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Form 1 worksheets BOOKLET

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Name of student……………………………………………
1/1/2021

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Class………………..

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 Form 1 worksheets BOOKLET 2021

UNIT 1. 0: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

1.1 – The Nature of Science

The Interactions of Science, Technology and Society.

1. Fig. 4.1 shows a car as an example of a technology used in Botswana.

(a) State two positive and negative impacts of the technology on the society.
Table 4.1

Positive impact Negative impact

[4]

(b) State two environmental impact of the above technology.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………...…………………………………………………………………………. [2]

2. Define the following terms:

(a) Science

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) Technology

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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(b) Differentiate between Science and Technology.

Table 2.1

Science Technology

[2]

Doing Science
1. In an experiment to investigate starch production by a plant, two similar plants, each with
variegated (green and white) leaves and 0.04% of carbon dioxide were set up as shown in
Fig. 2.1.

(a) Identify the following from fig. 2.1.

(i) Control group …………………………………………………………………………………

Explanation ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….. [2]

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(ii) Experimental group …………………………………………………………………………

Explanation …………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………...………………………………………………………………….. [2]

(b) Name the independent variable in the investigation above.

………………………………...…………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(c) State two constant variables in the investigation above.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………...………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

Working Safely in the Laboratory

1. Fig. 12.2 shows different safety symbols found in bottles of laboratory chemicals.

Identify the symbols by their names.

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2. A student below is heating liquid X using a water bath method. Study the diagram and
answer the following questions.

(a) State at least one safety guideline practiced by the student on the diagram above.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(b) Apart from water bath method, State at least one safety technique applied by the student
on the diagram above.

…………………….………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) Give one possible explanation why water bath method was used when heating the liquid
inside the test tube as illustrated by the diagram above.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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1.2-Measurements

Scalars and Vectors

1. Fig. 4.1 shows two vectors acting on a car.

(a) (i) Calculate the resultant of vectors acting on the car on fig. 4.1.

resultant vector ………………… [2]

(ii) Apart from force, name any two physical quantities that are classified as vectors.

1. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………..………. [2]

(b) What is a scalar quantity?

……………………...……………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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2. Below is the diagram of oxen pulling a cart in the direction shown, use it to answer question
2.

(a) Calculate the resultant vector of all forces pushing the cart forward.

………………………………………… [2]

(b) Calculate the resultant vector of all forces acting on the cart.

……………………………………… [2]
(c) Differentiate between a scalar and vector quantity.

Scalar Vector

[2]

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Measuring Length, Measuring Area

1. The diagram below shows an instrument used to measure length of a book. Use it to answer
the following questions.

(a) State the value of the length of the book in millimetres (mm).

……………………….mm [2]

(b) What is the value of the smallest division on the instrument above?

……………………….cm [1]
2. Figs. 1.1 and 1.2 show the dimensions of a rectangular block being measured using a
ruler. They are not shown full size.

(a) Use the scales shown to find the length and the width of the block, giving your answers
in cm.

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(i) Calculate the area of the rectangular block.

……………………………….. [2]
(ii) Convert the length of the block into meters.

………………………………. [1]
(b) State two sources of error when measuring length.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

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3. Calculate the area of the irregular shape below. (show your working)

1 square= 2cm²

Area=……………… cm²

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Measuring Volume, Measuring Mass, Density

1. A measuring cylinder contains water as shown in Fig. 7.2. The boiling tube is then placed in
the measuring cylinder as shown in Fig. 7.3.

(i) Determine the volume V of glass used to make the boiling tube.

V = ................................................... cm3 [1]

(ii) The mass of the boiling tube is 33.5 g.

Calculate the density D of the glass used to make the boiling tube.

D = ............................................... g / cm3 [2]

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2. Fig. 1.3 shows the reading when the block is placed on a balance.

(a) Find the mass of the block.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(b) State two sources of error when measuring mass.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(c) State the SI unit for mass.

……………………..……………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

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3. Student records the mass and volume of two irregular sinking objects, one made of iron and
the other of copper. The student uses the equipment shown in Fig. 1.1.

Table 1.1 shows the results obtained.

(a) State the steps on how to determine the volume of an irregular sinking object with the
measuring cylinder.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

…………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………..………………….. [5]

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(b) Calculate the density of iron.

density = ......................................................... [2]

(c) A third object, which is also made of copper, has the same volume as the iron object.

Calculate the mass of this copper object.

mass = ......................................................... [2]

(d) State what happens to the density of the iron object when it is heated.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

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4. You are given the following instruments to measure the volume of a floater.

(a) With the aid of diagram, write the steps followed to determine the volume of a floater.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………….……………………………………………………………………………….. [5]

(b) State three precautions to follow when using a measuring cylinder.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]

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5. Fig. 3.1(a) shows a measuring cylinder, containing some water, on a balance.

Fig. 3.1(b) shows the same arrangement with a stone added to the water.

(a) Calculate the mass of the stone.

………………... [1]

(b) The volume of the stone is 25 cm³, calculate the density of the stone.

……………………. [3]

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6. The diagram below shows instrument X used to measure the density of a liquid.

(a) Name instrument X.

…………………………………………………………………………………………….………… [1]

(b) What is the density of the liquid?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(c) Define the following terms.

(i) Mass ………………………………………………………………………………….………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. [1]

(ii) Volume ………………………………………………………………………………………...

………………………...…………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

(iii) Density …………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………..……………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

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Measuring Temperature
1. Fig. 11.1 shows a mercury-in-glass thermometer, calibrated in °C.

