment of the generator is a*
follows: Switch to two-tone output i.Sl closed!
and adjlist the FEEDBACK control on the
2000-llz oscillator until oscillation cease*. At this
point you should have output from the 800-Hz
oscillator alone. With the BALANCE control set at
mid range, connect an oscilloscope to the output
of the generator and note the height of the output
pattern, SI .should then be set for singe-tone
output, and the FEEDBACK control reset so that
the 20HO-HZ oscillator starts. The FEEDBACK
control should be adju&ted that the pattern
height produced on the scope tx close to that of the
KlHMlx oscillator. Minor differences can be cor-
rected with the BALANCE control.
Switching to two-tone output* you should get a
pattern similiar to Fig. 2C. The two-tone pattern
will be difficult to *ync on an average oscilloscope
because of the different frequency components in
the signal. The pattern lieight of the two-tone
output on the scope should he double that
obtained with a single tone, as stated earlier.
22
C*CEP1 U INDICATED, OtCIHM.
VAUIU OF CAPACITANCE «ff£
N MICROFARADS <jiF I; OTHER*
ARC IN PICOFARADS <pF OP jijiF t;
RCSVTANCn APT IN ONUS;
MPARTS NOT SUmjCD WITH
RCA KITS.
B1 - 9-volt transistor-radio type
CL,C2 - 0.01 and 0.002 disk ceramic (in parallel).
C3 - 0,02 and 0.002 disk ceramic (in parallel).
J1 — Phono type
R 1 . R 2 - Miniature control (Mailory MLC53U.
S1,S2 - Spdt miniature toggle (Radio Shack
275-376).
Pig. 3A is a photo of the single-tone output, us
taken from the spcctrum-analyzcr display. It shows
the second harmonic as being approximately IS db
down from the fundamental, and there arc no sign*
of the third harmonic. Commercial two-tone gen-
erators often have better reduction of the second-
harmonic energy, but the level shown here should
not be a hindrance in amateur radio applications
A series trap, tuned to the sccond harmonic, can be
added to each oscillator's output if greater icduo
tion of the second- harmonic level is desired. The
two-tone pattern is *lvown in tig. 3B. Here the
second harmonic of the. HUQ-llz tone appears
between the two main tone* The second harmonic
of the 2000-Hz oscillator will be off to the left out
of the picture (and probably out of the audio
bandpass of any ssb transmitter!.
Using the Gemrator
Several friends who have tried TT-IC have
learned - to their chagrin - that all was not right
with their rigs. The comment is always the same;
"Gee, I get good reports on the air." Because of
the nature of ash signals, and the number of
operators around who Imve "tin" cars, asking for
on-thc-air reports is not always a good way of
checking your transmitter. A much better
approach is to use a set up similar to that shown in
Fig. 4.
QST for
 (A)
Fig. 2 - Output waveforms from the generator:
(A) proper sine wave, indicating correct adjustment
of the F E E D B A C K control; tB) distorted output
caused by excessive feedback; (C) two-tone output.
May 1970
(A)
Pig. 3 - Spectrum output with a (A) single tone
and (fi) two tones from IOTT.
RCMJP
Fig. 4 — Set up for testing an ssb transmitter using
(A) a general-purpose oscilloscope (see QST, Sep-
tember 1965, or Chap. 8 in The Radio Amateur's
Handbook for information on connecting up the
scope] or (G) a commercially-made monitor scope,
such as the Heath SB-610.
23
 (A) (B>

A A
' \/ \

(Ci m

Fig. 5 — Patterns obtained using the two-tone generator. (A) Output pattern of a properly-adjusted
transmitter. (B) A si mi liar pattern to A, but showing hum on the signal. jC) Unequal tones (see text).
ID) Excessive drive, causing flat-topping and distortion. <E) Final amplifier incorrectly biased. (F) Single-
tone showing modulation pattern caused by a partial I y-suppressed carrier

A two-tone signal has a peak-to-average ratio of
2 to I, producing less heating of a final tube than a
cw carrier. But, it can still provide too much dc
input for some *wecp-tubcrigs*To start with, keep
any tests short unlcs* you know your rig cart take
extended two-tone operation at full input. Of
course, all testing should be done into a dummy
load.
The photographs in Fig. S show some of the
possible patterns. Fig. 5A is the pattern you arc

24 QST for
 Interior view. Inter-
connections carry-
ing audio signals use
s ubminiature coax
to prevent hum
pickup. A home-
made clip holds the
battery in place.
Feedback adjust-
ment of each oscilla-
tor is made with the
controls on the
K-4O0Z boards.

looking for. 5B results when you have hum on the

signal* which can be caused by improper groun-
ding, hum in the audio stages uf the transmitter, or
when setting the microphone gpin too high. If you
have unequal tone levels, you get a pattern similar
NEW BOOKS
to that of .5C If the two-tone generator is at fault,
readjusting the BALANCE control will produce the How To Use Grid-Dip Oscillators, by Rufus P.
pattern in Fig. 5A. If you have checked the Turner. Published by Hayden Book Company, Inc.,
generator, and know that the tone outputs are 116 West 14th St., New York, N,Y. fOOli. Cat
equal, the problem will most-probably be an No. 0790. 2nd Ed, 5 3/8 by 81/4 inches, U l
inconectjy-tiet earner oscillator in your trans- pages, including index, illustrated. Price, $2.95*
mitter . This is a common problem in transceivers Kiifus Turner has been writing easy~to*read
and transmitters using high-frequency filters. The hooks oa the use of test equipment, and other
manufacturers instruction book should be consul- subjects in electronics, for a number of years- His
ted for the proper method of resetting the carrier latest effort on grid-dip meters (GDOs) is intended
oscillator. for the novice or beginner. The buok is profusely
illustrated with photographs and drawings, and the
The pattern of Fig. 5D shows the *igna[ from a text is written in simple terms with only a hint of
transmitter that is overdriven to the point where mathematics. All of the popular grid-dip oscillator
flat-topping occurs. Some distortion ts evident on circuits, homemade and commercial, are shown.
the sides of the wave envelope, and is caused by The circuits presented aren't Intended to be
heavy ale action. It can be surmised from this construction projects, but anyone with some
picture that the ale did not prevent distortion building experience should be able to work
(causing splatter) when the gain control wa* turned successfully from the information given.
up. Simply reducing the gain control setting will One interesting chapter Is devoted to the
construction of grid*dip adaptors for use with
produce the pattern in 5A. l*'ig. 5E fe a pattern signal generators. The generator provides the rf
produced by incorrect biasing on the final ampli- source to operate the device, Three possible
fier, Tf you have this problem, readjust the bias in circuits are shown. The advantage of such an
accordance the manufacturer's instructions. adaptor is that it will have the stability and
When using a single-tone input, the pattern of bandspread of the signal generator used, w h i c h 4s
Fig. Sb results if (he carrier is not sufficiently often much better than the grid-dip oscillators sold
suppressed. Readjustment uf the carrier-balance commercially*
control will remove the modulation from the Most of the hook is devoted to explanations of
how
waveform, leaving the top and bottom of the the resonate to use a grid dipper. Everything from checking
frequency of tuned circuits to uses as
envelope as straight lines. a wave meter, signal generator, Q meter, and crystal
Every amateur has the responsibility to insure checker are covered. If you own a CiDO, or plan to
that his signal is clean. When the cost of modem purchase one in the near future, Turner's book wifl
ssb equipment is considered, only a moderate *how you all the ways that this versatle test
investment is required for simple test apparatus to instrument
shack* ^ WtKLK
can he put to work around the ham
cheek a rig's performance. BEE:

May 1970 25
 Some Tips on Solid-State VFO Design
CURING SOME
BY DOUG DeMAW, *W1CER
S OLID-State VFOs are superior to tube versions
in many respects, Certainly they are more
compact, generate less drift-causing heat, and
require a less massive power supply than their tube
brothers do. But; they do present a few problems
that aren't encountered when working with tubes.
Among these peculiarities is the problem of low
rms output voltage, and the matter of low output
impedance. Additional problems arise because of a
tendency toward low^frequency oscillations and
parasitic*. Fortunately, however, all of these faults
can be resolved by observing a few simple guide-
lines when taking drafting pencil in hand, prior to
starting assembly. This article outlines the practical
way to deal with most of the problems that are
common to solid-state VFO design and application.
The Matter of Stability
When we speak of frequency stability there are
several factors to be considered - the stability of
the operating frequency, and the overall circuit
stability. The latter concerns low-frequency oscilla-
tions, low-frequency parasitica, and vhf parasitica
The stability of the operating frequency of a
transistorized VFO can generally be treated in the
same way that one would if using tubes
temperature-compensated capacitors, mechanically
rigid wires and components, and proper thermal
precautions. Because these procedures are pretty
much a matter of common practice in VFO design,
and have been treated in QSTa weighty dis-
cussion of that design facet will not be given here.
Let us examine the transistor characteristics that
contribute to the generation of spurious oscilla-
tions. For the most part, the VFO designer should
select a semiconductor that has both high beta and
f r rating. 2 A reasonably high beta will assure the
builder that the oscillator will start easily, and with
the least amount of empirical effort when estab-
lishing the feedback-network values. The higher-
beta transistors (bipolar) will require less driving
signal when used as buffers and amplifiers, which is
not true of such tow- beta devices as the popular
2N706A. The fT rating should be based on the
operatipg frequency, and as a rule of thumb it u
wise to let that be at least 10 times the proposed
operating frequency to assure reasonable efl>
+ Acting TechnlcHl Editor.
lGrammer, "VFO Stability — Recap 6 Post-
script," QST% September and October, 1966.
'Beta is the forward-current transfer ratio (com-
mon-emitter) of the transistor. (If 1 uA of base
current causes 90 uA of collector current to flow,
the beta is 90, etc,) The fr is the jg&in-bandwidth
product or f r e q u e n c y at which the rozward<current
transfer ratio (beta) (common-emitter) is unity, or
1 *
26
COMMON ILLS
Transistorized VFOs aren't difficult to build
and get operating! but they do differ in
many ways from those that use tubes. Here
are a few practical suggestions on basic
design, showing how to lessen harmonic
output, improve stability, and increase the
rms output*
ciency. That Is, if the VFO or amplifier stage is to
operate at, sayt 7 MHz, the fT should be at least 70
MHz. Another matter of concern in choosing the
transistor for the job is its maximum safe VCeo
(collector-to-emitter voltage, base open). This rat-
ing should allow for a swing that i* equal to at least
twice the supply voltage for oscillators and ampli-
fiers, or four times the supply voltage for stages
that are to be amplitude modulated.
Now that we've chosen a high-gain, high-freq-
uency transistor, let's see what can happen in a
practical circuit. First, if the constants are such
that the desired frequency range is being covered,
and assuming that the oscillator and buffer stages
are doing their intended jobs, what else might be
happening? We could have strong oscillations at
some frequency above or hclow the desired freq-
uency! Because we have employed a device, or
devices, that exhibit high beta'at 7 MHz, the
effective gain at frequencies below 7 MHz will be
even higher because of the high t> rating of the
semiconductors. In engineering jargon, the circuit
can bccome extremely "hairy,M Some forms of
low-frequency uscillation manifest themselves as
"hash" (similar to that heard in the output of a
supenegeneratfve receiver). The hash becomes
super imposed on the fundamental VFO signal, and
we've got problems. Or, the combination of circuit
and transistor junction capacitances, in combin-
ation with lead inductances and rf chokes* can
establish a resonance at some unwanted frequency.
The high-gain transistor may like what it sees, and
produce output where it is neither needed or
wanted. Similarly, high-frequency oscillations can
occur above the operating frequency,, depending
upon circuit values. The latter condition becomes
more pronounced as the f j of the transistor
increased. 'Jliat is, the closer we get to the actual
fT the less will be the likelihood of spurious vhf or
uhf oscillations, because the transistor no longer
has significant gain. So, if wc use a device whose f r
js 500 MHz, it could produce oscillations in the uhf
region if conditions were right.
Looking at the circuit of Fig. 1, a lOOohm
resistor, Rl, js used in series with the collector
supply tn 01. Low-value resistances, often as low
as 10 ohms, can be used as shown to stop parasitic
oscillations in VFOs and amplifiers. They should
be placed a* close to the collector terminal as
QST for
possible. Alternatively, two or three ferrite beads3
can be slipped over the collator- leads of Q1 and
Q2 for the purpose of preventing vhf parasitica
Since no dc resistance is involved when using the
beads, the full operating voltage will reach the
transistors;, often a design consideration if the
transistor draws considerable collector current.
Proper bypassing is essentia! to the eliminatk>n of
spurious oscillations, and it can he seen from the
previous discussion that such bypassing should be
effective at both the high and tow ends of the
frequency spectrum. Transistor Q2, Fig. 1, oper-
ates as an emitter-follower Its collector is at ac
ground hy virtue of C4 and C5, A quick reactance
calculation shows that for reasonably-effectivc
bypassing at 3.5 MHz we need approximate^ 0.05
uF of capacitance. Since that value might he a bit
marginal a 0,1-uF capacitor is used At some lower
frequency, say, 1000 kHz, I uF is needed. To play
it a 5-uF value is used, Bypass capacitor*,
ideally, should be disk ceramic or mica, not paper
or mylar. (The latter two types arc usually induc-
tive and can actually contribute to circuit instabil-
ity.) Similar treatment should be given to emitter
bypassing, where called for, 4 to dc supply lines*
and to decoupling networks between stage*. Al-
ways bypass rf for both low and high frequencies*
Stabilizing the Operating Voltage
In all of the circuits shown in this article it will
be seen that a Zener-diode regulator is used for
supply-vottagc stabilization. CRJ holds the coll-
ector <or drain, if an FET is used) at a constant dc
potential despite variations in supply voltage.
Semiconductors exhibit a marked changc in junc-
tion capacitance if the supply voltage varies.
Therefore, significant changes in the supply voltage
can shift the operating frequency of oscillators.
The Zener diode safeguards against such change* in
voltage.
Referring again to Fig. L bias resistors R1 and
R2 must be chosen to provide optimum oscillator
stability, it is an unfortunate fact that like trans-
istors, from a given production run. differ substan-
tially in their operating characteristics. Therefore,
the actual bias-resistor values should be established
tn the working circuit. By monitoring the VFO
signal on a stable receiver, the drift can be noted us
different values are tried at R1 and R2. For a given
supply voltage, a specific value of bias will be
found that will enhance the stability. Careful
attention should he paid to this part of the design
procedure. In Fig. 2, the Zener regulator also
guards against changes in bias voltage at the base of
Q2, thus minimizing pulling of the oscillator with
3when ferrite beads are slipped over a short
piecr of wire, that portion o f the wire becomes
more inductive, thus forming a vtaf choke. Nor-
mally, three or four ferrite beads <in a 1/2-inch
length of wire will provide a low-O inductance o f 2
or 8 uH, The beads are available from Amidon
Associate*, 1 2 0 3 8 Otsego St.* N. Hollywood, Ca.
91607*
4fn some instances it is helpful t o not bypass the
emitter of the amplifier for low-frequenele*, but
only for the higher signal frequency. By n o t
bypassing for If, degeneration will take place, thus
reducing the amplifiers gain at If. This can aid
stability*
May 1970
OSC
BUFFER
rwv-rwv
rrr t n 54*
++1ZV
3.9-4 Mitt
EXCEPT AS INDICATED, QCCJMAL VALUES OF
CAPACITAHCt ARE IN MICROFARADS * 11F 1 :
OTHERS ARE M PICOFARADS < pf CP jijiF);
RESISTANCE* ARE IN OHMS;
k » 1000, MM 000 000,
Fig. 1 - Representative circuit for a simple
solid-state VFO. For good stability, CI and C2
should be silver mica. C3 is a broadcast-set variable.
R4 keeps the emitter above rf ground to provide a
low-impedance takeoff point for feeding the base
of Q2. The value of R5 is selected to provide the
correct bias for Q2. The remainder of the num-
bered parts are discussed in the text.
changes in the operating point of Q2 as its bias
shifts, as it might if regulation were not used.
Another safeguard against frequency shift
brought about by changes in supply voltage is the
matter of proper rf Isolation of the VFO assembly.
It shuuld be carefully shielded, preferably in a
nigged metal housing, and incoming dc leads
should be well Filtered for rf. Feedthrough capaci-
tors and rf chokes are recommended for this.
Should rf voltage reach the transistors, along the
supply leads, instability will surely he noted.
ff
How to Reduce "Pulling
Most oscillators, tube or transistor, will show a
shift in operating frequency as the load they look
into change*. This can be a serious problem in
receivers and transmitters. Many low-cost receivers
ex hibit this pulling effect as the rf and mixer stages
are peaked by a preselector control. Or, hi some
receivers it can happen in the presence of a strong
signal, or when the rf-gain control is adjusted. It
usually means that the locaf oscillator is connected
to the mixer stage without benefit of a buffer
stage. In a transmitter, the same condition is often
noted as the stages succeeding the VFO are keyed
or tuned. There are two practical ways to attack
the problem - employ one or more huffier stages,
after the oscillator, or operate the oscillator at half
the desired VFO output frequency. For half-freq-
uency operation, the oscillator is usually followed
by a frequency doubler; or by a buffer, ami then a
frequency doublet. By combining the two tech-
niques it is possible to virtually eliminate pulling,
and this is the method the writer recommends.
Quality transistors are cheap these days, and it
seldom costs more than a dollar or two to add an
extra buffer rfage to a VFO. The rewards are well
worth the extra effort and cost. Fig. 3 shows a
dual-gate MOSFET VFO followed by two buffer
stages. The first buffer. 0 2 , operates at low power
level. 0 3 acts as a second buffer, but is designed to
amplify the VFO signal to a practical IcveL Proper
27
 osc
Fig, 2 — Typical circuit of a JFET
V F O and buffer stage. Operation
is similar to tha circuit of Fig. 1.

EKEPT Aft INDICATED, DCCIHAL

VALUES OF CAPACITANCE ARE
M MKMAtfraSlfF KOTUMI
ARC IN PICOFARADS (pF OR
RtSnTAKCtS ABE IN OHMS*,
I "1000b HI" IQQO000
•12V
1 >

EXCEPT AS INDICATED, DECIMAL VALUES OF

CMAtlTAMCE « W UWWABAQi I Jtf I ;
OTHERS ARE M PICOFARADS t #F OR MiFi;
RESISTANCES ARC IN OHMS J
I* IOOO, M" 1000 000.

Fig. 3 - Circuit for a dual-gate MOSFET V F O showing two buffer stages, harmonic-suppression
measures, and output-impedance matching. Parts values shown are typical for operation from
3-5 to 4 MHz. LI and 12 are wound on a small toroid core.. L2 should be approximately 5 uH,
and LI should have about 25 percent of the turns used for L2. SM » silver mica. CR1 is a 0.1-
volt, 1-watt Zener. Z1 and Z2 are parasitic chokes, each consisting of three Amidon ferrite beads
slipped over the collector leads of the transistors. 0 2 cen be a 300-mitliwatt NPN transistor with
high beta and f T (see text), typically a Motorola MPS3563. 0 3 should be a 2- or 3^watt NPN
with reasonable beta and high fT- A Motorola HEP-75 would work well here. Other numbered
components are discussed in the text*

osc 9-B,)MHt

EXCEPT AS IMOKATE04 DECIMAL

VAUIES OF CAPACITANCE ARC
Kl MICROFARADS CiiFt; OTHERS
ARE N PICOFARADS i pf OR
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHMS; Fig. 4 — Arrangement for using a vacuum-tube
k <1000, 14*1000000 buffer stage after a solid-state oscillator. Typical
values have been assigned to the parts.

28 QST for
rf bypassing, .is outlined earlier, is used in the
circuit. 02 operate* Class A. Q3 operates essen-
tially Class C. Ql. the oscillator, has high transcon-
ductance - up to 18,000 micromhos - thus
assuring that it will oscillate readily. It can be an
RCA 3N141 OT a Motorola MFE3008,
Reducing Harmonic Outputs,
ft is no secret to most transistor experimenters
that transistors generate rrnrc harmonics than
tubes do. This is caused by the nonlinear change in
junction capacitance during the sine-wave excur-
sion. (We mentioned earlier that the junction
capacitance changes markedly with changes in
voltage.) Therefore, we get not only the more
normal envelope-distortion harmonic generation,
but the transistor also lends itself to parametric
frequency generation. There is no way to eliminate
this characteristic at the device, so steps must be
taken to assure that the output signal from the
composite VFO is clean, if not, "birdies" will be
heard in the receiver, or spurious signals can be
radiated by the transmitter. Harmonic energy also
contributes to the drive reaching the succeeding
stages of the VFO, and this impairs their efficiency
by causing them to dissipate more power than if
the driving signal were clean.
Examination of Fig. 3 will show that a diode,
CR2, is connected between the signal gate of Q1
and ground. This diode should be designed for
high-speed switching - a 1N914 works fine - and
should be connected with its anode toward gate I,
It clamps on the positive-going half of the cycle to
prevent Ql from reaching high peak transcoin-
ductance, the time period when the output from
the oscillator is rich in harmonic energy. This
technique should be applied to any JFET OT
MOSFET oscillator, but does not work with
bipolar-trartsistor oscillators. CR2 does not impair
the performance of the VFO. Additional har-
monics can be generated at Q2 and Q3, so
attention must be given to that part of the circuit
as well. Note that the collector of Q3 is tapped
well down on L3. The tap provides an impedance
match for the circuit, but still represents a high
impedance at the harmonic frequencies, if not
located too near the cold end of L3, thus contrib-
uting to a cleaner output signal. However, even
though these precautions are taken, it is not
uncommon to find that the second and third
harmonics from a transistor output stage are only
down some 10 to 15 decibels in level from the
fundamental signal By taking the VFO output at
low impedance, L4, a tow-pass, double-section
filter can he used to diminish the harmonic to a
level that is some 30 decibels or more below that
of the desired output signaL FLt is designed for
3.5 to 4-MHz use, and assures a clean output signal
from the VFO.
VFO Output Level and Impedance
One of the things that perplexes many first-time
users of transistorized VFOs is the matter of
sufficient signal output to properly excite a trans-
mitter input stage, or to supply adequate injection
voltage to a receiver or transmitter mixer. The rms
May 1970
output of a solid-state VFO is limited by its
low-impedance output port. In the circuits of Figs,
1 and 2 the output is taken across the emitter
resistor of Q2, the buffer. Typically, the rms
output voltage al that point in the circuit will be
on the order of 0.5 to 2 volts, which is scarcly
enough to excite much of anything we might use it
with. Tube mixers can require up to several volts of
oscillator signal in order to function properly. Most
solid-state transmitters need from 3 to 10 volts of
drive on the base of the first power stage* and a
reasonable amount of driving power in needed to
satisfy this requirement. Driving power is generally
required by the grid of the first stage of a tube
transmitter. The VFO should, therefore, be capable
of supplying from 0,5 to 1 watt of power output.
The Class-C amplifier, Q3, of Fig. 3, can provide
the needed power output. Should1 the driven stage
present a low-impedance to the VFO, output can
be taken directly from the side of FL1 opposite
Q3« If, however, the driven stage of the transmitter
or receiver has a high input impedance, some
method must be used to provide the required
impedance transformation, low to high. A broad-
band toroidal step-up transformer, Tl, is used for
this purpose in Fig. 3. The secondary of the
transformer is resonant somewhere in the operating
range of the VFO, and takes advantage of the stray
circuit capacitance, normally around 10 pF„ to
establish resonance. The impedance-transformation
ratio is set by adjusting the number of turns on the
primary winding. Alternatively, Tl can be replaced
by a tuned circuit of conventional design. It can be
equipped with a fixed-value capacitor and a slug-
tuned inductor, or a fixed-value inductor can be
used with a variable capacitor to permit peaking
the output at the operating frequency. The use of a
tuned circuit will assure somewhat better effi-
ciency than will the broadband transformer, Tl.
Thus, it can be seen that the circuit must be
tailored to the need.
Some Final Remarks
If the solid-state VFO is to be a part of a
tube-type transmitter or receiver, it might be
worthwhile to consider using a vacuum-tube buffer
stage, operated Gass-A, between the oscillator and
the stage being excited. Figure 4 shows a typical
arrangement for doing this. Since most transmitters
and receivers require a 150-volt regulated supply at
some point in the circuit, operating voltage for the
transistors can be taken from that line through a
dropping resistor, then Zener-dlode regulated as
shown. There is no reason why that next oscillator
you're planning to build cannot be transistorized.
Some of the suggestions given here may save you a
few headaches during the debugging stage of the
project. Wgy—I
SWITCH
TO SAFETY!
29
 (BSGITUWL ANXL TIMUJL

A Solid-State Selectoroid
A udio Selectivity With a Simple Device

BY LEWIS G. McCOY,* Wl ICP

O NE OF the more serious problems the Novice

has to contend with is QRM. The Novice
band&, particularly 80 and 40 meters., can become
very congested at times, and trying to copy a
desired station can sometimes be very difficult. To
make the problem even worse, many Novice* start
out in amateur radio using low-priced receivers that
are lacking in selectivity. While it is possible to
rework a receiver to improve the selectivity, most
Novices are reluctant to dig into a receiver to make
changes. This is understandable because it does
take a certain amount of know-how and experience
to modify equipment.
On the other hand, it can be very difficult to
separate stations in a congested band if the receiver The Selectoroid Is housed in a homemade alumi-
has poor selectivity.. Many newcomers have the the num box. Two aluminum U-shaped channels are
used for the case.
mistaken notion that the answer is to have more
bandspxead on their receivers. However, this is simplest, because it doesn't necessarily require any
rarely the case. internal modifications to the receiver, is called
Basically, bandspread is the ability of a receiver audio selectivity. The Selectoroid, described in this
to cover a given frequency range by "spreading" article, is a device that wilt provide such selectivity.
the band out on the tuning dial- However, it It is easy to build and get working, and can prove a
doesn't mean that two stations that areoperating real boon under QRM conditions.
dose together are more separated. It just means
that jttu can tune across the two stations at a How It Works
slower rate. The ability of a receiver to separate Let's take a moment to visualize how a receiver
stations that are close together is called selectivity9 works as far as selectivity is concerned. Also, let's
or the ability to select the desired signal, and suppose we are going to tune the Novice portion of
discriminate against others. the Sfl-meter band, 3700 to 3750 kHz. Just for an
There are many methods by which the selec- illustration, let's assume our tuning dial is a
tivity of a receiver can be improved. One of the window that we can move up and down the band
* Novice Editor as we operate the tuning dial. Our window has *
certain width, and this width can be callcd the
bandwidth of the receiver. Any signals that appear
(A)
in the window, can be heard. Hg. f, at A, is an
T illustration of this window and represents the
3700 im Novice portion of the hand.
kHz In order to hear cw signals, we need a beat-
frequency oscillator signal in our window. As we
move our window, the BFO signal moves right
along with the window. Now, let's suppose there is
a signal at 3725 kHz, as in Fig, 1 at B. As our BFO
signal approaches the other signal, the two signals
beat against one othcr^ resulting in a signal that is
aro the audio difference between the two. If our BFO
THESE StKALS is 3000 Hz away from the desired signal, wc would
MOT HEAKk^ these signals
NOT HEARD
CO
MOO
111/fTiPNi
am
—F~
3?ao
In December l%6 QST we described a
tube version of a selective audio Alter. The
kHz
unit was called a Selectoroid. Here is a
Fig. 1 — This drawing illustrates the discussion in transistorized version of the same unit.
the text.

30 QST for
 FILTER AMPLIFIER

FigC 2 - Circuit diagram of the solid-state Selectoroid. ere in

up, resistances are in ohms, and all resistors are watt, Circuit
designations not given below ere for parts placement reference.

BT1 — 9*volt battery, L I , L 2 - SfrmH toroid. See text,

C1 ,C3 — 0.47-u F paper. Q1 - 2 N 2 9 2 5 .
C2 - O A l - u F disk ceremlc. S1 - 2pdt toggle (See text).
C4,C7 - 10-uF electrolytic, 15 working volts or S2 ~ Spst toggle.
higher. T1 - Transistor output transformer, 3-ohm voice
C5 - 25-uF electrolytic, 15 working volts or coil, 500-ohm primary, primary center tap
higher. not used, (Lafayette Radio catalog No. 99 H
J1 - Headphone jack. 6123).

Fig. 3 - This drawing shows the method for

connecting the toroid windings to obtain the
required 88-mH inductance.

SOLOtR

Inside view of the audio filter.

Most of the parts are mounted
on an etched-circuit board
(left). L brackets are shown on
the left and right edges of the
bottom cover. These are used
as anchor points for the top
cover when it is attached.
Sheet-metal screws hold the
top cover to the brackets.

May 1970 31
hear a 3000-Hz tone in our headphones. As the
BFO signal is moved closer to the desired signal,
the difference decteasaa, and the resulting tone get*
lower and lower in pitch. When the two signals are
on the tame frequency, they are said to be zero
beat and there will be no tone in our headphones.
As we continue to tune the BPO signal in the
xaioe direction, past the other signal* the difference
between the two increases and the audio note also
rises in pitch. The side of the signal we are fiot
listening to is called tlie audio imajte signal.
Let's assume that our window is 16,000 llz wide
f l 6 kHz). If our desired signal was at the edge of
the window* and our BFO at the exact center* we
would start hearing an 8000-Hz tone* gradually
decreasing in pitch until we reached zero beat, and
then increasing as the window was moved past the
desired signal.
' From the example just given* it should be
apparent that if we had two signals in the window,
at opposite tide* of the BFO, we would hear both
signals because the BFO would beat against both.
In the ideal setup, the BFO signal should be set
near the edge of the window, as m \rig. 1 at C.
tJnder these conditions, the BFO can only beat
against signals that are to one side of the BFO and
inside the window. This type of selectivity is called
single-signal selectivity, because the audio image of
FOIL SIDE SHOWN
ETCHED AREA SHADED
Fig. 4 — Layout of the etched-eircuit board. The etched, or foil side is
shown. (Ready-made circuit boards can be purchased from Stafford Elect-
tonics. 427 S. Benbow Rd.t Greensboro, N.C. 24701J
32
the signal is not heard* Also, it follows that the
narrower the window, the more the undesired
ftignal* will be rejected.
If the Novice is shopping for a new receiver* he'll
find that most of the better receivers have built-in
filters that usually provide a "window*1 of about
2100 Hz <11 kHz). The reason that this figure is
chosen is because 2100 Hz is about as narrow as
one can get and still provide good Intelligibility of
phone signals. With the BFO set on the edge uf
such a passband, only signals within the passband
will be heard* In some receivers, the purchaser may
have the option of buying an additional filter for
cw. These are usually on the order of 500 Hz, and
some arc as sharp as 200 Hz. (
Naturally, the question many newcomers would
ask is, "Can I install such a filter in niy present
receiver?" The answer is yes, but as pointed out
earlier, it isn't an easy task for a ncwcomcr who
ddesn't have the know-how. This leads us up to the
SetectOfoid - a method for improving the selec-
tivity in the audio channel, or at the output end of
the receiver.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the Selectoroid.
'The important parts of the unit are the two tuned
circuits, C1L1, and C3L2. These are sharply-
resondnt circuits tuned to approximately 800 Hz.
When our window and BFO are tuned across a
QST for
sighal, all the audio range of the signal will be
attenuated with the exception of a very narrow
portion of the signal around 800 l b . The listening
effect is that whpn the receiver is tuned to 800 liz,
the cw note will peak quite sliarply. Or in other
words, the filter will ''select" that portion of the
signal around 800 l b and attenuate everything
else. No modifications of the receiver are required,
and the only connections needed are to the speaker
terminals on the receiver.
Because there is some audio loss through the
Seitctordid, an audio amplifier stage, Ql f was
added to the Unit The unit i$ powered by a 9-volt
battery. The drain on the battery is only a couple
of milliainperes, so BT1 should last almost as long
as its normal shelf life. S i is a double-pole,
doubtethxow toggle switch that is used to switch
the. Selectoroid in or out.
Construction Information
r The inductors used for LI and L2 are types
made, for teletype units and you'll find them
advertised in QST Ham Ads every month. The
prices vary, but the toroids can usually be obtained
for about 50 cents each. As they come, the toroidB
have two windings on them. These winding* must
be connected fn series in order to obtain the
required 88-mll inductaiicc. Fig* 3 is a sketch that
shows how the Windings should be connected. Be
sure to scrape the enamel covering from the wires
before soldering them together.
In the unit shown, an ctched-circuit board is
used for mounting the components. Fig. 4 shows
the etched side of the board with the various
components marked off as lines to show their
placemeht cm the board. All the components are
mounted on the unetched side of the board. A
recent artifcle in QST1 covered the construction of
etched-circuit board* in considerable detail, so the
subject won't be treated here. Layout of the circuit
is not at all critical, and any arrangement of the
parts will work, . vention in June. ARCEA convention delegates with
When mounting the transistor on the etched-
circuit board, be sure to use a heat sink on the
leads being soldered. This will prevent damage to
the transistor. We mounted the completed board in
a homemade (ow^profile cabinet, as shown in the
photograph. The dimensions for the box, made
from cookie-sheet aluminum, are 5 x 5 inches, with
a l-inch high lip on the front and back. The toggle
switches used axe of the miniature type, and if the
normal-size toggles are used, the back and front tip
of the box should be 1 1/2 inches high. You don't
have to build the unit exactly as shown, as any size
box tptt will hold the parts will work. However,
we like the low-profile enclosure because it taket
up less desk space than a larger cabinet would.
(n order to keep the bottom side of the etched
board from shorting to the metal chassis, a piece of
stiff cardboard is mounted between the inetal
chassis and the bottom of the board. Make sure,
however, that there is a good connection from the
metal chassis ground to the copper-foil ground on
the etched-circuit board.
IScMeboM, "Fast'* 1 Easy Printed Circuits,"
QST, August, 1969.
May
Using Tbe Selectoroid
After the unit is completed it should be hooked
up to the station receiver. The two leads from the
Selectoroid can be connected to the voice coil
terminals oh the receiver, or at the speaker. The
input of the Selectoroid is designed for 3- to 8-ohm
impedance, which should be in the range of your
speaker's impedance* The leads from the Selec-
toroid can be connected directly in parallel with
the speaker leads if desired. However, some usefs
might like to have the speaker shut off while
listening with the headphones. All that is necessary
in such a case is a single-pole switch to open one of
the speaker leads when the Selectoroid is in use. Be
sure you connect, the Selectoroid leads on the
receiver side of the switch, otherwise you'll be
shutting off the input to both the speaker and the
Selectoroid.
All you need do to use the Selectoroid is tune in
a cw iignat As you tunc across the signal you'll
hear a sharp peak around the ROO-Hz region*
Switching the Selectoroid in and out of the
receiver output will quickly show you just how
much the unit eliminates QRM. As was said earlier,
this is an easy and cheap method for improving
your receiver's performance. wiM
tefe- S t r a y s 1ft
Ham Radio at AFCEA - 1970
On-the air ham radio facilities will be provided
by the U.S. Navy's Washington voice in the
amateur radio fraternity, K4NAA, operating daily
from the Sheraton Park Hotel in Washington, D.C.
during the three days of the Armed Forces
Communication and Electronics Association Con-
amateur radio licenses are invited to take advantage
of the Navy's ham radio station to contact friends
during the convention on June 2. 3, and 4.
The K4NAA fixed portable station will be
operational from 0900 to 2200 EDST with two
available positions for cw, ssb, and RTTY on the
10-, 15-, 20% 40*»and 80-meter hands.
A speciailv designed QSL card has been
prepared to acknowledge contacts with licensed
amateurs throughout the world who are invited to
make contact durjng the AFCEA convention.
The Navy and AFCtiA invite all amateur radio
enthusiasts to visit K4NAA on June 2, 3, and4.
mmm > i « i v
Feedback
There is a dimenstonal discrepancy in the
drawing of the meter repeater antenna shown in
January, 1970 QST page 24. The 1844-inch dimen-
sion is the length of the pipe insert. The J9^»inch
dimension is correct for the stub length. Thanks to
W90FL for calling this to our attention.
The Post Office Department promises faster mail
aervioe with the new Zip codes. Use yours when you
write League Headquarter*. Use ourat too. I t ' s
06111.
33
 A Lightweight 10-and 15-Meter Beam
with 5 Elements on Each Band .
1-7.L _
; i
t. t- ^
SEE" • S A iv m • w
M W I >b W ^fcl • I K j
fig. I—W5KTR's antenna system for 40 through 10 meters. Minimum wind
loading Is a feature of Hie design. The beam closest to the fop of the tower Is the
10/15-meter Yagi described In Hie article.
B Y R I C H A R D C. F E N W I C K , *
HE D X content, operator is faced with mora-
T stringent antenna requirements than most
other amateur-radio specialists, primarily
because a good signal is a must un all bands.
The ubiquitous triband beam is the simplest
solution, but more than this U required to rise
above the multitude in the pileups, or to get
pileups of DX stations to call you. .Eventually,
the serious DX contester faces two alternatives.
Either he becomes resigned to using a tribander
and, perhaps, a small 40-meter beam, or he puts
up separate beams on each band. The latter is
a major step, often requiring larger or additional
towers, heavy-duty rotators, and exotic mast
material The extent to which these will be re-
quired depends primarily on the design of the
beams themselves. If the beams are designed for
low weight and drag (wind area), the require-
toenta placed upon the supporting structure aj-e
reduced. Fortunately, such beams are-available
commercially, with 2 elements on 40 metera and
up to 4 elements on 20, 15, and 10.
in order to reduce the Nupport requirements
even further, it becomes desirable to interlace
some of the beams on a single boom- The most
logical candidates for this approach are the
I0« and IOmeter beams. Commercial 3-element
dual-banders for 10 and 15 meters are available,
but performance is likely to be the same as a
tribander. Thus, if better performance i* desired
on these bands, separate beams must be used, or
one must resort to building his own.
*1flftl Province town Lane. ftichftrdson. Texas 73080.
34
,!
•
* - jt -
; -a -
ft--
b^^k
W5KTR
The author has been, as you might suspect,
caught up in the syndrome described above. The
result in shown in Fig. I. The beams are, from
top to bottom, a liy-Gain 4U2BA 2-element 40-
meter beam at 02 feet, a ily-Gain 2U4BA
Element 20-meter beam at 82 feet, and a home-
made beam for 10 and 15 meters with 5 active
elements on each band, at 72 feet. The mast is
24 feet of "normalised" 4130 alloy-steel tubing,
2 inches OD with V^-inch walL A Ham-M rotator
successfully turns the arrays, but not without
some difficulty in winds above 15 mph. The tower
is a Tristao TWS 771, a 71-foot, self-supporting,
crank-up type. The tower, mast, and beams are
rated to withstand Xfl-mph winds, and have soeu
winds of at least 70 mph.
Beams were selected that hud small (2-inch.I
diameter booms with tapered wall thickness and
taperowaged elements, which result in minimum
weight and drag. The (0- and 15-mctcr beam was
constructed using the driven element, beta
match, boom-to-mast bracket, and part of the
^Hector from a ITy^Jahi JDB-101A beam. Sepa-
rate parasitic elements are used for each band.
Total weight of the beam is just under 60
pounds, much lighter than commercially-made
5-eiement 15-meter beams.
Fewer amateurs are building thnir own hf
beams these days, and for some very good
reasons. First, obtaining the material can be a
very frustrating experience. Second, complete
commercial beams can be purchased for Utile
more than the amateur would have to pay for
QST for
the aluminum tubing to build his own. However,
since nothing was available commercially which
remotely resembled the antenna which we
wanted, the expenditure uf a reasonable amount
of effort and money on the 10- and 15-mctur
beam project seemed justified.
Electrical Design
A 5-element Iraam was decided upon because of
boom length arid diameter considerations. Less
than 1 dB additional gain would be obtained
with ft element*, which would require an increase
in boom length uf about lt> feet.1 Of equal
importance was the desire to base Ihn design on
that of au existing antenna to eliminate the
necessity for a eut-and-rry tune-up procedure.
Fortunately, the author had built a ^-element
6-meter beam a few years back which turned out
to be ideal a* a scale model upon which to bane
the design of the 10- and (5-nieber beam. The
6-meter beam was in turn based on a handbook
design,4 with one important difference — tapered
elements were lised, in steps of and
r
inch. fhe author found out (the hajtl way, of
course) that because of the taper the element
lengths had to be increased by nearly 10 percent
over the handbook valuer This phenomenon
renders most elements length graphs, tables, and
formulae useless when severely-tapered element
are desired.
The 6-meter beam wan evaluated on the Collins
Kadio Company antenna-pattern range, jmd
1
The ARKt* Anltnw Book, Tenth Edition, p, Iflfi.
Fig. 2—Element lengths cmd diameters for the interlaced Yogis. All element diameters ore in Vvt
itepsf except as noted. A Tri-Ex H-13 154- to 2»indi most adapter is attached between Hie 10- and 15-meter first dirftdorx.
May 1970
found to give an FJ-plane beamwidth of 50 der
grefw and H-plane beauiwidth of about til dcr
greet at a frequency where the front-to-hack
ratio was in the 20-dB region. Calculated gain for
these beam widths is 9 dB over a half-wave
dipole, about 0.8 dB less than that expected
with an optimum-length boom. Narrower beam-
widths were observed at higher frequencies, but
the front-to-back ratio degraded quite rapidly
AS frequency was increased. The design of the 10-
and 15-meter beam was optimised for the low
end of the phone bands, with element lengths
scaled so that maximum fronMo-bark ratio
occurred near or slightly below the low-frequency
edge of the phono band. These lengths are shown
in tig, 2. A 32-foot boom was selected as a
compromise between the scaled value (28 feet)
and the recommended optimum value (37 feet).-
It was found iu the 6-meter beam tests that the
radiation patterns are relatively insensitive to
boom-Length variations of at leant 10 percent,
hut there was some evidence that the back-lobe
level* were lower with the longer boom. It is
also noted thai, the commercially-available S-
clcment 15-rneter beams use about 32-foot booms.
Another difference between the final design
dimensions and the scaled dimensions is greater
space between the second and Ihird 10-meier
directory for aesthetic reasons as much as any
other.
The "beta match" from the DB-lOlfi beam
was used in ite entirety, as shown in Fig. 3, A
and 7/16-inch
35
Fig. 3—Feed-point detail. Part* used In the beta match
and driven element ore from a Hy-Gain D8-I0I5 antenna.

ELEMENT INSULATOR
POMTTUUN* CLAMP
STAC* IM" mK INSULATOR

STRAP
TO COAX HNQD

perfect match was obtained at resonance on 15
meters, but the minimum HWR on 10 meters is
about 1JJ;1. The low-HWtt fetishist should try
Longer beta tubes, The dimensions shown in Fig.
2 give resonances at 21.2 Mils and 28.45 MHz.
Ten-meter resonance may be altered by changing
the length of the driven element inboard of the
traps.
There in no reason why any fype uf 10-meter
trap could not be used in the driven element.
The trap does not have to be the one used on a
DB-I015 beam. In fact, separate driven elements
for each band tied to the same beta match would
abound, and fed into the other tube. The braid
is connected to each half element using a short
strap and tubing clamp. The feed point of the
antenna is effectively at the center of the coax
loop, between the two halves of the driven
element* At this point the braid of the coax is
cut and soldered to f>he center conductor on the
tilde away from the transmitter. The feed point,
element and beta-match attachment points
nhould be weatherproofod with wilioone-nibber
compound and plastic tape.
M m c h a m c a l D*mign

probably be better from, the standpoint of band-
width and losses than a single driven element
with traps. However, it is not believed that
the loss in the traps i* of consequence.
Fig, 3 also shows a balun built into the match*
ing system. This balun was described in a
previous article.* As can be seen, the coax cable
is simply fed through one beta tube, looped
8 Kenwick, "Matching with Homemade Balun*," QtiT,
October, 1U88, P P l 46-48.
Boom construction detail is shown in Fig. 4.
A material list is given in Table I, not including
miscellaneous hardware Items. The boom braces
i wed are the only material in the antenna not
likely to be generally available (,to way the
leasts. They are alloy-steel wing struts from a
Stearman Biplane, uf elliptical cross section,
These were used because they are ideally suited
for this application without modification, and be-
cause they were available, courtesy of W5MVK.

Pig. -4—Boom attembly. See text for details on the

boom brace.

3 6 QST for

Toblm I
List of Material
(Hy-Gain part numbers in parentheses)
BOOTH
3 2-in. OD x 12-ft. 6061-T6 aluminum tub-
ing, .0584n. wall.
2 1%-in. OD x 12-ft. 6061-T6 aluminum
tubing, ,058-in. wall.
1 XH-hu OD x 12-ft. 6061-T6 aluminum
tubing, -058-uu wall.
2 Boom-to-mast bracket (164645).
1 Wet. of boom braces (see text).
* Driven Element
2 Element-to-boom bracket (165107).
2 Driven-element insulator (4ft5833).
2 Feed-point tubing clamp (168695).
2 I H x36>£-m. aluminum tubing (190903).
2 52-in. aluminum tubing, swaged to
H-hx ID. (190303).
2 10-meter trap (872804).
2 7/16 x 17#-in. aluminum tubing
(171937).
2 Beta Lubes, H x 17 in. (171938).
1 Aborting clamp, boom to beta, 2-in.
ID (171077).
1 Beta sleeve, 5/16 x 11/Ifi in. (171131).
2 Betarmatch shorting strap (171162).
1 Clamp for betarmatch support (I77R88).
I Beta-match support insulator (465595).
1 Betiwmatch top insulator (465600).
Parasitic Elements
16 % * 48-in. aluminum tubing, swaged to
^-in. ID,
16 % x 48-in. aluminum tubing, swaged to
7/lfi-in. ID,
16 7/16 x 48-in. aluminum tubing.
14 Element-to-boom bracket (163764) for
J4-hx. tubing.
2*1 x 46-in. aluminum tubing (190904).
2*1 H x 55-in. aluminum tubing, swaged
to 74-in. ID (190305).
2*Rlftment-to-boom bracket (163766) for
lj£-in. tubing.
•From DB-1015 beam.
Aircraft cable should work nearly a* well for
the boom braccs, although no lateral bracing
would be provided and Jess vibration damping
would be obtained.
All of the parasitic elements of the beam are
constructed of three standard 4-foot lengths of
tapeisswaged tubing available from Hy-Gain with
diameter* of and inch. Hy-Gain
boom-to-element brackets are also used. The
15-meter reflector, in addition, requires tubing
section* from the DB-1015. The length of each
section of tubing is cut to provide a minimum
of 3 inches of overlap with the larger-diameter
section, llose clamps, sheet-metal screws, or
Hy-Gain tube clamps of the most recent design
May 1970
are recommended for connecting the tubing
sections.
As an alternative LO tapers waged tubing,
ordinary tubing of the same diameters (with
shims between the section*) could be used. The
builder who does nut require minimum wind load
may use telescoping tubing with .058-inch wail
thickness. Diameters of J4 f % f and inch
could be used, for example. The boom described
appears to be strong enough to handle the
increased load imposed by larger-diameter ele-
ments.. The elements must be shortened by
probably ab least 5 percent from Fig. 2 lengths
if elements with less taper are used.
The cost of materials for the 10- and 15-metcr
beam can be as low as $110 or more thau $200,
plus the cost of DB-1015 parte, depending on
where the builder obtains his material 1 The
author's cost was near the lower figure. The
tubing for the boom weighs 28 pounds, for which
an average price of $1.55 per pound was paid.
However, quotations for the tubiug ranged all
the way from $1.30 to over $4 per pound. The
wide variation in prices of tubing from one
supplier to another is truly beyond compre-
hension. The autenna builder will be well re-
warded if he obtains quotations from numerous
metals suppliers before purchasing his aluminum.
Such suppliers are listed in the Yellow Pages
under "Aluminum" and "Tubing," Only the
largest warehouses are likely to have ail of the
material for the boom hi stock, however. Prices
are also generally lower at the larger suppliers,
but there companies tend to be 1<HN hospitable to
individuals than to industrial buyera.
Eight complete 15-meter beam elements, in-
cluding mounting hardware, were purchased
from lly-Gain for $8 per element*. Kirk Elec-
tronics, Dayton, Ohio, is the only other known
source for taper-swaged elements.
Performancm
The beam appears to perform as expected on
both bauds, with no evidence of interaction.
E-plane beamwidtha are about 50 degrees and
frontnto-back ratios are iu the 15- to 17-dB
range at the low end of the phone bauds. Greater
than 20-dfi front-to-back has been observed in
the 15-meter cw band. No gain measurements
have been made, but results ou 15 meters in
particular seem noticeably superior to those
obtained with the DB-1015. Such observations
are highly subjective, to be sure, hut based on
contest results, the project must be considered
worthwhile. BBT—I
+ Hy-Gain'* price for DR-lOlfi parts listed in Table I it
$57.55.
SWITCH
TO SAFETY!
37
 Transistors
Part 7—Transistor Biasing Circuits

ROBERT E. STOFFELS*

N Pari K our discussion centered about the circuit parameters (which is another way of say-*

I foodftne- that line which shows the p i r a t - ing differences of resistance, beta, voltage, etc.)
ing characteristics of a transistor in a par- make it necessary to utilize certain circuit tricks
ticular circuit. We found that by plotting the in ordftr to establish and maintain a specific
current in the emitteisco lloctor circuit v«, the operating point.
voltage across the emitter-collector portion of
the transistor, we obtained a straight line for any
particular circuit. At the one extreme o£ this line 9hov, v
was a point of aero current, and voltage equal to
the supply voltage. At the other end of this line
was & point of isero voltage, aud current equal to
the supply voltage divided by arty external 10 K
resistance in the emitter-collector circuit.
We found that no matter how much current
was drawn from the base-emitter circuit (and
thus no matter how much the resistance of the
emitter-collector changed) a point depicting tliti
current in and the voltage across the transistor
would always fall on this load line. Fig. 7-1 —Bio* drcult with 10,000-ohm rnistor to iwgotlve
Thus, if we take a particular transistor, with a battery.
particular beta, in a particular circuit, and (a)
plot the load line, (h) measure or calculate the
base current, (c) multiply this base current by A circuit we used previously is shown again in
beta to-obtain collector current, and (d) plot this Fig. 7-1, and the load line for this circuit is
collector current on the curve showing the load shown iu Fig. 7-2, Notice that point A is located
line, we can immediately determine t-ha voltage at the point of supply voltage and wro current.
:tcmss the emitters-collector circuit from the load Point Ji is located at the point of zero voltage, and
line and the plotted ^iterating point. Normally, a current equal to the 10 volts divided by the 1U0
we will find that this operating point is designed ohms external resistance. The bias circuit iu
to be about midway between tlm saturation Fig. 7-1 is a simple lOfcU iwistor to negative
point and the cutoff point. Thisraakeait possible battery* Thus the base current in this circuit is
to indroduce an an signal (which adds to and I O V / 1 0 * 1 mA. Now if the collector current
subtracts from the dc bias current) and to is equal thelmse current times beta (and for ail
cause changes in the emittejvcollcctor circuit practical purposes this is quite satisfactory)
which in turn cause excursions in each direction and if beta of this particular transistor is SO,
jdong the load tine. then the collector current will be 50 mA> This is
shown as point C on the curve of Fig. 7-2.
We shall find this month that the t*xact means
uf providing this dc bias current is nob nearly Unfortunately, however, all transistors of a
so simple as we would like it k> he. Variations in given type do not have a constant beta. That is,
although the 2NJ3Q3 has a guaranteed beta of
* Director, RAX Operations, Airtomat.fr JfeflfAtne Labora-
tories Ino., Northlako, IIL 60154. This turie* in rrpriufccd at least 20, more than likely the beta will vary
from Telephone h'ngirwr £ Mann^meni, BrookhiU 1mMibIi- from 20 to 30LL Let's assume in our particular
j
ing Company. WliflHton* Illinois 001*7, circuit that the bete of th«transistor is 20; in this
case the 1-mA base current times the beta of
20 gives us a collector current of *J0 mA» This is
shown as point D. If the next 2N1303 has a beta
of 80, we will get a collector current of 1 mA
times 80, or SO mA. This is shown us point E on
Mg. 7-2. If we toally go to an extreme, and find
a 2N1303 with a beta uf 100, then we end up with
our transistor biased at point B. Naturally this

38 QST for
iB the saturation point, and increasing the beta
of the transistor beyond this point will nut result
in a larger current.
(Caution: This circuit and these values were
chosen because they are easy to work with- You
will note that at point C the power dissipation
in the transistor is 50 mA times 5 volts, or 250
mW. Since the 2N1303 is only rated at, 150 mW,
this circuit, using this transistor and these
resistors, should not be assembled.)
Fig. 7-2—Load line for circuit shown in Fig. 7-1.
Obviously the above method of biasing is not
satisfactory; the current in the transistor is
completely dependent upon the beta of the
transistor, and we simply cannot get the same
beta in all transistors of a particular type. There-
fore we must iind some method of biasing which
overcomes this difficulty — a method that will
result in a constant collector current regardless
of the beta of the transistor.
Such a method is shown in the circuit of Fig.
7-3, You will note that we have added two addi-
tional resistors — /£* and Ifa — and have nut
specified tlie resistance of the fit resistor. For this
resistor and for resistor K* let us chose values
that will give us a voltage at point A' of about
volts. (This is, of course, nothing more than a
simple voltage-iUvider circuit.) Now let us
examine what happeus in this circuit instant by
instant.
Initially there is no current in resistor R*
nor in XL, nor in the transistor. Thus the voltage
at point Y is ground, or zero volts. Since the
voltage at point X is volts, and since the
emitter-base junction of a transistor is little more
than a diode, current will start to How from point
Y tu point X. This current, will create a voltage
ilrop across resistor Ag, and current will start,
to flow in the transistor. The voltage at point Y Fig. 7-3—Method of biasing to overcome variations tn
is now, say, - 1 volt. Thus the difference in
May 1970
potential between point Y and point Ar is still
present, although it is no longer as great as it was.
So in our second step a little more current
starts to flow in the emitters-base junction, and
this, of course, turns the transistor on a little
harder, resulting in a somewhat larger collector
current. There is also a larger emitter current,
resulting in a larger voltage drop across resistor
RZ9 making the voltage at point Y more negative,
tat us say that this voltage is now —2 volts.
For our third and final step, assume that the
voltage across the emitter-base junction of the
transistor is approximately zero volts (actually,
of course, it will be several tenths of a volt).
Since the potential at point X is still more nega-
tive than the potential at point Y, still more
current starts to flow in the emitter^base junction
of the transistor, resulting in more collector
current, and in more emitter current. This in-
creased emitter current causes a larger voltage
drop to appear across resistor and in a very
short time the potential at point Y will be —3
volts. Since this is exactly the same as the poten-
tial at point Xf this action stops, and we have
reached "steady state" condition. Notice that if
we had somehow obtained a still larger current
in the emitter circuit (I don't know where you
would get it, but let's see what happens), then
the potential at point Y would have become
more negative than the potential at point A';
the emitter-base junction uf the transistor would
have been back-biased (remember it is similar
tn a diode) and the transistor would have turned
off. This would have cut down the current in the
emitter, and this would have caused the potential
at point Y to move in a positive direction.
Please nute that the characteristics uf the
transistor, and the value of the collector resistor,
are almost immaterial. We simply adjust the
circuit parameters so that the resistance of
emitter resistor times the emitter current
(which is the potential at point Y) is equal to
the resistance of R* times the current in this
resistor (which is the potential at point X). This
results in a constant collector current.
beta of transistor.
 There are, of course, several factors which
must be kept in mind when performing such an
analysis. In the first place, the emitter current
and the collector current are not exactly the
same. They differ by the amount of bane current,
and t>hisT uf course, brings in beta, Hut for aU
practical purposes the beta of a transistor is so
high that the difference between the emitter
current and the collector current is negligible,
tfecnndly, the base current, flowing in resistor
B\ (where else can it go?), will somewhat affect
the voltage at point X. This can be lakeu care
of by making resistors Ri and R% aufficiently
small so that the current in these resistors is
large with respect to the base current. (Don't
make them so small, however, that they get hot
and the battery runs down!) A good rule uf
thumb is that if une current is ten times the
smaller current, then the smaller current can
be completely ignored.
Thirdly, as mentioned above, there will be
some voltage drop across the emitters-base junc-
tion of the transistor, and this should be taken
into account when determining the operating
point. And fourth, the resistance of must be
taken into account when analyzing the ac
portion of the circuit. For if we drop 3 volts
across this resistor (as we did in the example)
then we only have 7 volts to be divided up be-
tween the transistor and the load resistor. Thiq
cuts down on the amplifying capabilities of the
circuit. We will find that if Hz is madb . quite
small, then R\ ami R* should be similarly small,
and this results iu excessive battery drain. So
we must at all times compromise. " You pay yoxir
money and you get your choice" — and some-
times you just don't get much choice. ,
So It is not possible to say that a circuit
must be designed in such ur so a way — there
are just too many variables! and too many com-
promises which must be effected.
Let us now go through the formulas which tell
us just how big a certain resistor should be, and
just what current will flow in the transistor (this
of course is equivalent to saying wliat the steady-
state operating characteristics will be).
Equation (5) is an expression for the collector
current in terms of the supply voltage, th£ two
bias resistors, and the emitter resistor (notice
that the load resistor isn't even involved). This
equation (which really isn't too complicated t<>
solve) is very valuable for determining just
where on the load line a transistor is supposed
to be operating. You will note tliat the "ap-
proximately equal" sign covers those points
brought out previously.
Equation (6) is useful in the design of circuits.
That is, when we know the supply voltage and
the collector and emitter resistors we can draw
the load line. Then we can choose an operating
point. If, now, we had a value for resistor 11% we
could use this equation and determine what
resistor R\ should be. £n order to simplify tilings
we can say that, as a general rule, resistor ft* is
made between five and ten times as big as re-
sistor ifr. Thus if resistor /fo is 68 ohms, we
40
Letting ° emitter current
collector current
R « supply ^voltage
then in the circuit of Fig. 7-3:
U) /. - & 00 /. - fe
Wince Z?eb 0 Then:
f 3) Ex* « Em i'v - tfx)
If
Let/r - j-r-^-iwheieitf" XOvJThen:
fC\ •+• A !
(4) JEm - =-+8-fit XRs
fr X A - Si
A xb
Hi + R*
From equations (3), (3), and (4);
<o> /
(Hi +JfcTX A
Then from equation (5):
X itfii + /fa) X R*\ « E X Sa
I* X IRt X A + R* X R*\ ** R
X Hi X & + / X A X A » E X R
1% X Rx X R* ~ X Ht - X A X
0
Therefore;
Rt £XR% - I*XR*X A
t+X A
MX Rt i « X AX A
JTXA ^ " f*X A
and;
m *> EXR*
Rz
(6j Rl ™ 7/u- TXT V - lit
Note:
(."• means lc therefore " )
(*» means 11 approximately equal t o " )
mJm
< would normally make resistor R* somewhere be-
tween 340 ohms and 080 ohms. When i2y is made
to be MO uhnis we often draw an excessive
arnuunt uf current in the bias resistors H\ and
/Zsi but we can stabilize uur collector current
In a very fine degree. On the other hand when
resistor ft* is 680 ohms, we nuve current drain in
the bias network, but our collector current will
shift some.
Thus we have (>oth a graphical means and on
arithmetical means for determining the oper-
ating characteristics of a transistor in a particular
circuit. VVe tiave learned how we can provide u
bin* network that will maintain a chosen col-
lector current regardless of the heta of the par-
ticular transistor. Then.- are, of course, other
methods for biasing a transistor m that it will
maintain a steady, drown cultertor current, but
without question this is the most popular, and
certainly it is very effective. Becaiwe this method
requires only a Kingle battery it ta sometimes
fcnown.iw "single-battery biasing stabilisation.'1
When a transistor is so biased — that is, when
the collector tfirrent is maintained in such a
manner that the incoming ae signal will cause
the operating point to move up and down the
QST for
load line, but never to the point of saturation or 6. When we operate a transistor in "Glass A"
cutoff, then we have what m known as "Claw A " operation, do we ever reach saturation or cutojfT
operation. Other "classes" of operation simply
define the point of steady-state biasing, and the
amplitude of the incoming signal. Anrnmrm:
1. Only when the beta of the transistor used is
Quemtion*;
known.
1. When u the bias circuit of Fig, 7-t completely 2. From about 20 to as high as 200.
aatisfactoryt 3. Yes, but you really pay for them!
How much does the beta o/t say, a &N1803 vary 4. Using these values the cutoff point on the
from one transistor to anothert load line will be at 1(1 volts, the saturation
tf. Can transistors be obtained which have a very point will be at 34.5 mA, the operating point
"tight" betaspreadt will be chosen at 17 mA (and therefore at 5
In the circuit of Pig. 7-3, if the collector resistor is volts), and B\ will becomo 2120 ohms*
280 ohm*f the emitter resistor is 6H ohms, R% is 5. 17 (tuAj times 5 (volte) gives 85 (mW). This
made to bias the transistor so that the collector is within the safe operating range of the
current is about half the soiitration current, find 2N1303, for instance, so the circuit may be
the value of resistor Rir and draw the had line. assembled without fear,
6„ What power will be dissipated in this transistor 6. No, by definition of " d u n A M operation.
at the operating pointt

NEW BOOKS The reipainder of tlie book deals with mobile equipment,
antenna theory aud fabrication, and provides an extensive
discussion of antenna testing and measuring techniques*
VHF-UHF MANUAL, published by the Radio Numerous pieces of antenna test gear are given practical
Society of Great Britain, 35 Doughty titrect, treatment* Among the hardware items described are dummy
loads, SWR indicators* rf power meters, a solidrstate dip
London W.O. 1, inches, 241 pages, oscillator, and a noise generator. Other vhf and uhf ac-
excluding index, aoftncover* Price: $3.75, from cessories are also described in that section of the manual —
Oomtec, Box 692, Amherst, N.H. 03031, regulated low-voltage power supplies, a 100-kH* marker,
coaxial relays, and diode attenuators.
The RSOB VHF-UHF Manual what aome rpuler* The book is put together in logical sequence, and all of
might oati a "meaty" publication. It covet* a wide M d la the illustrations are well drawn and clearly labeled. Most of
vhf and ubf design aod application, ami provide* m equit- tbe tubes and semiconductors called out in the manual are
able halaace between tuba and semiconductor technique*, of European origin, meaning that a cross-reference file will
A ucocirJ deal of the practical material is similar to that be needed by those wishing to duplicate the circuits con-
found in comparable publications, but, there ie also a wjtx tained therein. However, the mora experienced amateur
tftantial amount of f nub, new subject matter for the reader 'b should be able to select substitute parts for the construction
perusal ami oilfioation. Linen Lrawing illustrations are projects if he knows the requirements for a particular tube
offered oupiouidy, end should serve a* an aid to thaw wish- or transistor in a given application. Whatever the situation*
ing to duplicate any of the numerous construction projects the HJSG8 VHF-VHP MANUAL should make a worth-
that are offered. Since f w photograph* of completed equip- while addition tn any vhf man's technical library.—
ment appear in the book, this writer suspects that uome of W1CER
the projeots aru more theoretical, than practical, in nature.
The Jine drawings show parts placement in greater detail
than would normally be possible with photographic illus-
trations.
Back CopiM and Photographs
Chapter t deals with frequency allocations in the vhf ami
uhf spectrum peculiar to tbe United Kingdom, fckiggtttiops Back copies of QST referred to iu Q8T
an* tnade for vhf and uhf band planning, to serve as au aid itisiues are available when in print from
tu bJt operating, and to reduce interference in other parts
of the bands that are not being used for D X work, our Circulation Department. Please send
A in-page treatment of propagation phenomena is given
in Chapter anil covers the gamut in a concise manner. money order or check — 75c far each
This section of the hnofc should be of ^lartioular interest to copy — with your order; we cannot bill
the newcomer to Uie hands above 30 MUx.
Chapters 4 and 5 deal with coaxial bandpass hlters and small orders nor can we ship c.o»d.
their design — K pages — and with receivers and converters Full abse (8 by 10) glossy prints of
for use from 5U JV1H& to 2300 AXHs. There are 62 pages of
information devoted to receiver theory and application. equipment described in QST by staff
Among tbotte themes covered are: parametric amplifiers, members (only) can be furnished at $1.50
diode multipliers, VXOn, prpatnTilUiers* and diode switching.
Examples are given for the use of tubes, bipolar transistors, each. Please indicate the QST issue, page
and PUTs*
Tlie chapter uu transmitters contains 68 pages of design
number, and other necessary identifica-
data for tube and semiconductor puthtMiaetB. Detailed tion when ordering, and include full re-
information is given uu the design nf tank circuits ami
matching networks for use iu transistorised transmitters. mittance with your order — we do not bill
Yaractor multipliers are iliscniwed. ami two practical nor ship c.o.d.
examples of varaotor circuit* are given.fcj»vtwlpages c»f the
book are devoted to amplitude-modulation techniques, and Horry, but no reprints of individual QST
an additional few page* treat the matter uf frequency
modulation. Moat of the transmitters described in this articles are available, nor are templates
uhaptcr are for low-power operation, both tube and tran- available unless specifically mentioned in
tuator types, Included in thie bectioii, however, is a 58H4
amplifier for 144 MHs, and also a cavlty<-type amplifier for the article.
m Mils. It uses a 4CXM0 tube.

May 1970 41
 Gimmicks tm& G a d g e t s
A 1 - Watt Solid-State Audio Module
rPHERE are all kinds of applications in which a
-^simple 1-watt audio amplifier can be used.
Perhaps the most common need for such a unit is
seen in the output section of home-built ham-band
receivers. Other uses include driven for higher-
power audio stages, and modulators for solid-state
transmitters. This transformerless audio module
will work nicely in any of the foregoing appli-
cations. U operates from a 12-voIt dc supply, is
built on an etched-circuit board, and does not
require that the builder seek out a source of supply
for-those sometimes-expensive (and elusive) input
and output transformers*
A. Motorola HEP-593 integrated circuit (similar
to an MC 1554), an "op amp" (operational
amplifier), serves as the Iieart of the unit. Its
output is taken at low impedance - 16 ohms - to
feed a loudspeaker directly. Tn order for the
HEP-593 to develop its full rated output power of
1 watt, approximately 40 mV of audio input must
appear at pin 1, U1 of Fig. t. Since few receivers
have that level of output from their detectors, a View of the completed board. All components
low-noise bipolar transistor preamplifier, Q l , is except C9 are instilled in a vertical format.
used ahead of the IC to provide the desired audio
voltage. The Input Impedance of Ql is on the order is less than 400 MA at 12 volts. For normal
of a few thousand ohms, and Ql will work fine room-volume listening, using the module as a
with most hi-Z microphones, or when connected to receiver af amplifier, the peak-signal drain will be
the detector output of most receivers. less than 200 mA.
Integrated circuit U1 has an input impedance of The entire circuit is built on an etchcd circuit
10,000 ohms, a voltage gain of 18, and a harmonic board which measures 2W X 3ft inches. If a more
distortion level of 0l75 percent at one-watt output compact module is desired, those wanting one may
06-ohm load). Peak-signal current drain for the IC plan their own layout. Alternatively, a ready-made

PltEAMP AMP
o+iav

+ 12V
EXCEPT AS INNCAT£0, DECIMAL VALUES OP
CAPACITANCE ME IN MICROFARADS I JiF I ;
OTHERS ARC IN PICOFARAD* l »f OR |UF);
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHUB ;
fc'tOOO* HMOOOOOO.
KC « SO CONNECTION

Fig, 1 — Schematic diagram of the audio amplifier. Resistors are 14-watt composition. Capacitors are
disk ceramic or dipped polyester types except those with polarity marks, which are electrolytic. Com-
ponent numbers have been assigned to aid in assembly, J1 and J2 can be phone or phono jacks.

42 QSrfwr
 PREAMP.
100*
JTQ C4
* OF Fig. 2 - Circuit changes for lowering tho input
nu impedance of the preamplifier. These changes will
.004 increase the gain of the stage somewhat. Resistors
are %-watt composition. Resistances are in ohms,
k^iOOO. Capacitors are disk ceramic or dipped
polyester types except those with polarity marks,
which are electrolytic. Capacitance values are in
+1IV

+ 12V
- 1 £ V
IQND) R6

TO J 1
AND J 2

FOIL SIDE
ETCHED AREA SHADED

Fig. 3 — Scale template of the amplifier circuit

board. Parts placement is given, (Etched boards are
available from the source given in footnote 1.)
hoard can be purchased from a commercial sup- the leads to the output terminals of the amplifier.
plier. 1 A similar network is used from pin 10 to ground to
This amplifier can be used with ait 8-ohm prevent hf instability.
speaker at a slight sacrifice in performance. The A Motorola IC socket, an HfcP-451, is attached
output level with acceptable distortion will drop to to the circuit board* and contains U1. An HFIL502
approximately 0.75 watt if this is done. Also, heat sink Is used on the case of the (C to prevent
high-impedance headphones can be connected as damage frotn operational heating. The 10 is pack-
shown in Fig. 1, and will provide adequate volume, aged in a TO-5 case.
even though a mismatch will result. Those who may desire a low input impedance
RC network R6C10 suppresses vhf instability for Q1 can modify the circuit as shown in Fig. 2 to
which might otherwise be caused by inductance in provide a match to signal sources in the 500- to
1 tOOO-ohm range. The gain of the preamplifier will
Ready-made pc boards are available from Staff- be increased by making the changes shown. The
ord Electronics, 427 S. Benbow ttd.,Green*boro,
N.Cp 24701* same circuit-board pattern can be used. - W1CER.

May 1970 43

fS^chnica^
Correspondence
DELTA-LOOP BEAM FROM ALUMINUM,
BAMBOO, A N D WIRE
Technical Editor,QST:
While 1 was licensed a* W5RHN in Miami,
Oklahoma, I constructed a delta-loop beam for 15
meters.1 For the beam elements i used 12-ft
lengths uf 1-in, aluminum tubing obtained from a
local tin shop, I was skeptical about the ability of
the antenna to withstand the persistent Oklahoma
winds, since the tubing was softer than the type
specified in the article, and also because my
elements were I-inch diameter all the way up,
rather than tapered to a smaller diameter. After
five days 1 had to take the antenna down, as it had
rotated around the boom, and the elements were
quite distorted. 1 was then determined to make it
work mechanically.
The delta-loop antenna T now have uses a
combination of aluminum tubing, and bamboo
poles with wire elements. The aluminum tubes
serve as '^out-riggers" Co hold the bamboo poles,
and also provide a means of supporting the gamma
matching system. The boom is a 12-ft length of 1
3/4- inch hard aluminum tubing with the 75-degree
holes drilled nine feet apart. For the outriggers, 1
cut one of the old aluminum elements Into four
3-ft lengths. One end of each of these pieces was
flattened with a hammer, and the pieces were then
inserted into the boom. The flattened ends at the
bottom, and the hose clamps at the top, hold these
supporting elements to the boom. A 14-ft bamboo
pole is joined to each aluminum element with a
12-inch sleeve made from 1 I/4-inch aluminum
tubing. The sleeves are slotted at each end, and
hose clamps secure the aluminum and bamboo
elements. (Before inserting the bamboo poles into
the sleeve, I wrapped each end with l/lfrinch-
» lail^^^Bi* I • Bl IIPI • hB k i w i H• I •
McCoy, "The Delta-Loop Beam on 15," QSTn
1 modulator, not the balancing. Because of hearing
January. 19tfU.
44
thick rubber gasket material to assure a tight grip
without cracking the bamboo. I painted the
bamboo poles with aluminum paint, and then
completed the elements by fastening copper wire
to the aluminum element supports and taping it to
the bamboo poles. For a good electrical connec-
tion, I joined the elements to the boom with
cupper wire. The completed beam is shown in Fig,
t, It looks neat, and weights under seven pounds.
If I were to start from scratch, the total cost, I'm
sure, would be under $10.
I have found that the formulas given in the
January 1969 QST article for element lengths do
not apply very well to wire elements. 1 had to
increase the perimeter uf the reflector so that the
total length was about two feet greater than the
driven element. This was necessary in order to get a
decent front-to-hack ratio.
With this antenna, I can hear and workstations
that I never heard with a dipole. All in all, I think
the '"hybrid" loop is doing real well. - Cordon F.
Ziesing, W7HBM, ex-WSRHN, 301 West Second,
Whitehall, MT 39739
AUDIO HUM WITH SSB TRANSMITTERS
Technical Editor, QST:
When I was an active official observer, 1 used to
hear signals with "huin-un~carrier feedthrough." Of
course, I could not tell fcedthrough hum from hum
modulation.
Not long ago I worked with a local amateur on
his problem of this nature. He has a Heath SB400.
He could not get a good null because of this
bubbling hum. I had him pull out V l , the audio
amplifier and cathode follower, and the hum and
carrier cleaned up to a T-9 tone. Then, he could
null the signal out completely. When any of several
6EAS tubes were inserted, however, the bubbling
hum and carrier returned.
Further checks indicated that the trouble. In
this case, was not due to heater-cathode leakage in
the tube, although it could have been. Instead, it
was hum pickup elsewhere, apparently in the grid
of the audio stage. The hum was unaffected by
shorting out the phone-patch input, but varied
with things done to the microphone and cord.
Whatever the final cause, the problem was really ac
coming through the audio system into the balanced
this on the air frequently, and the variety of ways
by which hum can get through the audio amplifier,
1 thought this information might help some QST
reader. - Elmer Conktln, K6KA, Box /, La
Canada. CA 91011.
SUNLIGHT INTENSITY DURING ECLIPSE
Technical Editor, QST:
During the solar eclipse on March 7, 1970, I
positioned a silicon solar cell outside, directly
facing the sun. To this cell I had attached a
0-50-mA meter, from which I took a reading every
five minutes between 1700 and 2000 hours GMT.
Fig. 2 Is a graph of this information.
1 thought that since the DX contest was in
operation at this time, and during this three-hour
Fig. t - W7HBMrs delta-loop beam constructed
from aluminum, bamboo, and copper wire. (The
photograph has been retouched slightly to show
the outline of the antenna in more detail.] The
copper wire is secured to the bamboo poles with
tape, wrapped at approximately 2-foot intervals.
QST for

1 i• m
j
/
\ /
i J
J
\ /
KM w J
y
II iroo Itu tn> tM| IflQQ M9 u* W9 tfOo Mft 11*0
TIME (3MT)
Fig, 2 - Electrical current developed by a solar cell
during period of partial eclipse, as measured in
Illinois. Maximum coverage of the sun's surface
was 72 percent, and occurred at 1820 GMT for this
location.
period quite a few operators in the midwest area
would have worked many foreign stations (logged
as to time, of course), a comparison of sun
intensity and Ionospheric (skip) conditions could
be made. Information from operator's logs could'
be compared with the information contained in
Fig, 2* The results could be useful in future
propagation predictions. By the way, the next
chance at this type of data will be In the year
2024.- Phti Goodman, WA9VWB, 347 Hampton
RcL Hoffman Estates, JL 60172,
CQDXQRP!
Technical Editor, QST:
With great pleasure, we wish to report the
results of a number of QRP experiments, conduct-
ed by Bill Gibson, W7BVV, Salem, Oregon, and
On July 1, 1970 an ocean sailing race from
Victoria, B.C. to Maui, Hawaii will get underway in
the Strait of Juan de Fuca and will last the better
part of the month of July.
Ship-to-shore communication will be handled
by radio amateurs afloat and ashore working on a
scheduled and organized basis with VE0MCA in
t h e s l o o p Porpoise FIT acting as fleet
communication center. Her Captain, F.R.(BiU)
Killam, VE7BKI, and Radio Opr./Cook Brian
Lagden, VE7QH, are active Vancouver amateurs.
During the race, ships' positions and traffic will
be transmitted on about 14.180 and/or 7.200 MHz
starting each evening at 1800 PST It will be greatly
appreciated if amateurs could be encouraged to
refrain from transmitting on these frequencies
during the reporting periods. VE0MCA will of
necessity be using feirly low power.
Immediately following the traffic period each
evening some time wilt be alloted to hamming.
Would you believe it? Three generations of hams in
the same family! - From left to rigfit are
daughter-in-law, WA8ZOC; grandson, K8TND;
grandma, WA8EBS; grandson, WA8Z0A; sonr
WA8Z0D; son-in-law, WQWJC; and the leader of
the clan, pandpa, W8BU.
May 1970
myself. Path length was computed to be 1,650
miles, and the frequency of operation is 28,760
kHz, Our computations and measurements imply
that the minimum power required to maintain a cw
circuit over the path between W7BVV and this
station is on the order of one microwatt. We
continue to work towards this goal.
We have worked many stations throughout the
U.S. and Canada with power outputs down to 100
microwatts on a-m phone. In addition, we wish to
report that we worked CE7DW, Puerto Mont,
Chile, 600 miles south of Santiago, with 250
milliwatts, a-m phone, and received a report of 5 x
7. This estimated path length Is 8000 miles!
The equipment used here is as follows: bAUfi
MOPA, plate modulated by a 6AQ5, running at
reduced ratings. The 250-milliwatt transmitter out-
put is fed through multistep attenuators to a
rhombic antenna that is ten wavelengths long.
W7BVV has worked this station many times on
28,760 kHz, with SO mW power output on a-m
phone, receiving signal reports as high as S-9 plus
10 dB. He has also worked Japan and UA0FAL,
getting reports of 5 x 5, So-o-0, phooey! Who
needs 2000 watts PEP aabf - Richard At Shoup.
KL7YU, R O, Box 5-823, College, Alaska 99701.
| Editor's note: For those of us not familiar
with thinking in terms of microwatts of power, we
plugged some information into our Headquarters
computer and came up with the startling fact that
one microwatt is a power level 90 dB below that of
a kilowatt! There can fae little argument that
KI/7YU and W7BVV are not complying with
section 324, Part 1, of the U.S. Communications
law: "In all circumstances, except in case of radio
communications or signals relating to vessels in
distress, all radio stations, Iwludine those owned
and operated by the United States, shall use the
minimum amount of power necessary to carry out
the communication desired.")
HEADQUARTERS VISITS
The League Headquarters building is open to
visitors Monday through Friday, 8:30 to 4:0O on a
"drop-in" basis, and at other times by appoint-
ment. We'll be closed on May 29, July 3 and
September 7 to make up for regular holidays
falling on weekends. The headquarters is on Main
Street (Conn. Route 176 andl76-A) about a mile
north of the center of town, and about 3 miles
West of Conn. 15-U.S. 5, the Wilbur Cross
Highway. (For W1AW visiting hours, see the
schedule in the "Operating News" column.)
 ^ R e c e n t E q u i p m e n t ^
a c q u a i n t y o u with.the tecfcnioaL
Communications Associates Inc
CF-8 FSK Converter/Keyer
the past several years, amateur radiotele-
^ typewriter operation ha* increased tremen-
dously in popularity. The reason undoubtedly
stems from the fact that Western Union, railroad
and telephone company teleprinter equipment,
retired from regular service, is being released for
amateur use, supplementing the already available
surplus military gear. With the introduction of
CAT* solid-state CF-8 FSK Cnnverter-Keyer, an
amateur may now begin R T T Y operation with a
minimum of effort. The CF-8 provides the com-
plete interface between any *sb station and the
teleprinter machine* for both transmission and
reception of hf R T T Y signals
For transmission, a tone-keyer section in the
CF-8 provides a shifted-frequency audio signal to
be fed into the microphone input of any conven-
tional s*b transmitter or transceiver.1 For recep-
tion. the CF-8, operating from the audio output of
the receiver or transceiver, converts the signal Into
the direct-current pulses required to operate the
selector magnets of the teleprinter. A cathode-ray
lWhen transmitting R T T Y signals with my ssfo
equipment, the user should make certain that the
equipment Is capable of withstanding the higher
average power involved. The R T T Y signal is trans-
mitted with a 100-percent duty cycle* i,eJt the
auera{)fr-to-peak power ratio is 1, while ordinary
speech waveforms generally have duty cycles in the
order of 25 percent or tes& Many ssb transmitters,
such as those using sweep-tube final amplifiers* are
designed only for low-duty-cycle use. when using
audio tones* the user should also make certain that
carrier and unwanted-sideband suppression, is suf-
ficient so as not to cause interference in receiving
equipment of good engineering design.
46
f e a t u r e s of c u r r e n t amoteur^cais
tube in the CF-8 provides an indication for
properly tuning the received RTTY signal.
The CF-8 FSK cunverter/keyer is available to
cover any one of the following frequency shifts:
170 Hz, 400 Hz, oe 850 Hz. The frequencies of
operation for the demodulator or converter sec-
tion, and for the keyer scction, are identical for a
given shift:
Shift Mark Space
170 Hz 1*85 Hz 1815 Hz
400 Hz 3100 Hz 1700 Hz
850 Hz 2425 Hz r575 Hz
{Other shift frequencies arc available upon special
order.) For both transmission and reception, opera-
tion of the Ksb equipment in the upper- sideband
mode will provide for shifting in the proper
direction according to amateur standards, LeM the
space signal being on a lower radio frequency than
the mark signaL The CF-8 tone keyer may be
keyed at speeds up to 100 wpm. The low-pass filter
which follows the dctector in the converter section
is designed for 45- to 50-baud operation (60 to 66
wpm teleprinter speed), but a low-pass filter for
75- to 100-wpm operation is available. The CF-8
contains a loop^urrcnt power supply which pro-
vides either 20 or 60 mA of loop current.
The CF-8 is furnished for mounting in a stan-
dard lWnch rack. The unit is mounted on a 5
1/4-inch-hlgh panel and extends K 1/2 inches
behind this panel. An optional desk-top cabinet is
available, as shown in the title photograph. As was
previously mentioned, a built-in oscilloscope pro-
vides an indication for the proper tuning of the
received R T T Y signaL In addition, a front-panel
meter, by switch selection, indicates either the
strength of the audio signal being fed into the
converter, or the amount of loop current.
Front-panel controls are provided for power
ON/OFF. meter witching, and STANDBY/
Top view of the CF-8 converter/keyer* The low-
and high-voltage power transformers appear at the
left, while the cathode-ray tube and its high-
voltaga supply capacitors appear at the far right.
Inside the cans are the bandpass-i n pu t-f iIter,
channel-filter, and tone-oscillator-natwork com-
ponents. Relay control the auto mark hold and
transmit/receive switching functions.
QST for
RECEIVE/TRANSMIT. This latter control pro- 1985
vides for either VOX or push-to-talk control of the 1 1
ssb equipment from the CF-8, requiring no modifi-
cation of the ssb transmitter or transceiver. Pro- § \X
vision is also included in the CF-8 to control IfI XX
remotely the converter/keycr and the ssb equip- I1
ment from the teleprinter machine.
in addition to the front-panel controls just
s \ i

V
mentioned, the usual electron-beam adjustment
controls for the oscilloscope are provided. Addi-
tional controls for the converter/keyer are located U
on a subpanel which is concealed by a hinged door -2
Q S15
on the front panel These controls include a
loop-current adjusting potentiometer, an AUTO
MARK HOLD ON/OFF switch, a LIMITER
IN/OUT switch, and a REVERSE/NORMAL
switch to reverse the mark and space signals inside 1700 1600 WO 2000 21002200
the converter during reception. A TONE BAL-
FREQUENCY, Hz
ANCE control and a TONE GAIN control are also
provided for the keyer section.
Fig. 1 - Discriminator response of a CF-8 con-
The Circuit verter/keyer manufactured to operate with
170-Hz-shift RTTY signals. The dc voltage meas-
The CF-A's lineup looks a great deal lite that of ured at the output of the instrument's detector-
any other deluxe RTTY demodulator, such as have combiner stage is shown versus the input frequency
appeared in past Issues of QST as construction In Hz. The input test signal was being fully limited
in the converter when this measurement was made,
2 3
projects. ^ The exception is that the CF-8 uses and the NORMAL/REVERSE switch was in the
solid-state devices completely (other than the NORMAL position,
cathode ray tube and a gas-tube voltage regulator).
The input bandpass filter in the 170-HsHshift
oonvertcr/keyer tested had a -3 dB bandwidth of an RTTY signal. The feature may he disabled,
194 Hz and a -30 dB bandwidth of 1030 Hz, or a however, for copying weak signals.
3-to-30-dB bandwidth ratio of about 1:5.3. The The channel filters also feed a detector-combiner
filter is followed by a buffer and a limiter. The circuit. This circuit, along with the two channel
limiter may be bypassed by switching to limiterless niters, forms an audio discriminator which con-
operation. verts changing frequency information into
An amplifier drives the mark and space "chan- changing dovoltage information. The measured
nel" Alters. The filters themselves consist of several response of the discriminator is shown in Fig. 1. To
inductive and capacitive components connected in a degree, this shows the response of the individual
a bandpass-filter configuration, rather than of the channel filters, especially the flattened responses at
single-tuned circuit arrangement commonly used in the voltage peaks, Such a characteristic permits
home-built demodulators. Individual filter band- uniform TTY copy even though some drift may
widths are 100 Hz, measured at the -3 dB points. occur in the signal The zero-crossing frequency for
The inductors used in both the channel filters, and this discriminator is 1895 Hz. By "straddle-tuning"
in the input bandpass filters, are variable, with the received signal so (hat the two audio tones arc
inductances adjustable for the approximate range symmetrical about this frequency, shifts as low as
between 500 and 700 mH. These are of "pot-core" 2 or 3 Hz may be copied. (The limiting factor here
construction, and exhibit a Q of about 20 at 1 is related more to the stability of the transmitting
kHz, when adjusted for an inductance of 600 mH. and receiving equipment than to the capability of
This type of inductor is manufactured by Sangamo the converter.) Such tuning is easily accomplished
Electric Co.» for one, and is their type NV. The 0 with the CRO tuning indicator provided.
of these inductors provides the proper circuit Referring to Kg. 1, a negative dc voltage is
selectivity without the need for external loading developed for an RTTY space signal, and a positive
resistors, which are frequently required with tor- voltage for a mark signal During normal RTTY
oidal inductors, keying, alternate mark and space signals are trans-
The channel filters feed a mark-hold circuit, mitted, the switching rate being determined by the
which samples the ac voltages present at the mark teleprinter code for the characters being sent (and
and space frequencies. In the absence of a contin- by the machine speed). The maximum switching
uous signal in either or alternate channels, the speed is developed when the letters R and Y are
mark-hold circuit provides.a dc bias signal to the sent alternately, being about 23 Hz for 60- to
loop-keyer stage, simulating a mark condition at 66-wpm operation. Such a keyed signal resembles a
the teleprinter. This feature prevents the machine square wave at the output of the converter's
from printing random characters in the absence of discriminator. This signal is passed through a
tow-pass niter having a cutoff frequency of about
^ Zfioff, "The Mainline TT/L FSK Demodulator'* 25 Hz, which aids in eliminating improper copy
QST„ August, 1965.
SPetersen,
1
"The Mainline TT/L-2 FSK Demodu- that might otherwise be created by static crashes or
lator; Parts I and II, QSTh May and June, 1969. bursts of radio interference.

May 1970 47

A peek inside at tfie "works" of the CF-8
converter/keyer. Vertically-mounted component
boards house the transistors, diodes, and integrated
circuits, along with other small parts. Connections
from the CF-8 to the ssb equipment and to the
teleprinter are made via the barrier-type terminal
strip on the rear apron, just visible in this view.
Prom the post-detection filter, the signal is
passed to an automatic mode-selection CAMS)
circuit containing two 1C packages and some other
components. One of the TCs is a Motorola
MCI 710, which is a differential-voltage enmpar-
itor. A control voltage is derived by integrating and
summing the discriminator dc voltages, present for
both mark and space signals. If both signals are
equal, the sum is zero, but if one signal fades
momentarily, as frequently happens because of
selective fading, the voltage will depart from zero.
A reference voltage developed from this control
voltage is applied to the differential-voltage com-
poritor, where the instantaneous signal voltage
(negative for space, positive for mark) is compared.
Because of the high sensitivity of the competitor,
voltage changes as small as 2 mV at its input will
trigger the teleprinter keying stages which follow.
The AMS circuit maintains a properly centered
trigger level on the received signal even though
selective fading may occur. The circuit also uses a
JFET as a switch which prevents steady mark or
space signals from affecting the reference level
applied to the voltage comparator.
The tone keyer consists of an LC oscillator and a
frequency-shift keyer. The CF-8 Is connected to
the teleprinter with the keyboard and printer
selector magnets wired in series. Typing at the
keyboard, while the CF^i is in the transmit mode,
will produce both local copy at the machine and a
frequency-shifted tone for feeding the ssb equip-
ment With clean keying provided from the tele-
printer loop circuit, the tceyed audio waveform
exhibits negligible keying transients. But with the
inductance of the magnets in the loop in the
presence of "hash" generated from keyboard con-
tacts which may not be in the best of condition,
severe transient spikes of several times the ampli-
tude of the tone sine wave can be created. Loop
transfent*upprcssor filtering, and if filtering of the
audio feeding the transmitter will help to prevent
the transmission of spurious signals, in cases of
worn and stubborn keyboard contacts. This will
also protect the transmitter from peak overloads.
48
(These same precautions in the loop generally
apply, as well, when an rf oscillator is frequency^
shift keyed directly from the loop J
Typing while the CF-8 is in the receive mode
will produce local copy at the teleprinter only.
Although the ssb equipment may be VOX-con-
troiled in going from receive to transmit, ™ * I M |
switching of the CF-8 "is required. This function
may be remoted from the CF-8, however.
Oscilloscope Tuning Indicator
The two-inch cathode-ray tube presents a dis-
play which is commonly called a "flipping line"
indicator. This type of tuning indication is freq-
uently used in military equipment and is favored
by a number of RTTYers.
Pig. 2 shows the appearance of the flipping-line
indicator during keying of a properly tuned RTTY
signal. The vertical deflection plates of the tube are
direct-coupled through a deflection amplifier to
the dc output of the converter's discriminator. A
sweep-voltage signal (the 60-Hz power-line wave-
form) is applied to the horizontal deflection plates.
With no RTTY signal present, a single line appears
at the reticle center line of the display. When a
mark tone is present at the converters input, this
single line is deflected upward, and when a space
tone is present the line is deflected downward.
With alternate mark and space tones applied, the
line alternately "flips" up and down, and because
of the persistence of the display, appears as shown
in Fig. 2. As the sweep signal is not synchronized
to the switching between marks and spaces, faint
trace lines appear on the display between the .mark
and space lines. These lines are simply ignored
during operation.
The deflection of the mark and space lines is
directly related to the amount of audio signal
passed through the corresponding mark and space
channel filters, if the received signal is mistuned so
that unequal-amplitude tones are passed, the de-
flections of the two lines will not be symmetrical
about the reticle center line. Thus, a symmetrical
display assures that the signal is tuned properly.
Reticle
Center Line
Fig. 2 - The "flipping-line" cathode-ray tube
indication for properly-tuned RTTY signals. The
frequency shift of the signal at A matches the shift
for which the converter's channel filters are made.
At Bf the shift of the received signal is narrower
than that of the channel filters. For a CF-8
converter/keyar manufactured for 170-Hz shift,
the display at B shows a received signal being
shifted approximately 50 Hz.
Q S T far
"Straddle-tuning" of narrow^hift signals is easily
accomplished with this type of indication, an
shown in Fig, 2B. The deflection between the two
lines is merely less than for full-shift signals. If the
discriminator response Is linear with frequency, the
reticle for this type uf display can be calibrated
directly in H* of shift
The CF-ft is rigidly constructed with quality
components and materials. All manufacturer's
specifications were met or exceeded in the unit
tested in the ARRL laboratory. Included with the
instrument is a detailed Instruction book. The
section covering operation of the converter/keyer
is brief, with no information concerning the use uf
the oscilloscope as si tuning indicator. However,
full information on installation and the theory of
operation is included, as well as complete sche-
matics for all options, and parts lists with original-
manufacturer parts identification. - KIPLP.
Heath IP-28 Regulated DC Supply
T HE DESIGNERS uf low-voltage regulated
supplies have come a long way since the
development of transistors demanded new tech-
niques. The Heath IP-28 is a good example of
up-to-date circuitry. Using a minimum of parts,
and a surprisingly-simple circuit, it provides a
number of features that were not previously
available in a low-cost kit. These features include
voltage and current limiting, remote voltage sen-
sing, and the use of an independent reference
supply.
Fig. 1 shows the regulator circuit used. The
heart of the device is the series regulator, transistor
510
WLME
Fig. 1 Simplified diagram of the regulator and reference supply of the IP-28.
Conumtucations Associates, Inc.,
CF-8 FSK Converter/Keyer
Height: 5K inches.
Width: 19 inches (for rack mounting).
Depth: inches.
Weight: 18 pounds.
Power Requirements: U5/230V ac, 50/60
Hz, 100 watts. Price Class: $825 for
rack mounting, $875 with desk-top
cabinet.
Manufacturer: Communications Associ-
ates, Inc*, 1208 Third Ave., Mew
Hyde Park, N.Y. 11040
Q3. This transistor is set with a variable reference
voltage to pass the desired output voltage (which
can be anything between 0.7 and 30 volts, depen-
ding on the setting of Rl), Any change in voltage
output is sensed, amplified, and appears as a
correction voltage on Q3, maintaining the desired
output.
The IP-28 is rated for 1 ampere maximum
output. This much current, flowing through small-
diameter conductors, can produce a voltage drop at
CURRENT
1|RANGE.
C£T£OL 1« SX
VVSn—1WSr^AAAr-l *+.7-90V
oof | R14 4
S0»F J i
90V
EKCtPT Aft INOaCAreD, DECIMAL VMJJE6 0t
CAPACITANCE ARE IN MlCROFAR>« I J»M ;
OTHERS ARC IN NCQFARAD* < OR JJ#>;
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHMS; h- 1000.

Interior view. The fuse block is located next to the
power transformer, so the top cover must be
removed to change the fuse. The etched-crrcuit
board containing most of the small parts is
mounted to the rear panel on standoff pillars.
the load because of the resistance uf the connec-
tion leads. If this problem exists, the IP-28 can
sample the voltage at the load through separate
conductors, and have this sample be the controlling
factor for the power supply. Called remote sensing,
this feature allows the actual voltage at the load to
be the determining factor.
The inference voltage is the standard that
determines how well the power supply wilJ main-
tain a set output. Urine a separate supply for this
purpose allows a wider range of voltage control and
better voltage stability than is obtainable using a
reference taken from the main supply. A separate
transformer winding is used for the reference. This
ac voltage is rectified by D3, filtered hy CI, and
regulated at 3b volts by D4 and D5, The VOL-
TAGE RANGE switch, S4, and VOLTAGE
CONTROL, K7, set the reference on the regulator.
The regulator is a Darlington pair, consisting of
0 3 and 0 4 . For practical purposes, this can be
considered as acting like a single high-gain trans-
istor. The Darlington connection, because of its
superior gain, will produce a large degree uf control
with, a small error voltage. The regulator is biased
by a voltage divider across the input, 0 1 and Q2
(which are connected as a constant-current source).
The output voltage from the regulator is equal
to the reference voltage, less the drop in Q5. 0 1
and Q2 bias the regulator into conduction. The less
the drive, the more the regulator's base current
decreases and its series resistance increases. For any
reference setting, a balanced condition is estab-
lished which holds the output voltage at the
desired setting.
Current limiting is accomplished with Q6, which
acts on 0 3 and 0 4 . The OUTPUT CURRENT
control, R13 (a five-turn control for easy adjust-
ment), works with R14 to produce a drop of 0.6
volts when the current reaches the limiting level
This voltage turns on Qb which acts to increase the
series resistance of the regulator. Any further
Increase in current is prevented once Q6 is on. The
setting of R13 determines the point at which
limiting will occur.
50
Safety Features
Once the current limit Is set, the voltage will be
held at the value necessary to produce the set value
of current. Turning up the voltage control above
the set voltage will not increase the voltage or
current output. Using the IP-28 properly will save
many a transistor in experimental circuits that
might otherwise be damaged by voltage or current
overloads.
Another safety feature assures that, should a
y?nse lead become disconnected, the output vol-
tage will be held to no more than a 1.2-volt
increase. Without this feature the full output of the
supply might be put across the load, should a
remote sensing lead accidently be knocked loose.
The Heath power supply is not large. Its front
panel is dominated by the meter which reads
output voltage and current. The styling follows the
two-tone tan that Heath is now using on all their
instruments. Rocker switches turn the supply on,
select the voltage or current scales on the meter,
and choose the desired range uf output voltage and
current. An important feature is the use of a toggle
switch to cut off the dc to the output terminals. It
is nice to have the long bat handle to dive for when
something goes wrong while testing your latest
design. Dc output voltage is not referenced to the
chassis, so it can be used easily with either the
positive or negative terminal used as common. A
separate panel binding post is provided for a chassis
common connection.
Building the power supply takes an evening. All
of the electronics except the regulator transistor
and panel controls are mounted on an etched
board. Q3 is mounted on the rear deck, using the
panel as a heat sink. Interconnections arc made
with a cable harness, so even the novice kit builder
should have no trouble. Following the instruction
manual, you make extensive resistance checks
before the unit is turned on, so if you pass the
checks OK, the power supply should work the first
time it 1* plugged in.
The kit meets or exceeds all manufacturer's
specifications. The output ripple is very low, less
than 4 mV on our unit. Shift in voltage from no
load to full load is less than SO mV. The writer
tried a 30 percent current overload for 2 hours,
and the IP-28 took it without complaint. Obvious-
ly, for long life, it is best to stay within the
manufacturer's specs, however. To sum up, the
Heath IP-28 offers a number of features and a level
of performance that heretofore was only available
in supplies costing much more. And, it's easy to
build. W1KLK.
Heath IP-28 Power Supply
Height: 6Vi inches.
Width: 10 3/4 inches.
Depth: 4 3/8 inches.
Weight: fift pounds.
Price Class: $50
Manufacturer: Heath Company, Benton
Harbor, Michigan
QST for
 An RC- Active Audio Filter for CW

BY WES HAYWARD,* W7Z0I

APOPULAR project among amateur experimen-

" • t e r s is the construction of audio filters to
improve receiver selectivity for cw work. In years
past, the job was frequently done with various
types of surplus LC fdters* t while more recently,
appropriate LC circuits have been fabricated from
the popular 88~mH telephone toroid inductors. 2 " 3
The unit described here uses a more modern
approach, the RC active-filter element. In this type
of filter, resistor-capacitor networks are combined
with amplifiers to synthesize the characteristics of
an inductor. When this inductance is properly
resonated with a capacitor, the equivalent of an
audio tuned circuit results. The text presents a
practical filter circuit which may be used either as
an accessory for a ssb transceiver, or as an aid when
Top view of the W7Z0I RC-active cw filter. The
using receivers that are lacking in cw selectivity. An components are mounted on Vector-type circuit
attractive application for the filter is as an acces- board. Straight-line construction is used, placing
sory for direct- conversion receivcr&A® the various stages in a single row across the board.
Presented in the appendix is a method for The board can be housed in a metal box. and the
designing filters of this kind. The procedure is jacksf switches, and batteries contained therein.
somewhat unique in that a direct analogy is drawn
between a filter section and its equivalent LC The circuit for the filter is shown in Pig.1. Each
circuit. This "real time" approach contrasts the of the four sections consists of a so-called Twin-T
more typical g-plane, or frequency- domain tech- network and a unity-gain amplifier. Shown in Fig.
nique which is typical of modern network synthe- 2 are the measured response curves for this filter.
sis* The advantage of this method, at least to this As indicated, a single section 1 curve A) presents a
writer, who is not a circuit*- design engineer, is that 6-dB bandwidth of about 380 Hz. The skirt
the results are intuitively consistent with the more selectivity of a single section is so poor that little
classic circuit concepts. mal advantage is realized in unc. However, when
four identical filter sections are cascaded, the
•7700 S,W. Danielle Ave., Beaverton* Oregon response (curve B) represents a truly suitable cw
97005. filter. The 6-dR bandwidth is about ISO He, and
1
Countryman, "Selective Audio Filter for CW the response is 40 dB down at 420 and 112(1 Hz.
Reception," QSTt February, 1964.
2 'lliis circuit differs from many narrow-bandwidth
McCojr, "The Selectoroid,"(?Sr December, audio filters in popular use because there is
1«66.
3 minimal tendency for the filter to "ring" with
Anciaui, "A Solid-State Audio Filter," QSI\
December, 1968 signals or noise peaks* This desirable characteristic
4 is a result of each filter section having a relatively
Haywatd and Bingham, QST, November,
low loaded Q - about 6.
1966.
A prospective builder might consider using
&DeMaw, QST May. 1969.
fewer filter sections as an effort toward simplifica-
tion. Two cascaded sections would probably be the
Here is the rundown on RC tractive- minimum practical configuration, while three
filter design. W7ZOI gives the basic would yield a very suitable circuit If more than
four sections arc used, the builder should consider
design information for this type of dagger-tuning the various stages, using the methods
audio filter, and provides practical outlined In the appendix. This would maintain a
data for building a highly-selective cw practical peak bandwidth while providing a further
filter. Filters of this type are useful for improvement in skirt response.
normal civ work, hut can also be an An audio amplifier follows the filter in the
author's unit, This serves two purposes. First, it
asset to those operators who are in- overcomes the small insertion loss uf the filter,
volved in moonbounce and scatter which i* a little over 1 dB per section. Second, it
communications. allows the receiver audio circuits driving the filter
to be operated at low levels. This minimizes

May 1970 51
 TVWN-T TWJN-T TW.N-T TWlN-T AF AMP

BT1, BT2 - Small transistor radio 9-volt battery.

Fig-1 — Schematic diagram of the A C active filter.
Capacitors are disk ceramic except those with
polarity marking, which are electrolytic. Resistors
are K-watt composition unless noted differently.
Resistance is in ohms. K = 1000. Capacitance is in
uF.
o
Co
C I , C6, C9. C I 2 - 0.006-uF disk ceramic. 5
percent tolerance.
C2. C3, C4. C5,C7. C8, C10, C11 - 0-002-uF disk
ceramic, 5-percent tolerance.
Q1, 03, 06, Q7, Q 9 - Npn transistor, type
2N3904,
02, 0 4 , 0 6 , 0 8 - Pnp transistor, type 2N3906.
Rt, R2, R4, R5, R7, R8, RIO. R11 - 100.000
ohms, 5-percent tolerance.
S1 — Dpst slide or toggle switch.
 cross-modulation effects in the amplifiers (before
the filter) which would otherwise negate the
high-selectivity advantages of the circuit If the
unit is to be used with a low-impedance driving
source, such as the usual ssb transceiver, a
2000-ohm-to-voice coil matching transformer
should be wed, with the high-impedance winding
JOQjrfV -todB connected to the filter. If the unit is to be used
with a direct-conversion receiver,5 it could be used
as a replacement tor the receiver's audio stage. If
more audio gain is then required, a second ampli-
fier stage could be added to the output of the
circuit of Fig. 1.
10mV "A(X/B
Assembly
•

Construction is not particularly critical, and the

builder should encounter no problems if a layout
similar to that shown in the photo is used. The
writer's filter was built on Vector-board~like mate-
sadB rial. Considering the repetitive nature of the design,
100 Hz 200 400 fiOOMOlKHr I 4 6 1QKJU a printed* circuit board would be an ideal method
FREQUENCY of fabrication. The board could be mounted in an-
aluminum box with switches and input-output
Fig.2 - Filter response curve for the circuit of Fig. jacks. Since the unit only draws 55 mA of current,
1. Response A represents the characteristics of a two small 9-volt batteries would provide suitable
single-section Twin-T. Curve B represents the band- power. The only critical components in the filter
pass characteristics of the four Twin-T sections are the resistors and capacitors in the Twin-T
combined. networks* The author used 5-percent-tolerance
components, although satisfactory results might be
expected if 10-percent capacitors were substituted.
Total cost should be around $10, and the unit can
be built in one or two evenings.

Appendix
Fig.3A shows the Twin-T bandpass-filter config-
uration. An amplifier with unity voltage gain,
3A infinite input impedance, and zero output Imped-
ance (s assumed. It will be seen that the Twin-T
may be modeled by the equivalent circuit of
Fig. 3 FigJB.
Consider one half of the Twin-T, as shown in
Fig,4A. If some ac input voltage is assumed, the
input current is easily calculated. Taking the ratio
of the input voltage to input current, one obtains
the complex input impedance Z l

Zl - 2R +jRlu>C' (1)
where a > - 2 t t F . Since the imaginary part of Zj is
positive, an inductance is implied and the half-filter
4A section is modeled by the circuit of Flg.4B where

(2A)
Fig. 4
R L* 2R (2B)

Consider now the other half of the Twin-T

prl^T" filter as shown in Fig.5A. The input impedance 2 2
is again calculated as above and is shown to be
f V = 2}
<0 Zl? » - (3)
A'co^C' (JJC
I f Since the imaginary component is negative, a
SA SB
capacitance in implied and the circuit is modeled
by the equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 5B, where
Fig. 5 6 Ibid.

May 1970 53
 ft- J (4A)
(4B)
Of significance is the fact that the resistance is
negative.
Clearly, when the circuits of Fig*. 4B and SB
are combined, the equivalent circuit of Pig. 3B
results. The Q of this "tuned circuit" h given by
0)Le
(3>
Rl - fRcJ
where the brackets around Rc imply that <ir\
absolute value is taken. As suggested by the
equation, if fRcJ is greater that RL, Uie circuit will
osciliatc.
In designing a filter section for a given frequen-
cy, tbc Tust. step is to choose an Inductance value
to synthesize (50 Hy was used in the filter of
Flg.l). Then, values R and C'are chosen using
equation i2A). Usually, the capacitance C is chosen
more or less arbitrarily, then R is calculated.. Then,
using equation (4A1, a value of C is chosen to yield
C? to resonate L e at the desired frequency, A value
•f Q is then selected and the required value of
May 1945
* . . .KPB. Warner is in a serious mood this month.
He deplores a war-borne despicable situation
wherein a number of SWLs and other unlicensed
radio persons have been preying on the families of
veterans— attempting to exact money from famil-
ies of prisoners of war in return for alleged
information copied from foreign broadcasts* this
matter has been aired in the press but many
publishers wrongly attribute this activity to radio
amateurs - using the word "ham" loosely. He goes
on to discuss this controversial word and is all for
it when applied to licensed radio amateurs. He also
gives what Is a likely enough "genealogy" of the
word. 1 don't agree.
. . , The history ««f development of the Army1*
SVR-506 highly perfected medium range mobile
transmitter is given by David Middle ton, W20EN,
who was himself project engineer on the devel-
opment at the Signal Corps Lata. Perhaps it was
felt that it would be available as a war surplus item.
It weighs two hundred twenty three pounds!
. . . .Claude L. Robinson, W6KJV, pretty thor-
oughly explores VFOs with the view of reducing
drift* He really did some work on this one,
. . , .George W. Brooks, W1JNO, describes a
Crystal Controlled Transmitter of the VJH-Rs, It is
a ITf-watt job* using an HK24 in the Anal.
• . . .Elliott A. Henry, W9FEN, continues his
article on Practical Design of Video Amplifier.
WIANA.
54
/Kc/ is determined from ^equations (5) and <2BV
This value is then used to calculate R f from
equation (4B), thus completing the filter-section
design. In the author's unit, the titter sections were
designed for a Q of about 4. The I-megohm
coupling resistors then degrade the Q of each
section to a loaded value of 6.
Referring to Fig.4A, it can be seen that the
filter may be made tunable hy varing the value of
the equivalent inductance of the Twin-T. This is
accomplished by replacing one of the fixed values
of R with a potentiometer and returning C 'to the
wiper contact Similarly, the Q is adjustable by
replacing R9 with a potentiometer. The stages
should be cuupled with resistors which are much
larger than RL, As shown in equation (4B), the
value or Rc is a strong function of frequency.
Elcnce, it would not be practical to make a filter
tunable unless the Q was also made controllable.
The above analysis may be extended to low-
pass and high-pass filters. Methods for cascading
such filter sections, to yield various responses
(Bessci, Chebychcv, etc.), are presented by
KincaidG In a convenient, computer-generated
format. Kiw^
*>Klncaid, " R C Filter Design by the Numbers,"
The Electronic Engineer, Oct., 1968,
50 Ythise amouth
r s Ago
1
May 1920
, . . .The Editor » fuming about some recent
propagation conditions which have fouled up
amateur activity for about a month. In particular
there was a spectacular display nti March 22nd*
The country-wide effects of this were drastic aud
even weird. He rightfully blames this on solar
activity. Along with these woes, fading is in the
limelight and amateurs are urged to bend their
utmost energies in finding ways to overcome it. Big
job.
. - , Lt M. Clement continues his series on the
vacuum tuhe as a detector and amplifier, l r t basic
stuff, but good.
, - , Elliott A. White shows how to combine
crystal detector with a VT, one in the same
hook-up. The idea is to save tike tube by not using
it when it is unnecessary. No switches are used.
. . . .The Old Man is at it again. This time, It'll
"Rotten Jtooos." He claims he knows that s certain
"Dr. Cook" is responsible for the vile radio
weather lately experienced. He suggests violent
application of the Wotiff Hong, without any
anaesthetic as fitting punishment.
, . , .K.H.G. Mathews, 9 ZN, describes how his
CKL Paragon works und how to properly tune it.
This Is the same as the KA6, already well estab-
lished as s very fine regenerative receiver.
. . . .Glancing over the "Calls Heard1* depart-
ment, those reported are almost entirely two-letter
ones, 1AW is mentioned In most of them.
-WtANA.
Q S T i o x
 •• M >.*' I vi • •• 4IV1 • •

,• l»,<*ali
4
i r - «' »|l* ..»< » '* • • • , ' • • . . " ' « • s • 5 ?»• % 4 « »
I i^'MI

• . . • , . ' , ' r ' , r• 1

• • • v. . .• - . • • ..• • • . . •
1
,i»• . . 4 T 1 " »'* * • ' ' * •

t• • . ,.. • > v . • v."'.. rt****— t.... <

»« » »M«l*li«<li(|| | || « I
t «>||>««<^ *-

r 1 1 «•

• v. A- N E W I n d e x oi uST Items: on
v^ Commercial r Gear - = ^
" - - • • • . •
•»•!•
*»
• •
> < •'•• t
«
lllfl«« «< t>
tt

»
j • .

, »»»!•>» 4 •>•«••( t

* •!• "••••III • *

...•1 • • • • • ' » II I t •» |l

:
' I •«•»» I I II . J | J , ,,

V ,7; • ••1 M
' M « «•, r«« • iim Ul ,

BY BILL WAGEMAN,* W0BUR/K5MAT AND CAROL WAGEMAN * W0HQH

Tsimilar
HE word "New" in tlie title infers that a
thing existed in the past, and thfe is the
DRAKE - L-4B, (R)Dcc,69; T-4XB, (A)Jan.68;
TR-6, (A)Nov.68.
case,! fn fact, the priiiiary purpose of updating the GALAXY ELECTRONICS - GALAXY V MARK
previous comprehensive index is to call attention 3, (A)May 68; GT-550, (R)June 69; R-530,
to the earlier work. U is apt to be most beneficial (R)May 69.
to the people that are least likely to have tfeen it, GONSET - GSB-201 MK III, <A)teb.69 p,5.
the newcomers to amateur radio. This index coven HAL LICRAKTERS - SR-400, <R)Oct. 68;
otily thoseQSTs, issued in 1968 and 1969. SX-L22A, (A)Dec, 69;SX-133, (A)Dec, 69.
The cuncnt index duplicates gear in the earlier
index only if there was a considerably more HAMMARLUND - HQ-200, <A)Dec.68; HO-2L5,
comprehensive review article or advertisement, or (EDDec.68.
if there were significant modification articles. HEATH - HW-12, (M)May 69 p.53; HW-I2A,
Some of the manufacturers have changed their (M)June 68; HW-16, (R)Jaiu68; HW-17, (A)June
names, so the latest names are used here. The 68; HW-17A, (R)July 69; HW-18, (A)May 68;
earlier index had a fairly complete oro&jwefercuce HW-22A, (M)June 68; HW-29A, (M)May 68;
listing of manufacturers names, so that is omitted HW-30, (M)May 68, <M)Feb.69; HW-32A, (M)June
here unless there has been a name change during 68; HW-100, (R)Jan.69; SB-100, (M)May 68 p.53;
the period covered by this index. Some manufac- SB-101, ( S m o v M p.50, (M)Mar.69: SB-200,
turers may have gone out of business, while others (M) J ail .69; SB-220, (A)Dec.69; SB-301, (M)Oct.68
may have moved, and the latest issues ofQST are p.44,1M)Ian.69;SS4U0,(M)Nov,68 p.5t;SB-4Ul,
the besl source uf currently-active manufacturers (M)Jan.69; SB-500, (A)Apr,69.
and their addresses. HENRY RADIO - 2K-3, (A>Nov.68.
The List is alphabetical by manufacturer, with
HUNTER - BANDIT 2000C, (R>Sept.68.
each model in alphabetical-numerical order. Arti-
cles dealing with modifications are denoted by M, INOUE - FDFM-2, tR)Nov,69.
review articles by R» and advertisements by A. Page LAFAYETTE - HA-800, (A)Dec.69,
numbers are given only when It Is not obvious from NRQ (NA110NAL) - HRO-6O, <M)Dea68;
the table of contents, or index of advertisers, as to NCX-S, (M)May 68; NCX-200, (A)Feb.68,
where the information may be found. NCX-500, (A)Sept,68; NCX-IOOO, (A)Sept.69.
Thus, HEATH, SB-101, (M) Nov. 68 RADIO SHACK - Realistic DX-ISO, (R)Mar.68.
p>50,<M)Mar.69 refers to two modification articles* SIGNAL/ONE - CX-7, (A)Nov,69.
one on page SO of the November, 1968 issue, with
the other in the March 1969 issue, ft would be SWAN - Cygnet 260, (A)Feb. 69; Cygnet 1200-W,
necessary to look in the Table of Contents to (A)Nov.69; Deluxe Cygnet 270, (A)Oct.69?rV-2,
determine the location of that article. For items (A)June 68;350, (M) J an. 68 p.42, (M)Dec.68
with an advertisement as a source, consult the p.46; 350C, (A)June 68; S00C. (A) Feb. 68.
Index of Advertisers at the back of the issue in TEN-TEC - PM1, (A)Nov,69,
question, YAESU - FTDX-400, <R)June 68JL-2000,
ALLIED RADIO (KNIGHT-KIT) - A-25L5, (R)Nov,68. gggq
<R)Feb.69,T-175, (R)Mar.69;
TR-1U8, (M)Mar.68p,51.
AMECO - ACM, (A)Dec.68 p.5,
CLEGG - 22'er MK II, (A)Nov.69.
COLLINS - 32S-3, (M)Dec.68; 75S-l,(M)Mar.69. SWITCH
*H5 San Juan, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87644.
1
TO SAFETY!
Wageman & Wage man, 64 An Index of QST
Items ott Commercial Gear," QST, April, 1968.

May 1970 58
 Hints
For the Experiment*
COILED CORD FOR THE SOLDtiRING IRON
There must be a special section of Murphy1* Law
covering soldering irons. No matter how carefully
you set the iron down* you always end up burning
holes in its cord - or the schcmatic that you are
working on. One cure is to replace the present cord
on your soldering iron with one of the coiled
appliance cords available at electrical supply
houses. The cords stretch out to five feet, but coil
up to about nine inchest when the iron is not in use.
- WIKLIL
DIRECTION HINDER SCALE
In the article, "Direction Finder/' which ap-
peared in the "Hints & Kinks" column of 007* for
December, 1969, instructions are given tor drawing
d calibration scale. However, it's not stated
whether the degree marks should increase numer-
ically from right to left or from Left to right. The
natural inclination, if one does not think this
through in advance, is to start at the left and work
to the right, as 1* shown in tig. 1 A.. However, this
method is incorrect; the right way is shown in Fig.
IK, - C W. Fowler HI. W4TVC
% tto 130tto- m no « »
ftf. I I10LLI I ' 1 1 ' ' 1
m m* U0j40 2 * 1 « a i s » l l f t t t t t to I
•»'1' 1 i t 1 i m i l t l M J Ml f j l f l IJJJ.I.LLLli
ffl>
Fig, 1 - (A) Wrong and (B) right ways of drawing
the globe calibration scale.
MULTIVIBRATOR
Q1.Q2
BASE
EMITTER ^ 1 .-03LLKTOR
BASE
BOTTOM VIEW
COLLECTOR
56
Kinks
NEON-BULB LAMP DRIVER
The circuit shown in Fig. 2 permits operation of
a neon bulb from a 12-volt supply at a current
drain of approximately 6 mA.
Transistors Q1 and Q2 form a complementary
astable multivibrator. The output of this multi-
vibrator is used to drive switching transistor Q3.
When Q1 turns on, Q3 also turns on. During the
time that 03 is on, current flows in L I . When Q3 is
turned off, a large voltage spike appears across L I
and fires the bulb.
In a complementary multivibrator both tran-
sistors are uff during one part of the cycle, and
both transistors are on during the other part of the
cycle. A complementary multivibrator, rather than
the conventional variety, is used in the neon-bulb
[amp driver, because it is off during most of the
cycle. This results in less current drain. The circuit
will operate satisfactorily at supply voltages of 8 to
16 volts, although the brightness is decreased at the
lower operating voltage.
Transistors Ql and 0 2 were selected for their
high beta, while Q3 was picked because it has a
high breakdown voltage. A Miller No. 6304 fenite-
cam -if choice was used for LI. - Joe # }}nncaru
K4ZLI/Z
MO m
'
USING DB AND VII METERS
In checking and monitoring the output level of
phone patches* a dB or VU meter is useful to
insure that voice peaks do not e\ceed the maxi-
mum allowed in the new tariffs. However, two
factors should be taken into account when hooking
up snch a meter. First, the standard impedance for
these meters is 600 ohms <prinr to 1940 several
standards were in use and meters made before
Pig. 2 - Schematic diagram of the neOTvbulb lamp
driver. Capacitances are in uF. Capacitor marked
with a polarity is electrolytic; other capacitors are
disk ceramic or paper. Resistances are in ohms; k =•
1000. Resistors aro W-watt composition,
CR1> CR2 - High-spaed silicon switching diode
(1N914).
11 -NE-51H neon bulb.
BfiASSPUTS LI - S e e text.
(ttUKfftlt)*- Q1 - Pnp silicon, hFE 300-600 (Motorola MPS
6523).
Q2 - Npn silicon, hFE 300-600 (Motorola MPS
IMlTTtR 65211
0 3 — Npn silicon, VCEO 300 V (Motorola MJE
340).
QST for

PHONE
MTCH
O
World Wat II may have been made to any of the
then-popular standards). The telephone line is close
to 900 ohms impedance, so the 600-ohm meter
will read on the lugli side.
Second, as shown in Fig. 3, many of the meters
on the surplus market were made to be used with a
3600-ohm multiplier resistor, while others have
built-in multiplier resistors, and some require that a
T-pad and a multiplier resistor be added externally.
An appropriate pad, such as Z l , will be necessary
if the 600-ohm line meters are to read correctly on
900 ohms. Until you know what the meter you
have is suppose to do, don't believe the readings
you get on the phone tine. In fact, don't hook up
the meter, because if it is a type requiring an
external multiplier resistor, it will place on the
phone fine a low-impedance load* which can cause
trouble with the telephone service. - W1KIJL
Fig. 4 — Details of the easy tilt-over tower.
EASY TILT-OVER TOWER
A tilt-over tower costs a bag full of money if
you want a structure that does not require any
guys and is large enough to hold a big beam. My
approach uses a surplus telephone pole obtained
from the power company- The local branch moves
a lot of their lines around and doesn't reinstall
older poles, A request to their office produced a
30-foot pole within two weeks. Then, a used
TV-type 40-fout tower was purchased for $25.
Getting the pole set in the ground was a problem
until t found a power-company crew who put up
May 1970
TEL,tCa
COUPLER
Fig. 3 - Various connections for dB and VU
meters. (A) Direct, (B) with multiplier, and (Ct
with T-pod (Z1) and multiplier. Resistances are in
ohms.
clothes poles in their free time. A cement foun-
dation for the hinged base of the tower was poured
next to the pole, and eight-inch TV house brackets
were used to secure the tower to the pole (Fig. 4).
The easiest way of getting the tower up straight
was to first put the brackets on the pole, next
mount the first three tower sections in the brac-
kets, and then align the tower with a level. Once
the tower was correctly positioned, the cement was
poured arollnd the hinged base. A block and tackle
from the local "rent-all" is used to raise and lower
the tower.
The wisdom uf the tilt-over approach was
proved a week after the beams were up. My
13-year old rotator burned out. Back came the
block and tackle; the array was lowered, rotators
exchanged* and the antenna raised again. The
structure is quite strong - it hardly moved in
several winter storms that damaged a number of
other antenna installations in the area - and the
total cost was only $60. - W1KLK.
NEW LIFE FOR WORN SOLDERING-TIPS
Soldering-iron tips that have been subjected to
prolonged service usually bccome poor conductors
of heat. This condition may be remedied by
cleaning away the oxide that has formed between
the tip and the heating compartment of the iron.
However, several such treatments ordinarily reduce
the diameter of the tip excessively and render it
completely useless.
One method of extending the life of a tip that
has been cleaned and recleaned to a state of
apparent usetettness is to wrap it in a strip of
flashing copper. The tip should be thoroughly
cleaned before the wrapping is applied, and the fit
between tip, copper and the heating barrel should
be as tight as possible.
-George Gmmmer, W1DF
A TtP FOR A SOLDERING TIP
To make a soldcrirlg tip that can be used in
those small out-of-the-way spots that cannot be
reached with standard tips, saw off the end of a
standard size tip. Drill a hole large enough to take
No. 9 wire down through the center of the
remaining tip. Drill another hole in the side and tap
for a 6-32 set screw. Insert a piece of No. 9 wire in
the center, tighten the set xcrcw and there is your
new tip*
It takes a little longer to heat up the new tip
and it doesn't have the heat capacity of the old
one, but for hard-to-gebat spots it does the job.
- Ralph Antsmult* VE1AK
57
 ic® * u\

1 9 7 0 Arm C^|rf^iunication

M ARV^
p ACH YEAR on the third Saturday in May, the GMT- During this test of crossband operations, the
^ Department of Defense sponsors the obser- military stations will transmit on specified military
vance of Armed Forces Day. As a part of this frequencies while amateur stations will transmit in
observance the Departments of the Army, Navy the indicated portions of the amateur bands.
and Air Force annually conduct communication Contacts will consist of a brief exchange of
tests designed to demonstrate to the world the locations and signal reports. No traffic handling
close partnership and mutual respect enjoyed will be permitted The tabulation shows, in addi-
between U.S. amateur radio operators and the U-S. tion to the frequencies and modes, the appropriate
military. This year's program will he conducted on amateur band on which to respond in each case.
Saturday. May If>, 1970, and all licensed radio
amateurs are encouraged to participate. WAR 4001,5c w 3.5 - 3,ft5
The Radio Amateur's contributions to commun- Army 4030 CW 3.65 - 3,8
ication training, international goodwill, military Radio 6992*5 cw 7.0 - 7»1
morale and emergency services are recognized by Washn, 7325 cw 7.1 - 7.2
D.C. 14405 cw J 4,0 - 14,2
every echelon of the military services. The Armed
Furce$ Day Communication tests are designed as •3385 cw 3,5 -
the tangible demonstration of the firm and long- 4012.5 R A I T 3.65 - 3.8
standing Department of Defense policy to en- •4040 tsb 3-8 - 4.0
courage and support amateur radio activity. On NSS 6970 lab 7.2 - 7.25
this twenty-first observance of Armed Forces Day, Naval **7301 cw 7,1 - 7.2
all radio amateurs are invited to participate and to Communi- **733<i Ish 7.25 - 7.3
demonstrate to the world the close partnership and cation 7380 RATT 7.0 - 7.2
Station 7385 cw 7.0 - 7.1
mutual respcct that U.S. amateurs and U.S. mili- Washn, 14.0 - 14.1
13940 RATT
tary enjoy. D.C. I438S «tsb 14.2 - J 4.35
Once again this year, several military radio 14400 cw 14.0 - 14,2
stations will participate in communication tests 21 S00 cw 21.0-21.25
which include military-to-amateur crosshand opera- •••49.693 am 50.1 - 54.0
tions and receiving contests for both continuous * * * 143.820 nm 144.0 - 145.5
wave tcw> and radioteletypewrvter ( R T T Y ) modes * * * 150.090 fm 144.0 - 147 ,<>
of operation. *To be operated from 16/2200 CrMT to 17/0246
Special QSL cards confirming cros&band com- GMT.
munications will be forwarded to those amateurs * * T o be operated from 16/1400 GMT to 16/2200
GMT.
who establish two-way contact with participating • ••Provided it Is consistent with operational and
military stations. Certificates will he awarded to training commitments, this frequency will be key-
those who aptly demonstrate their operating abil- ed from a U.S. Navy aircraft flying between
Washington, D.C., and Brunswick, Maine, between
ity and technical skill by receiving a perfect copy 16/1200 GMT and 16/1430 GMT. The aircraft will
of the Secretary of Defense originated cw and/or depart Brunswick, Maine, at 16/1780 GMT and fly
R T T Y message(s) transmitted during the receiving westerly to Akron, Ohio, southerly to Morgan-
contest portion of the communication tests. Inter- town, Wast Virginia, and return to Washington,
D.C», at approximately 16/2100 GMT. The call
ception by short wave listeners (SWL) will not tdgn NS8AM will be utilized from the urczaft.
qualify for a QSL card in confirmation of cross-
4001.5 Ksb 3,8 - 4.0
band communications. However, anyone who has 4005 cw 3.5 - 3.65
the equipment and abilities may copy the Secre- 4016.5 RATT 3.65 - 1-8
tary of Defense messages and receive a certificate. NPG 730I.51ftb 7.2 - 7.3
Naval 7347.5 RATT 7*0 - 7-2
Military to Amateur Crostband Test Communi- 7365 cw 7.0-7.1
cation 7495 cw 7.1 - 7.2
Military radio stations WAR, NSS, NPG and AIR Station 1 3922.5 RATT 14,0 - 14,1
will be on the air from 16/1400 GMT to 17/0245 San 13975.Sew 14.0 - 14.1

58 QSTiox
Francisco 14356 unb 14.2 - 14.35 Submission of Competition Entries
Calif. 14375 cw 14,1 - 14.2
20954.5 cw 21.0 - 21,25 Traascriptions should be submitted "a* recei-
2] 600 1Mb 21.25 - 2 1 , 4 5 ved." No attempt should be made to correct
1143.700 am (44 - 148 possible transmission errors.
t t l 4 8 . 4 1 0 fm 144 - 148 Time, frequency and call sign of the station
t Provided it is consistent with operational and copied as well as the name, call sign (if any; and
training commitments* this frequency will be key- address of the individual submitting the entry must
ed from a U.S. Navy aircraft flying between San be indicated on the page containing the text. Each
Diego, California, and Seattle, Washington, during
the major portion of the time allotted for military year a large number of perfect copies are received
to amateur cross band contacts. The call sign with insufficient information, thereby precluding
NPGAM will be utilized on the aircraft. the issuancg.of a certificate*.
t+To be operated from Mt. Diablo,
Completed entries should be submitted to the
Armed Forces Day Contest, Attn: AFOCOM,
3347 cw 3.5 - 3,8
AIR 4025 Inb 3.8 - 4,0 Room 3E099, James Forrcstal Building. 1000
Air 6997.5 cw 7-0 - 7.2 Independence Ave., Washington, D . C , 20330, and
Force 7305 tab 7.2 - 7,3 postmarked no later than 31 May 1970. B HH
Kadin 7315 RATT 7.0-7.2
Washn, 13995 cw 14.0 - 14.2
D.C. 14397 us b 14.2 - 14.35
20994 cw 21.0 - 21.1

C.W. Receiving Contest fry S t r a v s ^

A cw receiving contest will be conducted for any
person capable of copying International Morse
Code at 25 words per minute. The cw broadcast
will consist of a special Armed Forces Day messu-
ages from the Secretary of Defense addressed to all
radio amateurs and other participants. The sched-
ule for this broadcast is as follows: To A\ to »hcnii ilsaEKw »ts»
Uui Atiutnir KU djoSUi ion

Time
16 May 1970
Station Frequencies (kHz} JSKBHL"
L2H>h Air HtlutlinK Group
17/0300 GMT WAR3347, 6992.S i+mitfl H»tf. HlMHii mw»l»
r•mtmntf*n tw
. « iM i m ***** tikw
K1>
tstummJ imt
I440S
iMmimM
1*1 <JJ#f* ««J»»
16/2300 EDST NSS 3385. 73K5
14400, 21500
1 A/2000 l'DST NHG 4005, 7495 un
•jm
n>u if~
i 3975.5, 20954.5 tSmJ+ETslJ » _
mil.
.i _t"r -
i4. «M
'• " -

AIR 3397.5. 7315 .T l i l t b *1T Mltfll

I39«J5
A6USA 6997.5
Army Radio S. Francisco On Saturday, May 16, WA9DZL, the amateur radio
station of the 128 Air Refueling Group (TAC),
RTTY Receiving Contest Wisconsin Air National Guard will be operating in
conjunction with Armed Forces Day. A very
A radioteletypewritcr RTTY receiving contest attractive commemorative certificate shown abover
will be conducted for any individual amateur or will be mailed to all hams who contact WA9DZL
station possessing the required equipment. This is a on this day. The operating schedule is as follows:
test of the operator's technical skill in aligning and
adjusting Ills equipment, and serves to demonstrate 14.297 MHz A 5 kHz 1300 GMT through 2100 GMT
the growing number of amateurs becoming skilled 7.280 MHz ± 5 kHz 1300 GMT through 1730 GMT
in this method of rapid communications. The 2&650 MHz ± 5 kHz 1730 GMT through 2100 GMT
RTTY broadcast will consist of a special Armed
Forces Day message from the Secretary of Defense To qualify for a certificate, just make a 2-way
to ail radioteietypewriter enthusiasts. The message contact with WA90ZL and send your QSL card to
will he transmitted at 6 0 words per minute in WA9DZL, 128th Air Refueling Group (TAC),
accordance with the following schedule: General Mitchell ANG Base, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Time Station Frequencies (kHz) 53207.
•mt
16 May 1970
17/0335 GMT WAR ,1347, 6992.5 After K3BWL finished his teaching post at
14405 Salesian High School in New Rochelle, N. Y M he
16/2335 EDST NSS 4012.5. 7380 took up residence at the Pontifical College Jose-
13940 phinuni in Columbus* Ohio, for theological studies.
16/2035 PDST NPG 4016.5, 7347.5, There seemed nothing unusual about his room;
i.um.5 that is, until he affixed his caJl sign onto the door
AIR 3397.5, 7315 immediately beneath the room number. Now
13995 passersby are greeted by this prominently dis-
A6USA 6997.5 played notice:
f\5 USA 4025 73
Army Radio, Ft.Houston •Texas K3BWL

May 1970 59
 Rules for the
1970 ARRL Field Day
Annual Test for Emergency-Powered Stations, June 27-28

A I L set for Field Day? If not, atill plenty of time

left to: (a) find a PD site (b) stock up food,
repellent, etc. (c) get the generator running again
entry, do not send your original FCC/DOC log a*
your entry and la&t (though not least), odds arc in
favor of Murphyfttriking*so plan ahead!
and (dl see that all gear i* in A-i operating ARRL Field Day forms are now available from
condition. the Communications Department, ARRL, 225
There are 3 significant changes this year, upon Main Street, Newington, Connecticut 06111,
recommendation of the ARRL Contest Advisory To aid us in getting these logs to you as fast as
Committee: Time-sharing devices are now prohibi- possible, please be sure to include with each
ted (see Rule 4); the field day period will he request a self-addressed and stamped legal-size
advanced one hour (see Rule 5): a novice station envelope containing: your full name, call and
will be permitted without adding to the transmitter mailing address complete with Zip code. (Mess
classification (note Rule 9c). sufficient postage is included, logs will be s
The limited setup-time proviso remains optional third-class maiL
rather than mandatory. If you chose to honor it, All entries must be postmarked no later than
then you may operate all 27 hours; if you set up July 27 for QST listing. Please submit your FD
beforehand, however, you may operate no more photos, messages, publicity along with your entry.
than 24 consecutive hours of the allotted 27. It is extremely difficult, if not sometimes imposs-
To keep on good terms with ARRL, FCC/DOC, ible. for us to match up ail the pieces when they
fogs must be kept in GMT for crora-checkfrjg arrive here separately. If you intend to claim bonus
purposes, portables must he logged as such in your credit for message origination and/or handling, do
send in now for a copy of ARRL Operating Aid 9a
which gives an example of a standard menage
ABBLFMdDar
i alt Mr vm
nfm rut? mar
ml wondMfc&fflSa • form.
C U Field Day, Good Luck. - WAlKQM,
l£f A* cJ* *» OMX*tfuv*irtAl» CU* «r paf
A i. iwn * wffrenrn nr LftJ r71 Rules
X
r\ c. nwa,Tun» L MigibtJity: I he? h e l d Oay is open cuinpetrtlvely to all
X if »j MUS or amateurs in the AkKJ. 1-ieUl <Jr£ani7ation (pluk Yukon and
Q Km iHttw N.W.Li, f oreign titatton* may hr enntavted lor credit hut ar*
•Aft Mite «r v**34 ftrtMptfl* «* th!« mil eligible to ^ m p c t c .
{WQtM» WO) QQomnfear BfuwtW IMnr Qonn 2. Object: l or portable and mobile stations to work as many
MKVlftlflft Mf TiTgariii.
MM (|B«tf> tf*, >Uh*7 Jfc JrfSI . ]Ri. stations as pwsiblc. frur homr *r.uiotii, to « o r k a \ many
M a •Irlillir llrT. Traaritt^r portable and mobile stations as possible.
r» i2 . Ut 1. Condition* of Kntry: l 7 aeh entrant agree* to be bound bv
T3 A 2-
41* •1 . vm ^ - t l S 400
the intent tn well as the prmlston* of thc*c nik*. the regulation*
ut his H o m i n g authority jntl the ^IcciMonitnf the \ R R U Contest
to A.
iue.ir. aos
ff
.%s
r3
t
r
<
3
T 2 . reso
1.
. vn
rr
SS-S4
SWM^OO W
to
T5
O
and Awtttdsi'ommittee.
4. frntry C1a#uftcattonju f otric* vnH be vlas^ificd tn
.kuffiJutwe u i t h the number nf operating position* rapable of
70 X) 420 S&-34. insrantaneou* u p e u t i n n at any orn- time (turln* the 1 0 prnnd,
»? f u l l o w d by Jcsipiytion of the rntitrr r»t the Individual or jcroup
W. * 5 * t.S » 4 S7fii 5 puiticipirion. I hiA not prohibif morn npcratm* portion<
1717 OJUM» Kmc than y«ur intended clarification; however, of efortranl? or
pVfiftl) of dftilMtan|»lMi U Mai har #mAM
a .(aftpiiMpv . E" "3 rw no1*"
nicL-humcdf d e v i m or other rm-thnifc ot simultaneous operation
E1 Q31 « two or more band% without r o u n t t t i j them separately in tht4
* u— entry Llawncrftiort if (nohihitedr
Hi4aNrtltflM tin*tta iWIm ihlav*
oae N
oil <*. i ' b f x - I t l n h ni non-dub ^toup i3 or more licenced
vlt^ wrifft ftu« M 3
T
•m M ut nxfc J|K n^u » Sgf> tt*, *« thrtatof amuK'iirM s t a f o m up specifically for operation ?n the I'rcld
tluy tthd UMrtjt poitabte identification procedure- S^uh stilt ion*
t^SflA®"^ tiXf... /ell) nUfe must be located tn p l n m whidi m n n t rc^tlaT station locattoni
^ b, am. bMqniKdn^
lap, Bcwrfa)
a RESSXTji!"'sSTTi. jtid must ute mi rquipment or farilitlci i n f i l l e d for permanent
Nation use^ nor any stru^turrn installed permanently for I-'feld
Ihij Stations must he opuruted under oiu* '-all and under
control nt a licvnsce 01 tmstee for esch entry. All control
Entries must be accompanied by this summary l o u t m m for equipment o p e n r e d nrtdt'r a tin ftW <-ilI must \w
sheet, Vou may obtain the summary shown here within a cirvlc v. Iiowr iltametcT must r o t exceed 10(W1 feet.
plus log forms free on request from ARRU or b. Chx* # NnrH. lub Ktation% operated by not more than
prepare a facsimile. Attach logs of all Field Day t * u Licensed j m a t e u ^ Cither provisions tame ax for C\»%\ A.
Ctau C Stations loLited id veJiiele^ capable nt operation
contacts and copies of all messages received and while in n a t i o n and normally operated in tins manner, mcludint
relayed. Furnish publicity proof if applying for antenna f l a t s C ^atcon?i may operate stationary, but n/>
Spirit of Field Day bonus as well as a copy of your stationary cquipmrnt or tacitltle^ may be used. A <1a<c*C station
message origination. m a y w r be used as a <*leu A *hmon.

60 QST for
 d,ttar D. Stations operating from permanent or licensed
station location*, not portable or mobile.
5. Field Day Period: Held Day operation starts at 1800 GMT
the fourth Saturday of June and last* until 2(00 GMT the
following Sunday, d period of 27 hours. Entries that do not
begin any settiftfriip operations until 1800 GMT on Saturday
may operate the entire duration of the contest; nthex* may
nperate no more than 24 consecutive hours.
ftj Bands: hach phone segment and w h cw segment is
ennsfdered ai a separate "hand/' AU forms of voice contact will
he mrotidered pAo//i» band contacts, in the voice segments tn
which they are allowed. Cw and R1TY will be considered
hand" contacts. I he same station may be worked on each band.
C'msK-feiEid contacts are not allowed. Hit use of more than one
transmitter at the same time in a »ingfe band is prohibited.
7. Exchanges: Stations making contact, in order to count
their cuntact a» valid must exchange ARRL Section (see p.
ftJOST) or specific location.
8. Valid Contact*! A valid contact is defined as a two way
r.n hmw iVe Rule 7, above} between stations, (lass A, H, and C
station* may contact any other amateur Nation. Class U. stations
may contact any Claw A.B oi C Nation. Stations may be worked
only onrc In each "hand" (see definition, Rule ft).
9. Miscellaneous Rules;
a. Operators participating in the FD may noU from any
other station, contact the Fd portable station of a group with
which they participated. This Is intended to outlaw any kind of
"manufactured" contact,
b» A station used to contact one or mure FD stations may
not subsequently be used under any other call during the FD
period. This rule is intended to outlaw multiple contacts on the
same band with the same station using different cull*.
SCORING EXAMPLES
A home station (Clans D) uses a generator to
power his transceiver. The station runs 120
watts d.c. input and ISO QSOs are made.
150 X 2 (50-200 watts) X 3
(Independent power) - 900
A one-man portable (Class B) makes SO
QSOs using a battery-powered
5-watt rig. He originates a FD
message to his SCM,
SO X 4 (under 10 watts) X 1.5
(battery multiplier) X 3
(independent power) - 900
Bonuk for 100% independence from
commercial power ( 2 0 0 X J) 200
Bonus for message origination 200
] 300
A small club mans one transmitter in the field,
runs 40 watts d.c. input and uses
commercial power exclusively, 4 0 0 stations
are worked,
4 0 0 X 3 ( 1 0 - 5 0 watts) ~ 1200
» . «
A club mans two transmitters simultaneously.
One runs 8 watts d.c. input, powered by
batteries and makes 70 QSOs. The other
station runs 1 &0 watts input, generator
powered, makes 3 0 0 QSOs. No commercial
power on site- No FD traffic, no publicity.
70 X 4 (under 10 watts) X 1 , 5
(battery multiplier) X 3
(independent power) = 1260
300 X 2 (50-200 watts) X
(independent power) 1800
Bonus for 1009& emergency
power (200 X 2) 4Q0
346(1
May 1970
c. Any Clas* A group whose entry classification is four or
more transmitters may also use one novice operating position ito
he set up and operated only by novice class licensees) without
changing the basic entry classification.
IIX Scoring: Scoring is based on the number of valid contacts
times the power multiplier times the independencfrof-mains
multiplier, times the battery multiplier, phts bonus points. The
following are multipliers and bonuses;
a. Powtr For ejeh contact made using output stage plate
fcollcctorl dc input power of 10 watts or less, multiply by 4.
Over 10 watts up to 50 watts, multiply by Over .111 watts up
to 200 watts, multiply by ?. Cher 200 watts up to 1000 watts
multiply by I. Over HKX> watts, multiply hy zero' Pnweron wb
phone is considered to he half the peak envelope power: that is,
100 watts PEP would take the 3(l-watt multiplier. Where various
powers are used* each contact rmut take only the multiplier for
that particular cuntact,
hjudrprttdi'm-e JYam Mainz
(1) Contacts inude with both transmitter and receiver
operating from power source independent of commercial mains
take an additional multiplier of 3.
(2) Contacts in Classes R,C, and in 10-watt Clas* A <ace
Rule 4), made with battery power, take an additional multiplier
of 1.5.
< I) Charging batteries from commercial mains while using
them to operate equipment isnof considered independence
from mains" or battery operation. However, batteries may be
charged from an independent source while being used, or they
may be charged from commercial main* while not being used.
<;. Arouse* The following points may be added to the score
after all multipliers have been applied.
A home station (D) using commercial power
and running 30 watts d.c. input works 2 0 0
FD portables.
2 0 0 X 3 (10-50 watts) = 60O
A mobile (Class C) makes 6 0 contacts running
30 watts input. He originates a FD message,
receives two and relays two*
60 X 3 (10-50 watts) X 1.5
(battery multiplier X 3
(independent power) = 810
Bonus for 100% independence from
commercial power ( 2 0 0 X 1)
On gina tion .bonus
Receive/relay bonus
A large group in the field mans 6 transmitters
simultaneously (Gass 6A), Three setups run
30 watts input and make 350 QSOs, three
run ISO watts Input and make 6 0 0 QSOs.
No commercial power on site, publicity
supplied, a message originated, 4 received
and 2 relayed by ham radio.
3 5 0 X 3 (10-50 watts) X 3
(Independent power) ~ 3150
6 0 0 X 2 (50-200 watts) X 3
(Independent power) 3600
Bonus for 100% independence from
commercial power ( 2 0 0 X 6) 1200
Publicity bonus 200
Origination bonus 200
6 rcd./rel, lo/points 60
0410
61
 <]J 100% emerfrnry /wvw, If all equipment ;iih1
facilities «t thp E-leld Day site were npcnited during the entire
FD period by cmrosency power independent o f conrnirarial
mains, add 3 0 0 points per transmitter classification (See Rule 4 ) .
iExample: CJaa IA wnuld pet 200 points, 2*. would get
400, Class J A wnuld gpt 600, etc.). This includes wrythmft
tatyexs. rcfrigcratora, lights, monitoring rex-werx, cuoklng,
battery t-harging, rtc. tf commercial main* aie at band, putf fAf
tmin switch from IKiin Saturday untd 2100 Sunday- I'wb it
your generator g o « ptttt you 1<*e the bnnui it you turn nn the
coramerrial power.
il} fubfirfty\ Evidence nf publicity muxt be attached tn
the H ) log and report to p t additional 20Q*pomt bmtua. This
o n be in tlie form of a newspaper or m a r i n e <ljppuigr m a
letter or memo from a lit: oi TV Motion stating that publicity
was given.
i J) M m r j p itritfnatkw. An additional 211(1 points may be
added if a menage is nriguiated by yuur ciub president or
m-tivities HiHtiu^er ur other I'D leader addressed to the SCM or
SFC, »uting the club name for non-club group), number of
operators, Held location and number uf AKK- members
participating. Hie memge must be transmitted during the VI)
S i t e - S t r a y s ^ !
Back in May, 1935 R/9 magazine there was a
"stray" that might be of interest today, what with
&-hand awards and tfuch. Proposed by the Nor*
wegian branch of the / . . 4 . / L U {N.R.FLL*} as
repotted in Radio R.E.F. a ttew abbreviation:
QSLN. "La station ne desire pas de cartes QSL et
n *en envarra pas* ttaufdemande xpeciate." Meaning,
in American (not English), "we doanawanenny and
ainaxonasendrnny.M
When W0PSF, waa returned to his hospital bed
from the recovery room he was surprised to learn
that W0AAJ did the surgery.
Use your Zip code when writing ARRL, Use
ours, too. It's 06111.
The QCWA Northern California Chapter recently
presented four members with certificates for 50 or
more years of active hamming. Shown, from left r
4re K6JI, W6NU, W6JNr and K6HT.
62
period and a fully-serviced copy of it is standard AKKL form
must be included with the FD fog and report
(4) Mes&jsr hauiUkrxt Add 10 point! for each message
Tmreived and each menage relayed dunng the FU period, up to a
m™imuni ur ?on points, topic* uf each message, properly
vrrviced, must be Included with the Ing.
d, Club A%BV9tte Stabile Scttrrt. hnfne* u ndrr 0 U » C may
be combined to form an aggregate scorc for the club, having no
connection with the chib't portable rntry, ir any. Individual
sports must include the club name, mid the club jwrrtary or
other designated club otricial must submit a claimed aggregate
xcurc. Only bona tide members ot the rhih residing in the club
territory may cuiitnhute to this mobile ire,
1 L Reporting: Hail reports or entries «n or before tuty 27.
Reports must show starting and ending time nf I V operating
period, bands used, dates and contact times in GMT, calls uf
stations worked, and ARR1, section* or l o t i o n s of stations
worked, Reports must also show power inputs and sources of
power, number of transmitters in simultaneous operation,
location of station, number of persons uartidpatlng, e l m a f
entry, and senrr romputattons- IM 1 ^!
RULES FOR LIFE MEMBERSHIP
1. Life Membership in granted only by
the Executive Committee, tipon proper
application from a Full (U.S. or Canadian
licensed) Member*
U. The Life Membership fee is twenty times
thn annual dues rate, or currently $130.
3. Ail applicant may choose an alternative
time-payment plan nf H quarterly instal-
ments, $16.25 eanh. in such instance he
will be provided an interim two-year Full
Membership certificate. Upon mmpletion
of the payment*, the application will be
presented to the Executive Committee for
approval.
4. Li fe Mem hershipft are no n-transferable
and tines* payments are non-refundable*
In the event an applicant la unable to
complete payments un the instalment plan,
he will be fiiv*ii a term of membership,
at the annual dues rate, r-ommenaurate
with payments received.
5. Other licenced amateur* in the same family,
and at the sume addrew, uf a Life Member
may retain or nhtain Family Membership
upon payment nf the annual dues of $ l t but
without receipt nf QfiT. The due* of the
Family Member may he prepaid for any
number nf years in advance, but there ia
no special rate.
fi. Application forms are available upon
request from the Secretary, AUttL, New-
ington, Conn. 06111.
QST for
 VHF QSO Party Announcement J u n e 1 3 - 1 5

in getting these logs to you as fast as possible,

STARTING TIME ENDING TIME please be sure to include with each request a self-
1900 GMT, June 13 0600 GMT, June 15 addressed and stamped legal-size envelope contain-
Operate any consecutive 28-hour period ing: your full name, call and mailing address
complete with Zip code. We can send 5 log sheets
Fcrst-Class for 6 cents postage. Using this as a
l i f ADE any plans for the second weekend in guideline, you can ettimate the amount of postage
JpTA to include.
June? If not, how about giving some thought
to the June VHF QSO Party scheduled to take Be sure your entry is postmarked no later than
place June 13-15, July 5th and don't forget to include comments and
What better time to work those new states, test pictures with your log. - W A 1 K Q M
those Field Day vhf rigs, meet old friends. And if
mountaintopping is your bag, why not take the YL Rules
or XYL and junior ops (as the case may be) and U The June 19*F0 V.H.F, QSO Party hegtna at I«UII OMf\
make a day of it, complete with a picnic. Your Saturday, June J J. and end* at oouu GMT, Monday. June I S.
Entrants mav operate any cotitimJuiw JS-hour period beyinmn*
scribe looks forward to doing just that. It won't m» earlier than l90nGM) Saturday I star Una on the hourl mid
win contests, but what better way to promote our ending no (iter thin oowi Monday* All claimed contact* must be
within the cbincn 2A-huur pertod and must he made on amateur
hobby to friends and loved ones. frequencies a how 5ii MH/r, <winf a tit horded rnudes ot opera-
You may operate any consecutive 28-hour tion .
?J NanuH>f-acction exchange* im«t he ac knowledged by both
period, working the same station on different operators before either may itaiin contact pumtrsl. A une-way
bands for additional QSO and section credit. All e.uhatitfe, confirmed. dock tu»t count; there no fractional
that is necessary is to exchange your sections. Your breakdown ofthe 1-. I-,i.it >puint units
Jl disced-, portable- ot loolule-staUon n per acton iwcfrr
final score equals the total QSO points times the talk Eram one locution only, m permitted. A transmitter used to
total number of band-sections worked. ontact wie or mure »tattoru inav not ba used subsequently
under auv other LMI durinf the contest period fwlth the
Read the rules carefully, then send right away exception of family stattnn*. wherr more than one <aU is wigned
for your tree contest logs, being sure to state the tu«ne location by ICC/DUC).
While no minimum distance h *pacirtrd for contacts, equip-
quantity desired (38 QSOs per log sheet). To aid UK ment in use should be capable <»1 reAI communications (i.e. able
to m mm imitate over ul least n mile).
Contacts made b> retransmitting either <* both station* d<»
nut count Tor contest purpufcvk,
AKBL V H F . . QSO Party 4) Scoring: t poi/if tor completed twu-w«y
«n 50 or 144 MH?., 2 p m n t f for such exfrhnn$fi%
f AFS& BICCKtf.&Kvlff 2JU or 430 Mil?.. J p w n t o tor Mich
exchange* <m the higher vhf bends, The sum of
(d»T — f a . M lU , per these pruntft will br multiplied by che nitmbwr
fttatlon Worked jlaatlM 50 J fits ut d i f t e r r m AKKL MKtiona Worked per Kind,
Sen. 7
i.c , thoxr ivith which at 1an*t one point has
been earned. Reworking sections on additional
m tf03 K 1 A B R R I / / bands for extra nectlon credits Ht permitted.
Oron-band work does not count. Aircraft
n i s K 1 H L A N L I % 1 nmblte station* i;aimut he counted for section
miilttpticrs-
s o 1 1 3 3 K I M U J / L C O N N / 1 5) foreign entries: all contact* with foreign
m i W B 1 H I P / + E r u I z I
countries (Mich a» Mrxici> and the Hntiamnft)
count tor KWV- Alt foreign tonutrie* are
220 K 1 Y 0 N C O N N i 2 HTunped together, and a multiplier of no mot*
than o n e ^per Hindi nmv he v(aimed for
920 Z 2 3 Z W L Q W J W M A S S I 2 ^untavts w i t h ait foreign »tatfonk worked.
Foreign Nations may only work arntlon* in
W 5 2 3 H 7 W A 1 I 0 X C O N N t 3 AKRL sections tor contest credit end will give
Szrr. 2 their country namu.
A contact per hand may be cotinW for
t f f 0 0 3 1 V s / A i l O X C O N N 3- 1 each btition wurked. i.x.: W2KII- i&NJ.)
works Kr YON (Conn.) on SO, 144 and 12<*
O O V Z K l H T V C O N N t MHz. tot complete es^haniws. Ihts
WTK1K 4 pLiJuts (t- t- 2) and ulsn 3 aection-
O Z H W S S H M I C H H- i multtpHer credits (If W2EIF. contacts other
Cunn. station^ ua these bsnds. they do not add
to his aectlon multiplier hut thoy do pay off in
additional contact points,
7) F.tu-h section multi^ier requires :i
complete exchanir with a t ( r u s t one station,
t S f t X A VUS Ctf UtV ® Single 0p«v«ta» Oprntoe the nine neutxon pro%idea another multiplier
point only when contacted on a newvhfbund.
E55S5G— Calls of all opmtar 1/ Loggm < 8> Aurard^. tritries mufct he ptistmirked no
IAI3 i>iaan«»f«'> later than July *» 1470- A certificate will be
i awarded to the high-scoring single-operator
111
¥ station in crtch AkHI action, in addition, the
high-scoring tuultiopemur station will receive a
certificate in wich section from which three or
10 EE Mil prwglly with Mttta and jtvtei to tf%
H9 Kaia. St.p Iwdngtoa, more valid multiple-operator entries are recei-
ved. Certificates will also he given to the top
OoaaaUenb P6W, Novice in section* of less than ) entries who in
(palate) («at.) (FLML BOOM) the opinion %,r the Atvard* Lommittee. dn-
iUt« that t MM ^r tfat TVbfl epaelf&ei fW this aaltaai aad tfaat^ to the played evceptlonal eftort. Awards Committee
but tf Wf ii set fwth la tht above decisions will be final.
Call

May 1970 63
 In the Public Interest, Convenience,Necessity Nfttt
CONDUCTED BY GEORGE HART/ W1NJM
Field Day and Emergency Preparedness In a real emergency, you would most likely
V ES, next month we fiave Field Day. It occurs operate from a permanently-established RACES or
the fourth full weekend in June, every year, ARfeC station in a civil defense or Red Cross
o>me heat or cold, wet or dry. The rules are center, using emergency power provided at that
detailed elsewhere in this issue. point; yet this is prohibited by FD rules- Yuu
The general consensus seems to be that Field would use the highest power available, yet if you
Day was originally intended as an emergency do this in FD you are penalized for it. Vou would
exercise. Those of you with old files of QST should certainly use commercial power if it were available,
refer to the June, 1933* issue, page where the but if you do this on FD you lose multipliers and
first annual Field Day is announced* No where in bonuses.
the announcement is emergency preparedness or Bvery year many comments are received to the
public service mentioned. "Beside* offering an effect that our FD is not truly an emergency
opportunity to gut out in this fine spring weather," exercise the way it ii conducted, and to make it so
the announcement concludes, "the real object of we should changc it this way or that way. In most
this contest is to test portables," The announce- such cases, to do so would perhaps add to its
ment of the second Field Day {June*34 QST, p.8) significance as an emergency exercise but take
adds the emergency aspect only a* an afterthought, away some of the other aspects of it that drew
to wit: "The operation of portable transmitters participants and make it our higgest (from the
and receivers afield is a most enjoyable activity; in standpoint of participation) activity of the year.
addition it facilitates operator preparation to ren- No, Field Day is valuable as an vmcigency
der constructive service in time of emergency/1 preparedness exercise, but it is also valuable as a
The fact is, and we might as well face it, that the contest in which exists such things as rivalry,
great majority of those who participate in FD do
so either for theglory of winning a con test,or just
for the doggoncd fun of it. Only a small percentage
go out with altrustic ideals aimed at being better
prepared to serve the public in times of disaster.
Nevertheless, Field Day is a group rather than an
individual exercise and its success depends on
teamwork* which is also a prime ingredient in the
effectiveness of emergency preparedness. Further-
more, credits arc given for operation from emer-
gency power and for using low powered equipment
of the type any emergency group may have to
contend with in a real emergency. The new (third
year) set-up time rule also rewards the FD group
for participating on an emergency-preparedness
basis. Thus, whether or not Field Day was orig-
inally set up for this purpose, and whether or not it
is conducted exclusively for that purpose today,
emergency preparedness is a prmtipal purpose of
Field Day, and those of us interested in public
service communications shouldn't forget it.
Of course in a real emergency you don't
ordinarily go out into a hay field and set up tents,
you probably do your setting up at a school or
other public building. Tn a real emergency you
aren't usually fortunate enough to find yourself at
a high location, but in FD this is much-sought- Members of the Manchester {N.HJ Amateur Radio
after. In a leal emergency you don t put up fancy Club Sponsored a message center over the holidays
beams 100 feet high and strive for contacts at great in that city's shopping district. Here is the view
distances on 40. 20, IS and ten meters, but In FD inside the message center with WA1BLR in the left
this is common practice. background operating on 20 meters while K1ISJ in
the foreground helping a shopper compose a
* Communications Manager, ARRL. message.

64 QST for
camaraderie, camping out, picnicking and chal-
lenges to the ingenuity or amateurs. True, we have
our jousts about the rules every jrcar, and each year
they are changed a little. This year is no exception
(sec h'D Announcement elsewhere in this issuel.
Some of the changes are designed to enhance the
emergency preiuredness aspect, others to make the
contest angle more fun, and all changes are made
only after thorough discussion and contemplative
decision concerned with the wishes of the majority
of participants.
What is Field Day all about? It's about many
things, one or more of which is bound to appeal to
nearly any active amateur. But more than any
other single thing, it is about emergency prepared-
ness. Keep this in mind, when you're out there
sweating or shivering, getting eaten up by mosqui-
toes, going without sleep, pounding away at the
key or shouting into the microphone. Don't let it
get too far away from you. It's too important. -
W!NJM
Traffic Talk
Quite a few comments on the PSHK. That's
good. We are still feeling our way. The February
QST column was quite modest. The March column
was more extensive, and when the April (January
activities) column promised to he even more so. It
was decided to raise the minimum points f/> .10.
HoWever, after thinking this over we decided tHis
would be unfair to those who, having made their
25 points and felt they would be in the PSHR.
would he left out. So It was decided to list those
making from 25 to 2<* points inclusive at the
bottom of the column, without a breakdown. The
same procedure is bring followed in this issue.
Starting with the July issue, only those with 30
points and above will he listed.
Meanwhile, confused SCMs and others have been
asking us questions, although for the most part
they are requests for interpretation rather than
complafnte about the setup, One notable exception
wa* an SCM who felt that giving five points to a
net manager just for being a net manager was
unjustified unless we gave SCMs (net managers*
managers) points too* and also SFOR and F,Cs and
other leadership appointees. In answering this
complaint, it should be remembered that the HSHR
is a recognition for operating, not administrative,
effort. The latter is recognized in other ways. Of
course managing a net is partly administrative, but
there is usually a lot of operating connected with it
also, and it is directly connected with a specific
operating entity - the net. The recognition seems
deserved, but any further comments would be
welcomed — especially from net managers who feel
it should be deleted, or those who are not net
managers but feel It should be continued.
A few other question*: J) How come cw QNIs
get twice as many points as phone check-ins, arid
cw NCS jobs get more points than phone net
controls? This is intended as an approximate
measure of the amount of skill required for each
type uf function. A cw station QNling the net has
to know his QN signals, his prosigns and other cw
abbreviation^ and special procedures — not to
mention more than a nodding acquaintance with
the International Morse Code. Same applies to
net-cuntrolling, although here the difference is not
too wide, since a phone NCS must also have
considerable skill in a properly-controlled net.
May 1970
In the February issue, athateur activity in the
Northern Ohio storms of July Fourth was
described. This picture of « few of those who
participated was received too late for inclusion so
is presented here. Left to right are W8VYU,
K8ZLG, K8UKY f WB8CMF and WA8DCE,
2) Does a net control get credit for a QNI, la
addition to his NCS points? How about a liaison
station in addition to his liaison function points?
No to the first question, yes to the second* The
NCS doesn't really report in, whereas the liaison
statibn really does. This points up a possible
discrepancy in that a liaison station can collect up
to 8 points fur one liaison function (two For
reporting into a cw net he is liaison from, two for
reporting into the cw net he is liaison to, and four
fur being a liaison station), while the NCS can only
claim four points for being NCS. More points for
NCKtng? Net controls will think so; howabuut the
rest of you?
3) How complete does the liaison have to be to
get the liaison points? It has to be complete as
assigned by the net manager or NCS. That is, the
station has to take all the traffic dnvpatched to him
by the NCS, duly report into the net he is liaison
to and clear all the traffic as directed by the NCS
uf that net. He cannot claim the liaison points
unless he succeeds in making liaison.
2a) A related question concerned the station
who serves as a two-way liaison between NTS
section and region nets. If station A serves as
liaison from a section to region net and also as
liaison from that region net back to the section
nnet the same day, does he get credit for two
liaison functions? Absolutely, if both are com-
pleted.
It pays to volunteer as liaison station on an
assigned basis!
4) What is meant by a "legal" phone patch?
Arent they all now legal? No, not all. A foreign
pbtuie patch with a country with whom the U.S.
has no third party agreement can be as illegal as
hell. Foreign phone patches with countries with
whom we have such agreements also may he illegal
if they g» beyond the scope of the agreements
between the countries (no business transactions,
etc.). The adjective means just what it says.
5) How about MARS functions counting toward
PSHR? Sorry, no. The PSHR, like the KPL,
envisages only amateur-band functions.
b) How come you allow a maximum of 20
points for phone-patching and only 3 points for
handling a minimum of 100 messages? Well, the
65
 Public Service Honor Roll
tehruftry, 1970 WiBVR 10 16 12
W1HKJ 10 16 12
This listing iv available tn amateurs nhoae public Mjrvice KISSH to 16 12
performance 1during the month Indicated qualifies for 2* WJZPB 10 16 n
points «r iron * total in (he nine categories below. Use form W2QC to Ift 17
CO-1 vu or submit equivalent intormdtroa rhrnuith your SCM, WAilPU 10 (6 U
-See page 75. Nnv. '69 QFT far details Please note maximum WA3tYS 10 2 16
point*, for each category. W^KUN 10 16 12
Cateiprv m W |5J (HI {9) Total KJMVO 10 16 12
Ma*- lis. til 14 tJ. 1) 2(1 - 5 WA^SCE 10 16 12
h HI 16 12
WASFQW 111 S 1 \x >2 5 SO W7<»MT 10 16 12
WASKXT to % 13 12 <> J- 5 72 K70FCJ h> l« £2
WA2CAL 10 5 1 2 r: 1 3 * *4 W\R77i 10 16 12
WA2UWA ll> s \7 12 1 S 64 W^Hl 10 id 12
WARNX 10 ifr 12 20 1 ft 64 WA#TGM to 5 & J 12
KpLVB 10 5 12 12 20 s M K2KDQ 5 12 12
WA2BAN III f» 17 12 5 63 WSLT* 10 5 16 6
WBSBBG 10 i Hi t? J 2 60 Vf+Luc, 10 16 6
W A. 1 HOI. 10 a 13 i; J SB K^MVK 5 VI »> II
WA7KJU 10 c E6 12 12 5 5H W2MTA to R 16
WOTl'BH 10 ft lb 12 $ 57 K1WZY tu 16
WA1IYY 1U j lb 17 12 SK W A3 TBS 12 12 I
W40UU 10 i If- 1? 12 55 K.IOIO lu 16
WSOOZ 10 5 lb 12 ss WAfilKM to S U 3
Willi1* 10 s \t> 12 3 SI lu 16 t|
WRIM1 10 s S n 5 51 KJ tSCi 6 16 12
WAS 0 HI 1U * 12 12 4 3 5 f>l K1SXF 12 12
WABYUB rn 4 12 ^ 51 10 * 4 J U
KiZNP iti s U 12 9 1 5 *<>
WA2DRH ID 5 ft 12 1 Z S 4v WA3^Ml 10 5 12 4
3 WA#VYV s tJ 14
WA»IAW 10 4 li* ij u fi Vf4Pi«;n tn 5 12 6
WA2UH5 10 & it* 12 5 4H WSMt-X 4 S lb 3
WA2YYS 10 * 12 s 48 K^BX^ H) b t2
WAMKH 10 5 10 12 s 4ri K2T)F1 5 12 12
WASPPI- e K 12 2u * 4H KJHKK a 17 12
W6Bti> i<> 3? 4S WA4PBC1 10 J> K ^
WfflKl' IO 5 16 12 ft 4K 10 12
K7NHI 12 4tt KTOGCP
S 4A K^L'CR 10 16 6
WA*VNU 10 lb rs WAflKKA 10 S
VV9HRrY 10 * lh 12 s 48 K2DK1. s 12 12
WpLCX lu 16 12 * 4S K3HKK s 12 12
WA2HMO 10 16 3 46 WA4I-BU id % ft S
W3KMI f >J 1« \2 3 5 46 K7GGQ 10 12
WAHZNC SO 5 S ft 12 * 46 K0HCK 10 16 fi
W6VNO 10 96 VI 3 S 46 WA#ftRA lu 5 12
WA0OU tU s 16 <> s 45 W1DVW 10 16
SK1YM4 10 * t* 11 1 44 WA21CU to 5 16
WA1JKJ lu * 12 12 S 44 K25JN S 6 2«
W70CX 10 fs 12 12 44 W411C Ml 5 1 6
wiRio 10 \t> 12 s 43 W6VJT 5 6 20
WlKKW 10 16 12 43 W7HLA 10 it 16
WAJHttN 10 1* 12 5 K7WWR to S 16
WtfinRc 10 16 12 4t WASMHO a 5 6
W2FR 10 tn tl S 4J WMYX\ * S 12
\V2RVr lu 12 $ 43
16 S 4,1 WA1U B 10 S 12
W5LOS 10 12 K"2KfK to 4 16 30
W3NKM to iri 12 & 4J
K4EHY lU •i 16 12 3 4,1 The following stations submitted point* total* between 19
WSGVX 10 K 16 (2 44 <ind is. Beginning with I uly QST only those totals above 30
KpMJU in 16 11 5 43 will He listed: U9J WB2D0g, WSfSM* WAdJOH. WA0MNL;
WA^VAb s 12 * 2U 3 44 (271 W2(>QJ, WA2VYT, W27Z, W3K2T, WSSttM. K751JM,
WA*WEZ 10 s 16 12 43 WA0UTT; W4DVO, K4IKX. WafltiF, W«1 WflLRN,
K71TH 3 12 14 ? S 41 WgLKWifZ*) WB9AMB.
WASZTV 10 r to it 40 The following stations submitted points totuU of 35 or
W! Bll V lu 1 lb 12 19 more hut no break down waa ftirnfelied: WAbLFA |4Ji,
K2K1R 6 to 1* f jy K*MAT (3ft).
V/4UU 10 I 16 15 * I >*v*tt** multtopmtor station,
K51ZA 4 i' 12 6 7 * J* Ldttqory 0) Cheeking Into cw neti; <2J Checking into
WAt>ROF 10 </ 12 .W
W7TYN 10 £ 12 12 3<J phone/ft FTV nets; f J) NCS cw n«1a; f4> N « phonemTTY
WBSALU 10 1 16 12 net*; (Si Performing liaison; tf6) Legal phone patches; <71
Making BP!.; (8) Handling emergency traffic; ttfi Serving aa
WAtfOTQ Hi & ti 17 net manager.

traffic-handler who devote* full time to patting
messages is amply recognized and rewarded In the
BPL. whereas the phnne-patcher is recognized only
in the PSHR. The first impulse was not to
recognize message handling in the PSHR at all, but
in introspect this didn't seem right, because mess-
age handling is a very definite part of public
service. If the PSHK had replaced the BPU aa
originally planned, message handling would un-
doubtedly have come in for a higher point tally. As
the situation now exists, the PSHR recognizes
mainly the non-message-handling aspect and the
BPL recognizes only the message count.
Answering questions always seems to generate
more questions, so let'* have 'em. WINJM.
Public Service Diary
Again we are in receipt of several reports from
VE2ALE recording assistance amateurs provided to
motorists after traffic mishap* in the Montreal
urea. On Keb. 4, VE2DHV was mobile tn the Point

66 QSTior
Claire area when he discovered a truck stalled on
the service road blocking traffic. VE2DEA was
raised via the VE2MT repeater and summoned the
police after copying all necessary particular*.
On Feb. 9, VE2BU was mobile in Strathmore
when he came upon an accident Involving a car and
truck at the site of some highway construction.
Using the VE2RM repeater, VE2AK.M was con-
tacted and the police were notified.
On teh. 10 at 144SZ VE2BHH was proceeding
west on the Bonaventure expressway in the city of
Ouebec. At the Atwater service road a truck had
been involved in a collision. Again it was VE2AKM
who answered the call and notified authorities.
A half hour later on the same date, VE2DIC
was heading west on Metro Boulevard near the
Hecarle Interchange when he saw a truck hit a
hump and loose part of h load of tires. VE2AKM
was on hand to call the Quebec Provincial Police.
VK2DIC was also able to supply a description and
the license number of the truck so the police could
intercept it and return the lost freight.
On the morning of Feb. 16, VE2AAS discov-
ered an accident at the interchange nf the Trans-
Canada Highway and Sources Road* At the time he
was in contact with VE2AKM through the VE2RM
repeater. The police were called and a patrol car
was sent to the accident scene.
On Feb. 23, while mobiling south bound on the
Decarie expressway, VK2BUF came upon an acci-
dent which was apparently part of a chain reaction
tie-up which began further ahead, VR2AKM was
on hand to call the police. - VB2AU5, Sec.
Quebec.
\t I756Z on Feb. 13, WB6UJ0 and K6AQV
were engaged in a QSO on twenty meters when
WB6AGT/R2 (maritime-mobile) broke in with an
emergency call, WB6AGT advised that he was
aboard the fleet oiler Manatee. An engine room Tire
had occurred and had disabled power for the Khip*fe
normal communications. WBftUlO, in San Rafael,
was nearest a Coast Guard Station and taking
control of the situation he had soon established
contact with the Navy in Honolulu. He then
continued to relay between Hawaii and the Man-
atee until the fire had been extinguished, regular
communications had been established and the ship
was again under way. In case the Manatee needed
Assistance, information on the positions of nearby
ships had also been gathered. The operation lasted
shout an hour. - K6AQV.
» A •
On March 2, K4RMX, a member of the
Winchester (Va.) Volunteer Rescue Squad, was
notified that the si|uad was responding to reports
of a plane crash on North Mountain 15 miles
southwest of the city. While on his way, K4RMX
alerted several stations on the two meter fm
frequency, WB4NER was on frequency and noti-
fied W4KAV, a member of the Civilian Air Patrol.
W4ACC, the local EC, was also present, and
assisted in giving directions to the search area. The
two mobiles, W4KAV and K4RMX, followed a
mountain road to a hunting lodge hut from there
on the remainder of the trip had to be on foot.
When the crash scene was reached it was learned
that those aboard the single engine craft had
perished* - W4ACC EC Frederick Co.. Va.
~ » » i —
On March 10 at 0045Z, W8NZ operating
mobile in Battle Creek, Mick, observed an acci-
dent. His call on six meter am was answered by
M a y 1 9 7 0
WA8MFL and WA8VXE. The police were called
and assistance was sent to accident scene.
WASVXE. EC Calhoun Co.. Mich.
m m •
Several reports of amateur participation in
March of Dimes campaign have reached headquar-
ters. in Oklahoma City, the county Civil Defense
radio van was used as a dispatching point for a
number of mobile units which were used to pick
up collections from neighborhood chairman. WA5-
CHZ and WA5BEN operated the control center
while at least twelve other members of the Okla-
homa Central VHF Club provided mobiles for the
operation which has become an annua! activity o f
the club. - WASPSN, tiEC Oklahoma.
^ m m i '
After participating in the SET on the weekend
of Jan. 24, members o f the Bristol, Tenet., AREC
joined in the March of Dimes relay to a Telerama
on one of the local television stations. Members of
the Johnson City Amateur Radio Club also helped
out in the operation which lasted nearly twenty
hnurs. Directing the amateur work was W4WJH,
SEC Tennessee.
On Jan. 27. thirty-two members of the Shelby
County (Tenn.) AKEC assisted in the March of
Dimes drive by picking up the collections when
captains of the collection teams were ready.
Facilities of the Red Cross were used to dispatch
about fifteen mobile units operating in the ten, six
and two meter bands. About ninety collections
were handled in the three and one-half hours of the
operation. - W4QQG, EC Shelby CbM Tenn.
The Cumberland Valley ARC of Chambersburg,
Pa., provided the customary support for the
Franklin County March of Dimes on Jan. 28. The
Club station, W3ACH, was temporarily installed in
the lobby of a local bank and was used as
dispatching point for several mobile units which
were used to pick up collections from local
officiate. About 100 such pick-ups were made
during the evening, — W3LEZ,
^ • . . .
What a way to start a new year I Only forty-
three SEC reports were received for the month o f
W2IIN of Elizabeth, NJ., is congratulated by
W2EUI upon completion of twenty years service as
Radio Officer and Communications Coordinator
for the Union County Civil Defense and Disaster
Control Staff.
6 7
 W& IUMM

January,. !970, the lowest number since July,

196V. The reports indicate an AHEC membership
of 13,934, about 1400 fewer than last January BRASS irWNMKS IAACUE
when we had only 42 reports. Come on. local ECs; dinner* uf BPL CcrtiflcAWf fur Kruaryeh iTuttn'
get thoste reports to your SEC w he can forward (toff , . • . CM* Xet M. f<ii>ffl
progreu reports to headquarters. WJCUL/4 , , 35? 3MP Ulul 67BS
Reports were ieceived from the following sec- KbbKl , • , 474S Tin *i }* c>tM
WASPPI> . . , n* 24(1 l»io «P1 494V
tions: Ala, Alta, Ariz, Ark, Coon, Del, EFIa, KP&, WA2UWA 24(6 ? 10 4902
Ind, Iowa, Kans, LA, Mar, Mich, Mont, Nebr, Nev, W#LCX . , , (07 T 4*» 2O02
WA4VAS , , '^rt 1943
NMex, MM. NC* NNJ, NTex, Ohio, Okla, Ont. W7BA . . . , M «77 H(7 S4 17«l
Oreg1 Que, SDgo, SF, SCV, Sask, SDak. SNJ, STex, K^UNK . . » PSS nil 07 22 1579
Tenn, Utah, Va, Wash, WVa, V/Fla, WPa. A? A 1! 1353
WvJ Vf) . , 2u7 1263
:Yattanal Truffle Syatrm. W2FR reports anothergood month K9 MX 5 M3 » f'227
for 3 RN with representation nearly perfect. But Howie it WSUPH , ... $
»

tt HEX . . , 4 2
« i
ssv 449 107
4*4
1120
1101
worried about the small number of people doing the job and
knr» the bubble may burst at *ny time. WftLRCJ has taken WA41JK . . , P5 ^ (102
over the reins of KNft after WAfcKOl?1* election n% nf W3VR/4 . . . 131 4*7 3H4
WB4AIW • i i » ft 471 454 13 U4H
the Orange Section. W7HQ reports KN7 about oo pur vcltti WA90OQ . , . * 442 j vri
last y w at far as average, fate ua<1 traffic are conwned but WAHW2F • r 477 31 «S7
thst representation Is up 1 J2 percent. W9HRY »ay& he cant W3£ML 33$ 7 «27
understand why "Grump * Jjiw" U not holding true; both WQIBQ , . . «1 4P4 37;? 16
traffic and representation were up a little during February. WA2HMr> 317 79ft
.9 4 353
February reports. WlOiM 349 347 i 704
.Vtff Setslfm Traffic Rat* . 1 S 344 -h
Av*. W4FVN 15 313 354 •i hMl
1KN . , > . - 15 534 .JHSO 9.7 90 J) WAHHTK . v* ?Bft :4
^RN . - . . . . 56 *6R .920 11.9 96.5 WnVNQ . 14 343 3A4 ii Ml
JRN . . . . . . 56 bJiQ .499 11.1 04.0 WAU1 F . m 214 4 >il4
7S.6 WH4ICI- . . . 16 246 241 SI NJ4
4KN . . , . . . 4S .40 r 11.7 WA«#VXA . 470 43 * hn\
RNS , . . . . . 56 84.1 15.U WA2BAN . J3 241 3
RN6 . - . * , . 5o .663 f 7.0 99.4 - . SI 26ft a

RN7 , . . , . . 54 6-U £2.2 W^MPX . . 107 1H5 13

*RN . , . . . . 56 fill ,455 Ifi.y 97.0 K4hKV . . 101 42o
9RN . . . ... 707 12.6 44,6 tt V2i:AL. . . IP Z67 Id 57 <
. . . S6 792 W^XV . . , 10 >77
T>:N . . . r4.i 91.5 W9GQO . . . p* 0
TWN . . . . . . ii7 .293 rt.t 77.9 733 18 553
£AN
CAN
.
,
.
.
.
.
. . . 2tt
1494
(415
1.494 71,2 9*.? ivgrmt ...
WA3IY8 . . . 19
il 769
?05 Qll
1 446
545
50.5 100,0 WA2KHI
PAN . . . . > , ZH I J4* 1-176 40.6 100.0 .'44 IM M 536
ICC Eastern > - t12* 790 WAtiirpc . . 2a MX ?30 2S 533
TCCOentnrt . . H4t
WB6BBQ . 214 30 511
KBZJU , . . U 60 215 5(0
W Pacific . . . rial F206 WWVVR . . IVI IMJ 35 *n?
Section*a . . . 1631 it.7.*a 7,2
WA2UWAlDt)c^ . (00 2450 0 S040
Summary , . . W/9 2Jt46(f F4N #AU ZOOS 10 454*
Rctrrr/i . . Jt0$9 t.wr WA2HMO (Jan.t . IS4 <74 360 12 900
*TCC Amotions* no* counted n net _ Mnre-Than-One < •perttor SI atian
''section and local nets reporting f61>: PVTEN. NJN, . 3<l7fi 0 a ^•70
MJBN (NJ'); FMTN, VRN, UN, QFN, FPTN, NHN (Fti*J;C, HH tor IMor mn
O. ARKC/RACES, OSMR* QCEN« OSN, BN* Pianfclm County KSONA ?42 %'AK-LB I IK KVBrN 101
(Ohio); WtfN (Vuk); BUN (Utah); Que. VRF\ VZK WH4UAH ixt WB9AMB lf« WA&OWL 102
(Alk.): VSBN, VN (Va»>; QIN (Ind,); MYft, NL1PW (tf.Y f )j WN3LR1 17n WAS h Bl 117 WAJm* 101
WSSB (Mich.); BAM (Orp-j; MDCTN <Md»-U.C.>; SCN wssnsv U7 RiKOQ f)2 WA4YYV 101
tCalj; MTN (Man.); EPA* PTTN, GPAEPTN (£. Paji WAAHHt 13* W A Ml lite keonrft:
FCATN, K1TN (Ry.K OLZ» (OkLOc CNk CPN (Conn.); WAoBY7 IJT WAVKYY Ml WA2KIN (Jau.l
WA#MMV 135 W7AXT lilt WBmiL Oenj 141
AfcNB. A END, AENM, AENO. ABNR (Ala.); UK8 <K*n*)i K^iDH 127 WA2MU fOA W.UHHT fJtflJ 14!
WSSM, BEN* WIN, WBBN. BWN (Wi«.>; WVN (W.Vaj; 1LN WAmcn (19 WAJlltt |fl< WA2CWU fact.) 117
<ril.); RISPN (RJ.); NTEN"» TTN (Tex-K CxHN fGa.); CM (N.C. WZiiR ICn
* &.C.); MJNt MSN, M&PN (Mfcn.)i WMN <Maasj K2DFL («7
Transcontinental Corps February reports BPL M«JBni0Ri <uw July. d. spq! havebeen
Out-nf-N+t awarded 1<i the Mlowini•rttateurt« last mf>ntfan!ut1n«i:
Am Functions Suwestjui Thtjfic Tr*iflC WA2i-K^WA3HBT,
Ihr BPLfttoven t*ill imutFiir* In the Mm ted Slatei,
Eastern , . . r (12 2094 790 Canada an d U.Sir PriMm<lon« report to tHelr M M a
Central . . . . 84 97.6 1640 786 uifftwgr totil of SODrtrMi
n nt nftil Jetivinr puinti
Puttie I L"3 95.5 241) 1206 ut 10(1 or nore
r any «l*ndnf month. All mcnttu biuM be
hindled nn omiteur frequrnciei within 4H bourt i>! rwi rpt In
Summary . . ,30* yo.2 6136 2781 itanJard AKBI. form
I he 1CC Roatcr: Intern Area (W3EMI., Dlr.k - Wis BJG
NJM WCH VK0» KtKSGt WA1JTM* W3« *R CiK3> PU QC\
K2« K1K HYH. WA2s CAI, I [MO MWA, W3PJUVL, KJMVC),
W4s NLC SOU UQ» K4KNK W8MM. KRKMQ, WABB OCG
YVR. Central Araa IW0LCX* Dirj -W4UCJG.K4AT.WSMr,
W9» CSV DNU VAY, WA9s KAK V7M* W0s Ml INH I.CX
n e t rrHN4 K^AtM. W ^ s 1>UU JAW RVR. Pacific A m
(W6VNQ, DIM - WSRB, W6» BGf BNX EOT IPW MLF Chang** of Addrmwa
VNQ V2T, WA6* BRC> l.FA HOb\ W7* L>ZX Gfll K2.
WA7PM*1, KttJSK Please advise us direct of any change of
Independent Net Reports: addieaa. An our address label* are prepared
Srxvnnit Chetk-lnr fYafftc in advance, please allow m weeks notice.
Pattern U.S. Traffic RO 91 When notifying, please give old aa well as
Mike Farad K it T . 24 M 26M new addrees aiid Zip codes. Vuur promptness
North Aimrlcut 9KB . 24 773 will help you, the portal service and us.
7»9« Traffic . . . l»4S 90S Thanks.
Northeast Traffic . 2* A46 569
Hit Nounve . . . 28 701
20 Meter ISSD > . . 20 47| 42TS

68 QST for

6 M T W 1 P &
1 2
1 4 5 6 7 « 9
10 It I I 13 14 1» 1ft
IT 1* 19 JO 21 7? 79
W 25 7* 17 21 29 30
California- The L F R C Amateur Radio Club I* sponsoring Chadron, Nebraska on Sunday June 7. Write M t O D f ' , P.O.
the J 970 Burtank Hamfe.it on May 9. 111? Manifest site 1* Box 732, Chadron, Nebraska 69337.
just 7 blocks from the Holiywood-Burbank Airport, f o r
mum information write the d u b at 2814 Empire Ave., Day on Sunday, June 7 at BeckN Grove, ten miles west of
Burbank, California 91504.
Florida- 'Ihe St. Petersburg ARC, Inc., will hold its annual
Hamfest at Lake Maggiorv Park, entrance gate at 9tb St.
South and 38th Avenue, Sunday May 17. All Hams and
guests cordially invited. This is uit old fashioned Manifest
with picnic lunch, w a p table and rots ot fun for nil
Florida- The 2nd Annual Brandon A R S Camporee will be
held at l-lorida Camplands campground north o f Dade City,
Ffcu lune I 2 t 13, and 14. All hams who ^iimp are invited to
uttend. For those within driving distance, there wilt be a
picnic Saturday evening. Advance registration is requested
although not required, l o r more Information, contact Gene,
W A 4 Y N W , I i l l Morrow Circle, Brandon, Fla. 33511.
Florida- The Orlando ARC, Inc., will bold their annual
Hamfest at the Hilton (nn, 3200 W. Colonial Dr., Orlando,
Fla., May 23 and 24. This Is the " l a r g e r Hamfest in the
Southeastern U.S. Laigc electronic show, icoud programs and
a dance Saturday night. Admission tickets $2.00- F;or room
reservations contact Hal Shea. W4BKC, 736 Alfred D r t
Orlando* Fla. 3281 a
Illinois- The fourth Rock River Hantvention will be
presented by the Rcnk River RC of Dixon, III. on May 17
from 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M. at the Lee County 4H Center,
Ambov, ill., which Ik located at the Intersection ut Highway
52 i»nd 3D. Advanced ticket* are $1.00, at the door $1.50.
Plenty of narking and food. Talk-in frequency h 3.9511 and
50.4 MHz, 'For tickets send check to Carl Karlsoiu Naclutsu,
III. 61057.
Illinois- I he Starved Rock RC will hold their Annual
S R R C Hamfest at the La Salic County 4H Home and Picnic
Area Southwest of Ottawa, 111. on June 7. This all-duy affair
suggests advance registration until May at $1.50, at the
gate $2.00, Free culfee attd doughnuts from IU;00 A.M. to
10:30 A.M. f o o d available and ample parking provided. For
h full day of Activities. follow the big yellow 'FTamfest" signs
on Route 71 from the South end of the Illinois River bridge
ut Ottawa, 1JJ. l or further details, including data on available
motels and/or cdtnp facilities write W9MKS, R F D 1, Box
171,Ogicsby,Jll. M14K,
Illinois- lite Klshwaukee A R C will hold their annual
Manifest on May 3 at Hopkins. Park, Route Dekalb, III.
Free parking, hot sandwiches, and free coffee ami doughnuts
until 10:00 A.M. will he available, laik-in on 7290 kHz. For
information write James Schwab, 743 W* State Street,
Sycamore, Illinois.
Indiana- The Wabash County A R C second annual Ham-
fest will be Sunday, May 24, rain ot shine. Held at the
Wabash County 4H Fairgrounds, there will be activities fnr alt
including hingo for the X Y U , ftaimurket, and a technical
Mrssion cm the Fnrt Wayne VH1- Repeater. Tickets arc % 1.00
h( the door. Fox further information write Bob Mitting, 700
Centennial St., Wabash, Tndiana 4t>992.
Kansas- The Central Kansas A R C will hold their annual
Manifest Sunday, June 7 at the 4H Building, Kenwood Park.
Ssiinfl! Kun*iv. (<or early arrivals there will he a dinner
Saturday evening and a "RotTee M a t c h " Sunday morning.
The hamfest opens at 9;U0 A.M. with interesting and
entertaining progiunut for the OM, Y L , X Y l and harmonics.
1 here will he a uowrrd dish lunch with beverages supplied by
the club, f o r more information write L.A. Anderson*
Hamfest Chairman. P,0. Box 1093, Sallna, Kanu» 67401.
Kansas- The Eli Plain* A R C Annual Hamfest will be held
May J7 at the Grade School Auditorium, Basket dinner at
noun. Bring yout own tabic scrvice, Dnnks will be furnished,
Uitge swap table, bring your trading gear. Camper round-up
May 1970
and space available at City Park May 16. Airport near park.
Registration r* $2.00 at the door. For further information
write W 0 N K X Plains, Kansas 67869.
Missouri- The Mid-West Missouri Hamfeit, vponvned bv
the P H D A R A inc., will be held at Bennett Park in Liberty,
Missouri on May 17, Registration is $1.SU which entitles the
holder to two sandwiches and a cold drink. Talk-in will be on
3.925 and 50.45 MHr. a-ixu More information from the club
at P.O. Box M , Liberty, Missouri 64068.
Nebraska- The Pine Ridge ARC will hold their 16th
annual Hamfest at Nebraska State Park 9 miles South of
New Y o r k - Ihc Rome RC presents the 17th Ham Family
Rome. Features include technical talks, roundtahle on VHF
repeaters, technical quiz p l » * other wntesU, MARS meeting,
mobile frequency checking and many other activities. The
N.Y, State M A R S Director will be there. Participants in the
popular tlea market are invited. An afternoon o f entertain*
mcnt for the ladies and children has been arranged. Registra-
tion will start at noon with that famous steak and chfckcn
dinner which will be served at 5:00 P.M. Advance adult
reservations $5,011; at the gate $5,50. Children under 12
52.00, under si* free, fr-ndyour iwrvsittona t o Rome Radio
Club, P.O. Box 721. Rome, N.Y, 13440.
N e w Y o r k - Rochester is the location for the 37th annual
Western New York Hamfest and V H F Conference the
weekend of May 16. Activities start Friday night followed by
a full day of technical programming with outstanding
speaker*, including Q S T * Bill Smith, K0CFR. Spocial activi-
ties include Navy MARS. A R E C and OCWA meetings, Y L
fashion show, code contests and huge flea market. Same
locution as last year: Bristol 50 Acres, Route 15 just South of
N.Y, Thruway, K u t 46. Advance registration and banquet
only $6.75. Unlimited regisuauon (includes entire Hamfest
exccpt dinner) only S2.75, Advance a l e closes May Send
check or request for information to Western New York
Hamfest, Box I 3KX, Rochester, N . Y . 14603.
O h i o - The Second Old Time Hamfest. sponsored by the
Indian Hilts KC will be held all day Sunday, May 10 at the
Slovenian Social Home, 20713 Rechcr AVe., iMulid, Otuo
from 10:00 A.M. till? Bullet dinner at 6:00 P.M. Bring yimr
tamily, bring your friends. Contests, swap and shop, refresh-
ments, and interesting speakers. Advance donation* $1,511, at
the door &2.00. Dinner reservation* by advance donations
only S 3.00.
O h i o - The Lancaster and Fairfield County ARC announ-
it'H their annual Hamfest is to be held this year at the
Lancaster Fair Grounds in Lancaster,Ohio, Sunday, May 31.
For additional information write Howard Schaefcr, The
1.nncaxtcr iirid Fairfield County ARC, P.O. Box 3, Lancaster,
Ohio 43130,
Pennsylvania- The 16th annual Breeze Shooters Hamfest
will beheld at White Swan Park near Pittsburgh on May 17.
This is the ^largest" amateur event in the Western Pennsyl-
vania ansa mi plan to attend. For additional details write J. I .
Burnett, K31XB, 608 Charlotte I>r„ Pittsburgh, Pa. 15236.
Pennsylvania- The 7th annudl Penn-Central Hamfest by
the Williarrutport and Milton clubs will be held Sunday, June
7, starting at 12:00 noon at the Union Township Volunteer
Fire Grounds uti Route 1.1, Win tie Id, Pcnna. informal, picnic
tlyle, snack bur handy or bring your own lunch - come and
go as you please. Auction, contests, swapping^ free parking,
with both indoor and outdoor facilities provided. S2.U0
registration at the gate. X Y L and children admitted Free, Fur
information contact Al Schramm, i l l K Mountain Ave.,
South WiMinmsport, IVnna. Telephone 717-323-5576.
Tennessee - The Humboldt A R C tiiJI hold its Annual
Hamfest Sundav, May 24 at the Humboldt Scoutland on
45W, North of Humboldt.
SWITCH
TO SAFETY!
69
 the Month
FCC FORMS AND PROCEDURES AMATEUR RADIO WEEK, MASSACHUSETTS
The Federal Communications Commission last The Hon, Francis W. Sargent, Governor of
Autumn began usinganew stock of Porms610» on Massachusetts, has proclaimed the week of June
bright yellow paper and dated April, 1969. Wash- 14-20,1970, as Amateur Radio Week, lie mentions
ington has now directed the field offices to destroy disaster communications, civil defense preparation*
their stocks uf earlier Forms 610 (on white paper) and development of the radio art in war and peace
and to issue only the new ones. If you or your club as contributions by amateurs.
have the earlier papers on hand they should be The "week" was sought by the Massachusetts
thrown out and new supplies requested from an Chapter, National Awards Hunters Club, Some of
FCC office. the activities being associated with the observance
The new form has a place on the reverse side for are listed with the Hastem Massachusetts report in
volunteer examiner* to certify results of a code test the "Station Activities" portion of this QST%
we learn that many applications are being The standard "week" this year, as listed in
returned because the examiner forgot to insert the Chase's Calendar of Annual Events, is June 21-27,
speed at which the code test was transmitted in the culminating in Field Day, Some banks, public
proper blank in the middle uf the paragraph. libraries and the like use Chase's Calendar as ad
ARRL form S-45, certification of volunteer idea source for window or lobby displays - a fine
examiner, is no longer needed, since the Form 610 idea for local clubs to utilize in their own
has a place for the same info. Accordingly, S-45 is public-relations programs.
no longer being furnished from headquarters.
Club and military recreation stations, inciden- W8 QSL BUREAU TO COLUMBUS
tally, now have a form of their own - Form 610-B,
Paul R» Hubbard, WA8CXY, of Zancsvilte, Ohio*
dated April, 1969 - which should be used for
has resigned as manager of the 8th District ARRL
original, renewed or modified licenses of group QSL Bureau after Five years service in the volunteer
stations. post. On hehatf of the 8th call area amateurs, Paul,
warm thanks!
I1AM STATION AT INTERNATIONAL MEETING The Columbus Amateur Radio Association took
An amateur radio station will be in operation over the QSL chores effective March 29, with cards
May 15-30, 1970 at the International Electro- and envelopes being transferred to the new group.
Technical Commission's 35th annual meeting* The The bureau requests that its "customers" use 5 * 8
station, to operate as a special events station under inch manila envelopes (e-g., ^HSO scarf envelope")
the call WF31EC, will be located in the Washington as the standard. The address is:
Hilton. Ed Redington, W4ZM, is in charge of the Columbus Amateur Radio Association
all-band operation on behalf of the Foundation for Radio Room
Amateur Radio, 2WO East Broad Street
Columbus, Ohio 4321 S
Do you have envelopes on file with your ARRL
QSL Bureau? Do these have your name and current
address, your current call, first-class postage? If
you're "portable," your envelopes still go to the
bureau appropriate to your call - for instance,
K8XYZ/1 still sends his envelopes to Columbus.
(The W1 bureau doesn't have pigeonholes for 8th
area calls!) Hvcn those who don't work much DX
can help the volunteers to help, by keeping at least
one envelope on hand to receive cards sent them,
whether earned or a mistake by another ham.
Backlogs of unclaimed cards are the bureaus' big
bugaboo! The U.S. and Canadian Bureaus are Usted
elsewhere in this issue.

