COMPUTING FUNDAMENTALS

LAB RECORD

Name :
Register Number :
Period :

Department of Civil Engineering

Government Polytechnic College Manjeri
Malappuram, India – 676123
COMPUTING FUNDAMENTALS
LAB RECORD

Department of Civil Engineering

Government Polytechnic College Manjeri
Malappuram, India – 676123
 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
No Name of the Experiment Date Marks Page
1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER COMPONENTS

2 OPERATING SYSTEMS

3 BURNING CONTENTS TO A DISC

4 WORD PROCESSING – RESUME PREPARATION

5 WORD PROCESSING – SEMINAR REPORT

SPREADSHEET MANAGEMENT – PROGRESS
6
REPORT
7 PRESENTATION MANAGEMENT

8 INTRODUCTION TO ONLINE TERMINOLOGIES

9 EMAIL ID CREATION

10 INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING

11 ADDITION OF TWO NUMBERS

12 AVERAGE OF THREE NUMBERS

13 AREA OF TRIANGLE

14 VOLUME OF CYLINDER

15 TEMPERATURE CONVERSION

16 LARGEST OF TWO NUMBERS

17 LARGEST OF THREE NUMBERS

18 ODD OR EVEN

19 ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION

20 CHARACTER NAME OF THE DAY

21 NATURAL NUMBERS

22 FACTORIAL OF A NUMBER

23 MULTIPLICATION TABLE

24 SUM OF DIGITS

25 GRADE CALCULATION

All the ……… experiments are verified. Lecturer in charge

 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS IN
COMPUTING FUNDAMENTALS LAB

 Students should report to the lab on time

 Students should wear uniform in complete
 Students who turn up late to the labs will in no case be permitted to
perform the experiment scheduled for the day unless there is a valid
reason.
 Students should wear identity cards throughout the lab.
 After completion of the experiment, certification of the staff in-charge
concerned is necessary.
 Students should shut down the system and switch off the power
after completion of the experiment.
 Any damage inside lab will be viewed seriously by putting suitable
penalty.
 Exp No: 1 Date:

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER COMPONENTS

AIM

To identify the internal and external hardware/peripheral components.

THEORY

HARDWARE

Physical parts of a computer that can touch. Eg:- Monitor, Keyboard,

Processor, RAM, etc.

SOFTWARE

Collection of programs that perform some particular task in an operating

system. They are of two types.

1. System Software
Eg: Operating systems like Windows, Ubuntu
2. Application software
Eg:- MS Office software, Photoshop, AutoCAD

FIRMWARE

Set of instructions programmed on a hardware device. Can say something

between software and a hardware.

Eg: ROM
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER

CPU – Central Processing Unit

ALU – Arithmetic and Logical Unit

CU – Control Unit

MU – Memory Unit

Input devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Light Pen

Output devices: Printer, Monitor, Plotter, Projector

Storage devices: Hard disk, Pen drives, CD, DVD, memory cards

CD – Compact Disk

DVD – Digital Versatile Disk

PROCESSOR:

Main execution component of a computer which contains control unit, ALU

and cache memory. Eg:- Core i5, i7 etc.

Intel is the largest processor manufacturer for Desktops and Servers whereas
Qualcomm is major company for quadcore/ octa core Snapdragon
smartphone processors

MOTHERBOARD:

Most important hardware component as all other components are connected

to it and communicate through it. USB ports, graphics, sound, wifi,
Bluetooth, etc are integrated in motherboard. Eg: - Intel, AMD, Asus, Gigabyte

CHIPSET:

It is a set of electronic components in an integrated circuit that manages the

data flow between the processor, memory and peripherals. It is usually
found on the motherboard.
HARD DISK:

Hard disk is a magnetic device that saves data and files permanently in a
computer. It is referred as HDD (Hard Disk Drive). SSD (Solid State Drive) is
faster than HDD.

RAM:

RAM means Random Access Memory. It is a temporary storage and referred

as Volatile memory. Means when the computer is shut down, anything stored
in RAM will lost. Size of the RAM decides speed of execution. The more the
size, more data and program can placed in RAM and quickly delivered to
processor

ROM

ROM mean Read Only Memory. It is a non-volatile memory. It is a built-

in memory. It is a firmware.
BIOS:

BIOS means Basic Input/Output System. It is a computer chip on the

motherboard. It is a non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware
initialization during the booting process.

