Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Eyes Open 4 SB
Eyes Open 4 SB
ru
is c o v e r y
I EDUCATION
STUDENT S BOOK
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-107-46781-1 Student's Book with Online Workbook and Online Practice
ISBN 978-1-107-46780-4 Student's Book
ISBN 978-1-107-46782-8 Workbook with Online Practice
ISBN 978-1-107-46783-5 Teacher's Book
ISBN 978-1-107-46786-6 Audio CDs (3)
ISBN 978-1-107-46787-3 Video DVD
ISBN 978-1-107-49052-9 Presentation Plus DVD-ROM
Eves Орепб \
Ben Goldstein & Ceri Jones
with Vicki Anderson
Щ C a m b rid g e
U N IV E R S IT Y P R E S S
jD IScover
E D U C A T I O N
www.frenglish.ru
Р4 -ed and -ing adjectives, Phrasal verbs p5 Energy issues, make p4 Past simple vs. past continuous, Question words p5 Present
and do p6 Art around us, Performing p7 Adventure sports and perfect and past simple, Present perfect with still, yet, already
activities, Survival essentials and just p6 Word order in questions, Subject/object questions
P7 Present perfect with ever, never, for and since, Present perfect
questions
1Ш Ш
1 p9 Clothes p10 Short online texts p11 used to and would p12 An interview
Trends Explore words in context Get it right! questions with Adjectives and dependent
used to prepositions
О Milan fashion week
2 p19 Personal qualities p20 A magazine article p21 Reflexive pronouns and p22 A news report
A helping Explore word building each other Phrasal verbs (learning and
hand Get it right! reflexive pronouns socialising)
О Born to dive
4 p41 Cooking verbs p42 Short online texts p43 First conditional with if, p44 Adjectives describing food
Fabulous Explore words in context when and unless A game show
food Get it right! will
О Oil from goats?
6 p63 Celebrations p64 A magazine article p65 -ing forms p66 A travel programme
Celebrate Explore verbs and prepositions Get it right! prepositions after Descriptive adjectives
in style verbs and before the ing form
О Let's celebrate
7 p75 Story elements p76 A plot summary p77 Third conditional p78 A podcast
Weird and Explore prepositions and p97 Say it right! Contracted Linking phrases
wonderful adverbs of movement forms in third conditionals
О Mission, possible?
8 p85 Crimes p86 News stories p87 Reported statements p88 Reporting verbs
Right or Explore words in context Get it right! tell and say A news report
wrong? О On the run
p35 Predictions with be рЗб О The young and the brave p38 О Real talk: p39 An opinion essay p117 CLIL Natural Science-
going to, will and may/ p37 A newspaper article Are you saving up for Useful language: The Archimedes' Principle
might Explore words in context something special? Linking phrases О A cool experiment
Future continuous What? p101 Grammar reference
p96 Say it right! Making decisions p109 Vocabulary bank
Contracted forms in the
future continuous
p45 Second conditional p46 О Fruits of the sea p48 О Real talk: What p49 Describing a local p118 CLIL Technology -
with could and might p47 An online article would you make if you dish Vertical farming
p96 Say it right! Stress Explore prepositional phrases had to cook for your Useful language: О You are what you eat
and intonation in second family for a day? Cooking and eating p102 Grammar reference
conditional questions Giving instructions p110 Vocabulary bank
p57 Relative pronouns p58 О An invention that changed рбО О Real talk: What's p61 An online review p119 CLIL Technology-
and clauses everything your favourite gadget? Useful language: Passive houses
Get it right! relative p59 An article Buying a gadget Describing a product О What a waste!
pronouns as subject Explore communication phrases and p103 Grammar reference
p97 Say it right! phrasal verbs pi 11 Vocabulary bank
Intonation in relative
clauses
p67 Infinitives p68 О Like father, like daughter p70 О Real talk: What's p71 A description p120 CLIL History - 4th July
Infinitives vs. -ing forms P69 An article the worst party you've Useful language: celebration, USA
p97 Say it right! to Explore words in context ever been to? so or too + adjective О Reliving history
and too Offers and requests p104 Grammar reference
p112 Vocabulary bank
а а м м м и м а м м ш
■I Ш Я Я Я В Л Ш Ш й Я В н ш В Н Я Я
p79 must have, can't p80 О A lost civilisation p82 О Real talk: What's p83 Telling a story p121 CLIL Biology -
have, might/may/could p81 A magazine article the biggest mistake Useful language: Extinction
have Explore words in context you've ever made? Adverbs О Lions in danger
Get it right! have + Getting more information p105 Grammar reference
past participle p113 Vocabulary bank
p89 Reported questions p90 О Future directions p92 О Real talk: What's p93 An online article p122 CLIL ICT-Copyright
Indirect questions p91 An article the biggest lie you've Useful language: О True or false?
p97 Say it right! Explore verb expressions ever been told? Describing amounts p106 Grammar reference
Intonation in indirect Clarifying p114 Vocabulary bank
questions
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Starter Unit
Summer holidays -ed and -ing adjectives, Phrasal
verbs
Past simple vs. past continuous
5 QpMSEf Choose the correct words to complete
1 ^ Talk about the picture with your partner. the answers to the interview questions in
Why do you think they are on the island? Exercise 4. Then listen and check.
4 Use the phrases below to talk about 8 Ask and answer questions about what you have
your energy use. done today.
• I save ... • Ireduce ... Have you done your homework yetT^
• I switch o f f ... • Iturn dow n...
• I don't waste ... • Idon't leave ..
No, I haven't done it yet.
I switch off my computer when I'm not using it
)
^ Have you already had lunch? ^ ( Yes, I have.
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Subject/object questions
5 Complete the questions.
1 Match the pictures (a-h) with the words in 1 'Hi Simon! Who ieyqur favouritesinger ?'
the box. 'My favourite singer is Lady Gaga.'
2 'Boys! W h at....?'
mural portrait orchestra microphone 'We have pancakes for breakfast!'
gallery exhibition sculpture juggler 3 'Hey Tony! W h o .... ?'
'My uncle taught me to play!'
4 'Hi there! W hat.... ?'
Word order in questions 'Lots of things give us ideas for songs - love, life,
friends...'
2 Put the words in order to make questions for 5 'Hey guys! W ho.... ?'
a band, All for One. 'We often listen to the Beatles!'
1 playing/are/W hen /tonight/yo u/? 6 'Dudes! W hat.... ?'
When ere you playing tonight? 'We chilled out in the hotel last night!'
2 meet / you / did / How / all / ?
3 songs / writes / the / play / all / Who / you / ?
4 concert / When / first / was / your / ?
5 other / can / instruments / play / Wha: / you / ? 6 Work with a partner. Student A is a member of
6 do / do / you / your / in / time / What / free / ? a band, Student В is a music journalist. Do an
interview.
7 o th e r/m u sic/like /yo u /W h at/d o /?
8 going / after / finish / you / are / here / Where / Hi Joseph! So, what instruments
you / ? can vou plav?
6
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Trends
«Discovery EDUCATION
In this unit...
Milan fashion
week p11
Music and
fashion p16
BE CURIOUS |
V o c a b u la ry
* Clothes I can ...
W ords in context talk about the kind of clothes I like to wear,
■s Adjectives and understand short online texts about
dependent prepositions fashions and an article about style icons,
Compound nouns talk about past habits and experiences,
Language focus understand a radio interview w ith an actor,
v used to and would buy clothes in a shop.
Past perfect write a short biography of a famous person,
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Vocabulary clothes
Match the phrases in the box with the clothes (a-j) in the pictures.
Then listen, check and repeat.
a leather jacket a stripy shirt a silk scarf a cool T-shirt flat shoes tight jeans
a flowery dress a denim skirt a baggy jumper a fitted coat
Look again at the phrases in 5 Ask and answer with your partner.
Exercise 1. Find words that describe: 1 Which of the clothes in the pictures
a the material the clothes are made from and in Exercise 4 do you have in your
b the pattern on the material wardrobe?
с the size or shape 2 How often do you wear them?
d a personal opinion about the clothes 3 What kind of clothes do you like
wearing? Why?
Listen to three people 4 Do your parents ever tell you what to
talking about the clothes they are wear? When? Are you happy to wear
wearing. Find the people in the the clothes they suggest?
pictures.
In my wardrobe, I've got a really
baggy jumper. It's horrible!
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TEENAGE
F A S H IO N S from the past
2 О Ш Ш Read the text and check your answers. Read the text again. Complete the
sentences with Teds, Hippies, Punks or
New Romantics.
a Teddy boys and girls first appeared on the Punks didn't like rules.
streets of Britain in the 1950s. They loved rock .... copied a style from another country.
and roll music and they used to dress like the
The style of both .... a n d .... developed in
American teenagers in rock and roll movies. The
reaction to earlier fashions.
boys wore long jackets and tight trousers. They
wore their hair long at the front. They would put a .... and .... wore clothes with lots of
colour.
lot of gel in it and wear it in a quiff. The girls used
to wear wide skirts and high ponytails. .... and .... had special hairstyles.
.... and .... wore tight trousers.
В The hippy fashion started in the late 1960s. It .... wanted to look like characters they
w as a very relaxed style and very different from saw in films.
the formal clothes Teds used to wear. Hippies 8 .... were influenced by nature.
wore loose clothes, with colourful flowery
patterns. Men had long hair and beards. Women
had long hair too and they used to wear long Explore words in context
scarves and Indian jewellery. Som etimes they 4 Find the words in the text and then
would paint flowers on their hands and faces. look for examples in the photos.
С Which ones can you see?