After March showing of the ARRL filmr "Hams

Wide World" at the Communications Club of New
Rochelle, more than 26 potential amateurs saw and
heard club station K2YCJ In action. John Roberts,
VK1ZAR/W1, a club member, showed the 2*mater
position to visitors Darby Coleman and Susan
Braine. (Photo courtesy of Westchester-Rocklantt
Newspapers}

QST for
 Behind the Diamond
This month we'd like to present one or our
long-time staffers, Miss Charlotte A. Clark, who
handles our accounts payable and other chores in
the Accounting Department, and also serves as an
assistant to the treasurer of ARRLP
Charlotte came to Hq. in 1946, to operate new
accounting machines which had just been installed
to handle the League's postwar boom.
Though we're fortunate, enough to chat with
Charlotte for a few minutes nearly every day, it
took a number of interviews with close friends
outside the office for us to get a line on all her
interests. For instance, travel » she's been to
Havana, Cuba, toihe. Bahamas, California, Canada
and the nation's capitol on vacation trips. She likes
plays, opera and concerts, so travels to New York
City, Springfield, Massachusetts and the nearby
"straw hat*' circuit frequently, in addition to
taking in events at Hartford's Bushnell Memorial
Hall.
Then there's reading, with mystery stories a
favorite. And crossword puzzles. And cooking -
we're told that Charlotte turns out a terrific
meatloaf.
MORE ON ICC RULEMAKING
The Federal Communications Commission has
denied petitions for an extension of time to
comment on rulemaking proposals Hied in the
amateur and citizens radio services; petitioner is
George Nims Raybin, WA2GWB, who asked for an
extension to six months of the thirty-day period
immediately following submission of a petition to
FCC, in which other parties may comment.
Affirming what we said in our comments on
procedures in April QST, the FCC in its denial of
Raybin'x request said:
" . . .It may be noted also that our practice has
been to give consideration as informal comments
^ Strays^*
The Halo mar Radio Club has published a
"Radio Amateur Directory" of hams in San Diego
County, California. The Directory lists all area
amateur* by call and by last name. Copies are
$2,00 postpaid and may he ordered from Jim
Church, K6SLA, 627 Crescent Lane, Vista, CA
92083.
ARE YOV LICENSED?
• Vhon joining the league or renewing
your membership, it la important that
>ou show if you ht*t«* an amateur oper-.
ator Keens*. Please state. >uur rail
atid/or the e1a*» of operator license held,
that wc may verify your elassifiratioxu
May 1970
Number 24 of a Series
Sewing - a very pleasant tradition has devel-
oped. Whenever one of the Hq, girls gets married,
she can count on a handworked tablecloth and
napkins from "CAC" - somehow, always in the
right colors for tlie planned home.
Even stamps - Charlotte doesn't keep a collec-
tion herself, but one of her many friends does, so
during the mail-opening chore at Hq. out come the
scissors whenever one of those lovely Ceylon or
Uganda stamps appears!
to statements received after the 30-day period but
prior to Commission action,
"Our experience UIHU indicates that most inter-
ested persons in these services file comments after -
the Commission has taken action by issuing a
Notice of Proposed Rule Making, in order to
permit the widest possible participation by licen-
sees in the Amateur and Citizens Radio Services in
rule making proceedings affecting these services,
we plan, in future Notices of Proposed Rulemaking
in these services, generally to allow more than the
usual 30-day comment period. , . a 60-day com-
ment period would generally appear to be suf-
fieient *
COMING A.R.RX. CONVENTIONS
May 15-17 - Pacific/Southwestern Division,
Fresno, Calif,
June 13-14 - Rocky Mountain Division,
Estes Park, Colorado.
June 19-21 - Oregon State, Bend
July 4^5 - West Virginia State, Jackson
Mills,
July 18-19 - West Gulf Division, Orange,
Texas.
September 19-20 - Georgia State, Augusta.
September 25-27 - NATIONAL, Boston,
Mm
October 17-18 - Hudson Division,
Tarrytown, N,Y,
Oct.3l/Nov.t - Roanoke Division, Raleigh,
N.C.
71
 ews
INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR HAD 10 UNIOK THE GLOBAL FEDERATION OF NATIONAL NON-COM MKRCIAL AMATEUR
RADIO SOCIKTIU FOR THE PROMOTION AND CO-ORDINATION OF TWO-WAY AMATEUR RADIO COMMUNICATION

SPECIAL YEfVK 3rd PARTY AGREEMENTS FLASH - We've just received from the Radio
To facilitate the exchange of information about Sports Federation of the USSR a breakdown of
the amateur radio satellite Australia-Oscar 5, the new " U K " series of call signs now being used
Canada and Australia have concluded a temporary by Soviet club stations:
third-party agreement* Only traffic pertaining to Hfef
the satellite is permitted, and the agreement is in I'B'llW |, l'H.J*4AiAft L'lfmi.
force for the four months following AO-5's end of ii^flipnir*
1'K.II .CkftAJ_h.l.l l x
Y
life (March 8). A similar agreement is in effect •Mule kfttiia SMf l'i i
lift
mkuniift ^ K MR IK*
between the United States and Australia. 1 nvwi Vtp
fcUvBM M <'*7 •Jtf/ff.l
The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation M < J d i « « n KKIT HI I I l«R««
l<* MAR L^tfc* rhrtff -ir-i
l<1tfW»1B A K |iRfhlr|iY*
suggests that amateurs take advantage of these i'r*iirpj* Y i N lit* HfM IJ.V
A r n f M H Mm. I'lrfi I'kMf
special third-party provisions to forward reports of ^riNM SSK HIM IIMIIV.I
MJ l(ft%A|| 1 M J
reception of AustralisOscar 5 signals to Amsat or kMrtbattt
lartiatK tad Kf\ii I'MK
<•kW.ll
Project Australia (Reports jnay also be mailed to ddjlitshfi
*»{tu>
mft

Amsat, PO Box 27, Washington, D.C. 20044.) Bach l . 1 ^ WH l-H .M.M.M* /

person who reports reception of the AO-5 signals
will receive an attractive QSL.
NOTES
Although reported earlier by W1AW bulletin,
Canadian amateurs are notified that Thailand has
been removed from the banned list for VE£s» A
complete list of countries with which ILS- and
Canadian amateurs can not communicate appears
elsewhere in this column.
During the International Telecommunication
Union's CC1R (technical study group) meeting in
New Delhi during January, the Amateur Radio
Society of India hosted a reception for delegates.
Eighteen delegates attended — of which 14 were
radio amateurs. The photo shows from leftf
VU2NS, Ratio Society of Great Britain President
Saxton, CCIR Director H89AJ1 (standing) and
XYL, and VU2CK.
AC vtt 1MI*M IK it*ttfeftchaw |l« W* prim "I'M.'*
CONTESTS
A World Telecommunications Day Contest will
be sponsored by the Brazilian Ministry of Com-
munications. The contest period is, for cw: (JOOO
to 2400 GtfT, May 16, and for phone: 0000 to
2400 GMT, May 17. There is a required six-hour
rest period on both days. An exchange must
include a signal report and ITU zone number (for
U.S. stations, call areas 6 and 7 are ITU zone 06,5
and 0 are 07, and I, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 9 are 08). The
object is to contact as many zones as possible.
Contact points for exchanges with other countries
within your ITU zone count for one point, or two
points on 80 or 16U meters. Exchanges with other
ITU zones on your continent count 2 points on 10,
object is to contact as many zones as possible.
Contact points for exchanges with other countries
within your ITU zone count for one point, or two
points on 80 or 160 meters. Exchanges with other
ITU zones on your continent count 2 points on 10,
15 and 20 meters, 3 points on 40 meters, and 4
points on 80 and 160 meters. Exchanges with
other ITU *ones un other continents count 3
points un 10, 15, and 20 meters, 5 points on 40
meters and 6 points on 80 and 160 meters.
Multiply total zones by contact points for final
score. Logs should be postmarked before June 30,
and sent to: Mintsterio das Comunicacoes, Setor de
Radioamadorismo do Dented Rua Miguel Couto
J05-21° andar, Rio de Janeiro, ZC-26, Guambara,
Brasil
The Radio Sport Federation of the USSR
invites amateurs to participate in their 1970 "Peace
to the World" contest The contest period is from
2100 GMT, May % to 1500 GMT, May L0, using
phone in the 80, 40, 20, 15, and 10 meter bands.
Participants should call "CQ-M;" an exchange
consists of signal report and contact number

72 QSTios
(USSR stations will substitute a district number for
contact number). Each prefix worked counts as a IS VOURS ON FILE
multiplier. Contacts with other countries count 3
points - one point for contacts within your WITH YOUR QSLMGR
country. Logs must be mailed before May 25, to
the Radio Sports Federation, PO Box XX, Moscow.
USSR.
DX OPERATING NOTES
Reciprocal Operating
United States Reciprocal Operating Agreements
exist only with: Argentina, Australia, Austria,
Barbados, Belgium, Bolivia, Canada, Chile,
Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador HI Salvador, Finland, France,* Germany,
Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia,
Ireland, Israel, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Monaco,
Netherlands,* New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Sierra Leone,
Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, United
Kingdom,41 and Venezuela. Several other foreign
countries grant FCC licensees amateur radio opera-
ting privileges on a courtesy basis; write League
headquarters for details.
Canada has reciprocity with: Bermuda, France,
Germany, Israel, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Nicaragua, Norway, Senegal, Switzerland, United
Kingdom, U.S. and Venezuela.
Third-Party Restrictions
Messages and other communications - and then
only if not important enough to justify use of the
regular international communications facilities -
may he handled by U,S. radio amateurs on behalf
of third parties only with amateurs in the following
countries: Argentina, Barbados (only ILS, sta-
tions/SP) Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile. Colombia,
Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
El Salvador, Greenland (XP calls only), Haiti,
Honduras. Israel, Liberia, Mexico, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela.
Permissible prefixes: CE CM CO CP CX EL HC HH
HI HK HP HR LU OA PY T1 VE VO W or K/8P
XE XP YN YS YV Z? 4X and 4Z. Canadian bams
may handle these same type third-party messages
with amateur in Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, El
Salvador, Honduras, Israel, Mexico, Peru, U.S. and
Venezuela, Permissible prefixes are: CE CP HR K
OA Tl W XE YS YV and 4Z.
DX Restrictions
U.S. amateur licensees are warned that interna-
tional communications are limited by the following
notifications of foreign countries made to the ITU
under the provisions in Article 41 of the Geneva
(1959) conference.
Cambodia and Vietnam forbid radio communi-
cations between their amateur stations and such of
other countries, U.S. amateurs should not work
XV XV or 3W8, Canadian amateurs may not
communicate with Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and
Jordan. Prefixes to be avoided by Canadians are JY
XU XV XW8 and 3W8. fw^l
(* Agreement includes overseas entities;)
May 1970
A. R. R, L QSL Bureau
The function of the ARRL QSL Bureau is to facilitate
delivery to amateurs in the United States, rts poaswtftaitt find
Canada. or those QSL cards which arrive from amateur stations
in other parts of the world* All you have to do h tend yoor QSL
munasrr (nee lint hetowj a «tamped, self-addressed envelope,
about 4% by HYs inch™ In size. with your name and addrw* in
the usual place on the front of the envelnpe and your call
printed In capital Irtter* in the upper left-hand corner.
Cdrdi forttaflontin the United State* at id Canada nhould be
sent to the proper call area bureau tilted below. Recent change*
are in bold face. 1
WLKl.WAl.WNl - Hampden Tounty Radio Association* Box
21b* forest Park Station, Springfield, Matt. 0110R.
W2.K2»WA2,WB2,WN? - Nnrth Jersey HX Asut., PO Bnjr *flS(
Ridflrwod, New Jersey 07451.
W3,K3,WAJ.WN3 - Jem Rleberman, W3KT. RD l« Valley Hill
Rd., Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355.
W4,K4 - H. L. Fan-fell, K4HXF. KFD 5, Box 804, Hlckiiry,
North Otfollna 13601.
WA4,WB4*WN41 - J. K. Baker, W4LK, 1402 Orange St.,
Melbourne Beach,ttorids32951.
WS.KS.WAfi.WNf -Kenneth (•'. Ubell, WSQMJf, 30* Keatcrfield
Blvd.,fcnid.Oklahoma 73701
Wti,K*,WAo.WB6*WN6l - No. California OX Club* Box 1Lo*
Altos, California 94022.
W? f K^WA7,WN7 - WHIIainette VBtley UX Club, Inc.. PO Box
555, Portland. Ore^cm 97207.
WRlK8,WAg,WN8i Columbus Am tear Radio Aaoc. Radio
Room, 280 Broad St., Coin mhos, Ohfo, 43215
W9tK9tWA9tWN4 - Ray P. Birren, W9MK, Bo» 519, Klmhunt,
rmnnU AlHJft,
- Ihw Moines Radio Amateur Association,
PO Bnx 88, l>« Moines* Ipwa.
KP4 - Alicia KodfitlWZ, KP4CL, PO Bnn hlftl, $Hn Juan* P.R-
00911?,
KZS - Gloria M. spears, K25<iS, Box 407, Balboa, Canal Zone,
KH6*WH6 - John H, Oka, KH6DQ, PO Box Jul, Atea, Oahu,
Hawaii 967o t.
KL7.WL7 - Alaska QSL Bureau, Star Route C. Wasitra. Alaska
Vt l - L. J. leader, Vk\Kg, PO Box 663. Halifax, N-S.
Vt2 - John Ravenscroft, VF-2NV, lhorncrext Ate.,
Montreal 780, Ouebec.
VK3 - R. H. Buckley. VK3UW, 20 Almont Road, Iwwnview,
Ontario
Vt4 - D*fc.McVittic, VL4UX., 647 Academy Ruad, Winnipeg
Manitoba.
VKS A- Uoyd Jones. VK5JI. 2MB Grant Kd^ Keglna,
Saskatchewan.
VE6 - Karri Tettelaar, V£*AAV\ Sub. PO 55. N. Edmonton.
AJherta.
VK? - H. R, HoUfh, VE7HK* 12^1 Simon Road, Vlcturia.
British Columbia.
Vb'S - (iervrge T. Kondo, VF« ARK I. QSL Bureau
Hepartment of Transport, Norman Welts, N.W.T.
VOI - brneit Ash, VOVAA, K) Box St* Juhn*
Newfoundland.
V02 - Goose Bay Amateur Radio Ctuh, PO Him 211. Gooae
Buy, Lahradnr-
SWL - Lerov Wait®. 29 Hannum St.* Ballston Spa, New York
\2020.
t These bureaus prefer * V inch t*r t-M> mumta envelop ft.
OSL Hureaws for other U.S.Possessions and for other rmmtrica
appeared on page S?, Herember QSTt ^tnd will he repeated
in the June issue.
The Fort Office Department promises foster mail
aarrice with the Zip codes. Use yoon when you write
Headquarter*. Use ours, too. It's 06111.
73
 Correspondence
From Members-
111* publisher* of Q$T umuhv* no mpOOMibllltr For «UC«mfRCf made borna by correipondrnti*

C6T DELIVERY publications dispatched and if any time is left on

• , . Have you ever contacted the Post Office his tour. These facts were ascertained after many
l*epartntent regarding this regular delay of calls and inquiries and has be*rn a result of many
From the content of your letters I don't believe years of frustration over the fact amateurs in east
you have ever done anything in attempting a Tennessee and other states west of here received
dilution to this.. It would appear that you don't their copy before ours was delivered. Many ama-
have the necessary initiative to generate a solution teurs have been wondering who was at fault for the
and then to either order the change to ru into inconsistencies of QST arrivals and now at long last
cffect or to pass the informutton un to the I have determined the reasons. - Dave Goggto,
directors for their consideration, Because the ser- W4QGG, Memphis 7 W.
vice in the Post Office is getting worse is no reasun • On March y I contacted the local postmaster
for you to let QST&t in the same rut- They are at concerning failure to receive the March issue of
least trying to Improve but you are in a rut and QST. He aaid his problem was lack of personnel to
doing the same thing as you have Mfor years and handle the flood of non-first-class mail, and that as
years and years" and not getting better. Ralph R a practical matter the monthly magazines are
Lincoln. W7FJSE; Walter Mllewski, W70DQ; Kirk*
lumped together with all uf the "junk" mail
land. WA.
("occupant/' etc.) and are at the bottom of the
• In two years i do not recall even une totem pole as far as delivery is concerned. . On
instance of delivery prior tn the tixth uf the March I J, J received the issue. I spoke again with
month1, delivery has seldom been as late as that for the postmaster, who admitted that the magazine
the current month - 10 March. . My local Pont had been lying around the post office undelivered
Office was contacted on 6 March* As of that date on account uf lack of personnel. - /Name with-
the current Issue of QST had not been received. On heldf.
1A March I received a report from the local Post • May 1 make a yuggestionV Try putting
Office that the magazine had that date been "Season^ Greetings" on the November issue, 1970,
received; my copy wan delivered the same day. , f - Charles R. Westrich, Jr.. Canton OIL
have no doubt that delay in delivery uf QST
magazines, addressed to Poway subscribers, occurs I DE HOAX
at mime point or points between the place of
mailing and this community. ftex Jule% HMO* • At least one of the reports of long-delayed
QAY, Poway CA. echoes listed in Table 1 ("A Long-Delayed Echo"
in February QST} Is known to me as a hoax, and
• P u b l i c a t i o n s leaving Concord [New after this "joke" was perpetrated, it was well
Hampshire I for the west coast would be handled as publicized in the area. Evidently the operator of
follows: the station supposedly hearing echoes of his own
Tn Los Angeles transmission was never let in on the true source.
In a piggyback trader for tif. Louis vra Boston & t am inclined to think that delays of several
Maine. Delaware & Hudson, Erie! and Norfolk & seconds, allowing for transmissions of several
Western RR*. Trailer leaving Concord Monday words or complete call-tips or sign-offs, are hoaxes.
would arrive St. Louis Thursday. Mail is transferred Where the original transmission has a repeat over-
there to a Los Angeles piggyback trailer leaving lap* there i& little chance for a hoax - unless the
Friday via the Cotton Belt and Southern Pacific hoaxer has an uncanny facility to guess what b
arriving Los Angeles Sunday. coming. - Eugene A. HubbelL W7DL Svottsdale
To San Francisco A&
In a star route trailer to Boston P,O.Truck Ter-
minal where it is loaded into a piggyback trailer for • , , W7DI has given me the name of the man
Omaha leaving Tuesday via Penn Central and Rock hoaxed; I have reread the file, and believe it or not«
Island KKs. At Omaha mail is transferred to a San the fact of the individuates having been hoaxed
Francisco piggyback trailer leaving Thursday via stands out loud and clear, although it escaped me
Union Pacific and Southern Pacific arriving Nan completely at the time the Table was prepared.
Francisco Friday. - A. A. Strautf Director, Logis- I hope you will publish W70P« letter, since it
tics Division, Post Office Dept., Boston MA. may well have the effect of stimulating others to
I EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the letter, mentioned In report similar hoaxes which are known. Such
last mouth's editorial, which took four days to reports couldn't be more valuable to our study; In
travel the 75 miles to Concord, N.H.] this way not only is the total "signal" enhanced by
removal of "noise/* hut also our ability to recog-
• , . For the benefit of all League members I nize this type of "noise" In the future is improved,
request they be informed QST is not given second - Oswald a ViUard, Jr., W6QYT, Stanford Elec
class preferential treatment as Ufe* Lank* 'Time, tmniex Stanford CA.
etc. and the large ones such as Reader's Digest and
Playboy. Since QST arrives at each port office in
TE1E NEW LOOK
small quantities (approximately 2qq for Memphis) • Your March issue just to hand and the "new
it is worked along with junk mad circulars when J<x?k" is very good. I have no complaints as long as
the distribution clerk has all the preferential the computer does not hiccup and make the kind

74 QST for
of errors our local newspapers are prone to do, hi!
- S. L ComacK VE3EV, Ottawa, Ont.
[EDITOR'S NOTE; 'Ftaid w* did hiccup a couple
of times In the April issue as we learn the ropes, |
•
udlH u $ T J n b « b e V * o d « l ° * ' *«d4ble noW
414 U V E
swLtC**) to I B M a i ^ ^ '
4,
- Afaff" Oresko virtu WN2JT.F, Buffalo NY.
• 1 like the clean style and easy reading of the
type face you are using in QST. Theodore Af.
Hannah, K3CUL Silver Spring MD.
• Arc my eye* going bail or Is the print smaller
in QST* It seems that I'm having a bit or trouble
reading it. - Anthony J. Siva* W2FJ, Bordentown
NJ;
• Congratulations on the new style of type in
QST. It Is much easier to read, particularly the
"How*s \)X" column, [flame withheld/
I EDITORS MOTE: Gulp! "HowV* Is the one
department we haven't changed yet I]
• The body matter type is easier nn the eyes
than used formerly although 1 note some pages are
still Jn the type formerly weed throughout.
Using 8-point News Gothic (leaded) on your
captions (page 53, for example) was an unwise
move. It is much more readable to use 8-point
Kutura medium type as you have, for example, on
page 45.
These comments come to you from a printer
who retired in 1969 after 46 years in the trade, -
Herbert G. Clark, K1CBV+ Cromwell CT:
rEDITOR'S NOTE; Aeree. Hope you find current
captions an improvement,]
AUSTRALIS-OSCAR. 5
• Many thanks to Amsat for providing me,
through W1AW, with excellent A-OS orbit predic-
tions. It would not have been possible for me to
track the satellite HO easily without this infor-
mation. - John Reno, W1VTU, Waterbury CT1
• The WlAW running account prior to and
during the launch of Oscar S was a tremendous
feat! Let me thank AKRL for ail the services
rendered in connection with A-OS, 1 have found
the additional transmissions very useful, especially
the 1900 GMT transmission, and of course the cw
bulletins, - Joseph Zelle, W8FAZ, Cleveland OH.
K7UGA QSO
• I was fortunate to obtain the ARRL film,
"The Ham's Wide World/ 1 for showing to the boys
at the Phelps School in Malvern, Pa., where I teach
chemistry. In order to increase the boys* interest, 1
made arrangements with Senator Gnldwater to
have u sked on the air. It was a tremendous success.
It kept most of our students sitting on the edges of
their seats, as well as many of our faculty
members.
Sincere appreciation to all those amateurs who
were listening but who never once tried to break in
td the QSO or Interfere with the event. Barry was
operating from W3USS in the Senate Building ft
Washington, Two of our students - Marv, WN8-
GAY, and Gordon, WN30FS - had just received
their licenses nnd were on the air for their first
QSOs. - Bill Melcher. WA3AFU Malvern PA.
May 1970
MISCELLANY
• My receiver is not the best as far as dial
accuracy is concerned, but I never have a problem
finding WlAW for code practice. It is the spot on
the dial where all the lids tune up, test, call CQ and
carry on QSOs. Funny thing, though - after
WT AW shuts down, the crud suddenly ceases too.
- M. Hiznay, K2RST, Vestal NY.
[EDITOR'S NOTE; 8ur>h wise guys think they're
harming ARRL by such tactics, when in reality
they're only doing a disservice to fellow hams.I
• Congratulations on the scries, "Let's Talk
Transistors/' The subject is handled in depth -
starts from the most elementary and brings the
reader along slowly but surely until complete
comprehension is attained. You should have a
scries like this in operation at all times. It makes
QST a meaningful publication to one who has nn
interest in construction, - Stanley Schaffcr.
WB2QQX, Scarsdate NY.
• While browsing through some 1932 and
1933 copies of QST I was amused to note the
similarity in letters pertaining to new regulations in
the offing to those now being written in connec-.
tion with Incentive licensing. What a hardship the
change to crystal control would entail on many of
the hams: no more 1- loop modulation," etc. But it
all helped, as we now can see. - AI Cutting
W7JJY, Moscow ID.
• Ts it possible to call a six month moratorium
on all letters from us amateurs arid other wordy
persons about incentive licensing? 1 am damn sick
of seeing letters fin this subject and think a period
uf absence of such communications would be
welcome to most of us. 1 celebrate my 50th year
this next month and am just thnnkfUl the League
has been in existence all these years. If it hadn't
been, I'm sure I wouldn't he either. - Charles E.
Gardiner„ W2TB. Bayside NY.
• There is a new division of the 75-meter
phone band in these parts as follows;
3&00-387S * Green Acres
382 5-3900 - Geritol Acres
3900-4000 - Belly Acres
If the complainers would spend one-half the
amount of complaining time on some study they
could all be Advanced or Extra*. — Paul D. Carufei.
W0PQW, Detroit l^akes. MN,
• lust a few words of praise for that truly
great book, the new 1970 Handbook. Its authors
arid editors have outdone themselves: they have
provided a book that is practical and informative,
yet really interesting also. . Perhaps my increased
ability in electronics (as stimulated by incentive
licensing) has merely opened my eyes to this
standard of quality which existed all along. - Joe
MaUoy, WB2RBA, Binghamton NY.
• Sometimes it is easy to get the idea that the
opposition Is large because of all the noise a few
hig mouths can make. I suppose in time the griping
and complaining will subside. But that faction
neems to he having a good time mouthing off here
and there on the ham bands, showing everyone
how lazy they are. If they had it their way, the
ham bands would become just another citizen^
band and in time cease to exist. They don't realize
that we need a strong oiganization, influential in
the right places, with members that at least give the
impression of having some technical knowledge.
Marty Trout K3UBS, Ridley Park PA.
75
Christmas City U.S.A.
BY NORM ZOLTACK, *WA3FGS
O CO, de WX3MAS, Christmas City U.S.
Gcalling." WfcE^t'-Lft-t1*^*^ -I-**• • r H * ' - 7 . « » {
"QRZ the station calling CQ, - was that
WX3MAS? . . . Did I hear right, WX3? . , . What is 3 s&eason* Greeting*
your country OM? . . . I never heard a WX3 before!
s .^."iciilchvui. tV.qmi^iiij
. . . Are they up to WX3 in that call area already?.
These are some of the comments received at s
WX3MAS, a special station set up by the IJela-
ware-Lehigh Amateur Radio Club, W30K. In Deo I
ft
WX3MAS
ember 1968, W9FG asked for my QSL postmarked
December 25th from the Christmas City - Uethle- s»
hem, Pa, A thought: maybe our club could get a V?
special call for Christmas, 1969. Besides, we J
It 1 O/
needed something to spark club interest - <&nd all
Mi<
, 1
1
' H tll< .

I N t f e r O N S e 1 0 MANY M t t M R TH* 0 1 M t 4 N P THf 1frUMSttS f i lUMMtftft

of a sudden the clubhouse was a beehive of activity K A V t W T W t t O X i K e t m f f t l ^ t t I M S J P f C f A l < A l AND ALSO I O O f l t N D O t l

with antenna projects, OSL cards, and committee r * t t W G > I K O M K I M i f f M . I M ( ? l l » 4 U T W N , WJOIf W A S t M U K M ( H i *

r « M T A N P O P E W 9 i Y JMUMBS Of 1 TH* H A f t C .
meetings. After a few false starts, FCC issued the
special call WX3MAS for the last two weeks of
December.
Did you get yours?
On December 15th at 12:01 the first call was
tapped out on cw. From then until the last QSO at
11:58 on January I, 20 members logged 7,186
QSOs in all 50 states and 102 countries around the
world. They also logged lots of sore throats, tired
fists, tned ops, and plenty of fun* Not too bad a
performance, either, considering lost time on
account of the heavy ice storm which made the
clubhouse inaccessible and tore down the antennae
Along with that went Christinas shopping, tree
decorating, and playing Santa for the family.
It's all over now but theQShing, (QSLs should
be sent to WX3MAS, 1719 Callone Ave., Bethle-
hem, PA 1BU17.) Needless to bay, we think our
operation was a tremendous success mostly due to
the issuing the special call, Bethlehem Chamber of
Commerce, WlAW bulletin announcing the opera-
tion, and, of course, all the gang that called uk
during the fifteen days of operation. Are we going W X 3 M A S Committee completing the scoreboard
to do it next year? Just QRX! - WA3FGS* on our final night. Prom left: WA3FGS, W A 3 C X M ,
+ 2048 11th St*. Bethlehem, Pa. 18017, WA3GUL.

Left to right: WA3FGS, K 3 M A Z , WA3GUI opera- Norm, Rich, Al and Bob starting in on mail for one
ting the club station. dayl

76 QST for
 Hows DX?
CONDUCTED B Y ROD N E W H R K . * W9BRD
Whew!
f beheld the welch — th* mbtrabU
monitvr whom I had created,
— F R A M JTFFIKBTTTK
Our 19th annual May meeting of the DX Hog-
gery 4: Poetry Depreciation Society commenced
iu the customary unruly faahion. Tun much
Old Haywire, too many rafter-rumbling bare of
our IVouff Hong Song and —- what was that
strange background murmur, the beepings, the
clicking^ the whirring^ and humming? Anyway,
chairmaa Noyes E„ Tester at last fcayelud the
throng to order or a semblance thereof. Hugh 11,
deBraekefr* opened the detestable program with
Hay* fnmblefjst Hpaceleu O ' K e y
Who Nendn like a kook on a spree,
"tfure, 1 vnumi l i k e * lid
Or a drunk i n a tkid.
But it'll really my keyer, nut me/1
Those btrange noises became stronger and mure
distinct, like the beepiiifp of staccato sequence
signals, the elickety-clack of 800-w.p.m. readout*
and the whir of magnetic atorage diski*. Neverthe-
less Alvis Vappen next contributed
Splaahy-voiced Jioomboom Mocltaiae,
When told that his gain'* out of line.
Is prompt to roply,
" I f ' 8 ' i t too high
Then wliy i* i t numbered to *MT'
The audience grew apprehensive, noting an
increased tempo in the mysterious vibrations
and, flashing through the dim reaches of Long
Hall, the multicolored lightnings of overload
indicators. Undaunted, Vada Nofflesig offered
Said big gun McSlaughter von Klout
When. tampling tbo Q R P route,
"111 knock it down lots,
T>own TO MX) WTLTTAI. . . .
Atnaxing — I'm still setting out!"
In a twinkling we were horrified to sue a burly
chromed computer take over the rostrum aa
"7662-B We#t Lawrtwce A m / C l i i c a g o , 111. tiOtiw!
Market reef, Baltic sea playground of OJjfr MR M l and future DXpedltions by Finnish DXers, is your " H c w V Q I H
of the Month, Landings can be treacherous but the islet's lighthouse offers comfortable hamming quarters.
meeting chairman, dispatching Tester iu a puff
of purple smoke. And our friendly sergeanta-ut-
arms were suddenly replaced by muscular com-
puter terminals trailing thick gray atiakelike
cables. These terrifying machines, growing in
number as we watched, slithered and poked
about on huge transceiverlike feet. Otto Signr
right fearfully yelped
That out-time D X buff A. Shmear
Disported the menstoit sear.
He grabbed ills B-plun
And made no more fues —
(Any iaat tine will do here.)
Awakened to our danger we ail seized axes
and hatchettf (brought for the postbusiness
portion of the meeting) to battle the Invaders.
Massive ejections of poisonous programming
tapes engulfed us as we frantically hacked away.
Failing even to dent their armor we were brutal-
ized by laser readout beams, magnetotuxic
matrices and radio-active semiconductor chips.
The thing that miraculously saved us, finally,
was one of those inexplicable blackouts that
abruptly blanketed the region in merciful black-
ness. Providence! perhaps — they say a house-
wife triggered it by turning on an extra air con-
ditioner in rural Vermont. By the time power
was restored we had smashed our tormentors
to harmless smithereens. But next time. . . .
What:
That early March ionospheric Hopperoo * u » ruiming
dilly, t'li? You m ' m M it? Don't fcpl bad, lnon* (touting up.
Yitt viiLKuuanta hfri an auroral bull, though, in kccpLn*
with radio's traditional U's-an-ill-wind syndrume. A l l hf
band* suffered a severe ahakcuiit but recovered rapidly,
Tbi> month we'll roil your "Wow'*" Bandwaguu dontn the
3d-AlIIi. trail. Ten* been doing tremenduu* D X b n a i n w
and w ' l l hate to It start sagging. In the D X bird*
watohere* gaiette to follow " H 8 5 A B D ' 2" meana that
1IH6ABU HOB noted active nr-ar 28,U4« k i l l at 0200 or no
Greenwich Mean Timo. Giddap, PqsHfcUB* . . «
i n <3W fiiafc oft. reported by WB l l J T Y 3 H N K 3JZJ/5
4 Y O K S V u R . Kb 3 C O I 4 T W J fiMHQ/O, WAs
1FHU UKjC 2BOT 2 B H J SlYWH SCiVP ttfeklV » P X T ,
WBfl 2DZZ 4Kl a J 4KZG and old faithful I1HJH (via W3-
AHK) plus the eltiba praut: CEB 3ZK 15, 8 A A (24) 17-18,
 T A I s HY (standing) and IB, shown in the letter's station,
stanchly help represent Turkey on DX bands. More 1A
nationals would Join the fun, they say, if radio equipment
and components were mare available over there.
(Photo via W 5 Q P X |

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SPk (ami 2 A K O ^ A U « B H G 4 D » 1 HA^D 8 A H Y
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13. UP6» B O 12, CQ 1>Z \42) 12-14, UHJfe A B
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F4. UMfti A B B (201 12, A R K (OB) 13, U N 1 B K <4UI 13.
U O S A P (7) 14. U P * 1£K KBC* 14. txJ VZt CKi <30> 14, P X
14, P Y a m lft. K A X (4»i 13, P I <35) U ,
IXR2M A O (4A) 13, I O 181) 13, UJ) (2U) IK, irVt* O L 12,
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U-14, 9 F Z T24) 22-23, VICa (mil
S A P 2KO 2 V N 3V<t 3 X B 4 M Y 5 D S 7GK (42)
\Pu JGLiE (45) 1U-2II. 2 G T L (461 18-10. 2 K H 2 M K (38)

DL6UH/m bat worked nearly 2 0 0 countries and all United

States but Utah with this mobile outfit. Erich is particularly
proud of a homespun remotely-tuned antenna coupler
(resonated by simply whistling into the mike) that keeps
his whip's efficiency high enough for Q S O s with every
continent on 8 0 meters. (Photos via W A 4 0 Q 0 )

78 O^rfor
IPOY" TPLB 1KYA iWSA IWVK 1WWN 2AVM 2CLI
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21, 6AAY 11, 6AQV, KHfci CiMP (520) VI, IJ (5»*) 1»,
Ktt (04U) IV, KJbBK, KL7* DTK U. (iJM GPV
(550), JI>0 B KP4* AHT 16, BBN (flOOj I8 f CQB (ftSO> 17.
DOR (555) 17, DI£X 17, lLRtis AQ Id, DZ Ha 11, £ 3
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OD5* BZ 14. HP (54Qj 14, F B (5Ufii 14. Ofclfc Pith R J
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UK* JliM 2KKN <580} 15, HUN, ON* 4FJ 4HA 4 0 R 4UN
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16, Auto HBO MDQ PWO riPR U U , P J s 1AA XX? (5H8)
2 3 . 2 H R (680> 16, 2PS ttf40>, 7JC 9UL (WOK 9CiF 15.
P i s 1DAQ 2AGM 2PV BUS, Russian RAa iAET (583) 14,
3AAJ (455) 13, 3 A W W-1BK 9CBW (587) J1-12, S K f e
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btiZB 7DKI/1 tfBYG SP7HX, SU1MA (598) 12,
TPs 2VVLW aitri (840) in, T J I A U (55H1 13, TR8MC (585)
17, TVttATK (520) 20. UA* 1WJA (720) 14p 2KA\Y <517)
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5KAD (745) 14, BJAJ (523) 13, IK15WAJ) 11, UP2b KK
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[JWi J B J /760) l« t »UO 91)25, UY8HB, VEto G n YM,
VK* 1CU) (520) 0^1, 2APK 2AYT 2AXB 2BSVV 2FU 2 0 K
2WC 3MJ 3 0 B 3QV » X B 4DA 4RU 4VX 5NW OJK BhfM
8RU 8i£K 9 B B (000) 12, 9LB (65UI O, 9RY (575) 10-11.
VPte JAG 2AL 2I)AN 2<iBL ((MK) KtIjK 2KR 2LX
(5IO> 12, iMVV (540) 20, JM V (595) 20, 2V1 T6201 I&-2U,
2V.I (598) 14, 8ilZ (575> 18, 8 K b (650> 15, 8KL (5»U1 18,
YQ8a CV (560) 16.CW (545) 13, YRls L O, VSbit AA 9^10,
Ali 1>H (5B0) 0, VU2a UK (625) 16, OLK (800) 15, X£b
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PCDRC (535) 13, YNb (and llTn) 1UBA1 (600) 14, UJN
UJB, YOB 2 B B 21B 4AKA (700) 15, tfVI (t»0> 16, YS1XKK
(600), YUb (and YTii IAU 1BCJ) 2KBI 2RBO 3BY
(WX)l 18, SOY (640) 15, YYa ION (505) 15, 3AC (400)
18-17, 5AGM 5CDK, ZC4AK (530) 13, ZDs 3K 5B (&60)
18, 5R (613) J 6-19, ZIm I B P 1GB (515) 1U-2U, H?V a. IA
3JU 4JtJ tfJY (551)1 21 )t Z F l i J F (57G> 15. Of.: (547) 21,
ZLm Uud ZMji) IJ)H IBSfi 2 A Hi 2 KM 2RC 3AB 3FO
3LK 3UY, /.PBAC (585) 18, ZSs 1FH 3 0 3LU 15-Ltt,
3 T (621) 18, 3 Y K (535) 17, 4RA1 (358) 17, OPK 5QU ftrPL
6ACK 6 B B ttBDO 6BLR 6BU ttliK W>Y,3V8AIj (A20) 11,
4S7PB 15681 11, 4U11TV ffi4fl) 17, 4X41X (585) 14,
4Z4BG (620) 13, Mife KJ (593) 8. LV (500) 20, 5N2» ABG
(750) 16, ABU (570) 22-23, 5R8A 8 (650) 15*36, ATS AI >
17, 5U7AI C640) 12, 5Z4B L8 (575) HI, L\\\ 6W8a BJ
18, DY (600) 6Y5« AM (340) 1>W, 7P8AB (550) Il»k
7Q7kGK (5501, .K 4 (585) 17, 8QAYL (597) 12.SR1U (510)
20, 9H1B B L 8, 1>X 16, 9 J i » DT (495) 13, RQ (55ft) 18,
XZ <530) 18. 9L1UP (HC)0), 9NIRA (562) H, 9Qt« KB
(tkH» iy> GV (DOU) K, 9Y18 PB >)Y4k AA (589) 17 Hud
vn\ The voi>p npn^an to be rurniinr ruuichl>*
20 ppr i^pnt. CRrruT a-oi t uioat of tbiB avtiintv in the 28,700-
Uix rogioD or below the Y&nk aubbant? edge.
t * *
ERRABOUTS — Five-Band D X C^ntTiry L'lub room-
H bcrvhip ia uovt tho objective of YV4e HA »nd CjCJ,
popular OKl-XYL DX' rluo Hntvti ton MaUn \vjvv. Niok
l»nd Mary, linth SOO-ontmtry t.ypm, t^U W1CW thai
Gurihhwiri»ifc)iithewt. path* aro toujrhc*t . ^ . ,
"finally found ray way book home to North rijmuiime
after uli'vua years of ^andenng aad a four-year Air Force
hitch/' writef WB4EPJ/2. a 10-ow upPcialiAt, ni^ncd
KL7KIR and WA2HfcR/3\V'8/XV5/Ha while Pjam)&K
, IV2ADP fonmrdft a aew^ctip about BGNt*, a
promi4iRff caniwr-rt'tanlinif (irug. Ed'fl having boisip QKP
fun whiJeftivin><hiB final a going-over WAlPHU
had to for tiPighhnrhnM roinforcemente to help kot'P
hi* tniilMhatui vertinal aloft during winter gale*. This i>aid
ntT for Lad u ifch OOO-plim 6B-HXCC (jSOs and now Iih'h ati
ardent mail watcher (although at Uiib whtlnjj then* 1*u*t
EAueh mail to watch) , - , _ ... "With my location 1 fear
r>B-I)Xt:C IK far away/' regret* WttEAY, No wondor
i*JHc emifcmplates &cgiurini( a t»?n-at;re pint in Wntirra
county, a few lmndrcvl poumlBof copper and «uine telephonp
pules, Thone "eauy1* ?iuropean cunnlri«a are rough on 80
and 40 from Suland VE.MG HC8G8 is
May 1970
frequently foimd \TorVinic hiB own DX uear 14,130 kHi
when nf»t br^diitK W/K/VEb aruund 14,220 or 14,»U0
. _ iVotinR Uiat computers now are called npon
to supplv a»trolofifxeai analy««H* WAJDJC wonder* when
the iuctt&ct Bciuoue of 1>X propagation will be similarly
ayruaoopel - K2KIR exhort* the readership to
rvjmp up with more "Where" and "Wbcnou" data, lew of
the "ttliat" varinty, and K5MAT w uuld like to tfe* nomo*
body push for a UX c^mtwt in which ff/K particLpantB
ouuid work only I'XCC countTiee thev need
W6ROG collected title aa Northern California DX c:iub'«
DXcr of the i ear, OKJb AUij NR and tfYlNR qualified
for NCDXC'a California Award. No*. 160, Let and 162.
In thft clubV monthly DX*<- VVA6IVN expraces ncuicem
over the Btrnnifthening trend toward mtdtioperated contest
9tationa and bJic oonaei^u-ut <lryinft vp of individual effort*.
How dn yov itY
DM2APG collect* DX on 10 through 80 maters with a
homemade 50-watter, Martin is a popular author of
technical books for youthful East German readers,
V h e n c e s
UROPE —The UX Vkortd'i ey«« and beam* now point
E tonard Albania when* 1)07FT and colleagues uakti
theiT annual effort to activate one of the game's most
»iiimivp I >XOC targets * ^ . _ . Collectors can aait away
exhibition Htation at the* bsa Bedfordshin Boy
Soout Rally on the loth oE this mouthp by watching 14,035,
14,325, 1*1,025, 21 <325, 28,035 and 2¥.535 kHs after 0W0
(iMT W0BWJ/DL made QSOb on six bands
from Bavaria, "Mv nnuaual call created pil^-up* on 40 and
80. The csperienc*' af wurkma from the uthes aide wan quite
^lightening." Cnvl particularly pnjoyed eyiiballina with
DL7BA and friends "Pm a Southern Bsptiat
mimionary and have atTve<i here wince IWA." records
IfBSAOi (WftQWKi, 41 After waiting nut iuiSiJementation
rmipmeal lio^nninic I w>t niy ticket just in time for
the AKRli UX Te^t. Though ruy score mil not win honors
I'm enjoying the chance to gira points the Htateside
nana-" A'hw^W^ rpports that W2QKHV
n ^ i t QHO with (IMaFKV/a in KinTnim finally fulfilled
Knwy's atnbitinn to ^ork all United Kingdom, counties
. The GB3BX beacon on 28,185 k i l l remains a
reliable conditions indicator on ten meters,
|~\CEANIA — "< ireefcin(?s from sttnny RaroUinga/' writes
1 7 2K1BX, ' T m very keen to &nt on the air, but h*dng
a family man with a wife and five children i iind this im-
pouihlp at the ittoinrnt on iny own reroute**/' Anyone
with irnamlni apparatus nan reach Norm n a the address
in "WhPrp", VK31C bean that 2K1AJ, outfitted by XH6-
<1LU and associates, joay be hittina Manihtki about now
with Toketau in prohp^ct "FU bi> operatlntc from
Guam for thn a ^ t \H months," announce* Km6A8P. Gary
iJisptayHa MosWtribandcrand 5MK-I1 WiPAN
otmUm* t.hat YK0LB <iepartci Norfolk for C!alifomia in
mid-March K1I6BZF, ARRf/s Hawaii HCM,
was rftcently v:«itisi hy winds that grabbed
part nf ti«p*s roof and wiped out a six-lwuid antenna Carta
with it K40CE. OR1MW, lilAiUU, Y V I U atul
ZM1TZ were continental leaders in Pfeoitit I ' X Net's
January Q&O party, K5AAY, WfKiRV. WAs 7FFB 8Q1Y
and K8PAIZ also niw»rrrl wpJI from Htatcnide.
ASIA —HB1 ABO reports Thailanders readily available
/ \ in thr Southeast Asia Net, kHs at 1200 <4MT»
l*l >o not break in. Walt for 4N7PB to call tha In-
teract is stirrinic here on 75 meters and HS5ABD uses 80
and ItiU. I mn a Galaxy Y, HOIfl and tribami nuad.
79

FG7TG nMds but another state or two to odd WAS to
DXCC and WAG trophies, Glrard prefer* cw sport on
15 and 20 but occasionally samplfti 40ps DX skip.
(Photo via W50B)
Heavy power line QRN here but have 66 countries in two
months" I.>011 is no »trangcr to L*X pitn-upt having pre-
viously operated BVl "JAwon Ifi h»vuhpt>u
booming into tbe ea*t cuatft around turndown'1 finds
WA2BUT> "Sorae of >m peak StW on only about itt
watts." W9WCE, duw rut-irai and readv for serious liXing
after forty year* of railroading, baa 31U .JA/Jlla in htu Jtftttf
iufi* "Nrtvrr hoard eunu UJ£ oonditrnriM hh ha>1 latHy,
enporiaiiy on 21 M K t , " agre** John . Akiho ad-
drfuia via aforementioned ulub* azui ttfuupa; AC3PT
threatens renewed activity with a fresh AMneter beam.
• . » APttUR «tiU aima fur Kant Pakistan* puaubfy in
UctoUr, A r a i i q likewise. - . * SVStt I / J V \mn a Jordan
•juickieln Fobruarv, King Husseinappears tofcwthoroughly
enjoying Ms sideband activity an JY1APU, mostly near
14,200 kits aruund Willi Ci&lT. . , . VUUH'A and MP4-
BH21 teemed up for hv* Ljatar k i l u y w * an
February, * - , VU2KV*tillstrivy>ttft>r Laccadive* progrcM
. . , New or renewed Par JSasb Auxiliary Radio Lcagti<<
memberships ar«i hold by KAs SJlli i K l P I J W i ,
iKSuBM.). JNA rKHonHN), JVl. i ftSCiqf'i, SiZlJ
(ftAflZZD), TUW iWAAZWTj, *OTl HVTUttj, 7VW
(KJmVJi, 8HT (K3FOXJ, yPP iK4QbC) and URG
fWA4FLR>
AFRICA— fcl>81>B fWMiSSTj wperta to I m p A s i w m n
: X cumin* oa cw and ash, 10 through 80 meters, into
July. Dale's 180 watts and rhombio are uioat aobivu from
IWOOtnaauu (KMT. Neighbor fclMJH ( i C I H r i n , formerly
VPJ5GS, prefers mttlfaibaml cw ni>orb . , . W7VRU
reports 5K3KJ QRT for return to LAtfGF. AtC^n KJ/a and
LV/a iaaued some LAUU DXpeditionary Q£0s from Zan-
zibar's Latham isle in late February. AtltthV jua> Iry it
again auio this month . . . VIBNABN imdemtand*
that OX3F1) intend* to tire up hi? HW-16 a* a 5M2 thh
summer VS6AD expreeses the Hon* Konx tfatift's
riadnow at tiir itii<Mnn pasnnnc of yJ^NW, killed
with Mm X Y l i in a tfftanrfe aiitn awtirj^nt. in ^rbruary,
Tony made a host of idobal friends duriner a 1>X carrier
that also featured atlnts * * Or^rKV, KT2AZ. VStfANW'
ZD* INWW 2NWW »ud ^ m t Ccant-
X BulWtin that VCJB<mr ni^y rninm^ (^liaRun
fi*Mnn under a different ealL
E URUPE — "The rrwun for the n»»w UK prehxes on
Russian club atll* i* tho incroauog number of UJdJA.ll-
btatunu/* explains KtfCUl. Tbia will also account for
<4
thrcft-lotW Hiithxes Horned by nonclub stations m bands
below ten iQbWrt," Ted risers to tho lTK5BAB«for-
UB6KAB, «te. L varieties now b d n * heard "I'U
iiandle L/LADV's (^SLs fur U.tf. stations only/* specLbes
\\ yWC/K* M Uthersotould apply to tist, Joan A. U UeiaTicw,
«inu H» t Hox t5. APOp New York, tf. Y-,
W10L" WtffINK 1 * QELLng for I/AIFK and
LXiBVV beisias with QSOs of February, IW70. The Utter,
by the way, works sab uuly . ^dpeciai QSLs will
tiuuhrm wntaoU nitii UiHBti," pivmiseit C^KWA of
Bedford & i.'istrict A.K.C., cunccrnina a special Boy Scout
event on the 10th of this month &MICXK ofters
to assist m the ^tloetion of QtiLs from HKl-tihi-S&ll
atatioua . . . . Krjcarding lawt luouth's UC3trML
rtoings by N M B and I f M h the latter writen, <aQHU
ftiiould eo to my address. Reply w i l l be via the ItfcJGB
bureau uuleav IHCs arv unclosed, preferably with a.a««.H
. - . .., _ ivciatt \Vatts* UX understand* that
Ij|47KT» Cjtilf man«ger for nutntwu* juiciea^ eau aeoept
oards or inqoiiies via DARC. Oo 'iirect,
A F R I C A — W6LEF rrpurU a switch. KT3ttEL came
baok home t^ VV^iHK \vt Kebniary after turning his
u»ll over to a colleague in Ethiopia* 8o now
haudlea QHU for tlTsiKKL and eL-fcTTOKtiL at the address
in the list to fuilow 11 Effective immediately 1 am
Q4L manner for «(t«tea W3BY V, "Contacts since
January 1, 1970, can be confirmed. I've also scat out all
ijbitf for k j U r ; QHOs fn>m October IVbtt to UeQembca1
•flSi." \\ »KT pmnts out that K3H(j.( ^ ax id I d no
for OK7IJ can* to nim
Lwuoct-a by KEF "unknown' 1 . •. - . - W7VR0 launched
muiv teu thousand 5H3KJ Q^lii for tho Latter^ hve
ux L'ar-e«-fe»alaaiu V1S31G, tending WT3UBA-
UI^IIHA-Uh'HUKA pasteboards, and U ^ i i T , busy pushing
hi* own XJWI>B cArriv, vaution correspondents to use only
purrcnt Golibovk addresses^ If your CMbovk is out ot date
van avuid wasted postage by interrogating fellow
UXers who hav« up-to-dfcte copies. No to duplicate
f m h datA herr. XIU^UH add*, 'f CJ8L Immediately on
w e i p t of s.a.s.e. and answer oMicra periodically \"ra bu-
icauti.11 VIS31G u» attonipting to bestir manager
t.'KfflV, at preKi-ut too busy U> o t ^ r up < jKASP's IMbV
^WLr irmtt<--r* , ^ . - . KxCurpta from UXpedition uf thes
Month's Bulletin 1-70 courtesy YVSZUli K: 'TTTH/UJtttfr
m tJSLlnix is basically up to date. . . Wo aro now busily
engaged in catching up ivith ON8HlJ's <iSUng. , . ,
f JjNKItK avUrity has terminated although logs for th« last
Fp wt ilays " f Htan'a «>per>ttion bavvt uob Hp en rpucivpd,"
Stu has been unable to close sumo gaps in QSO records for
L-ttSriP and ZUHBE, qo Loga available from the latter fur
tiuiitanta after Marco 2JJ, ivtft . . . . . . . . "T tio«r have logs
for WJftriti from June to May 18, lHAy/1 t . ' ^ r t s
W4RNC, mjuestinf! the usual s,a.s.c. courtesy.
ASIA —"Two-lattiT atdtixes are aMignci to Thai na-
JA. tionatHJ thresetter to nthm,'4 r.rftr^ HJrJlABO
i from Bangkok, explaining point* about Thai-
laud's recent hamuuug liberalisation. 4lA Limit of tifty non-
natioiiala u i l l be pnrrnitteii to operatic uii a tirst-come
firwt^rvp basis (present itnunt In thirty) and 1ARU
Region 111 frequency allorationa apply. Liocnaes are inaued
bv bocictv of Thai Amateur Radio with permission of the
tfitcttiMcut. (jMli address: ftJTAR, Box kJ008, Bangkok/ 9
H8AAHI) 4u(ds that Thailand is
partitioned into Hnenajng areas H&1 throuch ... i - . _
iVDUV aud WA4CZM hear that ZSdJK baa no VI2 CtiL
litrangemoits . . . . . . . . UHete KKqJT from WsUINK's
list of CJHI, mativ^itial clients. " N w ? rrrrivr<i a log/'
dcelarrH . , _ . _ Now aomn individual sper^ but bear
in mind that each zecommcndatUm is noccssarily neither
"n^jciar', cumplete nor accurate. . , -
B Y I P K , Box 1^7, IVkme, F.R.C.
U M O K i HHO,U7th Bigt Bn.4 A P U M^w York, N-
P.T3REL, R. Jjunbort, W»(iHK, 101 Knoth#«drf( Annapolis,
M&.. 21403
HT^US A-9K3US A-9F3 US A (via VKSIOi
KR7ZW, B.P, 7Wa St. Uenffl* Rr>umnn la.
HC1HM, Box tjuito, Ecuador
HR4ET/1, Box Tegucigalpa, ffondnras
JX4CN, % Norwegian Embassy, Hrvkjavik v Iceland
A Y1AP(v t King liusscin, Box 1U5A, Amman. Joidan
JCG6ASP, G. Wnstfell, 4 Rf^csdalfl s t n Nimita tfUl.
San Francisco, Calif,, UbttfO
KH6EDY ivia KUtiBZK; see text)
k L 7 i m i / K C ! 6 I via KL7BJD)
PJ2ARI, P.O. Box 383, (Jnmca^,
PJ9GL« Box 48, Bcroc, Aruba, N,A.
SVIDU* Box 1412, Athens, Greece
IR&% IJ and JX# left and right, try Rome's capital centenary
prefix on a puzzled pile-up. The two Tonys are ordinarily
l i t l i and JX,
QST for
 , - - ' (PAJg FX LOU TO VDV WWP) and Wert Coast /)JC
1 -1/1 Bulletin (WA8AUDJ. Inquiries concerning publications
v "J 4 men timed may be direoted thesources parenthesised,
Leave u* Hope that the 1970-71 ten-meter season at
least approaches 1909-70 production. Or have we had it?
... tuned in to
Stay - find
- - oat,
- O-•faj.ft anm KUE
W«. Meanwhile well be scanni
other ranges suun with the help>ofof (20
(20phone)
phone) Wa 311NK
4YOK tfYRA SYGR 9LNQ, Ks» 4TWJ 6RF, \WAs ltfHU
SYRA 8YGR
1HAA IJMR 2BCT' 2B1I. IJ 2HDZ
2BIIJ IDZ 3GVP 4ZJ 6Ef"
4ZZU 6EQW.
WB4a JYB KZG; (30 (2 cw) Ws 1JJALUiAXi 4YOK 4ZYT
4i 6JSAY
7YTN 9YQR 9DY 9LN NQ, Ka 3CUI 6MHG/I
tfGfci V, WAS m m 1JKZ IJMR 2BHJ 3FOB 2HDZ 3VWK
UGVP 4UZM 5UAX 98QY, WBs 3DRB 4GAH 4JYB
4KZG 9AVY, IUSR, VE7BAF; (40 cw) Wa 1BA1R 4YOK
7YTN 8YGR «KY, K8TRF, WAs iFHU 11RY 1JKZ
lJMR2BCT2Hl>ziYWR3GVP6UAXUS^Y^VB4aAH r
VE3GHO: (40 phone) WAIs Fill! JK95 JMR; (80 ewj
W i 1SWX 8YGR 9EY, WAla IKY; (75 phone) Wle

1JKZ 1JMR 2BCT 2 B k j 2UFD 2HDZ 3GVP 6UAX

tiSQY 0FXT, WBs 2URfi 4KZG 5YMW 9AVY 9CJB,
WNa 2KKA 40FO. IlER fl VE7BAF and reporters to file.
Next month we're due to recap tbe past season's 160-meter
D X developments with W1BB and Idends. Plenty of WAC
notion and some surprising firsts transpired.
Where:
tTEREABOUTS — Going along with those who would
CX commemorate with confusion, K1ZAT (DtADY) su$-
uests that FCXMlcensed hams be authorised 4INM calls in
VK6s IZ and CBff fresh from a splash at the beach, check 1978. Ws would become NWs, Ks.NKs, WAs NAsv etc.
Another anonymous contributor thinks we should all
a promising bloom on their Western Australia antenna merely sign our calls backward and upside down, urging
plantation. They show up regularly in W/K/VE/VO logs •onhams to join the salute to Uncle dam's 200th birtliday
on several bands. by juggling Uieir nanus, addnssaf, auto licenses and soetal
Mcurl^r numbers .. **1£ anyone tails to receive my
Grand Turk QUL he should write me at my new ZD80S
VK9BB, B. Bannister, Box 799, Lae, T.N.G. addrens," invitee n x - m C B (K1BTD). t4At this writing
e*>VK9LB, J. Liebgold, % Barry ttwean*, 934 E, Meadow all VP5CS WIm unclaimed by s.a.i.e. (selfHaddressed
dr.. Palo Alto, Califs stamped envelopes) are ready for mailing via bureaus.11
#*-VPlDW, CapL D. White, 16 fitour rd.t Blandford. . _ . ~ W3CTE manager nobody's QSLs but bis own,
Dorset, England rccent spuriouu indications to the coatrary notwithstanding
VP2GLA, P.O. Bos 387, St, Georges, Urenadat WJ. have the logs for K0GFA/KC4*s November
WA3EEK/KG6, C. Doggetb. Box £161, Agana, Guam, M J 39-ao, activity/1 offers W l M U , s.ajs.e. requisite
WA5Y8I/TT2. D, Taylor, Box 10240, Han Jose, C\tt. From DXpedition uf the Month's W2GHK:
ZD8GS, K. Collins (K1BTD), RCA MTP, Aaccnsion NUB, "All 160-, 80- and 40-meter 4M1A contacts have been
Patrick APB. KJa., 32925 QSLd and we are working on 10 meters to be followed by
ZKIBIL, N. Allan, Civil Aviation, Box 90, Rarotonga, 16 and '2U, . . . QHLinglor KV4FZ has started and will
Cook Is. ouutiouB on a regular basis until we are oaught iit>. Logs
ZPflGS, G. Smith, U.8. Embassy, APO, New York, N.Y., are on band for Herb's activity as W0VXO/KV4 from
09981 (or to W0QDPJ September 29 through October 29, 1908. . . , CW0AA
ZPSOi, USA IAGB, (L& Embassy, APO, New York, N.Y., (not CW2AA) log* hare been received and QBLing caught
09881 up," , - . _ > ^ Wnat HOT HPs use that prefix oocstfonally
5N2a ABP ABI (to K6IGJ) in conjunction with Panama eommmiorations . . . . . .
iZ4LV, Box 30U77.
5Z4LV, 3UU77, Nairobi,
N Kenya bong island DX Association's Buthtin understands that
9<05MG, Box 7700, Kinshasa, R.C. WBJT holds CP1GN logs dating from July 1909. and
9i05RD, P.U. Box 868, Bukavu, 1LO.. also that W0QU1'* share of ARBL QBL Bureau chores
AX3BM (via W2GHK) KR6JT (see text) has been running between 17 and 20 pounds monthly
GfilJTS (to CE3TS) LU2EGO (via LIJ8DKA) Those four^letter VPS calls are reciprocal-operat-
CN8DW (to w e a z i i OJ0MI <to OH2RR) ing tags according to DX NmSImL W2BKU drew
GR5SP (see text) PJ9GP (via WB4GTS) VP2AABL - - . ^ • - For surprisingly snappy QdL produc-
OhSOX (see text) SK1BL (via BMlCtfM) tion "How'e11 con
KL7B^viaW3BYY) T19CP fto TI2CMF) WA31iIUi WBs
FK8EU (viallPU) 1/A1FF "(via W»HNK> "QSlrfta of tbe Month": CP1GNT, CB7BY t CTLWY,
FM7AA (via FM7XFW VN) VP2AASL (to W3BKti) iftBB, EAs 8AT 9EJ, EL2BK, FB8XX, KM7WH,
GG3UML (to G3UML) VP3EX (via W42U2)
(IK5BVH (via H&5AJK) VP3MT (to WB2KPG)
liOHEJvia W2GTN) VP3MY (to W t l X U 7X0WW, 9J3RQ, 9A18rMr\ ©NIKA and 9V1QI,
i£R2GK (.via YGIABJ) ejc-VP5GS (to SJD8GS) managers Ws 3CTN 3YY 8ANB 9JT, K4DEN,
HS2ACA (via DK1AR) W9FIU/KS4 S4 (to \Y9
K84 \Y9Pim ikX84KZU, K3A10,HK8WOf PY7POand ZL3AFZ.
HT1BW (via DL8UKJ W0BWJ^DL >L (to WflBWJ)
W0 Any Unliable* for this list? It*M The following
HT1MG (to YN1MO) XE0LOW (to LU4PtD brethren in italics need nudges toward QHls from holdouts
J A I I W Cvia W3HNK) YB6AA£ (via DJIOL) indicated: WSBHYt EblD *P0, F7BI MP4BBA '07,
JDIYAA (via JA1WU) ZB2BV (via G3E8J) TF3MB '63; W4KMH, HV1AN. KGftA>J) KWfis 1W
JW1CX (via LA4AL) ZL3AB (via W0J5HQ) EJ, Tl2l% ZD71P, 5A3TT: KSfTPC, I81IVP VPVABK,
K9IMC/KG6 (via W9MUG 5U7AI (via DK3HB) fiWSXX, 6Y6JB; K40LQ, K.\VBG&\_Vti&MR1 BVlO'SC Jfi9,
i
IUGFA/KG4fviaWlMIJ) 9Q5BB (via W4RNC) KG61F. Any biota? W6JYY and WB9AVY told
QTH donors this trip are Ws 1BMR 1CW 18WX 1YYM their calls to the list of those willing to take on QBL chores
2ADP SHNK 4YOK 5LEF dEAY 8YGH VLNQ 01MK for needful overseas DXers,
*PAN, Ks 3CUI 4AKE fiMAT 6SSN, WAs 1PHU 1JKZ f\CEAN!A — 4 Tm the new QHL manager for ZL3AB,"
4GZM tfPXT, WBs 4GAH 4KKG 8ABN, SMlCXE, KJ confirms WA'ZHQ. Charles coordinates the chaogeovrr
CJolumbus AmaUttr Radio Association C'ARAwop* ivith retiring ZI3AB Q8L tender WflGB - , KH6-
W8ZCQ), DAUC's DX-MB (DL8AK), )>X RZK takes on confirmational dutifs for Kur^s KH6EDY,
stating, " I hold logs from January 1,1961, to December 31,
I960, dome 1HQ9 operations appear to be invalid as logs
not properly signed." Lee performs on an *,ajtf.e,-only
Miller, 62 Warward In.. basis for W/Ks, s.a.e. plus appropriate International Reply
Sngland)* Japan DX Radio Coupons from others, and naturally insists on Greenwich
CJA'dV 1), Long Island DX Association DX Mean dates and times. About this sua.s.e. business —for
BvUeti* (W2GK2) t Newark News Radio Club BuUsftn direct reply, unless specifically waived, nelf-addresaed
(J. Helen, 3833 Marshall ct.. Bellwood, I1L. 80104), NoTth stamped envelopes, or self-addressed envelopes with Inter-
Eastern DX Association OX Bulletin (KllMPl, Northern national Reply Coupon* when appropriate* should be in-
California D X Club D X v (Box 608, Menlo Park. Calif,, cluded
seeking
in mailings to QBL managers. This is only {air when
postal response from anyone for that matter.
94035), Southern California DX Club BviUtin (WASGLD),
UBA,s On ih* Air (ONs 4AD fiVA), VERON's DXprett

May 1970 81
 CONDUCTED BY BILL SMITH,* K0CER

The Great March Aurora my own log, i find a notation of an unusual lack of
A URORA is the watchword for March." That is Sunday morning scatter signal*. WA5TTH, who
" how we began the March edition of this misses darned little that happens on SO MHz in
column, Oa March 8 it was fact, with what W2AZL Louisiana, reports Mayer backscatter beginning at
calls, "the best aurora ever on 2 meters." In terms 1700 with signals from all U.S. call areas. VE2-3
of the number of stations participating, the March and KP4 peaking southeast to southwest. Appar-
8 aurora may have been the most widely- worked ently the first hour of backscatter was not widely
opening of its kind as well. The following day my detected, as it isn't until 1810 that wefindanother
telephone rang frequently with called-in reports ofreport. This from W5WAX, Oklahoma, who
exceptional OX. Through those phone calls, a worked K1JRW, Mass., and VE2AIO, Quebec, with
number of hastily-written letters, and the assis- signals peaking from the South Atlantic.
tance of Don Lund, WA0IQN, the following is a K0CER, S. Dak. was working K7BDU/0,
summary of what happened as best we know at Omaha, over a 160-mile path at t825 when the
this writing. Nebraska signal suddenly began to growL Until
March began as February had ended, without then there was no indication of aurora or back-
indication of the excitement to oome. WWV GEO scatter. Six meters quickly filled with auroral
forecasts were encouraging, but their previous signals, from Wyoming to Kentucky. (Six meter
indication of an active sun had left us unrewarded. DXers needing Wyoming shouldn't bypass the call
Several letters asked, "Whatever happened to the W7VDZ. Jim is a fine cw operator but doesn't
aurora?" Some solar activity was recorded earlier* advertise that he is in Casper, Wyoming. He has
but it wasn't until 0926 GMT, on the 6th, that the 150 watts and a 6-element Vagi at 60 feet.) At
great event to follow had its birth. ESSA recorded 2150 1 somehow worked K8MMM through the
a bright surge on the extreme western limb of the usual pileup around Tommy's outstanding signaL
sun. The region had exhibited a far from classical We noted signals had a hollow backscatter sound
growth and development during the 14 days it had with no auroral characteristics, and they peaked
faced the earth, waxing and waning in area and direct-pathh. W0PFP, Iowa, was worked at 2220,
complexity several times before rotating from view typical aurora. Eight minutes later signals suddenly
on the 5th. faded and there was no trace of aurora. WWV on
Following the initial surge, ESSA photographed 15 MHz was S9, with no auroral effect.
a solar spray beginning at 1838 GMT, March 6. Swinging the Yagi southeast produced nothing
for 8 minutes, but at 2236, as though someone had
This reached a height of at least three-tenths of the
sun's radius. By March 7, the disturbance had thrown a switch, there was K6QEH on backscatter,
reached minor storm proportions. ESSA personnel working W5WAX- What followed was the most
In Alaska reported brilliant aurora displays begin-widely-worked 50-MHz backscatter opening of
ning about 1800 GMT. (There were several obser- recent times. K6QEH*s signal was over-powering.
vations uf auroral conditions prior to the major Gary worked 42 stations in all call areas, 1 believe,
event, March 8. These apparently were the result of except the first Whether all contacts were on
activity in another solar region not connected with backscatter alone I'm not certain. Some may have
the une responsible for the mqar event) been direct-path F-layer. At times beam headings
At 0230 GMT, March 8, WA0IQN telephoned to had little effect, though the area of strongest
say, "Looks good for granddaddy!* While talking reflection centered around 160 degrees. Some of
with Don, I heard weak aurora on 50 MHz but the better DX contacts reported were K2RTH to
nothing that could be identified. It faded at 0300. K6QEH, WA6HXM to W2UTH and K4RBR,
Exactly when the aurora was first workable is Miami WA0QLP, Rapid City, South Dakota,
unknown to your writer, but W0LER'* 144-MHz worked W1HOY/KP4 at 2330, just as the back-
report of W8KAY at 0700 is the earliest 1 have on scatter activity was ending. In most parts of the
record. This is quite likely the beginning as both country, the opening lasted about 70 minutes.
John and Art were closely watching the event. Apparently there was no aurora or backscatter
K2KTR reports strong aurora at 1500 GMT, but an noted in most of the 7th call area. W7VDZ is the
inactive band. only seven to weak the aurora that 1 know of, and
none report F-layer activity.
Six Meters ft was fitting that such an event took place on a
These early reports concern the 2-meter band; 6 Sunday afternoon, during a time when band
was apparently quiet until around 1700. Checking occupancy is normally high, This permitted many
50-MHz operators their first encounter with F-
• Bead reports sad mrwpondence to tiill Smith layer backscatter. Some were obviously awed;
K6CEEL, ARRL* 226 Main bt., NftwingUm, Conn. 06111. others blamed the previous day's eclipse. Well later

82 QST for

220-MHz EME First - and Second
Louis Anciaux, WB6NMT, and "Lucky"
Whitaker, W7CNK, successfully completed
the first 220-MHz moonbounce contact, on
March IS, between L805 and 1843 PST.
Several previous attempts had been un-
successful, but revealed system problems
which were corrected. This 220 EME first
covered a terrestrial distance of 650 miles,
but the record lasted less than 26 hours.
The following evening, at L940 PST,
WB6NMT began a 22-minutc contact with
Jud Snyder, K2CBA, over a distance of
2,650 miles. Signals on both nights were
weak, rising barely above the noise and
requiring many repeats. Jud said WB6NMTs
signal was fairly solid, but frequent bursts
made copy difficult. Roth contacts were
made on cw.
WB6NMT ran a pair of 4CX250B* and an
array of sixteen 10-turn helices. K2CBA's
transmitter, a pair of 4CX300s, fed 700
watts to an array of sixteen 6-element Yagis.
A photograph of the antenna appears on
page 94 of December, 1969 QST, At
W7CNK a similar transmitter was used and a
160-element collinear array.
Congratulations to all concerned. The
contacts were the first KME work for
WB6NMT and W7CNK. K2CBA has had
considerable KME experience having com-
pleted previous contacts on 144 and 432.
Mow with 220 in the books, 50 MHz and
the bands above 2300 MHz remain. 2300
shouldn't have much longer to wait. W3GKP
and W4HHK are closing in on that record,
having now definitely identified their lunar-
reflected 2300-MHz signals both ways.
examine some additional F-laycr effects on March
9th, but first the aurora on 2 meters.
Some of the best 2-meter aurora DX on record
was worked between 2100 and 2230 GMT.
Thousand-mile contacts between the Northeast and
Midwest were actually common! The best reported
DX contacts were those of W2AZL and K2RTH
with W5WAX, distances of some 1230 miles!
K2RTH logged all states east of the Mississippi,
except Florida and Alabama. Bruce heard W5RCI,
Mississippi, S9, calling W2CUX. W5WAX worked
14 states. Other DX highlights: KlAFR'sConnect-
icut-to-lowa contact with W0MQS; W0LER's re-
ception of K4GL, Minnesota^to-South Carolina;
and W0RII, Minnesota, heard by W2AZL, NJ.
W2CUX added three new states: Kentucky, Indi-
ana and Missouri W0DRL, Kansas, worked
W4FWH, Georgia, at 1520 GMT, followed by
K4MHS, North Carolina, and W4LTU, Virginia. AI
heard K4EJQ, Tenn., and many 2s, plus W5RCI at
S9 and W0EYE in Colorado.
WA0QLP, South Dakota, reports working
W0EYE on 220-MHz aurora and I have second-
hand information that W0EYE worked Nebraska's
W0BJ on 432.
May 1970
At this writing, these are the highlights of the
March 8 event. Some additional items appear in the
regular operating news section. My thanks to those
of you who telephoned or wrote immediate re-
ports. By next month well know what happened
oh the 27-28 day recurrence.
Parks 432-3 Modification
The Parks model 432-3 is a popular converter
for 432 MHz, but the noise figure of several has
been measured as from 6 to 8 dB. An improvement
of 2 dB may be obtained with this simple
modification by W0EYE.
First, remove the existing 1.5-pF Input coupling
capacitor. Place a grounding soldo* lug under the
input BNC connector and solder two protective
diodes, CR1 and CR2, hack-to-back, from the
BNC tip to ground using short leads. IN34As or
similar germanium diodes are suitable. Next, trim
the leads of a 27-pF dipped silver-mica capacitor to
114 inches each and solder the capacitor between
the BNC tip and the input tank line. The connec-
tion on the tank line is made 7/8 inch from the
variable capacitor. Finally, the interior of the
converter case is lined with aluminum foil.
3 T a—
Fig.1 — Modification of the input circuit of the
Parks 432-3 Converter, by W0EYE. Both the basic
schematic and the approximate physical arrange-
ment are shown. Further details appear in the text.
W6HPH, who worked on the design of the
converter and supervised the original production
run, says that every unit was checked carefully for
noise figure, and all were under 5 dB, with some as
low as 3 dB. It is easy to damage the input
transistor with coaxial-relay leakage, but a likely
cause of high noise figure is user misadjustment of
the tuned circuits. Tuning for maximum gain
rather than minimum noise figure will result in
noise figures of A to 8 dB, tir worst.
Injection level to the mixer is important, Fred
says. The final multiplier was initially detuned
purposely for optimum noise figure. Peaking will
give much more gain, but adverse signal-to-noise
ratio. Injection should be adjusted for a mixer
collector current of about 100 microamperes. It is
very important to obtain optimum mixer perfor-
mance in any 432-MHz converter having only one
rf stage, or the system noise figure will suffer.
OVS and Operating News
50-MHz DX news this month mostly involves
the March 8 aurora and Mayer activity. Backscatter
and possible direct-path openings between the
coasts, are probable immediately following the
break-up of a major magnetic disturbance such as
that on March 8th. Old hands at 50-MHz DX were
83
not caught unaware, though &ome apparently
excellent DX possibilities went unused the follow-
ing morning, local time. Six meters was open from
the eastern, central and southern state? to the
Caribbean and South America as early as 1400
C-MT March The activities began with an
Jfopening between the upper midwest and the Gulf
states. One such contact WHS between WA5TTH,
Louisiana, and WA0QLP, South Dakota. Immed-
iately following that, WA5TTH worked VP2MJ on
Montserrat, in the eastern Caribbean, usingF-tayer
backscatter with beams pointing southwest.
VP2MJ was heard In Omaha by W0EKB, apparent-
ly direct-path F-layer, but local QRM prevented a
contact. W0EKB also logged many South American
commercial service fm stations near the lower edge
of the six-meter band. TheF-layer activity ended
shortly at 1500 GMT, but was followed by a fair
30-minute Es opening between the midwest arid
southwest and the Los Angeles area. That opening
was localized between Missouri, Nebraska and
South Dakota and Arizona, Nevada and Southern
California.
At 1700 GMT, six meters again opened for
FJayer backscatter. WA6HXM heard U.S., Cana-
dian and Puerto Rican stations on a 135-degree
beam heading. The band closed at 1730. But there
was still some life left as late as 2340 GMT. The
husband-wife team of K5AGI and WA5TTH began
to hear the ZK1AA beacon. (Cook Island In the
South Pacific, 50.1 MHz.) John tried to break the
beacon and then attempted to telephone Stewart
without any success. ZKlAA's beacon peaked S9
until 0130 GMT, March 10,
Also on March 10, WAS'fTH worked VP2M1 at
1830 GMT, and WA4MHS, Florida, at 1900,
on Flayer backscatter- That evening, March 11
GMT, Mary worked LU3DCA and OA4C between
0200 and 0230 GMT, un7¥, followed 3U minutes
later with an Eropening to New Mexico.
Undoubtedly there were other contacts and we
should have ~more details-for next month. In
checking the reports, 1 note an unusual amount of
activity from Puerto Rico. At least four KP4s,
AXJ, AZA* DCY and W1HOY/KP4, were active
March Kth. Perhaps this summer Puerto Kico will
become an easier catch on ssta.
While on the topic of summer DXt W40DS and
KSBBN will likely travel to Cayman Island for ZFl
activity around June contest time. Also, beginning
June 1, W4GDS will by flying Washington, D.C.-to-
Honolulu for United Air Lines and will have
28-hour lay-overs in Hawaii. Bob has applied for a
KH6 call and will be looking fof£fe. And -
W0EKB, W0JCO and K0CER will motor to Ketchi-
kan, Alaska, beginning June 7, for a 2-week plus
roundtrip. Included is one week in Alaska and
mobile activity in VF4, 5, 6 and 7. Hans call for
stacked S-element Yagis and a kilowatt at Ketchi-
kan. At this writing the call to be used is uncertain,
but will be a KL7»
Utah likewise will be represented during the
June contest. W0MTK says a group from the
Western Slope Radio Club (Colorado) will be active
on sab, using a portable generator. Looks like an
interesting contest.
Prior to the March M l period, VP2MJ reported
"nothing doing to the states since December 23.V
Monty says TE to South America was poor this
February; nothing like the month one year ago.
Monty did work OA4C, Peru, on several occasions,
plus Uruguay and Argentina. He says O A4C caught
TEopenings to Mexico and Texas on February 11,
26, 27 and 28. XE1BY, K5APY and K5WWQ were
among those worked.
One scatter report this month. W0MTK, Western
Colorado, reports working K6PYH, K6IRY,
W5WAX, and K5WVX on several occasions during
February. BUI says also the knife-edge ISO-mile
path across the Rocky Mountains from Kruita to
Denver Is working well. In W0MTK works WA0-
KTN, K0FTG and WA0SOV in Denver regularly.
Signals peak 30 dfi over the noise in 10'to-20-
minute cycles.
How about some uf you big-gun scatter boys in
the east and west telling us what you're doing?
Some of you have fat signals in the midwest.
Finally, 50-MH; WAS certificate number 89 was
awarded March 12 to K6EPT.
/444ffftstates totals will show the effects oF the
March B aurora when the boxes appear again next
month. W0DRU Kansas, added two states. North
Carolina and Georgia. KIRJH, Conn., added
W9PBP, Illinois, while also working VKIAFB,
Nova Scotia and several 8s; K1AFR, also ConnM
logged Is, 2s, 3sv 8s, 9s and Iowa. WAlJXN,
Vermont, vras able to make but one contact, that
with WSIDU, Michigan, but Lance lists many 2s, 3s
and 8s heard, plus W9PBP and W9MAL, both
Illinois. W9PBP reached 34 states worked, adding
Delaware and South Carolina. Len reports aurora
on March 5, 6 and 7 In addition to the 8th. On the
5th he worked K2GXJ, on the 6th several 2s and
Ss, and 8s and 9a on March 7. On the 8th W9PBP
worked at least 10 states plus VE3. In Minnesota,
W0LER heard many Ohio stations, spending moat
of the aurora session looking for extreme DX.
Except the 220 moon bounce contacts previous-
ly reported, the lone 220 report this month come*
from K61BY* Joe says the San Francisco area 220
net held their annual dinner February 28 with 29
present. The net meets Sunday nights at H PST on
222.07, averaging 20 check!ns. Joe says the South-
ern California VHP Club is planning a 222-MHz fm
repeater under the call, K6BPC,
432MIb did not fare well during the March b
aurora. There vwre only two contacts I have
knowledge of. W0EYE, Colorado, worked W0BJ,
Nebraska, and W8HVX, Michigan, is said to have
worked a K2. There were several reports of
fragmentary signals heard, but it appears the
auroral intensity did not have much effect at 432,
or the peak was very sharp and for the most part,
undetected.
In Boston, WlGAN, W1JOT and K4GGI/1 have
organized to make 432.1 the calling frequency for
that area, Lewis, K4GGI/1, says the purpose is to
provide a spot frequency which may be monitored
and used to establish contact. The plan is for the
stations to then move to another frequency,
leaving 432,1 clear for others. The calling fre*
quency should make possible more 432 contacts
on nights other than Wednesday, long established
as "432 night" in New England. Comments,
questions and requests for technical assistance
EME Two-Way Records
144 MHz: SM7BAE - ZL1AZR
11,055 Miles - March 4,1969
220 MHz: WB6NMT-K2CBA
2,650 Miles - March 16,1970
420 MHz: WA6LET - G3LTF
5,730 Miles - Sept. 25, 1965
1215 MHz: WB6IOM - C3LTP
5,492 Miles - April 27, 1969

This 420-MHz ATV signal from W9NTP was
received by W8DMR, over a 160-mile path.
should be directed to Lewis Collins, 11 Brattle
Street, Apt. 19, Arlington, Mass. 02174.
W9NTP writes that the Indiana Amateur TV and
UHF Club Is very active in the Indianapolis area,
with IS ATV stations on the air. Pictures are
regularly received over 50- to 200-mlle paths.
Elsewhere in this column appears a photograph of
a fast-scan ATV picture made by W8DMR in
Columbus, Ohio of W9NTFs 300-watt signal. The
path distance is 160 miles. W9NTP's antenna is a
64-element col linear at SO feet, WBDMR has a
48-element collintar. Both operators are interested
in hearing from and scheduling others likewise
interested in ATV.
K4GL, South Carolina, tells W1HDQ he has
replaced his 96-element colUnear with four Tilton
Yagis. W^LCN, Minneapolis, wants schedules with
In the style of Mardi-Gras, Fort Myers (Fla.) each
February holds "P&geant of Light/' Crowned
"King" at the Coronation Ball this year was
Abbott Kagan III, WA4DKD. The King's father Is
W4HDH, an ARRL ORS and net control of Florida
net QFN. (Photo courtesy "Sunshine Bobo"
News-Press.)
May 1970
Wisconsin, Michigan, Indiana, Nebraska, Missouri
and North Dakota. K4EJQ suggests beginning a
states worked box for 1296 MHz. Bunky says the
boxes seem to generate competition which might,
in turn, stir up more activity. Can do, Bunky, but 1
am disappointed in the lack of reporting by many
operators listed in the existing boxes. 1 can't reason
a good explanation unless the 75-meter nets are
fulfilling their needs. 1 am also suspicious that not
alt SCMs are forwarding OVS reports to Head-
quarters. If you are reporting regularly but the
reports dont appear In the column, try sending a
duplicate to my home at 3900 East 24th Street,
Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57103.
Fort Wayne Area Repeater, WA9YJV
The Allen County Amateur Radio Technical
Society, through its president. Jack Forbing,
K9LSB, supplied the following information on the
Society1* fm repeater:
The system operates continuously, with 146.46
input and 146.38 output. Presently it is open-
access, and visitors to the Fort Wayne area are
invited to use it. Plans for the immediate future
include installation o£ emergency power for the
repeater. ACARTS is 100 percent AREC, and
complete reliability for emergency communication
is a primary objective. Also coming is a 6-meter
system, 51.64 in and S2.88 out. Simplex operation
is currently on 146.88, with 146.94 and 52.525 as
alternate frequencies.
We hope to have more details on the ACARTS
repeater setup in the near future. Once again; we
invite fm and repeater enthusiasts to send this kind
of information to ARRL, for inclusion in the vhf
column. Technical details are also solicited. These
will be handled in the column, as Hints and Kinks,
or as full-fledged QST articles, as their nature may
dictate. low—I
Since 1955 a memorial has existed for the silent
keys of Oregon. Shown in the photo is W7QWE the
memorial's trustee. The memorial Is on display at
club meetings and hamfasts and it wiff be shown at
the Ordgon State Convention this June.
85
 ] ^ ^yWHiSiusni^uiinil^uE^yg^*

i A e j n p s

CONDUCTED BY LOUISE RAMSEY MOREAU,* WB6BBO

*'QR V"

Wof3MEN are usually chosen to illustrate the act

assistance to others. On almost every poster
and, picture of the many disaster relief organiza-
tions, we see women used ax an example of the
helping hand. Probably the most logical explana-
tion of this is the fact that so often in times of
crisis the ladies of a community seem to be there
to pick up the pieces and help get started putting
them back into place. They drop what they are
doing, forget about personal concerns and appear
to offer their assistance to a neighbor when there is
illness, or tragedy In a family.
In amateur radio the difference is that the crisis
may be in our own home town, or half way around
the world, the need can be almost anything
imaginable, but the gals are there to help in the
same manner, forgetting their own Interests to give
aid where and when it is needed. There arc VLs
who are on their way to or from an airport to pick
up and deliver a requested Fyehank shipment. We
can find others assisting in the relay of a request
from a distant country, or a missionary for badly "Suzy" JH1WKS, ex^l2IX. For the many people
needed medical supplies. There are the hundreds of who ham inquired about Japan's first YL operator,
gals in Army, Navy and Air Force MARS who daily Suzy is back on the air with a new call and anxious
t o meet all her old friends.
maintain that personal touch between servicemen
around the world and their homes. Others are
doing much the same thing in the amateur frequen-
cies helping students or visitors keep contact with
their homelands in the countries where this activity In times of disaster when there is no regular
is approved. communication the women arc there helping to
YL~Editor QSTt Please searf all news notes to WBfi- keep the vital lifeline open, and relaying requests
liBO'a home addrom; 1036 East Bcmtoo St., Altadeaa, Calif. for aid, news of the extent of the emergency, as
91001.
well as the vast quantity of personal traffic in and
out of the affected area.
There are gals like W3GTC, and her group of
busy women, who act up and help maintain
communications for the Powder Puff Derby each
year. Across the country with the AREC we have
Yls in all phases of that service,The SECs and ECs,
who plan and coordinate the emergency groups.
And the countless women who are active in the
nets that make these plans work.
Who are these women who give so much? Many
of (hem are found In the Public Service Honor
Roll, others on the BPL list. Some are calls that
have become as familiar to us as our own, K0ONIT,
W3CUL, W0LGC, W4WQM, K8LGA, K80NV,
VE7BBB, KL7FLS, W5LGY, K2KQC, W4TVT,
WA1GAB, And there are many whose identity is
disguised by the MARS calls because of their
preference for working with the military affiliate
WN7MKQ, Billie EstftNta, is one of the few Novices groups. There are lots of rewards for the activity
who were able t o Accomplish confirmation of WAS
during novice activity in amateur radio. She is of helping others in time of need. Many of us have
looking forward to stepping into General Class a folder filled with certificates thanting us for our
soon. The OM is WA7LKA. services, but our greatest reward comes from the

86 Q S r for
actual doing. No contest can match the keyed up
excitement of actual operation in time of a major
disaster, or the bucking of all sorts of conditions to
get a message through. A certificate is a comfort-
able thing to have, but the great satisfaction of
hearing a grateful "Thank you" from some home-
sick serviceman, or the "Well done" of an
Emergency Coordinator as the net is secured is
something that cannot be put into words.
Women are always ready to help in time of
need whether it is our individual assistance to the
neighbor down the street, volunteering in the many
organizations that give aid to those less fortunate
than ourselves, or on-the-air emergency assistance.
When the need for help arises, the YLs will be
found doing "what comes naturally," waiting to be
used, and adting" Is there anything 1 can do?"
Location Change - Mid West YL
The iHth annual Mid West YL Convention
location has been changed to the Drifter Motel,
8416 Curunna Road, Flint, Michigan.
If you have already made reservations for the
Convention, the chairman will transfer them from
the former location to the new one. It is located
away from the city about one half mile west of
1-7 5.
Present plans call for a Friday evening buffet
banquet of chicken and all the trimmings as a
hospitality gesture of the Mint YLs, The evening
will be an informal getting acquainted session*
Saturday includes the formal luncheon at the
Sveden House, with the afternoon devoted to
business meetings as well as other events. The
banquet, which Includes the OMs, will be Saturday
evening.
Send all reservations to Marion Bees, W8UAP,
2039 East Whittemore, Flint, Michigan, 48507,
and remember there is only one more month to
plan.
The only change is in the location of the
Convention site. The rest remains, as it has for the
past eighteen years, that truly warm hospitality
and rewarding experience of this very popular
annual YL convention. Time is running short, so
make your plans now, you won't be sorry.
The Time is NOW!
The joint Pacific-Southwestern ARRL Conven-
tion is about to open on May 15,16,17, at the
Hacienda Motel, Fresno, California.
The Fresno YLs will be in charge of the social
entertainment with a Luncheon and Wig Show, on
Saturday, May 16. The SWOOP initiation is to be
handled by the BAYLARCS, who originated this
award for the unlicensed wives of operators.
There is to be a YL Forum scheduled for
J 1A.M. on Saturday, prior to the luncheon. Plan to
bring your comments, and meet with the other YL
operators there.
The Fresno affair is always popular, and this
one promises to be one of the best. See you there,
Norweigian YLs
LA6X1, Knut Heimdal, Traffic Manager of
NRRL, has sent a list of the 49 licensed YLs in
Norway to supplement the three named in the
December 1969, "YL News and Views." For those
who are interested in working the "distaff side" of
Amateur Radio in Norway, the YLs are: LAlGN,
May 1970
June Severs, WB9DBA, got her ticket the hard way
by starting out with the General Class test. June is
the mother of two boys. The OM is not licensed.
(Photo courtesy W9ELG)
LAI YM, LAIZI, LA2GI, LA2QH, LA2ZL
LA2UK, LA2YL, LA3AH, LA3AYL, LAJGM,
LA31N, LA3KK, LA3KN, LA3LH, LA3WG,
LA3WK, LA3XH, LA3XL, LA3YL, LA4L1,
LA4NK, LA4PH, LA4WK, LA5BK, LA5CK.
LAS J F, LASJM, LA5WD, LA5WG, IW6AJ,
LA6NM, LA6ZH, LA7QJ, LA7PM, LA7ZM,
LA7YL, LA8CA, LASDD, LA8DL, LA8EG,
LASUF, LA8YL, LAttSL, LA9LH, LA9LL,
LA9MD, LA9NF, LA9QK.
That YL Suffix
Add three more calls to that list of these who
have been assigned the very distinctive "YL* as a
suffix. LA2YL, in Norway; XE0YL, in Mexico;
DJpYL, assigned to Elissa McDade, also WA4BVF,
who is now operating In West Germany. tiu far as
we know, Elissa is the only American who has had
the distinction to receive the YL call. This brings
the total to 65.
"YL News and Views" thanks those who sent
in very helpfiil suggestions of feminine-type
suffixes such as HER, and SHE. True, they are YL
indicators, but, the original idea was to assist in the
acquisition of WAC-YL. and DX-YL, awards by
proof of contact with the call YL as the suffix &u
that the certificate would be literally accurate In its
title.
K5PFF, 1970 YLRL Vice-president
A student, teacher, mother, professional
woman, the YL picture is as varied as the dickens,
but we alf end up speaking the tame language.
Before World War TJ, Audrey went to a radio
school in Minnesota, left to work for Northwest
Airlines,, from there joined the WAC Airforce
where she was assigned to Army Air Communica-
tions as a Radio Operator. From 1943 to 1945 she
was a busy gal both here and overseas (where,
incidentally, she met the future OM.) On her way
back to the United States the ship was so badly
damaged by a hurricane that she was transferred to
another one so that she and her companions hold
the very rare distinction of being the only women
to ever be passengers aboard the aircraft carrier
Enterprise.
87

T IS with deep regret that we iccnrd the pacing
Iof thwc amateurs:
W1A4A, Kubrrt G, Pike, Ifanesbur*, Vt.
K5PFF, Audrey Beyer, 1970 YLRL Vice-president.
family life intervened for a while and, when
the GAYIARCS were about to be organized,
Audrey boned up on her theory and code and
received her amateur license,
K5PFF has been extremely active keeping
students from South America who are in this
country in touch with their families via phone
patchy as well as In traffic work.
Audrey is affiliated with TYLRUN net, and
formerly was secretary- treasurer of that group*
She is a past president of GAY LARC, and is the
1970 Vice-president of YLRL. This latest office is
really hard work, for the Vice-president not only
sets up the calendar for the YLRL Contests, but is
also the one who receives and checks the contest
results before they.are published. MfiT—I
Henry C. Gawlec, ex-1RI
Old, Old-Timers will remember with consider-
able affection the first Radio Inspector of the Ftrst
Radio District at Boston, Henry C. Gawier* ex-IRt,
who died in December at the age of 87, In 1904 he
helped the government develop its first wireless
equipment while employed by National Electric
Signal Co. An early radio officer of the Signal
Corps, he served as a captain along the Mexican
border in 1*14, and during World War I, in the
Azores. Later employment was with RCA, General
Radio Company and l>nMont Laboratories, from
1947 to 1957, he was associated with the late
W2LA In the manufacturers* rep agency Crawler-
Knoop Company and was a senior member of
IEEE and the Radio Club of America.
Feedback
In the "Silent Keys" column for March 1970,
K7LIR should have been shown as W7LIR.
MM * • • « «
The "OX Contest Announcement/* QST Dec,
page 62 contains an unfortunate error* The
last line under examples of acceptable end-of-
transmissions of less than 30 seconds should read,
"589 Cal DXIDX W6XYZ
88
gtfetrt Hep*
WIFK\ Donald N. Grundberfc Lowell, Man.
WAl LKX, Jyman f>T Warner, Greenwich, Conn.
WlQNav Richard B. Brown. Jr., Bramiree, Mass.
W1KVK, Clarence K Burnham, Norwalk,Conn.
KiZHD, Fletcher H, Warren, bramingham, Mans.
W2AVL, Daniel H. Papp, Furt Chester, N.V.
W2ULU liorton C. Muaher, Scotia, N.Y.
WtFWX, William H. Bossert, Woodaid*. N.Y.
W2HVK, William U Bugler, Koaelle Pari, N.J.
WA7IA2. Harry N. Perry. Swedssboro, NJ.
WA2IVK, Lee Sonenthal. Aurora, N. V.
K2JLY, Francis K. ClancagllnL, Sr.. Malap, N.J.
W2JRJ, Jamea R, Bromley, Balnbridge, N.Y.
WA2KVN, David J. Perry, Wrhatar. N.Y.
W2NHG, Allan A, Mac Lean. Boon ton, NJ.
WBIOOU, llarrv J. Wide, Uendale, N,Y.
W2SB, Henry Burrls, Silver Creek. N.Y.
KJUtD, Jerome bloom berg, Henrietta. N.Y.
W2VCY, Luuia i. lea tor. .Hudson, N.Y.
WA2WB1* Ma]. Gen- J ante* Dreyfus, Mid die town,
NJ.
W3DFC, Hmile K. .Swanm, Woodbine, Md.
WA3UMO, Orvflle J.fciyre,Erie, Pa.
K3VKV, Joaeph K Hashatfi, tvanaCity. Ha.
W4KZV, Joaeph htainter, Pensacola, Ma.
e X-W4TA. Cloyd Hew**, Miami, Ha.
W5AK, Louia JAdne, Hockport, Tex**.
WA5FVU Robert S. Rushlnt. lit Dorado, Ark.
WSJBZ, Floyd J '"Sparky" Barton. Oklahoma
City. Ukla.
K5J PG/W51B t, Marcus H. Ifelton. tacagoula,
Miss,
WAAKs Gordon W. Brown, San Diego, Calif-
W6GJE, Virjtii Talbott, Monterey Park, Calif.
K6JQK, Donald H. J-nichcy, Burbank, CaUf.
W6KE F, William K. U Fayette, Oakland, Calif.
K6MYM, S. Vernon Kay, 3anCa Roto, Calif.
WhuHt lames t.. Meredith, Clearteke Highland*,
Calif.
W6TGA, Wayne B, Henderson, Bur bank, Calif.
WAl (MO, Luyd a Grimm. W. Ixn Angele*, Calif.
WfiVPC, Elliott14Buck1* Buchanan, Oakland, Calif-
WTCPtf, Hurotd Carcra, Anaconda, Munt.
W7DXV, Harold Mapea. Mooae, Wvo.
W7VTA, James Parr, Salt Lake City, Utah.
*k-8BM, CJrrfn Durtlap, Jr., C«r*at Neck. L.I., N.Y.
eh'SCEH, Kdword U WiaamUlrr, Saginaw. Mich.
WAtfOUE. Clarencefc-fearson,Warren, Ohio.
KJisjklV, John A Williams.fc.Cleveland, Ohio.
K8SKP, Roy D, Tnpper, Detroit, Mich.
Orllle Hilliprrm, Marklex-ille, fed.
K9DOX, tyman h. Steward Champaign, 111-
K^VPK, tee Warnncki W^btnaon, flV
W9UUT, Eric A. Ihnmaa^uth Holland, 11L
WA9VCW Frank Taliaferro, Chicago, 111.
W0BSP, MarahaU R Enaor, Ola the. Kant.
DRW/W91DW, Gerald T. Bergemann, Marlon,
la.
Ktf FLU Oeoree ChrUtiqnaen, Craok&ton, Minn.
W^PC. A, William W. Lanham, Atlantic^ la.
W^WTN, Charlea A, Pace, THnadad, Colo.
Vfc3'l U John H. "t><>c" Downer, Toronto, Ontario
VE5ES. Reginald A Roberta, Weyhurn. S««k.
V BSJ U» Janus* M. Crook, Kegina. Sakk.
V E 6AOH/«*-V E? R.S, Geroge E. Heam. Calgary.
Alta.
G5CV, P. Douidaa Walters, Hook, Surblton, Sy„
England.
KP4JA, Ulises Marin. !Santurce( Puerto Ricrt.
SP6hZb Jan £iemblcki. BieUwa, Poland,
1121£AG« bvangeloi A. tiards, San Jom. CoOa
Rica.
VK3CX, Alan G. Brown, Canterbury, Australia.
VK7PA. A- K. .\Uen« Mnnnah. TaKmama>
ZL2JK* thath Putmnstnn North, New
Zealand.
VJ2NW, N. W. "Tony" Willis, N<loU, Zvtnhia.
057 for
 GEORGE HART, W1NJM

ELLEN WHITE, OT1YYM,

...l T• — ... Daputy ComiDi. Mgr.
Administration: LILLIAN H. SALTER. WIZJE
DXCCs ROBERT L, WHITE, W1CW Training Aid* GERALD
ContmttM: ALBERT M. NOONB, WA1KQM Public 8tPW»: WILLIAM O. REICHERT.

July Open CD Party. Once each quarter, ap-
pointees and certain other eligible* in the ARRL
"official family" get together for a contest known
popularly as the "CD Party." Most operating
amateurs are familiar with it and from time to time
we receive inquiries about what one ha* tu do to be
eligible for this "Civil Defense** contest.
During the May 1969 ARRL Board Meeting, it
was unanimously voted that one CD Party per year
be opened to all ARRL members as well as the
appointees and other eligible*. The matter was
"bucked" by Hq. to the Contest Advisory Com-
mittee which, in mid-March, came through with a
set of recommendations on the subject As a result,
there will be an "open party", cw on July 11-13,
phone on July 18-20. June QST will cany full
rules.
We hopu all League members will plan to take
part, and make this a big success There will be no
bajuc change in the time, scoring or log structure
used in the other CD Parties (Oct., Jan. and April).
The .ippointce* will exchange section and appoint-
ment as usual, and non-appointee members will
send section and MBR (member) or, if preferred
and applicable, LM (Life Member) or CLM (Char-
ter Life Member). All those who participate will
receive a copy of the CD Bulletin carrying the
results. High claimed scores will, of course, appear
in QST usual
If you are not an appointee aiul wish to take
part, send us a &a.s.e. for CD Party forms. The
object iS to work as many other participant* as
possible on as many bands ax possible in as many
sections as possible. You get a bonus for having a
code proficiency certificate, so this may be some-
thing to look into between now and July (see
activities balendar for dates of Qualifying Runs).
OPERATING EVENTS (Dates in GMT)
MAY JUNE
This is pretty close to a rejuvenation of the
ARRL Member parties we had for a time back in
the forties, If it's a successful venture, no telling, it
may be expanded, . .
Surprises. The League's operating program has a
little hit of everything (and a lot of some things),
but two of our awards come as unsolicited sur-
prises to the recipients. Pleasant surprises, too, for
who wouldn't be pleasantly surprised to receive a
certificate that said he is considered an A-l
Operator, ur one which said he is considered to
Imve rendered a public service during a communi-
cations emergency. Neither one of these awards is
the type wliich is worked for (specifically, any-
way), solicited or expected, in fact, in case of A-i,
to ask foi one is a good way to assure you will
never receive one. As for the PISA, this is kept more
or less under wraps and issued on a low priority,
"when time permits51 basis, and requests of "when
do 1 get my award?" are dealt with in a somewhat
peremptory maimer.
"The Public Service Award," says the letter of
transmittal, "is not the type of award that is
specifically worked for, asked for or expected. It
comes as a spontaneous recognition of outstanding
work by individual amateurs during communi-
cations emergencies. It should give you deep
satisfaction to know that the type of work you
have done best exemplifies, the spirit which makes
amateur radio a valuable asset to the public and to
the nation."
The A-l Operator award is not given just for
operating skill any more than a good driver award
is given for skill in handling a car. Knowing the
rules, following the proper recommended pro-
cedure and exercising exemplary judgment and
courtesy are also things that are considered. Any-
JULY

3 VE2 Contest cw, Apr. 3 W60WP Qualifying Run 2 Qualifying Run, W60WP
Sta. Act. 6 Minn. QSO Party, Sta. 11-12 Open CD Party, cw
7 W60WP Qualifying Run Act. 16 WXAW Qualifying Run
9 FMT« OOs only 6-7 European Field Day t 16-19 Open CD Party, phone
9-11 Ga. QSO Party, Sta. Act. How's DX
10 Russian Contest phone. 10 W1AW Qualifying Run Sept, 12-13 VHF QSO Party
How's DX 13-14 VHF QSO taty, this
12 W1AW Qualifying Run issue
Oregon QSO Party Possible WGOWP alternate,
16 Armed Forces Day £4-20 Worked* All-Mass. Cities same schedule, is W6ZRJ
16-17 Mich. QSO Party, Sta. and Towns Contest
Act. and Mass. Week
Cert if., this iasue
27-26 Field Day, this issue

May 1970 89

S B DXCC
No. 12 -
No. 13 -
J VimmMM e > f ' i I I I
No.14 -
|1 ' 'I
No. 15 -
No. 16 -
^^.oxtc^j No, 17 -
No. 18 -
No. 19 -
No.20 -
one who asks for an A-l Operator Award fails on
the basis of judgment and courtesy, It just isn't
done, you know.
When informed of the existence of an award, the
average award seeker who is used to working long,
hard hours iu pursuit of hi* DXCC or his WAS or
his code proficiency certificate, or otherwise ex-
tending himself in various ways, will feci somewhat
frustrated in not knowing just how to "get" one.
You donl go out after an A-l or Public Service
award They are spontaneous recognitions of what
you are or what you did. You don't go around
pointing out to people what a topnotch operator
you are or what a wonderful service you performed
in an emergency. You don't fume and fuss because
someone else got such an award while you, who
deserves it a great deal more, were overlooked,
forgotten or snubbed. You just continue being the
kind of amateur who could be considered for such
an award* and forget about it, eventually, perhaps
virtue will triumph. Perhaps not. In any event, you
will surely have the inner satisfaction of knowing
that your demeanor "best exemplifies the spirit
. - • even if no one . , " officially tells you so.
Material rewards don't always come to the deser-
ving; who knows, perhaps a heavenly award awaits
you.
Changes in FMT Procedures. Pour times each
year, W1AW transmits a frequency measuring test
(FMT) designed to give Official Observers and
others an opportunity to check their frequency
measuring skilL OOs in Classes 1 and M are required
to submit measurements within certain rather
moderate tolcrances twice annually in order to
OH2YV retain their classifications, or in order to qualify
K4HXF
for appointment in these classes. Non-OOs, who
K6KA
measure "just for the heck of it," have also used
W6NJU the transmissions extensively.
W3MFW
In the distant past, only the February md
W4GK
September FMTs have been open to all comers, the
W2PV
May and November transmissions being announced
11 AMU to OOs only. On the other hand, anyone who
I1ZV submitted a reading was mailed a detailed, graded
report on his performance as compared with the
official measurement.
Effective with the September FMT. we are
opening all Four FMTs to anyone who wishes to
participate. For OOs, and prospective OOs, read-
ings from any two of the four FMTs per year will
be sufficient for qualification. For all others the
tests will be "practice" except for once a year
when any nun-uimmercial frequency-measuring
enthusiast may participate in an "Honor Ron"
competition, the results to he run in QST.
This procedure will commence with the Septem-
ber FMT this year, and this will be the first "Honor
Roll" transmission. Approximate frequencies and
further details will be announced in August QST.
Any entries received after the announced deadline
(approximately two weeks after the run) will be
ineligible, because at that time W1 AW will transmit
the official measurements in the form of a special
bulletin. 0 0 (and prospective OO) reports will be
graded and reported (with a copy to the SCM) as
usual. These and all other reports will then he
tabulated, in order of average accuracy,, in an
Honor Roll QST listing, with a cutoff point at
some still-to-be-determined percentage, and printed
in the first available i**uc or QST - probably the
December issue.
The other FMTs (Feb., May and November) will
continue to be available for 0 0 qualification but
will be "practice" to the rest of you. The official
measurements will be transmitted over W1AW a
couple of weeks after the test and published in the
first available issue of QST (probably May, Aug,
and Feb, respectively).

ARRL CERTIFIED A T 35-W.P.M. - JANUARY TO DECEMBER 1969

WAICUN* WB2SMD* W41G* KfilH W BBC AC W0CJG
W1DOX K2S0L R4MD W6JPW W8DEW WA0CWH/KP4
K1DLG W3CN* W40X* WB6NXK* W8*F WpHP
WA1GXC* WA3HS1* W4SM W60NL krmyu* W0IB*
WIIAU* WA3JYB W4TYE K60T W9BHV* W0KB
kiifj* WA3KZS VV5DF/3 W6QMC K9DDA* WA0PRL*
K1 ZVU/W6KFV WA3LAK* W5KHN W6RBK* WASHHH* WA0RLQ*
W2BAX* WA3LNL* W5KFN* WB6VGF WA9LAE* WA0SRJ
W2CLQ* KJTVK WsQGZ* WB6WQH W9RTP* WA0STJ
W2GRD* WA4AGT WASQQHW7DUV WA9UAW W0UCE/3
WA2IA0 K4BSS/4* W6BEC* W7MHD WA9VZM VE2BPT
K2QDN K4CR W6FD K7NHV* W9ZTK* VF3VH*
W2QIP* W4HHN* W6IG W7S0T1/W7DSJ W0BV PY2BKO

Eugene Merkel John Penaz

Silver Spring, Md. West Allis. Wis.
* Endorsement sticker

90 QST for
 C S N T U S Y € L U B A W A R D S Q

lTion February I [970, through F«*nury 28, l?7(l, DXCC certificate* baaed or conlatrU with 100-ur-motc vuuntrt«
have been iwued by the AKR1, Hetdqnarterc to the nitatfeur* listed. The three columns at the right *hnw ixuianCB*
for Hiltotetephone operation.

Tfem tmfau

UI/7BU Wy K7JB 107 IJB6NU io* W6KUC WA7CVB 190 D1.9VH !U6
OHSZD 314 UVWAl} lift VEtAEJ 109 mi2zn sro rviHT uv HBGC 10b
WB2IEC 213 WAfUYR 107 CE9BC 101 01*7 BQ 174 WS1HD LIB LVSWV 104
KttQq 1 bl JARQN 106 UMUlf MM rzgu XhH KS9Z L14 WA7IOY 104
tfftGFlj 148 OB5AS 1i>b K3PPB un UK2TIB 14S W7NML 112 HK4BNC 102
DJQJK 143 WA2GWX 104 SM7AMV 101 CT1BT 141 DJ3PY 111 WfftPM IOH
IIWtUK 137 E4QCL 1U3 WAHC7l>K IOI K^ttN/ 14U WA^LVJC 1 lu ZSBAR 10H
7PMAB JSft K0I.11K ins X90DZ 100 IX^K l»fi WHYON no (iUVNT 109
WAJYVK 12$ WWFD 103 KP4DCR 1110 VB6I&I 199 VEtARN lOti C/WKWK 109
I'KtilC At m in* OK3KG4 MX» VB3KWK tV3 WbMKi IM VK5EF lou
JA1ANP 144 WftPCW 103 5P6BAA 100 WA9VVK 121 W9CML lin |lil>
WA3HSQ W4WSX 1<J3 WAXUXY IIJ" JA6CNL 190 WBDXI H>7 WHQV7, mo
KKIIUJO 199 WA4MMO 10* W9M0M 10U U W0IK Idi) *:titz I0A W9QUM 100
l»*ATO ISL WAfifKZ !08 WAZDNO (00 VE3£WQ m Wpi.N UM
WA7CYB 121 WU0SVA WllSZPW IIKI
KKrc'V 1 Jtt WA7H1T 108 W3BBB 1 IM>
JASAUS U3 Wft^NY 11)11
K tUPB tlx 7.HbWtj 1M WA6QCK Jotr
ODfVAP US Z&6AB 2 US WA5QPA |0l>
WSDKI It 1 JA7TI IU St W7DVQ LOO hiidtcements Isgoed for confirmations credf ted from Frfoiiiry I
W4RMB 111 K4A&J 109 WBHAKW |(ll> I97<l, through t-ebniaiy listed helm, fcnduncment
PV1MCZ J 09 K9ZMB 1D2 WHlOCl 100 tiding* from the 120 through 34(1fcvcfarc in increments 20,
DJSVC HIT YU7LAK 10U from 250 through ^OQJncft-mcnte nr 10, andahove 3(H),of 5.
lotah siicro n do not ncctturily repreaent Ae exact credit* hu t
<mly that the cn<U»ncmcnt level has bacn icaihctLFrmT wrfumru
cm tbe fight oiver radiotelephone*
345 270 220 3111 2AIJ WttGNN wacDi.
WtMDO WA1I.1C T1WL weisy W*YL>U
Wft Bfi K4IEX WtZJJ XSftVy W4FOO
VfcAKWY WH7.UH K4 IjT. WHVHY 200
320 W4WVT WZBfiK KKKftX 3U5 VV41M C'TIUA 140
KttKJI Ml WAAU WA2BHJ WA2HSX PY9PC i'TI UK ClEtF
W«JRQ K4GN4 WB6DXU WASllOV YiK'iAMCi 250 KHCMO K4TKJ
KWJK WHlfA WA 31111V WftltRR 300 K4RQ* K0G8V UA ®TT
J IS < »7.KrtS WtiljMA WA*AU% K«UYQ WA4TSP WlHAti
ZMiYQ SMHCKU IbO oKlAflM W7KPA VE7JK
f20 WKKPC1 WBMEL WMN
JIU L'AUIL DLBQP HftflZE Yuauv WA90AE1 WAMim W2AUO
tiftKHD 25U opiums Ut'tV.
MI
YV4QQ WASHliV
OH7K) 21)0 IVICIJX ZK1U0
UKJA DM iJOrtGU K^KCiK nawp WRAC
WttiPW UPO Ktf&FV 28(1 240 IR0 wegMA
KV1HTX KHHKJ KJtuMO HRIKAS JttI WHYFK
IDS W7RI ECL7JDO <>K2I>B WhHTY WBfiUJO
mcoo W8MJK vK&egA OZ4H WftTWA I2<1
WA4TOR W9YGN PYttKBl• 220 YABftU i'TlftJ
2<*l» WAMtBT WK2IUJK WAKPJW K2QOU YIT30V <TIBR
I1»B 240 140 WB2HZU WCJNM ,>70 fc>UJK J Ml KaHHJ
iMaCT .IAIFDU iibuf WB2IBJ WjUIMX SliWATN OB I MEW K4BBK W4HI1K
AV K2QOU JA1AKH VMACU WASTtoX KZdl^N W A4DWK
K4TSJ WKFBM MO WB2TWOU WB2PMK VK»KK WAftROU
1W1 £M0BTB WH1HO MNttK
H'ftgHS SM6KV KhYMY WKYMH W6FZJ W3ABS W1 HO A WA^U^K
OH2BW Vfc'lE ZD K0DN K1WHU
WIDRN'B KbYKK
WWil'V WAIKIO vf.W:RA
W UN

This w not an extensive revision of our present announcement of this is ox will be made several
procedure, but we hope will make the FMTs more months in advance.
generally available »nd useful to the fraternity. - Selected text for practice is also indicated
W1NJM.
monthly for specific nights. If this issue, for
Qualifying Run and Code Practice Schedules. example, arrives much after the first of the month
From time to time a rash of correspondence (way things are going right now you'll be Lucky if it
indicates a particular area needs further clarifica-
tion. This past winter quite a few questions were
received along with the following line: ' T h e
Wl AW code proftcicncy information in QST arri-
ved after the qualifying runs- Can't we get word on S B WAS
this sooner?" No. 1 - W1AX
Short of increasing the efficiency of po&tal No. 2 - W4IC
deliveries (which looks doubtful at this writing!), No. 3 - K9LBQ/7
steps have long sincc been taken to alleviate this No. 4 - W6ISQ
problem hy If&ting the qualifying run date* for
No. 5 - W8YEK
both WlAW and W60WP in the "Activities Calen-
No. 6 - K0GJD
dar" for a 3-month period. In addition to this
month, for example, dates are shown for the next No. 7 - KH6SP
two niunths. Frequencies and times change very
seldom from run to run. and when or if they do

May 1970 91
arrives at aJl!), you need not worry because the 9:30 P,M.fcDSTMWF 01 .«> 1ThS.it
20J 5 <i:30P.M. PUS'I
specific dates mentioned start about ten days into
the month. For checking purposes, every W1AW 9:U0 A.Mr EDS J' TTh I3W> TTh
M)0 A.M.PDST
practice tape starts out with a reference to the
source. The tapes are run several times over a The 0130 GMl luartjcr i* omitted four rimes a year on
designated nights when l<requcfli:y Measuring Test* are inaifc in
period of years before being discarded - WIYYM. this period. To permit improving y<uir flxt hy wndmjt in Uvp
with WI AW jbut not over the nirtj. and to allow checking the
ARRL CDDF PROFICIENCY PROGRAM accuracy of vour cupv on certain tapes t"«tc the t*MT date* and
Quaiifyirut Rutu rexts to be sent in the UiJU iiMT prnvtice on the following
date?:
Any perron can applyfaran AKKL. uide piyhcienry owsrd.
Neither l.e*gue membership nor iin aowtw license is tc<|turcd MaDate y 11:
Subject or practice text from March QS7
It Seems to II*. p.*
Surtd copiei of all qualifying runs lo AKKL. for KraJinp. stating May 19: An Engineer s Humana Receiver, p. J1
the tall oF the station you copied, if you quality dt mur »if the
six fipeedi transmitted (LP-35 wpnu you wJH rewKe 4 certificate. M ay 27; High Versus Low Antennae p. 2u
If yonr initial qualification is for a tpevd below 35 Vrpuu you June 4; Amateur Radio Public Servicc. p, 52
may try later for i-ndorwnieflt stickersfcmhmonth the AKKL Diite Suhiwt ot Practice lextfromUndtrstvndtnf
.Vetivirtei C'alendar notes the uuohfymg run du te* lot WI AW and Amateur 1. First tuition
WtiOWP (WAZRJ, alternate) for the coming 3-month period. June*: Capacitor Type?, p. J2i
June H: Tiiowl rimilt?, p. 1
WI AW will simultonc»ii*Ty transmit a qualifying run un I ,bc>5
Xs2 7 1)2 14,02 21.07 28,02 50*02 ami 145.6 MHz. uf 0130
IrMT Mty 12, (in cntivrrting, 0130 GMT May 12be«>me£2l30
l-IJST May 11.)
WftOWP (W62RJ. alternate; will traiwiut a qualifying run un
tfvn and 71kH/ f (WOO GMT May 7. iin converting, 0400
iiMTMay 7 become* 2Tni) PORT May 6 9 PD MEMBERS
Code Practice
W1AW transmit* daily code practice diuunJin? to the follow-
tng schedule. For practice purposes* the order of words in ea<Ji OFFTHERJW02
Mnr may he «wrwd daring the 5-1J wpm transmiblons. ditchANPJbWlDApRY
tape inirie* a LherVtr* ri^n-rence.l
Besusowntw
Xpr <NV/ Hmro/c/iv « G.W ttmes/tfoys
10,1 i j 5 7; 30 P.M. tlXST dady 233H daily
4:30 KM PUS J
Str-'i.lU, tt.*»P.M.r:DST SnMh IH^O MWF811
13.20.25 6:3uP.M.PL)ST !*t
9:00 A.M.fcJJSTMWl" 1 Kin MWF
ft.lKJ AJM'lttr

W1AW SCHEDULE, MAY 1970

The ABRL MuLm MemoriaJ Station weiwines visitant. Oper»tiasc-viiijtin|! hoars an Monday through FrUay
1 F.M.-1 i.ii. ED8T, Saturday 7 p.m.-IUJO a-m. KUdT and Sunday 3 11:00 r.u. ED8T. The station address
it 225 Main Street, Newinston, Conn,, about 7 miles south of Hartford, A map ebowing local street detail will be
mat upon request. The station will be aimed May 2i», in obasrvanea of Memorial Day.
fS'ttlKtoV Monday Tuesday W*rin*day Thundap Friday Saturday
•
0000 •»»iit
0020-0030* 14.020 3.700* 14.020 7.150" 14s020
0080 14.1003.700® 14.100 7.1fi0« 14.100
0100 Pbone-OBS*
0105-0180* ^ 3.620 50.120 14M00 X.H2Q
0180 ^ CODE PRACTICE DAILY1 (35** 14 wpm TThSftt), (5*2S wpen MWPSa)
0280-0300* 1.805
0800 RTTY-OBS* < &TT7-OB8P'
0810-0880* • r * » > I I t Ik 2U25 14.096 7.0M 14.005 3*626
Phone-OBtt*'
0386-0400* Phoii®-OBfi« 7.220 7.220 3.820 7.2S0
0400 i & •<f
0420-0430 I I I 1 » 1t
CW-OB8 3.700s 7.020 R.94A 7,160® 8.620
0480-0500 II < '«*• I I 3.700s
I I i7.080
I 7.160® 3.655
1300 < • -CDPR PHACTICE1 (5-25 wpm MWF), (35-15 wpm TTh)
1700-1800 ... 21/2* Zl/28* 31/28^ 21/289
1900-2000 . . . 14.280 7.266 14.280 7.256 £4.280
2000-2100 14,100 14.280 14.095 2T/38* 7JQ8Q
3200-2300 . a.. 21/29* 21,100® 21/28® 7.256 14.280
S300-2330 i < i 11 •»» J i > • • • • • •. i • * <. RTTY OBb^i^ »*« ••SB.*,
CODE PRACTICE DAILY110-13-15 w.p.m.
'Utf OBtiOmUetint, 18\7pm^ncl thecodepraetic«OQ 1.805,3.52,7.02,1442,21.02,28.02,50.02rud 145.5 MHs.
* Phone UBS (bulletins) 1.82,3.82,7.22,14.22, 21.27, 28.62, 50.12r and 146.5 MHx,
• KTTT OBS (hulletlaa) 3.8^6, 7jm t 14.095, 21.096 and 28.006 Mill.
* Starting tino approximate. < derating period follows concluiaoo. of bulletin or etxi* practiM.
® OperationtfUlbeonone of thft following fr*^a«DcLe«: 21.02* 21.08,21.27,21.41,28.02 or 28.62 Mlfi.
* WIAW will listen in thn MovienaAgtnonUfor JNTovifiea, on the band indicated, transmitting on bh» frequency shown.
7 Bulletins sent mth 170-Hert* shift, repeated with 850-Uerts shift.
Maintenance kUatf; Wis Q1H W PR, * Timee-day# in OMT. Operating frequencies are approximate.
 tatio ctivitie
Apr. report in Ju^y QST. WA3IJR made BPL again. W30P0, former
Air f o r c e MARS SMD for Maryland-aC., oonvalesrmg from
surgery, wrote us a nkx long letter about amateur and MARS
• All operating amateur* are invited to
activities. W3TN missed « lot o f Valentine's Day and Florida State
report to the SCM on the fir»t of each Fair traffic ^ u a e his rig got laryngitis and he couldn't find a cure
month, covering station activities for the for it. Goddard ARC club station, WA3NAN, is on the air with an
preceding month* Radio Club n e w is Nt'-200; WA3WJM is station mgr. W3HXF has his Advanced Class
also desired by SCMs for inclusion in ticket and a lifetime membership in A R R L . W3ECP says K3E1HP,
these columns. The addresses of all formerly of Mitchellville, is nc»w settled in his Gibsunu, Pa^ OTH.
SCM* will be found on page 6* W3HLK is Improving slowly *fter another stay in tlie hospHal.
WA3NNG lirtTfc heen trun^emd to PenKola, Fla. K3NC:M and
WN3KBU cliceked in, QRU tor Feb. W3CD0 got back from Jamaica
and blonds in time for the OOTC and Y U O M Contest W3ZSR
ATLANTIC DIVISION continues restoration of his station and now has a T5S-3B and a 3L
"short beam** for 40 meters. WA3NGL/3 pused his Advanced Claa
DELAWARE - SCM, Jnhn Penmd, K3NYG - SEC/PAM:
exam and operated from the Naval Academy for the CW DX Test.
W3DKX. RM: W3EEB. Appointment renewal*. WA3KM 1 as 0 1 $
W3FA *ny* there's nothing better tban a CW DX Test in tail swing
and K3KAJ ax ORS. Advanced notice: The Delaware Hamfest will
tn make an O U de-bug his rig and antenna system fast. WA3AJR has
be held at Banning Ruk* mar Wilmington on A u ^ 16. WA3KFR ha*
become an KCARS enthusiast and is also working on a neu R A I T
been appointed ORS. W3RDS5 Is hack im the j o b serving as one o r
ifn. WA3KOP and uther Antxetam A R C members toured WHAG-
the top 0 0 s in the country, K3JLY and Mr*, ore proud parent* o f
T V ; Hub bUtion W3CWC now has a Clegg 22er, W3EOV keeps busy
twins. W3I-EG is having a hall working r>X while on vacation in
operating in public service nets, WA31YS and other R 1 T Y stations
Arizona. W3TRC it to be complimented mi his ability to quickly
are operating a tratTIc net on J4.0WI MHz Sat. at <23307. W3GKP
(.hang* modes during the St'T to take traffic. W3DKX h preparing
received and positively identified ninon-rvtlected signals or? "2
his new Ford for mo biting on all bunds. K3UHU is active again on 6
MHz from W4fniK for the first timr on EcK 17. The h'ounibtmn
meters, Held Day is near* fellows. How about coin* into it in a big
for Amateur Radio is actively pursuing a program for improving the
\\'4Y by paiticipating with your local radio club'.1 Traffic: 0 T e h j
p-owth of amateur radio. K3TJF. reports that Caw tat ARC now has
W3DKX 33, W3PM 27, K.3NYG 20, WA3DUM 11, W3TRC
club station WA3LOS on the air with an SB-301 and an S1M01 in
WAJItl-R L U a n . j K3KAF 24.
Clarksburg, Md. Many thanks to W3LDD for a fine joh ** She: for
EASTERN P E N N S Y L V A N I A - SCM. George S. Van Dyke, J u almost three His neighbor, W A 3 ( j X N , ts laying in a supply of
W3HK - SEC: W3ICC, R M c W3fcML, K 3 M V 0 . W3MPX, PAWs: evtra S-rnvtcrs mid grounding nN pots and pons in anticipation of the
K3PS0. WA3GL1, VHF HAM; W t t c i g . 0 0 reports w e f t received day Walt completes his new SB-2?n linear and starts chasing DX.
from W3KEK, K3RDT, WA31UV. K3HNP; OBS reports from Traffic: WA31YS 545, WA3TJR 27ft, W3EZT91, K U.FD 88, W31-A
WA3HGX, WA3MKQ, WA3FMT, IVN3LU, W A J A M , WA3ELC, 39, R3GZK 37, WA3EOP 35, W3FQY 31. W 1 W P 1<*% WA.KtXN
W3CRH, WA3JK0. W A M l f V ; OVS iv|iurts from W A 3 N V 0 , WA3- 28, W3TN 25, W3EOV 20, WA3LKJ 20, W3/NW IK, WA3MV 17,
BJO, K3WEU, W3ZRR, TVA310B, WA3JLAZ, WA3HGX, WA3MCK. W3HAX 16, K 3 L F N 16. W3PRC 12, K3QDC 11, WA3AJR 3,
ftPLers: W3EML, W3MPX, WA3IOB, WA3HB1, WN3LE1. WA3FM1. W3GEB1,
Those nuking PSHR are W3MPX, K3MV0, W3EML, WA3FM1,
K 3 0 I 0 , W3NNL. SOUTHERN NEW JHRSFY ^ SC!M, Charles F. Travers, W2YPZ
Vrr Operate* Qm QTC RMtPAM « SEC: W L V ^ V , RMs: WA2KIP t WA2BLV. PAM%: W2ZU WA2-
b. PA 3610 ft: 4< P Dy 340 WJMPX UVB. Gary Gibilisco* 15. a ntudent at the Steinat Jr. H,S. in
PITN jcsin on p r>y MM u s w.mrx Hamilton Square, is now ORS and passed the Advanced Class exam.
KFN .Wtfi P M-fr 33S KJl'Stt
ikM'&TN ,W|7 6.00 P Dy J4tt 230 WAJtif! Gary is a regular chec1c<in to the NKPT Net, WA2WI.N, a senior at
Novice BO J72« JO P Dy 75 40 WAJJBV Drexel m Phila. was reappointed ORS and plans renewed cw Activity
Novice 40 7170 4T(HI P Dy 114 3R4 WN3LKI beginning with spring activities. WH2GDY recently was appointed
W3DXC, W31DQ and W3ls* are j l l in W3EOS* power squadron OPS and ORS. Ralph is 16 year* of age, a student at Nakomis
•:las*. We ought to hear <ome airmobile* soonf W3EML reports TCC School in Mcdford Lakes, N.J., and holder uf an Advanced Class
holding its own. WN3I Itt is a busy Novice. KJMVO is now just as license. WB2DRG made the Jan. Honor Roll with the following
busy as before retiring. WA3IHV is half vntv to DXCC. W A 3 A T Q score: (1) 10 pts, 12) 5 ptsr f f t 16 pt*> l5» M pts. for a total of 43
xtlll is busy with long liauJ. W30UL and W3VR arc basking in the pts. KHJLt totalled 18 pts. toward the Jan. Honor Roll. This is
Florida xnn but pounding out traffic al] the time. WA3Cl«U ami e&a»dingly good for wc must remember that Dave carries a full
V A 3 K A C are teaching «>dc and theory at Penn State. Glad to hear college ML-hedule at Princeton, U. OBS K Z A R Y cuntirrae* to serve
WA3CKSb X Y L is » f f the sick IttL WA31NC, now with USN, will tmr jrea with a tiammission of League Bulletins. Recauw of
check into nets when he can. K3HNS, W3WJ1) and W A 3 F F R made ^assures of one sort or anofhor some nf our members ilnd it
1300 phone contacts in the DX lest. W3JbT is now W3YQ. The impossible to be with us as often as they wnuld like. However, they
two Novicr nets have new WA3JSV on 80 and WN3LE1 plan to be back as soon as conditions permit. Among these are
on 40. The buys are trying hajd v> give them some encouragement. K2SHK, WA2DNF, W2ZI, W21SZ. W T O and WA21CB. i h e
Not much reported this month; how about giving me nomc news to South Jersey Radio Assn. has been affiliated with A K R L for 50
publish? Traffic: lFeb.> W3FMI. R27, W3MPX 579, WN3LEI 273, yean as of Apr. 1, 1970- W2PFV, NfcPTN mgr., reports QN1 616,
K3MVO 272. W A 3 L A K 1K9, WA31UB 179. WA3HBT 171, K 3 P l t traffic 412 In 28 sessions for Feh. WA2ANI, although loeated in
171, WA3FM1 156, W A 3 M K 0 1511. K3010 l i f t , WA3AFJ 100. New York State, now is a regular rheck-in in the NFPT Net. Traffic:
WA3IHV 75» W3I1K 73, K3HNP T K WA3UL1 67. WA3JGN 62. a eb.i WB2VE1 143. W2P1.1 WR2<il)Y M l K2RXB 35, W2BLM
W3NNL Kt, W A 3 A T 0 51, WA3JZR 47, WA3GUK 45, WA3HGX 25, W2YPZ 23, WB2bJL 12, WB2Sf l \ WH2ZQ 4, WB2HMU 3,
45, WA3C1-U 44, W3HNK 40 ( W3VAP 37, W3AIZ 25. K 3 Y V G 23, 1V2IU 3, W20RS 2. (Jan.b m Z Q 3-
K 3 K K 0 19, W3CBH IK, WA3CKA 17. WA3IYC 12, \V3iSX 10.
WKSTERN NF.W Y O R K M, Richard M. Pitzeruae. K 2 K T K
IV3YR K, W 3 A D t 74 W3LPC 7. WA3UCK 6, W3BNR 5, WA3JKO 4.
Asst. SCM: Rudy M. Fhrhsrdt, W2PV1. SJiC: W2RUF. Renewwd
WA3NVO 4k WJCL 3, X 3 F 0 B 3. WA3BJQ 2, W3ICC 2, K30KN 2,
appointment: K2ACQ as OVS. The NY PON has added a cw session
K3RNS I . WA3CMD J, WA3EEC 1. W3E0 K W A 3 I A Z WA31NC.'
with WA2CAL as net mgr. It meets daily on 3790 kHz at b:30 P.M.
I. WA3IUV 1, W3KEK 1, W 3 Y 0 I . UanJ WA31IBT 175, K M Y
luoal time. Other scctjon nets are listed in this column in Feb. QST
7fi.W3WX 1 1 (
WXXE-TV, Roclatster, previewed the new A K R L Tdm " A Hams
M A R Y L A N D - WSTRJCT OF COIXTMBIA SCM, Juhn Wide World" on Apr. 7. WB2YRF is feverishly working on his
Munlwlland. K3LFD - SFrr W3LOY. PSHR (Feb.): WA3IYS, mobile rig. W2KMW ss having a bit of receiver trouble that it putting
\V3k/l Appointments: W3LQY usSFC, W3GEB and WA3LWf as •i crimp In his DX style. WB2NZA is going bavk to Northeastern U.
OKS<> \\'\MIV as OPS. Lndorscmcntx^ W^f'A ORS and RM, for more learning. WA2AJV report* the SKT most interesting
WA3GUI as ORS. The traffic net xuttiinaj'y publuhed monthly despite blowing up the tig on it. W2RUF terms the SI. T a disaster in
her^ofore will now he published quarterly commencing with tile itself. K2RXG, t am told, is doinp a commendable iob on N V P 0 N .
W i C j r P s p o k e at t h e W C A R S m e e t i n g a t S A R O C . W N 2 E W C paaed the F e K meeting o f Yori R a d i o Q u b . W A 9 R S K is w i n n e r o f th

W * O n c r a l a n d will be Q R V f o r skeds f r o m rare W y o m i n g C o u n t y , J » c k B e n n y C o n t e s t w i t h 4 3 9 b a m y e a r s in 6 6 c o n t a c t s . W9AUC

Bob i v looking for an Alaska station to t u i n p t e t e taw W A S . As K90RP and K9GXR arc the n e w officers of the Central llUnoi

difficult M it m a y b e t o c o m p r e h e n d , W 2 F R fa n o w o n v » b ! T m i g h t Radio Club tBIoomington). WN9ZFR is now WA9ZFK. 1h

add. though, that Howie fort completed working the necessary C h i c a g o Suburban R a d i o Association U a m h o r c e was a n F B tucccs

goodies f o r 5-band D X C C - all o n c w , W 2 B L P haft h i m s e l f a n e w and many an eye-ball W O was held b y the p o g . !1» Wheatoi

Signal/One, WB2MWZ, a relative newcomer to WNY, h doing a Community Amateurs had a superb program on Atom Sintfshci

magniflwnt j o b a s NC-S o n NYSPTFN. W2RUK uuuld like hear given b y W 9 E f c K tft its l a t e m e e t i n g . T h e n e w o l f l c c r r o f t h e S i

from hams in Alleghany, Chenango, Clinton, Kine*. Herkimer* C l a i r C o u n t y A R C a w W A 9 R T P , W A 9 Y B A , W A 9 C E O , W 9 T R 0 aru

I L c v i n ^ t o n , Otsego, Scfooharfc, Schuyler, Seneca, Washington, W B 9 A X G . W A 9 T U M a n d W A 9 T V J passed ( h e A d v a n c e d Class test

Wyoming Y a t e * C o u n t / f o r w o r k In N Y S C N a n d A R K ? . W2HYM and W N 9 A Y L is n o w a C t o i e r a l Class Itccnaee. K 9 K L A U v u c a t t o n i n

w

a ltd W 2 F T G arc n e w O R S s . K 2 P V N r e p o r t * t h e G o w a n d a A m a t e u r i n s u n n y F l o r i d a . W A V L F 1 1 h a s a c c e p t e d t h e u t f i c e n t < ivfT D e f c n i

R a d i o G r o u p U progressing w i t h its frn r e p e a t e r N Y S handled 540 Officer of UcWitt County and City of Clinton. Glad tn thi

m e s s a g e s w i t h 6 6 7 c h e c k - I n s i n F e b . L S S h a n d l e d 2%ti message* w i t h S t a r v e d R o c k C l u b ' s M a t t r a g a i n In p r i n t . W B 9 A O F M a n e w c a l l Ii

4*1 d i f f e r e n t stations* o n Ha roster. W o u l d l i k e t o Hear t i o m m o r e o f Batavia» New NOVICCH f r o m Synton A R C s V L a r e WN9PXX

you trafiii'kcrs, hoth phone and cw, for the individual station WN9DKA, WN90KB, W N 9 D K C and W N 9 D K D . W 9 E Y wurked hi

l i s t i n g s . D o n ' t f o r g e t t h e R o c h e s t e r H a m f e s f OH M a y lb. HPl this f i r s t J A s o n 4 0 metersL W 9 P V D has h i s S B - 1 0 1 f i n i s h e d a n d o n thi

month go to rialw&rfe W20K and W A 2 C A L . ARPSC Honor Roll: ritr. W A O M L G / 9 h a s a c c e p t e d a p o s i t i o n w i t h M o t o r o l a . W ^ I X K ; »

W2s, E T R, M T A , R U P , « C ; WA2s, ICU, D H S . C A L ; K2s, K I R , KTK. bavfc o n ( h e nets a f t e r a short hospital visit. T r a f f i c ; i t c h . ) K9AVC

Traffic: ihcb.J W A 2 C A L 573, W 2 F R 324, W 2 0 C 239, W 2 R U I * 200, 44H. W 9 N X G 306, W A 9 W N H / 9 266, W 9 F V J 176, W A « M I J ; J 9 13«

W 2 0 f c 17T, W 2 H S B J.ffl, W A 2 I C U 138. K 2 K 1 R 1 2 5 . W 2 H Y M 119, WA9Z11E 93, W 9 H 0 T 72, W 9 J X V 69. W9FHJ 64, W9LN0 64

W2MTA 1 1 2 . W B 2 1 1 L 1 7 0 . W B 2 V N D 61, W 2 M 5 M 6U, W A 2 C U Z 46. W9RJN 55, W 9 F L E 4 1 , W 9 D O Q 4 0 , W A 9 T 0 C 35, W A 9 B R 0 33

W2RQ1- 45. W A 2 A J V K2UIR 26, K2KTK. 21. K2DNN 12, WA9NZF 30, K9RA5 WvYH 20, W9LDU 14, K 9 H S K 12

K2IMI 12. K20FV 12, WA2IYB 11, W2FVI 11, W2DBU % W ^ P R N 12. WA92PL W B V A J B 2 . <Jnn.) K 9 R A S 2 3 -

WB2NZA % W2PZL % WA2GLA 7( W2RUT 7, W B 2 Y K Y 7,

W A 2 I L E 5 „ W f i 2 O T j 4 , W 2 C F P 2 , (Jan.'i W A 2 A N L WB2FPG 4, INDTANA - SCM, William C Johnson, W 9 B U 0 - SEC: W 9 i r
T o t a l 2740. Last year 3894. PAMs: K9CRS, W A 9 0 H X , W9PMT (vhn. RMs: W A 9 W M T , W9Fc;
W9HRY.
WESTERN PhNNS Y L V A N I A - SCM, G.R- Stonebumer, WA3AKH
.Ver Frrq* 7>w Ftb>Tfc.
- SliC: W3KPJ. P A M : W 3 W F R , K 3 Z N P . RMsi W A 3 A K H , W3KUN, IPN 3910 13007 Oy 3300 M-F 2Sb WA90HX
W 3 L O S , W 3 N E M . T r a f f i c rets; KS&N> 2330 G M T ; W P A . 0000CUT l^N 3910 0 0 0 0 7 T « S 3 f JO M - 8 406 K9C. R 5
35K5 k l l z ; WPP, ( W K I G M T 7955 k H z . W 3 C J Y announces that the
QIN 30S6 o i o o z h y 290 WA9WMT
Flaxold L i n k W 3 S I R M e m o r i a l A w a r d f o r 1969 will b e presented t o
TON 3910 17A$Z Mm, 230 WA9YXA
W 3 Y A , w i t h h n n n m h l e m e n t i o n t o K J V Y O , T h e P e n n S t a t e A R C ts PUN VHF 5a7 O l o o r H * 0200 1(1*5 W8VAM8
sponsoring c t a i f o r those interested in a tint license or i» Hoosiei V H F 50.179 1U4 W9PMT
upgrading. T h e N e w K e n s i n g t o n C a m p u s o f Penn S t a t e U. ho* a c l u b I n d . P O N V E T F N e t Is o n e v e r y e v m l m c U l O O a n d 0 2 0 0 Z n n 5 0 . 1 7 5
station w i t h t h e call W A 3 N 1 M . W 3 T Q N graduated f r o m Penn. tab. •jsb, 5 0 . 2 5 0 , 5 0 , 7 a i n . N e w o f f i c e r * o f the Hoosicr Kilt H a m Club,
with a I s U - l a u r a d i o t e l e p h o n e license, A g r o u p o f v h f enthusiasts Inc., arc R9BI01. pres.; K9RTK* noo-pres.; WA91F/-, Miny.:
IsaU t o c a r r y stniuc o f its g e a r u p t h e hill t o o p e r a t e W 3 K W H d u r i n g W9CNL. teas.; K9B<jF, chmn. W9FUO. 01N Net Mgr^ Iftt fur
t h e Jan. w n t e s t . W 3 F V W b w o r k i n g o u t w e l l w i t h his n e w Swan N a t i o n a l G u a r d M a r . 3 for six m o n t h ' s training. W 9 E G Q is o i r r n e w
270. N o t e there, hamfest dates: Breewsbootersh M a y 17; S o i t i e w t Assistant Erector. g i N will change net t i m e w h e n the d o c k s are
June 7 ; Foothills, June 14; U n i o n t o w n , Sept, 5 ; S f c y r i e w , S e p t 13; moved up une hnur to 0000Z. A new Novice at Seymour ts
T w o Rivers* J u l y 19. W A 3 I P U r e p o r t * that K l i f f K w i l l b e the " c a l l W N 9 C U T . W 1 D R N / 9 made D X C C with a long wire. K 9 Y B Z had h a
i n " station o n 6 meters and W 3 I - W W the " v a i l I n " station o n 75 Pacemaker replaced a n d is d o i n g f i n e . K ^ C L l J und W 9 D U D have
merer* for the Foothills G u b Hamfest. "Ihe Radio Assn~uf Kite is returned from florida. W9FUM is still d o w n there. Indianapolis
m a k i n g t e n t a t i v e p l a n s f o r a thrirw-dny e x p e d i t i o n t o S e r r a n g Bank R a d i o <Juta, f o u n d e d i n 1 9 1 4 , is h a v i n g a u i c m b c n h r p d r i v e a l l t h i s
or Rnncador Cay sometime In June, July o r A u g . I h e FCC has year. T o all « r n d your reports, t o Cliff MvGuyer, 2900
granted peimixsion to operate under the mil W3GV/KS4B. The East O a k Street, tvennrilk, Ind. 47714. O M I K R a d i o Anociation
u t t r a v t i v c E r i e P e n n s y l v a n i a A w a r d is available f o r w o r k i n g ten Erie will b o l d its A n n u a l M e e t i n g a t A n g o l a , Ind. nt M A R - P r a n Motel
h a m s . S e n d y o u r list, i n c l u d i n g d a t e , t i m e u n d f r e q n e m - y , t o RAJ'* June J3-14. L a k e C o u n t y Banquet on Fchr 14 a t U l c h m r v i U e l u d l
Pi), Box 844, line. Pa. 1651Z We welcome KJHSP,formerly ot very g o o d attendance. I was o n e o f the »pcakcr<; m y subject w a s
Maryland* t o G i f a o m a . License upgradings: W N 3 J P I , W N 3 K S A and vurnmimlcatian. 0 1 N H o n o r r o l l : W H O P 2 3 , W 9 J B O 21 * W A 9 Z K X
W N 3 N C H t o General; K J Z N P t o Advanced: W 5 N D H to Fxtra Qass. 17, K 9 H Y V 17, K 9 V H Y I7f W^QLW J6, W 9 M Z V 15- Amateur

V^f Sessions QNi Traffic ntdto txlstx hentuxr of the service it render*. HPL mtificatcs went

WCA 2X J16 19$ to WyJYO( WA90O0, W9JBQ, WA^YXA, W9E00,

KSSN ITS WB9AMB. Traffic: i f e b . ) W9JYO 1263, K 9 F Z X 1227, WA9Q00
WPP 24 110 44> 91ft, W9JBV H26. WA9YXA 6(it, W 9 K Q O .S5*. W91CU 453,
Traffic: theb.) W A 3 I P U 365, W J N E M J55. W A 3 A K H 144.W3KUN W A 9 V Z M 338» W 9 W B A 300, K 9 H Y V 292, W9FTRY 2 1 * , W B 9 A M B
143, K 3 Z N P 143, K 3 H K K 126. W 3 L 0 8 106, K 3 K C T 4 0 , W A 3 J B N 210. W A 9 T J S 2n»% WA9WMT 120* W A 9 N Y U M9, K9CBY 111,
Jh, W A 3 h ! X X 3.1. K 3 S M B 2 5 , W i l D O ! 4 , W A 3 B I h 10, K ' 3 S I N 10, W9BUQ 9U, W A 9 0 H X 76, K9JON 69, K9HZY 64, KV^RS 56,
K3SOH 9, W U l - 7 3. U a n . 1 W 3 N E M 35U, K311RK. 176, iDec.i W9VAY 56, W R P Z K9YBM 49, K9VI1Y 4«, K9RWQ 37,
WiNhM K 3 H K K 1 8 5 . <Nov.) W 3 N t M I H I , K 3 H K K . 146. K96FY 33, WA90AI) 32» W9FC 29, W9gi,W 29, W Y B 79,
WyRDP 27, K9JOY W9YYX 26, WA9t;iZ 24, W A 9 N I J 20,
CFSTRAL MVTSTOW W9RTH 20, WllJKN/9 17, K 9 T L K !6» W9DZC 15, W 9 F W H 15,
WA9MXB 14, W A 9 V R G 13, W 9 U M 1 12f W A 9 A X F M, W9LG 10.
IU.1NQ1S - SCM, Edmond A. Metzgcr, W9PRM - SEC; WA9WJA % K 9 K U 8, W9PMT 8, WA9WSX VIWMT 7,
WvRYU, R M : W A 9 Z U E . PAMA: WA9C*CP and WA9PDT <vhf). C o o k WA9QMJ 7, W9SNO 7, WA9CHY b, WA9BHC; 4, W9I1WR 3.
C ^ w n t y 1-C: W 9 I I P G , N e t reports: K ^ W t i N 3 , W 9 J G F 2. f J a i M W 9 W B A 2 3 9 , W 9 Q 1 W 8 .
Set k'req. Day* Tft. WISCONSIN - S C M S. M. P o k o r n y , W 9 N R P - SEC: W9NGT.
IEN 14002 SU. M
ILN 3760 IMKM)/ F>Y PAMs: W A 9 F Z T , WAflZK, WA90AY. WA90KP, WA90NL RMs:
NCPN 1 JOO I M.-SA.) FFTO K 9 K S A . WA9TXN-
NCHN 391 A LAOOZ Vet Frrq. (fTC Hr.
LLLR PON 341 S 2345/ M.-K)
IN. PON IS I4JOZ M.-K.)
716 BWN jn 1245 M.-£a> .143 1 WA90AY
M. PON R45-5 02002 M • W« F« 17 BKN JSH5 IKOO X*r 751 H4 W A W K P
111. HON S0.2K 0200Z M. i PON J97S l»OI M--K W9VCM
(IT LAKES 39 N 02302 RW W^BN 2300 toy 1321 ins WA^ONl
WSSN .^7*0 rrsa. 86 14 K9KSA
'lt>c P i o n e e r A m a t e u r R a d i o C l u b ot' N o r m a l H i g h S c h o o l a n d the WIN .1662 O f 1S l»y I SI W A i T X N
Southeast College Radio Club of Chicago havr been approved as
WRN n rM Sufi. KIOSC
SW6HN $0.4 0300 M-Ht. IS1 2 WAQfiZT
d u t y affiliated societies by the L e a g u e s k x c c u t f e e C o m m i t t e e . T h i s RW2RN 145.35 0230 Dv WAtflidK
column's sympathy g o e s t o the f a m i l y » i t d f r i e n d s o f W 9 1 P B . of RACKS 1400 Su, S3
Pekin. who recently Joined the ranks uf Silent Keys. W9HRY N e t certificates went to W9CFS iRliN>, K 9 K S A CWlNt, WAVQYC
r e p o r t s t h e <>th R e g i o n a l N e t h a d a trattlc* c o u n t n f 4 9 1 d u r i n g F e b . (WSBN). New appointees; WA9ZTY as O P S and O V S t Renewed
W 9 B S M spoke n n " T h e Manufacture o f W e l d e d Pipe and T U b t n g " at appamtmenu: W^CBK und K9KJT u OBSs; k9KSA UK OPS;
WK'KK and ^ 9 K S A a* OttS*; K9KSA at RM for WSSN. WA9TXN 5 1 , WA0ZND 49, WA0URW 4 8 , W0PET 4 0 , WA0ftKI-
m » b with mii HW-12. K9KSA report* Nl'S on WSSN u now WA0NVH 32, \VA0VPK 32, W0WAS 27. WA0OWM 26, WA0WPB
rotating *> i-myoiie get* a chance at it. A new harmonic (boy) 24, W0YC' 19, WA0RUJ 17, W0IYP T6. WA0DOT 15, K0TJL LS,
arrived at KVKSA^ Feb. 14. W90MT ha* a new S K 4 3 0 . We need WA0YMU 15, WA0TYL 14, WA0WNJ 14, K 0 F L T U . WN0YAH
more outlet* on Witt anti WSSN. W9CXY made, the BPL in Feb. I I , W 0 M T 10, K 0 U R K 10, W0KLC 9 , K0ZWG W0OXA K
Yuur activity Tcpnrff. nut .ntyorts and other news item* must reach K0SXP 8 , WN0YVT 8, WA0VDG 7, W0BUO 6, W A 0 U U 6 ,
your Sl-flt no later than the 5th o f tlie month to be included in WA0JPR 6, W0FQO 5, W0MBD S.W0SZJ 5.WA0MNF 4 , K 9 7 M 4,
previous mrinth's report Radio clubs advise nic or" your activity and WA0JPS J , WA0F.ZO 2, KflJKU 2, WA0JYB W0QXA 2,
officer^ Kite nmt WNA meeting wiU be held Sat. afternoon, June WA0UTQ 2, W0BE I . W 0 1 D K 1, (JaiL! WA0VPK 5 6 , W0E-1T 2S,
l\\ at W9DXV. Advise your net m a n u r e tliat vou would tike to W A 0 t Z Q 4 , WN0YVT 3, K 0 Z X E 1.
havfc rcp&entitfon at these meeting*- Traffic: W9CXY 5 7 2 , K9CPM
N O R i l l DAKOTA - SCM, Harold 1 , Sheets, W0DM - S K ' :
274, W9DND 176, WA0V1U/9 171, WA9QKP 8 4 , WA90NI M .
WA0AYL, OB&; K0SP11 PAM: W0CAQ, RM; WA0RSR, m -
WA9TXN 6 7 , V^AqoAY 5ft* W9hSJ 4 9 , W9RLP 4 9 , K9PIII 4 3 ,
W 0 B f . WA7JRT/0 has the new SBiOl on the air. W0CAU B *XYI.
W9NRP 4:i, K9TBY 4 1 , W9II1W 33, WN9B1R 3 L WB9ABF 27,
wax in the hospiUL WA0R5R tost the btp tower in a recent
K9K.il K9JPS 24, WB9BIF 2:1, WA9SAH 21, W9VI 21. WTDdstorm. W0GGA took a lona s^-ing south and to Mexico.
WA9PKM 19, W W I I 1ft, W9DXV 15; WyKKO 14, W90MV 12, K0KSA returned safely from a launt t o California and Mexico.
KJtOAk/9 1 0 , W A ¥ H b B ]0« WA91HF 8 , WAVNBU 6, WA9ZTY 5 , W0LWJ wa* retired Mar. I from IHC and vob presented with a
W9QNI 4 , MlITT? 4 , WA9KDZ 2. (vslaxy 550, W0Bb has done some nice work on frequency
measurement* and also tn tracking the OA-5 Mith niocas*. The
D/tKOr/1 DIVISION Bismarck Club has dosed it* code and theory ctaasey WA0RSR U
MINNESOTA - £CM - Larcy i . Shirna, W0PAN - RKT: pleated vnth the rcsponie to the CW Net invitation. WA0VMA,
WA0MZW. PAM*: WA0OFJ, WA0HRM, K0GYQ, WA0MMV-RM*: WA0UNA aiul WADGftJ are serving m net controls. W0LPE ii
W0AAU, WA01AW. WA0URW. VHF PAM: WA0DWM. Reter hi last hnKpjtalsTTd in Bi*marck. WA0RWL received the Eagle award at a
rimnth'a column for Section Net listing*. Cloquet Senior High Feb. Court of Honor. I UN mgr. report* that WA01IUD made 5 0 out
Amateur kadib O u S i* a new ARRL affiliated club. It yniir d u b 52 w u o n * and WA0RSR made, 2 last month. Congrat* to W0NMV
isn't aH affiliated c I i i L . contact the SCM for Information mi for hi* woik in the traffic department. The Mi not Amateur Radio
S*vomipg one. WNtfADO la a new RCC member, WA0WCR and Club held it* annual dinner meeting and elected W0HVA, pres.;
WN0WRA were nwjried at Lackland AFB Chapel. WA0GBW and KlKiRM, niw-pra.: WA0LXC, New calls in the state aze
WApEWt? are on k ' t T Y . WN0AJA luu worked 25 state* in 6 weeks WN0AUM, WBpA'ti and WB0AT1. The s:l^sea held at the UNO
on the air. \ I n 0 Z P U ha* worked 4 9 state* and 9 count™*, yielded the foilowiitg rail*: WN0ATZ, WN0AUA, WN0AUB, AVi\
ALIO, A U K AUh, AUH, AUl, AUJ, AUK, A i n and AON. Of
WA0CTU u. a ndfr General, i'hc Arrowhead Radio Amateur* CJub
this group WN0AUC.', WN0AUH and WN0AU1 are on 4 0 meter*. The
meets the jTd I n. o f each month at WA0BJY 1 * QTH, W0KFN, the
Forx Club held a dinner meeting at which the ARRL him "Ham 1 *
\ Y L nt W0EUI, recently pasited away. Appointment* acted upon in
Wide World* wns shown alio dldes were shown by WA0SDQ on the
Feb.: WA0VPK, # A 0 W F B , WA0URW and W0PAN a* new O R S ;
International Snowmobile Race from Winnipeg to St. Paul. W0CGM
WA0VYV a* new OPS; KOUU renewed a* UKS: WA0MZW renewed
hast been bitten by the teletype bug. W0DM replaced some tube* In
ah SEC: K 0 5 X P renewed a* helffomi County KC W0AAIJ i* the new
the SR-KS0 so hack to bus1ne»h
RM for h J N , Our <dm<ere thank* go t o WA0KRA tor doing a bet t-rtqt. Sew. Ck-ins I fa
tTeoiendouJ job a*i MJN KM. During her term o f utflce, MJN
increased sieniflc^tly in activity. WA0URW ha* been appointed RM <;iwmKiver fQ«>0 4 44 WtfCPO
for the MlHn. 40-mcter CW N e t Activity has gicatly increased on NDCW .^640 72 139 Wr^RSK
thin new nef. Trafflfe: ( l * b j WA0VAS 1W4, WA0rQT 5 8 3 , YLWX .1994 28 729 5&4 WA0uKA,MNn
W0NMV
WA0MMV 2 8 8 , K0ZR1) 19h, W0BUC 177, WA0LAW 169, WA&- RACKS 3YMKS JSP (U54 ?j Ktf^PH
VYV 150. WA0WEZ 1 3 9 , W A 0 V T / 13K,WA0HRM 1O7.WA0RRA euN .wv^s i2 300 14 WA4 n u n
9 0 , WA0OKJ 8 9 , H i m 84. W02HN K4. WA0TGM W0RNK TrafTIc: W0NMV IK2, W Art HUD 154, WA0KWM 4 3 , WA0IKS 39.
0 9 , W0PAN 6ft, K 0 M V F 6 7 . W A 0 R K V 5 4 , WAffrPT 5 2 , WA0UAfl
WrfWWL 32, K05PH 30, W0DM J i , WA0MND 29, WA0TBR 28,
4TU ANNUAL MINNESOTA Q S O PARTY W0E>m 26, W0B1< W0LDU IK, WA0UKD ft. WAftltT 3.

FWa contvt^ffpojrfored bV the Viking Anuteur Radio Society, will SOUTH DAKOIA SCM. lid Gray, WA0CPX - WA0V)G, or
take place oil June 6 |phone/ from ui'i>n-«>4A0 nnd 1600-2000, w la Cedtcrvillc t got hi* General (. las* license in J a a Several new Novice*
from liOO-lrtftO and 2000-2400, btther phone or ow from
040Q-OVOO. All tines in GMT. It h open t o all nmnteiin Stations will he on the air from Winner shortly. WN0ATF Is a new ham In
ai4y iw worked oncw un cw aod oncv <ui [ihimf uii the name band, the Sioux Fall* urea. The Brooking* Radio Research Club i*
except during scheduled net *emions. (Only one trHn*mitter may be spou&iring an b&plorer Scout post. K0ZTV is leaving for Iowa to
VIM*II at any one time.) Minnesota station* ma> work each other. The wurJt uti hi* graduate program. 1VA6PNR i* the new PAM for
ewhanae will be 0 S O mimhi<rt R S ( T ) and comity U * Minnesota outatate, while W0NF.O takes over aa manager of the late net and
Nation*. uthera wild number* R S i i ) and Mctinn or WA0LLG turn* uvcr the N i g net manager post to WA0RNE.
country, Lii^glhg information: alt the i-oiitact exchange information W0RKN, of Siouk Falls Amateur Radio Club, is to be cungta tula ted
pjua date, ttme, band, mode, innltlpHer llats nnd nenre c*imputation*. on 22 year* o f service teaching theory classes to amateur*. Net
S » « e * t e d froquenciecr CW 35X0 7 0 8 0 14080 2 t u « u ; Dhone
7 2 8 0 L428d 2138(1 and. 24MHI. C nntaets on noy other haads <* reports: Morning, i^Nl 4 2 0 , traftic JI35: NJQ, QN1 399, traffic 5 7 ;
Prequpnvioa are valid and eiiuiuraipe'd. (.fn ull handa« particularly Farly hvcnir>g, QN1 b2n, traffic 25; Late F.vcning, QNI 1301, traffic
7S/HO, pieaNe tbten careftdly f'>r net* and avoid them. Soaring 4 7 ; A R I - r . QNf 4Kk tratJk 8, those having a trafHc count of over
vyktem: M1nn«Nr>ti» atation* multiply total time* your multi- J5 arc W^WL/fl WA0SKA, WA0UL1N, W0tG 4 W0UAS aod WA0-
plier (which it the total number of illfTerent ARRt. MMition* and PNBx
riiuntHea wnrked OH EW plus the total number of different ARRI>
nevtion* and oountrtea worked on plione). MlnriaMn inpy to*
A-mmled ak • Miction, if worked* Countries ntUKt he llftted on the DELTA DIVISION
A k K L countrie* lUt and mny not Include or he a jairt ot anv AKRL ARKANSAS - SCM. Robert D. Schaefer, WA5HS - SF.C:
utsction. Mobile Etation* operating In different Minn. »>vmtie* are W5PP7. RM: WSNND. PAM: WAflKJT. Welcome lo new Novice*
scored separately for aacll county. Mobiles must also make 2 o QSOs WN5AOA, WN5AHB, WN5A<X* In F n m t Tity and WN5ASH in
In cine etiunty to ba cliftibte for a vrrtiflcata- A Minn, station using RnsselKille. WA5RBH w ^ s t t i l l y tracked Oftcar 5, W A 5 k i T has
<tn nntenna which u county line will send hi>th cuiuitln m hi*
been working good DX ou I (I meters with a dfpoie and plans to put
report. uf his ttttal score ulll ta i w d HU for each up a ijuad. WSRXU is the new Ft" for Central Arkansas. The I t.
munry. Stations <mtttde uf Minnesota multiply total Minnesota Smith ARC i* conducting Novice clui-ui^ 1 Ite newly organized club
USCX time* vuur multiplier, which w the total number of dirferent in Forrest n t y w HK^. A k R L WA5GVG dnd WN5ZG1 passed the
Minnesota ti*untie* f o r k e d on vw KLUd the total number of Advanced Class exam. Net reports for Fch.
different Minnesota countle* worked on phone (poauble 87 on eaeh ,V*t ttme Freq. Tfc. QNt \tins. Vf^r.
mcole). Awards: Mrat place award certificate* wil] ao to the highest
scurina btntion in each section, provided that Htation makes at least
OIK IM H07. 3 1 * 0 4T OOt Vr AS I U>
R QSOr, and to the highest acorina fetation In Minnesota
RN 0030K 3995 to 480 S06 WAS KIT
county. providW that stnMitn m«kes at least 20 Sptctil
A PN 1100 2 3MJT ^ 417 t i SA W S V FW
certificate* to top storing Minnesota and non*Minne<ota stations. K)N 7130/ JM2* 21 J i 4 4»l iY-\!ITJR
L u ^ idust be (kMttnarfctfd on or before June 25. Send your l<*fc to Teenage 2 Mo 7 u inh J 7 5 WASQMO
Viking Amateur Radio Society, Box J* Waseca, Minnesota $M><M. t C Net oouu/ Su W5PBZ
Pleaae in etude any snggehtlofw ynu have for Improving this content, i*X Info WA5CiPO
11049/ M W5NND 261, WSVFW 39. WA51I.S
WAfEKKt
self-addressed atamped envelope should be enclosed if crrtificn* Tiaffic: 1353, 3ft,
tes or the published result* arc desired, WA5VWH27,W5PBZ 12, V A 3 1 J B 12.
 L O U I S I A N A • S C M , J . Allen S w a n w n , J t „ W5PM - SVC:
\Y50B. KM: KSANS/Y VHI- P A M * W A S D X A , W 5 U Q R . The Baton
K o i i ^ A R C will hold its Annual H a r d e s t May 2 and 3, Up Aleswav
W 5 B B V and W A 5 R Z C p ^ s e d the NdvamrdClww exams. WASL'VU
haw announced thut the Rapides Fmergency Net n o w meets o n
Sun. 4t 1 4 0 U ( J M T . V « H I T V truly had a visit from V i c e - M r W 4 W B K .
The K V i j i proposing rate changes. rK\, f a r vhf repeat?™ K j A N S
hsx s msw u>n*tnictinu project t'nr handling self-starting and
d u p i n g R I T Y ! W 5 C K ? <?ay* that MAKS * i t most o f his traffic.
WSHA i* trymjc t o nrpatr rcorivcr trouble*. Members u f the
t i N O A R C v m c jdven * inntf interesting antenna 4teplav and
discussion recently by CarJ MosIcy*s gang. Congrats t o W N 5 V Y ? and
W A 5 Z V B , who recently jvssed their Generalship! K 5 B L V Hi the
proud owner or a new N C X - 5 0 U Howard « u i k » W v 4 0 , 2 0 , 1 5 and
10 and uses all mode*, W 3 P F T has been charted pus* ut t h e ( t e w i ?
A R C at SlideII, WA5UMK was elected vio^pres. W A 5 g X H s w y -
treaa. WA5SNS Is S t . Tammany Parish t x : replacing W S P f T ,
W A 5 W B Z ia most ikfive o n LAN. The Cafcasieu ftilice J u r y
presented a plaque t o the Southwest Louisiana A R C Tor its * n n c e
t o the Parish, WA5NIJK/* wufk K h c d u k kept him from t h e O X
Context! W 5 M B ( \ I A N Net Mgr. urgently n m l & h e l p In t h e form o f
outlets in Baton k o u g r and New Orleans LAN meets daily at 0U30
rtiiJ U4H0 G M T o n 3ft 15- tallowy 1 have t v e n persuaded by « w r a l
U u b s in the state t o run tor another ferm n* SCM. This is very
pleasing t o me and thank >uu. J rafTic: ( l - e b j W5M1 2 1 5 , W 5 C E Z
•'7, WA5WBZ 7ft, W5MBC 5 2 , V A 3 N U K 1 1 , W 5 E A 6 . <J«k>
KSANS 64.

MISSISSIPPI - S C M , Clifton 0 . C o m t o r t . W A S K L Y - New Ant*

Directors (or Miss, are W A i f c P S , t V A i u Y W , WA&JWH. W A 5 K L Y .
T h e MSBN Winter Picnic a real smsuM. thanks t o W A j U B Q .
WAS V I A , WA3WJP and others, friela appointments made nr
endorsed were; W J K D M a* W5SBM «s O R S ; W A S l t X V ,
W A 5 U Y W . W A 5 Y I A , W5HTV, WS&HM* W 5 U Z Q . W 5 N C B a t O P S *
W5BW, W 5 J I T V , W A 5 R X V as U V S * W A * S ! t f 4* I X J . I n t e r e *
building on the G u l f Coast in 2-meter t m , with a repeater in the
works. T h e * now operatinc o n 1 4 6 . 9 4 MHz 41* W A S U P f i .
WA5YTJI, WA5UOD* W A J K V B , W5P1XJ, WB5AAI, W A > P B l .
W5LBO, W A 3 S U E , phis many others at K e e s l e r There » more
interetf in R i T V , too. K 5 £ F A is o n t h e air. W A 5 U B 0 is leathering
W A 5 U Y W . with W 5 I 1 T V reading instructions. is almost there!
W t t B U i i working o n roorvanlzation o f the Miss. CW N e t It is t o he
a dow^pccd traffic and training net, tentatively o n M>b$ k c at i'IU43
riMT dally. W A 5 P T E is scheduled t o transfer t o t h e Ptulippmea. A
new Novice » W N S A X L , T h e btU o n Emergency Amateur Radki
Mobile units with a reduced tag fee wa< btili in ounumttee at last
rrpurt. J a c k s o n A R C is pUuuiinc a Ham and Swaptort for May 3 1 .
C o n t a c t W 5 M U G ur W5F.VY f<ir details! T n t ' f l e ; W 5 S B M 1 3 1 .