CMOS:

Small battery that stores information about the computer components

settings like system time, date and other configuration settings.

RESULT

Identified various internal and external hardware components of a computer.

 Exp No: 2 Date:

OPERATING SYSTEMS

AIM

To familiarize with Windows operating system.

THEORY

OPERATING SYSTEM

An operating system is system software that manages computer hardware

and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.
It is an intermediary between user and computer hardware. Eg:- Windows,
Linux, Unix, MacOS

BOOTING

Process of loading the operating system into main memory is called booting.

FILE MANAGEMENT

Process of copying/moving/modifying files in a computer is called file

management. They are mainly,

A) CREATING A NEW FOLDER :

Right click the mouse  New  Folder
B) COPYING A FILE / FOLDER:
Right click mouse on the file/folder to copy  Click ‘Copy’
C) PASTING A FILE / FOLDER:
Go to required file/folder  Right click mouse  ‘Paste’
D) MOVING A FILE / FOLDER:
Right click on file/folder to move  Click ‘Cut’  goto required new
location  Right click the mouse  Click ‘Paste’
E) DELETING A FILE / FOLDER:
Right click on the file/folder  Click on ‘Delete’
F) RENAMING A FILE / FOLDER:
Right click on the file  Click on ‘Rename’  Enter the new name of the
file  Press ‘Enter’.

REGULAR SHORTKEYS IN FILE MANAGEMENT

1. Ctrl + A = Select All

2. Ctrl + C = Copy
3. Ctrl + P = Print
4. Ctrl + V = Paste
5. Ctrl + X = Cut
6. F2 = Rename
7. Alt + Tab = App / window Switching

RECYCLE BIN

Space allotted for storage of deleted files.

RESULT

Familiarized windows operating system and its various file management

procedures.
 Exp No: 3 Date:

BURNING CONTENTS INTO A DISC

AIM

To familiarize the procedure to burn contents into a disc

THEORY

To "burn" a CD simply means to copy or write information onto a compact

disc, or CD. CD drives that are capable to writing CDs will use a laser to burn
the information onto the underside of the CD and allow it to be read in CD
players or CD-ROM drives.

PROCEDURE

1. Place an empty disc into your CD/DVD writable drive.

2. A burn disc wizard will appear on screen; give the disc a title, then choose
the option Like a USB flash drive.

3. Click Next, then wait while the disc is prepared for use.
4. Open drive containing your DVD-R or CD-R. Then drag and drop any
files you want to write to the disc.
5. Click Write to Disc.

RESULT

Familiarized the procedure of burning contents into a disc

 Exp No: 4 Date:

WORD PROCESSING – RESUME PREPARATION

AIM

To prepare a resume using Microsoft Word.

THEORY

Word processing software helps us to design and produce text documents that
can include graphics, tables, or charts. Eg:- MS Word, Libre Office writer

FONT RIBBON

Font ribbon contains tools to deal with font characteristics.

1 Font To pick a new font for text

2 Font Size To change size of text
3 A To increase font size Ctrl + >
4 A To decrease font size Ctrl + <
5 Aa To change case of text
6 To clear all formattings
7 B Bold Ctrl + B
8 I Italic Ctrl + I
9 U Underline Ctrl + U
10 abc Strikethrough
11 X2 Subscript Ctrl + =
12 X2 Superscript Ctrl + Shift + =
13 Highlighter, Colour changer
PARAGRAPH RIBBON

1 Bullets

2 Numbering

3 Multilevel List

4 To move paragraph closer or further from margin

5 To sort in alphabetical/increasing/decreasing order

6 Align left/middle/right/Justify

7 Line spacing

8 Shading

9 To make border lines visible or hidden

DOCUMENT FORMATS

1 ODF Open Document format

2 DOC Document
3 PDF Portable Document Format

REGULAR SHORTKEYS

1. Ctrl + B = Bold
2. Ctrl + I = Italic
3. Ctrl + N = New
4. Ctrl + O = Open
5. Ctrl + S = Save
6. Ctrl + U = Underline
7. Ctrl + Y = Redo
8. Ctrl + Z = Undo
PROCEDURE

