ure 2 eighth notes = 1 quarter note A single eighth note has a flag. Two (or more) eighth notes are connected by a beam. beam — Ne 2 J : run- ning — walk ‘Think of quarter notes as walking notes and eighth (8th) notes as running notes. Counting Eighth Notes For rhythms with eighth notes, each beat is divided into two equal parts. In the rhythms below, each eighth note receives one-half beat. Count the eighth note between the beats using the word “and” (written as “+”). 1 and 2 and © Tap (or clap) the rhythms below while counting aloud. Z + Bey © Then choose any key on the piano and play each rhythm, counting aloud. OPPPr Pir | LISD Sl P+2+4+3 4 P+2+ 3+ +243 4+ P42 4 3 2 Say: “One and two and three and” Notice four eighth notes are often beamed together. PPPPRR Pe ee ! T+ 243444 14243444 %1+243444+ Lt2t3e4e DISC@vERY 7 A Clap each rhythm with the metronome ticking at: J=72 J=88 J=104 64 FFIFrench Minuet Rhythm Check: Are your eighth notes flowing it dy, even rh ? Jean-Philippe Rameau gently, with a steady, even rhythm’ le Ramet arranged Count: 1 13/14 PUSC@EERY French Minuet uses what two intervals? and Circle all the 3rds in this piece. (Hint: There are 8.) Duet: (Student plays 1 octave higher)Crescendo and Diminuendo crescendo (cres¢.) ———$—___ i— means play gradually louder # Play and listen. (pronounced “kreh-SHEN-doh”). diminuendo (dim.) ——————— means play gradually softer © Play and listen. (pronounced “di-min-u-EN-doh”). pee ee This symbol ——=— is also called decrescendo (day-kreh-SHEN-doh). A phrase is a musical idea or thought. A phrase is often shown in the music with a long slur, also called a phrase mark. ‘Think of a phrase as a musical sentence, and each note in the phrase as a word. Morning (from Peer Gynt Suite No. 1) © Notice the long eight-measure phrases in Morning. “Shape” each phrase with a = and ——— as marked. Edvard Grieg (1843-1907, Norway) arranged Gently moving mp Ist phrase (12 and 3 and) 66 FFI130nt 2nd phrase on G jon [3] onc mp 3rd phrase t tie within a slur Cs C bs i Duet: (Student plays J octave higher, without pedal) fit » |Q : fz) 7 ) DO.al Fine mp | is Be ‘RY Transpose the melody only in measures 9-16 with your R.H. beginning on D. Hint: Read by 2nds and 3rds. FFI302 67Upbeat (or Pick-up Note). The first beat of any complete measure is referred to as the downbeat. Upbeat(s) or pick-up notes(s) lead into the first full measure. This piece begins on beat 4 with two eighth notes on the upbeat (4 and). If a piece begins with an upbeat, the last measure is often incomplete. ‘The combined beats of the incomplete first and last measures will equal one full measure. Taps US. Army Bugle Call Peacefully downbeat upbeat To complete measure ——— ‘Traditional e 2-3) all (prepare L.H.) Duet: (Student plays / octave higher) RB. = 2 68 FF1302CN fermata : (pronounced fer-MAH-tah) Hold this note longer than usual. Happy Weekend to You! This piece begins on beat 3 with two eighth notes on the upbeat (3 and). With spirit mg Hap’ py Son 3 “ cae 0) biscayery A Draw a f over the upbeat. Draw a | over the downbeat. (See page 68). Duet: (Student plays 7 octave higher) [3] RH. La. with pedal FF1302 69The C Major Chord: Root - 3rd - 5th The 3 tones of the C major chord (or C major triad) build up in 3rds from C. Cc Cc *Gis the Sth blocked chord _ broken chord * Bis the 3rd fe = * Cis the root This folk song is composed only of C chord tones. ¢ In cach blank, write blocked or broken to describe the chord. © Write the 3 letter names used in this piece. ¢ In which 3 measures does the RH. melody begin on the 3rd of the chord? measures 7 English Folk Song Cheerfully 3on ‘Traditional ? ae mfCsus4 resolvesto C The Csus4: Chord “Sus 4” is short for “suspended 4th.” The sus4 chord uses the 4th note (F) S in place of the 3rd note (B) to give a suspended feeling to this chord. Fa Csus4 Cc The Csus4 chord usually resolves to the C chord, for a feeling of peaceful resolution. chord symbol — the letter name of a chord, written above the treble staff, which . * indicates the harmony. Gavotte George Frideric Handel (1685-1759, Germany) Moderately arranged Ex. C Csus4 3 feeeaeea * gavotte—a lively French dance in 4 time. It usvally begins with two upbeats. FF1302 71New: Inner Ledger Note B mene GBC o 2S = Play these notes on the piano, saying the note names aloud. R.H. Warm-ups: 1. For “Warm -up 1,” extend the thumb (thumb extension) to play ledger note B. 2 L 2 1 ih 1 2 mf Sp omeniae i 2. For “Warm-up 2,” cross finger 2 over the thumb to play ledger note B. crosses over 1 1 2 1 2 Li ® a Simple Gifts ‘Traditional Shaker melody arranged a Rather slowly to be sim-ple, ‘tis the | gift to be free, “tis the Lon_? ‘Teacher Duet: (Student plays / octave higher) See ee ee ee = RH. LH ph with pedal 72down cross over 2 1 3 ry when We find our - selves inthe crese. FF1302 374 ‘Tempo is the speed of the beat. © Tap (or clap) each Rhythm Drill below, counting aloud at a moderate tempo. Phen practice on the piano at slow, moderate, and faster tempi (plural for tempo). Repeat 8 higher RH. es ae mf gag aN eee ey eee Abate Fr 243 P 4 LH. 5 x 4 tf Pp mf Repeat 8% lower Repeat 8" higher RH. Pi ee asp mf peu iNWineianS Caine f P mf Repeat 8% lower Repeat 8 higher SF Repeat 8 lower ici 45 | @ 27/88 FPI302eee siti ded, 2. Each measure below is incomplete. Complete each measure using 8th notes (Jd or JJ). Then play the rhythms on any white key at a moderate tempo. fs 1 ld J | a. lJ | | 3. Write 1+2+344 +4 (/ and 2 and 3 and 4 and) under this melody. ‘Then sightread the music. Set a steady beat by counting one free measure before starting. =] Rather slowly mf 's ; 4 Ls e847 4 Write 1 +2 +3 + for this melody. Then sightread the music, counting as you play. Rather slowly mp > 4 1. Identify each example as a C chord or Csus4 chord. Then play each. Ex. Csus4 — 9a See 5 7202 157 TREBLE SPACE Notes: F- A-C-E The space notes on the treble staff spell the word F A CE. aE ‘ 1 1 i NEW NEW Gline Space Note Drill: 1. Starting with the F above Middle C, play and say the treble space notes F-A-C-E, going up and going down. Use R.H. finger 2. 2. Are you playing 2nds or 3rds? «= Bor playing, oorlnsthe saree Moon on the Water each note in the blank for measures 1-4. RH. LH) over 5 Duet: (Student plays / octave higher, without pedal) ils RH. wn FA SS r r B-Pp on repeat 76 FFI302P/(echo) LQ over LHQover B] IN F1302This beautiful, old meloc 500-Year-Old Melody ‘Swedish folk song, and Israel among others. based on a ‘16th century Italian melody Moderately dian? mf! 3on_? repeat! : 2 peat fromm. 9 S-P on repeat Duet: (Student plays J octave higher) RH. LH |e ‘mp with pedal 9 78 FFI3| | : ! piscdyrny A Can you name and define each dynamic mark in this piece? (7) mp *F1302 mp?“ a oD Q2t ait 7 ii 2 Fae 2 Ei 47 | @ 91/02 79Playing the F Major Chord F major chord The F major chord (or F major triad) eS is made of 3 tones built in 3rds above F. 3d +e 3rd Practice Suggestions: © F chord 1. On the piano, find the F major chord with i | 1 your L.H. as shown on the keyboard. \* a cE 2. Practice F Major Chord Warm-up with your lr} lal |e LH. until it is secure. Repeat with RH. Lis 3 cee fingers 1-3-5, playing one octave higher. F Major Chord Warm-up Rather slowly (for L.H.) 1on_? 5 1 3 Son_? 