Stages and steps in

cavity Preparation
 Needs for Restorations
Caries
Non-carious lesions
Replacement of restorations or
repair
Iatrogenic dentistry

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Objectives of Tooth Restorations

• To restore form/function and

esthetics, if possible
• To promote maintenance of
integrity of hard and soft
tissues of the oral cavity
• To promote health and welfare
of patients
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 Objectives of Cavity
Preparation
• To remove all defects and give necessary
protection to the pulp
• To locate the margins of the restorations as
conservatively as possible
• To form the cavity so that under the
masticatory forces the tooth and the
restoration will not fracture and the
restoration will not be displaced
• To allow for the esthetic and functional
placement of a restorative material

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 Tooth Restorations

Intra-coronal tooth restorations

Extra-coronal tooth restorations

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 What factors do we have to
consider in cavity preparation
for successful restorations?
Type of dental restorative material
physical and biological properties
Tooth: location vs. masticatory forces

6
 Steps in Cavity Preparation
• Outline form
• Resistance form: resistant to tooth and
restoration fracture and displacement of
restoration
• Retention form: prevent from dislodging
of restoration
• Convenience form: access for caries
removal, band insertion, etc
• Remove remaining carious lesions
• Finish margin of enamel walls
• Final procedures : cleaning ; inspecting ;
varnishing ; conditioning .
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 1- Outline form

Principles :

All friable and or weakened enamel

should removed .
All faults should be included
All margins should be placed in
apposition to afford good finishing
of the margins of the restoration .
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 2. Resistance form
Definition:
The shape and displacement of
the cavity walls that best
enable both the restoration
and the tooth withstand
without fracture,
masticatory forces delivered
principally in the tooth
structure. 9
 2. Resistance form
Principles:
• Depth- 0.5 mm below DEJ (about 1.5
mm from the deepest pit)
• Flat floor
• No unsupported enamel (undermined)
• Cavosurface margin: 90 degree
• Angle of departure: 90 degree
• Slightly-rounded internal line angle
• Preserve marginal ridge if possible

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 Flat Floor
Relatively parallel to the cusp tips

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Cavosurface Margin

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 Prepared Cavity Walls
E Sharp definite
DEJ cavosurface
margin
D
Definite slightly-rounded
internal line angle
1. Cavosurface margin
Cavity wall at right angle with the outer surface
of crown in amalgam restoration.
1. Enamel wall
2. Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)
3. Dentin wall 13
Internal line angle
Should be rounded

14
Undermined Enamel
should be removed

15
 3- Primary retention form
Definition:
Primary retention form is that shape or
form of the prepared cavity that resist
displacement or removal of the
restoration from tipping or lefting
forces.

16
 Retention form

1. Box form 2. Convergence to occlusal

surface (small undercut)

B
A

Converge Diverge
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3. Retention Form
Dovetail

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Retention
Slot & Pin

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 4- Convenience form

Definition :
Convenience form is that
shape or form of the cavity that
provides for adequate
observation, accessibility, and
ease of operation in preparing
and restoring the cavity .
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 5- Remove remaining caries

Definition :
Removal of any remaining enamel
pits / fissure and or infected dentin
and/or restorative material if indicated
is the elimination of any infected
carious tooth structure or faulty
restorative material left in the tooth
after initial cavity preparation .
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 6- procedure for finishing the
external walls of the cavity
preparation
Definition :
It gives the cavo-surface margin the
appropriate angulation according to
the restorative material used

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 7-Final procedures: Cleaning;
Inspecting; Varnishing;
Conditioning.

It is important that the tooth not be

dehydrated by over use of air or
by the application of alcohol .
Once the cavity has been cleaned
adequately, the preperation is
visually inspected to confirm the
appropriatenss of the cavity
preperation 23
 False conservatism
• Insufficient convenience form
• Leaving unsupported enamel
• Insufficient reduction for restoration
strength

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 False preparation:

Very flat, uncontoured carving, Very shallow on the

wide prep lingual wall

Lack of convergence of 25

proximal box Very narrow isthmus

 False preparation:

Wide isthmus, excessive extension Excessive flaring of

proximal walls

Occlusal outline should include Deep preparation in

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mesial-buccal pit central pit

 Some picture of ideal cavity
preparations

Typical class II preparation for Typical class I preparation for

amalgam amalgam

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 Some picture of ideal cavity
preparations

Typical class III preparation Typical class IV preparation for

amalgam
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THANK YOU

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