The first punks appeared on the streets of
London in the late 1970s. They didn’t use to
quiff ponytail loose clothes
spend a lot of money on clothes. Their favourite
dyed hair dog collar safety-pins
colour w as black. They wore tight trousers with
holes and baggy T-shirts with offensive words and extravagant make-up
expressions on them. They had dyed hair - pink or
green or blue - and they used to wear dog collars
as necklaces and safety-pins as earrings. They
wanted to shock people and break the rules.
5 Ask and answer with your partner.
) This colourful, creative style started in the early 1 Are any of these fashions still common
1980s. New Rom antics loved unusual clothes in your country? If yes, which? Who
that often looked like costum es from a pirate film wears them?
and both girls and boys used to wear extravagant 2 What styles are common among young
make-up. Their fashion w as a reaction to the dark people today? Do you like them? Why/
side of punk. Why not?
F A C T ! 81 % of teens get their ideas
for clothes and fashion from friends and
classmates and not from magazines or TV.
10
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qjssesei
To form questions, use did + use to + infinitive.
Did you use to have a quiff, Dad? /
Did you used to have ... ? X
Language focus 1
Think about when you were nine. Ask and
used to and would answer the questions in Exercise 4 with your
Complete the examples from the text. Then partner.
choose the correct words to complete the rules.
Did you use to walk to school on your own?
Listening An in te rv ie w
1 ^ Work with a partner. Look at the photos and the poster
and answer the questions.
1 Do you know anything about the film?
2 What do you think is the connection between the film and the
two photos?
3 How has the world changed in the last 30 years?
Discover Culture ж
1
ш Ш
■Ш Ш х
O iscovery p m i г д т i о hi -
v ib ratio n
sound w a ve s
m a g n ets
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BRITAIN United Kingdom
There are lots of icons which represent the UK but some only
sym bolise the Britain of the p a st...
London
The'Fab Four', the most popular guitar In 1959, the most famous car in
band of all time, are known and loved all the British motor industry arrived: the
over the world! They released their first Mini! It was a car popular with both the rich and the
album more than 50 years ago but their famous - everybody loved the Mini. Before production
songs are still as popular as ever. The stopped in 2000, nearly six million people had bought
band went through a number of style one! Now there is a new Mini on the streets, but it's
changes over the years from 1959 to not British anymore - it's German! The first Mini cost
1970, but this image of the young band just £500. The new German Mini can cost as much as
in their cool suits and short hairstyles is £16,000!
probably the most iconic.
В
box corners band industry fare changes On the streets in my country, there are lots of ...
15
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R e a l ta lk : What music and fashion were your parents into when they were
growing up?
1 © Ж Ш Watch or listen to the teenagers. Match the sentences (1-6) with the music or
people in the box.
disco the Beatles punk Michael Jackson classical and pop no music
What music and fashion are you into? Ask and answer with your partner.
Useful language
How about this top?
You look great!
Where are the changing rooms?
They're my size, too.
Do you think the top suits me? Listen again and check your
They don't fit very well. answers.
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Writing A b iog ra p hy ^ The Swedish group ABBA formed in 1972. Bjom and Benny had
been in another band, but started their own group and asked
1 Look at the photo and read the their girlfriends, Agnetha and Anni-Frid, to join. The name ABBA
biography. Who are they and when came from the initials of their first names. Later on both couples
got married.
were they popular?
ABBA became internationally famous when they won the
Eurovision Song Contest in 1974 with Waterloo. Over the next
eight years they became one of the most successful pop groups
ever. They had many hits, including Dancing Queen and SOS.
They had 22 number 1 records around the world. During that
time they played pop and disco, and were famous for their glam-
rock stage costumes. Although they used to sing in English, they
also released two albums in Spanish. After selling millions of
records, ABBA finally split up in 1982.
In the last few years their music has become popular again with
the musical (and film) Mamma Mia! As a result, ABBA have now
sold 380 million records!
17
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A very Indian
wedding p24
Vocabulary • U r u t a i s m s
21
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6 Make notes about two people and two things 7 ^ Work with a partner. Discuss your ideas
from the list below. from Exercise 6.
• somebody you ... look up to / get on with / can
count on when you have a problem I signed up for karate classes, but I didn't
really enjoy it and after a month I gave up.
• something in your life that you've ... given up / set
up / passed on your knowledge o f /signed up for
1 Do they refer to a time period that has Present perfect simple vs. present
finished?
2 Do they describe a single action or a series of
perfect continuous
actions?
3 Can we use the present perfect simple to say 6 Write sentences with the present perfect simple
how many? and the present perfect continuous.
1 I / study / English / for five years
Gramm ar reference • page 100 2 I / have / two mobile phones / since I was 12
3 She / study / every evening / for the exam next week
2 W rite q u e stio n s u sin g the prom pts. 4 He / have / three different teachers this year
5 We / take / four exams in the last month
1 How many times / log on to the Internet
today? 6 I / read / a lot since September
2 How many text messages / send on your ф Say it right! • page 96
phone since this morning?
3 How many birthday parties / go to in the last
month?
4 How many text messages / receive today? Make notes about something you've been learning
5 How many English classes / have this week? to do recently. Then ask and answer the questions
in groups.
3 ^ Work with a partner. Ask and answer • How long have you been learning it?
the questions in Exercise 2.
• Why did you start?
ve only logged on to the Internet • Who has been teaching you?
twice today. What about you? • How many times have you practised this week?
• What has been the most difficult thing to learn? Why?
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Discover Culture
1 Work with a partner. Look at the photos and
the words in the box. Describe a wedding you have been
i| 1 o or seen. How was it similar to the weddings in the photos?
the clothes the food the music the couple the decorations
the ceremony the guests the other members of the family
«''Discovery
EDUCATION
1 Why do they paint the
bride's hands?
2 What preparations
2.2 A very Indian wedding do they make on the
morning of the party?
3 How does the groom arrive?
2 ОШ Watch the video. Which of the things
4 Why does the bride give the groom rice?
in the box in Exercise 1 does it show? Was it
5 Why does the couple walk around the fire?
similar to the wedding you described?
24
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A T R A D IT IO N A L CHINESE W E D D I N G
I'm going to take a break from my usual blog posts to tell you a
personal story - hope you don’t mind! It’s a love story, with a very
B eijin g
happy ending! It’s the story of my sister's Chinese wedding.
For the last five years, my sister has been living and working in China
Beijing, and just over a year ago she and her Chinese boyfriend
decided to get married. That’s where the story begins!
In China, weddings aren’t only about bringing together two people, as they are in
the West, they’re about bringing together two families. And in the case of my sister’s
wedding, two cultures. Over the past year, I’ve been helping her with the preparations and
I've learned a lot about Chinese culture, and particularly weddings!
The first thing I learned was that red is a very important colour! It brings good luck, and
everything to do with the wedding has to be red. The bride and groom wear red, the cars and
the room where the wedding party takes place are decorated with red flowers, and the gifts
(traditionally money) are given in small red envelopes.
The most important ceremonies took place on the morning of the wedding. First the
groom had to come to our hotel before sunrise. That was really early and we'd all been
up since 5 am. He asked my parents to accept him into our family and called them ‘mum’
and ‘dad’ for the first time. My parents in turn welcomed him into our family and called
him ‘son’ in Chinese. He then took my sister to his home, where she was welcomed into
his family. The rest of the day - the party with all the guests, the ten courses of delicious
Chinese food, the music and the dancing, that’s all just a bonus. But it was great fun!
Real talk: How have you helped a friend through a difficult situation?
How have you helped a friend through a difficult situation? Ask and answer with
your partner.
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Dear Granddad,
I’m writing to thank you for your advice about my new
school. I felt really lost at first! The work here is harder
and the teachers seemed really strict. I found some
subjects very confusing, but you were right, I just needed
to explain that to the teachers. They realised I was
determined to get better and since then they've been
helping me a lot. Luckily, I’m hard-working!
Making friends wasn’t easy. You know how shy I am, and
as it’s Year 3 they all knew each other already. I found it
difficult to join in. Your advice to smile and ask questions
worked, though. As you predicted, people smiled back!
They’ve been happy to help me and now I’ve made a
few friends. They’ve been showing me the town, and I’m
feeling really happy now! G et writing
So thanks again. I don’t know what I'd do w ithout you!
Lots of love, PLAN
Phoebe xx
5 Plan an email to a friend explaining
a problem. Use the questions in
Exercise 2. Make notes about one
2 Read the email again and answer the questions. of the problems below or use your
1 In the first paragraph, what was Phoebe's problem and why? own idea.
2 How did she feel about it? You had a silly argument with your
3 What advice did she get, and what happened? best friend and he/she stopped
4 In the second paragraph, why did she have a problem and speaking to you. You don’t know how
what was it? to say sorry.
5 What advice did she get, and what happened?
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1 a I e a t h e r jacket
NEW SKILL
We’ve set '(up)/ on a new website which brings 2about /
together people who want to learn skills with people
who can teach them. So far, 20 people have signed
3out I up. You can offer piano lessons, for example,
and in exchange, ask for someone to teach you Spanish.
It’s a good way for people to pass 4on / over their
skills. Sometimes people just give 5on / up after one
or two lessons because they don’t get 6in I on with their
3 f shoes
teacher, but on our website, you can easily change to
another teacher. Please tell all your friends about us.
We’re counting 7over I on you for your support!
^ p lo re vocabulary
5 Choose the correct words.
1 I want to cut my hair really short and have a
6 b jeans complete style(phange)/ icon!
2 My brother works as a taxi cab / driver.
3 Have you seen the graffiti on the street corner /
art over there?
4 Can I call you tonight? What's your telephone call /
number?
5 I couldn't practise because one of my guitar
strings / bands had broken.