3 = Note: To learn the F major pentascale, refer to p. 171. Reveille* U.S. Army Bugle Call arranged 7 mf | Ton _? *pronounced REV-ch-lee Duet: (Student plays / octave higher) = = Ae. aDIS @XERY Transpose Reveille to the notes of the C pentacale. (L.H. begins on G; R.H. begins on C) Remember to observe the finger numbers, read the intervals, and use your ear when transposing. FF1302 81Arpeggio (pronounced “ar-PEJ-ee-oh”) comes from the Italian word for “harp.” To play an arpeggio, play the notes of a chord one after another, going up or down the keyboard. © Practice these eross-hand arpeggios until you can ‘ play them smoothly and easily. Cross-Hand Arpeggios Smoothly 5, @RHS, 3 1 Li he P (echo) © Continue Cross-Hand Arpeggios using these hand positions: Down a 2nd: beginning on E Pola. RH LH LLJe! Is} |e} | jel Je I il 5 3 1 1 3 5 2 t ‘innis H. Down a 2nd: beginning on D La Down a 2nd: beginning on C 82 FF130;1, Name each space note below. Then play each with your R.H., using the fingering given. 1 5 2 Hes 1 4 2. Write the counts under examples a and b. Tap or clap, counting aloud. Then sightread. il 3, mf f p f— Your teacher (or a friend) will play the given note and then another note a 3rd up or 3rd down. Close your eyes and listen, Draw a note a 3rd up or down from the given note. Play and name both notes. b. 4. Improvisation with Treble Spaces F- * Ask your teacher or a friend to play the duet below. First, listen and feel the beat. | | # When you are ready, improvise a R.H. melody ‘* using treble spaces F-A-C-E in any order. ar Duet: (Student improvises higher on the keyboard.) FF1302 838 Ef 7 \TASCALE Learn these notes that step up by 2nds from Treble C. (You already know the circled notes.) il A *Playandsay: TrebleC D E FG space - line - space - line - space Learn and play this piece by: reading 2nds, 3rds, and repeated notes © recognizing note names, Treble C D E F G ¢ practicing slowly, as you count aloud. May Dance Cheerfully lon 4-—_—__} Count: 1 and 2 and 3 and| 1 and 2 and 3 and | 1 and 2 and 3 and mf 5+ ete. Ton > fii 51 | @ 12 Duet: (Student plays / octave higher) Berra racer eal ae 7 C : I ‘mp pp on repeat . 84 FFI302FF1302 In measures 1-4, each phrase for the R.H. is “copied” When the Saints by the L.H. This is called imitation Go Marchi @ In Lively i 1 mf Oh, when the | saints the | saints 2 ti in, (go march - ing am num = ber, (yes, when the saints go in) as T = do) a z Duet: (Student plays 7 octave higher) RH, a ' | LH. a Ree ee etsie eae 1a aol a77y, a = a mg hit© Notice that the R.HL shifts up an African Celebration octave to Treble C at measure 25. Traditional African melody Quickly, with energy lon_? 7 Fe mp 5 lon_? Son _? 3 1 * Thin double bar lines indicate the end of a section of music. 86: Bre i OU tic 53 | @ 5/6 =F1302 87Notice that the R.H. imitates each L-H. musical pattern. * Play on firm fingertips, keeping the eighth notes Imitative Study very steady. Observing the half rests will allow your R.H. time to prepare. lon Moderately 3 (prepare R.H.) Repeat playing piano. (prepare RH.) | ich sa | @ 7/8 FFI30: 88l. Draw the notes of three C Pentascales in different locations on the grand staff. ‘Use whole notes. Write the note names in the blanks. + Begin on Bass C + Begin on Middle C * Begin on Treble C oe 8 tient TrtleC Nyt acy Sa Do Basel et 2. Circle 2nd or 3rd for each measure. Then name each note in the blanks below. 2nd or 3rd 2nd or 3rd 2nd or 3rd 2nd or 3rd 3. Sightread these two lines of music. Watch for slurs and ties. (Remember to set a steady beat of one full measure before beginning to play.) @ 1 eae cua mp ® 1 mf Listen as your teacher (or a friend) plays intervals of a 2nd or a 3rd broken, then blocked. Circle 2nd or 3rd below. 