1. Open MS Word application.

2. Save the document : File  Save  filename.docx
3. Set the page size : Layout  Page setup Ribbon  Size  A4
4. Set Page Margin: Layout  Page setup Ribbon  Margins 
Custom margins  Type required details
5. Page orientation: Layout  Orientation  Portrait/Landscape
6. Select required font, size and details: Home  Font Ribbon  Font,
Size, and other details like Bold, Italic, Underline or strikethrough.
7. Type and arrange the required matter and format it as per the
requirements.
8. To insert picture: Copy the required image  Right click the mouse
 Paste as per requirement (Ctrl + V).
a. From Layout options  Select ‘Behind text’
b. Double click on inserted image to format it.
Eg: - To change colour, to crop the image, and to wrap image
with text.
9. Insert Basic shapes: Insert  Illustrations  Shapes  Choose
required shape and click on it to insert.
10. Insert table: Insert  Tables Ribbon  Table  Choose required
size or type custom values for rows and columns/ Draw table.
11. Complete the text and image modifications. Save the document.
12.Create PDF: File  Export  Create PDF

RESULT

Prepared a resume using MS Word

 Exp No: 5 Date:

WORD PROCESSING – SEMINAR REPORT

AIM

To prepare a model outline of seminar report using references tools.

THEORY

Seminar reports are prepared as per the guidelines provided by the

institution. It is recommended to use ‘Referenced’ document than simply typed
ones. In a referenced document, page numbers and table of contents get auto
updated when we make changes in document. For this, headings should be done
using the ‘Styles ribbon’ option and proper steps to be followed.

STYLES RIBBON

We can set different styles and headings using styles ribbon. Better follow
below guidelines while using these tools.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Set Times New Roman, Size = 13, in the ‘Normal’ style.

2. Set Heading 1 by properly modifying the style. To modify style,
Right click on the ‘Heading 1’ style  Modify
3. Similarly set all headings using styles option as per guidelines.
4. Add contents under each heading.
5. Go to the first page  References  Table of contents and choose an
automatic style.

6. If you make changes to your document that affect the table of contents,
update the table of contents by right-clicking the table of contents and
choosing Update Field.

TABLE OF FIGURES

We can list and organize the figures, pictures, or tables in our report
by creating a table of figures, much like a table of contents. First add captions
to your figures, and then use the Insert Table of Figures command on the
References tab. Word then searches the document for your captions and
automatically adds a list of figures, sorted by page number.

PAGE BREAK

1. Put your cursor where you want one page to end and the next to begin.
2. Go to Insert  Page Break.

NOTE

To add sample texts, you can use:

1. Type ‘=lorem()’ and press Enter or

2. Type ‘=rand()’ and type Enter
ADD A BORDER TO A PAGE

1. Select Design  Page Borders.

2. Make selections for how you want the border to look.

Note: To adjust the distance between the border and the edge of the page,
select Options in the Borders and Shading dialog box.

INSERT A HEADER OR FOOTER

1. Go to Insert  Header  Choose the header style to use.

2. Add or change text for the header or footer.
3. Select Close Header and Footer or press Esc to exit.

INSERT PAGE NUMBERS

1. Select Insert  Page Number, and then choose the location and style.
2. If you don't want a page number to appear on the first page, select Different
First Page.
3. If you want numbering to start with 1 on the second page, go to Page
Number  Format Page Numbers, and set Start at to 0.
4. When you're done, select Close Header and Footer or press Esc.
PROCEDURE

1. Open MS Word and save the document.

2. Add HEADINGS using Styles ribbon: Home  Styles  Headings
3. Contents are added under each heading and sub headings.
4. Numbering should be defined properly:
a. Go to Home  Paragraph ribbon  Multilevel list

5. From references, add ‘Table of Contents’.

6. Similarly, as per need you can add list of tables and list of figures from the
References menu under various ribbon.
7. Add more chapters and contents. Set headings. Click on the table of contents
 Update table  Update entire table to get the whole new contents
updated in table of contents section.

RESULT

Prepared a model outline for seminar report.

 Exp No: 6 Date:

SPREADSHEET MANAGEMENT – PROGRESS REPORT

AIM

To prepare progress report using MS Excel.

THEORY

Spreadsheet applications like MS Excel, Libre Office calc, etc are used to
calculate, analyse and manage data.

BASIC STRUCTURE

1. Row – Horizontal entities named as 1,2,3, etc in left side of spreadsheet

2. Column – Vertical entities named as A, B, C, etc in top side of spreadsheet.
3. Cell – Intersection of a row and column is a cell. The cell on which the
selection is called active cell. Data is entered into cells.