(a) (i) What temperature reading for the above thermometer.

........................... °C[1]
(ii) Covert the temperature reading above to the following units:

Fahrenheit

……… °F [2]
Kelvin scale

…….. K [1]

(b) State two features visible on Fig. 11.1 that proves that the thermometer can be used to
measure a wider range of temperatures.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………...………………………………………………………………. [2]

(c) Name two features of a clinical thermometer that makes it to be more sensitive than a
laboratory thermometer.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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2. The diagrams below show two laboratory mercury thermometers A and B.

Use them to answer question 2.

(a) State the difference between the thermometers.

…...………………………………………………………….…………………………………………… [1]

(b) Which of the thermometers can be used to measure a wider range of temperatures?

…...………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(i) Explain your answer in (b)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………...………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(c) The reading on thermometer A is 27°F.

What will be the reading in the Kelvin scale?

......................................K [3]

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Measuring Time
1. Fig.1.1 shows a clock used to measure time interval between two trains.

A student uses the clock to time the intervals between trains travelling along the railway past his
school.

 He sets the clock to zero (both hands vertical).

 As train 1 passes, he starts the clock and

leaves it running.

 After 35 s, train 2 passes.

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(a) On the blank face of Fig. 1.2, show the positions of the two hands of the clock as train 2
passes. Make sure it is clear which hand is which. [2]

(b) Train 3 passes the school 4 minutes and 55 s after the clock
was started.

On the blank face of Fig. 1.3, show the positions of the hands
of the clock as train 3
passes. [2]

Fig. 1.3

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2. A worker on the production line in a factory is making brackets. An inspector times the
Worker whilst he makes 5 brackets. To start, the stopwatch is set to zero.
After 5 brackets have been made, the stopwatch is as shown in Fig. 1.1.

(a) State the reading on the stopwatch.

Reading =.......................... s [1]

(b) Calculate the time taken to make 1 bracket.

Time taken =.......................... s [2]

(c) State the SI unit for time.

………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(d) State two sources of error when measuring time.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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UNIT 2.0: PLANTS, ANIMALS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

2.1- Living Matter

Classification of Living Things

1. The list gives the names of eight members of the cat family. The common or English name
is followed by the binomial name.

Bobcat – Lynx rufus Cheetah – Acinonyx jubatus Jaguar – Panthera onca

European lynx – Lynx lynx Leopard – Panthera pardus
Lion – Panthera leo Iberian lynx – Lynx pardinus Tiger – Panthera tigris

(i) State the common or English names of two members of the same genus.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………...…………………………………………………. [2]

(ii) Name the genus that has only one species.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

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2. Fig. 1.1 shows five types of bird that are unable to fly.

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Use the key to identify each of the birds shown in Fig. 1.1.

Write the name of each bird in the correct box in Table 1.1

(b) Define the term Taxonomy.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………...……. [1]

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Plant and Animal Cells

1. Fig. 4.1 shows a typical animal cell and a typical plant cell.

(a) Identify cell A and cell B as either a plant cell or animal cell.

Cell A ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Cell B …………………………………………………………………………………………..……….. [2]

(b) (i) Name the parts of the cells labelled A and B.

A………………………………………………………………..

B……………………………………………………………….. [2]

(ii) Label on the diagram, with a letter C, another structure that occurs in both cells. [1]

(iii) Label with letter D and E two structures that occur in a plant cell only. [2]

(c) State the functions of the following structures.

Chloroplast …………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

Cell membrane …………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………..……………………………………………………. [1]

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Cell Specialisation
1. Fig. 1.1 shows two cells.

(a) State where, in a human a cell would the white blood cell normally be found.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(i) State one structure of the white blood cell that help it carry its function.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(b) State where, in a plant, a palisade cell would be found.

…...……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(i) State one structural function of the palisade cell.

…..……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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2. Fig. 9.1 represents a human sperm cell and plant cell Z.

(a) Name cell Z.

……..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

(b) (i) Name the part labelled X.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. [1]

(ii) State the function of part X.

……...……………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(c) State the importance of the structure of the sperm cell to its function.

……………………...……………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(d) State one structural difference between a sperm cell and red blood cell.

………………………………...…………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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3. (a) Fig. 6.1 shows a section through a root hair cell.

(a) Name two structures present in this cell that are not present in a red blood cell.

1.......................................................................................................................................................

2.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) Name one structure present in a normal plant cell that is not present in a root hair cell.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) (i) State one functions of a root hair cell.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) Explain how the shape of the root hair cell helps the cell to perform these functions.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

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2.2-Energy Flow in Living Things

Leaf Structure
1. Fig. 4.1 shows a section through a leaf.

Fig. 4.1

(a) On Fig. 4.1, label a stoma, the cuticle and a vascular bundle.

(b) (i) The upper layers of a leaf are transparent. Suggest an advantage to a plant of this
feature.
……………………………………………………………………….………………………………………

…………………………………………………………...………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) The cuticle is made of a waxy material. Suggest an advantage to a plant of this feature.

………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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(c) State two functions of vascular bundles in leaves.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(d) Discuss the role of guard cells in controlling the loss of water through the leaf.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]

(e) Explain the role of palisade mesophyll in helping the leaf to adapt to its function.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

Photosynthesis
1. Most photosynthesis in plants happens in the leaves.

(a) Name two raw materials needed for photosynthesis.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(b) Photosynthesis produces oxygen gas.

Describe how animals make use of the oxygen gas.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]

(c) Complete the word equation below.