T E N N E S S E E - SCM, Harry A. PhUUpa, K 4 R C T - S W : W4WJH,

PAMs: W 4 P F P . K 4 M 0 U WA4HWW, WB41U1L KM: K 4 A M C .
h'req. /iwe 6V1 if.Y/ g i r J*r-
TSSB 0 0 AO Tii^SII Ml K4MOT
IPN MHO i 24* M-Sa 2H 1 1 * 1 U7 W4PPH
! 4 M SU
L.IPN 39*40 1 1 4 0 M-F 20 5M WA4KVTO'
1PON WHO 00.10 M 4 141 19 K4RTA
TTN 7 2 7 0 2^(10 T^V 25 1 Ml WK4HIH
rN 3 6 3 5 O I T I O uy 100 K4AMC
K7VHF f 4 5 0000 T-T » 7 4
T*MSN SO A b JIM &
PTVHF 5 0 . 4 0HU4.I MWh \1t 1 7 * 7 \VH4tUH
FTTMN 0J.WW4F * ft* $ WA4VUN
Reda Rogers, a blind Y1-, ^111 be o n t h e ham hamft, thanks t o
EC W 4 K M J and many p?nerouj liams. K 4 L 0 U participated in a
3-state round table o n f> meters 1-eb. OKN W B 4 J K T reports
Explorer Post I S o p e n t e d WN4MSN/4 during the Novice Kpondup.
hC \ V A 4 Y f G a-purtx the Humboldt A R C has |*K<ha*rri thirty
2-meter units t o be u v d c n t t f t 2-meter n u L ' f h e Radio Ops. C l u b n f
Oak Ridge will again sponsor t h e Crrusvrlle Hamfest J u l y lfl-19
WA4YKM i s hamfest chairman, m t t i c : VLrA4JTT WA4tK1t
2 0 5 , W4UUG K4A1' 1 7 8 , WB4HMA 14ft, « B 4 I K I a 1^4.
K4AMC 8 0 , W A 4 Y F G W A 4 U A Z 7 3 , W A 4 U L S 4 1 , SV134ANX
24. W A 4 Z X Z 26t W 4 P 1 P W R 4 M K J(l t W A 4 N U ! IH, K 4 L Q O
I 7, WB4NA1 17, WB4CiiW/4 16. W4VJ WB4HU1 W4SGI
15, W M E H V 1 4 . W A 4 Y F M 14, W B 4 N D X 1 2 , K 4 P U / 1(1, K 4 S X D
<J. W B 4 J T S W4PSN & WK4GSS 7 , K 4 L O U 7, W B 4 D Y J 6.
W 4 T Y V 6 . WA4KWW 4 . W 4 S G I 4 ,

(iRHAT I'AKES DtVISIOX

VLkNTVCKY - SCM. Geor«c S . W d » n , 111. W 4 0 V I . SH".
W 4 V Y S . Appointed: W A 4 E L T as OVS- d o r j t d ' W A 4 D Y L and
WA4WWT as O R S s : W 4 K J P and K 4 C S H as O t ^ K 4 F P W » > 0 H S
and O V S .
•Vrt rsr QNi vrc .Usr.
KRN rjft^u JHO* W4BEJ
MKHN ;iv*l> 0830 534* 93 K4TK V OHIO - SCM, Richard A. f-jbert, WxKI'U - HI-C: WSOIiU. RM:
KTN J9bl> 1900 933* ! ?4 WA4AUH W8IM1. PAM: JC8UBK. VHF PAM: WA8AUU Jan. net reports:
KYN 20 6 2100 140 147 W4BAZ Net QNl QTC Set. Freq, itmtfzi ^
FPATN S0.7 2100 (A* U7* W40TP UHSBN 2021 978 57 1 K * U B K
W4ZLI and WB4FLA upgraded to frNtra, WB4M0R to Advanced. 7.14 A
Fmernrmy power fe nt WB41TTN, WB4L0K has added an SB-220. BN 5 ft. 3S80 0(KKl W81MI
We're glad to hear WB4FOT/KP4. Welcome in the nets anytime, 0300
OoMtrN 4$ » 50, A J 00007 WMLAUU
Tom, W4GSH ha* a lew on 6 and WA4MEX one on 75. Murray 0200 Z
State's RC is In business. Mice to see most net ONI Increasing, Let1* <1SN Oft 28 una 2J2SZ WA8VNU
hwe more traffic origination*. Owexisboro's K4ITY has increased its. Kchruary BP! went to W8UPI, WA8ETX, WA8UPT, WB80SV,
2-meter output to 250 watts, courtesy of the local police depart' KKCINA and WAXDWL. Butkeye Net certificates wcw earned fcv
meat, and the gang is beginning to ready for the annual hydroplane WKCHT, KKONV, KttOHG, WSBZX and WB8AKU. Ohio Slow Net
race. Traffic: il cb.) WA4VZZ 369, WB4KPJi 269. W4BAZ 142. regular* WAS It FN. WA8RU0 xnd WB8CKG received net certitl-
W40YI 121, WB4FDK 83, WB4IOU 80. WA4AGIK 72. K4TRT 71, .ntes. Section net certificates are vent to those chcUUttg into a
WB4KOR 60, K4MAN 56, WA4MEX 34, W40TP 34. W4UK 33, section net a minimum nt live times a month for there months. Do
WB4LK-Z 20. WA4MXD 28. K4UMN 28. WB4HlrY 26, W4NRZ 25, ynu have one tor 1*JT0 vvtV Omgrata to new Extra Claw WRFCU
K4FPW 22* WB4LKP 22, WB4ILF 21, W4ADO 18, WB4GCV 15. and to new Advmicvd WA8DBX. K8DWO and K8C0C. WAHZ^T
WB4HFU 15, W4G5E1 14, K4VDO WB4L<jY 13, W4KJP 13, u j s appointed <IPS in KrK With reRret we report that WA80UI' and
W4SZB 13. K4UNW 13, WA4BZS I L WA4GHO 11, WB4H1N 11. WKl-UQ joined Silent Kry*. Fn» WA8I-QW and W8LRD report
W4BTA 10, WB4KLR 10, K4AVX 8, K4HOfc 5, WB4LIL 5, K4YCB vhttlng clubs in (Mr areas of jurisdiction or AREC membership
3> WB4FLA Uanj WB4FDK 262, WA4PYL JH3, WB4H-A 33, drive* Wancn ARA's new officer* arc W8MKF, prest; W8UCL,
WB4LIL 18. Traffic 2324, report* 44*. vicpoprea,; W3FYV, sccy.; WA81N0. treaa. Club activities mgr.
WAHSHP tells us that the Dcivi-r^Ncw Phibdelphla Area Cnimty-
MICHIGAN - Joseph U Pontck, K8HKM - Asst. SCM* Wide and Yusco ARCi have combined to form the i'usco Kt:, Inc.
Howard A. Walker, WVJTQ, Rodger (\ Phillips. WA8LWK. SKC l"he dub will operate the W3ZX memorial station- Officer* ,irc
WtfMPD. KMs: WA8PIM, WBRTN, W8WVL, K8KMQ, WWDTT. WA8YPX, pres.; WA8JPW, vtce^prc&; KKC'QA, WAistilU
PAMs: KRCvCHI, W8ZBT. VHF PAMc WHCVO. K8AKM. Silent trcas. QCEN advises that its new utficert are WHC'trr, pres.;
Keys: WR01Y, WKKUV. WA8S1X, vicfi-pres.; WA8RYL, secy.; WA8CKJI, tieas. i ongratu-
Set nme QNi tm. 1 iV^t Mgr.
Utlons to new AKKL utliliate. the Aviation Radio Uuh oV
UMN 2J00 liv 1U8J S7t 84 WA8PIM
WSSB ivi5 0MU0 l>y 760 Ztf WSfjBfcL C olumbus. Greater Uncinnuii AKA reports a total ol 46 students in
UP FN tlSo Dy 3112 J7 21 WAVI.HC 0s ticovml and Advanced clasa. Lolumbus ARA will sponsor tlu*
PON-J > AY louo Liy 80S 025 1X K»LNE W70 Ohio <JS<> Party- Rules will be nhnut like la«tyear. Ibc date is
GLFTN 11230 Hy 71 J 2* KttHLl Aug. 8 and and WflhkD will he contest chairman. Let's atl mark
PON^CW A64S 1400 M-Ra 207 24
M6MTN 50,7 2400 M>Ha WAftl RC uitr calendars, witch for the notice, and reserve same time for the
BR/MLN 3M30 M-P 9t0 91 24 KKUS 0S0 Party this year. K8LGA hack in the wine ot thin**, with HIM
New officer* of the Red Hud AR<- are WXfcBT, pies.; WAHCiiN, XRN and KAN schedule* apioi Annie is also imutved with 2"meter
vice-pres.i WB8BVP. WAKBSL, twas. Huron Valley ARA: AKK- at-tfvltei Medlnet, manned by Elcalth, education and Welfare
WWBOl, pre*; WKfcNZ, vice-pic^.; WB8AI-.V, fc-vM WBRBijG, ^mp1oyet^ A intended to handle medical Information during
treat.; MPHA* trustee, Midland ARC: WBHRRI, pre*.; WA8VSU "health cmcrgcnclcs." It meets on 7260 and 14280 kllz at 1700Z
Hcr-prcJu; WAKZZC, n^y.; WK0O1> tieu*. I revived a real nice Mon. and 2200Z Wed. NCS is K8YYG. As of this writing the
tvrtiticnt* from the Mich. PON for over 2n rheek-ins. WA8WCZ ha* minimum wore for PSKR listing is 3U. Please send me the complete
been inking m the DX on 20 and I V KKRCT put up a Marconi for breakdown bv category for PSHR listing. Prom time to time we get
M> hut his hound chewed the leedbne to piccea. WA8VXE only mall asking for support of local ncM in traftic muting and handling,
need* two ktatea to wmk ami a fmv niuir QSI * She also say* that the role of the local net is implicit m our NTS organisation. Local
the QSU and usrnncates ®ve\im the painting. WAK7JU is working nets send representatives to ^s.tions nets, Announcing the net bctna
on higher power. WA8ZII7, in portahle at Kincheloe AFB. K8Jb l> a reppevented. TratTic will be muted to yuu by the section NCS as a
made PON Amateur of the Month. I hear all the Snap and Shop* are matter of courne. l)on*t expect the section nets to *nd reps to your
doing a booming business this year. Must be a lot of basement IucjI net. Vd like to take this opportunity to thank the amateurs
dcaninggoing on, Huron Valley ARA will celebrate its 20th id uhio tor your support In the election: honored to he yourNCM
annivcrnry in 1970. W8NJM is near retirement from Buh'k. lor another term, and will du my best to justify vour cunfidcnce m
Mid-West YL Convention will be held June 19, 20 and 21 at the me. 1'iaffic: W8HPH 1120, WA8tTX (fijfl, WA8UPT 533, WB81X2V
Drifter Motel in Flint. Traffic: (Feb.) WA8WZI' 857, K8LNL. 553. .*!>!. KKONA 2R7, WAKDWl 220. WARVNU 199, WAKC:XY
K8ZJU 510, WAKYVR 502, K8KMO 291. WA8PIM 214, W8NOE1 W81 A<3 196, WAKI-TW 180. W8PMJ 166, W8IMI 16!4WH8AKW
21L WB8UTT 157. WAKLXY 152, KHMUi 96, W8WVL 9b, I3fi. WAVFYh KMI.L.A 1M. W8QZK 127. W8GVX 120,
W8BKZ 89, WAKONZ W8UIR 74, W81 Z 73, WShNW 71, WAKOUCt 116, WA8WAK 1U9, W80CU 90. WHOUU 87, WAHZTX'
WAftZAV 71, WA8QCJI 43, WA8SQC 41, WK1UC lib, WHMO WBHBLH 82, RMJRK 82. WA8RUO 79, WAHSF:0 79, W8JD 73»
WKIZ 29, m V X 27, KSJI'I) 26, W R m 25. WAKVXL 23. WSMPh WKI.1 AK, WAMI.AM A7. W80NL 63, W8VND til, WA8VYQ b<K
21, K8TIY 22, WB8HYB 20, WAHZPU 17, WBRANR 14, W8UPD-57, KKOItn ^0, WA8ULF 45, WA8ADU 42. WA8SXI 41,
12. K8HKM 12, Win HP 10( WA8LKC 7. WSSWt 6. W8LUP W8UK 3K, WAKY1B WA8VWH 33. WAWuW 32, WUMD HI,
WHACtQ 4, WKYNY4, WA8/JM 3. (Ian.) W8IZ 1II,WA8ZJM 24. WA8NOg 31, WnriRO » t WA80FK 30, W8M0K 29, K8QYR 27,
wnrrii kkbyr w s u i x ; i s , w a s m h o 22t k r b x t 21,
K8PBh 21. m v t i t ) 204 WARFSX 20. WA8YLW J9, W4IBP 18,
3RD ANNUAL MICHIGAN QSO PARTY WB8AJC 17, WRDAF 17, WA8YI1N 17, K8ZBL 17. kSDIIJ lb,
W8PNP 16, WRRAKU 14, WB8CKC 14. K8LXA 14, W8<JOL 12,
Thh contest, sponsored by the Central MJchtan Amateur Radio K81-F1 U t K8UI 1U KBONV U . W8WW1 11, WBJH UK WAK
duh. Inc.k will take place from 3100 KMT Mar (A to 2100 (1MT SHP 10, WAHJIiH 9. WA8TKM 9, WA8AIZ 8, WB8B/X 8, W8-
May 17- Tt m open tr» nil nmnteim. Stations mar be worked on « w
and phone >m teach hand. Michigan btation& may wnrk uther <SRT K, WKI ZJi 8, WB8BPB 7, WKSQU 7, W8AKW 5, WAWNC
Mlchignn Nations. The enLhange will he KK< n and a -4-rilgJt serial 5. WNQXU 4, WA8TKL 4, KK'KY 34 WB8COC 2. W8U I1 2,W8-
number starting at OU1 and ci>unty for Michiganfttations.All othen KRO 2. WR8TTVX 2. WA8MCR 2. KftBPX 1, WB8CUW I, WR8-
Kand RSrn, a .Idlgft Kctbl number Parting at AIM and *tata, KH1 I, WA8R0Q i.
province or country. Lowing information: dates, times, atations
ivcrtked, reports eKchanped, banda,. modes, location an J final &core.
Suggested frcquent-iei: cw ^SiU 140A0 ilUftU phone HUOSOX DIVISION
S W 7260 142*0 21J60 28560 50400 I4S1S0 (46040.
Michigan stntlons wre mgpd to be on 15 metm at 1600 and l«*00 bXHibMN NMV YORK - W.'M, lirahatn i«. Berry. K2iJN -
(iMT and on 10 meter* at t7QQ and 2000 <.iM r. Sennng ^yntem: APrt, # M/RM: Ruth f. fticc, WA2VYS. ShC: W21CGC. PAM:
l

One point per contact. Michigan multiply hy states, provincei and
non-W/VL countries (includes Mich.), others multiply polnta by the
nnmber of different Michigan L-inintieft (H\ maximum). Awards:
Certificates to the higheat scoring station In eachttate, province and
non-W/VE L-ountry. Mirhigan Uatlons *HII compete for flrst-plac*
trophy, 2nd through sth place wrtlh^atea and for Jst place
vrrtincate for sncb of the X.) counties* A trophy will also be
awarded fur the higheat out-of-atate score. The mailing deadline U
June 30. Send yoiu- log tn Central Michigan Amateur Kadin Club,
P.O. Box 7 J. Lansing. Michigan 4R901
WB2VJB. VHI' PAM: WR2YQU. Scction nets: NYS nightly «i7S at
23007: kss nightly ASW at 23007!; NYSPT&hN n J ^ y J925 at
All appointees, plcare i or ward certiHcates for rennvaJ via
KM, PAM or VHI- PAM. On the club nrnuit: Harmonic Hills RL
heard WB2I-"NV on "Raaie Mertriclly/' Schenectady AKA now has
16 tamily gruups representing 40 indWiiluaU. Skttlon record? New
RoLhelle <1uh fv^rd W2LAR on telephone mobile <etiipft. West-
iheUcr ARA had W2E0X, who was ttUn-chg, of NY CityPoluv
flmergcncy Service Squad for 28 years. Known 1970 t'U plans:
S c h e n e c t a d y is g o i n g m o u n t a i n - t o p p i n g in V e r m o n t w i t h K 2 A E .
K o c b c l l c is h a c k u t t e r a S a b b a t i c a l In ^ with K2YCJ.
Individual s t a t i o n a c t i v i t i e s C o n g r a t s t o n r w Novices M O R , MHP,
Mil , M O T , M K C , M Y H * M W \ M J M , M R X . M O Y , M N C a r i d M K E .
N w A d w n m l ticket* K2DMR, WA2CRW, WB2YLB and WB2DSK
^ r n i ; K 4 G X V / 2 a n d WB2VP1L lix-WN2MDY b waiting a General
s u i t . W B 2 S I H r e n e w e d av D B S . W N 2 J L 0 , WA2STFT, W A 2 C 0 E a n d
V B Z P * I) are n e w o f f i w r s o f PuuRhltecpsic A R C . W B 2 D G H reports
K n n n m l t (15 H u b in H y d e P a r k is n o w A R R L - a f f i l i a t e d . W B 2 Y L B
n o w cxlftjs M f e * M m - s o f t h e S c h e n e c t a d y C l u b . W B 2 G M N bt b u n
j d v i n g N o v i o c te-sts t o N e w R o c h e l l e C l u b ' s c l a w s t u d e n t * w i t h Iti
<<ucc:es*tul v i f a r a n d m o r e t o c o i n s . k 2 I ( J B u n d W B 2 N V J are
h e a d i n g C f N R M e l d D a y torn. W2LXJ1 ha* b e e n a p p o i n t e d A s s t .
D i r e c t o r t w i n b y W 3 T U K . W A 2 V U is oji t h e air w i t h a n e w
HW-UJQ. W A 2 U B N is m o v i n g t o T e x a s . W 2 K G C i» b a c k f r o m
v a c a t i o n a n d a c t i v e n e t wise. W A 2 R A U i s a f t e r hi* s e c o n d UXCCvli
KWM-2 o n l y . W A 2 Z G V w a s a c t i v c 4ll w i n t e r w i t h s k i p a t r o l
W B 2 V U K i m f e s f r o m G e r m a n y where he u with t h e A r m y and
MARS-active. W A 2 0 E G b running an S R - 4 2 A o n 2 meters.
W A 2 T E 0 w>on will b e m o b i l e in t h e VW. W A 2 V Y K is a J a n .
graduate aud b o u n d for graduate wurk, WA2VYS how n a
b o a t - o w n e r . T r a f f i c W A U J H 2 4 8 , W A 2 V Y T 14fi. W A 2 V Y S 124,
W 2 L A F 1 1 1 , W 2 T H F KK, W A 2 M J V 611, K J U Y K 4 n , W U 2 V J B JM,
W 2 U R P 2V, K 2 G X V / 2 2R, W A 2 W G S 2 1 , K 2 S J N W A Z G g W 14,
K 2 M N W 1 3 . W 2 A N V 8 , W A 2 V I S H.

NKW Y O R K C I T Y A N D L O N G I S L A N D - * M, Vted I . Brumes,

K2DGI - S M l : K 2 0 V N , KM: K2UAT. ? A M : W2EW, W B 2 R Q K
T h e following n e t s a i r m a j o r A R F C nets. J o i n o n e !
Bronx S0.J5 MHz 1 4 6 , 1 7 MH<
Brooklyn MH* M,40 MH/ < 4 S . ? 6 MH?
Naaiau 1 * 7 2 MH/ I 4 0 2 MH*
Oueens 2v.*o MHj su.20 M m 1 4 5 . 6 2 MHz
Hichmund 147,11 MH'
ftuffplk MHz fij.si MHr
Hrmtlnftton ia MH/ I4*,si) M i b
Brnokhaven 1R.T1 MH* 50.46 MHz 14S,4o MtU
N r w Vurk lft>SU M H * *i»4H M H /
N u t e : N e t t i m e s t u t u U ? o p r n »:<*> P . M . M o n .
I t a p p e a r s t h a t K 2 A A S l u s t m o r e t h a n h i s s h i r t o n h i s recent j a u n t
t o [rO* V e p a . S a y s h e ' s p l a n n i n g t o r c t i r r t o t h n a a * w ! W2PI- ii
s p o r t i n g a s h i n y n e w S i g n a l O n e . C l a i m s t h n is w h a t ' s h a p p e n i n g f o i
t h e [ 9 7 n s . T h e M a s s a p e q u a R a d i o C l u b is a l l d e c k e d o a t w i t h a
new-nldl?) c l u b tall of W2U1 WA2LJS has a new " S k v N e e d l e " with
signal n j u i r t c n l o r 1 1 <>-15-20 m e t e r s p l u s a n a n y - h a n d l o n g w i r e a t
the MTR. W B Z Q M J 4 reports activity o n 20 m c t e n a n d he n
l o o k i n g f o r t h e " b o y s ' * f r o m the o l d m d d o w n t h e r e *t R o b i n s A1;B.
W B 2 A X G o b t a i n e d a HSKK t m m G e o r g i a T e c h . u n d a 2 n d I t
c o m m i s s i o n t m m t h e U . S , A r m y Signal C o r p s , ( g u e s s p e o p l e r f » d
this c o l u m n alter a l l i d ) . S e e m s W A X i K t has her problems; t i n t the
C o l l i n s r i g w e n t .West l o t C e d a r R a p i d s t h a t is) t h e n t h e I t t t t c S w a n
r e f u s e d t o t a k e t o t h e uitI I t a p p e a r s t h a t A u s t r a l i a ( H e a r 3 a n d
W A 2 K S B p o o p e d o u t a b o u t t h e •came t i m e w i t h b o t h n e e d i n g s o m e
m t Well, a t l e a s t : w e k n » w t h a t s o m e b o d y is h e a r i n g o u r s e c t i o n
B u l l e t i n s t a t i o n * ; W B 2 S T Q rea'tvod a n S W L iaird f r o m U u l p u u :
( i 2 C t ' 0 1 c l u b o p e r a t o r ts e l a t e d t h a t s n o u s h n d y c a n c s i p y h i s tt%t
Q L * - t W 2 A L 1 1 , C o l u m b i a U s t a t i o n is £ o m g f u l l % w u i g a t l a s t ,
wpott* W B 2 l < g P - W o r d o u t of t f e U K P group h a s It t h a t a n r w
harmonic r o u n d a t t h e g r i l nt K2QM1-; m i w t h n v
h i g h ! K 2 H T X i& s p o r t i n g a m - w J l ^ n K ' t e r b e a m i n s t a l l e d d u r i n g t h e
w i n t e r a n t e n n a - r a w i n g s w i m i h l g h w i n d ; s n y w , i c e ; is t h e r e a n o t h e r
t i m e V i W o r d h a s it t h a t W 2 L H a n d X Y L W ? P r O s h o w e d t h e
p r i ^ e w l n n a U h o w t o install a f H - ^ aitd tower i t o p an
a p a r t m e n t h o u * e six s t o r i e s u p ! S u c h a s i g n a l ! F o u n d t h r r e a s o n f u r
t h e d i m l i g h t i n g a r o u n d l e t r a k C i t y ; W 2 0 W L la l o a d i n g u p o n e o f
t h n u city t y p e ^ i n v i x i b l e " M > r t . a n t e n n a s . B A R T O h a s a n e w
president - WR2DPW. CongrntubitUms! T h e folb>wuui is t h e O U S
v hedule ot WB2STO - Mon., Wed.. Thurs. 1800Z 14.340 M H i ,
\ H W 7 . 2 1 . 3 4 0 M t l r s«b; F r l 1 8 0 0 Z 1 4 . 0 4 0 M H z c w . TratTic: ( l ; c b . )
WA21IWA 4H02, W A 2 H M O 796, W A 2 G P T 2 5 3 , K 2 U B G 2 4 0 ,
W2DSC 154. W 2 A U i W 2 E C 17, W A 2 R S B 14, W 2 L G K 14.
K 2 A A 5 12 b W 2 D B O ^ W 2 P F H, W A 2 B R t 7, W A 2 U S 2 , W A 2 Q J U

WB2UQP 2. ( I a n J WA2UWA 4508, WA2HMO 900, W2GKZ 350,

K 2 U A T 305, W2DSC 73. WA2GRI WA2KSB 7, WA20J1/ X
iDec.i W A 2 U W A 5 0 4 0 .

N O R T H E R N N K W J b R S F . V - JiCM, L o u i s J . A m u r t n o , W 2 Z Z
S E C : K 2 K D Q - R M : W A 2 T A K P A M s ; W 2 P I - V , k2KDi)„ WA2KZF,
WA2TBS.
ARPSC Section Net Kebedulet
dtar. C'/V/ t'tc. Ugr.
NJTI"YM 7.30 f MWF WA2TAP
NJN 7.00 P !)• Ml M4 WA2BLV
NJN ( o t o o p fiy Inn SI WA2BCV
NJSN 3740 X : n o P l>y IS 2* 7 WK114 H
NJ>J'JN .W50 6 ii jo P M-Sa 28 Aln 411 W2PFV
NJPHN jvjki f>ioo P S u n 4 Oh 5ft WA2TBS
NJAN S0425 tf'00 M-t 30 2JUJ 47 WASHl* 1 WBULZ 12, W2CVW U , WA2GOC 8, WA2DNB W2ABL X
IP VEIN 149710 7:30 PLiy 2 * J14 1M9 KiKlXJ tOvMWA2C:WU 124.
fet" I N 1451(00 tftif) M-Sia >5 126 45 WA2 1 Btt
(46?00 P Sun
Indorsements: K2&DQ as KO for tank', WB2KSV ** LC for
IOWA - SCM. Waj nc L. Johnson, KjtMHX - \«U. SCM: AJ
Belleville and WB2BCS us kil for Red Bank. WA2TAF a* OPS.
Cutberti K.0VVU. SKi1: KOLVB, PAM: K0OKD. OBSifc: W0LCX
K2K.D0 a* ObS. W2TPJ. K2BMI and WA2CCF as C«Js. We have
W0Lk, WACMtT. New appointees WAflNCZCerro(;ordc
mum tor more appointment* of jIi types. K2KEKJ, our Ik ii'm., WAttVBCI Monroe WAdtXlA Hmggold Co„ .19
looking for h i \ in Hunterdon* Warren and Ucean (uuuties, Pleaw LVingtatulations tu the fnl Inking thr upgrading thrHj licenses,
contact Mm it you are interested in this type vt appointment. specially a ymitig lady, WAtflTHCi wlm, has had Advanced Clnvt at
WN21.yV. a new turn in leaneck. k using a Uk>ho Scmtf mid age IS. New tatrai are WAJlO, KPHTF and WA0EKT. Ne«
HA-ttU receiver. WN2NDU Is new m hnglewood LlifT*. WN2K.I0 Advanced are W0K.H, W0KWK, WtlKJZ, K0BWK, K»JZV, K0LMA
hasanew 1KAVQ. WB2hhH is busy fixing rig trouble* ditto W2ZZ. WAflAVW, WAdLVT?, WA^OYS, WAO OZK, WAffTBG, WAtUCE
WA2DRH has a new keyei ami t'nmm 11 K The WA2YXQ WAHWSI, WAAYBO, WAriYlin. New l^eneiaU WA0KOJ. WA0
^itdcd refill to the shack, IV2PI-.V tried DX and aiirprisrd himself tttiV, WAtVYZ. WA0WYN, WA4YDK. WA<IYI;-M,
a tew tnrow WA2LDX wav tlroded out of hh home during
1-ek vtorm. WA2IISJ and WA2CGM report new 2-mcttr igear. WAglYkL, WA^VSU. WAff»YZC\ WA0ZFG, WAt \YA0Z1D
WA0ZYX. Out thanks to WASEJ for the above list. May is th*
WB2LTW is new in Jersey City and Is luokin* for a Puly^m 2B
numth fflr the si lM nomination and election. Although \\ has been
ircinuaL W2CVW report* Miixess on 220 and 432 uith his 2cMs.
u-ry ^atttyuift c\pcrienn* nn.l the (^inpmtlnn has been splendid
WA2fcl'X won first plaec in NJ. tor Tcnn, 0 S 0 Party. jruut present sc:M finds he c-annot ogntlnuv after the present term
WB2SKZ Uhusv winking on a 432»Mc. vunveriei, WN2LA0 reports AW Vrcq <MT yNt QTC .Wp
using a Dnke : B and HR-10B. WA2DBK. WA2CA1. WB2LSQ.
Iowa ?s H i n M-Sa ! Jl.i 2** MfLVI
WA2CXS, W A 2 W T and WA2AYZ all joined Navy MARS. KJUOl
lnwa &SH .W70 >^00 M-Sa hiTS 47 NVSYU
nrport* May J7 through May 24 will be Amateur Radio Week in
Iowa 1*0 1 HI 5 nooopy hi 5 X fcOTDC
Belleville. Contact W2FOY during that period on 2 meter* for a Tall Cam Jfi^n J.t (0 hv ( »mi um KaA/,
Apodal certificate. The Knight Raiders VHP Club is planning a i-ON-Fone 3^15 2JS0 TtiTb R4 iv \VA^I)Y>
hamfest tnr July 11. 1fc'A2HUS i* now on both 75 and 2. WB2JC1 IH.iN-CW 2350 M-h S WA*DYV
tos his 2-meter rig trouble k'leartd up. W20V jnd WA2BNF are PSHR: K i L V B 64, WAflOTQ VMIGG 37, Happy Spring-
lepitor* in the PVFTN WB2QQQ is in JA-Land with the Army.
time.
KIARU ik Active, with Vietnam phone patche* for Navy MAKS.
! rattic: <i>eb.) W0LC-X 2002. K.0AZJ 145, WA0VZH 110, R0JUI
VVB2JCI re pom his N.J. Chapter «1 the- NAHC meets Sun, at 9 A.M.
till, 74. W0KB t>H. KOWT 60, WAfHjLt; S2, K0URD47
on Ml 425 kHz. WA2DXX is n-rtrpcr^trpR after u r^ent HI new.
W m O i } 42, W0JPJ WA0M1T WA0QZL 14, WA0VBCJ ( 4
Traffic: (l-eh.) WA2BAN WA2fcN 536, K2DFI 405. K2KD0
k 0 r i K ) 11, W0DMX 9. K, W0BJZ WA0AIW6,K0LKK
ft, WB2DIKJ UK. WH2IFN 114. WA2FKZ 233. WA2DRH 190,
k0YVU 6, W0BW W0FMZ K01SA 2, WA0PUJ 1- ilan.
WA2DQK I in. WR2VPK H * . K20QJ 105.WA1LDX K*.WA2BIU
WfcUtn- i n
7*. WA2TM 74. WA2EUX 62, WA2I1SJ W2PI-.V 60. K2LKXT
WA2TAI'49, WA2BKL 3A. K2ZHI 33. WA2BCT 31. W2ZZ 29, KANSAS - Nl M, Robert M. SummOT, k 0 B X F - SRi: K,0bMB
WA20CF 24. WA2GM 24. WA2BNF 22.W2DKV2K VB2BXK 20» RAM; X0JMF. KM; R0MK1^ Vtlb PAM: WA0l:cW. V 0 B S P . Olathe
20. WAii'UT 20. W2CVW WB2VNZ 15, WA2YX0 1 dhd W0C1H, hdgerton, have joined Silent K«yi. On l eb- 21 J
WA2KZr 12, WA2CRP I K WN2FVH 10, K 2 M F X W2TFM 6. pn Ved up KtiJMF Jnii we journeyed to Dorado Tor the Annua
WA2NJH 5. W2CU 4. WB2BCS 2. WB2VFX/2 2. (Jan.) WB2RKJC Dinner inert ing iif fHARC. WAflCGS was the club's elects
4S5. WB2TUL 300, WA2RIN 184, WA2DNU 121, WA2GTE 15, Amateur nt the Ye-ir ConKntulatiom to W0KAJ, who Eecently wu
aw<i(ded the Sertuma Internationals "Service to Mankind" awaid foi
his 20 years of wurk. in hum radio. New otticen of thr Newnm ARC
are WA0SWS, pres.; K0JDB, vice-pn?*; WA0KZG, *cy.-trcas
K0LPE, net mgr. for HRN, announced hint J 4 a* the date o f tm
Annual H b N Picnic with the rvr or f 3th » t h e fun frolic and WRM
The event to he held at Lee's Summit, Mo. In conjunction with tta
picnic there also will he n mcrtinp of the Midwest Amateur Kadic
SUMLIMI. TOR more information, CONTACT K0LPE or K0IIGL W01M
recently twined an A&t. Director of the Midwest Division. Nei
wpurU for K b . : HBN, QNI 63V, OTC 107, Kant, WX Net, ONI
b36» QTC ft*. Kan-w* Fntf OFfke Net, QNI 1402, OTC 540 In
twwiuju. kaiaa* Plume Net, ONI 180, OTC 14 in 14 msion*. Kansas
Sideband Net, QNI "Ml), OTC 132 in 23 Wttkiru. QKS, the Kansas
csv net, reports QNI SQO and OTC in 56 session* Net M«rr K0MRI b
showing uff his new A1 Operator certificate, Zone 15 A k l X
75-Meter Net, ON I KO, O K " T in 5 * t q o n s . Zone 1 75-mcter Net
QNI 53, «3TC I and the 3-metcr Net, ONi 59, QTC 5 in 4«m<uu
Msh. AREC standings un V l / 7 0 - 424 member*, JO emenpiici
neta. Traffic: W41NH 54ft, WAOLBB 218, W0HI 205, K0MR1 110
K0BX1- iU7, K0JMF rn4. WA0LLC 87, W0CHJ 68. W0MA 66
W0GCJ 5b, WA0TZK 40. K0LPF- 35, WA0JEXT 34, WAtOWII 31
K0PSD 31, W0BGX 79, WA0UTT 28, K0EMB 23, WA0OZP 20
WA5HNN/0 K0UVFI13. WA0SEV 12, WA0SHG 12,K0F1CI9,
MUrTC KA1ID 8, WAWOG 8. WOFDJ 6. WA0SK<J) ft, WA0 HAS 6
WA0KDC 5, W0LYC 4.

MISSOURI - w M. Robtr J Pcnvler, W0BV. With deep reper

report the p u u t t r o f WftBUL, SFC for Missouri and former SCM, o i
£eh, One of our most vigorous spokesmen for amateur radio, aik
above all a good friend, he will he p a r t l y missed by amateurs if
Missouri and alt over the country. New appointments: WA0TXP aa
OPS, WflYZS as OVS. Appointments renewed: JC0ONK as OPS
ORS, KM, PA5L Net reports:
Set Fttq. /tone Aa;* Ateu. QNt QTC
MEN 3VOS 2 9.10 Z MWF 12 12 K0 K i l l
MON 3585 01007 Dy ^ 127 88 KTF AFC'N
MoPON 3933 2300Z M-fe. 14 109 WA«TA/
MWN 358* 034S7. Hv 303 \VA»KVI
PHI) SO .45 01307 Tue. 4 136 A \VA0KUt
These nets will meet one hout curlier iGMT) with the start ol
Daylight Saving lime. K0KUI) has been elcctcd mgr. ot MF.M
W0OUD was elected vice-pres, of 1 rhStute Radio C u b to fill tfi<
unexpired term of W6BCIL, WA0ZLU needs VK for WAC. WOTXfl
repurts favorable DX conditions for a change. We are flad to heai
WA0DGG, who i t bat* from Vietnam. Members of the Mules AKC
at Warrcnsbuift are txiildJnR a Heath Sft-101; operator* are R0B1X
WA0RTO and WAflZtS, WN4UNR has *one t o Puerto Rico U
teach math. W0VZS ha* worked W0DDX on 420 Mc. over a distance
tft tt irules. WA0RVR passed Advanced Class. The PHDARA will
hold a l u infest on May 17 at Shelter House One at Bennett Park ni
Liberty. WAATXP is experimentinK w i t h effects uf low-voltage
vlcctricity on the growth of ye^st cells. WA0RVR is working on «
program to run CAN by computer; Tom promises to felt us more
Hbout that later! Traffic: (Feb.) R0ONK 1579, KflAEM 303,
WAflKVR J 24, W0BV LL6, WA0EITN 94, WA0FQL 79. WA0VIN
W0OUD 21, WA0Q1A 15, W0BVL11, W0JKF 11. WAMCUH 6,
WA0WOA 6, WA0ZLU 4. W0GBJ 3. i J a a i WA0TAA 55, K01PL 1.

NEBRASKA - SOU, V. A . Cashon, KflOAL - Sfc'C: K0ODV

K 0 W F , Box Butte Cnunty EC. advises 2-Meter A R t C Net meet
Sjt. on 145.26 MHz at 0300Z. Feb. ONI 28. QTC 1. WtiHOP viiitei
his son and dimihter in W6-Und. WflEWF was in Florida until tlu
end of March, i f ytiu must leave a net prior to completion, NC&
would like to be informed. There have been instances when
unexcused vhcck-outs were recaUcd and just were not to be found
Your cooperation .is appreciated. New appointment; WA0SOP aJ
OPS. Renewed appointments: WA0DOU as ORS, K0BRS M OO
WA0IBL and WA0JKN as OPSs. Feb. net reports:
•\>f Fr+q. a\rrr*tv* QNt QTC Mf?r

NSN1 . W 2 0030 p v 1046 100 WA^LU^

NSN11 Ol 30 O r 81 WA0LU^
Nebr 16U l ^ S oiioUy 7 WADOA
NKB ^SHO 0400 Dy 1S1 41 WA^IM'!
LBSN JWTC 1230 1st M ^ U WAtfSOJ
NMN Mi 1330 Py 978 WA0JU1
WNN 1400 M-Sb W«Nlt
ARUC .WHa 1430 Su I Wf IR1
U1N 3482 1830 t>y 1051 71 WA^GHi
Traffic: iFeb.l K«UWK 1 % , W0LOD 158. WA0DOU 148, K»JT>
105. WAAtOR 105, WA61BB 41, KflJTW 38, WA6GH2 35
WA0JIH 34. W A 0 B W 33. WAfltfWR 32, WAflDCI 3(1, WAftCBi 28
WAtfTTM 27. WftFOB 26. WflNlK 24. WAdPCC 24, K0FRU 23
K«ODF 21, WA0BOK. 20. WpZOU 17, WflDMY 13, WA0FGV/0 13
WA0OLE 12, K0PTK i t . W0VEA 11, WADTMG 1O 1 WA0LOY9
WA0TET 8. WA0TOO 8. WA0DXV 7. WA0LE1 7, K0MUF 7
WftEXJ 6, W0RAM 6, WA« VJI 6. W0CEO 5, K.60AL 5, K0DGV 4
W*K:h 4* kpHNT 4, WA0OKC 4, W A f l X j X 4, WfRJA 4, W0AGJ
WA#B1J W A 0 U F 2, WAfKGD >« KttSFA WA0SOP :
W0YFR 2. tfjttffl I, WA0BSF I. WA0NVM ], X0UDW I. fJan
WA0V1T 2.

NHW ENGLAND DIVISION

CONNECTICUT SCM, j^hn McNassor, W l G V T - S W
WUIHR. RM: WA1HSN. PAM: K1YGS. V R F PAM: K l S X t , bcb
rcpurt.
Ntt Fr*((, Tim* 5Sr». <?7t
CN 3A40 1845 \yy tn
CPN .VJ65 1000 Su 1 SOU M-S JH7 \ts
VHb 2 iiOoM-S if) ^
VHK *i 2100 M«S m <
High Q N I s CN - WAIttOL, WAlCOTf, WA1LLB. CPN - WIGV1
J8, WAILLB and K I Y G S 25, WAIHOL 23, W1DQJ and K.1SXI
WIHMR 21, WIYBK 20. SEC WIUHR provide* publicity, dut
visits and new hC*. Jle uvuld appreciate aU fcC M v r m a t b n on yorti
area. The Annua J Directoi* keport from W1QV shows another ven
busy year. JVvmnr JVrwr de WA1HSN include* Siil' report anc
suggestions for improvement. Thanks to ON and CPN Member! whe
took port. CAR A ftewttetter from WIADW vwm the recent
Dan bury disaster - bombing and bank robbery - and immediate
response by members. Their previous work aided Police Communi
cations In time ot need! N s w MARS hcJd Conn. Area EC DjUJ Jfeh
Z L Now officers of Murphy's Marauders: k l J H X . pre*.; W1FTU,
vice-pces.; klGUJ), w y , Congratulations tu: WAlLLU nn BPL
WA1HOL on BPL and bxtra Class, WA1JVV, W A l l Y W ^ A l L f r H
WA1LGQ 4t\i W A K E * on Advanced WAtMCE «n (icnentL
WN1MK1 new Nuvtee, W1DF >m hit retirement! It's my pleasure to
uintimie h* SCM. Slrwre thanks tn S K 1 W1HHR, RM WA1HSN,
PAM R I Y G S a m l VHP CAM K1SXF for their help. They make the
w*irk w y . Appointees, \EC&i, nut rrprescntativcs. mail enntarts and
QS(K make it a plowm*. Clubs and ARRL make It worthwhile
Thank* » million! Traffic: WA1LLB WAIKOL 292, WIEFVI
221, W1KJK 173, WA1HSN 142. WA1JZC 107, WA1GHC [03,
W]KVO K I Y G S SK, m G V T 4 9 , W l A W 4 4 . W 1 0 V 2 3 . K 1 S X F
24, W1BD1 W1DCJJ 18. W1PNR I A, W1IIHR 14, W1YBH 14,
WAUMO 13, W A U V V 13. WA1JGA 12, WA1JOC 12, WA11-XS
to. w t c u h 9, w s c w m waiuws % wicn ? , w i m p w 6,
W1CIIS 4, K4CSY/12.
F A S r t RN MASSACHUSETTS - b'RANK L. Baker, Wt ALP -
WIAOti, (Kit » X \ is in V\m W N l M M T h W I Z t X ' s X Y L . W N l A I N X
Is K IS A Y S wn. W1KBN Is on with OBSs on 6 and HO. WICQT
nrporta that the NTFPN had 4 sessions. SO QNta, 8 traffic.
WAIMHJ is on 2 and 6. W4YAC/1 U working DX at WIMX and
building* new TC krycr. W1ALP and XYL attended Whitman Club
Ranqutt. W1FPW spoke of his experiences «r wa at a radio operator
at the South Shore Club meeting anunoed fay W1GM. WA1DJC hoi
an HW-100. WA1MIE is on 6. W1NF added an l.AEt-1 frenuciuy
marker to his c<tulpment and heard Oscar 6 times. W1NCK mobikd
to C/dIff, «ad worked the gnng Hack b m cvrry night nn (4, report*
WIPKV. Ex<ilKHW is writing in Norwood. W1DAL now is a
member <>\ AM)p. Lluh. K1TKI has a new HW-1? on the air.
r l u b met at W1MNKV WJFON moved to Walpole. K71RH/1 lost
his antenna. W N l M C Y i ^ m Ls mornings. W A l F N M h a s a S w u n - ^ o
and HW-m WAIKOW U uitivc in nets. WA1KZE has 4 BTV
McrttxL WAltVtf is in all contests and parties. W l U i P u y s
ARBC7RACI^ isimhined in a Boy &suut resnie drill during tfie
vatch for a tost child. W1I.E is new Radio Officer for Dartmouth,
K1CLM is selling old equipment and buying new. WAIJCjG is home
and cut of the Army. Six-Meter Cross Band Net had 17 seisions, 6 *
QNh, 1 traffic. KlBttK ts NCS on Tue. W l i PGX and OJM made
BPL, Waltham RC meets the l«t and Wed. of each month.
WAUKt; has 62 Ameco transmitter and HOI 10A receiver. Xsverian
Bios. HS RC has the coll WAIMNE in V/nttwoocL EM2MM bad 20
sessions, 154 O N K L5B traffic. WlirM/ZFlJI 1 ' and XYL
WISCS/zriRh w?re on from Grand Cayman. Capeway RC met at
WIUOH's. KiKNM is back bcreatpm. W1HJCJ, W1BU1' and K1ESC
made PS11R. WA1DUZ won the "Ham ui the Year" trophy from
the White man RC. i-nimtnglutm K C has had good attendance at its
mcL-ting*. KWhVi n guing to retire. W A U J Y Y and J HQ are new
OBSs, WAE J Y Y a new OR& W1KT has been endorsed as OO for
years. W1FJN has a ikw SB-Jill and H13. WIMPP and WTPS art
now at hnulkways (i^'nedd. Pa., Apt. M-t ^ and K m been
yetting on from WA3DMR'* g i l l . About 7ti showed up at the
mu ffnt of tfc <x>TC *t Lord Wakeiieid /nn. Middlesex ARC held a
meeting and then ustit to the Newton Red C m s Hq* tor a tour,
&1SAY spoke at the Quaiuiapowitt RA on "How to (fet the B u t
uut or yuur I'^uipmeut." WN1MMO is a new VL in Burlington.
CJDJU U vttilling over this month and will visit (JilJkK/L New
calls: WNIs MMN, MMl t MMM» MMQ, UMS, MUti, MMP, MMR1
MNA, MMT, MMV. MOB, MNJ. W A U MMK, M N f , MOCj4, MNP,
 MNR, MML, MMD, MLU. MLL, to WNls: MM!, MUG, MMH
MMF,MLY.MI-R, MLI\ MLS. MLT. MLg, MU, MIA MK7„ MLB
MLA. Traffic: W1PLX Utitt, WIcjJM 7u4, WIQYY 418, WA1*.Y\
411, WAlbAD 177, W1BUF WU1KI 103, K1KSG 100
UrAUYY 55, WAIIF* So, WA1UL 4V, W11X1M 42. WICTR 40
WAlkO-W 34, WlUX MK WA1KZL iV. W1A1K: 2K, WAIDPX 27
WA1FHU 15, W1UJF h, WA1FMC R l u k L H1CLM 2, W i l l
KITKI 1,

WORKED ALL MASS. CITIES AND TOWNS CONTEST

AND AMATEUR RADIO WEEK CERTIFICATE
This contest, sponsored by the Man* Chapter of the National
Awards Hunter Club. Jn conjunction with the STM of tc. Mm., win
take place *mm (MMll HMT June 14 t o ? 4 w G M T June 20 with no
time Ji mi tat ion on any authorised amateur frequency and mode. It
ii open to nil amateur*. The evL'tiange will hr signal report, city or
town, county and state. Logging information; date, time, frequency.
Scoring hy&teni; one point fur each Mm. city or town. Each city or
town may be worked once for credit. FINAL SCORE tl the number
uf different dtles and towns worked multiplied by the number of
different counties worked, i Multiplier* KI* the Mat*, counties. a
total of 14.) Contact* with community cirhdfvMnnft of a eity or
town cuunt only tor the city or town. (Example: Hyanuis to part
nf Barnstable, Dnrehmter i* part of Boston, etc.* Awards; a
minimum of 10 point* total s u r e it required for cllgihflity fur any
awbrd- A certificate will be awarded to the winner in each state and
country. Certificates will be endorsed for hand and mode only If
requested. Second and third place dinners wdi be advised hv letter.
Decisions uf the fudges will he riiul. 1*he receipt deadline tt Julv 31,
w i n . Send your log to barren Baker, W l D t k , oo Retford Street,
Mattapan, Mast. 02126 the Man. Amatanr Radio Week
Certificate, during the same time period, Man. amatews mutt work
lb other Mm. amateurs, the r a t of New England must work B
Matt. amateur*, alt other amateurs in the U.S. must Work A Mam.
amateurs and l>X, Including KHft/KL7, must work 1 amateurs.
Exchange signal report, county and state, Same lugging In formation
above. Amateurs who submit logs meeting requirements will be
iavjed a certificate signed by the fJovemor of the Commonwealth
who has proclaimed the week iune 14-20 to be Mass. Amateur
Kadio Week. Application* mu*t he received no later than July 31,
Accompanied by a No. IU siaa adf*addres*rd atamped envelope. 1>X
nuy enclose I IRC. Send applications to Bill Hotllday WAIF? A, 12
Trudy Terrace, Canton, Mass* 02021

MAINE - SCM, Peter h. Sterling, K1TFV- stfO: KICLF. PAM:

WA1FLG. KM: WlHiC. KSTSC and XYI„ W5FJ0, are uuw
stationed ui Topsham ax WiFIt) and W1PKD. WA1JTT tractive on
3 meter KTTY. The farmers Net, which went oft the air in 1941,
has been reactivated and is uxing the old 1840 frequency and meets
w h Sat. from 19UU to 2100. New hams in Maine art; WN1MKY,
WA1MLU, WA1MMC, WA1MMA. Welcome to the fraternity. New
appointments: WA1JFX as O K . K1RSA/JCIFFIK as OVS.
K4U0V/1 cs a new ham in the Milbridge area. W A 1 M E Y Is a new
Advanced Class licensee in the Bangor aiea. MeJNJIJVL Net mceta
on 3685 at 23302: Sea Gull Net meets on 3940 MOSU through Sat.
at 1700; Pine Tree Net meets at 1900 on 3596 MOIL thiuugh Sun.
We are tooking for NCSa fur the PTN. Anyone interested In one
ni*ht a week on the net, please get ui touch with WtBJG. Traffic;
W\GU 60, WA1JFX 56, WA1KL0 10, WA1FCM 7. •
NfiW HAMPSHIRE SCM, Donald Morgan, K1QES - S U ' :
K1RSC. RM: K1BCS. PAM: KtAPQ. Welcnme.ro WN1MLZ, of
Portsmouth. Also we ate pleased to welcome the Twin State Radio
Club of West Lebanan, an affiliate nf ARRL. W1EIPM, the
Manchester Kadio c .'hib, n-ports much interest In rode and theory
classcK from Novk-e through Advanced dais and other very
wurthwhile actMty. WUV/KIOIZ is Jn Lancaster, Calif., for SAX
month* and report* wocking W1GUE daily while fn route with his
HW-10a KIBCfi is busv with traffic and local Red C m s program.
K1TXC « back In Suliabnry for the funtmcr. WiSWX reports CO
activity* abo woiking HS5ABD. R1AC reports a eleannip campaign
along the Saco. River in which It is expected many hams will
participate and fumlih communications WA1KTX reports contacts
with several countries u*tng 25 watts on 20 meters. New flamp^hire
contacts seem to be in demand for the 5B-WAS award. New uVS
appointee is W1ISM. and new ORS u WA1KTX. CSPN reporU 670
check-ins and 101 traffic. Certificate endorsement t* accessary a'
you still would hold vour appointment. Tmflk: WA1JTM 320,
KIBCS 169, WA1GCE feLUjfcS WA1KTX 7.
RHODE ISLAND - SCM, John Johnson, KIAAV - .SIX4:
W1VNE. RM: W1BTV. PAM: W1TKL. VITF PAM: K1TPK.
Appointments; W1VNH as SKI* and OO. R1SPN report: 2H wnnn^,
S77 QNI» t l trafUc. W1YNF luu returned as SFC of Krl. Gordon
now lives at 13 York Drive, Coventry, R-L 02ft Ift.He will be happy
to hear from all former LCs as he plans to reorgtniT* the AR£C io
the area. If your EC appointment hasexpuedK contact him at o n ^
WAKJXn ivpurH thai he iius xuvml antenna projects under
uimmiction and is waiting tor spring to gut Them in the air. W1M.N
I las ninipktoit the SB-2211 and hope* to gpt it on ttu» air soon*
WNll.SV earned a total of 6664 poihts in the Novk-e Roundup. He
jud several other hams havu started a Nanaganvtt Hsry Net whfch
iLK-i'txSut, and Sun. at 2mnciMTon 371ft MH*, The purpose of the
net i* to get acquainted with other ham* in the are*. In a recent
L-lwtiun at the Newport Ccmzity \RV. the following of fleer* were
elected: WB2HPW/1, pres.; W1WLC, viro-pitt: WNIKLR. treas.;
1 niik Sturtevant, rec. w y . : WAJJJO, con. secy. Traffic: W1TXL
JilA. K1VYC r y K i g i ' D 22, WA1J5T 8. WlFLN 6.
VERMONT - S( M, I Reginald Murray* K1A1PN -
Fteq. t;\rr {fTC YUp-.
Cir.Mt. 39 \1 1230 M-S 27 WAULZ
Vt. tone r400 su MO 1 WAU.DI
MNV 7JJ0 M b 207 162
CAKKIKK JV4S 1400 M-> 310 27 WIKKD
VTLD J ^ y u h I50U Sti * W1AD
VTPO ruiosu 10V 24 fcl BOB
VTSB MSQ M-S M? liS WAJ HSG
I J3i>
Welcomc to new Novice WNIMU fSt, Johnsbury) and new General
WA1JXN (Middlehuty). DonV torgrt to advance your clocks Apr.
?fi. All net* will prohuhly follow locul time. Mark Aug. 16 for
International Kield Day at Charlotte, Thank* to all persons who
assisted in "Green-Up" day Apr, 13. Congrats to editors and
publisher* of Greta Mountoinetr. Traffic: MBQB 241, WA1GKS
IU6, WIFRT 71, KIMPN 39, KIYG1 10.
WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS - SCM, Percy C Noble, W16VR
- SFC: WAIDNB. CW RM: W1DVW. We still need a PAM for
75-mcter phone. WA1LNF i s a new ORS. WA1JYB got hi* General
and » going after Advanced. New Technician: WN1HLP. WN1MKL
is a new Novice ui Pitt&ffcld. West. Mast. AftEC has a Sun. session at
0830 on 39 35 kc. AQ West Mass. stations arc welcome. W J KRC has
a Irl-hand beam for [0,15 and 20. RM W1DVW reports that WMN
had 171 QNIs and handled 12? memoes with the following highest
in attendance: W1BVR, K1SSH, WA1LNF, WIDVW, KUJV and
W1ZPB. An excellent organisation meeting of the AREC was held at
OP Area flq, in Belcher town on Feb. with the fallowing in
attendance; W1ALL* WAIDNB* WIDVW, WllUB, W1NDW,
W1QFB and WISTR. Feb, speaker at the HCRA was G3XPN. who
*poke »n amateur radio in Fngland* Wl MOK. has a 5-watt transistor
HH-tneter ew transmitter and is realty working *em. New officers of
the CMARA are K1VNT* pres.; KIHIS. v r e g r e t ; WAiJBV, secy.;
K1RNC, treas. Feb, speaker was Sister Ann Marie Marshall. At the
t-eb, meeting of the VARC two IL of M. Professors gave a talk on
transmission lines and matching of same. Attendance at the meeting
w of total membership. Frror in last month's report:
WN1I.GU has the bedroom in Japanevderor - not K1AGL Solly.
The former has a two-page poem entitled MA Primer of Ham Radio"
along with the vartoons to go with it in the VARC Bulletin. It's a
dllly. Traffic: W1ZPB 121* W1BVR 68. K1SSH 63. WIDVW 57,
KIIJV 48. WAiLNi* 22, WlIHI 20, W1PUO 20, WA1DNB
WlllRC 2.

NORTHWESTERS DIVISION
ALASKA - SC'M, Albert K Weber* KUADQ - KL7s DR7 and
l-JW have both worked IILCt In Bologna, Italy via SSTV,
Understand the hoy* on the Pacific Coast have turned brilliant
green. It should be noted that KL7DRZ is running the World-Wide
SSTV Net Mon. through Sat. at 18Q02 on 14,232. John is in
Juneau, incidentally. KL7EW0 is with the White Alice system and
hu* ju»t been transferred to Granite Mountain. He plans to run 2
meters from there, aimed toward McKinlcy. I he Northland Club is
issuing a real nice certificate. Anyone interested can get the
information from any of the NARC members. Understand that
KL7FLO is back at Seward after a fling of a yeir or so on the chain
and down at Yakitat. KL7IIB Is headed for radioman sellout in the
Navy after finishing boot Lamp at San Diego, Rumor has it that
ex-KL7CLH will be at the new Cumsit station ut Talkectna. 1 raffle;
KL7CAH 135,
IDAHO - SCM, Donald A, Crisp, W7ZNN - The E ARM Net
convenes each day at 0200 GMT on 3935 kHz. The Idaho RACES
Net cunveitea weekdays ut 1515 GMT cm 3991 kHz. The Clearwater
Valley Club at Oroflno has been affiliated with the League. W7GHT
has qualified tor the new Honor Roll award. The Lewis ton*
(larkston Club is tpontoring a local workshop to i n v e r t tm
equipment to the 2-meter band Hie Annual Weather Net banquet
was held at Coeur d'Alene. K7LRD received the "Ham of the Year"
Awird for his outstanding performance as an H:w W7GHT was very
QRL in a louil production of "Hello Dolly" in Boise. W7PT filled in
for W7GHT on KN7. W7JK had one of the leading parts in the
production. 1 he newiy-elccted Gem State (Tlub officers are W7CXG,
prat.; W7IWU, vivoprea.; K7RJH, aeey.; WA7MXM, treas. M K M
Net report; 29 nasions, HK3 check-ins, 1*7 traffic banditti. Traiti*:
fC7KBX 398, WIGHT 315. WA7BDD 45, W7P15 16, W7ZNN 15,
K7CSL4.
MONTANA - STM, Joseph A. IV Any, W7TYN - S W ; W7RZY.
PAM: W7ROF-. Appointments: VA7MKY « Uecr I adge Co K \
Endorsement*: K7SVR as KC New nffiivT* » t the l.fimvl Radio
Club axe W70C5J, pre*.; K7JAT. lice-pre* ;W7LBK, ^ y., K7MOW,
JCL. mgr. New officers of the Anaconda Amateur Radio t.'Jub nrc
W7TYN, pres.; K7S1K, Vfccprcs,; K70FK, m y , ; WA7BPY. tnsa*.;
W7TU0, act. mgr. W7L0C has moved into the xtgte from Arirnna.
WA7LRX haft put the Heiene High School Vo-Tcch Radio Club
station on the air. K1?TQ has been talking with W7RUL in the
Great Fall* area via 2-meter fm. W7LNU and WA7PBN both have
new » b rigs on the air. K70LK, W7TC7C and W7BC haw just
returned from a trip with their wives to Spain. K7MSB is moving
from Helena to Flint. Mich. We shall all mis* W7CPS, who paued on
recently. The FUN in the state still needs representation m some
uties. Look up WA71ZR on 39SU in the evenings at U245 on the
Montana Post Office Net and he will give vou all the details an
joining. Mont. PON fratrfc: 14U. Traffic: W7I.RK M , WA7IZR 37.
K7<\jj l i .

OKtGON - SCM, Date t Jutfice, K7WWR - W7HIF.

KM: K7GGQ. PAM: K7KQZ, &vtion net reports: K7ZQU reports
FOI the Henver State Net, HCSMOIU i 6 , trail tv JU5, umtact* 262,
check-ins 1277. K7YCJM report* frr the A RISC Net, unions 2H,
traffic 24, contact! 42, rheck-ins 449. K7GG0 reports tor the USN,
virions 20, traffic 41, check-ins 114- K7(1UI< reports tor the NsN,
srttion* 2B. traffic 1116, chock-ins 3.12. A orw Nnvk-e in Grants Pass
is WN70CX; new Novice m St. Helen* u WN70AI. WA7FTN
handled 1071 phone patches to S.k Asia during heh. He nl*o ha* a
2-meter rig working into the Fngene rrpcater. WA7I.D£ and
K7WWK arc having a race for 5RWAS honors. 1 tame: K7KQK411,
WA7HKV WA7K1X 163, WA7II S U * , WA7K1U 9S, K7GUF
64, WA7KDU 63, K7GGO 52, K70FG 43, W7ZB 4«, K7YQM 14,
WA7KRH 30, K7WWR 2 ^ W7HL1- 12, W7WX 13, WA7JAW 1 .1,
W7MIJ K7KPT 7.
WASHINGTON - ScU, Harry W. Lewis, W7IWI - Hie Radio
Chih of facoma »ud *\soctated sponsors announce th^hig State
Manifest near iaooma on July 11 and 12- Nightly QSTa arc hclni
given on 3970 kH? via the WARTS Net. Space U available for
overnight camping, along wcth trailer spucc and hook-ups. There M ill
be demonstrations of SIOWIMUI televtiloru video tape recording and
presentations of "The Ham's Wide World." The Skagit Radio Club
held it* Annual Manifest in April with the usual good (urn- out. fine
fund and the good time had by a!L The YLa of the area had a dinner
in Seattle during the early ipring and several from out of state were
in attendance. Thine aigning the roster were W7WMS, W7FIU,
WA7ICMC, WA70MX. WA7DGM, K7RNI:, WA7DXF, WA7DXI,
W7RVM, K7ADI, K7NZO, W7NIS, W7WLX, K7AMJ, R7NKZ,
W7WHV, W7LXO, K7IAO, K7KHU, W7XXTS, K7NXO, WA7MKB,
K7NQR, W7ZUV, W7QME and W7gGP. At the lUMt meeting of
the Puf9?t Sound Council of Amateur Radio Out* nominations for
"Ham of the Year" were rtceivwl. WA7CYY of Hveivtt, Wnsh.
\V7AXT has resigned a* EC after per syndrome lack of interest in
Kitsap County. Wally tried radio announcements over KBRO, a
Bremerton Newspaper and a number of direct mailing*. Total replici
totaled ttro. WA7KOB is now a member of Navy MARS ai NflQBEL
Following the restgnation of W7DZX we hear that W6VNO has been
appointed Director TCC Pacific Area Staff, (lallam County
Amateur Radio Club not only has 59 members, but all have paid
their dues for 1970! tix-WN7BWC is u hclkopter pilot in Vietnam
and has just been awarded the Air MedaL The son of VV7MCW Is glto
a helicopter pilot and has just left for Vietnam. W7PI is working
very long flour* and Sun. besides. Seems he isduc to retire in just a
few weeks. Traffic: W7BA I7bl> W7DZX 375, W7F1 306. W7AXT
164. W7APS 77. W7B0 WA7KOB 74, W7BUN 62, W7GVC 62,
W7JEY 50( W7JWJ 44, W7USO 34, W7AIB 15, W7RXH 14,5C7SUX
10, WA7ACQ S, R/LRD 6, W71EU 5,

PACIFIC DIVISION
BAST BAY - KCM, Paul J. Parker, WB6DHH - WAhUlL hak
taken on the job nt RM. With this job go all the respumrhilities of
keeping me informed on i-w activity in the section. I Would lure
enjoy hearing trom more ot the people in the suction. New officers
in the test Bay Radio Club arc W6JKV, pres.; UA6bZJ*vice-pns.,
WA6FKM, 2nd vi»pres.i WB6ZAC, Jrd vice-prcs.; WN6PZC, ieLy.;
WN6HTM. trees. The lanuary SARO matinguw WA6PKN give his
very interesting slide/lecture talk of hn experience* in Africa
W61PW reports that H <tmp project has been keeping him away from
the traffic world. W6RGG reports that the Nnr Cai 1>X f luh vhf
bulletins arc going oat on schedule. WA9FDU/6 has finally fot his
inverted "V*1 up to 40 feet and found that there really were people
checking into Northern Calif* Net along with himself. The NCN
meets daily oo 3630 kHz at 0200 and 0330Z. K6PJ enjoyed
working in both the ARRL DX Test and the Novice Roundup this
year. W6UZX reports having a very FB time in the CW DX Contest
W6TTS finaDy got his linear together and is working on a vfo to
make his Heath Apache calm down a little. Another note on the
District 6 QSL Bureau. There b a peat necfd for thoae who hive not
ttnt in any envelopes to claim the cards they have earned. The
address of the Bureau is now in QST under ARRL QSL Bureau.
WAftUlL reports that his traffic total is down because he is out
looking for a « r . WB6NMT/6 sent in another outstanding report on
the 2?n MHz world of EME. Traffic: WA6D1L 205, WA9FDU/6
W61PN 121,W6U£X7.

HAWAII - SCM, Lee R, Wical KH6BZF - SEC: KH6GQW. RU:

KH6AD, PAM: KH6GJN. QSL Mgr.: KH6DQ. ECs: KH6s GPO,
CrLU, BAS, GKV/KR6, KX6FT, KC6E) and W7UZH/Cuam.
RAl!CS Nets coordinate with KH6AIN, Radio Officer.
Nets Ttmtt(GMT) Days
Friendly 7.290 20302 M-F
Boy Scout 21,340 IS002 Sa
Pacific Inter island 14.331 08302 MAV-F
Micronesia I4.33S 08002 Tit'Th4a-tiu
$-£. Asis 14.320 10002 Atl
Pacific Typhoon I4,2«9 During typhoon alerts
Confusion (Patches) 21.400 01302 Atl
Gecko (KG6 IdsJ 14.315 10002 Th
Remember: The 1970 combined Pacific-Southwestern Divisions
convention will be held In Fresno, CaL. at the Hacienda Motel
(Fresno Travel Host) at 99 Freeway at Clinton May 15-17, Write
WB60SH, Chairman, P.O. Box 783. Fresno,Ca. 93712 for last-
minute details. New News: The I nterilland and Miaonesia Nets now
provide traffic outlets lor the Pacific every day of the week. Thanks
to KX6BU and KH6AQV/KC6RS for their NCS actions. KR6FT
jnd family pawed through HNL for a visit before returning to the
Mainland. KH6SP completed the coveted 5BWAS in.one month.
Welcome ex-KR6AO to the "islands." KH6HDA has been reassigned
to HL^Land and WA9EOO, another operator at KH6SP, (o
KC4-LancL KH6GRQ has a new Dodge Charger. KH6GRC visited
KH6EXR on Maui recently and both visited the new 2-meter
repeater site on ML Haleafcala. W6EWV visited KH6BAS during a
trip to Kau&u. KHbLP lost his Mini-beam in a recent storm,
KH&HCM, ex-W7UXP/KH6 back in f 6l- f 64, is working on 5BWAS.
He helped K1HNO/KB6 put up a new antenna and S0-ft. tower.
W7UZH/KG6 n vporting a new 7 0 Toyota Land Courser, Jim was
recently elected m y . of the Marianas ARC. KH6GF1 is on with a
new HyGain 18AVQ. KIHNQ/KH6 works the Astro Net at ObOOZ
on 3V90 kHz. KH6U works ZKlAA every night on 50 MHz T-E. I
wish to welcome K1HN0/KH6, our new OPS on the North Shore of
Oahu. Traffic-: (Feb.) KH6GQW 34. KH6BZF 2ft. KH6GRG 20,
KIHNO/KH6 10v KLH6BAS 1, KHtU 1, KH6SP1. (Jan.) KH6HCM
68. UMLP 24, W7UZH/KC6 1. (Dec.) KH6LP S4, KH6GRG IS,
KH6BAS 4, W7UZH/KG6 1,
NEVADA - SCM, Leonard M, Norman. W7PBV - SEC:
IVA7BEU. Hats off to the gang putting on the SAROC Convention.
Plan now to attend the Siena Hamfest *SaL, Aug. 22, at Bowea
Mansion, midway between Carson City and Reno. QSL to K7ZAU,
Nevada QCWA Chapter chairman W7CSB and secy. W7CMV report
increased OCWA activity. WA7ARZ is a schoolboy spin tbr a few
weeks. K7USR is active on RTTY. W7CSB is active on cw. W11KE
was a guest speaker at SAROC W7PRM is still out looking for that
yellow and silver stuff. License plate collectors might do well to
contact W7PBV for a new Nevada plate* Sierra Nevada Amateur
Radio Society has an FB code and theory class going with over 60
students* Don't forget the Paclfl&Southwesteni Division ARRL
Convention in Fresno May 15-17. WCAJLS-7255, using the special
event call WC7ARS, did an FB job at SAROC in connection with
Amateur Radio Week in Nevada. A special WC7ARS QSL card is
available to those who worked WC7ARS, QSL to P.O. Box 73,
Boulder City, Nev. 89005.

SACRAMENTO VALLEY - SCM. John F. Mink** flL W6KYA -

5FC- W6SMU. Those or you who are interested in forming
emergency communications systems in your areas, please contact
oar new SEC. At present there is only one EC, WA6TQJ in Yok>
County. League appointments for this section now are at an all-time
low since I became SCM. The North Hills Radio Club sports three of
them - the SCM, SEC and an RM - and only has a membership of
ahout 15 amateurs. Any of you fellows interested In an appoint-
ment (ORS, OPS, OBS, OO, etc.), drop meg line, Novices interested
in forming a net on 7175 at 2 P.M* week ends should contact
WB6ZJV. TDY trips lave kept WSVDA/6's traffic count to a
minimum. Former OPS/OBS WB6MAR«c operating from Bullhead
City, Ariz., with a brand-new Swan 5uflC with a remote vfo to boot.
K6B1Q, vf WUhiwk, received a cash award for outstanding work in
the conversion of the forest service radio system, l raffle: 0'eh.)
WKVDA/6 146, K6YBV S i , K6YZU 10, W6KYA 2. (Jan.) WB6ZJV
18,
SAN FRANCISCO - SCM, Kenneth $. McTaggart, KtoKM - All
section appointees arc jixked to submit their reports to K6SRM.
Acting SCM, until an SCM election procedure has been completed,
W6KCJ reports food result* In the t'ctv MIT- W6AJfr discovered hit
432 army was no longer rota table because of rust in the amy rings,
ftntunately, the antenna was pointed toward the more active part
of the area. SEC W6WLV looks forward to reports from lection
ECs. 0 0 W6EAI reports that heavy rainfall this winter made
antenna repairs necetraiv, WA6AUD keeps busy with his West Coast
DX Bulletin, a weekly chore, jnd the job of Pacific Dtvwlon
Vice-Director. Section members interested in traffic ihould catch
NCN, 3630 kite at U300Z, or NCN/2, the %\ow speed net, 3b3U kHz
4t 0430Z. WA6AMH has obtained a new Advanced Class license.
WB6HZZ remains active with mobile work during Ids commute to
V K ond 160-meter activity. Traffic: (l<cbjWA6BYZ 328* W6WLV
1 iVT W6RQ 2, (Jan,) WbWLV 308.
SAN JOAQUIN VALLKY - SCM, Ralph Saruyan, W6JPU - \ his
is your last opportunity to send In your reservations to the Fresno
Amateur Radio Club* P.O. Box 783, so that you can attend the
Pacific Division Convention, to be held at the Hacienda Motel, May
15-16-17, 1970- The Delta Amateur Radio Club meets the 3rd
E;ri.of each month at 7;30P.M.at the Dan Webster Jr. High School,
the Tulare County Radio Club held its Annual Breakfast with
W61LR in charge. New officers of the Kern County Radio Club are
WB6WCY, pres.; WB6ZWG, 1st vico-pres^ WBtiJhH, .2nd vtce-prcs.;
WB6KZG, treas.; KbAPt. iecy. l h e club meets the 1st and 3rd I n.
uf each month at the Naval Training Center. W6YKS has 118
countries arid is in his new shack. The Madera Amateur Radio Club
is now affiliated with AKRL. K6RGZ is conducting Novice classes
In Hanford. W6FZA received his b.xtra Class licenv, WftAKK is the
trustee of the TCARC 2-mctcr repeater, W6DCP is on 2-meter sab.
W6PPO has a Galaxy V and checks ui the Weather Net. k6RPl, is
chasing DX on 2D meters, WfcJLL ts heard on 75 «b. WB6KHB is on
10-meter *tbT fttoAPh a teaching Novices in Bakcxsfiekl. Traffic:
WA&SCIi 1J6.IL6KOL 135, WAblUB 36,
SANTA CLARA VALLEY - SCM, Albert h Gaetano, W6VZT
RM: WA6LVA, By now I am sure all of you have beard ot the
passing of W6VZI1., OUT SLC. Charlie was a very active ham lor many
tears and an outstanding participant in all cmcrgency exerciser We
will certainly miss him. W6AUC has been working a lot of European
jbtutions im 10 meters lately. W6BPT now has RTTY on 2 meters
and is using it for handling traffic in the local area. W6BVB was low
in activity this month hccau»e he spent two weeks in Washington,
D t C KgDYX has built a apwl regulator for his kcyer and now can
accurately hold it at 10„ 20. etc,. wpm. Would like to welcome
k m u f l to SCV ATI avid tralffc men are sure needed. Ken, and
yuu fin that bill. W6MMG has found that being a QSL mgr. for a DX
station (KC6RS) is wire a lot of hard work. Would like to welcome
WN60MK to the amateur ranks, tie already is very active as he did
quite well in the Novice Roundup. W6YHM has his modified 30K
running and n now hick un the air, The reactivated Santa Clara
Valley 2»Meter Net. controlled by WA6YPF, had a lot of
participation through Heb with an average chrck-in of twenty guys
p a nemon. If you would care to check in they are on w r y Tuc. at
x t f n p.m. PST on 146.0 kHa. W6ZRJ has been so busy lately with
his Director functions that he never seems to be home at night any
moo;. In fact his XYt„ K6BGM, hat been running the code practice
for him quite a bit lately. Traffic: W6RSY 693, WA6L£A 177,
W6NW 134, W6DEF 103, W6VZT 94, K6DYX 89, W6AUC 49,
W6BPT 40, W6BVB 36, WA6GTF 18, W6YHM 17, W60I1 9,
K2E1U/6 8, W6RFF8.
ROANOKE DIVISION
NORTH CAROLINA - HLlM, Catvin M. Dcmpscy. WA4UOC -
Asst. SCM: James a Pullman.W4VTR. SliC: W4EVN. RM: W4IRK.
PAM: W4AJT* VHf PAM: W4HJZ, The Yadkin Valley Amateur
Radio Club is now affiliated with ARRL. Good luck to K4WLV ami
all the gang. K4PKK is now K4NU. t-B, Bob. W4WXZ now has a
30L1 linear on and he says traffic-handling is a little easier. K4NU
has a new HW-100 which he just built and put on the air. K4CAX
says he enjoyed participating in the Novice Roundup, ARRL CW
DX Text. YL-OM Contest and the Vermont (JSO Party. He suggests
w* have an N,C, QSO Party. Our U(H are doing a good ]ob. I need
net reports by the 7th ot cach month. Only one report th» month,
N . a SSB 3V38 kc. 0030Z Duly QTC 78 Mgr.WA4KWC
Traffic: W4EVN 691, WB41CF 604, WB4GAN 368, K4TTN 126,
WB4ML1 59, WA4GMC 50, WB4HGT 44, W4WXZ 38, WA4VNV
22. K4VBG 20, WA4UOC 15, W4ACY 10, WB4JMG 7, WB4HGS 6,
WA4KWC 6, K4CAX 4, K4MC 4.
SOUTH CAROLINA - O a t l u N, Wnght, W4PED - SEC:
WA4ECJ, PAM: W4VFO. RM: Vacant.
CN: 3573 kHz Daily 23457, <*nd 03007,
SCPN: 3930 kHz Daily Noon; Sun. 0830 and 1530 EST
SCSSBN: 3915 kHz Daily OOOOZ Fcbu Tfc.: 123
WB4CBJ reports that the Carolina Repeater Society hi* erected two
170-ft. t o w s at its Edmund and Gaston sites, Flans are underway
to mount vhf/uhf antennas and move equipment from temporary
locations to these permanent sites. WA40WY has resigned as RM
becauw he is entering the Armed Forces. Well miss Bill and hope he
makes it hack in record time. Activity reports were almost
non-existent this inunth. How about writing sometime? Traffic;
W10A/4 171, W4NTO 106, WB4CBJ 58, W4PED22.
VIRGINIA - SCM, Robert J- Slagle, K4GR - AsstSCM Albert
El. Martin, Jr., W4THV, SEC; WA4PBG. PAM: W40KN. Asst^EC
WB4CVY. RMs: WA4EUL1K4MLC,W4SHJ. SE Vs. Assn. had fine
write-up in Virginia Pilot with pictures. Thanks to W4AKN, who
camc forward with facts and figures and kept car license plate feei
from being increased. WDM has been chasing DX Contests.
WB4FJK. handled 283 pieces of traffic In one week end home from
school! WB4FDT is half-way toward 5BWAS with confirmed Q S U
W4GEQ is muving. K4JM remarks on'the fine gentlemen met in
Novice Roundup. W4YZC worked 7 countries in one night on 7
MHz cw, mobilel W4TE receives traffic but XYL K4LMB has to
relay! W4KAO is back at work after being hospitalized. W4WBC ii
traveling too much. Hopefully the XYL of W40P is through with
therapy. WB4LQV is drooling over acquisition of an I T DX-56D
transceiver. W4JHK made his fust CD Party in 20 yean. Out
Director, W4KTC, attended an Executive Committee meeting; 3
club meetings and two net banquets and had 101 contacts in Novice
Roundup, 303 In phone and 473 In CW DX Contest - didn't report
hit npare. time activities! We need PAM, RM and OBS support on 40
and 20; so need more stations reporting. Remember the news
section is independent of the traffic reporting unless something
unusual is noted and we need more stations reporting in with traffic.
Come up on the nets where Virginia gentlemen and tadJci
concentrate f daily, local time):
VSBN 6:00 KM, J93S
VSN 6*30 " 3*60
VN 7:00 " 3660
V^ 7?30 M" 3*47
VSBN 10:00 3431
Traffic: (>eb,> K4KNP 404, K4KDJ 274, W4UQ 205, WB4CVY
201, W4RHA 175, W4TK 126, W4NLC 109.WA4JJF76,WA4PBG
W4TJF 50, K4PQL 41, W40KN 38, W4DM 36, WB4FJK 31,
K4GR 24, W4SHJ 24, W40BE 23> W4ZYT 23, WR4FDT 20,
W4GEQ 14* W4THV 13, WB41RA 12, K4JM 11, WA4WQG
K4VCY 9, W4KLX 8, W4MK 8, W4YZC 8, K4LMB 7, W4KFC 6,
WA4YRH 6, W4JHK 5, WA4NJG 5, WB4HNJ 4, W4KAO 4, K4TSJ
4, W40P 2, W4WBC 2. (Jan.; KfKDJ 365, WB4FIK 283«WB4JEZ
93, K4FSS 87, WB4LQV 51, K4MLC 50, W4JHK 5, W40P2.

WEST VIRGINIA - SCM, Donald B- Moms, WfliM ~ SBC:

WASNDY. RM: WB8BBG. PAMs: W8IYD, KSCHW. Phone Nrt
mgr.- WB8AQE. Because of retirement and moving to Florida,
W8FV has resigned as SEC. WA8NDY, of Buckhaiuton, has accepted
the SEC post and all amateurs interested in ARPSG should contact
him. It is with deep regret, 1 report the passing of John McOord,
K8KZR. WN8FYY is a new Novice in Bellngton. K8QEW, K8BCF
and W8HVB report good publicity in local papers on their EC
activity. W8HZA reports 22 prospective Novices attending classes
held by Kanawha Radio Club. W8HVB reports formation of a radio
club in the Berkley area. WVN Phone Net, with 27 sessions and 298
stations, handled 57 messages. .CW Net held 49 sessions with 268
stations and 126 messages. Trt-State ARC of Huntington plans its
annual ham-picnic in June at Camden Park. State-wide RACES-CD.
Net meets Sun. at 1300 on 3996JtHz. Mountain State Emergency
Net Is active each Sun. at 1330 on 3920 kHz. State Council-
Convention meeting was held at Parkertburg. Remember State
ARRL Convention at Jacksont Mill* July 4 and 5 and Roanoke
Division Convention, Raleigh, N,C„ Oct 31. Traffic! WB8BBG 207
WA8NDY 65, WA&RQB 56, WVHZA 50, W8CKX 36, W8JM 28,
W8JWX 24. WA8ZZI 22. WB8AQE 20, WASWCK 16, WA8LFW8,
WA8YHH K80EW 7. WA8YWK WBBAST 2, K8QYG 2,
WB8AKR1, K8BCK 1, WA8VQT 1.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION

COLORADO - SCM, Charles M. Cotteiell, W0S1N - Looking to
the future, tests have already begun on 1981.5 kHz In the 160-meter
band. W0LRW has been appointed 160 PAM und we are in hopes vt
having a lection net here by next fall. AH Interested amateur* sue
asked to lend their assistance. K1WYS/WB0AWG ts the new VW
PAM Tor the Denver metro area. The Denver Kadlo Club will host
the Division Convention at Dies Park June 13,14 and 15. W0HKP is
chairman. WA0SUD sports a new linear. WHfcF fc set t o resume
Official Bulletins. W0LRN and KW-UH received PAN certtficates,
W0UAT has a Valiant and reports increased activity on <:CN;ready
fur 160. too. SIsC WA0HLQ stiU needs LCs for districts 5, 6, 9,
I I , 15, 16 and 19. Congratulations on all the K ; annual reports.
Best ever. OOs W0G1L and W0LRW made FMT, ** well as W0LRN
and W0SIN. Any other amateur interested in frequency measuring,
let meknow. The following stations made the Public Service Moftnr
Roll for Feb. K0MNQ 35 points, KfU-X'R 32, WA0MNL 29, W0LG
26. W0LRW 26, W0LKN 26, aU on OJN. Where are the plume
stations? Patches count. lYN total for Icb. Is ONI 151,011: HI,
time 559 min. Hi-Noon, QNI 874, t/IXT 122, time 97R : fo1umblnc I
ONI 1096, QTC 109, patches, etc., 195, time 1583 mins. Traffic;
(Feb.)K0ZSO 769, W0WYX 187, KflJSP 106, WftLG 95, WAflMNL
62, WA«SUD 59, W0LKN 51, KftiTR 46, W(SIN 36. MkMNQ 34,
K0DC W 25, KflSPR 14, W0UAT 8. K0FLQ 6, W0KFH 6, KWGA 4,
W0OWP 4, W0LCE 1. tfanj K0JSP 56, B E T 29), WA0LVM 19.
WA0HLQ 7, W0ATA 4-
NfcW MEXICO - SCM, James R, Princ, W5NUI - New licenses
have been issued in the section as follows: AJbuqueioue - WB5AU,
WB5AMA, WB5AMB, WN5APP, WN5AQD, WN5ARA, WN5AQV,
WN5ARC Atamopwdo - WN5AKN. Artesia - WB5ARW. Hollo-
man A M - WN5ALA. Los Alamos - WW AIR, WN5A1P,
WN5AIQ. Congratulations to these new amateurs, W5SDK has
replaced WA7I"BV/5. K71RCft qualified for Advanced Class. Some
uthers probably have been upgraded but neglected to pan (he word,
I hope everyone made a good score in the ySO Party. The swrcs
trill be announced in the July issue. There arc only a few weeks left
before Field Day. Better finish up that small portable or emeigency
rift and g?t your site picked out, W50NY has <iuatified /or MXCC,
Traffic: WSRE 151, K5MAT 85, W5DMO 44, WA5JXU Wv
WA5JNC 24, W5PDY 15, WA50HI 10, WAS Ml Y 9, WA5BLI 4,
UTAH - SCM, Thomas H. MDIerv W70WH - SEC: W7WKK
Amateur radio ix playing an Increasingly important role in civil
defense in the state. Much of the credit for this certainly must go to
W7NPr ^nd those few who pioneered 2-meter fm in the area.
WliKE spent three days at Alta and enjoyed "the greatest snow on
earth," Dick also spoke at a Joint meeting of several of the clubs in
the area. W71SM Is now on 1XXT and is working on 435-MHz TV.
Several others have also stated on TV helped bv WTEU.WA7JWD
has earned the net certificate on the Beehive Utah Net. W70CX
made FStfR again with a total of 44 points, K7EZR, W7LYV,
K7ZVT and K7GQE are the new tift In Box Elder, Washington,
Davis and Salt Lake Counties, respectively. WA7HHli has worked all
29 counties in Utah and will be getting his certificate with a gold
seal on it soon. Official Rufletm Stations are still needed. Please
contact the SCM if yuti are interested. Hew offtccn of the Utah
Council of Amateur Radio Clubs are K7LKH, pees.; K7DOT, treas.;
WA7ILM, secy. Tiaffic: K7HLR 292, K7SOT 85, W70CX 84,
W7EM 80, W7QWH 3.
WYOMING - SCM, Wayne M. Moore, W7CQL - SEC: K7N0X.
New appointments W7GMT w ORS In Laramie, KTTCI- is now in
Casper after nerving his hitch in the service, W7BKR, formerly of
Ranchextcr, has also settkd in Casper. WA7DKZ is giving his new
transceiver a workout. K71TH now hat his antenna hanging from a
new 70-ft. tower and says the signal p i n he got has made It worth
the effort Don't forget to mail a copy of your Field Day result* to
me for a chance at the trophy. High score wuu for any club or any
group from a town that doesn't have n club. Look* like we are
gpttii* a QRP club started here in the state. K7KSA, WA7GYQ,
K7SDD and WAflPI'J have been having a ball on 80 cw wtth J watts.
If you are not now on the roll of at least one of our nets, join in as
you wilt Always be welcome, Traffic: K7NQX 337, WA7CU 2&i,
W7SDA 159, K7ITH 120, W7GMT 103, W7TZK 58, K7KSA 54,
IC7SLM 52, W7YWW 34, K7VWA 25, R7QJW 22, W7HLA 20.
W7VJI17, K7TXZ 9, WA7AUV 4,

SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION
ALABAMA - SCM, Donald W. Bonner, W4WLG - SKC: K4KJD.
PAM: W4HDO. RM: W4HFU. It is with deepest regret that 1 must
mform you of the passing of WA4ROP on Vcb. 20. Jake was loved
by everyone who knew him, and his death is a gtcat loss to the
scctfcm. K4VJL has been in the hospital for an opctation. On the
lighter side, don't forget the Birminghamtest on May Please
attend the net meetings, bring your ideas, and l e f t v e if we can
make the nets even better than they arc. WB4KKJ, NM of AFND,
prints a real toe net bulletin. Congratulation*, Jim. Clubs, picas?
send in your annual club report to ARRL. WA4JRR was also in the
hospital tor a minor operation. K4UMD has been QSY to Mempbi*
VA Hospital. Welcome to Susy, HB9AOE/4, from Enbochat,
Switzerland Traffic is Uovtn this month. Traffic: WB4LAL 162,
WB4fcKJ t14, W4FVY 107, W4HFU 106, WB4JMH 65, K4A0Z 44,
WA4VEK 39, WB4LAO 33, WB4LHH 29» WA4GGD 26, WB4KSL
2V1,W4WLG 17,WA4AZC 16,W»4NCT 12.K4WUG 10.W4DGH
X4KJD2.
FASTERN Ft^EUDA - HCM, John F. Porter, W4KGJ - Asst.
SCM; Albert Hamel, K4SJH. SfcC: W41YT, Asst SfcC: W4SMK.
RM« W4ILE* K4EHY W4RWM (RTTY). PAM 75: W40GX.
PAM 40: W4SDR. Congratulations to W4BNE on getting the
following I V stations to air "Ham's Wide World" - WFLA WTVT
And WFDU, Che Indian River ARC has a 2-meter A2 net for code
practice. Anyone else? W41A takes over as new GN manager. Good
luck, £v. Thanks l orn 1K4COO) on a job well done. Tom took over
ft* manager of GN when K4KDN became a Siknt Key, South Via.
FM Agux. provided the uimmunications for the "March fnr
Hunger"tn Dade County. The d u b also is increasing the range of its
repeater by putting in a receiver repeater in Homestead connected
to Miami repeater via uhf, increasing the base to 250 watts.
NOhARS participated in the Eclipse Net to provide communica-
tions tor US. Naval Observatory, three TV stations and networks
plus National GeographiaOver 50 amateurs took part on 2-meter fxn
and 75 hkh. W4WOP is setting up a network between Miami and
Central Amcnca for MAH1 Shrine Comm. Unit and wOl relay
information regarding children being sent to Shrine Hospital* in this
country. Gator. Citrus and $.£. Chapters of QCWA now are very
active in Fla. W4DUG/4, Tampa ARC, had a heavy year at Tampa
Fair, with a big assist from W3CUL/4 and W3VR/4. W4DUG
originated 3070 pieces of traffic. This was a boost to all our section
nets. New appointments: WB4HKP as ORS and WB4IH1 as UPS. We
bad six BPUsrs this month. PSHR now requires 30 points for listing.
QFN. GN, FPTN and PAST showed an irfcrera rn average y r f c for
this month. BARC Auction was another big succeu this year. See
you all at the OiLtndo flamfttt. Traffic: (Ftk> W3C UL/4 67H5,
W4DUG/4 3U70, WA41JH 1102. W3VR/4 958, WB4AIW M4K,
K4EHY 576, W41LK 383, WA4SCK 377, W4FPC 210, WB4HJW
202, W4SDR 159, WA4NBT 136, W4DVO 119, WB41ER 111.
KR1V/W4 107, WB4HKP 102, WB4HTJ 95, W4EHW 93, WR4HNL
84, W42AK 76, W&4EPD 68. W4JCGJ 6J, WA4HDH 50, K4CVO
45, K4DAX 41, WA4FJA 38, WA4HF.D 38, W4YPX 37t W41YT 33,
K4JWM W4ROA 31, W4NGR JO, WA41H1 26, K4LPS 2b,
WB4GHD 22. W45MK 21, W41AD 2Ut W4BNE 18. K4IEX 18.
W4TJM 17, WB4FJY lb, W4LK 14, WB4KPK 12, K4DVW 11,
W41A 1KWA4EYU 10.W4GDK 10, K4HS K4SJH 9, W4VP0
K4EBE 7, WA40H0 7, WB4JRV 5. W4SOM 5* WA4UW 3, W4FHZ
2, WR4JJH 2. (Jan.) K4EHY 491, W4LUM 133, K41LC5U W40GX
40, WA4UHO 1 ( D e c j W4LDM 73.
GEORGIA - SCM, Howard U Schonher. W4R2L - SEC:
WA4WgU. RM: k4BAl. PAMs: K4HQL W4LRR. K.4BA1 K putting
«ut a hne GSN bulletin. He indicates that the net now ha* 60 active
stations. During heb. NCSs were W4CZN, WA4RAV, W4PIM.
W4tAW, W4NSO, K4GSL, K4BA1, W4JWO and WB4JKO. The
tuilowuig stations divided 4RN duties: WA4RAV* W4NSO, W4PIM,
W4CZN, K40Sl,W4IiAW. WA4GX2, W4DDY. WB4JX0 and
WB6im:. 56 sessions netted 240 message* with 433 check-ins. We
are looking forward to K4AKP returning to the air. K4NM has
retired and plans to vmation by travel trailer. WB4NQA now holds
Fxtra Class ticket. Sony to ioicc WA4UQQ to Florida. GJad to
welcome WA411PF hack utter his activity as kL7AVR. WB4PQM b
the new call of Shamrock High tn pecatur. W4LRR alternates week
ends on vhf with 144 Mc. the First week end, 220 second, 420 third.
He is looking for DX from 8 A.M. tn 9 A-U. on (44.090. Phil rnns
500 watts cw for the contacts. Traffic: WA4UAV I s s . W4CZN 136k
W4NSO 112, K4BA1 99. W4DDY 86, W4RZL 48, WB4DMO 24.
WA41WO 18. WA4LLI5. WB4KVE K4PIK 2.
WEST INDIES - SCM/SEC; J o « Mednw-Hernandef. KP4CO -
Congratulations to KP4SV, Hr8RRP/KP4, KP4KS, Wl>. H17bCW
KP4, HI8R0. Ht3MPW. HI8HV, and BI3PC. and Antilles WX Net
tor active participation in the sad aviation accident where 102
persons tost their lives. Their public service spirit nrflects on
organized amateur radio. KP4BJU finished his electrical engineering
course at Georgia Tech. and joined i.A. Jones Construction Co.
KP4DV must be very proud of his son. Congratulations to Radio
Club de P.R. for fine photos En groundwave for the FK meeting in
Cabtas island. Congratulations to P.R, Amateur Radio Society for a
\plendid hamfest at Arecibo with 108 amateurs present and a total
ut 220 attendants. WB4FOT/KP4, at Ramey AFB, now hasdipoles
for No-ID and enjoyed piie-ups on hzs frequency. 36th ARRL
international DX ivmpetitlon participation: KP4AST, KP4AM
KP4CQB» WB4FOT/KP4» K.P4UFA. Traffic: KP4WT 146.
WESTERN FLORIDA - SCM, Frank M. Butler. Jr.. W4KKH -
SEC: W41KB. PAM: W4MOQ. RM: K4VFVt RM-KTTY: W4WEB
Nets;
yver Preq. QNt Q7t
WtPN js>57 kHz 2.IOO/ I>y 2U 41 s 4;
JaSf kHz OUOO/OJOO/ lir $6 563 S7<
2m FM t4o.y4 MHz u u o z rh 4 l
Pcnsacola: K4VFY is the new RM for West Fla. W4NBE',NAS Clul
station, meets alternate Tue. at 7:30 P.M. in Hangar 70tt. Ncv
officers of the FFARA: K4LAN, pres.: WA4WAR, vice-prcs.
K4CIr<S, secy.-tieas. WB4JCV and WA4SSB received fcxtra Ctos
tickets. 8R1Y/W4 stays high on PSHR each month. WA5GTJ/'
meets the Maritime Mobile Phone Patch N e t Fort Walton
KbQPH/4 Is active on the traffic nets: he uses a 100-ft. long wire
WB4NJW received the PARC Outstanding Amateur of the Yta
Award at the Annual Club Dinner. Guest speaker was Dr. Slmpsoi
of the Miami Hurricanc Center, The NW KTa. FM Assn. received It
ARKL affiliation chartcr. WB4NHH gut his antennas up, only 0
find his receiver on the blink! 1 he Ciestview C D . station is n<n
equipped to the WB4KLT repeater. The repeater autopatch i
operational, thanks to W4SMS. Panama City: WB4NEO is on 146.9'
f a t Chipley: New Novices ate WN4# PVG and PVHt daughters o
W4IKB. Tallahassee: 11* TARC^ Novice class, taught by WA4tA<
and W4MQQ, has 25 memhenL WB4UKJ, W4MQQ, WA4EAO aiu
WA4GHE, of Petty, assisted with communication* tur the
eclipse. Traffic: (Feb.) K4VFY/4 171,8RIY/W4 107, W4WLB
W4IK3 12, W4RKH 12, K6QPI1/4 7. W4FDJ WA5GTJ/4 6
'Jam 8RIY/W4 287, WB4EQU 15, WA5GTJ/4 13.
SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION
ARIZONA ~ SCM, Gary M. Hamrnan. W7CAF - SI-<'T K7GPZ
PAM: W7CJXZ. RM: K7NHL. Now is the time tn make plans (o
Field Day June 27 and 28. Clubs participating and their Field Uw
chairmen are: Arizona ARC, Bill Gregory K7CM1; Old PucMo RC
Bill Chapman K7PQI: Scottsdalc ARC, Turn James, \V70PS
Contact one of thest gentJemen if you want to participate with an
of those groups or get a group of your own and participate, o n Jul]
25 and 26 the annual Ft. Tuthill Hamfest will be k-14 at Fljgstatl
Activities include a Sun. pot-luck lunch, »wap table, transmitte
hunt, etc. Write to the s*ecy, of the Amateur Radio Council o
Arlznna, W7GX, fm more informutioo, Ihe deadline for fUtn
mmments «n H'X*. Docket JH803, concerned primarily witl
proposed repeater regulations, n May 15. An original and 14 copic
are required- The Arizona ARC transmitter hunt was won b
K7PRS-K7P1.R. WA7IFD now attending ASM. T h w attendin
SAROC in Las Wgs* included W7AKU, WA7D1IC, WA7DSV
WA7E1G. K7CPZ, W7GX, W7MCS, K7NFZ, K7NNT., K7011
K7UXG and W7DLF. PSHR: K7NHI. 48. W7CA1< 24, WATEiy? U
Traffic: (Feb,) K7NHL 343. W7GliP 108, IC7UYW 45, W7IMQ 21
WA7NOA 26, K7NTG 2*5, W7CAF 25. W7C3UF- WA7NBM
K7WUG 16, W7DQS 10. WA7FiJc: 7. K7ZMA 3, W 7 U O 2; (Ian
W7GEP135.
LOS ANGELES - SCM, f l a m y D.D, Hetiand, WA6X/1 - As»i
SCM: Donald R. Ether edge, K6UMV. SEC: WA60ZY. WNbJi:,
passed the General and WN6MCK passed the General and Advanccc
W6NKE and W61VC both are active on SCH while recoveringfroi
operations. WB6ZYE has avalhtblc a bibliography on slow-scan AT
aiticles in e^hange for an SASE; he is also available for d u
demonstrations of slow scan. Santa Monica HS Club station, K6CU
wax on display fe part of club week. The Wbt^NO wide-hand fi
repeater is available for base and mobile communications usixi
146.820 mHz m and 146.70 mtlz out. The Palisades, San Femand
Valley and So. Calif, VHF Clubs arc working on d u b repeater* usir
144, 432 and 220 mHz, respectively. New Crescenta Valley R
ufficers are WB6DRH, pres.; W61NH, vic^-pr**; WA6SJN, treai
K6PWU, secy. New So. Calif. DX C'lub officers are WA&1A, prci
W6DGH, vica-pies.; KASXA. secy.; K6GLC, trcas. The So. O U
VHF Club put on a display on umateur radio for the < lty r
Cation 1 ! Annual Parade und Festival and provided commumcatioi
for the kayak raccs on the Kern River. The MnnCercy Pkrk R
<t4tidn K6G1P activates weekly WcdL at 7:1S P.M. on 145.35 mF
for the club net, and the club is developing a RACES program f<
the city. A*sL Dir. W6GTE joined the ranks of Silent Key
WB6KXI is now on RTTY. WB6MCW built a delta loop benm nci
WN6LBQ has a new vertical working successfully. WB6QFF. now
mobile on 144-mHz fm. WB6PAV completed WAS. W6EJJ
iievring 5BDXCC with Kii meters Jacking. WB6WIT busied himie
with the AKRL DX Tests. W6UL0 installed KWM-2 in his ca
WA60NK hintt a tr switch. KftVNX expects to soon have li
14-mH* beau* in the HIT. Net activity reports:
;Vef tnHz limr QW Q VC W*r. .lf<vi/ft
SCN t,f> HM f54b WMA'P J-eh.
HuW 7,1*10 Sjt. 7 W Aft KYI bcb.
SI N 6.30 m 571 74S WfiLOP J*n.
Operating activities sosipbov Pase* M and 54 ot Mar.tfSrcjmrd
an uiihumucmcrtt that the PSF1R requirement cluu^ed trom 25
to 3n points and effective witii rhi- month »t Jan. Suuli a it tractive
decision vrilL depnve uwqy of PSHR Ibting a/Ay- thev weir l<-d to
huliru* they hud earned wch a tating. Thra uho share my opinion
that wtrh changes uf AKRL uperatmg activities should not bo made
u-lfhiiut tbe miuHctv of advance notice to the participants are lifted
tii vinte then Dwisjon Director <adr. page K> and the ARR1. Comm.
Mgr.. W1NJM, Ht ARRL Hq, - WAbKZJ, SCM. Activity reports
iKPUrgJlR): <l'€b.) WB6BBU 511/3, WbBHG 74/0.WN6BJP 1/0.
KAC'DW J19/0, K&CI, 7rt\ W6DUX4J0, K6FA 13/0. WNbLJB I/O*
W f i l l ) 41/U, WAbMJ 4/4, W61JT 23/31, W7GA0 7/10, W6INI!
.M12/0. WblVC ib/14, WbJtl n/2*t WAbJHD WO, WBbKCK 12/17.
WBfikXI o / l \ WAhKZr OTn, WAbLSB 1/2, WN6MCK 2-'2,
WBftMHI 4/4, WftMU*bl9/3, WbNKh 5/IU,W60E09/8. WB6QI.U
1«/«. WbiJAl- 4K/0, WbR( V Ii/b. W61N 6/0, WBbWlT 0/8. (Jan.)
K W l P 20T17. Wft.lPH 22/0, WBftMHI 72/19, WbOOH OML iDec.i
W6JPH 2ft/0.
ORANGE - SCM, J my ).. VVrtJuft. WAbROt - - W . SCM:
Richard W. Bierbeck. KoCTD, S i r : WBhCQR. KMi: W6LCP,
WbBNX. PAM: WB6RVM. in addition to tbc above, the following
div rhc current a p p o i n t s of this section: Kt't: KtiUD, KbCGS,
WAfrGQj* W b K I i , W60AT. WA6TAG, WBbWOO. DBS*
W A b H r , KhCMiS, WAbLGZ. W6WRJ. 0 0 - WbBAM, W6RNX,
WbGPR, WA.I QB, WAbJZZ* K6LJA. ORSs. - V6BNV. WAbl^W,
KMBl, WbLCP, ROOT, WA6R0F, WB6TY7t, WBfi7.IX . UPS* -
WbBNX, W6BUK. W6CB, WBbRVM. OVS% - WAbl'lT, KbYNB,
WBbWlio. W6BUK\ OPS appointment i*. one ut the oldest in the
Division, ditmp imck to 143ft. 1970 o f t V m nt tlie hutlertnn ARC,
WMIL1, nu: kfiHXO, pres.; W6KCB, vir.-pr^, WB6VVQ, ^ry.;
kfrA rX, tTvas. 1 he SCM and SLC weir eurst speakers «t the heb.
uic^tinj, i'hc Jub «pons<yn a slow-speed cw net un >740 kHz at
2tKk> PST Thun. K6GSC i» the net control. W6HHt: clected
uhairron *»! the Orange County Council of Amateur Nadio
Ciifanucattonit tor i970; WAoLVS elected wcy, Thr ( ouncit haat
Mrlrrfed WbMl'tt j^neral clmrman of the 1*371 SW rhvislon
L uiivcntion to he hold \t Disney und. WbXl?l ix our new UC.for
Uranse Omnty b-mcter <«vtMt>' and soon will be forming a 6<inrter
A R H iiet. the 24 nsue^ of the tVffww Ana Rosier con Mined
jn allele on the Aatonetics CJuh MARS station, AFCbYFX. They
kwinpleted IS Mt to Sl-'A in Jan. Our new Orange County
?<increr IjC, WBbWOO, did atemp-upjob of organiiinfi the AREC
t'nr the \nnujil Hcait bund i/hanty Drive. Hill hu Jppointcd
WRhV lU and WA6MT as As*t. H ^ VtAbSZZ Is moving to a new
home imt mv bl^ k from WAbRUI. W6BAM it busy pving Novice
exams. W6BNX and WAbROI made the Public Service Honor Roll
this month. See page 75 of Nov. Q$T ic^aidm^ PSHR point lyktem-
•rrafRc: W6LCP 204. W6BNX 174, WAbROI' WAbfcUCj 42,
W6WRJ 14, WBbFYZ T, K60T 6. WbBUK K6CJGS 2, WBUXLC K
SAN DlbCO - SCM, Richard K i^tfler. WAMiOF - Asst.^M:
Art Smith, WblNT. The i:umbined Southwestem^Paufic nivl«ion%
Uuuvuition U being held in t'lesnu May t^-T7 at the Hacicnda
Motel, thanks to oil who helped with the C^T*delivery delay xunrey
thesv p^xt 3 months. We coi-ered the entice action and are hoping
the robJtf wuL help m getting, the magazine vut to the membe
hhiiuh'. AKJhL itiemhenhip continue* to cJimh. Aethrlties of this
xrnqp include the glider tnect in teb, and possibly the Walk for
Development in May. Why w»t juia the others In serving your
orwimiuirtyT Repbtratton torms aie available at Western Radio.
Clubs: QCWA held its annual brunch get-together in Mai. Interest
among these members is growing under KbPM*« leadership. Palomar
Owb eu/0K5 its rww mcr>tinp in Vlst*. r j j o n hettd a /Inc
talk on theft prevention from M Cston Police in Mar. North Shore*
held a succcssful auction at its Feb, meeting, KbCf, pre*. «>l iib DX
Hub, had hisginup in a joint Mar. dinner meeting in Oceanvde with
Orange County UX Club. May meeting is at K6ZMZ1* home.
Section: WblNI boa^tx new klV matchbox and WB61JNB <OBS) n w
U uii «sb! Thanks to WB60IA foT special purchase of ARfcC
gefterutors, WB6VKV now is Extra. K92MS/6 now Is WAMAR.
PSHK: WbLRU, W6BCir, WbNVQ. Silent Key: W6RT. Ttafflci
KbBPI blK4, W6VN0 b4K W6EOT 376. W6BGF 297, W61-RU
K(iHAV62. W6YKF 19*WA6COE 2.
SANTA BARBARA - V.'M, Cecil U. i l m m \ WAWHN - RM.
W6UJ. Bstm ARC station WR6GYK in Vot Osos hat a completely
new antenna installation. The Central Coast Amateur Relay Society
u busy installing a 2 meter fm repeater nn * mountain top in thn
Mono Bay urea with WA6MGG and K601K heavfly involved,
WB6YCH ha* a new tower installed, WfcJTA is setting R T T Y gwr in
upcratlon. WAbGOR has worked 112 countries. The Siml Valley
AfeUC meets the 2nd and 4th Wed. of each month at 8 P,M. at the
tajinty Pacific Bank. 1307Lo* Angeles Ave., Shut New officer* of
the Mmi Valley AKC are WBAHWM, prw,; K.6GOS. vlce^pre*,;
WbOKW, vs^trea*. The Slmi AKC sports that chetk*int on the
Chawu:! cribei Net on 145,8 each evening at 6:Jo to 7;U(J P.M. are
#omg very welL WB*L»WM has his Heath HW-17 walking as a mobile
and home t « , WB6FXW operate* bis Heath HW-17A uu both a-m
and fm. WHtigNl- w on J^neter a-m with a (legs. KbUV, of Santa
Sunuuk ha* moved to Los Molinos, Calif. WA6WWC, in Thousand
Oaks, gh>t his Advanced class ticcnse recently and h finishing
construction of a 4-luOtt linear, The Ventura County AKC meets
the 2nd VrU ot each month at the Oxnard Community Center, yth
and Hobson, at KM. Jbc Thousuid Oaks Attc: meets em.li
month on the 1st Thins, at the Recreation Center, WAM>U in
working 20-meter IJX with his new SB-401, Traffic: WA6DL1229.
WliST G U L F Dt V I S M N
N U K I W . K N ThXA5 - .SCM, L.H. " C e r a " Harrison, W5LK -
Asst. SCM: Gene Pool, W5NKJ. SVC: W5JSM. PAW; W5»(K>. KM:
W 5 W Z . A r t . SEC KTex/PAM VHt": WA5K1IF, W5KVB'* first
annual report to Hoard of Directors notes a marked Increase in
membership over paxf y«u» W5BNG is back In harnevt. W5fcYB
traveled more than 14.5 K miles in the division and mailed 7^7*
letters. Dallas repeater group* Jade Mason* pres.. met M>. 9 in
SWBT Auditorium, Dallas. W5fcYK/W5LR represented lca((ue. Den-
ton i'ounty reported one day late. WA5VJW is a new ORS Vour
SCM attended Lawton-Fort silt bounders Day Manifest and was
guetf speaker at the Garland ARC meeting l<eb> 2.3r Kilocycle ARC,
Ft. Worth, nominating committee w WA51KY, WASVGP, WA5UWS
awl WN5ZVC. Arlington AKC new member is K5ZX5, who kisf his
sight in '42 as the result of a vai meek. WA5VDY, of Odessa, is now
Gencrul Class and vutits in NTS. Vuur SCM is planning '70 travel in
No.lexat sod a*ks clubs to please complete and return forms in
SASfc, Thanks for copies of Sjn Antonio ARC news letter plus
!piitton Lubbock, Clubs please note W1LVQ1* letter
rejprillng the Annual Report sent to each c l u b > w provided you fill
out the <*rd. Any <>t you $uys hear music on 72<m kHt ISOuZ
da fly? t-emmc know. Oklahoma has a real nice emergency plan. We
hone ta have the A K R t film on remaining Dallas "IV nations anon.
The Panhandle AKC lames a nice club paper. '70 ARKL Convention
is »et for July 17, IK and 19 in Orange* Ten. Kv> City ftCsnew
officer* are K5LHT. pres., WA5LV11, W A S m ^ secy-
treas. W5EZM/VW* applied for OPS appointment Arlington AKC
has a new eznrtipiiLy-Lomnmnications plan. WA5V10 &iys SI liN
Convention «iU he held June 5-6-7 In New Rnumfels; Lex ttACHS
meeting and MARS Jnectlng 2u-21 In San Antonio. North West Tex.
tmerjenry Net meet* <m 3950 kHz 1400Z Son WA5PW' hat
applied for OO appointment. SHC *ay* AREC mcmbm total '211.
with 12 pmergenuy nets ami 12 liaison stations. This teuton has
shown a marked increase in number of PSHR participants. CJlie^k
and «ce how you thnw up uu national listing. Following reported:
W5JSM, V5NFO. KSB1X! jnd WA5P1T, plus WAAJXJlV
thanks for all the report*. Keep up good work. Richardson AKC
sends a nice nrwletret. Traffic: t>cb.i WA5PPF 4948, W5QUZ 1^7,
W5JSM 41, %A5DOP J4. WA5VJW 3U, WA5KIV W5PBN 27,
W5LR 22. WA^SMF 22. W5HVP 17t WBIXT 14. K5I.7A 11.
\VA5JtVS 10, W5NKO 10, 1V5QKM 4, WA5QWA 3. (Jan.)
WASVJW 14. (DecJ WA50WA
OKLAHOMA - SCM, Cecil C. CaJt W5HML - Ax«t. SCM: W.U
Smoky Stover. ^ O O V . SEC: WA5FSN. RM and OSL Bureau:
W50MJ. PAM 75: W5MFX. Well the Lawton Hamfest Li history.
The next scheduled state ^t-together is the Texfama Hamatama
Nov. I V 14 and 15, but in the meantime don't forjeet the West tiulf
Division Convention July 17, 18 and 19 at Orangp* IV\. Letters of
praise nre still coming in from some of the state and county health
officials tor ouf avdrfancC during tlie Rubella Drive. We good
mileaaie this month on the film "Ham's Wide World." It was run un
KTEN-TV vt Ada. and at the ( ; A A Aeronautical i^nter for the
public where had a uood turn-out. KOCO-TV taped it for future
running; aUu yuur StTM has a tape copy for w at IV stations or on
closed circuit f V in schools and/or colleges, WSPAA hasanett TC-2
u»nverter to go with the TK-6. Wiiskogee AKC has obtained the
u-L'tJ'known call W5tJK a* a club station a i i L Net reports:
S m QNt ore
OPKN 3y| 5 1400 Su. 4 t 75
UPON M * 2 J 0 0 M-F 21 Jeo 45
^TNO Ml AO 2430 M-K 24 >43
S1N-2 3M1 J 1M0 M-S 24 .17
c.»WXN 0001 1-So. 24 2*0
Ol / 0100 l«Su. IK S2
SS7 1)345 T-Sn. n - 21
Traffic: KSTfcY 47(1, WA5YRO 134, W5QMJ 108, W 2 F W 5 48,
WA5RKH 42, WA51MO W51-W 27, W5FKL 25, W5MFX 20,
W5PML J4, WA5ZOO 12, K5WPP V, WA5FSN » f K.5ZDB 6,
WAS UK J 3.WA5NZM2.
SOU1 HERN TEXAS - SC:M, G.DJerry Seaiv W5ATP - SEC:
KiQQG. PAM; W5KLV. RM; < -anvenriocu ootning up in
Southern Texas area; STFN at New Brauntels June West Gull'
Convention at Orange July j'7-Tft-m. Make anangeixiefits to meet
the gang. New officers of the Corpus l/hristl Amateur Radio Club
ate WA5bl<y. pres.: W50CM. vice-pres.; WA5 2KD, w y . ; WA5TPY,
treas.; WA50PX, WA50HF, W51RQ, WSENN, K5UOU, K5GCB, dir.
N w editor of the P e l i c a n is WN5ZUN. f rom cuflcge station K S F J Z
reports approximately 15 students in new «»de class, tel K5GDH,
w hile fn c^ahtornxa, worked back from the mobile to Austin on 74
meter*. Rack home he i* putting a new final 4-1000 on Xbx air,
W5KHD \pent most of Jan. and Feb. operating mobile and portable
from trailer from She Valley to tarrville. EC W5RFW reports
2-rwter tm activity with more mobiles ea^h week, hoping to have
the new J-oietor tm repeater going in ttme for the West GulT
C unvention in July. KIPK0/5 is keeping weekly phone patch
•wvliedute wth CLtfAK. Congratutations to o n K , s S K K s v h o
graduated from T e r n A & M vrtth a B A degree. f(e e\pecta to be
there another y e a r or so. O f f R e m n u w e reports W5HB1, has the
i'ARCOB group moving alonx with two n e w Novices. WN5AUG and
WNSAFT; also lists tor vife a \ hunderblrd linear lt Good for cw<
R r r V t or CB," so If you liear a strong CB signal from Corpus
Christi you will understand. Congratulations to K50VH« alvi his
\ \ L Mary, for an cvcrllent job as i t b District OSL Manager.
WSQMJ. of b'nld, Okla^ will take wer the job as Hurley has
tesigned. Keep your SAS envelopes ready for your OX OSLs with
W5UMJ, traffic; R5GDEI 237, K5HZR m , KJROZ 99, WSABO
44. W5BHO 24, W5TFW IB, WAS^KJb K1PKQ/5 2, W5KLV 3.
K.SWYN 2.
CANADIAN DiVISION
ALBERTA - SCMt Don ^nthcrtand, - 1 he early part ot
July is made to order for holidays with the Alberta Hamtest in
i^lgarv July It and 12 and the Olaclcr Waterton Peace Park
Hamfest in Apgar July 17, t ^ Vl hl^Y and VE6AWI are NCSs
tor the ueviyHcUrted cw net, ATN (Alta. Tfc. Net). The net is of the
slow-kpeed variety designed to help yum- code speed and traffic-
handling knowledge. ATN meet* three days a week on 3690 kH*,
Commencing at 0330 GMT Wed., £TL and Moo. Please note that
these days ore advanced one bccau&t: ot OMT. Congratulations to
Vh'AMJ on his UXCC ind bis fine shnwup ia the fMTs. VIiCiXC is
xlotrig a lot of net work, botli phone and cw. VtttAKK and VK6EC
helped « l t h communications for the Grand Prane Ski-do Marathon.
The NARC Is working on plans for its new repeater site, bounds like
a m y extensive program. The NARC ia also uumpillng a history of
Its iepeater4 one ul the ^ety early ones in (.Canada. Hie CARA
inonvred a station at the Brentwood Llcmentary High llobbv
Show Apr. l a ITaffic: iFeh) V^6TY 12, V f t h k IS, VfcbXC I I .
VE6SS 4. fJan.) VtftMJ 12.
BRITISH COLUMBIA - SCMb H.E. Savage, VE7FB - Van-
couver Sea Festrval Ainateur Radio Award has been around for
mm: yesirs, but (^anad* has not taken an active approach to the
award. Most club* in Canada trail be rrrrtvmg intbrmotion on the
mles. This event is a marine pageant held each year in June. K7LPZ
has to- ORS. This will cauw problems for VK78I1J, the (JM. as he
has been U.c!. section high scorer in CD parties, rhe UoC regulations
states you must be fifteen years old to obtain your license. VCTBKZ?
waited his birthday ptus one day. Also from the Vancouver ARC
code and theory da** is VC7BCA* V t f B D I has been promoted to
comptroller tor J. Patterson Co. V£7VD and Vt7KV are out ol
hospital. VP7YB has retired as Army Captain. C'hilliwatk ARC Jiai
been husy imtalling antennas for V£7BHG TA-T3 it., VP7BCJ
dipolr find VK7B1F. fhc d i c k s from Beaver Valley and the L o g
from Penficton are ^>me good papers renewed. Henticton ARC
ofTtera are Vfc7ALV. pres.; \T7FV. v»w»ir.; VE7HNU. « c r ,
VH7AWM is building a transmitter. V r f A K V , %-ith a DX-20, ii
working UX on ttii. VV70(/* home-brew receiver is giving good
rrnilt*. UO/URS V£7GG has a T114 up 75 tcct. VL7AMW and
VF7IJJ have problems with 2-meter gear. Trafrtc: VE7BLO 54,
VE7TO 16, Vb?SK 1U YE7BZA 7.
MANITOBA - .^CM, Keith Witney. VIi4EI - The Manitobj
Centennial Award <.'ontinues to be popular, t'ox those interested it
cw contacts 3695, 7075,1411J 5,11075 and '28075 are the frequency
to check. The bonus stations for June are Y U VE40F and VE4ST
VE4HJ hasa jnohUe and VIC4CL reports working two ZLs on 75
Maybe VMMFs UX hints at the last WARC1 meetin* art; lturth
frying, WARC \\M» busy with tuowsboc lace*. thn annual SL John1*
Boy* School race, and then the nc\t week end the SU Boniface
Carnival race. Operation* were <>\\ 2-nietcr fm. Good hick to all you
r D types but m U h out for Vfc4KI/4. I-oi thoseintrested in WillR
the Forma arc <'IHW. WTN: ONi 140, QTC 50. MPN: <JNI 1U2,
QTT I I . lTafnc:VMFg So, VE4RO 27, VE4KE 14, VT4NE 10,
VMXN 10, VK4QJ VU4YC ft, VK4EF 7, VE4RL 7, VK4C;R 3,
VF4l'Ci VF4JA J, Vr4HJ L VK4IIS t, VMJ-fl 1, VMHB 1,
YF4XQ1.
ONTARIO -SCM. Roy A. White. Vt'3R1JX - SIC: VtiHiWD.
PAM: YK3A Ky. Upv tliev-Uniw ffcf> V ^ l p m Untario-
yuehec Net: VI 3CI. Mat Laurenllan Net: Vli^BU. Congratula-
tions are due to the many Ontario amateuT& who did so milch to
make the 1970 SET the best vet and our thanks to the Scftla and
SFf* In both jLarada and the US. who cooperated hy supplying
traftic. Particular praise IUC* to VE3EWU, our SEC', Ed worked ton*
and hard. Sure* w? made mistakes and didn't pluaje rvrrybod? hut
wc learned a kit ami will do even better next time, Coi^ratulutionw
and heM wishes go to VE3CO» who hat just retired trom the
Westinahouse Cojppany after 45 years service. VEHBZR hat relin-
quished hi* poht as irf the Eastern Canada Net and will be
replaced hy VFJGL VE3UUB is moving to VEJ-Land and wc lota «>
valued controller nn the Ontario Phone Net Wc Were saddened to
hear of the p w i r ^ ut VK3TL. Uoc Ltowner wa» one of the real
old-timm and omr the Tint to he licensed In Canada, Just *ot
Vr'oid that V I W R F h » been moved to VOl-Land, Wc have lost an
excellent Asst. H 1 and the Ottawa Valley Mobile Club ha* lost a
valued member, Traffic: Vh*ui W . V F t f R U 147. VK3DPO US,
VE3RUX l i t . VEJDV VF3G110 34, VF1FWD 21, VE.UHL
V£3CLB 12. YE3GFX S, VF3fcBC7, W:>VD7,

QUEBEC - SCM„ J.W. lh*y, VMOI - W A P t U doing a fine

job net control for AREC 2-Meter Net VE2BA1 has a very*
comprelKiisive report erf the past SFT. YKSEO rvuurts winter ic«
damage ut Three Rivers still not repaired but VF'MJU and VrjHIAT
keep ikeds on time. Work on the Interhand link 144 to 4.12 MFIz
repeater between Ottawa and Mt tfqpud is wdi advanced. A flm?
list of Canadian and UjS. 1-meter repeater HAH heen complied hv
VE2DH0 and VE2BPF. Yener torn au Cunpea Provincial de KAQI
a Onebee, Us 10* H el \7 juillet. VrMiUi, publicise de RAOU
partem du Conjires et de aes avtnrite* devaol les membres du Club
MARC* le ranii prochaJo. VhlOB continue toujoun aes nom-brauses
t n nations d'Hppareila. AprtJi plufcieur* aurMs dUnacthrite, i) nam
tait p\m*jT d'entendre a uuuveaii ies stations suivantei: VFJHU,
VF3AAH, VF2AKZ, VK'AAO, VUAHU, VE2AKN, VE2AI>1 et
quelqucs critres. Irattlc; VK2DR M* Vb^CP 22. %RE2EC IS,
VF7BVY | 7 t V F 2 a J 1ft, VE2APT VI JALli 5.
S ASKATCIIE WAN - SCM. Gordon C. PMTORvVF5HP - Snv
kutchewaii Hamf«t vAtt he held July 3-44. W 0 , in Refdna. U
promtsex to he one of the best So plan now to attend this hip, cvrnt.
VKV'i, < atiadian iJwunon Director, m expected to be present The
SFT encrdse in January vu* the most successful the Saskatchewan
w t i o n 1ms had to date. A 7if.v Increase «as recorded over rhe
previous year. iSu yoii gui Me we are ready Cor anything; riot, Hood*
v-iirthouuke, voicanoe oi tornado. HI! Our thanks and appreciation
to »tl u f o haw assisted me in reporting for this column. Anv who
Hte ititerested in ham doings in Saskatchewan should contact the
hrUtrvL QSO IVlf3 Lonmvgfrt Street, tettiu. &xsk.%
Canada, I'rattlc: VMSC 2Ah VhSGJ 4, VL5JK 3, VE5XL J, VE5YR
^VI-STI Vt'-SXcJ
 JU1. • » , (• m
• Jufie 1970
: ^^^
•a.- j 75 Cents
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 STAFF JUNE 1970
JOHN HUNTOON, W1LVQ
Editor VOLUMELIV NUMBER €
E. LJUBD CAMPBELL, W1CUT
Managing Editor , AS ITS OFFICIAL JOURNAL, BY THE
DOUG DI MAW, W1C35R AMERICAN RADIO LEAGUE INC., NEWINGTON, CQNN„ U, S. A.
Acting Technical Editor OFFICIAL ORGAN OF INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION
HOBXBT E. ANDERSON- K1TVF*
GERALD U HAUL, KIPLP
-CONTENTS-
DOUGLAS A. SLAKI&LEEt W1KLE
ROBERT M. MYERS, WlTBY
Aewiwtant Technical Editor*
EDWARD P. TILTON, W1HDQ
IrJL* JHUar
A Digital Morse-Code Message Generator
LEWIS G. MoCOY, W1TCP Jerry Hall, K1PLP 11
axid JvoWct
Building A Simple Two-Band VFO
BOD HEWEm, W9BRD
WILLIAM SMXIH, EAGER Dong DeMaw, W1CER 20
LOUISE MOREAUv WB6BBO The Portable/Mobile Microphone
JOHN TROSTElL WGE8Q
Cfentr/taffiio1 ffd/for* Doufflcut A. Blakealee, W1KLK 28
Let'i Talk Transistors, Part VIII Robert E. Stoffelm 33
MARK W. DANE, WIIU
Advertising Manager A 10-6 Mobile Whip.. .Charles A. Rankin, WA2HMM 39
EDGAR D. COLLINS VHF Mobila Whip E. P. Tilton, W1HDQ 40
AdvertiMing AMMiMtaat
Gimmicks and Gadgets:
J. A. MOSKEY* WIIMY A Simple JFET and MOSFET Tester 42
Circulation Manager Technical Correspondence. 44
CARL E. SMITH, W1ETU
AuUtant Circttfatian Manager Slow-Scan TV Viewing Adapter far Oscilloscopes
BiB Brilem, W7ABW and
* On vllttarr leave of n hi otic* Robert Gervenaok, W7FEN 46
Recent Equipment:
OFFICES The Tea Tec FM-2 51
220 Main. BtoeeA
BECUNNEB AND NOVICE -
BubecrlptUm rata V7.50 per reir pobt-
funds, in Canada tod u-8.;
r t
rieewbere. ABEL Membership,
iaduding Q$V, available omy to
Individuals with a bona Ode Interest
How To Handle Hi-Fi Interfere nee
Lewis O. McCoy, W11CP 28
In amateur radio: S6.60 per rear.
UiL tunda, in Canada aud U.S.: *7
tfsowbv* Blade ooptei, 76 aenttb OPERATING—
Foreign remittance* ttboiald be by
Suteroational postal or expm money
order or bank draft negotiable in tke Results, 1870 ARRL Novice Roundup
U&* and tor an equivalent amount
In ISA funds* A1 Noone, WA1KQM 62
Seoond-olftw poatace paid at Hartford
Qoddu and at addiuanw ToalUna offices. July Open CD Party 67
Oopyitgfrt 1070 by the American Ra-
dio Mar Lame, lint, Title registered Results, 1970 ARRL VHF Sweepstakes
at UJL Patent Offlce. International AI Noone, WA1KQM 68
copyright eeonred» Allrightsmarred.
Qwkan rawroodo* todmtotamrtac.
Printed In UB.A. WCAR8 and WPSS 74
INDEXED BY AppJiod Sotanoa and
ToohnoIogT Indu. Library of Can-
Catalog Card No,: 21-M21
Some QST Abbreviations Uied in Text and Drawings.... 84
OVBCQVMH
'fhumotith'a cow A Bonus to the Public
pictures hut a William A. Tynan, W3KMVf W4GKM 88
tew of the many
entrant* in the Field Day Verticals Versus Yogis
Annual ATenee
Roundup They John Q. Troster, W6TSQ 60
are from left to
right, top to bot-
tom: WNirifX,
Robert: WN ft. "ItSmstoUB. . 9
WOW* Mill: WN7- UagMlia« lO
MKQ, HiJ1v;WN2- Operating N a m . 108
HlD.JohnjWNB- SilautXer*....- 90
0MK± Chris; Station Activities Ill
WNAEIZ, Rich: World Above 8 0 Me. 94
WMU&Hfehard VV1AW Schedule 108
and WN40PG, TLNMIAVmwi 81
Gregory. 2 5 and BO Y « o » Ago in QS2*... 61
 AMERICAN DIRECTORS

MOEIi B. EATON*
Canada
VJC30-T
Hos 6fffl, Waterdown, untarto
RADIO RELAY Vict-MiMx: AXfeortfe Bpeww,,
in Klpim* AySp ueuomdleiM, Quebec
Atlantic Division
.YB2UB

HARRY A. McGOKAQIIYu WSEFO

$708 Fenway Dr„ Fotomac Bethodt, Md. TOO
LEAGUE • INC.. Vice-JAreeior: Jesse titebermaa
RD I, VftlLer Kill JUL, Malvern, i i W M
Central Division
Is a noncoffimtrcta! anoctafJon of radio amataunr hondtd for PHTTJT R LlA
fho promotion of fi>ter*sf In amateur radio oommunkation and tiono h._LTripp
LifcJK Atvl, Chicago
,.,..Ifi.WflHTO
t mm
•xporimmtaKan, for Hioralayfiifof mwages by radio, for flw i'M-Mrtctor: Edmonrt A. Metier.WVPRtf
1620 South Fourthfcit.,ttprtnjctlcM,tlltnoU 03703
advuncomonf offlioradio art and of tht public wolfaro, for tho Dakota Division
roproMntation of the radio omatwr hi logblativo mattori, and for CETABLEB O, (XJMFTON* , .W0BUn
Ihoraointononc*of fratemalfsm and a high standard of conduct. Box *2*A R.R. lr Bouthtit.Vflul.f>Minm Mll7«
It Is an incorporated ascoclaHon without capital stock, chartered rto/«T(*Aw:rjUTyJ,ah1inft-- W0PAN
11417 Goodrich Kd* Bloam1n*ton. Minn. «H3
undor the laws of Connecticut, tts affairs or* governed by a Board Dmlfa Division
of Director* ofocted ev*ry two yoars by tho general membership. MAX ARNOLD T., 4 .. W4WHN
The officers are elected or appointed by the Directors. The league All Hooul kill., NMh^tii®, tenn. 37MQ
is noncoinmardoJ and ito.one commerclaUy engaged In the manu- Vic* !>ir*ctor? PrankUa Undn
92a N, Tresevantttt,,Memphis, Term. 38108
facture, sale or rental of radio apparatus Is eligible to membership
on its board. Great Lakes Division
A LB AN A. MICHEL W¥W
"Of, by and for the amateur," II numbers within Hi ranks practi- 369 Ronh&tn Rd.. Cincinnati, Ohio 4531$
cally every worth-while amateur In the nation and has a history of Vfee ntrsctar: cmrrln U aniitt... - W8F
119 -N. Foster St., lAostaa, Mich.
glorious achievement as the standard-bearer In amateur affair).
ffutftfoa DfWsfoA
InquMes regarding membenfalp are solicited. A bono fide HARRY JT DAMNALB* W»T0K
Interest in amateur radio is the only essential qualification; owner- in Arbor l*ne, I)l« H1U«, N.Y. lfl1174S
ship of a transmitting station and knowledge of the code are not 1'ifs Mrtctor:fitmnZsk. -
IS Jennifer Lane, Jfort Chester, Nov York 10473
prerequisite, althoughfoilvoting membership is granted only to Midwost Dlviwion
81JMNER II. KOHTER v,., W0GQ
AD general correspondence should be addressed to the adminis- &U0 OobliD*s Oulir X^r.i ^.B,, Cedsr Riplds. Iow
53403
trative headquarters at Newington, Connecticut 06111. Ftts-tMntMr: Ralph V. Anderson ,K0NL
528 Mozitazift Ave., llolton. Kaqmi M43ft
JVew fnyiaxuf iMfiiion
HIRAM PSICY MAXIM, WTAW* 1914-193* ROBERT YORK CtlAPMAN „ . , rt'lQ
EUGB4E C. WOODRUFF, WflCMP, 1934-1940 Aoath Ro«d» Orototi^ Oonn. OUtf
GtOltGE W. BAILEY, W2KH,' 1940-1952 Vice THnrtor:
tfavthwstmrn Division
GOODWIN U OOSUND, W0TSN, 19J2-1H2 ROBERT B. THURSTON W7POY
Hmm HOOVER, jit W4ZH, 1962-1966 770Q 81st Atc.. N.fiU Seattle Wash. US116
\'ic*-oirec*or: David o. Hennett...
Box 4M, Udfra, Orr, 07OA1
IVesMent . * ROBOT W. DB4N1STON,* W0DX Aicif/c XMrifloxi
Box 73, Newton, Iowa 5020S J, A. HOC GMELUT WfiZR
fnsu Wntowbmk. Way, Cupertino. rsJif, 9WU
Rrsf Wce-Preridsnt . . . . WAYUND M.GROVES** W5NW Yt&flfrector; Hugh CMldy W
77 Colemsn ur„ xtan Rfttael, CaUf. 94M1
1406 West 12th Street. Odessa, Texas 79760
Vfee-FrecUent ROEMER O. BEST, W5QKF Roanoks Division
VICTOR a CLAttft* W4KTO
Secretary. JOHN HUNTOON, W1LVQ VlWt Pnpm >1 Kosii. t.WUm, V<u 220*4
Treasurer DAVID H. HOUGHTON rfrfr/Wwftv: I'hll «W(T -, \V4ApY
421311 HU1 TOP Kowl, Greensboro, N. U. ^74
225 Main St., Newington, Connecticut 06111 Rocky Mountain Division
C.KRL It SMITH W 0»W
l^ro Locust Denver, eolo. tiimu
Vto^n^Mr; ThcmttMO. Hank*...........WWW
Honorary Vko-Proddsni FRANCIS E. HANDY, WIBM 55UU Mosvman, N.I&. Albuquerque. N. M. «711
Southeastern Division
Tt, DAMS PTRFRTBR --W4IX*
Trinidad, Cocoa Botch, MIL 3 2 0 3 1
Genera/Atomger JOHN HUNTOON,* WllVQ Vte+tnnrtcr* Charles J. Bolvlti... K4KQ
3210 S.W, 27th Lace, Miami, Fla, 33133
Communication* Manager GEORGE HART, W1NJM South wsstorn Division
Technfcaf Conitrffanf GEORGE GRAMMER, W1DF JOHN R. GRJOm W6KW
Assbfan* Genera/Manager . RICHARD L BALDWIN, W1IKE opal circle, Huoeinirtoti Beach.
i.sa»foriuaftW47
Aiifafrmf Seerefariet PERKY F. WILLIAMS, W1UED VU^Dirff/crr Amotr! D^hlman....
U»4l» tUrtland k^t., Vui Muy«p CallL 9140A
WM. I DUNKERLEY, JS, WA21NB
Wmst Quli Division
225 Main St* N«wfngton, Connecticut 06111 ROY "L. ALBRIGHT VWEYB
l it; Koeomtty, tiAa Antonio, Texts 7SU09
e « e e e L'tee-Omcb*: Ustn U HwrWti WCBNQ
iAIA CBlmont, Pitfi Worth, T«£w 76107
General Counsel» . ROBERT M- BOOTH, JR* W3PS * Member tiiecutlve <*nmnlttee
1150 CamecHcift Avenue, K W* Washhgton, D, C 20036
AssocJafe Counsef ARTHUR K. MEEN, Q.G, VE3RX
Suite 2219, 44 King SU West, Toronto 1, Ontario
"It Seems to Us..."
A. R. R. L. OPPOSES
A M A J O R SUBJECT for the agenda of the
annual meeting of the ARRL Board of
Directors last month was a decision on the
FCC proposals covering vhf repeater opera-
tion. Much preliminary work had been
accomplished, largely by the ARRL Ad-
visory Committee (W0CXW, W20DC,
W4GCE, W 5 V P Q , W6GDO, W6MEP,
W7FHZ, W9BUB, VE3ADO), which pre-
sented a full and complete report for the
Board's consideration. This was based in part
on input from individuals and repeater
groups around the country, prompted by
rapid dissemination of the FCC text through
lust-minute preparation for appearance in
April QST, and through a number of other
channels. In summary, the report indicated
thorough dissatisfaction with FCC provisions
and a strong feeling that the proposed rules
were so restrictive that they might be the
end of amateur repeater operation as it
exists today.
During the informal sessions just prior to
the meeting, it was agreed a special working
group of directors would draft a statement
of principles for appraisal and, hopefully,
adoption by the Board. This was accom-
plished in a many-hours session of Interested
directors chairmanned by committee liaison
director W6KW, with counsel W3PS and vhf
editor W1HDQ as advisors. The total effort
was so well directed that when the motion
came before the Board in formal session, it
received only a minimum of critical com-
ment and was unanimously adopted.
The actual League filing will take con-
siderable time to prepare, because of the
many complexities of the rules; indeed, the
League is requesting an extension of time for
this purpose* Meanwhile, however, the basic
principles expressed by the Board well state
the ARRL position toward the FCC pro-
posals:
L That any rules adopted on amateur
repeaters should provide for the maxi-
mum of flexibility and the minimum of the Leagued position crystal-clear. Let there
restrictions and regulations.
X That repeater Linking and multiple ARRL "disinterest" in repeater operation!
hops should be permitted.
REPEATER RULES
3. That coded access (^whistle-on")
should not be mandatory but may be
provided at the option of the repeater
licensee.
4. That cross-band operation of repeat-
ers should be permitted.
5. That subbands for repeater opera-
tion should not be specified by the
Commission at this time except that, in
the 144 Mil* band, repeater operation
should be conducted only above 146 MHz
so as to permit the greatest flexibility for
development of space communications in
the world-wide exclusive amateur portion
of that band.
6. That the licensee or another opera-
tor with an appropriate class of. license
designated by the licensee be capablc of
deactivating the repeater from a fixed,
portable or mobile control point in case
of malfunction or improper or unauthor-
ized use of the repeater.
7. That the one kilowatt power limit
applicable generally to the amateur radio
service should be applicable also to repeat-
ers,
8. That fixed, portable and mobile
operation of repeaters should be per-
mitted.
9. That automatic means to limit the
length of a single transmission of a repeat-
er, or a series of transmissions, should not
be required but may be provided at the
option of the licensee.
10. That identification of a repeater
should be given at least every ten minutes
(rather than three) of repeater operation*
by automatic means and by cw, mew or
voice at the option of the licensee, with
cw or mew, if used, not to exceed a rate
of twenty words per minute.
11. That the League concurs with the
Commission's proposal regarding relaxa-
tion of logging requirements.
We believe the directors' actions make
at least be an end to the loose talk about
League Lines . .. BOARD MEETING HIGHUGHTS

A decision to file strong opposition to the restrictive FCC proposals covering VHF
repeaters was a highlight of the annual meeting of the ARRL Board of Directors,
held in Hartford, Conn., May 1-2. The League will request a minimum of rules,
with maximum flexibility and privileges such as crossband operation, chain linking/
coded access optional rather than mandatory, and elimination of restricted subbands.
The ARRL VHF Repeater Advisory Committee, composed ox active, dedicated repeater
enthusiasts, was commended for its rapid and effective evaluation of the FCC pro-
posals as a basis for the Board's action*

Several proposals were made concerning the size of radiotelephonv subbands on the
major amateur frequencies. After an extensive appraisal of the entire matter, the
directors decided it was not in the best interests of U*S. amateurs indeed, of
worldwide amateur radio — to propose expansion of our phone bands*

The Board established a permanent structure of advisory committees, continued the

present two on contests and vhf repeaters, and announced a new one on DX matters.
W3GKP and W4HHK jointly received the ARRL Technical Merit Award for outstanding
achievements in moonbounce communication. Family and blind membership dues
were raised to $2, to more nearly represent true costs. A National Convention was
approved for Labor Day weekend of 1972, in Long Beach, Calif., and the Board
took note of Colorado's wish to sponsor the national for 1976.

The League will underwrite a short training film, based on "Ham's Wide World,"
for audio-visual use In high schools, but directors referred the teen-age promotional
booklet back to committee for additional study. Studies in depth were also ordered
on several additional matters, such as reduced teen-age membership fees, W1AW
daytime code practice and bulletin schedules, a League station on the west coast,
payment for articles in QST, retired staff employee pensions, a series of articles
on construction of hand-held emergency gear, and interference to solid state home
entertainment devices. A list of manufacturers supplying free high pass TV filters
will be assembled and published.

Subjects discussed but rejected were a move of W1AW frequencies, a propagation

column in QST, and mandatory meetings of the Board twice yearly (second meetings
are still possible on an optional basis) * Directors ordered the sponsorship of a
160-meter contest, and changed to 175 miles the current 100-mile limit for affiliated
club aggregate contest scores.

Charles G. Compton, WtiBIIO, was newly elected as First Vice President; incumbent
W. M. Groves, W5NW, was given a standing ovation for his 35 years of dedicated
service to ARRL and made an Honorary VP. Robert B* Thurston, W7PGY, was elected
to the vacancy on the Executive Committee,, Carl L. Smith, W0BWJ, is a new addi-
tional Vice President, and Gilbert L. Crossley, W3YA, was named a new Honorary
Vice President. All other officers and Executive Committee members were re-elected*
Complete minutes of the meeting will appear in July QST.

Quote-of-the-month: At the annual meeting, a show of hands was in process in vot-

ing on a motion, and the Chair admonished one director for not holding up his hand
high enough to make sure it would be counted. 11 But," said the Board member, "My
division doesn't really feel very strongly about the matter!11

10 QST for
A Digital Morse-
Message Generator

A cw identifier or contest "2nd opn

B Y JERRY HALL,* K1FLP The coda generator constructed as a ftatfon accessory- The
two-pfec* aluminum cabinet has been given a wood-flm'ih
appearance with a process similar to "antiquing.1* From
systems have often been left to right, the controls are power, code speed, monitor

E
MCTHOMBCHANICAL
used to key Morse-«nde characters for
transmitter identification and for other
short fixed-format cw messages. But as most
users of code-wheel systems and similar methods
soon learn, frequent mechanical adjustments
are usually required. Not BO with a solidnstate
system having no moving parts!
Various amateur publications in t.he recent
past have described solid-state cw identifiers
in one form or another. But none of those designs
seemed to offer quite the features we desired
for general-purpose use. Particularly, we wanted
perfectly proportioned Morse code, a variable
code speed, capability for a relatively long cw
message, and the ability to change the message
content easily. The instrument was also to be
simple and economical to buildt ruling out compli-
cated and costly memory-swt tching schemes.
After several types of operation were analyzed
in detail, including the use of different arrange-
ments of shift registers for self-completing code
elements, the approach shown in the block
diagram of Fig. 1 was chosen as the one* offering
the most flexibility for the fewest dollars and
fewest parts. The device can be built for about
S55 Including all component*, cabinet, power
supply and etched circuit boards. It is useful
wherever a Morse-rode message is to be repeated
often — for identification of repeater or H T T Y
transmissions, or as a semi-automated cw "tail
ender." The cw enthusiast can even go a step
•Aaawtaat Technical Editor, Q&T.
on/off, message initiate, and message stop selector. The
monitor speaker is mounted behind the cutout and grilL
The cabinet is fitted with rubber feet, hidden In thb photo.
further and use the unit for net call-ups and
contest formats (inserting the other fellow's
call, uf course).
The generator uses digital logic circuits, the
basic operation of which has been described in
a previous issue of QST f it2 and need not be
repeated here.
Circuit Operation
A two-transistor oscillator provides a con-
tinuous train of clock pulses to the input of a
binary counter, Fig. 1. The rime between suc-
cessive clock pulses represents the duration of a
dot or a space. We'll call this time interval a
"bit." A dash occupies the time of three clock
pulses, or is three bits long.
When a message ts being generated, the
binary counter "counts" or "adds up" the
number of clock pulses occurring, At any given
instant, we can fMerrainn exactly how many
clock pulses have been generated since the
message started, tnerely by inspecting the
counters output, in JL-2-MMfi fashion. A matrix
of diodes arranged to form AJSJJ and O R gates
is imud to perform this "inspection" continu-
ously. The matrix converts the various binary
* i>oC^lJi*HidLogic Devices," Q6Tt July, 1968.
2 SUplcM, 14 Integmted-Circuit Frequency TKvideiV
QSr, July. 196&

• Visualixep if you will, a small box that can be connected to your rig. Push a m
B button and the box automatically sends CQ plus your call, plum the standby K, \
• in absolutely perfect code- Or it can even be set up to send a complete contest •
i exchange or for a repeater identifier (automatically, of course). Cost of the unit? J
• Less than S3 bucks. Construction is all circuit boards that may be bought ready- m
I made. !

June 1970 11
 letter and number, is helpful for quickly deter-
mining the length of a message.

Aside from the diode matrix, the generator

circuit is the same for all messages, regardless
of the message content or length. It is therefore
convenient to build the basic circuit separately
from the matrix, and to provide a plug-in ar-
rangement for changing the matrix. Fig. 2
shows the complete schematic diagram of this
basic part of the generator. Some sections may
be omitted if they are not desired, without
Kg. I— Block diagram of fh» basic menage generator. affecting the rest of the circuit, and the total
The setf-compEetlng message may be iruttated mcmvally cost can be pared accordingly.
with the purii button or front an externaltimingsource. The clock circuit is not original. Because this
generator has clock-pulse requirements which
output staled of the counter into dots, dashes, are identical to those of WlWCG's IC£EY,<
and spaces, each element occurring at the proper we merely used his clock or time-base circuit
clock lime for the message being generated. with minor modification. The upccd-control range
This output from the matrix operates the keyer. is 10 to 50 wpm with the resistor network of
The end of the message is also detected Ri, It?, and R*. The speed calibration of R» is
in the matrix, being determined by the total not quite linear, being compressed somewhat
number of clock pulses required. When this at- mid-range. The three resistors may be com-
number has been generated, a separate output bined as one fixed value if code-specd changes
flips or toggles a control flip-flop, its output re- are not needed.
setting and holding the binary counter at koto. The binary counter consists of eight J-K
Keying stops. To again intiate the massage, flip-flops in cxuscade, the Q output of each toggling
the state of the control flip-flop is changed by the next Initially all Q outputs are low. When a
a push-button twitch, or by an external timing message begins, the first Hock pulse will set the
device or circuit- This action permits the binary Q output of high, the Q output* of all other
counter to advance, thereby repeating the en- flip-flops remaining tow; the second pulse will
tire message cycle. The message is self-complet- set the Q output of U\b high, all other Q outputs
ing. being low; the third pulse will set only the f/]A
As one can understand from this brief de- output and leave V\b high, and so on. Staples
scription of operation, the diode matrix com- shows this sequence iu graphic form for a 4-#tage
prises the actual 4'memory" for a given Morse counter in his Fig. That form of presentation
code message. Bach message will have its own "Van Cleef, "ICKE7 — An Integrated-Clrcuit Elec-
particular arrangement of matrix diodes. The tronic Keyer irith Dot and Dash Memories,11 QST, No-
number of diodes needed in the matrix depends vember, 1908.
partially on the length of the message, but * See footnote
primarily on the "rhythm" of the message, in
terms of repeated bit patterns at IntervaJs of TABLE I
2, 4, 8, 16, and so on. For aw identification
with most amateur calls, from 60 to 100 diodes I n t e r n a t i o n a l M o r s e C o d e C h a r a c t e r D u r a t i o n ,
Bits
will be required. (We bought ours at about
two cents each.*) As a rough approximation,
about one diode per bit of message length will
be needed for most messages. But more about A 8 N 8 1 20
this later. B 12 O 14 2 W
G 14 F 14 3 16
The maximum permissible length of a message 4 14
is determined not by the diode matrix, but by D 10 Q 16
E 4 R 10 5 12
the number of dock pulses which may be counted F 12 S S 6 14
without ambiguity iu the binary counter. Using G 12 T 6 7 16
four dual J-K Hip-flop integrated circuits in U 10
11 10 # 18
the counter, a count as high as 255 may be r 6 V 12 9 20
registered* With the last bit being needed to w 12
form the stop signal, the maximum available
J 16 0 22
K 12 X 14 Slant Bar 16
message length ia 254 bite* That's enough L 12
counting capability to send the message CQSS Y 16 Word Space 4
M 10 Z 14 Last Character - 3
CQSS CQS& DE WA0QST K — with one bit to
spare. Table I, listing the bit duration of each
* Inexpensive germanium diodes are Available from Poly Hie values given Include the proper spacing Interval fol-
Jftlci, P. O. Box 942. So. LynnfieLd, MA 01940. Unln* the lowing a character. The bit duration of a complete m w
(mt dmariboJ later in the text, usually about 60% or more sage U, therefore, three bits Ion than the sum of Hie bits
uf the diodes obtained are suitable for matrix uae. for Its individual characters.

12 QST lor
makes the operation of t.he counter easy to
viaualiae.
For simple identification, our Q outputs are
labeled to show their binary-cuiled-decimal
values, 1-2-4-8, and so on. The ntatus of the
counter may be determined at any time, merely
by observing the Q outputs of all flip-flopa, and
adding the HOD values for those which are high.
These Q outputs and their complimentary NOTVQ
(Q) outputs are fed to the diode matrix
through J}.
The matrix message signal is available at pin
A' of Ju gping positive or high for the key-up
condition and going low for the key-down condi-
tion. Q% functions as a buffer-amplifier, and also
inverts the siguaL
Qi and its associated components are used to
obtain a cw-keying output. If you need only a
keyed audio tone output, sueh as for a vhf
repeater identifier, this atuge may bq omitted.
H« limits the relay coil current to the proper
value* /fio limit* the ooutact Purge current and
prevents the relay contacts from sticking when
keying a grid-blocked transmitter. Its value
ahouid be two ohms for each volt of grid-block
bias. With J2 and J* simply connected in parallel
as shown, the generator can act as a "junction
box" for a lead from the regular key to the
transmitter. Just plug the key into one jack and
a cable to the rig in the otlier. This place* the
contacts of K\ in parallel with the output of the
regular key HO that either can be used without
changing any cabling. C'H and Q& and their
associated components are an audio oscillator
and amplifier, providing a side-tone signal for
monitoring. If the side-tone signal from the
speaker is not needed, Q* and related parts may
t»e omitted. If just the keying relay output but
no audio signal at all is needed, this oscillator
may also be omitted from the generator.
{/*A is connected as ail inverter, its filtered
output keying the audio oscillator formed by
The inside of Hie code
generator. A shortened
matrix board is plugged
Info h , whidi is mounted
on a home-made alum-
inum bracket. The
power supply compo-
nents and cw keying
jacks are mounted on
Hie rear paneL The
sockets used for the
transistor* and ICt are
not a requirement; the
board pattern is ai^
ranged for their direct
mounting.
June 1970
U*c and U^D connected as a multivibrator.
Circuit constants were chosen to produce a
tone of about 600 Hs, determined after con-
ducting several "listening teste" on various
individuals to be the optimum pitch for low-
level use in identifying vhf fm repeater trans-
missions. ("Subaudiu" tones in the viciuity
of 100 to 250 Hi wore found to be difficult to
read beneath high-level vojee modulation, should
an individual be especially interested in know-
ing whose repeater he was hearing.) The note
is very stable. The pitch may be slightly dif-
ferent from one IG to another, and will also
depend upon the tolerance of the circuit com-
ponents. Should you wish to make a change in the
pitch, the value of ffu may be altered. A smaller
value will yield a higher pitch, and vice veraa.
The oscillator output is available directly
at J*. However, this output is not suitable for
driving a low^impedance load. Any connections
t o / 4 should be into an impedance of about 2000
ohms or greater, or distortion of the signal will
result. The monitor amplifier may be used to
drive low-impedance loads other than the
sjieaker.
The type of Motorola J-K flip-flop used in
the generator is considered to be in its "set"
or il 1" condition when the Q output is high, and
"reset" or "cleared" or in the " 0 " state when
the Q out-put is low. For the flip-flop to operate,
its Cd input must be connected to the negative
side of the power supply (ground) or to a low
output of another logic circuit. Cot meeting the
C4 input to the positive side of the supply or to
the high output of another logic circuit will clear
the flip-flop.
When 110 message is being sent, the control
flip-flop, i f i s in its net cundition, its Q output
being high. This high output is applied to the
Crd inputs of the counting flip-flops, clearing the
entire counter to aero. The counter cannot
CLOCK

except as rwoirtft. decimal

WUJUES OF CAPAC (TAKE ARE
>1 MtCftOfiMhDS <>F) i OTHERS
ME M HCOFMADS iff CM
REMTAMES ML IM N M i
k-noo.

M must* op ie*t
 advance as long as its C& inputs are held high,
as this input overrides all others.
•s*r To initiate a message, S* is momentarily
pushed, clearing the control Hip-flop and causing
its Q output to go low. The low state at the
Cd inputs of the counting flip-flops uuw enables
the counter to advance, ticking out the message.
Once a message has been initiated, it would
cycle through again and again if the state of the
control flip-flop were never changed. A message-
stop signal from the diode matrix is used to
toggle U7, which then clears the counter and
prevents the message from immediately re-
peating.
Often, it might he convenient bo change the
stopping point of the message. This .can be
i S g S
done by having two slop signals built into the
S ? matrix at different places, and switch-selecting
I * one or the other, As ail example, a matrix might
be designed for automatic repeater operation
I I with the full message DE WA1LVI/1. For
fixed operation, a stop signal following the
JLiVl would be used, so the identification would
merely be DE WAIL VI. Should the repeater ever
be set up as a portable station, perhaps in time
i: of emergency, a flick of a switch would select a
second stop signal following the / I in place nf the
first, and the automatic identification to include
the portable designator would result. Another
idea for identification of R T T Y transmissions is
UJ use, for example, DE W1AW at the beginning
of a transmission, and DE WXAW K at the eud,
selecting stop signals as appropriate, either
before or after the K. A letter C stopped in the
appropriate place become* a K } offering a number
*!li! of possibilities for simple CQ matrices with the
amateur call included, indeed, the first stop signal
U c^ I may occnr anywhere throughout the "full"
message — eveu after the first one-third of a
ll^lMi dash (if the message were to continue), making
instead a final dot*
tt
£<S I
<5 i
o
Vs and 8\ provide the capability of selecting
one of two stop signals from the matrix. Each
stop signal is fed to an input of separate NOB.
gates, tr6A and L-^b. The signal to be used is
selected by "enabling" its associated NOR gate
to operate, through grounding the gate's second
input atTFI.The NOB gate for the remaining stop
r u signal is disabled by connecting its second input
* £ to + 8 . 6 V through thereby holding its output
low no matter what the signal input does. t'&o
and with combined double inversion, form
an OK gnte, SO that a stop signal fmm either 1/bK
or f/^Br whichever is enabled, will reach the toggle
input of t/7. This scheme of using selector gates
avoids switching transients when flipping the
selector switch. If the switch was connected
directly to the toggle input of { t h e s e transients
might initiate the mewage at an unwanted time.
The input to I f j is bypassed to prevent induced
voltage transients from erroneously triggering
the message.
I ' l l If the selectablc-stop feature is not desired,
uHuN u* u f u u u f B» fin, and iS'i may be replace! by Q% and
r

associated parte.
 Th* Matrix Fig. 3B represents an OR gate. If any one of
The matrix is nothing more than several the three Inputs, Dor K or F, is high, the output
diodes and resistors connected to form pimple voltage at the load will be high because a diode
JLND and O K gates. Fig. 3A is the axiomatic
will conduct. Additional Inputs to either the
of an AND gate. In this circuit a diode will ANT> or the O R RATE are available merely by
conduct if any of ihe three inputs is low adding more diodes to extend the circuits.
(grounded). The output level will then be low, Fig. 3C depicts two three-input AND gates
because the diode current drops the voltage with their outputs combined in one OR gate. In
Vcc arrow R. The output will be high only if this circuit, the common or ground-return
A. and B and O are high; 110 diod&t can rhen connection is not shown, though it is understood
conduct because no potential difference exist* to be used. The output will be high when G
across them, and therefore no voltage drop exists and H and 1 are high, or when H and J and K
wrote ft. are high; at all other times it will be low.
The circniti of Fig. 3D is identical to that
uf 30; it has merely been redrawn to occupy
less space. By enlarging this circuit through the
use of more iliodes and rectors to form more
and larger ANT) gates and more inputs to the oa
gate, we have the type of matrix used in the
OUTPUT message generator.
Of course in the previous paragraphs we've
ignored the fact ttuit in practice we do not have
"perfect" semiconductor diodes — there will
be some small voltage across a diode when it is
conducting, and some small current when it is
"nonconducting." However, with average*quai-
* ity diodes, the generator circuit will tolerate these
OUTPUT voltages and currents with no ill effects, even
in a matrix using a large number of diodes.
"^ww Germanium diodes should be used in the con-
struction, because they exhibit only one-fourth
n . the forward voltage drop that silicon diodes do;
•M- the "leakage" mrrents are about the same for
either type in the voltage range at which they
are used here.
Using various outputs from the binary counter
as inputs to the matrix AND gates, we make use
of the fact (hat the output from each AND gate
will be high only when all of its inputs are high.
For most message* consisting of DE followed by
an amateur call, 10 to 14 AND gates will be needed,
each having about fi or 6 inputs. The connections
are made so t hat an AND gate output goes high
or positive fur the message key-up condition.
This scheme usually requires the least diodes.
Consider thn operation as requiring a positive
output to blank" a continuously keyed signal.
When the generator is in ujwration, the out puts
from the various AND gates will be high at
various tames and for various intervals, as t-he
binary counter changes the inputs to these
gates. Each AND gate contributes its own small
part to the overall blanking waveform, and the
outputs uf all AND gates are combined in one
OUTPUT QH 4&
0SV OK gate to form the keying output* The principle
4fk is shown in Fig. 4.
-WW Fig. S presents the complete schematic of a
47ft
-WW message matrix. The message is GQ.
(0) For one accustomed to keying the code in
chronological sequence, it may seem strange
that In a device *uch as this we cannot merely
fit id a basic pattern of diode connections for
Fig. 3 — A N D and Oft gate*. SJ>own at A it an AND logic each code character, and then just wire up these
gate, while B represents an O* goto* The circuit of C patterns for the sequence we want- If w« have
is two fhret-input AND gates feeding a two-Input OR a ]jh] WA1LVI matrix designed, couldn't we just
gate. At D r this same circuit is redrawn to occupy lets space. change a few diodes to change the last three
letters, and send D E W A 1 H 0 L instead? Unfor- IMTRK I T t 1 4 5 b e is 5 +UV
9K&VU* 9 O o o
tunatelyT this cannot be done with our relatively OUTPUT
simple circuity b e m w c each bit of the keyed 47k
menage is rigidly controlled by the cumiuctions W
5 s
to the binary counter through the matrix. The
rounter information being fed into the matrix
•fi
w
is in "parallel" format, being several inde-
pendent signals occurring simultaneously. The
matrix converts this information into a "serial" *
output, producing the Morse code iu a time i . ^ AN,
sequence. The AM>-gate signal which blanks

Hg. 5 — A matrix for sending the message CQ. With no

stop signal provided fn this matrix, the message will
repeat continuously.
rin r u L tA)

n _ r u T — n w
TL (o
"LTLTLJU- idj
JUL] LTL- to
F|QB A—The formation of a coda character in the gen-
erator. The waveforms at A, B, and C represent outputs
of three separate matrix AND gates, each waveform
derived from binary counter Inputs to the gates. Each
AND gate output Es high during some part of the char-
acter's key-down time. The waveform at D Is the OR-
gate output resulting from the three AND-gate signals*
This Is the keying or "blanking*1 output signal from the
matrix. At E, the keying waveform Is shown after Inversion
In Qs, and Is now recognized as the letter F, This same
letter, however, can, and often will, be formed by other
combinations of AND-gate waveforms*
the output between the dots of the I at the end
of the 1>£ WA1LVI message might be the only
one to blank several other portions of the output
throughout the message, so one simple diode
change could disrupt our whole message. A
nompletely new matrix must be used for any
change in the message content, large or smalL
.lust starting the same message one clock pulse
later will also require a completely new matrix.
Determining how many and what diode con-
nections arc needed to pmdune any message you
might desire Is not- a difficult process, A simple,
methodical procedure requiring no guesswork
or ' l hucue-pocus M is used. However, the space
required to fully explain the process is just not
available in these pages of Q8T. For those who
wish to design their own matrices, a special
"riwiffticm' package" nf detailed information,
including circuit-board etching templates, is

Waveforms recorded on a dual-trace oscilloscope for the CQ-message matrix of Rg. 5. The upper waveform In the
photo at the left is the matrix keying output, and the lower waveform ts the inverted version, appearing at the collector
of Qs, The matrix output Is positive during the key-up period. Conduction of more or less diodes, and switching among
diodes in the matrix contribute to "steps" in the output levels. These steps are removed by the inverter-amplifier stage.
Slight ripple on the power supply voltage accounts for the " w a v y " appearance of the positive portion of the inverter
output signal, but this has no effect on operation. Shown in the photo at the right is an expanded portion of the output
signal of the C Q matrix. The formation of the output on a bit-by-bit basis is clearly indicated here by the steps in the
two output levels. The 3»bit-duration positive level is the space between the C and the Q. Three AND gates contribute
to its third bit, whereas only one gate contributes to each other positive bit
of the entire message, causing the marked difference in amplitudes.

June 1970 17
available from the ARRL. An 80- or 90-bit
message matrix design can be completed In an
hour or BO,6
Power Supply
Power requirements for the generator are
meager, being 7 volts at 450 mA, including
Zener-diode regulating current to obtain 3.6 V.
The current drawn from the 3.8-V portion of
the supply k 210 mA*
The power supply schematic? is shown in Fig.
6. We lined a full-wave rectifier-bridge integrated
circuitry but four discrete diodes could just as
well have been used.
of th* Generator
Construction of the generator i* quite straight-
forward, especially if an etched circuit board is
u*ed. Heady-made circuit boards are available.7
If you wish to prepare your own boards, tem-
plates are available from the ARRL.* The bogie
generator can be built and completely tested
without having a completed diode matrix.
The generator may, of course, be constructed
by other methods than through the use uf etched
6 A package of information ia available which presents
a Karnaugh map developed especially for u*» in designing
menage matrices for this generator. The amp permits a
graphical solution of the design problem to be reachcd.
,V working copy of the map, detailed instructions, sample
problems, aiui circuit-board templates with parts layout
are inetoM. Bend Sl.00 to AKK1* 326 Main BL, Newiag-
ton, CT 06111. Templates alone ar* 30flput*and an s^aj^e.
7 Tinned glass-epoay nimiit tmarrf* am available from
Stafford Jdlectronias, Inc., -4557 0. Jtonbow Rd., 'Greensboro,
NC 27401. The main circuit board ia drilled; the matrix
board must be drilled by the tuur for the individual
* See footnote tt.
boards. The parts ahould be arranged so that
the two transistors of the clock circuit are sep-
arated by two or more inches from the control
flip-flop, U7, to avoid having dock pulses trip
unwanted messages. Also, the precautions men-
tioned below about the keying relay should be
observed. Other than that, any parts layout is
suitable.
The cabinet ahown m the accompanying
photographs was made in the AKRL lab, and
measures 7 X 9 X 4 inches, Several utility cftbi-
uets of these approximate dimension* are avail-
able. The version photographed was made as a
station accessory, but perfect operation occurred
when the uuit, less cover, was set inside the
cabinet near the shield of the final PA tube of a
2-meter repeater running SO watte of rf output.
For use as au automatic repeater identifier, a dif-
ferent, packaging arrangement would probably
be desired, but a completely euclosed box is
preferred.
We debated for a good while about placing
the keying relay directly on the circuit board,
suspecting that the keying of high voltages
ikxight upset the counting sequence of the binary
counter. With the precautious taken, such was
not the case. The generator has been used to
grid-block key a full two kilowatts (into a
dummy load, of course) with no improper opera-
tion, and it operated flawlessly for the whole
period while keying a 1-kW transmitter during
the last cw Sweepstakes contest. To avoid pos-
sible problems, the keying leads from the relay
should not be muted near the clock circuit or the
counter IGs, nor should either of the relay con-
tacts be connected directly to the ground foil of

Shown here are various construction techniques for assembling plug*m message matrices. The board at the right has a
single-sided etdifag pattern, relying on bus-wire connections between diodes of each AND gate. This board, containing
250 diodes and 38 resistors, sends the Sweepstakes message CQSS DE W1FBY W1FBY SS K, which Is 30 seconds In
duration at 1Q wptn* At the left and center are two-sided etched boards, containing cop per-foil patterns on bath the
top and bottom of each. The assembly at the center uses a ready-made universal etching pattern which may b e used
to send any message. (See footnote 7J This matrix sends CQ TEST DE W1ETU W1ETU TEST K (for the DX contest].
To contain Its 214 diodes and 33 resistors, the two-layer arrangement of near-Identical boards as shown is convenient.

Fig. 6—Power supply for the message generator.
Cri, Cts—Disk, 1000 V.
Cz»—Electrolytic
CRa—Zener diode, 34-V, i-W {1N4729, 1N3822, or
Motorola HEP 102 or eqvivj.
7.5-ohmp 2-watt; mad* by paralleling two 15-ohm
1-wcrtt 10% resistors.
Spst toggle.
Ts—Filament, 6.3-V, 1.2-A (Stancor P6134 or Trfad F14X
or equlvj.
Ue— Full-wave recKfier bridge, 1 -A 50-V (Motorola MDA
920-2, HEP 175, or equivj. Four silicon diodes of
the same rating may be used instead, if connected
in the full-wave bridge configuration.
the board. Keyed currents through the ground
foil may induce transients into the remaining
circuitry. The lead* from the relay contacts
should be run at* a twisted pair to the keying
jack, or small-diameter coaxial cable may be used.
After the basic generator has been assembled,
the current should be metered at two points to
be sure that everything is proper. First connect
a milliammeter between the anode of the Zener
diode, CRi } and ground. Ttien with all the ICs
plugged into their sockets (if used), apply power
and measure the Zener current. It should he in
the neighborhood of 150 to 200 mA. If not, the
value of may be changed to obtain the proper
Zener current.
Next, meter the nurrent through the coil of
Kj, in the collector lead of Qt* If this current is
not within ten or fifteen percent of the proper
amount for the relay being used, the value of
R* may be changed for Ihe correct current. The
W102MX-1 relay is rated for a current of 40
mA, and with a 7- or 7.5-volt output from the
power supply, 1UU ohms should be the correct
value for ft*.
Testing the Generator
The following teste will check every circuit
in the generator. These teste should be p«f-
formed with no matrix connected at The
MC790P Hip-flops are quite rugged as far as
taking abuse from wrong external connections
goes, but to play it safe you may wish to connect
the jumpers for the following tests only while the
power is removed.
This first test will check the clock and the
first binary counter Hip-flop, as well as the keying
and monitor circuits. Connect a jumper lead
between pins D and X of Ju With the generator
energised, a steady string of keyed dots should
be emitted. If nothing happens, press the
June 1970
mhb&agk i n i t i a t e s button to release the counter.
The speed of the dots should be variable by
moving the speed control.
Next, remove the jumper and connect it
between pins W and X. Set the speed control at
the maximum speed. Now you should have keyed
dashes, about throe seconds long aod with a
spacing of about three seconds. If all is okay
here, the complete chain of flip-flops in the binary
counter is working properly.
Now we'll test the message stop circuitry.
Connect a jumper between pins E and A" of J\7
and another jumper between pins L and K.
Place the s t o p & e t j R c t o r switch (if used)
at position 1. (If you're nut sure of the switch
positions at this point, try both during the test,
and select the one which gives the correct re-
sults.) With the generator energitod, you should
hear nothing other than perhaps a few dots just
after turn-on. Now press the Mtfs&AGK i n i t i a t e
button. You should get a perfect letter H,
and nothing more. (You'll have to get your
finger nfT the button quickly at high code speeds,
or you'll get several Hs run together.) Each press
of the button should give an II.
Now, if you've elected to use the selectable
stop feature, move the jumper connection from
pin Y to pin Z, and flip the stop-signal selector
switch to its other position. Again depress the
hLESSACi>a i n i t i a t e button, and you should get
Another letter II. The selector-switch position
providing proper operation here is position
No, 2,
0-90
Fig. Circuit for tasting diodes. See text.
Construction of thm Matrix
"Bargain" and "junk-hox" diodes may cer-
tainly be used iu construction of the matrix, if
they meet the requirements of a test which can
be performed simply. A VTVM and a micro-
ammeter, preferably 50 pA full scale, are required.
In addition, a variable voltage source up to about
3 volts Is required. This may be nothing more
than a pair of flashlight cells and a potentiometer.
Connect the test circuit as shown iu Fig. 7. The
47-kfl resistor in included mainly for protection
rjf the microammeter in ca»e of accidental short,
and its value is not critical. First connect the
diode for forward conduction, adjust JS for a
current reading of R0 jiA, and read the voltage
drop on the VTVM. Select only those diodes
which read 0.2 volt or less. For most germanium
diodes the reading will be between 0.1 and U.15
volt. II the voltage roads between 0.4 and 0.6
volt, the diode is probably silicon, and should
(CanHmtftl oft pcttfe
19
 Building a Simple Two-Band VFO
BY DOUG DeMAW, *W1CER
OOUTVstate VFOs have some decided advan-
^tages over their tube-type kinsmen, though,
admittedly, there are a few features about
transistorized VFOs that can bring tears to the eyes
of the user. Fortunately, however, the bad features
can be resolved without too much difficulty. Some
uf the problems that affect solid-state VFOs have
already been discussed in QST^ and the cures
require but a few simple dosrs of preventative
medicine. Of greater significance, perhaps, is the
matter of peak output voltage from a transistorized
VFO. Previously-published semiconductor VFOs,
that have appeared in QST, perplexed the builder
because of the low uutput voltages available - a
level that is usually between 0.5 and 3 volts rras.
Since most tube circuits that ate excited by a VFO
require considerably more voltage than this, some
distraught readers have written in and asked for
assistance in mating the transistorized VFOs to
their existing station equipment. This article will
show how the output krol of solid-state VFO* can
be increased by using impedance-matching techni-
ques, and by the addition of amplifier stages, The
VFO circuit shown here can be used for a variety
of applications, and need not be confined to the
frequency rang? of 3.5 to 7.2 MHz. The tuned
circuit constants can be juggled to give coverage
from 5 to 5.5 MHz, or the user may wish to
increase the operating range from 7 to 8 MHz so
that the VFO can be used to control the frequency
of a 6- or 2*meter transmitter.
Circuit Data
In the circuit of Fig. I are two completely
separate tuned circuits - one for 3.5 to 3.8 MHz,
and one for 7 to 7.2 MHz. Since this VFO was
* Acting Technical ftditnr
l"Some Tips on Solid-State VFO Design,"
QST* May 1970.
Here is a follow up to the VFO design
article that appeared in last month's
UST. Some additional information is
given on debugging* and a practical
model of an 80- and 40-meter VFO is
offered to those wishing to try their
luck at solid-state VFO construction.
The unit described here is easy to
build, is inexpensive, and performs
welL
designed primarily for 80- and 40-meter cw use*
the tuning range was purposely restricted, thus
providing reasonable bandsptead. A spiit-stator
variable, 03, is employed so that there is no need
to switch a single tuning capacitor from one tuned
circuit to the other. Also, the arrangement shown
places the tuning-capacitor sections in different
parts of the circuit for tlie two bands. The 7-MHz
tuned circuit uses C3A from the junctionof the
feedback capacitors (CI and C2) to ground. This
gives the desired amount of handsprcad far
40-meter operation, but, when hooking the
80-meter tuned circuit up the same way, only 100
kHz could be covered with C3B. So, for 3,5 to
3*8-MHz operation, C3B is connected from the
high-impedance point on L2, to ground. The phone
portion nf 40 meters, and the 75-meter band can
be covered by this VFO by merely readjusting the
slugs of Ll and L2..
It will be noted that a rather high value of C is
used in parallel with each of the inductors, Ll and
L2. This measure was taken to enhance the
frequency stability of the VFO. By using a high CL
ratio, small changes in the junction capacitance of
Q1 have a less pronounced effect on the tuned
circuit than would be experienced when using
smaller values of capacitance. Silver-mica
capacitors are used in the interest of good stability.
So that the oscillator will start readily, despite the
high C to L ratio, Q1 was chosen to have high
beta and ftp. However, the high gun and frequency
ratings caused the stage to be unstable at vhf -
approximately 150 MHz. As C3 was tuned, vhf
oscillations could be seen on the output waveform.
Fig. 2A. The vhf energy was tunable, and it was
found that the lead from Ql's base-blocking
capacitor, C6, to the arm of SI A, was long enough
to act as a vhf inductance, which was being tuned
by C3. The addition of a 3-femte-bead choke,
KPC1, mounted right at the circuit-board terminal
for C6, cured the problem. The output waveform
Outside view of the two-band VFO. The case is
made of heavy-gauge aluminum to enhance the
ritfdity of the box. A band-change slide switch is
mounted on the side of the unit. Calibration is
done through the holes in the top cover.
QST for
 VFO
T-7rt Mite
SJ-MftlMf
CKCCPT AS INPICJUCD, DECIMAL VAUJES ?F
CAPACITANCE ARC IN MICROFARADS < jjM ;
OTHERS ARE W NC0MJM9J I pF M JtfF
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHMS [
WOOO»M«IOUOOOO< SIMSILV1* MCA*
ft'PCAK TO PEAK VOLTS.
Fig. 1 - Schematic diagram of the two-band VFO. Fixed-value capacitors are disk ceramic unless
otherwise noted. C9 is an electrolytic. Resistors are fe-watt composition. Numbered components not
appearing in the parts list are so numbered for circuit-board identification purposes.
C3 - DuDual-section miniature variable, 140-pF
per section (Hammarlund HFD-140, or Millen
2S140 RM>.
J1 - RCA phono jack, single-hole mount.
L1 - 00.68 to 1.25-uH slug-tuned inductor (J. W.
Miller 42A106CBI. J. W. Miller Co., 19070
Reyes Ave., Compton, Calif. 90221).
L2 - 2.2 to 4.1-uH slug-tuned inductor 1J. W,
Miller 42A336CBI).
Ql, Q2 — Motorola MPS6514, If substitute Is used,
it should have similar characteristics - VCEO
from the VFO be came that of Fig. 2B, after the
addition of RFC!. Ideally, RFC I would be
mounted on the base lead of Q U with the beads up
against the transistor body. However, this is not
always a practical method of mounting, so one
should attempt to get the heads as close to the base
connection as possible, thus minimizing the
possibility of a vhf inductance being set up fn that
part of the circuit. To further discourage parasitic
oscillations a collector resistor, R3, was included.
It should be connected as close to the collector
terminal of Q i a* possible, for the same reasons
given when discussing RFCi.
Output from Q l is taken across R4. Direct
coupling is used between the low-impedance
takeoff point uf Q l and the base of emitter^
follower, Q2. Resistor R5 set* the forward bias of
Q2 by picking *ome dc voltage off the emitter of
Q l . Sufficient rf passes through RS to drive Q2,
and it cun be seen that there is no measurable lost
in peak voltage across RS. There are 6 volts, peak
to peak, across the emitter resistor of Q l , and from
ha*? to ground at 02, a* measured with a
Tektronix Model R453 oscilloscope.
The collector of Q2 is bypassed for high and
low frequencies to assure stability, A 100-ohm
collector resistor, R6, decouples the stages at rf.
CI 1 is a feedthrough caveator tliat mounts on the
wall of the VFO enclosure, and is * further aid to
overall circuit stability. It helps to keep unwanted
rf from entering the VFO box along the 12-volt
line.
Output is taken from the emitter of Q2 through
a smaJJ-valuc capacitor, CIO, The larger the
June 1970
BUFFER
OftSV
5V# LOAD
IV&-100-J1 LOAD
90~a LOAD
of 30, hFE 150 to 300, and fT approximately
460 MHz. PD = 310 mW.
RFC1 — Three Amldon ferrite beads threaded on a
1/2-in. length of No. 22 wire. A 1Sohm,
1/2-watt resistor may serve as a substitute.
(Amldon Assoc., 12033 Otsego St. N. Holly-
wood, Ca. 91607J
£1 - Dpdt slkte switch. (Oak 399278-278 or
equivalent.)
capacitance, the greater will be the available output
voltage across a given load, but the smaller the
capacitance value used, the better will be the VFO
isolation from the succeeding circuit. One should
use only the amount uf capacitance that will
provide adequate peak output voltage. Typical
peak-to-peak voltages across some known loads aie
given on the schematic diagram. These readings
were obtained with the 47-pF capacitor, CIO,
shown in Fig. 1. if larger values of capacitance are
used at CIO there will be a greater chance for VFO
"pulling" as the load across i l changes. Such
pulling can be observed when the stage to which
the VFO is connected is tuned, or when the stages
after the VFO are keyed, as in a cw transmitter.
The result is a chirpy cw signal It is always better
to use light output coupling, and follow Q2 with
another buffer stage, preferably one that is
connected as a common-emitter amplifier.
However, with the constants given here this VFO
worked nicely when used ahead of a two-stage
solid-state cw transmitter, which operated "straight
through." The load that Q2 looked into was
approximately 500 ohms, the base input impe-
dance of the keyed Class-A amplifier siage.
Resistor R5 is mounted close to the base terminal
of 0 2 , and serves as a vhf parasitic suppressor for
Q2.
Assembling the VFO
In the interest of mechanical stability this VPO
has most of its components mounted on a circuit
board. There is no reason why the builder cannot
use point-to-point wiring if he does not wish to use
21
Fig. 2 - Oscillogram! of the VFO output signal a* viewed on a Tektronix Model R453. At A, tunable vhf
oscillations are superimposed on the fundamental signal. Ac B, VFO output signal after RFC1 (Fig, 1) was
added in the base lead of Q1. Some waveform impurity remains, but is removed after the signal is passed
through the tuned circuit of Fig. 4B< or the tuned circuit of a succeeding stage in the transmitter.
a circuit hoard, but the method shown here is
preferred by this writer for the reason given.
This unit is assembled in a larger box than is
really needed,, so those wishing to miniaturize the
package can no doubt pack the circuit into a much
smaller space. The larger format was chosen to
Amplify construction for those readers that might
not have extensive experience in building compact
gear. The circuit board 2 measures 3 1 / 4 X 4 inches.
The homemade aluminum box usees 1/16-rnch-fhick
stock to assure rigidity. The box is 3 inches high, 3
3/8 inches wide, and is 4 1/8 inches deep. A
U»*haped top cover is attached by mean* of six
sheet-metal screws. The bottom of Hie VFO is
enclosed by the chassis upon which it is mounted
There arc seven No. 6 spade bolts attached to the
^Ready-made circuit boards for this and other
T projects are available from Stafford
ggi
tectronics, 4VC7 S. Benbow RdM Greensboro, N.O.
24701.
lower portion of the box walls. These arc used to
anchor the VFO to the main chassis of the
composite equipment. If it is to be used a* an
outboard accessory a second (Shaped lid can be
made for use as a bottom cover, if this is done,
four adltcsive-backed rubber feet can be added to
the bottom cover* II used separately, a false panel
should be bolted to rhc front of the box (on metal
standoff ptists) to facilitate mounting a vernier
dial,
A scale layout for the VFO circuit board is
given in Fig. 3, The main body of the aluminum
box requires four Mil-degree bends, and these can
be made in a bench vise, The open ends uf the
Ktock are joined at the rear-center of the box, and
arc secured by means of a single strip of aluminum
that is 1 inch wide by 3 inches long. The strip is
bolted to the box with four 4-40 screws and nuts.
Tuning capacitor 0 3 attaches to the front wall
of the box by means of its threaded shaft bushing.
A small aluminum bracket secures the rear end of
C i to the back wall of the box. both ends of the
capacitor should be firmly attached to the box
walls as outlined. This will further enhance the
mechanical stability of the VFO.
Band switch SI is mounted on the side wall of
the box so that the leads between it and the circuit
board will be as short as possible. S I is a two-pole
double-throw slide switch. The builder may wish to
mount a miniature rotary switch on an L bracket,
inside the box, and bring its shaft out through the
The circuit board is attached to the side walls of
the VFO case by means of homemade aluminum L
brackets. The board is recessed one inch into the
enclosure. The dual-section tuning capacitor is
attached to the front and rear walls of the box. A
foedthrough capacitor is mounted on the rear wall
for bringing the 12-volt line into the VFO. A
phono jack is used to bring the VFO signal out ot
the box.
QST for
 TO S I B
3.5-MHZ POS
TO S 1 A TO S 1 A
7-MHZ POS. 3.5-MHZ POS.

TO S I B
7-MHZ
POS.

TO C l l
• E AND + 1 2 V
• B
• C

Q2

Fig. 3 - Scale template for the VFO circuit board.

A foil-side view is given here.

front wall of the box to pruvide front-panel
accessibility, Or, Rome type of mcchanical linkage
could be contrived to permit operating the vlide
switch from the front panel of the equipment.
Improvements over the method shown here will be
Jimjted only by the ingenuity of the builder. The
circuit board is attached to the side walls of the
box, one inch down from the top of the enclosure,
by means of two homemade L brackets.
Performance
t he waveform of Fig. 2B was obtained with the
VPO looking into u 50-ohm termination. It shows
good linearity, but is not completely clean. Some
harmonic energy is present, but its level is Jow
enough to not present any problems. The tuned
circuit of the succeeding stage normally restores
the waveform to a pure sine wave. Since there is no
tuned circuit in buffer stage Q2. one can expect
some harmonic energy t° he present in that part of
the circuit. 3
Typical peak-to-peak voltages are given for
various parts of the circuit. This will serve as an aid
to anyone wishing to compare the performance of
his model to that of the QST version. A diode
probe and a VTVM can be used if a peak-reading
instrument is not available. The diode probe will
provide rins readings, which can be converted to
peak readings for comparison's sake.
The VFO was checked for drift at 7 MHz. It
was connected to a regulated 12-volt supply.
During the first hour, drift amounted to
approximately 80 Hz, but the frequency change
was not all in the same direction. The wandering
may have resulted from changes in ambient
^Bipolar transistors generate considerable
harmonic energy by vertue of the nonlinear change
in junction capacitance, plus the more familiar
envelope-distortion harmonic-generation process.

June 1970 23
 e iuiuuB uitMLiLur 1111911 Miic imwii

AMPLIFIER
BFCl
Hl-Z
WTFUT

LQ-t
OUTPUT

O + ltV

Fig. 4 - Schematic illustrations of possible VFO circuit

additions. Resistance is in ohms. K^IOOO. Capacitance is tn pF.
At A, amplifier circuit that can be uied to boost the power
output of the VFO. L1C1 can be made to tune both 80 and 40
meters without the need for a band switch. The tap on LI is
Hl-Z chosen for the proper impedance match between Q1 and the
It omrur load. RFC1 consists of three Amidon ferrite beads. The circuit at
"-TUNEO B can be used to provide an impedance step up when the VFO
TMJWBMEJt
feeds the grid of a tube, or the gate of an FET. The transformer
is tuned to the VFO operating frequency. At C, a broadband
<B) toroidal transformer can be used to raise the output impedance
of the VFO. The turns ratio is chosen for the desired step-up
ratio. The transformer secondary must present a high impedance
to the circuit it connects to.

HW
OUTPUT
to
temperature, since the room in which the tests
were performed is subject to temperature varia-
tions. The bottom cover was not on the box when
the tests were made* During the second hour of
testing, the frequency was relatively steady, but
some wandering was noted over a range of
approximately 25 Hz. The greater part of the
frequency drift occurs during the first 30 seconds
of operation, no doubt owing to junction heating
of QL and Q2. AO in all* the drift specifications are
quite satisfactory for most amateur applications.
The VPO showed very tittle loss in output
when the operating voltage was lowered to 9. Some
builders may want to use Zeuer-dioderegulation.If
so, a i-watt, 9,1-volt Zener can be added between
the 12"Volt line and ground, A 220-ohm series
resistor xhould be placed between the Zener and
the i 2-volt source if this is done. With an operating
voltage of the total drain of the VPO is 20 mA.
Mechanical stability jls excellent The box was
dropped from a lieight of 6 inches and no
frequency shift or warble could he observed while
monitoring the output signal on a receiver whose
BKO was turned on. The shaft of C3, the main
tuning capacitor, was securely anchored in place
when this test was made.
Final Continents
It should be remembered that if this VFO is to
be used in combination with a tube-type
transmitter, some means for stepping up the VfcXVs
output impedance (to that of the tube's grid
circuit) should be employed. If the driven stage
operates Class C, then an intermediate amplifier
should be used to provide some driving power.
Such a circuit is given in Fig. 4.
If the VFO is designed to look into a high
impedance, but if the circuit does not consume
appreciable power, then a simple step-up transfor-
mer can be used between J1 and the load. It can be
a tuned circuit, or a broadband toroidal transform-
er. This method is useful when the VFO is used to
excite a mixer stage, ox to drive a Class*A or AB1
amplifier - a situation that is typical when dealing
with receivers or ssb transmitters. In such instances
driving power is not required, and only excitation
voltage is needed* fqg?^
Back Copies and Photograph*
Hack copies of QST referred to in QST
taue* are available when in print from
our Circulation Department. Please send
money order or check — 75c for each
copy — with your order; we cannot bill
small orders nor can we ship c.o.d.
Pull size (8 by 10) glr*»y prints of
equipment described in QST by staff
member* (only) can be furnished at S1.5U
each. Please indicate the QST mile, page
uumber, and other nereraary identifica-
tion when ordering, and include full m*
mittance with your order — we do not bill
nor *hip c*o.d.
Sorry, but no reprints of individual QST
articled are available, nor are templates
available unless specifically mentioned in
the article.