6 My brother and I went to a motor show / industry
8 a t ________ jacket last weekend.
2 Complete the text with the words in the box. Look at the underlined words in the sentences
You can use some of the words more than once. below. Are they correct? Change the form of
the words when necessary.
of by on about with 1 You need to have a lot of determined to be an
We were really excited \ about; entering the online artist, determination
fashion competition. I'm fascinated 2 ...fashion design 2 It's not always easy to be a successful.
and I'm really keen 3 ...the latest British designers. 3 A gymnast needs to be very flexibility.
A group of us at school created some designs especially 4 It's important to be happy in your job.
for teenagers. We were really happy4 ... our work 5 I'm motivated by big challenging.
and proud 5 ... our creative designs! So we were a bit 6 We are all passion about sports.
disappointed 6 ... the winning entry - it wasn't original
at all. Still, we aren't afraid 7 ... hard work and we're
ready to try again next year.
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insectrriobiie p33
Saving up for
something special p38
CLIL A cool
experiment p117
BE CURIOUS
УО С& Ы И н гу
* Training and I can ...
qualifications talk about careers and training,
< Expressions w ith take understand a personal profile and a
с Achievements newspaper article about special young feeling
< Words in context people.
I A il (lU fiijft fc .r ur. talk about future plans and make
fi be going to and present predictions about the future,
tenses fo r the fu tu re understand a discussion on a radio news
с Predictions w ith be going programme.
to, will and may/might use appropriate phrases to discuss options
( Future continuous and make decisions
write an opinion essay.
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32
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Language focus 1 be going Choose the correct form of the verbs in the
text below.
to and present tenses fo r the Aaron Lucas is 21 and he's always dreamed of being a
train driver. Today is his first day at work and Sheffield
fu ture is his first destination.
The train ’leaves / is leaving London St Pancras at
1 Complete the examples from the text. Then 2.30 and 2is arriving / arrives two hours later. Next
complete the rules with be going to, present
week, he 3's going to drive / drives trains further - to
simple and present continuous. Newcastle, Edinburgh and Aberdeen.
• I'm going to start driving lessons as soon as I can. And the good news is that he 4doesn't travel / isn't
• She that dream car to school. travelling alone, the whole family ’T ake / are taking
• I'm starting my holidays next week. the train with him on his first day. He 6's going to
• She2 ... a sports car for her next birthday. w ork / works all week, but for them it's a holiday!
• The degree course lasts for three years.
• My course3 ... next week. Complete the sentences with the correct future
form of the verbs in brackets.
We use4 ... for future plans and intentions. 1 My holidays.... (start) soon, hooray!
We use 5.... for arrangements at a specific 2 My class.... (finish) at 6 pm, but I have to stay late.
time in the future. 3 I .... (not study) anymore when I'm 1 8 ,1want to
We use6 ... for scheduled future events. start work.
4 I .... (see) the dentist tomorrow at 4 pm, I'm scared I
Grammar reference • page 101 5 I .... (not meet) anybody after school this week,
I have to study ©!
? Match the beginnings and the ends of the 6 I .... (learn) Chinese, it's the language of the future.
sentences.
I'm very nervous because d Which of the sentences in Exercise 4 are plans?
Are any of the plans true for you? Change them
I'm not feeling well, so
so that they are true.
Oh, no ... my exams
I’m meeting my friend Antonio after school on
It's Sunday afternoon, so
Thursday. Were...
The academic year
In the summer holidays
starts next week,
begin on Monday. 6 Make notes about five plans you have for the
I'm going to have Chinese lessons. next week.
I'm taking my driving test tomorrow.
I'm not going to the party.
7 Swap your plans with a partner. Then ask for
more information about each plan.
I'm meeting some friends for a coffee.
What would
W hat insect
««Discovery
3.1 Insectmobile
33
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34
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Look at the pictures. What is going to happen? Use the 5 © Я Ш З Put the underlined words in
verbs in the box to make predictions. order to complete the text. Then
listen and check.
rain fall over slip score By 2050,
... experts think that do in g / b e / w i l l/ w e
©
everything via our smartphones. They say
that 2speakina/we/be/will with operating
systems all the time, so 3alone / won't / we /
* * и
be!
... “learning / be / won't / we English
anymore, because 5know / everybody / it /
will.
... 6have/won't/we cars that use petrol,
7be/will/driving/we greener vehicles.
... 8longer / we / living / be / will, because
discovering / doctors / be / will new
medicines all the time.
... 10won't / life / be / better but it will be
very different!
1 I think the bricks are going to ... © Say it right! • page 96
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1 Ф Work with a partner. Look at the photos 4 О Я Ш Complete the text with the words in
and answer the questions. the box. One word is repeated. Then watch
1 What's the difference between the two horse the video from 02.02 to 02.28 and check your
races? answers.
2 Where do you think the two photos were taken?
Why? courage balance strength
3 What is special about the race at the bottom do
you think? They'll need incredible ’.... and 2 ... to stay on their
horses. When their horses get tired, the children sing
to them. Who is the winner of this year's race going to
Find out about the Naadam festival horse race. be? We don't know yet. But it is the children's3.. .. and
4 ... that make them all winners.
^Discovery P П 11Г A T Ю M
5 Ask and answer with your partner.
1 What most surprised you about the video?
2 What images have stayed in your mind?
2 © Ш В Watch the video without sound. 3 What else would you like to know about the
Put the images you see in order. Naadam festival?
a horse riders doing tricks
It surprised me that the winner was not
b children with horses in a field
important...
с horse riders with flags
d children racing on horses
e skyscrapers
6 Have you or has someone you know competed
in a race? What was the sport? What skills/
3 © Ш 0 Watch the video with sound. Are the qualities did they need to do the sport?
sentences about conventional horse races or
the Naadam festival horse race?
1 horse riders are usually adults
2 horse riders can be as young as five years old
3 races last about 2 kilometres
4 races last 30 kilometres
5 they ride with saddles
6 they ride without saddles
YOUNG
OF THE YEAR Г—
AUSTRALIAN
L— — _
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IT^feggpf
,.ш:
ШШ
ian ThorPe- Like many sportspeople,
Thorpe started very young. At tne
a9e of 14, he became the youngest
male ever to represent Australia
Do you know somebody who ~~- ie ;: . and his victory in the 1998 Perth
has done something special? Should they win a /г; jj World Cham pionships made him the
prize for it? Well, if you’re Australian, every year you if ! youngest ever individual male World
can recommend a fellow Australian for an award. m f i в Я Ш - 'Я Я Champion. Thorpe won the Young
The Young Australian of the Year Award is for young I К § Ж Ш ж Australian of the Year award after
people between the ages of 16 and 30, and for ; И ' Д К breaking records and winning gold
personal, academic or professional achievements. If medals at the Sydney Olympics.
There are so many recommendations, it’s virtually Meanwhile, other prizes have
impossible to know who will win, so the vote is very gone to people of great bravery. Trisha Broadbridge
exciting. Each of the 8 states selects 4 people, so the became famous in Australia for surviving the 2004
winner is chosen from a shortlist of 32. tsunami in Thailand. Her
One winner, Akram husband sadly died in
J
Azimi, worked with the tragedy. She set up " ..
Aboriginal communities the Broadbridge Fund, Ш
in remote Western a charity which helped
to build the Broadbridge
Education Centre on | . 'i Q y d l W j k j
____________ ____ Australia. This is
Thailand's Phi Phi island. ЩЩ. \ J
amazing because he
: arrived in Australia The award is announced Щ
:Щ И as a refugee from on the eve of Australia Day
Afghanistan when he (26th January) and is very
w as^USt 13’ s0 En9lish popular with Australian people. On the night of the 25th,
-^1 | Ш is not his first language. the nation will be watching to find out this year’s winner!
OgS Akram used his natural
j/ B skills as a leader to
^ help young people
S ШI ■ I work and stuciy in rural F A C T ! The 2014 award was given to swimmer
Н » я ! -Ш Jacqueline Freney, who was born with cerebral palsy. She
won eight gold medals at the London Paralympic Games.
2 ^ Are you saving up for something special? What? Ask and answer with your partner.
Useful language
How shall we decide, then? I think the best way i s ...
I was thinking of ... That's a good idea, too.
We need to decide ... What kind of thing do you
Personally, I'd rather... suggest?
38
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^ Writing An o p in io n essay
fry eggs, boil eggs, fry chicken ... 5 Choose a simple recipe you know.
Explain how to cook it to your
Q u o Listen to someone partner.
explaining how to make a dish. Copy
I can make cheese on toast! First,
and complete the table below. Would
you grate some cheese ...
you like to try it? Why/Why not?
The 'fugu' is the world's most poisonous fish - and it's also
one of the most expensive! It's a delicacy in Japan, but
eating the tiniest drop of the toxins in its intestines can kill
you! Specially trained fugu chefs learn how to slice the fish
very carefully to avoid any contamination. If you are ever in
Japan and want to try fugu fish for yourself, you'll have to be
very careful! You'll need to make sure you go to a restaurant
that has a ’fugu certified' chef unless you want it to be your
last supper! >
F A C T ! In the Second World War, doctors used ithe
water in green coconuts to replace blood plasma.
Reading Short o n lin e texts
Work with a partner. Look at the photos. plore words in context
What kind of food can you see in each image? 4 Match the highlighted words in the
How dangerous do you think they could be? Why?
webpage with the definitions.
1 long tubes that take food from
2 Q m m Read the webpage. Order the food from the
your stomach
least dangerous to the most dangerous.
2 a food which people think is very special
3 having an extreme reaction to specific
3 Read the webpage again. Copy and complete the table.
types of food
4 poisonous
Possible dangers Advice
5 serious
onions Chop them under2.