4. Different from MS Word, we have FORMULA and DATA MENU at top

ARRANGING DATA

1. Data is entered in the active cell.

2. Page Layout and margins are set : Page Layout  Size  A4
If we select A4, we can see a dotted line as the limits.
3. Length and width of rows and columns can be adjusted by ‘click and drag’
mouse over the borders of rows and columns.

4. Alignment options:
a. Middle align: Align text so that it is cantered between top and bottom
of the cell
b. Orientation: to change text direction – Horizontal (default), vertical
or inclined.
c. Wrap text : Wrap extra-long text into multiple lines so that you can
see all of it.
d. Merge & Center : Combine and centre the contents of the selected
cells in a new larger cell. This is a great way to create a label that
spans multiple columns.
5. Using Insert menu, shapes, charts and shape arts can be added. Symbols and
equations can also inserted from insert menu.
6. To provide border markings use the ‘Border’ option’
Home  Font  Border

7. To get continuous numbers in a column, type 1 and 2 in first and second

row. Select both. Move mouse to bottom right portion of the selection;
‘Click and Drag’ the mouse as per the last number needed.

WORKING WITH DATA

1. ADDING NUMBERS
a. Select a cell where we need to display the result.
b. Type ‘=SUM ( ’ in that cell
c. Select the range of numbers to add [Eg: =SUM(B3:B11) ]
d. Close the bracket by typing ‘)’ and press Enter.
e. Result will be displayed in the selected ‘result cell’.
2. FORMULA BASED CALCULATIONS
a. Select the ‘Result cell’
b. Type ‘= (‘ and input the equation inside it. Close the bracket ‘)’. Enter
c. Note that we need to select respective address cells instead of
equation variables. Eg: To solve equation (2A + 3B), follow below
steps

3. SORTING
a. Application: AZ (alphabetical order) sorting or to arrange numbers
in ascending or descending order
b. Select the range of data to sort
c. Home  Editing  Sort & Filter  Sort smallest to largest
4. REPLACE SOME TEXTS
a. Application: if you commit a mistake entry and uses multiple times
across the spreadsheet/document you can replace all in a single click.
b. Goto Home  Editing  Find & Select  Replace
c. Type in ‘ Find what’ and in ‘Replace with’
5. REMOVING DUPLICATE ENTRIES
a. Application: If you are preparing name list and some of names are
entered multiple times, you can remove the duplicates in a single
click.
b. Select the range of data to check for duplicates
c. Goto Data  Data tools  Remove Duplicates
d. Duplicates will be removed from the selected range
6. APPLY FILTERING
a. Application: If there are Males and Females in a list. You need to sort
out Males only.
b. Select the column of GENDER by clicking on the column head
c. Go to Data  Sort & Filter  Filter

PROCEDURE

1. Open MS Excel and save the spreadsheet

2. Set up the page layout to A4: Page Layout  Size  A4
3. Prepare the outline of progress report using tools in font and alignment
ribbon. Apply borders appropriately.
4. To merge two cells together:
Select required cells  Home  Alignment Ribbon  Merge & Center
5. Enter marks data for various subjects and apply required functional
operations to find total, percentage and CGPA.
a. Total marks (Out of 100) = Mat + Eng + Phy + Che + CF + H&P
b. Percentage = (Total marks /600) * 100
6. To change cell width and height: Select required cells  Home  Cells 
Format  Row Height / Column width.
7. After completing editing, export the file as PDF.

RESULT

Progress report is prepared using MS Excel.

 Exp No: 7 Date:

PRESENTATION MANAGEMENT

AIM

To prepare a presentation using MS PowerPoint.

THEORY.

Presentation packages are used as a tool while presenting different seminars,

projects and classes. Examples of presentation packages are MS PowerPoint
and Open Office Impress.