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd a. b. d. e@. 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd 3rd For Teacher Use Only (The examples may be played in any order and repeated several times.) = fer 20e 2c fe e< 89 FFI302,The 5 notes of the G pentascale areG A B C D. ° Find and play these G pentaseales on the piano. Say the letter names aloud. fr CH eo [Rk G|A|B/Cc|D G/A|B Sacer Go Q > wo Es 3 ooo Treble clef G Ts a eG Bass clef G Octave Check: From G up or down to the next G is an octave (8 notes). © Practice Octave Warm-up to help you memorize the location of these 3 G’s on the piano. Octave Warm-up 5 3 i es With energy FFI302G Pentascale Warm-up 1 G Pentascale Warm-up 2 sea RO ea ieee ee 5 5 4 eee G Pentascale Warm-up 3 Steady >F1302 91Musette Name the pentascale used: A musette is a lively piece imitating the bagpipe. composer unknown from the Anna Magdalena Bach Notebook Allegro adapted ee P'SC@PERY Transpose Musette to the notes of the C pentascale. For additional pentascales, see page 166. FF130American Fiddle Tune (Turkey in the Straw) Name the pentascale used: Moderato Traditional gong don : 2 3 lon_? 1 Son? p1sc@¥F®* Transpose American Fiddle Tune to the notes of the C pentascale. For additional pentascales, see page 170. F1302 93The G and Gsus4 Chords LH. Warm-up: Andante mp broken blocked _ broken blocked Theme by Mozart (from Sonata in A Major, K. 331) Key of G Major Wotfang Amadeus Mozart tise, Aut) Andante arranged G Gsus4 3 4 Duet: (Student plays 1 octave higher) Oe EE = ja RE. La. pl 94 FFIXF1302 95© Tap the rhythm on the closed keyboard cover or your lap, counting aloud, “1-2-3-4, 14243444," etc. © Then play, counting aloud. Fing er Fanfare Name the pentascale used: __ Moderately fast lon Count: 1 ny Ton | fll 59 | @ 7/18 96 FF13( © Transpose Finger Fanfare to notes of the C pentascale.1. First, sightread these G major pentascale melodies. Then, add harmony by writing G or Gsus4 in the boxes. Listen and let your ears guide you. Lastly, play each melody with the chords G Gsus4| Moderato 1 Moderato 3 ‘Your teacher (or friend) will play a short example that will end on the G or Gsus4 chord. Circle the correct answer for the last chord. LEK Hint: The G chord sounds restful and complete. The Gsus4 chord sounds restless and incomplete. G G G G b. c d. Gsus4 Gsus4 Gsus4 Gsus4 For Teacher Use Only (The examples may be played in any order.) on March tempo ff Moderately mf. FF1302er Pie 10 SHARPS AND FL, Ahalf step is from one key to the very closest key. © Play these half steps on the piano. ¢ Find and play several more half steps eee The Sharp 3 es otc w oe BE=C Asharp means to play the key that is a half step HIGHER. © Play these keys up the keyboard while naming them aloud. Use R.H. finger 2. Warm-up with Sharp: Slowly play “Warm-up with Sharps” with the R.H. fingering given. Steady crossunder___crossunder cross. under eross.under cross under 1O@@O® ©.,2 @ @ R.H. Slowly play “Warm-up with Sharps” with the L.H. fingering again. Steady cross over cross over cross over cross over cross over LH. "O@@OQ 271 O00 OO O77 1 *Flats are introduced on page 102. 98 F130.Rules for Reading Sharps Half-Time Band A sharp caries through an entire measure, but not Name the pentascale use past a bar line. (See measure 14) In a new measure, the sharp must be written again. With pep lon_? 