Glucose + ………………………….. Carbon dioxide + water + ………………… [2]

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2. (a) An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of changing light intensity on the
rate of photosynthesis. The apparatus is shown in Fig. 2.1.

The light intensity at the plant is changed by changing the distance between the lamp and the
plant.

The rate of photosynthesis is measured by counting the number of bubbles produced by the
pondweed in five minutes.

The lamp started at a distance of 100cm and ended at a distance of 20 cm away from the palnt.

Record of observations

Table 2.1

lamp distance rate of bubbles

100 cm Low
20 cm High

(i) Suggest one condition that should be kept constant in this experiment.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(ii) On the axes below, sketch a curve to show the results expected from this experiment.

(b) Write the conclusion about the effect of light on the rate of photosynthesis.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) Name the gas produced.

………...…………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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3. An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of carbon dioxide on the rate of
photosynthesis. The apparatus is shown in Fig. 2.1.

(a) (i) Which variable should be kept constant in the experiment shown above?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) Explain how the conditions in Jar L make it a control.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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(b) At the end of the experiment, a leaf was taken from each plant and tested for the presence
of starch.
(i) On the outlines in Fig. 2.2, clearly label the colours of each leaf after the starch test. Do
not colour in the leaves.

When the air was first trapped under the jars, it contained 0.04% carbon dioxide. For each of the
jars, explain why this percentage has changed by the end of the experiment.

Jar L................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

Jar M................................................................................................................................................

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

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4. The diagram below shows steps followed when carrying out a certain test on a green leaf.
Use it to answer question 4.

(a) Boiling the leaf in water in step 1.

………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….. [1]

(b) Boiling the leaf in alcohol in step 2.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….………..… [1]

(c) Switching off the Bunsen burner in step 2.

………..………………………………………………………………………….……………………… [1]

(d) State the results for a positive test in step 4.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………... [1]

(e) Explain the results obtained in (d).

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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Respiration
1. (a) Define the term Respiration.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………...……………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(b) Compete table 1.1 by putting a tick on the box with description of respiration and
breathing.

Table 1.1

description respiration breathing

1. chemical process taking place in the mitochondria
2. takes place in both plants and animals
3. carbon dioxide is released
4. carbon dioxide is taken out
5. physical process taking place in the lungs
6. oxygen is taken in
7. oxygen is used up

2. Complete the following table by filling in the blank spaces using the following words.

absorbed released day night all the time mitochondria chloroplast

Process photosynthesis respiration

When does it take place?
Energy absorbed or released?
Carbon dioxide absorbed or released?
Oxygen absorbed or released?
Where does it take place?

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3. The diagram below shows two processes taking place in green plants and in both plants and
animals. Use the diagram to answer the following questions.

(a) Identify the following:

Substance X ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Gas Y ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Gas Z …………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]

(b) Name the two processes.

Process A …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Process B ……………………….…………………………………………………………………….. [2]

(c) Complete the word equation for Respiration.

Glucose + ………………………….. Water + carbon dioxide + ……………………… [2]

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Transport of Food, Water and Nutrients in Plants.

1. Pieces of blue cobalt chloride paper are placed on the upper and lower surfaces of a plant
leaf.
They are held in place by glass slides as shown in Fig. 5.1.

The plant is watered normally.

Cobalt chloride paper is blue when dry and pink when it absorbs water.

(a) Complete the table to show the colour of each piece of cobalt chloride paper after one hour.

(b) (i) Name the process by which water is lost from the leaf.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….. [1]

(ii) State two ways in which the upper surface of a leaf differs from the lower surface causing a
difference in the rate of water loss.

1……………….................................................................................................................................

2……………….............................................................................................................................[2]

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(c) Name the cells through which most water enters a plant and also the process involved.

Name of cells..................................................................................................................................

Process....................................................................................................................................... [2]

2. The set-ups below are used to investigate a factor that affects transpiration.

(a) State the factor that is being investigated.

……………………………………..…………………………………………………………………….. [1]

(b) After a period of time it was observed that the bubble in set-up B has moved further up than
the one in set-up A.
Explain the observation

……………….………………………………………………………………………………………………

……….………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……….………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………..………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [3]

(c) Give a reason why the twigs used in the set-ups should be identical.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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Nutrient Cycles
1. (a) Fig. 11.1 shows the carbon cycle.

(i) Name the processes that cause the changes shown by the arrows.

A……………………………………………………………..

B……………………………………………………………..

C………………………………………………………………

D……………………………………………………………… [4]

(ii) Name one type of organism that brings about decomposition.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) Over the last few decades, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has been
rising.
(i) State one human activity that may have contributed to this.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) Name one environmental impact the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide may have on the
climate.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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2. Fig. 9.1 shows part of a nitrogen cycle.

(a) Name the processes A and B shown in Fig.9.1.

A…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

B…………………………………………………..…………………………………………………. [2]

(b) Fig.9.1 shows that legumes have root nodules.

Explain why these root nodules are important in the nitrogen cycle.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(c) On fig.9.1 draw an arrow and label to show the process by which animals gets their
nitrogen. [2]

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2.3-Managing Natural Resources

1. Below is a picture of some natural resources found in the wetlands of Botswana, use it to
answer questions that follow.

(a) What is a natural resource?