GUIDELINES FOR A GOOD AND EASY PRESENTATION

1. Develop a framework of entire presentation using pen and paper.

2. First type complete things in respective slides. Then start editing phase.
3. Fonts:
a. Avoid complete sentences in slide. Make it short, and write down
the core words/hints.
b. Recommended fonts in PPT: Tahoma, Andalus, Helvetica
c. Don’t use ‘Times New Roman’. Its for documentations.
d. Minimum font size in a slide : 24
e. Use one or two fonts through out the presentation.
4. Slide Management:
a. It’s better to have more slides than trying to place too much text
on one slide
b. One concept in one slide
c. Don’t plan more than 5 bullets in a slide
d. Don’t use default designs/ themes, etc
e. Reduce texts & focus on illustrations/graphs: Insert  Smart Art
f. Use the space creatively and effectively.
 g. Animate the illustrations in a minimum level
h. Align contents properly
i. Copy-paste slides instead of using ‘new slide’ (saves time)
j. Use ‘Duplicate slide’ for faster works.
k. Add short notes if needed (Bottom of slide, can see in presenter
view, not seen to audients)
5. Image editing:
a. It is easy to copy-paste images from online (Eg: google)
b. ‘Snipping tool’ and ‘PrntScr’ can be used for selection.
c. Properly crop the image:
Double click image  Picture format  Size  Crop / Crop to
required shape.
d. Clarity clearance:
Double click on image Picture format  Adjust  Corrections
6. Equations, Tables and Graphs:
a. Insert  Equations
b. Insert  Table
c. Insert  Chart
7. Video, Audio, and screen recording:
a. Insert  Media  Video, trim video if needed. Control can be
changed in such a way that – Play on click/Auto.
b. Insert  Media  Audio
c. Insert  Media  Screen recording
8. Animations and transitions:
a. Reduce use of animations in professional slides. Use only when
needed.
b. Go to Animations menu and select suitable animation.
c. Go to transitions and select suitable one for each. Better to use
simple transitions and throughout same transition.
9. Presentation:
a. The file can be saved as PDF/Image/Video
b. Presenter view  Helps to know what slide is coming next
c. Use slide presenter / mobile apps to control/mirror screens.
d. Presentation speed: maximum 1-3 slides per minute
e. Never read the slides in total
f. Use pen and highlighter to emphasize points while presenting.
g. Always have a backup plan (Plan B – in case of any issues) –
Handouts of slides (8 in 1)
h. Presenting shortcuts:
i. Pen  Ctrl + P
ii. Highlighter  Ctrl + I
iii. To hide all inks on screen  Ctrl + M
iv. Erase all  E
v. Laser point  Ctrl + L

PROCEDURE

1. Open MS PowerPoint and save the file.

2. SET PAGE SIZE: Design  Customize ribbon  Slide size  Select as
per requirements. For classrooms size 4:3 is good.
3. Delete all default text boxes seeing on the first slide : Click anywhere in
slide outside text box  Select All (Ctrl + A)  Delete
4. SET A BACKGROUND THEME for the work.
a. Prepare a background theme  Select All (Ctrl + A)  Right click
the mouse  Save picture as  Save it in any known location.
b. Select All (Ctrl + A)  Delete
c. Right click the mouse  Format background  Picture or Texture
fill  Insert picture from  File  Select the saved theme image.
d. Apply to All
5. To create much number of slides: Click on the slide shown in left side of
the screen  Copy (Ctrl+C)  Paste it number of times (Ctrl + V).
6. Set the front slide by properly arranging the contents.
7. To insert new text box in the slide: Insert  Text Ribbon  Insert text
8. To add illustrations: Insert  Illustrations  Shapes / Smart Art / Chart
9. Adding images:
a. Copy the picture  Right click the mouse  Paste as per need
b. Some images need to be cropped for good look: Double click on
the image  Format  Size Ribbon  Crop or crop to required
shape.
c. Adjustments in colour, brightness etc: Double click on image 
Format  Adjust  Corrections / Color / etc
10. Insert page number: Insert  Text Ribbon  Slide Number  tick on slide
number and apply to all.
11. To add transition effects: Transitions  Select appropriate transition.
12. To add animations to objects: Select object  Animations  select the
required animation from the Animation Ribbon.
13. To Slide Show the presentation : F5
14. To save slides as PDF: File  Export  Create PDF

RESULT

Prepared a presentation and learned various tools in MS PowerPoint.

 Exp No: 8 Date:

INTRODUCTION TO ONLINE TERMINOLOGIES

AIM

To familiarize with internet and its terminologies

THEORY

INTERNET

Network of networks

BROWSER

Software that helps to access World Wide Web. Eg:- Chrome, Mozilla firefox

PROTOCOL

Set of rules for transmitting an electronic data between devices.

Eg:- FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

An addressing scheme for online resources.