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Grammar reference • page 102 I'll ... , unless you want to do it!
43
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Vocabulary Adjectives
describing fo o d
1 © ж з га Match the adjectives in bold with the
definitions (a-j). Then listen, check and repeat.
1 I can't eat this soup, it's too salty!
2 Mmm, these strawberries are delicious! I love them!
3 Quick, give me some water, this sauce is really
spicy! My tongue's on fire!
4 I'm sorry, but I can't eat this. It's totally disgusting!
5 Mmm ... did you forget to put salt on the pasta? It
tastes very bland.
6 Wow, this cake is very sweet!
7 I don't like fried mushrooms, they're too slimy.
8 Yuk, this coffee hasn't got any sugar in it! It's really
bitter!
9 Have you tried these apples? They're great, so
crunchy!
10 I don't really like chocolate or cakes, I orefer
savoury snacks like nuts and crisps.
a It has a lot of sugar in it. sweet
b It has a lot of salt in it.
с It tastes hot in your mouth,
d It doesn't taste good,
e It tastes very good,
f It doesn't taste of anything in particular,
g It's hard and makes a noise when you eat it. 5 ©KSE3 Listen again and copy and complete
h It's soft and oily and not very nice! the notes for each dish.
i The opposite of sweet,
j It's not made with sugar. Main Country o-f Adjectives
ingredients origin u se d to
^ Vocabulary bank • page 110
describe th e
dish
2 Which adjectives in Exercise 1 describe a) taste, 1 лjelly-fish / bChina. / С
b) texture (how they feel in your mouth) and onions Japan /
c) a good or bad opinion? Vietnam
taste - s a lty ...
Z 1 ears / e France. /
cockscombs Italy / Spain
Listening A gam e show 3 4 chilli h Colombia. / i-
3 ^ Work with a partner. Look at the photos. peppers / Korea. / Mexico
Use adjectives from Exercise 1 to describe grasshoppers
each dish.
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Look at the examples in Exercise 1 and 5 ^ Work with a partner. Ask and answer
complete the rules with the words and phrases the questions in Exercise 4. Add two more
in the box. There are two that you don't need questions using your own ideas.
to use.
Discover Culture
E D Work with a partner. What do you know
about Japan? Think about the topics in the box
««DiscoveryP П II Г A T I О M J ■
© K B Work with a partner. Match the fish to
the facts. Then watch the video from 01.12 to
4.2 Fruits of the sea 02.02 and check your answers.
R e a l ta lk : What would you make if you had to cook for your family for a day?
1 Q k b Watch or listen to the teenagers. What food items does each person
talk about?
omelette sandwiches salad vegetables eggs rice dish soup cake chicken
steak pizzas berry pie potato salad lasagne pancakes meat pasta
2 © What would you make if you had to cook for your family for a day? Ask and answer
with your partner.
3 © Ш Ш Listen to Josh talking to his mum on the phone. What is he going to make?
Complete the conversation with the useful б Щ Work with a partner Practjse the
language. conversation in Exercise 4.
Useful language 7 © Work with a partner. Plan your own
You need to stir i t ... Next, you .. conversation. Use the ideas below and
Finally, when ... The first thing to do i s ... Exercise 4 to help you.
First of all, chop ... Then, add...
D ish: C h e e s y p a s ta b a k e
In g re d ie n ts: 140g p a sta ,
Mum: Right, Josh. '..The firs t thing to do is get 2 o n io n s, 2 c a rro ts,
out the ingredients. You'll need an onion, 4 c lo v e s o f g a rlic ,
two cloves of garlic, a tin of chopped to m a to e s, g r a te d c h e e s e
tomatoes, the packet of mince 'rom the C o o k in g instru ctio n s:
fridge and some tomato puree. slic e o n io n a n d g arlic, fry gently; a d d
Josh: OK, I'll write down what I have to do. c h o p p e d v e g e ta b le s ; b o il p a s ta fo r 12
Mum: Ready? 2 ... the onion and the garlic and fry m inutes; m ix e v e ry th in g in a d ish; b a k e for
them gently with some oil until they're soft. 20 m in u tes; s e r v e w ith c h e e s e o n top.
3.... add the mince to the pan.4 ... for a few
minutes until it's brown.
D ish: V e g e ta b le a n d
Josh: OK. It sounds simple enough. What else?
c h e e s e o m e le tte
Mum: 5 ... the tin of tomatoes, a tablespoon of
tomato puree, some water to cover the In g re d ie n ts : 4 e g g s ,
meat, and salt and pepper. 1 o n io n , m u sh ro o m s, r e d
Josh: OK. Then what? p e p p e r , g r a te d c h e e s e ,
Mum: 6 ... it boils, turn the heat down low. And 2 0 g b u tte r
that's it! If you put a lid on it and let it cook C o o k in g in stru c tio n s:
gently, it will be ready when I get home. c h o p v e g e ta b le s , fry in b u tte r until soft; m ix
v e g e ta b le s a n d e g g s to g e th e r; p u t in p a n
a n d fry fo r 2 m in u te s; a d d g r a te d c h e e s e o n
5 © K E Q Listen again and check your answers.
to p a n d c o o k fo r 2 -3 m in u te s m o re.
48
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Look at the photo and read the description on an Internet forum. What is the dish
Lamorna describes and what is it made from?
HHHjB
lamorna
CH ECK
3 Look at the Useful language box. Find similar phrases in 7 Can you say YES to these
the text. questions?
• Have you included all the
4 Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. important information from
Exercise 2?
bake in filled with consists of made in contain served with
4................................................ 7 • Have you used phrases to describe
different aspects of the dish?
1 A traditional Sunday lunch is.... vegetables and roast potatoes.
2 Mix all the ingredients together and then . . . the cake.... the
oven for half an hour.
3 Ravioli are pasta squares.... meat or cheese.
4 It's a simple dish which .... rice and vegetables.
5 Only cheese that is actually.... Cheddar can be called
Cheddar cheese.
6 I don't eat many sweets - they.... too much sugar.
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4 Match the beginnings and the ends of the A: I was th in k in g )/ suggesting of raising money
sentences. for the cat hospital.
1 What would you say b B: 2This is / That's a good idea.
2 If you had to give up one kind of food,
3 If I lived in Japan, C: 3Finally / Next, you chop the onion.
4 I might be healthier D; OK, and then?
5 Would you eat kangaroo meat C: 4Then / Firstly, you need to fry it a little.
6 I wouldn't eat crocodile meat
E: ‘‘W hen / Then it boils, you need to let it cook
a I could eat sushi every day. gently for ten minutes.
b if a friend offered you some burned fish for dinner? F: Right, this is great. Cooking is easy!
с if I were a vegetarian.
d if someone cooked it for you? G: How 6m ig h t/ shall we decide then?
e unless I was really, really hungry. H: I think the 7best / first way is to ask our class.
f what would it be?
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Objects for
survival p55
An invention that
changed everything p58
CLIL What a
waste! p119
BE CURIOUS
What can you see in the photo?
V o ca b u la ry Unit aims
• Everyday objects I can ... Start thinking
• Words in context • talk about w hat objects are used for and • What everyday object can
• Modifiers w hy they are useful. you see in the photo?
• Communication phrases • understand articles about useful and • Can you think of any other
and phrasal verbs important inventions. unusual uses for this object?
L a n g u a g e fo cu s • talk about simple processes.
• Is there any street art like
• The passive: present • understand a radio report about unusual
к this where you live?
simple, past simple inventions.
and w ill • buy a gadget.
• Relative pronouns and • write an online review.
clauses
www.frenglish.ru
fan light bulb tap switch matches remote control plug candle heater charger
53
LIGHT IN A BOTTLE
www.frenglish.ru
All you need is a clean plastic b o ttle . Fill it w ith w ater from the
tap and close it w ith a black to p . The black to p attracts the sun.
A drop o f bleach, the kind you use to clean the house, is added
to the w ater to keep it clean. Then a small hole is cut in the roof
o f the room where you w ant the light, and the b o ttle is pushed
: through the hole. W hile there's sunlight outside, the lig h t w ill be
carried through the w ater into th e room below. A nd it's much
stronger than the light from a candle!
Moser shared his idea with his neighbours and his lig h t bottles
were installed in the local superm arket. Ten years later, an
organisation in th e Philippines heard about Moser's idea. The
MyShelter Foundation helps people in p o o r areas and specialises
in building houses using recycled materials. N ow there are Moser
v Й '\ lamps in m ore than 140,000 homes th ro u g h o u t the Philippines
, т т and the idea has spread to a num ber o f oth e r countries, too.
In India, the bottles are used in rural schools and to grow food.
In Bangladesh, the lights are installed in small businesses. Moser
has not made a lo t o f money from his invention, b u t his lamps
have definitely made life easier fo r a lo t o f people!
the bottle in a 7.... in the® ...of the building. My mum grows plants in used
the Philippines, India plastic bottles on our balcony.
a n d 9.... ^ - J S -------------- ---------------------
Ш ш Э Б ш ы Э Ш & l ° ca l
superm arkets, rural sch o o ls and 10...
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■ by Moser lamps.
Will Moser lamps be used in the new school?
Grammar reference • page 103 Work with a partner. Compare your lists and
answer the questions.
Complete the second sentence in each pair 1 Do you know when they were invented and
using a passive form of the verb in bold. by whom?
1 a Alexander Parkes invented plastic in 1862. 2 Which object in each category do you think is the
most important? Why?
b Plastic was invented by Alexander Parkes in
1862.
I think the Internet was
2 a Various companies developed a number of
invented in the 1980s.
different types of plastic over the next 70 years, ----------------------
b A number of different types of plastic.... over the
next 70 years.
