4.

what is Res Ipsa Loquitur

Res ipsa loquitur" is a Latin legal term that translates to "the thing speaks for itself" in
English. It is a doctrine used in tort law to establish a presumption of negligence based
on the very nature of an accident or injury. In cases where the direct cause of an
accident is not easily provable, and the event wouldn't have occurred without
negligence, this doctrine allows a plaintiff to rely on the circumstantial evidence of the
accident itself to establish a prima facie case of negligence.

For the doctrine to apply, three conditions are generally required:

1. The event or injury would not have occurred in the absence of negligence.
2. The event or injury was caused by something within the exclusive control of the
defendant.
3. The plaintiff did not contribute to the cause of the accident.