Eg:- https://www.google.co.in/

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

To transfer hypertext over www.

HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure)

Makes all communication between browser and websites encrypted.

WWW (World Wide Web)

Collection of internet sites accessed by hypertext interface

HYPERTEXT

A text that contains electronic links to other text.

DOMAIN

edu – Educational institutions

com – Company/ Commercial organizations

org – Non-profit organization

net – network of sites

gov – Government website

SUB-DOMAIN

in – India

uk – United Kingdom

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

Set of commands used to create world wide web documents.

CLIENT

If a computer has a web browser installed, it is known as a client

SERVER

A host computer that is capable of providing information to other computers.

RESULT

Familiarized with various online terminologies

 Exp No: 9 Date:

EMAIL ID CREATION

AIM

To familiarize how to create an email ID

THEORY

Email means electronic mail. An email address is a unique identifier

for an email account. It is used to both send and receive email messages over
the Internet. Similar to physical mail, an email message requires an address for
both the sender and recipient in order to be sent successfully.

Every email address has two main parts: a username and domain name. The
username comes first, followed by an at (@) symbol, followed by the domain
name. Eg:- sample@gmail.com

EMAIL SERVICE PROVIDERS

1. Gmail
2. Yahoo
3. Outlook.com

PROCEDURE

1. Select and open an email service provider. Eg: Gmail

2. To create a gmail account, we need to sign up for a google account.
3. Goto gmail home page. Click on ‘Create account’  For myself
4. Fill the required details and click next.
5. Enter a password. Type the password again to confirm it is accurate.
6. Choose a strong password to keep your account protected.
7. Enter Date of Birth and provide mobile number when asked. Complete all
label fields.
8. Select the Next Step button. Accept terms and conditions and proceed.
9. Verify your mobile number. OTP (One Time Password) will be send to your
mobile for verification. Enter the code in the box provided. Select the
Continue button.
10. From the My Accounts page, choose the Gmail icon from the top of the
page or from the apps menu in the upper right corner.
11. Choose the Next button until you reach the end of the instructions.
12. You will get a message “Congratulations! Your Gmail account is ready for
use”. Email ID is thus created.

RESULT

Familiarized the procedure how to create an email ID

 Exp No: 10 Date:

INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING

AIM

To study the basics of programming.

THEORY

ALGORITHM

Step by step directions for solving a problem

FLOWCHART

Graphical representation of algorith

PROGRAM

Set of instructions that tell computer to perform various things

MACHINE LANGUAGE (LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE)

 Language used by machines to communicate.

 It consist of 0’s and 1’s only. Computer can’t understand human
languages directly. To make this possible, programming languages are
used.

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE (HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE)

 Language used by programmers to perform programming.

 It is similar to English language.
 Using compilers/Interpreters computer converts this language to
machine language. Examples: C, C++, Java, Python, etc
ASSEMBLER

It’s a type of low-level language which is having similarity to high level

language.

COMPILER

Converts the whole program at a time. Eg: - C++

INTERPRETER

Converts the program line-by-line. Eg: Python

PYTHON

 A type of High level programming language

 Simple, Powerful and robust.
 Python means ‘Perumpampu’ in Malayalam
 Open source – community driven software
 Object oriented programming language. Eg: - Gaming, web applications

HOW TO WRITE A PROGRAM IN PYTHON?

1. Analysing the problem, the algorithm and flowchart to solve the program
is prepared.
2. There are certain rules in python to do each kind of work. They are called
syntax.
3. By following the proper syntax, write in a step by step way.

RESULT

Studied basics of programming.

 Exp No: 11 Date:

ADDITION OF TWO NUMBERS

AIM

To solve addition of two numbers using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. INPUT A, B
3. LET SUM = A + B
4. PRINT SUM
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Solved sum of two numbers using python

 Exp No: 12 Date:

AVERAGE OF THREE NUMBERS

AIM

To find average of three numbers using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. READ A, B, C
3. LET AVG = (A + B + C) / 3
4. PRINT AVG
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Solved average of three numbers using python.

 Exp No: 13 Date:

AREA OF TRIANGLE

AIM

To find area of triangle using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. READ B, H
3. LET AREA = 0.5 * B * H
4. PRINT AREA
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Solved area of triangle using python.