3 a Drinks companies didn't introduce the first
commercial plastic bottles until 1937. Learn about surviving in the mountains.
l А /I________ - J _ j A — I_______________ ______________ I ->
b The first commercial plastic bottles.... until 1937.
_
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Vocabulary M o d ifie rs
4 ©ШЗЗ Listen to the extracts from the
recording and complete them with the
modifiers in the box. Then listen, check
and repeat.
56
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57
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Discover Culture
1 Work with a partner. Write a definition Test your memory. Can you put the events in order?
of the Internet. Use the words in the box 1 Computers become smaller and cheaper.
to help you. 2 More and more computers connect with each other
and the World Wide Web is formed.
websites mobile phones social networks 3 Scientists begin to use computers for many things. 1
communication WiFi connections
4 We use the Internet for everything: work, study and play.
5 The computers are big, slow and expensive.
6 The first computer network, Arpanet, allows computers
Find out about the invention of the Internet.
to communicate with each other.
7 The first email is sent.
^Discover у РП 11Г AT m N
(V 8 The Internet becomes bigger, faster and more social.
© Ask and answer with your partner. In groups, think of another invention that has
1 What kind of device do you usually use to go changed everything. Discuss the questions.
on the Internet? (phone, tablet, computer, 1 Why is/was it so important?
console ...) 2 When was it invented?
2 Where do you usually go on the Internet? (at 3 What exactly did it change / has it changed?
home, in your room, on the bus, at school ...' 4 Over what period of time?
3 What do you usually use the Internet for? 5 How does it affect ^ |
(searching for information, chatting with your everyday life?
friends, watching videos ...)
Can you im agin e life w ithout Facebook, popular with older and professional users than students. So, does that
Twitter or In stagram ? You know , those mean it's uncool for teens?
places w here you find out all the stuff Well, it's true some of the same students who loved it so much at the
that y o u r friends do e ve ry d a y ? beginning have now turned to other social networks. And what is
the reason that teens are using Facebook less? Parents! Parents see
Amazingly, if you'd been a teen pre-2004, when
Facebook as a way to keep the family together and to keep an eye on
Facebook started, you wouldn't have known the
their kids! And of course, they also use it to chat with friends and check
meaning of 'social networks'. Twenty-five years
out what they are doing. But many teens think, 'The day your
ago people kept in touch by phone. Texting,
mum sends you a friend request, you know it's time to
Tw eeting w ith Twitter, m a k in g a S k y p e ™
leave!' and want a social network that will keep them
video call and em ailin g didn't exist or weren't
separate from their family.
widely used. But today things are different and
Facebook has become the world's favourite way Currently, Twitter may have an advantage over
to keep in touch with colleagues, catch up with Facebook, at least for younger users. Like many
friends and family or track do w n people you social networks, it updates its image regularly, it is
have lost touch with. But is its popularity making more dynamic, posts are shorter and news spreads
it uncool? more quickly there. But for how long? Who
knows what the next platform will bring?
Facebook began life at Harvard University
All the ones we know now may be out of
and was initially only open to students. Mark
date by the time you read this!
Zuckerberg, who started the platform, wanted
Facebook to make the world more open and
connected. He hadn't planned on it being a F A C T ! The number of Facebook
successful company. Interestingly, it is now more users will soon be bigger than the
population of China.
Reading An article
1 Work with a partner. Look at the photo Explore communication phrases and
and the title of the article. What do phrasal verbs
you think the article will be about?
1 The success of social networks 4 Match the highlighted words and phrases in the article
with the definitions.
2 How social networks have changed the
world 1 four verbs describing different forms of communication/
3 The changing popularity and identity of expressions using technology
social networks 2 two expressions meaning to a) maintain contact and b) not
maintain contact with people
2 © Ш 0 Read the article and check 3 two phrasal verbs meaning to a) find a person you have not
your answer. seen in a long time and b) find out some news about them
4 one verb meaning to talk casually or talk on a social network
3 Read the article again. Are these ^ Vocabulary bank • page 111
sentences true or false? Correct the
false sentences.
According to the article ...
1 the first social network appeared 25 years How do you prefer to keep in touch with friends and
ago.
family? Put these in order of preference. Compare your
2 people all around the world use answers.
Facebook.
• Telephone call • Skype™, FaceTime or similar
3 Facebook was originally for students.
• Social network (e.g. • Texting
4 a lot of teens are happy to have their
Facebook) • instant messaging
parents as Facebook friends.
5 Twitter is better than Facebook for finding I don't like making telephone calls anymore, it's like
out about news. you're always interrupting somebody when you call.
6 the blogger is sure about what will be the
social network of the future.
agree! And Facebook is more fun too!
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2 What's your favourite gadget? Ask and answer with your partner.
3 О 'ш ш Listen to Casey talking to a sales assistant. 5 © И З Listen again and check your
What does he want to buy? answers.
4 Complete the conversation with the useful language. 6 Work with a partner. Practise the
conversation in Exercise 4.
Useful language
7 Work with a partner. Plan your own
How much memory ... ?
conversation. Use the ideas below and
Can you tell me about th is... ?
Exercise 4 to help you.
How long does the battery last?
Has it got a(n)... ?
Could you show me ... ?
What's (the sound) like?
Is it (easy to use)?
18 megapixels; optical
zoom up to 20 tim es bigger;
video with great sound;
easy to use; high speed;
autom atic W iF i connection;
com es with 8G B m em ory card;
buy batteries separately.
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1 Read Kris's review of headphones. Does she think they are good?
Useful language
PLAN
Describing a product
When we write a product review, we include phrases for Choose a product to write
describing a product. an online review of. Use the
• They are made o f metal. * It comes in black or red. headings in Exercise 2 and make
• You can use it to change songs. notes.
WRITE
3 Look at the Useful language box. Find other phrases
Write your review. Use your
in the review that describe the headphones.
notes from Exercise 5 and the
model text to help you.
4 Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.
Celebrate in style
«Discovery F n iJT A TIO N ^
V o ca b u la ry U n it aim s
• Celebrations I can ...
• Verbs and prepositions • talk about a celebration. • What do you think the
• Descriptive adjectives • understand magazine articles about celebration is about? Why?
• Words in context special celebrations in different countries. • Would you like to join in the
L a n g u a g e fo cu s • use -ing and infinitive forms correctly. celebration? Why/Why not?
• -ing form s • understand a travel programme about
• Infinitives
festivals around the world.
• Infinitives vs. -ing forms
• make offers and requests.
• write a description of a celebration.
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Vocabulary Celebrations
©ШОВ Look at the activities (a-h) and the photos (1-2). Where would you expect
each activity to happen? The carnival, the prom or both? Then listen and repeat.
a set off fireworks e play music
b put up decorations f give a present
с make special food g hold a contest
d dress up for the occasion h have a good time
Photo 1: s e t off firew orks..
D Different them es
These events usually include making Some parties can have different themes depending
special food, having a DJ or live band, on tastes. Students might agree on organising
dancing and setting off fireworks. Some a Roman theme, for example, or a 60s theme -
schools work with others to hold mega students dress up in clothes from this period in
prom parties in hotels. Everybody dresses time.
up for the occasion. The boys wear formal
evening suits with brightly coloured ties
and the girls wear traditional evening Then in the USA there are anti-proms called
dresses and beautiful jewellery. Students MORPs (that’s PROM backwards!). The kids
can spend weeks preparing for the organise it themselves so the party is cheaper and
parties and the cost to the school can be more informal. These teens don’t agree with the
enormous. Hiring DJs, organising food and amount of money spent on the preparations and
reserving hotels can often cost a fortune. like to be seen as different. Without any adults to
tell them when to stop, the kids party all night and
carry on the next day. It can take a long time to
Some teens rent limousines to take them recover from all the fun.
to the party and enjoy acting like film stars
arriving at the Oscars. In traditional prom
parties there is usually a formal meal, Not everyone looks forward to becoming an adult
speeches and ballroom dancing. It’s a bit but at proms you can certainly celebrate it in style!
like a wedding - only everyone is younger. Whether you enjoy going to a traditional prom or a
morp, it doesn’t matter - whatever you do, make
sure you have a good time!
0Ш Ш Ш
Remember to use the correct preposition
after certain verbs and before the -ing form.
I dream about finishing school.
I'm thinking about having a party.
Ш
1 I enjoy. going . to parties but not late-night ones! know any festivals wl
2 I'm looking forward t o .... my studies - I want to start
work soon.
3 .... a teen is great fun - I don't want to become an adult yet!
4 I don't believe in .... lots of money on a party - you can have re they and where are
a good time in other ways.
5 I'm not a big fan of parties, just.... friends for a chat is great.
6 I like.... for new clothes - it's part of getting ready for a party.
^Discovery
W hat takes place at the festi’
C n iir A T If t N ^
7 .... birthday parties is great until you get really old!
8 .... about the future is something I do a lot.
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Grammar reference • page 104 Every year the Animb and Gaming
Convention is held over two days in
London. There are so many things to
do there, it's easy ’to get / getting
confused by everything. So, T o read /
reading the programme carefully is a good idea. First
of all, if you just want 3to go / going to the after
convention party, there's an option of T o buy / buying
that ticket separately. Meanwhile, there are classes
to help you draw Manga cartoons like a professional,
and there's a cinema where you can expect 5to see /
seeing the latest Manga films. If you enjoy T o game /
gaming, there are 200 games available. 7To dress up /
Dressing up on stage is also possible in the Cosplay
part of the convention. You can prepare for this by
®to look / looking at the convention's website, where
you can see all that's on offer. Finally, you can choose
9to go / going to concerts of different types of bands -
alternative, metal, J-pop. There's something for everyone,
but don't leave home without 10to book / booking your
place - tickets are limited!