…………………………………………………………………………………………..……………….. [1]

(b) Name two natural resources shown in the diagram.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(c) What are non-renewable resources?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(d) State two examples of renewable resources.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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(e) State two importance of conserving natural resources.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

(f) Discuss one importance of recycling on conservation of natural resources.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….. [3]

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UNIT 3.0: MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

3.1 – The Nature of Matter

Understanding Matter

1. (a) Define the term Matter.

……………..…………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

(b) Explain the kinetic theory of matter.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

2. Fig. 7.1 shows a structure of an atom. Use it to answer questions that follow.

(a) Name two particles of an atom which make up the nucleus.

1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………. [2]

(b) State the charge of an electron.

……………………...……………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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(c) The above atom has two electrons orbiting around the shell.

(i) How many protons does it have?

…………………...………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) Explain your answer in (c) (i).

………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

3. (a) A syringe is used to investigate a certain property of matter in gases, as shown in Fig.
1.3.

(i) Which property of matter is investigated above?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) The piston of the syringe is pushed in. State the observation.

………………………………………………………………...…………………………………………. [1]

(iii) In terms of particle arrangement, explain your answer to (a)(ii).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………...……………………………………. [2]

(b) The gas is now replaced with a liquid.

(i) The piston of the syringe is pushed in. State the observation.

……………...……………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) Explain the cause of the difference between observation made at (a) (ii) and (b) (i).

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………..………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

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4. The set-up below is used to investigate a property of matter in solids. Use it to answer the
following questions.

(a) Which property of matter is investigated above?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………...……. [1]

(b) In terms of particles arrangement explain the observation made after heating the ball.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…..………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(c) In terms of molecular attraction forces and particle arrangement explain why gases expand
more than solids.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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Changes of State of Matter

1. (a) Here is a list of descriptions of molecules in matter.

In the columns alongside the descriptions, put ticks next to those which apply to the molecules
in

(i) a solid,

(ii) a gas.

(b) State two changes that usually happen to the molecules of a solid when the solid is heated.

1…………........................................................................................................................................

2……………................................................................................................................................ [2]

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2. The states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.

The diagram below shows how the molecules are arranged in these three states.

(a) State the name given to the change of state labelled

(i) A..................................................................................................................................................

(ii) B.................................................................................................................................................

(iii) C........................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) Explain why heat is needed for matter to change state from solid to liquid?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

(c) Name change of state of matter from solid to gas.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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Diffusion

1. The set-up below is used to investigate diffusion in gases. Use it to answer questions that
follow.

(a) Describe what happens after the slip between gas jar A and B was removed.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. [2]

(b) (i) Which state of matter is diffusion fast?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(iii) Explain why? ………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) Define the term Diffusion.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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2. Complete the table below about diffusion in plants and animals.

Diffusion in Plants/ Animals Application of diffusion

absorption of water and mineral ions from the soil
animals
gaseous exchange in the lungs
plants

The Science of Water

1. The diagram below shows a molecule of water.

(a) State the constituents of water.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) State the chemical symbol for water.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) Describe the test for water.

Description …………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

Positive test/ result ……………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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2. A pin is made of a material which is dense than water. During a science practical you have
noticed that though a pin is dense than water if placed carefully on the surface of the water it
will float.
(a) Which property of matter allows this to happen?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) State two other properties of water.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

3. Unlike other liquids, water when cooled at temperatures below 4°C it starts to expand.
(a) Explain in terms of particle re-arrangement of water how this happens.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

(b) Explain the significance of this anomalous expansion of water to the following:

(i) Survival of marine life …………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) Formation of soil …………………………………………………………………………………..

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

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3.2-Acids and Bases

Properties of Acids, Bases and Alkalis

1. (a) Classify the following under acids, bases or neutral.

soap, vinegar, table salt, lemon, sour milk, tooth paste

ACID BASE NEUTRAL

[6]

(b) Complete the table below about acids, base and alkalis.

Put a tick in the appropriate box.

Property Acid Base Alkali

a substance that releases hydroxyl ions
has a bitter taste
reacts with metals to give out hydrogen gas
neutralise a base to form salt and water
has pH 14
has pH less than 7
Some chemicals are soluble some are insoluble in water

(c) All alkalis are bases but not all bases are alkalis. Using examples, explain the meaning of
this statement.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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2. (a) Complete the table below by describing the effect of the following chemicals on a litmus
paper.

Chemical blue litmus paper red litmus paper

acid
Alkali
neutral

3. The table below shows the pH values of five substances. Use it to answer question (3).

Substance P Q R S T
pH value 5 7 13 9 1

(a) Which of the substances P, Q, R, S or T

(i) Is a weak acid?

…………………………………………………………………………………….…………………… [1]

(ii) Could be pure water?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
(b) What will be the color of a universal indicator liquid in substances S and T?

S …………………………….………………………………………………………………………………

T …………………………………..………………………………………………………………… [2]
(c) What is the advantage of using a universal indicator over a litmus paper.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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UNIT 4.0: SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

4.1- Human Growth and Development

The Reproductive System

1. (a) The male reproductive system is shown in Fig. 10.1.

State which letter shows the

structure which produces testosterone, .........................

gland which produces fluid to add to sperm, .........................

tube which transports both sperms and urine. .........................

structure which inserts sperms into the vagina…………………

sack which holds the testes …………………

structure where sperms are produced ………………... [6]

(b) State one male sex hormone.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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2. Fig. 7.1 shows the female reproductive system.