24 QST lot
• &ufinn&L and, TUwiau
How to Handle Hi-Fi Interference
A Cautious Approach To A Sticky Problem

There is no single solution to the

BY LEWIS G. MCCOY » WllCP problem of interference to audio
equipment. However, sojne of the
T is very apparent from our mail that while TVI techniques described in this article
I ha* become less and less a problem, amateur
may be the answer to your problem.
interference to hi fi, tape recorders, electronic
organ* and such types of entertainment equipment
be unreadable to the audio listener. Also, fm would
has been getting worse. It is. also apparent that
be unreadable. If the hi fi listener didn't know
most of the problems are on the increase because
there was a ham nearby he normally would be
of the gradual changeover to the use of solid-state
unable to identify the source of the interference.
circuits in these devices. While it is possible to have
However, we have to get along with our neighbors
interference problems with vacuum-tube units,
and sooner or later the source of the interference
solid-state equipment is much more susceptible to
will be identified - meaning you, the ham.
interference from nearby rf fields. The simple fact
of the matter is that solid-state units arc more
inclined to overload than tube devices. The Public Relation Problem
Let's make one important point clear before Before getting into details for curing such,
going into greater detail; there is nothing a ham can interference, let's discuss an even more important
do at his own station to eliminate the majority of phase of the problem - public relations. Having
these types of interference. True, he can go off the gone through all the troubles with TVI, amateurs
air, but that is not the answer to the problem. We should be well aware of the problem of dealing
are continually getting queries asking how a ham with an uneducated public. Most of the successful
can debug or fix his station so it won't interfere approaches that were used with TVI and public
with such devices. Possibly the only type of relations problems can be used effectively with
interference that could be the ham's fault might be audio equipment interference.
a harmonic that would interfere in the fm For one thing, never start off by telling a hi-fi
spectrum, 88 to 108 MHz; however, we are owner that you know your gear is OK and that his
assuming the ham station has no parasitic or equipment is at fault You may know that is the
harmonic emission. truth, but just for a moment, put yourself in the
What's The Reason? other guy's place. You've just paid "umpteen"
dollars for a real classy 8-channcl, multiple-speaker,
The question asked by any amateur who high-fidelity installation and some one comes along
doesn't understand the problem, would be why his and makes the. speakers jump off the wall with
transmitter signal could cause interference to a interference. How would you fuel? Not very good,
device that has no frequency relationship to his and that's for sure. Your first step would be to call
signal. For example, a record player i&n't even a the dealer where you bought the unit and ask what
radio receiver, it is simply an audio amplifier that was wrong. The dealer would send a repairman out,
amplifies audio signals. Nevertheless, such a device who, after checking the unit, would probably say it
can be easily interfered with by a nearby ham radio was the ham's fault and that there wax nothing
station, through no fault of the amateur. When wrong with the hi-fi unit (Unfortunately, while
such pieces of equipment are operated In the
presence of a strong rf field, the energy can be
coupled or fed into the device, causing interfere
m JO, J GOT NeiOHpA?
cnce* The rf is rectified in the units and ultimately WITH HI*! INTERFERENCE
appears as audio, in one form or another, at the HB BLAMED MY BUS,*
speakers.
An unmodulated, unkeyed, radio signal can
cause a hum in hi-fi equipment, or a reduction or
increase in the audio level which may go unnoticed
by the user. When the carrier is keyed, as in cw
operation, the audio level will change in time with
the keying rate. If the carrier is amplitude
modulated, the amateur's voice can be heard in the
audio equipment In ssb operation, the interference
will take on the character of gibberish and would
YOU w i c m a t r r
* Novice Editor. 9UTWHM3IH mfflw/

June 1970 25
 Additionally, the manufacturer straightened out
the dealer about the causes and cures.
We have heard of many such examples, so it
does pay to write the manufacturer about a
particular problem. Most important - enough so to
keep repeating ourselves - the answer in handling
CAMOTORSH) all complaints is to use tact. Probably the utmost
JOUfi TO
in tact was displayed by a ham who was blamed for
Fig. 1 - The disk capacitors should be mounted interference that was actually caused by three CB
directly between the speaker terminals and chassis stations. The ham stepped in and cured the
ground, keeping the leads as short as possible. interference and in the meantime made a ham out
of one of the CBers and the hi-fi owner! That's not
only tact - that's salesmanship.
the serviceman may know how to repair such gear
they seem to be completely inept when it comes to RgCjL
the simple steps of eliminating rf interference). /rm_o
Your problem is now one of educating an irate E
******* T TO OUTPUT
hi-fi owner who has been told that his equipment is
OK while your rig is at fault - and when you know
for a fact that the opposite is true! We could x UJUU~*
hardly fault a bam for feeling a tittle ixked about (A)
such a situation but believe us, nothing but trouble
wiU result if you can't handle the situation with JFC3
o-jrrrt^ *
tact and diplomacy. As they say, this Is the time to
"keep your cool". AC TO *C
A good approach is to tell the hi-fi owner that
UNE JTT SWITCH
you will be happy to talk to the dealer and °^TJUUU * *
serviceman to aee what can be done about the IB)
interference. Once you get to the serviceman, you
can point out the simple steps needed to clean up Fig. 2 — At A, the method for additional speaker
the interference. We can assume that the tittering, and at 8, filtering the aoline input. In
serviceman has some knowledge of electronics and both cases, these installations should be made
can understand lead filtering and bypassing. This directly inside the amplifier chassis, keeping the
approach to the problem will work in many leads as short as possible.
instances. However, you'll occasionally run into a C1,C2 - ,01-to .03-uF disk ceramic.
dealer who isn't cooperative, in such cases, the C3,C4 — .01 disk ceramic, ac type.
only answer is to write directly to the manufactur- RFC1 through RFC4 - 24 turns No. 18
er and point out the problems, including the tack enamel-covered wire, close-spaced and wound
on a 1/4-inch diameter form (such as a pencil).
of cooperation on the part of the dealer.
A* an example, a ham from Milwaukee had a
neighbor who purchased an organ* of well-known The Cures
make. When operating on 20 meters, the W9 had Step number one is to try and determine how
audio interference in the organ I which was about a the interference is getting into the hi-fi unit If the
block away). The dealer informed the ham that volume control has no effect on the level of
nothing could be done at the organ to cure the interference or very slight effect, the audio
trouble and even implied the cause was at the rectification of the amateur signal is taking place
transmitter. The amateur wrote directly to the past the volume control* or on the output end of
organ manufacturer, even offering to install the the amplifier. This is by far the most common
necessary corrective measures himself. The man- type. It usually means that the amateur signal is
ufacturer answered very quickly and assured the being picked up on the speaker leads, or possibly
ham that the organ was at fault and enclosed the on the ac line, and » then being fed back into the
required information for correcting the problem. amplifier.
fptfxnw THf VULBLAXt> H l< fn our experience, and we arc not talking about
DtrPICttiT^ radio or TV, most of the rf gets into the audio
system via the speaker leads or the ac tine, mostly
the speaker lca4s. You may find that on testing,
the interference will only show up on one or two
bands, or all of them. In hi-fi installations speakers
are sometimes set up quite some distance from the
amplifier, If the speaker leads just happen to be the
same length as one of your transmitting antennas,
you've got troubles. The speaker lead will act as a
re&onant antenna and pick up the rf. One easy cure
to try is to bypass the speaker terminals at the
amplifier chassis. Use .01- to »03-uI* disk capacitors
from the speaker terminals directly to chassis
ground, see Fig. 1. Vou can try .01 uP and see if

26 Q S T f o r
that does the job. We found in some amplifiers that
.03 uF were required to eliminate the if. Be sure to
install bypasses on all the speaker terminals. In
some instances, it may appear that one of each of
the individual speaker terminals are grounded to
the chassis. However, some amplifiers have the
speaker leads above ground on the low side, for
feedback purposes. If you have a circuit diagram of
the amplifier you can chedc, but in the absence of
a diagram, bypass ail the terminals. If you can get
into the amplifier, you can use the system shown
in Pig. 2 A. a method recommended by the
Hlectro-VoiceCorp,
In this system, two rf chokes are installed in
series with the speaker leads from the output
transformers, 01 amplifier output, to the speakers.
These chokcs are simple to make and help keep rf
out of the amplifier. In particularly stubborn cases,
shielded wire can be used for the speaker leads,
grounding the shields at the amplifier chassis, and
still using the bypasses on the terminals. Speaking
of grounding, all chassis used in the tii-fi
installation should be bonded together and
connected to a good earth ground (such as a water
pipe) if at ail possible. In our experience, we have
found that grounding sometimes eliminates the
interference. On the other hand, don't be
discourage if grounding doesn't appear to help,
fcven with the bypassing and filtering grounding
may make the difference.
Fig. 2B shows the method for filtering the ac
line at the input of the amplifier chassis. The choke
dimensions are the same as those given in Fig. 2A.
Be sure that the bypasses arc rated for ac because
the dc types have been known to short out.
Fig. 3 shows the method for lead filtering the
input circuits of an amplifier, such as the
record-player input. Keep all leads as short as
possible to reduce the possibility of rf pickup.
fONWWft A U CtfAtflJ TOaeiUCRAW CCmECTtHe
7M5MTO A 9 0 f t SAOTH (3RXI/VO AUtfUSLP.
designed with a cut-off frequency of about 40
Mhz. The filter will pass any radio signal higher
than its designed cut-off Frequency, but will
attenuate any frequencies below the cut-off
frequency. The filter can be installed directly at
the chassis near the fm antenna terminals.
Directions that come with these filters are for
television sets but the same installation techniques
can be followed for the fm sets.
Conclusions
We don't suggest that the amateur needs to
install these preventive devices on a neighbor's hi-fi
installation* The problem in doing such installa-
tions yourself is that the hi-fi owner would be
inclined to blame you if something went wrong.
However, as pointed out earlier, knowing how to
do the job will enable you to deal with the hi-fi
dealer or his serviceman*
In particularly stubborn cases, it is a good idea
to write to the manufacturer of the equipment and
see what recommendations he may have. And,
above all, use diplomacy and tact in dealing with
any interference case, whether it is your fault or
not. ShE3

StraysJk
SHIELDED
CA8LL TO
INPUTS INPUT OF
FIRST STME

Fig, 3 - Method for filtering phono or auxiliary

input leads. The filter circuit should be mounted
directly inside the chassis at the terminal. Use short
leads wherever possible.
C5fC6 — 150-pF mica capacitors.

Antenna Pickup
if the hi-fi setup includes an fm installation,
and many of them do, there is the possibility of rf
getting into the audio equipment by way of the fm
antenna. Chances for this method of en fry are very
good and precautions should be taken here to
prevent the rf from getting to the equipment A
TV-tvpe high-pass filter can prove effective in some
cases.
For the benefit of the Novices, a high-pass filter
The Cedar Valley Amateur Radio Club cooperated
is simply an cicatrical circuit, usually enclosed in a with the Multiple Talent Drop-In Center (a teenage
small shielded metal container, that will attenuate recreational activity) to demonstrate amateur
all radio frequencies below the filter's designed radio. WA0IFH is shown at the controls of the
cut-off frequency. High-pass filter® are usually deomonstration station.

June 1970 27
 Assemble your own microphone — well, why not? This article review* the basics
of microphonecontain* information on adapting military surplus nozMe-can-
celling* microphonem for amateur usef and shows how to construct carbon and
magnetic hand-held mike* from inexpensive telephone elements.
The Portable/Mobile Microphone
BY DOUGLAS JL BLAKE8LEE,* W1KLK
HJ& subject of microphones for mobile use
T really hasn't come in for much consideration
by hams — in fact, microphones for ail
amateur application* haven't received much at-
tention in recent yean*. Vet, &U phone transmis-
sion starts with a mike, and the quality and
intelligibility of that transmission can only be as
good a8 the microphone used* Microphones in-
tended for portable and mobile u*e deserve
extra nare in select-ion itg they must work in
very severe environments. Although this article
is primarily about hand-held microphones and
handset*), the material covered applie* equally
well to all microphones- The ham considering
a mike purchase will find the information helpful
in mnlnng a choice from among the many
types available.
Microphones have a number of basic charac-
teristics, and it is these factors that must he
considered when fitting a mike to a particular
application. They are: distortion, frequency
response, impedance, output level, mechanical
design, and directional or noise-cancelling ability.
These factors are considered one at a time in this
article, although microphone design is a Met of
compromises and trade-ofis among these basic
parameters*
DXBTORXION — Non-linear response of the micro-
phone to Bound waves. Distortion is not usually
a problem in mikes of modern design, except the
carbon types.
KHBQU3ENCT response — Bandwidth over which
the microphone responds to pound waves. In
bam phone transmissions only the portion of the
speech band from about 300 to 3500 Hs needs
* Aarifltant Technical Editor. QtfT
to be transmitted for good intelligibility. Micro-
phones usually have bandwidtha greater than
;?00 to 3500 Ifs, rfo the speech amplifier* in
transmitters are often designed to limit the
audio bandwidth to fho minimum necessary
(ssh tilter-fcype exciters often rely on the tiller
to limit transmitted bandwidth),
A microphone should have a response that is as
uniform a* possible over the desired speech
range, but thfe w the most difficult microphone
characteristic to achieve. The inexpensive types
often have peaks and valleys jn their response
UH much as 20 dB above and below the nominal
output level. This peaky response will increase
the peak-to-4Lveragp ratio of the speech waveform,
which reduces the average level of audio power
transmitted.
iMFpDAJNCH - - A microphone is a voltage gener-
ator which has an optimum load impedance.
Mikes are available in two broad categories of
impedance, high and low. The high-Z mikes are
lined within a short distance of the transmitter,
HI* the connecting cable cannot be made very
long without compensation or matching trans-
formers. Shielding of this cable is necessary to
prevent hum and notee pickup. Low-Z micro-
phones are sold in three popular impedances,
A), I ft), and 600 ohms. The 50-ohm types are
vawA by the commercial communications cervices,
while the IftO- and 600- ohm mikes are usually
found in broadcast, telephone, and public address
application*. The amateur'* choice of mike im-
jiedance ia usually dictated by the requirements
of his transmitter, unless a transformer is u*cd.
OUTPTTT LEVEL*— Related to impedance, output
l«vel varies widely with different types of micro-
phones. There are several systems of specifying
microphone output level in use, so direct com-
parison of various manufacture^1 specifications
can lead to erroneous conclusions Also, the test
level, reference level and load impedances used
The H-l 38 handset with switch and preamplifier assembly
partially removed.
QST for
in the specification of high-Z and low-Z mikes
are different, so the two canuot be directly
compared,1
MECHANICAL—In choosing a microphone1 for
heavy-duty applications, mechanical corwider*-
tions are important. Some microphones are in-
herently delicate and some are quite rugged.
Most have problems if exposed to dust, moisture,
or excessive temperaturer so the housing diuuld
provide protection from the elements. Mobile
microphone* are made up in either a handset or
hand-held case, and the choice between the two
is a matter of preference for amateurs.
NOI&B CANCELLATION — The ability to cancel or
reject noise while not attenuating the deeired
voice signal. This subject is covered in more
detail below.
Hjr'h
Fig. 1—Adapter ring for Hie 71 carbon mike when it It
to beined hi place of the Fl.
Carbon Microphones
The carbon microphone is used universally
by the telephone industry, and until quite re-
cently was quite popular with the military.
Carbon elements are low impedance {usually
between 30 and HO ohma), and very high output
— 0,2 volt or more, depending nn the dc voltage
across the element. They differ from the other
popular types in that the transmitter (or Home
other source) must provide art operating voltage
for the element. Practically, the voltage require-
ment limit* the use of the element to transmitters
designed for carbons. In amateur service, a good
deal of the converted fm gear in use on vhf re-
quires carbon microphones, and mme of the older
amateur equipment, notably the (lonseb Com-
municator series, had the provision to use carbon
elements. One reason tli&t the carbon mike has
remained popular with hams is the large numbers
available surplus fur a few cents eanh.
r
rhe carbon mike haa two principal disadvan-
tage*, a high level of distortion compared to other
type*, and a problem when the elnmerit is exposed
to moisture for long periods. Moisture in the
1 a telephone repairman — a hie smile arid a Ruod utory
The popular rutins for high~% tnir-rftphoneg U the nufcput
voltage. expressed in dB hplour r»n* voU, rrwasumil aero«
itn open nirmiit with a 1 dyne/em3 test. signal at 1000
aptAlnl in the mtarophoiw. Low-Z mikes use * different
Mystexn with the ratios in output power, expressed in dB »*]ei»KntH in the Bell -WO handset, and these units can be
below 1 milliwatt, measured across a 600-ohm load and
lifting a tent tone of 10 dyne*/cm* at lOOO H*. Several
other tent pmeedtires are io utw currently, ao direct com- turered by lTT's Telecommunication* Division. Another
parison of manufacturer'a specifications will only be valid
if the ante measurement standards hare been used.
June 1970
element will pack the carbon granules together,
reducing the output and increasing distortion.
In some cases the element slops working alto-
gether. The mike can sometimes be restored by
heating it for several hours in the oven or with a
sun lamp, and then tapping it lightly to loosen
the granules.
The older Pl-type carbon transmitters used
in surplus handsets and hand-held mikes can be
replaced with the modem T1 element (the type
used in r.he Bell 500 phone)-* To make this
change, fabricate a plastic adapter ring similar to
Fig, I, glue the T1 element in the ring, and put
it in the mike case, replacing the Fl, The Tie
have a little 1ess output than the Fl, but other-
wise are superior and will give years of trouble-
free service.
J&tpk
PORTS PORTT
Noise
fig. 2—Simplified center diamber of a noise-oancelDng
microphone.
The crystal, ceramic and dynamic microphones
are the high-Z types used by amateurs. Because
of its fragile nature and itu dislike of temperature
or humidity, the crystal mike is only used in
home stations, and rightly so. The ceramio types
have become very popular with manufacturers
who supply mikes with their amateur and OB
transceivers. The reaaun is, uf course, that the
ceramics are being mass produced and sell for
low prices? in quantity. They are high impedance,
which goea with the standard high-impedance
input of today's transceivers. 'The output uf a
modem ceramic is generally enough to ade-
quately drive most uf the popular rigs. But, a
reramic is a low-output, device, and operation
can be marginal with a transmitter that is larking
gain in the audio stages. An interesting charac-
teristic of the ceramic microphone is that if it is
terminated in «t loweM-han-optimum resistance
(iUUkii to 250kMJ the low-frequency output is
attenuated — a simple way to eliminate the
unwanted frequencies below U0U Ha. This fre-
quency characteristic is al*o true of microphones
tuade with Rochelle salts, another piezoelectric
material.
Many of the inexpensive ceramic units show
the effects of mass production — excessive peaks
jn their frequency response. Manufacturers rate
2
The beat uturce of Bell (Western Electric) element* is
helps, when you see the H*ll trunk in your neighborhood.
The military srrviiv* uut *i miliar elements; their TA-1I7
L-arbon microphone and TA-UiWV receiver are copies of the
found surplus. New element* can be purchased from any
Graybar outlet; Gr«ybar distributee element* jnanufao-
source is Yankee Telecom Labs. Meriden, Conn. Prices for
aevr Tls are about Si .50 and 12.75 /or a Ul.
29

RECEIVER,
<A)
Fig- 3 - { A ) The original H-t38/H-207
handset schematic. (B) H-138 modified
for amateur us*. Transformer 7i has a RECEIVER
250-ohm primary, 250-k9ohm secon-
dary (subminrahjre type) for high-Z
output (UTC SSO-l), or a 600-ohm
primary, 60-ohm secondary unit (UTC
(B) MIKE
SSO-I1) If tow-Z output rs desired,
(C) Handle-mounted preamplifier for
the H-138 using, an Amperex TAA-500
Integrated circuit* Uu Resistors are
composition type*, and capacitors are
paper or ceramic. Diode CJtl b an
8.5-vofr, 1-watt Zener. Jti and Rs are ' A
labeled for text reference, (D) input
attenuator to reduce the level to the
OP) } W i
receiver element. Si b a linear com-
position control (IRC R501B).
INPUT
o»
AUDIO IN
the nominal Frequency response for thene raikes,
but never mention the limits of deviation frutn
the nominal output level, f t i* generally true that
the cost of materials for all types of microphones
is very low unless put in a very fancy housing.
The yfold, testing, rework, and ret&sting that a
manufacturer goes* through to injure a micro-
phone meet* a specified frequency iwponse
within specified limits is what adds up to Lhe
price of a 11 good M microphone.
Dynamic mikea are the most popular type for
radio service. Dynamic elements are low impe-
dance, and matching transformers are built in
if Mgb-imped&nce output is desired. D y n a m i c s
range all the way up iu price until they rival the
cost of a communications receiver. The supcr-
expensive types are generally intended for re-
cording and broadcast work. The dynamic ele-
ment can be made noise cancelling or directional*
The mounting of the diaphragm is such that sound
can easily be applied to both the front and the
rear of the diaphragm to produce a desired pattern
or effect. Because of its excellent speech quality
and reliability, the military services have been
changing over to this type of mike for use on
field radio seta.
itfoira Cancellation
Amateurs usually don't have a broadcast-
studio environment from which to operate. ALore
often, the washing machine t« going, the children
are yelling, and the fan iu the kW is rumbling
30
H-138 HANDSET
OPTT
O SHI ELD
OMIKE
MODIFIED H-138
RECEIVER
p
n PTT"
-OPTT
- O SHIELD
D = 3 T j J - W
-OMIKE
U!
100
w v
68
-WV—o+HV
amplifier
R1 . . .
+8.SV
— p O -O l
O OUTPUT
JbiL
1TOO J
EftCCPT AS INDICATED, DCCUUL
VAUJEfl CP CAMCmUICE ARC
ATTENUATOR ft hkaofakadi tjtf); otneh»
ft*. M E IN PKOFARAOSCPFCR v*T\i
K W T A M C C B A M IH OKUS;
k-rooo.
RECEIVER
away. Peaks of noise trip the VOX and make
use of a compressor impossible. The intrepid
ham who operate mobile or portable faces even
greater levels of noise. When hams have multi-
transmitter setups, such as Civil Defense enters
and on Fifild 1 >sya . . , You know, you've heard
these operations uu the air. There are enough
problems an gelling a good aignal-to-noise ratio
at a distant rft»i?ivnr without starting with more
noise than signal at the microphone. The noise*-
canceling miko can be used to advantage in
many amateur application*.
The battlefield isn't a quiet place either, so
the military research and development centers
have spent a lot of time and money on noise
cancellatioa in microphone*. During World War
II the carbon uiike was the standard iu field
equipment. Many of the narbons of that day
had to really be shouted at to get much output,
anyway, so they only picked-up the heavy noise.
ISxperimeiitatimi went OIL with throat mikes,
ixyom mikes, lip mikes, arid other types tu ge
the best signjil~to-noi&e ratio. Many of these
effort* paid the price of poor sensitivity and
high distortion for the ability tn attenuate
background noise. Designs have improved con-
siderably in recent years, and the military has
been using some fine units which are now be-
ginning to show up as surplus.
The principle of noise cancellation (perhaps
more properly called noise attenuation, as it is
impossible to get rid of all noise) is quite simple.
QST for
 •llirillifiMiiiiiiiiitiiiijta«Hvai«rifHiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiii|itaaaii|]iii
•••ll>l<<aBl»tai<IHIIIia««BB»4IMMM»*a<<«»44IMII<<< W "• f 11 II II I
a a*a • •1 1•I i>i'NMiiinaaHH<ai
.W^IIUHM
too xo 4M
FIq. 4—R«sponss of a typical U1 receiver element. The
horizontal scale it frequency in Hertz and Ihe vertical,
amplitude In dB.
Referring to Fig. 2, the noise originating at some
distant point enters the mike through two porta
anil is applied to both sides of the diaphragm.
If the sound pressure is equal on both sides, the
diaphragm will not move and the mike has no
output* Speech is allowed to enter through only
one port; the diaphragm moves in response to this
sound pressure aud output w produced, The
shape of the diaphragm, the material it is made
from, and the mounting are all important do-
sign considerations. A problem Area is the ten-
dency of the diaphragm to "lock up" under
heavy noise pressure, distorting the desired
speech signal. Considerable progress has been
made in this area, and a good design will take
very heavy noise without producing applicable
speech distortion.
The mike element itself mu*t lie physically
small and Light, as someone is going to hnld it,
which means that the two sampling ports cannot
be spaced very far apart. If the voice is allowed
to enter both port*, it too will be attenuated.
So, uoisfr-caneelling mike* are inherently close-
talk devices. They must be held within inch
of the lips for beat results.
The measurement of a mike's ability to atteiir
uate noise is not btandard, and most, commercial
unite are sold simply with the label "noise-
cancelling", with no information on how well
the mike actually cancels background noirie.
A good unit should attenuate noise by at least
20 dB across the speech band.
Ham* have traditionally not spent much money
on microphones, even though good noise-can-
celling commercial units have been on the
market for awhile. The surplus hounds have
found two fine military models that are beginning
to show up on the market, the M-80 hand-held
mike and the IU38/H-207 handset (The 138
and the 207 are the identical handset except for
the length of the coil cord.) The M-80 is a current
Two homebrew microphones, the carbon unit on the left,
and a rear view of the magnetic mike to Hieright.The four
boles in the rear plate of the magnetic model allow noise
to enter the rear of the element to cancel noise being
picked up through the front opening.
June 1970
model, and the H-138 recently was obsoleted
(HHIIIUIMIII aa
•• • « « 14•
and replaced by the K-18U and the H-294 hand-
set*.
We obtained an H-138 and modified it for use
with ham equipment,3 The microphone element
used in this handset has an impedance of 1000
uhms7 and the receiver element-, IS ohms. The
receiver is connected through a transformer which
steps up the input impedance to 1U0Q ohms. This
transformer in mounted under the pnsh-to-talk
switch. All of the handset interconnections are
made with screw terminals, so it is easy to re-
>vr. » » arrange thing*. The coil cord has 5 conductors,
one of which is shielded. The shielded lead should
be used for the microphone connection. All
onnnectiou parts are located under the push-to-
talk ( P T T ) switch. The P T T switch has two
uormaily-open single-pole contacts that are se-
quenced so that one closes before the other. In
the original handset, the transmitter keying
contact was dosed before the second contact
connected the microphone.
Modifying the handset consists of changing a
few connections around and adding a trans-
former (Fig. 3B) to raise or lower the microphone
impedance to the value required by the trans-
mitter you are going to use. The receiver trans-
former is removed and discarded to make room
for the siibminiature miko transformer. If the
earphone is to be used, remember it taken only
a few milliwatts uf audio to operate. If it is
used in place of a speaker, an attenuator such as
shown in Fig. 3D should be included to reduoe
the input voltage to an acceptable leveL
If the handset is to be used with a transmitter
that is located some distance away, as happens
when using an fm rig in the trunk of a car, the
H-138's low-Z output is so low (hat noise pick-up
may he a problem. For this situation the small
preamp shown in Fig. 30 flan be used in place of
the transformer. This amplifier uses an Amperex
TAA-flOO integrated circuit and is designed to
operate on 12 volte dc. The TAA-fiOO requires
very little input signal (0.002 volt) for full output,
m an input attenuator, R\ andft*,was required
to reduce the output of the fM38'a mike to an
acceptable level, Zener CR\ protects the inte-
grated circuit from the voltage fluctuations often
found in mobile installations. The output of this
preamp is sufficient to drive transmitters designed
* Most KurpliiK hLures have bazutata end elements avail-
able. Two sources are the TaUen Co„ 300 7*>h Street,
Brooklyn 15, New York, and Fair Radio Bales, Lima, Ohio.
for carbon mikes. A* the output high, make
sure you are not overdriving the transmitter's
first audio amplifier.
Roll Your Own
tn looking at noise-cancelling mikes, we dis~
covered a Marine Corps unit that used the
standard Bell Telephone UI receiver element as
a noise-cancelling mike. The U1 is a magnetic-
type element with excellent frequency response
characteristics, as can be «em m Fig. 4. It has m
rear-port opening to the diaphragm for nofee
cancellation. The element doesn't have the
noise-cancelling properties of some of the fancy
military mikes, but then it only costs three
dollars.
The magnetic receiver element has been widely
used in amateur headset*. Home of the early
models had high response peak* in the middle of
the audio range. Old timers used this defect to
advantage, as an audio note would have a dis-
tinctive sound in the peak region. Many OTs
used their &perial net of "selective cms" to
pick out a desired signal in the "rot-fpn QllM."
Today you have to have rv tone filter or Selecto-
ject to produce the same effect, as modern ele-
ments like the U1 have very Hat response r-urvft*.
J Afferent from its cousin the dynamic, the
magnetic element u*e* a metallic diaphragm
which is biased by fixed magnets called pole
pieces. The drive coiL or coils are arranged to
add and subtract from the magnetic field when
an ac signal is applied, moving the diaphragm
and producing sound. Used as a microphone,
the process is reversed*
With a good but inexpensive element in hand,
rolling your own microphone is a simple assembly
job. The hardest thing to obtain was a hoijKtng
that would fit the Ul, A sturdy plastic raise was
found, which the manufacturer has agreed to
sell to amateurs,4 The T1 carbon element meu-
* The pjattic microphone ua&e* co*t- #1.75 postpaid frmn
Mr. Marie Gaytord, Action i3y$teja» Company, :i4 tfctn-
bndice ijtn^fc, Meriden. Connecticut- 06460.
PTT^i-
OPTT
| °S\ •OC0MMQN
u- OMIKE
CARBON
MICROPHONE (A)
OMIKE
O COMMON
MAGNETIC
RECEIVER OPTT
ELEMENT
fig. 5—Wiring of the (A) carbon and IB) magnetic tnlkei.
Si is a push-button twitch (Swltchcraft 903 or 913).
If high impedance is desired on the magnetic model,
transformer h r a 250-ohm primary, 250-kilohm secondary
subminiature type (UTC SSO-1) Is Included; otherwise
it mey be omitted, as explained m the text.
turned earlier also will fit In this housing. Coil
cords are available in radio store*, by mail order,
or at meet music stores where they are sold as
extension cords for elentric guitars.' A, three-
conductor cord is required for a mike with PTT
switch; otherwise, a two-conductor will do.
The internal wiring is shown in Fig. 5B- The
impedance of the 171 element in about 200 ohms,
so it may he wed directly for low-impedance
applicatiutis, or transformer Tt can be added
for a Iiigh-Z output. If the transformer Is located
iu the mike housing, it is nw^sary tn have a
shielded lead in the ojil cord to prevent excessive
hum pickup. Most of the coil cords deaifcned for
the piitars have such a shielded lead. A word of
caution about the will cords— don't cut off the
terminals supplied on the cord, and don't buy
ft cord without terminals. f rhe conductors in
these cords are made with a tinsel wire that it in
about iinpoRftble to dean and solder. The special
i*rmiiii«lH made for the purpose we the only
practical method of connect ion. You can always
cut down the terminal and solder it, if a bolder
connection is desired.
Two holes are drilled in the plastic housing for
the coil cord and PTT twitch. The PTT switch
may be mounted on either the left- or rights-hand
Hide of the mike rase. Put it on the Hide you find
i* most convenient. Large drill bit* ftp through
plagtic very quickly, an use a ttlow-tipeed drill
and take it e?wy when drilling. The uub on the
front of the esse is left by Uie injection mold
when the part is made; it can be cut ofl for ap-
pearance's sake.
A back plate for the buusing was fashioned
from sheet aluminum. Four &t-iiich holes are
(na»titiu$d m PHI*
»Rofch AUled Kadio nud Nnwarfc KtotTODtc*, Chittt«0,
illliafc i^ileldAH *ad ntwhldd«l ooi I cord* 1 n t.hrir Industrial
catalogs.
Fig. 6—Rear view of the carbon microphone. The bade
plate and rubber insulator are in the foreground. The
rubber piece it cemented to the aluminum plate before
final assembly.
QST for
 Transistors
Part 8—Odds and Ends

OBERT EL STOFFELS*

n Part 7 we learned a Utile about the actual In one of our earlier chapters we plolted, in

I biasing of a translator. We found that, al-

though t here is certainly more than one way
of providing thus bias, must methods have one
the form of a load line, the current in the emitter-
collector junction versus the voltage across this
junction, We found that. at. uue end nf this line
disadvantage or another, and some arc down- (called cutoff) the current was aero, and the
right unsatisfactory. voltage was equal to the supply voltage. At the
The best of Hie various methoda is probably other end of this line (called saturation) the
what in known art "single-battery biasing stabil- current was maximum (equal to the supply
ization^' which simply requires the insertion voltage divided by the external resistors in the
uf a resistor in the emitter lead, and the placing circuit) and the voltage was zero.
of the base lead somewhere on a voltage divider.
By drawing a fair amount uf current in this
voltage divider, the beta, or current amplifier
tion factor, of the translator became almost,
negligible. This made it possible to use transistors
without a tight beta spread, 1hu« materially
decreasing the evst of the transistor.
We derived the equations used in determining
the reaistor values in the emitter lead, and in the
voltage divider, and thus were able to obtain the
biasing network uf the translator with little
effort. Conversely, we found that if a transistor
used in a particular known circuit were to have
thet& equations applied then the equations would
bell us what current waft normally flowing in the
emitter-collector junction, and what voltage
appeared between the emitter and collector.
This month we shall discuss several subjects '.am
that aits lens complex ami arc not actually basic
in nature, but are nevertheless extremely im-
portant.
Power Dissipation
The first of these subjects is power dissipation.
As we know, power dissipation results in the
generation, of heat, and since it. is heat that de- Ffg. 8-1— Load line, showing power dissipation.
stroys transistors, we are urgently concerned
with it. Therefore, by wing the formula P - I X
The formula for determining power disepation it is immediately obvious that at both of these
In a transistor is 79/?; in must cases this is equiv- points the power dissipation is equal to tferu
alent to JS*//?, or /XA\ Knr our purpose let us wahs, since in the one case the current is zero
use the formula IXE* and in the uther case the voltage is wvo.
* Director, EAX Operation^ Automatic Flrctric Lalx>m- Point* a and $ respectively, of Fig. 8-1 show
tftrie*, Tnc,. Northlak*. 111. (UIIH4, Thin mrietv is reprinted t.he^e two point*, and we can therefor*? l^bel these
from Tettpknn*tfwgirtw& -\fattune nient, Mrookhxil Publish-
ing Company, Whmtuu, Illinois 00187. points "0 milliwatts*" Point b on this curve Is
arbitrarily chosen where K is equal to 7.B volt*,
and where, therefore, / is equal to 25 ma. In
this case the power dissipation is; P = f X W «
i55 mA X 7.5 V = 187.5 mW. This point has
been so labeled.
Point r, which in midway "p the load line (as
mentioned in earlier chapters, this is normally

June 1970 33
where we "operate1') has a voltage of five volts
across the emitter-collector junction, arid a cur-
rent of 50 mA in the junction. Therefore, the
power dissipation in the transistor at this point
is equal to 5 X 50, or 250 raW. This point has
also been labeled.
Point d is Jocatcd where the voltage is equal
to 2.5 volte, and the current is equal to 75 mA,
At this point the power dissipation is equal to
2.5 X 75, or 187.5 mW. Notice that this is
exactly the same power dissipation as we uutcd
at point b*
"When we examine the number of milliwatts
generated at these various points, it becomes
apparent that the point of maximum power
dissipation is at the center of the load line, and
the poiuta of minimum power dissipation are at
the two extremes,
If we were to examine a larger number of
points on this load line, and in the surrounding
regions, we would find that points of equal
power dissipation could be joined, and that the
resulting curves would be aa shown in Fig. 8-2
(these are regular hyperbolas, and are formed by
the equation k xy). Thus the farther up and
out our load line extends, the mure power is go-
ing to be dissipated in the transistor.
Isn't it a shame that we normally operate at
precisely that point on the load line where power
dissipation is a maximum! Not only do we have
to supply the power, but we have to ventilate
cabinets to get rid of the resultant- heat. Further-
more, it becomes necessary to purchase transis-
tors which have greater power-handling capa-
bilities, and naturally this costs money.
Claw B operation (normally called "pushf
pull") does not utilise transistors biased at this
maximum power point, but rather has its tran-
sistors biased at cutoff, where steady-Ktate power
34
dissipation is zero milliwatts. We shall learn
more about such operation in 1'art 9.
In like maimer, most switching circuits scrupu-
louslyavoid this area of large power dissipation.
Ilather they leave the transistors biased into
saturation (one end of the load line) or into cutoff
(the other end of the load line), both of which
points result in zero power dissipation. When a
transistor is switched from oue of these two
conditions to the other, the trick is to do it fast —
very fasti This permits use of a transistor which
is capable of handling only 25 or 50 milliwatts in
a circuit where the load line is as shown.
We might mention briefly some of the various
means used for operating transistors at relatively
high levels of power dissipation,
A most obvious method of preventing tran-
sistors from overheating is to air-condition, or
at least to ventilate, the enclosing cabinet. tfor
this reason printed-wiring cards are usually
mounted on edge, ao that convection currents
will cause air to flow past each transistor, thus
providing a certain amount of moling. Also,
upper operating temperature limits are usually
specified; failure to observe these limits will often
cause complete failure of the transistor.
A second method is to provide a a heat sink"
for the tranaibtor, This is either a *mall piece of
metal clamped to the transistor, or a larger
piece of metal to which the transistor is clamped.
In either case the heat generated in the transistor
is transferred by conduction (the best way to
transmit heat) to the heat sink, thus keeping the
temperature of the transistor as low as possible.
In cases where a large amount of heat will be
generated (power output stages, for instance)
larger transistors capable of dissipating up to
40 or fiO watts are used. These transistors are
built in a larger case, and are always used with
a large heat sink.
Lmakaqe Current
A second subject we should discuss, and one
which probably anises designers more trouble
than any other, ia what is known as leakage
current.
In Fig. S-H we have shown a very simple
transistor circuit. Note that the base lead is
actually grounded — a scheme which will cer-
tainly keep the transistor from turning on.
Kecall also that the emitter-hase junction of
the transistor is actually a diode, biased so that
current will flow from emitter to bane fin the
pnp transistor); and that the base-collector
junction is essentially a diode, biased so that
current cannotflowfrom the base to the collector.
Thus, in this circuit, there should he no current
flowing at all.
Unfortunately, this is not the case. It is true
that no current willflowfrom emitter to base, or
vice versa, but because there w a potential differ-
ence between the base lead and the collector
supply battery, current vAU. Row hetween these
two points. Because this current is Ipaking across
bhe base-collector junction, it is usually known as
QST for
leakage current (designated / « ) . This current in
a germanium transistor is normally on the order
of 10 microamps at room temperature; this is
small, but it cannot be ignored. T o make matters
worse, the characteristics of the transistor are
such that the current just about doubles for every
ten-degree rise in temperature (measured on the
centigrade scale). Thus a leakage current of 10
microamps at room temperature (20 degrees C )
will multiply to 80 microamps at 50 degrees C
(122 degrees F ) and to 1.6 mA at 60 degrees C
(140 degrees F).

suits in a voltage difference between the base and

the collector-supply battery, and as a result
"leakage" current starts to How. Because these
few microamps are flowing from the emitter to
the base (as the first leg of their journey) and
thus are flowing out of the base junction, we
apply the usual rules of a transistor, and multiply
this base current by beta to determine what the
resultant einitter-tu-collertor current will be. It
m will obviously be cunstderably greater (at least 520
limes greater), and as a result additional current
Ffc 8-3—Simple transistor drcuit with base lead grounded.
will flow from the emitter to the collector directly.
In other words, the leakage current; which
Now this is all well and good until we try to flows from the base to the collector, is being
use a circuit such a* it* shown in Fig. 8-4. In drawn out uf the base from the emitter. This
this case a resistance ground is connected to the amounts to normal base current, and the amplify-
base Lead, aud under normal temperature con- ing ability of the transistor causes appreciable
ditions this keeps the transistor cut off rather additional current to flow from emitter to col-
well. However, at higher temperatures, the cur- lector. This sometimes results in the transistor
rent flowing from this resistance ground, through going into complete saturation — without even
the base-colloetor junction! through the collector connecting the ba*e!
resistor, to negative battery, increases apprecia- One means of satisfactorily solving the problem
bly, The voltage drop acruto the base resistor is shown in Fig, 8-6. In this case the resistor on
increase*, and in a very *hort time the putentia! the base lead is not connected to ground potential,
at the base of tlie transistor is quite a bit neg&Live. bub rather to a positive potential. Operation in
The transistor sees this negative potential at the this circuit is satisfactory as long a* the voltagn
base, and thinks it. is supposed to turn on. It drop across the batfe-oimnected resistor is low
does, and the trouble start* I enough to keep the base at a positive potential,
(this will of course, keep the transistor cut oft).
-10* This vultage drop can be kept low by iwing a
high positive potential, by using a small ba*e-
cnnnected resistor, by using a transistor with a
low inherent leakage current, or by keeping the
temperature from raing too drastically.
Because of the exponential rise in this leakage
current with temperature, the maximum oper-
ating temperature of a circuit can be determined

Fig. 8-4—Resistance ground connected to base food.

A similar condition exists in the circuit of

Fig. 8-5. In this case the tMuse lead is left, open,
and although one would think that no trouble
could possibly result, the circuit ir extremely
"shaky." Looking at the situation in the follow-
ing manner often helps: a small amount of current
flows from the emitter, through the emitter- +10 vc
base junction, to the base. Because there is
practically no voltage drop across this junction, Fig. 8-6—Resistor to bene lead connected to positive
the base is nearly at ground potential. This tie- potential.

June 1970 35
to a reasonable degree of accuracy. If the tem-
perature exceed* this maximum permissible value
by so much as a degree or leakage currents
rise, voltage drops across these base-connected
resistors rise, the base of the transistor goes
negative, and the transistor turns on. Nothing
more can be donel
One solution to this leakage problem is to use
silicon transistors. The leakage current of a
silicon transistor is very much smaller than that
of a germanium transistor. Whereas the leakage
current for a germanium transistor might be 10
microatnps at 20 degrees 0 (68 degrees F) it
would be 0,1 microamp for a like silicon tran-
sistor. Obviously, therefore, it is possible to
operate a circuit employing silicon transistors at
considerably higher temperatures than are poju
sible with germanium transistors.
Pletuse note that the above problems exist
primarily when a transistor is to he held in
cutoff. When a transistor is operating Class A
there is little problem, since the biasing network
automatically takes care of the situation.
means of comprehending what the number really
represents.
Occasionally, however, the amplification factor
of a transistor is represented by it* "alpha," so
it is worth while to know the means of convert
ing between alpha and beta, and vice versa.
These conversions are as follows:
(or is for alpha, ft is for Beta)
, In
« - A,b . - _
0—
Notice that we have inserted in these formulas
two additional symbols, namely Am andftfh.These
are expressions of the two factors iu terms of
u hybrid" parameters, and although the entire
hybrid system is too complex to investigate here,
it is important to realise that specification sheets
often use the hybrid system exclusively. The user
should therefore recognire that this is simply
another way of expressing the amplification
factor of the transistor,

Bypam* Capacitor
In Part 7 we learned how to bias a transistor
-10 V. to obtain stable operation. One of the com-
ponents added for this purpose was a resistor in
the emitter lead.
It was pointed out that this resistor impairs,
to some extent, the operation of our circuit,
9 dince some of the output voltage which we have
been working so hard to obtain now appears
smtobh the resistor. Or, to put it another way, the
amplified an voltage appearing at the collector
of a transistor that is operating with a resistor
in the emitter lead will be somewhat less than
that appearing across a transistor operating
Fig. 8-7—Capacitor connected across the emitter resistor
without a resistor in the emitter lead. I am not
suggesting that we should eliminate this resistor;
Alpha we cannot, since we are relying upon it for stable
operation-
We h&ve, throughout these chapters, used the
term "beta," and defined it as the ratio uf There is, however, a means whereby we can
collector current to base current We have said regain some of this lost ac voltage, and that is
that the beta of a transistor varies from about to use what is known as an "emitter bypass
1M) to as high as 200 or 300. These are numbers capacitor/ This ia shown in Fig. 8-7.
1

we can comprehend, and as a result the term ik As can be seen, we simply connect a capacitor
universally used, and is extremely descriptive. across the remittor resistor. Because the do
There is another term, however, which was resistance of a capacitor is virtually infinite,
used even before "beta" was defined, and is still thin does not affect the load line, or any of our
used in some quarters. This is the term ''alpha." calculations. But because the ac resistance, or
Tt is defined, roughly, as the ratio of collector impedance, of a capacitor ran be made as low
current to emitter current. as we wish (by making the capacitance as large
as we wish; we are able to bypass the ac signal-
Now it is pretty obvious that this number is
voltage across this emitter resistor.
not nearly so easy to comprehend. Suppose, for
instance, that a particular transistor ha* s lieta A rule of thumb states that this capacitor
irf 100. If the base current is 1 mA then the col- should he made large enough so that, its imped-
lector current must be M0 mA, and the emitter ance, at the lowest anticipated signal frequency,
current must he 101 mA. As a result the "alpha" will he no more than 1/10 of the emitter resis-
of t he transistor is 100/101, or 0,00009, a number tance. And since the impedance \Z) of a capacitor
which is virtually impossible to find on the slide is;
rule! If the beta of the transistor had been as
low as 20, the alpha would have been 20/21, or
0.9523. Notice that even in this case t he result choice of this capacitor is not partimlarly
is greater than 0.9: so, as a result, there is little difficult.

36 QST for

OUT • OC LOAD LINE
OC LAAO LM
^-.OPERATING POCWT ^
£c
Fig. 8-8 W
Vfee
AC Load Line
Our discussions during the past months have
dealt very heavily with the biasing of a transistor,
and the do load line which showa just where?
and how (he transistor in operating. We have
not discussed— indeed, we have scrupulously
avoided — the existence of an ac load line as
opposed tn a dc load line. Such a line does exist,
however, and in order to understand how a tran-
sistor operate* in a circuit fas opposed to just
how it ia biased in a circuit) it is necessary to
spend suine time un it.
As you will recall, the two extreme* of the dc
load line were determined by (a) the supply
voltage, avid (h) this supply voltage divided by
all external rectors in the emitter-collector eir-
cnit (or Maturation current). Thus we ignored
any effect* due fu capacitors, transformers, or
inductors: we were dimply considering dc phe-
nomotui. Arid thin is as it should he, in mnsider-
ing the biasing techniques of an ac audio ampli-
fier we are talking about the steady *»Lalef or
no-signal condition. And under these conditions
only the dc resistance of the circuit is important.
But once the circuit is in operation the situa-
tion changes; for now we arc interested in the
an impedance of any transformer* in the circuit,
and the effect of any bypass capacitors we have
added. (Please note that if we are talking about
a capacitor — coupled circuit, and have not
added bypass capacitors to this circuit, the dc
load line is quite valid for consideration of tlie
circuit under actual operating conditions — it is
only when inductors and capacitor* have been
added that we must reevaluate our load line).
Let's look at three figure* to show what the
results of these component* might be. In Fig.
8-8A we have simply shown the dc load line,
and have indicated the operating point. Note t hat
the slope, or "tilt," of this line is indicative
of the resistance in the circuit. Had the re-
sistance been higher the saturation current
would have been lower, and the toad line flatter,"
If the resistance were lower, the amount of
saturation current would be higher, and the load
line would have a greater tilt. (If we had turned
the paper 90 degrees we would have had a truer
representation of this slope, since- we would
have had the voltage on the vertical axis, and
the current on the horizontal axis; in this <Mxe
the slope would have been represented hy Ir'ce -r
/a which is, of course, the resistance. Thus the
greater the resistance, the greater the slope).
As a final exercise with this line, let's assume
that the supply voltage had been raised by sev-
June 1970
OC LOMUJC
cApftcmvcur coupled
circuit cam srr*$s
Ic CAPACITOR
ccuuo .•AC LOAD LINE
CIRCUIT
AC LOAD LUC
to
eral volte, and determine what this would have
done to the load line. Because of this higher
supply voltage the load line would cross the
X-axis at a new, higher, value. This higher
voltage would, in turn, result in a higher satura-
tion current. The end result, of course, would
be a load line with exactly the same slope, but
simply displaced so as to fall in line with the
new supply voltage.
In Fig, 8-8B we show what would happen
if we were utilizing transformer coupling, The
dc load line would still be valid, arid would still
be used tn locate the operating jmiut. But in
this erase the w impedance of the circuit (under
operating conditions) would he considerably
larger than the dc resistance. Ojusequeutly the
slope of the ac; load line would be very much
flatter, as shown in the figure. It would, of
course, pass through the operating point on the
dc load line. It is important to note that this ac
load line is not symmetrical, as was the dc load
line. That is, there is considerably more operat-
ing room on the lower right side of the load-line
operating point (i.e-, closer to cutoff) than there
is at the upper left side of the operating point
(i.e* closer to saturation). Thus, if we drive the
transistor harder and harden saturation is
reached long before cutoff is reached. This
might., incidentally, be a complexly valid reason
for changing the biasing of the transistor, and
hence the dc npnrating point. By doing so we
would be able to locate the operating point at
approximately tlie midpoint uf the ac load line.
Pig. shows very much the same thing,
except in this case we are assuming a capacitively
coupled circuit (and thus no large ac impedance
in the collector circuit), and a bypass capacitor
in the emitter circuit (thus resulting in a lowered
ac impedance). Consequently the slope of the
line reflects an ac impedance less than the dc
resistance of the circuit, rather than a larger ac
impedance.
As was the c-itse in Pig, tt-KB, the ac load line
passes through the dc operating point. Notice
that in this case the expanse uf line toward the
saturation side of the operating point is larger
than that toward the cut-off side of the operating
point, Once again it is perfectly legitimate to
adjust the operating point (with the biasing
resistors) to permit equal excursions in either
direction on the ac load line.
One word of caution is in order here. Note
that in Fig. X-HG a heavily driven circuit will
result in a collector current considerably higher
than the saturation current shown on the dc
load line* This, in turn, could cause severe over-
37
driving of the transistor, resulting in complete A Digital Message Generator
destruction. (QonUnwdfivm pag* l£t)
It is not at all unreasonable to find a circuit not. be used in the matrix. Next reverse the
in which we are nsing both transformer coupling, diode aud adjust E for a rending of 2 volts ou the
and a bypass capacitor in the emitter circuit, VTVM. Head the revenue leakage ourrent
It is quite possible, in fact, to adjust the circuit on the nur-roammeter. tielect only diodes which
parameters so that the reduced ac impedance read less than about 3 pA — the lower the
attributed to the bypass capacitor is exactly better. If a large number of diodes is to be used
equal to the increased ac impedance due to the in the matrix, ISO or more, you should be a bit
transformer in the collector circuit. In such a more stringent on the reverse leakage teat,
case the ac load line is exactly the same as the rejecting those diodes that read greater than 2 pA.
dc load line. The above test approximates very closely the
operating voltages and currents of the circuit
Question*: in which the diode is used. We've never found
I. If we are operating at a point on a load line a diode which wouldn't work in a matrix after
where the triage euros* the transistor is 6 volt*, being selected by this test
and the current in Ike transistor is 100 inAr hmr lieady-made etched boards or template pat-
much heat ui being generated in the trans ixtort terns for building the matrix have the connections
3. flow doe* a power transistor beat the problemto the counter identified in tlie etching pattern
of high pvwer dissipaiiont as i, I, % and so on (of course you must wire
rV. fe it permissible for a transistor capable of the socket to correspond). The general idea for
handling SO mW to go through a region of ap- construction of these boards can be seen in one
proximately £00 mWf on He way from saturation to of the photographs. No. 18 bus wire can be used
eut-offt to interconnect Ihe tops of the diodes on single-
How fast does leakage eurrent, or Fv01 rise *ided hoard patterns; spaghetti insulation will
as the temperature rises/ pievent shorts between adjacent gates.
5. I* leakage current effectively controlled by By using care to connect and to orient the
biasing a transistor off with a positive twltage, diodes properly, the (.completed message matrix
rather than with a ground voltage/ should work the first time, li faulty operation
rt. Is the leakage current of a silicon transistor occurs, it can probably be traced to a single
about the same as that for the germanivm trans tutor f AND gate. This is easiest done by slowing the
T. What are the sytnbols for alpha and beta, message flown considerably aud determining
and what are their representations in the hybrid approximately what counter states are producing
system? the wrong outputs, by listening to the message.
Then from the matrix design information, see
.Vp What should be the impetlanee of a "bypass"which gates contribute to bits around those
capacitor/ counter states. A VTVM or 20,000-olims-per-
volt meter connected to the output of the Atfo
Answer*: gate will flick positive during the times the gate
I. The heat generated is proportioned to the r<* decoding. While listening to the message aud
product of the voltage across aud the current in watching the meter. & bad gate can be isolated
the transistor; namely 5 times 100 (equals 500 by noting improper "flicking" action, either at
raW, ur Vi watt)- the wrong time or not at some desired time. If
li. Firsts the transistor is. quite large- and thus the gate is wired correctly, the erratic message
has a large volume* Hcwondly, the transistor is symptoms may point to a particular diode. One
made so that it may conveniently be clamped to end of the diode should be unsoldered for critical
a "heat tank/' testing. Of ihe several matrices we constructed,
3. Yes, but it is something like finding yourself only one failed to work properly the first time;
in the womenVwear section of a department that was because uf a reversed diode which was
store: the discomfort of the situation is directly soon found by using the "meter flicking" test
proportional to the time you are there! described above.
4. teo approximately doubles for each 10-
degree rise in temperature. Operation
fi, Yes, indeed! This is probably the best way There is little to be said about the operation
of doing it, and explains why a number of power of the generator, other than to depress the
supplies are needed in electronic systems. MESSAGE INTTTATE button each time it is desired
6. No, it is very much smaller. Consequently, to send the message. Often when the ^generator
transistor circuits can be operated at higher is first energized, the message, or some portion
temperatures, and artiticial cooling equipment at the end, will be sent. Usually the same thing
can often be omitted. will he sent each time power is applied. This
7. The symbol for alpha is a, and its hybrid is because the stages of the counter will "come
parameter symbol is fab. The symbol for beta is up" at some random count, and the message
and its symbol is will proceed from that bit. If a transmitter is
8. Its impedance should be le*e than 1/10 being keyed, you should disable the keying
the resistance of the emitter resistor at the lowest while applying power to the generator, to avoid
expected frequency. —| beuding an unwanted portion uf a message, (pgr^

38 QST for
 A10-6 Mobile Whip
BY CHARLES A. RANKIN,* WA2HMM
T N the days before our licensing structure set up
an arbitrary split between them, the 10-and
6-meter bands made a popular and interesting
combination, both for home-station and mobile
use. Because it "opens" first for most ionospheric
propagation, "10" gives the 6-meter man warning
of impending DX, and being able to work both
bands conveniently extends the usefulness of a
mobile setup tremendously. Designing equipment
for both hand* is relatively easy, or you can use
separate rigs handily in these days of compact
solidrstate gear - b u t if you don't solve the mobile
antenna problem neatly you may run into family
problems in trying to work both bands in the car.
The solution lies in the now-familiar trap
approach. A parallel-tuned circuit presents a very
high impedance to rf energy at its resonant
frequency, but off resonance its series resistance is
very low. Thus we can break up a 10-meter whip
into two sections, with, a tuned circuit in the
center, and approximate the performance of a
resonant whip for either band.
Details of the trap assembly required are shown
in Pig. 1. This is only one way of doing the jub;
dimensions are not important unless you're inter-
ested in duplicating the original. The insulating rod
on which the trap is mounted can be any diameter,
provided you experiment with coil turns and
spacing, or use a variable capacitor in place of the
mica 10-pP one shown. The bottom section ofr the
whip is 49 inches long, including the S-inch spring
mount. The upper portion is 46 inches. These
lengths could vary slightly, as final adjustment of
the trap will take care of some minor differences in
materials and the position of the whip on the car.
Adjustment
Before the whip is assembled, the tuned circuit
should be adjusted to resonance at the approxi-
mate operating frequency used in the 6-meter
band. This should be done with a grid-dip meter,
with the coil well away from metal surfaces. The
turns can be fixed, and a variable capacitor used,
or, as was done in this case, the turn spacing can be
adjusted to resonance with a 10-pF flxed-vatue
capacitor across the coil.
Now, the whip should be assembled and mount-
ed on the car in the position in which it is to be
used. Be careful in tightening the four 6-32 screws,
to prevent stripping the threads in the insulation. It
may be well to drill a slight depression in the whip
elements, at the point where the screws will bear
against them, to make the contact more readily
maintained without excessive pressure.
The antenna is fed with 50-ohm coax, but this
should not be connected until after a further
resonance adjustment is made. Use the "dipper" as
* No. 8 Corral Lane, East Northport, NY
11731.
June 1970
M h* *|
I f *
Fig. 1 — Principal details of the trap used in the
10-6 whip. The coil form can be any good
insulating material. Weather protection can be
provided with a plastic bottle fitted over the coilr
once adjustments have been completed. If whip
sections of larger diameter than the 7/32-inch
original are used, it may be advisable to use a
larger-diameter form. Turns information can be
modified, so long as resonance at the 50-MH2
operating frequency can ba obtained.
before. Now connect the coaxial line, and run an
SWR check on both bands. If necessary, adjust the
length of the top section to get best operation on
10 meters. The writer uses the whip mainly on
28,73 and 50.46 MHz, but it works weJI over a
considerable frequency spread either side. The
SWR is under 1.5 to 1 on both bands, a value that
is inconsequential in a mobile installation.
Evaluation
The effectiveness of this dual-band setup was
checked against {ingle whips, with the aid of
WB2FXO, Greg manned the other station, making
transmitting tests and taking S-meter readings,
while the whips were changed on the mobile.
Results with the dual whip were found to be
comparable to those with a stainless-steel whip
adjusted for either band alone.
The system was also checked to see if the trap
was really working as it should, by touching the
top section when the antenna was being used on 50
MHk, There was no detuning effect, transmitting or
receiving, observed on 50 MHz when this was done.
Contact with the lower section made a marked
difference in the transmitted or received signaL
The whip has been in use with WA2HMM/mobile
for several months, and it has given good results on
both bands. ioefh
SWITCH
TO SAFETY!
39
 VHF Mobile Whips
1 rpreiver as short as you eon, or the reception
Ir
Sturdy toleicoping whip thai can be adjusted for either
2- or 6-mttor operation. Ten sections slide dawn imlde
cm 8-inch cylinder. An insulating mount for a conventional
coaxal fitting is shown.
BY E. P. TILTON,* W1HDQ
HOUGH this writer remains convinced that
T all vhf mobile work, by amateurs, at least,
should be done with horizontal polarization,
we must face the fact that vertiml polarisation
is coming back in vhf circles. "Circles" is ap-
propriate here, as we started with vertical for alt
vhf work in the 1930s, changing to horizontal
when ita advantages became apparent. We will
not rehaah. the arguments about polarisation
here; the principal advantages of each are dealt
with thoroughly and factually in The Radio
Amateur's VHF Manual, Chapter 8. What we
are concerned with at the moment is that, if we
must use vertical polarization, how to get the
best results with it.
There are advantages in the use of whips. Not
the least is that the general public has become
accustomed to whips on cars. A halo or turnstile
is more of a conversation piece, and you have
to be patient with silly questions when you have
either on your car. This leads many vhf operators
to hide their identity by using the CAT broadcast
whip for 6- or 2-meter mobile work.
sWeral aspect** of broadcast whips make them
less than ideal for vhf use. They're almost
invariably in the wun&t possible place on the car,
for one thing: on the cowl, too near the windshield
corner post to work well. And the coax used to
feed them is very poor for our purposes- It has
" * V H F Editor.
40
ftfine-wireventer conductor inside a plastic tube,
making its impedance an high that a bad mis*
matnh in the vhf range i? almost inevitable. If
you must use a broadcast whip, get rid of this
rttuff and substitute WW8 /II or *umething
similar.
The writer has done this on occasion, running
rhe wax to a switch, so that* the antenna can
be used for broadcast reception as well as and
6-meter mobile. Keep the coax to the broadcast
on that band will suffer*
In ordering a new car I always specify no
radio. This saves about a hundred bucks, and
leaves me free to do as 1 wish with antennas. Few
of us will want to gt> all the way in assuring whip
effectiveness by drilling a hole in the center of the
car top, but Lhere are iota of other ways to solve
the antenna mounting problem without resorting
to the conventional cowl mount that is almost
standard in radio-equipped new cars. It is a
simple matter to make some >*urt of coax-fitting
mounting bracket to fasten under the «*dge of
the rear deck opening. The OH people have
solved this for us, and several adaptations aits
found in stores catering to the CB trade. An
advantage of the coax fitting approach is that the
whip proper can be removed quickly, for substitu-
tion of ulher antennas, or for identity-hiding
purposes, if the latter is important.
Typem of Whipm
The advent of the a-m/fm portable radio has
made available a whole new family of whips, of
rises and construction well-suited to vhf mobile
and portable work. They take a little adapting
to use with coax fittings, but the result is usually
worth the trouble. There is a beautiful 54^-hich
job having JO tight-fitting telescoping sections
that collapse into a half-inch cylinder, about
X inches long. (Radio Shack, 11.99.) It is rugged
enough for mobile use, and its sections will stay
at any overall Length you set it for. One of these
is shown mounted on a coaxial fitting in our tirst
photograph, run down to a length of about 10
inches.
Using this with a PL-259 fitting took some
doing, but the result is neat and strong. A piece
of *£-iuch Teflon rod one inch long was turned
down to 11/lfi diameter, for H iach at one end.
Don't let "turning" scare you; if you don't
have access to a lathe, this operation can be
done with a tile fairly easily. Do it and the
drilling and tapping to follow before cutting to
the desired ono-inch length. Drill and tap for
6-32 a screw, which will extend through the
coaxial fitting into the whip end.
File the last half inch of a IJtf-inch 6-82 screw
down HO that it will make a tight tit in the pin
of the FL-259 fitting. Thread the screw into the
Teflon rod and insert this assembly into the
fitting. It will extend out of the top about H
inch for the Teflon and another H itich for the
screw. (The head of the screw is cut off before
this is done, if you don't have a source of 6*32
threaded brass rod.)
0 5 7 for
 The whip we have was tapped originally for
4-40, BO we drilled the base hole out and retapped
it for 6-32. All the strength we can muster at this
point in the whip will be needed for durability
in mobile fwvicet Screw the whip onto the
threaded inner conductor, and Holder the tip aa
thoroughly as possible. Let* the solder flow down
inside the joint, if it will.
This whip will stay set at 19 inches for 2-meter
operation, or can be extended to it* fail length
of incheu, for 6-meler use. The coax jack
(SO-239) for it id permanently mounted on a flat
area jiist in back of the rear window of an old
Corvair (Convertible that we use for banging
around, A round baffle plate of aluminum, about
& inches in diameter, was added to the car surface
to stiffen the mount- If yours is a shiny new car
you may noL have the heart to do this, and some
sort of adaptation for the rear deck opening
may look better to you or your family. In any
event, thin is a pretty good *pofc nn a car for a
mobile whip, in our considerable experience with
such matters.
If you're concerned only with 2 meters, an
infinite choice of whip adaptations in available.
The piano wire type is almost invisible, and is
very light, A 19-inch piece of rod or tubing,
J£-inch diameter or less, can be mounted in a
coax fitting in any of several eray ways. Insula-
tion quality is not too important at the whip base.
The impedance is low, and insulation losses are
nil. Use any insulating material that !s strong
atid will not absorb moisture^
A ronvenient way to provide quartern-wave
operation on both 6 and 2 is to mount a 19-inch
length of ^4-inch tubing in a FTr-259 coaxial
fitting, and plug in a 37-inch whip into the top
end of it when you want to go 011 6. There are
Lower portion of o five-eight hi-wavelength vertical an-
tenna for 2-meter mobile. The capacitor in the timed
circuit at the whip base is a fixed type installed after
the optimum value b found by u » of a small variable.
June 1970
many small whips that will serve this purpose,
aud the tubing can be drilled out to about a 1-inch
depth to take the whip end.
A %-Wave Vertical for 2
For 2 meters only, a X-wave whip gives a
worthwhile improvement iu coverage, and itf
easily made. The one shown here follows a
design by VE7ABK, in principle.1 A tuned
circuit at the base or the whip reaonatea the
system, to the operating frequency, and coax
inner conductor is tapped up one turn on the coil.
The length of the whip i» not critical, as tuning
the circuit will take care of several inches of
whip-length variation, with only a minor change
in radiation pattern and impedance to
matched.
The coil in wound on J<$-inch poly or Teflon
rod 2 inches long, turned down tu 11 /16-inch
diameter for the first inch of its length, and
H-inch diameter for the second % inch. This
Leave* a I J<£4nch shoulder extending above
the fitting, for the coil support. Drill the ceuter
of the rod its entire Length about J^-inch diam-
eter, Drill two No, OR bole* perpendicular to this,
one about K inch from the top and the other on*
itich from the top.
Drill out the top end of the insulator V^-inch
diameter, to a depth of inch. A 10-inch piece
of flinch aluminum tubing is inserted in this
hole, and drilled to match the No. 35 hole in the
irLguiating material. Tap the No. 45 hole for 6-32.
A |£-iuch screw runs thttligh the side of the
tubing to presw against the inner wall on the other
side, to assure good electrical contact for the top
end of the coil.
A length of No. 32 wire is used for making the
tap on the coiL Bend the end upward at 45
degrees, about Inch, HO that the point will
come up into the lower No. 35 hole when the
wire is threaded into the tip of the coaxial fitting
and up into the drilled insulator. It can be bent
around the ooil wire and soldered. The coil is No.
14 tinned, 4 turns wound on the insulating rod,
with turns spaced about % inch, center to
center, and another complete turn around the
top of the coaxial fitting, soldered in place. Wrap
the top end around the 5-32 screw inserted in the
top horizontal hole in the Insulator, and solder.
The capacitor shown in the photograph was ini-
tially a small 15-pl? trimmer, soldered across the
coil. Obviously this is not a permanent arrange-
ment, It having been put un to determine the
optimum value experimentally. This was found to
he about 10 pF, for a total antenna length of 45
inches, for use it1 the upper half of the 2-meter
hand. Adjustment of the whip length will take
care of other frequencies in the band, with one
value of fixed capacitor. Adjustment can be made
for minimum reflected power in the coaxial line,
or for highest reading on a field-strength indicator.
Whip length or coil turn spacing can be adjusted,
after the fixed capacitor is installed, as shown in
the photograph. IQgfrH
1"Improved Vertical Antenna for 2-Meter Mobile," Vara
Epp» VJBS7ABK, October, i960, QST, p. 32.
41
 Gimmicks ana G a d g e t s
A Simple J F E T and MOSFET Tester
W 7 I I E N working with transistors it's always nice
" t o know whether 01 not the semiconductor is
good. While there are plenty of available devices to • I % •• A* • < • I V I I ^ M • IM « m

test bipolar transistors, there are no simple l - - —i"- • " * t j - • P ^ J B H E V I * ••

M^™™^™™^™
I
I

checkers for P ETk The uni t shown in the

jHnRIKjSC I. ~ - iH^rviHHj^v^C j/OrZ " iH:Ir
photograph is designed to determine if a particular •
^WWH •
••• •
«L FT
M ^"^"^•
I m
<
11 IP" •
"H M" «« I
MI
I«
™
IPIP •
I
VP •
P— •
• I « •
—
«
•
^^^™^
•• I
1JP"

transistor is in proper working order. Although the

% JL^ • • J H C | |« • | | | M^L «« MWRFS&MMMM
« V H« <"^H^APV™^"W IMFP^M FP^^K^B *
A^BII I P • • • • •• ^
•• «| I M I M M •• ^ P—
•W AKD AAR^RK. IP • - IP — — — ^ ^ •

checker won't test the gain of a transistor, nor

NI «« I, IVI I« P « M I •« A | M « «« 4 ™ •
• A ^ ^ K ^ M • HP • P • P «M| | « MP* M L P^FPPP
B N ^ W • • M| I • P^L IHVW | MWFPM^M | ^JYJJ^

indicate positively that a transistor is defective, it is

^ V ^ J G ^ ^ IV^W HI IV P* I" | % J? • « P^VIMMMMMMMMM^^MMF

quite useful as a "go-no-go" indicator for shorts or

opens.

Circuit Details
The circuit shown in Fig. 1 consists of a
common-gate rf oscillator stage with provision for
selecting two oscillator frequencies. A 50-
microampere meter. Ml, is used to indicate the
rectified rf voltage from CR1. SI permits changing
the oscillator frequency by selecting cither L i for Here is the FET tester,in use, The unit being tested
144 MHz, or L2 for 10 MHz. A 9-volt battery is an MPF 103 and the meter reading indicates the
supplies the operating voltage. transistor is oscillating at 10 MHz.

Construction
nnFicn
A 2 x 3-inch etched-cixcuit board is used for
mounting most of the components. Fig. 2, a full
sdze template, shows the proper placement of the
various components on the board. A 2 x 4 n 6-inch
aluminum chassis serves as a cabinet for the
checker; however, any suitable container may be
used.

Using tbe Cbecker

It should be mentioned that the checker m?y be
used to determine only if the transistor in question
will function as an oscillator. If the circuit won't
oscillate, it doesn't necessarily mean that the PPT
is defective, But, if it does oscillate, it's a good
indication the device is at least in working order.

Fig. 1 - - Circuit diagram of the transistor checker.

All i001-uF capacitors are disk ceramic. Other
capacitors are dipped silver micas. All resistors are
1/2 watt. Parts designations not listed below are so
labeled tor parts placement in Fig. 2.
J1 — Transistor socket.
L1 - 3 turns,1/2-inch dia., 16 turns per inchr No.
20 (B&W Miniductor 3003).
12 - 8.2-uH rt choke (Millen 3430Q-8-2).
Ml — 0 to 50-uA meter.
R5 - 250,000-ohm control, linear taper.

Bottom view of the transistor checker. The circuit

board is mounted on 1/2-inch spacers. The 9-volt
battery can be seen at the bottom left.

42 QST for
 TO S I
144
MHZ
TO S I
COMMON
Fig. 2 — Full-size template for the etched-circuit
board. A ready-made board is available from
Stafford Electronics, Inc., 427 S. Benbow Rd„
Greensboro, NC 27401.
Checking a transistor is simple. Plug tlie FET
into the transistor socket, turn S2 on, and adjust
R5 for a reading on Ml. If the transistor permits
oscillation an indication will appear on Ml, the
amount of the indication being determined by the
positioning of R5. [f the needle on Mi stay* on
zero, there is a possibility of a bad transistor The
FKT can be checked at either 10 MHz or 144 MHz,
depending on the position of SI. Because it is an
easy matter to destroy MOSFETs certain precau-
tions should be observed. Static electricity can
cause a puncture of the fragile dielectric gate
material. It is a good idea to wind same thin, bare
wire around the Leads of a MOSFET before pulLihg
it from it's shorting collar or socket. The wire
should be removed only after placing the MOSFET
in the checker. When returning the transistor to the
original circuit, the same procedure should be used.
Operation
Several types of transistors am he readily
checked. Among the ones we checked were
HHP-SOU HKP402S, and some of the MPF102
through MPF107 series. When checking P-channel
types, the battery polarity must be reversed. If it is
expected that many P-channel types will be
checked, it might be convenient to add si
polarity-reversing switch to your checker. - WJICP
June 1970
TO R5
^VStravs ife
Feedback
in the article, "A Receiver Matcher and Pre-
amplifier," April 1970 QSTt the coils LIL2 are
listed as being made from a single length uf coil
stock. The stock is no longer available in three-inch
lengths so two sections of coil stock are required to
make the two colls. The coils should be positioned
about I/8-inch apart in order to obtain the desired
coupling.
w • • m m m
The author of "The 2-Meter QRP Mountain
Topper," Dick Preiss. W7HCV, (May 1970 QST)
resides at 7670 S.W. 141st Ave.* Beaverton, Oregon
9700S. One address number was mistakenly
dropped in our footnote.
V < • • H
The KMC transistors, K5200 and KS500, used
in the 1296-MHz preamplifier described by
WA2VTR in QST for December, IUAH, and in the
1970 Handbook, are no longer obtainable from the
source given in these reference** They can be
obtained on a similar basis from Bill Ashby,
K2TKN, Box 332, Pluckemin, N J . 07978.
The Post Office Department promises faster
mail service with Zip codes. Use Zip codes.
43
 ANTENNA HEIGHT VERSUS PERFORMANCE

fiQechnica^
Technical Editor, QST:
The article in the March 1970 issue of QST is an
interesting and well-written summary of KftYNB's

Correspondence
INDUCTANCE AND
CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT
Technical Kdttor,#S7V
Reference is. made to the Technical Correspon-
dence letter by W8PY in November 1969
measuring inductance.1 The general approach Is
correct. However, failing to take into account the
resistance of the choke being measured can, in
some instances, result in considerable error. The
circuit used for measuring inductance is shown in
Fig. 1.2 The complete formula, taking the resist-
ance rit the choke into account, is as follows:
L These nulls would be complete if the antenna was
The value of a capacitor can also be measured
using this idea* Replace the choke of Fig. i with
the capacitor. The original equation for reactance
is lived since the series resistance of a capacitor is
extremely small and can he neglected at 60 Hz.
Xo
(This equation is uf the same general form devel-
oped by Palmer.) The reactance of a capacitor is:
• JSxfC
where/U in Hz and Cis In uK f r o m this equation,
C ig;
10*
tivfXc
As a good approximation! it can he assumed that
antenna-height-experiment contacts with other
amateurs.3 And even more interesting, his finding*
can be correlated quite well with theoretical
information which is available in l*he ARR
Antenna Book,
We all know that the height of a horizontal
antenna ahove the earth determines its radiation
angle or wave angle — the angle above the horizon
at which most of the rf energy is concentrated. The
ARRJL Antenna Book contains a series
drawings showing the effect of antenna heights on
vertical radiation patterns.* Nor an antenna which
is 1 /4-A high, most of the energy is sent straight up.
As the antenna is raised to greater heights, the
transmitted energy is divided into lobes, with the
wave angle for the first lube always decreasing with
increased height. An antenna that is 1-X high,
which would correspond approximately to a
20-meter beam on a 65-foot tower, has two lobes,
at 13 and 48 degrees. Between these lobes, nulls in
the vertical pattern appear at 0, 28, and 90 degrees.
located above a perfectly-conducting ground, but
over a real earth, some small amount of energy will
be emitted at these angles. Mg. J shows the
geometry involved when radio waves propagate
through the F2 layer uf the ionosphere. Under
average ionospheric conditions, a signal between
the In west and highest usable frequencies,
transmitted tangent to the earth's surface
(zero-degree wave angle), will be refracted and
returned to the earth at a distance of about 1500
miles (40H0 km). Ordinarily, 2500 miles is the
maximum distance that can be covered by a
une-hop signal (earth to ionosphere to earth). If
the signal leaves the earth at some higher angle, it
becomes apparent from f i g . 3 that the one-hop
distance which is covered will he less than 2500
miles. A graph in The ARRL Antenna B
these distances for all wave angles between 1 and
90 degree*.6 A 1-Jl-high antenna will favor skip
distances uf 300 and 1250 miles. (For DX
communications, the shorter high-wave-angle path
can usually be ignored.) Pattern nulls correspond
to 0, 680. and 2500 miles distance.

I f f Is taken a» 60 Hz,
mioU the ionosphere is evenly distributed along the path
of the signal, and that multihop distances are
ItT integral multiples of single-hop distances. For a
iJl-hlgh antenna having a wave angle of 13 degrees,
The formula for determining capacitance then he- a 2500-mile distance would be covered best in two
comes: hops. For an antenna 1 /2-X high, four hops would
be required to cover this same distance, the
MSO
V
-V(ir-
Soverbeck, "High Versus Low Ataennas, QST
March, 15170?
•Chapter 2"Antenna Kuncamentals,,f Figs, tt-26
The A.R.R.L* Antenna
through 2-37,
One word of caution: electrolytic capacitors cannot A, RM*L^ AntennaBook.
"Chapter 1,44Wave Propagation," Fig. i-10. The
he measured hy this method, since they are nearly a
short circuit on reversed polarity. - Edwin L. Clark
W2NA, Box 181, Waretown,NJ OS75& CHOKE

1 "Measuring Unknown Inductances." Technical

Correspondence, (jST\ November. Iuti9, p. 46.

I
^Adevice for measuring inductance and capaci- V ISO Hz
AC1 i ^ i
tance by using the principle "Ut lined here is
presented in an earlier issue ofQST m See Gimmicks
and Gadgets. " C and L Measuring. Gimmick," by
L^P !
N o U b l F e b r u a r y , 1968, p. 28. - Editor.

Fig. 1

44 QST tor
 Fig. 3 - Single-hop and multitap ionospheric
propagation paths for <K 13-, and 30-degree
radio-wave angles.

Fig. 4 — Signal strength versus distance for

antennas at various heists. Flayer propagation.
The figures above the shaded areas represent the
number of F2 hops covering the associated
distance.

lus^iftft] XIA frl 4_S

ZX

ANTENNA
i t s »» *
Ttj[ 4
• •
v.-
HEIGHT I K V.'
•ML

^xi i I i lj—t
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 0000 "" €H»0 7000 S000 «000
DISTANCE, MILES

minimum wave angle for this antenna being JO
degrees.
A rule of thumb has been developed from the
results of detailed studies of ionospheric
propagation: Each additional hop of a signal
attenuates that signal by an average of 10 dB. So it
is eaay to understand that the signal from h
t-A-high antenna will be about 20 dB stronger than
that from a %-Arhigh antenna at a receiving
location 2500 miles distant, all other things being
equal. Fig, 4 gives a comparison of signal strengths
for transmitting antennas at different heights,
based on the information referenced above. The
signal strengths are displayed according to the
number of hops involved, but in reality the
indicated "nulla" between hop points will not
display a complete absence of signal. The chart
does display graphically how the many lobes of the
2-Miigli antenna tend to "fill In" the
short-distance gaps that are indicated for the lower
antenna*. making this antenna a better performer
for both nearby and DX contacts. -- Jerry Hall,
K1PLP, 181 Brimfield RdWetlvrsfkld. CT
06109.

^ S t r a y s 1ft
This is the W8YEK operating
position. That 78 year old ex-
roll-top desk houses Gene's new
homebrew console. He recently
made 5BWAS Nr. 5, the first 8th
call area station to so qualify.

June 1970
 Slow-Scan T V Viewing Adapter for
Oscilloscopes
B Y BILL BRILES,* W7ABOT A N D BOBEBT GEHVENAGK,** W7FEN

HE authorisation of slownscan T V for our

T lower frequency bands has opened up a

whole new adventure for radio amateurs.
StowHBcan T V hw made it possible to see the
fellow on the other end, whether he is across the
country or around the world. Slow-scan T V
has thus far been limited to the amateur builder ^ r — •• „
W •t .. - . - -
since no commercial slow^can equipment Is
available.
The fundamentals and standards for amateur
slow-scan are covered by Copthorne Macdonald,
^ - K m m l h
WA2FLI, in Q 8 T M The reader should refer to
these articles for basic information.
The slow-scan T V adapter for oscilloscopes
shown in the photographs was developed by the
authors so that the ham with an oscilloscope and most types are available in several different
could view ulow-ecan T V with a minimum of phosphoi*. The Heath 10-18 uses a SUFI which
investment and effort. The authors have used was replaced with a 5TJP7 at a cost of less than
the adapter on several oscilloscopes, including 915.00.1 If a direct substitute cannot be found,
the Tektronix 5J4, Dumont 304, Heathkit 10-18, it may be possible to find a surplus CRT of
Heathkit 10-10, and a Navy surplus scope, another type which will function. The Dumont
OS-8B. 304 used a 5ABP1 CRT, which was replaced with
a 5CP7A. This CRT was obtained on the surplus
Oscilloscope Requirements
market for less than $5,00.4 If the purchase of a
The oscilloscope's horizontal scan must be new oarillosoQpe ia anticipated, a P7-phosphor
able to synchronize from an external trigger at cathode-ray tube should be requested.
15 lis. The Bcope should have a dc vertical input
that will accept 10 volts. If the scope does not Adaptor Circuit Design
have a dc input, the vertical deflection amplifier A block diagram of the slow-scan T V con-
may be able to be driven directly. The circuit verter is shown its Fig. I and the schematic
shown in Fig. 3 was used with the Heath lO-JH. diagram in Fix- 2- The sJownscan signal from the
This arrangement should be adaptablefanother audio output of a communications receiver, tape
scopes not having a dn input, but Ri and R% recorder, or other source is fed into the input
would have to be scaled to j-ruvide proper of an integrated-circuit operational amplifier
centering. having a gain of 300* Therefore, a 0.1-volt ac
Most oscilloscopes have cathode-ray tubes peak-to-peak signal causes the amplifier to limit
with a P I phosphor. The PI phosphor is of short » t the supply voltages, and the limited output
persistence, which is nut suitable for slow-scan will be approximately 28 volts ac peak-to-peak.
TV. Therefore, the P I tube should be replaced The limited signal iy then fed to a series video dis-
with a 1'7-phosphor tube which has the long criminator, The output of the video discriminator
persistence required. The last two characters is fed to Q\y a video amplifier with a 6.3-volt ac
of the CRT type usually indicate the phosphor, >Macdonald, "A Compact Blow-Scan TV Monitor/'
• 2000 W. Coolbrook Aw., Phoenix Axicoot 85023. QSTt March, 1064.
T, Mat Bfi0f Monroe. Washington 98272. i Available from Barry Eleotrontai, &13 Broadway,
1 Maedonatri, "&C.F.M.— An Improved Hyitem for N«rYork,N. Y, 100T2.
Slow-ticm. linage Tramimiasian/* to two putt, * CatalogriC2799P7.Fair Radio galea, P.O, Box 1106,
Jimmy and February, 1961. Lima, Ohio 4AH02,

When the FCC authorised slow-scan television transmission, many amateurs

began experimenting with this mode. This article describe* a simple adapter to
convert popular oscilloscopes to slow-scan monitors. The dc vertical amplifier
and slow-speed sweep circuits shown will be of interest to amateurs owning
older oscilloscopes who want to improve their scope's performance by adding
these features.

46 QST for
 JLWPWK
Fig. 1—Blodc diagram of the adaptor which converts slow-scan TV signals for viewing on standard oscilloscopes.

filament transformer as a collector load. The so necessary precautions must be taken. I t

transformer is used to provide voltage step-up. should be mounted away from the power trans-
A transformer with 3000-volt insulation from former to minimize hum pickup. High-voltage
ground is used, as the CUT grid circuit has a wire is used to bring the CRT grid connection
1400-volt potential which must be insulated from into the unit, dockets were used for the integrated
ground. The video is then full-wave rectified and amplifier and transistors; however, the com-
fed to a lUOCMIz filter. The output video dc is ponents can be soldered directly into the circuit.
then connected across the scope CRT's series grid The vertical-tican output lead should be shielded.
resistor to modulate the CRT intensity. Several types of transistors may be used; the
The output of the video discriminator is also circuit was designed for devices with a minimum
fed to a 1200-Hz sync discriminator. This circuit beta nf 50. A variety of integrated operational
passes only the 1200-Hz sync pulses. The 1200* amplifiers may be used; however, the 709 was
H s sync pulses arc then rectified, filtered and chosen because of its low cost (less than $3.00)
fed to a two-stage amplifier, Q% and QB- The and its availability.
output of this squarer provides Ifi-volt sync
pulses. Scope Modification
A 5-volt sawtooth voltage is required for The potential between the CRT's control grid
vertical sweep on the oscilloscope. This voltage and the cathode varies the intensity. The
should have a very fast rise time and a linear control grid usually has an isolation i-eaistor
decay. A sync separator circuit is used to sepa- in series with the negative voltage lead. Video
rate the 3U-ms vertical pulses from the 5-ms from ttie converter is connected across this
horizontal pulses. The vertical pulses are fed into resistor to vary the intensity of the CRT. This
the vertical trigger, a one-shot multivibrator. resistor should be at least 100K. If it is not this
Provision is made for manually triggering the large in the existing scope circuit, it should be
vertical sweep with a frontr-panel pushbutton,
Si, in esse a vertical sync pulse is missed. The
multivibrator triggers a transistor switch, Q*,
that instantaneously charges C% every time a
vertical sync pulse is received. This capacitor
is discharged at a linear rate through Qj. The
base of Qr is biased by two diodes at 1.2 volts.
Thus, the current through Qj'n U.47-megohm
emitter resistor is held at a constant current,
giving a linear voltage discharge across C* This
sawtooth voltage is sampled by a Darlington
transistor follower, Q* and Qs. whose output
will sweep from 10 to 5 volts dc when receiving
slowH3can TV. The value of 5 volts was chosen
so that when a signal is not present, the dot rm
the scope CRT will be off the screen.
Construction
Two different luiits are shown in the photo-
graphs, indicating different construction ap-
proaches a builder can use. The parts are mounted
on a fiber Vectorbord. HAMS StfOtOD
The layout is relatively Jioticritical with the
exception of the 6-volt ac filament transformer
flfftffO /
which will have high voltage on the secondary,

June 1970 47
 VIDEO AMP

Fjg. Sdiematk diagram of the slow-scan adapter. Capacitors with polarity indicated a r t electrolytic, others are
ceramic or paper, except as indicated. Variable resistors are composition controls, Unear taper. Redstart are 14-watt.
Ci—4-j<F, 25-volt, nonpolarized tantalum, La— I0-H, low-current choke, 3000-volt insulation from
C*^2-jiF r 25-volt, Mylar. around (B-A I8A959*.
Q x - Q a IncL—2N7I8,2N697, 2N2222, or 2N3641-3.
Ji-Js bid.—Phono jock. Ti—6,3-vott, law current, 3000-volt Insulation.
Ut la—Variable inductor, approx. 200 mH {Miller 6330, Ui—Operational amplifier (FairdiHd *tA709, Texas bi-
UTC HVC-4, or Stancor WC-14). strumenrts SN6715 or Motorola SC4070G).

Interior view of W7ABW's adaptor, The transformer near the rear Is in the power-supply circuit. The phono lacks on the
rear deck are for connections to the oscilloscope and receiver—one is a spare. Two banana fades are used for the CRT
connections. The large transformer near the front panel Is In the video detector circuit.

48 QST for
 Slow-scan TV picture® photographed from the screen of a Dumont 304 ocdllascope, The scope had been modified
as described in the article, using W 7 A B W ' s 5STV adaptor. On the right h a picture transmitted by ZL1DW and tape
recorded by K4YPX, Memphis, Tennessee; the photo to the left was transmitted by K4YPX and received
by W 7 A B W in Phoenix.

4*0 K changed to 10QK. This will have no effort, on the

goope1* operation, since this control grid draws
+II5V no current. There Ls usually ample room on most
FROM SCOPE
POWtft SUPPLY suopea to install two additional insulated jacks
on the terminal boaj-d that has the direct deflec-
tion-plate connections.
frf lit
I2SH7 Adjustment
VEftTtCAi
output
unnm 1) Connect the scope's vertical input bo test
IR1KAL MOfc point I.
2} Connect a 2350-Ffx signal tn the input aud
adjust the video discriminator coil L\ for mini-
+ISV
mum indication on the scope. This is usually with
E^tPT As INDICATED, DECIMAL the slug fully inserted*
value* or CAPACITANCE &Fft 3) Connect the scope to test point 2. Change
ft MKR0FARA0SUF);rTHEP5 the input to 1200 Hz and peak the sync dia-
BOTTOM ARE IN PtCOFAJUDStpF 0* jijiFi;
Vltft RKISTANCM ARE IN OHUS', criimnator cuil L? fur maximum indication on the
k "1000, scope,
Rg, 3—Amplifier circuit to provide a dc vertical Input 4) Make the connections from the udaptcr to
for the 10-18. A similar conversion can be used with other the oscilloscope's external sync, vertical input,
ac-only oscilloscopes. Unmarked components are parti and the CUT grid.
in the Heath's original drcuih Capacitors are ceramic, b) Connect the adapter'*) inpuL to the receiver
and resistors are V^-waft, The twitch, Si, may be any
convenient type. The operational amplifier, U\t is a Fair- or tape recorder.
child /jA709. A and fc should be adjusted in value to 6) >3et the contrast, control at midposition and
give proper centering, if necessary* the sync control to maximum.
7) Adjust the scope's sweep to 1ft H* for
trigger lock.
8) Adjust the siise of the raster with the scope
horizontal and vertical size controls until a
square raster is obtained,
0) Adjust the adapter contrast and {lie scope
intensity controls until a clear picture is obtained.
If the picture i* negative, the connections to the
CUT grid should be reversed,
10) When a picture w obtained, the sync
control should be adjusted to a point just before
sync is lost. This will eliminate false triggering
when copying weak signals and, if a vertical sync
pulse is missed, the manual trigger can be used.

Another venlon of the converter built by W7FEN. Both sync

and contrast controls are mounted on the front paneL

June 1970 49
 be beard around these frequencies. The author
has now made suuie 25 two-wayfcftJTVcontacts,
in 16 different states and. three countries. Italy
" i w ] jn
CM-Clt4|INC150
l^jQ J c
and Ecuador have recently come on the air, but
haven't been worked yet at W7FJ3N.
Conclusion
r * The ritow-scan TV adapter has given good
FTg. 4—Power supply for the adapter. Capaclton are pictures on the scopes tried. A hood should be
electrolytic. Resistors are watt unless otherwise specified^ provided around the CRT face for direct viewing.
Cfc-Cfe—Silicon type, 200 V PIV or more, (Motorola Hcopes with ORT tubes that have an accelerator
1N4002, 1N4004,or 1N4007L Kill provide a brighter scan. The Heath IO-IH
CJt» CRs— 15-volt, 1-watt Zener (Centralab R4128-4, scope uses a CRT without the accelerator, and
Unitrtod* Uz715>. the brightness WAS noticeably less than others
Pj—Fused line plug. tried Our thanks to Bob, WA7MOV, and Bill,
Si—Toggle. W7DOZ, for their help in testing the adapter,
Tt—40-volt c,t., 100 mA (Triad F90X). and also, Malcolm, ZLIDW, and Jim, K4YPX,
for on-tho-nlr tests. Wjgr—j
The finished adapter can be finally tested in
several ways:
1) Tune to one of thefcWTVfrequencies listed
below ami look for a station transmitting SSTV. The Portable Mobile Microphone
Tune the signal as yuu normally would for &sb. (CWtnuecJ from puff* Sf)
It is a Rood idea to tape-record n, few pictures off
drilled in the plate to allow noise to enter the
the air — they then can be played back as often
rear of the mike ctemcut. A circle of thin mylar
as neceMary while adjusting the adapter.
was cut and glued to rover the opening on the
2) Hend a blank recording tape (with return
mike case and rear plate, forming a moisture
postage) t/> any amateur who in equipped with an
guard. This step is uut absolutely necessary, as
SSTV Hying-spoi scanner ur camera. All ama-
the U1 has moisture protection, and mylar is
teurs iti this held are happy to make a tape to
difficult to obtain rn a xmail quantity. Thin
get a newcomer going.
rubber sheet is cut to fit the buck plate, with a
;?) listen 1o the 83TV frequencies. You may
large hole in the center so not to obstruct the
find a nearby amateur is uu the tur with SfcSTV.
rear port holes. This piece, which can be «een
You can take your adapter to his shack to try it
in Fig. 6, Is glued directly to the rear plate. It
directly on a picture generator.
fctsals the inicrophonc cavity and prevents the
There are several ueU$ currently active where terminal connections from shorting out on the
8STV pictures are regularly being transmitted: back plate. The HI element itself is glued in
14.250 MHz Saturdays 1VU0Z place with contact cement. The back plate is
3.845 MHz Every day, West aiuu attached to the housing with four No. 0 sheet-
Coast, Alaska and Pacific metal screws. The finished mike can be given a
Hawaii Local time shine by rubbing the plastic with a soft cloth.
6.970 MHz Saturday and Hun- 2100Z A carbon version, Fig, 5A, was also constructed
day <Navy MARS) when we found the T1 element fit iu this housing
as well as the TJl did. The same parts and as-
The slow-scan calling and working frequencies sembly procedure are used, except the rear port
are 14.230 and 3.845 MHz, so activity can usually holes are left out of the back plate, as the carbon
version is tint noise cancelling. A shielded coil
W7FEN'* version from the rear. The power-supply com- cord is tiot necessary on the carbon version.
ponent* ore mounted ontiiecabinet wall, and the conver- The total cost of either model will be under
ter circuitry on Vectorbord. Using these microphones can be a lot of fun,
too. The H-138 has an unconventional appear-
ance, which causes stares whenever it is used in
public. Telling the fellow on the other end that
you are casing a homebrew, hand-held, noise-
cancelling mike . . . well, try that una for
yourself.

SWITCH
TO SAFETY!

QST for
 ^Recent Equipment
a c q u a i n t - y o u w i t h , t h e t e c h n i c a l f e a t u r e s of c u r g e n t
Ten Tec PM-2
TTGRE IS a piece of sulid-statc equipment that is
-H- practical and inexpensive as well as novel. The
basic transceiver package provides for operation on
80 and 40 meters, VFO or crystal control. The
transmitter section of the PM-2 also covers IS
meters, but the receiver portion of the equipment
cannot function on 21 MHz without an accessory
converter (which is available from Ten Tec). Other
models of this equipment are available, permitting
operation on 20 meters, in addition to one other
band. 1
The transmitter PA operates at approximately
2-watts dc input, and delivers between 1.5 and
1,75 watts rf output to a 50-or 75-ohm load. No
provision is made for operating the transmitter into
loads of other impedances, but a Transmatch
would enable the operator to use an antenna whose
impedance was other than the range specified by
the manufacturer.
Modular construction is used in tlie PM-2. The
transmitter is a separate assembly, as is the VFO,
the product-detector (receiver front end), and the
IC audio board. One may wish to purchase the
basic kit of modules and alembic his own
transceiver* vi he can obtain the PM-2 assembled in
its cabinet.
An operating voltage of plus 12 is required for
the PM-2, and maximum current taken (during
transmit) is approximately 200 mA. The tnanufao-
turer recommends that the equipment be operated
from a good stiff" battery pack, rather than from an
aooperated dc supply. An ac supply can introduce
1- Other models of this equipment are available.
The PM-2 and PM-1 are electrically identical* but
the PM-1 is supplied without the cabinet. ThePM-3
covers the 40- and 20-meter bands, but is otherwise
the Kame w* the PM-2. The PM-3A is identical to
the PM-3 except that it features break-Jn keying.
PROD. D E t
Rg.1 — Circuit of the Ten Tec product detector
and audio filter. A dual-gate MOSFET is used in
this circuit. It is followed by a 2-kHz audio filter,
FL1.
June 1970
tftmo.tgur'gcQy.
hum on the received signal, and may result in hum
on the transmitted signal when the VFO is being
used. Experiences while using regulated ac supply
tend to bear this theory out.
The Receiver
The prospective buyer should not be misled by
the apparent simplicity uf the PM-2 receiver
section. This is one of the "hottest" receivers of
simple design that one can find. The direct-
conversion technique is used here, meaning that
the first stage of this unit consists of a tunable
product detector whose BFO operates at the
incoming signal frequency. 2 Fig. 1 shows the
product-detector circuit. An RCA dual-gate
MOSFET provides goad cross-modulation and
overload immunity, and assures good conversion
gain and low noise figure. Two silicon diodes aje
crosfrconnected across the tap on the input tuned
circuit to prevent damage to the 40604 MOSFET
should excessive rf energy appear on the receiver
antenna Lead* BFO injection is supplied to gate 2,
which is forward biased by the voltage developed
across the source resistor of the detector. Forward
bias is also applied to signal-gate 1, no doubt to
increase the transconductance of the MOSFET.
Gate 1 is tapped down on the tuned circuit,
probably to aid thcQ of the input tank. Selectivity
for the receiver is established after the detector, by
means of FL1, a potted inductor and three
2 Another name for this receiving technique is
"synchrodyne'\ For additional Information see
April and May 1969 Q$T.
O+llV
^r m n f ^
TO K
Oil K01I«
T . T
ISV
EXCEPT AS WlCAfeO.DCClMAL VALUES OP
CAPACITANCE ARC. IN MICROFARADS 1 jiF 1 |
OTHERS ARE IN PICO FAR AO* I f F Oft
REWirANCFS ARE: N OHMS;
I ' l O O O . U - l O O O OOO,
31

OS V BUFF;
HDI
Flg.2 - Circuit of the basic transmitter. Provision
is made for crystal or VFO operation. The
collector tanks of Ql and 02'use tapped toroidal
inducton to permit operation on three bandsr 3,5,
7, and 21 MHz. A fixed-impedance output link
permits the use of antennas whose impedances ate
between 50 and 75 ohms.
associated resonating capacitors. Phone selectivity
js used, and the filter provides a bandwidth of 2
kHz. Though this is ideal for sab reception, it leaves
a great deal to be desired when operating cw.
However, since the audio channel has gain to spare,
an outboard 9U0-Hz cw filter, active nr passive, can
be added for code reception.
The filter is followed by a high-gain IC
amplifier. It uses an RCA CA3035V1; this circuit
operates with a gain of 100 dB» Provision if; made
for headphone output only* but it was discovered
that a lUOO-obm to 4-ohm output transformer
provided sufficent volume for loudspeaker opera-
tion on all but the weakest of signals. The
transformer was added as an outboard accessory.
Undez normal conditions, while using a pair of
2000-ohm headphones, the signals were *o loud
that the audio-gain control was nearly at zero
setting for comfortable listening.
Single-signal reception is not possible with this
type of receiver, but all one has to do to reject an
interfering cw signal is to tune to the opposite side
of rero beat. The receiver can handle either upper-
or lower^ideband signals if the operator tunes to
5 2
PA
<HUV
UCtPT At INDICATED, OfCUJAL
VAUfcS OF CAPACITAKCF ARE
IN MICROFARADS < ); OTHERS
ARC IN MCQTAHADltpF OR JR»F1;
flCWTANCCS ARE M OHKS;
fc«lftOO»M>l<?QOOOO
the proper side of zero beat when tuning in the ssb
signal. A-m signals can be received by tuning to
exact zero beat, but the quality of a-m signals that
are copied on a dircct-conversion receiver ut leas
than ideal.
Since the dynamic range uf I FTs is excellent,
as compared to bipolar transistors and (Cs, strong
focal broadcast and ham signals have little effect oa
this receiver. The writer lives but two blocks from
a-m station which operates in the high end of
the broadcast band. No evidence of a-m detection
or overload could be noted. This was not true,
however, when testing other tube and transistor-
ized receivers at the same location.
Trans)mttcr Circuit
f i g . 2 shows the circuit of the two-stage
transmitter. Bipolar transistors are used for both
stages, and toroidal inductors are employed in the
tuned circuits to achicve highg and compactness.
A switch provides for crystal or VFO operation.
I l l e VFO function* as a tihO during receive, It
operates at the signal frequency, but much to the
writer's amazement it proved to he relatively
interior view of the Ten Tec PM-2. The VFO/BFO
tuning capacitor is seen at the left-center of the
photo, the remainder of the tuning capacitors are
located along the bottom edge of the front panel.
The VFO circuit board is at the far left. An open
space is adjacent to the VFO module. The
15-meter receiving converter cart be installed in
that area. The product-detector board is visible at
the upper right of the photo, and the two-stage
transmitter module is directly below it. The
audio-amplifier board is mounted on its edge at the
center of the base plate, directly behind the panel
meter. The input and output jacks, and the power
receptacle, are located on the rear hp of the
cabinet.
QST for
 osc. BUFFER
too
WS^—o+i»v
TO TRAM.the product detector of Fig. 1. 0 2 operates as an
XWO PROD.
oer.
switch.
EMC£PT At INDICATED, OECIMAL
VALUES OF CAPACITANCE ME
ft MKIVDFARAOStjirKOTHCRI
ARE IN PICOFARAOtpF OR jjiF);
RCSUTANCES ARC IN tHM%\
h HOOO k M" 1000 000
chirp-free*3 Here, again, a good stiff battery supply
it* important to good operation. A voltage that
shifts as the load changes will cause a chirpy ew
signal. Q1 is a high-beta translator whose fx rating w
in the uhf spectrum. This type of device makes an
excellent oscillator or amplifier, provided spurious
oscillations can be suppressed. No evidence of
instability was noted when testing the rig. The
oollcctor of Q1 is tapped down on its tuned circuit
to provide an impedance match, A 407-pF
broadcast variable tunes the toroidal inductor to
resonance at 3.5* 7, and 21 MHz. A band switch
selects the appropriate taps on the coil for the
band of operation. Keying is done in the emitter
return of Q1. Though no shaping is incorporated,
the cw note is, relatively clean and free of clicks. It
would be an easy matter to add some shaping to
the keying, and the operator may wish to do so. 4
The PA stage, 0 2 , Pig. 2, uses a 2N4427 which
operates essentially Gas* C. Its tank circuit is
arranged in a like manner to that of Q1, Output is
taken from a fixed link which is designed to look
into a SO- or 75-uhm termination. A panel meter
reads relative collector current of the PA. The
oscillator is tuned for maximum meter reading.
The PA is tuned for a dip in meter reading. The PA
appears to be stable, because the dip in collector
current coincides with maximum rf output. There
are no protective measures to prevent damage to
Q2 should the transmitter be keyed at a time when
there is no load, or when a severe mismatch occurs.
The VFO
As outlined earlier, the VFO operates as a B R )
during receive and is shown schematically in Fig. 3.
Both transistors are high-beta, high-ftp types. By
selecting a high-beta device for Q1 it is possible to
use large amounts of C in the tuned circuit and still
enable Q1 to sustain oscillation. The capacitance
used is very high for 7-MHz operation, hence
contributing to good stability. There is no evidence
of oscillator "pulling" when the transmitter is
keyed, or when the input of the detector is tuned
3 Ordinarily it is quite difficult to obtain a
chirp-free cw note when a VFO operates *t the
transmitter's output frequency. The difficulty is
particularly troublesome when using transistorized
equipment because of the poor isolation between
the transistor'* Input and output ports.
4 Information on shaped keying is given in the
ARRL Radio Amateur's Handbook, 47th Edition.
June 1970
Fig.3 - Schematic diagram of the VFO portion of
the transceiver. Transistors Q1 and 0 2 are
high-beta, higtvfT types. The tank circuit uses a
high value of parallel capacitance as an aid to
stability. Main-tuning capacitor CI is tapped down
on the feedback network to provide bandspread.
During receive, the VFO functions as the BFO for
untuned emitter-follower buffer. S1 is the band
to resonance during receive. The VFO tuning
capacitor is tapped down on the feedback network
to provide suitable bandspread. For operation on
80 meters an additional slug-tuned Inductor is
added , to the circuit, but the shunt capacitance
remains unchanged. Therefore, the vfo is not quite
ttWon 3.5 MHz.
Output from Ql is taken across a 1000-ohm
emitter resistor. Forward bias for Q2 is set by a
sccond 1 UOU-ohm Tcsistor which connects to the
base of Q2, This resistor also helps to isolate the
VFO from its buffer, Q2. The buffer operates as an
emitter-follower, and its output is taken across a
33ftohm resistor. No Zener diode is used to
regulate the oscillator voltage. The manufacturer
assumes that the equipment will be operated from
a battery supply with ample current capacity to
assure a steady operating voltage as the transmitter
is keyed.
Operation
The transmitter has very low harmonic output,
which is not always true of solid-state transmitters.
All harmonics are down at least 25 dB from the
fundamental, an aoceptablc figure when operating
at QRP level. There was no evidence of TVI when
the equipment was operated into an antenna which
was only t o feet from the writer's TV antenna.
Numerous contacts were made on 80 and 4 0
meters. The greatest distance covered was 1000
mites, and the signal report was RST 569, Many
reports of RST 599 were received at distances up
to 500 miles. Two sericfrconnected 6-volt lantern
batteries were used to power the transceiver, and
after several hours of operation the batteries did
not show any signs of depletion.
Final Comments
The manufacturer has a number of accessories
which can be used with the PM-2» Among these
units are a 15-meter receiving converter, a side-tone
monitor, an antenna tuner, and an SWR indicator.
A solid-state electronic keyer is available to those
Ten Tec PM-2 Transceiver
Height: 4 1/2 inches.
Width: 10 3/8 inches.
Depth: 6 5/8 inches.
Weight: 21b.
Price Class: $55
Power Requirements; 12 volts dc at 200 mA.
Manufacturer: Ten Tec, Inc. Sevierville, TN
37862
53
wishing to really go "high hat" during QRP
excursion.
When using the transmitter for 15-meter
operation, Q l of Fig. 2 operates ax a tripler to
drive Q2 straight-through on 21 MHz. The
efficiency of the transmitter is not quite as good
on 15 meters as It is on the two lower bands. The
measured output was approximately 1 watt on 21
MHz,
There is sufficient frequency offset when going
from receive to transmit to permit compatibility of
operation with stations that use transceivers. The
Ten Tec receiver should be tuned to the
high-frequency side of the other station's signal
when VFO operation of the transmitter is
contempleteit This practice will provide the
correct offset relationship.
The PM-2 is packaged in an attractive
heavy-gauge aluminum cabinet The end plates of
the case arc made of moulded plastic, and have a
wood-grain finish. The top of the cabinet is painted
an off white, and can be removed to provide access
to the circuit hoards. A two-tone Finish sets off the
front panel to impart a professional appearance.
The main tuning-dial calibration is silk-screened on
the pancL ,
This little package should make an excellent
companion for the camper, vacationer, CD
operator, or the QRP enthusiast wtio likes to
garner his DX the hanl way. - W1CER

Some QST Abbreviations used in Text

and Drawings
A — ampere FAX - facsimile
ac - alternating current FCC - Federal Communications Commission
af - audio frequency FET - field-effect transistor
afc automatic frequency control PD - Field Day
afsk - audio frequency-shift keying fm - frequency modulation
age - automatic gain control fsfc - frequency-shift keying
ale - automatic load lor level) control CTDO - grid-dip oscillator
a-m - amplitude modulation H - henry
anl - automatic noise limiter hf - high frequency
ARC - amateur radio club Hz - Hertz
AREC - Amateur Radio Emergency Corps FC - intigrated circuit
ARPSC - Amateur Radio Public Service Corps ED - inside diameter
ATV - amateur television t - f - mtermediate.frequency
avc - automatic volume control EW- Intruder Watch
be - broadcast k - kilo
BCD - binary-coded decimal ke - kilocycle
bci - broadcast interference kHz kilohertz
bcl - broadcast listener If - low frequency
RFO - heat-frequency oscillator [.0 - local oscillator
BPL - Brass Pounders league Isb - lower sideband
ccw - counterclockwise luf - lowest usable frequency
c,d. — civil defense mA - milliampere
CD - Communications Department (ARRL) MARS - Military Amateur Radio System
uuax - coaxial cable, connector Mc - Megacycle
COR - carrier-operated relay mf - medium frequency
CP - Code Proficiency (award) MG - motor-generator
CR - cathode ray mil - millihenry
CRT - cathode-ray tube MHz - Megahertz
ct - center tap mic - microphone
cw continuous wave (code), clockwise mix - mixer
dB — decibel MO - master oscillator
dc - direct current MOSFET - metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect
DP - direction finder transistor
dpdt - double-pole double-throw MOX - manually-operated switching
dpst - double-pole tingle-throw ms - millisecond
dsb - double sideband m,s. - meteor scatter
DX - long distance muf — maximum sutablc frequency
DXCC - DX Century Club mV - millivolt
EC - Emergency Coordinator mW - milliwatt
ECO - electron-coupled oscillator nbfm - narrow-band frequency modulation
EME - earth-moon-earth NC - normally closed
emf - electromotive force (voltage) NCS - net control station

54 QST lot
NO - normally open SNR - signal-to-noise ratio
npn - neicative-positive-negative spdt - single-pole double-throw
NTS - National Traffic System ( A R R L ) spst - single-pole single-throw
OBS - Official Experimental Station SS - Sweepstakes (contest)
OD - outside diameter sab - single sideband
OO - Official Observer SSTV - slow-scan T V
up amp - operational amplifier SWL - short-wave listener
OPS - Official Phone Station SWR - standing wave ratio
ORS - Official Relay Station sync - synchronous, synchoronizing
osc - oscillator TCC - Transcontinental Corps
OVS - Official VHF Station T D - transmitting distributor
oz ounce TE - transequatorial {propagation)
PA - power amplifier tfc - traffic
PEP - peak-envelope power tpi - turns per inch
PEV - peak-envelope voltage T-R - transmit-receive
pF - picofarad T T Y - Teletype
PIV - peak-inverse voltage T V - television
pm - phase modulation TVi - television interference
pnp - positive-negatrve-positive usb - upper sideband
pot - potentiometer uhf - ultra-high frequency
PRV - peak-reverse voltage V - volt
PSHR - Public Service Honor Roll VCO - voltage-controlled oscillator
P I T - push-to-talk V C X O - voltage-controlled crystal oscillator
RACES - Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service VFO - variable frequency oscillator
RCC - Rag Chewers Club vhf - veiy high frequency
revr - receiver vlf - very low frequency
rf - radio frequency VOM - vol t-o hm-mil Uamme ter
rfc - radio frequency choke VOX - voice-operated break-in
RF1 - radio-frequency interference VR - voltage regulator
KM - Route Manager V T V M - vacuum-tube voltmeter
rms - root-mean-square V X O - variable crystal oscillator
RO - Radio Officer (c.d.) W - watt
RST - readability-strength-tone WAC - Woifced All Continents
R T T Y » radio teletype W A S - Worked All States
&a.e. - self-addressed envelope wpm - words per minute
&a.s.e» - stamped &.a.e» ww - wire wound
SCM - Section Communications Manager wv - working voltage
SCR -- silicon-controlled rectifier xtal - crystal
SEC - Section Emergency Coordinator fJi - micro (10"®)
SET - simulated emergency test 16IE3

While in Florida, on April 2, my car was

burglarized in North Ft. Myers, Fla. Stolen was a
Lafayette 6-meter solid-state transceiver, Model
Stolen Equipment HA750, Serial No. IO041. Anyone having
The following list of equipment has been stolen Information about this equipment is requested to
from Texas Instruments, Inc., 13500 North Central contact WA8DIO, L. Haut, 3329 Blue Lake Dr.,
Expressway, Dallas, Texas: Mint, MI 4850ft, tel. 313-742^0470.
K.WM-2A Transceiver S. No. 16922
W/136B-2 Noise Blanker
KWM-2 A Transceiver S. No- 16942 Feedback
W/136B-? Noise Blanker The IN914 diode, CK2, of Fig. 2. page 28 (May
J12B-4 Cabinet Speaker S. No. 63314 1970 QST) is *hown improperly connected. The
3I2B-4 Cabinet Speaker S. No. unknown anode should connect to the gate of y i , and the
51AF-2 ft>wer Supply S. No. 5«71>S cathode should go to ground.
9 m m mm*
516F-? Power Supply S. No. 58521
30L-1 Linear Amplifier S. No. 27604 Kn the Hayward article on RC-Activt Filters,
Anyone having information that will assist In May 1970 QST p. 51, the values for ftJ, K3, K9,
locating this equipment is asked to contact Dave and R12 were omitted from the parts List. They ate
all 68,000 ohms, 5-percent tolerance. Also, the
Leopard, Texas Instruments, Inc., 13500 North
Ulter draws 5 mA, not 55 mA.
Central Expressway, Dallas, Texas, 57222.

The following equipment was-stolen from me The collector resistor shown in Fig. 6-7, on
an March 31: Galaxy V transceiver. Serial No. page 29 of April QST (Stoffels, "Let's Talk
4110 V 892. Milton Green, K9FYD. 1927 Mulford Transistors"), should be 100 ohms - not 100,000
Rd., Rockford, 111. 61108. ohms.

June 1970 55
 HintsFor the Kinks
Experiments
PRINTED CIRCUIT AGITATOR
After reading the article in January (W7* about
etchcd-circuit boards, a different method of agitat-
ing the tray camc to mind. 1 took a Fairly heavy
piece of aluminum, and on the under side of one
end, mounted two rubber bumper*. These bump-
ers, or feet, allow it to rock without moving
around on the workbench. A small chain, as shown
in the sketch was added to the other end of the
picce of aluminum and was attached to a rotating
arm mounted on the output shaft ou the
motor/gear assembly. The amount of tray motion
is adjusted by property placing the chain on the
moving arm. The assembly can he moved, cleaned,
or stored by just removing the chain. - Harold D.
Mohrt K8ZHZ
LOW-SPEED MOTOR
AND O E M BOX
When mounting the motor above the trayr the level
of agitation can be adjusted by moving the chain
on the rotating arm.
EASY PRINTEOORCUIT LAYOUT
After reading the article on printed circuits in
January 1970 QSTm aome procedures that I use
came to mind. On laying out the board, 1 use
Clear-Print graph paper, ten squares to the inch,
since most solid-state components use 0.1 inch or
multiples thereof, for lead spacing. The lines on the
graph paper are handy references for drawing
interconnections. Crossovers are placed so they
cross at the gap formed by a component.
After laying out the circuit, the gxaph paper it
tnmmed to size and affixed to the board with a
transparent tape. A size-60 drill is then used to cut
mounting holes through the paper layout. The
layout can now be used as a schematic (or wiring)
diagram when painting the etch-remt material on
the board. I use nail polish for this. The brush tip
should be cut at an angle to allow the lines to be
made finer, - Ross W. Stevens. W6FRE
56
KEEPING THE KEY IN PLACE
[f the operating table has a smooth surface*
keeping the key or paddle in place can be a
problem. Removing Just from the rubber feet
often help*, but the heavy-listed operator still
might have problems. An easy cure is to cut a piccc
uf fine-grained sandpaper to the si?« of the keycr
base and fasten it to the operating table (rough side
up of course) with a few pieces of wide masking
tape, if the operator wants to change the position
uf the key, he can simply move the sandpaper.
The same system can he used to keep the rotor
control box, lamps, and other items from walking
around the desk. - W1FBY
ANOTHER SOURCE FOR COIL FORMS
Fur those fellows who like to wind their own
coils, another source for form material may be
your local coin dealer. Clear plastic tubes are used
by collectors for storing their coins. There are six
sizes uf "coin tubes" ranging from the oncscent to
the silver-dollar diameter. To use the coin tubes,
cut off the top and bottom sections with a
fine-bladcd hacksaw, or just cut off the top section
and leave the bottom section for use in mounting
with a small screw. Stan J. Zuchora, W8QKU
SPAGHETTI
Your local hospital is an v\cciient source of
spaghetti tubing. Fur medical applications, the
tubing can only be used once, A request to a
doctor or nurse will usually bring you enough
plastic tubing of various sizes to provide a lifetime
supply for ham purposes. - WIKLK
' TV" JUKSBU"!l-'-J
A sample of W6FRE's board shovus the schematic
drawn on graph paper, a drilled pattern, the
nail-polish resist, and the final etched board.
QST for

Alabama - The annual South Alabama Hamfett will be
held June 14 at the Knight* of Columbus Hall and is
spuusured by the Mobile ARC Registration will start at
10: UU A.M. with speaker* and tot* of fun planned. There will
aisu be a dinncr-dance party the night before the Manifest at
koibets Restaurant* depicting a Hawaiian Luau, parting at
7t*ll P,M. I'nr roM-rvation*, tickets and more information
contact Ham Wentwoith, W4IAX, or write P.O, Box 7>32,
Mobile, Alabama 56607,
British Columbia - Vancouver Island Annual Picnic it
Sunday, June (4 at Shawnigan Lake. For more informatinn
contact any Vancouver Inland amateur or Victoria Short
Ware Club, Bov 134, Victoria, H.C.
California - The San Gabriel Valley Radio Club banquet
will be held June 5 at 7:30 P.M. at Ricky's Restaurant, . m
W. Valley Blvd., Alhambra, California.
Denmark - The F.D.R. Bornholm sections International
Ham-meeting will be heJtd rfurbig the period July 12 to July
19 at the beautiful camping site at Lyngholt Camping, on
North Bornholm. A very interesting ham program taut been
arranged with activities fur the entire family, A camp station
will br operating <m moht bands and modes* For more
information on this write (and include return fustagej
OZ4FI\ Box 121. 37On Ronne, Bornholm, Denmark.
District Columbia - (Tte Tidewater ARC invite* all
amateurs to a Mamfcst on June 20 at Lakewond Park,
Norfolk, Virginia, For details on tickets and iirogratn write
WA4SPF, RARC, P.O. Box 9701, Norfolk, Va* 23505,
England - The Ainuteur Radio Mobile Society will be
holding a Carnival Rally on July S at At con bury, U.S. Air
Force Base, Huntingdonshire. England, rhere will he talk-m
ttalions on 160 and 2 meters J "bring and buy" stall,
exhibits, camping ajid probably an informal dinner Saturday
night followed by a film show* For mure information write
K. M. Wagner, G3B1D, S, Ferncroft Ave., London, N.W. 3.4
Fngland.
Georgia - The Atlanta Radio cluh will hold its 44th
Annual Manifest June 13 and 14 at the North DcKalh
Shopping t>uter. There will be many contests fur the
amateurs u% wHl a* gauic* and other activities for the ladle*.
Further information may he obtained from John I'Cijrun,
3384 JVaehtree Rd„ N. R„ Suite 70S, Atlanta. telephone
2M-4924,
Illinois 'I he Shawnee Amateur Radio As&ociation
iSARA) Hamfest will be held August 2 at Herrin City Park,
Hcrrin, lUinoisL For detail* write Kilt Johnson, W9FR1.502
W. Kennicott, Carbondale, minute 629111.
Illinois - The Western Illinois ARC is holding liirh
Vnituai Hamfest on June ? at the Adams County f:<iir
Grounds, locatcd North and East of Quinry, Illinois. Call-in
frequencies will be 3.9IU, 7.25K, 146.94, and 146,34 MHz.
Swap shop, giutes. Lunch, all-covered facilities, the event will
he held rain or shine. Camping facilities are available on the
fairgrounds. For further information contact WA9ARG.
Marshall Coins, 2316 Vim ButeuSt..Qutacy. IHinous6230L
Iowa - 'I lie Iowa 160-meter Picnic will be held in Webster
City, June 21 at the Hamilton County Fairgrounds. For
information write Hamilton Co. ARA, Steve D. Klaverv
WA0SVN, Rural Route. klkwmth, Iowa 50(175.
June 1970
Kansas ~ The HHN Annual Picnic is to be held June 14 at
Lees Summit. Missouri. Contact K0LPI-: or KtillGl for more
information.
Manitoba - The Seventh Annual International Ham Fest
will be held on July 11 and 12 in the International Peace
Garden at BoLssevaln, Manitoba, and Dunscith, North IJako^
U. Write Dennis L, Coulter, KftRSA, P.O. Box 303. Uwid
Forks. North Dakota 5K201 for details.
Maryland - The Tidewater ARC! invites all amateurs to a
Hamfest on June 20 at Lakcwood Park, Norfolk, Virginia.
For details on tickets and progum write WA4SPF. RARC.
P.O. Box 970J, Norfolk. VA. 235115.
Mississippi - The Mississippi Ham and Swaptcst will be
held Sunday June 14 at WP Bridge* Park, Hy. 55 South.
Supper will be >etved on Saturday night June 13 prior to the
Hamfe*t at Johnny Mtze restaurant. For reservation* and
information ooutact WShVY or W5MUG.
Missouri - The HBN Annual Picnic is to to held June 14
at Lees Summit, Missouri. Contact K0LPIi or KtfHGl for
wucv information.
New Jersey - The First Hamfest and Picnic of the New
Jersey Cliapter uf N,A.IL<\ will be held at West Brook Park.
West Milford. N.J. un June 21 (rain date June 2X). For
information contact M« Tool O n . WB2JRT, R«D. 3, New-
foundland, NJP 07435,
North Dakota - The Seventh Annual International Ham
F<!st will be held on July f 1 and 12 in the International Peace
Garden at Bolssevaixu Manitoba, and Huriwith, North Dako-
ta, POL details write Dennis L Coulter, K 0 R S A , P.O. Box
303. Gram! ('ark*. North Dakota 58201.
Ohio The Goodyear ARC of Akron will hold its Third
Annual Hamfest Picnic on Father's Day. Junc21 trom 10:00
A.M. to 6 P.M. «f Windgoot Lake Park, one mile West of
Suffield, Ohio on old Route 224 near Route 43. Mobile
check-in on 50,4 MHz a-m and 146.94 Mlb fm. For hirfher
Information write Luther ELIliutt. WASRIIN, 2246 Eastlawn
Akron. Ohio 44305.
Pennsylvania - tiecoiid Sunday in June, Third Annual
Hamfest of the Foothill* Radio <1ub» Inc., of Groensburg,
Pa,, will be held in Wendcl Park, Wendel, Pa.* 3 1/2 miles
South of U.S. Route 30, Vrwbi, Pa. All activities under an
cnclu^d pavilion, rain or shine. Snack Bar for lunch, parking
is free, display* and the tmdctional "trunk-line^* mcrchuntx.
New this year: public ham-gear auction and * club display
cunt est,
Pennsylvania - The Sumersct County ARC invites you to
its 5th Annual Hamfest at Caacbecr Church Grove. 5 miles
North of Somerset. Pa. un old U.S. 219, on Sunday June 7.
Follow the direction signs when yntt pet off the Pennsylvania
turnpike at Samcmct. Registration starts at noon. U^ads of
fret parking, free tables for the flea market, and all indoors.
Delicious country food at reakonnhlc prices. Bring the family
to the country and unpolluted airf
Saskatchewan - The Saskatchewan Hamfest will be held
July 3 A and 5 at Luther College, Dewdney Ave, and Royal
St., Regina. Accommodations arc available <it Luther College
at $2.00 per person per night, S4.00 per family per night
Including any children you can accommodate in the room
with yout own steeping hags. Breakfast Sl-OU* lunch &L25,
Banquet included in registration fee which will be annuonced
later. Unlimited space for campers at 504 per night on the
college grounds.
Tennessee - The Music City Hamfest will he held on June
21 at Edwin Warner Park. Picnic Site No, 3 in Nashville.
Sponsored by the Nashville ARC and the Old Hickory Net
Club, tic hope to make tt an annual affair. Plenty uf parking
space, plavgzuund for the children, hi Ing the tiamily and join
us.
Texas - The South Texas Emergency Net Coqvcnton will
be held at the Gourmet Inn. New Braunfelx, Texas, June 5,6,
and 7. Additional information may be obtained by writing
Jerry Connaway, 110 Rosemont Dr„ San Antonio, 'lenas
7K22H.
Virginia - I he Tidewater ARC is sponsoring a Hamfest
June 20 at Lakownod Park, Norfolk, Va., from 10:00 AM.
until 4:00 P.M. Registration foe is $2.00. I here well be art
auction of u*ed gear. Further information may be obtained
by writing WA4SPF, RARC, P.O. Box 9701, Norfolk,
Virginia 23505,
57
A Bonus to the Public
The Value of Amateur Satellites to Non-Hams

BY WILLIAM A, TYNAN,* W3KMV/W4GKM

The TS Spacecraft
Statements that our hobby must operate in ATS-G, planned for launch sometime in the
the public Interest to justify its existence aie inid-70s, will be placed in synchronous orbit over
not new to amateurs, We've been providing the equator so it will appear, from the Earth, to be
public service communications, keeping fixed in space. The ATS series of satellites is
technically alert, and contributing toward designed to carry a number of experiments inten-
communications advances throughout an ded to investigate the feasibility of employing
impressive history. In this article, W3KMV space technology for improved communications,
discusses how amateur space projects must navigation and weather forecasting. For example
similarly justify themselves as being in the both ATS-l, and ATS-3 already in orbit, have
public interest. transmitted TV pictures of the entice half of the
earth facing them and have been used for expert
ments in air-to-ground vhf communication. ATS-G,
T T IS not news to most of us that amateur radio, which will be designated by a number suffix once
like all other radio services, must operate in the in orbit, carry a thirty-foot parabolic antenna
public interest, convenience, and necessity in order with a pointing accuracy of 0.1°. NASA, in its call
to justify its existence* This requirement is spelled tor experiments, has indicated its particular desire
out in the Communications Act of 1M34 which to receive proposals which take advantage of the
established the Federal Communications rommiss- large antenna. Amsafs proposal includes two
ion. Familiar to ail is our continuing record of independent experiments both of which utilize the
providing emergency communication during large dish's capability*
floods, fires, hurricanes and similar disasters. This
is but one example of our fulfilling this Channelized Repeater
requirement. Not so well heralded, but of great
significance nevertheless, art the many contribu- One experiment proposes a channelized repeater
tions of a technical nature which amateurs have with an up-link in the two-meter band and a
made through the years to the radio a r t 'l~he down-link in the vicinity of 432 MHz. Channelizing
amateur spacc program offers a fresh opportunity will allow a number of stations to use the repeater
for us tu demonstrate anew our worth in this area. simultaneously without the problem of one high*
powered station capturing the entire repeater.
By the same token, in order for any specific
chapter in the amateur space program to proceed it line case which Amsat makes for this experi-
must be shown beforehand that more than amateur ment is that it will demonstrate the feasibility ot
radio will benefit The securing of a ride into space satellite communication for simple low-power ter-
for Australis-Oscar 5 along with Tiras-M is a minals including mobile stations such as might be
perfect example of this. It was necessary to carried on small ships or private aircraft. The
convience NASA officials that worthwhile informa- simple terminal aspect may have significant interest
tion would be forthcoming from a successful for developing nations which may have consider-
launch. As a necessary culmination to the AO-5 able difficulty affording the large earth stations
mission, Amsat and Project Australis are presently presently being built for use with the Intelsat series
working on a report to NASA documenting its of communications satellites. At present, much of
results. This report will deal with many aspects of the communications between villages in such coun-
the satellite's performance, but, of particular tries is via hf which accounts for some of the
interest will be data on unusual propagation pressure felt on our amateur hands at every
obtained from the ten-meter beacon. frequency conference. Therefore, if the Amsat
repeater experiment is accepted for inclusion on
Jjdt%$ look at a proposal recently made by Amsat ATS-G it may lead to other non-amateur satellites
to NASA for a relatively sophisticated amateur providing improved communications for a variety
space experiment In this case it's not an amateur of services.
satellite but two amateur experiments which
Amsat proposes to be included on a large NASA
satellite of advanced design. The satellite is the
A TV Experiment
Applications Technology Satellite (ATS), in this The other ATS-G experiment proposed by Am-
ease the "G" model of tius series. <at. which also takes advantage of the gain offered
by the satellite's thirty-foot dish, is a demonstra-
+Amsat Public Relations, Box 27, Washington* D.C.
20044. tion of direct satellite-to-home television broad-

58 QSTiot
 .KCNTFIC Fig. 1 — ATS-G spacecraft general arrangment.
E1PBNMENTI
MODULE

first amateur satellite to be launched by the civilian

space, agency. It has also submitted the detailed
proposal for two amateur experiments fur inclu-
sion on the ATS-G spacecraft.
Additionally, plans are underway for a repeater
satellite, dubbed Amsat-Oscar B, with an estimated
life of at least one year. Plans call for Amsat to
build the satellite's structure and solar power
supply system while soliciting construction of the
rest of the electronics by other groups. Talks are
casting. The homes in this case being those of presently underway with a European group and
amateur* and other experimenters who would with Project Australia to supply the repeater
equip themselves with the necessary high-gain sub-systems. Groups interested in supplying other
antennas and converters to go ahead of their sub-systems such us telemetry and command are
regular TV sets. The space-to-earth picture trans- invited to contact Amsat,
missions would be in the 420- to 450-MHz amateur In order to continue the work already started
band so interference to earth TV stations would and to initiate new projects, Amsat must have the
not be a problem as it would be if any of the tupport, both financial and otherwise, of the ham
regular television channels were used Specially community, Amsat membership is just five dollars
equipped amateur TV stations, operating in an- per year, and contributions in excess of this
other band, would supply the pictures to the amount are tax deductible. Write to Amsat, PO
satellite, Box 27, Washington, D.C. 20044 for a membership
This Airwat TV experiment is similar, but differs application form. Help do your part in this new
significantly, from another TV experiment slated adventure in amateur radio.
for ATS-F scheduled for launch in 1973. In this,
wide band fm television signals will be broadcast to
special receivers to be set-up in India* This will be
used in a country-wide test of the potential of
educational TV for that large populous nation. The
significant difference between the two experiments Feedback
is that the ATS-F transmissions employ special The balun refered to w the Hy-Gain BN-36 un
standards not compatible with any home TV page .*» of the March, 1970, QST is actually
receivers. The Am&at ATS-G proposal is for broad- Hv-Gain*fe model BN-86, order number 242.
cast of signals which can be received on regular Thanks to K0LFA of Hy-Gain for calling this to
our attention.
television sets by the addition of a relatively simple
converter and the neces&ity for that is simply to be November SS Results on page 67 of QST for
able to use an amateur band for the tests. April should have listed the winner of the Oak Park
ARC awards on both modes as W8DQL. The score
It doesn't take much imagination to visualize the of W4VNE should have read 4200-100-46-A-10.
impact which successful completion of such an
experiment might have on future television broad-
casting throughout the world.
Both of these proposed experiments are ex-
amples of what effect the amateur space program
may have on the future of communications. Such
effects are certainly not limited to amateur space
experiments riding on non-amateur satellites. The -.. :< \
same reasoning can be applied to all-amateur
satellites as well. Indeed, if it cannot be so applied, /
and launch-agcncy officials are not sufficiently
convinced that some good will come to people
besides amateurs,all-amateux satellites may never f^ULB
fft off the ground. The amateur space program
provides another opportunity for us to show that
we, as amateurs, can still make contributions to
communications and related fields as we have done
in the past
In the March issue we showed a Pyrex insulator
Your Help Needed made by Corning Glass Co. and stated that it was
believed to be unique. Well, K3LLR has one and he
The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (Am- wonders where the other four known to have been
sat) hasju*t celebrated its first birthday. In its made are at the present time. His insulator was
first year of operation it has been instrumental in supposed to have been used at NSS at one time,
getting Australis-Oscar 5 launched by NASA, the according to W3AM who gave it to him. — W1ANA

June 1970 59
 Field Day Verticals Versus Yagis
A CASE... bic... STUDY
BY JOHN G. TROSTER, *W6ISQ

/~)KAY everybody, take ahoid a this mast and

^ w h e n I say, 'heeeaaavvee,1 everybody heee . . .
wait a minute. Wait just a millimicro . , . when 1
say 'heave,1 I mean the mast, not all them cans.
Now you fellas go pick "em alt up. When this Field
Day is over, we don't want to spend no time
policing up the area. I think maybe some a you
fellas been destroying the contents a them can* too
fast and free."
rtAw, don't throw them cans away. Chief. Why

don't we solder a few of 'em together and make

one a them little beet can verticals for two meters.
We could maybe . . . ahhhhhh . . . make a scientific
investigation of how a vertical works compared to
our 12 element rotatin' Vagi."
rtWhat do ya mean, 'scientific investigation'?

You fella* uazy *cr somethin? This is Field Day.

We got 14 operating positions all ready to Hie up.
We got 10 btg quads and Yagis. We gut wire beams
, . , and you fellas wanna play science games with a
few beer cans. 1 tell ya, we're out after lotsa QSOs
and points and a big score. Yeah . . , yeah . . .
ohhhhhh well, we got time. Might keep ya out a
trouble. Go ahead. Hot up the iron and solder up a
beer can vertical for two. Might even make us a few
extrie points,"
^Hooorrraaaayyyy . . . on with science. A few
old cans . < . a few minutes . . , few drops a solder
. . . aaaaannnd we got us a two-meter vertical. Not
had, eh Chief? And saaaaay, if we just emptied a
few more cans, we'd have enough to make a
6-meter vertical too."
Waaaall, okay fellas, we still got a tittle time.
Go ahead and make a vertical for 6. But hurry up.
We want to set a new Field Day record this year."
"Say Chief, we're gonna be a few cans , . .
ahhhhhh . . . thereabouts - , , short. But since we're
so far out m the boondocks, maybe we won't get
much action on 2 and 6 meters either one. Sooo,
maybe we should solder the 2 and 6 together and
then add a few more cans so'* we could start out
our scientific studies on 10 meters. We'd sure get
more QSOs on 10 anyway."
" I think you fellas is tryin' to pull a f a s t , , . oh
well, okay . . . I urn see . . . you two fellas go hack
to town and buy another dozen . . . Better kecp|a
good supply . , . ahhhh , , . for first aid pre-
cautions. [ hear tell there's whole herds a rattle-
snakes lurkin' around these hills ready to attack
any time . , . yeeeah. But you other fellas keep
soldering, i l l help over here with the can draining
and fluid destruction operation,"
"Hey Chief, Field Day has started. Can hear
'cm on my mohyle."
"Omagpsh, hurry up and romc on fellas. Hot
up another iron and sip, Mp, sip a little faster. But
everybody remember to take good notes so'* we
can write up our scientific findings for Q S T "
Belbrook Way, Atherton, OA 94025
"We're gonna be about one can short to
resonate on 10, Chief. But maybe we ought to try
it out anyway/*
"Okay fellas, attach up them guy lines . , .
ready... heeeaaa..."
"QRX one, Chief just
checked on the mobyie and the skip has about
killed 10. Maybe . . . maybe if we had another
couple a dozen six packs . . . considering all the
dented cans . . . we could gt> straight to 15 . . /v
"On to 1 5 W e gotta drain and solder them cans
a little faster fellas. You three fellas, take the truck
and go back to town for more . . - ahhhhh . . .
solder. But maybe if you happen to pass a store
that sells such things, you should stop and get six
more cases of couple packs . . . errrr . . . a couple
more cases of six packs. The rest of ya let's go . . •
sip and solder . . . « p and solder . . . "
"Ready for 15, Chief . . . tie on them g u y s . . .
heeeeaaaaww , . . it's up. Hooorrraaaayy. Solder
on a piece a coax . . . anywhere-.. u>me on fellas,
we gotta get to comparing verticals to Yagis.
Ahhhh . , . hmmmm . . . checcesshh . . . don't hear
nothln'. Band must of gone out* We gotta go to 20
i . . gotta save time. Solder up them cans in 5 foot
sections and I'll shinny up and solder 4em in place
. . . . piece by piece."
"Hoooornaaayyy, here comes another car load.
The eolderers is gaining on the Uppers . . . sip and
solder, sip and solder...
"We*re dropping behind, Chief. Twenty is
gonna be dead by the time we . . . "

60 QSTior
 "On to 40 . - . drain *em faster mates . . . sip
and s o l d e r . , , V
"Almost there fellas. How does 40 sound on
the mobyle?"
"Waaaali Chief, if J As count Co* fcield Day, we
In like a crystal F i l t e r . . . Maybe we can get a bonus
multiplier if we work the Voice of America , . .
Yeah* 40 don't sound too good f o r North
America,"
"Hmmmmmm, well if 4(Tk no good, my vast
experience dictates to me that 80s no good neither.
But waver not in your dedication men. We came
out here ou Field Day to conduct a scientific
investigation in the public connivance and . . ,
ahhhh . . , necessry service - , . ahhhh . „ ,
" I thought you said wc come out here to work
lotsa QSOs in a contest/*
"Think kilo-thoughts, men . . - think kilos. So
what do we do if 80 is no good?"
"Hit the sack."
'That's right. We change bands."
"Yeah Chief, but 40 and 20 is dead too . . . "
"You're goin* in the wrong direction fella . f , "
" Y o u mean , , , yeah, but whoever heard of a
vertical for P . * better strap on your spurs Chief,
'cause you got lotsa sWnnyin* to do up a I AO meter
vert
"Mere details, lads. You keep forgetting that we
committed ourselves to scicnce - . . and ya gntta
tiave a meaningful commitment to be reverent
these days, ya know/"
June 1945
. . . An appeal to the public to buy 7th War Loan
Bonds, signed by 5-t4ar Generals and Admirals w
on the front cover this month together with a
montage of photographs.
. , . K.B. Warner follows with sin appeal tn
organize for disaster relief using existing services
such an W.E.K.3.
, . . Cathode-follower circuits, their principles of
operation and applications are ably covered in an
article hy |,t. Hulen M. lireeiiwood, AC, 'ITiere are
eight pages o f this, only a little biddy bit of math,
numerous diagrams and charts.
. . . Phil Rand* WIDBM, describes an "Anti-
squealer" for superregvnerative receivers. What this
is, is a fixed-tune preselector, using an Of
course, this is an amplifier, a* well. While specifi-
cally designed for the Ahhntt-TK4 transmitter-
receiver. it Is equally adaptable to other receivers.
. . , The AA\& Co. has riled application for
the construction of seven microwave relay stations
between New York and Boston. This first linkage
must have worked real well, considering that the
country is now covered with these effective auto-
matic-relay stations.
. . . Ha! An article on Hyperbolic Functions.
These things I found particularly useful to me
personally, once I got over the awe and wonder of
them. RmH? not much different than trig func-
tions once you grasp the general idea.
June 1970
"But Chief, if we're supposed to be comparing
verticals to rotary Yagis . . , and if we go ahead
now and sip and solder up a 160 meter vertical,.,
that means we gotta build a . . . a . . . to compare
our vertical against. Impossible! Who ever heard of
, . . why nobody never heard of a rotary f o r , . , we
don 't have e n o u g h . . . "
"Tut tut , . , you*re micro-thinking again. But
fortunately for the scientific community, and the
honor and glory o f the club • . . your old Chief has
been we#7-thinking.^
"Yeah but how we gonna make a rotary for
one*ixt,.
" Y o u see yon truck over yon . , , ahlih - . .
there? . , - the one with all them cases thereupon?
Well, inside them cases is all the tubular goods
we're gonna need to construct us the world's first
portable Field Day 4 element 160 meter yotary
r a g ! . . . c r r r r . . . if the solder holds out."
" Y o u been giga-t Mnkin\ Chief."
" A n d so dear friends, let us each to the
completion of his appointed scientific task. You
knaves here, upward and onward with your proud
vertical Sound the klaxon when you wishist me to
fly to the top to secure another section thereon.
And 1, dear comradcs, fchall hie me to my labora-
tory atop "the tailgitc of yon truck where I shall
construct the rotary antagonist for your Mender
spire in the sky . , . ahhhhh . . , gimme one a them
can opcrners, will ya Charlie?" inrT -1
50 Years
this month
Ago
June 1920
. . . The study of fading on 200 meters goes on
apace. And, with the summer season coming on
and its expected hill in operating activities, Warner
urges the membership to conentrate on the re-
building of stations. Traffic Manager Smith pre-
dicts, however, that the increase use <if cw will
permit more activity on the air than would he
possible if everything were spark.
* . . The OLD M A N vents his feelings about the
lousy gibberish heard on the air in a characteristic
yarn "Rotten Air." Seems the same kind of stuff is
still to he heard even now — worse, if anything.
. . . A Radio Club of America paper bv Walter 8.
hemmon describes Rournt Developments in Radio-
telephones. Mostly to do with an me war-time W.G
and G. K. sets.
. . . Good ole Matty, 9ZN reports nn experiments
with underground antennas, using two insulated
wires 47-feet long and buried around four-feet
deep. Huh. He says that the signal to static ratio is
considerably improved. The wires are in line, some
sort of dipole.
. . . There are now twelve instead of six divisions
in the League, resulting a less burdensome work-
load for the various Directors.
. . * Mr. Bowden Washington, chief engineer of
Cutting *nd Washington points out a number o f
theoretical error* in M.B* West's paper on "Improv-
ing Transmission." This. is a very good communica-
tion indeed. - W1ANA
61
Results,
1970
ARRL
WN7NHS, Mike, our Washington Section
Winner sports a TH60XX beam financed
REPORTED BY AL NOONE,* WA1KQM/WB6SAZ
/CONTINUING its yearly growth, the 1970
^ ARRL Novice Roundup returns exceeded
those uf last year by approximately 25% or 117
more entries. Out of 590 entries, 456 were
Novices, 110 Higher Classes and 34 Check Logs,
Returns were received from 6 } sections including
Alaska, Hawaii and the West Indies-
Highlighting this.years score* are the TOP TEN
Novice entrants to follow: WN4NRL Va. - 53,352,
VVN4NCC Va. • 53,132. WN6DJI L A . - 50,850,
WN9AJP Wise. - 47.428. WN2MAN NLI. - 38.94U,
WN9ZKL Ind, • 36,725, WN3NKO WPA. - 35,175,
WN2HID NNJ. - 33 # S35, WN7MLZft Ariz. -
33,516, and WN9COA 111. • 33.462.
Special congratulations are also in order for
\VN6I>JI who managed QSOs with all 75 sections.
A word of thanks to the General and higher classes
who participated. You can be assured your efforts
are greatly appreciated by the many WN« who
QSOed you-
Hope C U all in this months Held Day.
Soapbox
41
1 enjoyed the contest but where was l)tnh? M -
MV2EBSL "The contest is great fun and the only
thine wrong is the QRM." WNXE1Z. "My biggest
M
thrill was working W1 AW. - WN40AL "Thanks a
lot tor staging an excellent contest, 1 only wish 1
had more time to operate." - WNQAHY '•Swell
contest but how about making it shorter. say 2
weekends?" HWOft/X "Next contest for me is to
get my general." - WNJLSti. "Thanks for the
jn-eat contest, t got 3 more states for WAS and my
code speed up about S w p m / ' - ItWMWSS*
''Enjoyed all the QSOs, expecially surprised by a
call from SMSRNX." - WN2MDY "Please cast my
vote for making the contest shorter, the XYL has
just about had it with me. hi." - WN8A YW. "My
* Communications AsNiatent, AHUL,
62
entirely by a paper routel He managed 402 QSOs
in 57 sections, not bad. for a beginner!
Novice
Roundup
OM WA7LKA is glad the NK is over so now he can
get on the air once again/* - WN7MKQ. A great
time and hope to be in next years NR when 1 have
my general/ 1 - VIN2EWC* Thanks to the generals
who were patient with me." WN4NRD. "t think
you should count DX QSOs as multipliers." -
WN2UA N. "1 lidn ht hear a single Wyoming
station," - WN4QFO "Somehow the dishes tfot
done, the liou*e not cleaned, the kids got bathed
arid the meal* got made, I owe most of the credit
to the OM who took care of the kids on the
weekends so mnma could join in the tun." -
WNiLGO. "Very excellent contest and may 1 say
that I sure was surprised to find so many fine
operators in the whole contest, it is quite an
experience to operate from WP4 land, sure hope to
have the same results in future contests t o ^ o m e . "
- WP4DIW. "How I worked California and 10
other states remains a mystery to me/* - WNIKJT.
" f i f t e e n new states and Canada. Great!** -
WN1MCO. "T like the Novice Roundup but sure
wish you could have it during summer vacation
because V think most novices are either in High
School or College/" - WN9CPT. "It was very
interesting, nothing wrong with the score that
another du/<eu xtals would not have helped/' -
WN2LRT. "Finally got FiawaH after almost 2
years/* -- WN8ATX "It was a great experience,
especially for a novice just breaking into ham
radio/ 1 - WN40PG. "This was my .letond Novice
Roundup and seemed to be much more activity on
weekdays this year." - WN7KNM "Bright spot of
the contest was an " 8 8 " from W N l U U l who had
told me in a <Jso a few weeks earlier that she got
on the air between "dishes and diapers/ 1 -
WN2LLR "1 got my novice ticket during Held Day
last year and ever since then 1 have been making
new friends." - WN1LSV "Please keep the contest
just as it is." - WN9CX2 "1 enjoyed my limited
time in this contest. It gave me a chance to wr>rk
on my code speed, work a few new states., and test
my new vertical. I hope to be handing uut contact*
QST for
next year us a General-" - WN40DK "Every V9-1 •.-SSJJ- "J.
novice I worked is an A-l operator in my hook sjnd
a credit t o the h o b b y , " • W2ECW"\ hope to have
my advanced license next year and work it from
the other side, hi." - WN5ZRB £
•r* l >V.tl«l

Scores • — *

Listings arc grouped by A R R L divisions and II

sections. The operator of the station listed first in
each section is award winner for that section. I
Example o f listings: WN3NME 12.100-210-55-26.
or total acorc 12,100* different stations worked
210, sections worked 55, total operating time 26
hours.

ATLANTIC DIVISION WN9BOW IXV 32 386-62-39

IVIrtw^ WN9AVW : 2.265 350-61 >34
WIWX? I 5,93M 75 3-6 J-J5
WN3NM*. 12.100 210-55-26 WN9BMY 14,280 223-60-40
Pattern Pr*tn*vtvania WNQZOY 1 JJIO2H1.V7.40
WN3LIJA 1KJ>3K J1I-5M-3H WN«yiUK 233-47-34
WN3MMK i J35-50-3R WN9YNX 9504 1 HH-48-26
WNJKI't 14,4b5 253-55-40 WWKW •Wit
WN3NNA 13.30* 244-52-33 WN9APL «D04 174-46-1 8
WN3MYH 11,275 7*0-4|-34 WNQBUI 75«5 170-41-26
WN.iNQX &16M 174-31- WNVAOK 147-42-27
WN3NNK 5^7 I4fr-ty*?ft WNVCLM 5964 14?-42-11
WN-H.fe.) 43V2 1730610 WN9CJC 1.12-35-16
WN3MPH 432V 046OQ-IR WN9CGK .11)40 116^40-18
WN3MOL 302* 101*25-06 WN4I1KN 2A4A 070.1.1-14
VVN3NKU 2277 0ft4-.lj-04 WN9HK/ 2 WWirjlk-26-15
WNJMRF 223J OK2-73IK WNviTI I72H 077-24*1 5
WNRKSR/S 2072 074-2R-40 WNVCBh MaK n 57-24-12
WN3NQY IM2 1*7-71-07 WN9CZS 504 032-12-06
WN3NAV 1430 055*26- WN4A11H 44 H054-07-2 V
\VM3r ko 1420 nhion-os \VWHXY 435 IH V-l 5-04
Vfarvtond-O.C. WN9CGJ 418 028-11-03
WN3MT1 2IJHII 363-603&
WNVZTK 110 III 1-10-11
WN3MJF f M>)« - n i - S W htdiana
WN3NPS 1 2,474 231-54-20 WNvZKL 36,725 56 V A 5-35
WNJNHH II.MH ?04-<?-40 WN9YZU 2 r ,609343-63*39
V/N.U.OV «837 I84-4H- WK4DAW 159-35-20
WN3MKC 5217 111-47-23 WN*(aHK 4420 105-44-2 J
WN3JXH 3774 102-37- IVNvftXS 4176 116-36-21
WN3Nl"l 3000 1 00-3D-11 WN9AOH 4306 087-18-14
WN3MSX 2442 074-33-1P WN9CPV 32 *6 OV (-31 -II
AWf/wn New Jer.it'yWNVCNH WN^BAT II77-38-I0
J M 6U47-JK-0*
WN2KQF 2 IM 35«-62- 10 WN4CXK I 148 062- 14*09
WN2MHK 15,7*5 2B7-55-40 WNvrMtl (040 050-16-11
WN2YSW 10,440 174-*>-1K WN9BSA S33 049-17-05
WN21-XV tuaW* 17 3-51-4u WNKAc; 031-15-12
WN2Ug R28I 154-44* 2 3 fffWvWflW
VVN2KMK 244* 0*2-24-1 3 65H-7J-.W
WN2hU(v WNQAJk'
774 033*1*16 \VN<M' J2
Wrtfrrrv Nph- York WN9BJK 14,6X0 30li-60-40
WN2EWC 24,512 \VN9UDR 17J6V
WN2MHI1 ! 1 >276 WN9AMT J6,S7>» 2»l-«9-31
VW2KZM
WN2LBU
144-42-J* WNQjfiAZ
14,404 271-52-34 WNOBBC
iz^m 230-56-1 3
\ L»<M j.4.^-47-40
WN2I HI I4,25r> 254-54-22 WN9/UU I KH26 219*54- Si
WN2tU^ 10,650 l9ft-50-3$ IVN9AQI I0J46 178-87-11
WN2HGS 10,452 186-52 40 WN9CUN 225-41-29
WN2LK1 7515 167-4 5-3K WN9HJO I 38U44- JO
WN2iI<> 6520 (63-40-24 WNORIX 6808 1 64* 37-* 6
WN2l*Ar 6lM) 140-44-IS WN9CSI 6720 1 30-48-2 S
WM2Lc:r 5 3 A* 156-15-37 W N9ARJ- 3I6& 076-33-04
WN2LO! 5617 J 22-46.2 « WN4HSM OKl-tft-fO
WN2MBN 5400 170-30-35 WN9CDT I42H 051-28-04
WN2MFW 1X2? 147-26-41) WN6ZSO "702 lkVMK-10
VVN2LRB 3UI0 127-30-33 WNVL'Hft' 170 017-1U-1 I
\VN2K'L 3755 Iift3*3fr-n7 WN9HWP J 50015-116-23
WN2LNB JO02 06V- J 8-2 6WN9/L0 24 006114-02
WN2JNW 1320
DAKOTA IMVTjSVON
MVafr/w frnntvJranra .\t(Fmrp*td
WN3NKO 35,175 525-ri7-40 WN0/IK; J7.32H 2M4-57 2<l
WN3MDY 16.677 312-51-25 WN0/(JA
WN3I.KT (1.058 1V4-57-17
»0<i0 202*30-1 H
WN3MT4A 4002 I \VN0AJX 4-105 095-41-12
WN3M11- I27B 061-18-06 WN0 ABY 3M4 124-31 -24 Four of our Division Leaden were kind enough to
WN-INAZ 1140 037-20-12 WN0Z2N .1276 074-39-23
WN9AJA send pictures. They are from top to bottom,
CENTRAL DIVISION
IkNtfYUF 1740 0h(V79-07 WN2MAN, Rich, Hudson Div; WN4NRL, David,
Ulinnh ffnrth Dakota Roanoke Div; WN5WZ0, Wesley, West Gulf Div;
WNvc'OA 33,462 487-AA-38 W N f f t T 19,593 246-6^34 and WN9AJP, Jeffrey, Central Div.

June 1970 63
WNtZW 1 12,803 WNaK>t 20,8*4 327-62-39 WN2ATI7 2480 070*37-10 WN11 W 6432 186-32* J6
WNHORH 14,0 MMWS WN2J&H 23*8 082-79-19 WNlKJA 3*0 1
DLL I A DIVISION 14.<J01P 250-56-30 22* I I>H2-73-13 WNIWFR 216 ol 2-08*01
WNvmi WN 21 MP
V/NSAIX 12,882 WN2KJD W * 067-27 14 NORTjmFSIIKM DIM SI ON
VVN5YMW Ie^Oh4 251-64-25 WN8KflH 12,495 J4V51-28 WN7UY (078 I>4V.;? I4
WNSfclU 92U0 20(1-46- AJaikx
WmZU 13,4*2 1J6-57-18 MIDWEST DIVISION
WN5YXU 1876 067-J8- SVN8DKJ K^AO 704-40-1 X WI 7<tPM
VVNXI' K A 7 SB? 195-41-25 i'/wff
/ri-w/itatttf 6a04 152-4717 Idaftv
WN8AKJ VVN0ZAC 17#5H4 294-56-2n WN7KNM
WN 5 YKD I7,400 300-58.40 WN8FGA i M80 1 34-48-27
WN0ZGO I3r095 776-44-
WN5/NV 11,804 127-52-37 WN8USD 3J8S (11-28-24 VoHftfrM
VrN^YWI 11,024 212-52-30
WNSZTIT iosq O*5-*O-OH WNKf'M? 3Ph8 n^ft-.i 1 *\VN07\Vn ln^Sn 71 I-50-32 TONAA 1 3.944 249-56-31
WN5ZVVK/5 1204 0H6-L4- WNKl-NC IS SO U6 2-2 5-10
^NaYOI f 0.241 204.49-2H WN7NBC 11,804 227
WNBl'Ah 850 050-17-26 wm/KQ 4il4U WN7KI.R/7 16 004-04-02
WN4LHI3 Jnr.lr>Z Joi-54-25 WN8HC 037-17-1 IWN^ZXIJ 4^3 (129-17-09 Orrtnn
WN4MY7 S2I6 (58-52- WNVfiUX V>6 03?-16-20 WN^AIK H04-04-0S WN7NHW
U2"M7.06 32,340 47S.6<m38
WN4PHW 7700 (65-44-28 IYNKKH8
176 rub-M-ia Actftfoar WN7I T A > UC5 iiJO-67-38
WN40MK $5l>3 116-47-35 WNBtNH 45 JO,034
nR4 I>3h-I9-| J WN4VJK WNTMOW
WN4UMJ HUDSON DIVISION WNOYMK 2U,(7ft .^42-49-35 WN7MMM (0,908 202-54-23
\VN4LYY *72 0T2-l6«J8 WN?YHS 5568 M 6-48-09
<>OQ 040-J 5* J 8 16,800 300-5n-36 WN7MJF
WN40BC WN^AUH WN7MMQ SSO] 121-42-37
WN4MSS 495 (118-(5-07 WNZJAM Vn,.l(.M 102-54-71
435*54-4(1 WN^YRt * 4 244-5<i-20 WN7T,(>N llv-42-21
WN4JW 490 035-14-16 WN2KDC I H.4HI1 HVSO-2I VVN^IYJl- I 3,050 220-$K-40
V/N2MDY 4661 1OI-37-30 WN0A1H 2M4n (WW- V)-40 WN7NIiS
f.SRF.AT LAKES DIVISION WN2KI L 4351) I )iMO.I7 WN0V/K 24iOS4 402-57--30
WN2MGT 4J47 101-27-32 OSti 08i-O8-I8 WN7MKO 20,400 340-60-40
WN21 TCI 240 170-77-00 Wrwi^w WN7LSG 15,000
WN4MTQ 2 I,IDS 535-63-31 WNM'ir 070-41-(3 WN4YSC 21,472 WN7NNR inxioi "234-43-
WW41U 11,985 235-SM4 WN2HJC 2^10 074-3S-(3 iVN^IAKW 10,740 (40-61-40 W2S7MNR <i854 149-46-^7
WN4HPV 4U5V J 20-30-30 WN2KUR JJ56 U*7-?lMt> WN4ANV 16,472 274-58-30 WN7MVM 2728 07^-11-16
WN4MTT A25S 078-35-17 WN7JVK 9M l>Sr-T^| J WNfYMS 77HS I4<M|7-14
WN4LN 2007 077-7 6- 3.3 ^NfYMC 7238 154-47-07 ^ A a n c DIVISION
»>r* - Jfteurf IVNdYHW 5863 14 ^41 Flit Bay
.WcftflTttrt
WN2UAN 3«,<»40 WN^YFA >^548 136-43-12 WNftl UV 17,446 286-ttf-40
WNHFUH 31,169 428-71*40 WN2l'QZ WN0WBK 5120 r 28-40-JI 87(5 (55-53-12
WNBAYW M1.030 437-4*. :M WN?MSK 10*850 2 17-S0-29 WN0YHH ICI^-25-1 % \VN6l HU J IJh4V14
WNHC'KW >1,777 157-6J-40 V/N2UQG 10,(474 WNffVSH 3 087-39-25
WN8FTB 31 080 .130-62-40 \YN7\TQ 471* I | W 6 - H 840 042-20-04 WN610Y 4(07 101-37-07
WNBOTIS 17,105 30I-SS-39 \VN?KBb JHUK H99.4H-frl WNbl ^K <3135 0«»5-^17
Y/NHiaZ (6,014 304-51-33 WN2MTB k«t»T7 09.^44*28 WNftKY? IwSH 089-22-20
WNBDJH >JtI22 228-54-37 WN2KJ0 J 364 1 (ft-29 18 WN#wdi' 451-66-40 V/N6IJS* H36 038-72-07
WNHttPY It 74«-48-40 V/N2LOM .IS^S 1.11-24-70 7150 Ui-SO-JO
55"H I 16-48-21 Havmt
WNH|lKV <U*J5J (9 3-51-40 WN2Mgj JH4-J 088-^-16 WNfWXX WM6HHW |4,6*U Jfiw-5^-40
WNBAMF 10,200 204-50-20 WN2LJV X200 040-14-05 NFW ENGLAND DIVISION
037.1ft- i'j*mwnn? Kirtfrv
WN8AM* 1*7*49-25 WN2J KJ
WNBfcAU *r»H8 1*6-4*73 tt'NJCiRV ni^-17-06 CtMWrtiruT WHfiVSL' IMS 147-49.74
WNKBI.K) hill) 130-47-12 W N"2 J f1 U 315 02I-T5-04 WN1LKS 22,r«8 347-64- WNfcJMK (WN6JM0 t
WN8J- BJ 444A 104-39-40 Northern New WNIMAO I",530 300-*.l-3< 1444 076-19-22
WN8tKZ 432« I08-4M I WN1U l> (8.900 .5011-63-40
WNKJ-BU 4104 098-J8-36 T.VN2HID 490-67-40 V*'N 1 LWR I 200 JJH-5A-11 WN6Cigi><6 nfr4
WNRrrO M10 IOO-36-*1 WN2LOV |O f76fl tt^NT L-SH ^849 181 -49-74
IVN8FRT 2 MO 078-30-21 iVN'iKUO 17,174 WNILM4 6808 128-4^98
WNHUAU 2 I 34 097-27 40 VVN5MNO 1^.030 334-45-40 WNfKl'Ci fi ISA Jt?-?*-23 WN61VCT T350 150-49.(7
WNftDAA MJ5 075-24-17 v WN7KUN 14,31(1 l^O-S^-m SVN1LX/ 3360 105-28-15 ^YNA^F(. «M2 08t-42-26
WN8D1'B 1ft74 062-77-14 iVN2H1 W [>.452 3S4-38-1H WNI LOlf 3002 079- 18-73 Xunla Clara VtH*y
WN8LIK InW 0A4-21-04 WN7JU7 H U H 22A«4?-71 W N i l NT 24S7 081-27-10 WN6KMV Nf^ln 4f4-65-^7
WNftfKV H I 8 056-2 H)* WNlLtR HM.<4s 1VU-49-JJ WNIMBK 1820 WNAOMK 7280 182-4A-29
WNSEOW 1404 052-27-20 WN2KT0
<ArN2UOZ
8880 230-37-J 2 WNI1 WT 435 01^15-U
WN6HA0 1 MM) 041V22-35
WN8DZR 10^2 042-2 ^
ha*tern iWItxuii'fM&rtl* ;YN6JML w / 037-71-07
WNRHTN luta US4-ISMVS WN2UD0 S443 1JJ4M7
WN11 N(* 1* 4,6i2 .$66-62-40
WNVDWA tMW 0S5-KM7 \VN2KVB 5041) T80-2H-22
V.'N2HSH j t>t-4M7 UNI LIS 18-467 J1 J.50-.W
Ohio ROANOKL DfMSlUN
WN2KTB I11-37-T4 •A'NIKSF 1^,776 247-*8-.17
A'ntA CaroUm
WN8FNH M(4M4 438-4B-40 WN2KAI A 3H D97..14-1 4 TVN1MKA 1 3,750 250-55-37
WN4JGZ 33,0(4 450.71.16
WNBCCO .M.2A0 *2f-M»-40 WN21KL i5J4 114-31-10 WN1MCY 111,481 2! 4-47-37
WNRF.RT SYNILXL 4$HO 185-44-17 WN4NOM ;*,0J2 447-56-40
WNU1M 3450 HH-7<-1K
VVNBCVW WN2MBK 090^28-12 WNU.MQ 140-4^-71 VL744N1» "452 tft!46'28
Y/NIKJT 4884 I3.1-.V*-7K \YN4PAr | -»49 3 J-17
WMliXA/1 4212 107,^.11 U'N4UJ>K I 6 JK 078-21-18
WN1LTA 3844 174-31-21
DIVISION LEADERS WNJU1-' 3752 124-28-34
WN1LKU vto8U 11 S 32-76
WN40H) 29,106 4-11 -A«t-.17
WN1MLY .35^5 ID1-3V15 I'ttfffrvffl
Atlantic WN3NK.O WNi LMM 11V- 32-08 WN4NRI * V352 7A1-77-3H
Central WN9A1P WN1IJX 27ftO 170-23-40 WN4NGV 698-74-40
WN0ZCT WNlMm 2<»54 1179-76-39 WN4JLV (0J129 211-49-24
Dakota WNI MCI 714 042-17-08 Yr7<l4MUX
WN4T.HU 1 157-5^40
netta WNlthU 444 027-1 ?.«7 WN4NUH 2380 060-M-lrt
Great Lakes WN8I-NE Ufifne WN4NI-T J » 4 «74-26-l 2
Hudson WN2MAN WN1MKZ 6348 138-46-31 WN40QJ 1870 05S-34-05
Midwest W N f l W O T Ycw Hampikirr WN4P(!t I 377 n^l-77-OA
WN1LCO WNILVL 3050 (60-46-31 West nmima
N e w England
Northwestern WN7NBW WNIJKO f 001-0'- WNftFPS JI,«.tJt 31X-6I-2A
ktopde island WN8HUN f r 345
Pacific VVN6KMV WN8BMX 14,178 278-51-16
WN4NKL WNI LSV I 41)
Roanoke WNfitDii t(>4.560 310-33-25
Rocky Mt. WN7NQC1 I'ermtmf WNKKIX 8096 2 38-32-38
Southeastern WN40RM WN1T.CO .11,174 *07-fi2.40 \VN8f - h 1* IS^H 072-19-10
WN1KDN 2024 078-2M8 WN8UMV 16 M>l-lll-
Southwestern WNAHJI
ktX'KV MOUNTAIN DIVISION
West Gulf WN5WZO UVfiem Maxstu-'huuTTs
WNi LOU 1 3,HCfr 21 4-S9-22 C'oktrurfo
WNIKKC 10^650 213-50-30 WN#YED 023-1 3-ai

64 QST for
 Section Winners

WP4DIW, Hrlc Puerto Rico WN1LSV, Larry Rhode Island

WN4MT0, Frank Kentucky WN2iiWC, Robert W. New York

WN0VJF. Jon Kansas WN1LNP. Gordon E.Mass.

June 1970
 fitew Mexico WNftfifiK 12,52ft 206-5*311 Son-Nomcr Scorn
WNSYV.M n M 4 1*1-44-.W WN6JJI. 11.59b 2 W - S M *
WNSVOB 15 OrtT-nMH WNMD C I Hp4|>R 2n2-54-l *
i :«/? WNftMW K1WH M i , WVAW f«i S « 4 , WIFrft
V/N6NIA 1J6-2*- J 5 2 S , WA1CT0 IJ25, WAUWQ 504,
WNHJGX 11,5 s o a i v - s * - ? u WN6J/L .VIM 10H-35-ft* IWA1J0A. U H . K2EKM 2079, k2LTO XiMFF
WN7NCZ 0034)3 01 WN6NCQ * 4 M OOy- i ^ f <WA2FUT, opr.l 44K0, W>tCW 7 < 6 I f WIJiMV W2NLP
K^rwtiv WNftCHiO 0 * 7 . .14- J 1
WN6CiHH 14-10 04K-2* Q« WA2LUX 1.^1X1, WA2FM 145. WA20MD 4 2 0 0 .
WWNQG (,«H WA2GXN 4255, WA2IKI- WA21UI- 1575, WA21YFI4760,
WNftMHO
SOUTHl^ASTERN DIVISION WN6HJH 059-1 (MO WA2YWR 1 5 J 25, WB2IUL 2133. WB2IQE WB2JAO
Alabama v/N«m 420 U.MM4-IN 473A% WB2KJT 2184, WA1J0A/2 1564, U H N P 1914. K 3 V / V
WN40KT i>4«>K 144-42*22 20,727, W.5A1XJ (WA3NGL, o|>r,) 2408, W3<?E1 WA3JAP
WN4NJV 64 J S 13J-4S-24 WNfil.M 20,410 jm-*4<-lii 6KH0, WA-UCJY 4410, WAUl t" WAVWP WAIiYV
\VN4UJI> 6 ) 1 2 177-HMg WWfcf-A I4,H74 207-67-31 [2,712, WA3KMY 924, WAJKNJ W A i U X : A976,
WN4PBS Ml 24 1117-47-17 WNOM'N .4440 117-45-04 WA.^LOH t 2 J 0 J , WA3LT8 M i l ) , W A J U F 1292, K4ADT
WN4PBT 230 027-10-06 WNtlrkU 441 1)24^17-14 MVl»y v K4RTQ TK9«, K4CAAX 23SO, k 4 J U 1H.924, W4DK
Eiivrem Florida HHIHl, W4Ct : g J 9,J 54, W4KJ-C 51CI0, W40GH W4Y0K
WN4M1U JU,i.t2 4.49-h£-24 WNftNVT 25.J5B 394-62-34 WA4UKS V 3,446, WB4BUI. 2K16. ?0JM04
WN4NRD 74,146 » w i . i t WB4UAH 2496, WK4NZB W&40UN
WN4UKI r«,72S Jff6-4A-JS WN6LSO oHM 1 1 <22 A56.S, « B 4 C X : V 9704, K4AFH/4 1176. K5PXV 9024, WSkl
WN4CJA ft* b*r**m 5544, WASRFS 2(175, W,\SV0T 55700. WA5WCK 16,933,
WN4GNC WN6KDI Zi>TUO» J46-SS-40 WA5WOE 741, MiSUK 4815, W&lgK 456. W6Ui rW6J>nit f
WN4CMI 13.SBB J«1-4J»?S 8400 168>S0-I* n j a J 7 M 2 , WA6HWO S40, WAftitKJ bHS, WA6HMT 19,764,
WN4t»hl* 12,6V! WN6LNU I 123 «75-r WAhMKR 795, WB6FYN 126, WB6VVS 7154. WUYCA 3721,
WNAFN/ 1,1(1 0.U.10-U4 WBtiZPC 4134, K5MKIU/6 846 4 K6KVC/6 1344, K7KI1A4873,
WN40Pl.i IS,»22 Z«M4-1K U 7 1 T 10,920, W7WMY 1CI.712, K9YKR/7 6 * 4 , WA9WIF/7
WN4PBt 95*6 Ili-IVll wttfrGULi'ntviHON
5453, W80HW W 8 R t r 42, WA»MC0 2106, ^ A « M T Y
WN4NVG »U«2 207 4I-.M
Vcv/6 itxas f K K l L X . Mr Alii VTI 7VO) 41)40. WA8ST1/ 13-468, W A S * IV
WN4MBN illntj
uMt-.t4 IH
WN4PKB (100 U44-2S-10 WNSWZO 2 A J 2 I 446-61-35 151)0. WAHVCT 1(150, WAKWWS X4». WAKYRS 1344, WA8ZDT
WN4PUA I
Opl-U i ' WNS/KO 23,fl5l> i J S - ^ ^ J 6680, WASZMi: J 2 3 2 , WBSAYC 9 2 0 t WR8BKA 176, M H Y T
WNSWOW 1,1,Jit J M - S l - i O 17,875, K9KKP ^.355, WA9KJ1 2697, WA9&i;N 1 7 ^ 4 0 ,
West Miff WN5AAB l l r S 2 6 22A-*1-2<> W49UNR 1800, WA9WTZ 4S59. WA9WZV 10 f 80(l, WA9YCY
WH4FMW ?<kS6* 456-S7-32 WNSY1W 27611 IWJ-WMIH 1I1H0, WA9YMZ 704, WA9ZJ1 1846, KU9AJB I3J<K W B v C l T
HViiwn Mftfdv WN* ZfK* 7**
IS2. WAfAllT 3 3 1 1 W A ^ l i S 10.146. WAfWNJ 9750,
WN40KM 3.Uai4 £04-64-34 Oklahoma WA0WOV SWW. WAOYJW I J,303, WAUZXV 4a<9, VV3A1A
SOirniWKSTFRN DIVISION WNSWECV 211Jtftv J71-S4-JS 2726, VL3BUC 8232, V E H O A 6794, VF3TM1- 17JW0,
WNS/WW fit,70.4 .\17-»*-20 V K K S H 441*1, V F 4 A R 1012, VU5RI 3120, V C i ' l T 1 9 J 2 ,
AHrona WNxt.MfS 12,0*4 2t J-Si-34 Ve'ACiX 280,
VIN7ML2>7 $ 12-63-22 WN5HSM 4730 125-38*22
WH*KftN » 2 2 8 1*2-44-36 WN5YMZ 45S8
WN*KNh 2450 D70-3S-24 WN52KV 4AK 02A-lft-2,t
L«a Hrvrteft ^ w M T>rm Oierk L&&. WIWI. K2COR. W2UJ, W22RW, WA2LDX,
WN6DJI S0,M*i> WN97KB 26.77S 4 I M * 4 r t WN2HSH. K3YBW, W 3 J i U WA3LZS. WNJHill'. W4KOO,
WNM-VY 2 1,6011 tvNSZIR 24,395*6.)'!* W4UQ, W5RH, WN5ALY. W6KYA. W 6 0 1 C , W6UJ, WA7U.D,
WNM*VT> 2 2 , 4 2 * J | 0 - 6 9 » J S WNft/RK | S , a » S ?ft«.«4-40 WA8YVV, WN8M-R. WN9CNh. WfllZV, VT3BR, VM3DNR,
WN6EIB 13,320 ) 4 M ? - J * WtfflAIM 12.1 BV U H 4 | - 3 7 VJ-3fif.A,VI- 1 7IQ»5MSBNX.

QlVL VF2 - John Kavrnfcroft. VK2NV, 3 * 3 Thumcrest Ave.,

11w fUrtitlotl <>r rlie A R K t Q S l . Kitmn tn fnnlilutc Montreal 7ho, Uuebec.
delivery to jittutourt In the United Sffltf^i its posscsKion^ anil VK3 - R.H. Hucktey, VE^UW, 20 Almont koad. i ^ w n w i r ,
t'»t)»(U, of thaic O S l card* which uinv* Crom imiteur Italians Ontario.
In other parti or the world. All you hiive tn d»> li u n d yottr ijhL V I 4 - h , ( . McVlttfe, 647 Avademv Boad, WlnnlpCf 9V
niautffer f>ce Ott hclow) « hUtnped, rnvrfopv. Manitoba.
<hfiut 4W by Inche* In ^iva, with your name and adilran in th? V t s - A. U o y d I ones, VPSJ1, 2 3 2 « c<nat Rd., B e g l u ,
uKTinl piacs rm the Itont of tlw c i m l o p t Bud your roll printed In SquKOCchemfl'
opttBl letter* in the upper left-hand w i n c r VF6 - Karel [ftteUar. Vk6AAV, Sub. Ki 54* W. Kdmnnton,
Cards for »t«timu in th<& United State* and fttnsidu should bv Alberta.
sent to the proper call a r t * hurmu listed H o w . lucent c h a n m V H - Hi EL Hough* VE7HR, J 2 9 t Simon Victoria,
ace to Hold [ « » , HrltHh rnlttmMa,
W1 p KJ,WAUWNll - Hampden Cotmty Radio A m c u t i o n . Ho* _ 1. hondu, V t 5 A K R L y S t Bureau nf* lVpnrt-
216, Knrect Park Statloa» SpHnRfletd, M n a . u H » » . iiumt of Transpu^t, NnrAivn Welh* N.W.T.
W2 rK2,WA2iWB2,WN2 - N^-rth J m r y 1>X Assn., FU Boa SOS, v n r - Fsnett Ai^h. VittAA, P0 n, St. John 1 * Newiound-
Kidfttwondt N<w J e r w 0 7 4 $ 1 . Iflnd,
\V^K3 t WAJ,WN3 - J cake Hiebennun, W3K7, RD K S'ftlley H«TI VH2 - Bav Amateur Kadio Club, Vi) Box 232, Ciuow
Kd., Malvettif Prnn^ylvanla Kay, Lahradnr.
W4,K4 - H. I . Pwruh, K4HXt» K t D 5. Box B04, Hicfcuty, S^'l. -- i e r o y Urpitte, J 4 Hennum St^ Kdltston Spa, New Vurli
North ^ r o t i n a 2K6U1. I join.
( Tht<e bureuus p n f r r s x v inch or 4$o mamla envelopes.
W^4,WB4,WN41 - J. ft. Baker. W4LR» 1402 r>rmgf
Melbourne Beavh, hlrirrdu OS!. Burettu, for other O.H.ftinnainiu and for other noun-
WS,K5»WAS ,WN5 - Kenneth hr 1^11, W5QMJ. 306 kecterfield trie* appear in the June end necember hmim of Q$T,

IS YOURS ON FILE
Klvd^ Hmd, uklahoma 73701,
Wfk>{v6,WA6,MB6.WN61 - California OK Club* B<>« I I , Lo«
AltOS, UdUOTfllfi
W7.K7.WA7.WN7 - WilUamrtte Vgllry l)X Cluh» Inc., PO Boi WITH V0UR Q S L M O S
555, fortliind. Oregnn 472H7.
WS.KB^WAtfi.WNftf " ^ i n m b t i s Amateur Kadlo A m . , Radio
Knom, 280 E Rroad S t „ Columbui, Ohio, 432 f to*
Wi.Kw,WA9,WN9 - K»r i1. Blrren, W0MS6, Box Klmhurtt,
Illinois 60t26 r
W , K f , W A f - P n Moineft Kadlo Amateur A s s a „ PC Box
ftft, l)e* Molnsc, Iowa SO30L
K ? 4 - KMcia Hodrtgun, K i Box 1061, San )uan, P-W.
0<NU2.
K I S - Olona M, spear*, KZStttt, B n * 4o^» Halboa, t:nnal / o n e .
KH6.WH6 - John H- Oka, KH6DQ, K> Box 101. Alea, UaAU,
Hawaii 46701.
KL7.WI.7 - AJacfca i j S L Bureau. Star Route (', WaailU, Alcrta
496K7,
VKt - L J . Fnder, Vf J PY>, PO Hov imo, Hallux, N.S.

66 O ^ r f o r
 ftcfy 'open &D patiu*
APPOINTEES-OFFICIALS—LEAGUE MEMBERS

JOIN THE FUN! JOIN THE FUN! JOIN THE FUN!

I Tthe WAS Just l u t year, in fact May 1969, that

ARRL Board uf Directors voted to expand CW
one of the quarterly ARRL CD Parties to include Sura 2300 GMT July 11
all League members. Ettds 0500 GMT July 13
What, you may aAk, is this CQ CD all about,
anyway? CD in this case designate* the ARRL PHONE
Communications Department- CQ CD is, in effect, Starts 2300 GMT July 18
a call fur all ARRL appointees (and elected Ends 0500 GMT July 20
officials, too) to get together, work each other and You may operate any 20 hours out of the
enjoy a brisk test of operator and equipment. The 30-hour periods. Times out must be 15
object is to work as many of the eligible* as minutes or more to count as off-time.
possible in as many different ARRL sections (p. 6)
as possible, llie same station may be worked on
each of the bands, but a section may be worked
just once for credit. Thus, the maximum multiplier
will be 75. Now, how come that, when there are
Route Manager KM
only 74 section*? WelL for many years Yukon and Phone Activities Manager .PAM
the Northwest Territories were grouped together to Headquarters Staffer . . < HQ
form the VF8 section. Because of the small Official Relay Station ORS
number of hams therein, this see Hon (as such) was Official VHF Station OVS
dropped quite a few years back. However, the VE8 Official Observer OO
multiplier was retained in ARRL contests - just Official Bulletin Station OBS
for fun I Official Phone Station . . , . • OPS
The exchange is brief and to the point. Scoring is simple. Cuunt 5 points per QSO
Appointees/officials transmit a short designation of (remember now, you can work the same station,
their "status" plus ARRL section. for example, on 160, 80,40, 20,15 and 10 meters
Non-appoifltee*officja)s may transmit: member - vhf too!). To this figure add your ARRL code
<MBR), life member (LM) or charter life member proficiency credit (you must have the certificate at
iCLM) whichever i* applicable; plus ARRL that time). Multiply this new sum by the section
section. multiplier*
The appointees and officials you'll run into, Suggested frequencies in past parties have sort
with some "probable" ew abbreviations of their of "shaken down" to the following pattern: CW%
designations, are sbuwn below: up from 3535 7035 14035 2R035; PHONE, up
President PRbS from 3955 7265 14295 21395 28600. (Try 160
Vice President VP meters at 0600 GMT and keep checking periodi-
Past President PASTPKfaES
Director D1R cally for 10 and 15 meter activity.) Activity on 6
Vice Director VD1R find 2 meters ts welcomed!
Assistant Director ADlfc Reporting should be done on ARRL CD Party
(aeneral Counsel GC report forms. An addressed stamped envelope sent
-Associate Counsel ASSTGC now should get the logs to you in time for use in
Q8L Manager QSLMGR mid-July! The cut-off date for receipt uf entries at
Section Communications Manager SCM Hq, is August 15. All participants reporting activity
Asst. Section Communications Manager , *. .ASCM will receive a copy of the appropriate CD Bulletin
NTS Official NTSMGR
Contest Advisory Committee CAC containing final results. High-claimed CD scores
Repeater Advisory Cutmnittee RKPAC will, as usual, appear in QST.
Section Pmergency Coordinator SEC Remember now, CQCD CQCD CQCD de
Emergency Coordinator EC -WIYYM K

MULTIPLIER CHECI(-OFF LIST

1 2 3 1 1 « 7 a * 0 VI
COM ENY EPs Art Ark EBay Ariz Mich III Colo Mar
EM»s Nil Dot EFla La LA Ida Ohio Ind laws S u
Me NNJ MDC Ga Miss r
?SBtr
« Mont WVa Wise Kant Ontf
NH SNJ WPa NMu Nev Minn Man
Rl WNY nh NTex SCV 0F«T Mo Sask
Vt sc Okla SOftO Utah Kabr Alti
WMats Ttnn STff SF Wash NDak 80
Va C, Z. S JV Wyo SD«k VE1
WfJa sv XL7
WM. KH6

June 1970 67
K6YNB/6 Kb*PORTED BY A t NOQNF.,* V/M KQM/WB6SAZ

I N keeping with what appears to be a long Camdian High Scorer:

standing tradition for January, we have nothing VF3ASO
to boast about, propagation wise, during the 23rd
5720
VHF Sweepstake** Tropospheric conditions werr Top miltfopcrator entries are as folhm:
good at times, for the winter period, And activity,
a* always, was excellent. As far as Sp^radtc-K was W8«:t 3#,250
concerned, one avid Vllh'er comments: "T caught W2JKI 34,432
what I believe to be the only such opportunity for WB2W1K . 29,008
thi* in a flurrv of very short Juration Saturday
night. It netted mean fcFLA eontaet." - W1HPQ. Clubs
it was interesting to note the ever increasing The ML Am VHF Radio Club continues its
amount of ssb activity on 6 meters. On the other winning streak, U)th year in a ruw! Wonder what
hand, it appears we had an unusual high amount of they do with alt theii gravels? Re-capturing second
i-w activity on the low end of 2 meter*. Contacts placc, the Rochester VHF Group just managed to
were plentiful, dee in no small part I'm sure to the squeeze by the South Jersey Radio Association
tremendous club participation*. who took third. The only other scores over I0OK
Stunt 865 logs were received here at HO. were submitted by the Mobile Sixers Radio Club
representing 53 sections of the USA. This i* again a followed by the Hampden County Radio
slight decrease from the previews year. Cuuld it he Associalion.
possible that the \ew Year spirit (&> still abound* Club entries were Benin down, 27 vs. 31 in 1SJ69.
on January 11M1V Did your dub compete? If not, why not4? There it
nothing like all-out participation in a contest to
Top Ops help you to enjoy your hamming more, and to
Top single-operator entries are as follows: learn more from i t
K31PM 46,260 Hope to sec you all next year
WA3CAG 37,324
WA2FGK (K2LNS,opT.) 27,810
W3ZD 25.48X 1971 VHF SS
W3KKN 22,776
Jan. ^-10
^Communications Assistant, ARRU

68 QST for
 W A3 A AM WB20AD 6204 141-12 A6
Scores I4J4H 262-17 A WA2FVU Mlft 161-09 AH
[n the tabulation to follow, scores arc listed by K3ZQNI4OT*S,> WA2HYA 145-04 AH
4K442 "201-11 AB WA2AXI- S0A3 I5<M>7 El
ARRL divisions and sections. Unless otherwise WA3HA A <Kino) W2K( 119-11 B
noted, the top scorer in each section receives a 4*»7» 1 AH WB2YFH 424K 1 iH-nHAFJC
W3DUU/3 liTiult)-op.) UH2YM» 41 Ml 1f*h»3 AH
certificate award. An asterisk denotes a 4(94 W20KA 415» (SO* 04 AH
Headquarters staff member, ineligible for an award. W2PIT fK4HN<\ opr. j
Columns indicate final score, number of contacts, WA3AJV 666t> 152-12 AH ^OSO 1(12-20 AB
W3LU1. 4944 TOJ 14 B WB2LW4 4020 2 34-05 A
number of different sections worked, and hands W3KMV 41 Bo 13 A W'lOSV 3000 1 3IV05 AH
used. A represents 50 MHz., ti 144 MHz., C 220 .W4ft | AB WA2F.IY 3*fift 108-08 A
W3HH ?«I4 I ah K2M7P 3724 I3.V04AH
MHz., D 420 MHz., E 1296 MHz., and up. kJl'Kl' 1420 65-04 AH wa:biw 370^ 1U<Mj7 tt
Multioperator stations are shown at the end of V/30TC 1792 56-06 H MM* 3400 100*07 AH
W A.11 III IT^B h4ui4 H WA2CJF 3296 103 06 AH
each section tabulation. \V3MH! K34 M-Ui H WB1NPY 3107 110-03 AB
\V*PIH SH-IIAAH W2VX Jv70 '1*1-05 H
W3PZK 1430 SS'OSPlH WASMCiV lUo-g.iAH
K3VJK 1170 45-0 3 H WB2IJVB 264a 112*02 AH
W3MHB 1144 44-03 B WB2VI.I) 96-04 AB
A rtANTIC o m s r o N HMPST/J 2W# fOK-O.fAi* MNBil JOftn 4 M M H
WA3NVO Z*I)H II7-IWAB NVAJHkiC 44-02 H 2574 9O-03AB
Oelaware KJHLS 27W2 107*03 HC W3UBL K84 34-01 AB WB2JOI 79-06HDL
wwnv 501 h 132 09A BCD WAYXM/3 f07-03AH K3GMB H4U 35-03 AB W\2HVH 240 » *6»04AB
W.IHHC; 44BX 102-12 AB WA3C r»C 27*2 107-03 A H W« vc 84A H-fW K W\7 YHD A4-04AB
K-tNYG1 UiiO 7S-I2 A W3?KK 107-02 AH M S N «« 26-06 A B W2UCV 2-24A llMin A
K.JUKJ H4U 28-05 A KJA1L 244B 72-07 A W3UN 756 21 -0* H K2tGH 2I2H Sfr-iw A
i'liifcm WJHYO 2240 80-04 H K3i?:x. 672 24-02 A W A 2C3N B 2052 5 7 <08 A
K.MPM 46,360 77T^OAMCU WAJNGK 2232 9,1-02 A WN3NPI ti72 2Sp02 h W2SDB 202S ?*-03 H
WA3CAG 37,324 602-2 I AH WAUSR 2IH4 ** l-l>2 AH W 3 AK A S04 21-02 B WB2SPJ |V44 81-02 A
WJZT1 25,4S* 472-17 A DC K3/KO 2'itfO ftV-it^AKO W 3Y A<i .M b 14-0) K WB2<iK> |7n4 63.04 B
WJKKN 25,f7i\ 438-lftABt: W3BKU 20W W-03
n A WA.ihf u 2? 1 M-(i i A vtztv It S*i.|i4 H
K3JUV 20,3011 4II<I-|*AB('I>E KIJDY/3 1988 7 I -04 A WA3J(il (multi-op, 1 H B2K' B 1 J42 5K-02 A
WK'L IfrpibH i72-l*ABt: WA3KFT 0-04 AH I0.S60 176-40 AB W U 2ZM Y 1326 51-03 AB
W3H h Y 1 3,2 DO 3Ju-1U AJJI.'DWVH- VQ 1920 nO-OnAH WA^MKHopn.) WA2KRX 1200 50-02 A
WBUZD/J t2,*96 202-72A W tWIJ I fiftu 7n-H? A r>l<l4 141-1 2 AB I
> WB21XA 1144 44-03 A
WA3GYJ 12,104 226-17 V kJJYA l^.tK h 1-11.
1 A VVJPtiA ti>r<Wh.\ NVAJVFY 1 131 44-03 A
K3JJ* 1I,<M* 352-07ABCD WA3BH* 1560 ^2-0ftAH 5H80 140-11 ABP W :
E W M 1 M8 43-n 3 A B
Wil^i It,000 ISo-l-JAM* W 3AW A opr«> KMVO <4 rtpw.1 \VH2i.'iW 1066 41-03 H
K3CA* 10.944 2«»-U9AHl'L> 14ft2 S7-03A M4-07 AH WA2KAV 1 032 4.^-02 H
KJUJD 10,RT8 399-1 lAWL'D W3FQI 14ft 2 S7-03A S'Mtkmt t\*wJ*rsci" WA2KCF 0 36 A
K.1FOD 10,7(0 3I5-07AHO WAJtTl .^JH>4AB 1 WIHV Uiifc'JI AB W2BAY 720 .10-02 AB
K3QMK. J4.UJAH KJWOJ 1.144 t^OJAB^k W2IIH 21.5HO 41 VlbABCU W2JUU (WA2HII. o
W3BHI* I CLW7 24> 12 AH KJWGK 1344 S6-02ABL WB2MTU 1 Vt(iQQJSO-IHAH 720 1002 A B
WAJIVY 10.692 24>1 I AH W3hC>0 1344 S6-02A W A 2K MU 18.225 366-1 SAW' li
l WA2HJK 624 2ft-01 A
w a r ! i O . ? a i > 2R§-O*ABCD K3/J.I. 1300 S0-03A W2AXU 26MV AM11!!i WBJLKI ft In 22-04 A
W3CCX (W3SAO, npp.1 VYA.^QP fZ72 S3-i>2 A U l&vMi.•Mf-WAHC WAJUPI. 532 b
I0.UW 297-07 AW WAJLNH 12^2 SHU AK YS 211 -12 AH WU2NYX 480 20-0 2 AB
W38AO 10.064 296-07 ABU WA3BRV 1008 42-02 A W2BLV 3640 160-17 H WH2( XA 46* 18-03 A
VWltW 9600 AOO-OfrABC WA3GNV MXJA 3fMi4 H Vr'B2BNF. H 3122H-IV9AHC mnmi Inn IS-0IAI1F
WA3FHS '>Aft» 300-0* AB WA3IKLK.
3 NZG 462 37-03 A B WW J KIM) 240 ir? A H W H 2VM 1 1 3«rti 15-02 A
W3HK H^nii iK-li>AHC WiWC 960 40-02 A OTZI'l & V 44 111-06 AH 2HHC 240 10-02 H
WiMVh S6CIO 2 I 5»lOABl' WA3KTV 33-03 AB \\3J AV 172-09 ABC WH2MNM 120 5-02 A
W&AJF 7744 242 06AIK: K40 3MI2 A
WA3JMM 7AHII 240-06 A B K3M&V 7V2 UJ A
W.UTK ?632 AB WSUUC 704 32-OJ AO
WASK'Z 7260 242>»5AB K3AA 29-02 AB
KJKTY 72 ^2 226-00 A Hi \VM RH S^H 23-tM A
WA3BIV 6946 If MJAT K.M.i?T ftt 24-02 A
K3MXM 6*** 2 4ft-04 ABC WXrXO F76 24-02 H
K310X *43S 2I4*05AHC WAitKW FZ
546 20-04 A
4R0 20-02 A
WAJCNU 6U2U II S.i>4 AR WIOHX 442 17-1*1 A
VVA3LRU 5954 22V-03AB
WA3NIT $908 211 '04AH K.3KUL 41« H-Ot AH
WAJJGY SK52 I 54-09 AH W3WX 374 17-0! A
K3HKK 5472 171-OftAt' K.\H1I t I h-01 A
KJ'iUJ IOIM14AHC' K.^YIZ I S-lM AH
K3L>MA 52?6 201 -<1.4 AH K3FIJH 30H I4-IM AH
W30YL 5220 145-0& AH K3JJ£/» 30 K 14-01 i
K30BY 5200 200-03ABC W3RAV 308 I4-IU AH
WA&NLT 410ft 170-0SAB K3MGO 13-01 AB
W3BN 41In J 14.1-0? AB WAJJKH 2M C I-i>2 A
WA.UH, 4*02 1*77-0) AB K3VIFM fi-Oi A
Kl AYQ I35-07AB K3CH1 I7h H-Ol A
W3NSJ 45<«i> l&MttABtTi WA3AFN/3 154 7-01 AH
KJBOY 4536 L62-U4AH WA3CSTR 154 7-01 A
W3KXH 450* IM-04A WA3KBH/3 132 MM A
KMOR 4.140 I 55-04 A WA3HTK 110 A-OI A
WA3MRH 4340 ! 55-04 AB W!\3K'K 6r, .^iiI A
K.tAxjH 4 I I M I I4S-»4AB U^KM-' 44 Mil A
WA3IMT 4032 144-04AH WAJ1>NL' fK32Sf?, WAJhVKl
K3VPB 379ft 146-03 AH WA30NC rK.^ZSG, WA3J'VK>
W.1QXV 3744 144-03 A H 21^,02ii ^H5-1hAHC
WA3KHI: 3riA4 87*1 I AH K^MTK/J(niultw»p.)
kJKMKIS 32 32 tti|.i>fc AH 3S4-17AB
WA3*UF
r 3000 100-05 AH K3i VX/3r*^A3NCW)
W3tXCl 2VM 7l-M AH 14,7913 AH
W.lCtS 2*80 96-05 A WA3NCW/3 (+K3KYX)
14,790 2SVWAB

Here's the K3IVO gang attempting to install their 2

meter beam at 95 feet in sub-zero weather. Some
people will go to almost any tengths to operate in
the VHF Sweepstakes!