Discover Culture d
Mexico
Acapulco
DiscoveryEDUCATION
d © n ? Watch the video again and complete
the sentences.
1 Acapulco is famous for its beaches and boating.
6.2 Like father, like daughter 1 2 The divers now dive from heights of up to ...
3 Cliff diving has been a men-only sport fo r ...
4 Iris's mother says that the most important thing is
© и з Watch the video and check your h e r...
answers to Exercise 1. What is the video 5 When she stands on the cliff before a dive, Iris
about? fe els...
a The history of cliff diving 6 Iris's record-breaking dive was from ...
b The dangers of cliff diving
с A changing family tradition
О ш в Are these sentences true or false? 5 Ask and answer with your partner.
Correct the false sentences. Then watch the 1 Would you like to try cliff diving? WhyAA/hy not?
video again and check your answers. 2 In what ways are you like your mother or father?
We see ...
1 a man climbing up steps to the top of a cliff. I definitely wouldn't want to try cliff
2 Jose Luis giving instructions to his daughter. diving, I think it looks too dangerous.
3 Iris's parents visiting her school.
4 Iris embracing her mother before a dive. I'm more like my father
5 lots of tourists watching Iris dive. than my mother because
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Reading
^ Work with a partner. Look at the photos plore words in context
How old are the people? What are they
Look at the highlighted words in the article
doing? What do you think they are celebrating?
and match them with the definitions.
1 popular 5 worries
© Ж Ш З Read the article and check your
answers. 2 start to know 6 not like anything else
3 photos 7 promise
Read the article again and choose the correct 4 lower your head in a 8 represent
options. greeting
1 Coming-of-age day in Korea has / doesn't have a
serious side.
2 Foreign people can only watch / watch and take 5 Ask and answer with your partner.
part in the ceremony.
1 What coming-of-age festivals exist in your country?
3 At one point in the ceremony, parents anc children
do similar / different actions. 2 Are they similar or different to the Korean festival?
4 The festival is both serious and fun / basically 3 How many people take part in them?
serious. 4 Are they losing or gaining popularity?
5 These days, young people can / can't choose 5 At what age are young people considered adults
between modern and traditional gifts. where you live?
6 The traditional festival is losing popularity / as 6 What can you do when you're an adult?
popular as ever.
We don't have a coming-of-age party,
you're an adult when you leave school.
South Korea
C O M I N G OF AGE
KOREAN STYLE
For sure! You can take lots of great snaps and, of course, there
It is because you can only celebrate this day once in your are the gifts you receive on your special day. For girls, the most
life. It is Korea's coming-of-age day: something traditionally popular presents these days include jewellery, bags, perfume
celebrated by both young men and women in the same year or cosmetics, while for boys, watches, electric shavers or
that they turn twenty years old. After this serious and special aftershave are all well-liked. However, some girls still prefer the
day, these ex-teenagers will be adult members of society. In the three traditional presents - perfume, flowers and a kiss.
ceremony, they become aware of the importance of being an The perfume signifies 'Please remember me', the flowers
adult and leading the future of Korea. represent happiness and beauty, and the kiss, love.
What's the worst party you've ever been to? Ask and answer with your partner.
3 ©ШЗЗ Listen to Helen and her friend Andy. 5 ф Ш Listen again and check your answers.
What does she have to do?
6 ЩЬ Work with a partner. Practise the
4 Complete the conversation with the useful conversation in Exercise 4.
language.
1 ^ Decide if each sentence is an offer or a
request. Then work with a partner. Take turns
to make offers and requests and respond.
Offers Requests
I'll help you if you like. Could you (ask your mum 1 Shall I lend you my camera? offer
to )... ? 2 Could you make a birthday cake?
Shall I lend you ... ? Would you come to ... ? 3 I'll chop the vegetables if you like.
Can I help you ... ? Could I borrow your... ? 4 Can I help you with the decorations?
5 Would you organise the music?
Helen: It's my birthday party next week and I 8 ЩЬ Work with a partner. Plan your own
haven't done anything yet! conversation. Use the ideas below and
Andy: Don't worry! \.[’H help you if you like. Exercise 4 to help you.
What needs doing?
Helen: Well, I haven't organised the music yet. S itu a tio n 1
Andy: 2 ... my MP3 player and speakers? You a re o rg a n isin g a
Helen: I'll use my MP3 player b u t3 ... your p ic n ic in th e c o u n try
speakers? They're bigger than mine. w ith y o u r frie n d s. You
Andy: No problem. What about food?4.... make n e e d h elp ! You n e e d
a list for the supermarket? to think about: food;
Helen: Sure, but I need to decide what *o get firstl d rin k s; m usic; g a m e s;
Andy: What about snacks and pizza? tra n sp o rt.
Helen: That's a good idea.5.... your mum to make
that home-made pizza? It's so good!
Andy: OK.
S itu a tio n 2
Helen: Great! S o ,6 ... to the supermarket and help
You a re o rg a n isin g a
me buy some things?
fiv e-a-sid e football
Andy: Sure. Everything's organised now. I told
to u rn a m e n t at y o u r
you not to worry!
sch o o l. You n e e d h elp !
You n e e d to th in k ab o u t:
o rg a n isin g a th le te s /
team s; d rin k s; fo o d at th e
e n d ; p rize s.
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Writing A description
A g r e a t family party!
My grandparents were born on exactly the same day. and last
July they were 70, so we had a party with family, friends and
neighbours. It was in their garden, because their house is too
small, so we hired a big ten t in case of rain. We did everything
ourselves: my mum made the food, and my cousins and I put up
the decorations. Getting everything ready took days!
The day of the party was sunny. First, we had lunch - the food was so delicious! After lunch, we
watched a film my aunt had made with photos and video of my grandparents’ lives. Then my little
brother played Happy Birthday on his guitar. He was so nervous, although hed practised for
weeks! My grandparents loved it, so he played it again, and we all sang.
Later everyone danced to 6 0 s pop music. The party was amazing! I wanted to dance all night
but I was too tired.
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Mission,
possible? p77
тмш
Describing
mistakes p82
CLIL Lions in
danger p121
BE CURIOUS
What can you see in the photo? "
. ■ -.Jr.
Vocabulary Unit arms Start thinking
* Story elements I c a n ...
• What kind of story does this
® Prepositions and adverbs « talk about a story I've enjoyed.
picture come from? /§
of m ovem ent * understand a plot summary and an article
«■ Linking phrases about an unusual place to live. • Why is the knight w earing Ы
« W ords in context * talk about imaginary situations in the past armour?
Language focus and give possible explanations for past к • Do you enjoy stories about
events. H k characters like these?
e Third conditional
* understand a podcast about a local legend.
® must have, can't have,
might/may/could have * use appropriate phrases to get more
information.
* write a story.
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Vocabulary S to ry e le m e n ts
1 © Ш Ш Match the story elements in the box with the definitions (1-8).
Then listen, check and repeat.
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wouldn't ha v e be e n
h a d n ’t been
had changed would have changed had talked
would you have said
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Discover Culture
Ж Work with a partner.
Look at the photos. How do
you think they are linked?
A mummy
A grave
Archaeologists
Reading A m a g a z in e article
© Work with a partner. Look at the plore words in context
photos. Who do you think lived in
these houses? How long ago did they Match the highlighted words in the article with the
definitions.
live there? Why did they build their
houses in this way? 1 a complicated system of paths where you can easily get lost
2 a deep valley with very steep rock sides
Read the magazine article and 3 a place where someone lives - a home
check your answers. 4 people who move to live in a new country or continent
5 the line that separates two countries or states
Read the article again. Find a factual
mistake in each sentence below.
1 The Mesa Verde National Park is in
Mexico.
Imagine you lived in one of the cliff dwellings 1,000 years
ago. What would your everyday life have been like?
2 The Pueblo people lived there for nearly
700 years. There wouldn’t have been any electricity.
3 The word pueblo means build.
Work with a partner. Compare your ideas in Exercise 5.
4 The Balcony House is made up of 10
Would there have been any advantages to life as one of
rooms.
the Pueblo people?
5 The only door is at the end of a tunnel.
6 The Pueblo people used ladders and ropes
I think it might have been fun to climb in
because they enjoyed climbing.
and out of the houses every day!
PUEBLO PEOPLE
OF THE f o u r c o r n e r s
^Colorado
/ К New
Mexico
Mesa Verde National Park covers more than 80 square The Cliff Palace is the largest Pueblo cliff dwelling in the
miles of the Four Corners region of the United States, park. It's best seen from above, where the building will leave
where the borders of Utah, Colorado, Arizona and you thinking about how these people could have built such
New Mexico meet. It was once the home of the Pueblo complex houses. The most interesting of all the houses is the
people, a Native American civilisation famous for its Balcony House. It is made up of 40 rooms, connected by long,
amazing cliff dwellings. The best examples of these narrow tunnels and built around a series of shared spaces and can
incredible homes can be seen in the walls of the park's only be visited with a guide. You have to be ready to climb - the only door
spectacular canyons. into the house is at the top of a ten-metre high wooden ladder! When the Pueblo
people lived here, they would have entered their homes by climbing ladders and
The Four Corners is a landscape of extremes - hot
ropes up the steep cliff wall. Once inside, they would have pulled the ladder into
and dry in summer, covered in snow in winter. It isn't
the house in order to protect themselves from enemies.
an easy place to live, but the Pueblo people made
their home here and farmed the land for over 700 Exploring the maze of tunnels and rooms, you really start to understand what life
years, from 600 to 1300 AD. They built complicated must have been like for the Pueblo people so long ago. As you stand at the edge
'villages' (their name comes from the Spanish word for of the cliff, looking down into the canyon below and listening to the silence of
village, pueblo) where hundreds of people shared the nature, it's easy to imagine that you have travelled back in time.
protection of their strong stone walls. Early European r ,M ......... .......... — ч
settlers in North America were amazed by their F A C T ! The Pueblo people's houses in Charco Canyon
building ability. were the tallest buildings in the USA until the 19th century.