(a) On Fig. 3.1, label with

(i) T where ovule is produced; [1]

(ii) S where fertilisation normally takes place; [1]

(iii) U where implantation normally takes place; [1]

(iv) V where sperms are deposited during sexual intercourse. [1]

(b) State two female sex hormones.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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Physical Development and Puberty

1. Fig. 4.1 shows how the thickness of the lining of a woman’s uterus changes during her
menstrual cycle.

(a) (i) On Fig. 19.1, draw a circle round a day to show when menstruation begins. [1]

(ii) Use the information in Fig. 19.1 to suggest a day when sexual intercourse could result in the
formation of a zygote.

day .......................................................... [1]

(iii) Name the hormone responsible for maintaining the wall of the uterus during pregnancy.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

State two methods for both birth control and prevention of STIs.

1.......................................................................................................................................................

2................................................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Gonorrhoea is a disease spread during sexual intercourse.

(i) Describe one sign of gonorrhoea.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State the treatment for gonorrhoea.

................................................................................................................................................... [1]

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UNIT 5.0: FORCE, MOTION AND ENERGY

5.1- Energy Forms and Energy Changes

Energy Forms and Energy Sources

1. The diagram below shows formation of fossil fuels.

(a) Name three fossil fuels formed in this manner.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………...…………. [3]

(b) Explain how coal is formed?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………...………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(c) (i) State two disadvantages of relying on fossil fuels as a source of energy.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….. [1]

(ii) Name one alternative source of energy that can be used in Botswana instead of fossil fuels.

Alternative source of energy ……………………………….………………………………………… [1]

Explain why ………………………………………………………………………………………………...

………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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2. One type of renewable energy source is shown in Fig. 3.1.

(a) State the name of the renewable energy source shown in Fig. 3.1.

………………............................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) State what is meant by a renewable energy source.

…………………...............................................................................................................................

…………….................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Apart from it being renewable, state another advantage for harnessing the energy above.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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3. Wind energy is a renewable energy source. A wind turbine and generator convert energy in
the wind to electrical energy in a generator. Fig. 9.1 shows some wind turbines.

(a) (i) State what is meant by a renewable energy source.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State the name of one other renewable energy source.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Some methods of generating electricity cause much more global warming than wind energy.

1. State one method of generating electricity that causes a large amount of global warming.

…………….................................................................................................................................. [1]

2. Describe how the method you have chosen causes a significant amount of global warming.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

…………….................................................................................................................................. [3]

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Energy Changes
1. Fig. 6.1 shows a device used to generate electricity. Water entering at the top turns the
wheel. A generator connected to the wheel produces electric current.

(a) Complete the energy changes below.

………………………………………….. Kinetic Energy …………………………………...………. [2]

(b) Name the main source of energy above.

………………………………………………….………………………………………………………. [1]

(c) Explain why the source of energy above is sustainable than using coal.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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2. A piece of fruit is falling from a tree.

(a) The list below contains the names of some different forms of energy.

Put a tick in the box alongside four that are possessed by the falling fruit.

Chemical

Electrical

Gravitational (PE)

Internal (thermal)

Kinetic (KE)

Light

Sound

Strain

(b) Which form of energy increases as the fruit falls? ………................................................... [1]

(c) Which form of energy decreases as the fruit falls? ............................................................. [1]

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(d) Which form of energy is stored in the body of a person as a result of eating the fruit?

………………………………………………………….................................................................... [1]

3. A coal-fired power station produces electricity by burning coal. Fig. 9.1 shows the block
diagram of the power station.

(a) Each of the boxes should contain one of the three labels turbine, generator or boiler.

(iii) Label the boxes. [3]

(b) Complete the useful energy changes that occur in each box of the block diagram.

Chemical PE ……………………………………………. Electrical Energy [1]

(c) Burning coal can cause environmental problems in the area around the power station.

(i) State one of these problems.

………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) Explain the long time effect of the problem you mentioned above.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(d) Coal is a non-renewable source of energy.

(i) Explain what is meant by non-renewable.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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5.2 – Sound Energy

The Sounds we Hear.

1. (a) Describe how sound travels through air.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) Thapelo uses the set-up below to produce sound. He pushes the metal plate down at point X
and then releases it. When the metal plate is released, it vibrates and produces sound.

(i) What changes can be made to the set- up so that it produces sound of a higher pitch?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………...……………. [1]

(ii) What is the relationship between frequency of vibrations and pitch of sound?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) A boy placed his foot on a metal a metal bar of a railway track and felt some vibrations. The
vibrations were caused by an oncoming train which was out of view. He could also not hear the
sound.

Explain these observations in terms of particle arrangement.

………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………..……………………………………….. [2]

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How Sound Moves.

1. Fig. 1.1 is a full-scale diagram that represents a sound wave of frequency 5.1 kHz in air.

(a) On Fig. 5.1, mark the position of one compression with the letter C and of one rarefaction
with the letter R. [2]

(b) A sound wave is longitudinal. Describe how a longitudinal wave differs from a transverse
wave.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) Define the term wavelength.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….. [1]

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2. A sound wave is represented by Fig. 8.1.

(a) On Fig. 8.1, show clearly the wavelength of the wave. [1]

(b) On Fig. 8.1, draw a second wave which has half the amplitude of the original wave, but the
same frequency. [2]

(c) Does the wave that you have drawn represent a louder sound or a quieter sound than the
original wave? Explain your answer.

……….………............................................................................................................................ [1]

Explain ………………................................................................................................................ [1]

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3. Figure 7 shows the traces produced on an oscilloscope by two sound waves, A and B.

The oscilloscope settings are the same for each trace.