June 1970 69
W2PAU (+W7ESX) WB2WYO 2904 121-02 A WB21>PT 1430 65-01 B WB21UU 5H6 23-01 A
21,49* 402-17ABC K1YMM 3794 127-01A B WB2MBP 1416 5"-»2AB K2BBJ 484 22-01 AB
W2REB <-»K21WV> WB2YHU 2750 12S-0T AB K2A10 13«6 63*01 AB K2BKC 484 44-01 A
13,616 296-13 AB W20UC 2706 123-01 A B X20PC 1396 63-01 A Ev2MPL 41* ly-01 AB
W2FPA (+WA2IUF) WB2HLI 7662 1 2 1 - 0 1 AB W2WGL M86 33-11 B WB2EDT 41S 14-01 R
7 6 3 8 203-09 A B W20WF 2600 10IMJ3AB WB2UG 1344 $6-02 A W2ZHB 40R 17-07 B
K2BWR (+K2ZRJ> WB2KCI 2S6B 107-02 A WB2KAN 1320 6TM.ll A K20TN 330 15-01 A
5 2 4 9 85-51 AB W2KCH 2520 1 0 5 - 0 2 AH W2SRP 1296 54-07 B WB2FPT J 30 15-01 B
WA2DKI (4 opra.) WA2HWC 2508 114-01 A B frCiROU 1276 58-01 A K2ACQ 300 l<*0!i t>
453* 126-01 B W A 2 Y V K 2472 103-02 AB K20MA 12*4 57-01 tt W A 2 U G E 242 m » o i A
WB2PZF1+WB2JJN) WB2LAD 2472 103-02 A WB2ZIY 1254 57-01 A K2VC1 220 IU-01 A
3640 130-04 A WA2C1X 2392 92-0 J A B K2PZV 1232 56-01 B WA2VMB IW1QJS, opr.l
WA2BKV 2376 ioft.ni A WR2WAC 1237 56-01 A 148 4-01 A
Wtittrn New York WA2CJL 2232 93-02 A WB2SNA lift* (4*01 A WK2LRB <>-Ul B
WA2YRM 2232 93-02 ABD WB2JGV J 166 53-01 AB W 2 E 1 110 5-01 B
K2YCO (1,000 220-45ABCD W2SFA 2200 1 0 0 - 0 1 AB W2F1M 1122 51-01 A WA2VBU Aft 4-01 A
wauTH 10,080 i b o - i s a b WB2MCP 2156 9 8 - 0 1 AB W2UAD (122 51-01 B WB2TIY/1 4-01 B
K2YR/ 8 0 0 4 1 7 4 - 1 3 A B O WB2 g X B 2156 4A-OI AH WB21KR 1122 5WM A W2OW(l0 o p n j
K2CEH 6440 I 4 0 - U A B D K25QI 94-01 AB W21CE 1100 50-01 AB 11,004 198-18AB

AFFILIATED CLUB SCORES

Ctub Scare Entries Winner

Mt. Airy V.H.F. Radio Club (Pa) - . , 5 (KM 10 65 K3IPM

Rochester V.H.F. Group <N-Y.) . - • , 255,552 121 K2YCO
South Jersey Radio Association . . . . 252,SOU 53 W2BV
Mobile Sixers Radio Club (PaJ - - - • 120,993 31 W3IZU
Hampden County RC Assn. (Ma&) . . 105,736 61 K1ANF
Talcott Mountain U.H,F. Society (Connj 80,865 27 K1YON
Albany Amateur Radio Association (N.Yj 70,968 57 WA2BA1I
Suburban Amateur Radio Club ( P a j . . .46,998 6 WA3EYJ
Southern California V.H.F. Radio Club ,35,014 13 K6YNB/6
Six Meter Club of Chicago 28,580 16 WA9FTH
1200 Radio Club (Matt.) 16 K1MUC
York Radio Club {III) ,?V70 14 WA9RU
Rock Creek ARA iMd.) .23,758 14 W3LUL
Payton ARA (Oliioj 20,802 in \V8KKF
Reading Radio Club (Pa j 18,957 19 W3BN
Greater Pittsburgh V.ILF. Society . . , .15,966 16 W3BWU
Queen City Emergency Net (Ohio) • . J 3,046 II WA8STX
take Success Radio CluMN.Y.) • - - .11,796 a W2TUK
Rancocus Valley ARA (NX) ,11,06b 5 WB2LWZ
Dutchess County V.H.F. Society (N.Y.) - 99in 7 K2DNR
Mid-Hudson V.H.F. Society (N-YJ , , - 7156 3 (C2BGU
WeKt Park Radiops (Ohio) , 5322 6 K8YYK
West Jersey Radio Amateurs . 4386 4 K2QPN
lK2SQS,upr.|
Tu Boro Radio Club (N.Y/) - 3865 3 WA2PMW
Hamfester* Radio Club (ILL) 3464 3 WA9FXH
T
St, Louis Amateur Radio C lub . . . . . 2474 3 WA0TXV
Santa Cruz County Amateur Radio Club (Ca/i 1676 3 WB6JON

M/B2KXR 2<H6 &4-02AB W B2HJN 1738 7*01 A WB21NN S17 24-01 A

WA2GCF »5 0 »6 6 1 1 6 - 0 6 AR WB2FDZ 1100 50*01 A K2kKQ in ops.)
WA22NC 1 4 9 - 0 7 AB K2GMZ 1694 77*01 AB wmihv 1100 SJ-Ul A 7300 146-15 AB
WA2YTK 4 8 0 0 150-06 AB WA2ABQ IbKlk 7U-02 B WB2YWI IOS6 4 8 4 ) 1 AB SV2BPF <4WA2« At"G GC*>
WB2VUO 4 6 6 2 111-11 AB WB2YIH Ib72 76-01 AB W i F Z H I0J4 47.01 A 5440 1t<M>7AB
WB2XH* 4 S 6 4 1 6 3 - 0 4 AB WA2tiA 1650 75-ni A W A 2 A Q W JOJ4 47411 A WAlMFWOOoprM
K2JA 4 2 * 4 1 3 3 - 0 4 AB WB2HCC 1632 68-02 A W B 2 A M C 1012 46-<i1 AB 27^4 127-nl H
WA2YFV 4 1 8 4 15.4-04 AB WA2IYZ 166* 7341 A W B 2 L T N 4 4 - 0 1 AB WB2VPY (13 opru
WA2KNH 4 2 6 4 164-03AB£> K2QWC MH4 72-01 A W B 2 K S D 968 4 4 - 0 1 AB M^A M-04 A
WB2NFY 4 2 56 112-09 A PL7K.X/W2 ltM* 64*02 B A 2 T D F 902 41-01 AB Wrttrrn
K2RHS 4 1 3 4 1 5 4 - 0 3 AB WA2HS 151ft 69-01 A W V/A2YF2 8S8 39-01 A KJNPY 9 7 4 8 1 3 6 - 2 4 AD
WA2YEK 4 0 0 4 1434)4 AB 1464 61 -02 B W B 2 R Z 1 W3RWH 3^4 11 A B
832 12-03 AB
W2QY 3 9 5 2 1 5 2 - 0 3 AB WB2CMK 14*4 61-02 AB W 2 0 Y Y 792 34-02 B WA3HUR 3612 86-11 A
wawo 3 9 0 0 150*03 AB W2&C!M 1452 hfr-fll AB W B 2 H O ! 7*2 3641 A K3AKR 2 6 4 5 £4*13 AB
W2ALL 3£j6 1 2 7 - 0 4 A B WA2FKW 1432 66*01 AB K 2 Y A H 74X VW1 A WA3ANU 18VO a
WA2THS 3 3 8 8 1 2 1 - 0 4 AB WA2£JY IWI 01-01 Aft W A 2 M Q N 728 26-04 AB W30IM 1 4 5 6 52*04 A
lVlUPMtt M 3 0 111 - 0 5 AH WB2LZM l^ftH 89-01 AB W B 2 R V V 726 32-01 A K3<?FY 1360 40-07 B
WB2CML 3304 1 1 8 - 0 4 8 WA2BBH 1414 87-01 AB W A 2 1 V N / 2 687 3 1 * 1 AB WA3BNO 13-18 4 9 - 0 4 AB
KJWVT 327* 1 2 6 - 0 3 AB WA2EICR 1914 «?-01 AB W2KMX 660 30-01 B WA3MQX 1188 33-n* A
WAafva 3 1 4 4 1 3 1 - 0 2 AB WA2ALW 1782 81-01 AB W 2 F H S 3(M»I B WA3IRKL 1092 42-03 A B
WB2ZFS 136-01 AB WB2KWZ 17*2 AMII AB W B 2 E 1 0 616 28-01 A WAJULV 910 35-03 A B
K2RZI 2 9 4 8 134-01 ABD WB2MAB 1782 8U01 A K 3 Z R X 576 2 4 - 0 2 AB WA3KYC Hfttt tJ - 0 3 B
WB2K.UY 292* m o * A B WB2KYQ 1760 55-06 B WB2WBZ 512 "J 6-(J I B WA3GSH 8 0 6 31-0* A

70 Q S T for
W3IOH 720 30-0*2 A GREAT LAKES DIVISION
K3FLW 702 27-03 A Kentucky
KJMKH 650 '25-03 A K4WYN 870 29-05 A
K3NOA 594 27-01 B
WAJLOM 504 18-04 A K4DEZ 336 14-02 A B
K3QBI 418 19-01 A W4PII 144 6-W2A
W3EWV 220 ro-oi a Wtehfaan
W3JCVS 192 A WB8BUY 4522 119-09 AB
W3KWH (5 opes.) WA8YYW 3296 87-04 R
7398 137-17 ABP WA8VNI 1410 47-05 AB
W8CV0 1118 43-03ABD
CFNTRAL DIVISION WB8AQZ 7«-0J B
fttinoit K8AJC 682 31-01 A v J.
. H.
WA8EOW 360 12-05 A :: V i
K9HMB 16,450 735-25ABP K8WBX 68 4-ni AB
G3PAC7W9 8320 260-06 AB W8BH [S oprt.)
WA9FIH 6JUQ 210-4)5 AB 4320I08-10AB
WA9F-NM 5780 170-07 AB
WA9RIJ 3«40 (21H>5AB OMo
WA9QPM 3696 132-U4A0 V/*KKF 5746 169-07 A B
K9ZWU 3504 146-02 ABC WA#STX 460V 144-06 AB
K9ZWV 3504 146*01 A AC WA*U)W 3120 78-10AB
W9BGX (WA9ULU, opr.) WHHOK 2520 9Q-D4AB
3416 122-04 AB KBYYK 2444 94-03AB 'n•w
JsT
K9KNZ 2800 I00-U4AB WASBOB 238U (15-4)4 AB
WA9FXH 2632 9444 B K8BPB 2340 7K.1X A
W9MIZ 2S22 97*o J AB K8VAK. 2132 K2-03AB
WA9NRI 2380 85*04 B KRMMH 1210 55-01 A
WA97NI :i6n 72*05 B WAS AUG 1176 49-02 A
WA9UCX (M6« 82-02 A B WBJKN 1100 90-01 AB
WO ABA 1856 58-4)6 B WA8ZUQ 1056 44-02 A
WA9ZGF 1*«l) 7S-A2AR WA8ZHF, 1008 42-02 A
WA9R3H 1656 69-02 B WB8t>UZ 990 45-01 A
WA9TZH 1512 63-02 B IVAAYHN 952 34-04 AB
K9DTB 1344 42-06 A B WASMVV 924 JJ.04 B
WA9YZO 1224 51-02 B WA8TYF 650 25-OJAB
WA9GtJt 1222 47-02 AB V/B8AFF 552 24-02 B
W9ZYI. 1200 50-02 B WAflCOA S04 21-02 A
K9YIQ 1168 54-01 Aft WB3VU 4H4 22-fll AB
WA9RDT 1176 49-02 AB WASBNW 4 BO 20-02 AB
WA9NXM 1056 4K-01 AB WAflVRK 480 I £<05 A
W9PMI 990 45-01 AB WttCHT 456 19-02 A
K90NA 968 44-01 AB WSBOV 396 18-01 ft
W81DY
940 43-01 AB VY8BZN 374 17-01 B
W9ZSQ 286 1J-01 AB
WoOYN 888 37-02 B
WAVBP4C W*DPW
«8V 40-411 A WSTQS 242 11*01 B
WA9HTA 840 35-02 A 242 11-IJI AB
WA9RFR 748 34411 AB KBDZR. 132 6-01 A
WA9WJB 748 J4-01 A KBOGH 110 5-01 A
W9FFT 744 31-02 B WHIDM 66 3-01 A
WA9IRZ 704 J2-0! AB W8cci (o opi».)
W9KBU 576 24412 B 38,2 SO 425-JSAB
WA9ZYG 552 7 1-02 B W8RXM/8(5 oprt.)
WA90Wt 550 25-01 AB 6698 176-09 AB
WB9BGY 550 25-01 AB WSVND fWAte OKB DFD J XM)
K9DKI 462 21-01 A 2*16 8«-06AB
WA9IWII 440 20-0 tAB HUDSON DIVISION
WA9MSZ 392 14-04 A Eastern New York
W9WIC 352 16-01 A
WN9CLQ 312 13-02 B WB2SIH 18,618 3?t-L9AB
WA9NFW 308 14-01 B WA2BAH 7326 167-12 AB
WA9YFB 176 8-01 A W2CRS 6 3 AO110-1$ ABC
K98ZT 154 7-01 AB K2BGU 635Q 127-1 SAB
WA9FIH/9 1 10 5-01 AB K2DNR 5400 100-17 B
7456 WA2DTE 5060 110-13AB
K9YHB(K9AYR,WA94 KJU WB2AAX 364B ?ft-14 AB
TMO 4785 237-06 AB WR2VT.M 3629 96-09 AB
W9BCiX (W91C£» WA9* LKZ W2B£2 34R8 109-06 B
HMJ) 4755 1 58*05 ABWA2VUO 3040 4S0~09 AB F r o m top to bottom, the antennas above belong to
WB20XF 2646 63-11 AB W A 3 D N C , K 6 G S S and W A 8 Z H E .
Indtana WA2MCP 2204 58-09 AB
WA2WSY 2070 MMI5AB
WA9MEF 4256 112*09 AB 19114 68-04 AB
WB2MHH
W9GMJ 1800 6U-OS B WB2SWA T736 62-04 AB
K9L8B 1428 42-07 A (600 50-06 B
WA9YXA 798 29-o4 A K2GSF
WB2JBT 1548 65-02 AB
W9BZN/9 ^6 nprii) 2006 1S00 SihOSA WB2HXZ 616 22-04 B
59-07 A K4GXV/2 1 366 57-02 AB WB2ZCM 600 25-02 B WA2ETB 286 13-01 AB
WA2QYV
WB2LZU 1272 53-02 AB WB2HWU 550 25-01 B WBiVEQ 286 11-03 B
WA2EAH/2 1110 37-05 AB WB2JLR/2 550 25-01 B K2KXS/2 2fr4 11-02 AB
DAKOTA DIVISION WA2MGU 1104 46-02 AB WB2HlHf2 540 L8-U5AB W2KVN/2 240 I&02AB
Minnesota WA2GGD 1092 424 3 AB WN2JWR 528 24-01 B WR2SWB 220 10*01 A
1034 47-01 AB WR2l<!3 520 20-03 A B W2AWF 1<*2 B-02 B
K^GYO 672 28-02 A WB2TDN 1032 43-02 AB K2ECJ 506 22-01 B WA2HAQ 168 6-04 B
WA0&BZ 672 28-0? A WA2JWO/2
980 35-04 AB WR2VIB 506 2.1-01 B WB20GN 154 7-01 A
WA4DM9 2&4 12-01 AB WA2BQP 968 44-01 AB W2IP 480 1 5-06 A B WA2UWL/2 fWA2BRA, opr.)
VtyLVV AS 4-01 A WA2L2U 960 40-02 AB WB2BDG/2 468 (8-03AB 144 6-02 AB
DfcLTA DIVISION WA2GXM 960 4(1-02 AB K2BMF 456 J 9-02 B W2KBH 132 6411 B
Mtsstatppi \V2DSK B*4 34-03 A WA2Bfc'K 20-0 f B W2KVN 110 5-01 B
WA2bM 728 28-03 A WA2VQZ 385 IfrOl A WB2PNB 110 5-01 A
WASRMS 2928 61-14AB W2FEN 720 30-02 B K2CT/2 (WA2VQZ, upr.) WA2LNX 88 4-01 A
Tttmrf&e K2ACB 696 29-02 AB 3^4 17-01 A WB2PNB/2 60 3-01 AB
K41UV 5*16 IM-I7AB WA1LNX/2 672 14-04 AB K2AR0 m 15-01 tf WA2JIK 44 JOI A
WB4CXC (4 opts.) W2HZZ 640 20*06 B EC2UKE 308 11-04 B WA2XCB 44 2-01 A
3582 lOO-OflAB WR2BPS 624 26-02 B W2IW1 286 13-01 B WB2RYZ/2 2«Ut A

June 1970 71
 WlCNI/l 240 iimn K WAI HHK 13.112 143-17 AB
WAI LVD 168 7-Ol A KlDYL 5460 1.10-11 AB
Drvisioa Leaders WAUfcO <6 opn.) KlBNS 4140 115-08 AB
J 2,177 126-J 7A BCDWA1ILK/1 3360 111*08 AB
Single Op,„ Multinp* WAllOX (4 opn.) WINY 3318 104-06 M
K3IPM 5808 137-11 AB WAI bCK 3196 94417 H
Atlantic W2PAU WAUU1 3094 111-04 AB
K9HMB Central K9YHB Ffefte r* 3faKUc/swf//f KlNJC J720 StMFTAB
K0GYO Dakota W1E0J 9016 161-18ABC WTAIX 2688 96414 A B
KlMUr $656 tUi-lHAH K1BZM 784)7 AB
K4IIJV Delta WB4CXC WA1GVH 4914 11711 A Wl 1.1 PK 7516 74-07 B
W8KXF Great Lakes W8CCI WIKXC 4310 ?M4 A W1STR 2430 HMfl AB
K1CHY 4048 117-06 ABC WAI KJ( 51 S4-09 A
WA2FGK Hudson W2JK1 WAI LFS 2 368 Atf VV 1CJK I860 61-05 AB
K0TLM Midwest WlACiN 980 35-04 A WA1CYK I7«4 B
WtKZA 980 35-04 A K.I tirr 1716 66*03 B
K1ANF New England W1HPM KITRL 9 HI 3V03AB KlKSN 1680 70^H AB
K7WXW Northwestern K7BBO WAI BIS 780 30413 A WAIhKB 1680 70*01 AB
Pacific WA1IUR 780 ,10-03 AH WlUKK 1666 49-07 A
W6VMY WA6JUD/6 bHiJAB
WAtKSJ 710 .10-0-2 A Wl KK
K4SUM Roanoke WA8FSE/8 KlCQX 650 25-01A WAJJYB J.586
W0MTK Rocky ML W0SKH/0 WUVL 520 2IW1* H KlKH I5«0 MHI3 H
WICHF 481 I9-U3 A W^ILFR 1540 55-04 A
W4GDS Southeastern VVA4GHK/4 KlN7fJ 230 lO-Of AH K1ANX 1488 62-01 H
K6YNB/6 Southwestern K6BPC WAUl.X 191 mil A WlMDM I4H1 57-03 A B
WAIJpH 132 &-01 A blLRPB 1440 40<08AB
W5RAG West Gulf K5WVX WlMX fWAlK£V, K4FKt. WAtC-OK 1430 55-03AR
VE3ASO Canadian WA4TTG) HfiO 170-15 ABC KlC?Z 1418 M-04 B
wiDC<KiNzg, wiBxn WHUB 1400 50-04 H
2304 Wl PMF 1344 48-04 AB
KlMGr (7 oprs.l WA1G2C) 1296 54-02 Afi
mbVin <4 oprs.l 22*8 81-04 AB K1WXI1 1231 44*04 B
WlJ Kl (7 opri.) WAi tWI (o^pn.) v/itc 1 176 49u|ll B
34.432 53M1ABCD W-MAB 2040 T O -
O S A KlPMK 1to4 46-01 B
W2YPN IWA2V tAH JSN. KlGK t multi-op,> WlHPM <5 oprs.) MfrllG 1068 45*01 B
WBftHM) 7406 161-I5AB 54AO 149-inRfTi C4»70|> 249-10 AB KicTra 1 (156 44-01 B
VK1ZAKflft 6I3K fJ «pr*->
171-08 AB MIDWEST DIVISION Rhode Island WAUTLC "36 39-01 B
Aiwa K1IKN 6031 IIO-IOA Wiogp 864 36412 B
WA2BRA |W£CIX>» WBls, D3CM WAirzs 798 ^•04 AB
HNH) 792 AB Wtfl'FP 1508 29-lftA WH.'hJ 1380 46-05 A wujhg 792 33-01 B
WAIHKE l»WA2YOV> WAflQFH 196 7-04 A tilAGA 914 3.V04 R WIRDC 768 37-02 B
47ft 17-04 AB •Wfiwwri I'TrmtHtf WlKllli 778 28-03 A
K»Bnv<W2GTV. WB1», KpTLM 2071 55-09 A WB1GLU/I 264^ 63-11 AM w^nui 720 30-02 B
UK. VIB> **4 16-U2AB WA0TXV 1196 *4-QlAB KIGYT frS-IOAB WlMOK non 24-01 B
City - hong Inland WA0CNS G SO 15-04 AH WlAJB S70 IK-09A wa t a w 557 234)1 ft
WA1JXN/1 ^OJ B WiCJK/1 528 2101 B
K2KTH J 8,941 287-13 AB W0AVN 518 2103 ft
^1HYt 456 19-01 B
WA2BBS 11,310 199-19 AB .VeArgiKB Htatfettt IfaSkh-Ai/tfefrv 456 19411 B
(M-10AB I344 AA-UA K1 AN F » i 139-1 * AB wmsi/i WlUPt
WB1MZF <84 16-02 B
WA2DPI» 8000 100-10 H W0EKB 1000 25-10 A Wl NOW J 84 164)1 B
W2T11K * 204 141-11 AB WAI
NEW ENGLAND DIVISION wAitnvr 316 1401 B
WA1FU7 4200 105-J0 AB rnifi si-06AB KlBZM/l 3(1 13-ni B
Connecticut
WB2GWU 4031 111-08 AB .Yrw Hampshire wiruB/i 311 13-01 B
K.20UX. Wt 74-14 A W1HDQ* 11,441 1UM9AB K1UFTY 1.1.440 I9^25A WlOWJ 3ok 14-01 B
WA1KXP 3310 83*10 ABC K i m . I 1.1*9 2l1<17Bn W1JSM 2640 55-14 M Kisrt 788 T 1*01 A
WA1PMW ISSf) 7M17 B K1YON IK7-T7 4B WIVXV 4
J90 j.1-05 AB WAI ¥.m 13? 6-01 B
W1KJCG 21 JO 71-05 B Wl KUV 796* Ibl^UAB WAtGOR 624 24-03 AB WlKK/1 110 5-m B
W2NBI 1718 54-06 B WAMtn 6300 116-15 B
WB2UZU I6H0 56-Oft A B WAUQJ SbBO J 41-10 AB
WB2 TUT J 428 SJ-D4 B ki/W: SftlO 107-f5 A
WlOAH 44-04ABC WAtlftD 12(M0B
WlBNti 1230 41-05 B KIT2D 4S40 II4-L0AB
K2HGR 795 27-05 B K1ZXH* 436ft 104-11AB
wizro 640 20-06 B KtSRM AMI 92-08 A
WlTNt <4A 21-03 B WALBXI 3060 90-07 A
WA2MXB 520 20-03 B WAlKMS 3040 A
KUWT 1X0 s-ns B KIHTV 66-11 B
WA2YICH 3-01 B WAlGb.l' 2664 74-08 AB
W1AFE <4 opis.1 KIRBS 1 B
WAI HLfK
10*460 263-10AB WA9HHH/1* 2 1 1 ? 48-11 AB 60-09 B
W1RAK/1 (4 oprs.l WA1LIO iUlA 1*3-06 A
4250 1*29-07 AB WAPjGI 1791 5646 B
KlMYR f+WB20GD> 3T76 9 I -OS B WILL 1710 4.C09 A
WA1IND 14M5 57-OS A
tfarftaw JVw Jemy W1PHR 1664 B
WA?K>'GKtK?LNS,opr.) WAlGMN 4149 B
21MU 515-17 AH K1KKR 1400 50*04 A
W1UK 5394 93-19 B KIKKL 1190 43-OS B
WA2BNF 2958 87-07 AB W-\ i PPn J la J 46*03 ft
W1AQT 2**U 72-10 B WAllUO
?6-08ABfIi WA1GTP
1024 31U16AB
W1CVW 273* 66-U6 948 29-06 AB
W1M 2111 ftb-04BB WIOVK W1D2A
Sll 3H*0l Aft
WA2JXS. 1H4H SI-04 B 840 .VMKB
WA3 KIN 142b .17-04 B K\ BuG M2 2*1-04 A
WBlFZl 1«3f» J3-U3AB WAI I AO 710 30*02 B
WA2FAX 8*8 (ft-nA A KIWU #>71 2*42 B
K1ROP WtRNr 600 25-02 B
W31U 9-03
234 S-04 B A wbis±:z/i 571 21-03A
WAliUM 140 WAi 1SF S16 23-02 A
WR2WIK (+WA1PBM) Wt t'HK 384 16-01 B
29J)08 ,191-27 AB WA1URS i l l J 3-01A WA2FGK (K2LNS, opr.) was located at Zion Mtn.
WIKXM 286 11-03 A
251 «M)4 D in Central New Jersey How's this for an ideal
TOGO/1 (9 536-1 5 AB WIKMP
W1CNI "240 lO^ll B QTH?

7 a QST for
 AM WA*11Wr./7 fWA?RRA.nnr.t wAVUIwa

K6IBY ;<15S 49-11 ABC Southern Trxas

WA6FIT 20ltf S44« B W5KAO 2090 4S-12 A
WH6V2V 6JHIJABIT1 WA SHKFC | -76(1 44-10 A
WA6MKN 2M 9-113 R CANADIAN DIVISION
Sim O^o
WftNLO 43(7 J174MAH Quebec
WAnHOT 7To 28-04 AH VE2AIU 16S0 XM5A
Ontartr*
tHMimc .M 1 A Vf'MtiO 5720 I J0M2ABD
WEST GULF DIVISION vtjewT 19 BO ss-nfcwn
Northern 7r*a» VE3DNR 0A2 .17-03 B
WA5LUM 1166 33-nl A VF3CRU/3 «17 3*»414 A BP
VMC.MM 744 31411 B
WA5ZUC ?'>2 liwif A VEJAQr W2fi-02H
WASCKT' <6 JJ«rttA Columbia
J5 20 *HJ-04 AH VKTAZfl 744 31-07 H
Oklahoma
WA5QUU 1036 37-04 A B
KSWVX (+W5WAX) CAtfcA WAJCZX, K4(iL,
.MlflA S5-L&A W4]BS,WJ$400L, WAftBQQ.

Helping to keep NNJ on the mapr we have

WA2BNF who managed 87 contacts in 7 sections.

W1LS <10 4m J A WH4UJU 616 2?.04 AH

W1UPH/I 1-411 B W477/4 (+K4i MU MOU> FREQUENCY MEASURING TEST
KJVYXl+WAlkFN) 244K 72-07 A B
4512 Y4-14 A FEBRUARY RESULTS
KIQMV (+wrncj^ South C-arotbia
i too sn4u B W4VHH 450 15-05 BD
W*llAM<*WAllAN> WB4BVK 210 7415 A The February 14,1970 FMT, open to all
I no 3741* A VitfMa amateurs brought entries from 140 partici-
NORTHWtSTtRN DIVISION K4SWM ^fifth147-UVAHD pants who made a total of 777 measure-
/Arto Kj W |»/4 327ft U1418 AH
r7LWK'7 72 3-02 A V/HTTU West3344 Virnuue ments. Of these 68 ARRL Official Observers
Oregon
76-13 AB submitted 349, and 72 NoreOOs made 428
W8AKC 893 244ft B readings. All Observers have received indi-
K7WXTV 774KAB <S fipre.)
KT7CTB 11 tl4 4<j-02AJi 107-08 AB vidual reports of their readings. The Ktand-
ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION ings accredited to the more precise in each
WA7JBU I?1t4 57-OT A
K70WE | 484)2 A Cktitjwdo group appear below; all listed show ability
WATFHC I0S* 44.02 A W0MTK 37-11 A of the highest order in Frequency Measure-
WA?tfOR <*m 41 >-01 AHW0AJY 1400 104J4AB
K7IDK 462 2l»01 B ^VA^YSK/9 176 6-411 B ment.
W7AXS 308 14*01 AH WfSKH/p f4 i>pr».J Following is a report of the standing of
WA7LDN 30* f 4*01 4 1312 41-i>hAB
WA7JFG >64 12.01 AB the FMT leaders in this test, (n considera-
WN7T7K 44 2-ot H K5E W Kr>4 M4IKA tion of the minimum possible error, due to
K7BBO <tWA7MZK>
i^WO US4UAR SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION 'doppler' and unavoidable factors, we
W7SBC 18 opno Atatomw accredit as of equal merit all those reports
SSS 39-01 AHK4WHW 9S8 384)3 A shown below computing 4/10th parts per
PACIHC DIVISION WB4LOW 300 13412 A
Put Bay million or higher accuracy. Oux direct com-
WfrVKM 1536 54*07 ABWfSDS M^hu tUI-20 A parisons with the umpire's readings other-
WA6UK.Q 900 304IS A W40JU 33t2 72-1 3 AH wise establish this ofder of listing. August
WN6LUS 416 (*4>3 ft K4PKV 277* SS-(SABCD
WN61UV 841.) K W42VX D9D H QST will announce details on the next
WN6CCM | H2 7-0.4 H K4NTD 456 1 Wtt A BtJD K ARRL FMT,
UrAfrJUD/* <+WAn» Jl-tf j IIV>WA4UHX/4 <4
6970 2194)5 AB 1176 444l2A&mK
SiUvamentv failey tieutgto OBSERVERS
W6DOP t rwi 39414 AB V/A4N3P 3I6K 72 (2 AB
WAoCXB 764 .(2-U2AH WA4DSR IOM) 3|J»HA
WWMZX $04 IH-04 M l^iifdlfx W1BGW W2AI0 WA2KSB W3BFF W3NNC
W6SI 2SS I-MS B mnFH/KP4 W3PYW W4CMP W4JUI W4NTO W4T0Y
WBftAVZ 234 4-03 A <iiH 29-01 AB
fltf/f f'wnWttv* W5FMO WGCBX W6RQ W7UXZ W8GRG.
KbTFT l4iK 5MK B souiiiwi^niRN division
/not/if/it Vattev NON-OBSERVERS
WAWP 1(70 .W-ufAB KSSSN
$<mta Cterii ^ttliey WB6I-KK/6 W1E0 W1PU W2BQK K3LPP W4EPU
W6VMV .low Ui2-0S a WAtKlK I 764 634)4 AI
K6GSS *>7h ->34>6 4B WUbTSM1 170S 614>4ABCH W4EV W4FMW WB4MFA W5UJF WB6AAL
KAUTR i07<> hW-fiS AB WAtARl S74>4AB K6MZN W7KD W8NWU W9CAA K9KRW
WBftJON ¥30 Jl-QSAB fcVKftVVPM sCT-i>4AH
W6KCJG/* S10 274)5 A V /
B MMV 1 102V 4-l>5 A B W9MKY W0CFY W0WNY/9 VE80K R.
K6BDK *?0 14-OftA WA6ZMI M84 4(4)2 A Ireland
W6KHS 17ft Mil B WA6iOK 1(0 f)4kl A
W6KIY/6 (8nprft.) WB6SZ0 66 34)1 A
.lnOO 120-rt<AB K6BK! (K6gPH, Vi'A6ZKf)
3714 1 3.^4)4 AH
KOANTJKE DIVISION
AVwfft Ctftofritf Orange The Post Office Department promises faster
WR4CltS 756 «-02 AB K6YNR/6 12,300 3OH-I0 AB mail service with Zip codes. Use yours when you
W4KI-V 624 A WA61KA 3154) 8&4>B A wrtte ARRL- Use ours, too. Iffc 06111.

June 1970 73
 In the Public Interest, Convenience,Necessity JMfl
CONDUCTED BY GEORGE HART,* W1NJM
WCARS AND WPSS
P REVIOUSLY, in this column, we have talked
about the Midwestern Amateur Radio Service
(MidCARS) and the Eastern Amateur Radio
Setvice (EastCARS) and have alluded to WCARS a
number of timet but never gave any details. All of
these groups; are stOl going strong and deserve a lot
of credit for enhancing amateur radio public
service consciousness among amateurs who might
not be exposed otherwise,
WCARS, according to information received
from Vice President fof WCARS) WB61ZF, is a
group of over 700 amateurs throughout the west
devoted to monitoring 7255 kHz for the purpose
of providing service to the public and to other
amateurs. This frequency is basically a monitored
calling and emeqpney frequency that, among other
thing*, provides a traffic listing service with
comprehensive coverage. Using it, traffic can fre-
quently be dispatched directly to its destination
city.
WCARS is open to everyone, hut certain
procedures are observed. The words BREAK-
BREAK-BREAK are reserved for emergency traffic
only, which is handled immediately* generally on
frequency. Two breaks are for priority ax urgent
traffic, and just stating your call is sufficient for a
routine break. Priority and routine traffic is
generally handled off frequency.
WCARS operates as long as the hand is open
during daylight hours and in the evening depending
on band conditions and availability of relays. Its
counterpart in the midwest (MidCARS) operates
on 7258 kHz and EastCARS operates also on 7255
kHz. Much the Mime procedure is observed on all
three.
* Communications Manager, ARRU
There seems to be some tendency to expand
the same type of service to other bands. At the
present, the only other one we know of is the
Western Public Service System (WPSS) which
operates on 3952 kHz. Since 81) isn't much during
the daytime, this system picks up at about 6 P.M.
PST, has a roll call at 6:30, then monitoring goes
on until late in the evening, W7UCJ, a member of
both WCARS and WPSS, was kind enough to send
a copy of their newsletter* which reveals that
W6BSW is president, KGKIH is vice president, there
is a different net control every night of the week
and the roster is well over 100, most of whom have
phone patches.
As we have said before, these monitoring
services perform a very useful and worthwhile
function. Let's support 'cm.
Whafs Happening?
The lead to this column is supposed to
comment about what's happening in amateur radio
public service - other than the daily routines, ul
urmrve. If the Jead cannot be tied to some specific
event, we look around for a suitable topic to
discuss. Perhaps you 51are getting tired of this
"editorial philosophy. if so, we'd like to know
ahriut it — and be given something more suitable to
take its place. Hw? - W1NJM
Net Registration
Each year, during the summer months, a
completely new edition of the Net Directory is
prepared by the Communications Department and
1V70 wilt he no exception. There are three very
simple requirements for registration! (1) frequen-
cies must be inside the amateur hands; (2) the
primary function of each net registered must be a
public service activity; and (3) for continuous
inclusion in the directory* each net must be
registered at least once annually. If you are unsure
whether your net will need reregistratlon you can
check by looking at the 1969 edition of the
directory, if the date contained in column nine of
the master listing is Jul? or Aug9 there is no need
to reregister your net unless there has been some
change in the basic information contained in the
directory. If the date is earlier than Jul9 (signifying
July, 1969, the month and year the net was last
registered), it must be reregistered in order to be
included in the new edition of the directory.
W5AQK, right, was recently presented with a
certificate for 14 years of outstanding service as
Emergency Coordinator for Nueces County. Texas.
Admiring the certificate with W5AQK are his XYL,
W5BKG, and WA5BEY, President of the Corpus
Christi Amateur Radio Club.
 A few registrations were received after the
August, 196?, printing date fur the 1969/70
directory. If your net is one of these and there has
been no change in Information, please do not
reregister the net at this time.
Card form CD-85 (see illustration elsewhere in
the column) has been designed to supply all-the
necessary information for registration and we
would prefer that you use it to register your ciet>
However, we will accept registrations in just about
any form as long as the necessary Information is
given. The net registration cards are available from
headquarters, or use a facsimile. But remember, the
nominal cut-off date for registrations is July 15,
1970. Registrations arriving after that date may
not he in time to make the 1970/71 edition and
will have to be held for the next one. Also
remember that only activities in registered nets
qualify individual stations for PSHR points.
Here, then, are the directions for filling out net
registration cards. Please follow them explicitly to
avoid errors.
1.) Name of Net, Type or print as legibly as
possible the name of the network precisely as it
should appear in the directory. Please list the full
name, but common abbreviations such as AtttC,
RACES* CD, etc. are acceptable.
2.) Net Designation. Many nets, especially those
operating cw» have combinations of letters and
numbers used for call-up purposes. Examples are
WIN for Wisconsin Intrastate Net and M6MTN for
Michigan Six Meter Traffic Net. If your net has a
commonly understood designation, please list it. If
not, leave the space blank.
3.) Frequency. List the net frequency in kilo-
herts. If the net uses more than one frequency be
sure to correlate days and times, ff a second
frequency is used as an alternate, please indicate as
such.
4.) Net Manager. list the call of the person in
charge of keeping net records, etc., or list someone
who can supply additional information about the
net.
5.) Days. Indicate the days the net meets.
Please he sure to list the days according to GMT. If
your net meets Monday evenings local time, there
W4YDN is copying instructions from net
control on how to determine the exact second
totality of the solar eclipse will occur. See story in
Public Service Diary.
HEX BKrlSTHATlW
Of feti
Kst Uwi^naMm (if
OaTViMMi ^«rti>MMH«nif (Call)
Direct CQTBnStMMMI«UMtHMM««IIH»MIMIlMM»«l
Xtarposs of
UalflODSi 9 ••«»•»•«•»»• i
ftwlouaXr ttgistersdT* »SUtmltt*4 ty.
(Your call)
CD-05 (K660
Net Registration Form CD-85. See instructions for
use elsewhere in the column.
is the possibility that when converting to GMT the
day changes to Tuesday.
6.) Net starting and endintt times,, The starting
time will be enact. For the ending time, use the
length of an average session. Again, use GMT and
the 24 hour clock for listing these times. If, during
daylight saving time, the net meets an hour earlier
in GMT, indicate hy an asterisk (*). if you are
uncertain as to how to convert local time to GMTf
Operating Aid 14, available from headquarters,
contains a time conversion chart useful for this
purpose.
?.) Direct Coverage. List here the area covered
by regular participants in your net. If the net is
part of a system, list the assigned coverage area.
NTS nets have definite coverage borders: contra-
diction of these established boundaries will place
the netfe status in NTS in jeopardy. Do not list
coverage obtained through liaison to other nets.
S.) Purpose of Net Remember, to qualify for
listing fn the directory, the primary activity of a
net must be public service. In this blank a word or
two describing the actual nature of the service
As the eclipse progressed everyone took
time out to have a look; left to right ere WB4FZT,
W4DSX and W4YDN, Although a thin cloud cover
obscured part of the eclipse, the operation was
considered generally successful.
 Public Service Honor Roll March, 1970
Phi* Ihtlng i» *vail*hle to ematenr* nvhrmr public 1prvfrp 7? B 10 J lb 12 40
pert or ma nee during the month indicated qualities tnr WA3JKU 10 lb V * 40
point* ur more total In the nine categurie* below* U*e form W 6 L K U 10 s h 12 40
C L M p o or eabmit equivalent Information throucli yuur S c M . WAftIK Y 10 16 12 34
See u p 7$, Nor. * 69 u f f r r t * detail*. Pitas* note maximum WA1JMO lo 5 12 12 JV
points fur rOf'ft category. WA20HS in S 16 6 2 3<J
VV1 A U K * 16 12 5
VV1UKJ 10 lb (2 3fl
Catafory W ( J M (4) W (7i <*>fVf Klpgv 10 16 12 3tt
Max, jf* P 10 16 1? 12 20 3 $ fcl&SH 111 lit 12
10 12 12 20 .X $ H3 W 2 0 C 10 16 12 **
KplVB 10 16 12 2(1 s fcu WA3frMl 10 S 12 7 3 I JS
Kirr? 10 1* l i 12 10 6* WA3IPU lo Ifr 12 Jft
W6BHX 10 12 2o 5 6.1 W 3 K U N 10 16 12 3«
WASFTX 10 16 11 12 3- 5 63 K 4 G R 10 lb 12 3*
WA2CAL 10 IK 12 12 : & 62 W b Y U V 10 l b 12 J*
WA2BAN to l b 13 12 1 * 01 W 7 U H T 10 16 12 38
, K3&NP (0 16 12 12 1 5 61 W 7 U M T III 16 12 AS
W7BQ 10 1 h 12 1 : 60 to 16 12 *S
WBSUBU 10 r* U 12 60 W A S Z Z I in Lb L2 3S
WAMNC ID 16 12 17 5 60 W ^ B V LO 16 12 3S
WASPPfa 10 h 3 3 20 3 2 S WfHI 10 16 12 3H
WA2DKH. 10 16 12 12 3 SH V E l R O 1U lb 12 3ft
WA0OEJ 10 16 12 7 3 s K2Kng S 12 12 3 5 J7
W7JWJ 10 5 12 W 5 So W 2 M T A 10 s lb 5 36
WA1HUL 10 16 12 12 $« W f l J K l 10 5 12 6 3 3C
WA7KIU IO 16 12 12 55 W A 2 F R Z to % H t2 35
WASUP1 10 4 12 12 A * 94 W4SHJ 2 lb V2 *
W7AXT to 16 12 £ 5 52 W 5 S B M 10 5 A 12 35
W3MFX 10 1* 12 3 S 51 W A 6 L I * A 10 # 12 ft \%

WAbRO* 10 L6 3 12 s SI W A ^ V Y V 4 S 12 6 S 3 35
W0LCX IO 1* 12 3 9 SI WA0OND
4*1 K l B X f
10 S « 12 35
WA1JYY 10 lb 6 12 5 12 12 5 J4
WB2FEH to 16 12 S 48 W6DHK 10 5 16 3 34
WA2VYS 1U 16 12 s 4K WAtfUTO to 5 ib J 34
WAJAKM JO 16 12 5 4S w o o u n 10 16 3 5 34
WB4HJW 10 Ui 12 % 4ft K 7.5 |)A 4 20 34
W6BUK 10 16 12 4* WAHJLB lo S 12 b 33
K7KSA 10 16 12 S 4tt W 7 C A F 5 12 11 5 3J
K7NHL 10 l*i 12 * 4X W 7 I B K 10 5 it 12 33
WB1MI 10 16 12 4» W Attt 1W 4 5 12 12 33
VVASVNU 10 16 12 s 4k W A K M H O 10 $ 6 12 J.i
W«HRY IO 16 12 5 4M K 2 D G L 5 12 3 32
KfMVF 12 12 I V 47 K 2 K 3 R 2 16 9 5 32
WH2DKG 10 16 3 12 46 W A 0 H R M 10 5 12 5 32
W3EML 10 16 jj 3 5 4ft W l I T 10 0 32
KpBXb' 10 16 3 12 46 W I B U h 10 1 12 31
WA0 V A S 12 ft JO 1 4t> W 2 H R 6 16 31
BRIY/W4 10 16 12 2 45 U A 2 k ' L > 10 £ I'i Si
W4ILC 10 lb 12 I 44 K 2 K T K 10 5 16 31
WTOCX 10 12 12 5 44 W 3 F 7 T 10 5 4 12 31
ro 16 »J 3 I 44 WSJbM 10 5 4 12 .it
VMfcCJ 10 lb L* * 44 Wftvrr fi A 20 31
wtnvw 10 16 12 S W7HLA lo 5 16 31
WIK1W 10 16 17 5 4.1 W7PI 10 5 4 L2 31
WAHiSN 30 16 12 4J K1WWR 10 5 lb 31
'43FR 10 16 12 t 4.1 K 3 H K K * 10 H 12 30
WA t H M O 10 S 16 12 43 W A « / K X 10 4 12 JO
WJRUK 10 16 J2 s 43
VVAJCKA 10 5 16 12 43 The fnlU»wing itAtlnns submitted points ( o t i k between 21
3UU3 10 16 12 5 43 und 25. Beeinnlng with i u l y only those totab above 90
W3NEM 10 16 |2 fi 43 will be Imted: <2S) K l K S o ; ( 2 7 l W A 2 V Y T , W S V U A / 6 ; 1261
VV5QMJ 10 lb 12 43 W S M h X , W A b S C T i r2S) W6KOT. W A 7 K Q G -
W6UAE 10 5 16 12 43 The fotlowfng *tation» mibmitud t o U U pf point* or
KpAKM 10 16 12 S 43 m i m but omitted the breakdown: W 4 U U G (55): K 4 A T ,
K^MKl 10 16 12 s 43 IWA^TZMJI).
WA0TGM 10 5 4 12 12 43 *!>«notet multi-operator elation.
K3MVO 10 4 16 12 42 Cutexory «1| Checking Into rw nets; <2) Checking
W4UQ 10 4 16 12 42 Into phnne/KTTY nets; i 3 i N C S ctv nft«; (4) N C S phone/
W1BVR 10 5 16 12 4! R I T Y nets: (5> I n f o r m i n g Ual&on, (6) L « p 1 phone patches i
W50r.z 10 1 16 12 2 41 (7) Ualclng B P L ; (S) HnndUng emergency traffic; (9) Serving
WB&AMJ lo 3 16 12 41 a* net manager.

performed is sufficient (traffic* weather,
emergency, etc,).
10.) Liaisonx This applies mainly to NTS nets,
which must list the proper liaisons to be registered
as part of the system. Other nets may list any nets
with which regular Liaison is carried out. Do not Hat
liaisons with non-amateur services such as CB.
11J Previously registered? Give the year in
which your net last appeared in the directory. If it
is a new net, enter "no." If registered previously,
but under a different name, list the old name.
12.) Submitted by. Enter your call letters. If
you have more than one call, list the one by which
you are best known. Unauthenticated and unsigned
registrations will be ignored.
That should take care of registration for
another year. However, if at any time after
registration there are changes in the basic registra-
tion data, we'd like to have fresh information for
our master file. Requests for information on
specific nets are sometimes received. The newer the
information on hand, the greater is the likelihood
that it will be of some use. - WA9HHH,
Public Service Diary
On March 17, VB2AUD was involved In an
automobile accident in the Lachine, Quebec, area.
Using the VE2RM repeater he called for assistance
and was answered by VE2AKM. The Mercier

76 QST for
Bridge detachment of the Provvnical Police was BKAS& FOUKDLRS UAClJfc.
contacted and the police were soon at the scene. Winner* uf HPL t crtirkulut fur March Traffic
The following day, VE2ZA was mobilinp when .Oriz Re. </. WrA IvA
Cjjff »• • i i i« fa tat
he discovered an accident near the intersection of W5PPK ..56* J4<X IIMj |J7ft
the TransCanada Highway and St. Johns Road in ... 1 J97S
Point Clairev Quebec. A car and truck were KhKl'f SO 3 3749
WApVAS , . . I9S4 104 1450 JJJS
involved and the stalled vehicles were causing a MM INK 17 15SS
hazzard to other traffic. Using the VE2 RM HV7HA 7|1 653 S* 14M
repeater, VE2ZA was able to contact VE2DM. The wyu-x ., .40 4S1 JT 1080
M .,»*. .. ..5 480 S 47 f 965
local constabulary was summoned, but were unable 4AS 440 5 940
to handle the accident, it was again necessary to WA5GPO T,, 4)7 437 0 875
call the Provincial Police, - VX2ALB, SEC WA.8L1X ' „ 369 12 ft»
WASUPl , 3'1S 3S 829
Quebec, W9JI HJ 4U0 373 ? SOI
WARSY ,..23 3S1 ;H4 Ko 774
WSUPH m MO 37 76 S
While tuning the band on the evening of March w*JYo ;s4 719
2Q, ex-WA2KU heard PV2DBN, aboard the tanker WJKML . .|ii .IKU J«S U 6S4
Orient Star, in contact with HC2HZ and WB2ZBL W.Wft/4 .. .. J4I M.I
w*t:o'r , , . M
.A 311 t tiM}
The tanker had developed a mechanical problem WKJJM H M* ilO «i2S
and persons aboard the ship desired consultation VY-v»W/K .. .. 'i'W 1* 4 1$ 617
with company officials. WB2ZBI was unsuccessful WMK>Y,, . 7KT IVM OS 3SS
KSUNA ... ,. .41J 49 15 St S63
in reaching anyone in New York CUy and finally WftVNO .. . . 3 246 U 54?
had to call the company's Texas office before the WAUIM . ... ?!*» 10 533
phone patch could be arranged, WIPM 169 3S 5 JO
?60 1 529
In the meantime, PY2DBN had drifted and WiMPX . , , , 145 12 511
became lost in the QKN and QRM. WA5BHT, who kMNK .. , „ 14 M 219 11 Sll
McirivTlwi-Onv Operator bOtfton
had also been monitoring the frequency was KJOI.I ... ;4* I1C *74
successful in re-establishing contact with the BPLfar 10(1 cit nvtrt <»ngifMdi«i»-plo*-4Hivtfttt
stricken ship and soon had the necessary parties UHftDKVM.l W20V. 1 3ft KSKMU lu*
back together* Finally the patch was completed MHi * 231 WN4HM1 1M WAtKZL I0S
and presumably the tanker continued into port. - WA4MKH W A 4Mb n 30 K4LUV/1 10)
tt'HOAMH ivjVVMN JIV W9KHJ I0J
WA2KU. Vr tWT AAV»MMV us WA8UW1. Jul
u \kv vk ne> W^i-UN 111 WAtfVYV 101
While testing a new 2 meter mobile rig on the *6Ml.t Ib9 WAUMI MO Late RepnrU;
WAb&Y'l IS* WA0OKJ 10* Vfc.1 RO rArfH.l 1.45
evening of March 31, WA2BAN discovered a rather H AtHXA I4S WJ1IK 106 •WA?FlQ<t«h,> 1CM»
large and tfeeminly uncontrollable fire in K.3NSN J 06
Whippany, N.J. WB2WID In Livingston was called HI'L MeddHan» tiee JuK, 196* Q3i\ p. havebeen
on the air and the necessary authorities were dujrcttd tv the luNo^ms aitufcun ilncc l*t rwiCHV lictincft:
notified, - WA2BAN, BC Livingston, NJ. K9AVU. * Laced llUuitmfly 111 May Q&T vWAJHU
l lw &PI. b oiwutn a\\ «K»ntmr« in Ihv United.Stqtot.
About mid- February * the St£c of Georgia* t'uwfai and U.S. pniMsiimt fkhu t«|xtvl tr» their HTM «
WA4WQU, was contacted by W4PLE of the North m?i»pt total of SOU nr a turn of »ndrution and delivery
Mori da Amateur Radio Society and was asked to point* of I do ur OKir« lor ati> idlautur munch. All tnt
niufat bt funded on n<iiat«urfireqvcnci«iwithin 4S Huiin <if
assist in setting up a communications network for a rvirlpt in &tandird ARKI tunn.
scientific group during the eclipse of the sun on
March 7*
The net was to extend from Perry, Ha., In the Amateurs in Perry and Tallahassee, Ma«, were
northwest part uf the state, to Jesup, Ga., along also assisting the eclipse observation. In addition to
the path of the total eclipse. It was learned that all supplying local weather information, which
of the observation sites would be in isolated areas assisted in determining the best observation areas,
and that mobile units or portable units with various data oil the eclipse was also passed by
emergency power would be necessary. It was amateur radio. Mainly, 75-meters was used from
decided the ideal situation was to have both a about 1030 GMT until 2000 when the eclipse had
mobile and a fixed station available at each site in passed, Ijix amateurs from Taylor County were
case one or the other failed. involved.-WA4GHE, EC Taylor County, Fla.
Nnwthe problem was to get enough man-power On -March 7, five amateurs of Monrpe and
to do the job. An announcement was made on the Lenawee. Counties in Michigan assisted the
Georgia SSB Net, giving all the details of what was Wolverine Chapter, Boy Scouts of America, in
needed* The response was fantastic; in two days all holding a road rally. Amateurs were used as
the necessary personnel were available, with check-points along the r»ute to ensure that no
enough alternates to assign extra operators to most trouble developed and also reported arrival and
observation sites. departure times to the judges. -WA8EFK, AEC
Most of the communications crew were on Dundee* Mich,
the air Saturday morning to provide weather data During the Easter Holidays, members of the
to the staging area of the observation teams in Tampa Amateur Radio Club teamed up with
Jacksonville, Ma. Weather was disappointing but
at 0700 the caravan of ten buses, a score of private Tampa Chapter of the American Red Cross in an
cars and several amateur mobile units departed for effort to send Easter greeting by amateur radio,
Waycross, Ga. By the time Waycross was reached, with the emphasis being placed on military
though, the weather had begun to break. Although personnel overseas. The MARS station at MacDill
the weather wasn't perfect and the scientific group Air Porce Base was contacted and all groups
had missed some of the eclipse because uf the cooperated to make the operation a success. About
cloud cover, the operation was considered reason" twelve amateurs took part in various capacitiea.
ably successful. About twenty-one Georgia The operators were not strangers to handling
amateurs participated in communications for the tremendous loads of traffic; for the most part this
sun watch. -WA4WQU, SEC Georgia. was the same gang that operates W4DUG at the
Florida State Fair each year, which usually

June 1970 77
accounts for something; like 3000 message prevent "junk" traffic from cluttering up our nets.
originations. The Easter program wasn't quite that And still others feel that relaying Is the "bread and
large, but it was a popular operation, and plans arc butter" of traffic handling and that no special
underway to make a year-round service available. credit should be given for originating and deliver-
-W4BJVE. ECHiUsborovgh County, FUl ing. Some opinion is that giving extra credit for
When we start going down hill, we really do a originations and deliveries, especially the latter,
good job of it. Forty-one February SEC reports would unduly favor those living in or near large
were received, two fewer than last month's low cities.
ebb. AREC participants were up slightly to 14,524, All kinds of opinions are available. All you have
This is two reports down from February, 1969 to do is ask around. If the sentiment blew strong} y
when ff>,059 AREC members were reported* Let in one direction, there would be cause for concern,
hope we do better during March, or the Wouff- and possibly some action. As it is, only small
Hong is gonna get a real work-out. Sections handfuls seem to be dissatisfied and the great
reported: Ala, Alta, Ariz, Ark, BC, Colo* Conn, "silent" majority is happy with the counting
EFlft, ENY, EMass, EP&, Ind, Iowa, Kans, Mar, system and BPL requirements now being observed.
Mich. Nebr, Nev, NMex, NU, NNi, NTex, Ohio, The indication at present is "status quo." Let's
Okla, Ont, Org, Oreg. Que, SF, Bask, SDak, SNJ, hope it stays that way.- WINJM*
STex« Tenn, Utah, Va, Wash, WFla, WMass, WNY, National Traffic SytfnrL Not many comments from the
Wftu manaftrt this numth, an well catch up a bit on certificate
tauatiufe that, because of space (Imitation*, have not
prevtouslv been heralded here- K2K1K h» bsued FAN
Traffic Talk certificate! fur IM9tosWU BJU KMG NJM WCC YKQ ZPH,
Lots of discussion on traffic subjects in the KUfcSUPKb Mil, WAIs Hit H*N. W2s l it GKZ MTA PU
mail, these days. The one for this month has to do QC ZRC ZVW K2KYH* WAte BHN HI V OAL, WB2* OYF
KKK SMD, W3S EMI, LOS NKM.4 K3* HKK MVO, WA3a IPU
with the counting of originations and deliveries. iVlJf W4sfcVNIKfc NIC Uy SQQ feJKUP,KSCAO/I. tfSs
Not the slightest bit surprised are we to find F.kU IMI 1XJ PMJ SOO, R8KMO. WAS* POS TYF,
that those who originate a lot of traffic feel that W0UCE/3, VF2RRD, VT.U AWV RZB CYB DHCi KRN and
more credit should be given for originations, while <il. Mne joh, men* tit id sorry it took Ions t° to those.
Over on 1KN, Wll'R has nude laausinm to KiUAT, WAl*
those who deliver a lot feel we don't give enough FBI onr1 HSJ l<!Ut WRIs FKH TUT VPR and 2PK.
emphasis (or credit) for deliveries. Certain of the WMCVY 4ud WRB2V/4 got 4ftN wallpaper from manager
high-volume traffickers feel that the brunt of the W4SHJ, W7B0 reports tHebrattng hb eighth Hnnlwrwy at
traffic handling load Is undertaken by the relayers. the helm nf RN7, W9HKY li*» *ent certificates t<> K4QCCJ,
That's life. What you are doing is what you think is WA4VZZ, W9a CXY DND NXG OLW, k * AVQ HYV, WAVS
QKP RAK VZM WMT and WA0VKT/9. VF3KRU, ft I In® the
most important - otherwise you wouldn't be doing report tar iww Kl'N manager VUGI, nays that net It a*
it, right? But the world turns on differences of pitched to for the early *pnmnt prnhnhly for the
opinion, and we have a turning world in traffic duration «T daylight win* time, K7N11L rut*I* In finally
circles. having achieved a perfect "mmioiu held" month on TWN. In
the true uplrlt of an KN manuf^r. though, Bnh l«nt nati«ned;
The leoon* of history are always valuable, nuvrhe^gunnlnifor perfect section representation,
often ignored. Early^STfc show messages handled
but the BPL, when it appeared, showed no March report*.
breakdown-; we assume a message was a message, Set S^.ttinnx Traffic Ritte
whether it was originated, relayed or delivered, and 'it*
that each such function counted as one message 3013 i . m 64,4 07.8
. 31 1240 J .0H0 40.U too.o
handled. Not until the late l o t did the BPI- start Jl 1471 1.135 47.5 <1K M
to show a breakdown into originations, deliveries JKN . hi ti?^ .2MA 10.2
and relays* with the latter counting two for each :KN . 62 543 .759
relay - one for receiving, one for sending. At first a JKN 4? 541 .402
straight 100 qualified for BPL, but this -wo* soon 4KN , 51 474 .377 79.(1
raised to 200 or fifty deliveries -- a delivery being KNS « I » « .
« A1K 10.0
. 02 114.% .71)7 18,4 rnnji
any message received for delivery, whether or not RN7 . . . . . 62 J73 6.0 47,3
any extra effort was subsequently involved- In the 712 .4H4 u.s
early 30* the BPL requirement was raised to 500, VRN Oftl .sni 1 L0
or 100 deliveries. Then, In 1936, there suddenly "i EN 521 • SU1 «.4 HO.U
appeared, without any explanation, a new column IlCH • 175 |"JH
:J26 M.2
in the BPL called "extra delivery credits." These Sections1 . . . 2026 6,0
were extra credits for delivery where the latter was TCC Eastern 154* 1004
accomplished by extra effort. r a : Central Hi I
In 1?49, the categories were changed. Origina- TCf Pacific . . ii4* 1W3
tions remained' the same, but what were formerly Summary . , . 2?St 2f\H?4 HAN
Hrcmd . . t , JI2V JX 737 IA2V 14.2
classed as "deliveries" became part of a new
"received" category, and what were formerly
classed as "extra delivery credits" became "deliver* 1 Section and liical nets rvportins (64): LP A, Pi'lN,
te*." The "received** category included att message H.PAKPTN i Pa.); QKH (Kan*.); AKNB, .AkND, AliNH.
received by radio, and the "relayed" category were AfcNU, AbNT (ALL>; SSZ. 017. fOltb.i: NJEPTN, NJAN,
the messages relayed to another station. Each NJN* NJSN, PVTEN (NJJ; GN, V£N, CJhN, m*N, TPTN,
category counted as one point, 500 total or SO or NHN.AI'MTN" (i U^V, CK AJtbU/KACKS, BN, OifN, BCLN,
more "delivered" required for BPL, The following OSSM OL'kN (Ohio); CCN (ColoM OMN* WSSB (Mich.);
year the BPL requirement was changed to permit Nt^N, SCN (CaL); WMN (Mass.); MSFN, Mlntu 40 t.'W, MSN,
adding deliveries to originations for a total of 100 MJN (Minn.); CNL, CNL (N. * S. uw.i; VN, VSBN (Vz.)\
WSS (Wa&h.): OIN (ind,): FCATN (Ky.); WSRN, HWN,
or more for BPL. and that's where the requirement WSSN, WIN, HKN (Wise.); NYft (N.Y.); WVN (WV»-Ji H.N
still stands today. (WU\ MUCTN (Md.-Dtcj,); CN. CPN (Cornu; W, Our VIU;
Some traffic men feel we should give an extra ttSN (i>re,); oZk iArkj; GSN (Gaj; MTN (Man.); BUN
^Utah).
credit for originations, since there would be no *TCC fiinction&» not counted uw net mtttoas.
traffic it stations didn't originate some. Others feel
that we should discourage mass originations to (Confirmed on page 87)

78 QST for

FCCS REPEATER PROPOSALS - QRX
Docket 18803, FCC's proposals for regulation
of amateur repeaters (see p. 87, April QST)9 has a
comment deadline of May 15, with reply com-
ments due by June 1, The League's Board of
Directors met on May 1, after the normal deadline
for this issue, but highlights of their decisions
including that on Docket 18803 appear on p. 10 of
this issue. The text of the ARRL comments to
FCC on this matter will be in a later issue of QST*
GA. HAM PLATES FOR PICKUPS
With the increasing popularity of truck-
mounted "campers,** more and more people are
using the pickup tracks as private vehicles* In
Georgia, only passengers cars could qualify for call
letter license plates until this year. Bill Keating,
W4KE. reports that Act 1295 of the Georgia
Legislature which becomes effective July 1,197Q
will permit the special plates on "private passenger
pickup trucks, station wagons and cars/*
AMATEUR RADIO WEEKS
Amateur Radio Week In New Mexico was held
March 30 through April 5 by proclamation of its
Governor, David F. Cargo. Emergency communica-
tions and person-to-person goodwill were men-
tioned as seasons for the obsecVHice,
California's week - May 11 through 17 -
coincided with the joint ARRL Pacific and South-
western Divisions Convention at Fresno on the
15th through 17th. Governor Ronald Reagans1*
letter to the amateurs, forwarded to QST by Leon
Saroff, WB6YFT. commented un amateur com-
munications in time of floods, fires, hurricanes and
tornadoes and phone patches for servicemen as
reasons for the commendation of radio amateurs.
Many of the "wteks" will be observed June
21-27 which culminates in ARRL*s Annual Field
Day. Please be sure hq. is informed of any such
observance in your area.
The Boy Scouts of America have a relatively-new
program for high school boys and girls: specialty
Explorer Posts. The Radio Amateur Transmitting
Society of Nashville, Tennessee, sponsors Explorer
Post 15, specializing in ham radio. Here David
Rogers tries to copy a transmission while Beth
Guinn heckles. Pott Advisor is ARRL Delta
Division Director Max Arnold, W4WHN, It your
club Is suffering from "tired blood'1 or could use
an interesting project, you might contact your
local Scout office about the possibility of sponsor*
ing an Explorer Post in radio.
June 1970
the Month B B
THREE REQUESTS FOR RULEMAKING
In April we reported that bVC had turned
down three League requests in Docket 18540 as
"not germane" to its central issue, credit for
foreign licenses toward the two years needed for
Extra, and toward the 25 years needed by Extra
Class licensees for a two letter call.
Bach of these ideas - 1 x3-letter calls for Extras
regardless of tenure; reduction of the Extra Class
waiting period from two yeans to one: "grand-
fathering" of holders of the old Commerce Depart-
ment/Federal Radio Commission Extra First Class
license to the present Extra Class - has now been
reintroduced as a separate request for rulemaking.
Arguments used are essentially the same as those in
the earlier Tiling Ipage 91, October 1969 QST). A
similar petition combining the three proposals has
been filed by William K. Smith, WA3JHB,
AMATEUR LICENSES IN CANADA
Amateur licenses in force as of March 31 are
shown in the table below. For the second year in a
row, the number ut amateurs in Canada has
declined, presumably as a result of the increase in
license fees. Over the two-year period, when there
would normally be an increase of about 800 in
total strength, there has been instead a decrease of
about 600, Thus, it appears a net of some 1400
individuals have allowed their station licenses to
lapse because of the fee increases ($10 now, per
year, as opposed to $2.50 until 1968),
REGION 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
Pacific lb35 1711 1768 1777 1728
Western 1132 1138 1166 1108 1096
Central 1252 1231 1255 1163 1177
Ontario 4313 4472 4634 4523 4388
Que bee 2055 2169 2233 2157 2138
AHantfc 1306 J399 1446 1333 1379
TOTAL 11693 12120 12502 12061 11906
ARRL FIGHTS FEE INCREASE
Ihe League has filed comments with PCC in
Docket 18802, vigorously protesting the proposed
increase in license fee* in the amateur service (page
82* April QST.). I he action was authorized by the
I-ea£ue*s Executive Committee in a mail vote and
reflects member*1 comments - a ratio of about 25
to 1 against the fc? increases! Here's the text:
Before the
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
Washington, D. C, 20554
In the Matter of ) discourage tfie larger and more effective use of
Amendment of Subpart G of > radio are the field of amateur radio and the
Yvrt 1 of the Commission'* ) Docket
rules relating to the schedule > experimental use of frequencies. As stated here-
1HK02
of fee* >
To; The Commission
OPPOSITION AND COUNTERPROPOSAL
The American Radio Relay League, Incorpor-
ated, with more than 80,000 licensed United States
amateur radio operators ait member*, lint only
opposek the proposed increase in fees in the
Amateur Radio Service but ah» requests that the
present tee structure stud related practices he
revised to remove impediments to fulfillment of
the national policy uf encouraging the continued
growth und development of the Amateur Radio
Service.
In support whereof, the following Is respectfully
submitted:
Background
When the Commission first proposed in 1962 to
impose fees upon applications in the Amateur
Radio Service* the I*eague vigorously opposed the
proposal and cited, la support of its opposition*
Section 303 (g) of the Cntmnunicutions Act. t>f
1^34, a* amended, 44 USC Section 303 fg), and
Section 97.1 (then Section 12*0) of the Com-
mission's Rules. Section 3u3 (g) directs the Com-
mission, as the ^'public convenience, interest or
necessity requires/* to "study new uses for radio,
provide fur experimental use of frequencies, and
more generally encourage the larger and more
effective u*e of radio in the public interest."
Section 97.1 of the Rules provides:
97.1 Basis and purpose.
The rules and regulations in this part ate
designed to provide an amateur rttdio service
having a fundamental purpose as expressed in the
following principles:
(a) Recognition and enhancement of the value
of the amateur service to the public as a
voluhtary noncommercial communication ser-
vice, particularly with respect to providing emer-
gency communications.
(b) Continuation and extension of the ama-
teur's proven ability to contribute to the advan-
cement of the radio art.
<c) Encouragement and improvement nf the
amateur radio service through rules which p r o
vide for advancing skills in both the communi-
cation and technical phases of the art*
fd) Expansion of the existing reservoir within
the amateur radio service of trained operators,
technicians, and electronics experts,
(e> Continuation and extension of ihe ama-
teur's unique ability to enhance international
good will*
80
The validity of the concerns and arguments uf
the League and other amateurs who opposed the
proposal was recognized by the Com mission in its
Report and Order, 34 FCC 811 (1963), by which
the fee* were imposed:
With particular reference to amateur radio, it
is argued that tbe assessment of fee* will have the
effect of discouraging the experimentation and
technical development in radio which the Com-
mission has the responsibility of promoting
under Section 803(g) of the Communications
Act of 1984, as amended, Tn view of the
comments which were filed, we believe the two
areas in which the proposed fees may possibly
after in this Report and Order, we haw deter-
mined that it would be in the public interest to
revise generally the proposed fees for filing
applications in the Amateur Radio Service and to
dispense altogether with the proposed fee for
filing application for an experimental license.
These changes were effected, in part, as a result
of further reflection on the Commission's re-
sponsibility under Section 3O3G0, (Emphasis
supplied)
The $5.00 fee originally proposed for all applica-
tions in the Amateur Radio Service was eliminated
for Novice Class applications, and was reduced to
$7,00 for applications for a modification of license
and to $4.00 for all other applications. However,
the fee for a special call sign pursuant to Section
97.51 of the Rules was increased to $20,00.
The League continued to oppose the imposition
of fees by joining in an appeal to the United States
Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. The
lawfulness nf the fees was affirmed in Aeronautical
Radio, Inc., v. United States, 335 F 2d 304 U964),
cert, denied 379 U,S, 966:
Finally we do not agree with intervenor
American Radio Relay League that the imposi-
tion of fees upon amateur service is not within
the authority of Section 140 fnow 31 USC
Section 483al because many amateurs are en-
gaged in "the official business of the Govern-
ment", because some public service Is rendered,
and because an amateur radio license has no
"value to the recipient," The Commission took
the commendable puhiic service into considera-
tion in setting tbe nominal fee^^ and exempting
novices and those amateurs who participate
voluntarily in emergency communications net-
works. It also considered the possibility that a
greater fee might discourage the use of radio by
amateurs, and set the fee at a minimum so as not
to interfere with the purpose of the Communica-
tions Act^® to encourage and enlarge the use of
radio by amateurs in the public interest. And we
see no requirement in Section 140 that "value to
the recipient" need be pecuniary value. That is
but one of tbe factors that the Commission had
to take into account and as we have indicated
before,-the Commission may in its discretion
determine what weight should be placed on each
of the factors:
14por initial licenses and renewals, for five years,
the fee is $4.00 — for a modification of an ama-
teur license. 9?.00. A $20.00 fee is chanced for
special amateur cad signs.
IS 47 USC *303<ft) provides that the Commission
shall "generally encourage the larger and more eff-
ective use of radio in the public interest."
QST for
 The imtaot proceeding was initiated by a Notice
of Proposed Rule Making released February J 9,
1910 (VCC 70-188, J5 Federal Register 3815), in
which the Commission quoted follows from the
report of the House Appropriations Subcommittee
(Ilouse Report 91-316, June 19, 1969, pages 7 and
8):
The Committee also feels that fee charges
should be further reviewed and adjusted upward
with the objective of assuring that t t e activities
of ttie Commission are more nearly self-sustain-
ing* The Committee will expect a report on these
items during the budget hearings for 1971.
The Commission then quoted a# follows from the
report of the Conference Committee on the In-
dependent Office appropriations Bill, 1970 (House
Report 91-649, November 1H, 1969. page 6):
The committee of conference i* agreed that
the fee structure for the Commission should be
adjusted to fully support all its activities so that
taxpayers will not be required to bear any part
of the load in vfew of the profits regulated by
this agency. (Bmplwjis supplied)
The following fee schedule fc proposed for the
Amateur Radio Service:
Proposed Increase
Initial license, renewal and f $
new class operator license* . 9 5
Modification of license
without renewal 4 2
Modifications «f license
with renewal 9 5
Special call sign (plus other
applicable (Ve> 2b 5 amateur. Any increase in fees may he the "Straw
M in the putt, no fees would he required for
applications for the Novice Class, license applica-
tions for amateur stations under military auspices,
and applications filed in the Radio Amateur Civil
Emergency Service (RACES).
The contributions fo the Amateur Radio Service
to the public interest were discussed at some length
in the Leagued J 962 opposition to the original fee
proposal and in t.he Leagued brief in the Court
appeal and will hot be repeated here. In the
intervening years, the contributions have continued
and increased, Examples are the emergency com-
munications rendered during and following the
Good Friday earthquake in Alaska in 1964 and the
moat destructive hurricane on record, Hurricane
Camllle which devastated the Louisiana and Miss-
issippi coast on August 17, 1969, and the contin-
ued interest in space communications. The contri-
butions and importance of the Amateur Radio
Service was the subject of an extensive -ttudy by
the Stanford Research Institute, under sponsortihip
of the League, in 196$ and are reported by SRI in
"Amateur Radio: An International Resource for
Technological, Economic, and Social Develop-
ment", published in August 1966.
With this background, the instant proposal will
be examined.
The Fee Schedule Does Not Represent
The Actual Cost to Many Amateurs
The fee for a single application does not
represent the actual cost to a very high percentage
of amateurs, particularly those seeking to upgrade
t»r advance to a higher class.
In Fiscal Year 1969% 50,6S8 amateur examina-
tions were given, of which 25,294 (49.9%) were
June 1970
before a Commission employee. Of the latter,
3,675 (40.7%) applicants for General, 544 (4.6%)
applicants for Advanced/ and 1,208 (27.2%)
applicants for Amateur Extra Class failed the code
test. Of those taking the written test, 1,016
(18.9%) General, 2,736 (27.4%) Advanced, and
889 (27.6%) Amateur Extra Class failed. Licenses
were issued to 48.1% of the General, 72.2% of the
Advanced, and 52.8% of the Amateur Extra Clara
applicants' Although figures are not available, it is
known that some passed the code test only on the
second or third attempt.
A single fee of $4.00, or even $9.00, may not
appear to be significant t o many. But to the school
boy - the greatest single source of uew amateurs —
even $4.00 sometimes can be substantial* This is
particularly so when it is remembered that exam-
inations are given more frequently than quarterly
only in the Commission^ field offices, which are
located In only 30 cities throughout the United
5tates, including Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico,
quarterly in only 31 cities, semiannually in only 15
cities, and annually in only 12 cities. The cost of
obtaining a General or higher class of license often
involves more than Just the application fee because
a high percentage of applicants must travel substan-
tial distances just to have the opportunity to pay a
fee for an examination he has only a 50% chance
of pausing.
But that is not alll If an amateur desires to
advance to a higher class under the incentive
license plan adopted by the Commission in 1967,
the same procedure must be followed and the same
expenses incurred at least one more time.
The end result is art extremely heavy financial
burden upon many seeking to become a radio
that breaks the camels back".
The Fears That Pees Might Weaken The
Amateur Radio Service Have Been Realized
As shown earlier in these comments, the Com-
mission recognised the poroWHty that imposition
of fees might weaken the Amateur Radio Service.
That concern Mas well founded.
tfinc* fees were first imposed, on March L7„
1964. the rate of growth of the Amateur Radio
Service has declined* Although other factors un-
doubtedly have contributed to this condition,
every indication is that fees have played a most
important role. The decrease in the rate of growth
is apparent from the following statistics for the last
eleven fiscal years:
Licenses Applications
Year on June 30 During Year
1969 191,493 102,942
1980 212,107 1U6,4B8
1961 216,720 116.884
1962 230,459 123.777
1963 247,603 117,671
1964 266,237 117,799
1965 268,681 119,431
108,747
1966 267,602
1967 267,935 121,490
.1968 260,294 130,666
1969 262,062 131,606
Tlie increase in the number of llcentex In 1968 and
1969 is attributed in part to the extension of the
lMotft applicants for the Advanced Class received
credit for ntaving passed the code test when obtain-
ing a General Class license,
2The figures for written tests failed and total lic-
ensee issued are approximate, but representative,
because of the time lag in processing*
81
term of Novice licenses from one to two year*. The
Increase in the number of applications in those
years reflects the incentive license program which
became effective iate in 1967.
Amateurs and prospective amateurs range in agr
from schoolboys of 7 to retired persons of 70 and
older. There are perhaps 5,000 handlcappcd ama-
teurs - blind, or confined to beds, wheelchairs, or
Iron lungs. Many amateurs and prospective ama-
teurs have only a minimal income, and some have
none. Upon them, any increase in fees will be most
oppresive.
The available information supports the con-
clusion that any increase in fees Hill be most
harmful to the maintenance of * sound and healthy
Amateur Radio Service.
A Fee Increase (s Incompatible With
The Incentive Licensing Program
Perhaps the most controversial of all amateur
radio policy and rule making proposals was the
incentive licensing program adopted by the Com-
mission on August 24, 1M67, and effective on
November 22, 1967. (Docket No. 15928, 9 frCC
2d 814) That proposal was initiated by a series of
rule making petitions (RM-37&, 470, 480 and 481),
the first filed on October 26, J 962, followed by a
petition of the league (RM-499) Tiled on October
I» 1963. In response to a notice of proposed rule
making issued on April 1, 1965, over 1,700 formal
comments representing the views of organized
amateur groups and about 4,000 licensees were
received and considered. In its Keport and Order
adopting the program, the Commission said:
5* To support its proposal for an incentive
licensing program, the Commission stated in its
notice I of proposed rule making! that revision
of the present license operating porivelege struc-
ture is an appropriate and desirable step to take
at this time to insure progress and to place a
proper emphasis upon the quality of the service,
as well as upon its mere numerical growth and
activity. „, .Accordingly, the Commission con-
cludes that a program providing for licenses with
special privileges as an incentive to the general
"upgrading" of licenses is in the public interest
and should be adopted.
Under the incentive licensing program, an ama-
teur is not eligible to even apply for the highest
grade with the greatest privileges, the Amateur
Extra Class, until he has held an amateur Con-
ditional, General or Advanced Class license for at
least two years (with certain exceptions). The
Amateur Extra Class license is issued only after
having passed an examination conducted by a
Commission employee. Thus, an amateur who
obtains the highest grade of license must have
taken and passed at least two examinations.
A substantial number of League members, in
correspondence to their Directors and to Head-
quarters, have expressed the opinion that the
proposed increase in fees is incompatible with the
incentive licensing program. They have noted (I )
that at least two examinations are required to
progress to the highest grade, (2) the high failure
rate, and {$) the additional financial burden
imposed by travel to an examination point*
The League has supported the incentive licensing
program since its inception, even at the loss of the
membership of some who opposed the program.
The League wants to continue to support the
program. However, if the cost of obtaining the
highest grade of license Is priced beyond the reach
82
of a significant number of amateurs, the League
may be required by its membership to re-examine
its position.
Amateurs Should Not be Required
To Support Other Commission Services
The revised fee schedule is intended to increase
the amount of fees collected from approximately
$4,5 million to $24.9 million, the total of the
Commission^ budget request for the fiscal year
ending June 30, iS71- In response to requests for
further Information, the Commission issued a
Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making on March
4, 1970 (bCC 70-239, 35 Federal Register 4307),
in which it gave the following breakdown of
activity costs:
Percent of Total
Activity Cost Budget Request
Broadcast $ y,661,200 SUM
Cable Television 1,145,400 4.6
Chief Engineer 323,700 1.3
Common Carrier 4,631,400 18.6
Field Engineering 1,394,800 5.2
Safety ft Special
Radio 7,843,600 31. S
The Commission explained that "the costs of
activities of the Field Engineering Bureau are
distributed among Broadcasting, Common Carrier,
and Special and Safety SefVicts in the proportion
nf activity devoted to each service."
Although the amount of fees collected from the
Amateur Radio Service during fiscal Year 1969
was not available at the time these comments were
p r e p a r e d ^ ft is known that only '20,184 of the
131,605 applications received during that year
were for Novice licenses for which no fees were
charged. Assuming a fee of $4.00 per application
other than Novice, the total was $445,648. Al-
though some applications were for modifications
for which the fee was only $2.00, others were for
two letter call signs at $20.00 per request. Assum-
ing a 125% increase in fees and no decrease in the
number of applications, approximately $1,003,000
or 4.03% of the entire cost of the Commission's
operation, will be paid hy the Amateur Radio
Service]
Although a self-supporting Commission is a
laudable objective, the cost should be divided
among alt of those being served, not just among
some. The 35th Annual Report for Fiscal Year
1969 shows that 24,117 applications were received
from the Public Safety. Services, and that 64,743
fixed and 667,350 mobile transmitters were
licensed to those services. In spite of the most
substantial services rendered, not one dollar was
collected in fees! Section 1.1117(h) of the Rules
specifically exempts applications in the Police,
< Mre, Forestry-Conservation, Highway Mainten-
ance, Local Government, State Ciuard, Hospitals,
Disaster Relief Organizations, Keach Patrols,
School Buses, non-profit Ambulance Operators and
Rescue Organizations, Civil Air Patrol, Aeronau-
tical Kadfonavigation, Aeronautical Search and
Rescue, and Closed Circuit Educational Television
Services. Nor are fees required for ship inspections
pursuant to the C«reat Lakes Agreement, The
Safety of Life at Sea Convention, and Parts 11 and
111, Title Ul, of the Communications Act of 1*>34,
^Should figures become available from the Com-
mission. this analysis will be revised by a supp-
lement to these comments.
QST for
as amended. Yet the costs of administering all of high percentage of failures even among well pre-
these services are included in the cost of operating pared applicants*
the Safety srnd Special Radio Services Bureau. The When an applicant passes the code examination
desire of Congress, as expressed in the tw» reports but later fails the written examination, he should
d t e d earlier in these comments, that the Com- receive credit for the code element if he seeks
mission be "more nearly ftelfHiufttalning" and that reexamination within the next twelve months.
"taxpayers.. .not be required to bear any part of Such a procedure will reduce the work load upon
the load in view of the profits regulated by this the Commission employee-examiner. The savings
agency " f appears not only to have been misinter- to the Commission by following such a procedure
preted by the Commission in its attempt to will justify the elimination of an entirely new fee
become c o m p l e t e l y self-sustaining, but also to for reexamination within the next twelve month
exceed the authority to impose and collect fees period. A simple, fool-proof receipt or certificate
bestowed by Title V of the Independent Offices can he given at the time the code examination is
Appropriations Act of IM5?, 31 USC Section 483a, passed for surrender when reexamination on the
This question did not arise when fees were first written elements is requested.
proposed in 1963 because there was no attempt to Another frequent complaint to the League
use collections from one service to pay for services concerns the high speed 30 words per minute code
rendered to another or non-fee paying service. test for the Amateur Extra Class license. Many of
There is yet another reason why the fees now those eligible for that examination learned to copy
proposed may be excessive. The 35th .Annual code on a typewriter, either in training as a
Report for Fiscal Year 1969 reports that at least military or commercial operator or because of
1,816 monetary forfeitures (fines) were imposed handwriting slowness or legibility. However, the
by various bureaus during that year. The umount general practice has been not to permit use of a
to be received from payment of forfeitures appears typewriter for the code test because of distraction
not to have hern considered in preparing the to others copying by hand. Although this is a valid
proposed fee schedule. concern, a rerun of the tape of the automatic code
machine will take not more than five minutes or so
There Is No Indication That The Value and can be done while the examiner is receiving the
To The Amateurs Has Been Considered handwritten papers of the first run. Such a pro-
cedure will encourage some to seek to attain the
Even though the Court held in Aeronautical highest grade of license as contemplated by the
Radio that the "value to the recipient" need not be incentive licensing program, and will increase the
pecuniary value, it is respectfully submitted that percentage of applicants passing the tent, thereby
there will he no additional value to the Amateur reducing the overall and final cost of acquiring that
Radio Service by a 125% increase in fees. No new grade of license.
examination procedures, no new examination
points, no increase in monitoring and enforcement, The Commission is urged to consider these and
and no new call-sign privileges are contemplated* other ways to reduce both its own workload and
When fees were first proposed in I9o2, both the the actual cr*t to enter and advance in the rauks of
Commission and the Court recognized that any but the Amateur Radio Service.
a nominal fee upon amateurs would exceed the
authority bestowed by the statute. If the fees Conclusions
imposed in 1962 were marginal, any increase must The League and thousamk of its members are
be excessive and unlawful. justly and gravely concerned that any increase in
fee* will bring about a decline of the Amateur
Radio Service which always has received the active
Present Examination Procedures Should support of Congress and the regulatory agencies
Be Revised Or Certain Fees Abolished under the national policy. Their concern is based
One of the must frequent complaints to the upon the record since fees were first imposed six
League is the manner in which Commtssion- years ago. In fact, that record fully supports a
enn ducted examination procedures are admini- reduction or elimination of the present fees or, in
stered. the alternative, a revision of certain practices and
Kxaminations are given in two parts, one a code procedures to offset the adverse impact of the fees.
test and the other a written test on theory, The Commission is respectfully requested to not
operation and rules. Usually, but not always, the adopt the proposed fee schedule for the Amateur
code test is given before the written test. If an Radio Service but to reexamine and make less
applicant first fails the code test, he is not burdensome the present fee schedule.
permitted to take the written test or the written Respectfully submitted,
test previously given is discarded, even though his The American Radio Relay
$4.00 fee is intended to include a complete League, incorporated
examination. If he passes the code test and then By Robert M. Booth, Jr.
fails the written test, he receives no document April 20,1970 its General Counsel
showing that he passed the code test. His only
recourse is to come back at a later date and follow
the same procedure after having paid another fee.
This practice is both unfair to the applicant and
expensive to the Commission. Code examinations ARE YOU LICENSED?
must be given and the papers graded by the * When joining the League or renewing
examiner, while the written examinations are your membership. It is important t h a t
graded at the Commission^ Gettysburg offices. you show whether you have an amateur
Code examinations frequently are given under far operator license. Please state your call
from ideal conditions, with poor acoustics, uncom- and/or the claaa of operator license held,
fortable tables or arm-desk type school chairs, and that we may verify your classification.
unfamiliar surroundings. Almost without excep-
tion, the applicant is nervous. The end result is a

June 1970 L
83
 COMING
ROCKY MOUNTAIN DIVISION CONVENTION
Estes Park, Colorado June 13-14,1970
The A,R,R.U Rocky Mountain Division Con-
vention will be held Saturday and Sunday, June 13
and 14, at the Elkhorn Lodge. Planned activities
include an fm repeater meeting; MARS meetings,
ew contests, technical talks by Bill Orr. W6SAI, of
Eimac and Yardlcy Beers, W0JF, of the National
Bureau of Standards, ARRL open forum, DX
forum. Traffic forum, League Officials meeting,
and the formation meeting of the Colorado
Council of Amateur Radio Clubs* League Head-
quarters will be represented by Ed Tilton, W1HDQ,
and Dick Baldwin, WUKE.
The convention sponsored by the Denver Radio
Club will have the club station, W0OUI, on the air.
A portable repeater will he set up on
14634-146.94 Mc. fm courtesy of the Rocky
Mountain Radio League. Leading manufacturers
and distributors will be represented with displays
uf the latest equipment.
Saturday night will feature an informal chuck
wagon steak dinner. The main luncheon on Sunday
will feature a program of general interest
YL activities will be handled by the Colorado
YLs and will include a Saturday luncheon, after-
noon bingo and tea, and an evening fashion show.
AU activities are for all YLs.
Convention headquarters is the Elkhorn Lodge;
special rate is $9.00 per person. For reservations
write direct to the Elkhorn Lodge* Box 1560, Estes
Park, Colorado 80517. Convention registration is
$4.00 before June I and $5.00 after June 1. The
chuck wagon is $4.50 and the luncheons are $3.00.
Self-contained trailers and campers may be parked
at the lodge and use all the lodge facilities for
$4.50 per family per day. Your registration, meals
and camping may be put on your Master Charge or
BankAmcricard.
For tickets and information write to the Denver
Radio Dub Convention Committee, 13540 E.
Center Avenue, Aurora, CO 80010 or call
366-R29Z
OREGON STATE CONVENTION
Bend, Oregon June 19-21
The 29th Oregon Amateur Radio Association
Convention will be held in Bend, Oregon on June
19-20-21. Convention site is Pilot Rutte Junior
High School, 1500 E» Penn St.
The ARRL Hq. will be represented by Dick
Baldwin, WllKE, also Division Director, Bob
Thurston, W7PGY, and Oregon SCM, Dale Justice,
K7WWR-
There will be commercial displays, special
contests, swap shop, tours, xmtr hunt, and
smorgasbord banquet on Sunday (AU you can
eat!). Meetings include: ARRL, OEN, AREC, BSN,
RACES, NTS, MARS. A Wouff Hong initiation is
planned for ARRL members Saturday, at the
stroke of midnight!
A large area Adjacent to the convention ante is
being set aside for trailer and camper parking. The
84
CONVENTIONS
charge is $2 per unit per night. For those who
enjoy mountain tops, a Saturday noon luncheon is
scheduled for Mt. Bachelor Ski area. A $2 ticket
includes lunch, chair lift to 8000 feet and trans-
portation if needed.
The cost of the Convention, which includes
registration, banquet and all activities at the
Convention Site is as follows: Pre-Registration (to
June 1) $10.50, Registration $12.00, Non-
Amateurs $6.00. Vox tickets write to Cora Conven-
tion Committee, P.O. Box 723, Bend, Oregon
97701,
WEST VIRGINIA STATE CONVENTION
Jackson's MDL W. Virginia July 44,t970
The Twelfth Annual West Virginia State ARRL
Convention will be held July 4 & 5 at Jackson's
MilL The Mill is located near Weston, West Va. and
is a natural for a family outing. Activities are
planned for the whole family. The West Virginia
Outstanding Amateur Award presentation, ARRL
meeting, DX, vhf, ssb, RTTY, PON, cw contest,
RACES, MARS, YLRL, SWOOP, swap & shop, Ilea
mart, transmitter building contest, distributors
displays of the latest amateur equipment, radio
controlled model aircraft demonstration, special
entertainment for the YLs and XYLs on Saturday
afternoon and much more. Something different for
the Saturday night activities: a family type stage
show will commence at 9:00 P.M. and will be
climaxed with a gala fireworks display.
Special permission has been granted again this
year for a temporary assignment of the call letters
W8WVA to be assigned at the convention site.
Under the direction of Delf Norona, WA8NDY and
Mary Jane Norona, WA8WCK, this station will be
operating on approximately 3995KIIZ.
Pull registration includes lunch and dinner
Saturday, dormitory lodging, breakfast and lunch
Sunday and registration fee. '"Early Bird" full
registration unto June 30, $9.00. After June 30,
and at the Mill $10.00. Convention registration
only, $2.50. For tickets and full registration write
to West Virginia State Radio Convention, Rt. 3,
Box 287 Bridgeport, West Virginia 26330.
(Continued on page 87}
COMING A.R.JLL. CONVENTIONS
June 13-14 - Rocky Mountain Division,
Estes Park, Colorado.
June 19-21 - Oregon State, Bend.
July 4-5 - West Virginia State, Jackson
Mills.
July 18-19 - West Gulf Division, Orange,
Texas.
September 19-20 - Georgia State, Augusta*
September 25-27 - NATIONAL, Boston,
Mass.
October 17-18 - Hudson Division,
Tarry town, N.Y.
OcL31/Nov.l - Roanoke Division, Raleigh,
N.C
QST for
 I* JmL#!EL« ews
INTERNATIONAL AMATEUR RADIO UNION. THC GLOBAL FEOCRATION OF NATIONAL NON-COMMtRCtAL AMATEUR
RADIO SOCIKTICS FOR THE PROMOTION AftQ CO-ORDINATION OF TWO-WAY AMATEUR RAOKO COMMUNICATION

SLOW-SCAN FROM VK
The Wireless Institute of Australia advisee that
slow-ecan or narrowband TV has been approved
by the Post Master Generals Department for use on
all amateur bands as presently authorized in
Australia. Standards to be used are entirely at the
discretion of the amateur, although bandwidth of
emissions shall not exceed that of an A3 single
sideband or double sideband signal.
Where A3 and AS emissions are used simulta- I« v ^ ^ V H I U I
•••hi u u i a j i s ^
i
.. .• • <<••

neously oil the same carrier frequency, the total

bandwidth shall not exceed that of an A3 double
sideband emission. Identification is to be by call
sign in visual form on televised picture and by
telegraphy on telephony sound channel*

CONTEST
The Ractia Club Venezolano invites amateurs to
participate in the 1970 contest commerating the
This is a booklet to promote amateur radio interest
I59th Anniversary of the independence of in Denmark, neatly produced by the Eksperime**-
Venezuela. The contest period start* at 0004) GMT terende Danske Radtoamatorer.
Saturday, July 4, and ends at 2400 GMT Sunday,
July 5, Complete details are available from the are apparently call-sign errors, or illegal stations.
Radio Club Venezolano^ Concurso Independencia AC3PT advisesi4KiY that AC2* 4, and 5 are not
de Venezuela, PO Box 2285, Caracas, Venezuela.Currently on the air, and that AC3PT is the only
active AC3 station.
WIA ADOPTS PROJECT AUSTRAUS The Association des Radios-Amateurs de
Project Australia, organized in 1965 at Monaco reports an unusual arrangement for direct-
Melbourne University, is a group of amateurs mail delivery of QSLs to Monacan amateurs. As a
dedicated to the design and construction of special service to amateurs, the postal authorities
amateur satellites* The recent Australis-Oscar 5 will forward all mail addressed to the call sign
spacecraft was their initial project. only! Of course, cards coming from other countries
Project Australia has now become an official should include "Monaco" as part of the address
activity of the Wireless Institute of Australia. WIA since other postal administrations might not get
president VK3K1 commented, " I believe that the the message
institute can play an important part in ensuring the
QSL BUREAUS OF THE WORLD
success of this important activity, particularly by
providing a firm base upon which the project may For delivery of your QSLs to foreign amateurs,
continue to grow, and by the provision of an simply mail cards to the bureau of the proper
administrative facility that is now much needed 1 country as listed below. Cards for territories and
believe also that the Institute will itself benefit possessions not listed separately may be mailed to
much from this closer association with a very the bureau in the parent country: cards for
worthwhile object." VP8s go to RSGB in Great Britain, W, K, Vli and
VO stations only may send foreign cards for which
NOTES
The Amateur Radio Society of India reminds
amateurs that VU2 is the only allocated prefix for
Indian amateurs. ARSI says that QSLs are fre-
quently addressed to VU1 or VIJ3 stations. These

fARlf/ARRL vice-president W5NW is shown opera-

ting as VK2BKM. The tube collection in the photo
is that of VK2NS and includes one "valve" owned
by Ross Hull in 1925, which had its filament
lighted for the first time in 42 years to celebrate
Soupy's visitl

June 1970
no bureau is listed to ARAL. See "How's DX?" for
QSL information on specific stations.
AJgeria:ARA QSL Service, P.O. Box 2, Algier R.P.
Angola: LARA, P.O. Box 484, Luanda
Antarctica: KC4AA cards go to the Office of
.Antarctic Programs, National Science Founda-
tion, Washington DX\ 20550. KC4US cards gu
to K1NAP, COMCBLANT, USN, CBCEN, Davis-
ville, iL Greenwich, R.I. 02854
Argentina: RCA, CarlosCalvo 1424, Buenos Airos,
BA
Austral/French Antarctic Lands: via Malagasy Re-
public
Australia: VK1, VK2 QSL Bureau, Wl A Box 1734,
GPO Sydney, N.S.W. 2001: VK3 QSL Bureau, £.
Trebilcock. 340 Gillie* Street, Thorn bury, Vic.
3071; VK4 QSL Bureau, H. Scholz,95 Stephens
St.* Morningside, Brisbane, Qld.. 4170; VK5,
VK8, QSL Bureau, Mr- Geo- Luxon, VKSRX, 27
Bel air Road, West Mitcham, S. Au&t. 5062; VK6
QSL Bureau, Mr. J, Rumble, VK6RU, Box F319,
CPO Perth, W.A. 6001; VK7 QSL Bureau, Mr- J.
Batchelor, V K7J B, 34 Willowdene Avenue,
Lower Sandy Bay, TAS.; VK9, VK0, Federal
QSL Bureau, 23 Landale Street, Box Hill, 11
Victoria.
Austria: OSVSV, Box 999, Vienna 1/9
Azores: via Portugal
Bahama Islands: BAAS, Box 6004, Nassau
Bahrein: (All MP4) ian Cable. MP4BBW, P.O. Box
425, A wall
Barbados: ARSB, Highgate Signal Station. Flag-
staff Rond, St. Michael
Belgium: UBA, Po&tbox 634, Brussels 1
Bermuda: RSB, Box 275, Hamilton
Bolivia: UCB, Casilla 2111, La Paz
Brazil: LABRfc, P.O. Box 2353-ZC OO, Rio de
Janeiro/GB
ttnlxaria: CRCB, Box 830, Sofia
Burundi: via Congo (9Q5) QSL Bureau
Canada: See ARRL QSL Bureau
Canal Zone: Gloria N. Spears, KZ5GS, Box 407,
Balboa
Cape Verde Island: RCCV, CR4AA, Praia, Sao
Tiago
Ceylon: RSC, Bnx 9<ff, Colombo
Chagos: via Mauritius
Chile: RCC, P.O. Box 13630, Santiago
Colombia: LCRA> P.O. Box 584, Bogota
Congo: (TN8) QSL Bureau, P.O. Box
Brazzaville
Congo: (9Q5) UCAR, QSL Bureau, &P, 374K,
EHzabethville
Cook Island: ZKl QSL Bureau, ft-Radio Station
Rarotonga, Rarotonga
Costa Rica: RCCFt, Box 2412. San Jose
Cuba: ANRAC QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 6*96,
Havana
Cyprus: CARS QSL Bureau. KO. Box 216,
Famagusta
Czechoslovakia: CRC,Box 69, Prague 1
tJenmark: FDR QHL»Central, Harry Sorensen,
OZ6HS, Ingstrup-9480-Lokken
Dominican Republic: RCD, P.O. Box 1157, Santo
Domingo
Ecuador: GRC. P.O, Box 5757. Guayaquil
El Salvador: CRAES, P.O. Box 517, San Salvador
Ethiopia: KSARC, ET3USA, APO, New York,
N.y. 09843
Faeroe lsia?idsi OY-QSL Bureau, Sofus Rubeksen,
OY3B, Undir Savartafossi, DK-38O0 Torshvan
Ftfl Islands: QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 184, Suva
Finland: SRAL. Box 10306, Helsinki 10
Formosa: QSL Bureau, CRA, Box 2007. Keelung,
Taiwan, Rep, of China
8 6
France; KEF. Boite Postale 70,75 Paris 12
French Oceania: RCO, P.O. Box 374, Papeete.
Tahiti
Germany: (DL4 &. DL5 only) DL4-DLS QSL
Bureau, 97th Signal Battalion, APO New York
0M028
Germany: (Other than above) DARC. Box
K(t"O3"20, D8 Munich 8G
China: GARS QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 3773, Accra
Gibraltar: RAF Amateur Radio Club, New Camp,
RAF
Great Britain: (and British Commonwealth): RSGB
QSL Bureau, ?m Kechill Garden*
Bromley, Kent
Greece: RAAG, VAX Box 564, Athena
Greece: <SV0 only): Signal Officer, Hqtxs.
JUS MAG G, APO, New York, N.Y. 1)9223
Greenland: via Denmark
Greenland: (U.S. Personnel) OX5A-E via MARS
Director, XP1AA, 1983 Comm. SQ., A1>0 New
Yurk 09023. OX4F-H via MARS Director,
XP1AB, 2004 Comm. Sq. APO New York 09121
Guam: MARC. Box 445, Agana, VSPO 96910
Guantanamo Bay: GAftC, Box 55, f-KJ, New
York, N.Y. 09593
Guatemala: CRAG, P.O. Box 115, Guatemala City
Haiti: RCH, Box 943, Port-au-Prince
Honduras: RCH, Apartado 17, San ifcdro Sula
Hong Kong: HARTS, P.O. Box 541
Hungary: HSRL, P.O. Box 214, Budapest 5
Iceland: IRA, Box 1058, Reykjavik
India: ARS1, QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 534, New
Delhi 1
iron: AttSl, APO New York N.Y. 09205
Ireland: fRTS, QSL Bureau, 24 Wicklow St..
Dublin 20124
Israel: 1ARC QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 65, Herztia
Italy: AR1. Via Scarlatti, 3 t . 20124 Milan
Ivory Coast: ARA1, B.P. 20036, Abidjan
Jamaica: JARA, Red Cross Hldg^ 76 Arnold RcL,
Kingston 5
Japan: (JA): JARL, Box 377, Tokyo Central
Japan: (KA only): FEARL-M, HQ 5AF, Box 1414
APO, San Francisco, Calif. 96525
Johnston Island: KJ6BZ, % MARS StfL, Det. 1,
J 9 57 Comm. Op., APO, San Francisco, Cal.
4A305
Kenya: RSEA QSL Bureau. Box 30077, Nairobi
Korea: KARL* Central Box 162, Seoul
Korea: (HL9) HL QSL Bureau, Signal Section,
USFK/EUSA, APO, San Francisco. Calif, 96301
Kuwait: Alhalf Na*lr H. Khan, 9K2AN, P.O. Box
736, Kuwait. Persian Gulf
Laos: Houmphanh Saignasith, XW8AL, P.O.B, No.
46, Vientiane
Lebanon: RAL QSL Bureau. P.O. Box 1217,
Beirut
Liberia: LRAA, Port Box, 1477, Monrovia
Libya: 5A QSL Service, Box 372, Tripoli
Liechtenstein: via Switzerland
Luxembourg: R. Schott, 35 rue Batty Weber
tisch-Alzette
Macao: via Hong Kong
Madeira Island: via Portugal
Malagasy Republic (Madagascar): QSL Bureau,
P.O. Box 587, Tananarive
Malawi: 7Q7RM, P.O. Box 472, Blantyre
Malaysia: QSL Manager, MARTS, Box 777, Kuala
Lumpur
Malta: R. F. Galea. 9H1E, "Casa Galea/1 Railway
Road, Birklrkara
Mariana Islands: see Guam
Marshall Islands: KX6 QSL Bureau, via KX6BU,
Box 444, APO. San Francisco, Calif. 96555
Mauritius: Paul Caboche, VQ8AD. Box 467, Pbrt
Louis
QST for
Mexico: LMRE, P.O. Box 907, Mexico, D.K Coming Conventions
Midway Island: KM6BL Box 14, KPO, San
Francisco, Calif. 96614 (Continued from page #4)
Monaco: ARM QSL Bureau, Pierre Anderh&lt,
3A2CN, 41 Bd du Jar din Exotique WEST GULF DIVISION CONVENTION
Mongolia: JT1 KAA, Box 639, Ulan Bator Orange, Texas July 17-19
Morocco: AAEM, P.O. Box 299 Rabat Pick your way to travel, by air, by water, or by
Mozambique: LREM QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 812, land, but let it lead to the Orange House in Orange
Laurenco Marques for the 40th ARRL West Gulf Division convention.
Netherlands: VERON, Itatbux 400, Rotterdam
Netherlands Antilles: VERONA. P.O. Box 383. Transportation from the airport is available. Come
Willemstad, Curacao up the beautiful Sabine River and tie up at the
NewZeland: NZART, P.O. Box 489, Wellington Orange House dock. The Orange House is a Motor
Nicaragua: Mike Murdano YNIMO/W4. Box 902, Hotel and is ready for you if you arrive by car,
Coral Gables, Florida, 33134, U.S.A* train ur bus. If you are a camper then the KOA is
Nigeria: NARS QSL Bureau P.O. Box 2873, Lagos ready for you.
Northern Ireland: via Great Britain Join the fun and fellowship beginning with a
Northern Rhodesia; gee Zambia
Norway: NKRL, P.O. Box 21, Refttad, Oslo 5 pre-con vent ion party Friday evening the 17th.
Nyaaaland: see Malwai Saturday has a full schedule of activities for
Okinawa: OARC, APO San Francisco, Calif. 96331 individual groups and technical sessions for all. At
Pakistan (East): Mohd, AP5CP, TARC, Dacca one of these sessions you can look forward to
Signals, Dacca 6 meeting Dr. Owen Gairett, a scientist-astronaut
Pakistan ] West): LARS, P.O. Box 65, Lahore and ham, with NASA and assigned to Apollo-15.
Panama> Republic of: LPRA, P.O. Box 9A-17S, Saturday evening will be rounded out with a most
Panama 9^A relaxing dance.
Papua: Via VK9 QSL Bureau. The ARRL Forum, chaired by Director Roy
Paraguay: RCP, P.O. Box 512, Asuncion Albright, W5EYB, will be held Sunday morning.
Peru: RCP, Box 538, Lima Climaxing the convention will be the banquet
Philippine Islarfds: PARA QSL Bureau, P.O. Box
Sunday noon and the presentation of awards.
4083, Manila
Poland: PZKQSL Bureau, P.O. Box 320, Warsaw 1 There will be plenty of activities for the ladies
Portugal: REP, Rua de D. Pedro V., 7-4, Lisbon during the weekend*
Puerto Rico: Alicia Rodriguez. PrO. Box 73, San Pre-registration, including the banquet is $8.50.
Juan 00919 Pro-registration will end on July 13. All lunches
Rhodesia: RSSR» P.O. Box 2377, Salisbury and breakfasts are optional and tickets will be
Roumania: CRC, P.O. Box 1395, Bucharest 5 available at the convention registration desk. For
Rwanda: via Congo (9QS) QSL Bureau registration forms, room reservations or other
Samoa (American): Utulei High School Amateur
Radio Club, % Director, Pago Pago, Titufla» information write. Orange Amateur Radio Club,
96920 P.O. Box 232, Orange, Texas 77630.
Samoa (Western): Director of Post Office and
Radio, Post Office, Apia
Scotland: via Great Britain
Senegal: Ch. Tenot, 6W8BF, P.O. Box 971, Dakar
Sierra Leone: RSSL, P.O. Box 907, Freetown
Singapore; SARTS, P.O. Box 2728, Singapore 1 ARPS
South Africa: SARL, P.O. Box 3037, Cape Town
Spain: URE, P.O. Box 220, Madrid (Continuedfrompage 7H)
ST. Vincent: QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 142, St.
Transcontinental Corps. March Reports
Vincent, West Indies Out-of-Net
Surinam: QSL Manager (PZIAR), SARU P.O. Box Area Functions v Success flit 7>afffc Traffic
240, Paramaribo Kfltttern , . . . 174 94.3 24v2 1009
Sweden: SSA, Fack, S-122 07 Enskede 7 Central , . . . 93 94.7 I67R Sit
Switzerland: USKA, Sonnenrain T 88, 6233 Pacific 124 95,2 2646 1323
Bueron/LU Summuf^ . . . 341 94,7 6*16 3143
Syria: TIR, P.O. Box 35, Damascus (he TCC Roster: Eastern Area (W3FML, Dir.) Wl* HJG
Tanzania: RSEA, P.O. Box 2387, Dar es Salaam NJM WCG YKQ, K1 RSG* WAlITM, W2a bK <3KZ PU Q t \
K2* KIR RYH, WA2fi CAL HMO UWA* W3EML, K.1MVO,
Trinidad and Tobogo: T&TARS, P.O. Box 1167* W4H NLC UQ- K4KNP, WB4GTS, W8t TZ UM, K8R
Port of Spain KMO QKY, WAS* OCG YVR. Central Area (W0 LCX, Dir.) -
Uganda: RSEA QSL Bureau, P.O. Box 3433, W4DGG. K4s AT OPO. WSMWSMI, W9B CXY VAY, WA9S
Kampala RAK VZM, HI 1NH LCX lK.'k 2HN. KpAEM, WA^s
United States: See ARRL QSL Bureau in this issue DOU 1AW RVR. hicjflc Area (W6VNQ, Dir.) - W5RK,W6*
BGF BNX EOT TPW MLF VNQt K6DYX, WA6* BRii 1>A
Uruguay: RCU, P.O. Box 37, Montevideo KOb'WTftDZX KM GHT K2, K7HLR, WA7CL.F. K0JSP.
U.S.S.R.; CRC, Box 88, Moscow Independent Net Reports
Vatican: HVlCN, Domentco Petti, Radio Station,
Vatican City Net Scions Churkins Traffic
Venezuela: RCV, P.O. Box 2285, Caracas Nnrthea»t Traffic . , , 462 497
ECTTN . . . . . . . 371 7B
Virgin Islands; Gracisno Belardo, KV4CF, P.O. Eastern U.S. Traffic . , (16 L01
Box 572, Christianstedj St. Croix, V.L 00820 Mike VaraU ft & T . . 26 373 2 S3
Wake Island: Jack A. Chalk, KWGEJ, P.O. Box 20 Meter tnterstate SSU « . 22 SIO 3S23
415, Wake Island 91930 Clearing House , . . , 45S 297
7290 Traffic 2201 744
Wales: via Great Britain Hit & Bounce . . . . 356 379
Yugoslovla: SRJ, P.O. Box 44 Belgrade All Service 7t 1R
Zambia: RSZ, P.O* Box 332, Kitwe H**-' North American SSB « . 26 426 391

June 1970 87
 Correspondence
From Members-
The publiafaers of ^ST assume no responsibility Cor statements made herein by correspondents.
FCC PROPOSES FEE INCREASE
• The FCC ha* before it Proposed Rulemaking,
Docket 1880?! which proposes to raise riling fees
and add license fee* in must communications
services so as to recover the entire $24,500,000 of
the FCC budget. Ptesently the FCC recovers only
$4,500,000 annually from applications.
White we agree in principal with the philosophy
that many government agencies are in a position to
pay their own way, expecially where the agency
furnishes services to cummercial enterprises, there
are cases in which the service relationship between
the government and a segment of the public which
it serves is a mutually beneficial one, and in cases
such as this, the citizen group involved should be
given consideration.
Commercial broadcast, TV and communi-
cations service? receive their highly profitable
privileges for use of the public radio spectrum from
the government, and because they profit from their
use of the spectrum, it is only reasonable that they
should bear the cost of the government regulation.
On the other hand, ihe amateur radio service i*
prohibited by law and international agreement, not
only from any profit making, hut even from
earning its expenses. The Amateur Service is a
purely voluntary one and even though It is in a
sense a hobby and avocation, this service has heen
a training ground for skilled operators and tech-
nicians for the armed forces and civil defense. The
armed forces have often commented on their
fortune in having such a large reservoir of trained
personnel to draw upon when major war* have
required rapid expansion of our armed forces.
Maurice Singer KS YMMt New Orleans, LA
• t wish to express an opinion on the matter. No
"hobby group1* should have its enjoyment
expenses thrust on another group. I would object
to paying taxes to support a foot bat 1 stadium or a
hockey rink (often we are forced to do this in
Massachusetts), I don't believe that the FCC
proposal would be a hardship or that it is out of
keeping with the amateur service. We are obviously
given preferential rates to citizens9 band operators.
Why should we be subsidized by our fellow
taxpayers? We shouldn't.
If however the League is prone to raise an
objection to the proposal, perhaps it should he
tempered with the plea that the bV.C reinstate Us
furmer policy of fostering amateur licenses wher-
ever possible - i.e. the giving of examinations at
hamfests and conventions, now currently banned
for budgetary reasons. Compromises of this nature
might bear fruit. Eugene Ih Hastings. W1VRK,
Swampscott. MA
• The new fee would mean that the progression
from Novice Cla&s to bxtra Class would cost $45.00
if each license were obtained in turn. The Amateur
Kadio Service is one of the few licensed by the
FCC that is not for profit and whose license
holders serve the public vol tin tarily.
88
We hope that vigorous action by the AKRI, to
oppose the license fee increase is initiated.
Member* of the Sandusky Radio Experimental
League, Sandusky, OH
• Regarding the proposed fee increases, I can
hear the URM now! The raise from the present
cost of ti.bif a month to the proposed IS4 is little
to pay for the privilege of operating.
So lets d o n t kick but count our blessings on
being able to sign with a W/K prefix. Millions of
others in other countries would pay any amount to
be able to do so. George f„ Kraussc, W3DZA,
Rockvttle, MD
• Our club fully realizes that the present fees are
inadequate in financing the expanding role of the
FCC. Thus we do feel that a reasonable increase
would be justified (perhaps a dollar or two in the
case uf a new ur renewed amateur license). But the
proposed five dollar hike in this fee represents a
125% increase. We cannot agree to &uch an action.
Did someone say that the government is trying to
cut inflation7 The William Allen High School
Amateur Radio Club, Attentovm. PA
• Technical growth in the world is at an all-time
high; for the United States to meet the challenge,
as much assistance as possible must he provided for
technical people. Amateur radio is a major contrib~
u t or and source of technical competence.
Amateurs provide tremendous technical support by
being inventive and resourceful in the design and
operation of apparatus. For this reason amateur
radio should not be suppressed by taxation. Hugh
h\ Wells, W6WTU, Manhattan Beach, CA
• 1 think all amateurs should fight this docket.
The V.C.C, proposes to charge the amateur more,
while the commercial operators fees remain the
same. Why d o n t they raise commercial ops' fees as
they make money from holding a commercial
ticket while amateurs recleve no compensation,
David A. Fetter, WA02LU, Florissant, MO
• It seems grossly unfair to make a newcomer
pay $9*00 each time he tries to pass a code test
because the code tea.t causes the FCC very little
extra expense. To answer this objection the Club
voted to offer at a variation t o have the fee paid
once and if unsucces&ful on the code test, the
applicant would be given one year before another
fee would be required for that same examination.
Harold Wormser, WB4HSB Secretary, Broward
A mateur Radio Ctub* Ftm Lauderdale. FL
EDITOR'S NOTE: These letters, most of them
greatly abbreviated, are only a portion of the
letters, radiograms and comments to fr'CC we
received on the proposed fee increases, virtually all
in opposition to the KCC*s suggested rates. The
official comments of the league to FCC, a
consensus of the ideas received at the headquarters
f r o m t he membership, win be found in
"Happening* of the Month," this issue.
QST for
• Amateur radio ha* aided the Federal Com- • Occasionally when using this method one
munication Commission by giving the Novice and finds that the seal between the shaft wall and the
Technician Class license examinations by mail oil drum is not sufficiently tight. This can occur
(without charges), ff this fee increase is approved from either pour soil or sloppy spade work while
then E would be in favor of ail examinations he digging the 36 foot hole. What is needed to correct
given in the presence of a official FCC examiner* this is an "O" ring. This can be easily improvised
Donald A. Cofone, WfiRDB, FuUerton, CA by purchasing an inner tube from the garage at the
time of acquisition of the oil drum. The tube
• Our club feels that the extra fee is unfair and should be stretched around the drum and partially
will put a burden on the young amateurs (or w>uld inflated after the drum and mast have been
be amateurs), who have to depend on their smail lowered to the bottom of the shaft, We have found
allowances or money they can make after school to that if the tube is inflated with shaving cream from
get their tickets and rigs. the usual pressurized containers, leakage rate
Alao, considering all of the public service through scratches is markedly slowed. In partic-
performed by amateurs without pay, we feel we ularly rocky soil it may also be advisable to add a
should be licensed free, - other public service small jar of grape jelly for extra body. Tltomas C.
departments of the Government pay no feest Lloyd. Jr. W9LNB, Indianapolis, W
Harold Wm Servatius, WA7CTS, Orofino, ID
• W5LQH missed ats obvious advantage when he
• The life blood of this service is the bringing in backfilled the hole in the ground after he erected
of new people to try their hands and minds at the his toweri
practice of this form of communication: If he had lined the hole with drums (top &
encouragement rather than impediment Is what is bottom removed) and mounted a simple float to
needed. Romeo Bitodeau, K6PM, San Diego, CA the bottom of the tower, he would he able to
adjust the height of the antenna to take full
IMAGE OF AMATEUR RADIO advantage of low - or high angle radiation,
• ARRL's Film, "Ham* Wide World" has been whatever conditions are.
shown several times here on the Robins Air Force Another advantage would he to give fool proof
Base. protection against windstorm and lightning
Comments have been very favorable and ARRL damage. Let the water run out of the hole, the
is to be congratulated to have come up with such a antenna comes down to ground level, and there is
positive and well presented documentary on the nothing to worry about. Even the zoning commis-
past and preHent of the Radio Amateur. sion might approve such a scheme to keep towers
All splinter-groups, please note - what have out of sight when nut In use. Wim Dykshoom
you done for the Radio Amateur or the Image of WB2K VEt Painted Post. NY
Amateur Radio? Ulo 11Ims, WB6LNSJ4, Warner
Robins, GA • , . Thirty-six-foot deep holes? Hmmmm. We
have a lot of abandoned oil wells In the area and
DO-IT-YOURSELF HYDRAULICS would be pleased to sell them in 36-foot lengths to
any who want them - FOB here, of course. .
• The "Practical Solution to an Impractical R.A. Ingrey, VE5RI, Ltoydminster. SK
Problem" described by W5LQH In April QST was
perfect for my own personal antenna situation. I A WINNER
live in an apartment, and erecting a tower is against
regulations., So* I employed OM Kedlingshaferfc • When f first went through the March Issue, 1
idea, with some slight modifications. went right Hy "An Engineer's Ham Band Receiver"
i used a 40-foot tower, but dug a 40-foot-deep - too long - then settled down and read "High vs
hole for it. I also used a SO-gailon drum, but before Low Band Antennas*" real good, very interesting
installing it 1 added a valve with a cable attached. and of general interest.
Now, when I have the tower erected and see the Came the time that 1 should go through the
apartment manager approaching, I merely pull the whole issue, and, in fairness, sample all the articles.
cable, opening the valve in the drum. The water So, to "An Engineer's Ham Band Receiver." My
springs into the drum and out onto the ground, first reaction wa* that this looks like a commercial
bringing a resultant lowering of the tower. When it developmental receiver* probably written on
reaches the bottom of the hole, the antella is company time; real interesting, however.
parallel to, and level with, the ground, £ have it In these days of "appliance operators** there
painted green so that it blends with the ground. probably won't be one guy in fifty that reads this
The manager always approaches only near enough article. However, we definitely need articles of this
to see that nothing is amiss* and he never sees my kind to keep the technically-inclined informed, and
30-inch-diameter hole. without the technically inclined in this hobby,
My next plans are for digging a larger hole we're dead. I doubt that 1 will actually make use of
about three inches deep so that the beam can rext any of the ideas and developments here, but I
below ground level, and then 1 can perhaps cover it support articles of this type. Walter ft Greenwood,
with artificial grass* James 0. Cain, WA9AUM, WpIJA. Montrose, CO
Richmond, /AT. • My vote is hereby cast for DLftWD as the
• I substituted an old wooden beer barrel for author of the best technical article to appear In
the 55 gallon oil drum. However, the wood QST in years.
expanded when t put the water in the hole so that His "An Engineer's Ham-band Receiver" shows
it became stuck. The solution to this problem was our thin red line of home-brewers a way out of the
to pump the water out of the hole and pour in thicket of spurious signals that surrounds us all
green beer and finally 50 pounds of salt. The (inducting the factory-brewers). J, £L Gatto,
results were fantastic! We got a perfect liftoff and W1AAK. Lynnfietd. MA
the tower and beam were last seen heading down EDITOR'S NOTE: The ARRL directors, judging
range emittipg the familiar "Hi Hi Hi" - or was it March articles for the Cover Plaque Award, agreed
"Ho Hq flo"? Sam Ward K1UJX, Lincoln, RJ with W01JA and Wi AAK - this was the winner.

June 1970 8 9

ftilent fStejps
T is with deep regret that we rword the passing
of these amateur*:
W1 ATP, Theodore S. Valpey, Holliston, MA.
W1BAV, Amen Millctt, Portland, Mt
WIBPH, Donate S. Bennett, Holden. MA
W1DGF, Clinton F, Shaw, Warwick, RI
W1 IN, Geo re? B. Shaw, Woburn. MA
WAHZV, John Sexton, Berlin, CT
WN1JCR, Wilfred M. Hamffl, Bristol, RI
WIJWC, William J. Lortie, Hingham, MA
Wl RFJ, Andrew J. Diet*. Stratford, CT
W2BKC, Kenneth Bussey, Frankfort, NY
W2BM, Karl Hermance. Hudson, NY
VV7BYL, I-won K Sowers, Flushing, NY
W2DGA, Matthew Walwork, Lake Hiawatha, NJ
WB2EGN. Roy K, Hvarts. Sr.. Ridgewood, NJ
W2GFL, Harry C. Dracup, Moorcstown, NJ
W2HV, Edward 0. Btodgttt, HaddnnfieLd, NJ
W2JB, Benjamin N. Lazarus, New Yoik City, NY
K2JXY. George .1. Skivington, Scottwille, NY
K2LEW, Edwin J. Roger, Seneca Falls, NY
W2RBF. Lewis B. Spcnccr. Haddonfleld, NJ
W2RRB. J- Glynn Locknei, Rome, NY
K2UNI, Andrew Rogers, New York. NY
W3ABB, H/Theodore Rights, Afaington, PA
W3FGN, Anthony R. Kepici, Philadelphia, PA
K3GOH, Alfred H. Brosius, Lewirtown. PA
W31BW, James D. Booth, Catonsville. MD
WA3JMQ, William T. Manahan. Blue Ridge
Summit, PA
W3MVF, David Bloch, Philadelphia, PA
W3ZE. Wilbur B. ferine, Bethesda. MP
K3ZGN, Alexander Hoyer, Mifflintown, PA
W4BJK, Nels V. Jensen, St. Cloud, t L
K4B00. John A. Oates, Vienna, VA
W4DRC/ex-W90K.Z. ilarold A. Rcnsch, Ft. Lau-
derdale, FL
W4EJK, Walter O. Nisbet, Jr., Charlotte, NC
W4FGN. John H. Stiaub, Geneva, F t
WA4GMA, Wayne Taylor, Mayfield, KY
WN4JWP, Odis P. McFolin, Murfreesboro. TN
W4KAH, Perkins Covillr, Arlington, VA
W4KGY, B. Harold Stone. Chattanooga, TN
WA4KWJ, Earl R. Price, Clearwater, FL
W40F, Elmer F. Eld, Hopewell. VA
W4RLM. Julian Woodson, Roanoke. VA
WA4R0P. James 0. "Jake" Macheu, HuntsviUe.
AL
W4S0M, Call B Ragsdale, New Port Rlchey, FL
WA4TZI, Joseph Patterson, Ft. Pierce, FL
WA4WVU, George A Holder. Concord. VA
W4YAL, Dr. Thomas B. Coleman. Louisville. KY
W5AUU, Herman G. S termer. Conway. AR
WSIGW. Harold J. Day, Greenville, MS
K5LFI. David Nicholson. Brownfield, TX
W5LYW, Ralph W. Lautzenheiser, Springdale. AR
K5MFY. Levi FI. McGanh, Stewart. MS
W50CG, William 11. Peel. San Antonio. TX
WA5SJR. William Smilanich Jr., Carlsbad, NM
WAS WST, John A. Fulmer, Jr. Marrero. LA
e\-W6AIG, Norcl O. Gunderson, San Bruno, CA
KbAJ, Hairy Gaugh, CI Cajon, CA
K6AZK, Boyce 1-rank Elliott. Seal Beach, CA
K6BGZ, Hugh Looman, Auberry, CA
W6COU. Howard L. Smith, Carmichael, CA
WA6DF1, William A. Sassanum, Palos Verdes, CA
WGGJ 0, Joseph Geiger. Stockton. CA
K6IYI, Carl Sundstrom. Palos Verdes, CA
es-KN6LEA, Monte R. Stark, Inglewood, CA
WB6MEA, Thomas V. Davis. Alameda, CA
K.6NP, Walter O. Harms, Sacramento, CA
K60NI, Frank E. Carney, Green Valley. CA
WA6PTW, John E. Mikkila, Redwood Valley, CA
K6Q1P, Thomas S. Fahcrty, Palos Verdes, CA
W6RT. Brig. Gen. James G. Smith, Solaria Beach,
CA
K6SFJ. Raymond Goldsmith, Stockton. CA
W6TC, Percy 1. "Ted** Crosby, Sun City, CA
WB6VKM, Robert fC Champion, San Diego. CA
WBftVYZ. Donald P. Steen. Fresno, CA
W6VZE, Charles Cfidden, Burlingaine, CA
W6WOZ, John F. Mtikle, Campbell. CA
W6YC, Eugene B. DeTurck. San Francisco. CA
W7 AMF," Frank L. Black, North Bend. OR
W7BAJ, Parley James, Salt Lake City. UT
W7BGA, Col. Willard K. Seymour, Tucson. AZ
WA7C0E, Josiah S. Knowles, Seattle. WA
W7CXR, Ernest E. Boyce, Auburn. WA
K7FGX, Chester M. Bowdle, The Dalles, OR
W7GGO, Glenn H. Lusc, Spokane, WA
W7RLC, Richard R. Uwrcnoe, Jerome, AZ
WKADN, Virgil Wpoley, Springport. Ml
W8BOS, Willard J. Hamburg. Cincinnati, OH
WHBTL, Albert Labz. South Haven. MI
WREIKJ. Miner Kerr, Lima, OH
W8GUV, Harry E. Smith, South Charleston, OH
KHHRS. Alex J. Dolgash. Ashtabula, OH
WASJCC, Paige F. Slons. Maitinsburg. WV
WSJ SI, Irwin S. Lowitz, Cincinnati. OH
K8KZR, John D. McCord, Charlestown, WV
W80IY, Ivan L. Lambert, Grand Rapids, MI
KSOIG, Jay Bowers, DeGratT, OH
W8ZGV, Francis W. O'Hare,fcsscxvlllc,MI
W9ADA, Lester O. Marholz, Glcnvicw, IL
W9FAF. Frederick Cooper, Kenosha. WI
WA9FJJ, Herhert J.Cotncr, LogpmfJort, IN
W9HSP, James F-, Livers, Moaresville. IN
W9HUV, Robert C. Clark. Lafayette, IN
W9IPB, Solomon G. Myers. Pdcin. IL
K9JBT, Frederick O. Stahlhut, Indianapolis, IN
W9KBH, Lawrence J. Guilette, Racine, WI
WKBT, Clinton E. Gates, JanesviUe, WI
W9MA, Lester M. Smith, Salem, WI
W9MRII, H, R. Crawford, Say brook. IL
K9RIC, Charles Blalock, E. St. Louis, IL
W9TTC, Ernest A. Wintcrnhfiimcr, Indianapolis. IN
WtfBUL, Charles Gosch, Webb City, MO
W0DDW, Billy C. Baldwin, Waterloo, IA
W0 EL, Courtright Hawley, Jz. Anamosa, IA
W0FC. Henry J. Bannon, Webster Groves, MO
W0FGP, Christian H. Knobel, Minneapolis, MN
W0HWZ, Gerald Rothweiler, Denver, CO
W0KFN, Catherine Tepley, Pipestone, MN
K0LUJ. Wesley O. Bice, Boone, IA
K0LVI. Otto Schiernbeck, Davenport, IA
W0VDH. Robert L. Filbert, Leavenworth, KS
WtiVPQ, E. Nelson Toopt, WaynesviUe, MO
W0WM, Elmer R. StoeckeL Davenport, IA
W0WHC, Esmond D. Rider, Farmington. IA
KH6FK0. Fenton Earnshaw, Honolulu, HI
KP4AVB. Manuel Pero-Romero, Santurce, PR
KP4CS, Manuel Sahat, Fajardo, PR
VE3C0Z, George F. Stiff, Gait, ON
ex-V£3Y0. James Robbins, Brantford, ON
VG6AFB, John W. Buchanan, Edmonton. AB
VE7UL,. George Dunn, Kelowna, BC
CP8AP/ex-W0 YBH. Darwin ScMenker. Ribcraita,
Beni, Boliva
 ^iiiiwf/A""™*
CONDUCTED BY LOUISE RAMSEY MOREAU,* WB6BBO
Field Day
Jand
UNE IS roses, brides, graduation, Father's Day,
June is Field Day, the most exciting,
colorful, and surprising event of the amateur radio
calendar. From one coast to the other, from the
Gulf of Mexico north into VE-land, women opera-
tors will be participating in this annual activity as a
YL club project, or with the OMs of their local
radio club. They'll be there bright-eyed and eager
-- and neither static, nor weather, nor quirks of the
ionosphere, will keep these amateurs from their
assigned positions, for Field Day has something for
everybody.
It's a contest unlike any other contest, held out
of doors with personnel roaming all over the place,
and the operators sitting side by side concentrating
on just one thing - points. It's a time when two
operators often work at the same station, one to
log, and one to operate. It's a solid stream of cw
and a steady murmur of voices. It's Field Day.
It's weather, It's that windstorm that almost
collapses the tent and three YLs clinging to the
pole to insure safety of heads and equipment,
while the operators never stop working. It's a cold
wet nrist creeping in and making Bug? stumble
under numbed fingers, and it is humid, almost
breathless ah. It's rain in sheets* and it's electrical
storms that stop all activity, except the vhf
portables that aren*t stretching long strings of
copper between the operators and Jupiter Pluvious,
That's Field Day.
*Yl> Editor 9QST. Please send all news notes to
VVB6BB01* home addresv; 1036 Boston St.,
Alfa den a. Calif. 91001.
Bert, W3TND, fastening 6-meter antenna guy wire.
to
views
It's operating. It's the veteran contest operator
digging (town under all the pile-ups for that weak,
watery whisper as easily as he works the S-9 stuff.
And, it is the faltering efforts of the beginners who
have never tried it before and who will learn by
doing (as amateurs have done since the beginning
of the hobby) and who will leave well on their way
to becoming polished contest operators. That's
Field Day.
It's surprises. The brand new receiver that
began transmitting smoke signals; the newly pur-
chased Bug that kept falling apart no matter who
tried to use it; the antenna that, after much testing,
absolutely guaranteed excellent operation, but
refused to load; the frozen moment that all activity
stopped and no one moved when the skunk visited
the site and roamed, in idle curiosity, for ten
aromatic moments before leaving,
It's people. Little knots of people gathered
around the station that is working them hand over
fist The rag chewers* comer where the fire and the
coffee and the chatter go on most of the night. 1 t's
the starry-eyed Novice looking at the operation
and pointedly showing poppa the most expensive
gear. The Field Day Chairman checking points, and
participants, and food. The club worrier who is
sure something will go wrong, and who evinces
great satisfaction when something doe*. It's the
gust of amusement over the operator of some other
station who uses a sing-song technique and weird
phonetics.
And over, and under, and around Field Day is
the throb of the generator that colors the entire
activity with that special something that is Field
WA3ATQ, Harriet at 75-meter phone with K3ZOW
logging.
WA3ATQ assisting OMs W3KKN holding the mast.
W3QXT steadying the ladder, installing FD
antennas for PJ-YL
Day. It's operating away from comfort* from the
familiar shack under emergency conditions and the
generator is the theme, the accompaniment to the
continuous murmur of the voices and the sharp
high-pitched cw.
Meld Day is a miniature club meeting, a
hamfest, a greeting of new members. It's a serious
contest and a picnic. It's antennas* and weather,
and equipment, and logs, and participants, and W*
people, and coffee, and mosquitoes, and high-
tension operating. 1 t*s all of amateur radio
crammed into a few hours of fun and service, And
when limp from exhaustion, and hoarse and
dit-happy we get home, what then? We warm up
the gear and go hack on the air for that most
delicious part of the entire activity, when every-
thing from the stove that wouldn't light, condi-
tions, skip, to the aching back from sleeping on
WA3CAP, Amy, 80-meter cw, PJ-YL Field Day.
Ellie, K3TNK with WA3ATQ logging.
two chain are recapped and enjoyed all over again.
That's Field Day, CU there?
First VL in Antarctica, W6NZP/KC4
If you are an avid amateur, and an avid traveler
to far-away places with strange prefixes, you find
yourself (as Hvelvn has done) coming very close to
1)XCC "Fyehall." In her collection of countries,
she has managed to roll up a very thundering score
itf seventy worked by personal visits to amateurs in
those countries.
At 77, Evelyn Is busy running the Scott Radio
Supply in Long Beach, California. She is one of the
founders of YLRC/LA, and, during the last war,
was very active in WfcRS, Her abiding interest is
1*X, an the air, and in person. She has been OX
herself, working from blji, New Guinea, and a*
KS6AF in American Samoa* When she isn't doing
that, she is visiting amateurs all over the world- .
Sleep is where you find it. K3YPH, Oottie at
PJ-YL FD.
 for all those Interested in Y L R L membership.
Address all correspondence to Marge Campbell,
K4RNS, 65 North Arbor Drive, Ormond Beach,
Florida, 32074.

Mildred O'Brien, W6HTS/AF6HTs

Mildred's amateur license will be old enough to
vote this December, for she was licensed in W4*»
and, as are all of us, has been busier than a cat in a
creamery ever since, and just as happy.
Far more familiar to many of us as A F A H T S ,
Mildred spends most of her time in Air Force
MARS activity with her operating spread over cw1
R T T Y , and ssb. Although she enjoys all three, that
"persona! touch*' of the phone patch comes first
with her, and R T T Y second. Cw comes in for her
message service, relaxing, and teaching code to
beginner*, for in her full schedule she reserves a
place for that important part of radio.
A member uf RACES, she is active in the
county emergency net and has assisted in commu-
nications services in many kinds of emergencies:
forest fires, floods, the search for lost children, as
well as long hours at the rig during the Alaskan
Earthquake.
Evelyn Scott, W6NZP, since her camera was lost,
Evelyn had to model her "Little America" outfit at
her home In Long Beach.

It isn't strange that in looking for new lands to

visit Fvelyn would decide to visit Antarctica, nor Is
it strange that in doing so she would become the
first Y L to operate from the land of penquins and
ice. And she did just that after a trip south on a
Norwegian Ice breaker where she enjoyed the
unique experience of breaking through icebergs on
the way. The crew at KC4USP had been alerted of
her coming visit, and were waiting to welcome
F.velyn. The station was at her disposal and she
worked for eight hours* barely making it back to
the ship before it sailed.
Where next? "Siberia," says Evelyn.

Mid-west Y L - Last Calf

There is still time for those who waited for
spring cleaning, Easter, and end to school before
making plans for the Mid-west YL Convention.
Registration won't close until the la&t gal checks in
so just remember the dates June 19,20,21, IV70, at
the Drifter Motel, 8416 Corunna Road, Flint, W6HTS, Mildred O'Brien.
Michigan. All you have to do is be a Y L with an
amateur radio operator's license and you are
eligible to attend. If you have an OM who would Mildred\ activities as W6HTS have resulted in
like to come along there are special activities for WAS /10 Meters, WAC, many Public Service
his interest while the gals are busy. Awards, and WAC/KTTY, although she has not
applied for a certificate for it.
Flan Ahead Five members of the O'Brien family are
If the "big o n e " is on the calendar for you this amateurs, OM, Jack W6HSB, was active when spark
year, there will be a very excellent program for was king, son, lack is W6GDO. and his wife. Kay
YLs attending the National A R R L Convention, in KftHHD, and a grandson, has the call W N 6 F Z U
Boston, Massachusetts, September 25-27, 1970. Another grandaon has passed his test and is
impatiently waiting for his call. When she isn't up
Mote on Norwegian YLs to her ears in RACKS, or AF MARS, W6HTS may
be found on 20 meters. ItVE^-l
LA6XI, Traffic Manager of N R R L , has added
five more calls to the fist of YLs with amateur

Xi
radio nperators licenses in Norway. LA2ZH,

SWITCH
L A 3 R N , LA4EN, LA6JJ, L A 6 L F . making a total
of 54 women in Norway with amateur licenses.
• . I.if:

TO SAFETY!
Address Change
Y L R L Eastern Membership Chairman, Marge
Campbell, K4RNS, notifies her change of address

June 1970 93
 Ai.iw
Th4Wad
CONDUCTED BY BILL SMITH,* K0CEB
F2-EME-MS-etal
/ " i UR USUAL format calls for a lead on some
^ pertinent topic, but this month there is so
much interesting operating new that we will go
into it direct] jr.
50-MHz. DXets enjoyed another round or April
F-layex openings, while finding South Americans
and ZK1AA workable from the more southerly
parts of United States. Rumors of the Japan-to-
Argentina work are as yet unconfirmed. Here is a
day-to-day report, and late information on the
events of the March aurora.
March 8: WA5IYX, Texas, says the morning muf
appeared to barely teach 32 MHz, but backscatter
was noted from WA5TFH at 1905 GMT. At [y30,
backscatter disappeared but suddenly returned,
with exceptionally strong signals at 2230 GMT.
WA51YX heard and worked 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s
and 0s until 2338 GMT when direct F-layer tu
Puerto Rico began. The KP4 signals ran typically
30 dB stronger than the backscatter signals. At
noon GMT, March 9, the KP4s suddenly disap-
peared, followed ten minutes later by all back-
scatter signals. (C5MDV, Louisiana, worked three
bs on backscatter around 2300 GMT and also
heard 2s, 4s, and 7s. WA6HXM says the back-
scatter opening lasted almost four hours in the Los
Angeles area. Pete worked 2s, 5s, 8s and 9s, and
heard all other U.S, call areas except KH6 and
KL7. WA0BOK, Nebraska, reports working
KP4AZA at 2343 GMT on what appears to have
been direct F4ayer. lack says the KP4 was work-
able for about 4 minutes. Jack's rig is a single 5763
running about 10 watts of a-m and a 4-elcment
Yagi. Signals both ways were S9„ VP2MJ worked
WA5TTH, K5MDV and WA8HPY,
March 0: WA5IYX, Texas* reports late-evening
(0220 GMT, March 10) Bs to Georgia and Ala-
*Send reports and lotnwpoTiHenre to Hill Smith
K0CER, AKKL, 255 Main tit., Kewinstoii, Conn. 0^111.
mm
bama, followed at 0250 GMT by the ZK1AA
beacon near 50.1. The South Pacific DX faded at
0310 as another f-opening was building into
Alabama and Lousiana. K5MDV, Lousiana, reports
working VP2MJ, apparently on backscatter, but
Ron didn't say at what time.
March It); K5MDV worked TE into South
America at 0155 GMT, contacting LU3DCA and
hearing OA4C*s beacon. K5AG1 and WASTTII,
both Lousiana, worked LU3DCA and WA5TTH
worked OA4C. The band cioscd at 0250 GMT,
Six-meter conditions between March 10 and
March 30 could be considered normal, whatever
"normal" is at 5I> MITz. The activity beginning
March 30 was (ikely the result of a March 28 solar
flare. It touched off a series of interesting WWV
GEO alurts, but produced no aurora workable at
U.S. latitudes.
March 2S\ XE1PY worked several Argentina and
Uruguay stations on F2 beginning at 20^0 GMT,
among them LU6FAM and CX1AAX. Rusty also
heard ZK1AA at 2115 GMT.
March 30: IA1MRS, Japan, worked ZK1AA at
0247 GMT. WA5TTH, Louisiana, logged W5SFW,
Texas; on hackscattcr from the South Pacific at
1906 GMT. From 1952 until 2020, Mary heard the
ZK1AA beacon, direct F-Iayer. At 2021, K5AGI
worked UJ3RX and L06EAM while hearing also
Oklahoma, Arizona and Southern California on
backscatter. W6ABN was the last signal heard, at
2216 GMT. During this period, XE1PY worked
ZK1AA.
March 21: WA5TTH logged the ZK\ AA beacon
from 1855 to 1924 GMT. Later that evening, April
1 GMT, WB6NMT, WB6KAP and W6YKM worked
ZK1AA from 0700 to 0720 GMT. (We understand
that ZK1AA was worked several times by W6s
during late March and April but contact dates were
not reported to your writer.) VP2MJ heard
ZK1AA 6 times in March and 8 days in April
April 2: WA5TTH began hearing the ZK1AA
beacon at 1831 GMT and after one year of trying,
Mary and husband K5AG1 worked ZK1AA at
1842. ZKlAA's signal faded on F-layer at 1911.
but a K5AG1 - VP2MJ contact was made un
backscatter from the South Pacific at 1918. The
band closed at 1940.
April J: ZKJLAA's beacon was logged by
WA5TTH for 11 minutes beginning at 2009 GMT*
VP2MJ worked XE1GE.
JA1 MRS is one of Japan's leading six-meter DXeri.
Details of his station and recent contacts appear
elsewhere in this column.
QST for
 April 4: MIMRS worked DU1ZAI in the
Philippine* at 1325 GMT. WA5TTH Heard the
ZK1AA beacon from 1930 to 1934 GMT, begin-
ning what proved to be an interesting day. Note
this Is the 27-day recurrence date for the March 8
aurora and F-layer opening. From 2030 until 2210,
WA5TTH heard W5WAX, Oklahoma, WA7FLB,
Arizona, and WA6IIXM on South Pacific back-
scatter. Between 2123 and 2210 GMT, WA6HXM
worked the first reported F-layer DX between
Southern California and South America this year.
Pete contacted LU3DCA, LU8A11W and CX8GU.
He also heard LU1MBJ plus several WSsand 6k on
backscatter. W6YKM heard LU3DCA call him but
couldn't work the Argentine through the Los
Angeles interference. Fred did work K60DV on
backscatter. W5WAX says W5RAG, Texas, heard
weak F-layer to Argentina at 2015 GMT but had to
wait for an evening TE opening to work LUs and
OA4C. WA51YX, San Antonio, worked Arizona
and California on backscatter at 2100 GMT,
followed by a F2 contact with LU9AX at 2115,
and a partial contact with LU3DCA at 2128 GMT.
The band closed at 2145 with backscatter from
K5AG1. K6QEH was heard by VP2MJ at 21 OOz.
April 5: WA5IYX began working South Amer-
icans on TE at 0135 GMT, including OA4C at
0200. OA4C also worked VP2MJ, XEIGE, W4s
and 5s. The TE ended at 0330. At 1950 GMT,
WA51YX began hearing backscatter from K5AG1
foUowed at 2005 by ZKIAA on F2. WA5IYX
heard and worked ZX1A A until 203a At 2118, P2
to South America begin and lasted until 2125.
WA51YX worked LU3KX, heard LU8AHW.
JAIMRS worked KX6HK, Marshall Isdandx, at
0637 GMT. WA6HXM, in Los Angeles, logged the
ZKIAA beacon between 0230 and 0330 GMT and
says that WB6NML worked ZKIAA. WA5TTH
began hearing ZKlAA's beacon at 1933 followed
around 2000 with contacts between ZKIAA and
WA5TTH, K5AGI and K5MDV, all Louisiana, and
WA5IYX in Texas. W5WAX heard ZKIAA weakly
in Oklahoma at 2020 GMT while also hearing
backscatter from Louisiana, Arizona and Calif-
ornia. WA5TTH lost ZKlAA's signal at 2049 and
the last backscatter signal heard, W5WAX, faded at
2025 GMT. Mary says several other 5s, busy
ragchewing 10 kHZ above ZKlAA's 50.10 freq-
uency, did not hear Stu call CQ! VP2MJ worked
XEIGE.
April 6 - 7: No reports received, except
reception of XEIGE by VP2MJ on the 6th.
April S - 10; WA5TTH heard and worked
ZKIAA each day between 1900 and 2100 GMT.
(Makes one want to move to Louisiana!)
April 9: WA5IYX noted the muf approaching 50
MHz towards South America at 1700 GMT, fol-
lowed at 2000 by a pounding 599 signal from
ZKlAA's beacon. Pat worked Stu at 2013.
This array of sixteen 10-turn Helical beams was
used by WB6NMT in the first successful 220-MHz
EME contact, with W7CNK, and soon after, with
K2CHA.
June 1970
April 11: K5AGI worked OA4C at 0205 GMT
on TEAt 1820,backscatter from the South Pacific
began and K5AGI worked VP2MJ, foUowed at
1915 by a direct F-layer contact with none other
than ZKIAA. John says Stu also worked several
New Orleans area stations. Anyone in Louisiana
who missed working ZKIAA just wasn't listening!
WA51YX first noted backscatter from South Amer-
ica at 1835 GMT, A South American F2 opening
began at 1945 withCX8BE foUowed by LU3DCA.
The band quickly folded one hour later. While
K6AGI was working ZKIAA, W5WAX in Okla-
homa was knocking off contacts with South
Americans CXIAAX, CX 8BE, LU3DCA and
LU3EX on F2. Sam says the signals were tcrriflc
and that he heard LU3DCA work a station in
Missouri
April 12: W5RAG called aCQ at 1910 GMT and
was answered by ZKIAA. WA5HNK and another 5
also worked Stu. This was the first time ZKIAA
was heard in Houston. At 2025 GMT, WA51YX
heard LU3DCA on bursts, apparently due to a
meteor scatter-to-f2 link. Pat says the ms signals
from LU3DCA indicated F-layer signals from
LU3DCA present some 800 mites south of San
Antonio. Wouldn't that be interesting on 144
MHz?
m••
Urly* CE3QG, once a common catch on tfx
meters, has disappeared and has not been reported
this spring. Several stations, including XEIPY and
OA4C, are trying to learn what has happened to
him.
The June vhf contest should offer interesting
OX possibilities* W0BKB, W0JCO and K0CER will
be active from June 9 to 18 in Ketchikan, Alaska,
with a yet-to-be-issued KL7 call. A kilowatt and
stacked 5-element Yagis will be used.
W4GDS, K8BBN and K8GMR will travel to
Grand Cayman Island In the Caribbean June 7
through 14. The call will most likely be ZF1RS.
W4GDS says they will run a kilowatt and 5-ele-
ment Yagi.
And from the rumor mill, word has it that
W5SFW will travel to British Honduras for some
VPI DXing sometime during June.
iSeveral stateside operations are planned from
the relatively rare states of Utah and Idaho.
WA6HXM says K60DV has been assigned Aus-
tralian call VK2BBL and will be active on six
meters, as well as 10, i S and 20.
 Nose. KH6IJ, well-known for his many ham
exploits in the contest field, reports working
ZKIAA often during March and April. Nose say*
also lie is seriously considering 2-meter moon-
bounce. You may be certain that if KH6U enter*
the EME field he'll do it right!
Japanese six-meter man J A1 MRS writes of
working ZKIAA several times last year and again
this April. Michio has worked 9 countries during
the present solar cycle: Philippines, Korea, Guam,
Marshall and Cook Islands, Papua, Australia and
Okinawa. JA1MRS ha* a homebrew 50-watt ssb rig
and ^element Yagi. Michio says his friend,
JAlODA, has worked similar DX, plu* New Guinea
and Wake Island, J AlODA has 50 watts of sxb and
stacked 4-element Yagu. Recent DX worked from
Japan has mostly been numerous Australians.
Gene* KL7GLL, at Sitka, Alaska, says he now
has a Viking gN2 and 6-element Yagi, cw only. He
will soon put the 6N2 on 2 meters and try meteor
scatter Into the lower 4#. Gene also mentions that
KL7EQG, Annette Island, has a SB-J10 and
5-element Yagi but is apparently having rig prob-
lems.
K5PJ R and KSCFN* both Oklahoma, are look-
ing for nightly scatter schedules. K5PJR has a
wide-tpaced 5-element Yagi arid a pair of
4CX250B$. Tony comments on the fine scatter
signal from K8BBN, Ohio. Amen brother, Jim's
scatter signal is nearly solid In South Oakotal
WA3NGU and WAJNUY are ready to try scatter
work from Nanticoke, Pa. K3EUK sends a late
report on the March 8 aurora. John worked
fc-meter state number 39. Rhode Island, all with 50
watts. WB9CSH bemoan* the lack of activity in
Southern Illinois. OI?e moved there one year ago
from Detroit where he says activity is high. He jh
running a 6er into a TV antenna* Perhaps more
power and that b-element Yagi you're considering
will help. There shouldn't he any lack of stations in
the St. Louis area.
Jim, W7VDZ at Casper, Wyoming, is now active
with a kw and a 23-foot Yagi, offering summer Es
and aurcira contacts.
144-MHz m o o n bounce has nearly become com-
monplace within the last several months- Mainly
responsible is the large antenna in Puerto Rico,
built by Sam Harris, W1PZJ. Sam has a new call,
KP4DJN.
VE7BOH says that KP4DJN worked SM7BAE.
Sweden, K6MYC, and VE7RQH three times each
during March, plus two contacts with KH6NS. Sam
may have made cither contacts not reported.
K6MYC had a successful exchange with SM7BAE,
April 10. VK7BQH had near contacts with K6MYC
and he is hearing SM7BAE, scheduling KH6NS.
Mike, KGMYC, says there have been so many
contacts that those participating aren't keeping
wore aa close as they did previously. According to
Mike, KP4DJN worked SM7BAE three times and
VF7BQH twice between April 9 and 17. but the
best EME path seems to be that between ZL1AZR
and 3M7BAE. They are having consistent contacts
and usually with good signal levels, ZLIMO may
soon join the growing EME ranks. He is hearing
signals and expecta to complete his transmitter
suon. EME interest in VE1 and VE3 is glowing
rapidly, with several individuals and groups build-
ing systems. VK3ATN is busy completing a 2H-foot
steerable dish which will have also a steerable feed.
KIHTV, best known for his meteor scatter
work, has built an 80-element collinear lor moon-
bounce. His first tests in early April were encour-
aging. On the yth, Rich heard KP4DJN but signals
were weak. The next day Rich answered a KP4DJN
CQ and was answered by Sam. but signals again
faded. (KP4DJN*s frequency is 144.032) Results
were biqiilar on the 11th, 12th, and 13th, although
on the I Jth, KlHTV received a 229 report from
KP4DJN. On the 14th, a series of schedules
involving VK3ATN, KIHTV, KtiMYC, 2L1AZR
and VE7BQH was held. KIHTV heard some signal
from VK3ATN, and VK3ATN reported reception
of KIHTV and VB7BQH- Lionel, VE7BQH, sayi
KP4DJN has also been running moonbounce sched-
ules on 50 MHz -with WBGNMT, W7FN and
W7CNK. As yet, there has never been a 50-MHz
EME contact.
Following are «nme late Match 8 aurora reports.
K2MHJ, Liberty Corner, NJ.. lost interest in vhf
last summer, but when he noticed unusual condi-
tions on the hf bands he listened on 2 meters. What
he heard prompted him to fere up his kilowatt into
a 15-meter <!> Yagi and work such goodies as
W5WAX, Oklahoma, and Illinois, Michigan and
others. Bill says he^t again gung-ho on vhf and will
be on 432 and 1296 this summer with a 100-foot
tower holding the antennas. WB2SIH added a new
state, K4GOF in Kentucky, plus the usual helping
of Is, J*, 4K. tot and 9s.
K4EJQ, says the aurora began in Teiifl. about
1430 GMT and lasted three hours. Bunky vporked
all U,S. call areas except 5, 6 and 7. He heard no
aurora at 432 MHz.
K2ZAT/8 recently retired from the Air Force to
Ohio. Kelly is apartment*bound and Is having the
expected TVl complaints. Through a mutual agree-
ment he does late-night operating with his kw and
is-rlement Yagi. He wurked 9 new states during
the aurora, bringing his total to 20, He briefly
copied W0EYE, Colorado, but was unable to work
Don. A Nebraska contact was Kelly's best DX.
K2ZAT/8 wants tropo and m* Kchedules. Write to
him st 220 Orville Street, Apartment 17, Fairborn,
Ohio 45324.
W0MOX, Colorado, was working and missed the
auroraV peak, hut did manage two contacts Into
Nebraska. VE2DFO, plagued by an 89 line noise,
couldn't work the weak ones, hut did manage a
few contacts including a 775-mite haul to W9PBP
In Illinois.
XFlPYTs 2-meter activity has been curtailed
while he moves to a new home 75 miles south of
Mexico City. Rusty says he will install a rhombic
15 wave-lengths long per leg pointed due north on
W0L.CN, Minneapolis, is ready for summertime
tropo OX on 144 and 432 kilowatt.
QST for
the state*. He expects t o rebuild the 23-element
array used in Mexico City. The transmitter will be
the same, a Collins 62S1 driving a SCX1500. The
62SI will also be used for receiving, along with a
416B preamp. On six meters, Rusty mil run a pair
of 3-4004* to 6 elements at Y0 feet.
The only meteor scatter activity to report this
month is a random meteor contact April 11th
between W3HHG, Delaware* and WA0CHK," St.
Louis. W3BHG says they had scheduled since
January, so "persistency pay* o f f , " The contact
resulted In a new state for each.
Meteor activity is now swinging into its annual
sti mmer peak, beginning with the April Lyrids
shower. Those wishing to try meteor scatter for the
first time will find the morith-long period begin-
ning in mid-July an ideal time. Shower and
random-meteor activity peaks, and the chance of
some success is good.
Central States VHP Conference
The Central States VHF Society will hold its
fourth annual VHF Conference August 21 * 23,
near Wagoner, Oklahoma, This meeting had its
beginning at the same site, and it has since
developed into one of the mo&t travelled-to vhf
affairs held anywhere. It is not large, as ham
gatherings go, but the caliber of program and
interest generated among outstanding vhf enthus-
iasts are unexcelled.
This year's Conference Mill be no exception.
Already scheduled are discussions on solid-state
devices, S0»MHz DX observations, 2400-MHz
moon bounce, converter noise figure measurement,
and a special feature* "VHF -- Fast, Present and
Future," hy Ted Mathewson, W4FJ.
The Conference is being held at a lake resort,
and special activities for wives and children have
been planned, to make attendance a family affair.
Further information may be obtained From
WSWAX or KSWXZ.
The West Coast session of similar nature* usually
held in May, has been postponed to October or
early November* likely to be in San Jose, Further
details on this one later.
Fm Notes
VE6MX says Alberta meter activity centers
mainly around the Vb,'6AUY repeater at Calgary,
146.46 input, 147.00 output. A net is held
Wednesday and Friday at 0200 GMT. Stations
active include VKfiMX. VK6ASL, VEftAK?,
VE6AAX and K7DJV when tropo is good.
WB8CEH, Dayton, says his repeater is working,
146.34 input, 146.76 output. He says the channel
is monitored constantly by KHYQH. K2LAY re-
ports the Binghamton Amateur Radio Association
(BARA) has a simplex operation on 146,94, The
base station Is operated hy W2HDO. Other stations
active are K2LAYk K2YYF, WA2MSQ, WA20MI,
WA2RXY and W2UDN.
VE6MX Crystal Warmer
With temperatures running fmm *cm to minus
40, some thought must be given to frequency
stability of fm mobiles used in Canadian winter*:
Crystal ovens are available for this purpose, but the
bimple crystal warmer shown has proven to be very
satisfactory in my mobile rig.
Ron LaBarde, K5MDV, operates this impressive
layout at Metairie, La. A 3-1000Z final is respon-
sible for a big signal on 50 MHz.
June 1970
Maa&^soLoes
R1
"IXJ>
L—V ff^-l
+ IIV —
Fig. 1 — Details of the crystal warmer by VE6MX,
The two resistors, drawing only 150 mA, generate
a small amount of heat and help to stabilize the
frequency in a mobile fm rig in severe winter
weather
As shown in Fig. I, two *19-ohm resistors are
connected in series and mounted between the two
crystals in a dual mount. The jesi*tors are conn-
ected to the 12-voit line. They draw only 150 mA,
so they may be left connected in mobile install-
ations that are used frequently. A switch can be
installed to cut off the small battery drain if the
car is to be left unused for long periods, but
otherwise the heating effect should be left on at all
times, particularly in cold weather.
Not often do we get RTTY information, hut
WA2PMW, secretary of the Tu-Boro Radio Club at
Whitestone, Long Island, reports much tt'iTY
activity in the New York City area, nightly, after
0100 GMT. on 145,62. He says wc should consider
a separate box fpr htates worked on 2-meter
RTTY. That thought turns my hair grey after all
the problems with the existing boxes! Tn addition
to the NYC area stations, Louis notes K1LTJ,
Conn,, W2NCA, N J . and WA3GBK, Maryland, as
active. Anyone using RTTY on tropo or meteor
scatter paths?
Jack, K4NTD, says Florida 2-meter ssb activity
has boomed the past six months; 5 to 10 stations
can be worked any evening from Jacksonville to
West Palm Beach, and even W40KB is on ssh,
220-MHz EME interest continues. WB6NMT (see
Louis* array elsewhere in the column) says WA0-
RJl at Waterloo, Iowa may soon activate a 220
KMK system. W1QXX is working on his system and
Sam, KP4DJN, is working on dish feed problems.
KH6LEM apparently is starting work again on hts
220 system.
In Florida, WA4MKN, near Orlando, has recent-
ly completed a ssb mixer and receiving converter.
WA4NKN has been hamming for nearly SO years,
and was on vhf in Wisconsin as W9GGH. Also on
220 in Florida is W4VND. WA4GHK is active but
K4IXC is off again repairing wind-damaged anten-
nas. John, you do have some tough luck!
, ; ,. _ 1:
/ 5T ::
-n^-fflwv-jj
ml «
 432-MHz activity should be picking up again
about now, with spring building projects awaiting
favorable tropo conditions. WA1F5Z, Concord,
N,H-, is building u SH«J4 transceiving converter to
go with his new 40-element collinear. Dale says
WA11XZ and WA1LU1, both in Bow, N.H., are
building 43"2 gear. Sounds as though New Hamp-
shire is about to become weil represented on 432.
In Connecticut. WA1MRF is interested In ATV and
is on 144,08 nightly looking for other interested
parties.
W2CUX reports nn New Jersey activity, Onrille
says W2AZL, who owes me a letter (couldn't resist
that. Carl), has a 6939 ssb mixer going and has
worked four states. W2CUX has built a similar rig,
which is a W2AXU design. W2AZL says W2AXU
has the best 432 ssb he has ever heard. K20VS
(good call for a reporter to this column!) has 8
states confirmed with only 2 watts measured
output, and a 32^element onilinear. Jay uses a
2*stage KMC 5000 preamp and offers a schematic
and layout for a stamped, self-addressed envelope.
He is presently working on a strip-line amplifier to
boost his power to 100 watts. WA2fcUS has a new
40*element colli near and 40-foot tower
K3UQD will be ready for 43? BMfc July 1 with
a 20-foot polar-mounted dish. The transmitter is a
single-ended 8791 amplifier. Greg says 449-MHz
fm works well in the Pennsylvania hills; better than
144. K.3CFA continues his schedules across Penn-
sylvania with W3RUE, having reasonable success.
WA7GFP, Oregon, writes of a repeater on Mt.
Scott* near Beaver ton. Input frequency is 444.17;
output 447.17. Further information is available
from K7SJ0.
K8REG says the March B aurora produced some
buzz an 432. Wnce heard aurora*reflected radar
for 2 hours beginning 2030 GMT. He heard but
couldn't raise K4KJQ, Tenn., at 2115 GMT. Vince
doesn't understand why the aurora didnt produce
more and better signals at 432*
WpMOX, Colorado, is building a 44-element
Tilton Yap array. In the Twin Cities, W0LCN has a
kw. He wants schedules with Wisconsin, Michigan,
Indiana. Nebraska, Missouri and North Dakota.
2300-MHz KMR cnntimies to be explored by
W3GKP and W4H1IIC Through April 10th, results
of their attempts at the first 2300-MHz EME
contact remained substantially the same as repor-
ted last month. They are regularly exchanging bits
of information including calls, hut they are not
calling their tests a "contact" as yet, though many
would accept their results as contact proof.
On April 6th, W3GKP had an interesting exper-
ience, Smitty was testing his system when he
thought he heard another moon-reflected signal.
He shut down his transmitter and heard DJ4AU
calling him! Later the same day, Smitty ran the
usual test with W4HHK getting indifferent results.
The next morning a German newsman telephoned
Smitty from Frankfort to ask about hit EME
work]
W4HHK and WA4HGN made a couple of firsts
on March 28th. They completed the first recorded
2300-MHz contact between Tennessee and Ala-
bama, and the lL&»mile path is probably the
longest distance ever covered over an obstructed
path or by home stations on 2300. W4HHK runs
275 watts output to an 18-foot dish, WA4HGN
puts 10 watts into a tower-mounted 10-foot dish.
Signals were 3 to 10 dB over the noise.
In Florida, K4NTD is also working on 2300.
Jack recently completed a ciystal-controlled con-
verter, to listen for signals directly from the Apollo
astronauts on the moon.
Finally, K4FJQ, is building a new IMft-MHt
Bvciter to feed a 7-foot dish now located on that
famous Tennessee mountaintop.
Late Report - Aurora
As we prepared to lock up this column on April
21, a major magnetic storm set off the first large
auroral opening since the March H affair.
W0EKB, Omaha, telephoned that he first heard
the aurora on 50 MHz at 1100 GMT. John next
checked six meters at 1645 GMT and the aumra
was in full swing, continuing throughout the day.
By 2300 GMT many of us were home from work
and the six- and two-meter bands filled quickly
with buzz signals* Good 3-meter aurora was report-
ed from most New England and tastem areas, but
W5WAX, who enjoyed March 8 aurora 2~meter
contacts with New Jersey, could find no aurora on
144 in Oklahoma*
Six meters was productive from New England to
Wyoming. KUKW. Massachusetts, recorded many
contacts while W7VDZ, Wyoming, enjoyed popu-
larity handing out much-needed QSLs to the WAS
seekers. From South Dakota, MX meters didnt
appear to be open for long-haul contacts. Signals
were exceptionally good over 200- to 600-mile
paths. Aurora was heard until 0515 GMT, April 22,
when the propagation mode changed suddenly
from aurora to fife K0CER worked VR5US fol-
lowed immediately by VE6MO. VE5IJS said he
worked KJJRW at H314 GMT, apparently on
relatively rare auroraKasaociated £!& In past years,
conditions similar to this allowed KL7KLC and
VE8BY to work over wide areas of the United
States. VF5US was caught with the big rig down
and was running 10 watts to a 14-foot log-periodic
TV antenna!
There was surely other unusal DX worked April
21-22, and we'll report it next month, lasiM
^.StravsIS
Here's proof that some amateurs still build their
own ssb equipment. The photo was sent in by
Adrian Blancquaert, 0N4KD, who says that he
built the 75-meter, 50-watt ssb transceiver de-
scribed by Day in June 1967 <$ST and which is also
featured in the 46th and 47th Editions of The
ARRL Radio Amateur's Handbook.
Adrian reports that the rig performs very well,
and that he is quite satisfied with the project.
Examination of the photo he provided indicates
that he has done a fine job of building the
transceiver. This Is what vue frequently refer to as a
very "sanitary" job of construction! - W1CER
 CONDUCTED BY ROD NEWKIRK.* W9BHD
Whoa:
Shine utott thin* vttti appl*, in thy ai*t
twt duH on mfrfl.
— ANOK,
We've been b w y with slushing satire w«
haven't preached a sermon lately. Pun's Gnu
but we're supposed to get serious once in a
while. Okay, subject? Well, brotherhood LH
always timely. Brotherhood and pmfvtlm*
polemic*. . . .
Experience, a I I K J U L convincing teacher, trains
m to he wary of promotions ba*ed on the nega-
tive. You know, idea» and opinions argued unt
to tnueh on their own merits ( which may or may
not be considerable) an on an apparent need to
depredate or tear down HumetihintE Ham
radios varied facets are traditionally vulnerable
to tiuch subtle demagogy.
Oh, presumably there always will be (JIlM
from a few who cannot boost, their own favorite
angled of our great game without odious com-
parisons— DXecs who can't sell 1)X without
running down casual rag-chewing, vhf men who
can't push vhf without sneers at the dr bands,
builders who can't praise experimenting without
jeering HO callori appliance operator*, and vice
versa all along the line. The sum value to arna^
tour radio of all this buck-biting can scarcely rise
above zero. It can well amount to less than zero
when argument* become obflwsed with de-
rogation*
K fairly predictable by-product of the return
of FCC incentive- licensing in its present form
is tirades against this ur that emission mode,
expressions not so much in favor uf one tech-
nique as against the other. Granted that it's
not esusy for a cotlo hound to digest the pruiiotf if ion
7863-li West Lavrreiice Awn Chicago. 111. 60666.
Contrasting,. Indaedr ore Hiete OTHs of the Month—th^ jungle site of last year's Marco nevtral zone operation by
K6JGS and T12CMF as 1N2A, and an aerial view wettward over Market reef, OJ0-Iandt in the ice-locked grip of a
Baltic midwinter. The islet's breakwater against stormy northern seat |uts angularly to the right.
{Photo via W i 4VPD 1CW, OH2ER-OJ0M1)
that he must pass another phone-accentcd
examination or be ruled out of certain cw sub-
band*, and that it's equally unpalatable for a
mike specialist tu have tu pass another code
test or be barred from certain phone Hubbatida.
But berating and lieli tiling each other and each
ot her's favored mode because of this development
surely stands to benefit neither.
Currently we're too often treated to the out-
worn spectacle of hard-core code adherents
terming vnfre types glorified f?Bers, and phone-
forever advocate calling cw enthusiasts atavistic
smoke-signalers, litis hamc tendency toward
fralricide did amateur rudio no measurable good
in the Claw A and R incentive-licensing days
uf the 1930s and '40s. It been is even lew poten-
tially gainful now. Opportunistic malevolence*
always lurking in the wings conceivably could
find it advantagoous uiie day to embrace and
exploit agreement with both sides. And then?
No dirt on our other apples, please.
What:
DXrrti who made the m^iivt within the put few year*
have a nontroat. in store for them. u real ungoodie. Instead
ot logfuLs uf 10- mid T5-m«tor \VAC« tbe curninp ftunnpot
Minimum will gradually bring tuck Jeo* esoteric bat tltll
sporty A* iiml Rrnuiid-wat'* UX punujitn. Twenty, espe-
cially in northern latitudes, will benin to nound Like » rtfiid
front end during houra of i-Urltrieaa. Kven forty will skip
out \mnlly yn*t nther eo&*t. Hut 7 ami ^/iMHi, though
riddled with exuflperatinp ab*arptitum *nd fading*, might
to curae through in sood DX ttmd with commercial QKM
tbe Limiting factor. Thin vre can bo quite Mire uf, but tthat
about good old
l f i n meter*? WelMtfthouldbeoyiaHP^r-iyinteresting.
^ ^ If guya curt knock off every continent atid WAS
diirinK n *>1id muiRpot muxufiuiii, the mie w«'vc juat pawed
through, itfttandftto TPRHOTI thnt A trend toward jnofiier
1,8-MH* hnp could really frost the nuke. W1HR, Inn* a
at'ident tjf the tup-band aoene, heartily aareefl, An for the
LIWil-'7i> soUHnfi JKH! twit, well cull Stew a inobt rcrentLv
imin«i W0-\feUr OX Bulletin* tn alcetrh th« picture. VVIBH
doOA it in dehVioua depth but wr'U fmve to umbo do with
availableftpace.. * . Some of the DX atatiun* work*!,
beard or reported autire were C02QR, GXSBH, DL9KRA,
KIOJv down* of Us, CititfltiW, <;M3s BC5W FXM IAA
I ' W T D H Y('R,<HY!le UPK WWN XJC Yf5Hf HBVCM-
EIMCM. HR!>tnr, HSAABl), JAB IAA 11 *YH 1KFN
1KQA 1 VAC «CL1 SIMiK SAA slfNV %JM airj 4MWR
7VO 70VK, JD1YAB. kftlte Kh «i!Ji U HH, Kb7*
i>JJ IK, K V 4 n , Mt"4TAl<, OKs ! KT.T 1PKW I W N 2 L E L
Htfl'B 8UQ, two doxen OK*OLs, PABa Nl* I'N,
PJifVD, PYs IMiil 1 ' 2W1J SHKO TASK, V&s
(and AXs) AACA HAPN Will 3 K « HUi » T K SXB $Kn
JiN K, VOIKN, VPs 2k K 21,3* RJT *KK 9K! j 9f VSbl>Ot
Ws 4BSB/VP7 XKTOK, YN0AA, YV3ANT,
ZR2AV, ZG4AK, ZD9BM, Z U land ZMs) lAV'r l M ( j ,
5Z4a Kb LW, 9HJBL and 9X5SK nil via i<fH|«t, (Wlition*
peaked autKirieiitly tip ullaw solid sidebsnding at time*,
notably by I'i r7Tl / FS7, &V4K£, PJtfa <#W l>X, VP9RO,
ZKICU and 4MIA, Ucthng a piece of th* action from our
qitie were Ws lBFt 11iftU> HK1T 1TX" 2BP rcfcffl *K<tt
SHUT, * n v n ?RAA SAJB SONB a i m i awe
,sUM3!N»LJ>W SNPfc fHliO IBVV 41'QK AKTW liKKB
tUU hKVVJO rtuKQ W W 7BNB 70FJ 7ML 7JiNG 7RM
HAtC HANO Hh Kti HtjJUJ KCtlA 8lfM HUN WW 8HTC
ANN J tilth & W E T WtfYW t<PNK «UUW »YYCi #BK
#TY. Ka liKi)> 1 Kgll IPBW ISCJ1) 2ANR yBZT
•J'iAL vitKt: 21XJ 2'PA K K h ) HMBK UA ATKc; rtVKA
7YXB HANK HBBI #UHT 811 "A Kk'Hh" iiPAW » V W »
HIK*K* WAa K ^ c i tKHU 4KIUI WGF « I V M fUPQ
7MJC 7 KOI 71*0% 8UtU GEYY, WBfls BUV CJH. VEa
iZX and -tl>U ... One-fcixty'* wast roast 1>X monopoly
ausfurtbei weakened by the Mix and Hevpn gang thaniktt fn
inrrttMnjt top-band effort* in Hhw^ij, Alaaka, Japan,
Aiiat.raliRi Nnw Zr^lund and nthf-r region* o»it their way.
At the wniv timr J A* and YKBareegoitinff each other with
many transi^iuaturiai J A* a J »X
i r,pti'Rl baud great ihius^cmthi lir^bp^l for Mill. VHICUN'b
t)Xprr*HKt%yn the H AH t>oy* Ingccd nix IJrBr call arena in this
yrar'ft AHftl- r The March 7th partial solar
eclipse quickcnr*! the* band at bicb ay^m, tK^^rdinfr to
VVftNFL. "Oiusaixty opened m> lik« it dopa no nftnn jfiafc
bf»roTTgiiimet. Heard Wa *Bu09UV f W,KHBBI and ntlm*."
, H^rnfl real ^ K l ' »n Hin, too. WRKCJJ, with
H»0 milUwDtta an KKT„ wnrka WSITN on a 200-
ndlo haul. The former1* tHanjculnr full-wave sitvwire ht»lt«
r ^ ... Adding tv the plethora of obatacle« in the 2-MH*
ranic«» Ws IBB 2BI' ami amonatpa arc bti^gtu) by ITV
liKah acmnil IH^ii kH«. the 1 tHtb haninicuP4 of Irani teln-
vinion rtVi-ivH m«nllator«ft Ttip IKVA-IKtn-klU nW U a
traditional hana-rnitfor Ktin>r>oan urid other T»X stations.
Now that VV7 Kb in *>mc areaa are authorized ti> transmit
in thi» " D X window" M'>0-metcT UX ate ^riKmred
m a poiirteoTtN f*ampaiKn tn help Mii** ttuutll rnnpir
tfpen for wiMkii-K froTti nnrnw thn n-al^ra , , . _ . No- I
topic on tou»1iand, no different than on other T>X ranices,
<>f itr>iirttet antennas. Con&eiutns from thti l^oomiurlns is
that well-mate lied vcrtlealn with duAtim of huiind ra dials
ant hi»nl to Kent, nlthonxJi htKh^u-puflubJ* Inn^-ua-Trntwhle
hnrixontals transmit I)Xc^>tinna!lT for W1BH and othena.
Other location factors boin? oqnal, the vertical's bia draw-
fwck is HtjftceptibiJitvfc<>>iois« (>ick-ti|i. fnr eK-
atnpje. "hnrrowM" 3 l M t tower mth <{ual>he<l sui^rw.
Tnod siffna! mporta vrvrr fofgrcd hi^t nainv wm a problem,
10 to lo dB hialwr than normal. What I Rained in tmna-
miUiiur J lost receiving; iust eoiddn'h hrar thmn."
'i'ho balloou appruoch is always ti^mptin? uti this hand if
ytitt*rf in a *t*>l f i w of pfiwnr liti^s and othnr iji^couTagc-
rnents. Thpidea is a Jot Ampler than nppti<*ation, hovreven
(jftOlT's atUmpta to loft an Hfartive balloon-^iippurted
1»K>\lHsfakyhorikranirituouuiplipationa' Keith t^Its V\'lBKf
" W e acquired some rnRtftorolngiml haUoonaand a hyriroaun
cylinder but. Hpgpita thp fact thftr^ se»uu«H* to h* no wind,
the 2-by-tf-tt balloons danced uneontrollably. To ke*p the
nuliator near mtieal they had to be g i i y d upwind with
irrt of nylon mud. We did sufrt-nl hi ttnrkinjr twenty
tr^ataUonaimd^r ronditinns far from idpal/- Wonder how
many AKRh Field )>ay entrants will be trying balloon
jobs this month The Hcvrrajro wcivxna anUnna.
particularly fameft in ham annals as the dugipn Paul ( rfvil^y
•immH tn Scotland sn Kti^rpwfullv' during AKRl/s original
fIVans»tlantir 'i'eKtaaJmotft fifty yearn aip>, is Kitting si'rioitu
widespread attention at K1PBW, W1BB ami other points.
They re *pac«*-**tem but ipute unromplicateil. Htew d«-
"Minr vrrnmta of a ri-ft-hijdi 1200-ft EenpEth ff
rfo. ]t\ plastie^rovered war-surUus wire hooked on nails
and tree limbs over a iiath hai-ked out with saw, aud
hed^e rjippers thronan dennr? woodland. The far <>n<iv
pointed toward thf target is terminated through a tiOU-
fihiti resistor to ground or to a counterpoise. For the latter
[ use four iStt-ft, radial* lying on the ground. The Bw-rrag*
ivorks in any terrain but is at its bast ovpr 'poor1 around,
)ta length is m»t rntieal th*» longer, the more directive
-nad inno-K<(>0 feat seems about, right according to
K1 PBA\ who has tried wires as long as 2tiQU feet*'1 W1 BR
notea a signal los> of uu to six dB in the fa^rwl deration,
a> noise reduction of twelve dB or mi, nt- au ovrr-all signal-
lu-itiusr aain of about six dnrihpls. This ratio fa more than
t-rjiMigh to open an apparently dpaci band during periods
of medloer* conditions. fJSOQT adds his experience with
siu-h monstera m lines to W1BB: "When U3PQA and 1
[Mauled resoiirres for a combined Beverage effort J heard for
the tirst time whnt such an anteiitm can do. I was anuxmi.
I would nevt*r have that any aerial could make si^
murh difference We. enjoyrd Uh copy of U.8.A. signals on
ItiU that TC would never have even heard abovn Kurupean
l j U M on an ordinary half-wave, X only wish 1 wcr^on good
<»u<ntjch t^rms with th^ l<ical farmers to put up a MXIO-ft
westwani-facing Hereragc, We alao put UP one to tiic south
- imagine me hacking a bath through 200 yards of dense
blackthorn with T i j A behind m* reeling out wire." H«n*
xohimI* like fun, Felloe but watcb out for poison try 1
, , , _ In the promising years of quiet t'ui ahead there's
th* ><*itsl big limiting factor to i)X fun on old Ifk), That's
lack of activity at the far end. The band is just not available
to hams in numeroun uvurmi* mimtries. In many other
lancm it's barely «vailahle 'in n sUOlly restriftM basis. Per-
hapa this aituation can be improve. Anyway, it's not too
early to set your sights for the Ltf7ri-'7l top-band season.
Season? What's wrong with right now uhen the summer
Htatta pause*? Winter stillness lies south of the fipiator^..
if yon ctan manage to pull tbrovigh V Kh, Zls, PYs, etc.,
they'll probably have little trouble hearing pou. A rotarx
Be%*eragc» anyone?
Later we'll be getting bark to ths higher ranges with
uasiatanct- from { W owl Ws IBV 1HAL M "AM 4VOK
1-XVT hW&K WiB ftKKW fiKAY 7YTN * \ t i K » U Y
HUSfy. Ka KVUT 4TWJ fiMTTG/tt SPYD 8TRF tKMV.
WAs 1FWIT 1JKZ 1JMR32BHJ 2KOKi?H()Z 2KBA 3YWR
KG VP ,-).U!B fiUAX AYMW VHUY, WBs
al>RS 4MA11 -UYB 4h'5tti « A V Y , tlKR, VK7BAf;
<Uf> phonf) Ws iOINK 4VOK I>VHA 8V<JK OI.Na Rs
riTV-T m v SPY I), WAs ll'ItU IMAA 1JA1R 2BCT 2BHJ
2MDZ 3GVP 3.flfB 4ZZLT HKQW, WB4s JYB tfZO: <1A
cwJ Ws IBV 4ZYT AHZK Ii>-<1B Wl.NO, K5Mllhy«,
WAs IPFU TIRV 1.TKZ IJMB *SCT *HH J SOKn 2!1
SKKA 2VWR aGVP SUUY RTJAX SYMW ftZCTT UMQT
HPXT, WRs aDRfl 4KZG nYMW tlAVY UCJfl, WNs
LMNA 2KKA 40KO uOUR, HER, VEs ^OHO 7BAF; (15
phone) Wa 311NK \YOK flCiB 5KKW KVCiE flhNU,
4TWJ HPVU, WAa irUt- RJHB, WBs 4KZG flAVY; MO
WHYflR, KAMlif*/^ WAs JFHU »KBR ifKEA
OYMW, 11 EE: (10 phonal Ws a i l N K 4Y0K 6GB SJtKW
SYORIiliNQ, WAs IKHU AVMW: t4ti«wj Ws IBV 1HMR
IYOK fii'4R 5KKW 7YTW HYfSR MKV, KH¥RFf WAa
I MI IT 1IKV u ivZ IJ MR 2BI.?T 2HP25 2 Y W » W V P
40/,ii 6UAX ttSO^', WB4C1AHV I1ER, VESOItO:
Mil phono) WAls FIT I* JKZ JMH: (Ao cwi Ws 18WX
SVOtt WAs IKHIf 1 I K Y 2YV\ H <7A phone)
Wis BUR WUC, WAls h'HU .r^R and VE3GITO, The
bands are grand I
Where:
A MA — ARB1 secretary VU2CZ writes WlLVQ f "Cards
» are received for VUl, VU», VUIS, eta. Wo have rflsann
to bfllicvft that most probably the prefix 4(1 is wrongly
rend as Vtr India has only one call pretis whether it he
mainlandt l«ccadivea or Andaman*, and that Is VUV,
Y U i existed only for two months in llHjO, All other numerals
are uirabo stations or incorruct ra^ption.^ Cbogyal
..f ft\kkim ACAPV writes Y W f c . " t am returning cards
for At % AC4 and AC5. As far as I am aware there arc no
such stations on the air. The only AC5a that were working
Vk ere 8Q and P N apart from a temporary station run by an
VRIO (G3NRA) exp#ds to remain active from Tarawa
into 1971. David has dispensed more them 3000 d«lidous
DX OSOb on M through 28 MHz with a KW2000A,
FTDX-400f -meter quad and dipoles. VRIO's B«Ho
neighbor VR1Q has departed but VR1L keeps workable
from Ocean island.
QST for