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1 © 1 Ш Watch or listen to the teenagers. Order the mistakes they talk about.
a not getting a place с not sleeping e losing football matches
b not going on a holiday d lots that I've learned from f not saying sorry
2 p i What's the biggest mistake you've ever made? Ask and answer with your partner.
Useful language
Did your mum know?
Did she say anything?
That was lucky!
Oh no! So then what happened?
Really - why was that?
5 © Ш 8 3 Listen again and check your answers.
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Hi Joel,
How are things? You’ll never guess what happened to me and my
brothers yesterday! We went for a bike ride in the country and we
were chatting and laughing when, suddenly, a dog ran across the
road right in front of us. Obviously, we tried to stop, and Robbie
and I crashed into each other. Fortunately, we were okay, but Nick
wasn’t so lucky. He stopped so quickly that he fell off his bike and
hit a wall at the side of the road. He hurt his arm and his back.
If he’d seen the dog just a few seconds earlier, he’d have had
time to stop safely.
Luckily, we had our mobiles, so we called our parents. We had to
wait a long time, and Nick looked awful. He must have been in a
lot of pain. Eventually, my parents arrived and took Nick to hospital,
Amazingly, he only had a broken wrist. It was a shock, but it could
have been much worse!
What’s your news?
Theo
\ _________________
Adverbs PLAN
We use adverbs in stories to link ideas together and to make a
story more dramatic and interesting. 5 Plan a story about an event
• ... when, suddenly, a dog ran across the road. in your life (or invent one).
• We called my parents immedia tely. Make notes on the questions in
• Eventually, they arrived. Exercise 2.
WRITE
3 Look at the Useful language box. Find four other 6 Write your story. Use your notes
adverbs like this in the email. from Exercise 5 and the model
text to help you.
4 Match the beginnings and the ends of the sentences
and join them with an adverb from the box.
CHECK
fortunately eventually obviously luckily amazingly 7 Can you say YES to these
questions?
1 They walked for a long a upset. • Have you explained what
time but b he didn't hurt himself, happened clearly using the
2 We saw the wild cats but с they arrived at the questions in Exercise 2?
3 James crashed his quad campsite, ♦ Have you used adverbs to make
bike into a tree but d we won £1,000! the story more interesting?
4 She was crying and e they didn't see us.
5 We'd never bought a
lottery ticket before but
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Right or wrong?
1 *
«Discovery P П И Г AT IП N
*V ,
Vocabulary C rim es
1 ф ш Match the words in the box with the photos (a-h).
Then listen, check and repeat.
Read the stories again and choose the 5 Read the three stories again. What lesson can we
correct options. learn from each one? Make notes.
1 The bank robber made a mistake because he In the first story, the lesson is that social media can cause
told reporters / his friends about the crime. you problems. People tell everybody everything...
2 He told people about the crime before /
before and after it happened. 6 Work with a partner. Discuss your ideas from
3 It was silly to use a €30 note because they Exercise 5.
aren't real / often used.
4 The shopkeeper discovered the fraud I think the lesson in the third story is
im mediately / after the event. that you can't trust a police officer.
_________ J
5 The Scottish police officer was honest /
dishonest. I don't agree, I think it's
6 Mr Tarrant had forgotten about / returned
more about honesty, you
for the money.
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йЩ
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Language focus 2
Reported questions indirect questions
1 Complete the examples from the listening on 4 Complete the examples from the listening on
page 88. page 88.
irect questions Reported questions Direct questions Indirect questions
Were you scared? I also 1. him if he'd been What did you discover ... you tell us what you
scared. there? discovered there?
How did you catch the I asked him how he 2.. the Give us more details James, I w as2 ... you could
robber? robber. about the crime, James. give us more details about
the crime.
Why is James's evidence I asked the police why
so important? James's evidence 3... so
important. Look at the direct and indirect questions in
Exercise 4 again and complete the rules.
Look at the direct and reported questions in In indirect questions, ...
Exercise 1 again and complete the rules. 1 we use / don't use the auxiliary verbs do or did.
In reported Yes/No questions, we use if I when. 2 we use / don't use if in Yes/No questions.
The word order is the same / different in direct 3 we use the word order of a statement / question.
and reported questions.
We use indirect questions in order to
The tense changes / doesn't change in reported
a check we've understood,
questions. b be polite.
Reported questions have / don't have question
marks.
Grammar reference • page 106
Grammar reference • page 106
6 Write indirect questions for the witness of
Look at the police officer's questions. Put a robbery. Add two more questions using your
the words in order to complete the reported own ideas.
questions. 1 What's your name?
'What time did you leave home?' (home / had / Could you tell me what your name is?
w hat/she/tim e / left) 2 How old are you?
He asked her what tim e she had le ft home 3 What happened?
'Were you alone?' (been / if / she / alone / had) 4 When did the robbery take place?
He asked her.. . . 5 Did you do anything to try to stop the robbers?
'Do you have a criminal record?' (record / if / had / 6 When did the police arrive?
she / criminal / a) 7 Were you frightened?
He asked her . . . . 8 Did anybody else see the incident?
'Did anybody see you?' (her / seen / had /
anybody / if) ^ Say it right! • page 97
He asked h e r .....
'Why didn't you call the police immediately?'
(hadn't / she / called / immediately / why /
the police) 7 Imagine a crime has taken place in your area
He asked her and that you saw it. Make notes.
8 Work with a partner. Student A is a police
officer and Student В is a witness. Use the
questions in Exercise 6 to ask and answer
about what you saw. Then swap roles.
_____________
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f 1
? Discover Culture
1 © Work with a partner. Look at the 5 © 1 j B Choose the correct words. Then watch the
photo and answer the questions. video from 00.48 to 01.05 and check your answers.
1 Are there many women police officers in your 'I may be a woman on the outside, I may appear to be
country? WhyAA/hy not? very ’careful / gentle, but I'm a lot 2to u gh e r/ harder
2 Why do you think more men do this kind of than I look. I'm just as capable as my male Colleagues /
companions, and I've got the ''strength / guts to face
down hardened bsuspects / criminals.'
2 О ШШ What kinds of problems do you Ask and answer with your partner.
think a female police officer in China
1 Why do you think the video is called Future directions?
might face? Watch the video and check
your ideas. 2 Would you like to try Jolene’s job? WhyA/\/hy not?
3 Which jobs do you think women do better than men?
Why?
3 Test your memory. Which activities did you
see Jolene, the police officer, doing in the I think it's called Future directions
video? because ...
a shopping in a supermarket
b practising martial arts I definitely wouldn't want to try
с interviewing a suspect Jolene's job because ...
d washing clothes by hand
e walking in the hills
f putting a suspect into a car
g holding down a fellow police officer
h running after a suspect
Watch or listen to the teenagers. Match the person people to the lie.
What's the biggest lie you've ever been told? Ask and answer with your partner.
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In th a t tim e, m usic sales have fallen by m ore than half. In fact, in the USA last year only
about one th ird o f online m usic w as actu ally paid ior, w ith ju s t under 95 m illio n illegal
dow nloads. The m usic com panies in sist th a t th is has caused serious problem s, not
ju s t fo r m usicians and son gw riters but fo r m any other in du stry w orkers. One study has
sho w n th a t ap proxim ately 7 0 ,0 0 0 jobs and w e ll over $ 2 .5 biilion have been lost.
2 Read the article again and make notes about why illegal
downloading is ...
1 so worrying. 2 a bad thing. 3 falling.
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4 Put the words in order to make reported or A: This isn't my bracelet actually. It's my mum's.
indirect questions. B: Does she ’know / happen you've got it?
1 'Where are you from?'
She / him / he / from / was / asked / where C: Is it 2true / real that you're moving to Italy?
2 'Did you see anything?' D: Those rumours are completely 3jo kin g / false.
asked / They / anything / seen / had / 1/ if / me
E: I lost my smartphone but someone found it.
3 'What is your address?'
F: That was 4fortune / lucky!
us / you / what / is / address / your / Could /tell
4 'Was there any noise?'
G: I borrowed my sister's bike without telling her.
asked / if / He / been / any noise / there / had
H: Oh no! Did she say 5tell / anything?
5 'Where is the safe?'
where / know / you / is / the safe / Do
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Say it right 1
Unit 3 C ontracted form s in 6 If you didn't need to study this evening, what
would you do instead?
th e fu tu re continuous
1 © Ш Ш Listen and repeat.
3 © Ж Ж Й Listen, check and repeat.
1 In 20 years' time, we'll be doing everything via our
4 Practise saying the questions in Exercise 2 with
smartphones.
the correct stress and intonation.
2 By the end of the next century, we won't be
driving cars that use petrol.
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3 ©
Ш ЗListen, check and repeat.
З
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Grammar reference
Starter U nit Word order in questions
• We form most questions with (question word) +
Past simple vs. past continuous
auxiliary verb + subject + main verb phrase.
• We use the past simple to talk about completed How long do they spend online every day?
events and actions in the past. Are you going to the concert with friends
Daniel visited Ita ly two ye a rs ago. tomorrow?
• We use the past continuous to talk about actions in • When we form questions with be in the present and
progress at a certain time in the past. past simple, we use (question word) + be + subject.