(a) Which of the two sound waves will produce a loud sound? …………………………………. [1]

Explain …………………..……………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) Which of the two sound waves will produce a high pitched sound? ………………………… [1]

Explain ……………………………………………………………………………………….…………. [1]

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How we Hear.
1. Diagram below shows parts of the ear, use it to answer the following questions.

(a) Label the following parts:

A ……………………………………………………..

B …………………………………………………….

C ……………………………………………………. [3]

(b) What is the function of the cochlea in the human ear?

…………………………………………………………...……………………………………………… [1]

(c) Name any two ear defects.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

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UNIT 6.0: HEALTH AND SAFETY

6.1 – Personal Hygiene

Caring for Teeth.

1. Fig. 3.2 shows a section through a tooth.

(a) State the letter which represents the named part of tooth.

Enamel ………………………….

Dentine …………………………. [2]

(b) What is the function of the pulp cavity?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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2. (a) Fig. 5.1 shows the arrangement of teeth in the lower jaw of an adult person.

Identify the types of teeth labelled B and C and state one function of each.

type B ..........................................

function....................................................................................................................................... [2]

type C ..........................................

function....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Explain how the shape of the canine helps it to carry its function.

Shape ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Function ………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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3. The diagram below shows corrosion on a tooth causing formation of cavity. Use it to answer
questions that follow.

(a) Describe how dental decay is caused.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]

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(a) Figure 7.5 below shows a person brushing his teeth using tooth brush with tooth paste.

(i) Explain why it is important to use toothpaste with tooth brush to clean our teeth than to
use water only.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………….…………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(ii) Apart from regular brushing your teeth, suggest two ways that reduces dental decay.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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6.2-Communicable Diseases

Infectious Diseases.
1. (a) Match the following communicable diseases to their causative agents. One has been
done for you.

[3]

(b) State one difference between communicable disease and Non communicable disease.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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Preventing Infections
1. (a) the diagram below shows a life cycle of a house fly.

(i) Label stage A and B.

A…………………………………….

B……………………………………. [2]

(b) House fly is a vector for a certain human disease.

(i) Name the disease.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(ii) Define the term vector.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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(c) During the year 1999 there was an outbreak of malaria in Chobe region. The region is a
tourist attraction area due to abundance of water and wild animals.

(i) Name the organism that carries protozoa-causing malaria.

…………………………………...………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) Which environmental condition within the above mentioned region favours the breeding
of the organism you named above?

………………………...…………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(iii) Suggest two ways of controlling malaria.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………...……………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

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Food Poisoning
1. The graph below shows the results of an investigation on one of the conditions which affect
bacterial growth.

(a) (i) Which condition is investigated above?

…………………………………………………………………………………………..……………….. [1]

(ii) From the graph, what is the optimal temperature for bacterial growth?

………………………...…………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(b) The graph shows a drop in bacterial growth between 50-70°C.

Explain why…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………...………. [1]

(c) State any other two conditions which promote bacterial growth.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(d) State one way of preventing food poisoning.

………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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6.3-Nutrition

Digestion
1. Fig. 3.1 shows the digestive system.

(a) Use the letters from Fig. 3.1 to identify one place where each process occurs.

(i) Salivary amylase is secreted

Letter…………………………… [1]

(ii) Lipase is secreted

Letter…………………………… [1]

(iii) Pepsin is secreted

Letter…………………………… [1]

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(iv) Bile is formed

Letter…………………………… [1]

(v) Hydrochloric acid is released

Letter…………………………… [1]

2. Table 6.1 gives some details of the digestion of food. Complete Table 6.1.

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3. Fig. 1.1 shows some food as it moves along the oesophagus.

(a) Name part X.

……………………...……………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(b) Describe the process shown above.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………...……………………………………………………………………………. [2]

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4. Fig. 3.1 shows some of the main regions of the alimentary canal in a person.

(c) State the name of region C.

.......................................... [1]

(b) (i) Name the food digested in the stomach.

……………...……………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) State the function of the acid secreted in the stomach.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) Suggest why a person whose bile and pancreatic duct is blocked may find it difficult to gain
weight despite eating a balanced diet.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

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5. Fig. 6.1 shows a structure found in part of the alimentary canal.

(a) Name the structure shown in Fig. 6.1 and state the part of the alimentary canal in which it is
found.

name of structure ............................................................................................................................

location in alimentary canal ....................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Explain one way in which this structure is adapted to enable it to carry out its function.

.........................................................................................................................................................

…………………………………………………………………………………………..……………….. [2]

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6. Fig. 2.1 shows two test-tubes, A and B, both containing water.

Each test-tube also contains a length of partially permeable Visking tubing that has been sealed
at both ends.

The Visking tube in A contains a suspension of starch.

The Visking tube in B contains a suspension of starch and saliva.

The apparatus was left for twenty-four hours.

After that time, samples of water from each test-tube and samples of solution from each

Visking tube was tested for starch and reducing sugar.

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Describe, giving practical details, how you would carry out a test for starch and a test for
reducing sugar. State the positive result for each test.

starch test .......................................................................................................................................

positive result ..............................................................................................................................[1]

reducing sugar test .........................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

positive result ..............................................................................................................................[3]

(b) Complete Table 2.1, by predicting the results that you would expect from the experiment
shown in Fig. 2.1.

(c) Explain your predictions for

(i) the solution in the Visking tube in B;

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [3]

(ii) the water in test-tube B.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [3]

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6.4-Drugs

Drug Use
1. Alcohol is described as a depressant and an addictive drug that can damage the body.