YV4t UA and Q Q , O M and XYL, are a popular DX two-
some down San Mateo way. When not busy in contest!
and Five-Band DXOC pursuits Nick and Mary hold out
14,170 kHz, especially In Hie Caribbean
Sundays around 1200 GMT.
American for about a month. All liav* hwn off the air for
Ht lesat three yearn. AUSPT, niyseJf, is tb« only AC3 ami
ha* jimt Pom« bark on the air after being ntT for sevrtnl
warn-" Geoff Watt's DX A7em~Sherl Maya APft-
HQ'spromiseuf 100-pcr-cent QSLing, The Mime organ says
Asiatic Russia's new club-station prefix pattern goo* (UlJfl)
UKfiCMJ-K, (HOT) UKHFjCI-V, lU««J UKflO, (IJW)
UK7. fUT8) UK8A-C!-1)-hVlPM-L-(>T.ir-Xl (WIS)UKfcH,
(UJ8> UK8J-R. (UMS) UKSM-N, {UAtt> UK&, and (UA0)
UK0 VA211WI tell* WM7BU he intends to dear
up Q&L problems upon his return to Undo Sugar UI Sep-
tember . ., - . _ VVA2KJW appri***. " I am UHL manager
for Rafi, 4X4 A E, and will have all logs from February 27,
J970. S.aJMJ. (self-addressed stamped cm*eLopesl are re-
quired from W/Ks, S , S , M . plus on* Ittt? t International
Reply Coupon) fmm othen*/1 , » . . "The p l w n Wfls
1 QSOtl last August came through with QSLs LOO per cent,1'
anplamls WfiYRA Try to heat thi* for speed:
WfiZXS says WA5YMW hud l)M8PKva QSL on the wall
four ininutn* after QfeSO . _ , _ , _ TCfl calls worn to he signed
by Istanbul TAs during a commemorative fete May 2Uth
through Wat QSL TCflDB to TA1DB or via TRAC, for
example, says WfiQPX W3DWU awaits his
KPa rail o/n Mefoar, Inc., IIBA tftnatCom Kid. Off. (Iran),
P.O. Box 28nn, AW), New York, 092Dfi.
F R I C A — In Aodfo ComntuJitaiibiM RBOB's Q B L Bu-
A l rostt proprietor G2M! disclaims aiwss to CJT3AH logs
although he does relay QSLs dirn<t to Kal. " l i e doi-s
his own QBLing J00 per rent./1 Roving W4KTL,
in receipt of unwarranted QSLs, declares, "To the best of
my knowledge my licenses 51J7AL, TYflATR, TT8AP and
TL8AL are current, in my name only, and have not. been
reinmit-ri to others.*1. . > - Remember that W2MRV now
holds the Clus mailbag for imminent W4BPD OXpeditinn-
ary doings . . . . . . " I left CShana nearly a year ago after
rcjueatmg a friend to forward QSLs by company mail/1
explains rk-VOHiL. "Ifardly any reached uic. however,
and I know there must be spmnl hundred f>Ma waiting
for replies/* Martin invites inquiry- at the address in the
listings to follow, stressing the need for accurate QBO in-
formation to facilitate careful I ok ch<M*k \Y4JUK
advises, "&N2AAX-TY5ATD-HBVXKJ, now WAtiiiL/4.
has plenty of QBLs for his foreign nails and will bedelighfed
to respond to anyone who did not receive his due card* Sid
has always QSLd 10U per cent be/or* receipt, so any cards
atiJi needed have been lost in thr* malL . . . . . . . -B*-
707WW now signs W8IYTR in Michigan and w*l<-nmi-a
»L inquiries at the address to follow 4 Tm still
^ manager for ZD6R," emphasizes VE10X. "Archie
not want QSLs direct because he has no time to an-
swer them. 1 have his togs for the oast few years." YE40X
cschewi bureau routes so send Kd *.a.e. and unafUved
postage.
5H3KJ rolled up ten kitoQSOs in five years at Dar-es-
Salaam, capping this performance by teaming up with
5H3LV for a UOO-QSO DXpeditton to Zanzibar's
Latham Island In February. He's back home at LA6GF
by now. (Phofo via W7VR0)
June 1970
VY^AD writes plaintively to
E UROPE —
"1 havp about WX) QSOs with U.B.A, stations but have
renelved only K.SO The otheiv Lt-fp Htubboro silence.
It is too bail they &N said 'Q£L surB.1 f'unhrcnation of
if&O is the law for every ham. Such a luw percentage of
Rimtirmatioos prevents rne from getting many awards for
working W/Ks. UY0AO always Q8l,e UK) per cent.11 AUm
forwarded a list of Yauks who still owe him cards. We notice
a number of prominent DXers in arrears, many of whom
tujuawk loudly about OX owing th*m QSLs. Amends
mn be made to UY5A1) through his bureau or via the ad-
dress in the catalog to follow , _ , _ . - The revised scgucnco
uf club-station prpfises for Kiiropcsan Russia Wiitrtesy f ) X
iWeff^Shcet and VEROK's PXwm: (UA1-3-4.Q) UKl-»-4
nnd IJKwA-Ji-II-W-L-V-U-W-StV, <UA2) UK2P, (UBB)
UK5 m n i t UK50, (IKS* UK2A-C!-[-L-CMUW, OJN1)
UK1N» UKSO, {TJP2) [ I K S W , ( U ( f l ) UK2G-CJ,
(UR^J UKaR-T. The pattern isn't crystal clear so we may
have to review it later . The 8X0 prefix evidently
is employed by SVl hams for cirlcbrative purposes. ^ , ^ . _
VERON'n nxprtmm not^H Uiat OKl-2-ESs ar« regular Oxech
prefixes^ 0K8s are rocipracal-operatlng labels, and OLs
novices in call areas 1 through V, 0K4 has been usod
afloat, and OKfis arn spe^ial-ovcnt installations
(12M1, in Radio (romm.ttrtwritfotus, names H- i.heesRinan,
10 Nursery ril„ Hook End, Brentwood, (tast*. as QHL
hiibsrianaa(*r for Cv^Z-aeries stations. Ch'er^sed cuds,
tindersiaed mvrlopes and bluppy pouwurk bother the
British bureau as much as ours . _ , , ^ SVBs WHB and
\\l 1«returning Btatesward to the addresses in the roster to
fullow, vow 100-per-cerit QSL for all their QSOs from
Ureecr *M)L7i*T will ai-t as my QSl^ manager
starting April 1 f IflTn/' nffirma KAGB.I "TFaWKK
was miilUoperated on five bands In the 70 AHKL DX
CoiitBsL" says TF2WLW. 4'QSLs for TF2WKF cw QBOs
go via WAWTUI, my borne call, while those fur esb contacts
go to TH3WK11 or via the T W bureau/' "The
DLl-DLA QBL Bureau has changed hands again," reports
JJL4KR (WkmY&i. "Its address now is 14th Avn, Co.
i.ATC), ATO, New Vork, N, V.t 09025. OSLB for direct
response firmi J>L4KM should go to ?ny address. Box 88.
ATO. New York, Na Y i t cWOfi?, Also note that HRflXFW
cards should go to HJ2SX. thow for 11BVXFY to
WA9HYB/' WA3KSQ informs, "8V1C" Jogs
now are on hand for QSOs from December 13,19W, through
March U.IUTn/'
TTEREABOUTS — KZ5KN admonishes. 4<U.a ama-
f l tours desiritut direct QHLs from me are advised that
U.B« postage iwinnt umnl iu the Canal ZohH. Knclose
with one fRC or iwie V.K po*t*x*. KSMRN
UK) per cent on receipt, " And don't forget tiiat Vfi/VOi
dnn*t. want frlued-down Yankee stamps, either
W»DAK isn't complaining. "After two brief years of DX
chasing ! conclude that the foreign response to my measly
W UHLe has been excellent." Chief J. Cijntje of
ffc-therlands Antilles Government Radio & Telegraph
Administration, (4nraca*». brands lM7RRatigment« _ , _ . _
VEIEY "pemtcd VK2BYJ/mobilo-V03 alxwitl h train
in .lanuary through May, 1UU9, and statiwk lalt. was my
iotent to QSL all contacts but sudden departure ana
ciintiniuujs travel made this impoesiblc/' Wayne is now
prepHreii to answer mail at. A9 Montgomery Crescent,
St. .lohn» N.H., Canatia WuKlBc; di-cnes the
number of overly ambitious QflL T N A N A G M who MRPTTI to
burn out Jialfway tlirotigh their obtigations. At the other
otid an* too many 1 >X stations whose log shipments dwindle
to nil "I'd like to all my ARRL DX Contest
contacts," avers <>X5BU Richard's qSU ruut^ fallow
. ^ 4 _ T h e VP2A11 in our QTH list is a brand new one
thst doesn't jibe with your Caltbook. Fred signed Zl>8FP,
VPs 2LU and ftPP in years past , ^ , _ j _ Numcmus
"QHI^ers of thp Month" are Lauded for quickie eard come-
backs: f'K* 2RM 0AK, CTfs»KD IBC3 fiAl RAJ, KWDX,
VBftXX. FL8MB. FY7YR, HC1EJ, KL8s l*U VX,
JDIYAH, K4JA/K04. KCCCT. K04AN, KIlfiNR,
KL7s KWA UDIT, KI'4AUF ( KRtVDZi, M i l , OHONII,
OXXKD, PJ7JO, HMRKDri. HV1ANP TAM«% TC54MR.
IIUSPK, V1WBR, VQSCR, YA211W1, VB0AAC* ZB2BB
• i.. » •
I
- - . I
• T —
X M s EB J and K 5 were Revilfaglgedos calls signed by XEs 3EB I J I K S and 1 G G W last December. The group picture
include* (front, left to right] Commander and Mrs. Juan Truiillo, with XE3EBj (rear) XE1s K S G G W and J. The Trufltlos,
permanently stationed on Socorro with a detachment of 2 0 0 Mexican N a v y personnel, were generous hosts to the e x -
pedition. Two stations were operative, this one in the Truiillo home and another In Hie island's offidal r a d i o shack.
(Photos via W 1 C W )
Z1WBM, Z13JC, J5M1AAT/V, ZP* .WW UAC, Z320B,
ilVSNC!, 5A4TY. -W2AAF, 5TAHM, AVKDB, 7X0WW.
UN1RA, 9V0S ON Hl> .1(1 U i NQ NK OK Otl 01 PC
FIX 9X£AA and »Y4RP> plus QSL msnaicerB Ws 1YRC
ifCTN 21>U *GHK ISPX 4ZXI 7VRO. K4MQG. WAi
tfHUP JSHFL. Vlte BVNf BOU. F2MO, UH2SU,
I1BM2* and ^ A K l Ynnr kudos rnmrntttee inrliides IV*
IBWX 4YOK 5ZXS 6YRA 7J AC 8BJ SYGR 9C.-RQ
tfOAK, VVAs a ? H I U *KKA 3JIIB 4MSU AUHR 5VMW
MTNJtfVECl*,VVBUs ACR CJS and vVNuObR. Any roui-
7nFTid(ih)(* in jrnttr nwnt rreuipta? 'Alpi These
italicized QIU> mmirA lead* toward Utfi* from hnlrinnt*
mentioned: H'ffJCKU', CHm 7CTT UAH. KPAX/KCJ. HrilR,
VK0KZ, VPSFQ; W W , GCaSHSf/o, lAln AZ
VP2s VI V U VR5DX; XT2AAS KiBBK. KCblF.
KM61il» VQ1JR W j \\'AHTSTJ. FK&AG, ZD7BH '67;
pyt^tfO, CUUM. MP4HCC, TUSa AA AN, XZ2TZ.
ZB3AM, 3APAV, 5A3TX, 5N2JAB and 7Q7LC. \\|p?
WAs 2UFD 8TNJ and WB2IIEO are available
fur pussihl* QSL managerial arrangements with harried
1>X nps.
C O U T H A M E R I C A — "Still have a 1ar*e anppiy of
0 OA4DX QB1*," notibw K40l> from his writ* e*-
W4TKN address. Cards collected a* the RCP bureau efnn
are forwarded to Carl QfiLs for ZV ZW ZX ZY
and *Lh fellers km tn tlm PV equivalents; e x , ZZ4AP
canals PV-lAP. Dthpr rutins rt-Mnrteii in Hud* \Q8MN
(CtittZN) and HIJBCBN 'Y4S0HN), with 1VF31KC.
WU48UN. W82JRA, itb;., balflin' 'em from uur end
. WAflPYWaays K. t'bilver*. JBWL QS1. Bureau,
1 CSrow rtl,, JodTii«v» Olofi^ CLId AJti, Kniclan^, I* th«
Q3L rot]to to YPBs K1. JG JH JI .lo JW KN anci K(>.
UiC^ are the thin* K4BB(C'« QBL from PY4FLR,
«li-*rly pctttmarlcetl lirwnl^r 14, tHtVn, arrived onlv thir-
teen months later PVMZJ> wHemnes further
QBIj mqoiriept conrtprn^nft his fleptflmh*r-Ort<»ber '^n
QBOa from Triodade isle as PYslBZD/^ u l'n reply imme-
diately by airmail as soun as 1 check my bit/'
102
CEANIA — KSttl^l *jpiQd VVflVHN/KSfl fmm Jast
O fleptpmber intn Nov^mb^r and ».-an confirm tiicee
QSOs tlimiucn his current KSttUH ad<hess The M
latest tfclphabvticatardcr cefl asnsnod here as of Alnirh tn4
!»?(}, wus KlVftOM," points rn,t KU'tiUif (VV7£8T)t
arrviiift Ha Wake q/ft\. bitrean tender. Merle oi.*carional
tmdHiveralilf* QHLs for spuhuus work by out-uf-sequcncc
KWtls ortibabLv located elsewhere Now lot's nve
tthat individual iteins tumble forth from th* month's
hog, boarinA inTOhid that eac-h daturn is niTi^tunly neither
"ot&eialk>, cimplete nnr amiratft. , , .
C131GT fvia WAnllYfl or l>[«Kitl
CRKAiv P.O. Box IW, i lili, Portiynif^ Timor
OI.4CK* c/i\ MAttH Radio «tn.. Ifq. 93rd B i l , APO,
N n r Yurk, N, YM 0yi75
DL4WJ ? J. Wilson IVV4UVV), 1USA, AlK), New Ymfc,
N Y UUU58
IWTlA1?f P.O. Ho* 4fiK». Manila, P. L
EASHB, P.O. Box &47, Las Palmas, Canary islands
F^\8HE, P.O. Box U16. Tenerife. Canary islands
KA6HP, P.O. Box 547, Las i'almas, <^anaty islands
K l i l B , i \ o . Ho* hji, Monrovia, Liberia
A L K A . U.B, khnbassy, A f V i N n r York, N. Y.. 06156
P L 8 S R . Box 25, Djibouti, French domaliiand
F R 7 Z X , A. lMmftrio, Hrns i'attun, Ki^ore-des-Kochcs,
Kotinwn Island
ex- H R^XFJ -5N"2 A AX - T Y5 ATD» B. Bedford, Jr.. VVAfl-
UlL/4, P.O. Box 1206, Greensboro, N. C., 27403
HC2SO„ P.O. Box m t Unayarinit, Keuador
l f r 7 R C , Box Han Pmiro, Dnminiean Republic
HL4VX On W A4MBCJ or rfa VV4ZXI)
IISIABCj, P.O. Box 2008« Banirkuk, Thailand
llTa I F P I R T S 3JS rto YNs 1FP 1HTK 2,181
JD1AAZ .IAUU attn. J A B B ' m
JY1 t ivinpr iiusspin. Ko^. iOAA, Amman, JnrdazL
KC6WS, Box 185, Yap. APO. Ban Francisco. C W . , 0H943
KG6SY, Box 209 L, Capital HiU, Saipan, Alarianas
QST for
0K1KTL, Box 414, itoha J, Czechoslovakia [KA2LL), Florida DX Club DX Kejwrt (W4FRO), Tnter-
OX&BL, K. Riddel, 2412 8. Bowen rd., Arlington, Texan, natiunal Short Wave League Monitor (A. Miller, H2 War-
7win Tvard In,, 8«Uy Uakv Birmingham 20, England J, Japan l>X
PY2AZD, J. Rncha. Jr., Ford Co, Research Ctr v P,0. Box Radio Club Bulletin (JA3UI), Long Island DX Association
StflO, Sao Paulo, Brasil DX BulUHn (W2GKZ), Newark News Radio Club Bulletin
PY7AWD/0, a de Araujo, P.U. Box Fernando de (J. Hcien, 3822 Marshall et., BcUwoo^i, 111,, rt01U4), North
Norunha, Brasil Kaatem 1>X Aw»xuataon DX ButUHn (KllMP), North phi
SV9WBB, T, Johnson, M4 Long Meaduw la., Glenview, California DX Club DXtr (Box 608, Monlo Park, Calif.,
HL.tiOoaa 94026), Southern California DX Club Bulletin (WA6GLD),
SV0WI1, K. Pleta, 924 Liberty »t., AUentuwn, Penna., UBA's On the Air [ON* 4AD 5VAI, Vl^RON's DXvrvt*
JPAjSs FX 1-0U TO v n v WW?), Utah DX Association
1K102 KutUtin (K7DKQ)and VtwtiUmsiDXBtUlcHn (WAGAUD).
TAle H t OS WB XYL (via TRAC) Good show, chaps.
TA1HY, H. Yetkin, P,0. Box H3, Bakirkoy. Istanbul,
T ^ M ^ N P WR (via TRAG or DKlBH) Whence:
TA1SY (via TAlflY or WBQPX)
TA2AK, A, Erteau* P.O. Box
Turkey (or via DL7FT>
TA2QR,, E.
U Krtekin,
" PX>. Box
Kacakoy, Istanbul,
Karakoy, Istanbul,
H EREABOUTS— VPS* BY andtsDor KSB (Bermuda)
invite U A , Canadian and United Kingdom amateurs
Turkey to frolic in their 1970 Bermuda Amateur Radio Contest,
TA*HD* P.O. Box 28, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkny (or tu a single-op shindig, using phone from 00UI GMT June
20th tu IWU tiie 21st, and ow July I8th-19th, aaini? times,
UYSAI>, A. Hafcrok, P.O. Bo* A33, Kiev 4, UJBJEkH. W/K/VBA r Oa give RS or R6T report plus states to VP9
VE2BYJ/M7v02 (to VK1MY; sen text) and U.K. stations, and the latter respond with RS or RST
plus parish or county names. Scoring for non-VP9s: Each
VK9NI, A. McCullagb, Hibiscus Flatm Norfolk Island, station worked per twnd counts H points, Uiis total to he
A us* multiplied by the number of VP9 band-parishes oont*«tH.
VP1BJ, P.O. Hox U, Coroxal, Br. Honduras To be eligible for certificate awards of merit, plus a grand
VP2AP, F. Perkins (WlTBS), Antigua AB, Box 4187, trophy guaranteed to get you a tan, GMT-only logs must
Patrick AFB. Fla., 32924 (nee text) be jKjatmarked no later than August 15. IV70, and mailed
VQ8CZ, 4a ilillcrest, Curepipe. Mauritius to K8B ContARt Committee, PfO, Box 275, Hamilton,
VR4GG, Technical institute, Honiara, Guadalcanal, Bermuda, together with a signed statement tliat all rules and
Solomons regulations have been observed. This is No. 11 in the series
VR4EZ, B* Btroag, P.O, Box W, Honiara, Guadalcanal, — goud luck! Yuti're also invited by KCV to
Solomons partake of the phone-only Venezuela Independence Contest
WftDAD/KHfc, J. Peters. Box 410, Aiea, Hawaii, W7U1 farm GMT July 4th to 24Qn on th« 5th, tbrntixh
WA6HWB/HC2, H. Smith, Aptdo, 5808, Guayaquil,
Ecuador
WA9RAT/HR2 (to WAMtAT)
YB3AG, Box 86, Semarang, Java, Indonesia Kermblic's IjDHA society spoms^reii a DX test in February
YB3DC, Box 27, Burabaja, Java, Indonesia and March but details arrived too late for "How's" Q8P.
YV61A, P.O. Box 404, Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia Activities managers far and wide are advised to mall
YC3CH, P.O. Box 27, Surabiqa, Java, Indonesia announcements a t Least two months in advance of Such
VV0S A1 BBU BPJ CTY EL LA PP (via W2GHK) invents and KV4WY may uruit DX-
ZDSR (vis. VK4CX; see text) peditionary signals frofti F(.i7 FM7 FR7 VP2K and VP2V
NJ7AW, P.O. Box 1001, Niamey, Niger bailiwicks this summer. Joe and Les ^-iit have plenty of
5V4JS, J. ttohmits, P.O. Hox 33> Atakpame, TORO local QRM from fellow island-hoppers now boxing their
bWHBA, Box 3013, Dakar, Senegal transceivers. WB4AIKU and W4ZRZ gut ait early start by
7Q7BC. Box 41. Zomba. Malawi scoring some WOO multih«ind rontacts as VP2KA, catching
CX-7Q7WW, W. Wierzbioki, W&DTZ, 801 Tarieton, K. the last part of this ARRL DX Test. They're planning on
Lansing Mich.. I&KK Aves isle for October and are thinking about Clipperton
7X0LOU. L. Soherrir OJB. 18 Boulevard deft 3 Freres as well . _ . _ " R e a d i n g through your paxes 1 was sur-1
Bouaddou, Birraanoreis, Alger, Algeria prised to note thft amount of DX being worked by Novices,'
QitlFOt Box 194, Accra, Ghana writes WN9CDR, "So 1 derided to give 10 a try myself.
ex-9G!GL, M. bohreiber, L001 Letitia sU„ Baton Rour* Twenty-one countries in a couple of weeks!"
La 70808 VP2AJP IWITBS) likes phone and code on 11) through 80
ei-9LlJP (via VERON, attn. PAIJOK) with his H70 and 14A Vq. " H I possibly make side trips to
9X5WJ, Box 2ft, Kigali, Rwanda neighboring islands/' hints Fred Localisms via
literature uf clubs, groups and individuals aforementioned:
A2GAZ (via 9 J8BC) PA9TK (to f^JrtTFT) VP8LK is due for two years in Antarctica, . . .
AX9AC (via G3NOF) PJ9JR (to W3ZKH) WHFIU/KB4 made kiloQBOs with 120 countries from
CE9AZ (via CK3RR) SVtfWDD (via WA81CUP) Serrana bank. . . . CESZN's San Felix target date is in
GT3AS (see text) SX0DX(bo SV1 L>B» August. . . . WB2VAE A Co. threaten Clipperton doings
DMfcAO (via DM3ATP) TAlNtl (via UJUHJ) this month or next,
TA2EA (via W2KPM)
DXIHMI (via V1540X)
EA6BJ (via DL7FT)
EltAO (via EI5BX)
T\ZX (via WA7GQA)
TCSZA (via W2JXH|
A SIA —Iktrldsh Radio Amateur Club, via WfiQPX,
L oSers a TA-10 certification to amateurs who hook ten
of a certain group of SB TAs. The same station can be
KLIFD (via DL7FT) TKZWKF (see text)
EL0H (via LA8EM) TJIAW (via K4ZOP)
KP2TW (viaGISllXV) VK0HM (via W7PHO)
FOQOA (to F2RB) VP8LK (via G3KOM) GD5APJ (F5QQ-3V8AA) plans to radiate from the lila of
GBJFON (to G3EKW) VQ8GSR (to VQ80B) Man into July, then move to north Africa for two years.
HB0X.FY (via. WA9HYB) vo9ci> (tn v c j s t n n
HB0XGR (to DL4CE) VR5LT (via VK6WT) Like so many of the DX gang, Ron found conditions In thb
KK IB OR/4 (vLa WAfi- W2EGV/4X (via WA4- year's ARRL DX Contest fine for code r poor to fair
UHH) WTG)
for voice* You'll run into GDJAPJ mastty on 15 and 20.
H 0 9 F C / i n m (via VE1- W0VRN/KS6 (to KS6DH)
ACtT) WS2JRA (to Ka A A)
HR2HHP (via WA9RAT) YA1HWI (see text)
HS1ABF (via H81ABC) YBAAAF h-ia DL1SU)
HS4ABS (via W7FNY) ZV7AWI> fto PY7AWD^
JW7HH (via NRRL) RW2BJH (to PY2BJH)
KG4USN (via K3BPP) ZX2ASO (to PY380)
LAIH (viaWSCTN) ZZ2BRS (via WB9BWU)
OA4DX (see text) ZZ4AP (to PY4AP>
OA4LM (via K9KGV) 4X4AK (via WA*KifW)
OA8V (via WttGFF) 9HIGD (via UH1E)
OI3NY (to OH8NY) 9Q5JV (xHaULSMZ)
OXSBK (via 0Z8KW)

For the preceding glossary our thanks and youre ft» tn

Wa 1BV 1FTX i f n M l B W X 4JUK 4YOK ABZfC 6QPX
5ZX0 8YGR 91>Yfll*NCJ0DAK, Ks 4BBIC 4TWJ 8PYD,
WAs IFttU 2HZR 3JHB »JGY SYMW 9ZCP, WBs
2MUK 4GAH 8ABN 9CJS, VE3GHO, DM2ATI>» KI4BK,
LUAklDO, Columbus Amateur Radio Aesodation CARA-
uope (WiZCQ), DARC's DX-MB (DL3RK), DX Nm*-
Steet [Gt Watts, 62 Botlmore rd., Noraich. Nor. 72 T,
Cnkland), Far Kaat Auxiliary Radio League (M) New*

June 1970 103

worked on more than one band for credit a* different rVV4TTW) wants to nperate from Monaco the first week of
Cheek details with TKA.C. J'.O. Box HW, Kiu*kuyp Istanbul n»Kt month on 15 and 20 with his SOuC and dipole.
W4YOK learns that Camel Urmm Kadm Hub of , » . Q@Os with Munich stations between January 1, lU7d,
Kabul can deliver an AHA diploma tu North American and the official closing date of the IH77 Olympics there will
.station* who work Afghanistan on two bands, a different Y A cunut toward MOD, the Munich Olympic Diploma, an-
on each. For full Afghanistan Radio Award scooo consult DJRZU of l>ARC. Write Engelbert for eertirlcate
YA0CDRC. Ex-YA'iHWI is returning to Illinois leisurely npec* . , . * H 1 0 A O wm the annual iJXcunrionary lark
via Kurope ^ W3DWG, hoping to stgu <>{ Limerick Radio Club on 1U through Kill, sideband and
ahoztly, i* told by bihBOX that the latter waited eight code, May 30th through June tsti This year H14BK and
months for his own permit. *"i>fo teat and no cost," say* cohorts invaded tiny Here isle off Ireland's southwest
Ron. "Just collect t h e o f f i c i a l documents reouired," cusst HK1-6L1-8M1 activity will soar July 1st
Motohlro Hagiwar*, 3-23-27. Uroeila, ArfaaMku, through 7th during Gotland Activity Week. SMlCXti says
Tokyo 120, and friend Mamoru VVataoabe, 173R Mltsugz, cw action will center forty kHs above all band odges, ssb
Mnrayama-ntacfii, Kitatama^jcun, Tokyo 1WI-12, are work aro'rad 705U, 14,150.14,250,31,250 and 28.360
Japanes? K,W»L.V who sppk eorrsapondence with U.B-. liams- kHz . . . . . OJflMl, operated on Market reef by Oils
to-be* Which reminds us to correct the option irn 3K<;i> 2KK and scored 2700 QSOs Kebniary 2fith
JA7UBG'* picture in vur March pages, Aiikio ia through March und. OH2NB tells W1CW t>ie party
•JAYDtitx/Wz lit a postal SAtise only, Mui the *>hoto in of riskily swung in by plane, landing on pack F e e ^ "All
his back-home station. We understand that U A \rr<bas- the gmat guys we worked from Greece made our stay
rtadnr t« p'apan W3AC7K is investigating reciprocity pos- there tnewt Pidoyabl*/' chorus BVfe WBB and Wll, head-
sibilities WA2FDG hopes to opurate from 4Z4IW ing homeward KBONV relays word of the pasting
this susrimer, and WSJZJ returns to Vietnam in a military of BPtiPZ, a builder and opemtor par e*^ell«mce. Jan helped
rol^ tu see tfhat HWH prospects might be pifmvor ham radio in Poland as far back as 19SJ J under the
"HHKACV works Hp and Ift meters uri Mv*n-*mmbered call TPA K f W W U warns that Nottingham ART
days of tbe mouth at UtfO OMT and earlier/1 finds will h w e GB3FCN on severs] bands and nn»dps ov^r the
WA3JGY "9NIKA is leaving Nepal for New middle two weeks of July to help erfphrafA thp K«-stival of
Delhi," I warns WB2WLTQ who juined UKlMM, VU3* Nottingham, Thr in fam mm Sheriff is due to get bested by
RfcO 0) 4 K ST and others in dedicating Horn hay school KobinTloofi again in Sherwood F o m t , . . WA1 Kirfr
station VU2BKH this spring, "The 10-meter band waa wid«? disoovera that LU1DNXT, OK1AQI, WAs 4MITB
uoczi at VUSOLK. QHH from stations calling us wore out and WH2VHD am uuir^ membi-rs <rf his Hungarian
the tifteen uperatois present at an impromptu hamfest," ham club Kngland's Buttttia mentions
WN1HA, by the way, was runaerwiip to Miss California SAW), 37411, 7030, 70W), 14,0!)0, 14.200, 'Jl.140,
in the IMS Miss America pageant W2NSI) and 28,QUO kHs h* frnqut-iicies used by itoyjWnit
visited Amman and King tlussem in April for some (•••gal hams in Kum^nii
CjSOs from -f VI, The luyal layout features a TX1B-H4B-M
vnmbo ami a vertical duw for henm replacement
1M8XFO and SJGtiXPO radiate from the Japan world's
fair l^URL 1 ! KA network now meets week ends
at \WU and 24W GMT mi 14,204 kllr,
FRICA — "I've been OKI Chagua since December and
AVQ80D.
L hnvf* recently heen license! hew «a VCjAClV' writes
^ S t r a v s 1&
"Tried tn gut on the air in Februan* but my
DS-41) olste transformer burned up and my VFO stopped
functioning* I'm trying a transformer replacement which Any r j i t amateur lortuorly from Malta please
nets terribly hot and have the VFO working attain but 1 contact W 1 I K E .
would appreciate asMuttance and advice." Anand is reach-
able via his VQRtJD addrww . . _ "fcS&SV hunts
Idaho. Nevada, now Mexico, Utah and Wyoming for
WAtf/' says KtfEUZ " M y Advanced ticket ran
nut before I went to Africa/' £ plains ui-ifGlUli, "I'm Feedback
atudytng to roakft hUtra hut this will take time/* > . . . . . A photo caption on pagp 7fl of March 1970 QST
5Tfi»G f making many ARDXCT1 friends, is the subject of
ifvmment bv W4JDK: "George is F2DEL formerly FB8CJ, Indicated that J A 7 D B G t v u using reciprocal oper-
KK8AO, Kt8Ati, TNftttU and dUfiCV. Ifn arrived in ating privileges in the United State*. This, uf course,
Aiauritania in cuid-January fnd hecariie active on ew was an error ainoe there la currently no licensing
with 30 watts and a dlpole. After ^rfiRi.J ^et^ nn mo with
a new 3B-300-400 L hope he doesn c forget bis cw friends.9' rtscipiurity betwo^n the U.S. and Japan.
African oddments the clubs proa: PBSWW
uses i£B»TLrs wandcrinff transceiver t«ffeotivcIy on 211 ssb.
. , , PJSfHDandcnIleatfnrsicrtiW mm* nXpeditinn-minHeH
after their A2 go< - - - TJlAW should be multimodiiuc on
several bands for another year. . , . Former fcttlCJ signs
7tJ7BB sUnla with PArfVO Thursdays at \WU fiMT
artHind 2I.3UU kHs.
(\CEANTA — " M y location >m Betio ivlnnd^ Tarawa,
v y is just 82 miles north of the equator/* describes VR10
rOiNRA). n Betio is all coral sand with » ivater level
mx to eight fwt below the surface, My bungalow is about
10 fnet from the wuith br*t*U sc> my station is iinarly mari-
Ume» I'm hoping for another few thousand QSOs on 14,
21 and 28 MHz before I leave the Gilberts at vftar's Ctui/1
^We'v^ been living in Atistralia about two years/1
rnrmtnta WASCiGl, w h w UM KW^tZ ta vidrly wnrkrd on
20 as VKflUB . "VKffHAl had «nm* two thousand
c<>ntacta from Heard Island/' figures W7PHO
fVatic pointers courtesv dub no\^hawks:VR5LT(VEC6LT)
a tw<vvaar Tonffa t«>ur. , . . KX-PKIK-K rjf thn
late *4fls is bark at it ns YHlKW. . . . Timor is
all a^rlimmer with OR8m Ml and At nn mdeh»nH, V.l
occasionally on rw. . » . KA0H<* may join Jni\AiI'a
Mamna isle fun as KA1B early nert month on 10 throtzidi
'A) meters.
t7tJROPE — " 0 X 3 F D fOZSFDI goes QRT on the 16th
C / i.f thia month/' v.arnn WB8ABM. "Tn July Finn plans
ot>nraUon in Andorra, Franc* and po^ihly Spain, later
maybe in Nigeria. I'm scheduUng OX3FD Sundays at
l^WO OMT on 21,050 klls," Notes from the
Germany*: 2 AT I) 2BOO and ftMAO pool talents
for UX ron teat work as HMfiAU now anil then. . . .
DL7DC says the DJ-PPC-DL ganiC ^vill be hunting fast 14 THE MklE "THlK^r ABOUT THAT
D?C QSOs during DAAC'a summer Md day on the t>th- ^AWOUVLA<aET? AKT6HMA K T H A T
7th o? this month* fto will am»teura in ^thcr European
c^iuntriea, . • . UUlWlft ttiing is cnUecHng different tTA THE W T KWOW V i £
counties, according to WAtflJEK* Kelmut likes U(040^ HAN& A 20-M6.TEP B E A t A / *
ll t 0M kit* plus or minus *ero GMT. . . . ULiWJ

104 QST for

 Operating GEORGE HART, WINIM

News Administration; LILLIAN M. SALTEfc, W1ZJE

ELLEN WHITE, W1YTM,
Dtputy Cannot. Mgr.

DXCC: ROBERT L. WHITE. W1CW Training Aid* GERALD PINARD

Con ft*: ALBERT M. NOONfE, WAIEQM Public S»rvic#: WILLIAM O. REICBERT, WA9HHH
Section QSO Parties. Every month the "Station will miss it if their issue arrives late, so it would be
Activities'' part of this column contains at least advisable to plan it for the May issue, This means
one announcement of a Section QSO Party of one the SCM should iiave it before March lO^nd you
kind or another, usually sponsored by an affiliated should be planning and finalizing the details iji
club. These are squeezed into each issue on a February.
"space available'* basis. That is, they are not What, almost five months ahead? That's right, to
charged against the SCM's quota of space, which is be on the safe side this is what it takes: otherwise,
determined roughly by the number o! ARRL you may he faced with a last-minute rush, and
members in his section. Nevertheless, what appears that's where errors both of commission and omis-
in Station Activities is largely the SCM*s bailiwick. sion occur.
Oh, we have some editorial rules to help make the
content of each column more readable, but other IL Cleanup. In all the fretting and fuming about
than this the SCM is the sole judge what appears incentive licensing, one amateur (sorry, lost his
in his monthly QST column. identity in the pilcup, but thanks, OM> suggested
Section QSO Parties are good activities. Every that perhaps one of the benefits overlooked is the
section should sponsor one once in a while; it helps necessity for cleaning up signals and reducing
put your section on the map, and it gives an power to the minimum needed to complete a
often-needed boost to section morale and spirit. If contact Both clean signals and minimum power
you or your club are interested in an activity of are required by the rep* but you wouldn't know it
this nature, it would also help publicize your club listening to the bauds, any more than you would
throughout the section. However* it is necessary to know that the speed limit on the freeway in 65 by
clear this matter with your SCM before it can be watching the cars whiz hy when you hold to that
put into QST. Then, it would be appreciated if you speed. If those of us restricted to the general bands
make the announcement as brief and to the point would all undertake a "cleanup" program and turn
as possible. If that issue happens to be cramped for clown the power to the amount needed to com-
space* it may he necessary to chop it to fit plete the contact, there would be quite a bit more
whatever space is available, (incidentally, this loom fat everybody. Of course it goes without
comes under the heading of editorial, prerogative, saying that this applies to the unrestricted licensees
not censorship,). The simpler the rules, the more too! After all, they're supposed to set the example.
participants you will get, but be sure the rules are W1AW Morning Qualifying Runs. In December
complete, so that the prospective participant will of 1969, for the first time, W1AW transmitted a
know what he i* supposed to do. morning qualifying run. This was so well received
One thing is especially basic - be sure the SCM that a second one was scheduled for Mar. 24,1970,
gets the copy in time to coincide at least with the Again the participation made it worthwhile, so
issue of the month of the activity, and preferably three more morning runs are being scheduled this
(we hope the postal service will improve, but better year - June 17. Sept. 18 and Dec. 17, Mark your
not count on it) the issue before i t 1'or example: calendars, you swin^sliifters, and get that CPC!
this month's (June QST) copy was prepared by the
SCM on or about the tenth of April, covering Extra CW Practice. Good cw practice is getting
March activities in his section. If copy for a hard to come by outside the amateur bands now;
proposed early June QSO Party is included* many all you hear is a lot of beadle-beadle stuff.

O P E R A T I N G E V E N T S (Dates In G M T )
JUNE
3W&OWPQual. Run
6Minn. Q S O Pty., p- 0 7 M a y
6-7E U FDr How's D X
10W 1 A W Qual. R u n
13-14tfHF Q S O Pty M p. 6 3 M a y
Ore. Q S O Pty.« Sta. Act.
14-20 Mass. Contest, p. 112 M a y
17 W 1 A W Morning Qual. R u n
20-21 Bermuda Contest, H o w ' s D X
JULY
2 W 6 0 W P Qual. R u n
4-6 Y V Contest, H o w ' s D X
11-12 Open C D Pty., cw, this
Issue
16 W 1 A W Qual. R u n
13-19 Open C D P t y - phone,
this Issue
H K Contest, I A R U N e w s
Bermuda Contest, H o w ' s D X
12-13 VHF QSO Pty.
AUGUST
5 W 5 0 W P Qual. R u n
8*9 O h i o Q S O Pty.
14 W 1 A W Qual. R u n .
SEPTEMBER
3 W 6 0 W P Qual. R u n
11 W 1 A W Quat. R u n
12 F M T
I d W 1 A W M o r n i n g Qual. R u n

June 1970 103

WA3LKH advises us, however, that NSS, in Anna-
polis, Md., is still banging away on 5870, 8090,
12,135, 16,180 and 20,225 U B at 0300, 0700,
0900, 1000, 1100, 1400, 1500, 1830, 2000 and
2100 GMT, speed of 22 wpm;talso at 0030,0430,
0600, 1230, J 700 and 1830 GMT at 18 wpm. Just
the thing for you general and extra class prospects,
and what a range of frequencies and selection of
times. Remember, use it for code practice only! -
W1NJM.
CLUB COUNCILS AND FEDERATIONS
British Columbia Amateur Radio A&KKiation. Mr. D o t
Ciilmour* VRTVH, Secy., It SO Co max Ht., Vukvuvm, 5, U, C,
Canada.
Canadian Amateur Radio Federation, Mr* K, E, Rotison.
} Wichita Amateur Radio Cluh, Inc., Wichita, Kans.
VFJCRL, Secy,* SJ Westgien Cm, Islington. Ontario, Canada.*
Council of Connecticut Amateur Radio Clubs, Mr. James W.
Parker, KIVIl, Secy., 17 West Main Street, Niantic, Coon.
1)0.157.
Federation of Lastern Massachusetts Amateur Radio
A*mucU lions* Mr. Eagene Hntinp, W1VRK, l-oroit
Avenue, Swampscutt, Man. ol ^(J?,
Michigan Council nf Amateur Radio l3ubs, Mr, Merton A.
Henry, hJili'fU, Pres., Stlllwell Ave., Lansing, Michigan
4SOI o.
Ohio Council of Amuteur Radio Clubs, Mr. James W. Benson,
WfcOUU, Secy.. 14b3 Kingapatb Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45331.
Puget Sound C-oundl of Amateur Kadio clubs, Mr. Jerry
Settgman, W7BUN, Secy*. JZJOo-ftflth. Avenue bat, Puyallup*
Wash. 9U7I.
San Diego County Amateur Radio Council, Inci, Louise
IJavia, WftNSR, Secy., 15* Anw, ftl Cnjon, Calir,
^2010.
Tennenee Council of Amateur Radio Hub*. Mr, William
Orlgiby, K4MQI. Secy., Mohawk Drive, Cleveland, Tenn. 37311.
Tuba Council of Amateur Kadio Clubs, Mr* tarry KusseN,
KSZCJ, Secy„ 11714 Kut 17th. i'lace, Tulsa, Oklahoma 7412V.
ARRL AFFIUATKD CLUB HONOR ROLL
In these days of raisins requirement* lH< one place and
lowering them in another, the affiliated club that can maintain
its A . KRI' membership it 100T deserves »»ine special
recognition. Headquarters bestows such recognition twice j year
in the form of on honorary hating in QST and a special
certificate.
Each year, at annual affiliated club questionnaires are
received, those showing that off their members are also ARRL
members are noted and put aside fur this special honor. The list
below are those rluh* who are 100% ARR1. according to
questionnaires »u far received. If your club Is ICKWfi ARRL,and
Is not listed below, it means we do nut have your questionnaire
form yet; till it out and send It in, so you will make the next
listing of too*. ARRL Clubs in Itecemfaer1 {Mftt Lmdjc* and
putlcrara, cur Affiliated llub Honor Roll
Aeronautical Center Amateur Radio dub, Oklahoma Ctty, Okla.
Anderson Radio Club* Anderson, S- C-
Athens Amateur Radio Club. Athena. Cra.
ttiughamton Amateur Radio AjiMt., Inc., Ringhamton, N. V,
Canal Zone Amateur Radio Association, ttalboa, Carnal Zune
Central Kentucky Amateur Radio club, Inc.. Campbellsvllle, fty,
Connecticut Wireless Association* Inc., Newtagton, Conn.
IHvenport Radio Amateur club, Jtevenport, Iowa
Honda DX Club, Lake Placid, Ha.
Florissant Valley Comm. CoU- ARC* {Ferguson. Mo.
Foundation for Amateur Radio, Ethel Smith, K4LMB, Swy., 2012
Rockingham Street. McLean, Virginia 23101.
bountain Ctty Kadio Chib,fountainCity, Tenn.
Golden Triangle l>X Club. Semtnok, fcla.
tioldfield Radio Club, Goldfield, Iowa
Haddontidd 'teen Hams Association. Haddonftrld. N.J.
lngJemod Amateur Radio Club. Inc.. inglewood, Calif*
IRC Amateur kadio Clnb. Philadelphia, Pa.
I.*urtntian UK Club, Dollurd ddes-urmeaux,K 0-. Canada
Limestone Amateur Radio Club* Athens, Ala.
Lockheed Amateur Radio club, Bur bank. Calif.
Lung Island DX Association, Middle Vdlage, N. V.
taudon County Amateur Radio Club, Lenoir City, Tenn.
tauisvlllefasA. Electric Co. ARC, Louisville. Kv.
Lower Columbia Amateur Radio Association, Lougriew, Wahh.
Mason County Radio Club* Ludington, Midi.
Maasillon Amateur Radio Cub, Maaslllon, Ohio
Miami Valley Amateur Radio Contest Society, tvnterville, Ohio
Mid-lslond Radio Huh, k't*e\*>rU N. Y,
Mike and Key KadloAmateur Hub, Camarillo* Calif.
Norfolk. County Radio Ai^iciation, Norwood* Mass.
Norfolk Radio Cluh, Norfolk, Nebraska
North Aufiihta-Belvrrfere Radio Club. Helvetiere. S. C.
IWtheast Nebraska Kadio Cluh, Pender, Nebraska
a B. P, fl Club, St. Louis, Mo.
lUa Contest Club. Chelmsford. Mass.
106
Orange Amateur Radio Club. Inc., Orange, Lexm
Cirder of Boiled Owls, Columbus Ohio Chap., CoJumbuajOhto
Potomac- Valley Radio Club, Arlington, Virginia
QRP Amateur Radio Club, NYC.Chapter UrooUyn. tL V.
Radio Amateur IVansnritting Society, Nashville. Tenn,
Radio Operators Aaaovktion of New Bedford, New Bedtord, Ma
Aadions, Lancaster, N. Y,
Koipe Radio Cluh, tnc,, Rome, N. V.
St. lA>ui% Amateur Radio (Huh, Inc., St- l^iula. Mo.
&mta te init VHF Club, Inc., Gardner. Kansas
Swaaota Amateur Radkci W i , (nc„ Aurasota* We,
Scarboro Araataur Kadio Club, lonrnto, OnCanada
Skagit Anateur Ra<ho Club, lnc.« Skagil County* Wash.
Southern California VHP Radio Cluh, Inc., Norwalk, Calif.
Springfield Amateur Radio Club, Lnc,* Springfield, Ohio
'T-9 Cluh, Beverlyk Mass.
Town of Barnstable Radio Club, Hyannis, Mass.
Victor Valley Amateur Radio Club, VIctorvUle, Cfttir.
Walton Radio Association, Walton, N.
Wlndblowm VHb Society, Inc., Pa tenon, N.J.
ELECTION NOTICE
Tn til A RRL member* to the Sections listed Mow:
Yuu are hereby notified that no election for Section
Communications Manager is about to be held in your respective
sections* This notice aupenednv previous notice*.
Nominating petitions are Mtfklted. The signatures of five o
more ARRL full member! or the Section concerned, in good
standing, are rtquirprf on each petition. No member shall sign
more than new petition.
bach candidate for Section Communications Manager must
meet the following requirements prior to deadline date listed
below: (t) Holder of amateur Conditional data license or higher.
(2) A licenced amateur for at leant two year* immediately price
to lamination, i it An ARKL full member for at least two years
immediately prior to nomination*fetltlonamust be received on
ur before 4:30 PM nn the clnaing dates spacMed. In C4m wher
no valid nominating petitions were received In response to
previous notice** the dosing dates are aet ahead to the da tea
given herewith. The complete name, address, Zip code and
gtatlon call of the candidate and signers should be Included with
the petition. It Is advisable that eight or ten full-member
tignaturea be obtained, 4ince on checking names against
Headquarters tiles, with notlme to return invalid petitions for
additions, a petition may be found Invalid hy reasons or expiring
niembenblpt, individual signer* uncertain hp ignorant of the
memberabi p status, etc.
Ejection* will take place immctflatety aftCT the clnalng dates
Specified for receipt of nominating petitions. The ballots mailed
from Headquarter* to full mrinbei* will list In alphahetiril
xequence names of all eligible candidates.
The following nominating form is suggested. iSlgness should
he sure to give city, street address and rip mdej
Communications Manager, ARRL {place and date]
11% Main St., Newlngton, Conn, 0*111
We, the undersigned full members of the ARRL
Section of the J3rviaian, hereby nominate «,,, on
Candidate for Section Communication Manager for thh Section
for the next two-yew term of office.
Ynu are urged to take the initiative and file nommatlni
petitions immediately,
ueonfe Hart, WINJ3A< Commnteitlon* Managn
Ftejrnf
Hon Oat* o Trrm End*
Arizona June 10, 1970 Aug. 9,1V70
ci. KL Hamtnan
W.N.Y. June 10, IV7A H < M- Pftveruse Aug-17, 1970
Iowa tune 10, 1970 W. L. iohnson Aug, 17, 1970
Idaho lune 10. 1^70 n A. Crisp Aug. 17, 1970
SJ.V. June 10, 1970 K * baroyan Aug. JO, 1970
Quebec July 10,1070 J, Ibey June II,1470
Montana luly Itt. 1470 i. A, D'Arcy Sept- 9,1470
N. Texas July 10, (970 L k- IJarrcson Sept. 12, 1*70
Nevada Aug. 10. 1471) M. Norman Oct. II, 1970
Kentucky sept, lo, 1970 G. S. Wilson III * Nov. 12, 1970
KLKCTTON RESULTS
Valid petitions notiunating a single candidate as Section
Manager wtre filed hy members in the following sections,
completing their election tn accordance with regular League
potlcy, each term nf office Ktartlng on the date given.
K. Mc Taggart, KoSRM Mar. 10.1970
Conn. John J, McNasaat, WtCVT April IK 1470
V, A- Chihoo. K90AL May 29, 1970
K.N.Y. (Sraham U Berry, klSJN June lo, 1470
Krank U Raker, Jr„ WiAL^ June 14* I97n
£
Wayne M. Moore, W7C0L Jutt*?V 1970
QSrfor
 Jn the Ohio Section of the Gnnt Lukes Division, Mr. KicturU
A. Ygbert, WRRTU, ami Mr. Harry A, Tunnnondv WBBAH, were
nominated. Mr. t^beit received 1260 vute* nnd Mr. lummonds 5 B DXCC
received 614 votes. Mr. liyberffc term of office begun March 28,
1*70,
No, 21 - K3JH
No, 22 - HB9J

DXCC Notes
Due to the postal strike which occured during
the month of Maruh, the Honor RoE which would
normally appear in June will appear in the July
issue.

® D X C E N T U R Y C L U B A W A R D S Q
From March I, 1970 through March 31, 1970, DXCC certificate* haaetl nn contact* which IQ0-or»mnre countries
have been issued by the ARKI. Headquattrri to the amateurs listed. The three columns at the right show
iuua.ii con for radio telephone operation.
7$cm

PY3APH 261 VC4frG 110 W4LX5 102 PYtNBr DK2MO (26 m«iu (03
XRIKS 244 M7BWV 10H W4MGL 102 WtiQJW 302 WB9U<ffi 1 VH2DJK |<I3
W4DQF> 18$ OH3YK JUS G3WZT 101 K20LG Col WRlLH/VKfi WAIIX'M Id3
K2DLG I<i2 WAJHIN Ki A( t 101 PA2CX 15* 113 rrruo I'll
K41K Ihi !«« K3FP0 toi miKL 152 K5BBA 121 kt<;ya l<l(
WbSO 101 DL7KB 107 K7GYA 101 t'2YS 149 W0 Y K A V20 WA1KYW lot
WA8SAM IS2 K3AC! 107 K^MMK 101 L.A6RI, 144 WA5ACT 5? 119 I0(
K4KJK 147 WAjcri: 107 W4DVG 101 PY1ASQ 1.19 IV7BKR HO WA4JKO 101
K4HEF76 12* WA9YZN |<>7 W91VB 101 WAKSAU MK IIW G5AHX ion
W2NYIJ 125 OF3FWIV 105 K7PJR 100 K4bJK 1 34 YV4WT tiw KSRftQ lor»
DI4PI 122 WlJrW 104 K9JDV 100 fyJS 1 J? W90KL 1U? w-ypr Itiii
OKjru 122 WB2KWY 104 K^BFA UM) Oh&AKW 131 W3NNK (Ob wavH/n 100
KHfiGPM 1 IK WASUCr 104 W11W lX> PY4AP 129 W6KWM (05 ZLIBDW luo
VS3CLX 116 JAHAQX 103 WAZhjUi ion
WH2DJM 1 16 KSU»Y 103 WA2LBJ IW
EAftt'K 113 PA^AAC 103 W4CLO 100 trutorscmcnts Issued lot nmfirxnatlocis eiwUted from March
vutTJ 1 III \V.\2HI>I' 103 WA0t£tXI 100 l t 1970 through March 31. 1970 are (feted hetnw. frnriovae-
ment Ifsttnys from the 120 through the 240 level arc given in
Increments of 20, from 250 tluough 300 ia lactcsncacn of 10
and above 300 in increments, of 5. The Intalu shown do not
345 )25 270 Kl/RD WAsKfcU nen&KirilF reprastit the enact creditu given but only that the
Ck3AO WbKilH K9WKH UZ7X WB8ABN participant lu* reached the endorsement group Indicated, The
UtilLK 256),W OH 2 BR FY7tiV 140 cntumika below cnvei radiotelephone*
PV2CK JiO W2M2V W6QJW &4AKP
w:wz K6YRA WA3HUP K1AHO 345 KftlKki 250 W2DFM
W4A1T K7AOI. W4II) 2CI0 KVKUY WBbF WSKlir W411IO
W40M K0 KZH WMK'H DK.2BI SM5AWD 300 VfmH K l«0
WHK1 M'ffAQ G3AWP WH2GUK 335
WHNM H1I9TE WJDNI WU^G m v s WBlVAh H U 9MD
WIOGT 261)
W6 KUb1 WsklW HB9TL
W W5QKZ HP1HR JOLHP W3NNK W2HT1 W9BL.X K2F.UB
MO *»aKH PYiliH K6GAK W3YT W40M U'SARH
SM&K' K0AKS W4DMS WKQJR VV BGM K KJSHU
UL1 (N 315 K^HTH
DL7AA W28TV
SM6CKS htyDYM W5HKW
WbYRA WK(JAS W^ML K4
240
K T A WJ UWg
K2HZT SP6AAT RTH 330 WIKtH
LA7Y WB2CKS W1FIX PY1NKW W7KXM DL^OH 290
PY3APH
WB2MWW
VK2NV 310 W4ICK1 WAZHt.X W7GSP Gi 31V J RoHC W3HTO
W*PT iAlADN W4KK7 WA0OVU WTV3L K4U1. WJAEV W3MP
W4U0D
W7PHO tttfDY* WHfeLf- WASWMH wai'nr
PY7YS 250 [80 WOGHO W20KM \V4JiA WA3HIIP WHKRK
335 W4UK.A KHASP WSPijA WSHL WA4WT« 1^0
CRftHX K2UUU PYSlKi WA2I2S WA5LUB 220 K4L1-K
m Wll'XO W31IL' 120 320 2H0 WAIIKU
PJ2HW KW iOT WH2VAE WB4GMR KSBBA K2H7T GSAFA
GI3IVJ K4b!T C^LK W2GA
K6KC W4HA W4ZSH W7ZHZ KffcKK W2WZ K4KJP WHO Ail
300 WKNPK WBCH WMZW W1SLB K ^W KH
WAN J V WjD-XK WAKHA KpCIYO UH2BAD 140
V/6IK1V K5LIL W9LNM W5MB omBK
VTAOB K6KIV WAftlM MkllU WflGKL
240 WA3BYS KHIKW
WSZCCJ KhOH I11K
160 Vfc'«VV SIS 270 WA5RFB W« iMR
W9bll. WzMUM KJSGfcl K2J Kh' \\1 AO A W2ZTV W5RNO wnrrh W7« ^P
waBtB 290 KGIVr'l WA2WVV W51WM W1FXK WA^WMH
WW K4KKK PAfVER WH2ZDY
U2tYT K4KTA Wt tSN W6BSY 260 WKKll
K4FT WIN XL 310 200 6V5AH
530 WMJHQ W4PC1W W20T UK2UI
WO PAH IIKIHAIJ W2BHK WA41H-W W2UJT W2RBK m
K4PUV 280 WttilA WJUhO W55IN1- W2Ntrr W4 rue W1L J>i3HC
WIHH HH9M1J b W3U1D W7DVQ W4UWC W7KPA IIBRN I1KRV
W2MJ K4KJt W9UVG WJWM WAvKDK 305 W S<i
K M KIDRN iAlUIR
w:rp winter WA9JIJT W4KXT WVI.'V1> JA1RR W0SMI WIIXM TI2DK
W6CAK W9BGX 220 WB4KLO W9YTF K5(K)T \V\0OAH TOim.i VtlAKN
w#rnw HR9T1J W6QFU WA0VY1

June 1970 107

 ARRL QUALIFYING RUNS .S/jttfJ* local ttmctfday* GMT timts'tfars
Any person can apply for an A R R L code 10.13,15 7:30P,M, tPS'I daily 2330 daily
proficiency award* NeJthe; League membership nor 4: VI KM. PUS1
an amateur license is required* Send copies of ail 5 WMK <|#30 P.M. IDStTSnlTh linn MWFSn
qualifying run* to A R R L for grading, stating the 13,20,25 ft' Wi P.M. PHSYU&t
call of the station you copied. If you qualify at one I m MWJ
9'OUA.M. FIISTMWP
of the ux speeds transmitted (10-35 wpm) you will
<j'00 A M. PDST
receive a certificate^ If your initial qualification Is j 5,30,25. 9:30 KM. I£DST MWI- •H 30 TThSut
for a tpeed below 35 wpm, you may try later for 20,15 4:30 KM. PDST
endorsement stickers. Each month the ARRL
Activities Calendar notes the qualifying run dates **:iJU A.M. t'DST TTh UOOTTh
for Wl AW and W60WP (W6ZRJ, alternate) fnr the 0:00 A.M. PDST
coming 3*month period. The 0130 GMT practice is omitted four times a
year on designated nights when Frequency Measur-
W1AW will simultaneously transmit a qualifying ing Tests are made in this period. To permit
run on 1.905 3,52 7.02 14.02 21.02 28.02 50.02 improving your fist by sending In step with W l A W
and 145.6 MHz at U130 GMT June 10. (In (but not over the airl), and to allow checking the
converting, 0130 GMT June 10 becomes 2130 accuracy of your copy on certain tapes, note the
RD8T June CjMT dates and April QST practice text to be sent
in the 0130 GMT practice on the following dates.
W l A W will transmit a qualifying run on the
frequencies shown above at 1300 GMT June 17. June It Seems to Us, p. v June 19: The
(in converting, 1300 GMT June 17 becomes 0900 Mainline Demodulator, p. 11 June 24: Let's Talk
HDST/0600 PDST June 17.) Transistors, p. 26 June 30: Amateur Radio Public
Service, p. 76
W6UWP CW6ZRJ, alternate) will transmit a qualify-
ing run on 3590 and 7129 kHz. 0400 GMT June 3. The subject of practice text for the following
(in converting, 0400 GMT June 3 becomes 2100 sessions is Understanding Amateur Radio, First
TOST June 2.) Edition

WlAW Code Practice July 6: On Kit Wiring, p. 131 July 8: Equipment,

p. 132
W l A W transmits daily code practice according
to the following schedule, showing speeds, local
times/days and GMT times/days. Vot practice
purposes, the order of words in each line may be
reversed during the 5-1 J wpm transmissions. (Each
tape carries a checking reference.)

WlAW SCHEDULE, JUNE

The ARRL Maxim Memorial Station welcomes visitors. Operating visiting hours are Monday through Friday
1 r.M»-l a*ac*EDflT, Saturday 7 p.*.-UX> u l EDST and Sunday 3 11:00 p.ki, ED8T. The station address
is 335 Main Street, Newington, Conn., about 7 miles south of Hartford. A map showing looal street detail will be
sent upon request. If you wish to operate, you must have your original operator's license with you.
,WVn4ay Ihumtiny \Ve<in*day ThumdnyFriday Saturday
0000 •
C.W.-OBfl1
0020-0060* ^ 3.700* 14.020 14.020 7.150* 14.020
0030 3.700* 14.100 14,100 7.150* 14,100
0100 Phone-ORS1
0105-0180* 3.820 50.120 145.600 1.820 21.270
0180 4
I k I • k • • • •

-CODE PRACTICE DAILY' (35-15 wpmTThSat), <5-25 wpm MWFSnj

0230-0800* 3.555 1,805 *555 y
<
• i k • 1 1

0300 RTTY-OB8* KTTY-OB8*

0810-0630* 3.625 14.095 7Mb 14.096 3.625
0380 Phone-OBS* Pbone-OBS"-
0335-0400* 7.220 3.820
0400 CWloBsi
<
7.220
C.W.-OBS*-
3.820 7.220
0420-0430 3-700* 7.020 3.045 7.150s 3.520
0430-0500 3.700* 7.080 8.04A
R.94A 7.150* 3.556
1300 ... -CODE PRACTICE1 (5-*5 wpm MWP} t (S5-15 wpm TTh) •
1700-1800 21/28> 21/28* 21/28* 21/28* 21/28*
looo-aooo 14.280 7.255 14.280 7.255 14.280
2000-2100 14.100 14.280 14.095 21/28* 7.080
2200-2300 21/28* 21.100* 21/28* 7.255 14.280
2300-2330 KTTYOBBV
2330 <r CODE PRACTICE DAILY118-13-15 w.p«m.
' CW OBS (bulletins, 18 wpm) and the code practice oa 1.805,3.52*7.02,14.02,21.02,28^2, 50.02, and 145,6 MHs.
3 Plione OBS (bulletins) 3.82,7.22, 14.22, 21.27. 28.52, 50.12, and 145.6 MKs.
a R T r Y OBS (bulletins) 3.625,7.095,14,095, 21.005 and 28.005 MHs.
* Starting time approximate. Operating period follows conclusion of bulletin or code practice*
A Operation will be on om of thn following frequencies: 21012,21.08,21.27, 21.41,28.02 or 28.52 MHs,
* W1 AW will lieten in the Novice snements for Novices, on the band indicated, transmitting on thn frequency shown.
7 Bulletins sent with 170-Herts shift, repeated with 850-Herts shift.
Maintenance Staff; Wis QIti WPR. * Times-days in GMT. Operating frequencies are approximate.
 t a t i o n ' j - P A c t i v i t i e s ^
• All operating amateurs are invited to
report to the SCM on the first o f each
m o n t h , covering station activities for the
preceding month. Radio Club news is
also desired by SCMs for inclusion in
these columns. The addresses o f all
SCMs will be found on page 6.
ATLANTIC DIVISION
DELAWARE - SCM, John L. "Pernod, K3NYG - SEC/PAM:
W3DKX. RM: W3EEB. A big welcome to the newly-formed
Maverick ARC, Officers of the club are W3ZNF, moderator;
K3RUJ, recorder; WN3NTC, custodian. WA3GSM is building a new
ham shack. W3DE0 is taking out a little time to do some camping.
WA3DUM would appreciate if more of the Delaware hams would
try making the MDD more often. W3EEB has a new trap dipole and
is waiting for the old one to blow down so that he can put it up.
The big wind of Apr. 2 wiped out the complete antenna system of
K3JLY and K3NYG. W3TRC has a new job teaching. W3CZS has
the world's smallest transmitter for the 3905 Net. The ARRL
Annual Director's report stated that K3GKF ranked No. 2 as top
0 0 in the nation. Traffic: W3EKB 81, W3DKX 28, WA3DUM 10,
W3TRC 10, WA3GSM 4, K3NYG 4.
EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA - SCM, George S. Van Dyke, Jr.,
W3HK - SEC: W3ICC. RMs: W3BML, K.3MVO, W3MPX. PAMs:
K3PSO, WA3GLI. VHF PAM: W3FG0. 0 0 reports were received
from WA3EEC, K3RDT, K3HNP; OBS reports from WA31HV,
WA3AFI, W3CBH, WA3EEC, W3ID, K3RDM, WA3JK0, WA3FMI;
OVS reports from WA3JWL, WA3NVO, WA3EEC, W3CL, K3WEU,
WA3FMI, WA3MCK. BPLers this month: W3FML, W3MPX,
K3NSN. WA3FMI, W3HK. WA3HBT. PSHR: W3EML, W3MPX,
K3MV0, WA3CKA, WA3FMI. The FMT brought out the same good
results: W3YQ 1.1 ppm, W3NNC 0.3 ppm, W3KJEK 16.5 ppm,
K3EMA 15.3 ppm and as usual W3BFF 0.0!
Net Ftv q. Operates QNf QTC RMfPAM
EPA 3610 6 45 P P y 392 381 W3MPX
PTTN 3610 6:00 P Dy 248 (36 W3MPX
EPAEP&TN 3917 6:00 P Dy 402 199 WA3GLI
Nets not listed did not get reports in in time. Lancaster Radio
Transmitting Societys' new officers arc K.3HEC, pres.; W3KKW,
vice-pres.; K30EN, secy.; K3MAW, treas.; W3DYT and K3EFV, dir.
Refer any would-be ham to K.3ALV, W3PNL or W3IMW of RF Hill
ARC. They are rurtning full-scale training programs for all classes of
licenses. WA3EBX is trying to get AREC moving in his area. K3HTZ
must have a female and male antenna an his farm - they are
beginning to multiply. WN3FTL passed the General Class exam, says
its heavy on transistors, ssb, antennas and interference problems. If
you missed the EPA Dinner Meeting you missed a good one.
W3MPX now has a new HW-12 going. K3MVO has retired but is as
busy with traffic as ever. The Penn Jersey YLs as a club will provide
radio communications for gals in the Powder Puff Derby which witl
terminate in Bristol, Pa. Date July 3-6. WA3CKA says traffic
business is good. WA3AFI was able to have a 30-minute QSO with
Barry Goldwater at W3USS as a demonstration for would-he hams
at the Phelps School. It was very effective! WA3CFU is building a
quad as a school project JYC Am. Radio Assn. is looking for 2&6
gear. Contact WA3MCK. RF Hill ARC reports record turnout at its
annual banquet WA3NVO added 220 MHz to his shack. K3NPC
had a ball as K3NPC/KV4 for a week. Frankford Radio Club really
is piling up scores on DX. Any DX ops interested, contact K3JLI for
information. Traffic: W3EML 684, W3MPX 511, WA3EXW 251,
K3NSN 243, K3MVO 201, WA3FMI 172, K3PIE 163, WA3HBT
162, WA3LMO 142, W3HK 117, WA3ATQ 89, WA3CKA 83,
W3AIZ 66, WA3GU 64, WA3JWL 63, WA3LVC 61, K3PSO 53,
WA3AFI 47, WA3IHV 43, WA3JZB 40, K30I0 36, WA3EEC 32,
W30Y 25, K3YVG 24, W3ADE 21, WA3CFU 20, W3VA 19,
W3CBH 15, WA3MCK 15, WA3IYC 13, W3BNR 12, W3FPC 12,
W3BUR 10, WA3CM.D b, W3CL 5, K.3NPC 5, WA3BSV 4,
WA3NVO 4, WA3BJQ 3, WA3IAZ 2, W3ICC 2, W3PVY 2, W3ID 1,
June 1970
WA3JKO 1, K3JLI 1, WA3KFT 1, K3PDU 1, K3WEU 1, W3YPF 1.
WA3LAK 108.
MARYLAND-DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA - SCM, John
Munholland, K3LFD - SEC: W3LQY. PSHR: W3EZT. Appoint-
ments: W3FDU as EC Anne Arundel County and Acting EC Howard
County; W3FCS as OPS. Endorsements: W3CSZ as 0 0 , W3ECP as
ORS, W3DYA as ORS, W3EOV as OPS, W3PYW as OO, WA3IYS as
OBS. WA31JR qualified for his Extra Class ticket VV3EOV has a
message for all OMs and YLs on his new auto license plates - the tag
number is 7388. K3STU/00 had a busy month taking part in
ARRL's hMT, chasing call-letter ' " bootleggers" on the 6-meter
band, working the CD Party and writing articles for CQ and 73
magazines. AMSAT is busy working out details for Oscax 6. W3JPT
has installed 80-meter traps in his antenna so he can join the MEPN
gang on the air. WA3IAQ has put up new dipoles for 80 and 40
meters at W3EAX. WA3GVP will resume OBS schedules after he
clears up some rig troubles. K3GPN, K3FSY and W3FGE are active
on MDD. W3FCS has joined the ever-growing list of MEPN-
MDCTN-MDD shuttlemen. W3CSZ/00 is a busy Intruder
Watchman. W3ADO had a ball running up some-kind-of-scorc in the
DX Test and beat Army in the Sweepstakes Contest Advance Class
operators WA7ETN/3, WA3NGL/3, WB2PHJ/3 and WA5NLO/3 are
teaming with a growing crop of Novice operators to keep W3ADO
transmitters logging lots of on-the-air time. W3GKP had lots of
visitors at "'Moonboujice Laboratories," among them WA3NUJ,
W4ZM, VE3CRA, G3HRH, W3AHT, WA3FTN, WA3LSL, W3AIR,
W3TFA, K4SUM and W4API. W3FA vows to complete aU the
antenna work this summer that he planned to complete last
summer. W3KCP is back from his annual trip to (Georgia and
Florida. W3FU/00 continues his activity in the Intruder Watch
program. WB4JTT and the Tidewater ARC invites all MDC amateurs
to a hamfest on June 20 at Lakewood Park, Norfolk, Va. 23505.
For details on tickets and program, write WA4SPE, P.O. Box 9701.
W3MVB has been busy DXing, building new 4-1000 finals and
antennas for all bands, "OOing" and giving instruction to newcomer
operators. W3LDD has 100 confirmed contacts for 5BWAS but
finds the 20-meter gang a bit slow QSLing. W3CBG has reserved
Shelter 301 in Patapsco State Park near the Route 40 exit for the
MDC Traffic Nets Picnic July 26. Traffic: WA3IJR 279, W3TN 244,
W3ADO 101, W3EZT 101, W3FA 71, W3FCS 54, K3LFD 54,
W3EOV 47, W3LQY 31, WA3GXN 28, W3EAX 25, K30RW 17,
WA3ERL 16, W3ECP 15, WA311V 12, W3ZNW 12, WA3LWT 11,
WA3LKJ 10, K3GZK 8, K3QDC 8, W3CRE 2, WA3GVP 2.
SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY - SCM, Charles E. Travers, W2YPZ
- SEC: W2LVW. RMs: WA2KIP, WA2BLV. PAMs: W2ZI,
WA2UVB. South Jersey Radio Assn. put on a very fine program
recently in commemoration of its fifty years of ARRL affiliation.
Speech-making, including one by ARRL Director W3EPC, was well
received by a large audience, as was the ARRL Movie 'The Ham's
Wide World." Because of the pressure of business, it was necessary
for WB2WAK, Gloucester County ARC pres. to resign. W2FBF is
the new pres. and WB2FJE, vice-pres. Ken Newman, our OO, has
been doing an excellent piece of work in conducting programs and
explaining the importance of the " 0 0 " to the ham fraternity.
W2PEV, net mgr. of the NEPT Net, informs me that the recent
interference experienced on the net frequency has been resolved for
the present and reports 31 sessions of the net for Mar. with 555
QNTs and a traffic total of 395. These NCSs are to be commended
on a job well done: W2ZQ, WA2FRZ, WB2FJE, WA2TAF,
WA2BAN, W2PEV, WA2DRH. The Southern N.J. section is
represented in the Public Service Honor Roll by WB2DRG, placing
him in this group for three consecutive months. Randy has had
hospital confinement but bounces right back to do a fine job. The
DVRA of Trenton will make a tour of the Lawrenceville, N.J.,
overseas radiotelephone station of the American T and T Co. The
station and vast antenna system cover about 300 acres and handles
traffic for all parts of the world. W2ZI made arrangements. Traffic:
(Mar.) WB2VEJ 203, W2PU 66, WB2DRG 45, WB2GDY 38,
W2BLM 33, K2RXB 29, W2YPZ 28, W20RS 9, W2IU 4, WB2SFX
3, W2ZQ 2. (Feb.) WB2DRG 55.
WESTERN NEW YORK - SCM, Richard M. Pitzeruse, K2KTK
- Asst. SCM: Rudy W. Khrhardt, W2PVL SEC; W2RUF.
Appointment renewals are WB2ZDP as OVS, W2FXA as 0 0 and
111
K2AYQ 31 EC. Tbe response to the bulletin I mailed in late Max. has ILK 3760 OOOOZDy I SI
been more thin i would have imagined, Jf you did not receive a NCPN ,WS l.WOZM-Sa
cap/, let me know and I will get one to you. The RAGS Hamfest NCPN 3919 I gooZ M-Ha
was a real success with an unusual auction being the highlight of the III PON .WIS 724SZ M-F — 141
111 PON 3915 1430ZM-F l
event. K2AYQ holds title to a new Swan 270. Wayne report* his 111 PON I4S^ 0200Z M-W.F. 34
AREC group is handling communications for the White Water Derby 111 PON 50.28 U200ZM 9
at North Creek. WN2MBN h looking for a Novice traffic net in Gt. Lakes 3932 02302 Dy rt*
which to wet Us feet. WA2MDJK is pleading for QSOs between 145
and 147 MHz, Anyone interested In a sked with Lyon Mountain The Ninth Region Net had a traffic count or 707 during Feb.,
might drop him a card. WB2FPT meanwhile U looking For RTTY according to W9HRY. W9SXL is trying to build up his C & A
nets. WB2ZDP Is literally raising the roof at fab shack - adding railroad antiques and would like to communicate with anyone who
dormer*. The Plmira Amateur Radio Assn. has a class of 22 h a some to give him. W91.NQ report! that the Mar. snow storm
prospective Novices. W2PTY has # new Amateur Extra license. damaged hb antenna systems W8FAW and WA0SDC are now
WA2URW has the tujuttan to family arguments caused by too much working for Motorola bt Schaumbuig. WA9ZFR has dropped the
hamming - he operates from work! NCARC held its Annual Banquet "N" from his calL W9r?H is recovering from a serious hospital siege
Apr. IS. WA2ILH N the new Chautauqua County RACKS Radio and doing One at home. WN9DKX is a new Novice in the Chester
Officer. NY5 deared 341 menage* with 13 different NCSs and 13 area. WA9LHU has been appointed Chief Radio Officer in DeWht
liaison stations to 2RN. WA2AIV eaady qualified for 0 0 Class 1 County Civil Defense. WN0WFA and WN0URC fnow WR9DEF]
with an m-timy of 45.1 ppm in the recent t'MT, WA21CB has just have moved to Belleville. K9WMP gave a talk on 4lMotorala*s part in
introduced himself to net operation and report* he is havings ball Two Way Communication" at a recent Yoifc Radio Club meeting.
W2CPP now has the complete S/Llne on from home and has a Swan Our sympathy to the family and friends of K9RIC, W9MRH and
rig on from his otTtce (WB2QGK) at Stellar Industries, WB2WGF W9PEZ, who recently passed away. WA9ZLN passed the Advanced
lust his 15-meter beam m a late winter storm. B&-WA2BSN returns Clan exam. W9HSD and W9KFQ participated in the ARRL
tn hsm radio as WB2YKY. W2EMW worked 45 Asians in Mar, Frequency Measuring lest. WA9AIH and his XYL WA9 All have just
K2PVN got hitched, WB2YQH participated in the ARRL DX TeaL finished building an SB-200 linear to ohase the DX stations. Tbe
W2FXA says the Niagara. Pointier DX Asstu b going Tor real in Field Moultrie Amateur Radio Kiub held Its 9th Annual Hamfest at
Day. W2WS has a nrw T4X/R4B combination and is operating on Sullivan and many an eyeball QSO was held by the gang. WB9ARZ
«b and cw. W2DXZ, W2WRR, K2JI and K2KAM have been elected U now General Class. The Starved Rode Radio Club will hold its
to the RAWNY board of directors. WK2BXL doc* a nice job as Annual Hamfest Sun., June 7 at tbe 4H clubgrounds \ the same place
NCS on NYSPTEN, Sorry to itpurt the Vow of W2BKC- Klccted «i* previous yeawj. The Six Meter nub's Annual Pfcnic will be held
officers of the NYSPT&EN are WB2VJB, WA2ILK, WA2YJB and Sun., Aug. I'ranktort, I1L rllie Hamfesters get-together will be
K7VCZ, W20E made the BFU W2* MTA, FR, g c , RUF, K2s KIR, held Sun,, Aug. 9, at the Santa Fe Park near Chicago. W9AZP is
KTK, WA2s DHS, CAL and ICU mnde the PSTfR. Traffic: (Mar.) recuperating in the hospital after surgery. W9KDN is the only BPL
W2FR 416. WA2CAL 365. W20fc W2RIJF JH4, K2RYH 143. recipient this month. Traffic: K9AVQ 310, W9EUN 301,
W20C 17*, WB2VND US. W2MTA MA. W2HYM 101, WA2ICU WA9WNH/9 173, W9NXG 144,W9£VJ 121. W9HOT I2t,W9FIF
82, WA2JDHS 74, WA2AWK. 54, W2RQF 52, W2FEB 44, W2MSH 114, WA9ZUE 70, WA0MU-WB9UPU 66. W9FHJ 65, WA9ZPL
44, WA2BEX 35, K2K1R 29, WA2HJY 24, W2DBU 22. K2DNN 21, 62, WA9NZF 58, WA9i.DC 44, WA9BRQ 41, W9LNQ WA90BF
K.2KTK 21, WB2HL1 20, WB2YKY 20, WA2ICB 17, K2IM1 17, 10, W9HJM 9, WA9LHU S, WB9AJB 7, WVPRN 7, W9LMI 6,
WA21LE 16, WB2WGF 16. W2AFB 15, WA2JZZ 15, K2UIR 15, WBFAW/9 6, K9HSK 5.
K20FV 13„ WB2YFK U W2PVI 12, WA2AIV 11, WA21YB 10,
K2RTO 7, WB2YHM 7„ W2CFP 6, W2PNW 6, WA2GLA 4, INDIANA - SCM, Wlliam C. Johnson, W9BUQ - SKC: W9FC.
WA2ANF J4 WR2FPG 3, W2EMW I. (Feb.) K2RYTT 101. VAlANfi KM: W9FC, W9HRY. WA9WMT. PAMs: K9CRS, WA90HX.fVHl>»
7. Total 2705. W9PMT-
WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA - Acting SCM, U.K. Stone but twr, Net* TUntityfOay* Afar. Tfct Mgr.
WA3AKH - SFC: W3KPJ. PAMs: W3WFR, K.3ZNP. RMs: I FN W10 (J3n |>y JJrt WA40I1X
WA3AJCH. W3KUN, W3LOS* W3NEM. TraRlc net*: WPA. nuuu M-K
GMT 3585 kHz: OTP, 0300 GMT 3955 fell* dally. The Kl*stone ISN J4I0 oooo Dy 440 »CRS
Slow Speed TtafTtc net mil resume operation Oct 5 Alter the mu&l 2J JO M-S
summer vacation. The Uniontown ARC ofTicert am K3UQP, prtu,; 2330 K-S
Q1N nnoo [iy
Ely 3ft:) WA9WMT
K3RLB, vice-pres.; W3YNI, treas.; W31U1Z, secyr They announce 1TN 3740 oooo
0000 Dy 17 WA9WHT)
the Gafest date has been « t for Sat^ Sept. 5. Talk-in station IHW 3410 1245 Ru.
Su. 3t« WA0YXA
W3LWW/3 will be in operation on MHz and 5u.4u MHk For PON VHF 5u+7 0200
02CI0M-Thu
M-Thu SOS WB9AMB
tie Foothills RC Hamfest June 14 at Wfendcll, hi. WA31PU hat Hnnsier W9PMT
renewed his participation in Navy MARS. WA3K(it:, a student at VHF
Ca« Western Reserve UTB upcratesdub Nation WXKDU. WAJJbN, With deep regret 1 report WA9PJJ, of Logansport and W9HSF, of
able NCS or WPP Net. ha* a t * * remote vfo tor his Galaxy SMK3. Mooresville as Silent Keys, All Novices, take note that the Indiana
Doug vays it's great for QNt two nets umulfancnusJy! WA3JPB and Teenage Net Is on 3740 kc. at 0000Z daily: WA9WHD is the net
WN3MHY will enter Carneide Mellon JJ. as freshmen «t WA3AWR la tngr. WA90TL hat been named Asst CM Defense Director for
awarded his PHD from the same linivennty. License upgrading: Griffith. WA9WCE m i K9JQY have upgraded their liccraes.
W3NMP to Extra Class and new call W3WZ: WA3NOMand WA3MST K9CEG will be mobile until early fall. SEC W9FC would like more
to General Class, The Radio Assn. uf Kne DXpedition planned tor fiCs to send in reports. W9UC reports that the Fort Wayne Radio
this summer has been rescheduled for Jan. 1U71 hetaaseuf weather Club fs giving code classes two nights a week on 50.2 mc. IFON ners
conditions which prevail In the Senana Bank rvginn from May have two not in the net colunuu 3918 daily, 50.175 M-T and Th.
through Nov. K30UK receotly returned from military *rvice and is Q1N Honor Roll: W9DDP 25, W9JBO 25, K9VHY 24, K9HYVIX
becoming active in Erie amateur radio activities. K3SJD won the WA9WMT 21, WA9KAG 19, WA9WHD 18. WA9ZKX 18, W9QLW
hidden transmitter hunt nponsored by the Western Pennsylvania 15. Amateur radio exists because of the service it renders.
mobilecn. W3C1C has a new home-brew final (3100Z) going but certificates went to K9FZX, W9JBQ, W9JYO, W9L0O, WA9YX.4
reports that he has only had to use it one*! WA3BLE's major md WB9AMB. Traffic: (Mar. K9KZX 940, W9IBQ 802, W9IYO
activity is attending the University of Pittsburgh, but he still has 719, WA9Q0Q 489, WA9WMT 406, W9E00 366, WA9YXA 329,
time to wuik on five-band WAS. W9FWH U9, WB9AMB 285, W9HRY 2S6, W9ICU 184, WA9T1S
Traffic: WA31PU 230. W3NEM 215. K3ZNP 130, K3HKK. 12!, IM4, WA9VZM 161. WA9ZKX 124, W9BU0 109. K9CBY 106,
W3LOS 115, WA1AKH T05, W3KHN 101, R31ICT 5'2, K38MB 1ft. WA9UMI 92, WA90IDC 8t, WA9WJA o4. K9TOM 57, R9VHY 46,
WA3JBN 36, WA3BLK 26, WA3EXX 18, K3SOH t l , W3UT 10, K9TRS 43, WA9BHG 36. £9RWQ 33, W9LG 31, WA9GJZ 27,
K.3SJN 8. W3IPO 7, W3LOD 2. WA9WHD 2h, W9QLW 25, W9UZC 24, W9PMT 23. W9SNQ 21,
K9JQY 19, W9MZB 19, W1DRN/9 IR, WA9CHY17, WA9AXS 15,
CENTRAL DIVISION W9DDP 12, K^RPZ t2, WA9WSX 11, W9I1WR 10, K9ILK «a
WA9QEO 7, W9FC: 6. WA9VBG 6, WN9ZXS 2, W9AQW 1. (t-ehj
ILLINOIS ~ SCM. Fdmond A. Metrger, ^ P R N SK': WA9BVL7,
W9RYU. PAMa: WA9CCP and WA9PD1 (vhf). RM: WA92UP. CooIk.
County EC: W9IIPG.
WISCONSIN - SOI, S.M. Pokojny, W9NRP - SEC: W9NGT
Net Timesf Days Tfb. PAMs: WA9FZT, WA91Z1C, WA90AY, WA9QKP, WA9QNI, RMs
l£N I400ZSU 7 k^KS A, WA9TXN.

114 o s r for
 Frftfw Time(Z)iDayz QNt QTC ¥$n jhIJ WB0BC2. W0OGZ U the trustee of the rfation which U to be
BWN J9BS * 1245 M-Ss 400 214 WA90AY housed in the Slmk-jit (*e/]t*?r. WA0AYL » t h e adviirr. There should
BEN M W I Hy T?T ft* WA9QKP he five more additional Novice licensees in the Orand Forks now
Wt-PUN v t 8 0 l M-F W9VCM that W0DM> d u n at Vjtlley lr. K n applied fnr exams. tUve you
mm Dy MSA 239 WA9QNT noticeahow the NDN CW net is picking up? T.i*ten down there
WSSN 3780 *0030 TTSa 94 14 K9KSA around 3645 k H i *nd copy thou nice Ms (si. Congrats to WA0RSR,
WIN tail? • n i t s Dy 370 122 WA9TXN the RM, and you fellow* who ate helping him out, WA0HUO and
WRN 36ZO *013o Sun 43 8 K9GSC W0NMV are 4iD the top-notch trufTic movers- W0MX1' has an
SW6RN K0.4 'OJflO M^Sa IS* 4 WA9K7T
2>W2RN 145.35 *023O Dy 191 14 WA91ZK SB-101 on now and is putting out a ipod sipisITrom Bismac^,
W RACES * 1400 Su 70
kHz csr Days Sua. (W QTC
*AU nets an? one hour earlier during the Daylight Saving lime
Croose R. 1990 *
period. Net rurtrficafc* went tn W W Y L for BttN; WB9BIF for 3996t5 J730 - 14 J43 19
PON s*.
BWN: WB9HRF< for WIN; WB9ABF. WB9BR1', WA0VKI/9 and 09ihV
WA9YHF for WSSN; WB9BIF, WA9TXN and W9WYL for WSBN, I7i0 Su.
New appointment: as OPS. Renewed appointment* W9KSI ND CW 2100 M-K 25 176 SI
and WVUDD as UPSs, W90DD a* ORS. WN9AQJ, WB9AZE and RACKS 399A. 5 17 JU M-h 41 1249
WB9RXQ nre item Advanced ( 1 m . WA9SVF U now Extra. AREC 1«30
applications wcie received from WN9BXI and WN9DMT. The WNA YL WX J995 0730 M-S 1074 409
Harniest Picnic will fie held Sujl, July 12, at Haraboo, Wis. For Traffic: ( M a r j WA0HUD 189, W0NMV 1*9, WA0TBR 67, W0WWL
further details i n t a c t KJJFHI, Roy Pcdersen, 510 Park, Juneau, 47, WA0RSR 46, W0UM 40, W0CDO 35, K0SPH 22, WA0VMA 17,
WU. 53039. Net mgn,, when requesting certificates fur new WA0ELO 14, WA0SJB 13, WA0MSJ 11. WA0DPT 4, WA0MND 4.
members please give name* and addresses a* many are not listed (n WA71RT/0 7, (Feb.) WA0SJB 10.
the Call Book and ft takes several months of inquiring before
certificates can be mailed nut. We still want listings of club officer* SOUTH DAKOTA - SCM, Ed Gray, WA0CPX Martha
from club secretaries. Traffic: iMar.'j W9CXY 405, K9CPM 299, Shirley's WX net closed Apr. 18 after another year of outstanding
W9DND 164, W A 0 V H / 9 155, WA9TXN 106, WA9QNI 93, K9FHI service with WX information. W0ZWL was awarded a medal from
64, K9TBY 61, W9ESJ 44, W9KRO 44, W9NRF 42, WN9BJR 39, WX Bureau, WA0UFN reports there are 22 AKfcC members signed
K9IPS 37, WA90AY 35, W9IHV 32, W9RTP 31, W9DXV 29, up in Pennington County* WtiHuJ opened the Morning Net on Apr.
WB9ABI- 25, K9KSA 22, WA9PKM 22, WB9BAH 19, WA9NRU 15, 2 a WA0YAK U fanning to Improve his antenna system with a new
WA9THF 15, WB9B1F 9, W91RZ 9, W9ZBD 9, K 9 U T 0 8 , WA^SAB tnwer to support his low-band antennas stud quad. WA0WNF has
S, K9GSC 4, WA9EZU 1. (Fob.) WA9RAK 159. W90DD 7, K9GSC *(*> installed a tnwer and twain. Net reports: Morning. QN1 366 and
traffic 233; NJO-Noon, ONI 445 and traffic 43; Kariy h'vcnmjr. g N l
705 tmd traffic 25: U t e livening, OKI 1439 and traffic 53; AREC
Net, ONI 67 and traffic J. Traffic: W0AWV0 319, WA0PNR IIH,
DAKOTA DIVISION WA05KA JOb, WfltG 54. WO CAS 29; WA0I.LG 2S, WA0UKN
MINNESOTA - SCM. Larry J. SJiima, W0PAN - W-: X0A1E 26, WA0SHA 14j WA0I-UZ41.
WA0MZW. PAMi: KtGYO* WA0OEJ, WA0HRM, WA0MMV. RMs:
WA0URW, W0AAU, WA01AW. VHF PAM: WA0DWM.
DRLTA DIVISION
Section Net* Kflfz GMT Oayt ARKANSAS - SCM, Robert D, Schaefer, WA5US - SKC:
MSPN <hoi>R1 X94S 1705 M-S W5PBZ. RM: WSNND. PAM: WA5KJT, On Mar. 14 Director
M5PN (eve> >.940 2245 Oy W4WHN met with about 20 Asst Directors in Little Rock, On Mai.
MSPN (noon J 3.945 1400 Sun., Hoi 15 Max met with some of the local Arkansas hams. We enjoyed
MSN XMtS 2J30 Dy having Max visit in Arit&nsas, and hope this will lead to a greater
MIN 0000 Tu-ftu involvement by our hams hi ARRL affairs. WA5CPO made BPL for
MSTN 50,400 0330 by the second time in a row, K5TNN is now SZ4JP in Kenya, The
MINN RTTY 3.&20 uioo Ru ADXA meets on 3,860 at 0045Z Mon. Most of our top p X e n are
MINN AREC 2200 Su there, » this is an excellent'place to get information on the rare
PI COMET 3.92S 1800 Su
1730 Su ones, WA5KJT haa been working n>od l)X vnth a Cb ng converted
MPON X9I0
MINN 40 CW 7.060 2200 M-W-F to 10 meters. Net reports for Mar,:

W0KLG was the recipient of the MSN Operator o f the Yeai Award Timefftoy Tf* QNl Mtru. Mgr>
for 1909, New Extras in Minn.: WA0RRA, WA0TSW, K7 BOY/0 o m 00007 l*y. 1790 5K4
(now W0NFTO. Hie severe weather season has now arrived, i n ease HN 23JOZ l>y. 399$ 43 T22 ft 511 WASKJT
of a severe weather warning, please monitor 3.912, i f requested, APN 1 looz M-F .1917 f S02 139* W5VFW
your report may be extremely helpful to the Weather Bureau. Don't PON 21JOZ 57 377 657 WAflTJB
Teenage 22307 Dy, 349 S 4 89 2(t2 WASQMQ
transmit unless requested to do so. Mar. appointments: EC renewals EC Net 2.t00Z Sll. 3H95 mm
- WA0PMM Waseca, WA0LAC Swift, WflBUC Crow Wing, W0F1T Traffic: WA5GPO 875, WA5TIS 44, WA5VWH 38, WA5TJB 37,
Freeborn, WflAZR Mower, WAflNOH Chippewa and WftLW Wilkin. W5YM 25-
W0UU1 Is the new EC for Washington County. K0CNC renewed a*
ORS. WA01AW, RM for MJN and overall RM, renewed, Traffic: LOLIS1ANA SCM, J. Anen Swaiuon, Jr., W5PM - SIC: W50B.
I Mar.) WA0VAS 3235, W0BUC 362, WA0TOT 227, WA0VYV 204, RM: X5ANS. \ 1 I F PAMs: W5UQR, WA5DXA. The Central
WA0MMV 198, WA0OEJ 191, WA0TGM 1*0, K0ZRD 17V, Louisiana Amateur Radio Chib has announced that aliamfest will
WA01AW 153, W0ZHN 152, WA0NQH 108, Wfl'AAU 87, WA0TFC he held In the Alexandria area Aug, 23, WA5NUK is a new ORS. I t
75, K0MVF 71, W0FHH 65. WA0URW 58, W0PAN may seem strange to hear yours truly announce he will not be a
WA0VTZ52, W0YC48, WA0RKV 46, K0GYO 41, W0WFA 41 candidate for SCM again and then have his name announced by Hq.
WA0WFB 40. WA0V1S 37, W0WA5 36, W0PET 31, WA0YMU 30, as in the running! However, I was prevailed upon by three clubs and
many friends to Veep fbe n r m tn the grindstone! The Ulayette
W0ATO 2H, WA0HRM 27, WA0ZND 27, WA0RUJ 26, WA0EZO
ARC has announced the trophv winner In the reccnt La. OSO Party.
25, K0FLT 23, WA0VPK 22, WA0UAH 21, WN0YAH 19, W0KNR W5TV11 was first, WA5OTJK second, The Ozone ARC has donated a
16, WA6JPR 14, W0KLG 12, W0EQO 11, W0SZJ 11, WA0RKF9, light for the Bayou Liberty Civic C lub's playground, WA5FDD and
K7BOY/0 8, X0ORK WA0YJB H, W0UMX 7, W0IYP 6, Ids XYL, WN5UMR, have upgraded their licenses to Advance and
WN0YVT K0ZBI ft, W0KDK 5, WA0VPN 5, WA0MNE 4, General, respectively^ The Ozone ARC has prepared a plan for
WA0TSW 4, WA01XG 3, K0CNC 2, K01KU 2, WA0OKF 2, p l a n t a t i o n to the Police Jury showing what service amateur radio
WA0W£Z 2, K 0 U L 1. (Feb.) WA0KPX I5X, W0AAU 69, WA0V1S will play in an etueigeticy affecting the area, 'ttic Rapides
48, K0GYO 34, WA0SDR 29, WA0LAC 11, WA0YJB 6. Emergency Net now meets on 3^12 kHz Sun. at 1400 GMT, AssL
& Directou W5EX1, W5PM and W50B attended a Dircctor-callcd
NORTH DAKOTA SCM, Harold I.. Sheets, W0DM - SEC: meeting In tittle Rock, l u r >our Information the totiowin* m
WA0AY!„ OBS: K05PI1. PAM: W0CAQ. RM: WA0ftSR. DO: Louisiana arc Asst. l&recton; W5RU, W5LHZ, K5YMM, W5PM,
W0BK W0EXO and X Y L have returned with the birds from Florida. WS£X1. W5BSR, W5LDK, W5CB. Let them know your teehngs
K0ITP U hock from California. WA0KWM spent some time in the alnmt various problems or sugpstloiK ettecring ham radio, lite
hospital at Fargo, The International Kamfcst will be held at the GNOARC recently held its Annual Dinner which, awarding to
Peace garden July 11-12, W0KCX uys there bt to be picnic at WSKST, was a huRP access. K5ACL WA5CQT, K5MOV and
Kindred Sunday, June 28. The Univenity or North Dakota Stnux K50EV aze very active on 50 MHz. Incidentally, the W5(JK repeater
Amateur Radio Club has received its licence from the K X I with the has been put bai-k on the air. WA5DXA is urgently in need of an

116 QSr for

N ( £ for the AK1-C Net on £0.25, The net meets W « L i t U21Q
(;MT. W5FA still is working on hit R T T Y project! WSCEZ is again
«>pwatmg from I oiccto fiend a* WSCXIJS. WASWBZ had rig trouble
tfnJ wa* off the air for nearly a month. See \ou In Alc\ Aug, 231
1 rattle: W5MI 1W, W.SttJJC K5, WSCLZ 54, WA5VQE 31,
WA5WBZ W5PM4,

MISSISSIPPI - SCM. Clifton t . Comfort, WA5KTY - The Mar.

Division Director's Meeting In Little ttocfc was a big success. The
personal contact with the Division Director, Vice-Director and A s i t
Duettos is a definite aid in makina the Delta Division a c|a*r
wuiking oc^uiizatlon. W4WHN and W4WBK * k definitely trying to
represent us at Headquarter*. W4WHN will be on between and
3V9U kHz from 140(1 to IftUU each Sum that he can meet the
schedule for personal contacts. The Slow speed CW Net got started
on Mar. 31 with W5SHM as net mgr., 3666 kHz, 0045Z, Chock In
evm with the old "pump handle." WA5SK1, a housewife, mother of
2, an CX) «nd an Intruder watcher, graduated in May with heT H A in
math? WJBtt has been bark In the honpital again. i regret to report
that W51GW has joined Silent Keys. WA5PTF has transferred to the
Philippine islands. We wcrlcume WUoJSW/5 to Mississippi. Check
Into nets.

MTTN Q04S* UaUv

GtSHN UQtnZ Daily
CfX' HN J"> J* o t oo / Oailv
MSBN iwo 0\n 5'/ Dally
Traffic; W5SBM 194, WA3JWD 32, WA5TMC 21, WA5KLY 12,
WA5YJA.

TENNESSEE - J*CM. tJjiry A. Phillips, K 4 R C T -

Set Frrq, 7¥mr y/c Mgr.

TSRB 39S0 Tu-bn IfrU 75 K4MQ1
fPN 114S M-Sa an 1134 37 W4PFP
1300 Su
f'TPN 1040 M-^ 22 011 31 SVA4EWW
ICON mm J U D M :i K4RTA
TTN •»270 21 oo Uy 2K 1M i« WR4HIH
TN nnoo Oy .U 310 100 K4AMC
HTVHt I4S M n WB4IOB
f'TVHfc isiw IA 207 J WB4tOB
T6MSN iuj fliA^u t K4LQC
FTYMN 28.A or 30 W&K 8 63 7 WA4Y0N

WA4YK3 reports the Humboldt ARC has purchased 30 c o m m w i a l

high-band transceivers aiul all are to be converted to 2-mcter fm.
WA4G1S reports the Middle Tout. I0M Net meets at 2000 « T
M o i l uiid ITrurs. UVS W4HI1K, of Oolheivilfc, ts still rannkng
moarihnunce und tropo**catter tests with W3GKP, Spencerville,
Mrt., jnd WA4IKJN, Muscle Shoals, Ala. Paul has attempted a
special test with ItiKCjl. in tiermany. He also xan tests during the
oikii eclipse. The TN f e w ) is doing very well with flood participation
and traffic, Vlce<l)lrertnr W4WBK reports that the Diicctor-calk'd
rncvtlng in tittle Rock, Arte.. W4» a sucum, 1 raffle; K4AT 213»
W40GG 15H, WA4UAZ 83, W4WBK 50. WB4HMA 48, WB4L1E 3
K4AMC 32, WA4ANX 29, K4SXD WA4YFG 28. VB4FEC
WB4H1.H 14, WB4JTS 14, WA4YEM 14, WB4fiSS f 3. K4LOO 13.
WB4NDX 13, WA4ZXZ 13. W4SGI 10, WB4GTW 9, WA4CGK 8,
WA4C1S K, W41-YV H, W4DYJ 7. WB4MDA 7, WA4EWW 6,
K 4 K I Z 5 . W 4 V J 2.

7" M RES DIVISION

KENTUCKY - SOIL l i e o i p K. Wilson. Ill, W 4 0 Y L SEC:
K4YZU. Appointed: K4YZU as WiJ4Lf 2 a ORS. Lndoned:
WB4HQW, WB4KP1 ^ uKSa, W4L1MP as GO. ttPL: WA4MJCIL

v^t ow yw ytr
KRN 38J KYN 425* W9
MKKN 12^* FC.ATK IT4* JJ3»
KTO 990+ U* f.1. Ky. 2*
WA4AGH w home from the hospitaL Con^ratuUtions to r w SEC.
JL4YZU. Hill has some fioe A U t C Ideas and is ftiUy capable of
putting them into effect. Kveryone pitch fn. and wc'U show these
big sections how an ARfcC really wotks. W4VY5 did on exemplary
Job and deserves a real vote of thanks. Murray State's Club Is a going
ntganizatlon and will be a big boost to nil of us m the west end. The
member* mc putting together what Till be t fine station.
C>wci!*bnro remodelled K.4E1Y and ^vt me fine surplus test gear;
also tracked down a x(iurious from a cummcrcia] that was - uf ad
places - on the repeater input frequency. Btg doings are ichcdulcd
for the annual Scout Canoe Derby and hydroplane regatta, 'traffic;
tHAar.) WA4MKH 465, WA4VZZ 282, WB4KFF 273, W4BAZ 172,
WB4FDR 88, WA4DY1- 76, W40YT A8, W4AD0 67, K4MAN 38,
K4AVX 52. WA4AGH 4*. K4TRT 46, W B 4 K » 41. VB4FLA 41,
W4CVIP W4UK. WA4WWT 35, WA4UAZ 31, K4UMN 28,
M W W 27, WB4ILF 21, K4VDO 20, WB4L0Y 19, WB4LKP 18,
WA4GHQ 17, K4UNW 17, WA4FAI-" 16, W4KJP WR4HTN 8.
K4HOL 7, WB4l.IL 4, K4YCB 4, WB40CV 3, WB4MQR 2, (F-eh.1
WB4I£gW 51, (Reports 37, traffic 21361.

MICHIGAN - SCM, Joseph L Pontck, K8KKM - A u t SCMi:

Howard A, talker. WBJTQ; Rodger C Phillips WA8LWK. siiC:
WfcMPU KM$: WAKPJM, W8RTN, W81WL, K8KMQ. WB8WT.
PAMs: KKlJOll. W8ZBT, VHb PAMs; W8CVQ, K8AEML Silent
Key: WA8NYZ.

Net Mm* /-Mvs QNi QTCSw .Vfor.

QMN i^oo Hy I15J 443 WA8PIM
WSti* S9J5 oouo Or I M 12
MPEN 2230 l)y 34B 35 1\ WAhtHC
1HJN-UA1E JivSo L>y M41 S47 31 KHLNE
GtETN IQ31 0230 Dy 7* JO K8HU
PON-CW ^645 3400 249 74 2* Vfc'JDPO
M6MTN 50.T 2400 M-Sh. 14BJ &1 27 WAttLRC
BR/UEN 12*0 M-h. 322 IS 26 K«US
New officer* or the SRARS ATE WKUp, pics.; WAXWMT, vice-piu;
WASUJZ, WABWJX, t « a * ; W8LN, truMee. WASIAP 1**]*>
KHbHDR with the Navy, enjoying being chased rather than chasing.
Congrats to WAtfLAV on receiving the CMARCi Annual ^fegenhfen
Award, Well deserved. The new call for the Twin Sou ARC.' is
W8JXA, Mark down July 18 on your calendar at the <Ute ot the BR,
Wolverine and ULlffN Annual Picnic, £ K - W 8 I V shows up now diid
then W7PG, W8JTQ U o n the road to recovery* and also off to
Hnrlda tor a while, Congrats to VVKTZD and W8LN on becoming
great-grandfathers, WAKUXL no longer has her "beam" in the tlvin*
nx>m. WA8UXS now has Advanced {.to*. Heard some Issues nf the
SRARS Bulletin made it down to KC4USN at the South Pole. How's
that tor circulation? KtfSWJ is keeping busv cunvcrtJox £tn r \ p .
WAKWMS is taking lull adviuitafp ot 2-meteT K1TY. K8UDJ Putin
4 hnc mtiltkmilti effort In the AKKL CW DX Test„comxng up with
irttr 4 meg. Traffic: WAtfWZF b l 7 . K8LNE 511, WA8YVR 474,
KttKMQ 323, W8NOH 237, WB8DTT 176, WA8PIM 176, WA8LXY
WSJ YA 73, WAtfSQC 68. WSFZ M M O 60, K8NET 58,
WA8Wt:Z 5ft, WXBEZ 39, W81UC 36, W8RTN 35, WA8ZAV 35,
KRJED 7% ftKrX 25, WA8LNW 24, W8CUP 18, WA8IA0 18,
WSCW 13. WB8ANK 12. W»MPD 12, K8CKD 11, WSAGQ 10,
W8TBP 7, K8AEM 6. WA8TBL 5, WA8TDY 5,

OHIO - SCM, Richard A. hgbat. W8FTU - Sfcc; W80UU

RM: W81UI. PAM: K8UBK. VHF PAH: WA8ADU, Mat. section tier
reports;
Set Vltnr(Z)
OSNBN 2160 1222 64 307J.5 f4,i0 KitdBK
1245
BN 6U2 3SS 61 JSBO 2300 W81MI
11200
OtiMtrN 606 60 &4 $0.61 WASAUU
$0.16 otoo
CiSN 354 90 2225 WABVNU
HPL ix-rtfflcatea went to WASETX, WA8UPI, W8UFH, X80NA,
WBSJJSV aud WA8DWL tar Mar. traffic, Huckevc Net certificate*
« m earned hy WKGQD and WAKPQW. Buckeye At/ A i t f t f n
would like to Include news of other Ohio nets in each Issue. Contact
editor WKGUlL Columbu* ARA has taken over the W8 OSL Bureau
tram WAHCXY, urho is. to he commended for his long and excellent
service on behalf of our DXert. EC K80NV reports a successful Red
Cios* t-roergency Couinranlcatkma Mock Disaster exercisc Involving
Huron, t r i e athl Sandusky Counties. The Scneca RC sponsored 4
"Work the Alphabet" Contest during Apr. Object was to work
atation* alphabetically, in order. A to Z. Apricot Net and <juecn
CHy hmcrgeiicy Net report participation In St, Patrick's Day
Parades. QCEN has bad to vacate its "breezy" location of long
standing to tiutke way for a freeway. Club station WKVNP IS in
business on a temporary basis from the new trailer locution on ft aiul
2 with portable power. W8FKI gave a talk un mobile noHe to the
Toledo Mobile Radio Assn. in Feb. The Totedo RC started an Kxtra
Class license "teach-in" in Mar. We regret to report that KtfGBft and
WAS RIC joined Silent k&yt. March appointments: W80XQ aaUO,
WKCjRC; and WASKUO as OFS^, W8EDU and WBSOIW as OUSs^
WB8ALU » ORS. WA8W1R has raowd to sunny Honda, fhe
Massillon ARC Novice class has 16 members going strong. ORS
WHJLZK should have mure time for brasspounding now that he's
retired, W8QCU repoits that the Post Office- nets operating on 40
and 8U will move one hour earlier (GMT) in time for daylight saving.
('ongrtftiJatlnnt to now fcxtra Ctas k8WY)L and new Advanced
WAKZYT. VOiGDQ reports working three Florida stations un 16Q
during Uic Mat, 7 eclipse, WA8MCR tells u* that an tm repeater ner,
fwi the purpose of exchanging technical and operational data «m
repeaters ha> been formed. Sessions unr on I ue. and hn.p UlUUZ on
7280 and 14,280, respectively. I attended the spring meeting of the
Ohio Council of Amateur Kactio i.luhs. New OCAKC utficen:
K8J31U. pres.; KKWGJ, vico-pies. lite Intercity *Mansfield) RC held
its annual] A k R L Night in Mar. I lolned with WSWC, WSqUU ami
W WARMIIO in purtmpatfng in thii enjoyable event 1 attended thr
Marr Sunday-Dinner meeting-of the Kucfceye Belles in Delaware
4king uith about a du/en other tiMs, (X) WflGRG scored an average
tfrnir of (I.Q4 ppm in tlw fceb. frequency Measuring Teat. Traffic:
WAKI-.TX WAR UP! K2*)f W8UPH 765, KSONA 563, WBSDSV
4K2, WfWAUi 3*7, WASETW 335, W8GRG 270. WA8FQW 249,
WWMI 224. WKCiVX 217, WAKWAK. 19V, WABSXt 1W7, WAHDWL
IW, W8JH WftOZK 144, WASC'XY WABTYF 128,
WftPMJ (25, KAUiA 117, KtfUtiR I 16, WABUCU 110, WUD 104,
w a h n o q i u i , w t q r u l u u w a b v n u v i , WAi&tu k5, wkmok
K L WAHUYQ SU, WA8VK11' 76, U Z U L 71, WMBI.H 64, WA8UU 1
M , WBfcTU 63. K8DHJ 56, WABt'CQ 54, KSDfLD 52, W8CHT 5U.
KShHU 50, WB8BZX 47, W8LT 45, WSUX 42. WA8RUO 41,
WAHYJB 40, W8UDG 37. WA8QFK 30, WWAJC 29, VBflCKG 29,
W8GNL 29, WRDAfc 26, WAdYUB 2ft, WAfiZNC 26, KfcONV 25,
WAttLAM 24, WAKOKQ 2J, WAHAJ2 22, WKPCO 22, WAVADU
21, IttBHH 19, WA&SHP 19, KRBYR 18>W|JAV3/8 1K.WB8CWD
17, WSJ BP 16, WA&VWH 16, WAHfSX 14, WA9TKM 14, WRBU
13, WAHMHO W O K 13, KKQYR 12, WBCUL 11, KILI4 11,
WAGQD 10, WBftHPN ^ WHOUIJ KKPBh 9, WAAiW H, WBARW
S, WBtftWI 8, WRIKV K, WSWIUJ H, WAX1-BS 7, WA8MCR 6,
WAKWJK WHRZX 5, WSUPn S% WA8YHN 5, WAftJSW 4.
WftMGC 4. WSVGR 4, UFKCS \ M i n WS14F ^ KtfCKY 2,
WBRHHY 2, WBKKH1 2, 1IWCHT/M 1, W8DYF 1,

HUDSON DIVISION
ti ASTERN NEW YORK - SCM, Graham G. Berry, K2SCN -
She?: W^KGC. RW: WA2VYS- l l AM: WB2VJB. VHF PAW:
WB2YQU, Section Net*: NYS nightly 3*75 at 23UOZ; ESS nightly
:ts*ii) at NYSPT&hN nightly .W2) at 23O0Z. We regret re
report the migration ah AmC. 6CM ot WA2VYS, kHok help hoi
been ivry much apprei^ated tor past two vean Club Newt:
Kcbenectsirfy heard hratl Sticht ot NYTel <m kal^«fei
(. 01X1171110^1^011^" V\mtulu»tcr A K A heard W2LI1/W2CYK give hit
demo on antenna pertormance. Harmomc Hifls invaded in (nrce in
Mar. -- W2TUK* Urrcctor; K2SJO, Vke-Dlrector; K2SIN 40d
WA2VYS fmm SCM «tatf. New Rochelle bc^rd W2TUK and *aw
lb
Hams Wide World" before a capacity group including 25 vtudenti
from the cuiient c\xss for Nonces. Individual station actnritiea:
WU2SIK worked Kentucky .ia Aurora on 2 meter* WA2FDG will
tie Opcmting 4X4 thii summer and looking for b.NY MJdtacts.
WA2F1Q and WA2FBT are matodiaru uf Rockland Cy WARC
iitoatd. Ask lor UetaiU, WA2MOF looking lor scheds on 145-157
with new HH w k * rig. Area reps, on NY Ouuty Net(3677 k!U|
are W2ANV, W2HUM, W2TfH\ W2DAW, WB2f0V, WA2HGB,
WA2BHN, %-B^WS, ^ I T X , WA2VI.K, W2GT1 and WB21FN. New
member baS U WB2IXW. WA2ILV 11 on the air with new
HW-10U and wuntx to »tart up a 75-meter debating net. Write him
tor detail*. VHh1 PAM WB2YQU rcponn the Poughkeepsie area fai
a-peatcr coicrmg 75 miteiftgubrty, witli rcccnt contacts K2CBA,
WA1UMX, WA2GAW and K20TX for K C:onn. to NNJ span, treqa.
[46.73 and 146.76. heb bPL Ustmg for WA2FIU should have been
MO. Sony for the slip. Area member* of the Policy Committee foe
NYSPT&LN include K^^JN and WA2RTZ, Your SCM thanks aU fin
the ^iub letters, individual station reports, etc., that makes thii
column possible. Plan now to attend the Hudson Council
Convention in Tarrvtown in Oct Nice to have w n so many ENYen
dt the tib ihow in during IFEfc week. TraRic: W2EAF 175,
WA2VYT 120, WA2FBL 109, WA2VYS 9*. WB2VJB 55, W2URf
46, WA2VLS 39, HB2FUV 37, WB2MWZ 34, K2SJN 21, WA2G0W
20, WA2JXR 16, WB2BXL 10, WA2DF1 9, W2ANV 6, WA2HGB 6.

NfcW YORK U T Y AND LONG ISLAND - K M, *red J

Hmftjet, K2DG1 - St'i': K20VN. RM: K2UAT. P.VM: W2EH0
WB2ROJ1. AU times m the folloub'ing tabic arc local The tint thro
11«tlnp arc section nets.
Nl.I .toAO kMr loiv/ttoo Nightly K2UAT Rli
NilVHt 145.UMH? iv.iiiMVWn MVB2KOF PAft
NLT Phone kH* IhOOOalty WA2UWA VAA
clear House JVJ3 UHt 1IO0 Dally WASGPTMgi
Mic Farad kHz 1.100 Kju Sua- K2UBC Mtt
Ust U.S. kH2 1>00L Nightly K2UBG M c
AllSvC, M 2 I kHz l3IM>8un< K2AAS Wjl
NYSPI1<N 392$ kHr IH00 Uatly WB2YJB U^B
This report may appear a little thin in the activities area this monti
because uf a more ptuminent deadline for filing a report aroun
Apr. 15. As thin perhaps a* our wallets! Hut, fear not, for this
provide* an opportunity to pan along some tidbits of information
that might be hard to xneak in at another time, l i n t , I would like to
thank W2EW Tor his unending devotion to the vhf traffic nets
throughout these nxany JTUI. Honk has requested rtuit wc retire him
at the end (if his present term as VTIF PAW. He tried getting away a
few times in the past, but wc were able to twist hU arm and he
stayed on. There is not enough to space in this column to describe
the great contribution W2EW has given to thh section these past
so a big THANKS from all of us. Hank. WB2R0F ha*
accepted the appointment as PAM as per the recommendation of
W2FW, Jim has assisted W2EW for many yean, so I know wr *U1
continue to have one uf the best traffic systems in the country.
Welcome dboard* WB2ELQI-'. K2JFL' reports heaw fm *meter
activity on Statcn Island. During the recent postal strike. W2BCB
was buw working as a telephone mailman In order to get traffic
delivered, WB2DZZ is out locking horns with ftve-band WAS, he's
u'uJideTing where everybody disappeared to, though, on 80 meters
WB2DRW says lie wiU be mountain-topping in the June VHF Test
from Mt, Grey lock, Mass. Contact W2SZ tor OSOs on 220, 432 or
1296 during this operation. WA2GLR reports the Wagner College
ARC is QRT. Seems somebody borrowed their gear and forgot to
return it? WA2DFD planned to take down the beam during Hatter
week, end, but the trusty snow shovel came down instead. WA2BRF
says that be is now "Foot Mobile" complete from antenna to
battery. HJ bet he's cheating with a walkie-talkie! The Massapequa
ARC is looking for new meoibex* in the Massapequ* area, reports
WB2NLM. Drop m the fust Wed. of every month at CD Hdqtxs,
102? lake Shore Drive, Massapequa Park. The Suffolk County RC
meets every third fr'jL of the month at the Honpauge Community
Hall Veterans Hwy. and Sinithtown Bypass, at 8:30 P.M. Mow
about your club! Looking for members? Pan along the Into' \ know
there are hams looking for a club in their area* but if they don't
know where to go. you won't get them as members, *» turn on the
linear and point the antenna in my direction; so& it to me. W2HTM
is heading for the tunny climate of Florida where he will he
tAvhangmg the W2 call for & W4. Let's face it, some have It some
don't, tuck that i*l Traffic; WA2HMO 464, K2UBG 143.W2CKZ
105. W2JLKSC W, W2AEL K5, K2AAS 44, W2BCB 28. WB2DZZ 27,
WA2DFD 22, W2EW 22, W2LGK 16, W2DBQ 12, W2PF 9, K2JFT
K, WA2US K. WB2DRW WB2WFH 5V WA2BRF 4, WAZGLR 2,
WA2CJJU L

NORTHERN NEW JERSEY - SCM, Louis J. Amoroso, W2ZZ -

SFf ?t K2KDQ. KM: WA2TAK PAMsi W2PFV, K2KDQ, WA2KZF,
WA2TBS-
ARKSC Section Net Schedules
NPT kHz PM Days QNf T/ft
NJTTVN 362S 7; Ml MWF
NJN 7i3fl l>y 431 J59 WA2BLV
NJN 36V5 10:00 Or M an 99 WA2BLV
NiSN J740 * o o toy 16 3H IS WB2FGK
NJEPTN j y i u b:uo M-SB H SSJt 395 W2PEV
NJPON 3430 6:00 Sun S 104 14 WA2TBS
NJAN S042S M-F 22 264 71 WA2K/1-
PVfcTN 145710 7i30 Dv AL 349 20* K2KD0
KCTN J4JHOO A:iO M-Sa 26 I6K 6k WA1TBS
146*700 3D Sun
New appointments: WB2JCI as EC for Wayne and vicinity; W2FTQ
as 0 0 . WA2R1N as GO and OBS; WB2VPR as ORS; WA2EPI at
OPS. Kndomments: WB2FHH and W2EWZ as ORSs. WN2JM and
WN2XJD passed the General Class exam, WA2DMF parsed the
fextnu WA2ACF rebuilt his shack. WA2HEL has a new Eton Icy ex.
WA2WNZ in on I meters *ith a Communicator 3. WN2JHT |oined
AF MAJtSL WB2VFX is also WR4PYA, WB2RJJ added a TX-G1 to
h » shack, WA2KZF has a new six-element wide-spaced $-metcr
beam. WAlliUX will attend Rensselaer Poly tech. Inst, in Sept.
W2PfcV is putting up a 15-meter Delta Loop antenna. WA2DRI! was
In W6-Land for h visit. W2CVW scored over 43SK in the ARRL DX
Test. WA2GOC hat a new phone patch. W2DRV received his Extra
First Class license and joined OOTC. K2IEI» is at 160 confirmed and
WA2CCF at 217 in DXCC totals, K2RM1 report* a claimed score of
550k in the DX Test with hu new 3-element Tn-BanderMufpfc
was the 2nd op for W2ZZ during the DX tert. Wait 'til next ye*
WA2DPT b planning a trip to VU-Land lit Aug. with the fean
Corps and is taking ids S/Line. K7W1 ha* meter tat mobQ
WB7HXR is active <m 2 m e t e n W2I8C b looking tor * beam far ti
new tower, W2CBY lewintJy retired alter 44 year* with WI
WB2IWV has a Pawner and art eight-element i-meter beam. Plea
note the change m Field Day rules. 11* Novice station could h^
the clubs membership. iJood tuck to afl and Safety Vint* UM
Tr«tTic: (Marj K2DEL 574, WA2BAN 421, WA2FRZ 408, K2KD
3V4, WA2DKH 2ft5, KttfFTFH 242, ffBIDDQ 217, WH28C3
WA2EPI 110, WB2VPR 95, WA2LDX 79. WB2WNZ 7fi, W2PfcV A
WA2TBS Sn, K20qJ 4V, W2IUX 45. WA2UEL 37, WB2BXK 3«
WA2TAF 34, WB2FU1 33, K2D0T 12, WA2BLT 26, WA2JXE 2!
WA2GU 24. WA2CL* 2.*, WA2ACP K2ZH 19, W2ZZ I1
W2DRV 15, WB4PYA/2 13, WB2GTV 12, W2CU I l t WA2KZI- I
WB2LTW 11, WA2JUR JO, WB25£2 Ifl. W2TVW 8, W2EWZ
WA2NJB 5, WA2DM1 WB2GCQ4.\ Feb.) WN2JHT 87, WA2GJ
16, WA2GOC I0, W2ABL 2.

MIDWEST DIVISION
IOWA - Acting SCM, Allan Utlbert, fctYVU - SUiC: K0X.V
PAU: K0QKD, UttSs: W0LCX, W01AQ, W0LR, WA0MTT. K0M
has tound it necessary tn rc\ign as your Sc.'M because of a change
his postal alignment. Waynt! has done a fine job and should \
commended. l\vo new Advanced Class licensees are K0JZY oi
WA0YDO (grandfather and grandxonh W0NFL has his WAS for U
meters. congratulation*, Jim. Waterloo and Des Moines both hv
their repeaters In operation, and the Cedar Rapid* gang expects'
have it* going before long, oho, All units arc wst up for 146.34 ME
tn and 146.94 MHr out. Tbi: Meld Day and picnic "ceawon is upon k
The 160-Meter Picnir will be huld June 21 at the hairgraunds
Webster City, and tht Southeastern VHI-ets heme July 12
McMilkn fork in Mount Pleasant; pot luck and rata or Milne ti
both ewnts. A hearty thanks to all who worked to make the "Poi
Express Rideis" crippled children's fund drnre, a success- Aspeci
note to WA0AUX, WA0VZ1I, and WA0VRJ for their organul
efforts In the above Tund drive. Public Service Honor Roll:
WA0OTO 34. Nets: Iowa 75. QNl 1512* QTC 232. low* SS
QNl 1241, QIC 54, TLCN, ONI 199, OTC 62. PON (cw^QNI 3
QTT 2. PON (phone), QNl 97, OTC 5. Traffic: W0LCX 108
K0AZI 150, K0JC2I H<i] W0LGG 67. K0OKD SU WA0VBG
WAflOFQ 31, W0MOQ 24, WA0QZL 21, W0JPJ 19. WAOAUX
WA0MIT 13, WA10LFN 12, WA0KYG 11, K0LVC ft. W0BW
W0DMX 7, WA0PKW ?, R0ISA4,WA0EUZ4.K0CNM2,WA0P

KANSAS - SlM. Robert M- Summers, R^BXF - SRC: KU FM

PAMi RM: K(IMB1. VHC PAM: WA#CCW. RWN <Ma
QNl 675, grrc: 17; KftIN, ONI IfiSft. < / r r 519; KBN, gNl 69
OTT 223: KSRN. ONI K73( l/TT KPN, CJNI 251, QTC 34. Ql
had another fine month, ONI 532. CJTC 212 fn M wudoru. T
Kansas Notice Net, QKN, has resumed operation on a daily bus
3735 kHz at 02Q0Z. WA0TZK, accepted the net mgr. positie
WA0LLC traveled to S.E. Asia. Australia and New Zealand durt
Apr, Recent snow storms caused equipment damage tn several hoi
tn tbe state, K0GZP says that all h h phone hand antennas have ru
stretched to the cw bands becuiwe of the added wefchtat times. jC
yes, if you don't take a vacation for a white you can purchase i
NCL 2000 amp. like WA0KDC now has «n the air. Sister Mary
Schectz. WAtYEE, v.ilJ soon be on the air operating Collins *
(KWM2 and 3.QL-I) recently removed tram the SL Maiyi<!oUeg!»
the Mother House on the south tide ot the campus at the Sisters
Charity of Leavenworth, Xarier. Hut fellow operator will be Sist
Mary £berwiiiev WA0VJH. On Mai. 22 W0CXJ, our Midwest DnHsi
Director* called a Division Mectinjr the Leagqe leaders in the h
area. SCMs, SECs. VIc^Diic^tor IC0NL and Asst Directors w
represented. TrafTic: W0HI 362v WA0LBB 179, K^JMF J<
WflNH 188. WA0LLC 128, K0BXF i l l , K05fRI 103, WftGCJ
KCLPE 71. WA0TZK 71, W0MA 68, W0OU 6^. WA0UTT
WA0OWH 23. W0LYC 16, WA0OZP 16, WA0JFC 14, WA0SEM
WA0SRO 6, W0ICV 4, W0PB4,WA0JOG 3,WA0KDC 1,WN0Y
1.

MISSOURI - ROM, Robert J. Paavler, W0BV - Appotntmei

renewed: W0OCLa^UpS. With deep rugftst 1 report that WN0YT5
a Stent Key. Nfet reports;

Net TimefZlfOays Rem. QHfQTC M|

MEN 2 $30 M-W-t 13 12 K0KI
MON JSftS 01OD Dy 27 W K0AI
MoSSB 3963 2400 M-Sa 1302 SI W0R1
MoPON 3H3J 2 JOO M-Sa 25 5t« 5«WA0T.
Mot'WVCD 1 *uo Alt. bu : IT * K0 KPN
PHD S0,4S ill 3ft T * t07 4WA0KUI
FBTN meets at 1OO0Z on 3940 kHz. Most net* will meet one houc
earlier GMT with the shirt to DST. Two new nets have started:
Missouri Mountain Net <MMN) meet* at 13S0Z <m 5715 kHz
Mona-Fri. with WN0ZLP a* manager; WA0YYK ho* reactivated the
Missouri Tenure Traffic Net (MITN), which meets at 23307! on
3905 kHz T-T-Sut Congratulation* to WN0YRB, who pawd the
General and Advanced Class tuts. New Novices; WNflATD in New
Bloomfield and WN0BBP in JeffeiMi City, WA0YCN needs South
Dukota for WAS. I h c fcC ARC i* Teady to put a 4UD-M!1% repeater
on the air. I rattier t Mar.j K0UNK J 5SH, K0AKM 346. WA0FQI
171, WA0RVR i Ift,WA0HTN 87. K0RPH M , WA0TAA 53. W W
54, 1V0OUD 51, WA0WgA 45, WA0VR1 2R, WAflFMS 25
W0JKF 24* WA0KUH 14, W0BVL 17, W0RTO 9, WtiCBJ 2
WA0YCN2, fFehi) WA0VR1 WA0TXP 19.

NEBRASKA - SCM, V.A. O J u m , K0OAL - 8EC: R0ODP.

The Smoke Signal Sender* Pow-Wow R tthcdukrd for June 6-7 and
the Pine Rjdge AKC Picnic June 7 at Cbadron State Park. Congrats
to WN0AXA, a iu?w Noma in Gordon. Nebr. W0OWR received a
letter of appreciation fmm the N.M. SCM for the emergence
communications he provided during a heavy snow storm Mar. 27
from he* mobile station in CVimmw N,M, Nehr. CW. Net U showing
greater activity, thank* to RM WA0HWR and net participants 30
points arte now n-quired tor PSHR, New appointment: WA0QGM as
EC. Renewed appointments: W0BM as UBS; WA0OQX. W0HOP,
WA0KGD a* OPS*; K0JFN as 0 0 : W0AGK <u ORS. Mar. net
reports:
Afrf freq. GMT/Dayt VM
NSNI 0030 Uy \ 1 AT S4 WAtfLOY
NSN n 01 JO Dy ViK lb WA0LQY
Nebr 160 1945 01.10 l>y 7A 5 WA0CBJ
NEB .tsvn i"4w 1>y 144 JO WA0HWR
EBbN 12JO rat M < n WA0SCIP
NMN 1.W0 I>y 107? VPA0JUF
WNN 14*10 M-Sa rtS 4 21 W0N1K
ARKf? 1430 S11 4 W01K/
CHN lsJol>y M WA0GHZ
DEN l?qri Dy n W0fBYfJanj
DEN 2200 Uy 6V W0FBY (Fell.)
Traffic: WA0ZOR 213, K0UWK 205. WA0DOTI W0LOD 142.
K0JFN 61, WA0JIH K0KJP V>, WA0FCV/0 32. W0BFV 30
WA0GHZ WA0BUK 22, WA0HWR K0ODF 21. WA0TMG
20. WA0SQP I * , WA0DMX 15. K0JFT I5> WA0JAV 12, K0JTW
10, WA0TTM WAtJITF R. WA0KGD 8, W0RJA H, K0DGW7
W0NIK 7. WA0MJ K0MUF 6, WA0VML 6. W0VEA K0FRt
4, W0HTA 4. WA0LOY 4, W0SWU 4, W0FHF J, \V0GE0 3,
W0AGK 2, W0ATU 2 ( K0OAL 2, WA0PTF 2, W0RAM 2t WA0VU
2. W0WZR 2, W0YFR ? t W0HOP 1, WA0FCC U K0SFA 1.

ENGIJiND DIVISION
CONNECTICUT SCM, John M*Nas*nr, WIGVT - SKC;
W1HHR. RM: WAIHSN. PAU: KlYCS. VHF PAM: K15XF. Mar.
rept.
Net Fre^L Time/Days QNf
CN l>y 31 JM 454
CPN 396$ IKOO M-S M 494 lo4
IfiOO Su
VHF I 2100 M-S 21 71
VHF 6 50.6 2100 M-S VI l-*7
High ONI: CM - WAIGFK, WAUiOU WA1JZC. CPN: WlO.VT
K1YGS 28. WAliXB KiSXF WAU2C i K ' WliUlft
has generated cunsiderable interest in H": Muck and has agruwiiv
poup afiusting hint. Activity is increasing mad youi hetp is
requested. Be sure voiu local group is active a*nJ contact W1HMK
for further information. Navy MARS n very wxipcratlve aiui
appreciated in this wurk, Director W1QV sendx newsletters tn all
dubs - he is working very hard tn frpfiaunt our interests, so please
communicate with him. 1'Vl problem*'/ Support ('ARA In its drive
encouraging manufactiirm ID include adequate shielding in all new
TV set* Contact W1ADW tor details. Nutmen Nft Neva dr
WA1HSN features WtHI in a rccent iwue - very interesting!
Meriden ARi- via W1WEE and Danbury CARA via WlENL are
continuing Novice/General classes. With regret we add WIRFJ to
the list of Silent Keys. W1FBY and WA1HOL aie co-i-ditors uf the
Murphy Aftsvw* WU'UK is recovering from an automobile
accident, c^mgratulationft to: K4CSY/1 for Mar. BPUWA1JLK for
General Cla»; WigV for accuracy In FMT; WAUYU for National
Merit Scholarship and KiJHX su new IMstant ARRL Director!
Field Day plans should he «rt now. trhecfc nth tfatngn and bo
carcful of frequency ^locations nf uperator Itcenjsl CV
Field Pay! Traffic; W1EFW 296, WA1HOI, 233, K4CSY/1 214,
WA1HSN 211, WAILLB 208. W1KJI 174, WA1GFH 151,
WA3ISU/1 15UWA1JZC 150, W1AW 5K,WA1JW 58, K1YGS 50,
WAJJMO 4«, W1KUO 40, W1GVT WIQV 28, W1MPW 25,
K1SXF WA1KRG 1ft, WAiFXS P , W1BNB 16, W1CT1 15,
W1HIIR 15, WIBDI 14, W1YBH 12, WBCWE/1 I I , W1DQJ (0,
WAIJGA 7* W1BEL 6, WA1JQC 3, WIKAM 2.
fc ASTERN MASSACHUSETTS - SCM, frank L. Baker, J
W1ALP - W1AOG, our SEC, received reports from EC* Wis IAU,
LB, UJF, WAIs IRY, UX1, klDZti, Wis ATP, IN and JVC arc
Silent Key*. WAIKWA is many band*. Harvey Fitzgerald 1*
Radio Officer from Tewksbury. WA1DFL walked some 2B 3S, and
8t on Aurora on 6, K1ZZY is home from Fla. KJOIK » helping
students at Dennis Yarmouth HS getting their licenses. WA1MJO I*
evWAI (COR In Natfck. W1GDV/CE is in til* hospital. WAIMOP is
on 20 CtWi W1AQE has 2503 counties and HW-1M. WA1DPX
worked DX on Aurora on 6. WltUJ repeater group on fm has the
Ctfll WA1KFY, input 146.220, output 146.940. WUPZ » on 10.
WIAR0 Club has code and theory class with WAIC'RA, LVG, Kls
VOK* TVY. Wis LE and ATI instructing, Somcrvilte ARC,
WA1MHN, meets FrL at 8 P.M. and the net on 50,620 MHi.
WNILHI is on the air, WAJFNM fa on 2 and 15 wilLa ncwdipole.
Tewksbtuy Memorial HS ARC hat the call WA1MPJ. WA1MKE lias
Tech. and is on 6. W1PD U ex-WlRAM. WN1MPP is on «t>¥ 40,15
cw. W1ALB is In Ha. W5RX U ex-WlDA in New Mexico. W1PR Is
on 6, lepurts WA1DRS, G3TOQ/W1 Is Uvii* in Qutocy, fclLW got
married. WIHZR worked his HJS. principal uf 46 years ago,
W3DHU. T-V Radio Club met at WHSX's. South Shore Club held a
meeting with Wis GM and JMA telling same of their experiences.
WAIDJC is moving to No, Dartmouth and has new iiW-100.
K7IRE/1 was in the.DX Contest. NEEPN had 5 sessions, 119 QNls,
14 traffic, say* WIAOG, net mgr. New YU: WA1M0C, WN1MPQ.
W1ALP has his HW-17A on 2. K1SRW is Advanced Class. K1ZLI
and Wis AY, KSK, KO and K1GVM an? on 2. OO W1NF received
several "thank you 1 ' letters. WU OJM, PEX, WA1EYY Jtul
WAIKZE made the BPL. WAU JHQ and JYY have a Technical
Disunion Net on 7U25 a1200U& WNtMQI is new. EM2MN had 22
wrions, 160 QNIs, 175 traffic report* RM WA1FAD. W1JKR
imports the Barnyard Net had 2ft xeaqnvm, 569 QNIs, 30 traffic.
W1BGW is on 10 and 15 c*. WNIMCY waa in EMNN a few times.
WJKSK has the call WAIMPN for his place in Wcllfleet; his XYL is
K1TJZ. Framingham RC had a very good auitlnn, KIRAW was
auctioneer. WAUWQ, pres. of Brookiine HS KC WA1MEL says the
Uub will be i»n 75 and 20 from Laa AnUcrsim Park during Mass.
Amateur Radio Week, Middlesex ARC had W1TCP as a speaker,
Capeway RC met at KlIPB's. (lis son. WNf KSF, did well in the
Novice Contest W1ANB showed some movies arid slides. WB6ftffl\
a former member* keeps in touch bv mail and on the air. Massasovt
ARC had a talk ou "Transistors^ by WAU-.W;. W6KFM, a farmer
member, checks in «n (0. W1RZA is back un ^hoi^^irk. WAIGPU
was home for taster. AA1BMU sends me a copy of QUA* a monthly
paper of MARS. Appointments endorsed: WTAQE as RM for 15;
KIOKE as PAM for 6; Wis AQb, LMG, tJJ, BB as ORSs; Wis
AAR, BB aa OPSs; Wis QFN, IPZ, tlKG » FCs; W1HCT as OVS;
W1 ALP a» OBS. 6 Meter Cross Band Net had 20 sessions* 80 QNIs, 5
traffic, WAUPE worked K1AGA In R,f, on 2, Norfolk County RA
held Its annual banquet in memory of W1AGR, WIQV was the
speaker* WAIMJD is on 2. Wis BITF, H U . WAIIRY made PSRR.
Traffic: ('Maz.i WIOJM 62«, WAlEYY 5&8, W1PEX 530, WA1FAD
321, W1QYY 281, WAIK7E 118, FU£SC L12, WfhUG 109,
WAUPE 106, W1HK5 W1BUF S3, WA1JYY 74, K17YW68,
WAURY 62, WUJX 6U, WA11JL 51, W1CTR 40, W1DOM 1&,
WA1DPX 24, WA1K1J 22, WIJDP 18, WA1MFG 16, WAU 110 11,
W1MNK 8, KIOKE 8 t WN1MCY 7, KICLM 2, (Feb,) WAURY A5,
W1tMG7<),KlPRB73,KtZYW68, WA1JKJ 31.
MAINE - SCM, Peter E. Sterling, K1TEV - SFC: K1CU-.
PAM: WA1FLG, RM: W1BJB. WA1HVF has started a 6-meter net,
It is on 50.185 at 1900 every evening. \ am sorry tn report the
pawing of WlBAVr He wilt be sadly missed. W1KJU, of Bath, is
bark on the air with a new SB»10l. WlMHH,of thomation, was
reissued Mm expired call. New hams in the State nf Maine are
WAlMOl, WN1MNB, WN1MOQ. WN1MPE, WN1MPR, WN1MQM.
Congiatulations, fetlows. KiCNC, of «ockiand4 Is now chief
engineer of WRKD, W1EZR received his overdue <rrtificate for
copying a 1969 Armed Forces Day message. I V M«v N.H. - Vt. Net
meets on MtSS at 233QZ; Seagull Net on 3940 Mon, through Sat. at
1700; Pine tree Net at 1900 on 3596 Mon, through Sua We are still
looking foi news for the column. Any news w<mld be muchly
appreciated, W1AE K in his summer QfH at Peaks Island, We
are still looking tor Nt3s for tb: Pine Tree Net Anyone interested
in helping run the net, please get in touch with W1BJG, Traffic:
WA1JFX 73, WAlFt-'M 28.
 NEW HAMPSHIRE - SCM, Donald Morgan, K1QES - K1PQV
to a new RM In the section. Good luck, Sid. Welcome to ctub station
WAIMN7 at N.U. Technical Institute in Farrotagton, WAIMOF u
now Tech.. WA1MNZ Cond^ WA1MRM and WA1MPM Advanced,
WNls MOC, MNW, MOY, MRO, MQP, MQK, MPV Novices. All ore
greeted as they join our rank*, VTNHN reports SI sessions, ONI
173. traffic 178. GSPN report! check-ins 705 and traffic 107. The
Manchester Radio Ctub submits a monthly import and it is noted It*
w*>dc and tbecwy classes are wrjl attended. Alio to he coimocndcd
arc WILUD and K1HRG, who axe vnnducting code and theory
classes tn Littleton. We can use* more active haou in the northern
part of our state. W1RCC reports that the Nrahua Mike and Key
Club will soon have a new 6&2-meter amplifier for the dub.
WtSWX worked 74 countries on 80 during the DX Contest. WlBUT
siurcd high with 7.1 ppm in the Feb. FAIT* VTNHN Fefc, report
*hows QN1 270, traffic 162. Traffic: fMarJ WA1JTM 533. tlBCS
301, K1PQV 14R, WA1CC£ 64, WIUBG 4*, KIOES 10, WA1KTX
7. (Feb.) K1PQV &4? WA1GCB 33.

RHODE ISLAND - SCW, John Jk Johnson, K1AAV - SEC:

WIYNB. RM: WlfiTV. PAM: WVtXU VHF PAM: K1TPK. R1SPN
report: 31 sewfona. 629 QNl, W traffic. VU WA1LZH and
WA1MCJ vtish to contact other YLs In the state who are interested
in low-band traffic and YL activity tn the *tate* W1YNF, the 5EC,
would like all KCs to contact him and bring his record up to date.
AH hams Interested in the 4REC program air requested to contact
the SKC or the SCM for applications. K.ICBO has completed a new
antenna system foi his teletype station. WA1CVF U home I n m
college and joined his M o w hams at W1AQ. Other W1 AO members
we working for a Field Day tint will surpass all prior field Days.
WAIIYF and his committee have cumpfeted most of the club's
renovation*. In order to nfcet the deadline it is requested that all
Information for QST be submitted to the SOU before the filth of
the month. This if necessary so that the record* and traitic can be
completed to meet the deadline. Your Form I is all that a necessary
to send to the SCM. TfcifTic: W1TXL 175. K1QFO 59, K1VYC16,
WAUST5, W1FLN 2.

VERMONT - SCTM. E, Reginald Murray, klMPN -

Net Fr«f. OMTfDaya <WT QTC AT. Mtr.
Gr.Mt. 21.10 M-S 3«4 27 WMiLZ
Vt. Kone Jvss tiOOSu WA1E03I
MNV 36 HS 3-230 M«F J 73 17H
Carrier 394 $ I300M-F VV1KKD
VTCD 3440 ti I400SU 61 Wt AD
VTPON S909 2200 Xu 42 KlttQB
VTSB 3909 2130 M-S 124 WAUISO
1130
All nets are on summer time. Harwood Uokm Amateur Radio Club
now has the call WA1MPL International Weld Day will be Aug. 16
at Green Lantern Inn, iforlntte, VL Ooqgrata to WA11HN (Fair
Haven) Vt, winner and W4YWX Macon. Ga„ uutvede winner, in the
1970 VL QSO Piarty. AH 14 counties were active and Vt, QSOs
averaged I every 20 wounds for 211-hr. period. Traffic: K1BOB 194.
W1FRT 96, WA1GK& 4». K1MPN 32, WA1GJR 13v JUYG113.

WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS - SCM. Percy C. Noble. WlBVR

- SEC: WA1DNB. CW RM; W1DVW, With tbe appointment of
WA1HFY as Franklin C-ounty Ki. Wfcst Mass. now has every county
covered. With SIX? WA1DNB as control rrur Sun. Morning Amateur
Radio Emergency Cosrps Net on W35 kg, at 8:30 A.M. is p i n g One.
Berkshire County has the flrxt county ARRC net under the direction
of WA1DVE - 6 me ten, CW RM W1DVW reports that WMN had
181 ONIs and handled 135 messages. Six highest In attendance were
WlBVR, WIDVW, WA1LNF. K1SSH. W1ZPB and KI1JV,
WA1LGU h a new ORS, W1FGJ is moving to Mich. K4KH,
ex-WlMVF, sends his 73 from N.C. With deep regret we report tlul
, W1BPH is now a Silent Key. W1 ilRC U busy on 4 phone nets; dltte
| W1IHI. WN1MPG is a new ham In Amherst WA1JUJ passed the
Advanced CI. exanu WA1LNF Is doing some excellent Hrequcncj
measuring Valley Amateur Radio Club: K1FNA is the 1970 FteU
Day chairman. The Hampden County Radio Assn.: W1DHQ spoke
on antennas and matching. Check with K1NJC for Field Da)
information. Central Masi. ARA: W8PEY/1 showed movies at the
Mar. meeting. WA1FW passed the Advanced CL exam and some 4
hk code and theory class now have their Generals, Montachusefl
ARC: W1TPZ has tapes and charts available of the passes of Oscar 5
W1GUI is holding code t lasses. The SCM would be pleased U
receive your P5HR totals. See pJ7, Mar. QST. The closing date
for receipt of all reqorts is the 7th of each month. Tfe: (Mar) W1
ZPJJ201 WlBVR 84. W1DVW 84. K1SSH 82, KIUV 45, V W X
25, W1KK 22, WA1DNB 17, W11HI 15, KIWZY 15, WA1LGU H
WA1LNF14. WlflRC 2. (Feb.) W1FGJ 24, KIWZY 20.
 NORTHWESTERN BtVBtCW
ALASKA - HUM. Albert K Weber. K.L7AEQ - On his fir*
with newlHn*t*JM nm hrfr rtf, KLltUY ran out ot gas and hi
holler far help. Hmmm. Koh is Stt' in this area, tw, KL7G1
Alaska Chapter hurl of tlu; llMu P^el, At last report both KL
and KL7Ff.R h w fipentlnft from the North Mope oilfields. V
KL7FHF bought his mauotain-fnp VUhcth* tod no
how much dynamite It would take iust to get up them. KL7PI
hod: fa? Seward sifter (ris White Mice stint on the chain
elsewhere. KL7LW0 is operating Nome, the (tn
Mountain White Alio? site to he exact k tor the tuEocmafcon of an
the ^ounty-hunten et nl W7FFN, was intattbanktleuHitly. A
call heard around tow » WB41RU* Will bet we are #otn* to. 1
lots of W5« mntiiniE portablr tefnw Ion;, Recently Xnwd rail
YL In Tanuiu i* WL7HAO, and ) understand this 4 real affron
her. Traffic: KL7CAH
%

IDAHO Donald A. Crisp, W7ZNN - fhe (ARM

ii>em each da* at 02W GMT on N t tfcHa. the Idaho RACKS
meets week Oav* at 1515 GMT nn ,WJJ klfe. W7CirT qualified
the new Honor Roll award for the third month In * r»w.
Ofofirro Club w planning a 2-met?r repeater installation. W7FEC
recovering from a bad burn cauwd tvhivt tut antenna he <
installing came in contact with a 13KV power line. WA7FFE bi
'ww J-meter fm installation. WA7KWV ha* j. new KT
installation. K7KBX qualified for a BPL twued- W7CHT received
OKS endonemntv SCM W77-NN 9 m * talk tn the Urnfroo a
W7ZNN is moving to Pullman, Wash. FARM Net report: sessio
1014 ctackriiu. 191 mifflc handfal TniTtic: K7KBX 529, W7GI
174, WA7BDD 54, W72NN 23, K.7CSL R

MONTANA - Jovph A. irAny, W7TYN - S»:

W7RZY. ?AM; W7ROh, Appointment; WA7MKY as Deer U *
Co. EC. The Butte Hub has started a Novice Net on 7156 k f b
9:30 A.M, Sua. W7LNU i* on 2-meter im with a hooubrcwuutl
W7WYG will spend rte summer at Wfart Veflowttone, WA7FWC
hu been on from the Rodman K71MZ )>ftfifefejnjtup on1
hamfoit details. X7ETGJ nn ? m*tm in the tfreat falls an
Well, rfwf's wJ/ the irewx tut (hu fcvuith. Tratlic: W7L&K c.
WA7IZR 44, K7EGJ 29, WA7LXM A

CHEtCON - 6'OM, Ciafc T. iuitice. K7WWK - KU:: W7HU

KM: K7CG0. PAM: K7ROZ. Net repurtji; K7YOM report* for tl
AElfcC Net4 sessions trartic 17, chevMm contacts 6
nuibfmum number of counties K7ZCJU reports (or the bS1
truffle MK 1.19V »>ntads i27. fLTOt1
lepmts tor the OSN, wwons 22, IratTtc 7b. L.1icrk-Jn« l ift, K701*
reports for the NSN, sesttons 31, traf>1i' 1*0, i hwk-liw i4K, Mo
CJreifon uzc nceded on tto NSK. which mi»ts nightly <
37(H> kfcU. Mew Novit-e in Grants Pius is WN70CX WA7JQK* In o*
nrwten. The Saturday Afternoon Net met at WA7JSV* home f
the ftrat &t-to&tbcr jnd conferred certificates on WA7AC
WA7AtlA, WA7JAWt WA7LM1, WA7J5V, WA7DWR, WA7H1T
W7ZUL, K7WWR, K70Ij0. WA7KDU» WA7UJU, WA7CQ
WA7MMD. The 1 vt meets utt 3913 kilz. New appointment
WA7KKH ax OPS and WA71.DZ * OPS, WA7FTN repen
157K phone i^tehes h> Asia during March. Traffic: WA71C
257, K7£CQZ 2Jt4 WA7lt*S 144, KTOUF 140. K70FG K7ZC
91, WA7K1U W7BNS WA7KRH JtO, WA7HKV 2
WA7Ki>tl 2H, R7YQM 27, K7WWR WA75AW 21. W7ZB 1
W7MLI LUHrrHLP9 a V7StX8.

OREGON 060 PARTY

This contest, sponsored by ttw Porttanri Amateur Radio Club, w
takft place trom 2000 GMT Juna 13 to '2400 GMT Jura 14. 107
no timt or powtr JJmtts; Tha cell It GG ORE or d« It is op
to dll anwtours. Stanons may be worked on difturent bonds m
different modes (ewf phona, RTTYK Tha enchangt will be Q£
tiumber, HS(T> and stan/pro/ince or country Mr nan-Oreqi
stations: and OSO nun^ier, RSIH and county tor Oregon station
Suflgested irewencte: I97&2000 3560 3000 7060 7700 140>
14280 21060 21400 2fiOGO 28G00 kHz. Also count contacts in t
VHP OSO Party that satisfy requirements of this party* Scorl
system^ Complatwi auJwngev count am pomtr «*cept thar RTT
and iSO-mmr exchanqes count 5 points. Multiply by total di Iters
counties or srafe/provineos plus countries. Awards: Carditeste* y
ba awarded for high scoring sincf t-operator srarlons ouutd* Ot*g
and the top t h m iln^e-nperator and top multioperator station
Oregon. The postmark dwfilna for entries ts Juna 'M, 1970. tie
your Ion to Marty Kirk. WA7JMA, Contest Committee Chulrtni
ht Amharst* Porttand, Ore. 97203. Enciosa an 1
lesults.
WASHINGTON - SCM, Hariy W. Lewis, W7JWJ - The&poh
Dial Twitter* held its Annuil Banquet May 9. K7EFB, now pres.
 Spokane Radio Amateur's Club, is working nfchts and isofT some of
the usual acts for awhile. The Spokane 6-mrter repeater is working
FB - w n cuts yon off the air after minutes. Ye old phone man
of Spokane, WA7FIC (Asst. ARRL Dlrector-NW Division), has been
reported winning cw contests. The Walla Walla crew just got
together for its annual auction and outing at the Jeffcnon Field
Home. The Northwest Tech Net now r» entering its 6th year of
operation with W7BQ at the helm. WA7KOJ3 has a new home-brew
Yagi up in the sky and is working oat real wdL K7GZJ is studying
via correspondence to be a substation operator and Is working a
rotating shift with Bonneville Power. WA7FVT is now PrL Timothy
J. Blair, 96MKM607 COD BN4 BRD 1, USATCA, Fort Knox, Ky.
40121* and looking for news from Washington. The second week
end in July marks the Tacoma Hamfcst, billed as the big one in the
state, W7Z1W reports need for QNB RN7 with W7AXT still bringing
in BPL originations from the YMCA in Bremerton. K7NZV now Is
running the i-Meter AREC Net wHIe former NCS K7BBO b pre
occupicd with moon bounce wuik, Back in Mat W7CNK of Tacoma
wu the first 320-MHz niuon bounce QSO with WB6NMT/6. W7BA
has only 18 months to «snd he will have made BPL every repeat
every month for 20 year*. (Note to W7AXT: BPL curds milled •
Thanks for stamped and addressed envelope), '(tattle: W7BA 1436,
W7AXT 27R, W7PT25B, WA7KOB 181,WA7DZL150. K7CEP119,
WA7LOQ 1U4, JC7KPC b*. W7BQ hb, W7APS 56, W7GYF 54,
WTBUN 43, WA7LMO J | p W7USO 20, WA7AOQ iy f K70KC 16,
W7AIB1 3, K7WTG13, W7UWT 8, K7BBO 5.

PACiFtC DtVmON
EAST BAY - SOU, Paul J. Parker. WB6DHI1 - f would like to
request that those uf you who send In the Form 1 every month try
to pet them in to ice by the 5th or the 6th of each month, pk-ase.
Received an interesting letter the other day from WA6FDB telUQg
me of their planned Field Day excursion this year. They wilt be
operating from Kit Carson passin Alpine County and from his letter
it sure sounded like a lot of fun. W61PW reports that the traffic
business has been rather slow these days, at his traffic total this
month will confirm. WB6VEW has been checking into NCN recently
along with WA9FDU/6. The Northern Calif. Net meets daily on
3630 kHz and Is always looking for chcck-ins at 0300Z and 0430Z.
Keep these items in mind; handling traffic can be a very rewarding
experience. WA6PKN has been appointed chief engineer at the local
KQED educational TV channel The Annual Division Meeting Apr. 3
and 4 was \ very big affair this year with almost 90 people there
. from the northern part of Calif, and the State of Nevada. Many
: topics were brought up and the session ran tbe better part of the
; day. Congratulations to Doug DeMaw* W1CER, on his appointment
| to the post of Acting Technical editor of QST. WB6NMT/6 finally
; has seen the fruits of the months of labor be put into the 220 EME
tests by finally working W7CNK, Traffic: W6IPW 196, WA9FDU/6
| 1I1H, WBGVFW27.
i
HAWAII - tit Tiff, l-ee R, Wfcat. KHABZF - SKC: KIKGQW. RM:
KH6AD. PAM: KH6GJN, USL Mgr.: KU6DQ. ECs: KH6s GPtf, LP,
KlHNQ/KHb. GLU, BAS, ttKV/KR6, KXbfT, KCfiEJ <md
W7UZH/Guam. RACES Nets coordinate with KH6AIN, Radio
Officer.
Net* Mtii (JMT Dayt
Friendly 703*17 M-F
Boy Scout tujw IttOOZ 5a.
Pacific tnterfeland 14.335 0SM>Z M-W-F
Micronesia 14.335 O&OOT. Yu-fh-Sa-Su
S.fc. Asia I4w320 1200Z AO
Confusion (patches) 21.400 0130Z AD
Pacific Typhoon 14.265
Gecko iKH4) r 4.3*5 1000Z Th
Marin* Corps 21.430 1900Z M-F
E\-K3DIO/KH6 reports IK'S now W2FQZ, W7WOX/KH6 is
active chasing OX. KM6BAS reports that he's active on the Caicka
Barel Net daily at 09U0Z on 3977 and quite active on sbw-scait t V,
It is with deep regret that we note the passing of U3TRY/ZL2AJW
in Feb. Tony was well known as VJ2NW and in past years was,
2X3C1» ZD2NWW, ZD1NWW, VS9ANW, ST2AZ and VS6FS,
reports KHbGQW/ex-K R&UD. Several weeks a p a major earths
quake occurred near Kamchatka in W. Siberia. ICH6AX, Freeman,
began guarding 14.228 MHz to ubtain information un wave
generation in KL7-Land to* determine possible efferts to Hawaii,
SEC KH6GQW joined the awareness group with KL7SU. KL7AHH,
and others In touch with the Alaska Civil Defense until It was
determined no wave was experienced at JCM6*Land, The Tsunami
Net then sevueed. KH6GK1 really is eiyoymg his new S/Line.
KU6BZF has a new FICO No. 717 electronic keyer. WH6HCE has a
new No. 717 keyer. too, The response to KH6BZF taking over
KH6EDV (Kure Island) QSL Managership (1961-1969) lias been
overwhelming. Keep those SASEs or (RCs with ait &AE coming for
those Kure It. confirmations. Mail your ARRL Form, is to reach
your SCM before the 5th of the month, Traffic: KH6GRG 44,
KH6LP 33, KH6GQW 21, KH6BZF 16, K1HNO/KH6 10, KHbBAS
7¥ EH6GPV 4.
NEVADA - SOU, Leonard M. Norman, W7PBV - SEC: Mr, U
U "Mfte M Wain, WA7B&U, 560 Chary St., Boulder City, Nev,
tWMtf, WTTVF will jwhedufe anyone OK or stateside needing
Nevada, K7KHA, WA7CWM, WA7KQS, WBMX1G/7 awl K9VKR/7
represented the Nevada Sweepstakes. K6ADA/7 worked LWUCH
with 3 watts on lomrters. Several CB rigs have bwnietvned tor 10
meter* in the Las Vegas area. The FOC has assigned the call KFWJ
to K6ADA, who will be running 500 watts on 980 kHk, K7ZOK and
WA7DSP feport activity on 6 meters. The FM proposal seems to
have created some comments. WA7NHT lost his vertical The Sierra
Hamfest Is sche&iled for Aug. 22 at Bower's Mansion, between
Reno and Carson City, IL7ZAU, chairman, promises us another FB
pogrom with the committee getting the chuck-wagon grub cooked.
K7USR is active on KTTY. W4CJD/7 is being heard from HB0XGR.
SACRAMENTO VALLEY - SCM, John F, Muike, III, WbKYA -
SEC: W6SMU. Sacramento Valley was represented at the Pacific
Division Director's meeting in San Jose by W68MU, WB6AUH,
K.6TWE, K6HTM, W6PRE. W6JON, W6TEH, WbGDO, WB6KZN
and W6KYA, who were delegates from the North Hills RC,
Sacramento Army Depot RC, Golden Empire ARS, Mt. Vaca ARC,
RAMS and the CARC. A apeciel. thanks to K6HTM, who caine all
the way down from Chieo to attend. Mark your calendar tor the
Sierra Hairiest to be held at Sower's Mansion near (Larson City Aug.
22, K7ZAU is chairman. and additional details can be had from P A
Box 2534 In Reno. New officers of the NHKC ate WftKKI, pres.;
WB6AUH, vice^pres,; WB6CKH, WA6PAB, treat WA6RBD,
oC Red Bluff, traded in Ma call for KbRW, I received an interesting
letter from K4TXK/6 In Shingle Springs, which was written while
being airborne at 13,000 compJete with the vibrations ft»w says he
Is Interested In fm repeaters and has one at his OTH «Kh an input
frequency of 146.070 and output at 147.540, WB6VYZ* formerly
from Willows, is now a Silent Key. KGTWE finally made DXCC after
many years of trying. Listened to UK recently? Get *G thosecrazy
new prefixes! Don't fovget the Annual Field Day. Traffic: W-
SVDA/6 91, K6RW tt, W6XYA 2.
SAN FRANCISCO - SC'-M, Kenneth S. McTagprt, KbSKM -
fc&SAA, who has been living in Tahiti, paid a visit to Marin County
in teh. W6CYO and WB6UIO were tbc Marin Radio Club delegate*
to the Pacific Division Director's meeting in Apr. W6HVQ, of San
Francisco, is apparently tbe first W6 itatton to work 3079 cnuntics
fnr the County Award, WB6UJO gave a vividly illustrated lecture on
"The Ait of QSLing" at the Apr, meeting of the Marin Radio Club,
Northern Calit Emergency Net meets at 1SU0Z, 3920 kHz. S u a
W6K9C. WB6HZZ, WB6KMI and WAbNQZ participated in Armed
Forces Day by operating from the Navy's station, NPG, located at
Skagg's Island, They report that working with llMcw transmitters
and rhombics ts not bird to take, WMtWV reports that WB6GVI left
fm Florida In early Apr. ftie Humboldt Amateur Radio Club meets
the 1st and 3rd Tue. at the County courthouse in Eureka. W6PZE
advises that the Pfctaluma Amateur R*dio Klub meets the 2nd and
4th Frn at a P.M. ±t ths Fetaluma Sky Ranch Airport. WB6FZN
seems to gpt a new license about ewry Tour months* tie got the
Novice In Aug;, General in Dec. Advanced in Mar. He keeps his TR-4
busy o r NCN/3. The Pacific Division Director's meeting In San lose
was well attended with 84 League officials and d u b delegates. The
minutes arc being distributed to all who attended by WA6AUD. our
Wcfrdtrector. WN6POV has his General on the way. W6KQ *ay« his
O o activity i* down because of the cleaner, more stable signals on
the air lately, Traffic; (Mar.) WA6BYZ 329, W6BWV 77, WB6PZN
21. IPebJ W6KVQ 60v W6BWV 32, WA6AUD 19, WBftGVl lO,
WbPZF S,
SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY - SCM, Ralph Saroyan, W6JPU -
WA6SCK is very active on NCN and KN6. Anyone interested in
handling traffic, check in at OJIKNE »n JAM kHz. W60WL has a tree
standing (not free? 7WL tower for his beams, (lie Navy MARS
repeater received has an t-RT preampltftcr and it is working better,
WA6MLQ has been vhT hilt-topping with great success M W h
risttcd EXPO 70 In Japan, Thnsa attending the Pacific Division
Director's meeting in Nan Jose, Apr. 4, w m K.6SNA, WN6MDN,
WB6QSH. W6VSV, W6JPU, WB6DPP, WB6HVA and W6TFU.
WGJCZK gave a talk to the Delta Amateur Radio (HUB on antennas.
WB&RAG is ex-CM8KK» W60HT i* the TV! chairman in Tulare.
WA6WXP is the TV1 chairman for frerco, WB6LCM bats a new fm
recptver. WA6UMU, K60BR and WB6VSY dtvussed MARS prn-
gntns at the FARC. KfcVFK, SisteT Charbtte, is looking lor
equipment for the San Jaa4|uUi Memorial High School Radio Club.
WA6CPP has a super gain antenna on 441 heading e u t WtYKS is
using KTTY on h meters, WB6JJG has mnvcd to Idaho. WA6AUZ
and WBbJJG conducted cmk- d a w s i n 1-odf, with WAMTP assisting
with theory. Twrfic: WA6SCE f K6KOI. I OH, WA*( W 1 .
SANTA CLARA VALLEY M'M, Arbeit i : , Ikwtano, W6VTT
KM: WA6LI A. KbIJYX has been holding tvgular *ked* with hfc
brothers. W8AIU and K4AHE, vn JiMneter K2UU recently
moved Into the arva and ban been active on NCN. W6AUC ha* been
quite acthrc lately handling phone patch *ked* for rcrviccmcn in
Okinawa and Guam. W6ZKJ is working ua hw teletype grot he
can handle traffic the easy way. W6VZT hat built up some 2-mcler
frit gear and has been operating on the WAbYCZ ivpeater. (hi* form
of operation wai found to be very refreshing, litis lepcatcr*
belonging to baycom, a valley dub, ha* no rage hewing but strictly
technical talk, TTiere are no round tables each guy speaks when he
has something worthwhile to say. All the members souud like a fine
group and axe certainly a credit to ham ladlo. &uita Clan Valley
VHh' Section Net on 2 meter* hs gaining In popularity very rapidly
and had 91 check-nut in Mar, and handled 21 piece* of traffic.
WN6HAD handled hii first piece of traffic on MO meter* Stick with
it, Gene, Traffic during Easter week quite heavy and it was nice
to nee it flow quite smoothly. Nome of the (el'ows put in a Sot of
hour* to make the jsmooth flow possible. Thank you, gang. Tronic:
W6RSY 774, WA6I.frA 2 * 7 . W6YBV 14$. V6BVB 131, K6DVX
121. W f i v r r 111, WhPKh" WfiNW 60. W6BPT 45, W6AUC43,
WftUU 1 14, K2FIY/A 11}. W6ZRJ 6.
RCMATOJOr W V K / O W
NORTH CAROLINA - SCM, ( W n M. Dcmpsey, WA4UQC -
Aist SCM: JamesO. Pullman, W4VTK. m i l W4KVN. RM; W I R E .
RAM: W4AJT. VHF PAM: W4HJZ, WB4EBW and WA4NUO pasted
the Advanced Cla« tests. W4WXZ has a 30LI and it's doing a good
job, WN40ED has Joined AREC. Since incentive licensing became
effective members of the Tarheel Emergency Net have upgraded
fn Extra or Advanced Class. W4EVN. WB4ICF and WB4GAN made
BPL last month. K4CAX participated in the Vt„ Va, and Wyo, QSO
Parties He also worked the 2nd week end of the ARRL DX Test
K4t1lA says he has been busy with convention planning, antenna
work and DX.
Net b'tCQ* timef Days yrc Mgr.
N.C.SSB mi.io7 Daily u WA4KWC
3573 2 M S / Uaily 128 WB4MU
C'N(K) 357JI 2 345 Z Daily 78 VVB4MLI
CNfLIPF.B- 0 3 0 0 ? Daily WB40HK
CNfLl 3S7J 0300Z Daily 60 WB4G11K
THEN 0(1307 Daily ftu WA4UOC
traffic: <MaU. W4EVN W . WB4IOf SOT* WMltflT 117.
R5TGA/4 122. W4WXZ 40, VA4CAIC 36, K4TTN 3ft, K4VBC 32.
WB4GHK 27, WA4VNV 27, VA4UQC H , WA4NUO 18, K4MC 13,
W4ACY 13, K4CAX 12, WB4JMG H% WB4HGS 7, W4EEL 5 ,
WA4KWC J , WB4BCL 2. (bebj WB4HGL 2. (Jan.) WB4BGL 47.
Scrntb Carolina - 50M, Charles N. Weight, W4PFD - SEC:
WA4fcW. PAMt W4VFO. KM: Vacant
JVrt JU/j limes/Days tttr. 7JV
SCPN M30 Noon Dy, OA.tn/l 5 3 0 / Sv
CN JS73 214$ 2/0200Z Uy 78
KCSSBN 3Q15 2100Z Dv tfl*
WN4MCI, in Spartanburg* jumped from Novice to Advanced at one
sitting. Congratulations! Aside from two traffic reports* that's all
the news that was sent In this month. Better luck to my successor,
who will take office June 26* I'd Like, to take this space to say that
I've enjoyed working with the SX\ bams during my two terms as
SCM and hope you will support whoever takes over Although the
pressure* of other activities will not allow me sufficient time to
handle the administrative duties of SCM, I will remain active in our
nets and in League affairs in the stale and division, Traffic: W10A/4
51, W4NT0 34.
VIRGINIA - SCM, Robert J , Slagle, K.4CR - A*st M? Albeit
L. Martin, Jr., W4THV, SEC: WA4PBG. Asrt. SEC; WB4CVY. KMs:
WA4EUL, K4MLC. W4SU1. PAM: W40KN. VHF P\M:
WMYXiL Regret to announce WA4WVU U a Silent Key. WA4YXK
his been appointed VEIF PAM» K40CM 0B5* K4TSJ OO Class It
and 0?&t W4DSW OPS by Aat. SCM. WA4LUL needs input tor Va.
Ham. K4CGY» net mgr. of VFN, reports 28 ses^oos, OTC 49,
check-ins 701, 0 0 W4I1U reports 15 ont-of-band second harmonics,
total 41 violations. W41TU had .00006% error on 14048.1132 In the
FMT! WB4FPT passed the Extra; took 1st place in Roanoke Div. tn
the SS Pone rnuttt-op station. k4KNP was top traffic-handler in
Mar. W 4 S 0 0 was traveling, so his. traffic score suffered. WB4GIS
had a gyand time with Y/4GL1' at PI9GF he ^tiUls buttdmg the
SB-220. WB4FJK. (K4KDJ) san xchool work and vacation keep
traffic low. WB4DRB has antenna and power <5u watts from 15) up
at school W4DM is recuperating from the- UX Contest, W4YZC
operated cw mobile from 12 counties m the Va. Party. W4JUJ
has confirmed 1529 counties wsu awarded 1st pbee tVa.) in the
»«. iinci Ark, Q50 Parties. K4JYM is new prexy of RARC K4JM
udviset that shoes help in DX Contests. W4KA0 won't give up the
balky 1 K-yttarold switch in tin linear. W4CEQ still U moving and
QRT, WB4PYA it moving around but Is attlve in K T T N and
1-cAKL W4LX dcscttcd u* tor the m t or taut year's vacation.
K4LIKJS/W4TK, XVT/OM team, tenor* nn traiHc because they aw
pnjumR Hntennn. K4KSS Is very Hclfve In 4RN, VSN, VN.
WB4GMC is moving- WB4CTH advises that he enjoys the column.
We nerd more stations participating in nets and in traffiohandling -
VSBN at 6 and 10 P.M. 3935, VSN 6;30, VN 7;00 P.M. on 3860
and VFN 7:30 P.M. on 3947. Our Director, W4KFC, presented a
plaque at the QCWA Dinner to our lovdv K4LMB, who has given so
much of herself to ham radio. Traffic (Mar.) K4KNP 254,
WB4CVY 251, W4UO 190, W4S00 170, WB4GTS 98, WB4GTG
92. WB4FJK 80, K4KDJ 79, WH40DN 76, WA4JJF 50, WA4PBG
50, WA4EUL 49, WB4KCM 44, K4GR 39, WB4t'DT 37, W40KN
36, WB4NNO 31. W4TJF/3 30. WB4JJS/4 26, K0YQX 21, W40BE
20, WB4DRB 19, W4DM 17. K4TSJ 17, WB4IRA 14, WB4KBJ13,
W4ZYT t3, WA4W0G 12, WA4YRH 12, W4SHJ \ 1, W4YZC 10,
W4JUJ 7. W4THV 7, W4DSW 6, W4MK 6, K4VCY A, K4JM 5,
W4KAO 4, WB4LAB 4, WB4LQV 4, WB4HNJ 3, W4JHK 3,
WA4NJG 3, W4KX1, WB4PYA 1.1 Feb J WB4GTS 113, WB40DN
?*, K4FSS WB4GMC 24, K4MLC 17, WB4JJS/4 6, WB4PRD 4.
W4KFC 4, W4GLQ1.
WEST VIRGINIA - SCM, Donald K Moms, W8JM - SEC:
WAftNDYi RM: WBRBBG. PAMs: WHIYD, K8C11W, Phone Net
Mgr.; WB8AQE. WVN-CW meet* on 15711 at 7 P.M. and Phone Net
on 3995 at 6 P.M. WN8CJX passed the General ( I a n e u u n and ha* a
new M B linear. RSGWS ha* a new 220-watt alt-hand rig. WBUsl
received OK-Und award, 100 QSOs. W«HH(i has new KWS-1 and
75-A4 with rix-etement beam. WNWMA u active on 4fV15.
WNKUJN Is up to 20 counties. WA8POS renewed <JR& New
Beckley ARC has W8I1VR. pre*.; WA8UXF, Wcc-pics.; W88A.ST,
sec>>txcas. KS4AN has ivturncd to Reck ley. West Va. Wesleyan
ARC at Buckhannon is now lated with ARRU KKCFT WNVF,
WARNDY, WHNIV, WAtfPFB, R8QYG and WAHRQB serwd on the
uummittee to pick the W* Va. AmateuT of the Year for 1970, WVN
t'W net reports 49 session*, 237 stations. 95 messages: Phone Net,
29 wxdoiiv fv? stations, 43 messages; Mountain State Net, 5
w**fans» 4U stations, 5 mcnagca. WN8DXF is class instructor for
Buckhannon ARC. WA8YWK is working toward 5BWAS. WN8FP5
received CPC-20. WA8ZZI and WB8HUG made PSHR, Remember -
State ARfcU, Convention, Jackson's Mill July 4 and 5. Traffic;
WbftBBG 198, WA8NDY 83. W8CKX 23, WA8ZZI 22, WA8WCK
10, WAKLFW 8 t W8JM 7, W8VZP 5 , WA8ROB 5, WA8YWK 3,
WBRAQfl 2, ^81 Pi' WBAFB I, WBSAI'J 1. WB8AKR 1,
WUKAVQ t , K8CHW 1, WKtV 1. K80£W 1, W8WET 1.WA8YHH
i, WAHY5B 1.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN DTVTSfON
COLORADO - SCM. Charles M. Cottereil. W0S1N - Asst. SCM:
Neat Morris, K0TIV, SEC: WA0HLO. RM: W0LRN, PAMs:
K0IGA, W0LRW. WB0AWG. 1*he Rocky Mountain Radio
League and Its VbVWYX, repeater on meters have been busy In
the St. Patrick1* Day Purafe und \n helping the Gilpin County's
Sheriffs people. With WB0AWG, the new VHP PAM, we should
have some news of the Hamsters Club. The 40 Meter Eye Bank Net
reports 674 ONI for Mar., 195 eves requested and 51 sent. By
W0MKM. The Colorado Code Net may still be on 3660 kHz. Took
At least a one-month trial. K0MNO has 38 points for PSHR for Mar.
W0LRW reports much interest in the 160<mctcr section net. W0LCE
has been appointed by JctToson County RACES to work on this
band for them, too. WltWYX had 4U Indies of snow in Mar. I tie
new repeater rtg nuy have put this repeater out of business* Denver
arm will miss this one, if so. Some food news on license plate
application foes may be in the making. News will be on all stale
nets. CCN had ONI of 165, OTC of 89 and a time of 588 mbs. 28
out of 31 sessions reported. WA0MNL, CON'S tody operator, is a
real pro. Cob, Hi -Noon Net report* QNI1100, QIC 151 for 1284
mins, Columbine has several sessions unreported but about the same
4* usual. OV& WtiMOX jrtd WB6AWG made reports and sent Into
AKRL. Traffic: (Mar.) K0ZSQ W0WYX 204, K0JSP 173.
KtfMNQ WApMNL 60, IC01XK 28, K0SPR 24, W0UAT 21,
K0TIV 20. WtfSiN 14. K01GA W0LRW 7,1VA0LVM 5, W0LCE
m KFH 1 - (Fch.> WA01-VM 17,
NEW MEXICO - SCM, lames R. Print, W5NUI - Two events
dominated March. The heavy tnow storm of Mar. 27 interrupted
telephone communications to Corona, N.M, A visfting mobile,
WflOWR, orijdnatcd a .series of safety and welfare m e n s e s from
Corona. The Road Runner Net provided outleti with spcciai thanks
to W5DMG. W5P0Y, W5DER and W5SDK. The second event was
planned, consisting of a Proclamation by the Governor desfenatirqr
the week of Mar. 30 through Apr, 5 as Amateur Radio Week in New
Mexico. The New Mexico QSO Party Apr. W had vety good
participation, The mults of the USO Party will be published later.
Traffic: W5Kh 2 M , K5MAT 151, WA5TWA W5MYM ¥<\
W5PDY 37, WA5JXU 39. W5DMG 28, W A 6 W Y V , WA50UI 17.
W51XR l f i , WA5JNC 16, WA5BU IS, W5NUI 14, WA5UNA U\
W5LT 8, WAS Ml Y 6, W5BWV 4,

UTAH - S C M » Thomas H, Miller, W7QWM - W7WKF.

RM: W70CX r BUN has changed time to 183H GMT fa) keeping with
the Daylight Saving lime change in the >tate, W7HKC in now an
IJVS. Official Bulletin Stations and Official Observe** are needed in
the Utah wctlon, ( i n t a c t the SCM if you m interested, K7CL0ha*
» new Classic ^Trihnniler. WA7MEL Is now active on 16UM with J.
Vflclng II and encourages nrnre Utah station* to on I60l K7CLO
has been Appointed OPS, W70CX made 44 points In the Public
Soviet Honor Roll <PSHR| and has mode It every month since rts
Inception, WA7LFS passed the General (last test and is now
awaiting his ticket* W7EM is working oq slow-scan T V equipment.
BUN report tor Mac,; Sessions 31, ONI 797, <JTC 63, time 543
minute*. BUN meets daily at 1830 GMT on 7272 kHz and welcomes
all stations. W A T t K V and WA7JOS have been awarded the BUN
certificate. Congratulations! Traffic: W7KM 113, W70CX 7 ] ,
K7SOT 32, WA7LFS 7, WA7NHA 2. « F e b j K7CLO

WYOMING - SCM, Wayne M. Moore, W700L - SEC: K7NQX.

W7TSM is now in Casper and very active on the higher bandk.
WN70KN is a new ham on In Powell* Glad to have CMJ back home
and out of the hospital. K7VWA took a quick vacation tnp to
California in Mar. W7HLA has been doing a lot of lMHnctcr work
and talking to our Colorado and Nebraska neighbor*. W7BKR now
has hu UXCC and ts Leokmg tor a (dace In Jasper to erect his tower
and beam, WA7GOV baa a new linear on the air- rhc Casper <1ub fa
in the prnuns uf ernctlng a new tower which was donated by
K7UUK The YO HO Net » enjoying a lot of activity and has vnnwl
to IW.lK kHi to keep out o f t h e O R M . The w t meets seven nights*
week at IHW local ttme, l3on*t forgrt the hamfait at Glendo this
year - hope to se ynu there, 'traffic-: K7NQX 358, W7GMT 230,
W7SDA I I I , t 7 r n i 81* K7VWA 4S. W7T2K 42, W7VJT 22,
W7HLA U , K7QJW I K WA7GYQ HI, WA7BU % K7SLM 9,
W 7 m i H 8 , K 7 A H O 6.

SOUTHEASTERN DIVISION
ALABAMA - ,HC;M. Dottuld W. Bonner, W4WLG - SKC: K4KJD.
PAM: W 4 H n a KM: W4HPU* That twn^ruy contact w * finally
made b r t w r n WA4HGN in Mnade Shoals.. Ala., and W4HHK In
ColUwvIlK Tenn^ on 7.3»4 MHz, The OS0 was made on Mar. 28,
I97D. HHK used an IS-ft. harabohc up 33 feet and HCiN used a
10-ft, parabolic up 30 feet. I believe- this is the first and is certainly a
milestone for the two actions. Congratulations, fellows. W4UOH
has a new Swan 27a WN4POC has [7-watt transmitter and UX-20
receiver and is active on A END, Welcome to K 4 0 Z 0 , who just
moved to Birmingham, from Kentucky. Listen for 1J* on AENM.
(also 80-2), The North Alabama Hamfest will be held at fluntsvllle
Aug* 15 and 14. Come early and enjoy the fun. Reports are that
Coin mbus Hamfert wax a big success. WN4PFE is a new call on the
bands lately, Steve builds mnch of his own equipment and digs
AEND. WB4LAL is proving that one can play football, keep up the
homework and still handle traffic. Thanks, Ike, K4FZM and
K4WWN have their txtras - well IH be doggone! and, oh yet, isn't
WA4G0S loud duwn in Btrmmghaml Traffic: W4E?VY 142,
WB4feKJ J 33, WB4LAL W4HHJ 96. WB4JME! 91. K4A0Z M ,
WB4kDI 58. WB4LAO 39. WA4CGD 27, W4WLG 17, WA4AZC 10,
WA4VEK H, W4DGH 7, WB4NCT 7, K4WHW K 4 0 Z 0 4,
WN4PQC 3, K4KJO 2, WN40VR 1.

HASTLRN FLORIDA - 8(14, John K ?ortct, W4KGJ - AssL

SAM: Albert Hamef. K4^JIL SEC: W41VT. Asst. 2UT: W4SMIL
RMs: W4ILK, K4EHT few), W4KWM ( R T T Y ) . PAM 75: W40GX.
PAM 40: W4SDR, W4BNL, KC ror IfiUsborough County, did an
e»L^lient Job tn setting up an emergnecy cunimunications center in
the Red CTO&M. Bldg, in 1'ampa to handle Easter greetings to
servicemen aitd chrOians overseas during the bast Holiday season. He
was assisted by many members of the Tampa Amateur Radio Club
under the able direction of W4CI, committee chairman. The
operation proved a success. Plans are now underway to put in a
complete station at Red C r o » to supply the necessary backup for
the upcoming hurricane tcason. Let's hear from other* who are
cooperating with their local Red Crow in a like manner. WA4SCR,
W4TZ, W4DFZ, W20IE/4 and W4LEP teamed up for an amateur
radio setup at the Vero Beach Home Show in Mar. 65 messages were
handled. WB4HKP is back in full swing on most of the traffic ncte.
Welcome back, Frank. W3CUL/4, W3VR/4 and WB4HKP made the
BPL for Mar. Newly-formed Hollywood Radio Club is going peat
uuns with over 53 members. Pres. is WB4FMZ. The 6th Annual
Florida QSO Party was rhe biggest yet. Result* will be in August
Honda Skip. Congratulations to K4FMA on his FMT with a reading
of 1J ppm, Don n one of our best OOs, Our traffic count for thi*
past three months has been wry good, I lie count comes out at
31*1119 for the tint quarter. The Tampa State Pair gave us a bit
boost Of course Mae, W3CTJL/4, had a big hand in running up our
count this wfntcr How about you fellows 1 hear on the nets wilding
tn yourrtuorts,A radiogram will do finer Traffic: iMar.j W3CUL/4
3975» W3VR/4 653, WA4SCK 430, WB4AIW 371, W4FLC 319,
W4ILE 257, WB4HKP 244, 8R1Y/W4 144. WB4HJW141, W4DVO
126, W4SOR 110.W4KRC 103, W4EHW88, WA4NBT83, W4TRS
76, WB4IHJ 63, K4UAX 6l, W8BZY/4 60, WA411ED59, WB4EPD
52, W4NGR 52, W4IA 50. WB4KDZ 48, W4SMK 48, W4YPX 44,
W40GX 42, K4SJH 42, WA4FJA 40, W4LEP :*7. K4CJ tt,
WB41LR U9 W4KCJ 33. K4CVO 31. WB40HD 25, W41YT 25.
WB4FJ-W 23, W4TJM 23, W4BNE 2(1. WB4HNL -Jo. W4IAD 20,
K4H5 19, WB4FJY IK, WB4JRV K4LPS 16, W4VPQ 16,
W4ZAK 15, V4LC 13,K4FBF 12, WA4EYU 11, WB4KPK 11.
W4GUI 10, K40ER 9, R4DVW W4BCZ 4, W4BKC 4, WA40H0
4, W4SCY 4, WA4EYY (Feb,! WSBZY/4 107, WB4FLW11.
UfcOKGIA - SCM, A.J, (iarrison, WTA4WQU - SBC: W4YDN.
KM: K.4BA1. PAMs: K4HQI, W4LRIL IV40QD reports that
WE4SUN waa a special events station licensed by the K£ for Mac, 7
in connection with the total solar eclipse visible in the Southeastern
United States.The station was operated by the (va. Southern
College Radio Club In cooperation with the Dept. of Physics at the
boUege. Over 400 contacts were made with amateurs in more than
40 countries The following Georgia amateurs participated In a
Actentiffc expedition m the total eclipse area by providing communi-
cations for a group of scientists before and during the eclipse:
W40VS, WB4DMO, WA4EQL, WB4GQX, WA4WVW, WB6UIC/4,
*4YDN, W4DSX, WH4FZT, WB4JIB, WR4JSK, WB4FNR,
WB4KUX, WB4KUN, WB4CHT, WB40KN, WB4DTY, K4SEP.
K41MK and WA4WQU. Atnuld Terry has iust reserved hn Novice
call, WN4PZY- K4P1K, WB4IXTV and WB4DMO are the proud
ivwnecs of new Advanced (lass licenses. WB4FTZ reports 6-meter
opening* the day following the eclipse, stations tn Ma., La. and N-C
were heard from State&boro. We welcome K7IHX/4 to St. Simons;
he1* operating 6 meter* flSN reports 62 «*saions, 56 difTervnt
<4sttons parficipatfng, (JNI 574, (JVC 1H5 for M^t Congrats to the
C olumbus gtuup for a real outstanding hamfest Mar, Traffic;
WA4RAV 140. W A 4 W 124, K4BAI WB6UTC/4 107,
WA4GXZ 85, W4PIM 77, WA4VWV 75, W4DDY 49, W4CZN 45,
WB4DMO 39, W4NSO 39. WB4HXE 71, W4YDN 17, WA4UQ012,
WB4KVE 9, W4AMB 6. W4FDN 4, WA4LL1 3, K4NM 2.
WEST INDIES - SMC, Jose Medina-Hernandez, UF400 -
KV4EY passed the Advanced Class exam and hat 75-80 meter
inverted "V" And 5-band antenna. KV4AB Is back at Radio Hfll
North. KJMCS/KP4AVB pamcd away recently. Radio Club de P.R
offered the funeral oration* KP4AQQ gave the farewell address at
National cemetery in the name of alt KP4& WB2LMY came from
New York for the funeral. KP4JM has a 295-ft, long wire and
inverted "V* tor KP4AM, KP4CQQ, KM AST and
WB41<m/*F4 participated In the 36th ARKL Pbone DX Compet-
ition. XP4D1A &ikl WB4FOT/KP4 participated on wt ilso, 6- and
?-meter Trntamontes, KMDffi, K3CAU, KP4DAL, KP4ZC and
&P4JM arc hopping around the island. KP422C and KP4DAL have
dew galaxy GT-65U. KP4QC and &P4RJM have KB signals with th
new Mf-220. KP4VA w!U soun reappear at the XI or P.R, at
fttayagucz. KP4AKB is QSY from l ort Mammoth to Vietnam. A
interested In DX. took up the DX Challenge Column ot KP4RK In
the P, R. Amateur &>ri*ty BuUrtm. P.O- Box 5505, College Station,
MayagueE, P.R. WHW. KP4PW Is net control ot the Army MARS
Net on 4001-3 kHz Mon, at 2330. KP4COB Unet control of Anoy
MARS on 6^97.5 kHz Sat. and Sun. at 1500, Traffic: KP4WT 179
Wt^TERN fXORlDA - Frank U, Butler* Jt^ W4RC11 -
SW1: W4JKR PAM; W4M0Q, RM: K4VFY, KM-RTTY: W4WEB.
Nets:
Xet Freq. Time Days Sess> (JM QTC
W PPM v » t ? M\ti Z Hy 31
OK N 3651 0000/0300Z Dy »>2 674 453
Pennrola: K4I.AN was appointed QRS and CK>; WA5CIT/4 wat
appointed DPS. WN4PMK and WN4PYO ate new Novices;
WB4DVM moved up to Advanced ('lass. The W4UC repeater now
has a aulid-state I.U generator and auto-patch, fort Walton: Nw
Playground ARC officers are WB4NHH, pres.; Wb4NJW, vice-pres
W41TXW, treas.; K4UBR, act. mgr. New hams include WN4PDM.
WB4PNI, WA4SWT aiid WB4DBD/4. W4BVE operated on I meter
from the hospital vihilrrecoveringtrom a went illness. Several
finer* arc going to 146.HK to get away from .94 QRM. KtfQPli/4 r
up a high score on cw in the Fla. CJSO Party; W4FDJ was also active.
The bM Club station at W4ZBB i* operational on and the
repeater channeL Pinaina City: PCARC has been reactivated, with
n e v offlceis WN4PIZ. KJHLli/4 utid WN4PNJ, WA4TMC w/u
awarded a pbqne at the Annual Bampcrt. K3ULUM Is an i m c t c r
tin. The Jyndall Club it setting up a ham station, separate troci the
MARS facility, Wewahltchka: WN4QBW just got his ticket Talla-
hassee: &.4GRD ami K.4VFY operated portable trom rare Ubcrty
County during the Fla. QSu Party. WB4LOQ passed the Advanced
Claa* exam and is studying for t x t t a . Traffic: cMarJ K4VFY/4 377,
KR1YJW4 144, W4WEB WB4DVM Ifi. W4HKH 10, W4FDJ %
WB4NHII4, IC6QPH/4 2, fFcW WB4DVM 29.

SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION
ARIZONA * SCM, Gary M. Hamman, W7CAI' - SH1* K7GPZ.
RM: K7NHL, PAM: W71TXZ. K7UGA presented K7CR0 the
Arizona VHP Amateur nf the ^ear Award. K7CRO received a
plaque and a 2-rocter tamcdver for hh umtributions In vhf
activities during 1969, tiasa Grande is where the Arizona ARC uf
Phoenix and the Okt Pueblo ARC of Tucson had a pot-tuck lunch
and then slugged It out in » mRtoLl game Apr. WA7HXJH and
WA7KUM, of Globe, officiated (he game and the final v o t e was 26
to 4 In favor of Phoenix, S.W. Division Director VfokW tpoLe at an
Arizona ARC meeting Apr. 2 to a group of 70. The U of A has a
nulio d u b wtth SE^lOl, SH-4ni and a three-element beam operating
under the cdU WA7IYG. OCflcert axe WB2BRD/WA7NXL, pres.;
WA7ICE, iw-preiw; Retty Compton, my.-trcai. Rcccnt license
upgrading are W7PKM tn Extra, WA7ETU11 and WA7MZJ to
Advanced and WA70BS to General. K7WUG ban new SP-tOl aiul
SB-220. Others with new SB-220* ate WA7MZI and \V7UXZ.
W7EBJ o^icmted maritime mobile aboard a sailboat off the west
coast of Mexico. W7CFJ. W7DI and VOW scorcd well in (he CW
DX Contest. K7RDT1 has now worked TOO countries on ssb, Clomtng
JCtMtta include Field Day i\uw 27-^R and the ft. TirtWU tfomfest
In flagstaff July 25-26. Deadline for NClf nomination* U June JO*
PSHR: K7NHL 48, W7CAb WA7R* H W7UXZ 23. Traffic:
KJNHL i W , K7UYW I UK. W7PC1 42, W7QUE 12, W7JMQ S i ,
W7CAF 2A, W7UXZ 16, WA7tt(JC 15, W7GEP 15, WA7JCK. 12,
K7NTC 12, K7ZMA 12, 1VA7NQA 10, fs'7RDM 10, W7DRR 9.
W7GFT 8V VT7DQS 5. W7LL0 WA7NRM 4,

LOS ANGELES - SCM. Harvey Hetland, WA&KZI - A*st SCM:

Phil tkHTtau W6DQX, StOC!: WAG<?ZY. The Monterey Park RC bad »
d u b meeting comprised ot u'fuaT demonstration* ol new amateur
equipments The So. Caht. Amateur Net has organized as a club with
KfiVKY, pres.; K(>YCM, i m - w e s . ; WA6AJT, secy.; WA6PVN.
tres*. The So. CaW. VH1« has darted a code class Wed. 7:30 P.M.,
Paramount City flail. W6()R{; p-ports that K6VXM, WA6ZIO,
WB6FXG, WB6WPQ and W6PC0 aic acth-e on 124U MHz uilnc
APX-6 gear. W6R) has a new HQ-215, and WAfiMCK gut a TR-1
WR6TJZ, WA6JRA and WB6fMV are active on 2-raclcr isb with
145J)2 MHa lecommendcd for monitonng Hith horizontal
polarization normally urcrf for «tb, WB6NST is hack un 6 meters
<md W6FOW is active apiin on 2 metrn. WB6THG udvisej that new
Marina RC officers are WA6YRY, pres.; WbKWO, vfce-pres.;
WB6WHT, «cy.4reaiL UBfafBI' working on a 2-mctcr mobile
Installation. WA6KZI has a new trMnnder up. I h e W6(N Sue.
acquired some RTTY gear for cd. I he So. Calif. VHF Club mxntiy
provided communications for the City of Carton Pande and (hose
helping out Included WA6JOk. WA6ZNP, WB6IMV, WB6FM<4
WtihMWT, WAfiDfiN, WA6CS0, WB6YVP, WA6ARC, WMCPD,
WBfaORA and WA6IQC.The lri-Onrnties Amateur Radio Assn. has
a Hanifetf-Picnic planned for In A*M. July 26 at Westmont Parkin
Pomona, Pomona area amateurs interested In RACES m y contact
VVAfrLZ regarding possible membership. Asst. Dlr JtfCJMV gave
tafkft to the Jet Propulsion Labi RC and the Downey RC un the
ARRL and how it functions. Net reports for Mar.:

MH3 Times QNI QTC At^r.

Serf .VAll toiiu KM, \yr 402 W6|.<*P
Nwrtce 7.1 tt 10:00 A.M. Ka 24
in addition to montltly reports from amatetirs in the sretmn, as
your SCM, I depend upon radio club bulletins to be informed on
what chibs are doing. The ARRL Directors also appreciate receiving
such bulletins because uf their information value. Does ynur club
provide its elected ARRL officials with cupic* a* part of the
communications link in the League's ictnirtiire* Why not do your
part to help your ARRL officials serve you better* Alt olubs sending
me their bulletins will receive our utriinn's bulletin in exchange as
do t h o * individual* whu provide jne with monthly reports. Traffic:
IBPL/PSHR): (Marj W6AM i/0. WBfifiHO 439. W6BHG 14/0,
WN6&JP 1/0. WA6BWX 1/0. WA6CBT n/14, K6CDW 99/22, K6CL
4/U, 2/0, KbEA 21/0, WAbhJB W6FD WTi. WA6MI

. . .., « «• i fk l > ••• •

13/3. W6WI' 10/31, WAGFOC W7GAQ V 1 0 , WB6CGL 5/5,
WA6GSV 0/1, W6JN 4/4, W6TNI1 354/0, V6KVC 10/10, WB6KGK
m i . WB6KXI (5/14, WA6KZI 2 0 % WAblSB Of 17, WAfcMCK
3/5, WbMLI< 4V3/5, W60C0 28/10, WBfrl'AV 2/0, WB6PKA 7/2.
W6QAE 136/43, WbRCV 0/6, W6TN 9/0, KfrVKY 0/J9, ^ Z T l
4/5. (Feb.) KhGIP 45/17, WBbGGL 4/5, UMPKA fr'H, WB6ZVC
117/51

ORANGE - SOU, i c n y (.. VerDuft, WA6RUF - Asst. SCM.

Kichard W. Wetbcck, K A f m SUC: W M U K . KM*: W 6 U 9 ,
W6B*JX, PAM: WB6KVM. The FuUerton ARC 1* tponsorivtc the
Young Amateur Radio club fYARCl for 11% yuunjtrr members.
Programs for YARC are being arranged by WMJTR, OV5 K6YNB
had another fine article on u Hl*h vs. l o w Antenna** on p, JO of
Mar, (J6T. ORS WBM YZ participated In a school protect of
bouncing ufcf signals off a comet with a 2Ulj-mw f*-u», dish* Some
to relay traffic, huh? KM W6BNX i* busy with phone patches
to C o * * Guard ships in AnJallca. OBS W6WRJ suggests we all
become familiar with the new standard action abbreviations on p.
H3 ot Mar QST,1 "Orange*" w t l n n is now abbreviated "OG. w BSLF
gav« 4 rcrent talk o» liaui iwtlo over KBCR-FM radio in San
Bernardino, The SCM and S I C attended the March meeting of the
Citrus Belt ARC. The "flam's Wide World" film was shown and SEC
WlSMttR presented WGZcJC with an A r t . EC appointment for
Barstow RACES/ARtiC Hill also received a gasoline {Generator
donation to the ARfcC through his letter to the "Trouble Shooter"
published in the Sent* Arm Register, New officers o< the Au tone tics
ARC arv WBhYUiT. pte*.: W6NI, vke*pre*u K6APY, treas.;
WA6GYS, secy. l~hc club continues to run phone patches to St'A;
fceb. total wa> 153 L A listing of all active clubs within the section «
milahle from the SiCM, J will soon publish an occasional section
bulletin to all appointees and clubs within the section. Articles from
the field a n urged. My address appears on p. b ot each QST. Public
Service Honor Roll: WfiBNX WA6ROF W M H T 14 (Feb).
Support your local club and section A R K And NTS nets. Traffic:
WftlCP 279, WA6RUF 1 i 7 , W6BNX 96, WA6FOQ »2, WWRJ 15,
WBfiTYZ 16, K60T n , WB6ZFT K6GG5 4, W6BUK 3.

SAN DIEGO - SCM, Richard K Letter, WAbCOE - Most of

the JvD* amateurs have been Kitting (Dear ready for Field Day.
WblNt fAttt* SCMI and \ Y L represented this section at the Fresno
Convention. The Cnnvair ARC dgain helped with the
Boncgo Dunebuggy Races on meters. El Cgjon ARC planned a
pre-Field Day tryout in May. SO DX Club held its May meeting at
the home of KhZMfc. W6VFV was clected chairman for 1970 over
the S.D. Radio ttamriL SOCARS has a new editor for its monthly
paper in W6SKH. S.D. Chapter or CXTVA gets toother on JMti at
1900 each Wad. evening. Section Newx: KGAI passed away in Apr.
W6JUT helped W6OU0 ral^ that 5()0-lb. sky needle tower with
new tn-bander on top, WA6tiLS is erectii^ ius 7]-ft, tower for vhf
work. Ul 11 AREC member* who ordered generators have them
going now. WA6JOG reports that ATV U now going strong here in
5,1). and to L.A. with pictures. Ni«c to have V 6 D t Y &nd X.YL In
S.U. section. Roy w & t & M of the Orange section. W7CRV/6, active
im mobile, b now back in Waihington State, WH4UNB renewed
his OBS appointment. During these luntmer months why not report
your ktatfon activities to your 5CM7 If yon ar« vacationing, he
vdiefnl. We want you hack - to join the ARLC, ul course. Have a
nice vimmer! TntYic: K6BP1 3749. WftttJT h^li, W6VNO 547,
W6I RH 422, WbBGF ?47, OHAV 234, W6YKF 38, W61N1 b>
WA6COE 5, WAt* XM 4. K6KDE h WN6TVE 1.

SANTA BARBARA - SCM, Cecil P. tiinwn. WA60KN - KM?

W6UJ. VAAMCG iK the newlynappointed W 1 For the San Luis
Obispo area. WN*£WM has moved Into ait apartment and is oft the
sir until he can girt m antenna up, WAAWWC 1 M his massive
antenna up and i* now working on a linear to add to Us ncarly-oll
Heathkit station. KbCH fe now handling KN6 traffkr for the Oxnard
a w , WA6DLI Is putting up a new ddt* loop beam for 10 meters.
WAfclJZ is pres. of the VenttiTa County \HC which inevts the 2nd.
t'Ti, uf each month at the Oxnard ('nmrnunity Center, f^or
additional jnfonnatian call 443-3443. The l"hounnd Oaks ARC
meets the 1st bri. of each month at the Kccveatton Center and for
further mfbmutioii call tavern rWN6PFY) ut 4^5-0145. kt>GV, uur
S f V for the Santa ftarfaara wction, has tnorcd to Northern
California and the postlon of SEC' ix now open. II' you are
Interested in emergency work, please contact the SCM at the addms
shown oil pug? o. 1'Ttftftc: WAoDtfl 144.

IYKST GULF DIVISION

NORTHERN TEXAS - SC'M, U 7 .. Harrison, W5LK - Asst
SCM: Frank Sewell, \VS1ZV. WA5PPF waa appointed OO. Karl
Rrowmtein Is the new skipper of DARC. Your S(!M needs assistants
 In nx v VHF, UHF, Cfcntetf* and other departments. WA5PXQ is the received WAC award with 50-Mllz endorsement Wefl. here it is
Astinzton ARC pre* Sony I was unable to attend the Midland Field Day time again and I am w e your emergency generator and
Hamfesst WA5WSC, Denton County ARC. advises it is a good idea equipment is up in good shape. We should keep our emergency
to install heaters ta transact mobile units so they will start on cold generators in top-notch condition here in "tornado alley t " but let's
mornings. ETTN membership now is 112 in 48 dtics; 11 La^ 5 hope our greatest need for them is for Field Day operation*
Okbu 3 Ark., remainder Texas. KC Club Ft, Worth has a new pres. Congratulations to the Duncan club on the now call. WB5BEW, and
1VA5VS5 KC secy, issued annual questiomuite to membership to it* real nice station setup io the Stevens Cjtmty £OC with a big fcfcfa
update records, including officers, class license, etc. Dallas QCWA antenna (about 150 feet up). The Duncan Club is bedding Novice
Chapter Dinner attendance was 50, Speaker was Hal Sears, Houston, classes, too, along idth Kingston and Lawton. Congratulations to
Your SOU tvas invited to attend the Garland and Irvbig ARC graduates WN5AZS and WN5BCH. Net repofts.
meeting showing the ARRL film. Attendance totaled 70.
ETesENKT, KSQKM net control, reports 5 sessions in Mar. with 63 Net HHt TtmefZlDay Seat aw QVC
uheck-in* and 4 Bulletins read. PAM WJBOO says the Waco Radio OPEN 3V15 1400 Su 5 242 5
Club is moving to new quarters and the League film was shown on OPUN 3913 2300 M-K 2? 393 72
Channel 10, thanks to W5DZ, All Northern Texas members are STN 1 3*50 2330 M-S 26 363 31
STN 2 3913 1330 M-S 26 353 37
reminded of the importance of returning the poll jdieet included in
OWXN 3923 0001 TSu 26 340 WX
Jan. 70 CD bulletin. Net certificates were Issued to CenTexEnigcy OLZ 3682,5 0100 T~So 17 SI 68
Net members. All net mgr& please report the net name, frequencies, 88Z 3682*5 034$ T-Su 13 41 30
etc.; duect to ARRL, Communications Dept., 225 Main St, Traffic: K5TEY 468. WA5YRO 131, W5QMJ 76, W5FKL 46,
Newlngton, Conn,, fix appcarance in the 1970 Net Directory. W2FIR/5 35, W5FML 35, WA51MO 29, W5MFX 28. WA5ZOO 18,
Lubbock ARC meets 1st and 3rd Thurx,, Red Cross Bldg. Broadway WA5FSN 8, K5WPP 7, K50CX 5, WA5NZM 4,
& Ave. & WA5QOI, F t Worth KC Club, reports progress contacting
the proper people on WBAP, Channel 5, for showing the ham film.
SOUTHERN TEXAS - SCM, GD, Jerry Sears, W5A1R - SBC:
W5 kUC says hello. 0 0 W6QPX lost his beam in an ice storm. FSHR
K50QG. PAM: W5KLV. RM: W5EZY. New appointments:
includes K5BDC, WASPPF, W5JSM and W5QGZ, K5ABV is
WA5TPY as EC Nueces County-Corpus Christi; WA5MKV as EC
interested in OO awlt. He, e*-WA6CLR, W5IZU tad WSCNO of,
Brazos County-Bryan; K5FJZ as OO, K5R0Z again made PSHR
Tyler, attended the Houston ARC "Old Timers'' Night K51LL is
with 43 points, Ccmgraulations, and the rest of you guys get your
joining Navy MARS. Frank also states the following Tyler hams are
points in, A visitor to the Houston area for most of Apt was
active: WA5RNF and WA5RWF on RTTY. W5CJX fc awaiting a K7
SP9VO, on business but meeting all the DXen he could God. RM
QSL card. The 2-meter repeater group is active and can work, the
W5JJZY rccdved his Extra in Mar, WA5UHG and 10 Novices have
Athene Tex. I.W5QWB) group. Others on the air are W5AFY,
formed Explorer Post 850 Amateur Radio Net with meetings at
W5QMK, WA5KNN and W5CIX. DARC program director lohn
O300/ on 21,175 kc* Give them a call if you hear them on. New
Oliver has prepared the next twelve programs. Traffic: WASPPF
officers of the Houston ARC: K5HXR,pres.;WA5FJM, vic^pres.;1
5484, W5QCZ 115, W5IIVF 59, W5JSM 42, WA5VJW 31,WA5SM1
W5NC, tveas^ WA5BTO, secy.; WA5SFX, program and WA5SEW,
20, K5BDC 18', W5tR 16, W5PBN W5NFO 10, WA5EVS 6,
membership. K.1PKO/5 es bade on the air after two weeks off, now
W5MSO 2, WA5QWA I.
with a new Drake line. W5KLV has new Heath gear ready to install
in permanent location, W5Q0 has been experimenting with
OKLAHOMA - SCM, CecECCash, W5PML - Asst. SCM: W.L. 20-meter antennas. K5SUY, of Beaumont reports the Beaumont
"Smoky* Stover, KSOOV. SEC: WA5FSN. KM and QSL Bureau: ARC RTTY VHF Net meets at 2100 CST on 50,178 MHz. First
W5QMJ. PAM 75: WJMFX, W5HXL a the pnwud owner of a new stations In Nov. '69 were WA5NXP, K5SUY and WA5VDM and
Ron 60-ft tilt-over town. W50ZE has a new TR-4* K5KZV has a there are new eight stations participating with possibly three more
new TR-6. K50CX is awaiting deUvcry of a new SB-10L WSVCi to be added. Traffic: WA5MXY 212, K5HZR 123, K5ROZ 102,
W5RZY 88, W5ABQ W5UU 42, W5BH0 24, W5TFW 22.
K5SUY WWYN WSKLV 4* K1PKQ/5 2.
C/4/ViUDMN UViSION
ALBERTA-SCM Don Sutherland, V W K -SEC- VF6XC. PAMs:
VE6ADS, VF6DO. RK: VE6TY. EC* VLbAI<Q, V W W , VF6AFR-
OOs: VE6HM, VEtiMJ. VE6TY. OBS: VEfcSft. OPS* VK6AFQ.
VE6S5, VE6ATH. VE6HN, ORSs: VEhATH, VEfiATG. OVSs:
VF6MX, VE6AHK. Congratulations to VK6XC and VFGTY on their
appointment as SEC and FM, respectively, Vt6MX reports several
*>ntacta of 60 miles on 2-meter fra. The NARC1 recently supplied
viiT communications for ice chuck wagon r u s t and for xnnwshoe
races. The ATN meets at 0330 Wed*, Fri. and Moo. GMT (days
advanced one for GMT) with VE61Y a* mgr. and VE6AWI ** NCS.
The net is of the slow-speed variety to help amateurs improve their
eode speed and <?pmiing ability fov their Advanced Class amateur
exam. Look few the ATN on 3*90 kH*. The APSN on 3770 kH? w
virU attended. The average QNI per session ia 5CL Many at' iu are
aheady thinking of FD. Get your d u b out or organize your own FD
group and join in the- fun. This contest is a great teat nf ym»r
eflftertpnry preparedness. Murphy never attacks and any old FD
hand will assure you that the wx is always ideal. Traffic? VE6TY 43,
VE6FK 23, VE6XC 28, VKbHD 11, Vfc&hV VF6YW5, VE6AER
3. VE6SS X VK6M 2, VKfrTS 2.
BRITISH COLUMBIA - SCM, H.E, Swage, VK7FB - March
came in and out like a Iamb, No news, but traffic did increase by
reports. East Kootenay ARC officers are VE7AD1. pres.; VL7AIT,
vtoe-pres.; VK7BKW, secy. We also are looking forward to a new K 1
from there* VE7AEB. VE7BRZ got married In May. VK7FR and
VE7SH mited VE7BGV/W7 In Knappa, Ore,, for four dayiand Had
a ball. British Columbia Emergency Net, 3ftf n kite, is holding its
slow speed net, Tue., Thurs. and Sat, at 0400 GMT. Here is the
opening for yottr start in cw traffic. Vancouver Island Annual Picnic
vriU be held Sun., June 14, at Shawrrigan Lake. For information
contact any Vancouver Island amateur, or Victoria Short Wave
Club, Box 134, Victoria, B.C. VK7BJT has left Comox AFB and will
be signing VK6 from Edmonton. Have you received B.C. fm.
bulletins? Contact ItarrcJ Wicks, WA6MAY/VE7,306 - 2050 West 1st
Ave„ Vancouver 9 B.C Traffic: V E 7 K Z V F 7 Q 0 1 5 , VU7LL14,
VE7BNK TOGO 4 t VE7BZA 3-
MANITOBA - SCM, Keith Witney, VMM - Centennial A wan
rfatunu for July are VE4SE and VE4JJ. VE4GI was at the scxmci
Vah -with a 2-meter Tig hooked u p to ft tetoa ttri&imt did manage U
make a few contacts. March was the month for an Invasion oJ
Brandon mobiles in Winnipeg; We hope that VE4POgcts back £ron
Athens OK. We understand they have a law against sideburns. Thu
WARC buys and ladies were privileged to w e the ARRL film
VF4VA ha* his keyer working and now can excuse his ew. VH4XJ ii
taking a course; perhaps to belp with the repeater maintenance* Ii
«em* a* if 2-meter R1TY might be getting up enough steam to last
through the vuomer with the addition ol VF4KF. Thr new phone
net check-in seems to be working fine so far. h'njoy your hottdavi
and remember the hamfests. Tragic: VF4FCJ 44, VK4R0 2 1
VF4KE 17. VE4NE 9, VE4QJ 9 t VF4FF 7, VE4RL 5. VE4IW 4.
VK4JA 2, VE4RW 2, VE4JQ 1, VE4RB 1, VE4XQ I -
MARITIME - SCM, William J.GUta, VK1NR - - S E C : VEIEU,
It la with deep regret that we note the Hidden passing of VElilD.
VP1AQT is now VE1EZ, VEIAGH b pursuing his hobby with
horning pigeons. Is the QRM that bad? A number nf rjubs at
actively preparing for Held Day. VK1AOH reports complaints from
XY1> re power bill TVl and Ids preoccupation vrtth Z-meter work
has held up construction of new linear amplifier, VOIAW has been
appointed Asst SCM for Newfoundland Labrador and VOIHI bjs
hem appointed AREC. WUh these appointments it is hoped that
mote reports will be available from Newfoundland and Labrador. By
nra» yon will have received the Maritime Section Newsletter, vrtricb
was sent to all clubi and ARRL members. If your name was not on
the mailing list, please advise, VF1RO is now on phone. APN
reports QNl 257, QIC 76, xevrions 62. Tiafflc: VE1AMR 114v
VHIRO S3.
SASKATCHEWAN - SCM. Gordon C. Pcarce. VE5HP -
Manifest in Saskatchewan will be held July J, 4 and 6,1*70, Place:
Luther College, Orwdney Avenue and Royal Street. Kegina.
.Accommodations available at Lather College - $2J0O per person per
night, $4,00 per family per night Including any children you can
Hivommodate In the. room with your own sleeping bags. Breakfast -
$1,00, Lunch - W.25, Banquet - included In registration fee (to be
announced later). Unlimited space for campers. 50 cents per night
on the college grounds. See you at the flamfeat Jtatfk: VE5GL
115, VE5SO 2ft, VE5DN 26. VE5XL 4, VES0J X
July 1970
75 Cents
 STAFF
JD1Y 1970
JOHN HUNTOON, WILVQ
Editor VOLUME UV NUMBER 7
E. LAIHD CAMPBELL, WiCUT
Managing Editor , AS ITS OFFICIAL JOURNAL, BY THE
Doaa de maw, wicra LEAGUE INC., NEV7INOTON. CONN., U. 8. A.
Technical Editor ENTEHNATXONAI. AMATEUR R*DXO UNION
GERALD L. HALL K1PLP
DOUGLAS A, Bjurat
IJU W1KLK
ROBXBT U. imn& W17BT
-CONTENTS-
ROBEBI E» ANDIHSON, K1TVF*
Aiils&ni Technical Editor*
EDWARD p. TZLTON, W1HDQ
V.H.F* Editor TECHNICAL —
LEWIS G. MoCOY, W1JGP
BtfffQner and JvorJc* W8JK 5-Band Rotary Beam Antenna
ROD KEWURg, WftBRP John Krans, W8JK 11
WILLIAM SMITH, JClCXH
LOUISE MOKEAU, WB68BO "The '70 Communicator"
JOHN 1BOSTXH, W6ESQ
Contributing ra/forr Douglas A. Blakeslee, W1KLK IS

MASK W. DANE, W1FXJ Gimmicks and Gadgets:

Advertising Manager Silicon Diode PIV Checker
EDGAB D. COLLINS Wilson Doty, WA4DID 20
Advertising AeeiMtant
Power-Line Interference
I. AP MOSKET, WUMT Robert G. Hollow ay. W4USQ 22
Circulation Manager
CAKL £ SMZTBC, W1ETU Let's Talk Transistors, Part IX . . . Robert E. S toffels 28
Aiiiitant Circulation Manager

* On ntlUary laavt ol afamoa Eclipse Experiment—1970

OFFICES R. R. Scbellenbach, W1JF 32

Canmotioot 06111 The Solid-State Receiver . . , . William S*bin, W0IYH 35

SL:
HubaariptloD rate 17.50 per year post- Some Basics on Solid-State Design
Doug DeMaw, W1CER 44
paid, U.fl. lunda, la Canada and (J.0.;
18 eUewhere. A.&BL Membership,
ilining (^f, available only to
indtvUtnaEe with. a Dona tide Interest Recent Equipment:
Id amateur radJe: *&60 per year, The Drake TR-6 50-MHz Transceiver 54
(M rnnde, In Canada aod Ujk; S7
elsewhere.fctin0eooplee, 76 eenta.
ForeAfn remlbtuees should be by
International postal or exproM money
order or bank draft negotiable in the
VJL and Cor an equivalent amount
la VA fond*
gecoitcM*a» poafeue paid at iiartford. BEGINNER AND NOVICE—
Ooiixl and at additional mailing offlcee.
Copyright 1070 by the American Ra- The Ultimate Transmatch >. Lewis G. McCoy, W1ICP 24
dio Relay League* ine. Tltfereglatered
at UA latent omee» international
cqpyrlgnt eewed. Ail right* reserved.
Qu&ax tmtowos toda*toderecftofc
Printed In U-fiLA.
OPERATING—
INDEXED BY Applted Science and
Technology Indies Llbraxy o| Con- 1970 ARRL International DX Competition-
gxew Catalog Card No.: 2L0421 51
High Claimed Scores
- - ARRL and MARS 59

ffinilftiflT? OVR COVER

j li'.l • • . She'- up and AHBL QSL Bateau S3 "It Scent to U« . . 9
'1 adjusted. New, ARPS 59 Leagne Lines 10
into the duck Conine Conventioni S3 New Bodki 14
and try the
new "8TK" S- Correspondence Fiwn Mtnbcn 64 Operating Newt 91
hand roteiy Feedback 51, 83 Silent Keyi 80
beam! Harafett Calendar 58 Station Activities 96
Happenings of the Month . . . . 68 World Above 50 Mc. 86
Hints & Klnkf SO W1AW Schedule . 95
How*! DXP 79 YL Newt & Views 83
IndextoAdverUier* 142 25 and 80 Yean Ago in QST .. 89
rH£AMERICAN NOKL a JtfATON*
Canada
VB8GJ

RADIO RELAY
Box 6A0, Wafrrdnwn, Ontario
Vie*-Otrtctar: A^Ocorffe Rpewer, YJBMtf
171 KJpUnji Ave., BeaconsfleLd, Qucbco
Atlantic ZHwimian

LEAGUE. INC.,
J1ARRY A. McCONACniY W&EPO
870S Fenway Ur„ potemae BeUeada, Aid. 20QQK
Vic*-lHr0ctor:JeBB* Bleberman , WfcKT
RD Volley Hill Rd., Malvern, Va. 10899

Is o noncommordal association of radto amateurs, bonded for Centra/ Dfrisdon

PHILIP EL UAIiLER WOUMt
the promotion of Interest fn amateur radio communication and flow H, Tripp Ave:, Chicago, 10. OOfltt
experimentation, for the relaying of messages by radio, for th« Vic+fttrector:fthnirocfA. Metm-. WPPRN
16U0 8outb KotxtUi sprinicSeCd, Illinois 62703
advancement of the radio art and of Hie public welfare, for the
representation of the radio amateur in legislative matters, and for DaJkote I H f f i l o i i
M K t t Y J. AH EMA .WflPAN
Hie maintenance of fraternalism and a high standard of conduct. 11417 Goodrich 1UL 8., Blooming too, Minn. AMJf
It is an incorporated association without capital stack, chartered Vrt* fffrnw:
under Hie lows of Connecticut. Its affairs are governed by a Board Paifa BMcfoxi
of Directors, elected every two years by Hie general membership. MAX ARNOLD .U4WHN
flis Hasan Rd., Nashville, Ttjon. 37320
The officers are elected or appointed by the DIrecton.Tho League Vice Mwtar- Franklin Caem W4WBK
b noncommercial and no one commercially engaged In the manu- ttffi N- Treaevant HL» Aiemphls, Tens. salute
facture, sale or rental of radio apparatus Is eligible to membership GFrcaf IflJbsc itfprfafoji
on its board, AIBAN A, MTCHE1/ W«WO
3W Bonbaia Ktf., Clnrlnnatl, Ohio 46216
"Of* by and for the amateur/' it numberi wtthln Its ranks practi- I'to /Xraur; r.mrtin U kUMtt.... W8F8Z/it*EPT
cally every worth-whila amateur In the nation end has a history of 11V N. Farter Bt,, LamSig, Mich, 4WI13
glorious achievement at the standard-bearer in amateur affairs. Hud won Division
Inquiries regarding membership are solicited. A bona fide HARRY J, lMNNATJ*.. , . , WJTUB
IB Arbor l i n e , Dlx Hills, N.V, 11745
interest in amateur radio h the only essential quafiflcatlon; owner- Vfce btncior: titao S&ak K.28JO
ship of a transmitting station and knowledge of the code are not 15 Jenoirer Ijoe, I-ort rhfitcr. New Votk 10873
prerequisite, although full voting membership is granted only to Midwmmt JJMMian
licensed amateurs. STTMNFR H. KOBTER WtfGQ
3110 Uoblln's ciully S.B., Ctdar Aaplda, I o n
All general correspondence should be addressed to the admlnls* 0K4U3
trotfve headquarters at New(ngton» Connecticut 06111. VIc+MTirror? Ralph V. \cul«rMm / KflNT
r>2N Montnim Av&» Halted Kauima CKMOT
JITtv iX£v£afon
ROBERT YORK OTTAPM AN 'W1QV
Boatb Koad, Oratan, Conn. U0340
HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, WTAW, 1914-1936 I'W Dtr&tvr:
EUGENE G. WOODRUFF, WftCMF, 1936-1940
GEORGE W, BAILEY, V/2KH, 1940-1952 North wmatmrn D/vidon
GOODWIN L DOStAND, WtiTSN, 1952-196? ROBERT R, TTTtJRSTfW* W7POY
HERBERT HOOVER, JIL W6ZH, 19*3-196* 7700 ttlst Ave.4, N.Em Seattle. Wash. ftttllB
VtetbLHiKtar: IHvUl <X B r o i f t t , . ; W7Q1^E
Bm 465, tit. Helens, Ore. wdsi
A i d / i e iMvifion
J, A, n o r OMEUN WHZRJ
freskfent ROBERT W . DENNI5T0N,* W0DX 1(IK3A WUVowbrook Way, Cupertino. Caltr. 9A)I4
i'tot-tofrtctar: Hugh Canddy • WAAAD
first Wce-Prestfeirf . . . . CHARLES G. CDMPTON,* W0BUO 77 Coletnaa Tir., Han Rafad, Calif. V40U1
Wce-ftesMeirfs • . .ROEMER O. BEST, W5QKF Boanokm Z)/f£don
VICTOR ra^mr* W"4kpc
CARL L„ SMITH, W0BWJ 13927 Popes Head Road, ClUtoft, Vo. >9034
VM»JJvnwtar.* 1* Hhll Wicker W4ACY
Sec/etajy JOHN HUNTOOH, W1LVQ HU1 Top Road, Greetubora. N. c. 27407
Traosur«r . DAVID H. HOUGHTON Rocky Mountain UtMaJod
• • • • • CARLL.BMITH W0BW7
ID7II Locust St, DcUTfT, <»l0u 80230
Honorary Vice*PresMenfc, . , WAYLAND M. GROVES, W 5 K W 1-^-Oirirrtw' Thomaa c^ Banks W6HJ
iteuu Momnian, Alhvauerane, N, M. K71in
FRANCIS £ HANDY, W18DI
Southeastern DMiion
GILBERT L CROSSLEY, W3YA
H. 1>ALK STRTKTER 4DQ3
• • • e • MS Trinidad, Cocoa Bearb, Fla, 32931
Yic*-i>irfrftrr Char lea J. Rolvln. K4K
Genera/ Manager JOHN HUNTOON,* W1LVQ fltin ri.W. m l*ane. Miami, Mm 33133
CommunfeatfojM Manager GEORGE HART, W1NJM £ToBf&ire*fera DJwimiaii
JOHN R. Oftiaas
fechnfcal Coiuuffarvf GEORGE GRAMMER, W1DF 81V3-B Opal Circle. HaDtlnjtoo Benrli,
lteliromiaU2047
Atsltfant Genera/ Manager . RICHARD L BALDWIN, W1UCE Arnold liatilmati VV6U£I
I4V4» HarUand Bt., VxD Nuys, t^nllL 91406
Assistant Sacretarm PERRY F. WILLIAMS, W1UED ITeef Gn// Division
WM, E. DUNKERLEY, JR, WA2INB ROY Ih ATjBRTGHT -. - LiWJ
NI7 Rosrmair, Ban Antonio* T e n i
225 Main St* New1ngtonr Connecticut 06111 Vie+tXmtor-' T-e«ter HwMn .,VV£BNO
• • • e • 461A Caltnont, t on Worth. T e w 74107
• Member Executive csommlttai
General Cowuef ROBERT M. BOOTH, JR., W3PS
1150 Connecticut Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. G 20036
AisocMe Counsel ARTHUR K. MEEN, Q.G. VE3RX
Ciliu M I O i A r u n C» SMm*4 1 fW^rU
"It Seems to Us..."
NSIN
N THE early part of May some political
I decisions at the national level erupted
into protest, largely at colleges and univer-
sities. A group of amateur stations calling
itself the "National Student Information
Network" commenced operations on several
voice bands. One aim was to exchange
information between campuses as to what
was going on. They took pride in achieving
faster reporting than the newsservices, and
indeed began to feed news to the wire
services. Up to this point, everything was
fine.
Then, various individuals in the net began
to invite dialog with other amateurs on the
goals of the students. Others participated in
a sort of broadcast operation, in which they
road news bulletins " t o each other" (but
obviously aware they had by now acquired
quite an audience of listeners). Finally, some
began to solicit funds for continuation of
the student strike activities; some passed
traffic urging students to send their draft
cards to Washington for a massive bonfire.
There were additional activities, but the ones
just mentioned set the tone for a reaction
from other members of the amateur frater-
nity. The student net suddenly ran into all
sorts of interference — deliberate and mall-
cious. An unhealthy situation had devel-
oped.
The use of the amateur bands for heated
political discussion or action (and let there
be no mistake - this was political action!
has long been a self-imposed taboo in ama-
teur radio, at least by most of us. Recent
events have not changed the value of this
principle one iota. A few young activists
among us, banging the drum for complete
freedom of speech, have labeled our view
reactionary, out-of-touch with reality. We
disagree, and suggest that more accurately it
is these idealists who are the ones out of
touch with reality, perhaps being too young
to have learned that Utopia and practicality
are not always compatible.
We occupy some choice segments of
spectrum, an international resource that is in
short supply. Although we earn the privilege
<it\ not a right) to occupy those bands
because of the worthwhile contributions
hams have made and are making, it is of
course true that we enjoy the opportunity to
use the ba rids for many more personal
pleasures. One is casual conversation
\
. . , ragchewing . . » discussions about al-
most every subject under the sun.
But, because everything we do or say is
exposed to the whole world, amateur and
non-amateur alike, we are obliged to use a
bit of discretion in what we say. Most
countries of the world believe that the U.S.
(plus Canada and a few others) has given
amateurs too much freedom, even in allow-
ing the basic public services we perform. It is
technically a violation for a mobile amateur
in some European countries, for example, to
transmit an emergency message for help if he
comes across a serious road accidcnt! It is
not at the moment a question of whether
these philosophies are right or wrong; the
fact is they exist. And every one of these
countries has one vote at radio conferences.
One of these conferences, where our satellite
privileges will be under scrutiny, is only
eleven months away.
So if you want to argue the war in
southeast Asia, or advocate massive resis-
tance to the draft, or speak for a new and
permissive morality, that is your privilege.
But please — not on the amateur hand*.
You have the right to speak freely, hut
do you have the right to jeopardize the
existence of the entire fraternity? l>o you
have the right to engage in such conversa-
tions that parents of youngsters forbid them
to listen on the amateur bands? Do you have
the right to put the use of amateur radio in
such a light that support for amateur fre-
quency bands might be in danger at a future
conference?
NO VfdtLANTES WANTED
NiSIN had its shortcomings, and probably
strayed through grey areas into actual illegal-
ity at times. But there is no question at all
that the deliberate QRM (cat-calls, swishing
of carriers, cries of " p i n k o " and worse!
caused to the network by sonic amateurs
who did not agree with its aims is complete-
ly illegal, certainty cowardly, and pet haps
even more destructive of the image of
amateur radio. A friendly word of advice
would have been one thing; most of what we
heard was pure malice.
"Frontier justice," vigilantes, "Joe Mc-
Oarthyism" have even less place than politics
in amateur iadio. No matter what the
provocation, no amateur has the right to
produce malicious interference to the trans-
missions of another -- ever, (qg^q
Eeague Lines

Field Day fever is everywhere! Down at McMurdo sound In the Antarctic, the
fellows at KC4AAE are operating completely portable nin the field" (that Is, on Rosa
Glacier!), in the one-transmitter group* QSL via the Office of Antarctic Programs,
National Science Foundation, Washington, DC 20550.

Phone patches are third-*party traffic, and on the International level are strictly pro-
hibited unless a special agreement exists between the countries concerned (See
page 73, May, for the latest list.) A W6 recently hooked up a phone patch as a
"surprise11 for a VK6, and nearly lost the Aussie his license I (Needless to say, If
the FCC happened to be listening, the W6 would have been in the soup, too.)

As a group, we behaved 16% better in 1969 than in 1968, according to FCC's 1969
annual report. The number of official violation notices was down to 2464, as com-
pared with 2933 the year previous. On the other hand, the Citizens Band service
performed nearly 40% better in 1969, and only 2400 official notices of violation
were Issued.

The morning qualifying runs from W1AW have proved so popular that we have sched-
uled more of the same for the balance of this year — September 18 and December 17.

AT&T's filing with FCC in protest of proposed higher fees suggested, among other
things, a fee schedule based on bandwidth occupied. Sounds like a phone company
in favor of c . w . !

Who says there's nothing new in amateur radio? Amsat has announced plans for
Oscar 6 with launch possibly mid- to late-1971. It is to be a long-lived solar-
powered communications satellite useful to large numbers of amateurs. And, to in-
crease interest, a complete program of operating activities is being formulated to
take place during the satellite's active lifetime. We'll have details as soon as
available.

Tourneying to Europe later this year? The annual Exhibition of the Radio Society of
Great Britain will be held in London during August 19-22, at New Horticultural Hall,
SW1. There will be a reception for overseas visitors on the Friday night, August 21
- . . In Geneva, the annual convention of the International Amateur Radio Club will
be held at the headquarters of the International Telecon«aunicatioa Union during Oc-
tober.

As part of its continuing program to solicit more members for the League, the Hq.
mails an invitation to names we obtain from the Call Book. Although we check
against our membership list, we sometimes mall an invitation to membership to some-
one who is already a member. If this happens to you, and you're already a member
and receiving QBT regularly, don't panic. If you'd like to lend a hand, hand the
invitation to some acquaintance who is not yet a member.

If you're a National Convention aficionado, better plan on attending the one in

Boston during September. There's none scheduled for 1971, so Boston is your last
chance for a national until September, 1972, when Long Beach and the "Queen Mary11
take over.

Quote-of-the-Month, from "Saturday Review" via K2SJN: "The reason the post office
workers went on strike was that if they had just staged a slow-down, nobody at all
would have noticed it.11
 W8JK 5-Band Rotary Beam Antenna
BY JOHN KRAUS, PIIJ>* W8JK

LDT1MERS will remember the W8JK antenna

0 which made its debut over 30 years ago.1 This
antenna, in its simplest form, consists of two
Vertical
: •elements *

parallel half~wave elements driven in phase opposi-

tion. The pattern is bidirectional with 3 to 4 dB
gain, depending un the spacing between elements.
A twin W8JK antenna is here described which
works as a 5-band rotary beam antenna on 40, 20,
15, 10 and 6 meters. Actually, the antenna can be
operated as a rotary beam type at any wavelength
between 6 and 40 meters. The gain over a
half-wave dipole ranges from 3.4 dB on 40 meters
to 8.4 dB un 6 meters. No traps or loading coils are
used. Element lengths and spacing* are entirely
non-critical. As added options the antenna may be
operated as a rotary dipole on 40 and 80 meters, or
the antenna plus feed lines as a top-loaded vertical
on 80 and 160 meters.
Theory of Operation
The antenna, ax shown in Fig. I, is basically a
b r o a d s i d e a r r a y c o n six ting of two
vertically-polarized center-fed W8JK units. The
two units arc mounted at the ends of a 32-foot
boom. ITie vertical elements of each unit have a
length, Uof 24 feet.
The antenna can be operated in 4 modes. The
current directions for these 4 modes arc shown in
Fig. 1. Mode I is the basic arrangement and m this
mode the antenna is bidirectional, with maximum
signal directions perpendicular to the 32-foot
boom, an suggested in Fig. 2A. Mode I is used on 6,
10, 15, and 20 meters.
In mode It the elements of the left unit are
driven in phase opposition to the elements uf the
right unit, as suggested in Fig. 2B. In this mode the
antenna is bidirectional with maximum signal
* Director, The Ohio State University Radio
Observatory, LH54 Home Road, Delaware* Ohio
4301ft.
1
J. Kraus, "Directional Antenna** with closely-
spaced elements," QST, Jan. 1938, pp. 21-23.
1*24'
Fig. 1 - Basic arrangement of the antenna.
directions parallel to the 32-foot boom. Mode II is
used on 40 meters.
In inode III the left and right units are
connected as end loading for the horizontal trans-
mission lines, as suggested in Fig. 20. The length
from the tip of a left element to the tip of a right
element is about one-half wavelength at 40 meters.
The antenna now behaves a* a horizontal end-
loaded rotary dipole for operation on 40 and 80
meters.
in mode IV all elements are connected together
to act as top loading for the vertical transmission
line as in Fig. 4D. Under these conditions the
antenna may be operated as a top-loaded vertical
radiator on 80 and 160 meters. In Figs. 2C and 2D
the elements are shown connected in mode I, but
when operating in modes III and IV it is immaterial
whether the dements are connected for modes 1 or
II.
Gains and beamwidths for the antenna are given
in Table I. The gains are with respect to a half-wave
dipoic, both antenna and dipole in free space. For
the gain over an isotropic antenna 2.15 dB should
he added to the values in Table I. The beamwidths
are given in both the vertical and horizontal planes
and arc between the half-power points of the main
lobes. Minor lobes are not significant except on 6
and 10 meters. The gains and beamwidths are

Just "W8JK" in the by-line of an antenna article will assure its close scrutiny
by veteran observers of the directive antenna scene, but some newer readers may
not know the full extent to which Dr. Krause has infulenced amateur antenna
techniques. His beam antennas made history as far back as the late 1930s in
QST t the old West Coast Radio, and in IRK Proceedings. The W8JK Flat-Top
Beam was widely used on 10 mid 20, before and after World War 1L Vbf enthusiasts
of long standing know W8JK for bis pioneering of the corner reflector. Basic
information on this popular vbf and uhf array, taken from a QST article of 1940,
appears substantially unchanged in ARRL publications of 1970, Antennas (John D.
Kraus, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1950) is still regarded as one of the
most comprehensive and useful works in antenna literature,
Dr. Kraus is equally well-known to workers in the allied field of radio astronomy9
as long-time Director of the Radio Astronomy Observatory of Ohio State University.

July 1970 11
 MODE I
- J ,
r tower, TIk flexible section has as conductors the
(A)
MODEM
Fig. 2 — Four modes of operation. Arrows show
the current directions.
calculated values. The gain? should be closely
approached in practice, provided the elements ate
fed with equal power, and the io*«es are small.
The gain over the wavelength range from 3 to
60 MHz is shown in Fig, 3, by the solid curves, for
the case of the dement lengtli, L» equal to 24 feet.
The dashed curves give the gain for caws where L is
increased to 28, 32, and 40 feet. The curves
indicate that increased length only affects the gain
at the shorter wavelengths, and that although same
gain improvement can be achieved on 10 and 15
meters it is at the expense of a sliarp drop in gain
at 6 meters. The curves also indicate that the
improvement at 10 and IS meters is trivial unless
the increase is to 40 feet.
I din indebted to Professor Jack Richmond of
the Electrosdence Laboratory, Department of
Electrical Engineering of the Ohio State Univer-
sity% for calculating the gain and beamwidth data,
elements.2 culating the gain and beamwidth data,
using a high-speed computer program he has
developed for analyzing antenna arrays with paral-
lel, perpendicular, or skew-oriented elements. 2 The
calculations take into consideration not only the
length, spacing, and orientation of the dements,
hut also their diameter or thickness. Professor
Richmond's program is an extension of the stan-
dard gain calculation method using self and mutual
impedance*3 The guins in Table I arc round-offs
from computer-gencratcd values which are printed
out to 6 significant figures. The gains are probably
as accurate as can be obtained by modem technol-
ogy.
Antenna Feed
Fig, 4 is a photograph of the experimental
model of the antenna with 24-foot vertical ele-
ments. The antenna is fed with an open 2-
2 FREQUENCY* MHz
J. H. Richmond, "Coupled Linear Antennan
with Skew Orientation/ 4 LKl&K. Transactions on
Antennas and Propagation, Sept. 1 £>70,
a
Kraus. "Antennas," McGraw-Hill Book Cu„
New YoTkn$50, Chap. 11.
12
conductor transmission line made of one-half-inch-
diamctcr aluminum tubing spaced about 3 inches.
A flexible section of line, a few f e d long, connects
the rotating horizontal transmission line to the
fixed vertical transmission line supported by the
inner wires of RG-S/U cable, spaced .1 inch. The
foam insulation is let1! in place on tlic stranded
wires. Matching and conversion to coaxial line can
be done at the transceiver end with a tank coil and
coaxial-line link* Mode changing can be accom-
plished with switches or relays.
Flexible twin-line can be used as transmission
line, throughout, instead of the aluminum tubing
with the flexibie-sectlon arrangement described
above. The highrpower TV-type 300-ohm twin-line,
or the liigh-power RG-86/U 200-ohm twin-line arc
suitable, although the small receiving TV-type
300-ohm twin-line can be used if the greater loss is
acceptable.
Another method of feeding, which is simple
and efficient, is to install a 2-conductoMo-
cuaxiaL-line (balance-to-unbaIance> converter at a
convenient location near the base of the tower. An
arrangement which lias proven effective Is sketched
in Fig. 5. A 6-foot trombone section, with shorted
lower end, is made to slide over the end of the
aluminum ^conductor line. Adjustment of (he
trombone position and tap height (H) result in a
very low SWR nn the coaxial line and provides
complete balance-to-unbalance inversion. This
trombone feed is convenient on 1U, and IS
meters* In mode ill, on 40 and 80 meters, the
short-circuit on the trombone may be omitted,
resulting in very broadband response, but with the
possibility of some unbalance. In mode IV on, 80
and 160 meters, the antenna can be fed by
grounding the outer conductor of the coaxial line
at tine tower base, and connecting the Inner
AMATEUR flANDS
60 METERS40 20 IS
4 $ 6 7*90 2ft 2* » 3*40 M 60
Fig. 3 — Gain of antenna over halt-wave dipole,
both antenna and reference in free space.
QST for
conductor to the vortical transmission line. If the T\
v
tower is grounded a matching network will be i
required. However, if the tower is insulated, and i
r
the guys are non-metallic, or sire of steel and are
broken up with jnxulators, the tower can also be
connected to the inner conductor without a
network, although a reactancc In series with the
Inner conductor may be required, depending on
the tower height.
The impedance bandwidth of the antenna
depends on the type of feed used. The shorted
trombone arrangement results In the smallest hand-
width, but provides the best balance and highest
efficiency. On 6, It), and 15 meters the bandwidth
is adequate for most amateur applications. When
using the tank cuil and link type of feed the
bandwidth is of less importance since the antenna
can be rctuned at the transceiver location.
On 40 meters one has the option o f using the
antenna in modes it or Ml. Mode II provides more
gain, but mode III has a much greater bandwidth.
On 80 meters one has the option o f using modes
111 or IV. In mode HI the rotatable dipole may give
little or no directional effect if communication is
by high-angle radiation.
When operating the antenna in mode I, it
is a completely balanced system. The drivirfrpoint Fig. 4 — Experimental antenna at W8JK. Photo-
impedances of all elements are identical. Hence, it' graph retouched to show detail.
the transmission lines arc symmetrical and of equal
length, each dement will radiate the same power
and will contribute cquaDy to the antenna gain.
This is not the case in an array with paiasitic
elements, nor would it be true for this driven array ThmwaJl
if it were turned so that the 32-foot boom were 606I-T6
vertical, and the elements were horizontal. The Clomps
or tea*y 'atomtiM
antenna is also a completely balanced system in rubber
modes II and IIL Ohmic loss on the transmission bands here tubing
line is minimized by using large-diameter con- -Stotr
ductors and only a few insulators* Radiation loss
will be small if the line is balanced, which will be
End of braid
the ca#e if symmetry is achieved, i f the nulls to the Satcepter
side (90 degrees from the main lobes) arc sharp and point
deep it is an indication that there is gyod balance.
Such nulls should be present on modes II, and Pipe
IIL yxdamps
-tyuwith
vter cover
removed
TABLE 1 (Baud&posed)

Gain and Beam width Data* catitA

L = 24 ft.
Fig. 5 — Trombone arrange-
Band (Mtrs.) Mode Ckiin (dB) Vert. UorU. ment for converting from
coaxial cable to balanced 2-
conductor line, (Drawing
6 \ 8.4 29 18 not to scale J
10 I 7.6 56 30
15 1 7.0 60 39
20 1 5.4 62 54
40 II 3.4 70 95
40 III -0.1 360 85
HO m -0.3 360 88

•Gains are with respect to a half-wave dipole* both antenna

and reference in free space, Beamwidths are between half-
puwer point* of the main tohes with the antenna in free apace.

July 1970 13
 Gain and Front-to-Back Ratio The performance as a DX antenna on 10, I S , 20
Regarding forward gain and front-to-hack ratio, and,40 meters is excellent. 1 am indebted to many
it should be noted that the two are not necessarily amateurs on aJl continents for their help and
related, and for the W8JK. antenna it would he cooperation in giving me critical signal reports and
more appropriate to speak of the front-to-side performance comparisons. The information from
ratio. T o achieve gain, the response of an antenna Professor J ack BlackweU, W5 KCP, regarding
is enhanced in a given direction-or directionvat the ktr-86/U 2-conductor line, is much appreciated. I
expends uf its response in all other direction*. am also indebted to Or. Bob Dixon, W8ERD, and
Therefore, an antenna with a given gam and a high fiene ilartquist, W8JTZ, for providing station
front-to-tack ratio, and another antenna with the equipment and assistance for testing the antenna
same gain, but unity <zcro dB) front-to-back ratio/ on b meters. HWH
must have low responses over a similar Lingular
extent (solid angle in the j-dimcnsional sense),
although not ncccssardy in the Name directions.
This means that the antenna described here will NEW BOOKS
provide good signal rejection over about the wnic
number o f deuces ax a unidirectional antenna Amateur Radio Circuits Book, published by the
with the same gain, although not in the back Radio Society of Great Britain, 35 Doutfity Street,
direction. This is illustrated in R g . 6. London, W.C. 1 , 5 ! * X frK inches, J 2 0 pages, soft
The unity fionMo-back ratio nf the antenna cover. Price; $2. From Cooitac, Box 5 9 2 , Amherst,
makes it ideal for observing around-the-world NHU303I.
echoes «*f your own signals. For example, these are Need a circuit for a Iransmatch, preamp, ur1
observed frequently on IS meters at certain times power supply? The K S G B h a n d y little book of
of the day, and for certain paths. These short-delay simple circuits may have just the one you are
looking for. Over 700 circuit ideas, most of them
echoes provide a simple, quick way o f checking to the "tried-ancl~true" favorites of hams around the
see if your signals are getting out. and for finding world, have been compiled by CvoJP. Some of the-
what paths arc open. The measured delay time is design* use tubes while other circuits arc transis-
dose to 0,14 seconds* torised. Comtec, the U«S, distributor o f KSGB
publications, includes a conversion chart that lists
American equivalents for the Kuropean types ot
UnidirectiQiai tuhes mid semiconductors *hown in many of the
patter*wtth
/ f \ htfh circuits.
/ / | \ txt£.k ratio* (t would he impassible in u short review to list
' I 1 * all the different designs contained In this book. In
\ \ j i
\ \ / / Stdirectionai the section <»n receivers alone, there are schematic
\ X/-—f— patter/? mih diagrams for five preamplifiers, fourteen conver-
\ X equal formed ters, fifteen ideas for improving i-f selectivity, four
gout. S-meter circuits, fourteen detector designs, and
eight noise-limitcr suggestions. The format is the
same in each case - a schematic diagram, parts list,
and, in some cases, a layout sketch. No written
text is included on the construction or alignment
of these projects. Obviously, this book is intended
tor the experienced hiillder who needs only »
Fig. 6 - Pattern ot unidirectional antenna cam- schematic diagram to get under way in his work-
pared with pattern of bidirectional antenna of shop. Mo*t of the circuits In this book have been
same gain. published before; unfortunately, no references are
given tn help the reader find the original articles
for additional Information.
Constructional details c ither Mibjects covered include test equipment,
The 24-foot vertical elements in the experi- transmitters, transmitting accessories, linear ampli-
mental model are made of 3/tt-inch-diameter alumi- Mm, keyers, and T-R switches. Most or the designs
num tubing, although 7/16 or 1/2 inch might be :jre for the hf amateur hands, hut a sprinkling of
more suitable. The weight of each 2-eicment unit, vhf and uhr "goodies'* are included. The hook has
no table of contents, hut the index wilt help the
with cross hoom, is 4 pounds. The 32-foot main
reader to locate any particular circuit quickly.
boom is made o f L 25-inch-diameter aluminum WIKLK.
tubing. The weight of the main boom plus trans-
mission line is 16 pounds, making the total weight
nf the rotating antenna system 24 pounds.
The purpose of this article is not to give
detailed construction data for the antenna, hut
rather to dcscribc an experimental model which
gives promise of providing another approach to the Stolen Bquipment
design of multiband rotary antennas. Sometime on May (1 someone stole my Swan
SOOC, Serial No. 1401940 from my 1964 Chevrolet
hardtop. Also taken was the microphone. Anyone
Performance with information is requested to contact ttatrick A-
The antenna has been operated in all modes, Bryan. 4541 W. I6.*rri St., Uiwudale, OA 90260*
and on all bands mentioned, except 160 meters. Tel.: 213 .170 5234 (home), 21 3 354 6 3 4 8 (work).

14 QST for
 The '70 Communicator
Updating a Popular VHF Transceiver

BY DOUGLAS A, BLAKESLEE, *W1KLK

i HE (Sunset Communicator was one of the

T most-popular commercial]y-huilt vhf rigs ever
sold* It was a good combination uf size and weight
that could be operated as a home station* or used
portable and mobile, Gousets were the workhorses
for many a Civil Defense outfit, ami they even had
their effect on ham lingo with expressions such an
" you're closing the eye here OM-" Tuday the
Communicators arc available at many used-equip-
ment outlets at attractive prices. However, many
have been beaten up by years o f mobile or other
heavy use. The following article describes the
rehabilitation and modernization of a 2-rncter
Communicator II. The same ideas can be applied to
models I and III. as well as the 6-inetcr units and
other equipment of similiar vintage. A homemade cabinet replaces the orignal Gonset
The author obtained his unit for a next-to- enclosure. The front panel was spray painted dark
nothing price. The cabinet was missing and the blue, while the rest of the cabinet was given a coat
wih-cha*si*were reportedly not working. Yet, these of light gray, thus giving a modem appearance. The
mike and antenna connections were brought out to
three heaps of dust (they were black with many the front panel for easy access.
years* accumulation of dirt) were the basis of the
transceiver .shown in the accompanying photo-
graphs,
end alignment and oscillator tracking should be set
The first order of business was a general clean-
carefully. After peaking, a 0.3-uV signal was
ing. During this process one cracked, burned
audible -- not bad in the Communicator's day, but
resistor was found and replaced, which proved to
a long way from what can be accomplished today
be the reason why the unit wasn't working. The
using modern transistors.
control* and variable cupucitors were each given a
A small FET "preamp" was built from a design
shot of contact cleaner. The sub-chassis were then
in the 1970 ARRL HandbookJ This prcarnp was
connected together and tried. The transmitter put
intended for use with converted commedcal ftn
out less than one watt, and the receiver produced
gear, but it is just the right size to mount on the
only harely-audible results on a 100-uV test signal.
rear panel o f the receiver. A low-cost plastic J FKT
But, it was working! Testing tubes by substitution
is used in a neutralized, groundcd-source circuit.
turned up three week ones in the receiver and one
The unit is built on a 2-3/8 X 1 X 3/8-irich etched
bad in the transmitter. Then, the actual modifica-
circuit board. 2 Input and output connections to
tions were, started.
the prcamp arc made with RG-174/U suhrnmature
The Receiver coaxial cable.
Aligning the receiver brought the sensitivity up The input and output coils. LI. and L3.(Fig. 1)
to a useable level with the new tubes. Hie receiver arc adjusted for maximum gttin. LI should be set at
section must be turned up on its side to be aligned, 144.5 MHz and L J at 146 Mtte for equal gain
as the i-f transformers have Mug adjustments on across the band. The neutralizing coil, L2, should
both the top and bottom of the cans. The front be adjusted for best signaMo-noise ratio, consistent
+ Assistant Technical Editor, QST. with stability. The preamp has but moderate gain,
so it does not detract from the receiver s strong-
signal-handling capability. However, with the pre-
amp in the circuit signals of 0.1 uV or less can be
In the late '50s and early '60s several copied, and stations that were barely audible
vhf transceivers popularized the 6- and before, become comfortable copy.
2-meter hands. The Gonset Communi- 1
Radio Amateur's Handbook, 1970 rfd., chapter
cator and the SCR-522 were the most 19. p. 504.
celebrated of these rigs. This article * Etched boards for the preamp and speech
ctipprr are available from Stafford Elifetironies, 427
describes improvements to the modu- S. Benbow Rd.1 Greensboro, NC 24701. t'h«
speech clipper board* No. 6-70A, is priced at
lation power output, and sensitivity $2.00, and the preamp, 1970-3, $1.50. Stafford
of an old Gonset / / . al»u offers kits of parts (including the etched
board) at $26.00 for the speech clipper and $7,50
(less coil forms) for the preamp.

July 1970 15
 Fig- 1 - (A) 2-meter FET preamp. Resistors are %
or % watt. Capacitors marked SM are silver mica,,
others are disc ceramic. Parts vox listed below are
labeled for circuit-board reference, j (B) Etched-
circuit-board layout showing ports placement.
L I , L3 — 5 turns, No. 26enam.wire,close-wound
ANT. on J. W. Miller form 27A013-5. L1 tapped I X
turns from the ground end.
L2 — 9 turns. No, 30 enam. wire, close-wound on
Miller 27A013-2 form.
•flSV. L4 - VA turns of No. 30 enam. wound over the
144-14® MHl. PREAIlP bottom end of L3.
Q1 — MPF102, 2N5486 (MPF107).

ANT.

Fig. 2 — Power-supply modifications to add solid-

state rectifiers (A), and a 12-volt dc supply <Bh
Resistors are ft watt. Capacitors with polarity
market are electrolytic, others are ceramic. Diodes Ftftill
CR1 through CR6 are 6Q0*olt PRV, 400 mA; CR7 TO CH0KK
and CR8 are 100-voIt PRV, 400 mA. L11

99V CM 220
M I V W i — + 1SV
tfftftATDR LEAD
BLA1E) FROM
POWER TRANS, on:

enoT as indicated, dismal vawib of

CAFJttJttNCF AHfc IN UlCHOFAMui I jiF I ;
OJHERS Am IN PICOFARADS I pF Oft V,
res&tances arc m ohms •
I'looo+tfitooo ooo.

Fig. 3 - The new tank coil is visibl e just above the

final tube. The output link is made from hookup
wireff covered by a piece of spaghetti to insure the
heat of the tank coil does not melt throu^i the
wire's insulation. The etched board containing the
new solid-state rectifier assembly is at the top left,
behind the "eye" tube.
 RfCl

Fig. 4 — Modification! to the tank circuit. CI is a

Hammarlund HF15B, and C2 is a Hammerlund
MAPC50B. L1 consists of 4 turns of No. 10 tinned
wire, 3/4-inch dia., 5/8-inch long, with the B-ptus
tapped at 2 turns. The output link, L2f is a single
turn of hookup wire with extra insulation added.
RFC1 is a Mil I en 34300-2.7 two-meter choke. (A)

rlTie receiver selectivity isn't too good, and no

simple modification is going to improve it much.
One trick used by many vhf operators is to push a
piece of hookup wire down inside one of the i-f
tube's Khields. The wire is connected to a gencral-
coveragc communications receiver. 'ITris receiver
than can be tuned around 6 MHz, the Gonset's i-f
frequency, spreading out stations that were QRM- n
H n ^ . n
ing each other on the Gonsct receiver. ! 1 ! 1 I i! i :
Power Supply i . . j . !l . . i j < : i- • i i
, I j f :i '
Several changes were made in the power supply,
as shown in Fig. 2, Higher voltage wan desired for
the transmitter, and 12 volts ilc was required for
the receiver preamp and speech clipper. The 6X4
rectifiers originally used were replaced with silicon
diodes. These rectifies with paralleled resistors
and capacitors for transient protection, were
mounted on a small ctched-circuit board. The high
voltage was raised some 50 volts, which was
(B)
desirable for the transmitter, but not on the
receiver, which already ran hot. A l50U-ohm,
5-watt resistor was added in series with the R-pfus
lead feeding the receiver, to reduce the voltage.
This resistor is mounted on the rear deck of the
transmitter, next to the receiver power socket.
This Gunset had a 6-volt vibrator supply for
mobile use. As 6-volt automobiles are now about as

a ;A
obsolete as the horse and buggy (and the unit
doesn't tend itself to a 12-volt conversion) the
vibrator section was removed. The vibrator winding
on the power transformer is used with a vnltage~
doubler rectifier to provide the required 12 volts I-II -•jV ••!•/• •. \ ••• 1
1 \ ' ;
dc. For appearance sake, an aluminum plate was \ 7
. i

bolted over the holes left in the chassis by the

removal of the tectifier and vibrator sockets.
The transformer slate-colored lead, which was
connected to the vibrator (be carcful not to
confuse it with the high voltage leads)* is run to the
input of the doubler. The output filtering on the
high voltage wasn't sufficient, resulting in some
hum on the carrier, and in the receiver. An i n
additional 40-ul1', 450-volt electrolytic capacitor
was added across the B plus, reducing the ripple to Fig. 5 — Waveforms obtained with the speech
an acceptable level. clipper using a 1100-Hz test signal. (A) Input
An inverter is used to power the completed signal, (B) output of the clipper showing moderate
Communicator 4 70 when operating mobile. clipping, and (C) output after filtering.

July 1970 17
 AMPLIFIER CUPPER FLTCR AMPLIFIER
7K RIO
WF
cidf
10k

- ^T

1900
(KCCPT AS IMOlCATeO, OTCMAt VALUES OF
CATACITANCC ARC IN MICROFARADS < J* > i
OTHERS ARE IN PKUFARAQ* I OR JJTV;
RESISTANCES ARC i n OHMS :
l 1 • 0 0 0 , N i 1000 0 0 0 .
OSS CCS
BOTTOM VIEW 6A
R12

RFC!
OUTPUT
R13 g i j . C i e
R 1 5
CIO

Fig. 6 — Speech-clipper diagram (A), and board

layout, (Bh Resistors are 14-watt. Capacitors with
polarity marks are electrolytic, others are ceramic.
Parts not liste^l below are labeled tor circuit-board
reference^
C14 - Feedthrough type,
CR1 f C R 2 - Silicon, 50-volts P R V or more.
J1,J2 - Phono type.
R 4, R 1 6 — Li near-taper control {Mai lory
MTC54L1).
RFC1 - Two-meter choke (Miilen 34300-2.7).
RFC2 - Submintature choke (MrIter 70F226A1).

The F E T "preamp" assembly i* mounted on the

rear deck of the receiver, just above the original
front-end stage, A cable (harness connects up the
various modifications made to the Communicator.

QST for

The speech clipper it mounted in a Minibox.
Complete shielding is necessary to keep rf out of
the low-level audio circuits,. The completed clipper
assembly is mounted on the rear of the new
cabinet,
Tbc Transmitter
A number of trouble* plagued the transmitter.
The strangest was that, when first switched on, the
transmitter had no output Slowly the output
would come up to about 4 watts. A coupling
capacitor 05 on the Cionset diagram - that
connect* the oscillator to the first doubler proved
to he the gremlin. Replacing this capacitor resulted
in full output the minute the transmitter was
turned on.
Several of the tuning capacitors were intermit-
tent, and one had a frozen shaft, No amount of
cleaning improved the situation, so the faulty
components were replaced. Hammarlund ty pe
MAPC were used. The original tank circuit was
anything but efficient, and it didn't provide suffi-
cient attenuation of harmonics. The harmonic
problem was apparent when viewing a nearby
television set. The output circuit was removed and
replaced with the components shown in Kg, 4. A
series-tuned, link-coupled tank is employed, pro-
viding easier tuning and better efficiency.
Tuning capacitor CM must be modified slightly
to fit in. The nut holding the mounting foot is
loosened, the mounting foot rotated I KG degrees,
and the bolt tightened again. The foot then
provides a mount for the tic strip that holds the
B-plus connection to the Final tank. The coil is a
good deal larger than the original, which is not a
problem with the new cabinct. It could he a
problem if the old Gonset ease were used, however.
Check this coil's position after the transmitter is
mounted inside tlie cabinet to insure it is not
touching the top of the housing.
The changes to the tank circuit, plus the
additional plate voltage picked up in the changcs to
the power supply brought the traasmitter output
up to 10 watts, and eliminated the TV! problem.
July 1970
Spent Clipper
The Gunset was designed for use with a carbon
microphone. Although a high-impedance input was
provided, must microphones don't have enough
output to fully drive the modulator. A spcech
amplifier, with a clipping feature, was added to
provide additional gam, pius clipping the speech to
provide a higher average level of modulation. A
well-modulated signal is necessary if the other
fellow is going to be able to copy you when your
signal is weak, and speech clipping helps.
The speech amplifier uses an FFT as the first
amplifier providing a high-impedance input that
allows the use of any of the popular crystal,
dynamic, or ceramic microphones. A socond stage
of amplification is used fo drive the clipper, which
consists of two back-to-back silicon diodes. The
audio harmonics produced in the clipping process
are filtered out by a douhle RC section. A third
amplifier stage, 0 3 is used to bring up the output
of the clipper, The gain before the clipper is quite
high, and may be higher than necessary for some
microphones. If this proves to be the cabe, C3 and
C6 may he left out of the circuit, reducing the giin
of Q1 and Q2, Operation of the clipper is not
affected by these changes.
The action of the clipper is shown in Fig. 5. The
unit is assembled on an ctclied-circuit board, and is
mounted in a small Minibox to shield the circuit
from the output tank. RFCl, RFC2, CI, 0 7 , and
CI 4 arc all filtering to insure rf does not get into
the amplifier, and they are necessary. If the speech
clipper is to he used with a transmitter on some
other hand, appropriate values for filtering should
be choscn for the frequency of operation.
Adjustment of the clipper is best done with a
scope connected to monitor the modulation envel-
ope of the Gonset, although this is not absolutely
necessary. The modulator in the Communicator
does not permit l(JO-pcrcent modulation - about
$5 percent is the best you can get. To adjust the
clipper, tiie audio gain control on the rear of the
transmitter deck should he set for about half gain.
With a test signal fed into the speech clipper, R4
should be turned up until <\ further increase
produces no additional output. Then adjust R16
for maximum modulation on the Communicator.
Be sure not to overdrive the modulator, as this will
produce distortion and splatter - not additional
audio. Then set R4, with the microphone you are
going to use, for moderate clipping. The advantage
of the clipping circuit is that once you have set the
transmitter modulation level, increases in input
produce more clipping, not splatter.
As mentioned before, the Gonset cabinet was
"long gone/ 1 A sample housing was made up with
the front and back panels being L-shaped bends of
sheet aluminum, with a U-shaped piece for the top.
The subchassis were mounted in a row* giving a
low-silhouette tppearance. A microphone jack was
added to the front panel for easy access. A set of
modern knobs completed the job.
The finished unit works <far better than the
orignaf Gonset, and is a pleasure to use. With the
modifications described, it should he possible to
get another decade of use from the old rig before
considering a replacement. [qfiTH
19
 M d r G i m m i c k s and. G a d g e t s
' - — ' ^ ^ .Ji • • - -J

A Silicon-Diode PIV Checker

BY WILSON D O T Y , *WA4D1D

B KCAUSK surplus silicon diodes can be pur-

chased at a very low price, they are a very good
buy even if a high percentage of them ate
defective. The dealer from whom i purchase diodes
h very reliable, but occasionally I receive defective
nr substandard units. The time to spot these diodes
is bcfcre they arc assembled into a rectifier string,
not after voltage is applied and the string breaks
down.
Fig. I is the circuit diagram of the diode
checker. R12, a rheostat in the primary circuit of
T l . is used to control the output of a voltage
doublcr. Ml, a O-l-mA meter in series with the
output of the power supply and the diode to be
tested, indicates reverse current through the diode.
An external voltmeter is used to measure the
voltage at which the diode reverse current starts to
avalanche. The accuracy of the measurement is
determined primarily by the accuracy uf the
voltmeter used with the gadget Because I I has a
bOO-volt secondary, PIV ratings up to about 1700 Diode tetter and VTVM setup to check the PIV
volts can be checked with the tester, rating of a silicon diode.
Since vto more than a milliampere or so of electrolytic* for these two capacitors. A voltage
i-urrent is ever demanded from T1, this transformer equalizing resistor is required across each electro-
can be the smallest 600-volt job you can find. lytic when several capacitors are connected in
Although your junk hn\ may nut contain the Mies* and additional current is drawn from the
oil-filled capacitors suggested for ( 7 and CH J do transformer, In R12 this current increase is multi-
not recommend the substitution of strings of plied approximately by the turn* ratio of the
'061OS.W. 35th St., Miami, Florida Httltih, transformer and might tax the cutrcnt-handling

if
dq iwv
1 >1 ' 1 M -
WT 100*
tVOLTMtTO

. jCi-t-b.lHCL.
^'IH-W. INCL^ 550N
ni^F
rrr
( . e m - c M j «CL.

iw WOm Ttt

Hi *nn rpNNlCTION
h- moo
rt C

Fiq* 1 Schematic diagram of the silicon-diode PIV checker. Except as indicated, fixed resistors are
W-watt composition. Capacitance values are in uF.

CI-06, inc. - 1000-volt disk ceramic, J 3 - Back binding post (E. F. Johnson 111-303).
C7, 08 - 2000-volt oil-tilled capacitor (Fair Radio M1 —0-1 dc milliammeter.
Sale* Co.). Pt — fused plug.
CR1-CR6. inc. - 800-P1V silicon diode (1N3196K R12 - 50-watt rheostat {Ohmite 0327).
CR7 — Silicon diode to be checked. S1 - Spst toggle.
F1, F2 - Varnpere iuse. T1 — Power transformer: 600 volts, center-tapped,
J1 - White binding post <E. F.Johnson 111-301). current rating unimportant (Knight: Allied Ra-
J2 -- Red binding post ' E, F. Johnson 111*3021. dio 54 A 3704).

20 QST for
 A look at some of the innards uf the diode tester.
A side view of the silicon-diode PIV checker. The The rheostat at the right may seem to have a much
bracket used to mount the capacitors at the right is higher wattage rating than the checker circuit
homemade from a piece of scrap aluminum. requires. It doesn't though; R12 is the lowest-
wattage unit that can be used without haveng its
power rating exceeded when the control arm is
3" near the maximum output setting of the rheostat.
O
^ A /^L
These resistor* are included only to quickly dis-
CI charge C7 itnd C8 when R12 is turned to zero
Rl- R2- • output. In any event, when employing the HIV
•4 CR1-J*4 CR2- »4CR3 checker, it is wise to use caution when connecting
or disconnecting a diode. A l-uF uipact tor,
charged up to a thousand volts or more, can be
dangerous.

FOIL SIDE SHOWN.
NON-ETCHED AREA SHADED.
COPPER STRIPS ARE 1/4'WIDE.
DWG. IS 1/2 SCALE.
Fig, 2 - Circuit board layout. See Pig. 1 for
component values.
capabilities of tlie potentiometer. However, the
capacitance ratings of C7 and C# may he reduced
considerably without a serious sacrificc of output
voltagsr, since the normal load on the supply is
quite light.
The bleeder resistors, R8 through R l I, may be
omitted if a lOOO-ohms^pcr-vult voltmeter is used.
Construction
Referring to the photographs, the silicon diode
PIV chccker Is built in a 6 \ 6 \ 6-inch aluminum
utility cabinet (Bud AU1039IIG). As shown in Fig.
2, most o f the smaller components used in the
tester are mounted on a 3 x 4 3/4-inch etched
circuit board. One-half-inch threaded spacers are
used to raise T1 and the circuit hoard above the
floor of the cabinet. X I is mounted in this fashion
because the leads uf the transformer uaed exit from
the bottom of the transformer case. A homemade
bracket is used to hold C7 and C8 in place. A sheet
of spongy material between the capacitor nearest
the back of the cabinet and the rear wall of the
cabinet insures a snug mounting.
Operation
To use the checker, turn R12 to itsTero voltage
position and connect a voltmeter as indicated in
Kig. 1. Of course, the voltage range o f the
voltmeter should he greater than the assumed PIV
rating of the diode to be checked. When connec-
ting the diode (C.'K7) to the checker, be sure the
anode o f the diode goes to the negative <chassis")
(Continued on page 90)

July 1970 21
 Power-Line Interference
Its Causes and Methods of Location
B Y ROBERT 6. HOLLOW A Y , * W4XJSQ
ottokth can
N be more exasperating to the
amateur than to be plagued with persis-
tent power-line interference.
cases may completely blanket the radio spectrum
with a racket best described us & high-pitched
Severe
buzz saw.
When this happens to you don't wring your
hands in despair and "give up the ship." Power
companies have learned a great deal in recent
years about the techniques of locating and elim-
inating undesired radial ion from thei r lines.
Since one of the author'* primary duties us a
power-oompany field ejigiucer is the location
and elimination of line noise, he can assure the
distraught amateur that the power company is
most willing to cooperate and to promptly cure
cases of power-line interference.
So, when you have a problem and have de-
termined that it is probably a line problem, place
a call to the engineering department of your
loRftl power company. Detailed information on
your particular case of interference can be most
helpful to the engineer who will try to locate it.
He sure to include the frequency on which the
noise is strongest, time of day the noise uccura,
and a description of the interference—high
pitched, tearing, buzzing, popping, etc. If ynu
have a beam anteuna and cart determine from
which direction the nuise t* strongest, this will
be must helpful, also. This information is used
by the engineer much in the same way that a
patient's symptoms are used by a physician to
diagnose a patient's ailments The more detailed
and complete the information, the better.
Xt this point it might be well to point out
Mume uf the various causes of power-line inter-
ference. The high-voltage for primary) conduc-
tors are separated from the pole or cross arm by
an insulator. This insulator acta as the dielectric
material between the conductor and crossarm
or pole, forming_a capacitive network, Because
* P.O,~lto3c 89-it Plant City, Florid&lttSfiS.
C Interfering electrical noises are gren-
\ erated by many sources — among
J theinr the pov»r line, This article
) reviews the causes and character-
I istics of power-line noin. But mince
\ the line is only one o£ many possible
S culprits, the amateur also should
/ review Nelsonrs articles on electrical
} noise that appeared in QSTfl April
I and May, 1966, before calling the
i power company,
22
of this capacitive effect, a potential i» coupled
to the pole's metallic hardware. If this potential
discharges through the air ur some contaminant
on the insulator, severe power-line interference
results.
Each piece of hardware on the pole — cross-
arm braces, steel pins, guy wires, etc. - has a
natural ru&ouaut frequency. If a potential dis-
charges to or from these metallic components,
a signal is generated consisting of fundamental
and harmonic frequencies.
Power-line noise normally arises from one nr
more or five major factors:
( ) Loose corrections in the primary or neutral
circuit.
2) Loose tie wires (they hold the conductor
t-0 the insulator) on the primary.
3) Defective primary insulators.
4 ) Defective lightning arrestem,
ft) Louse hardware on the pole nr ungrounded
hardware in close proximity to a grounded item.
Loose connections on the p r i m a T y allow cor-
rosion and oxidation betw«on the joints. The
current flow in the primary must then arc
t hrough this oxide |>ath. Severe electrical noise
rest i lis.
Tie wire* are also a major cause of line noise.
Since this wire is wrapped around the primary
conductor in a series of loops, a coil is formed
and a voltage is induced in the tie wire. Ijoose
tie wires result in an oxide buildup which dis-
charges between the conductor and the tie wire.
Unfortunately, many times the tie wire is in-
sulated wire while the primary •'nnductor is
bare, ur vice versa. Occasionally both tie wire
arid primary conductor are insulated. As time
passes, the initiation deteriorates, and a small
air gap is established through which voltage
buildup on the lie wire may discharge- The tie
wire and primary conductor should he mechan-
ically and electrically bonded iu order to prevent
poweMinc noise. Oxide-discharge sources nor-
mally will not produce noise during rainy weather
or when line components are wet. This is because
r the moisture alters the resistance of the wood
( involved and bridges the discharge gap.
\ Interference because of faulty insulators can
5 occur in several ways: by a crack in the insulator,
/ leakage paths caused by a contaminant such
€ as dirt, salt, or moisture on the insulator, or by
\ an insulator which is loose on it* pin.
S Lightning arresters are a common source of
) interference. Moisture or other contaminants iu
C the arrester cause a spark discharge. Many times
\ this type of interference is intermittent and quite
difficult to trace.
QST for
 "Hardware" noise also is quite common, and
is perhaps the greatest cause of power-line inter-
ference. It is also the most difficult noise to pin
down. Hardware consists of any metal items on
the pole, such as nuts, bolts, crossarms, braces,
washers, and staples. The hardware is located in
the midst of intense electric and magnetic fields.
The noise is usually intermittent and is caused
by a corrosion film or a small air gap between two
pieces of hardware. Abrupt arc-overs occur one
or more times per half cycle. This results in a
pulse with a great many harmonics, covering
large portions of the radio spectrum. While
locating the pole with the noise source might be
comparatively simple, the location of the piece
of hardware causing the noise is usually a tedious
task, rt might well be compared with looking
for the proWbial needle in the haystack. I t
is usually only found after a great deal of prod-
ding, prying and shaking of the source pule. This
leads to a special word of advice: Be patient
with the power company and the engineer seek-
ing the source of your interference. Location of
power-line noise sources is a painstaking task
often requiring many days or perhaps weeks.
There are three means by which this energy
travels to your receiver: radiation, conduction,
and induction, Radiation occur* when the power
lines act as transmitting antennas and send a
husky signal into space. This energy also Sows
along the power lines, sometimes for many miles,
through the transformer and into the receiver
power supply. This is known as conduction.
Induction is when the power lines carrying the
interference are close enough to the anteuna 1o
couple the noise directly into tiie antenna system.
Each type of interference has its own charac-
teristic sound. Familiarity with these sounds
will be helpful in locating the source nf noise.
Some of the common sources of interference and
their sounds are:
1) Corona: hissing.
2) Faulty insulators: bussing or raspy noise.
3) Hardware noise: popping, staccato, ir-
regular.
4) Loose connections: frying, low-pitched
static.
Most power companies' interference-locating
equipment, consists of a receiver with coverage
from 530 klls to 220 Mils. The receiver is
equipped with a loop antenna and a field-strength
meter. A calibrated field- ur signal-strength
meter is essential since the amplitude of one
noise peak cannot readily he distinguished from
another by ear.
As the source of interference is approached,
the amplitude of the noise will increase. How-
ever, sharp nulls will be observed, and after
each null the nefct peak will be greater In the
source area, the nulls will (disappear, arid a broad-
amplitude peak will be apparent. The broad
peak area will normally cover a hundred yards
or more. As this broad peak or source area is
passed, the nulls iwcome apparent once again.
Kach peak then diminishes until normal back-
ground noise level alone is heard.
July 1970
tubhb \i rto CASK
OF Powerc-LINR
IhTERFSMNCE
THAT CWWOT BfWTMW
BE LOCAXWP '
EUAUMATEP
In the immediate source areap amplitude
measurements of the fundamental frequency
would i>e impractical. However, within this area
Lhe amplitude uf the harmonic radiation increases
as Lhe source of interference is approached. The
higher the order r>f harmonic, the lower its level
of signal strength. Thus, to narrow the
search to a specific location in the broad peak
area, you determine the spot at which the highest
hurmoiuc can be heard. This frequency usually
falls between 180 and 250 MHi.
However, no piece of equipment now com-
mercially manufactured will exactly pinpoint
sources of noise radiation. Once the field has
been narrowed, the components on each pole
must be checked by the power-company lineman
to find the culprit.
Although the normal procedure for locating
power-line noise is to Locate the area (if greatest
amplitude, the results can lie misleading. Noise
standing waves are established on the line.
Khai-p peak* followed by nulls will be found along
the power line because of these standing-wave
eiiaracteristics. Changes in line impedance change
the standing-wave pattern which, iu turn, can
increase or decrease the interference voltage at
any one spot. Impedance changes may be caused
by the junction of an extension or lateral line
with the main line, varying height of conductors
above ground, Jtaps on transformer primaries,
and similar discontinuities. In other words, the
pole which serais to transmit the greatest noise
is not necessarily the pole from which the inter-
ference is radiating. Power-line interference is
tricky, and no one procedure or theory cart be
Mied upon Iftfl percent- of the time. However,
persistence pays off, and there is no case of
power-line interference that cannot eventually
be lor-ated and eliminated.
Your assistance and cooperation will prove to
be an invaluable aid to the powcr-company en-
gineer in locating the noise. However, one word
of caution in closing. Often sources of line noise
are hazardous. Stay off the pole! Tjeave the elimin-
ation of the noise to the power company, which
has the equipment and know-how to cure power-
line noise. Remember, they also want their lines
clear!
23
• (BsqinjWL andL T b v k f L
The Ultimate Transmatch
BY LEWIS G. MCCOY, *WUCP
SOME amateurs assume that because they use
coaxial feed lines they don't need a Trans-
match. Hiis can be an Incorrect assumption, and
well try to show why in this article.
The Harmonic Problem
A large number of hams have found to their
sorrow that the harmonic suppression in their
transmitter* may leave much to be desired, The
t*CC issues many citations to Novices each year for
sccond-harmonic violations.
A typical Novicc station might consist of a
transmitter and receiver, with direct coax teed tcta
trap dipole or vertical antenna. In a properly
adjusted transmitter of typical design, often there
i* insufficient attenuation of the second-harmonic
energy, This can mean that the second harmonic of
the signal can reach the antenna and be radiate 1
What is required to eliminate or reduce the second
harmonic, and higher-order harmonics, is more
selectivity between the transmitter and the
antenna. A Transmatch is an excellent aid in taking
care of the harmonic problem.
The SO-Obm-Load Problem
Still another reason for using a Transmatch is
because nearly all manufacturers of transmitters
design their rigs to work into a nonreactive,
50-ohm load. Any departure from this load imped-
ance causes difficulty in tuning and loading the
final-amplifier stage, tt might be pertinent to point
out that simply because a ham uses 50-ohm coax,
it doesn't necessarily follow that he will have a
50-ohm load. Basically, in order to have a 5(Vohm
load when using 50<ohm coax, the coax must be
terminated in a 50-ohm resistive impedance. In
other words* the antenna impedance must be 50
ohms.
+ Novice Editor
Most hatns would like to own a Trans-
match that could cover HO through 10
meters* and work during coax-to-coaic
or balanced-tines conditions* Here is
just such a unit* It will match the
proverbial bedspringp* or any other
nonresonant or resonant antenna% and
without plug-in coils or band switching
- even on 160 meters.
i h e kW version of the Ultimate Transmatch, The
knobs and dial counter are standard Mi 11 en
components. The front bottom of the cabinet is
tilted by means of two 2-inch standoff insulators
used as feet.
When the terminating impedance of the coaxial
cable is other than 50 ohms, then the transmitter
will be "looking" some value other than 50
ohms. It Is practically impossible to design a single
antenna that will have an impedance of 50 ohms
on all of the bands a ham might want to use. One
answer to the problem is to employ a devide that
will "match" the unknown load to the 50-ohm
impedance required by the transmitter. One such
circuit or devktt is « Transmatch. A Transmatch is
simply an adjustable rf transformer that can match
the unknown load presented by the transmitter
end of the feed line to the required 50-ohm
transmitter impedance.
Receiver Cross-Modulation
In addition to taking care of the problems just
outlined, a Transmatch can serve another very
useful function at the receiver. Some receivers are
susceptible to what is known as cras»<inodulation4
or front-end overloading, by strong nearby radio
stations. This is particularly true on 160 or 80
meters when a broadcast station is nearby. The be
station overloads the front end of the communi-
cations receiver, causing "birdies111 and other un-
wanted responses across the band. A Transmatch
will eliminate or gruatiy reduce this problem in
nearly all iiftstancea.
The Ultimate Transmatch
We shall describe two Transmatches - one for
the Novice power limit, and another for the legal
2-kW PFP limit, We have found that many
amateurs on the verge of taking their General or
higher-class licenses* would rather invest initially in
a unit that will take care of all of their future
needs.
 p w n m t

Sonic years ago, 1 a Transmatch was described

that was designed for use with coaxial feed lines. It COAX
TO
was called "the 50-0hm Transmatch." This partic- ANTENNA
ular unit handles mismatches on the order of 4 to
1. It can transform a load of about 200 ohms, or
12 ohms, to a 50-ohm impedance. The circuit of
the Transmatch described in this article. Fig. 1, is
similar, but with two notable exceptions. In place
of a tapped, witched inductor, a variable inductor
is used, the idea for this innovation coming from
Ai LaPlaca, K2DDK. The variable inductor is a coil
wound on an insulated form that can be rotated so
that a movable wheel shorts out and grounds the TO

unused portion of the coil. Using the roller C2

inductor, along with the two variable capacitors,

the Transmatch provides an almost unlimited
a
matching range, plus the feature of KG- through EflNA
10-meter coverage without band switching. With
the values shown in the units, it is even possible to + 3/
CI r\
add one fixed capacitor to obtain 160-meter
coverage.
The other exception is the use of a l-to-4
JUMPER SALANCEO
(unbulanccd-to-balariced) balun transformer on the mots*
output side of the Transmatch, which permits the T1

use of balanced feed lines. This means that a

Transmatch can cover l w through 10 meters «r
(including the MARS frequencies). It can be used
to match into coaxial lines, random-length end-fed
wires, or balanced feeders, and can do the job Fig, 1 - Circuit diagram of the Ultimate Trans-
without using switches. match.
The two units shown in the photographs C1 — Split-stator variable, 250 pF per section; see
text. For low-power version, E.F. Johnson type
underwent extensive tests as to efficiency, power-
J 6250; or similar, for high-power version, Millen
handling capabilities, and methods of adjustment type 16250, or similar.
In coax-to-coax tests, power inputs and outputs 02 - 200-pF variable, for low power, E.F. Johnson
through the Transmatch were carefully measured type 167-12 or similar, for high power. Mi I ten type
while using Bird Thruline wattmeters and an 16520, -171-inch spacing, 16520A, .077-inch spac-
adjustable dummy load. As carefully as could he ing, or similar.
measured, and with indicated mismatches of up to J1 f J2 - Coax chassis fining, type SO239.
IS to I, the Transmatches showed an efficiency of J3^J4^J5 — Feed through insulators.
LI — Roller inductor, see text. If 160-meter
over 95 percent. This small loss in efficiency more
operation is desired, total inductance should be 28
than outweighs the usefulness of the dcvice. uH, E.F* Johnson type 229-203; otherwise, 18 uH
Many tests were made with the high-power is adequate, E.F. Johnson type 229-202.
version to check heating of the roller inductor and T1 — l-to-4 balun; see text tor details, cores are
the balun. Under a key-down condition, with 1200 Arhidon type T-200>2.
1 "The &0-0hmer Transmatch," July 1961 QST.
At the rear of the roller
inductor is the 1~to-4
balun. The balun is set
on top of a standoff
insulator and is held in
place with a piece of
insulated board and a
s c r e w . The f i x e d
capacitor mounted on
the rear wall is the
160-meter unit Both
the variable capacitors
and i nductor are
mounted on 1-inch high
standoff insulators.

10R0IDAL
CORE
Fig. 2 - At Ar details for padding a low-value
variable tor C1 by installing a second variable, C3,
the same value a* the low-power unit C2. In the
case of tuning 160 meters, using an inductor of 28
uH for LI, and 250 pF per section For C1r a fixed
capacitor of 100 pF can be used at C3, Centralab
type 850-1 DON, or similar. At B, details for
connecting the bifilar windings on the balun are
given. The ungrounded leads a and b are connected
to J3 and J4, the feed through insulator terminals.
watts indicated power through the Transmatch* the
transmitter was kept on for 15-minute periods. In
one test, the measured rf current through the coil
was in excess of 15 amperes. The roller inductor
used in the unit is rated at S amperes, su this was
considered a fairly rugged test. The coil did get
warm, but not enough to be a cause for concern.
Keep in mind that in regular amateur work, 15
minutes would be a ridiculous figure for contin-
uous operation/'2 In rw and *sb operation, the duty
cycle would he in terms of second* or even
tractions of seconds.
The balun used for balanced operation in the
high-power unit was made up from three Amidon
1-kW cores - more about that in a moment.
^Fid. Note; However, teletype operation would
he continuous <to say nothing of those long-
winded a-m operator*!
>\\t
.:
• I • M
W1KLK, on our staff, has made extensive checks
on a single-core balun, for use in an upcoming
Transmatch article. It was found that a single corc
would easily handle 500 watts of power during
severe mismatch conditions. Failure of the core,
most likely due to saturation and heating, took
place at the 7CHVwatt level. In the high-power
Transmatch shown here, three cores arc used. They
are wrapped with glass insulating tape and then
wound with Teflon covered wire,Wire insulation
material can be important because of the ex-
tremely high rf voltages that may he developed
with some load conditions. In many tests of long
duration, using up to 1400-watts output into a
dummy toad, it was almost impossible to detect
any heating of the balun.
Bear in mind that the balun would only be
needed if balanced-line operation were desired. For
coax-to-ctifo or random-wire feed, the balun can
be omitted.
Construction Information
A look at Fig. 1, at A, will show that the circuit
is a very simple one. The input line from the
transmitter is cunnccted to the rotor of ( i , a
spUt-stator capacitor. This means that the capacitor
must be insulated from the chassis, using standoff
pillars, ana from the panel by means of an
insulated shaft coupler. The same is true for C2. In
the kW unit shown, we have installed a power
bridge. Construction details are not given here for
the bridge because such a unit was described in
detail in a recent issue of QST3 Also, many
amateurs already have a Monimatch* or some
other type of SWR indicator. An SWR bridge or
matching indicator is needed in the 50-ohm line
between the rig and the Transmatch to show when
the Transmatch is correctly adjusted.
Layout of the components should follow the
same arrangement shown in the photographs, CI at
the input side, the roller inductor at the center,
antfcrfhen 02, if a balun is going to be installed,
allow enough room behind the roller coil for
mounting the talun. In the two units shown* the
^In-Une HP Power Meterizifc'Ttoc. 1*69 QST.
UndrrxtaruHng Amateur Radio9 pagr 209.
This it the low-power Trans-
match. The salvaged roller
inductor is mounted on the
front panel, making use of the
original mounting brackets.
- -
-J*".
QST foae

Here is an inside view of the Ultimate Transmatch
made by Al LaPlaca, K2DDK, who came up the
idea of using the roller inductor. The installation
on top the right-hand capacitor is the home made
160-meter switch and fixed loading capacitor.
cabinet* are made up from aluminum sheet stock.
If desired, a commercial chassis and cabinet can be
used, fn the low-power Transmatch, leave at least
1/2-inch spacing between the edges of the capac-
itors and any part of the chassis and cabinet. Allow
1-inch spacing in the kW unit
Batun Details
For the low-power Transmatch, a single turoid
core will more than handle (he power. Incidentally,
the low-power unit was tested under all conditions
at about 100 watts through the Transmatch. The
power-handling capabilities uf the units depend
primarily on the plate spacing used for CI andC2.
aside from the balun requirements mentioned
earlier. At the 100-watt level a plate spacing of ,03
inch is adequate, A ,045-inch spacing should
handle 500 watts. In the kW unit shown. CI has a
,077-lnch spacing. While a .077-Inch spacing capac-
itor wasn't tried at C l f such plate spacing should
work at the kW level.
In making the low^power balun, wind two
layers of Scotch brand electrical tape around the
core before putting on the wire. This will provide
extra insulation* and will protect the edges of the
wire to prevent the enamel from being scraped
away. Fig. 2, at B, shows a sketch of the winding.
The winding consists of 10 bifilar turns of No. 14
Formvar insulated wire. Connected us shown, this
will provide a L-to-4, unbalanced-to-balanced con-
figuration.
Three cures are needed in the high-power halun.
Each core is covered with two layers of 3-M type
27 glass-cloth insulating tape. Next, the three cores
arc stacked, then covered with two more layers of
the tape. The winding consists of 15 bifilar turns uf
either No. 12 or 14 insulated wire. The insulation
should have a minimum rating of 10UO volts and
can be either Teflon or vinyl-nylon (or any other
suitable covering with a minimum voltage rating of
loon volts).
In making the low-power Transmatch, a roller
coil from a junked 40-meter ARC-S transmitter
was salvaged and installed in the unit Many
July 1970
amateurs know other hams who have old ARC-5
gear, and these units are a good source for the
roller coils. However, some ham* may not be able
to locate used ARC-5 transmitters, so we have
included some information on sources of surplus
and new roller inductors. There may be surplus
outlets in your area worth investigating. Look for a
roller coil that has a minimum inductance of 10 utl
when used with CI having a value of 2(10 pF per
section. Such a combination will cover a low
frequency of 3500 kHz. In the unit shown, in
addition to the ARC-5 roller, we used a value of
100 pF per section for CI and padded that
capacitor with another of 200 pF (single section)
in order to provide the required coverage- This
added capacitor is shown in Fig. 2 at A. By using
this approach* it is sometimes easier to save money
then when trying to locate a 200-pF-per-section
variable for CI, (Incidentally, vuu can use a
variable at CI of more than 200 pF per wction for
good coverage with the roller inductance specified
aabove.)
An even better approach to get the required
capacitance for CI, because it is better to maintain
the symmetry of the circuit as shown in Fig. I at
A, would be to gang two 200-pF variables to make
up your own split-stator capacitor, with the desired
plate spacing. (There may be some around, but we
couldn't find any manufactured split-stator with
the required plate spacing and capacitance). Still
another approach would be to clip fixed
tran&mitting-type mica ca]Ucitors across each sec-
tion of CI to obtain the required capacitance for
use on 160 and K(L
Finding the Parts
As most hams are finding out, it is becoming
more and more difficult to buy, or find, com-
ponents for construction projects. Some searching
was done, and the following information is worth
passing on. Barry Flectronics uf New York City has
informed us that they will till any order for any
amateur component at the manufacturer's current
amateur net price. The parts specified in Fig, I arc
currently-manufactured items. Also, Fair Radio
Sales in Lima, Ohio has some surplus roller
inductors and counter dials in stock. The roller-
-inductor catalog number is 5950-199-6469, and
the counter dial is listed as RT-45, Also, Millen
components can lie purchased directly from Millen
(write to Wade Cay wood, W1KRD).
Using the Transmatch
One of the first considerations in using a setup
for "coax-to-tioax" is exactly how much, or how
high an SWR can be tolerated. As has been pointed
out, this Transmatch will handle any mismatch on
the line. Without getting into a lot of details, a few
observations about coaxial lines are in order. First,
the higher the SWR, the greater the lo&es in
coaxial lines. The amount of losses depends on the
line construction and the frequency at which the
line is used - tlie lower the frequency, the less will
be the losses. For example, Rli-8/lf lias a loss per
100 feet of line of only 3/10 of a dB at 3,5 MHz
with an SWR of 1 (a matched condition). At 28
{Continued on page 5X)
27
 Transistors
Parf 9—Operating Transistor Circuit*

L STOFFELS*

N o discussion of transistors w o u l d be c o m -
plete w i t h o u t R i v i n g s o m e e x a m p l e * of
a e t u a l o p e r a t i n g circuit*. T h e r e f o r ? i n tlus,
i Mir final c h a p t e r o f t h i s series, w e s h a l l d i s c u s s
several sueh w c u i t s .
I n b o t h cases a n emitter resistor { I t * for the
first b i n g e a m i / i m f u r t h e secrond a t o g c ) i s e m -
p l o y e d to w o r k w i t h the b a s e resistors. T h e
l o a d r e s i s t o r hi b o t h <*n«e& i s l o c a t e d i n ( h e
cullectur circuit.
A s y o u will recall, we s p e n t considerable time Not**, f u r t h e r m o r e , t h a t c a p a c i t o r s are u s e d to
w o r k i n g o u r w a y u p to t h e c o n f i g u r a t i o n oF a e o u p l e t h e t.wo s t a g e s , m well u * f<ir c o u p l i n g
s i n g l e t r a n s i s t o r &tajyce o|>erating ( J l a s s A . W e t h e i n p u t v o l u m e c o n t r o l t o t h e first s t a g e . T h e
l o c a t e d t h e o p e r a t i n g p o i n t o n t h e l o a d line, n u t a n s " f d o i n g t h i s w a s d i s c u s s e d i n F a r t />.
determined the resistors necessary to bias Urn These coupling1' i^ipacitors are n o r m a l l y m a d e
t r a n s i s t o r a t t h i n p o i n t T a n d Learned w h a t w o u l d q u i t e iarge P aa t o k e e p f r o m a t t e n u a t i n g t h e
h a p p e n w h e n w e f e d i n t o t h i s c i r c u i t HU H.*\ a c s i g n a l a a i l p a s s e s from, o n e n i a g e t o a n o t h e n
s i g n a l . T h e r e f o r e , o u r first e x a m p l e o f AH n p e r - (.^pacitors a n d O n n r v u s e d aa b y p a s s
a t i n g circuit will be » n a u d i o amplifier, c o n s i s t i n g r a p a c i t u r a f o r t h e fir#t n n d ^ti^ond h t j i p ^ r e -
of t w o c a s c a d e d transistor s t a g * * . spectively. R a c h uf these c a p a e i ^ r o is 5U
O u r second e x a m p l e will deal w i t h w h a t is t h u s e f f e c t i v e l y byjKiMKi11g m o a t o f t h e n. s i\
k n o w n a s p u s h - p u l l C l a s s B . HrieF m e n t i o n haw ^i^nal a p p e a r i n g arronn the emitter rmatora*
b e e u m a d e of s u c h o|»eratinn p r e v i o u s l y , a n d i n T h e s e u a p a c i t o r H n e i f j disniMsciJ i n P a r t K
e o n r o p t i t u s o HI m i la r t o ( / l a w A o p e r a t i o n t h a t N o t i c e f o r o n e r u o m e n t T t h e i n p u t i n t h e eiis-
w e n e e d n o t d w e l l o n *t f o r v e r y J o n g . m i L T h + s i g n a l f r u u i t he p h o n o c a r t r i d g e in f<rd
T h e s e t w o v i r r o i l s will t h e n be <-ombined to tio t h e v o l u n i p c o n t r o l , r e n w t o r it\m revf>lving
produce a four-transistor p h o n o amplifier. T h i n fliia v o l u m e c o n t r o l a r m i n t h e u p w a n i d i r e c t i o n
c i r c u i t i s token d i r e c t l y f r o m t h e S i x t h H d i t i o n m o r e o f t h e i n p u t M g n a ! LB p e r m i t s ! t o APPEAR
of the fr.E* Transistor Manual. at- e a p a e i t n r G u B y t h e s a m e t o k e n , r e v o l v i n g
T h e final c i m r i t w e s h a l l d i s c u s * in a t r a n s i s t o r the v o l u m e eontrol i u the o p p o s i t e d i r e r t i o n
flip-Hop, t T i m i i t s HUntlar t o t-fim a r e u s e d b y t h e d e t m a m the i n p u t to this e a p a r i t n r imtil, a t
t h o u s a n d s i n digital c o m p u t e r s , A s w e will w e , t h e . e x t r e m e , v i r t u a l l y n o s i g n a l is f e d t o t h e
i t a l s o i s q u i t e s i m i l a r to t h e s t a a d a r d t r a n s i s t o r nrrait*
circuit we h a v e been s t u d y i n g . J n thifl t i g u r e t h e ( « i w e r a w i t e h T i r t u a l l y c o n -
t-rolfl " g r o u n d - " I t e o u l d junf. aw e a a i l y h a v e
Ttpo-rranxifftor Audio Amplifier r o n t r o l l e d t h e " m i n u s " a i d e of t h e b a t t e r y .
H'ig;, s h o w s a two-st.age a u d i o a m p i 1 tier.
T h i s in a p p r o x i m a t e l y t h e f r o n t e n d o f t h e c o m -
posite circuit s h o w n in Fig. N o t e that the Class B Amplifier
two stages are essentially alike; in both rases F i g , *J-2 axhoWH t w o IranHiHt^irs o p e r a t i n g i u
t h e t r a n s i s t o r s a m b i a s e d a s discui&eri i n P a r t 7 ,
C l a s s H p u a h - p u l l . T h e m o s t o h v i o i m ilifference
T h a t is, a s i n g l e b a t t e r y ( i n thin r a s e , 0 v o l t a ) i s
b e t w e e n this I'ireuit a n d all u t h e m w e h a v e
u s e d , a n d r e s i s t o r * Itt a n d f£\ f o r t h e first s t a g e ,
W i i - t e d is t h a t t m n s f o r m e r H are uwnl to e o n p l e
a n d M s a n d It» for the s e c o n d s t a g e f o r m a the a c s i g n a l f r o m o n e aia®e to a n o t h e r . A n o t h e r
v o l t a g e d i v i d e r for the b a s e voltage. d i f f e r e n c e whii-h o n n be s e e n i n t h i s c i r c u i t i s
* Director, h! V X Operation*, Automatic Electric l * b o r * - t h a t Hie transistors are a p p a r e n t l y b e i n g oper-
tfiriM, NortiilAke, 111. HU1S4 Thfa nen** rcprintM ated in " p a r a l l e l " t h a t is, f r o m t h e s n m c i n -
from JWfpftditf M H r o o k h i U Cubliah- p u t s i g n a l — r a t h e r t h a n i n " s e r i e a / * i»r fiu^-rule.
\t\R Company, When ton > lllinot* 6OJS7
T h i s is t r u e , w i t h t h e e x c e p t i o n t h a t t h e y a r c
e o n n e e t e d i n r e v e r s e i ' i x v , o i i e is a m i r r o r i m a g e
of t h e o t h e r i. A n d herisin l i e s t h e b e a u t y o f (.-laus
? S o m e praetica/ oucfio-amp/ifier eir- J IV T h e s e transistors an? biased so that in the
C c u i f s a n d a ///p-//op a » s f s c Z z e d / r o m / a b ^ e n e e uf a n a e s i g n a l n e i t h e r t r a n s i s t o r i s
( the Mtandpoint of overall circuit oper- c oin d u r t i n g . ( K e c a l l f n » m P a r t 7 h o w w e n o r m a l l y
> atfon. v biased a t r a n s i s t o r h a l f - w a y u p t h e load line,
S o t h a t t h e t r a n s i s t o r w o u l d b e t u r n e d m i if

28 QST for
 Rg. 9-1—Circuit for two-stag* audio amplifier.
forced in one direction, and turned off if forced
in the other direction. Also rrtcall from Part 8
that the }>ower dissipation at this point, midway
up the load line, was greater than at any other
point on the load line.)
As an ac signal is received at this stage, one
transistor conducts for one half of the eyrie, and
the other transistor conducts for the other half
or the cycle. That is, on the positive swing the
ac signal J» transmitted from the primary of
transformer T\ to the top half of the secondary
of transformer T\f where it appear* as u negative
swing which cauRe* transistor y x to conduct.
The bottom half of this sewndary cannot con-
duct, since, being positive at tbis instant* it is
pushing (ujaimt transistor 4*1f and this it* eeweu-
tially a diode facing the wrong direction. Tran-
sistor Qx ainplifie» this Eialf of the cycle, and
sends the signal to the top half of the primary
of transformer 7V Thus, this top half is actually
the load of transistor The ac signal is then
coupled to the wcuruiary of thn transformer, and
thus energizes a loud Speaker.
On the other half of the ac signal the bottom
half of the tfocumlary of transformer 'A is
utilized, and the signal is amplified in transistor
Qi* This amplified ac signal then appeam across
Fig* Circuit with two transistors operating in Class B
or push-pull.
July 1970
the Ittttom half of the primary of tranKformer
Ttf and again is coupled to the secondary of
transformer T+7 and thus to the loud speaker.
Thus each transistor is utilised uuly half the
time, and when uo signal is being received in
the circuit neither transistor in conducting at nil.
Such a configuration is normally used in audio
output or power amplifier stages. Not only does
it. wave j»owerp but it cuts down uu the heat In:-
ing developed.
These transistors are biased almost to cutoff
by mlenting resihtors V?u, /ifa, and //17 to quite
suudL Thus any ac signal arriving at the circuit
will drive the operating point up the load line
for the ]»articular half cycle.
Fig- shows a modified composite of Fig*.
!M ami H-i Tbis is an actual operating circuit,
taken from the U.K. transistor riuuiuuL We
should perhaps discuss sevend of the differences
betwten thin cirmiit ami the circuit* uf Figs. 9-1
and MI. It should be pointed out that none of
the differences \imporrant though they may be J
are of a ba»t0 nature. For instance, note that
the negative hide of I he iMrolt liattery is ground-
ed, rather than the punitive- *id«. This is simply
a matter of concept, and should not ram** undue
alarm.
NVita also that capacitors (U and C% are not
connected across the emitter resistors directly,
but rather am connected acnias the ivsistor plus
the battery. This again in a small matter.
Fig. 1M showed the load of transistor Qn to
lie a simple resistor. Actually, as seen in Fig, \Kit
the load i* the primary of transformer TV
This transformer mmd he wound with the projier
d.c. m<istam:e, since this aud the input character-
istics of the (.'lass 14 stage determine lhe load
line for transktor Q«,
The tiiie additional different* in the biasing of
the transistors i« the use of resistors #7* tt\i* and
Km. These aw all nwrl to provide additional
stability* and unfortunately their presence makes
quantitative circuit analysis more difficult.
There will always blight modifications to
transistor circuits An engineer is never satisfied
with his circuit, and every peraoti connected
with laboratory management know* that the
29
RELUCTANCEA
CAHTMDtE \
IJIFUT
UV
Rg* 9-3—A complete audio amplifier circuit using d a n B push-pull transistor output stage.
only way fco get a completprf circuit from an
ttngmerr is to take it away from him! Neverthe-
less, it can he st**n from these brief examples
that rni>st transistor circuits iit*ed to amplify
audio signals employ the same hobic techniques.
In the final analysis, a transistor stage cottsiMtK
of a transistor, au emitter resistor, a collector
resistor, ami two base resistor* forming a voltuge-
divider.
Flip-Flop Circuit
The great similarity between various circuits
in not. b(x.kcitically confined to audio circuits. Ah
we shall see in Hm pillowing example, a transistor
tlip-tlop is derived from, the same basic configura-
tion mentioned above,
Fig, '.M shows two transistors, connected in
exactly the name way, and not interconnected
in any way. Note that each has the emitter
resistor, the collector resistor, and a voltage
divider connected to the base.
Note also that the pmitter resistor is 1/10 of
the collector resistor. Therefore if the transistor
were in saturation the voltage at the emitter
Fig. 9-4—Two transistors connected in same way but not
Interconnected in any way.
30
would be about —1-.5 volts, Kmc* the voltage
across ihe transistor when it is in saturation is
very low, the collector voltage would also be
about —2.5 volte.
If, uii the other hand, the transistor were
•j^mting at cut-off (driven there by means not
*!iowu), the collector voltage would be identical
to the wipply voltage—namely, —35 volte —
since no current is Mowing in the collector
resistor,
Suppose, for a moment, that L were able to
contrn] the voltage at the top end o! resistor
ft*. That is, suppose 1 were able to make this
voltage —25 volte hA one moment, and then at
the next moment awitch this voltage to — 2.5
volts. It ia obvious that when this voltsge is
—125 volts, mure current flows in the voltagp-
divider formud by resistors lit aiul and that
the voltage at the base of transistor Qi would
be more negative, and that the transistor would
operate closer to saturation,
Likewise, when the voltage at thfi top of
re&istor H? is made to be —2.5 volte, very tittle
current flows in the voltage divider, the |K>tential
at the base of transistor Q\ is only slightly nega-
tive, and the transistor conducts only slightly.
If we were to go one step further, and make
the emitter of transistor Q\ a constant
volte (the means of doing this will be discussed
next), then the bane of the transistor would
actually be slightly more positive than the emit-
ter, and the transistor would moat certainly be
cut off.
We accomplish exactly this In the circuit of
Pig. {>-5, Mote that we liave connected the
emitters of the two transistors to the same com-
mon emitter resistor, and that we have taken
the top point of resistor H* and of resistor it$ and
Connected them to tlie collector of the opposite
transistor. N o w let's watch what happens.
QST for
 Suppose transistor Q\ is conducting. If this is
the case, the voltage at the emitter of the
transistor is about —2.5 volts, aud the voltage
at the collector is also about —2.5 volte. Con-
sequently the top of resistor /{* is about —2.5
volts, and the voltage divider consisting of re-
sistors /ft and Rr draws little current. The base
of transistor is therefore at a potential some-
where between ground aud —2,5 volts. Now,
the emitter of transistor Q% is still at a potential
of —2.5 volts, since il is common with transistor
Qi. Thus transistor Qt is cut off.
Since transistor Qs id not conducting, its
collector voltage is —25 volts. Therefore the
top of resistor R% is also at —25 volts, the voltage-
divider consisting of resistors R% and ft* is draw-
ing heavily, aud the base of transistor Qi is
about half-way between ground and —25 volts.
Thus transistor Q\ is truly in saturation.
So we are "flipped;" one transistor is in
saturation and the other is in cutoff.
common emitter resistor.
Suppose, now, that we insert a punitive-going
voltage at the lead labeled INPUT. The sudden
rise of this voltage is sent, through the capacitor,
and arrives at the base of transistor Qi. This
momentarily driven transistor Q\ into cut-off (A
positive-going voltage at the base turns off a pup
transistor). Because this transistor suddenly
turns off, its collector voltage goes from —2.5
volts to —25 volts. This Voltage is received at
resistor ifo, aud the voltage at the base of tran-
sistor (h suddenly goes from about —1 volt to
something more negative Lhan —10 volts. This,
of course, suddenly turns on transistor Qj. As it
goes into saturation, its collector voltage goen
from —25 volte to about -2.5 volts. Thus, the
voltage at the top of resistor fa to —2.5
volts, the fis voltage divider stops drawing
heavy current, and the base of transistor Q\ in
now more nearly — I volt, and the transistor is
biased off. This is a stable situation, even if the
signal on the INPUT lead were very short.
July 1970
So we are "flopped;" the first transistor is in
cutoff, and the second transistor is in saturation.
The collector of the first transistor is at about
—25 volts &ud the collector of the second transis-
tor is at about —2.5 volts.
Note the similarity between this and a relay;
both are either in one condition or another, if a
relay is driving a second relay, the driving con-
tact either lias ground on it (with the contacts
closed) or resistance battery (with the contacts
open, from the succeeding ooil). In the case of the
Hip-flop, the output of a particular transistor is
either —2.5 volts (not very far from ground) or
- 2 5 volts (equal to supply voltage).
So we see that all these circuits are generally
pretty much alike. As mentioned above, engi-
neers will forever make circuit changes, and
improvements, but basically the circuits will
remain.
In Conclusion
Through this series we have slowly studied
the transistor; we have learned of its theory and
construction, its advantages and its short*
comings.
We have used it with do and with ac, and
have learned how to bias it in its own, self-
sufficient circuit. We have seut voice frequency
signals through it, and have amplified these
signals to be sent through another transistor and
amplified again*
We have analysed the mathematics of the
circuitry, and learned to use a Load line.
We have briefly discussed such things as power
dissipation, leakage current, and bypass capa-
citors.
And finally we liave seen how a transistor is
used in an actual operating circuit.
The subject of transistors is only one in the
ever-expanding field of electricity and electronics.
Exotic devices are appearing on the market
every day; new principles are being expounded;
and operating speeds so high that new words
have to be coined are becoming quite common-
place.
Who knows what tomorrow will bring!
Questions:
1. In the circuit of Fig, IW, which plate of car
pacitnr Ct should fw the posiiiiv platet
2. In the circuit of Fig. I'-tf, which plate of ctrpari-
tar should t*e ttf-e positive platet
3. In a pa*fi*p)dl Class B circuit* are bulk transis-
tors in complete saiM ration in the absence of a
signal/
•i. Are fi* c6ncemed ahmt the dc resistance of
transform*** used in transistor amplifiers/
How fast can a flip-flop change states/
6. IVky is a commot^cmiiter resistor usetl in the
jlip-ftopt
7. // a flip-flop is flipped one wag by the insertion
of a positive pulse at the hase of the first transis-
tor, how conld one caulk the circuit to flop/
Can the flip-flop be nstedfor memory/
(Continued *R jump 4&)
31

The total eclipse as seen at Nantucket, Mass-, at
1845 GMT. {WICTB photof
MARCH 7. W70, astrophysicists, scientists
" ind astronomers were afforded an unusual
opportunity to observe and study the effects o f a
total solar eclipse on the earth and its surround-
ings. Since the occurrence of such phenomena is
considered a tarity, it was believed that every
advantage should he taken to conduct additional
experiment* in the field of radio comtnuniyaUons,
From such experiments, we might better under-
stand the mcchanisms Involved, and the influence
of solar activity upon radio communications.
It was this thought that prompted the author to
enlist the aid of cooperative amateur* in establish-
ing an experimental network on the 7-MHz ama-
teur band tor Eclipse Day. The purpose of the net
was to exchange signal reports,and make observa-
tions uf the effects of the eclipse on radio
transmission*,
Fortunately, many o f the observers were located
within <>r close to the RS-miie-wide corridor o f
ellipse totality, reaching from Honda to the
northern tip of Canada* These locations provided
good observation points for making signal compar-
isons between stations along the path and those
outside the corridor. According to the local obser-
vatory, the solar eclipse would begin at dawn in the
Suuth Pacific, and race northeastward at 1500 mph
through Mexico, and on into the Gulf of Mexico.
Entering the United States (see big. 1), the totality
corridor would pass over Tallahassee anc| Jackson-
ville. Honda, on up the eastern swatwvaid past
Savannah, (Georgia, then Charleston, South Caro-
lina, and Norfolk, Virginia, making a straight line
across water to Nantucket Island, just offshore
from Cape Cod, Massachusetts. From here the
eclipse would continue its northerly track, touch-
ing Sydney, Nova Scotia* and Argentiaand Gander,
Newfoundland, thence outwards into the North
Atlantic Ocean, disappearing at dusk.
From what we know of the ionospheric layers
surrounding earth and their influence on radto
communications, it was expected that the eclipse
would provide a disturbance of \ome duration and
magnitude from which we may subsequently draw
* 12 Whitehall Lane, Reading, MA 01K67.
32
Eclipse
Experiment-1970
Instant Ntgbt-rime Conditio
BV R . R . S C H E L L t N B A C H , + WUF
conclusions. The major radio-propagation cffects
from the eclipse were expected to be immediately
indicated by the sensitive D region, because it
provides a high degree of absorption to radio waves
on the frequencies o f interest during daylight
hours. Hopefully, the other layers, h' and possibly
F would, if sufficiently deionized through lack of
volar radiation, yield instant night-time conditions
and make long-path DJC communications possible.
T h e « correlations were borne out in the experi-
mental data obtained during the two hours of
observations on the lower portion o f the 7-MHz
amateur hand at my location.
Wave-Transntissiaii Princi
Before describing the data taken, a review of
significant radio-wave transmission principle!
through the ionosphere should he made, it is
because o f natural effects and their consequences
on radio communication that experiments «ind
further study was deemed worthwhile. A brief
synopsis of wave-transmission principles governing
ionospheric propagation is furnished in order (hat
the reader will have an understanding of sky-wave
propagation, which will be related to our experi-
mental results.
• Hadio reception of frequencies hetween 3 and
30 MHz, at distances greater than local ground
wave, depends entirely on sky waves reflected
by the ionospheric layers.
•There are essentially four layers; />, F\ and
F t , extending respectively from about fifj to
Soo km in height. The layers are formed
through the combined effects o f an exponential
decrease in atmospheric ilensity with height,
tind an exponential increase in electron density
with height, brought about by solar ionization,
•The return to earth of transmitted radio waves
Is caused by the increasing refraction index
provided hy increased electron density with
height. This results in scattering and bending of
the wave through the higher-density layers, a
combination that ultimately provides what is
termed sky-wave reflection.
•The lowest layer, termed the D region, is the
weakest ionized portion of the ionosphere, and
itxist* only during daylight hours- This layer
does not refract or bend HII hf wave hy an
amount sufficient to return the wave to earth-
The Jayer does, however» absorb a large amount
QST for
 of energy contained in the wave. All sky waves
must enter and pass through an existing D
region during daylight hours, and it is for this
reason that sky waves are stronger at night,
after this layer disappears* The region is also
subject to sudden disturbances, such as those
Loused hy solar flares, and, therefore, should
quickly indicate anomalies brought about by a
solar eclipse.
•The F layer is a clearly defined region in the
ionosphere, extending from about 85 to 130
km in height* The layer exists throughout the
night. although the electron density is de-
creased. This layer, like the D region, is notable
in that it, too, will quickly exhibit ionization
change* caused by solar radiation.
• The F layers are the heaviest-ionized region of
the ionosphere. The region has two layers, F\
and F2* The F\ layer extends between 1 SO and
200 km, and usually merges with the P7 layer
after local nightfall. The F2 layer is also highly
ioni7ed, and has boundaries ranging between
250 and 400 km. Its ionization does not change
significantly between night and day. Since this
is the highest foyer with the thinnest atmos- Fig. 1 - Path of eclipse totality, March 7,1970.
phere, the ions and electrons are much slower
in reacting with each other during variations of
solar radiation.
'Antennas capable of low-angle radiation will TO
provide the greatest skip distance when reflec-
M tv
tion occurs predominantly from a specific (0 v> • •

lij **
layer J If u layer such as E or F\ should W so
dissipate or merge into the next higher layer, A
the skip distance would also increase. This is 10
because the incident angle at which the wave 5 a» V
enters the new layer does not change, but the
point of entry only moves upward and out-
ward, increasing the distance from where the
y »
4
2 a iTW
*
•
4
wave was originally reflected. The angle o f wave

incidence closely equals the angle of reflection
from the effective layer back to earth.
(Oblique-incident waves actually follow a slight-
ly curved path through the ionosphere, because
of gradual refraction or bending of its wave
front, so that actual calculations of skip dis-
tance versus incidence angle are only approxi-
mate.)
•Because of the effective layer heights and the
fact that practical antennas do not radiate
efficiently below angles o f about 3 to 5 degrees*
single-hop transmissions cannot be obtained for
distances in excess o f about 2500 miles (4000
km) via the F7 layer, or in excess of about half
that distance (2000 km) via the E layer.
Multiple-hop propagation must occur to obtain
distances greater than 2S00 miles. Even at
somewhat shorter distances* most received sig-
nals usually arrive over a path of two or more
hops. (Refer to Fig. 2.)
The Experiment
For the purpose of the experiment, a horizon-
tally-polarized one-wavelength antenna was used
for both transmission and reception. This antenna,
having four major lobes at 54 degrees from the
ends, was oriented approximately north and south.
The height was adjusted to 1/2 d in order to
produce a vertical pattern with a maxima at 30
degrees and a null at 90 degrees, it was believed
that a moderately-high wave angle would be useful
* See Technical Correspondence, "Antenna
Height Versus Performance/* QSTt June, 1970.
\
m n
n _
I 900 1000 lflOO tOOO 2900
DISTANCE IN MILES
Fig. 2 — Distance plotted against wave angle
(single-hop transmission) for average virtual heights
of the E and F2 layers. (This chart is taken from
the Wave Propagation chapter of The ARRL
Antenna Book.)
in the determination of D-iegion absorption effects
between domestic stations. At the same time, this
wave angle would simplify calculations o f path
hops via the various reflecting layers that may
come into play. Another advantage o f selecting this
wave angle would be to demonstrate multihop
propagation for those distances unsuited for long-
path single-hop transmissions* and to provide
measurements of attenuation unde; conditions o f
two or more hops.
The radiated power during the tests was pro-
vided hy a grounded-grid linear amplifier operating
at 900 watts input. Reception was furnished by a
National HR0500 receiver, which is capable of
providing meaningful signal measurements while
being used in the cw-reception mode.
A continuous log was maintained over the
eclipse period, between 1730 and 2030 GMT,
recording all stations heard or worked over the
lower 25 kHz of the 7-Mhz band. The observation
data taken, i.eM time, eclipse totality position,

July 1970 33
station location, and signal report, is extracted and S» »w» Stf
M rr
compiled in Fig. 3 for stations located along or 4
near the eclipgc corridor. An explanation is in (74
order for the observation data presented. From this ttl04ft
information, the reader may easily sec the degree HMtt.
MI04B
of influence that solar radiation has on our f4
communication media. •MS
At the top of Fig, the four dots denote 4M
focal-eclipse totality times in GMT at primary
observation points, fines intersecting these points
«
b-d
cross over to the right-hand column, in order to •v
coordinate these times with each observed signal 149
report. All signal reports are recorded in S units.
The numerals distributed throughout the vhart
represent signal strengths of stations worked, or, in 10<
the case of a single number, heard. The upper fU P* ate CONN NH ONQCAgM
474 «T0 D 44
numbers of a group represent the strength of the
MUX
received signal, and the lower numbers represent
this stations report at the other locality. Along the Fig. 3 — Observational data centered on Boston,
bottom of the chart is a profile depiction of the Mass., tor the eclipse of March 7f 1970, for 7 MHz.
eastern coastline, indicating both the geographical
D region was gone, and single hop to these stations
location and the straight-line distance between
via the f l a y e r was predominant.
observation points relative to Boston, Massachu-
Then at 1827 GMT, W4BYB (1250 miles* was
setts.
wntacted; his signals were S7 and mine were 88,
Eclipse Correlation indicating that the P region had gone, the E layer
was disappearing, and the mechanism of reflection
A running account of events is given here to was via tiic F layer. Kight minutes later, W8AQ in
show correlation between the solar eclipse, the Akron, Ohio, was heard at S9 since my D region
most probable mechanism of reflection (based on was beginning to diminish rapidly, and propagation
Fig. 2), and significant developments a& they was by two-hop F layer.
occurred chronologically. Observations uf great- Between 1836 GMT and 1854 GMT, an 18-
circle longer-path transmissions and results wilt be minute period, seven European stations were
discussed in stnall detail, since, in the majority of copied with signal strengths between S5 and $7.
instances, they were "heard" reports- (Most of the Locally, the D and H regions had dissipated, and 1
stations were competing in the R3GB British was receiving them hy two hops off the F layer
Empire Radio Union cw contest scheduled for that over the great-circle path. At the moment of
same weekend.) totality nearest my location, W4BYB {1250 miles)
The first station contacted was W3ST at 1726 was again contacted, his signals were still S7 and
GMT, who was 270 miles SSWof my Location. His mine S8. The mechanism of propagation was
signal strength was S7 to S9 and mine was S9 obviously two-hop off the F layer, with steady
through the ionized D region* with reflection most signals at both end*. At 1857 GMT, I contacted
likely occurring off the £ layer.2 Next a* 1758 F6AJM (2200 miles); his signals were S6 and mine
GMT, VE2B1M (310 miles) was copied at S3, and a were S5, Since totality had occurred near me at
few minutes later, W2YM <150 miles) was con- 1846, my signals were not being attenuated at this
tacted. His signals were S9 + 10 dB and mine were end of the path through the D or F layer, but
S9 + 40 dB, both signals via the D region and single propagated over the g*eat-circle route from the F
hop off the E layer. At IK14 GMT, W4TA (465 layer.a
miles) was contacted, fifteen minutes prior to his Agiin at I9UJ GMT. W4BVB was contacted
totality. His signals were S7 and mine were S8, This time his signal strength had dropped by 15 dB
indicating the D region was beginning to dissipate to only 34, and mine by 5 dB to S7. ft became
and communication was via two hops ooff the E obvious that the lower D and E layers had begun to
layer. Ten minutes later, at 1825 GMT, W2YM was affect the southern path again, even though the
heard (150 miles) at S8 to S9 with fading, and skip was most likely still off the F layer using two
K2DNW (270 miles) Was contacted: his signals hops. A few minutes later at 1906 GMT, K4IX in
were S9 and ftrine were the same. At this time, the Norfolk, Virginia (471 miles) was contacted. His
2 fiSSA propagation prediction forecasts for signals were S6 and mine were S7. There was no
undisturbed or normal conditions for the period of doubt now that the lower regions had reionized
the eclipse indicate that, at wave angles above from
IS to J » degrees, depending on the enact time and and our xkip was a single hop otT the F layer. Even
on the. direction from the author's location, 7-MH2 at 1914 GMT when K2DNW was again contacted,
signals* Would penetrate, rather than reflect from,
the H layer. Trie reason is that the layer would be his signals had dropped somewhat and mine were
insufficiently ionized to bend the wave at a sharp fading between S6 and S9. The f l a y e r between us
enough anfoe to return the signals to earth. Thus,
for distances less than from 2K0 to 400 miles, was unstable, although supporting the reflection to
according tp the forecast, hf communications
would be conducted primarily via on^-hop /•'-layer earth.
signals, at relatively high wave angles. However, the (Continued nn paste 49)
ttccumnce of unusual solar activity on the eclipse
date would tend to increase the ionization inten- 3 Intermediate bopping of sigr between the E
sity at the lower layers, making the forecasts not and the F layers could also have been occurring. ~
totally reliable. — Editor. Fditor

34 QST for
 The Solid-State Receiver
Design Problems and their Solutions ft>r High Performance

BY WILLIAM SABINP* W0IYH

HE day of the high-performance hf solid- and second mixers to an absolute minimum to

T state jrecoiver lias arrived. There an? enough

examples now in the realm of military and
commercial hardware to justify this conclusion.
Itecent advances in semiconductor devices arid
circuit and ays tern design techniques have made
it possible. We will discuss some of these tech-
niques as they would apply to an amateur band
receiver of medium vwU We frill tint] that
advanced performance is achieved only through
meticulous engineering and careful measurement*.
Performance
This article will not try to philosophize on all
of the complex problems and tradeoffs which the
receiver designer face*, Kathor, wc ure interested
ill developing, as an example, one specific
rationale for a competition-grade" receiver,
suitable for the most demanding amateur appli-
cations. We will concentrate on such thing* us
sensitivity, selectivity, distortion, noise and
spurious responses. We will not achieve- the cur-
rent state of the art in any of these departments,
because of problems of cost and complexity. We
will In*, well ahead of the currently popular
vacuum-tube techniques, however, in most
respects.
Fig, L shows that the receiver is basically a
triple-conversion superhet. A careful study uf the
gain, signal levels, noise figures and bam I widths
shown in this diagram will provide considerable
insight regarding the system design uf a receiver,
where we put together basic circuits to achiove
art etui result.
The Firmt Mixer
The first mixer (Fig. 2) is a balanced, junction
FIlST circuit. Its noise figure is 3 dB. This number
is degraded to 4 dli by all of the circuitry follow-
ing thefirst,mixer. Ahead of this mixer is a triple-
tuned, high-Q filler which is connected to the
antenna. There is no rf amplifier stage- The injec-
tion for the first mixer is crystal controlled.
What we are up to is this: I ) Build a very quiet
mixer, which will handle big signal* without
overloading. X) Keep the gain between the first
• CoUldb Kadio tympany, C«iar R*pi<Jft» low**
reduce overloading of the second mixer. U)
Make tlie loss in the antenna titter as laiw h* we
w u tolerate in order to: a ) Improve selectivity
and b) minimize the amplitude of all undesired
signals, even un closely-^adjacent frequencies,
1) Put all of the signal-frequency selectivity
ahead of the first icon due tor device. This
gives us a tremendous immunity to nearby
transmitters on other hands. We will now
expand and explain these arguments.
The 2N44I6 junction FIST satisfies part one.
We select a matched pair luiving a high pinch-off
voltage. The high pinch-off units will handle
bigger signals. It is importaut that the lowest-
noise- FKTb l>e used. At the present time, the
unction FEC is indicated.
Injection-Source Noise
In order to achieve the low noise figure it is
alwdlutely eraeutial to minimize the noise which
comes from the injection •*.»<( rce. The crystal
oscillator and butter amplitier are carefully
designed (see Appendix) to maximize voltagc-
tn-noisw ratio. In addition to this, we find that
the use of a carefully-balanced mixer reduces the
influence of this noise by 25 <113, By this we
mean that the injectinu-noisc component* n o
cur ring at the signal, i-f uud image frequencies
(these produce the loss uf sensitivity) tend to be
cancelled at the output., A calculation shows that
if we assume a 2.5-voLt injection, a 12-kHz band-
width and 25 dB of balance, then a L'.5-dB noise
figure will be degraded only to 3 dB if each uf
these noise components is below one microvolt.
Fig. \i shows a typical tioiso spectrum of au injec-
tion uscUlatorsunplifier circuit.
T o satisfy part two, we adjust the network
between tho first- and second mixers so that fhe
Mgnal at the gate of the second mixer is about
twice that at the gate of the first mixer. Inspec-
tion of Fig. 1 shows that this value of gain
degrades t*lie tioihu figure at the first mixer by 1
dB. A smaller gain will make it difficult to
achieve the desired receiver noise figure. larger
gain will increase the tendency for signals on
adjacent cliannels to overdrive the second mixer.

Although the more obvious features of receiver design — gain, noise figuref
adjacent-channel'selectivity, and so on — are reasonably familiar to most ama-
teurs, there are some subtler aspects that aren rt so well known. Because of them,
one receiver maybe an outstanding performer while another, superficially equiv-
alent may be mediocre,

July 1970 35
 PSdBGAW
CUMULATIVE
NOISE PKURe
ISOOA/SSjuV kdBh a&fcy
k-3000il 50 kKE
FILTER H=
139ffWHx PftEAMR
SSB MMIX 1-2M44M
CW ,4kHX
HS555 !**2K4416 NF«LSd8 BALANCED
^SIGNAL LEVEL BALANCED PET MIXER
AT AOC 25VWK-W MIXER P^TUMBP &SV-H
THRESHOU> 2-2H4416
FET
XTAL VFO BUFFER 2rP0LE
OSC.+ 2H44I6 3H3866 FILTER
SUFFER rer
frtf-ASff BMbttOkHi
WHr

BW RP A6C
SSB 2.5 KHz LSwV AuCRECC AfiC +-0WKJ5AT
| CW 400 HZ AGC ASC £ RLTER DRIVER A6C THRESHOLD
AMS AMR 1-IN30M 1-2M44M
bw StHSBS 2N17 If
X-2H9SA
460 Hz 1-2H2905A threshold
y i 3.5 KH* atop)/
rfgain:

AGO

c
150«V 4VMAX TOTAL
i-e r " / D e i D R tITlC
l O N 300-3000 Hz

^Lr
AMP. AUDIO
AMB
A S C O — 2-9N056 PRODUCT AF 3-2M9S6 500iL
DET. 1-ZK17JI PKOKGS

tlETl ASCO— 2 WATTS MAX

'Sjf DISTORTION
BFO SPEAKER
Fig, Block diagram of Hia receiver discussed, showing 1-2K966 AMP
gain and noise-figure distribution. Nats* figures are shown t*2NI7ll PA-237
for remainder of receiver to light of arrow, IC

TJU FILAR
Fig. 2—First-mixer circuit, showing FERWTE
WOUNO
the balancing transformers at input
and output. Li, Ci and Cs form the
input tank circuit tuned to the signal
frequency. Is, C* and C« are
output tank circuit tuned to
intermediate frequency.
+200 Rg, 4—Three-pole minimum-loss bandpass filter suitable
FREQUENCE CHANGE IN KHz
Fig. 3—In|ectlorvvoltage noise spectrum. This is a stralghN
line approximation of noise density per Hz vu frequency
change.
Antenna Filter
Fig, 4 is a schematic of the antenna filter. It is
a triple-tuned* bottom-coupled array using
high-Q toroid inductors and i» known as a
minimum-tost, or Cohn, filter.1 When properly
designed, this filter lwx th« property that for
a specified number of tuned circuit**, unloaded
1'uil Q, and filter noise figure (tiee Appendix) it
will provide the beat. possible rejection outride
it* pamband. In our application the output Ik
unloaded because of the lugh impedanne of the
mixer input. This muses the selectivity to be
improved a little. Basically, the Colin filter in a
bandpass filter derived from a low-past* prototype
having equal elements.
One of the tradeoffs in between filter noise
figure and selectivity. Pig. ft compares a 4-dB,
filter with a i-dB filter. We see that if we can
afford to let the receiver noise figure be 8 dB (by
uaiiig a 4-dB filter) rather than & dB (by using
a 1-dB filter) a large improvement in selectivity
can be obtained. Moreover, the additional filter
loss reduces the level of all undesired signals at
the gates of the front^end mixer?. So, we are also
trading between sensitivity and signal-handling
capability.
1 Colin,8. B* uDi*mpatiori Loew in Coupled Reomiator
Kiltwi," Proc* IRE. August, 1050, pp. 1342-1H4A.
July 1970
+20V
Jor narrow-band frequency coverage The ratio of Ci to
Ci should b e adjusted for proper coupling to the antenna.
The ratio of Ca to Cc provides the desired
output impedance.
With respect to these tradeoffs the following
opinions can be stated: Extensive personal
observations lead me to believe that an 8-dB
noise figure in adequate for sky-wave DXing
below 30 MHz nearly all the time. Occasionally
we may find very quiet conditions at certain beam
headings which might justify a 5-dB noise figure.
Man-made noise mn modify these conclusions,
of crmrwe. Also, the proliferation of high-power
transmitters and high-gain antennas (hoth
transmitting and receiving) in the high-frequency
spectrum makes interference immunity very
important, indeed, at the receiver. For these
reasons we will go with the 8-dB receiver noise
figure and we will perhaps switch in a low-noise
C^dH low-gain (frdB) preamp to take
rare of the marginal situations, with the under-
standing that the large-signal handling ability of
the receiver will he impaired. (Hoe Appendix J
Firgt-MixBr Coupling
We wish to continue our discussion of the first
mixer by considering the voltage step-up, or
transformation, between the antenna and the
gate of the first mixer. Fig. 6A shows how the
mixer sensitivity varies with the impedance
which the gate sees. We see that there is an
optimum value. Now, the mixer gate can handle
a signal level nf about 0,8 volt; beyond this level.
37
Kg. 5—Attenuation v*. percentage change of
frequency of a 3-pole minimum-loss filter. Un-
loaded resonator Q =• 200, Curves shown
compare a filter having 1 dB loss at the center
frequency with one having 4 dB loss, with no
load on the output side of the filters.
| Antenna, z*so&
{ Ftt£esto$s*4db
500 1000 1500 2000 2BO0 3000 3500
GATE SOURCE IMPEDANCE, OH US
Fig. Noise figure and maximum allowable antenna
voltage, for the first mixer only, as a function of got*
source Impedance. The dashed line Indicates the value of
impedance actually used.
<TOSS modulation artel desensitization increase
rapidly. This maximum voltage at the gate
transforms to some value of maximum antenna
voltage, as Kig. I *hows. Fig. fiB ghows how
this maximum allowablo antenna voltage in-
creases as we move the gate to a lower-impedance
tap on the filter. We will assume a fixed value of
filter noise figure in order to meet selectivity
requirement*. Comparing ft_\ and t>B we see
that our 1500-ohm impedance is below that for
optimum sensitivity iri order to improve signal-
handling ability.
When the signal at tJie sate is at its maximum
value we must consider what's going on at the
drain of the mixer, fn the first place, if the signal
at the drain ia larger than ahouL 6 or 7 volU rma
severe cross modulation occurs due to drain
nonlinearity. This means that if the load im-
pedance is too large the drain becomes over-
loaded prior to Rate overload. If we have a con-
vention Iranaoonductanre "f 1000 pmhos then
the maximum allowable drain load i*
38
^ * ^
PERCENT FREQUENCE CHANGE
-0 +
RELATIVE OEVI/mON FROM CENTER FRBQUEKC/
Fig, 7—Mixer drain load impedance vs. frequency. In
both curves the drain circuit It tuned to the center fre-
quency, but in A the coupling it such that an undesired
signal sees a load impedance which may be too high,
causing overload. The curve which droops off uniformly
from center, Bff is more desirable*
The higher the Ir&nsounductance tbe smaller the
maximum drain load, in addition, it Ls necessary
to &ue how thin impedance varies with frequency.
Curve *1 in Fig. 7 shows an undesirable situation.
AH the frequency of the large urulesircd *ignal
moves away from center, the load impedance
gete larger and overload occurs. The impedance
characteristic shown by curvr R is more desir-
able.
Finally we consider a phenomenon called noise
modulation, liefer to the injection noise spectrum
of Kin* & The noise density drops rapidly until
the klnoise shelf" is reached. Suppose a strung,
utf-frcquency signal is arriving at the gate. Thin
signal actually assume* the rule of an inaction
voltage which mixes with the noise from the
injection, say at frequency A in Fig, 3t to produce
a mixer output at the i-f frequency which is
essentially a noise-type signal. This effect drops
off rapidly and one of our design objectives is to
QST for
 tOkXL
ZL AKTENHA IfrMIX 2r»MUC 3W«JX PMpUCTKT.
SUOtLm OATS OATS GATE GATE

Fig. 1 0 — P l o t o f g a i n distribution showing h o w t h e a u t o -

m a t i c g a i n control restricts s i g n a l l e v e l s t o o p t i m u m v a l u e s
at various stages in the receiver. The a g e compresrion

Rg» fl—Ar f i l t s r c o u p l e d t o d r a i n ; B, h o w t h # l o a d i k n p e d -
t n c r M s m outside the p r o b a n d o f the crystal

SECOND
MIXER IKTERSBUSE
NETWORK
1 vj

AGC

Fig. 9 — A n impedance-inverting network. A , improves the Fig. 1 1 — A 5 0 - k H z i - f a m p l i f i e r s t a g e showing tfie a g e

mixer l o a d characteristic as thdwn b y the I m p e d a n c e vs. c i r c u i t r y . G a i n r e d u c t i o n o f 2 0 d B is o b t a i n e d w i t h 8 v o l t s
f r e q u e n c y c u r v e , B. of age.

make the slope in Pig. 3 as steep as pimstble. I t means that a strong adjacent-channel signal will
turns out that, for "close-in" signal* noise overload the second mixer. If the signal is more
modulation in usually the dominant, interference thau 25 kHz away the first mixer will overload
si itee it usually occurs at lower levels than cross first. The two-poln filter "prntert*" the second
modulation or blocking. Also, the use uf a bal- mixer to a large extent.
anced mixer does not improve this situation. The The PET VKO is very quiet, as is the buffer
effect can ho minimized by keeping the gain amplifier. A double-tuned transformer, 200 kHz
ahead of thy mixer Kates as low a* possible. In ail wide, attenuates noise at the Hignal, i-f, and image
of this discussion we assume that broad-band frequencies to such a low level that a balanced
noise from the interfering transmitter is not the mixer is not required for Low noise figure.2
limiting factor. This may not always bo true, of We consider now the drain of the secund mixer
course. Further notes on uoise modulation are (see Pig. SA). There is a problem with the crystal
in the Appendix, filter. Inside the passband its input impedance is
10,000 ohms but outside the passband it becomes
The Second Mixmr very high. The l-esidt is that the drain of the F f i T
sees a larger impedance outside the passband (see
Having dealt with the first mixer at consider- Fig. 8B). We have seen that tliis is undesirable.
able length we can now cover the second mixer The solution (Fig. » A ) is to insert a network
more rapidly. The double-tuned filter is tracked which makes the impedance characteristic look
with the VKO and is razor sharp. We have said like Fig, BB. The coupling between, the two
that the voltage step-up from thefirst-mixergate * Ifc in nut always practical to "clean up " with selectivity.
to the second-mixer gate is about, twice. This Our tint mixer it an example.

July 1970
halves of the timed transformer must be less especially in cw, it is desirable to augment the
than critical. filters with additional selectivity, We can also
The crystal filter should have at* low aii inser- improve the overall "shape factor" in case the
tion loss as possible so that the fronts-end gain, filters are not really guud in this respect. In cwt
even though it is very small, will deliver enough using age, an ultimate attenuation of at least 100
signal to the i-f to completely swamp out the i-f dB is desirable.
noise level* Why not use audio selectivity to augment the
crystal filter? In the first place, the i-f selectivity
PaMMiTB-Elmmmnt Nonlinvaritj' cleans up the audio signal and noise which are
One final note about the front eticL It is very on the image side of the desired signal (the prod-
important to check the Biters arid tuned circuits uct detector delivers both of these as undesired
used in a receiver front end for intermodulation outputs)* Secondly, with i-f selectivity, as we tune
and cross modulation caused by nonlinearities away from a strong signal the age drops off
in the iron or ferrite materials. The author has more quickly, restoring full sensitivity. Third,
been astounded more than otice to find that the i-f selectivity reduces the accumulation of
receiver linearity was being limited by innocent- noise at the product detector and age detector;
looking cores rather than by semiconductors. certain types of minor problems can result from
Flux levels should be kept well below the point this. Audio selectivity is clearly unable to do any
where Maturation effects begin to appear. of these things.?
Finally, it is desirable to get the required i-f
Tkm I-F Amplifier gain at two different frequencies, for stability
The crystal filter has either a 0,4-fcHz band- reasons (see Fig. 1).
width for cw or 2.1 kHs for ssb. A six-pole, steep-
sided filter is used* We wanted to do the best Automatic Gain Control
possible job of eliminating undesired We will consider briefly one of the sore spots in
from the circuitry following the filter. Automatic receiver design: the age. Over the years a lot of
gain control will then prevent overloading any strange-looking transistor age circuitry has ap-
of this circuitry. In cw especially, the narrow peared, to replace the very simple remote-cutoff
filter close to the antenna helps to clean up pentode that we remember so welL However,
signals which are only a couple of kHz away. when you start talking about a high-quality
We have mentioned that the crystal filters mb/cw receiver, it seems that you invariably
should have low loss. It is also important that find yourself looking for something better.
the i-f amplifier should be very quiet An FET These are some of the requirements:
preamp having a 1.5-dB noise figure follows the 1) The desired signal must be controlled ac-
filter. Moreover, we go to a lot of trouble and curately. That is, the signal level at each point
expense to make the noise bandwidth of the i-f most be well defined, regardless of input ampli-
chain only slightly wider than the crystal filters. tude, so that none of the stages will become
This costly, deluxe approach requires some ex- overdriven and the distortion and audio rise
planation. will be within the desired limits. This accuracy
The overall receiver gain has to be a certain must be maintained over a reasonable tempera-
amount so that a weak signal will rattle the ture range; some age circuits are too temperature
headphones. (See Fig. t). We have made the sensitive. Also, an audio level Increase of 0
front-end gain as small as possible to squeeze dB (from 1 MV to 0.1 volt antenna signal J is
out the last drop of interference immunity. This desirable for a ham receiver and should be
means that a large amount of i-f/af gain is re- designed into the age circuit. Fig. 10 shows the
quired. Even though we make the audio amplifier signal-level distribution at i-f-agc threshold,
as quiet as possible we at-ill need a lot of i-f rf-agc threshold, and for 0. t volt (00 dB over S'J).
amplification. If the i-f is nut quiet (meaning low 2) The front-end age must not degrade the
noise figure and narrow bandwidth) then we will interference immunity to such an extent that the
need to increase the front-end gam (thereby desired signal is degraded by cross modulation, etc.
degrading it* performance) in order to override 3) The transient response (in ssb/cw there is
sufficiently the i-f noise level. This problem is no steady state, really) must be extremely good*
especially serious in cw because the narrow-band Several factors contribute to good transient
noise coming through the filter is less able tn response.
compete with a broad, noisy i-f. The result is a a) The curve of age level versus decibels of
high K'hiss" level and poor sensitivity. gain reduction should be fairly linear. Otherwise
We can also justify the narrow-band i-f on other the age loop gain can vary erratically, making
grounds. Although the crystal filters are domi- transient stability very difficult. Bipolar and FIST
nant in determining i-f frequency response they transistor biasing schemes are often poor in this
are often not quite good enough in a receiver renpect. .\mplitude-modulation receivers are
because their response below the 60- or 70-dB not so critical
level may become erratic and uncertain due to b) All age controls should act in unison, unless
stray leakage, humps in the stop-band response we need to deliberately speed up in certain places
and "bottoming out." Because the tremendous
amount of gain compression due to ago action used. Audio fvefortiivtty haa JU legitimate place, when property
But, by LtaeLI ia not adequate in our "competition11
make* these imperfections more prominent, reoelver.

40 QST for
 FERRITE MIXER
Fig. 12—Automatic gain control applied between an
FET mixer gate aid its input network. The operating biw
of the mixer » held at its optimum value. The voltage and
Impedance levels are sudi that the FET generate* distortion
before distortion occurs in the diodes, or In the ferrite core.
+20V
w £
100 mH
r
nrm. AptF
150 w V AUDIO
»\0pF j^MfyiF
10 wH
50-KHzTRAP
Fig. 13—W-odutt detedor circuit, with trap and filtering
for 50-kHx I-f signal. See text for performance data.
to improve stability. Otherwise a sadden input
signal can seriously upset the gain distribution
during transient periods.
c) If some element, such as a crystal filter,
introduces a time delay in the signal path a poten-
tial stability problem exists which we must cor-
rect.
The best age arrangement the author has seen
so far is illustrated in Figs. IX and 12. In,Fig. 11
a 50-kHz i-f amplifier stage is shown: The bi-
polar transition* are biased at their most linear
point and they remain there. The diode is a low-
frequency rectifier type having a high charge
storage characteristic. 'Hie Motorola MK990
contains four junctions in series tu one package.
When we forward-bias the diode it acts just like
an attenuator. To minimize distortion effects, the
signal level across the diodes should he limited
to about 130 milii-volta PEV (peak-envelope
voltage) per diode junction.
Fig. 12 shown a frontrend mixer with age
added. The diode is at a 100-ohm impedance level
and a ferrite transformer changes this to the
1500-ohzn level that the mixer gate requires.
July 1970
soon _
HEADPHONES
Fig. I 4—Head phone driver following the product de-
tector of Fig. 13. This circuit has extremely low distortion,
low output impedance for damping of dynamic head-
phones, and accurately-controlled frequency response
(300-3000 Hz), An Integrated-drcult package con be used
for similar performance. For example, consider o Falrdtid
M A7161C
t
w
r A0kfX
AUDIO MIXER } 1500X1
our DRAIN /output I
[RESISTANCE I O
X 1
I
USSLES* NETWORK
Rq. 15—Lossless network having the same input and out-
put resistances as the 2-pole filter in Rg. 1. The output
voltage h 3 dB higher thai that of the 2-pole filter; thus
the Ion of the filter h 3 d8.
The amount of detuiiing of the tuned circuit by
the diode attenuator is quite small. The trans-
former design is optimised for the appropriate
frequency range and is changed from band to
baud*
Detector and Audio
A single FET product detector is used. The
circuit is shown in Fig. 13. Careful filtering of the
50-klIi injection voltage from tiie drain circuit
i* necessary to prevent nonlinearity due to ex-
cessive drain-voltage exclusions. It was found
that for a two-tone signal at the gate, 30 milli-
volts per tone, third-order intermodulation
products were lesti than —50 dB, the second liar-
monic was less than - 5 0 dB, and the second-
order difference product was —38 dB. This last
item is not to important in our receiver because
it i* much smaller than the acoustical beats
generated by the headphones.
It is seen in Fig. 13 that a considerable amount
of audio amplification takes place in the product
detector. This audio output drives a feedback
amplifier having low distortion (less than 1 per-
cent) and a controlled frequency response (300
41

•Bfr ••!• 'i—r—!• i r —i—i—r-T—r
-att-WMM-mMM-4M-M 0 4M4W4»O4WO-tt50«flK3OO
FREQUHMCV IK KHz
Fig. 16—Antenna input voltag* for — 10 dB oron modula-
tion at 14 MHz, The curve appBes under the following
conditions* I] voltage is open-circuit antenna Jtgnal, 2)
receiver noise figure b 8 dB, 3) deiired itgnal Is 5
4) no fronNend ag<^ 5) noise modulation effects are not
included, 6) crass modulation occurs prior to desen*
sitlzatlon.
to 3000 Hz at - 1 dJB), The overall audio, includ-
ing the product detector, has a 12-dB per nrtavft
roll-off rate. See Fig. 14. Kor loudspeaker opera-
tion, an integrated-circuit power amplifier, a GE
type PA-U37, is used.
Poirer Supply
A single supply voltage, f 20 at about 300
niA, is required for everything but the spuaker
amplifier. This Kupply is a very well regulated
circuit having a carefully-minimized ripple and
noise output, iteetiiier diode noise is suppressed.
As a result, all signal path circuits are free of
hum and ripple-frequency sidebands to a remark-
able degree. The receiver may be operated MIL
headphones using a fieavy-duty 22-volt battery.
The speaker amplifier and its own unregulated
supply are built into the speaker cabinet.
Conclusion
The receiver described here in broad outline
haa been developed as a breadboard assembly in
my spare time uvcr a two-year interval, under
laboratory conditions. I have tried to touch bane
on a few of the design considerations with the
realization that none of them can receive all the
i letailed attention it deserves in such a brief space.
Rather, it is hoped that future efforts by the
author (and hopefully by the reader* 1> will ap-
pear in print to help answer the many unan-
swered questions.
One final comment: The receiver described
in this article is purely a hobby project and is not.
related in any way, directly or indirectly, with
any Company product, past, present or future.
42
Appendix
The following misreQaueous data in presented to
augment the previous discussion.
11 Noiw Fipure of the Antenna Fitirr
Refer to Fig. 1. We disconnect, the three-pole filter
from the antenna. W e look back into the antenna
and see a 1-microvolt, open circuit signal and a
50-ohro resistance. Now recunnec-t. the filter. The
K R T mixer gate input resistance is very high below
30 M H z and does nut load down the output oi the
three-pole filter, hi the -voltage measured at this
point in tlie opeu-circuit output voltage* The
resistance Looking hack into the filter in 1500 ohms.-
Tlie iiujVe figure of the filter in:
A'MOB) = 10 logic - ^ p -L 1 I ~- 4 dB
A'i'J
(Kq- «J
ttquation 2 Is seen to be the ratio of the power avail"
ahle from the antenna to the power available from
the filter, which is numerically the same ax its nniije
figure.
2) .Ymta Figure <*f Ikv faterrtaar Fitter
T h * iraBuoing of section 1 presents nome difficulty
in calculating tlie uoise figure of the two-pole filter.
The input impedance of this filter determine^ the
gain nf the first mixer. So this input impcdance
helonjpj to the mixer circuit and the hlter should
he evaluated independently of it. Pig. 15 illustrates
a Inmlew network which has the same input and
output impedance as the actual filter. The output
voltage of this network in i*een to he 3 dB greater
than that indicated in Fig. 1. Therefore, the filter
has 3-dB loss. Its noise figure ia A dB.
31 Design vf th* WimmuneAnlrnnx Filter
W e cannut do justice to this i-omplex subject here,
hut a few simple formulas will improve the under-
standing. Refer to Kig, 4. Detuie a number r such
that
, fdB) -Ci
where n i« the number of tuned cirniits (3). Kach
tuned circuit, measured alone (not connected to any
other r i m i i t ) has a Q which we <rall All three
tuned circuit* are attainted tr> have the ttuiiie
The coefficient of roupling k between roils* as deter-
mined by M in Fig. 4 is
k = - • (ticf- 4)
Ttie input resonator is nternally loaded by the
antenna. The ratio of Qj t (loaded Q) to is
0L ^ r
(Kq. &J
Qn m 1+ *
Qh is the Q of the first resonator when it is loaded
hy the antenna and hy itself, but not by the rest of
the filter. The r&paritor divider C\V% is adjusted to
provide this loading (aee AKRl* HaruOwnkh
The divider t W i i» adjusted to provide the desired
output resistance, ft.- The output resonator, of
course, is not loaded by the mixer.
4) Tiro-rote Tracked FtiU-r
The design method nf the previous section requires
that Equation A he witihfiecL Because of the high
output reaibtance of the mixer aiul t^e.stmultaneous
need for a certain Alter input resistance (S500 ohmtil,
this i m n o t he done unless we put a resistor arrow
the first circuit. TrefenibLv, this filter should be
QST for
treated aa a conventional double-tuned transformer
with a kQ product of about (1.4, an discumed in
Chapter 2 of the A K l t L Handtw>k. In thin cam*, the
response will he sharper ami more rounded on top
(and more difficult to track).
In either ca*e, the input and output are tapped to
provide the desired input and output resistance,
5) Cumulaliflft Xtrine Fiourt
T h e formula for the noue figure nf cascaded net-
works in well known. However, if the noiue band-
width Yftcrratf** along the Line, the formula must he
modified,
where B\ in the noise bandwidth which the Hret stage
peew and rtz is the noine bandwidth which the second
wtage «ees. Ordinarily B j and B* are the same, but
if not, we ms» that the overall noise figure can become
very poor. Au example is a vw filter working into
a bruad-band i-f/audio amplifier.
ft) OsciUafnr
JuHt a few pausing remarks on the subject. In order
to make the noise spectrum (Kig, \\) drop off quickly,
it IK desirable to iisa a very liifcli-(.\ oscillator
tank. Transistors hhould be biased in such a way
that their internal noiae i* minimized and their
signal-handling ability M maximized* Amplifier
stage* should "noise matched." T h e ae voltago
levels bhonid be kept aa large a* possible without
overdriving the H C J I I Li-unduc tore, to maximize volt-
age-to-nobe ratio.
7) Nni*c, MndnltUitm
T h e output of a mixer id proportional (subject to
certain limitation*) to the product of the two sigualK
which arc fed into it. In other wunta,
A. - KBfa HtMf 7)
For example, in Fig. 1, to produce ago threshold
ID - (AT) (JL5 nV) (2J> V ) (Eq.
K ~ 2.1H volts ^ ( E q . «j|
N o w Buppo»e that the oscillator noue at frequency
A Fig. ov^r a 2-klix bandwidth, is 1U microvolts.
r
The value of i in desired signal at the « a t e which will
produce a 111-microvolt noi^e output at the i-f
frequency i*
" W^HIIVV, ^'WvoUfKq.lO,
Thin in equivalent to 0,25 volt, at the antenna* fcJo
thin underfeed signal will produr-e as much output
(noiue) as u one-microvolt desired signal. In this
particular example, u desired signal would probably
encounter some crow modulation from the undo-
tsinxl 8ignal alung with a noise increase.
Hj Xoutfi (fofirtiii'i
According to Fig. l in ew the front-end noirfe (not
f
including atmospheric noise) overrides i-f noise by
1 Sy dfi, Thin in a Mibstantial amount. However, if
the i-f noi*e in wide IkukI* the high-pitched noise
rrmiponcrito havu an annoying psychological effect
which in very prominent.
0> ih'xfaTtiuit
For a two-tune isignal in the pasaband, 5U-/tV/tone,
the distortion products for the entire receiver are
the same an those for the product detector, as
previously stated.
July 1970
10; Rt&Hver Gain atvl Aroim Figure
T h e remark* in this article indicate that a noise
figure lew than 8 d B may be occasionally desirable.
Kxperience with the receiver described here has
given Jiie wonie doubt* on this. If the receiver has
plenty of gain, a low value of age threshold (1 pV
for ash and 0,5-pV for ew), and a veiy low hi**
level, along with a good antenna, 8 dB is more than
good enough. It is commonly found that the real
receiver problem in yarn ami noiw rather than noise
figure. Vhf operators have known this for years.
Bibliography
Belrose, "Fcrroxoubc Cores and a High Selectivity l.F.
Amplifier", QS1\ April 1956,
.Vndrade, "Recent Trends iu Receiver Front JSiidi," QST
June 1U02.
Texas Instruineats, J'itM Effect Transistor, McQrair Hill
Book Co.
Voiccl, "Nonlinear Distortion nnd Mixing Proc-casea in
KIPM Mfot Transistor*," Proettdino* IKKK, I>p.. 1fl«7.
Gold Iters, "Homa Notion Noise Figure," f'mwHingn (HE.
itatobcr,Mm,
Kriis*(t Nobw Picurv nf Ksdio Rrnmvom," l*rocttdinQ* IHU,
July, lt»44.
OrovCj "Don'L Jupt Fight Semlcoaduotor Molsc,*1 Blec-
tronic U^iign, Aug. 16,
Edson, Noise in Oscillators, *J I'rocmlitig* /Kti, Aug, i*i<10.
McKeun, "Crow Modulation Effects in MOSFETS,"
ItCA Publication ST 8SVQ.
Horn, ^Carrier Bipprmson Gives 130 dh. 3KR Measure-
ments," Comm. IJeiriantTit LHotnt, June JUA9.
Papponfits, Jiruene, 3clioeniket finale Sidehind /Vinrtp/r«
and Circuit*, McGraw Hill Hook Co.
ItKpinfMrlpr, Ue*ign of fmw Now Trnn*i*far Input CirfiuiUt
Kftydea }*rew.
.VRHij, Ifridin /iTFwiewr1* Handbook* Chapter 2, Any-Year,
'[•£29
Let's Talk TrcuuiistorB
(Continued from pai/e dij
AnMWGrm:
1, At*tihuwuhero tho Ixjttom plate hhnuld he
pusttivo, since tho tup plalo is connected to 1 he
cMnittur, which isHlightly neKuliv^ with respect
to ground.
In thirt crxso t.hn U>p plate should lie iKmihvo,
rtince tho emitter w only slightly negiitive, aud
the hottoin phiU; of Ull1 (rui»acitnr U tied to
—11 vol Is.
On the nmtrary; both Iranainlnni are almoHl
in cuinpletc m\i off. (ArUially, the fact, that
they are very slightly turned on cots down
on what in known as 'crossover distortion.")
4. Yes, we are, for it in the dc resistance that
U urfed in determining t he load line.
vj. This depends ujKiit tho tlo^ixu, but ii^unlly a
flip-flop ran ctmnjje sUates in nucrosecuudn
less.
0. Tina establishes the emitter potential of the.
iLotTM transist-or ^lighUy uegiitive, und thu»i
the mtmi pnsitive bus* issm keep the fransistor
cut off.
7. One-way i4* to insert a pusilive puLse at the
hams of Ihe ser-ond tranKislor. Another way is
to cumuli tlie tranaistoix or the battery back-
wards; thitt will detinitely causc the cireuit tn
Hop!
(Certainly: it is ideally suited as a short-term
memory device, siucc it will remain in its most
recent stale. IQgf—l
43
 Some Basics On Solid-State ^ n
Definitions and Design
BV D O U G D b M A W , * W I C E R
i HE NEWCOMER to »olidrState circuit work h
T Frequently by tiled by the terms and symbols
used in application notes and technical articles.
Such expressions as fx* beta, and V C E O arc among
the long list of terms that comprise the engineer's
jargon. However7 the terms represent but one area
of confusion to some amateurs, Many <>f the
practical problems faced by tiie builder of home-
constructed equipment arc the oft-time unhappy
experiences caused by the characteristics the
symbols represent. A better understanding of the
transistor's frequency characteristics can enable the
builder to head off many performance problems
before they have a chance to occur, Also, it ia
much easier to select the right transistor for the job
if the desigmrlundcrstands the vernacular of the
Msmiwnductop^mld^JBUi discussion will focus on
those raTuujg anoT^EMFthat are or immediate
significances I h u f f T M l m e designer of solid-state
drcuitSp Prajjmas^j^will he placed on frequency
characteristic£pr parameters.
% not connected t o the c i r f u i t .
\
Understanding the Jargon
Step l in making the terms palatable is to not
regard them as v Vord ogres," Actually, the
pneering expressions we are about to discuss ate
very straight tor ward, so let the author blast away
and be done with the quinine-flavored portion nf
the prescription so that we can get into the more
interesting part of the story. The following glossary
of tyinbols and terms will be of practical value to
the beginning designer;
1) f«r — Upper useful f r e q u e n c y o f operation,
common-emitter connection ( g r o u n d e d
e m i t t e r ) . This v> the f r e q u e n c y at which
the transistor teases t o a m p l i f y current,
and where the gain drops t o unity, o r L
The fip is aku cailed the xuin-bandwidth
product,
2) Fa — The upper useful frequency o f opera-
t i o n , dommtm-battc connection ( g r o u n d e d
base). At this f r e q u e n c y the transistor's
i n drops t o 0.707 ( f / 2 2 ) o f its value at
[JU Hr, This characteristic is also >ym»
led hy fhfb ur alpha cutoff.
T h e current gain, o r amalt-signalwe plan to conxtruct a common-cmittcr rf ampli-
h&current transfer ratio. ( c o m m o n -fier stage, what would be an appropriate frp for
i ^ \ o i u i e c t i o n K ur beta, fc^jt^ if a I i operation at )4MIlzV Some uf us prefer to work
m A \ b d s ^ \ c « r r e n t cause* the collector
c u r r e i u y t d j b e I Oo m A . the beta is 100/
The higttbr the beta rating, the greater
the transistor's gain capability*
•Technical Editor.
Hints for Hipolar 7
4 ) V C E O - T h e voltage measured b e t w e e n the
collector and emitter terminals while there
Is uu c o n n e c t i o n to the base element (base
open).
51 V C B O - The voltage measured between the
collector and base terminals when the
emitter terminal i* disconnected, or upen.
t>) P<JI - fnwer capability with relation to the
temperature i T p ) at value* up to 21
degree* C. The power <s expressed in
watts,
7 ) ' c ~ Collector current in m A o r amperes.
Those ratings are normally expressed as maximum
values in the list of specifications and should be
studied carefully when c h w w i M Jransistor for a
particular application. Here i ^ K ^ n c additional
terms that aie of interest to thdbXaesigner;
t> Cffao " Input c a p a c i t t M K t the emitter
terminal o f a c u m m o n r r a e stage, emitter
'Zl C f r o ~ Input capacitance at the base
terminal o f a c o m m o n - e m i t t e r stage, hase
not connected t o the circuit.
<-obo - Transistor output capacitance, com*
mon-base, cullector disconnected f r o m cir-
cuit.
4 ) C o e n " Transistor output capacitance. u i m -
mon-emitter, .collector disconnected f r o m
circuit. • ^ .
5) I'ok " ^wer output uf ii large-signal
amplifier, c o m m o n - e m i t t e r connection*
Familiarization with these terms and symbols- will
enable most beginner* to make a suitable device
selection for a particular circuit application. The
glossary relates to both types of hipolar transistor,
pnp and npn. There are many more symbols that
can he taken into account when selecting a
transistor, bujp (hey arc somewhat beyond the
stupe of this article, and Mill not he treated here.
Puttingtfb&jfpressiotis to Work
Now t f r ^ t f ^ V s ? bmlt a foundation for our
discussion k t ^ s w w h a t some of the terms mean to
the designer. Starting with I f , and assuming that
with rules of thumb, and thb is quite practical
where frequency ratings aie coneenfttd. i u allow
ample leeway in assuring stage
transistor whose ftp is 5 to in time*„hj
proposed operating frequency. J ^ n j
 EMITTER COLLECTOR

_ DEPLETION
w 1 " LAYER
BASE

COLLECTOR

BASE
CONTACT

EMITTER
<X2 0.4 0-6 1.0 U2
POWER INPUT Fig. 2 - At A # an illustration of the variable-
capacitance effects of the depletion layers in an
npn transistor. The capacitance changes as the
Fig. 1 — Curves showing the characteristics of voltages change, Depletion layer C ^ has the most
common-emitter and common-base amplifiers profound effect on circuit performance. At B, a
using an R C A 2N4012. The curves were drawn for
a frequency multiplier, but similar results are had representation of an alloy-junction transistor show*
when operating "straight through." ing the current flow from emitter to collector
through the base material. The time period for the
current flow establishes the transit time of the
transistor.

f T fur 14-MHz operation would be 70 MHz or of parallel capacitance in the tuned circuit - an aid
higher. This is a good practice when designing to frequency stability while still enabling the
oscillators and audio amplifiers as welL If common oscillator to start easily. It is important to realize,
-base operation is planned one should follow the however, that high-gain circuits can break into
Maine rule, but with regard to i'a or alpha cutoff. usciltation at some unwanted frequency, and more
The common-emitter hookup is u « d by most often than not are prone to do mi, l ur this reason
amateurs, and provides greater power gain at high it is nccessary to employ effective bypassing and
drive levels than docs the common-base arrange- parasitic suppression. 1
ment. On the other hand, the common-base ap- There aie breakdown-vultage requirements to be
proach is somewhat more efficient at low driving considered when choosing a transistor. Most ama-
levels, hut is more unstable tlian the comtnon- teurs use the V ' C E O rating with respect to the
eimtter amplifier. A comparison between the two available supply voltage, l-'nr audio amplifiers,
modes (Fig. it shows the power output versus oscillators, and t t amplifiers for fin, cw, and sab the
driving powei. ^CEO maximum should be at least twice the
The transistor\ beta <hf e ) establishes how much supply voltage, "t hat is, iV we are operating from a
gain a stage will have. This current gain, base to 12-volt source the t-ollector-to emitter voltage
collector, varies inversely with the emitter current rating should be at least twice that value, or 24
during operation, becoming lower as the emitter volts. Amplitude-modulated rf amplifiers should be
current increases. It is wise, therefore, to select a rated four times higher than the supply voltage - a
transistor whose beta is based on an operating Vceo 48 volts or more when using a 12-volt
power somewhat higher than that proposed, thus supply. These twice and four-times ratings are
assuring ample gyin at the operating frequency. necessary to allow tor the collector suing during
Eliglvbeta transistors arc especially useful in oscill- the driven period. Transistors with high \ r (jEO
ator circuits to enable the transistor to start ratings a/ford safet operation than is obtainable
quickly when keyed. The high beta make* it less with those having marginal ratings. Junction dam-
difficult t o secure the feedback needed for oscill- age cam occur instantly if the maximum ratings are
ation. In the case of VI'Os, high-gain transistors 1 "Sf»m* Tips on <Solid-State VFO Design,"
permit the builder to use larger-than-nnrmal values QSTh May 1970.
Some builders shy away from transistor circuits because they don V understand.
what the symbols and terms mean. Here is some practical advice on transistor
selection and application, plus an explanation of the symbols and terms that the
beginner can use as design tools. Some common circuit faults are also discussedH
and their cures are prescribed.

July 1970 45
 MHZ
HARMONIC
fiOW
DRIVE* C- IQ-Zf I
COLLECTOR
3 , £KKSH < ±47O son
47odL output
" c •3 RFC —o
T -

+ V<x +Vcc
Fig. 3 — Two methods for reducing the harmonic
BANDPASS TUNING output of an rt amplifier. At A, a two-section
low-pass filter is used. At Bf bandpass tuning
provides the selectivity needed.

50 ii
OUTPUT

exceeded, and this can easily happen if the

transistor is put into operation during no-load
or high-SWR periods. Similarly, high peak voltages
can develop when an amplifier stage breaks into
oscillation. "JTierefore, a transistor whose Vqeo ^
say, J 0(1 volts is relatively immune to over-voltage
Cbc (wWMfilO damage during the foregoing conditions.
r-Tfc"! Symbol Pq< is used by the manufacturers of
lc transistors to set a safe limit of power dissipation
so that all parts of the device arc kept at a
temperature which is helow the value that will
result in detrimental performance. The heat is
••-WAr-l caused by the dissipation of electrical power within
ry the semiconductor materials and their junctions.
{tmrefiNAt) Excessive heat will destroy the transistor by
causing a short-circuited junction. Also, high opera-
+VCc
ting temperatures degrade the efficiency of the
transistor. It is prudent, therefore, to use a device
whose P T is sufficiently high to assure safe,
efficient operation. In this regard one might choose
a transistor whose P^ rating is 15 watts or greater
when contemplating a dc input of 8 or 10 watts to
the stage. Of course the use of a heat sink is
mandatory when operating high-power transis-
tors.2
The term l c relates to the collector current of
the transistor. The maximum stated lc should not
be exceeded. This will assure the iner that junction
f,Cbc ONttRNAL)
r H r 1 damage mil not occur from excessive heating
caused by too much colloctor current. Since the
gain of the transistor is affected hy the current
flowing through the device, exceeding the recsom-
meoded values of current will cause low gain as
well as damage. A good rule of thumb here is to
pick a transistor whose l c maximum is at least
twift the maximum anticipated collector current
during operation, For example, if operating a HA
stage with a V C E uf 12 volts, and with a peak
collector current of 2UU mA (2.4 watts dc input],
the transistor's lc maximum should be rated at 0,5
Fig. 4 — At A r the internal base resistance of a ampere or more. An RCA 2N2102 satisfies the
transistor is represented as rb'. Cbc is the collector requirement, and under these conditions meets the
-base junction capacitance caused by the depletion P T specifications mentioned earlier.
layer illustrated in Fig. 2A. The normal phase - Information on thermal considerations and
relationships for a common-emitter amplifier are heat sinlrin* is given in RCA Power rV/rw//*, Te^h.
shown at B. The circuit at C shows a method for Series SP-61. Available from most electronics
correcting negative feedback caused by Cbc. wholesale outlets*

46 QST fosr
 The second part of the glossary lists some
J \ j * NO SHIFT
symbols fur input and output uapadUtnce* The
manufacturers publish specific values o f capaci-
tance for each transistor type under some static r\f\
'Sfflf1
F2
A / Y «
condition. The absolute value o f capacitance,
however, varies in accordance with the supply- jO^X COMPLETE
A/ 1
F3
voltagc swing and the amount of power the SHIFT
transistor is dissipating, as we will sec later. Input
(A)
capacitances for most transistors range from less
than a pF to as much as 100 pF. The usual range o f
output capacitance is between a few pF and more
than ZOO pF, It is important to know these values

ZTrl
of capacitance when designing the input and B
output matching networks. 3 The lower in value
these capacitances are the higher the transistor** f T
will be.
uc
Junction Capacitance and its Effects
Those who have worked with tubes are aware of + V
(B) UNILATERALIZATION «
the effects o f input capacitance, output capaci-
tance, and grid-plate capacitance. These capaci-
tances affect the tube's operation to some extent
at any frequency, but more so as the operating
frequency is increased. Transistors have similar
capacitances which must be taken into account
when designing the circuit. The most profound
effect on a transistor's performance is caused by
NC
the collector-base capacitance. ( C ^ ) . Depending
upon the transistor's internal structure and opera-
ting voltage, this capacitance can be anything from NEUTRALIZATION + Vcc
(C)
1 to 100 pF. Referring to Fig. 2A it can be seen
that a depletion layer, or transition region exists
between the collector and base layers of the Fig. 5 - Base-layer thickness can cause complete or
transistor. This area acts as a dielectric to separate partial phase shift as the transistor's f x is ap-
proached. Ft is well below f T , F2 is close to fij»f
the two plates of the collector-basc Capacitor. As
and F3 may be near, at, or above fy, giving rise to
the operating voltage is raised and towered, pur- positive feedback and circuit instability. Examples
posely, or because of the sine-wave excursion, the of unilateralization a n d neutralization are shown at
width of the depletion channel widens and nar- B and C.
3 Impedance-calculation chart* mid equations
for deafening input and output networks are given
in the KCA booklet listed In footnote 2.

14 MHZ

3300

•o+i2v
ZIJUH 50/uF -L+
25V X
EXCEPT AS INDICATE0, DECIMAL v A L U £ S O f
CAPACITANCE A R E IN MICROFARADS I j F 1 ;
OTHERS ARE IN PICOFARADS < pF OR j t p F I ,
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHMS \

Fig. 6 - Representative circuit for an 8~watt-

output, 20-met^r cw transmitter. Q1, Q2 r and 0 3
are discussed in the text, and are listed in Table t
according to their characteristics. 21 through Z3
are ferrite-bead rf chokes for stopping vhf and uhf
oscillations.