3 ® 5 ® Count: 1 ny CO" Son_? @® | 5 = rt wal NV 4 still Ct viscdyeny : me Transpose Half-Time Band to the noies of the C pentascale. *This is the interval of a 4th. 4ths are presented on p. 110. FFI302 99Greensleeves English Folk song arranged Gently moving dis -| cour - teous Duet: (Student plays 7 octave higher) 2 Is with pedal (eo) FF1303 24 a eee ecw eee sleeves was my How many beats does the whole rest receive in this song? F302 101The Flat Ly Notice that Notice that Fb=E O=B A flat means to play the key that is a half step LOWER. © Play these keys down the keyboard while naming them aloud. Use R.H. finger 2. Warm-up with Flat Slowly play “Warm-up with Flats” with the R.H. fingering given Steady crossover PERV cross over crossover __ cross over 2-1. @) @ 2 a=) RH. mf Slowly play “Warm-up with Flats” with the L.H. fingering given. Steady LH. 1? 3? O O@0,5, 7 oo © mf crossunder ~crosstinder~ cross tnder cross under Rules for Reading Flats A flat carries through an entire measure, but not past a bar line. (See measure 3) Romance Ina new measure, the flat must be written again. (from A Little Night Music) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) arranged Peacefully 2on_? still Bb 102 F130;scayery & The 8th notes in this piece begin on: beat 1 2 3 4 (circle one). Duet: (Student plays / octave higher) ils RH. P with pedat FF 1302 103The Natural Annatural cancels a sharp or a flat. A natural is always a white key. Play Sometimes a natural is written as a reminder to play Sleeping Beauty a white key in a new measure. (See measure 6.) This is called a “courtesy” natural. Waltz Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893, Russia) Andante 4on_? ‘arranged 2on_? Duet: (Student plays / octave higher, without pedal.) Hi simile FFI30;“Because of the tie, the flat does not need to be written again in the last measure. FF1302 iii 63 | @ 25/26New: Whole Steps A whole step is made of two half steps. Think of a whole step as two keys with one key in between. Find and play these whole steps on the piano. —-| eT | | [t This piece depicts rumbling mountain thunder, rain, and then emerging sunshine. © Notice the opening four measures are whole steps, beginning with the lowest CD on the keyboard. © Observe all the dynamic markings for a “colorful” sound. |a|2 2 : als Summer Mountain Rain Moderately slow (J = 80-96) move higher @ ® ped. down throughout 2 3 Fw wn Rain is fall - ing. (prepare LH.)Sun is com - ing out. mp RH Rain (iardando tain is stop - ping. mf pe 15 3 Hold and let i the sound ring! P P Was that thunder? The rainbow shimmers! oe 2 3 8 FFI302 ee 107Review: The notes of a scale move up or down by 2nds. New: A 2nd may be a whole step or half step. Major pentascales (5-note scales) use this pattern: Whole step - Whole step - Half step - Whole step © Study the keyboard diagram to the right. Notice the W W H W pattem. W = Whole step H=Half step Major Pentaseale Study 1 5, Allegro Begin crossing L.H. over L.H.(8)over [a] Begin crossing RH. over RH. 5 over ae ee 5 65 29/30 © Transpose this exercise to the G major pentascale. | 5 | @ 220) 108 FPI3The Whole-Whole-Half-Whole pattern will Roa help you learn the D and A major pentascales. Memorize the look and feel of these patterns. © Practice hands alone, then hands together. D and A Major Pentascales ‘Moderato + D Major : 1 5 § SoD on repeat 5 Moderato A Major 1 | , - | S-P on repeat | ) jaye] [ple VVVV WwWHW Hil) 66 | @ 31/32 More Major Pentascales © Transpose the warm-up above to other major pentascales. The keyboard diagrams in the Major Pentascale Appendix (pages 170-171) will guide you. Note: There are 12 major pentascales. It is recommended that you learn and memorize each. Cc G D A E B FG) C#(,) Ab Eb BS F Duet: (Student plays / octave higher) D Major D4 Eos = eS a oS a mp-pp A Major *F1302 109