(a) State what is meant by each of the following terms.

Depressant......................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

Addictive.........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) State two long term effects that alcohol might have on the body.

1......................................................................................................................................................

2.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Suggest how alcohol might affect the performance of a car driver.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

2. The drug heroin is commonly abused.

(a) Define drug abuse.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..………. [1]

(b) State two signs that will tell if a person is addicted to heroin.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

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(c) Heroin can be heated and the fumes inhaled or heroin can be injected into the blood.

(a) Describe a major health risk with each of these ways of taking the drug.

(i) Inhaling the fumes.......................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

(ii) Injecting into the blood................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

3. (a) Define the term drug.

.........................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Fig. 4.1 shows some of the organs of a person that can be affected by the use of drugs.

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Complete Table 4.1 by naming organs D and E and by giving one effect of each drug on the
named organ.

(c) (i) Name two toxic components of tobacco smoke.

1...........................................................

2........................................................... [2]

(ii) State the likely effect on her baby if a mother smokes tobacco throughout pregnancy.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

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UNIT 7.0: THE HUMAN BODY

7.1 – Transporting Substances in the Human Body

Blood
1. Fig. 11.1 below shows a blood smear seen under a microscope.

1. Name A and B.

A……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

B…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

(a) State the function of red blood cells.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State two structural adaptations of human red blood cells that help them to carry out their
function.

1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

(c) Explain how one of the adaptations you stated in (b)(i) helps the cell to function.

……………………………………….………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………..……..……………………………………………… [1]

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The Heart and Circulatory Problems

1. Fig. 8.1 shows a diagram of a section through the heart.

(a) State which letter shows the

structure which carries oxygenated blood to the heart …………..

structure which carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart …………..

structure which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart …………..

structure which carries deoxygenated blood to the heart …………… [4]

(b) On Fig. 8.1 shade in the chambers that contain deoxygenated blood. [1]

(c) Explain why the wall around chamber Z needs to be thicker than that around chamber Y.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..………. [2]

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(c) The four valves in the heart are labelled E, F, G and H.

What is the state of the valves when blood leaves the heart through the arteries?

Tick the appropriate box.

E and F closes, G and H opens

G and F closes, E and F opens

E and G opens, F and H closes

F and H opens, E and G closes [1]

2. Fig. 9.1 is a flowchart to show the circulation of blood in the body.

(a) Complete the paragraph using words or phrases from the list.
You may use each word or phrase once, more than once, or not at all.

The blood leaves the …………………………………….. ventricle of the heart to go through blood

vessel P, which is the …………………………………… It then goes to the lungs. There are

……………………………….. in the heart to make sure there is a one way flow of blood.

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The composition of blood changes as it flows through the tissues of the small intestine.

(b) State one substance that leaves the blood as it flows through the tissues of the small
intestine.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) State two substances that enter the blood as it flows through the tissues of the small
intestine.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]

3. Fig. 4.2 shows cross sections of an artery and a vein. The diagrams are not drawn to the
same scale.

(a) State which diagram shows an artery? Explain your answer.

diagram............................................................................................................................................

explanation …………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(b) Explain one structural adaptation of the capillaries to its function.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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4. The diagram shows the human heart.

The blood vessel labelled F may become narrowed as shown.

(a) (i) Name blood vessel F.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Name the disease caused by the narrowing of this blood vessel.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) State three factors that may lead to the narrowing of this blood vessel.

1.......................................................................................................................................................

2......................................................................................................................................................

3.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

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(b) It is possible to treat the disease caused by the narrowing of blood vessel F, by carrying out
an operation.

In the operation:

• a balloon surrounded by a metal mesh is inserted into the blood vessel and inflated,

• the balloon is then deflated and removed, leaving the metal mesh in place.

Suggest the purpose of leaving the metal mesh in the blood vessel.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

(c) Suggest another way of preventing coronary heart diseases.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..………….. [1]

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5. The diagram below shows a certain type of blood vessel.

(a) Name the type of blood vessel.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) What is likely to happen to the blood pressure and the rate of blood flow as a result of the fat
deposit?

Blood pressure:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

Rate of blood flow:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

Explain your answer

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………. [2]

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Breathing
1. Fig. 4.1 shows the positions of some of the parts of a person’s breathing system, just as
they have finished breathing out.

(a) Name part labelled A and B.

A……………………………………………………

B…………………………………………………… [2]

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(b) Complete the table below by describing changes that occur when a person breathes in and
out.

[3]

2. The diagram below illustrates gaseous and material exchange in the human body. Use it to
answer question 2.

(a) During gaseous exchange, gas X leaves the blood vessel and enters the alveolus.

(i) Name gas X.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(iii) State the process through which gas X enters the alveolus from the blood vessel.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(iv) Name the organ where the alveolus found.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) Substance V and gas Y combine to release energy in the body cells.

(i) Identify substance V.

………………………………………………………..………………………………………………….. [1]

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3. (a) Compare the composition of expired (exhaled) air to inspired (inhaled) air.

Write your answers in Table 11.1.

(b) The volume of air inspired by a student was measured before and after a long-distance race.

The results are shown in Table 11.2.

(i) Calculate the difference in the volume of air inspired in one minute by the student before the
race and after the race.

volume = .................................................. dm3 [1]

(ii) State another way in which the student’s breathing changes from before the race to after the
race.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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4. The graph below shows the relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked and the
risk of developing lung cancer. Use it to answer question 4.

(a) From the graph what is the percentage risk of developing lung cancer for people who
smokes 30 cigarettes per day.