July 1970 47
rows, thus changing the value of capacitance in a equal amount of negative feedback from output to
nonlinear fashion. This condition can be equated input. This technique is known as unilateraiization
to that of a varactor-diode multiplier, causing the and should not be confused with the more conven-
harmonic currents in the collector to be as great as tional neutralization process. Though the effects
those of the fundamental signal. It 1* not unusual are similar, neutralization corrects for negative
to find that the second and third harmonic outputs feedback while unilateraiization cures positive
from an rf amplifier (using a simple tuned circuit) feedback. Examples of both methods arc given in
are only 10 or 15 dB below the fundamental signal Fig. 5, at BandC.
Translators that arc operated at low signal levels are
less prone to harmonic generation, but a* the signal Another Frequency-Determining Factor
level increases so do the harmonic currents. The
most practical cures for this problem are the use uf The actual size of the collector layer determines
a highly-selective collector tuned circuit, or the how much collector capacitance will exist The
addition of a harmonic niter (Fig.3). collector capacitance per cm 2 is the parallel plate
Junction capacitance C ^ causes another un- (layer) cdpacitance of the collector depletion layer:
desirable effect in some amplifiers - negative
feedback. Normally the collector signal of a com-
mon-emitter stage is the inverse of the base signal
as shown in Fig. 4B. However, C|, c allows some of where e is the dielectric constant of the semicon-
the collector signal to be fed back to the base to ductor, and xm is the depletion-layer thickness*
reduce the amplifier** gain. One method of cor- This indicates that the output capacitance is
recting the problem is shown in Fig, 4C. The dependent upon the collector area, hence the
emitter is lifted above ac ground by means of a smaller the area the higher the transistors f T .
resistance, Rl, to provide a takeoff point for some Transistors have a characteristic ohmic base resis-
positive feedback which can be fed back to the tance, rb\ which is the resistance of the base layer.
base through CI* thus neutralizing the effects of This base resistance and collector capacitance
Ct>e to prevent the output signal from opposing the establish a time constant which sets the upper
input signaL frequency limit of the transistor.
Frequency and Transit-Time Effects A Design Example
As is true of tubesy transistors have a character- Let's suppose the designer wants to build a
istic known as the transit time. To a greater extent three-stage 20-meter cw transmitter that will oper-
the transit time sets the upper-frequency limit of ate from a 12-volt dc supply. Power output is to be
the device (£? or f ^ . The time period required for 8 watts. A representative circuit for such a trans-
the current to pass from emitter to collector, mitter is given in Fig. 6. Transistor Q1 serves as a
across the base region, is finite (Fig.2B). The length crystal-controlled oaciUator, and should deliver
of time necessary for this passage of current is the approximately 100 mW output Buffer stage Q2
transit time. The time period is determined by the will operate Class C and have an output of
thickness of the base material In the transistor. approximately 2 watts. Q3 should develop suffi-
Germanium devices have base thicknesses that arc cient power to provide the required 8 watts
greater than those of silicon transistors. For this output. It also operates Class C. Following the
reason most vhf and uhf transistors are of the rccdmmendations set forth earlier we find that the
silicon type, providing better frequency response transistors listed in Table 1 will do the job we have
than the former. in mind. Examination of the various specifications
The transit time, if long enough in duration, can will show that we have based out choice on the
cause some undesirable effects over and above the text discussion. Other transistor types could satisfy
frequency-response limiting just discussed. As the our requirements, and those listed are used only as
input signal passes through the base material a examples.
phase shift can occur fFig. 2B). At frequencies well
below f^ no problems result, but as the operating
frequency is increased phase shift can become a
serious consideration. Fig. 5A illustrates partial and TABLE 1
complete phase shift of the signaL At an inter-
mediate frequency, P2, partial shift is evident. At Maximum
F3 the shift in phase is 4 complete, placing the Rating Q1 Q2 Q3
collector and base signals in the same phase. This Type 2N4I24 2N2102 2 N3632
effect, because of C ^ discussed earlier, causes
VCEO to 65 40
positive feedback, and can send the circuit into
oscillation. When the input and output signals are lc 200 mA 1 A A
in the same phase, or nearly so, the input and ft JO" MHz 100 MHz 4 0 0 MHz
output circuits tend to interlock, and any change PT 3 1 0 mW 5 W 23 W
in operating conditions at one of the ports will be Po ( 0 0 mW 2 W 13-5 W
reflected to the other port. In the case of a tuned Beta 360 too S.o d B
rf amplifier it will be nearly impossible to tune the or Gain
tanks to resonance without interaction occuring.
To correct for positive feedback one must apply an

48 QST for
 The collector load impedance (RL) of a transis-
torized rf amplifier is determined by:
cc 2
RL
2 P.
where Vcc is the collector supply voltage- dnd Po i*
the desirvd power output from the stage. There-
fore, the collector load impedance of Ql is 720
ohms, Q2's load impedance is 36 ohms, and. 0 3
works out to be *hb ohms. It is because of the**
relatively low impedance* that the collectors arc
tapped down on the tufted circuits.
The input impedance (base) of common-emitter
power stapes is normally quite low - 3 to 10 ohms
- requiring careful matching in that part of the
circuit for proper power transfer. It is not difficult
to wind an output link on the collector coil that
enables the tuned circuit to serve as an impedance
transformer. At frequencies above 30 MHz the job
becomes a bit more difficult became the secondary
winding may require but one turn or lest, and
adequate coupling may be impossible. It is better
to use a capacitive divider across the collector
tuned circuit h( vhf, big, 3A. this will provide u
{Tactical impedancc transformation from collector
to base, and will shunt the harmonic currents to
ground through the normally-large value of capaci-
tance in the lower half of the durider.
Some final Comments
The information offered here should help to
dispel some of tin; doubts that may have prevailed
in the minds of would-hc solid-state experimenters.
M least we may have provided a starting point for settled conditions, *uch as just before dawn and
getting involved with transistors. Subsequent QST
articles will treat some additional terms and
symbols, and will cover more typical design prob-
lem* faced by experimenters. Meanwhile, why not
try your liand at some simple solid-state protect? ff make one aware of communication limitations and
you haven't worked with transistors you have
missed one of the finest experiences in amateur
radio*
Reference*
1, Llnvill and iiihbonfc. T n w A W f f l and Active exchanging signnN to make the *tudy possible. It is
Circuits (McGraw-Hill),
2. Watson < Microwave Semiconductor devices and
riteir Circuit Applications (McGraw-Hill).
5. RCA Transistor Manual ( R C A ) .
4. "Varaetor Diode* in Theory and Practice/'
gtfT.March 196ft.
Johnson, "Physical Limitations on frequency
and P o w r Parameters of Transistors," RCA
Review* p. 163, IVfiS.
6. Hunter, Handbook of Scmifxwductor Electron*l£K0W<toW T&tURW
/r* (McGraw-Hill).
7. Pritchard, "High-frequency Power Gain of
Junction Transistors/* Proc. (RE* p. Hi7S.
8. RCA POWFR CIRCUITS, technical Series
SP-51 ( R C A ) .
9. Early. "Structure-Oetermined Crain-Band Kiv-
duct of Junction lYiode Transistors,*4 Proc,
IRE, p. 1924, 1YS8. L«¥3
mm * • •
I he Post Office Department p r o m t s faster
mail service with Zip codes. Ike Zip code*.
July 19?0
Eclipse Experiment 1970
(C on tinned from [h 34)
At 1924 GMT, I heard WlUB in New Hampshire
(95 miles) and his signal was S7. just before f again
contacted W4BYB in Miami, Florida. W4BYB'»
signal had now dropped to S3 and mine to S 4 using
the now-predominant E layer with four hops. Hve
minutes later, his signals were again copied at the
same signal strength.
The last readable European stattom heard until
actuat niglittime conditions arrived was DJ3GG at
1936 GMT. liis signal was only S5 and was fading,
From then on, the European stations were too
weak for identification, and had alt but faded out
over the great-circle path which, before, had
supported good signal strengths over n une-hour
period during my local eclipse.
Conclusions — 7 MHz
\) When the radio-communication distance is
fixed and the- *amc antenna and power are used,,
the differences between daytime and nighttime
conditions could well mean signal-strength differ-
ences of 20 dB or more. At night, not only is the
absorption from the D layer removed, hut, quite
likely, reflection will take place from the higher F
layer, requiring less hops to cover the same
distance. r'A sipna I-strength difference of 20 dB is
equivalent to changing the power input by a factor
of 100: [ J
'2) A majority of our communication occurs over
a multihop propagation path, and quite frequently
the signal undergoes dynamic changes during un-
after dusk.
The principles of wave propagation at such
frequencies during various natural conditions were
quickly proven in practice* and the finding* should
what may be expected of our equipment.
The conclusions presented are nut really start-
ling, hut do represent what was proven hv the
eclipse experiment undertaken through the co-
operation of amateur* who spent a few hours
this sort of cooperative effort arid typical experi-
mentation that makes our hobhy useful as well ax
interesting. My thanks go to those who made tt
possible. IqST-H
PO MEMBERS
OFF THEft)WEC-
ANPttowTZ? APfty
pesasenxaax
49
 HintsFor«"< Kinks
k the Experiment*
LOCKING ACTION FOR MOBILE MIKES
A simple modification to my mobile mike hus.
made long-winded QSOs a bit easier. By carefully
tiling a notch in the push-to-talk button, a locking
NOTCH
action can be added to almost utiy mobile mike.
The sketch shows the placement of the notch. 0are
should be taken to keep filings from tailing into
the mike vase* With my mike, it wasn't necessaiv
to remove any more than l/lfi inch from the
control button, be sure to uheck frequently for
Inching action. - Gene Kustuski, WA8YIT
BEAM INDICATOR
For years I have considered various methods of
establishing easily the correct beam direction for a
given point in the world. I have had an ARRL
Radio Map of the world on the wall above my
equipment and have experimented with systems of
projecting the selsyn pointer onto the map, This
proved too cumbersome and complicated. The
various methods or using globes took more space
than ] liked. Recently it occurred to me to try a
different approach and the result is shown in the
photograph.
first, 1 photographed the ARRL map un Kuda-
color film. A color print was then made of the
correct size to fit my 3-inch surplus selsyn indi-
cator. this print was cut to the correct diameter
and a hole was put m the middle^ The selsyn gins*
was removed, the pointer pulled off and the print
affixed by double-backed tape to the face of the
selsyn. The pointer was replaced- 1 then drew an
outline map of North America iwith states] and
had a positive transparency made to my size
specification*. This was cut in a circle centered on
Indiana and placed behind the selsyn gjas*. This
makes it easy to spot North American Locations
< .t
/ .
and, by looking through the transparency, do the
same for the rest ot the world. Although the world
mup is small, <j quick look at the wall map
establishes the locution of small countries relative
to larger features and makes antenna aiming easy.
Rofxrt Slwmaker, Jr., W9MTU\
ALLEN WRENCH FXTENDER
As a one-time designer of military electronics
gear, I became adept at secreting setscrews tn
locations not accessible to the ordinary Allen
wrench. Recently I found that habits are hard to
break, While trying for a few moon echoes un 2304
MHz, 1 couldn't seem to get the beam pointed at
the target. The motors and selsyns were grinding,
but no echoes came back. Investigation by vpot-
light ' 3 A.M., sleet all around) showed the feed
horn not traversing its track.
Later investigation showed this was nothing
more serious than a loose st'tscrew un the drive
sprui'ket. However, 1 had designed the monster so
that to see the screw, I had to stand on a
sixteen-foot ladder and use a mirror and a flash-
light to look down a six-inch-deep tunnel! None of
my long-handled wrenches seemed to fit the screw.
After fifteen minutes deliberation awl five minutes
work* the matter was solved with a home-made
extension handle, per the sketch. - William L
Smith. W30KP
SECURE-
WITH
TAPE
The Allen-wrench extender » made from a short
piece of tubing, or welding rod.
TRANSISTOR HEAT SINKS
Anyone interested in solid-state projects knows
that any time a transistor must handle a relatively
large amount of power, it will prohably need a heat
sink. Many fm, TV, and othet commercial broad-
cast stations use tubes such as the 4CX250. These
and similiar types are usually not worth rebuilding
and may be available for the asking when they go
hud. I found by cutting the metal top section off
and doing some filing, these tube anode can be
readily adapted for heat-sink applications. The fact
that the heat sink is around the transistor and not
spread all over the back of the cabinet can be quite
convenient, Crex Larson* WA$WOZ
QSTior
 1970 ARRL INTERNATIONAL DX COMPETITION - High Claimed Scores

I ^ohi-mvJN*? are high H a w w t scores of entries

I received b v M a y '30. Jteud (left, t o r i g h t ) :
t-ulal tirore, multiplier, contact*;. Kinnl results
will nitptvir in (or im\r) O r t n ^ M 1 QST\ please
W3ZKH/3
W3GM
K8HLK
WSKUC
MuMopewtor
5,7*3»177-533-3676
3.618,1^24-466-2588
1,S|4>034-36('1398
Dt^JR
OK1APV
DLfFK
2.741.244-418-2186 K K 6 V X
MB0XCR
1,514,640*206-2443
1,470,644-212-3320
1,412,550^219-2150
1,369,044-204-2237
1,062,666-198- (789
1^045,119.^173-201 h
don't f o r D X C C credit I w e d i>»i I<>K r , » n - W9LKJ 1,321,704*348* 1266 9J2XZ
W3MWT 1,296-864-342-1254 OK IK TV. 1^132,427-187-1844
tirmatiuiu* imlil Ihe adjusted ^ i n w m a k e the
W3ADU 1,248,813-327-1273 Muttloperator
weuu! WAlhiJM K2U07/2 1,017,420*31 CHU94 KH6SK 4*035,324-262-5134
WA2HSX 1,014,039*321-1053 Pl4C<h 4,010,641-243-5585
WA3ATP 980^58^-31 f-1051 CK6U A 2,548,800-180-4710
W ASF XT 883,884-292-1 noo KA2KS 1,6 S 5,47 8-198-2787
W/VE — cw W3MWC 1,931,654-341-1698 KHFPJ 878,163-299- KH6UL 1,59|12AC».22A-7M7
Single Operator W61TY 1,603,921*328'1630 WA2IZS S77,440-3Jih 914 If A3 J J45.545-195-1U47
KIOIR 2,l0l,0Zi>-38ft-Jftfl* WAftZDT J,504,2ftO*3ii5»JM4 W6YRA/7 865,287-237-1219 DL4KM 1 ,ori2»85> 178-1878
WlB(vl>/2 2,031,300-36^1X50 W4MVK 1,343,598-302-1483 K3HT7 848,82(^301- 940 I b2WKK 962,92 5-185-1737
W9IOP 2 >024,490-327-1790 W30V
W3KT
1 t3J 8,746-286*1537
1,296,873-309- I 399
WB6UKO Kl 9,591-729.1143 HB90D 816,488*1 56-181 7
hlNuL 1,997,372-354-1836 W0AJH W30V 7U2J96-253-1044 LA I H 632,786-1 54-1 384
W4Y HI) I ,241,220-302-1374
1 ,965,120-36&- I 780 W A2rZS 1,226,550-31*1 W5NGO 758,862-182- 897 K K 6V X 5 8V,176-147-1 336
K2KIR 1,894,635*355-1779 WH6TOJ I ,I65,P?I|-27M433 2** K7RAJ/7 746,808-232-1073 OH2AA 915,656-166-1838
K4GSU 1,811,596-3*3-1712 K2J VBf3 1*063,584-288*1231 VVA3FX J 745,141 -27^ HA I KSA 772,200-165-1 560
W8VSK 1 ,802,1 50-379-1402 Vlr' W8TCS/8 73K588-27I- ^06 L ?A KVP 6^7,404* 178*1 306
W2DXL 1,717>428-334.1735 A U U Y 13162,934-262-1 354 K4LK 662,991- 63- 238 PAfGN 578,9^0-!M-l176
WB2i'KS 1.702,458*339- 1693 WB2UD0 651,000-250- 868 KZ5KN 545,88*157-1154
W1 Y k 1.700,328- 349- 1624 W/VE - PHONE K6AN 614,685-215- 953 DX — PI JON K
WJGR1' 1,660,64**334»1634 WA SVP7 580,17li- 23.V K30 Operator
K4KQL |.6SCI,564-3Af»-|79» Storfe Operator WiVrQT 560,268-137- HIO KP4AS1 6,77^,54ft-,102-7483
W2CSttK l,*2M4J-tt<M*47 WA KK JtflKS,9l>0*34l>*J04S Vfh2CJ'A 530,472-248* 713
W3NU I,6l9»568*3b8-1475 W4HVV 1,587,924-351-150* WAfCPX 533,647-249* 701 HU1P
HCITH 4
7117
K2KNV 1,611*015-335*1603 W4ZCY 106lv600*244«5545
I r553,448-33lMS36 W3SS 5I^056*25^ 676 KH6IJ 3,465,350-247-5350
W9LKJ 1,609,83(^3? 0-1731 K6UYC CK9ZM3, DX — OY
W8QXQ l,60l,9|(^34<M*30 X b 1KSJ 3,5 33,220-270-4362
1,534,680-294'1740 SMttgl* Oprrvmr
KZ5NR 3.311,675*259-427$
WSJ AW |,S79,0l4-3ft1-l45* W1BGU/2 1,508,454-302-1389 PJ iVD 3,160.524-268-3931 XRIILS 3,262,239-261-4166
W1 BPW 1,9**,4|6-346-L5l1 K6AHV \ ,SU4f914-307-1634 KX6IJ 3,110,433-277*3763 YV4UA
W4JDR 1.549,080-331-1560 K11 HO 2,701,32^-187-3510
1 v398g60CV 333-1400 VK2IU 2,319,840*21^3580
K4THA 1,520,207-337-1 504 W5JAW 1,359,756-358-1294 VV5KL 2,493,702-24b-3J7»
W4ttO IjSl 8,480-/60-1406 W4QBK 1,386,678-339-1334 OtiLO 2,440,848-241-3376 W A*» k AI'/ H K21,296,57fr225-3404
CHAT 2,199,120*238-31 59
W3MFW l<4V7>888-336-l486 K8UJ>J (KlZNIKoprO DL4QQ 2,399t3 5fr247-3238 LAO AD 2,144,14*2*4.3055
WAIIRTi 1,491,720-MO-1605 1,323*024-344-12X4 OH5SR 2,397,600*222*3b01 KI'4C1QB 2,071,70.1*21 .V3253
W4KFC 1,484>535*331»1497 W»rOU I k238»7CJ6-3J9-1218 C,2KO 2>IK4,075-245-298l l.UhDKA 2,024,568-182-3798
WJWPG 1,475,910-310-15*7 W2UXL 1,185,690-330* 1217 «3tX B 2J74,784-241-,KI08 CT1BH
W6RR 1 ,462,239*279* 1747 K1UH V I <815,780-111-285*
| ,M 2,832-336-1104 HL6WD 1,950,648-238-2861 2S60W 1,681,851-1 88-2943
W1KBY 1,444,200-290 -JonO WfYK (WAI ABW,opr.) PA^LOtJ 1,944,15^233-2861 EA4LH 1,485,390-201.2465
W7( K 1,442, 808-348-1384 1,033^3^308-1118 KL1CB 1,929,240-230-2796 F3KW
W3VT 1,439,949-359-1 337 K2UJI) L AIO A 1,866,934* 214-2409 1,474,308-21 u-2244
t ,022,32^317-107 S
WAJFHU 1,412,532-319-1476 K.IJHX 1,019,592-294-1186 G3TXF 1,702,065-233-2483 iFI.2RH 1.434,91 6-J 96*2441
WI8JH 1.391,208-33*1372 WpHP 1,005,372^321-1044 J A1 AH A f ,S«1,92u-2 tO-2413IIAt At A 1,554,368-192-2350
BA b 1,305,63* 14^.2187
K4BAI 1,390,932-324-1431 W5WMU/5 . 976.80CK296-M00 0L7AA 1,573,200228*2 J0I> K4MUP/YVI (.201,575-185-2165
KtTHQ 57* WA3KKG tOtt-331- v? 3 EL9J 1,562,233-238-2197
KJJHX 1,382,660-29 3-1540 W3VI 4 54, $04-324- <+K2 If ASK 1,555,300*206*2517 XF1J 1,158,894-198.1951
W2PCJ 1,350,72IV J20-1407 WH2SQN 14-277-11 jy OZ1W 1.317,664-208-2192 VP9BV
ZP5G.H
1 4?1,4tC4-184-1441
I ,<i41,851-157-1212
K2DJ0 t .348,11 8-317-1418 K6N A 897,840*232-1290 DJ4ZR 1,284,114-202-2119 5H3LV 1.030.440-154-2230
K3HT2 1,348,095*347-1295 WB6WIT 8H7tS03-23S-1243 GN4XG U 17,314-209.1782
4M7AV 1JX19,502-209-1626
WiMVB I ,334,880- 309-1440 KI VI M 835J 55-277-1007 Z( 1 AMO 1 «ti 54,680-1 Xtt-1 H70KL2BZ 1,010,256-166*2035
W4KXV I r3l 3,03*-JO*. 143* W5QWF 823,921,277- 991 OWJJ1 1,00^,113-203^1657 KV4AM 992,358-107-1608
V E2DCW/21 f3Oi>,tt30* 3 3M 310 Kl KNQ 822,528-288- 954 iHlGNL 987,083-181-178! 11 MO L <I74»400> 175-1886
W1FTU f 803 W4NBY 778kfi74-29H- 870 F8TQ 935,830-203-1550 DI.4AH ^16,320-160-1909
W5WZ*} 1,275,1 92-356-1194 W3NU 770,523-iW. FttVJ 428,584-21 6*1433 rt/H n *83,78*t88>1567
WflUP l,26H,S20-285-l484 K6PUR 753,616-272- tf*6 03KMA K2M3A-IV8-I394 HT1MU 834,534-142-1959
KIVTM 1,253,080-282-1482 W2MB 739,344-292- 844 DI4UK 751,288-174-1510
WAlUJt: V ,243, J 12-284*1462 WAIDJG 0X2 KLaL 821,400-148-1850
717,880-274- 874 1220c; 720,780-164-1465 CE3CE 81 5,3 32-148-1837
K6UYC(W6l>QX,opi») W8LXU 707,1 30*391- 810 OKI BOB 689,544-183-1256 ZS3S
1 »2 33,549-291-1413 VK7BDJ f»3K5F 687,41^202*1136 KS6hH 8t 0,U6h-1 58-1704
701 #7 84-228-1026 747,220-180-1478
WTO! 1,213,443-30*1309 KW.'UY 6V9,840-288- 815 OX3WO 671,520-lM^I 394 Vmib' 760,594-178^1425
W2BQK 1,189,65^328-120* 687,690-270- 849 8M5CMP 653,082-17^1230 CtX'b' 711>I89-171«I393
W5IOU 1,171,73+45*1 Wl W2Y T 697,219- 263- 871 TJ1 AW 648,284-169-1279 VK3Q1 696,762-187-1242
K8LHU 1,1 52,1*3-313*1 227 WA.6EP0 t>77,250-21H050 VK30! 617,550-179-1150 LU2FAO 694,467-1 53-1513
K4II J ,125,422-344-1091 WH6UMC 665^40-^0-14109 KZ5NR fi0lB04tfi-173-1160 VP9M1 fr*tl ,404-1 56-1456
W6CYX 1,13MI 72-1376 VE3WQ 646,92 L»253- 8S3 HB9AGH 5^9,400-150-1401 OK5SE 633,451^150-1409
WIWAI 1,114,289-281-1327 WA4UXU 631,338-178- 7S7 HL9VO 590*976-152-1342 PV3APH 626,340-143-1460
W2WD 1,046,865-303-1 1 S3 WA1JKQ 621,753*227^ 913 HSS A BD 576,600-155-1240 G201 6 23,12B-t 72-1208
K8KM K 1.0 54,652*303-1141 W1FBY 607,200-253- fU>0 F&1C 565,593-161-1171 SM5EAC b|3,695-t6.Vl254
WA81,YF 1,025,41*298-1147 K3MZL 601,314-278- 721 C 20T 556,hftA-1 109H GW3NWV ft 1 1 4 6 * 1 3 9 7
W2WZ 1,0 tO, $90-302-1 IIS W7RS' 593r892«282- 702 F8ZF 547,305-l6$'l 127 CX SCN 597,480-130*1533
W5WMU/S I.0I0.394-297-II34 W3UHM 587,334-242* 809 HU9DX $26,338-171-1026 TG9Gt 542t24M 33-1359
K6AHV 1,009.680-280» 1202 W90QN 575.420.260. 739 Muttlopemar DUira 537,540-155-1156
K4TTA 570,900*27692 SK6CF 3»b78.336-248-4944 EA3QW 51 5.7UOI 50-1146
Huttiopentor X4K/ 5^7,365-265- 715 TF2WKV 2,769,870-254-3664 1)L6WL> 507,31 56-1139
W4BVV 6,879,815-493-4653 K6SXA 558,828^228- SI7 1Z1 KKJ 2,152,331*234- 1A KCiK 505,1 34* 133-126ft
V/3N P2 6,595,67 $-497-4464 W6U0H 546,315-21 5- 847
W7RM 5,118,02*451-4599 VI£3BB 544,260-235- 772
W31JM 5*546,520-465-3976 W3NX 539,556-275* 654
W6VHS 4,623,80+426-3620 K7YWZ 524,841.204- H58
K8UDJ 4 J 46,066-449-3078 K9BGL 523,107-263- 663
KbFBB 3,917,74^405-3213 WA3HKV/2 516,384-264- 652 Feedback
W4ZXI 3,821 *6 58-433-2^42 VEi2YU 510,498-237- t l 8
W3WJb 3i4»3,40>426-2741 W3AXW 510,04^253- 672 Those QST ablwcviationR listed in the lune issue
K3J YZ 3,060,090-363-281 0 VIS2AYU 507,360-124- 755 cuntained an error. OBS is the abbreviation for
W9YT 2,670,0 S 379-2349 K4BA1 507,033-211- 801
W3TV 2,6 5 SJ 92-349-2 536 W i l l i 503^47 M4S- 685 Official Bulletin Station, not Official Experimental
W6ANN 2,256,240-347-2110 W4LBP 50UJ79-157* 649 Station. (Thanks WVDZG)

July 1970 SI

Alberta - Hamfest *7n will take place In (*lgaty un July
11 and 12 at the Westgate Motor Hotel. Thr Hamfest will
coincide with the world famous Calgary f-xhiWHun and
Stampede. Further details from W. K fBSIli Williams,
VK6AWF, Hamfest "TO, P.U Hox t'algary, Alberta,
Canada,
Alberta - The Glacier Waterton Peace Park Hamfest will
be held In A p p r o n July 17,18 and
Aiteona - The K . 'hit hill Hamfest will be held at the
Coconino County Inlrgrounds, ilve miles south of Magstaff
on July 24, 25, and 26, Camping on the grounds will be
permitted that weekend. Talk-in un 146.94 MH* fm, and
J.K7K MHz ssbu There will be u putluck lunch on Sunday as
well as 75- and 2-meter transmitter hunts. For more
information write to WA7LPR, ARCA, or the SC!M.
British Columbia - The North Island Manifest is Sunday,
August 2. For information and a map write Gordon Burleson,
VE7BAV, Box ,218, Port McNeil, Canada,
California - The Tri-Counties ARA Has a HamfestPicnic
planned tor lo:im a.M. July 2fi at Westmoat Park In
Pomona4
District of Columbia - See Maryland
Idaho - The WIMU Hamfest Is scheduled for August 7,8,
and 9 at Mack's inn, Idaho.
Illinois - The 15th Annual Hamtest of the Six Meter Club
of Chicago Inc. will be held Sunday August 2 at the Picnic
Grove on US. 45,1 mile north of U,S. 30, 5 utiles south uf
liJ&. 6, Frankfort, ill. Pood and drinks will he available. Sw*p
nod shop hection. Advance regisfnition SI.5ft adimudon at
the Mate $2,011. For tickets and huther information contact
Mike Corbctt* K9ENZ, 5215 West 73rd Court, Argo P. 0 „
Illinois hOJOI,
Illinois - the guad-Oo. ARC will sponsor the 13th
Annual Hamfest of the "Breakfast Club'* on July 18 and 19
at Terry Park, 3/4 mile east of Palmyra, Illinois, All other
groups are invited to meet at the Hamfest, giving prior notice
to the Hamrest Committee. There will be dancing and movies
Saturday night Bring your own basket lunch. Sandwiches
and soft drinks available on the grounds. Mobile talk-in on
3973 kHz from noon Saturday to 11:00 A.M. Sunday,
(tones* uuntests, gulfing and fishing* Bring your *wap gear.
Camping facilities open from Friday afternoon until Monday
morning. Pro-registration until July 7 U $1.00. $1.50 at the
gate. Write "Hamfest." c/o Quad-Co. ARC, box 323,
Chatham, N, 62629*
Illinois - The Hamfesters Radio .Club is holding their 36th
Hamfest Sunday August 9 in Santa Fe Park at 91set and Wolf
Rd., Willow Springs, near Chicago. Games and clowns for the
kids, TV for the ladies, Advance donation $ 1.50, $2.00 at the
pte. For information contact Joseph W, Poradyia, WA9IWU,
Hamfesters Radio Club, Inc., 5701 S. California Ave.,
Chicago, LL 60629.
Indiana - The Madison County ARC will hold Its annual
Hamboree vn Sunday, July 12* Doors will open at 11:00
A.M. at the county Civil Defense Control Center located 4
miles north of Anderson at Linwood, Activities include a
general get-together and tlea market. Refreshments will be
available. Talk-in on 50,4.145,35. and 14h,<M0 MHz.
Indiana - The FWRA of fort Wayne is sponsoring an
annual FM Picnic at Crooked Lake near Angola, Indiana.
Activities will begin at 8:00 A.M. Sunday August 2. Fur
entertainment there will be boating, fishing, swimming,
uttinping facilities, and excellent picnic grounds. The event
will also feature a free flea market. More information trom
FWRA, Box 6022, Fort Wayne, IN 46806.
Indiana - Indiana Radio Club Council's Annual pknic is
Sunday, July 12 at Memorial Park, Michigan City, Indiana.
52
Write William Cannon, WVILS, for information, tickets, and
reservations: 2i)5 Nnrth Koe*fce, Michigan City, IN 46360,
Indiana - The Trf-SLute ARS announces Its 23rd Annual
Hamfest Sunday, July 12 at the 4-H Rural Youth Center nn
Highway 41, north of Etansvillt, Indiana. Urge iiif audi-
tioned auditorium. Ladies bmgo, swappers1* row* overnight
tumping. Advance registration $1.50, at the door $2.00.
Contact Jack Young, K9LAU, P.O. Box 492, J-ttuuvilfc. IN
47703,
luwa - The Mt. Pleasant ARC cordially Invites you to
attend the Southeastern Iowa VHFcrs Picnic to be hold at
McMQlcn Park in Mt. Pleasant on Sunday, July Open at
9:00 A.M. Fotluck lunch, free cuffec, trunk sales, AU hams
welcome. No charge. Rain ox shine, shelter provided Ulk-in
uti 50.4*0 and 3,950 MHx,
Iowa - The iowa 75-Meter Phone Net Annual Picnic will
be held on the sccond Sunday in August, August 9, at Anson
Park in Marshalltown. All amateurs and their families
u>rdially invited, ttach should bring a covered dish and his
own scrvice, Festivities will begin around noon. A swap table
will be available.
Kansas - The 19th Annual Hamfest sponsored by the
Kansas-Nebraska Radio Club will be held on Sunday, August
2 at the Moose building, 113 West 5th, Concordia, Kansas.
The program will include a hidden transmitter hunt punes,
contests, and an auction. Write W0 h'DJ for more information.
Maryland - Shelter Jill in Patapsco State Park (near
Route 40 Exit) is the pbee for the MDC Traffic Net Picnic
on July 26.
Michigsn - The 17th Annual South Western Michigan
VHF Picnic will he at thr Allegan County Park, August 2.
Minnesota - The Annual PICONUT/liandHlam Picnic
will be in Austin, July 19.
Missouri - The Zeru-ticatcrs ARC Hamtest will be held on
sSunday, August 2 at Washington, Missouri City Park, For
further information write or contact Zero-Beater* A R C Box
24, Dutaow, MO 63342.
Montana - The Glacier^ Waterton international Peace Park
Hamfest is July 1* and 19 at Apffu Village Campground.
Write K71MZ for pr^registration information.
Nebraska - l'hc Central Nebraska ARC will hold its
annual Hamfest and Steak Fry on Sunday, inly at
Victoria Springs State Park. This is an outdoor picnic with
charcoal steaks. Bring a coveted dish and your own scrvice.
Fur the early birds there will he 4 get-together Saturday
evening at the park,
Nebraska — See Kansas,
New York - The Annual Hamfest of the ChampUnn
Valley ARC will he held July 19 starting at 10:30 A.M. at the
club shack on the Akey ftdL, Cadyville. N.Y. (7.2 miles west
of Pittsburgh on Route 3L Foud and beverages available on
the gfoumfe, talk-in on 146.34, 146.94 MILe fm and 3.^25
MHz sxh. fiend advance registration* l}i-50) to CVARC, Box
24l,^dyvOIe,NY12VlH i
Ohio - The Mahoning Valley ARA will sponsor a Hamtest
Sunday, August 2 at Lions Park in New Bedford, Penn-
sylvania. This is located D miles east of Youngstown, Ohto off
t'-S. 422 and 1/2 mile not th at U.S. 422. Signs wdl be posted
on V S . 422, Flea market, call-in on 146.94 and 146.34 to
146,76 to repeater W8IOO. For further information write
hank Dodd, K8UYP, 32i Bedford Rd„ UwelMlLe, Ohto
44436*
Ohio - The Van Wert ARC will hold their Annual Picnic
on Sunday July 26 A Jubilee Park, Van Wert (at the north
end of Market JStJ. Swap table, auction* flea market, potluck
lunch (bring table service and covered (fish) caftee and cold
drinks furnished.
Ohio - The 3rd Annual Ohio Traffic Nets Picnic will be
held 00 August I at the f Hentangy Caverns, 7 miles north of
Wortbington just off Route 23.
Ontario - The Annual Picnic of the Amateur Radio
Wideband Association will be held at Flora Gorge Park, flora,
Ontario on July 11 and 12-
Penn sylvan La - The Mt. Airy Y.N.F. Radio Cluh (The
Pack Rats) will hold Its 15th Annual family Day and Picnic
on Sunday, August 9 train date August 16J at Fort
Washington State Park, blourtown, Pa. The Delaware Valley
Chapter of the QCWA will again join us this year. Games for
all ages, wring your lunch and your family, tree soda for all.
QST for
Talk-in on 50.2 and 145.2 MHz. Follow the Pack Rat Si&»
on Route 309. No reservation* required. (2.11(1 per family, IS YOURS ON FILE
Pennsylvania - The South Hills Bias* Pounders & Modula- WITH YOUR QSL MGG
tors, Inc. Hamfcst will be held August 2 from noon until
dusk at SL Clair Beach, McMuzry, PJu Registration forms
available from Brian Abop, WA3KOS, 5073 Grove Rd.,
Pittsburgh, PA 1523*. Fun for alU cw contest, QRP e»nt
tlea market, rolling ptn throwing contest (XYLs onlyl, and
many other events.
Quebec - Le congres annuel de 1* Association Provinciate
du Quebec IRAQI) aunt lieu dan* la vilie de Quebec lex I U-l 1
et 12 juiliet prochuin, Conferences* banquet, danse, acthrites
pour toute la famille; volia ce qui vous attend au Congres de
cctte annee. J out left gar* du nioride a Quebec! bieiwenue a
tous! UOUK Wakeslee, W1KLJK, assistant technical editor of
QSTt will be representing ARRL. Don't forget that the RAQl
Convention will be held m Quebec City, July LO-11 and i t A.RwlLLm QSL Bureau
Welcome to all of you! The function of ihe AHRL QKI. Ruraau » to facilitate
Tennessee - The Oak Ridge Radio Operators Club will dfllvrrv to amateurs in the United States, iti poaacaaiona and
sponsor the 21st Annual Crossville Hamfest. There will be a Cjtiadi, of Chose US I cards nhich arrive from Kimttur *tatlnnft
In other parts nf the warld, All you have to do n tend yniif frSL
banquet at the CrowviUe Holiday Inn Saturday, July IB at manager (see list belowi a stamped, self-addreued envelope,
6; 3D. Mr. H. James Kittle, Project Engineer for Drake will about 4% by 9H inches in sue.wirh y«ur name and addre«.in the
give a discourse on Transceiver Design. On Sunday there will usual place on the front of the envelope and your uall printed In
be u dutch-treat picnic. For more information contact Oak capital letter* in the upper left-hand tonwr.
Ridge Radio Operators Club, ln£, P.O. Box ttl, Oak Ridge, Card* for ttatiOM in the United SUtaa and Canada bhould be
lent to the proper u t l l M bureau listed below. Recent changes
TN 37830, are In bold face,
Texas - Flam and CB Swapfest and Picnic, Sunday, \VJ,K1 ,WA | »\VM * - Hampden County kadio Afctfociation. Box
August 9 at the City Park in Levefland. Sponsored by the 216k (tM-est Park Station, tiprinttietd, Masa. 01108,
Northwest Texas Kmergency Net and I^velbnd Communica- W3tK2,WA2aWB2,WN? North Jemey 1)X Aaan- K) Box 404,
tions Club, this event is for the entire family, firing your own Kirigewood, New J e w * U74S1.
WJ,KiMAJ,WN3 - J«w tUebarman. WJKt, KD I, Valley Hill
picnic basket. Registration begins at 9:00 A.M, Lunch at Kd., Malvern. Pennsylvania
J 300, Mobile talk-in on 3.950 kHz and channel 11. W4,K4 - H. L. ParruJi, K4HX*, RF» 5, bit* 8(14, Hickory,
Virginia - The Shenandoah Valley ARC will sponsor thtir North l iiftiliru Muni.
WA4,Wb4,WN4i - J, k. Kaker, W4LR, 1402 Oran«e St„
Hamfest-Swapfest on August 1 and 2 at the National Guard Melbourne Beach, Morida 32951.
Armory, Winchester, Va, There will be a banquet oft WS.KSAVAi.WNS - Kenneth b bbell.W^QMJ, Mlh k««terfield
Saturday evening with a speaker and the film, Hanrt Wide Blvd.. Knld, Oklahoma 7,^01
World, For more information - contact George Ritter, W^,Ko,WA£],Wti6t^N6l - No. Calitarnli UX Club, box 11, Los
W4UGX, R H ) ' S , Winchester, VA 22601. Mtos. Califomta 94031.
W?,K7.WA7,WN7 - Wflllamotte Valley n x Club, Cnc., PO ba*
Washington - The Washington State HamTetf will be July l^rrlflnd» f.^re«»n m7?u7
It and 12 at the Sportsmen's Chateau. 164th and Canyon Wa. ku^WAtl.WNs1 v Cuiumbua Amateur' Kadio A*mi„ Radio
Rq*>HK 280 t, Broad St.. Oolumbua, Ohio. 43115,
Rd., south of Tacoma. Activities include CW Awards we.KUiWAMVm - P- Wrren. W«MSG, Hox FltihuiM,
Program, QLJF and WAS contests, mobile judging and mobile 11 lino it oOl
cltlciency contests, technical meeting*, technical displays, - Molnea Kadio Amatvur AunM PO box
OCWA display, manufacturers' displays* 75-and lU-meter Stt, Uaa Mottles* U>wa S030I.
KP4 - Alkia Radrlpte4| KH4C1.* K> &>x 1 0 6 S a n Juan, P.R.
mobile hunts, swap shop, hole-in-one contest, activities for
the ladies and children, after dinner program, etc. Camping K/S - Oloiia W. Speara, KZHtf, Bov 407. Balboa, Canat Aone.
space available on the grounds at $1.00 per night with free KH6tWH6 - Juhn H, Uka, KH6Uy, prj UOK IOI, Alea, Uahu,
electrical hookup. Talk-in on 3.970, 50.5, and 146.76 MH*, Hawaii 0b701.
$5.UU Includes Saturday evening dinner and registration. KL7,WK7 4J»ka QSL tioreaii. Star Route C. Waulla, Alaska
Children under 12 31,50 for dinner only. Logger's breakfast Vtl - LJ. hader, Vt I l-y, HU Bok 66i, Hetitiix, N.S,
verved by the d u b Sunday for only SI.25* Snack bar open V> J lAhn Havanxcmft, VE ?NV, JSJ thomcmt Ave r
both days, AU dinner reservations must be made In advance, Montreal 7KOt C/uebec.
Foi information, Hamfest tickets or motel reservations, VE3 - W,M. Buckley, V£4UW, 20 Almont Road, Downview.
contact John Austin, K7CZP, 8478 Eastside Dr., N.E., Ontario.
T k m m , WA 98422, VE4 - McVittie. VL4UX, 647 ALulemy Road, Winnipeg g,
Manitoba.
Wisconsin The Wisconsin Amateur Radio Picnic, VE5 A. Uoyd Jones* VESJI, 2 f t Grant Rd., Reglna,
sponsored by the Wisconsin Nets As&o* will be held at Sa&katchewiia.
Oschnex Park in fiaraboo on July iZ. Activities will include Vtb - Kjrel IcttcUix, Vt6AAV, Sub. K j 55, N, tidmontun.
code receiving contests, auttbdl ladies activities and Alberta.
VK? • H.R. Hough, VTTHR, 1291 Simon Rnad, Wtnrta,
eye*boll Refreshments ace included with regittRUkm Hritish Columbia.
but bring your own lunch. Registration begins at 10:00 AM. VtS - twerps I, Koa0», Vka AKKL V&L Bureau <it Uepait-
Registration is $1.50 single, or $2.50 for Family. inent of TniOfcpytt, Korm*rt Welb. V W.T.
VOl - brni»t Ash, VOtAA, Hi.\ nt lohnX Newfound-
land.
VU2 - Cjouse Bay Amateur Kadio Club, PO Bo* UH*»
Bay, Labrador.
COMING A.R.&.U CONVENTIONS SWU Lerov Waite, Hannum l>tn Battston Spa, New Yortr
I
July 4-5 - Weat Virginia State, Jackson ^Tlme bureau* prefer Sx* inch or rrSU namla eviveJopea.
Milk. QSL Bureaus for other LI.S.FuaM*bJum and for other coun-
July 18-19 - Weat Gulf Division, Orange, tnat appear in the June *nri iVo^mber wtim of QXT.
Texas.
S e p t e m b e r 19-20 - Georgia S t a t e , Augusta.
September 25-27 - NATIONAL, Boston, Chang&s Address
Mas*. Please advise u* direct o f a n y c h a n g e nf a d d r e s s .
O c t o b e r 17-18 - Hudson Division, As o u r a d d r e s s labels are p r e p a r e d In a d v a n c e ,
Tarrytown, N.Y. pleane a l l o w six week* rmfice. W h e n t i u t i f y i n g ,
OcL31/Nov.l - Roanoke Division, Raleigh, please give o l d a» well n e w a d d r e s s a n d Zip
N.C. c o d e s . Vuur p r o m p t n e s s will h e l p y o u , t h e postal
service a n d us. T h a n k s .

July 1970 53
 ^Recent Equipment
a c q u a i n t - y o u with, the technical.
Drake TR-6 50-MHz Transceiver
W 7 l ; 1TND to think of a sideband transceiver as
" a n isolated piece of ham gcar.uscful mainly on
its own, or perhaps as a driver for a linear
amplifier. The Drake TR-b has uibt about every
imaginable operating feature, either built-in vi
available us an extra-cost option, and it also makes
provision tor use with other units of a multiband
amateur station, Thus, the vhf-oriented amateur
CAD use thi* major item of his station as the nucleus
i>t' u plan far the future, adding jcce*sories and
optional operating conveniences a* his needs and
personal finance* dictate, Of course Drake has its
own twar in mind for much of this, but the fallow
who likes to do some ut his own building will find
attractions in the TR-6 versatility, as welt.
He urn start with the "basic* TR-fi, with or
without it* puwer supply, speaker, dtul other
primary operating accessories For home-station
work he will probably want the Drake A C 4 Power
Supply, He may already have it, a* it is used with
other Drake items, hot mobile operation lie can
add the l)C4 supply, to work from the car battery.
(Drake's AC-3, DC-3 and DC-24 supplies, the last
tor 24-volt service, ate also suitable with the TR-6.1
\ t this point our hero has a 50-MHz transceiver
taipable of 300 watts PEP input on ssb or a-m, and
26U watts on cw or fsk. His receiver sensitivity is
j(I he could ask for, and the selectivity is optimum
for 50-MHz ssb. If he expects to work a-m or cw
extensively* his next step will probably be plug-in
filters for optimum selectivity for these modes, 6
KHz for a-m, 2.4 kllz for ssb, and n.3 kHz for cw.
A special filter is needed for lower-sideband
operation, but since nearly all 6-meter work is
upper-sideband, this is a lower-priority option.
L'requencv coverage of the IR-6 in this form is
49.9 to 51.0 MHz. Other overlapping 600-kHz
tuning ranges can be provided for a total of nine
500-kH* segments from 49.5 to 54 MHz, with
plug-in crystals available as extra-cost options.
Activity i\ concentrated mainly near the low end
of the band, so these can wait for more urgent
acquisitions, to be described later.
One difficulty with most ssb transceivers, for
vhf operation at least, is being Irmited to working
stations on one's own frequency. The transceiver
has been a major cause of (JRM provlems in the vhf
hand*. These bands are wide enough to support an
enormous u mount of activity without serious
interfere nee, were it not for the channelization
that the transceiver encourages. The TR-fi system
offers a way out of this. With the Drake RV-6. or
your own remote VFO, you can control either the
54
features of c u r r e n t g m a f a g u ^ g
transmitting or receiving frequency, or you mn
switch the VFO off jnd go over to normal
transceiver operation, when it is desirable.
Similarly, the Drake Model FF-l Fixed-Frequency
Adapter allows crystal-controlled operation of
either the tmn&mitter or receiver,
A 14-Mllz input-output jack on the '1 R-b open*
up options such as external vhf or uhf receiving
converters, e\ternal receivers* jnd heterodyning
units for using the TR-6 features on other hand*,
from ht to uhf. The equipment can be used with
2-meter transverters, Drake- designed OT otherwise.
If mobile operation with the TR-6 w planned,
the Drake Model 9-NB Noise blanker i* n roust.
This mounts inside the cabinet by merely plugging
in, and its operation is provided for on the front
panel. The MUK-3 Mobile Mount will very likely
be needed, well. A simple but handy option for
the home-station operator is an attortmcnt of
mounting feet, permitting horizontal positioning,
or two settings of upward tilt.
How It Works
In this writer's opinion the TR-6 is a complex
piece of equipment, and the purchaser may have
some difficulty understanding its basic functions
when reading the instruction book, its 57 pages of
text are not readily digc&ted, even hy the
experienced reader, and its block and schematic
diagrams are understandable only after intensive
study. To the uniniated, the complex schematic
presentation i& likely to remain a mass of long
parallel tines, and innumerable crossovers.
Admittedly a simple description of this sort of
equipment is not easy, and the block-diagram
approach may leave its user open to charges of
over-simplification. The TR-6 book Joes have, the
information* which is more than can be *aid from
some manuals, even if it is not in the most
easily-read form. In our block diagram. Fig. 1, we
have tried to clarify stage functions and signal
paths by separating the transmitting and receiving
elements, insofar as possible. When the same stage
or component is used for both purposes, it is
shown twice in out diagram, or drawn In broken
lines, or both. We have deliberately lett otf type
numbers of tubes and transistors* since they tend
to be of minor importance to the casual reader.
QST for
 AVC PflQO
AMP OCT

Fig. 1 — Block diagram of the Drake TR-6 transceiver, showing principal receiving and transmitting
functions. Several of the 19 vacuum tubes, 13 transistors and 12 diodes are not shown herein, in the
interest of clarity for major functions. Similarly, the component type numbers are omitted from the
drawing.

Pig. 2 - Principal details of the PTO and buffer on the Drake TR-6. Values of C I and C6 aru selected
during production, to achieve the best possible dial calibration with a given tuning assembly. The PTO
covers 4.9 to 5.5 MH2, and is driven by the main dial. Its frequency is shifted automatically in changing
modes, with external circuitry not shown here. An fsk voltage can be fed into the jack so marked, for
transmission of R T T Y information. Note the low-pass filter in the buffer collector circuit, to keep
harmonics out of the following circuits.

July 1970 55
 001 100 jJOl TO AOC Fig. 3 - The re-
O^-Vvv ceiver front end of
the TR-6 usee a
cascode rf amplifier
circuit, Parts la-
1 I ciil J ^l^L* belling Is the some
RE1AV 4T0 as in the Drake

T manual. Note the

impedance matching
in the input circuit,
i 3am the fixed ca-
pacitive-bridge neu-
tralization, and the
bandpass interstage
E ' C L A F MS IWIEATEO, 0CCIMJ4.
VALUE* W CAPACITANCE ARC
coupling. External
IN MKROFAftADSIjjFr.OTHEffS T j-co mi control and power
JAC IK PICOFARADS I pF OR p*f\\ TWITCH ^UKC circuits were omit-
RESISTANCES ARE IN OHMSJ ted in the interest of
fc>l0OO,|H»JU<JUM)O clarity.

The TR-6 uin he thought of a* a 14-MHz ssb
rip, with tramverting circuitry to make it work on
the 60-MHz band- T o generate a 14-MHz ssb signal
it use* the popular 5 + 9 system, the central
element of which ts the transistorised
permeability-tuned oscillator tPTO) covering 4*9 to
5.5 MHz. This U driven by a smoofh-wotkine and
well-calibrated main iliaL Permeability tuning has
udvantages, but it has not been used extensively by
home-builders of ham gear. A look at the simple
schematic of the PTO in the TR-6, Hig. 2, may
encourage gailsgetcers tu attack Che
not-too-fnrmidable problem of moving a core into
and out o f a coiL
if you decide to try it, use this hookup, not the
one shown in the TR-6 manual. The draftsman
responsible Fi^r theirs made the classic error of
grounding the high side of the dc supply for the
PTO.
The cascodc rf circuit* of the receiver front end
jrc- shown in Fig. it ha* elements of interest to
the vhf converter builder. Note particularly the
impedance-matching front end, 110, L11 and
CI 20, and the neutralization by mean* of the fixed
eapacitive-bridge network, C299, C I 9 2 and 1:298.
Details of the age and switching circuits are
omitted in this diagram in (he interest of clarity.
The interstage coupling circuit cunsists of T17. a
*hiclderi rf assembly* 0188, L15, and its series
capacitors,C149 and C29S.
The injection oscillator, Q7, has nine crystal
positions <two crystals supplied) for frequencies in
500-ktTz increments, from 35.5 to 39.5 MHz. (13,9
MHz below the low ends of the nine overlapping
tuning ranges, cach covering 600 kHz.) The
first-intermediate-frequency Mgnah 13.9 to 14.5
Mhz, i& then fed to * second mixer, V3< which is
the fust vacuum tube in the receiver lineup. The
tunable-oscillator energy beats with the signal to
produce a 9-MHz output, which then goes through
the i-f filter, labelled F L I in Mg. 1. The actual
frequency of this filter depends on whether it is to
be Tor a-m. ush, lsh4 or cw- 'J'wo 9-MHz i-f
amplifier V I 1 and V12. feed either a
product detector, V I 6 » ox the a-m detcctoi, V2.
The audio output nf either is then amplified in
V I 7 , Ihc PTO is the primary frequency-control
element of the transmitter portion as well, the
heterodyning operations taking place in reverse
order when transmitting. A t the lower left of f i g .
I , we start with the VOX system and the *pecch
amplifier. The audio voltage and the energy from
the 9-MH7, oscillator, V I 6 , tire combined in the
balanced modulator (4 diodes). The resulting
double-sideband signal is amplified in V I 5 and
then fed through the previously-mentioned i-f
filter Output of the filter is m the final form that

Interior of the TR-6, with the Not** Blanker

installed. Transmitter output stage, with three
6JB6 sweep tube* in parallel, is At the tower right.
The PTO, driven by the vernier dial, is in the upper
left corner, with the noise blanker directly below
it. The plug-in filters for a-m and cw bandwidth!
are in the upper center.

56 QST for
the on-the-air signal will take, except that it is on 9
MHz. The PTO, the 9-frequency crystal oscillator,
and two mixers. V7 and V4, convert the signal to
the 50-MHz band, whereupon it passes to the
driver, V6, and final amplifier. The output stage
uses three sweep tube*, V8 t V9 and V10, in
parallel. Amplitude modulation, when used, is
supplied to the screens of the sweep tubes from
V14. resulting in controlied-carrier operation.

Operation
For all its complexity, and to some extent
because of it, the TR*6 is Kurprisingly easy to
operate. Adjustments usually made In sideband rigs
when changing modes arc taken care of
automatically. The operator can easily switch
between sub, cw and a-m, and he tuned up for
optimum results on each mode. Tim is a fur cry
from the procedure that must be followed with
some ssb layouts, including the writer's, if the
initial tijneup is done according to the very simple
»tep-by-step procedure given in the manual, signal
quality will be good in all positions, and voice
levels will be dose to optimum for bc*t readability.
In considerable operating experience with the
TR-6, we have found only two points which require
careful attention. One is that the load the
transmitter "seesM must be close to 50 ohms, or
you can run into trouble quickly with final-tube
deterioration. Sweep tubes arc relatively inexpen-
sive, and they work well in linear-amplifier service,
but they are not tolerant, if operated near their
maximum rating* for extended periods of time.
With the TR-6, you watch your SWK - or else.
And you don't just run to the nearest radio or TV
store and buy three new tubes If you damage the
urigjnafs. With three in parallel, the tubes must he
of nearly identical characteristics, or you're in for
troubles.
The other point concerns carrier suppression.
The manual says "The carrier balance control is
factory adjusted, and should not require resetting
under most conditions/* At least two TR-6s we've
encountered make this statement seem a bit on the
optimistic side. A little carrier is not important in
weak-signal ssb work, and it may even help some
fellowt you work to tune the signal m properly,
bijt appreciable deterioration in carrier balance can
bring on undesirable signal characteristics with the
TR-6. Especially if you're working locals, your
carricr becomes, very obvious in the form of a
hum my background on your signal, if the
balancing adjustment is not "right on/* The
automatic level control in the 1R-6 is effective in
holding peaks down, and average level of audio up,
hut with appreciable carrier the modulation caused
by noise and hum can be objectionable, over
high-signal paths*
The cure is careful attention to the carrier-
balance adjustments, not only the control so
labelled (R185, at'the rear of the chassis) but also
CI 27, alongside it, The took cautions against
nulling the carrier before at least a half-hour
warmup. Wc found this point ro be deserving of
emphasis. Though the TR-6 \i very stable as to
frequency, there is a marked change in carrier
Bottom of the TR-6, with the final amplifier stage
in the lower left corner. Jacks for phones, key and
microphone are along the right side of the chassis,
as are controls for vox, antivox and S-meter zero
adjustment. The power source plugs onto a fitting
on1 the rear wall. The socket in the upper
right-center is for connecting the remote vto, if
used. Plug-in crystals dnd their range^selector
switch are in the upper left-center.
rejection in the early minutes after turn-on. We'd
Teconimend the half-hour warmup h e f o r w / H m t i n g ,
wherever possible, as well as before adjustment.
Krom the standpoint of operating convenience
and effectiveness in making contacts, using the
TR-6 is a very pleasant husiness. The quick and
easy mode switching is ex pec Lilly nice, and the cw
performance should do much to encourage the
newcomer to the 50-MHz band t o make use of this
much-neglected mode. The shaped keying results in
a fine Cw signal on the air. and the automatic
side tone gives the inexperienced cw operator great
assurance and helps mightily to improve his fist.
This is a feature long overdue in 50-MHz stations!
The writer used the TR-6 extensively in various
kinds of operating, and found its. versatility and
almost foolproof adjustment provided <t new
measure of satisfaction and pleasure in 50-Mllz
multi-mode work. Its effectiveness in the heat of
the 1970 ARKL VHF Sweepstakes was particularly
noteworthy.
There's always at least one " b u t " it seems. The
writer's one gripe re&irding operational aspects of
the TR-6 is that in going from sideband to a-m,
you have tn pn through the cw position on the
mode switch, in order for the TR-6 to operate in
the other modes the keying jack must he dosed.
either by its own normally-closed contact*, ur hy
those of a key plugged into the jack. With the

Jujy 1970 57
mode switch in the cw position, the signal goes on
the air when the jack is closed. Thus you cannot
switch from ssb to u-m, or back again, without
putting a burst of cw on the frequency. During the
VHl ; SS, for some hours we wondered about the
beeps wc uften heard when we snagged some uf (he
more difficult Sections, until we suddenly realized
that they were produced by some of our
TR-6-u*mg competitors, moving in for a shot at the
new multiplier, and switching modes!
The description of the TR-6 given here is by no
means complete. Rather, we have mentioned
mainly those items in which this equipment is
unusual or unique. Just about every other feature
normally found in hf sideband gear is included in
the TR-6. Operators who have had experience with
other Drake equipment will find much of the TR-6
familiar. -- WIHDQ
The Ultimate Transmatch
fContinued from p. 27)
MHz, this same line would have a loss uf slightly
less than 1 dB. However as the SWR rises, so do
the losses- With an SWR of 10 to L for exampk\
the additional losses at 3,5 MHz would amount to
about 0,6dB, or an overall loss of about 1 dB» For
the same SWR at 28 MHz, the losses would be
about 2.5 dB, or a total loss of about 3.5 tfB, For
the benefit of the Novice, a loss of i dB would
mean half of the output power from the rig would
be dissipated in I Ofl feet of line. Therefore* one
tfiuld easily tolerate the condition at 80 meters,
but the Josses would be prohibitive at 28 MHz.
Following this reasoning, it would mean that the
amateui would be wise to keep the match at the
antenna feed point as close to 50 ohms as possible,
and thereby keep the SWR low.
With trap or multiple dipoles, the SWR should
be less than 5 to 1, and with such a system the
Transmatch would be ideal. Keep in mind that you
must provide a load For a transceiver or amplifier
that is close to 50 ohms. The Transmatch will
provide a means.
In a eoax-to-coax system, set both C1 and 02 at
maximum capacitance (plates fully meshed), then
f m l enough power through the Transmatch to get
a full-scale forward reading on your SWR Indicator.
It is always important to use low power when
adjusting a Transmatch Next switch the SWR
bridge to read reflected powcrt then run the roller
inductor slowly through its range. At some point
you will notice a sharp dip in the rcflcctcd-powct
reading. Once this point is reached you should
adjust CI and C2, with possibly a slight adjustment
of the roller coil, to g£t a perfect match. Power can
then be increased to the desired level. You'll find
that several different settings of the Transmatch
may provide a perfect match. JTie one to shoot for
is the condition that requires the most capacitance
at CI and C2 for a matched condition.
If a random-length* end-fed antenna is used,
merely connect the end of the antenna to terminal
J3, Fig. IB, and go through the adjustment
procedures outlined above, it is helpftil to have an
58
Drake TR-6 50-MHz Transceiver
Height: 5 7/16 inches.
Width: 10 3/4 inches.
Depth: 14 1/4 inches.
Weight: 15 3/4 pounds.
Power Requirements: 650 volts dc at SOU
ill A, 250 volts dc at 175 mA,
volts a d a t a b l e into .KIv0UU-nhm
load, 12.6 volts at 5,5 A. These
voltages arc furnished bv the Drake
A C-X A C 4 , DC-3. LKM and UC-24
power supplies.
Price Class: $6(10, less power supply, spea-
ker and other optional accessories.
Manufacturer: R, L. Drake Co., Miamisburg
Ohio 45324,
earth ground connection on the Transmatch. Also,
if possible, use an antenna length that comes out to
a quarter wavelength, or odd multiple thereof.
Such an antenna will be of low impedance, and will
rcduce the chances of high rf voltages appealing on
the Transmatch or associated equipment.
If balanced feeders are used, the feeders should
be connected to terminals 44 and S5 with a short
jumper connected between terminals J 3 and J4.
Again, the previously-discussed tune-up and adjust-
ment procedures should be followed in setting up
the Transmatch.
Some Other Thoughts
Some amateurs might be concerned about the
amount of voltage that can be developed in a
mismatched coaxial line. In a matched condition,
with 1000 watts in a 50-ohm line, the rf voltage
would be about 220 volts. With a standing-wave
ratio of 20 to I <!), the increase in voltage would
be 4 1/2 times, or approximately volts. Ihi*
however, is well within the rating of the RG-8/U
cable.
This, Transmatch should satisfy the needs of
those hams who ik'sirc a multiband unit without
switches ur plug-in coils. Once the settings tor the
controls are determined, a chart can be made up
for any given installation. Band changing is then
quickly done. jq'afr-^
QST for
 In the Public Interest, Convenience.Necessitymil
CONDUCTED BY GEORGE HART,* W1NJM
ARRL and MARS
APRIL 16, representatives of the three
^ M A R S services (Army, Navy-Marine Corps and
Air Force) and ARRL got together in a
conference room in the Forrcstat Building in
Washington to spend a full day discussing the
relationship between the MARS and ARRL pro-
grams for public service and in general to seefr
accord in alt operations. This it* a brief report on
what was discussed and accomplished.
First* a bit of background. A R R L first came
iuto contact with the military services back in the
twenties when both the Army and Navy (no
separate Air Force then) contacted A R R L to seek
assistance in organizing reserve* o f amateur oper-
ators to train in military procedures The Army
program evolved into the Army Amateur Radio
System with nets operating in the amateur bands
using regular amateur calls, and the Navy program
became the' Volunteer Communications Reserve
with nets operating outside the amateur bands
using N instead of W for the prefix ino K"s or WA's
or WB's then). Stations outside the amateur bands
(3497.5 and 6990 kc.) in the Army circuits were
assigned calls in the WL block - usually three-
letter calls for national and Corps Area head-
quarters IWLM, WLG, WLN* WLQ, WLR, WLJ t
WL1\ WLU, WLH and WLV) and four-letter calls
for amateur stations. In the thirties, AARS oper-
ation was quite prominent, and WL calls were even
listed in the BPL. However, amateurs operating in
AARS were not reservists and had no reserve
status. I h e y were just amateurs taking port in a
program sponsored by the U.S, Army Signal Corps,
The Navy program was somewhat different.
Those signing up in the Navy's VCR were required
to pass a physical exam and actually were part of
the U.S. Naval Reserve. All operations were con-
ducted on Navy frequencies, using N call letters.
Naturally, from the standpoint both o f numbers
and ubiquitousness. the Army program was much
the more prominent of the two a* fai a& we
amateurs were concerned The unpleasantness
with Germany and Japan in the early forties put an
end to AARS, which was reorganized after the war
* (Joinniuaic&tioa* M&aatfer, AKttL
At the Pacific Division Director's meeting on April
4 , W6DEF. left, EC of Redwood City, was pre-
sented with a certificate of appreciation for eleven
years of continuous monthly reporting to the SEC.
Presenting the award rs W6ZRJ, center, white
W6YHM, who alto received a vote of thanks for his
pest services as Vice Director, looks on.
July 1970
into the Military Amateur Radio Service by the
Army and Air Force, renamed Military Affiliate
Radio Service very shortly afterward. The Navy
continued its communications reserve plan for a
time, then organized its own MARS program and is
now as deeply embroiled in it as are either the
Army or Air Force.
ARRL has- always maintained a close working
relationship with the armed services and it has
never been the intention to allow such a relation-
ship to deteriorate. Partly because o f pre-
occupation with internal problems both in MARS
and the ARRL programs in recent years the
amount of "interface" between the League and the
military has seemed to have diminished In order to
get back on the firm cordial footing that has
characterized the relationship in previous years, at
the behest of ARRL, representatives o f the three
MARS services and the League got together for, as
they say in international diplomatic circles,
fc%talks"
Who were present? The following: Ed
Liscombe, K4KNV, Chief Army MARS and
Mas ter-of-Cere monies; Joe Ziglinski, W4D1N,
Deputy Chief Army MARS; Lt. Jim Pagan, Chief
Navy-Marine Corps MARS; Chris Walker. W4SSN,
Deputy Chief Navy-Marine Corps MARS; Lt. Clyde
ChappelU MARS Liaison officer-Marine Corp*;
Capt. Jan P. Huggins, WB40NK, Chief Air Force
MARS; Herman Philbeck, W4LWC, Deputy Chief
Air Force MARS; TSgt. John Husar, WA20KP, Air
Force MARS observer; Don Meserve, W0I1C«, NIAC
observer. And, of course, your reporter W1NJM.
The conference* kept at a very informal and
man-to-man level throughout, started out with a
vigorous discussion o f the status of MARS as an
amateur service. This was kicked off by the ARRL
representative reading an excerpt from an amateur
publication in which the status of MARS as an
entity quite apart from the amateur service was
expounded at some length. All three MARS chiefs
expressed firm disagreement with this philosophy.
 PuNk Service Honor Roll April, 1970
This luting uvuiiable to uiuiteuni whose public service VF4E-0 in 16 12 3 43
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for itftagpjy. WRI T* in s (6 b 4 41
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WA2XCU 10 S 16 12 43 K2<>QJ to 5 12 3 30
K2KIR lo Id n 4A K4BXF in * 12 3 30
W2RUF 10 14 12 5 43 W6FJT with i total or 31 P5HR poInU In Cftttgorin (2)
W3U)S 10 16 12 43 (4) 6 and fo) 20, w u ifi&ctvrr tartly omitted from tht
WfeUAi. 10 5 16 12 44 *tovfmbef ItflCins-
WA7KOB 10 5 16 12 43 4
iMnotos multloperator station.
K8NCV S
16
(2 12 9 5 U Category Key. (1) Ctarckfo* into cw nrts; <2> CheckM*
K0AKM 10 12 5 45 into phonr/RITY o t t i ; l3> Nt!S l w net*; H I NcS
KfMRl 10 f«i 12 5 43 p h o n t / K n Y tiets; <5> Fertorfttirtit Hafcnn; (6) L r p l phone
WAJOTO Nl $ lb 12 43 pAfchtt: (7) Making BPLs(8) Handling fcmerjjrticy traffic; <*>
WA0WF? 10 s 16 12 43 S erring at net manager.

Ed Liscombe especially saying that this haft always
been a sore point with him, and that although
MARS doc* operate outside the amateur band* and
does not use amateur call prefixes, its personnel are
licensed radio amateurs with the same kind of
"amateur spirit" and fraternalism that are found
among those amateurs who operate only in the
amateur bands: That some amateurs choose to
confine their operation exclusively to MARS t* of
their own choice, but not through any urging on
the part of MARS policy; quite the contrary* the
policy has always been to encourage amateur-band
activity and ARRL affiliation.
This basic point thus disposed of, the discussion
went on to cover other points, one of which was
coverage of MARS in QST,[ At one time there was a
MARS column, but this dwindled away as suitable
material for it failed to be forthcoming for various
reasons. No arrangements were made for regular
MARS coverage in QST, hut agreement was
reached in principle that items submitted would
receive coverage if considered suitable from an
editorial standpoint In that connection it was
made plain that QST ordinarily does not print
^canned** material.
The next item was the routing of Vietnam and
other AFO-FPO traffic. Naturally, the subject of
phone patches with Vietnam came into the discus-
sion. The MARS people arc very proud of their
morale phone patching record, and rightfully so.
Nevertheless, for more than an hour the discussion
centered around the various methods used by the

60 QST lot
 three separate MARS programs in handling written
message traffic. It was tacitly agreed among all
iiuicrrncd that the present method being used
within NTS to handle SUA traffic (via RNf> and a
specially-staffed corps at that Icvef to make the
MARS transfer! is satisfactory, that a similar staff
might be set up in the Rastern Area (3RN> it'
feasible, in order to get the traffic into MARS
more quickly* and that no special arrangements
need be made for handling APO/FPO-NY traffic
sincc there is a comparatively small amound of it.
During the course of the day* the theme of
non-interfeiencc with any ARRLrsponsoTed or any
other amateur-sponsored activity was oft repeated.
Claims uf any such interference or usurpation arc
purely myths, said the MARS chiefs. The policy is
to lend assistance to civilian projects only if or
when specifically requested to do so, otherwise
sticking to military-type activities. When operating
in the amateur bands, stations licensed to military
posts arc amateur stations, not military stations,
and are supposed to conduct themselves as such,
including the procedure used. Occasionally a mili-
tary-post station ur a local MARS unit violates this
policy, but this is exceptional and not to be Kentucky SCM W40YI presents a certificate to
condoned by MARS headquarters or taken as an newly appointed Emergency Coordinator WA4ZSJ
attempt to become involved in traditional amateur at a meeting of the Murray State College Amateur
prerogatives. Radio Club in May.
This get-together presented an opportunity to
"clear the air." and much was cleared in its don't ijuite understand the aversion to mailing a
one-day duration. Such was the dcgTee of rapport message or, if it'll to a nearby neighbor, to
between the various interests involved that it was hand-delivering it, I have In the past checked Into
determined to hold such geMogethers more fre- nets and alt ho I was 200 miles from a delivery
quently, say every six months or so, in Washington. point and another station in the net was just 1 S
So if you have matters you wouid like us to take miles away* he wouid refuse to accept the message
if he could not telephone the addressee. Some have
up with the MARS chiefs next trip, drop us a line* even copied and acknowledged receipt of the
- WINJM. message and then later told me the phone was not
in service and asked me to find another way to get
it delivered. I have even seen service messages
Traffic Talk coming all the way across the country explaining
K4KNP points nut the benefits of keeping tabs to the originating station that it was Impossible to
of the traffic in a net, while participating, by deliver because (the addressee) did not have a
"doodling" on the NC-SV. instructions. If net telephone! Please deliver me from that kind of
members follow the progress of the net by taking public'service. My policy has been and always wilt
an active interest in what the NCS Is doing, they be: If I'm the station closest to the delivery point,
can receive a number of training and efficiency route H to me and I will deliver. (Let's) DELIVER
benefits, such as: ( l ) fcach station will, in effect, be A PULL MEASURE OF PUBLIC SERVICE TO
"making like the NCS*; that Is, hell be training ALL and not just to those who can afford to have
himself to be NCS by knowing what the problems a telephone," Wet! «aid, Seth,
are snd how to cope with them. (2) NC S's Third subject; W6WLV suggests using the
instructions will need lens explanation, since the traffic nets to notify DX-in teres ted operators that
Mtuation of the net, who has traffic for whom, their QSL. bureau has cards for them. This is being
etc., will be known at all times; this will greatly accomplished in the San Francisco area by the
increase efficiency. (3) The. general spirit and Northern California DX Club (handling the Wft
responsiveness of net stations wilf increase. If QSL Bureau) in conjunction with nets and traffic
everyone knows the exact net situation, it stands men in the area. The NODXO furnishes them with
to reason that most of them will he able to predict lists of calls of people with cards in the bureau and
the NCS*» next move and be rendy for it. they originate message* accordingly. Those re-
In other words, a net whose members are alt ceiving the messages seem to be happy* and the
NCS's is a sharp net, even though only one of its nets are happy to get the traffic. Sound like a good
members is going through the motions. idea? Try it on your QSL Bureau, see P* June
New subject; An article in Zetv Beat, bulletin QST. - W1NJM.
of the Southern California Net (NTS), discusses the National Traffic System, W2FR tayt April wac mte of
use of telephone numbers on messages. This is (brim months that manager* dun^t tike to talk about. W3NKM
highly desirable, of course, but attention is called reports about the same thing from 3RN, but goes on to *a>
to the attitude of some traffickers that messages things have stablifrrd for the moment. W7RQ nays that the
without telephone numbers cannot be delivered, or time change ami the onslaught or summer month* it
beginning to create problems with Saskatchewan and Alberta
that messages should not be originated unless a representation. W9HRY haft issued 9RN certificates to
telephone number ix available. SON Manager K4DZM, WB43 FDK, HQW, WOs E>LK FHJ, WAtot KAG and
WftLCP cannot go along with this. Says he: 2KX.
 April Reports Puhlic Service Diary
Met Traffic Rate Avf. Rep.{%> We have a laic report on the tornado which
FRN , , I . , . S* • J72 J1J 90.7 struck the heavily populated vacation resort area
?RN . . . , 394 .607 6,$ 97.4 •surrounding Bethany Fellowship, Minnesota, on
JRN . I . . . . b\ 4JO .423 7.2 97-9 August 6„ 1969. More than 500 persons were
4 K N . . . . . . 50 J94 7,9 79.5 injured, about ISO of which were serious enough
KN5 , . , , . . 60 621 .425 RN.4 93.0
RW6 • T ) I . . FRO 99.3 for hospitalization, and six were killed. More than
771 .I>29 !2vV
HN7 . . R . > » 60 49,8 fifty amateurs took part in communicating to and
BRN , „ . . . . bl 602 .405 9.9 94.1 from the disaster area, many uf which drove many
^>RN , , . . . . 60 587 .507 9.A 97.1 miles to be of assistance. W0AA/0 was used at the
vm . - R , . . ss 4M ,455 9.9 80.4 outgoing traffic and control station for the six days
ECN ..
. . . . bO 464 .426 7.7 S6.fi of the operation and K0ZZR handled some 500
T W N . , , - . , 59 304 .257 S.2 71.3
KAN . . . . . . JO IS37 1.225 St J 96.7 messages from the Minneapolis Red Cross, both
CAN . . . . . , JO 9R4 .962 3J.8 100.0 going into and coming from the disaster area.
PAN - . . . . . w I1J1 1.059 37,0 100.0 Minnesota SEC, WA0MZW, said about the
T 147* K24W operation, "Amateur radio and the operators that
ivx: Kastern . 1 1 9 * 663
T r r Cffntrvl . , !HI»
were active in this operation demonstrated the
i r r p»ciftc . . I M > „ willingness to help, the *ki]1 of operation, and the
Summary . . , 2274 19,899 KAN 12.0 stamina to get the job done right. They replaced all
Record . . , 2H,426 1.421 19.! normal means of communications in the area
Iffertlcm and tacol uvta wpoitme t43y. .\&N& (AU.); without a hitch. They gained the acceptance of
KYN4 FCATN NC8* SON (C«U: EPA. PTTN, 4*1
Iftvfre. EPAEPTN <?*); QKS 1 (KatiM;
(Kati*.>; PVTEW
PVTEW hu.>; dSN*
ttU.); M lf, civil defense and enhanced their position with the
»Tff cp«.>: BUM (bcSti; OZK (Alt.)I VgN, FTATN CFIus Red Cross and the general public. It was a smooth
'S^Aft RISTPN at.l,>; VSBN- VN tV*.>;
MN (MicnJ; IIJN (III,); OfeB. UN (Ohio); B#N <Qve.): W. operation with none that I have seen tn equal it-"
Suus. VHP; WSN (Wast); uLZ, StfZ rukU,); NYfl rN.YO; - WA$MZ W SEC Minnesota,
IN ilndi); WtfBN, WIN. WSSN, BEN (Wise,); CN (N. «nd &
Cmarj; CCN CCoIq.); MSPN, M&N, MJN (Mian.). • M « • I W

*TCC functions, not rmvnW ** net mriopi. Trans- While operating mobile In downtown Montreal
continental Corps» < . April Reports. on April 4, VP?APT dlacnvered an accident at the
Uut-of-Net
Area Functtnns% Succmfltl Truffle Traffic intersection of University Street and the Bona*
F^ITERN , , , , 119 llriMft 663 venture Expressway, Using the VF2RM repeater,
Central . , , . 'in 93,3 1306 VE2AKM was called and the police were sum-
PACIFIC 120 95,8 1862 931 moned, - VK2AI.K SHVQuehre.
Summary > > . 319 94,1 4&4a 2193
T he ICC Roster: Eastern Area 0V3EvMLt Ulr.i - Wis BJ« While returning from work on April 22,
NJM YKQ, Kl£5Ct V/A1JTM, W2* FR GKZ PU QC. K2> VE2BHH came upon an accident at the S$th
KIR KTK RYH, WA2s CAL HMO UWA, WB2SMD, WJtMU Avenue underpass of Highway 20 in Lachine, Que.
K3MVO, W4» NI,C SQQ K4KNP* WBUM. KS* KMQ
CJKV. WA*YVR. iVitfral Area (W^LCX, Dir.) - WJCHW, Again VE2AKM was summoned through the re-
K4» AT DTO, WSMI, CXY VAVt W ^ hAK VZM, peater and the police were notified. - VIC2ALE*
WA0* HI INH LCJX UCF ZHM, K$AVMt WA#s pfflf JAW SEC Quebec.
KVR. Pacific Area [W6VNQ, Dir.) - WSKK, W«s BljFBNX H I • • >
KOT IPW M.LF VNQ VZT, K6DYX, WA6« BKC LFA ROF,
W7» EM GHT KZ, WA7CLK K0JSJP. On April 36 a large number of Garfield County,
Ok fa., amateurs took part in a tornado watch using
2-meter fm and the Enid repeater, K5CAY op-
crated mobile from Vance Air Horce Base at the
radar operations center and relayed tracking Infor-
mation to those stations within the repeater's
range. WASZOO acted as liaison to the 7$-ineter
state net vriilch had been activated by WA5GJU.
Eventually y K N became so bad that WA5FSN
took over the NOS of the 301 5 net and WA50JU
established a liaison with the weather bureau in
Oklahoma City through WA5SOD/5. Two tornados
were tracked rnto the Enid area and touched down
in outlying sections of city. A number of rural
homes were damaged hut there were no deaths or
injuries. - WA5FSN. SEC Oklahoma.
M • • « H

\i about on May KttWJ*P wns

mohlling on 160 meters five miles southwest of

On April 5f a 32 year old man stepped from his

jeep and plunged down an abandoned mine shaft.
Nine members of the Rocky Mountain Radio
League provided communications for the rescue
operations. K 8 Y Y Z , center, uses a two meter fm
unit t o relay messages to and from the accident site
while K 0 A U Z , left, and Norman Blake, Colorado
Deputy Commissioner of Mines discuss the best
way to effect a rescue. The man had been killed in
drop of 220 feet and the operation was secured the
following morning with the recovery of the body.
(Photo by K1WYSJ

62 QST for
 We slipped just n little bit again: f o r t y reports
BRASS POUND!'RS LEAOllf were received from SEGs for the mouth of March,
Winner* tif BPL OrtifrafeB for April Traffic with 14,2*.* A KKC members indicated as active.
Call R^iL fiVJ. Zlfft r^ta/ This is still three reports greater than for Match, of
WX'UL'4 • I . 1S41 179.1 WO last year but is about 200 fewer ARKU members
, .2649 480 470 IU .iMN than were reported for the same period. You SKCs
WA#VAS... ..JIT 134ft 47 1201 2fH>T who aren't reporting better keep one eye peeking
1V7BA 5S4 47 |171
K#ONK , , ,. 445 U 116? over your shoulder. The wouff-hong is gaining on
W * , , .. SOT 441 you. Sections reporting: Ala, Alta, Art?, Ark, Colo,
M-sJVO 503 19^ 4 89* Conn, E H a, EMau, Efti, Ga, (nd, Iowa, Mar, Mich,
WscrpH , . , . 429 3S9 AA
wihq ..,. JSS 360 16 T7| Mont, Nebr, Nev, NMex, NLI, NNJ, NTex, Ohio,
WIPFX ,, . 379 J09 10 747 Ok!*, Ont, Org, Oreg. Que, SF, Snsk, SDak, SNJ,
KMF^X , . ,. 330 2 r>64
WftVNCJ ,. , 31J 1 6 Sf* STex, Tenn, Utab, VA, Wash, WVla. WMass, WNY,
WAIbH? . . . M0 214 IS I>1* WPa.
WB6BBU . , . 242 24
W.KML 222 1 S94 lint? pen drat Net Re|>ort*
WIUYY 1. . . 264 24S 23 890
WB4HKJ ,,. 177 IIS 44i 5 SO
WA2BAA . . . 281 2*3 12 Net , . . Sessions Cherk*ws Tutfflc
W3VK/4 1VS 17* Hit & Bounce JO ?*V J75
Mm-Hian-One Operator Statkw tOTTN 3Z JOS 84
W4PKS 1.4 M 1262 AH Service 4 67 49
BPL for 100 ormne nrlglii&tfow-pfliis-delJveries 20 Meter fSSW 22 26t> *M4
North American bSti . . . 2ft 61ft 2R6
K1RCS 3JS W9YH MS K7K1KJ 104 North Traffic . . . . 30 427 250
W4M0Q 239 WAlfcYY W WA.lhMI 104 Clearing House ,26 3*0 230
KSONA. 220 WA0VYV 125 VVAftHV? Hl4 7290 . , . 44 20J2 61*
\V9HfOO ISS WA3HHT 17rl WA9QOQ 103
SVN3LK1 176 W-KIYI 1^1 W20f- 1i>1 L D S
VL3LRtJ 170 HBSDSV 121 VMMPX 1DT
WTA4MKH tSI WAMI.FI 12
W7AXT 144 WA7LDZ t09 WAfiOII. (M»JI2J
WAI CK!K 104
Mor»- Thiii-One Operator Station ..• . .. . W4IVT 322
* • •

BPL Mrd&HLW* (M Inly, |<I6S QST r p. 99) hfttc Iwen

iiHflrdfd to tfiv foJI»wrf>i imntruri «incp Uk munthl IhtlRtt:
W A 3 H A N , WA?HHJ WAJCWU, WA2HMU, WA3tMl,
W4tVN, WH6PKAp K11TH. KSONA* WSOCU, W9JYO,
WA9VXA.
I lw BPL l» opun *D amateuiK in the United Stflte*.
Cnrudn and U»N, pcrttthtiura whu rvtuprt tn their SCM n
rotate tofil ot 500 or a xii in of origination and delivery
imtnN nf lixi nr m*.we for ®ny ulendar munth, Alt rnnMpn
must he handled nn ivnoteur frtaveiurlni wttbin 48 houn <if
rrceipt ID MDR»DNRD A R R L forra.
Kremont. Ohio, when lie w i t n e s s J an accident
involving two cars in which several person* were
injured. K8WLP was in contact with K SKY Bat the
time arid »fter pussing the necessary information
the state police were notified. A cruiser arrived at
the scene within minutes.
MR••»
On April 16, 36 members of the Franklin
County, Ohio. AKEC/KACES aided officials of the
American Cancer Society in the "Bank Night" of
their annuai fund raising drive. Mobiles using ten
and six meters and two meter f m were sent to 73
different collection points to pick u p packets of
contributions and return them to a central re-
ceiving point. WRKJM operated » station from the
Society\ office* and obtained information on the
various pickups as they were made. W8CRX,
WABZTV and W&BTW were net controls on the
three Ivtnds used. WMKRD EC/HO Franklin
County, Ohio.
Amateurs are invited by the Becket Festival
committee to participate in the Canterbury Becket
Festival commemorating the 800th anniversary of
the death of Thom;i* Becket. Archbiship of Canter-
bury. GB2CF will be active from Canterbury,
England from July 19-26. Contacts are particularly
desired with Canadian towns named Canterbury
and towns which are namesakes of the various
t o w n s and Ullage surrounding Canterbury,
Kngland.
The annual Independence of Columbia rentes*
sponsored by the Liga Coiombina de Radio-
aficionadoswiW he held f r o m July I 8 a t 0001 GMT
t o July 19 at 2 J 5 4 GMT, Details are Available from
LCRA, Apartado Postal 584, Bogota, Colombia.
pa»II tM
The Japan Amatewr Radio League will apain
sponsor the Ml A&ian t)X Contest, this years
contest period will be from 1000 GMT August 22.
tn i b o o GMT August 2X Complete information is
available from J A t t L , Box 377, Tokyo, Japan.
^^m m a • ^^m
Feedback
Feedback The RCA audio mixer kit described on
page 21 of QST for May, 1470. i* called a
KC-2U0I; it should be KC-4001,
• • • ^ ^

Regarding Part r of Stoffels " l et's Talk Tran-

On May 2 and 11 members uf the Glen* Palls
Area (N»Y.) AKBC, under the direction of
K2AYQ, provided communications for the White
Water Canoe and Kayak Races. One station was set
up at the rtdrting line fur the first day** events,
which included a race for the inexperienced
uinoers and a giant slalom over a two mile course.
This station was used t o notify judges at the finish
lines which bouts were leaving and whether or not
that boat had cleared the starting gate without
difficulty. On the second day of the races, the
down river race is held over a seven mile course*
A REG units were again uaed to provide starting
and timing information between the starting and
finish lines. - K2A YQ, EC Glens Falls, iV, Y.
sistors," May 1970 QSTt we Somehow published
the wrong answer for question No. 4 at the end of
the article. Here is the correct answer.
Usinjt these vatues the cutoff point on the load
line will be at 10 volts, the saturation point will be
at 34.5 mA (that is, 10 volts divided by thtfsum of
220 and 68 ohmsj, and the operating point will be
chosen at 17 mA (appro xi mate I y one-half 34.5
mA). The X'oltage ncrost the transistor (Le,, be-
tween collector and emitter) will therefore be 5
volts. Then, assuming that R2 is i n times K3,
IQV X. 6 8 0 f t
RI - - 6 8 0 & = 5200 ohms.
0.017/1 X

July 1970 63
 Correspondence
FromMemb.Ti-
The publisher* of QS V aiiume no reipMilbUlty fur lUtmnniilft xn«ul« herein by correspondent!*
SIN - SINNER OR SINNED AGAINST?
• The National Student information Net was
net-up here during the week of May 4 at Brandeis
University to provide information regarding the
status of other schools during the National Student
Strike to any college or university ham station
requesting it. (The strike was a spontaneous
response to the escalation uf the war into
Cambodia and the murders at Kent State
University.) Brandeis is acting a* Nations I Strike
information Center, so accurate up*(kited info has
been available upon request through the net.
The net and its operation has been nou-
political, The net has provided information in
response to spevtflc requests. The ready availability
of a curate information has facilitated under-
standing. good-will, and prevented talse rumors.
Typical of the requests answered were questions
dealing with specific strike action by schools,
telephone numbers of campus fm broadcasting
station*, confirmation (if demonstrations planned,
etc*
We vtudenU and the local hams who cuine
down to assist UK at KlWGM operated almost
around the clock the first few days. The amount nf
deliberate interference and jamming (whistling,
telephone beeps, music, etc.) was unbelievable.
Often we were attacked as. "Commie fi , the
KCC will hear about this.M They did - we called
them.
Serious violations such as obscenity, deliberate
QRM. not identifying, etc. - is this how amateurs
respond to a situation which they dislike? It seems
as though many amateurs are unaware also (hat
third party traffic in the states is legal! Ky the way,
we understand that the FCC has responded to our
complaints by apprehending several of the jamming
stations. I hope their prosecution will serve to
remind any other amateur engaged in such
blatantly illegal operations which may jeopardise
amateur privileges for our whole fraternity.
A* a league member and participant in NTS, I
only regret that all the operations weren't on cw!
Ralph h'atz, K2AJA, Brandeis University Waltham.
MA
• un Monday, 11 May* from approximately
210071-21 502 f was listening to 7260 kc and heard
the following stations: W2UL\ W1VPY. WA3FXJ*
W3EAX and others identifying themselves as the
"National Student Information Net". VV2UC.
acting as net control, made the statement several
times that the net was sanctioned by the VCC and
American Radio Relay League. He UIKU mentioned
the fact that tCC was taping their conversations
and they (FCC) were issuing citations to other
stations for "deliberate interference" to their net
operations. Other topics brought up were -
boycott Coca Cola aud substitute another brand: a
demonstration to he held at Kort T)ix at 1230 on
lb May; trying to solicit students to don female
attire this time to agitate the instruction workers
in New York City like they did the latter part of
the week of 4 May. W2UC also asked for a estimate
i»t the crowd and number of police cars at the
demonstration near the University of Maryland
64
where they were attempting to block route No. 1.
W3EAX was his contact on this. W2UC was
forwarding any Info to Some "clearing center"
although no mention was made as to its location.
Since this, in my opinion, is a national security
matter f notified the Baltimore KK1 office.
Somewhere along the line it strikes me as odd
that this is a "public service" of any nature or
"PICON" if you prefer. It is very amusing, I'm
sure, to some countries. Waiter a CHIT. W3LDD*
Havre de Grace, MD
• T am sure that you will receive some letters
from other amateurs vlaiming that the operation of
that net was somehow "'un American", and
boasting that they did their "patriotic duty" by
intentionally throwing carriers onto the net
frequency, calling the net operators loyalty to their
country and their parentage into question, etc. 1
cannot subscribe to that point of view.
tirst of all, Let me btate that i am not a college
ntudent, but rather a middle-class working citizen
who believes that this is a nation of laws; laws
which should be enforced by the duly constituted
authorities, not vigilantes! I had occasion to
monitor both of the net frequencies for about 4 to
5 hours on Sunday, in that time I heard nothing
going on within the net which would justify the
vicious attacks made by the "brave" amateurs who
refused to identify themselves! I heard only an
exchange of factual information concerning what
was happening at various campuses. This infor-
mation would very probably have been available to
anyone who had access to an AM or IIHI machine.
At no time did I hear anyone connected with the
net voice any sort of political opinion-
f heard the net operators accused of burning
buildings, etc. E do not believe that these persons
are the ones who have burned buildings; those
persons have n» time for amateur radio, they are
too busy destroying. I'do believe that the great
majority of nur college students wish to work for
change by peaceful means. It is only the radical
fringe which get the publicity, i can understand,
however, their frustration. We tell them to be
peaceful, and when they are, they art* vilified as
happened over the past weekend.
( urge the League to take a firm stand against
intentional interference of this sort! in the future,
if the interfering parties are so convinced that they
are right and that the net (or whatever) is operating
illegally, let them give their calls (as they did not
do this weekend) and let the FCC decide to whom
to send the citations! Richard Ww Stetnfeldt.
K2UCJ, Dunkirk, NY
• 1 protest the use of amateur radio for
coordinating student activities between U.S.
Universities and Colleges. In my opinion the
operation of the National Stqdent Information
network violates the intent of [wt <J7.1 <»f the
Communications Act of 14.14 and the baste
philosophy of amateur radio. I do not consider this
activity to be in the best interest of the United
States or Amateur Radio. If action is not initiated
to turtuil this trt similar activities a dangerous
precedent will be established and tlje future nf
QST for
bona fide amateur operation* could he jeopardized. 1 asked you to mention in Strays that 1 needed
Thomas E, Furrey Jr., WA 7HAGJ6, San Jose, CA some Taylor TZ~40 tubes, and you ran it in the
• A resident in surgery at Boston Uty Hospital, April issue, page 50.
I am presently studying for my Novice ticket. On I received about 20 replies and a donation of 4
May 9 and 10 I was listening on my receiver to the tubes - which ! have shipped on to OZ?UUT who
National College Information Net which was needed them, t think it Is really wonderful how the
0 perati ng fro m Bran dels University here in hams come forward with an assist on something
Walt ham. A moderate Conservative, I was skeptical like this. George Sw Maxey, W6B1L, Redding, CA
about the legality of their operation, and I was OLDEST NOVICE?
purzled by the enormous number of ham amateurs • 1 claim to be the oldest Novice in the state, 1
who were trying to jam them. Accordingly 1 got in was years old on April 1970,. Thomas L.
my car arid went to Brandeis where I watched, Fltzmaurice, Norwich CT
them run tbeif net. [ can truthfully say that theirs (Editor's Note: Any counterclaims?]
was in fact a completely non-political, legal
operation. I became increasingly appalled by the
language and persistence of the illegal interference., GETTING THERE, HALF THE FUN?
much of which I have recorded on tape. Mine was • QST is welcomed when it gefy here.
always the impressiuu that the Ham radio Anticipated, yes, but if it shows a trifle late, the
operators were a dignified fraternity, yet as 1 listen content? are still fre*h. Should the 'trifle late*
to my tape to those incorrugable, flagrant violators \tretch a bit so that two issues arrive together —
who were jamming the Tietwf>rk» 1 get so disgusted perhaps there IS difficulty with the — 'and snow
and disappointed that f am honestly thinking and dark of night* — who forgets how to read so
about abandoning Ham Kadio. Ronald Rlpps, quickly? W. Pw Gearhlser. WStiPW, State College,
M.D., Watertown, MAW MS
• These students justify this little " n e t " by • 1 look forward to receiving my QST every
saying that they are not a political group, merely a month and go back through them quite often
public service, an information central. Who are referring to old articles on antennas, rigs and even
they kiddingY Who are they supposed to be advertisments. My fiJ&T* usually don't arrive until
providing a public service to? They are just using about the 10 or 12 of the month but they do unme
an amateur frequency fur the relaying of political every 30 days right on schedule and there's not
information t " the heads of the national strike. another Ham magazine going that can compete
Information relayed included the number of with the quality or quantity of current information
btudents who arc handing in their draft cards and found in each QST. Mease keep the good work
telephone numbers of the various strike centrals. coming, SimOefmgerJr.. WN5YOA. Austin. TX
I urge that the American Radio Relay League • Finally received April QST, it was worth
reprimand these "public servants" in accordance waiting For, Tom Mangels, WAUVV, Danhury, CT
with the editorial in the February. issue of
• The April issue arrived at my QTII on April
QST. Paul J. Schaefer WAJLCC, Baltimore, MD 4th! J saw the wrapper sticking out of the maefhox
• How valuable a service could have heen and thought* "Nowthat looks like QST but. no. it
performed hy the net had it been allowed to cant be. This is only the 4th and QST usually
operatp by the jammers andselfotyled Vtfuardians arrives around the 20th". You can imagine my
of America"? surprise and shnck when I found that it really was
The fellows and gals running the net deserve a Q S T Maybe the local post office employees read
lot of credit for staying cool under all kinds of vour April editorial and had guilty thoughts!
undeserved abuse. 1 don^t know how they did it; a O wight W, Sorensen, WA0ITU, Kansas City. MO
few hours of listening to misdirected comments
from the lunatic fringe of the Silent Majority (they • With an editorial deploring the poor mail
claim to be a majority, anyway) made me a situation and letter upon letter airing gripes about
nervous wreck. Dave Sumner. KIZND, Michigan poor deliveries, I thought you might lite to hear
State Unj\*ersityf East Lansing, Ml from the "other side of the fence". In short, my
May issue of QST Arrived at home on April
• f noticed a tremendous silence around twenty-ninth! Since my May copy of QST did
14.294MHz, where the National Student Infor- arrive on time (and it i& u rare exception here when
mation Network was trying to pass traffic across they are late)., .1 was ready to defend you to the
the nation via this clear channet frequency. hilt. . .among other hams with whom I work.
This should clearly demonstrate that polite and Then came a rebuttal. One fellow who lives in a
considerate amateurs with an open mind shall rural area southwest of Detroit said: "I cant fully
always prevail and that the ham bands will never fault the post office. Griping there iMit the answer.
degenerate to the deplorable condition of CB Why is it that my two other ham publications from
Richard A, Peterson* WAQJNC, Denver* CO New Fqglandure never late.. ,but QSTtoV*
1 Editor's Note: The letters above were elected to Tfiat one., j couldn't answer. Ed Bruening.
present a cmsgtsection of views on the National W&DTY, Ann Arbor, MI
Student Information Wei; most have been shorten-
ed considerably. Of the letters not chosen for the f Editor's N ote: QST still mails at the same time we
column, the pajority (12 to 6) opposed the use of nave used'for years. The other two, to the best of
amateur racfio for what the writers considered were our knowledge, some months ago derided to move
political purposes, but there were additional letter* their deadlines and thus their mailing date* a week
dealing with intentional interference to what these or so earlier J
writers in their turn thought was legitimate
third-party traffic. The editor's views were TURN
• THE KNOB!
ex pressed in the editorial, "Conversation Dis- • Happy to renew membership for another year;
cipline " February, 1969, and are reiterated on
page U of this ixKue.] I've been on the records for the past 30 years. To
the guys who work sideband like WfiDGTand I do,
HAM SPIRIT why not try the cw bands for a change? QKM on
phone is bad. The cw hands are wide and lots of
• Please turn off the hubhle-makhine- the roori. so let's turn the knoh! Mervin R^Critciilow,
usual "Ham Spirit" came thru again! W7GU, Bother WA

July 1970 65
H q p p e n i g j j R t t h e Mouth
New Repeater Deadline
New ARRL Officers
National Convention Sept- 25
Board Mec ting Minutes
REPEATER DEADLINE EXTFNDF.D
At the separate requests of ARRL and Neil W.
Murphy, the deadline tor comment in VCC Docket
18H03, proposed rules for repeater stations, was
extended to June 15; replies to the comments of
others may be filed now until July 7- The original
deadlines were May IS and June respectively.
ARRL's tiling will follow the uutlme of Minute
32, ARRL 1970 Board Meeting, which may he
found toward the end of this department. The
subject was also discussed in last month's editorial
SOUPY GROVES, W5NW - A TRIBUTE
Wayland M. firove*, W5NW, of Odessa, Texas -
much better known as "Soupy" because his friend
Felix* W5LS. thought his lanky frame resembled a
soupbone - has been elected an Honorary Vice
President of ARRL, in recognition of thirty-five
vears. scrvtcc to the [.eague. the past twenty as
First Vice President of ARRL and of IARU. Soupy
came on the Board m 1935 as director from the
West Gulf Division. In the days when "phone vst
i w " wok the principle controversy in amateur
tadio, he achieved a reputation as the phone-man's
champion because he believed his division wanted
this - though his personal preference was for code.
Soupy was first licensed in 1923 as 5NW, and
tat been a League member ever since. He signed up
as a "Cliarter Life Member" immediately after a
Board motion made it possible in 1967. Twice he's
obtained the Extra Class by examination - in 1924
and again in 1967, just before incentive licensing
was restored. His career with Humble Oil
Company, from which he's now retired, took him
all over the world ax scismographer, clerk* tele-
graph operator and you-namc-it. He still has "itchy
feet,": since retirement he's "shipped out" several
times a» a chipboard radio operator, and iust got
back from a three-month trip to Australia, New
Zealand and other Pacific points where he looked
up a large number uf oivthe-air friends, some going
back more than forty year*,
Soupy's enthusiasm for ham radio is evidently
contagious: his wife Beth (who went with him on
his Pacific trip) is W5DUR; his son* Ctiantland and
Bertron are W5QMZ and W5QNA respectively.
COMPTONNEW VEEP
Charles G. Compton, W0BUO. of South S t
P&uL Minnesota, has been elccted to a two-year
term as First Vice President of the League, Hell
also serve as vice president of the International
Amateur Radio Union automatically, under the
terms of its constitution, and continues on the
66
27
ARRL Executive Committee as provided for in the
Articles of Association and Bylaws*
Charlie, a systems engineer for data processing,
has been director from the Dakota Division since
I960; has been a member of the Executive
Committee since 19&3; was an additional vicc
ptmident for the 1966-1968 term; and earlier
served as vicc director, Dakota Division,
1958-1959. He's a post president of the St. Paul
Radio Club, and was civil defense radio officer for
more than two years. While a director, W0BUO has
been on the Membership and Publication, Housing,
Planning and Finance Committees, and served two
terms as chairman of the Public Relations Commit-
tee, He holds dppointmcnt as official phone
station, is a member of the A-l Operator Club,
holds the Extra Class license, and is a Charter Life
Member of ARRL.
Carl L, Smith, W0BWJ, of Denver, director
from the Rocky Mountain Division since 1961, has
been elected an additional vice president (filling
the position which has been vacant since (he
resignation of P. Lanier Anderson. W4MWH,
several months ago) for A two-year term. Carl
served on the Executive Committee from 1966 to
1969; as vice director, 1957-1958; assistant direc-
tor, 1955-1956 and section communications man-
ager for Colorado, 1959-1960. His occupation:
captain. Western Air Lines, Inc., flying jets.
^ > • • I H
Gilbert L. Crosslcy, W3YA, of State College,
Pennsylvania was newly eiccted as an Honorary
Vice President. Gil served the Atlantic Division as
director from 1954 to 1970, was an additional vice
president in 1966-1968, and was a member of the
Hxecutivc Committee during those same years.
First licensed in 1915, CJU has been a member of
the League since 1923 and is now a Charter Life
Member.
w m m M ^^m
President Robert W. Denniston, W0DX: Vice-
President R. 0 - Best, W50KF; Secretary John
Huntoon, W1LVQ; Treasurer David II. Houghton
and Honorary Vice President Francis R Handy,
\V1 BDJ, were fill unanimously reelected for another
two-year term.
SHIMA NEW DAKOTA DIRECTOR
With the resignation of First Vicc President
Cumpton as director from the Dakota Division on
May 13, Larry J. Shima. W0PAN becomes director
for the balance of Charlie's term, until noon
January 1, 1972. In turn, Larry has reigned as
QST for
section communication* manager of Minnesota, to
which he was elected in 1969, The vice director-
ship, which Larry ha* held since the first of the
year, remains vacant until the next regular election
in 1971.
Larry works as an accountant/systems analyst
for Honeywell, Inc. and lives in Bloomington,
Minnesota. He's a past secretary treasurer. North-
ern Iowa Amateur Radio Hub, past phone activ-
ities manager for Hawaii* and he holds DXCC
under two calls. He's an OPS, and a member of
AREC, RACES, the A-l Operator club, and the
active Navy Reserve, where he's a lieutenant
commander. His ham activities cncompass traffic
work, contests and DX chasing,
PHOTO FEEDBACK
In a last-minute reorganization of "Happen-
ings" copy last month, a photo of VE3CO receiv-
ing the ARRL Certificate of Merit from VE3UU
ended up next to a caption about Explorer Post IS
of Nashville, Tennessee. Our apologies to all! WeYe
trying again this month.
EXPIRATION OF STATION LICENSES
FCC' has amended its rules for the amateur
service to reflect the current practice. An addi-
tional-station license, regardless of when issued,
will expire on the same date as the licensee's
operator license; section 97.59 (bj has been
amended by the addition of a sentence to that
effect.
CB INFORMATION
FCC has adopted a new policy under which it
will fine licensees in the Class D Citizens Radio
Service for first-time violations in four instances -
use of pseudonyms instead of calls, use of over-
height antennas, operation on unauthorized fre-
quencies and use of linear amplifiers for excessive
increase of station power.
Also on the CB scene, FCC has set aside
Channel 9, 27,065 kHz, for emergency communi-
cations involving the immediate safety of life or
the immediate protection of property or communi-
cations necessary to render assistance to a motorist
- only when immediate action Is required. Other
alterations have been made in the rules to further
limit and define use of CB for emergencies* Those
having need for the complete story should write to
FCC requesting 4*Report and Order in Docket
18705/' released April 27,1970.
MORE AMATEUR RADIO WEEKS
July J1-17 is being observed in North Dakota as
amateur radio week, coinciding with the Interna-
tional Peace Garden hamfest on July 1 M 2 under
the joint sponsorship of North Dakota and
Manitoba radio dubs. Governor William U Guy
mentions scientific development of electronics and
radio: military communications during World War
II and Korea; emergency work-during the blizzards
of March, 1966 and communications during the
1969 and 1970 floods as accomplishments of
amateur radio deserving of the honor.
July 1970
The Boy Scouts of America have a relatively-new
program for high school boys and girls: specialty
Explorer Posts, The Radio Amateur Transmitting
Society of Nashville, Tennessee, sponsors Explorer
Post 15, specializing in ham radio. Here David
Rogers tries to copy a transmission while Beth
Guinn heckles. Post Advisor i« ARRL Delta
Division Director Max Arnold, W4WHN. If your
club is suffering from "lired blood" or could use
an interesting project, you might contact your
focal Scout office about the possibility of sponsor-
ingan Explorer Post in radio.
Cleveland, Ohio, picked the week of April
19-25, based on the Dayton Hamfest the end of
that week, for its proclamation by Mayor Carl B.
Stokes. Free messages for servicemen and interna-
tional good will were among the reasons for the
citation, requested by the Apricot Net.
And Englcwood, New Jersey, continued its long
string of consecutive amateur radio weeks, picking
the National Amateur Radio Week, June 21*27,
which culminates in ARRL Field Day. Mayor Ned
Feldman quoted FCCs Basis and Purpose of the
amateur service (Section 97.1 of our rules) and
mentioned specifically the FD exercise, Englewood
Civil Defense - Disaster Centre', and the Bngle-
wood Amateur Radio Association in his proclama-
tion*
COMING: NATIONAL CONVENTION
This year the ARRL National Convention
returns to Boston where the Federation of Eastern
Massachusetts Amateur Radio Associations is
completing plans for H big three-day affair. The
Statkr-Hilton Hotel will be headquarters for an
international gathering of radio enthusiasts and
their families September 25, 26 and 27. As of press
time plans have been announced for FCC examina-
tions all day Friday, a special old time radio show
by Bruce Kelley, presentations by AMSAT
'(Amateur Satellite Programs will he presented all
67
three days) and a fun ntte (dinner, drinks and
show) at the Playboy Ctub of Boston,
Saturday's programs include exhibits from all
major ham equipment manufacturers, a bus trip to
ARR1. headquarters in Newington Tot a tour and
luncheon returning to Boston in time Tor the big
banquet dnd show in the evening with keynote
speaker FCC i-ommmioner Robert Lee. Sunday^
programs again will include tcchmcai sessions and
will Hind up with the prize awards. Both days
special features wiU be in progress including a YL
«md OM bus tour uf historic Boston, YL luncheon
4t a famous restaurant, the ARRL (brum, comput-
er demonstrations, RTTY, PAX and TV displays, a
C1W receiving contest, and a flea market (bring your
oJd gear or some money %>r both!). The New
England DXCC will incorporate their topnotch DX
programs for 1970 into the National Convention.
The vhf boys will be prodding, over an international
confab and wiU also feature programs on fm
repeaters. The talk-in station will be operated by
the Honeywell radio club from the top of the
Prudential center.
The YT. programs have been expanded consider-
ably and will include features from two directions
- the YL ham and the YL non-ham, OMs should
have no qualms about bringing the boss to this one
for there 11 be plenty for her to do - and unless she
gets away, into some of Boston** fancier shop*, it
won't be expensive, either! Registration will be $3
early bird, $4 at the door and will be required of
all OMs 12 years old and up* Registration of YLs is
encouraged but is optional. The Saturday banquet
will he befitting the occasion - *>teak preceded by
lobster bisque! Tickets tor the Saturday night steak
banquet, dance (10 piece orchestra) and show arc
%12 per person including all taxes aud gratuity.
The Friday night steak (again!) dinner including
two cocktails and a show are $ M per person.
Unfortunately, the Playboy club can only seat 200
persons so Friday's affair will be first-come first
served on tickets - when they're gunc, they're
gone! Prices on the bus trip t o Newington will he
announced later hut will be modest. Ticket
requests should he sent to: FliMARA, c/o John
McCormick, 572 Berkley Street. Taunton, Mass.
02780.
68
1970 BOARD MEETING MINUTES
MINUTES OF THE
1970 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The American Radio Relay League, inc,
May 1-2, 1H70
1> Pursuant to due. uuttce. the Board ot Dir-
ectors of The American Radio Relay League, tneM
met in annual srsftion at the Shoreham Motor
Hotel, Hartford, Connecticut, on May Ihe
meeting was callcd to order at 10:00 a.tiL, with
President Robert W. Ltenniston, W* UX, in the
Chair, and the following directors present;
Roy L. Albright, W5EYB, West ciulf Division
Max Arnold, W4WHN, Delta Division
Robert York Chapman, W1QV. New England Div,
Victor C, Clark, W4KFC, Roanoke Division
Charles li, Compton, W<Jf BUCX Dakota Division
Harry JT Dannals, W2TUK, Hudson Division
Noel B. Eaton, VK3CJ, Canadian Division
Sumner H. Foster. W0CJQ. Midwest Division
J .A- Gmelin, W6ZRJ, Pacific Division
John R. Griggs, W6KW, Southwestern Division
Philip B. Haller. W9HPG, Central Division
Harry A. McCnnaghy, VVJK PC, Atlantic Division
Alban A. Michel, W8WC, Great U k e s Division
Carl I*- Smith, W0BWJ, Rocky Mountain Uiv.
H, Dale Strieter, W4DQS, Southeastern Division
Robert B, Iburston, W7KW, NorthwesternDiv.
Also in attendance, as members of the Board
without vote, \ver<? Wayland M. (rmves, W5NW,
Hist Vice President; R, a Best, WSQKF, Vice
President; and John Huntoon. W1LVQ, General
Manager* Also In attendance, at the invitation of
the Board ah nutt-partici paring observers^
Atlantic Division Vice Director Jesse Bteberman,
W3KT; Central Division Vice Director Edmund A.
Metsger, W^PRN; ttokota Division Vice Director
I-arrV I. Shima, W0PAN; Delta Division Vice
Director frranWin Cassen, W4WBK; Great Lakes
Division Vice Director Currin L. Skutt, W8KSZ:
Midwest Division Vice Director Ralph V, Ander-
son, K0NL: Roanoke Division Vice Director L. Phil
Wicker, W4ACY; Southeastern Vic* Director
Charles J. Bolvin. K4KQ and Southwestern Div-
ision Vice Director Arnold Dahlman, W6UEI,
There were also present Honorary Vice President
F, E. Handv, W1BDI: Treasurer David H. Hough-
ton: Oeneral Counsel Kobert M, Booth, J r „ W3PR;
Canadian Associate Counsel Arthur K. Meen, VE3-
KK; Assistant General Manager Richard U Bald-
win, W1IKL; Communications Manager ileorge
Hart, WlNJMi Senior Assistant Secretary Pcrrv F.
Williams, WltfFD; QST Acting lechnical Kditor
Doug DeMaw, WICER; VHF Editor Kdward P.
Tilton, W1 HDOi and Public Relations Consultant
Don Waters.
2 > Moved, by Mr, Chapman, that the Board
ndopt the published agenda after addition of Item
I 3 for a second round of director motions; hut
there was iw xecond* su the motion wax tost. On
motion of Mr. Compton, after discussion, unan-
imously VOTRD to amend the uremia by providing
an additional Item 13 tor a seennd round "f
director motions, an additional Item 14 tor the
appointment of committees, and an additional
Item 15, transferred from earlier in the agenda,
covering expenses of committees. Whereupon, *>n
motion of Mr. Gmelin, unanimously VOTED to
adopt the agenda as amended*
Q S T l o x
 3} On motion of Mr, Thurston, unanimously
VOTED that the minutes of the i<*69 Annual
Meeting, and the Special Meeting, of the
Board of Directors are approved in the form in
which they were issued by the Secretary.
4) Moved, hy Mr. McConaghy, t o correct the
minutes of the 1969 Special Meeting to provide
that only vice-director travel expenses to a Board
Meeting are allocated t o the division allotments;
but the Chair ruled the motion out oF urder at this
time.
5) On motion of Mr. Chapman, unanimously
VOTED that the annual reports of the officers to
the Board of Directors are accepted and the same
placed on fife.
6) Mr, Eaton, as chairman, presented the report
of the finance Committee; Mr. Thurston, as
chairman, presented the report of the Planning
Committee; Mr, Albright reported for the Member*
ship & Publications Committee; Mr. Hailer, as
chairman, presented the report of the Public
Relations Committee; Mr, Groves, as chairman,
reported for the Merit & Award* Committee; Mr.
Clark presented the report of the Special Com-
mittee on a form of League field organization; Mr,
Gmelin presented the report of a Special Com-
mittee o n a Joint Osear/ARRL Amateur Station;
Mr. Chapman presented the report uf a Special
Committee on Establishment of an ARRL Foun-
dation; Mr. Dannuls presented the report uf a
Special Committee on Evaluation of Board Meeting
Procedures. During the course uf the above, Tech-
nical Consultant George Crammer, W1DF, entered
the meeting.
7) On motion of Mr. Hailer, unanimously
VOTED that the annual reports of the directors t o
the Board of Directors are accepted and the same
placed on file.
ft) At this point, supplementary oral reports
were offered by the officers of the League and the
General Counsel.
9) The Board was in recess for luncheon from
12:30 p.m. t o 1:25 p.m.
JO) Moved, by Mr. McConaghy, t o amend by-
law 18, in the f i f t h and the ninth lines of the
edition ot August J 967, to add after the word,
"director," the words, "*and a vice-director. 1 ' But,
a f t e r discussion, further clarification being needed,
on motion of Mr. Chapman, unanimously VOTRD
that the matter is laid on the table.
11) Moved, by Mr. Arnold, that all licensed
amateurs fifteen years of age nf younger shall
initially become a full member for a membership
fee of five dollars ($5.00) t o be paid In Full to the
League; application of these memberships to he
made only through affiliated clubs, which must
attest to the eligibility of the applicants, \ f t e r
discussion, on motion of Mr. Gmelin, VOTED t o
amend the motion t o provide that it be referred t o
the Membership and Publications Committee for
study. The question then being on the original
motion aii amended, the same was unanimously
ADOPTED.
12) Moved, by Mr, Michel, that we expand the
day-time code practice operation of WIAW to
include the transmission of ARRL bulletins. After
discussion, on motion of Mr, Clark, unanimously
VOTED t o amend the motion to provide that it be
referred to the staff t o investigate the feasibility of
such expansion. After further discussion, the ques-
tion then being on the original motion as amended,
the same was unanimously ADOPTED.
I.V) Moved, hy Mr. Dannals, that the Federal
Communications Commission be petitioned to
change the lower limit of the MHt voice band
July 1970
from 3800 to 37SO kHz, movin* the J800-.W00
kHz restricted segments, as presently apportioned,
to ;S7S<J*J8S» fcH*, and permitting General/Con-
ditional Class use of the remainder of the voice
segment. After extended discussion, moved, by Mr.
Foster, to amend the motion hy striking the text
and substituting therefor the following: That the
General Counsel he instructed to petition the
Federal Communications Commission that radio-
telephony frequencies available to the General and
Conditional Class licensees be changed t o read
3850-4000 kHz, with no change in the Extra and
Advanced Class l a m e n t s that now prevail. After
further extended discussion, moved, hy Mr. Clark,
that to permit further discussion in committee, the
matter should be laid on (he table; but the motion
was rejected. On the motion to amend, a rollcail
vote was requested; the result was 13 in Favor. 3
opposed, so the motion was amended. AH the
directors voted in favor of the amendment except
Messrs. Dannals, Griggs and Strieter, who voted
opposed. On motion of Mr. Chapman, VOTFD t o
reconsider the vote on the amendment. On a
second rotlcalt vote, there wvre 12 in favor and 4
opposed, so the amendment t o the motion was
confirmed; on the second rollcail all the directors
voted in favor except Messrs. Clark, Dannuls,
Griggs and Smith. I h e question then being on the
motion as amended, the same was REJECTED, 6
votes 111 favor t o M opposed; those voting in favor
were Messrs. Albright, Clark, Foster, Gmelin,
Michel and Thurston; those voting opposed were
Messrs, Arnold. Chapman, Compton, Dannals,
Griggs, Ha Her, McConaghy, Smith and Stricter;
(Canadian Director Fat on abstained).
14) The Board was in recess from 4:05 p.m. to
4:25 p.m.
How otd can kids be when you first introduce
t h e m t o amateur radio? Welt. Dorothy Bush,
WN0VNE (extreme right of picture), had a unit in
communications for her second grade class in
Lincoln, Nebraska. Russell Ritzman, WA0LGR, {at
rig) put the class in touch with another at Merritt
Island, Florida a f t e r much preliminary classroom
work at both ends. The southern half of the
contact was upheld by Roy Durso, K4DJN and
Ace Goodwin, W4WEU, The adult just visible
behind WA0LGR is Dorothy's 0M, Gene. (Photo
by Winfield Howland).
69
Time out for "Look at the birdie." From the left, seated: W4DQS, W0BUO, W5EYB, W5QKF, W4WHN,
W6KWr W6ZRJ P W5NW, W0GQ. W7PGY, W3PS, W0DX, W1LVQ, W1UED, Treasurer Houghton, V E 3 R X ,
VE3CJ, W1QV, W0BWJ, W8WCf W9HPG, W2TUK, W3EPC. Standing, from left: W t I K E , W9PRN,
W6UEI, PR Consultant Waters, W4ACY, W1DF, W4WBK, W0PAN. K4KQ, W1CER, W1IMJM, W8FSZ,
W1BDI, W4KFC, K 0 N U W3KT.

15) Moved, by Mr. Foster, that the General RULES A N D REGULATIONS

Manager be authorized to offer a one-year half-
price membershi p to new Novice* when they
obtain initial license: but there wait no second, so
the motion wns I«*t.
16) On motion of Mr. Chapman, after discus-
siun, unanimously VOTED that the A R R L Com-
munications Department initiate a meter band
contest oriented to promote activity in this hand
of frequencies.
17) On motion of Mr, Thurston, unanimously
VOTED that the regular members, Board and staff
liaison members of the VHK Repeater Committee,
and other groups and individuals, be commended
for their outstanding contribution in preparing
advice to the Board in connection with the current
FCC Repeater Proposal,
18) On motion of Mr. Omelin, unanimously
VOTED that the President h instructed to con-
tinue, for a one year period, the special committee
to study the possible establishment of a joint
Oscar/ARRLWest Coast station at Foothill College,
Los Attos, California.
19) On motion of Mr. Clark, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that the following rule* and
regulations concerning A k K L membership advis-
ory committees be adopted and incorporated a mittee members Khali he chosen from A. K- R. U
separate section in the publication "Articles of
Association and By-laws of the 'VmeHcan Radio
Relav League" and that the two existing com-
mittees, the Contest Advisory Committee and the
VHF Repeater Advisory Committee, be enabled to
function in accordance with them:
CONCERNING ADVISORY COMMITTEES
The following rules and regulations provide tor the
establishment of national advisory committees,
composed of qualified amateurs, to undertake
studies, review proposals, and to f-nmmunicate
advice, recommendations and expertise from the
Leagued membership to its management in various
specialty areas of amateur radio:
1. The creation of any Advisory Committee shall
be the determination of the Board of Directors.
2. The petition for establishment of an Advisory
Committee shall outline the purpose of the
Committee, the proposed scope of its activities,
and the means by which the Committee proposes
to communicate among its membership for the
purpose of discussion, debate, and to reach a
consensus utt matters understudy. This petition
is to be presented to the Hoard by the sponsoring
Director.
3. The initial membership of the Advisory
Committee shall be selected by the President o f
the League, employing consulting assistance of
the sponsoring Director and others as he may
deem desirable to secure the services of those
best able to provide the expertise sought. Com-
members nominated by the membershlp-aMarge
in response to appropriate notices published in
QST.
4. Committee membership, for practical reason*,
should he limited to fewer than ten, and the
exact number and any geographical o r other

70 QST for
proposed limitations cm committee make-up
shall he outlined In the original petition for
creation of the Committee. A member's initial
term of office will be either for one or two years,
a* designate11 by the President, with approxi-
mately one-half the initial members having one
year terms and the remainder having two-year
terms. Members may be reappointed for no more
than two consecutivc two-year terms, hut are
again eligible for appointment to committee
membership after a lapse of one yewr.
5. A method shall be proposed by the petition
fnr selection of the initial Chairman. On or about
May I of each year the President, in consultation
with the committee members and liaison mem-
bers, will select the Chairman to verve fur the
ensuing year. Chairmen will serve for no more
than two consecutive one-year terms. The Chair-
man shall designate and identify one of the
committee members as Vice Chairman, to assist
with and provide continuity in direction of
committee affairs.
6. Candidates for committee membership may be
nominated at any time, and require three spon-
sors, each of whom is a full member uf A.R.K.L,
A call for nominees wilt be made in September
057* each year. A file uf eligible nominee* will be
maintained at Headquarters for use as a source of
replacements. The President, in consultation
with the committee Chairman and liaison mem-
bers, (in nr a > t i t November I uf each year, shall
select replacements for members whose terms are
expiring, uf shall reappoint them for a subse-
quent term* as appropriate.
7. Advisory Committee authority shall be limited
to the preparation of recommendations within
its specialty area, based upon consultation with
segments nf the membership and upon Com-
mittee studies; these are to be presented to the
Staff and/or Hoard as appropriate to the situa-
tion.
8. One member of the Board of Directors or an
elected officer nf the League shall be designated
by the President as a consultant and ex-officio
member of the Advisory Committee, acting as a
point of contact between the Committee and the
Board.
<J, Cine member uf the Headquarters staff shall be
designated by the President as a coordinator and
e.\-officio member of the Advisory Committee,
to provide Staff a^i&tituce, where required to
assure viability of the Committee through ade-
quate communication nf Information pertinent
to the activities of the Committee, to initiate
action to replace members who resign, to secure
the resignation nf those who become inaLtive,
and to assist in any way possible to improve
Committee effectiveness in providing a link to
the membership and performing as a sounding
board for management reference.
10. Headquarters Staff personnel, wherever
appropriate, shall refer membership inquires and
proposals to the Chairman of the cognisant
Advisory Committee for consideration and com-
ment, routinely informing Advisory Committee
members of substantive matters impinging upon
the Committee's specialty area and soliciting the
Committee's views, although these need not be
binding. Items requiring Committee action
should be so identified.
11. I he identify and addresses of the Advisory
Committee members shall be routinely carried in
QST, to facilitate direct member contact Space
shall be allocated in Q8T> as appropriate, to
report upnn the activities of Advisory Com-
mittees.
July 1970
12. An Advisory Committee which is no longer
active or serving a useful purpose may be
discontinued by action of the Board of Direc-
tors.
20) On motion of Mr. Smith, unanimously
VOTKD that the A K R L National Convention in
1976 he scheduled fnr Colorado at a specific date
and city to be designated later.
21) On motion of Mr. (Griggs, after extensive
discussion, unanimously VOTED that the Board of
Directors does hereby direct the General Manager
to effect the periodic publication of names and
addresses of television set manufacturers who
furnish free to their customers high-pass filters or
other interference rejection devices.
22) Moved, by Mr. Albright, that the General
Manager be authorized to expend a sum, not
greater than t wenty-tlve thousand dollars
($25,000), for preparation, printing and distri-
bution of out; hundred thousand (100,000) copies
of the new A R R L teen-ager huoklet currently
scheduled for publication during this calendar year.
After extended discussion, uu motion of Mr.
Gmelin, unanimously VOTED that the matter is
laid on the table. During the course of the above,
Canadian Counsel Arthur K. Meen, VK3RX, under
the necessity of returning to his home, departed
the meeting.
23) On motion of Mr, McConaghy, unanimously
VOTKD to take from the table his motion concern-
ing the amendment of By-Law 18. On a rollcall
vote, the by-law was amended, by unanimous
action, 1 6 votes in favor to none opposed.
24) On motion of Mr, McConaghy, after discus-
sion, unanimously V O T K D that the General Coun-
sel prepare appropriate language for inclusion in
the Articles of Association and Hy~l.aws which will
clarify and set forth the role and functions of
Assistant Directors.
25) The Board was in recess for dinner from
6:1 5 p.m. until 8:30 p.m,
26) On motion of Mr. Dannals, after discussion,
unanimously VOTKD that the Cveneral Manager
study the feasibility of paying for technical articles
contributed to our official journal QST by Leagtie
members. The results of this study are to be
submitted at the next meeting uf the Board.
271 On motion of Mr. Foster, after discussion,
VOTED that the General Manager be authorized to
discontinue the insertion of a post-paid return
membership application card annually in QST9 but
to continue insertion of name ;it his discretion fn
other booklets.
2H) Moved, by Mr. Chapman, that during one
calendar month of any one year, to be determined
by League management, DXCC members wiII be
permitted to submit less than S QSL cards for
credit standing In the DXCC listing; non-members
may he charged processing costs for this service, to
be prorated by League management. After discus-
sion, the motion wis rejected, 4 votes in favor to 9
opposed. Messrs. Arnold, Chapman, Griggs and
Hafler requested to be recorded as voting in favor.
2')) On motion of Mr. [hurston, unanimously
VOTKD that the creation of an Advisory Com-
mittee for DX matters be approved as recom-
mended in the Planning Committee report, and in
accordance with rules and regulations concerning
the establishment of Advisory Committees.
30) On motion of Mr, Gmelin, after discussion,
VOTED, 14 In favor to 2 opposed, the the Acting
Technical Kditor is instructed to study the possi-
bility of establishing an on-going informational
service program to assist amateurs in solving
interference problems to solid state hi-fi equipment
and report back to the Board on this matter at the
71
next Board meeting. Mr, Chapman requested to he
recorded as voting opposed.
31) On motion of Mr. Clark, unanimously
VOTED that the General Manager, with the assis-
tance uf the General Counsel, review the series of
recent Commission opinions relating to amateur
participation in civic activities, including the Eye
Hank Network, leading t o a request to the Com-
mission for a declarative ruling or, if necessary, t o
petition for appropriate changes in Part 97 of the
Commission']* rules in order t o enable continued
contribution by the amateur radio service t o
worthy rivic enterprises*
,12) Director Griggs reported upon the work and
recommendations of the VHK Repeater \dvisory
Committee, and on his motion, after discussion,
unaninumbly VOTED (Canadian Director Raton
abstaining) that the General Counsel include the
following rewmmenifations in the comments t o be
submitted t o the Federal Communications Com-
mission in Docket No. 1880,*:
a) That any rules adopted on amateur repeaters
provide for the maximum of flexibility and the
minimum of restrictions and regulations:
b) That repeater linking and multiple hop* he
permitted;
c) That coded access ("whistle o n " ) not be
mandatory but may he provided at the option of
the repeater licensee;
d) That crosK'band operation of repeater); be
permitted;
c) That Jcubbands for repeater operation not he
specified by the Cum mission at this time except
that, in the 144 MHz band, repeater operation he
conducted only above 146 MH? so as t o permit
the greatest flexibility for development of space
communications in the world-wide exclusively
amateur portion of that t^anjj;
f ) That the licensee or another operator with an
appropriate class uf license designated by the
licensee he capable of deactivating the repeater
f r o m a fixed, portable or mobile central point in
case of malfunction or improper or unauthorized
use of the repeater;
KJ That t h ? 1 kilowatt power limit applicable
generally t o the amateur service be applicable to
repeaters: -
h) That fixed, portable and mobile operation of
repeaters be permitted:
[) That automatic means t o limit the length of a
single transmission of a repeater, or a series of
transmissions* not be required but may be
provided at the option of the licensee; and
j) That identification of a repeater be given at
least every ten minutes of operation by auto-
matic or manual means and by cw, mew, or voice
at the option of the licensee > with c w o r tncw 4 if
used, not t o exceed a rate of twenty words per
minute.
k) The League concurs with FCC*& proposal
regarding relaxation of logging requirements.
33) Moved, by Mr. Albright, that W1 AW shift its
operating frequency for code practice and official
bulletin* uutside the Fxtra Class segment of the
amateur hands. After discussion, moved, by Mr.
Clark, t o amend the motion to provide that only
the 80-meter cw frequency be moved. On motion
of Mr, Gmelin, VOTED t o call for the question;
whereupon the motion to amend was rejected.
Moved, by Mr. McConaghy* t o amend the motion
to provide that the new frequencies he 3525, 702S
and 14,025. After discussion, on motion of Mr.
Cmelin, VOTED t o call for the question; where-
upon the xect.md motton t o nmend was alito
rejected. On motion of Mr. Gmelln, VOTED to call
72
for the question on the original motion; where-
upon the same was REJECTED, t rates in favor t o
9 opposed.
34) Moved, by Mr, McConaghy. that the Wt AW
code practice schedule be modified as follows: (a)
Code practice daily 10 - 13 - 15 wpm 2390 CiMT
Change t o : 11M3-15 wpm STTS 5-7 1/2-10 MWF
(b) Code practice MTWTF 1300 GMT Change to:
S I T S 35-15 wpm. MWF 5-25 wpm 1300 CiMT.
After discussion, on motion of Mr Chapman,
VOTED t o call for the question, whereupon the
motion was RFJFCTED.
35) On motion of Mr. Haller, unanimously
VOTED that the General Counsel be requested to
file a petition with the FCC for extension of time
for comments on Docket 18803.
36) Uri motion uf Mr. Dannals, unanimously
VOTED that the Board extends its thanks t o the
members uf the Intruder Watch for their work on
special assignment agisting the Hanning Com-
mittee in its recent band study <ind the Board
heartily endorses the continued work of this
dedicated group.
37) On motion of Mr. Chapman, after extensive
discussion, unanimously VOTED that the provision
of B y - t a w 2 be applied to applications for renewal
of membership. During the course «f the above,
Canadian Division Vice Director A. George Spen-
cer. VE2MS, joined the meeting.
38) Moved, by Mr. Cmelin, that the cieneral
Manager is instructed t o institute a radio propaga-
tion prediction column in QST on a six-months
trial basis. Hut, after discussion, the motion was
rejected* 4 votes in favor t o 12 opposed. Messrs.
Arnold, Chapman and c.imelin requested t o he
recorded as voting in favor.
39) On motion of Mr. Clark, unammouKly
VOTED that a special committee including Board
and staff representatives be appointed by the
President to study and make recommendations
regarding any desirable changes in (a) the existing
system employed for recording and distributing
mail to affiliated clubs, (b) present membership
requirements for affiliated clubs, and <c) format of
the annual questionnaire sent to affiliated clubs,
with the objective of strengthening liaison with
such groups.
Bob Chapman. W1QV; Vic Clark, W4KFC,
QST for
 40) On motion of Mr. Griggs, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that the General Manager is
hereby directed to provide funds not exceeding
three thousand dollars for the production by Dave
Bell Associates of Hollywood, Calif, of a motion
picture film featuring amateur radio, intended for
Mile and distribution only to high schools or similar
educational institutions with the conditional pro-
vision that the proceeds received over cost he
applied towards the retirement of the League
Investment,
41) Moved, by Mr, Albright, to take from the
table his motion concerning the production of a
teen-age booklet; but the motion was lost, 6 votes
lit favor to 9 opposed.
4 2 ) The Board recessed at 1 1 : 2 0 p.m., recon-
vening at 9:15 a.m. on May 2, with all directors
and other persons hereinbefore mentioned in atten-
dance except Messrs. DeMaw* Grammar, Meen>
Til ton, and Wicker.
43) On motion o f Mr. Thurston, unanimously
VOTED that the General Manager is hereby auth-
orized to reimburse the division directors for actual
expenses incurred hy them during the year 1970,
in the proper administration of ARKL affairs in
their respective divisions, up to amounts as fol-
lows:
Canadian Division Director $ 1750
Atlantic Division Director 3000
Central Division Director 2400
Dakota Division Director 1200
Delta Division Director 2800
Great Lakes Division Director 2500
Hudson Division Director 2500
Midwest Division Director 2200
New England Division Director 2700
Northwestern Division Director 2500
Pacific Division Director 3500
Roanoke Division Director 2000
Rocky Mountain Division Director 1600
Southeastern Division Director 2500
Southwestern Division Director 3500
West Gulf Division Director 2900
44) On motion of Mr. Gmelin, unanimously
VOTED that to continue the Boards policy of
reimbursing Section Communications Managers
and QSL Managers of the League for certain travel
in furthering A R R L organizational activities, the
General Manager is hereby authorized to pay
during the year 1970 a totil .amount not to exceed
$13,500 under terms prescribed by the Communi-
cations Manager for SCMs, and the General Man-
ager for QSL Managers* following the general
pattern established by the Board.
45) On motion of Mr. Gmetin, unanimously
VOTED tjhat. to continue the Board's policy of
reimbursing Section Emergency Coordinators for
certain travel in furthering ARRL urganinational
activities, the General Manager is hereby author-
ized to pay during, the year 1970 a total amount
not to exceed $8,000 under terms prescribed by
the Communications Manager, following the general
pattern established by the Board.
46) On motion of Mr. Griggs, unanimously
VOTED that, to contihue the Board's policy of
reimbursing National Traffic System officials above
the section level for certain approved travel in
furthering A R R L organizational activities, the Gen-
eral Manager is hereby ant homed to pay during
the year 1970 a total amount not to exceed $*i,ooo
under terms prescribed by the Communications
Manager following the general pattern established
by the Board.
July 1970
47) On motion of Mr. Arnold, unanimously
VOTED that the Generat Manager is hereby auth-
orized to pay during the period between January 1,
1971 and the 1971 annual meeting of the Board,
expenses against usual authorizations for adminis-
trative and committee operations in no greater
amount than 1970 authorized amounts.
48) On motion o f Mr. Foster, unanimously
VOTED that the amounts of $313.90 for the West
Gulf Division, $125.35 for the Dakota Division,
and $116.73 for the Canadian Division be author-
ized as additional reimbursed expenditures for
1969.
49) On motion o f Mr. Eaton, unanimously
VOTED that the Finance Committee he authorized
to invest the proceeds of the Insurance policy on
the life of the late K. R, Warner in accordance with
the general policy followed for other League funds.
50) Moved, by Mr, Chapman, that By-Law 5 be
amended, at line 8 of the August 1, J*Jf»7 edition,
effective July 1, 1970, to road, "at his request pay
dues of $2 per year,". After discussion, the motion
was unanimoudy ADOPTED, 16 votes in favor to
none opposed. So the By-Law was amended.
51) On motion of Mr, Chapman, unanimously
VOTED that this Board approve and appoint the
firm of Ernst & Krn&t as auditors of the League for
the calendar and fiscal year 1971 *
52) On motion of Mr. Compton, after discus-
sion, unanimously VOTED that the finance Com-
mittee undertake a study of the present level of
pensions being paid to retired employees of the
League* investigating particularly their adequacy in
view of the present and continuing increase in the
cost of living; this study to include the cost of
funding any increase recommended, und the
cost of extending such an increase to present
employees; the results of such study to he re-
ported to the Board as early as possible.
53) On motion of Mr. Groves, unanimously
VOTED that in recognition of their skill and
perseverence in the field o f 2300 MHz moon-
bounce experimentation and their contributions to
the growth of earth-riwon-earth communication,
the League presents the 1969 Technical Merit
Award to William L. Smith, W3GKP, of Spencer-
ville, Maryland, and Paul M. Wilson, W4HHK, of
Colliersville, Tennessee.
54) This Chair announced the opening of nom-
inations for the office of IVesident. Mr. Foster
nominated Mr. Dectniston. On motion of Mr,
Chapman, unanimously VOTED th&t the nomina-
tions. are closed and that the Secretary ca&t one
ballot naming Robert W. Denniston, W0DX rt
President of tht League for the ensuing term.
(Applause).
55) The Chair announced the opening of nom-
inations for the office of p n t Vice fresideht. Mr.
Gmelin nominated Mr. Eaton; Mr. Eaton stated he
appreciated the honor, but for many practical
reasons could not accept, and therefore, withdrew
his name. Mr. Albright nominated Mr. Groves. Mr,
Smith nominated Mr. t Compton. On motion of Mr,
Chapman, unaniinously VOTED that the nomina-
tions are closed- Tile Chair appointed Messrs.
Bolvin, Cassen and Metzger as Tellers. The Tellers
announced the result of the balloting as follows:
Mr. Groves 6
Mr. Ci>mpton 10
Whereupon Charles G; Compton. W0BUO was
declared elected First Vice President of the League,
for the ensuipg term. (Applause).
56) A standing ovation was given to retiring
First Vice President Way I and M. Groves, W5NW,
73

The Board at work.
for more than thirty-five yeant of outstanding and
devoted service t o the American Radio Relay
!<eague, including 20 a* Vice President.
57) The Chair announced the opening of nom-
inations for an additional Vice President. Mr.
Foster nominated Mr, Groves; Mr, Groves ex-
pressed appreciation but withdrew his name f r o m
nomination. Mr. Thurston nominated Mr. Best. On
motion of Mr. Chapman, unanimously VOTED
that the nominations are dosed and that the
Secretary cast one ballot naming Roemer O. Bert,
W5QKF, as a Vice President of the League for the
ensuing term, (Applause),
58) The Chair requested any other nominations
for an additional Vice President, Mr. Dannais
nominated Mr. Smith. On motion of Mr. Thurston,
unanimously VOTED that the nominations are
closed a n d that the Secretary cast i.me ballot
naming Carl L, Smith, W0BWJ, as a Vice President
of the League f o r the ensuing term. (Applause).
The Hoard was in recess from 10:55 a.m. to
11:05 a.m»
fill) The Chair announced the opening of nom~
inations for Honorary Vice Presidents. Mr. Albright
nominated Mr. Groves. On motion of Mr, Gmelin,
unanimously VOTED that the nominations ore
closed and that the Secretary ca&t one ballot
electing Wayland M. Groves, W5NW, an Honorary
Vice President of the League for the ensuing term.
(Applause).
61) The (.'hair requested any other nominations
for Honorary Vice President, Mr. Chapman nom-
inated Mr. Handy. On motion of Mr. Haller,
unanimously VOTED that the nominations are
closed and that the Secretary cast <me ballot
electing Francis E. Handy, W1BDI, an Honorary
Vice President of the League for the ensuing term.
(Applause).
62) The Chair requested any other nominations
for Honorar y Vice Presi dent. Mr. McConaghy
nominated Mr. Crossley. On motion of Mr. Smith,
unanimously VOTED t h a t the nominations are
closed and that the Secretary cast one ballot
electing Gilbert U Croasley, W3YA, an Honorary
Vice President of the League for the ensuing term.
(Applause).
fti) The Chair announced the opening of nom-
inations for Secretary. Mr Dannais nominated Mr,
Huntoon. On motion of Mr. Michel, unanimously
VOTED that the nominations are closed and that
the President cast one ballot electing John Hun-
toon, W1LVQ, as Secretary of the League for the
ensuing term, (Applause).
64) The Chair announced the opening of nom-
inations for the office of Treasurer. Mr. Chapman
nominated Mr. Houghton. On the motion of Mr.
74
Foster, unanimously VOTED that the nominations
are i-fosed a n d that the Secretary cast one ballot
electing David H. Houghton a* Treasurer of the
League for the ensuing term, (Applause).
OS) The Chair amounced that the Board would
now procecd to the election (if four directors t o
the Executive Committee for the ensuing year. On
motion of Mr. Gmelin, unanimously VOTED to
adopt procedures for the election of the Executive
Committee requiring reballoting when the plurality
of an apparent winning omdidate is less than a
majority of the total votes cast. Nominations then
being fn order, Mr, Clark nominated Mr. Dannais.
Mr. Michel nominated Mr, Eaton. Mr, Thurston
nominated Mr. Clark. Mr. Foster nominated Mr.
Thurston, Mr. Chapman nominated Mr. Gmelin.
Mr. McConaghy nominated Mr. Griggs; but Mr.
Griggs withdrew his name. Mr. Cumpton nomina-
t e d Mr. poster. On motion of Mr. Smith, unan-
imously VOTED that the nominations are closed.
The Tellers announced the results of the balloting
as follows:
Mr. Dannais 14
Mr, Eaton 14
Mr. Clark \2
Mr. Thurston 12
Mr. Gmelin 7
Mr. Foster 5
Whereupon Harry J, Dannais, W2TUK, Noel B.
Eaton, VE3CJ, Victor C. Clark, W4KFC, and
Robert B. Thurston, W7POY were declared elected
as members of the Executive Committee for the
ensuing term. (Applause).
f»6) On motion of Mr. Gmelin, unanimously
VOTED that the General Manager is instructed t o
study the possibility of publishing a series of
technical articles in QST which outline simple
portable a n d emergency hand-held radio equip-
ment, suitable for emergency communications
operation.
67) Moved, by Mr. Gmelin, that the Communi-
cations Manager is instructed t o change the present
1 (HMmile limit rule for club aggregate contest
scores, to be set at 175 miles. After discussion,
moved, by Mr. Chapman, that the motion is laid on
the table; but there was n o second, so the motion
t o table was tost. After further discussion, the
motion was adopted, 10 votes in favor t o 4
opposed. Mr. McConaghy requested t o he recorded
as voting opposed.
6K) On motion of Mr. Griggs, unanimously
VOTED that the Board of Directors does hereby
approve, in lieu of the approval for 1^71, the
request of the Associated Radio Amateurs of Long
Beach (Calif.) for the presentation of a national
convention of the AKKL in 1972 aboard the
Queen Mary in Long Beach, Calif., during the
period September 1st through 4th (Labor Day
week-end).
69) On motion of Mr. Griggs, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that the Board of Directors
does hereby direct the General Manager t o request
the various consumer oriented rating raaga'/ines t o
include in their reviews of TV receivers and related
home entertainment equipments the radio fre-
quency interference rejection characteristics of
such units.
70) Moved, by Mr. Griggs, that the Board of
Directors does hereby direct the General Counsel
to petition the Federal Communications Com-
mission for the establishment of element type
examinations f o r amateur license applicants, in-
cluding t:ode requirements for the Extra Class
license, with applicants receiving credit for ele-
QST for
merits passed for any given class of amateur license
over a period of rime not to exceed ninety days.
Moved, by Mr. Gmelin, to change the motion to
change the credit term to une year; but, after
discussion, with the consent of his second, Mr,
Gmelin withdrew the motion. On further motion
of Mr. Gmelin, after discussion, unanimously
VOTED (Canadian Director Eaton abstaining) to
amend the motion by striking the text and
substituting therefor the following: that the Board
instructs the General Counsel to continue his
efforts toward the establishment of examination
credits in amateur examinations. 'J he question then
being on the motion as amended, the same was
unanimously ADOPTED (Canadian Director Katon
again abstaining).
71) On motion of Mr. Griggs, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that the Planning Committee
be authorized by the Board of Directors to study
ways and means of setting up a pilot program to
provide VHF and UHF coverage of major metro-
politan areas with services comparable to those
given over W1AW, such as bulletins and code
practice* with such stations to be located at high
elevations and controlled from a remote point.
First Vice President Grows occupied the Chair
during a portion of the above discussion.
72) The board was in recess for lunch from
12:45 p.m. to 1:15 p.m.
73) On motion of Mr. Griggp, unanimously
VOTED to reimburse $IU0.78 additional costs of
operation of the VHF Repeater Advisory Com-
mittee* and to allocate an additional sum of $200
for the remainder of this year,
74) On motion of Mr. Albright. VOTED, 9 votes
in favor to 6 opposed, to take from the table his
motion concerning funds for the production of a
teen-age promotional book. Moved, by Mr. Gmelin,
to call for the question, but, with the consent of
his second, Mr. Gmelin withdrew the call. Moved,
by Mr. Albright, to amend the motion to provide
that the General Manager be authorized to expend
up to $ 1,0U0 for preparation, printing and study of
a small number of copies of a new ARRL
promotional booklet for teen-agers scheduled for
appearance later this year. After further discussion.
Max Arnold, W4WHN.
July 1970
New "Veep" Charlie Compton, W0BUO (center);
President Bob Denniston, W0DX; Secretary John
Huntoon, W1LVQ, (right).
on motion of Mr. Clark, unanimously VOTED to
amend the amendment to provide that the subject
be referred to the Membership and Publications
Committee. The question then being vn the
motion to amend, as amended, the same was
unanimously ADOPTED. The question then being
on the main motion a* amended, the same was
unanimously ADOPTED.
75) On mution of Mr. Albright, uiianimou&ly
VOTED that the Board express its sincere thanks
for the untiring work and devotion to the League
and to amateur radio by the vice directors,
assistant directors, SCMs, SECs, QSL Managers,
and atl members of the League. It is the sense of
the Board that their contribution to amateur radio
has done much to enhance amateur radio, parti-*
cularly in the fields of technical development and
public service.
76) On motion of Mr. Clark, unanimously
VOTED thai the Board of Directors of the
American Radio Relay League express its most
sincere appreciation to the Honorable Senator
Barry M. Goldwater, K7UGA, Arthur Godfrey,
K4LIB, and Bill Leonard, W2SKE, for their inval-
uable, expert and voluntary contribution to the
preparation of the "Ham's Wide World." This
documentary film, now being shown throughout
the wnrld, receives much of its thrust from the
generous endorsement implicit in their participa-
tion.
77) Moved by Mr. Clark, that the Articles of
Association and By-Laws be amended as necessary
to enable holding two regularly-scheduled Board
meetings per year (commencing in 1971) and that,
insofar as possible, committee meetings be sched-
uled so as to coincide with these in order to
conserve time and travel funds. After discussion,
on a rollcaU vote, the motion was rejected, 4 votes
in favor to 9 opposed, with 3 abstentions. Those
voting in favor were Messrs. Albright, Clark,
Compton, and Dannals; those voting opposed were
Messrs. Arnold„ Chapman, Eaton, Foster, Gmelin,
78
Griggs Haller, McConaghy and Stricter; Messrs.
Michel, Smith and Thurston abstained.
78) On motion of Mr* Clark, after discussion,
unanimously VOTED that an annual report he
prepared by the Public Relations Consultant, to
include life views and recommendations regarding
public relations, membership relations, and other
matters of management concern, baaed upon his
assessment of events and developments during the
preceding year.
79) At this point Mr. Clark presented reports
from the Contest Advisory Committee, and from
the Radio Aftiateur Satellite Corporation (AM-
SAT).
HQ) On motion uf Mr. Clark, unanimously
VOTED that funding not to exceed $200 per
committee be authorized as administrative expen-
ses for the Context Advisory Committee and the
DX Advisory Committee.
81) On motion o f Mr, McConaghy, unanimously
VOTED that the Board of Directors express its
most sincere appreciation to A. Prose Walker,
W4BW, for his contribution uf "Mandatory con-
siderations relative to expansion of American
phone bands" dated April 2 7 , 1 9 7 0 .
82) Moved by Mr. McConaghy, that the follow-
ing correction be made to By-Law 12 in the
Articles of Association and By-Laws, edition of
January J , 1970, page 5, 6th line, after the words
"such members," to add the following statement:
"He is authorized to appoint assistant directors as
personal appointees, throughout his division. Those
appointees-assist the director by keeping him
advised o f conditions and requirements for their
respective areas in respect to League require-
ments/* But there was no bei-oiid, so the motion
was lost.
83) Moved by Mr. McConaghy, that the follow^
inn correction should be made to Article S of the
Articles of Association, edition of January I» J 970,
page 3, 7th line, after the Kurd "director," In add
the following statement: "The duties of the vice-
director, in addition to that specified, will be to
assist the director in the performance of his
specified duties* when he so desires* and/or repre-
sent him when necessary an the situation ur
occasion warrants/* But there was no second, so
the motion was lost.
84) On motion of Mr. Halter, unanimously
VOTED that the Board extends its appreciation to
Don Waters; Phil Haller, VU9HPG.
76
the tie Id Engineering: Bureau and the Amateur and
Citizens Radio Division of the federal Communi-
cations Commission and to the Canadian Depart-
ment of Communications for their continued
assistance and cooperation in administering affairs
of the amateur body during the past year.
HMOn motion of Mr. Smith, the following
resolution was unanimously ADOPTED:
WHEREAS, Miss Lillian Salter, WIZJE, has
served the American Radio Relay League faithfully
and well as Communications Department Admini-
strative Assistant for 40 years, and, WHEREAS,
she has been throughout that time an example of
utmost devotion to duty and thereby has contri-
buted to the growth and stature of the League and
Amateur Radio and, WHEREAS, she retires from
the League'* active staff on Uctober 31, 1**70,
NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that
the Board of Directors of the American Radio
Relay League, in annual meeting assembled, do
hereby express to Lillian M. Salter, WlZJE, their
deep appreciation for her long, diligent and faithful
service to the League and amateur radio.
86) On motion of Mr. Gmelin, unanimously
VOTED that the section uf the Planning Com-
mittee report concerning election procedures is
referred to the General Counsel for advice and
further report to the Planning Committee.
87) On motion of Mr- Chapman, the following
resolution was unanimously ADOPTED:
WHEREAS, George Crammer, W1DF, has
served the American Radio Relay League for more
than 4 0 years with outstanding skill and devotion,
for most of the time as Technical Editor uf our
journal ££7* as well as Technical Director of the
League, during which time he has made outstan-
ding contribution* to the growth and stature of the
League, and WHEREAS, he retired from the
Headquarters active staff on January , 1970,
NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that
we, the Board of Directors of the American Radio
Relay League, in annual meeting assembled, do
hereby express to George Grammer, W1DF, our
deep appreciation for hi* long and diligent service
to the League and amateur radio, and our best
wishes for many happy years in a well-deserved
retirement.
8H) Moved, by Mr, Chapman, that this Board
hold a special meeting on November 7, H7Q to act
upon the holding of bi-annual meetlnp and to
conduct any other legal business. After discussion,
the motion was REJECTED, 5 votes in favor to 10
opposed. Mr. Griggt requested to be recorded as
voting in fa VOL.
391 At this point, the President announced the
following committee appointments:
tfnancc Mr. Eaton, Chmn
Committee Mr. Compton
Mr. Chapman
Planning Mr. Gmelin, Chmn
Committee Mr. Michel
Mr- Poster
Membership and Mr- AJbright, Chmn
Publication* Committee Mr- Clark
Mr. Arnold
Public Relations Mr. Haller, Chmn
Committee Mr. Oiggs
Mr. Stricter
Merit & Awards Mr. Orove*, Chmn
Committee Mr. McConaghy
Mr. Dannals
(Mr.Thurston.altO
QSTior
 90) On motion of Mr. Compton, after discus-
sion, unanimously VOTED that the comments to
be submitted in Docket IKHiU deal with the
proposed Section 97.87 ( f ) on identification o f
stations and specifically recommend that the inter-
pretation of rules governing which call to sign
effective almost sine* the beginning of amateur
radio be reinstated; that Section concerning
the power limit, be clarified; and that Section
97.K9 he altered tut necessary to insure cuntinuance
of amateur privilege* of experimental one-way
transmissions.
On motion of Mr. Foster, unanimously
VOTED that the General Manager is hereby auth-
orized to pay expenses for the operation of A R K L
committee* during the year 1 M7i>, hut nut to
exceed amounts as follows:
finance Committee $ 2000
Manning Committee 1500
Membership & Publications Committee wu
Public Relations Committee 1500
Merit & Awards Committee 600
Whereupon, on motion of Mr, Grnve*, the
Board adjourned, sine die, at 2:55 p,m,
'J3)<Time in session as a Board 14 hours, 50
minutes; total direct authorizations, 377,706,7fi)
John Huntoon
Secretary
The other end of many* many phone patches -
Thomas M. Stock, K2GQJ maritime mobile Region
3, aboard the hospital ship USS Sanctuary
(AH-17). The crew say* "Thanks" to these ops:
K6CM, W 6 A 0 R , W7BA, W 7 K W a W6KVH,
W6ERC, K H 6 A X , WB6GJJ, W2AFQ, WB6DIU,
W6VHR, W0FEE, W6BIG, K6FR, WA7CYF,
W7GGK, W6FDG, WA6ESQ, W9YXB, W8CUT,
W2PCG, W6BJ, W6MBD-
KXECUnVE COMMITTEE MINUTES
MINUTES OF
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING
No. JJO April 1*71*
Pursuant to due notice, the Kxecutive Ci>m-
mittee of The American Radio Relay League, Inc.,
met at the Shoreham Motor Hotel, Hartford,
Conn„ sit 2; 10 p.m. April JO, tv?0, Present:
President Robert W. Penniston, W f H X , in the
July 1970
Observing — Midwest vice R, V. Anderson, K 0 N L ,
(left) and Larry Shi ma. W0PAN, now director trom
Dakota.
Chair; Hrst Vice President Wayland M. Groves,
WSNW; Directors Victor C. Clark, W4KKT, Charles
ti. Compton, W0BUO, Harry JP Dannals, W2TUK.
and Noel K. K*tnnk VF3CJ;and General Manager
John Huntoon, W1 LVQ, Also present were General
cVuinsel Robert M. Booth, Jr., W3PS, and several
director** preliminary to attendance at the animal
meeting of the Board of Directors.
On motion <»f Mr. I )annals, affiliation was
unanimously G R A N T E D to the following socie-
ties: Aberdeen Amateur Radio Club, Aberdeen,
Miss.: Amateur Radio Club of Pridley Sr. High,
Kridley, Minn.; Anaheim High School Electronics
Club* Anaheim. Calif.; A H H ' - H ) Radio Club,
Youngstown, Ohio; Austin Area Amateur Radio
Cluh, Austin, Minn,; Hattelle-Columbus Radio
Club, Columbus, Ohio; Camelback High School
Klectronlcs Uub, Phoenix, .Ariz,; Cherry Hill High
School WeKt Amateur Radio Club, Cherry Hill,
N J , ; Clinton County Amateur Radio Association,
Wilmington, Ohio; Colorado DX Association, Den-
ver, Colli.; Kuvfid High School Radio Club, Huclid,
Ohio; b'arragut High \mateur Radio Chih, Con-
cord, Tenn.; Henry County Amateur Radio Club,
Napolenn, Ohio: HnHywuod Amateur Radio Club,
Hollywood, Pla.; Honolulu DX Club, Aiea, Hawaii;
Horace Mann School Radio Club. Bronx. N.Y.;
JamesviUe-DeWitt High Srfiool Amateur Radio
Club. DeWitt, N.Y.; K-W Society, Brook Park,
Ohio; Middlesex Amateur Radio Society, Crom-
well, Conn.; Mnnticeilo High School Ham Radio
Club, Monticello, N,Y,; Mount Raker Amateur
Radio Club, Inc., Hellingham, Wash.; New Carroll-
ton Amateur Radio Association, Lanham, Md*;
Nightly Absurdities for the Sleepy Amateur Net
Association, Morton Grove, lit.; Northwest Arkan-
sas Amateur Radio Club* Springdale, Ark.; Robert
E. Lee High School Amateur Radio Clrtb, Mont*
gomery, Ala.: St. John's University Amateur Radio
Club, Coliegeville. Minn.; San Antonio Repeater
Organization, San Antonio, leva*,* San Carlos Civil
Defense Amateur Radio Club, San Carlos, Calif.;
Shamrock High Ajnateur Radio Club, Decatur, Ga.;
Sharon Amateur Radio Association, Sharon, Mass.:
Smoky Mountain Amateur Radio Transmitting
Society, Kingsport, Tetm.: S o u t h e r n Peninsula
Amateur Radio Kluh. Hampton, Va.; 3 M Amateur
77
 Behind the Diamond
At the U.S, Navy'R submarine base in Groton,
l;oniu there's an Acoustical Research and Develop-
ment Division whose job it is to "keep the Silent
Service silent." And at the head of that division is
an articulate amateur, Robert York Chapman,
W1QV, who since Januaty. I, 1965 has been
director from the New England Division of ARRL.
Bob first joined the League in 1923 and the
next year acquired the call 1QV which he has held
ever since* He's trustee, life member, past president
and past activities manager of the Tri-City Radio
Club, Trie,, of Mew London, Connecticut, and
served as chairman for 21 consecutive tanifest*
held by the club. He's also a past civil defense
director for the town of Groton. Bob is a Charter
Life Memher of the League, member of QCWA,
OOTC, IEEE and the A-l Operator Dub and holds
appointment as an official phone station, official
bulletin station and official observer. He's been on
the League's Finance Committee since hj$ first
Board meeting, and currently heads a special
committee to draft a charter for an ARRL Founda-
tion*
Radio Club, Maplewood, Minn.; Three Rivers
Radio Club, Breckenridge, Minn.; Westinghouse
Amateur Radio (Hub, Mountain View* Calif,; Yel-
low Thunder Amateur Radio Club, Inc., Bamboo,
Wise.
On motion uf Mr, Groves, Life Membership was
unanimously GRANTED to the following appli-
cants:
Peter G. Adely, Sr., K2MHP/WB2A&T; Robert p.
Arnold, WA7BKB; Bruce N. Becker, W3ATW:
Francis S> Brien, VE3GMD; Sam P. Carroll,
W7JLF; K B. Crates, K4RQE/6; Lee William
Cook, WAttWNK: N. H, Davidson, KSJVF; Ray
Day, WA4LKP; Hiias fctheridge. Jr„ K4IX; J.
Bradley KHppin, KbHPR; Mathew G. Gibbons,
K6PV; Bruce F. Hagemeister, W0MGV; Francis S.
Harris, WlFZJ; Kverett M. Hawley, Jr., K8JTT;
Harry D. Helfrich, W3ZM; Waldemar Horizny,
W2KVL; Lee D. Hovey, KOKKX: Krling R. Jacob-
sen, W9KBE/K40JY; Victor B. Johnson, Jr.,
K4GXV; William D. Koch, WAS LBQ/WB2DWS;
Thomas M. Kulas, WA0IAW; Donald L. Lisle,
K6IPV1 Gloria H, McDaniel, W9GHO; Leo A.
Miller, WB4FUO; David H. Morgan, WB4BPA/
WB4J1N; Donald J. Myslewski, K3CHD; Stirling M.
OFFICERS' REPORTS AVAILABLE
TO MEMBERS
Each year the officca o f the I^ajtoe
m a k e comprehensive written reports to
t h e d i r c c l o r i . T h e Board has made these
report* available to interested member*.
In a volume which alao include* report*
o f the dircctoni. The eo«t price is $1.00
per copy, postpaid. A copy o f the finan-
cial statement only im available without
charge. Addreaa the General Manager*
AKRL, Newington, C o n n . 0611L
Number 25 in a Series
Bob and his wife Marge live in Groton, Con-
necticut, and have three sons, a daughter and 13
grandchildren. Bob is an active member of the
Poquonnock Bridge Baptist Church and of the
Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine.
Olberg, WlSNN; Peter Kadding. W2D1Q; Clayton
N. Schlenker, W4AZU; Dwight W. Smith, K0CER:
David W. Stamp*. W8CWE; R Stanley Stoops, Jr.,
K7ZJS; Charles S, Weller, Sr., K4MRZ; Ernest L.
White, Jr., K4AAB; Lee Wical, KHfiHZV; Geor«e V.
Young, W5KQD.
On motion o f Mr. Clark, the Committee con-
firmed earlier approval of a Georgia State Conven-
tion in Augusta on September 19-20, 1970, and a
Roanoke Division Convention in Kaleigh, North
Carolina, on October 31-November 1, (970; and
newly granted approval for the holding of a
Southeastern Division Convention in Miami, Flor-
ida, on January 2>24, 1971, a Great Lakes
Division Convention in tirand Rapids, Michigan,
April 16-17, 1971, and a Southwestern Division
Convention in Anaheim, California, on September
4-6, 1971-
New England Division Director Robert York
Chapman, W1QV, reported to the Committee on
plans and progress of the 1970 National Conven-
tion In Boston*
On motion of Mr- Clark, unanimously VOTED
that the sum of $1500 it made available to the
Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT) to
help underwrite administrative expenses.
There being no further business, the Committee
adjourned, at p.m. JOHN HUNTOON
W1LVQ- Secretary
KJ6C* and KJtBZ on Johnston Island jointly
announced the 24 hour "Marathon" QSO party
primary for U.S. operators un ssb only. Take this
opportunity to add new country to your DXCC
credit. 00011 to 23S9Z July 4th 1970. Suggested
freq. 28.6, 21.4, 14.3, 7.18 MHz. For this event
only send (JSL with s.ajt.e. to WA6EN t" for
prompt confirmation.
 HOW'S D X ?
CONDUCTED BY ROD NEWKIRK,* W9BRD
How: i w a f t s precisely p i l e d o n a single f r e q u e n c y , l i k e
A p p l e p o l i c i n g i n ruvunge, 116 wv insisted last
m o n t h , w i l l y does n o t h m ' f o r n o b o d y n o h o w .
I t ' s m u r e subjirctivL* t h a n objct-livt 1 , i u o j t e m o -
tional than promutiuual, mure destructive than
I'nn^mrTiviv Pnhaw, anyone can throw a
wuL*p> t a n t r u m uver «oinothing thev d o n ' t d i g ,
W V r n h o m w i t h t h a t t a l r n t ; f o r t u n a t e l y most
o f uw outffr o w i1,
T h e ancient p h o o c y - w i t h - p h o n e a n d n u t e - t o -
••w pohtrijuition that lay d o r m a n t d u r i n g h a m
m d i o ' * r m - n t <#?u,t,fm» :md r f t i r k ' s s ypan* has
vve})i uut of the ivuudwurk again. N o h a m
like? b r i n g shoved g r o u n d i n hia f a v o r i t e
bztnd*. I f h i * h a b i t s arc hardened t h e putihinx
is a l l the m o r e irksome- :\ T ow f a f t e r years of
1'ontf'ntfMl o b l i v i o n t o t.»;u*h o t h n r , v u i r r a n d
'•ode sjmrialiftts fire u i w d b y F C C t o Mtmple
p u r h otherV< hug or k u v ;t tow wpUvt k H z .
T w i n ' t guiivrally a j o y o u s j i r o ^ w t l o r either.
W e l l , m a y b e i t V t i m e m o r e of us p l a y e d t h e
g a n i r , I ) X and o t h n j w i * H , w i t h broader p ^ r -
• j p w t i v e . A n y phune hater w h o t h i n k * a l l
m i k e s b e l o n g o n 11 meters e v i d e n t l y doesn't
grab the m a s t o r f u l j o b done b y wideband D X
a n d t r a f f i r nots? d a y i n a n d d a y t.nu o n h f
bands. H e w h o hollers, anyone* ran y a k -
y a k " Iip'ik nev»T sweated as N C S f o r a fast-
m o v i n g 11 trip tv-$ t a t i o n phoue g r o u p . I n ^lU'h
a c t i v i t y p r o p e r l y Y O X e d *wb n o w provides re-
m a r k a b l y C'ffprfivp f l e x i b i l i t y . 77iiic a p p l e
pulisthes t-a^ily.
X* f o r antieode charaeters n o i s i l y w a i t i n g f o r
r w t o ko away, the Iawh of physio* are blacked
h f i t \ ily uiciuuft 'em. A n y given n u m b e r of
• 7X82-H We*t htxwiriwuAy*., ChicaRorOirMMUr
HB0t AFM and GJ, left and right, join this year's DX-
peditlormry parade through ruggedly beautiful Liech-
tenstein. Such vantages overlooking the Rheln are
perennial candidates of ''How's" QTH of the Month
photography. Oscar and Fritz are HB9s AFM and .GJ
back home in Zurich. (Photos via W1CW)
>irens u n fuuergeury vehicle*. have an a w f i i l
Jot g o i n g f o r t h e m , i n c l u d i n g possible f a n t a s t i c
SfJ'.vtivitv at t h e r e v i v i n g end. T h e v a l u e t o
a m a t e u r radio of i t s cw t o o l ubviouuly w i l l i n -
crease d i r e c t l y as b a n d o c m p a n c y , rf noise p o l -
l u t i o n a n d o t h e r p r o p a g a t i o n .'idvcreitios. N o t
h a r d t o puli&h thai applu.
T h e n we have o u r various v h f , K T T V , f m ,
f-ir.. a p p l e t to * h i n r \ T o o b i g a Job f o r t h i s
l i t t l e curlier, you're exhorted to help. N o
need t o s m u d g e another's pet w i n r a a p , O M ;
j i m t p r e t t y y p y o u r o w n . T l i e iSpurt w i l l be t h e
brighter all around,
* * t
What:
Many of tiitt jping will I * flown af- thi» IkwHi nr rlwp
in the ivoods these warm Jaav days. Othcrv prefrr vura-
ticjninjjt at home i*u the ham hand*. Not h bad idea,
Mint, Just haul y m r Mtntion into the lurk ynrd ami
mihIc up Mintp Kirn while you pick off a few Jiew one*,
OM, C<vc-n.'HMt and rainy: Just plug in a rflmck sun
lump, peel down, Iprii hunk unri twirl yam- to-nm, It jt'n
k 3U-mi'tei- rimjrn yoiill hp hnhpnhbin' with mine nf the
puy* nrrft hrIb liAted in the 14-MH* voire D X ciitaloie to
tnjff^-. f r t ^ u w i c A , in ktU uhove the 14t(KKl-kliz bmnl
rdice, appenr paruathosiieiil; digit* uiifMil* par^nK tfo for
Gitf-iiwirh Mean Time wIkiIp Jioitm. By rmtttimrit, thiiii,
• i i
Oh phone, aLwnlm^ fn \coid trnio the hpm-
—v nttpr niPtitimvrt, W« 3KXK 3HNK 4YOK flYttA
8VQR 9LNQ, K« 4TWJ BBF SPYD, HAs JFHU XHAA
IJMJt 2BCTT 2HIW 2BPL 2UDZ 3GVP SJHB 4ZZU
HK(}U\ WB4» ilYH Hiid KZG, nhoundK with intei^tirm
Hml varrei.1 nccuntu From
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18, 12, KPla HT BO t)A (233) UX (228)
MY TW H 0 I 4. HL9» UU U1S) 12, VV (Jlfll 12.
U t WW (350) 11. HM1HB <195) 14, HSs 1ABO (240) 16,
1ABH IT, 1 \HU 14, I.U^il <240) 11. 1< *H 13. 2JH f P U
3ACY ("210J 9, 4ACK (218) 1«. 4ADR <347). .1AMU <211)
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n«ll MY (210) 14, NM NR. HH 134 ZB, MP4s BBA
H2A1 IN, BBW (300) 21, BBY (235 ) 3, BUY B>1>1 (331)
MKG TT).\. ODSa AD (205) 22, AU BZ l a f f l 3-4.
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8Mb (203) 6. 0 D D T 2, UA* 9AB 3, 9DN 8, 9KAX
(ISO) 13-11, 9J£OG 9RB KVii/JTl (331) 22, 9VX (230) 8,
0 A L 0 D G ( 1 » ) 13. 01W OLU 0 Y B (250) 13, UD«s
D R \160j 4. UB 1160) 21, UFtis AG (333) 14-15. CA
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6QAA (3101 19, 9AAH 0, 9AAN (MB) 4, 9ABA (133) 10,
9HAD, UL78G (179) 4, UM8* FM JbV FZ (208) 4,
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13. 9EA 90U (210) 3, 9WA 4, 0 A A 0 A Z 0IK (150) 14,
VS» 6AA (243) 1ft, 6AL (210), 6DA (1W) 13, 6DH- (320)
12, 9MB (210) 21, VU2a BA BEU (183) 19, B X (218) 13,
UK DK (140) 6, GB (208) 18, KY 18-19. NEW OLK
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17, CK (342) 18, CS (240) 15, UT CY (290) 16. l)K (130)
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1HD IftG 3D>D 5RG/1 0UDRC (204) 18-19, VlCb AA
AM <247) 21, ZC4i CB 8, MT (230) 9, KB 14-19,
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DK. 13-14, IF 15. VG (204) 14, 4Z4HF (240) 19, 7Z3AB
i203 > 20, 3QAYL (200) 18, 9K2s AM (298) IK-19, BK CF
(305) 17. »M2b AA (210) 13-14, CP CK DW DX (218) 0.
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6AK 6FR (ISO) *GA 6. 6GO 2. 61K C13U) 2, 61V
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21, 7BC 1, 7CH (122) 13, 7U1 3, 7DB 7LK (203) 19.
SAG (102) 12, 8AJ 12, CT3AW (210) 6, EAs 8BB 4.
8EN L. SFB (280 J 8, 8F8 (*58>, 8HZ (247) 17, 9AA
9AQ, EL2» AT (332) 19, AW BA Bll (210) 1, BZ 3,
KTJ* D » (189) 20, USA (132) 20, X L ZU 17, FBS» WW
(120) 17-18, X X (357) 19. YY (279) 12, ZZ 113D1 17,
F U a DO (215) 16, MB (246) 14, Bit, FR7» ZD (202) 4,
ZO (410) 3, ZJ 17. ZP 25 W (.247) 14, SU1MA (295) 17,
TJ1* AU AW (205) 22, TN8BK, TR8MC (117) 21,
TTSAF (290) 6, TVl» AW O, BB (20T) 22. B X Ctt 17,
VQs 8A1J 8CI 20. ICR (212) 14, 8Cd 18, 9CD (248) 10,
XT2AA 31 ZDk 3K (248) 22, 5A SR 4, 3X (203) 14, TBI)
(239) 21. KBB 17, SCB (25ft) 22, IDB (202) 22. 8H S, 8 0 S
9BN. (248) 18-19. ZKk ICQ ICY IJE JJE 3JC 3JL (3331 19,
4JO 0, 9JU ZSi 2MI (2S9) 9-6 nf Marion i«1p, 3HT il.If
20. (398) 4-5 tuiri two (loz«u others. JV8AL (132) 20,
5A1TL, SB3* JL LV. SSla AAB AAF (2fi0) 21, ABG
(2S2> 6, SR8« AP 4, AM (215) 15, Ait Ati All 18. AX
HC (Still 1 IB, BX,. 5T5« AU (353) 0. tttt (L701 7. SVZDB
(2D0) 5-7, 5X5FB. SIM KC (208) 13. KL i200) 21. JiM
M", 6WSs BD I>Y (130) 22, 7Q7i BU (218) IB. UB 15.
JO (182) H, JO 19. 7Xa SlAL (281) 21. 2MI> (AUtU (139)
10, 9K3U8A (302) 14, 9G1M UO-(1IHIJ 3D, UT 7. 9 i b f «
l>V 15, 9L1RP (223) 23, 905s CO (258) 22, l)G 21. EB
JjF LO O, HD RH, 9IJSi BB (210) 7. CR, 9X5s AA
(188) 12-19, BP VI and WJ 19.
n C E A N I A - C21JW (245) 9, Dt)» I BEM 1B8P 11JBT
* ' 1104) 19, 1FB (220) 19, 1FH (201) 15, WAV 7KK
(210) 18, 9FB (207) 15, 9VVL (205) 14. DXlHMI, MUfc
AC (332 ) 4. AU 8. BU BO (280) II. FOSB AA AB AH
17, BU (251) 10. BK. (ISO) 8, HC) (1051 8. BQ BU (X78)
3. BV (332) 4. BX (240) 9. BY 4, (JN 17. OS (2901 8,
KC6s AQ BY (230) 14-16. OT 13. EJ (21ft) 7. ~Kei (210)
10. JC (259) 12. B& (205) 12, WB (240) 10, KGfe AAY
ABD I, AKR AQV 14, NAC KM (28ft) 15, KH6b EUR
GJ)R 8, 1J Nit, Kifis W& (2901 11. CD OF (205) *-9,
KM6s BI CB ( » 8 ) 2. DO, RS6s B X BY (322) 8, CY
(261) 5. DfT (249) 12-14. DJ, KX6s BC BQ (2321 DC
L)R FJ GX, VK* (and AX*) mtore induduv 1HC ICR
7AZ 7CL TOO TIL 7KJ 7KW THM HKK «XK (299) 10,
9BM (240) 12, VBN (350) 12. 9KP (320) 12. 90A (251)
10, 9QN (240) 0-7. 9KA (2U) 12. 9KJ 9KB 9KY 9LB
9\fM rSSli) 12. 9K1 9NH 1219) 12, 9RA 9WD <230) 13.
9X1 (220) U, 0 K W (249) 19, O i l ) (34K1 8-7, V l b U .
-368) 13. 10 U T ' (134) 6. 1DI (315) 13. 2BK 2£Q 2FT
(285) 8-10. 4BC (237) 7, 4CD (234) 11-12. 4CG (230) 12.
4K2 (282) 9-10. JLT (2041 5, 6TC (220) 8-7. VSSPH
(25(1) 14-IS, YB» 1AAK (311)) 13, 6 A AH 18. flJA BlAB
»2W) IK, 7AAH 9AAJ (300) 12. 0AAB 13. 0AAC 0 A A B
A t (212) 14. 0 B D 0 B S (238) 14, ZKls AJ (288) 9,
HA 9. two doH>n ZLs (and ZMsi iadudinc lAA'V/k 13,
iP(J/p 1.133) 9Mk 6HM (204) 14 nnd SFMF (179) 18.
IT UfeOPE—CT* 1AU 1BK 7. IKL 20, 1<>F 21. 1UD 10,
^ l.KK 7, 2AP (200) 10-17, 2AT (2981 9, D M i 2C;DL
(135) 4, 3RML. £Aa iFl) UY 3SA 4CX 4LH 6BC 23,
6BN 0. "KC 7KK B i b AI (247) 21. BX BY & H. Fs
2CJD/FC AA.TR/FC 1180) 18. OUC'FC, <iB2DX.
GC8DVC, GDs 8FWN (256) 7. 3GMH 9. 2TXF 7. SAPJ
'230) f). G B R NY (1«0) 1. GM5NW (170) 22. GWs
^BOC 2XRZ 4N'Z. HA* 5AM 5ML 7LF (185) -1.
HB0LL, HV38J (158) 18-19, tea lit, IS1LIO 19-22.
I Tin AF FIB 0, JT TTH (225) 6. JWb tCI (199) 0. 3XK
22, 3MN 70H (1X0) 20, SMI, M s 8MN 4GN (332) 22.
80
8IL 1, LAU H UH 22, LF4G (1S9) 17, LG5LO 18, LXi
!YL ft 2CQ 1. LZla KRX> Kii'i (218) 15. Mia B (343) 4,
1 (202) 0. plenty ut O f b (uGa and UU) witb 0RJ
(I5Q) 7-8, O f o 1SN 2EGL 20. 8TT 18, OKa 1APB 2BQT
22, 2RZ 0. OIX5RW. OYa IE IX 2R 8, 5N8 0-1. 9LV
(290) 18, OZSs KW m (215) 22, SK7BK, BMa 2bJ(j iZt
SAXH SCLW 5CZY 8AFH SP« 5CKM (183) 7,
viAJX 9VU, SVa 1BV 23, 0 W B 0 W I (848) 19,_0WDD 7.
0 W P 0VVU (232) 4, TFa 2VVKP (198) 20, XfVLS 3MA
17, l)A» ICR H, 1KAK 12. 3YK 4IK UBSs RAW 15.
KKII 8, UCZs AC 16, Ub' (180) 21, (JKs 1N.VU 1ZAA
2BBB (173) 2, 2GAA (203) 4, 4CAA 4FAD (230) 2.
4HAW 9BBM «l,AZ (207) 3, UOSa KM (227) 8, HZ
(214) 16, FK 6. WS, UP2s AY 1174) 7. PA. l/QZKAA
(130) 10-22. LR2LH (218) 7, UTSa AD K K M 9. XTH
UF OS4, UV8ACF. UWa 3AO 31, SHY >232) 3, 3WR
41K. UY5s LK XB, YOs 2BB (210) 5. 2BN (210) 23,
7DI) 7, DVI (209) 5, YUs (and YTs) IBCD 8, 2AOD
2GK 9. 2NFY 2KBO 19, 8CNO (27u> 2U. 3EJ 21. 3EM 7.
3TVP. ZB2BT 20, JA2a C L (230) 17, EE (190) 7, MX
(258) 22, 4U11TII (238) 7-9, «Hla BK (233) 23, BG (241)
A, BX 1 ai«I CD (252) 0-1.
C O U T H AMERICA—CEn (and XQ») U T 18. 2TR
^ 3ZN (199 ) 22, 6GB 8GA (130) ft 8A£> 9A2 CAE
(218) 9-8 0TB (339) g . C P a 1KR 1GT (130) 23, UD
5DX (188) 22, CXICE, F Y K AA VI YM (186) 20, HCa
IBM 3. 11IE 1RF ITU 9, 2FG 2 0 G / l 2HA1 (140) 8. 2BO
rtAB (109) 7, HUB (104) 4, HK» 3AK. 3BI4D 3VA 4.
U!AV 0 B I 8 0UKX (229) 2-3, KC4s AAD (240) 9, AAi
L'MB USD USG 3, USH 3, UBN (324) 4. UBQ 12-13.
UHY (290) 11, l.'BY, LUa IBB 2WAU 31)UX IKA 3FAN
3KW 5AH fiRL «02, OA* 3'/-P 41W (288) 1, it»M 7,
1*Yh (ami variiiDU) 1MBC 1NAX 2Pii 4BR OYA (228)
2, 7AWD,0 (110) 20, 7TB 5, 8QG, PZJa A& 3, BD 23-0,
BF 10, BW C'l (181) 21, (JZ (2<>I) 22, DA (240) 32. DF.
\P* I HO (237) 3, 8Ft. 8HZ 8KD (128) 22, YYa 1PP
H'A (180) 0, 5CKR (274) 23, 6GG, ZP5a CE GB (230) 1,
JN OJ (2401 b-7. 4Ma 1A (229) 1, 7AV. 8R1U (180) U.
9Y4s AA BW (193) 7, LF PL 2, UH (347) 3. VT (176)
23 and VV, l)n Bmtth Amerira'a phnrw* pmfff 15 MMl
WV
He rXLe a b(136
o u t s — C O 2 F a <m> 1. f g 7 « t h (ii5) 21,
) 23. X T ( l ! » ) 8, X X (2U) 11. FM7WW,
FP8b AP (260> 12-19, HH9DL (239) 0, H18a LA UU
XKA XEW 0, HPa urnd HOt) IDF 1. IJC 2AF 3, 2fiF
llER tt. HR* 1KAB (192) 22, 1RBP (332) t9, 2MB 2HHP
2JJC 32, 2PU 2WTA (190) 2, KG4AL (299 ) 23, KL7k
AIJS tUV H/iO l)KH ( kJ6 (215) 12. DRZ F.RK KEY
KNTH 3-4, FRU GAG, KP4« AST CQB 4, tDFil 5. DIA
2. LC 7. KV4s AM 17, DC GK GP (332) 22-23, ILUk
DA (229i 1, DF EK 11 (260) 12. NH. OXa 3AA SAB 21.
3 BR 17. ftBL (210) 17, SRC (200) 23, 5BG (210) ft. »BL
(I90| 19, SKN, Pis 2CA 2CC 3CW SUR SHT (148 ) 22-
23. 3AB (180) u, 3AV (200) 19-20. TGa 81A SEP 20, 9FH
WxK (178) 22, VOK 6. 9RV 9XX (281) 3. TI2a AD 8,
BW (J80) 23, CAP KGW W I > MV. VPu 2AA (.195 ) 20.
2AAHL ZAL JAN (188) 0, 2AT 13. 2EQ 2EX (107) S,
£GLE (275) 19. 2KC (2401 2, 2KM (220) 1. 2LX 2MI
23, 2MY 2SAB 12, 2VI (19U) 0, 2VV 23. IVY (201) 9,
SAA (1981 13. 3 MB (215) Ift. «NB (135) 0, 5TH (130) 7,
7CG 4, 7DL 7FA (173) 7. 7FX 7XO 9BK (1171 23, 9FX
1. 9L, numerous XC» mutudins SAF llOO) 0, 8KB 3LK,
YN« land H'lV) 1CI IDW UW INT 1RDH ItiN 2DX
2JH SRM 4JPH. Y)fa (and HUa) 1AG (1«7) 7, ItN IP
IMG (130) «, 3FH, ZF1GC (215) 30. 6Y5a AH 17, AK
-VN GA GB BR, UC, 8P6H AE (203) 11-12, A2 BC (139)
10 ami CC (170) 23.
» • »
Twenty-cw dei-Rlopmrnta uet nur aftpiitton mxt month
tlianks tn Wk IBV 1DAL 1FOC 2KXK 4CZM 4YOK
4JSYT fiBJSK SOB 5K.KW (IF,AY 7Ti"TN 8KZO KYGlt
SDY flt.NQ. Ks SOU I 4TWJ 4MHG/0 8PYD XTRF
0 G X V . WAtf 1FHU 1JKZ 1JUR 2BHJ %HU'A
IfcEA 2i'WR 3GVP 3JHB 8K8Q IC'ZM AH AX SVMW
OWtiY, WB« 2D KB 4GAH 4JYB 4KZG 9AVY, HER and
VE7BAF. Then we'll turn the "How's" Bandwagon awr
tn (40 cwi Wa 1BMR. IBV 4YOK 6GB 5KXW 7YTN
8YGR »KY, Klfl'HF, WAa 1FHU 1IRY 1JKZ 1JMR
2HCT 2l<i)H 2HDZ 2YWR 3GVP 4CZM 91)AX 9BQY.
WB4GAH, I1ER. YE3GHO: (40 phowt WAla FHU
JKZ J M R : (80 cw) W a 1BWX &YGR MY. W A * 1FHU
URY 2YWR 4CZM: (75 phone) Wis BftIR WOC,
WAIr FHU JMR, VE3GHO: (10 pw) Wa 4YO.K 8KZO
SYGR, K5MHG/6. WAa 1FHCJ 2HZR 2KEA 9YMW
9HQY, HER, VE7BAF; (10 nhonai Wa 3HNK 4VCJK
5GB 9KKW .HYUR WAa 1FHU 2FOS 5YMW
flSQYt (15 rw) Wa IBV 4ZYT 5BZK 8KZO 8YGR
0LNQ. feSMHG/B. WAa 1FHU IIRY 1JKZ )JMR
UWrr 2HHT 2BHJ 2DFD 2FOB 2HHZ 2KEA 2YWR
3GVP 3.IOY Bt.'AX AYMW 9ZKH 9BQY OPXT, WBa
211RST 4KZG 5YMW QAVY OCJB. WNs 2JKA 2JQL
WFO 9CDR. 1IER, VBa 8GHO TBAFj (15 phoiw) Wa
SHNK 4YOK 5GB 5KKW 8YGR 9LNQ. UK 4TWJ
PYD. WAa 1FHU UK55 «JHB, WBa 4KZG 9A\T and
M8QY. Climb aboard. OM!
Q S r lor
Where:
AFRICA—Dahomey dDemma Bolved—there really rare
two TYGATEa. No. 1, W4K.IL, wasn't aware of
No. 2'fl legitimacy until research by WAOAUD clarified
things. VY4K1L used the edl trom May, 1907, through
May atirl missionary Ted Schulta was authorized to
flijm it at Natitlnfftm from November, 1968, into "May ok
If you're not in Fred's TY6ATK log try u note with
QBL to Mr. tohulta at 605 MeJba St., HattMaUK,
Miss., 3W01 , Alt hoi is h he may already have ooe
or more by the tone this fluts around, FL8HM Becks a
Stnteaide Q&L helper . ^ CR0GO, who «MHt*ts with
CR7DB and T M A f l QSLinff, wirnt* his <«wn cards via
tttiitland's RSGB bureau, George stresses, however, that
02MI only relays his QBLs and hold a no CIWGO loan,
Same with CRAB. Angolan*, hy the way, are reported
using their XX0 prefix now end then WA4WTG
disclaims connection with CR4BC QSLing , _ , "Af-
ter a three-year lapse I*m rmw again QNL manager for
23UAT," affirms W4NJF, specifying the customsrr
(self-addr&sed stamped envelopwi {mm W/K
applicants, *,a4, plus IROs (International Hcply Cou-
pons) from others 9X$RD's XYL tells "W5TV PJ2PS is a DX regular from sunny Curacao on several
that the OM has been off the air for yrnr*. Scratch bands. Paul recently qualified for ARRL's Worked All
another Knock flU5TD off WSUHlt'a DXpedition States certification. (Photo via W1YYM)
nf the- Month Q8L managerial list. too.
A 5IA—f*IYe taken on QBL dinmi for AP3KB nfl of
A March jinnromres K6TWT, "Khalid is a ftrv Box 6906, H a v a n A also that T12J takes mer
14-MMs mb buff who seems to lie workinjr the world
with hts homemade 80-watter," "9K2AM CJHI* TWCSMP'a t^sk VPJMI tHls
100 per rent/' finds WA2BPLp rJjimimint with Moham- LJ DXA's ftu/fe/OT that all QSL roquetta
mad via 20 vnim . ^ . _ , . . West Coast DX Bulletin learn* have been beared W3GHK advise* that
that (H7PB now handles his own WUnff 4 _ . _ . W1AVXO/KY4 loga tor SepteTiif»rr 2» fhroii K b ClrtoNM-
THWI/s Monitor point* out that W9VZP d m not do W, IflUK. HT* to hand, al«o that VP2ACl is deleted from
QHL chore* for the prpwnt HT.9Kf[r currently the call £hn -HXo.M QHIAXIK roster 'QSLera uf the
of Oaan A.R.C2, Hol#»* performed for a previoli* HLtfKH Month 1 ' cheemi for DX<vptmnRj|y f««t rani come bar k»
rirra IW^TO WSHNK's tour a* IIM1K.T QBL me K \ S 1JD 3 0 H F FKXXX, K I J N M H , GKQAtM.
rep eommenrea with QHOa of thta April. Joe's duties in MBHAC4H, Kcwrp, I'WAP, WMTRA. XS1DDM.
SMTOCV t^haTf etart. wt»h May <<ontacts -'All ViilXKB. YY7AV. ZHs LAAT/k 1TB SPO/c. 48TDA,
Q81* will anavered after mv return to the fltatw," HK2AM and UY4VY- plua CJHL aidm Wh IHJ'M JCl'N,
promise KftflJV who left Otoe in late May. 4ZCP ttGZK, WKSKBK. VK3HV^ and ZfAAKZ.
Kleetora tn thi« liat ao-/"HowV J currebpoiidcntji Ws
E UROPE-CttMT informs u* that the HSGB Q8L
Bureeu will be cloperl from October 10 to Novem-
ber 6, 1070. No mailings timed to nrrive between those
4PQ RYGR. WAS* BPL GMD >11U, WBs 4GAH «AVY
9CJs ami VK7BAF, Anv worthier nut your way?
*Alp! F
PI»EAE I T A L I C I ^ L «MLLEAKIIE9 tfl'H d»»wi R E -
dates, if yon please, while Arthur take* thp tun an ardutff hoTi" nii« mentioned: W2KXKt HB0XGR.
GSMT/VPft . - UA8FF. not t*AlFF, ia KHHietrd 1WIAWs VTA3BOB. Kcl4AZ. TG9PT),4 VP1PH. YSflAK:
QSLwisp hy tVIHNK Even-hod v it nfflretM hy a \VA8S'fl\ X22DW: IVAU8QY. ( lltfAl. GD3TXP,
Q&L jinx or two fours is cw Hits), After QSO* with 43 'I F2WKK, TOflOK. TJ1AW; nnd M**Nf7t OA4CY.
Italians VVAIJKZ slill yparna for his fir*t 11 Q&L, Idep^T . WBa fflEO and MVY. also KCTWT,
WABPQY'a hang-tin is U.B.R.R, paalehoarda, <tr rnthpr '>ffer QSL uionaaerzal ATvieea to DX i»ps MI oned . ^
thr> Ipnk thereof. Both resionn HMIJHIIV M M E through NC'DXOa AitHL Q&L Humau aialand bratirh punhed
slowly but Hiirely via thp bureau* rrjtite. OMs. 33.IKH1 C^SLa in Marrh u-jth only three (unbounded) cam-
S OUTH AMERICA—"My
WaCTN," affirms PE1AT. "hut t h w
QSL mana^r is
wiah to
plalnt*.
rkCEANIA—VKWM's )n?n often m c h QSL tender
obtain QftLa direct may do m . " "No planes ari» " KFITWT mon