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The global aquaculture industry currently account for over 45 percent of all sea food
consumed that figure has been projected to increase to 75 percent.
The activity required high quality feed, which should contain not only necessary
nutrients but also complementary feed. Additives to keep organisms healthy as
well as favour growth of environment friendly aquaculture . some of the most
utilised growth -promoting feed additives include hormones ,antibiotics ,ionospheres
and some salts. Probiotics are also feed additives (200 technical additives ) which are
defined as live microbes that may serve as dietary supplements to improve the host
intestinal microbial balance and growth performance.
In the early 1950 antibiotics were used as common feed additive , the extensive and
continuous usage of antibiotics is known to help the production of antibiotics
resistant bacteria which may directly affect the genetic material causing mutation .
In order to overcome all these problems ,scientists have selected certain beneficial
microbes to be used as feed additives . Parker (1974) coined the term probiotic and
defined the term as organisms and substances which contribute to intestinal
microbial balance probiotics can also be considered as microbes to improve the
nutritive value of an animal feed (Castellanes et al.1996) several studies have shown
that probiotics improve the growth of the fishes (Noh et al.1994, Metaillier and
Hollocaou 1993).