…………. % [1]

(b) What conclusion can be made from the graph.

…………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………

…………………………………………………...………………..…………………………………….. [2]

(c) Name the substance in cigarette smoke that damages the lungs.

………………………………………………………………………………………...…………………. [1]

(d) Name any other respiratory disease.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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7.2-Excretion

1. Fig. 4.1 shows a part of the excretory system in humans.

(a) Name organ A of the excretory system.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. [1]

(b) Which chemical waste product is excreted from the blood at organ A.

…………...………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(c) State the function of the ureter.

……………………………………...……………………………………………………………………. [1]

(d) Distinguish between excretion and egestion.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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(e) (i) Name one waste product found in the blood going to the heart.

…………………...………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) Where will the waste product named above excreted?

……...……………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(f) List two common problems of the excretory system.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………...…………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

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UNIT 8.0: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

8.1-Electrical Energy

Magnetism
1. The diagram below shows one of the methods that can be used to magnetise a piece of an
iron bar. Use it to answer question 1.

(a) Name the method used in the diagram above to magnetise the iron bar.

……………………………………………………………………………………………...……………. [1]

(b) What pole would be inducted at end B on the iron bar?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(i) What type of magnet would be formed?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….... [1]

(ii) Explain your answer in (c) (i).

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) Name another method that can be used to magnetise the iron bar.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

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2. The diagram below shows a machine used to lift a load. Use it to answer question 2.

(a) What method of magnetization is used in the machine shown?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) The machine can lift a maximum load of 5000 N.

(i) Suggest two ways in which the machine can be improved to make it lift a heavier load.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………….………….. [2]

(c) Diagram below shows stored magnets.

(i) Which of the diagrams below shows the correct way of storing magnets?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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(ii) Give a reason for your answer to (c) (i) above.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

3. The diagram below shows two steel pins and two iron pins attracted by a permanent
magnet. One end of the steel pin is labelled Q.

(a) Which magnetic pole is formed at end Q?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(b) Why do the steel pins repel the iron pins?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]

(c) The magnet is detached from the steel pins.

(i) What observations will be made from the steel pins?

……………………………………………...……………………………………………………………. [1]

(ii) Explain your answer to (c) (i).

…………………………………...………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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Electric Charge
1. A student holds a polythene rod in one hand and a dry cotton cloth in the other.

(a) How can the student cause the rod to become charged with static electricity?

…………..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The charged polythene rod is brought close to another charged polythene rod that has been
suspended from a nylon thread, as shown in Fig. 7.2.

(i) What is seen to happen to the suspended rod?

…………..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why this happens.

…………….................................................................................................................................. [1]

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2. Two light conducting balls A and B are hanging side by side, as shown in Fig. 8.1.

(a) A and B are given a series of different charges, as indicated in the table below.
In the third column of the table, write what is seen to happen in each case.
Use the words repulsion or attraction or nothing, as appropriate.

(b) What is static electricity?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

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Effects of Electricity
1. Fig. 7.1 shows one way to demonstrate an electrical effect.

As the wire is moved downwards between the magnetic poles, the needle of the ammeter
deflects to the right.

(a) State the name of this electrical effect.

.................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State one application for the effect of electricity above.

………………...…………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]

(c) State other two effects of electricity.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………..……………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]

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Electrical Power Consumption

1. The diagram below shows an electric kettle with the body made of metal. The kettle is filled
with water. Use it to answer question 1.
Power rating: 2500 W

(a) What effect of electricity applied by the kettle to the water?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]

The cost of 1 unit of electrical energy (1 kWh) is P0. 60.

(b) Calculate the cost of using the kettle for 15 hours.

Cost= …………………………………………… [3]

2. A microwave oven is rated at 650 W and is connected to a 230 V mains supply.

(a) Calculate the current from the supply when the microwave oven is switched on.

current = .................................................. [2]

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(b) Suggest a rating of the fuse for use with this oven.

fuse rating = .................................................. [1]

Safe use of Electricity in the Home

1. The inside of an electrical plug is shown in Fig. 9.1.

(a) State the name of lead

A …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

B …………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. [2]

(a) Explain why the fuse is always connected to the live lead.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………...…………………………………………………………. [2]

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(c) (i) When plugged into a socket, the power produced in the hairdryer is 700 W. The hairdryer
is used for 60 minutes.

If unit cost for electricity is P0.60, calculate the cost of electricity.

Cost: P …………….... [2]

2. The electrical equipment is protected by a fuse inside the plug.

(a) The switch and the fuse are in the live lead to the heating element, as shown in Fig. 17.4.

(i) Explain why a fuse is needed.

.........................................................................................................................................................

………......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Explain why the switch is placed in the live lead.

………..............................................................................................................................................

………......................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(b) Some electrical appliances have only a live wire and a neutral wire.

A label on these appliances has the symbol for double insulation, as shown in Fig. 17.5.

State a reason why these appliances do not need an earth wire.

.........................................................................................................................................................

…................................................................................................................................................ [1]

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UNIT 9.0: THE SOLAR SYSTEM

9.1-Earth Systems

Earth Spheres
1. The diagram below show three layers of the atmosphere.

(a) Name layer Y.

………………………………………………..………………………………………………………….. [1]

(b) State one feature in the atmosphere and explain its effect on the following spheres:

(i) Biosphere

feature……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

effect…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. [2]

(ii) Hydrosphere

feature……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

effect…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]

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(c) State two features of the lithosphere.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..………. [2]

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