 Exp No: 14 Date:

VOLUME OF CYLINDER

AIM

To find volume of cylinder (V = 3.14 x R 2H) using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. READ A,B
3. LET VOLUME = 3.14 * R * R * H
4. PRINT VOLUME
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Solved volume of cylinder using python.

 Exp No: 15 Date:

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION

AIM

To convert given Celsius temperature to Fahrenheit temperature using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. READ C
3. LET F = (C*9/5) + 32
4. PRINT F
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Converted given Celsius temperature to Fahrenheit temperature using python.

 Exp No: 16 Date:

LARGEST OF TWO NUMBERS

AIM

To find largest of two numbers using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. READ A, B
3. IF (A > B):
LARGEST = A
ELSE:
LARGEST = B
4. PRINT LARGEST
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Largest among given two numbers is determined using python.

 Exp No: 17 Date:

LARGEST OF THREE NUMBERS

AIM

To find largest of three numbers using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. READ A, B, C
3. IF (A > B):
IF (A > C) :
LARGEST = A
ELSE:
LARGEST = C
ELSE:
IF (B > C):
LARGEST = B
ELSE:
LARGEST = C
4. PRINT LARGEST
5. STOP
PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Largest among given three numbers is determined using python.

 Exp No: 18 Date:

ODD OR EVEN NUMBER

AIM

To find whether a number is odd or even using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. READ A
3. IF ( N % 2 = = 0): (% - modular operator – gives remainder)
PRINT EVEN
ELSE:
PRINT ODD
4. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Program for odd or even is evaluated using python.

 Exp No: 19 Date:

ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION

AIM

To find roots of a quadratic equation using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. INPUT A, B, C
3. LET D = B*B – 4*A*C
4. IF (D > 0):

R1 = ( - B + √D/(2 ∗ A) )

R2 = ( - B - √D/(2 ∗ A) )

PRINT ROOT1 AND ROOT2

5. IF (D = = 0):

R1=R2 = - B/(2*A)

PRINT R1

ELSE:

PRINT NO ROOT OR COMPLEX ROOTS

6. STOP
PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Evaluated the program to find roots of quadratic equation using python.

 Exp No: 20 Date:

CHARACTER NAME OF THE DAY

AIM

To find character name of the day using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. INPUT N
3. IF (N==1): PRINT SUNDAY
4. IF (N==2): PRINT MONDAY
5. IF (N==3): PRINT TUESDAY
6. IF (N==4): PRINT WEDNESDAY
7. IF (N==5): PRINT THURSDAY
8. IF (N==6): PRINT FRIDAY
9. IF (N==7): PRINT SATURDAY
ELSE: PRINT INVALID DAY NUMBER
10. STOP
PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Character name of given day is evaluated using python.

 Exp No: 21 Date:

NATURAL NUMBERS

AIM

To find whether a number is odd or even using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. INPUT N
3. LET i=1
4. WHILE (i <= N):
PRINT i
LET i = i+1
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Evaluated program to find ‘n’ natural numbers using python.

 Exp No: 22 Date:

FACTORIAL OF A NUMBER

AIM

To find factorial of a number using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. INPUT N
3. LET fact =1
4. FOR x IN RANGE (1, N+1):
fact = fact * x
5. PRINT fact
6. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Evaluated the program to find factorial of a number using python.

 Exp No: 23 Date:

MULTIPLICATION TABLE

AIM

To develop a multiplication table of a given number using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. INPUT N
3. PRINT MULTIPLICATION TABLE OF N
4. FOR i IN RANGE (1, 11):
PRINT A x i = A*i
5. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Evaluated the program of multiplication table using python.

 Exp No: 24 Date:

SUM OF DIGITS

AIM

To find sum of given digit using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START
2. INPUT N
3. LET TOTAL=0
4. WHILE (N > 0):
DIGIT=N % 10
TOTAL=TOTAL+DIGIT
N=N/10
5. PRINT TOTAL

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Evaluated the program to find sum of digits using python.

 Exp No: 25 Date:

GRADE CALCULATION

AIM

To find whether a number is odd or even using python.

ALGORITHM

1. START

2. INPUT MAT, ENG, PHY, CHE, CF, HP

3. TOTAL = MAT + ENG + PHY + CHE + CF + HP

4. LET P = TOTAL/600*100

5. IF (P>=40):
PRINT PASS
ELSE:
PRINT FAIL
6. STOP

PYTHON PROGRAM

RESULT

Prepared progress card using python.