A t eight o ’clock, I was waiting for the train. Where were you yesterd a y?
• We also use the past continuous with when and while A re you worried about something?
to describe the situation when something happened.
When we arrived, Granddad was sleeping on the Subject/object questions
sofa.
• We don't use an auxiliary verb when the question
While we were getting ready to go out, it s ta rte d
word is the subject.
raining.
Who gave you th a t pen? ( ‘Karl gave me it.’)
What makes you happy? ('Spending tim e with my
Present perfect and past simple friends makes me happy. )
• We use the past simple to talk about actions and • We use an auxiliary verb when the question word is
experiences that happened in a time period that has not the subject.
finished. What did you do a t the weekend? ( ‘We went
In 2 0 0 9 , my little s is t e r was born. shopping and fo ra pizza.)
• We use the present perfect to talk about experiences Who do you want to win the football m atch? (7 want
and facts in the past that happened in a time period Liverpool to win.)
that isn't finished.
S h e ’s bought a lot o f new clothes th is year. Present perfect with ever, never, for and
• We also use the present perfect when the exact time since
of a past action is not mentioned or important.
• We often use ever in present perfect questions when
You’ve left the light on in your room.
the exact time isn't important. We put ever directly
after the subject.
Present perfect with still, yet, already and Has she ever helped you with your homework?
just
• We often use never to say 'not at any time'. We put
We use still with negative verbs to express that never between have/has and the past participle.
something we expected has not happened, but He’s never been to New York.
imagine it will happen in the future. We put still • We use for and since with the present perfect to
directly after the subject. say how long something has been true. We use for
David s till hasn’t te xte d me about th is weekend. with periods of time, and since with a reference to a
• We use yet with negative verbs to emphasise that specific time.
something we expected has not happened. We put S h e ’s lived here for seven years.
yet after the complete verb phrase. He’s worked here since 2 0 0 7 .
Lauren hasn’t asked her parents about the
p a rty ye t. Present perfect questions
• We also use yet in questions to ask about things we
don't think have happened. • To for in questions in the present perfect, we use
Have you bought tick e ts for the football match y e t? (question word) + have/has + subject + past participle.
• We use already to explain that something happened Has John asked you about borrowing your sleeping
before we expected or to emphasise it has happened. bag?
Why have you brought sandwiches?
We usually put already between have/has and the past
participle. Have they arrived y e t?
Have you ever been to Australia ?
Hurry up! Ja m es and Lily have aiready arrived.
• We use just with the present perfect to talk about very How long has she lived in Brazil?
recent events and actions. We put just between have/
has and the past participle.
I’veju s t heard th a t you won the race. Well done!
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Grammar reference
U nit 1 Past perfect
used to and would l/You/He/She/lt/We/You/They had
expected it.
I/You/He/She/It/We/You/They hadn't
l/You/He/She/lt/We/You/ used to
wear jeans, Had l/you/he/she/it/we/you/they expected it?
They would
Yes, l/you/he/she/it/we/you/they had.
l/You/He/She/lt/We/You/ didn't use to
wear jeans. No, l/you/he/she/it/we/you/they hadn't.
They wouldn’t
l/you/he/she/it/we/ • We form the past perfect with had + past participle.
Did use to wear jeans? Id seen the film before, so I was bored.
you/they
Yes, l/you/he/she/i t/we/you/th ey • We use the past perfect when we are talking about
did.
the past, but want to go back to an earlier time.
No, l/you/he/she/it/we/you/t hey didn't.
Jack didn’t want to come with us because he’d been
used to emphasises that past habits and states are there last year.
now finished. • We do not use the past perfect simply because
They used to go swimming on Tuesdays. something happened a long time ago. We use it with
We use would to describe past habits, but not states. other past tenses to make the order things happened
When I was a baby, my parents would take me fora clear.
walk every afternoon. Ashley didn’t get the email because I had typed
Ash_55, not Ash-55.
We do not use useid to or would to talk about things • We put question words at the beginning of the
that only happened once, or to say how many times question.
something happened. How far had you walked before you realised you were
Last year, I went to France. lost?
France.
Yesterday, I called him three times. - 3 Complete the sentences with the past perfect
form of the verbs in the box.
We put question words at the beginning of the
question. go not-tetl notw in not meet
What games would you play when you were younger? miss not remember
Grammar reference 99
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Grammar reference
Unit 2 2 Complete the sentences with the present
perfect simple form of the verbs in brackets.
Reflexive pronouns and each other
1 You've forgotten (forget) your password twice this
Grammar reference
U nit 4 Second conditional with could and might
First conditional with if, when and unless
- '/Ь&ю&ШеШ&вШйы
|ниирвнвивцнвв& , (if + past simple) (would/might/could +
infinitive)
(if + present simple) (will/won't/may/might +
I would/might/could ask
infinitive) If I knew him,
him.
If you make lunch, I'll cook dinner.
I wouldn't /might not/
If you don't make lunch, I won't cook dinner. If I didn't know him,
couldn't ask him.
Grammar reference
U nit 5 Complete the future predictions with the
passive. Use the verbs in the box and will (not).
The passive: present simple, past simple
and will do elect not wear build not fly
• We use the passive when we don't know or are not
interested in who does an action. 1 In2 01 7,allfarm w o rk. will be done by robots.
• To form the passive, we use the appropriate form of 2 In 2019, glasses.... because people will have high
be + past participle. resolution bionic eyes.
Millions o f emails are se n t everyday. 3 In 2020, the first 10km high skyscraper.....
(present simple - ат/is/are) 4 In 2025, aeroplanes.... by pilots, computers will fly
Ethan wasn’t invited to the party. them.
(pa st simple - was/were) 5 In 2030, the first world government.....
The fridge will be repaired tomorrow.
(will + be) Relative pronouns and clauses
• We use the present simple passive to talk about facts
• We use relative clauses to make clear the person,
in the present.
place or thing we are talking about.
In the USA, 2 .5 million p la stic bottles are thrown
My aunt has a friend that makes lovely candles.
away every hour.
• We use relative pronouns at the beginning of relative
• We use the past simple passive to talk about facts in
clauses. We do not repeat the subject pronoun.
the past.
We know a lot of people who live in the village.
L a s t year, all the lights a t school were fitted with
Weknowa io t of people who they live in the village:
more efficient LED light bulbs.
• We use who or that to talk about people.
• We use will with the passive to talk about future facts
The man who/that lives next door to us spends
and actions we believe will happen in the future.
every day in the garden.
Exam re su lts will be emailed to stu d e n ts next week.
• We use where to talk about places.
• We use by with the passive to show who was
That’s the office where my mum works.
responsible for an action.
• We use which or that to talk about things.
The book was written by an expert in recycling.
I really don’t like films which/that have sad endings.
• To form questions, we use the appropriate form of be +
• We use whose to talk about possessions.
past participle. We put Wh- question words before be.
Do you remember the name of the guy whose phone
Was the light bulb really invented by Edison?
charger I borrowed last week?
Where is the m ost coffee drunk in the world?
• To form short answers to Yes/No passive questions,
3 Complete the sentences with relative
we use the appropriate form of be:
pronouns.
Is much e le ctricity saved with these light bulbs?
Yes, it is. /No, it isn ’t. 1 That's the g u y . who works in the cafe in
Was it invented by a famous s c ie n tist? King Street.
Yes, it was./No, it wasn’t. 2 I know a girl.... dad sells old books.
• To form short answers to Yes/No future passive 3 She wants something .... she can use to keep her
questions, we use will/won't photos in.
Will the bottle to ps be recycled? 4 William really liked the present.... we gave him.
Yes, they will. /No, they won’t. 5 They went to the park.... the tennis courts are.
6 The man and woman .... are eating ice creams
Complete the text. Use the present simple know my parents.
or past simple passive form of the verbs in
brackets. Correct the error in each sentence.
The first crisps \ were created (create) in 1853 by a
1 This is the place which I bought my blue shirt.
restaurant chef in New York state. However, crisps 2 ...
where
(not sold) in bags for over 50 years, until the crisp bag
2 The woman whose wearing a blue top is my aunt.
3 ... (develop) by businesswoman Laura Scudder.
Flavoured crisps4 ... (not invented) until the 1950s. 3 I first saw it on a blog what I follow.
While a plain crisp contains only potatoes, oil and salt, 4 The invention that it changed the world was
a flavoured crisp 5 ... (make) with over 30 ingredients! the wheel.
In the UK, six billion bags of crisps6 ... (eat) each year. 5 I called the brother of the guy who mobile I found.
In the USA, crisps 7.... (not call) crisps, in fact, but 6 One thing which she told me it was very interesting.
'potato chips' are also very popular there. 680 million
kilograms8 ... (enjoy) each year around the world!
Grammar reference
U n it6 3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the
box in the -ing form after the preposition.
-ing forms
• For most -ing forms, we simply add -ing to the see remember sell go buy
infinitive.
finish - finishing tr y - trying 1 I thought we'd agreed on .Piping to the concert.
consider - considering 2 Your grandma is really looking forward t o .... you
• We need to make spelling changes to some verbs. at Christmas.
live - living write - writing 3 Conner's really bad a t .... to set the alarm clock.
lie - lying die - dying 4 My brother spends a lot of money on .... vinyl
chat - chatting plan - planning records.
• We use the -ing form as a noun, and to make noun 5 Juan was talking about.... his guitar last week.
phrases.
Swimming is great exercise. Infinitives
My favourite hobby is dancing.
• We usually use the infinitive with to after adjectives.
Being the o ldest child can be difficult sometimes.
You were lucky to get tick e ts for the match.
She thinks having a school prom is a terrible idea.
I’m very pleased to meet you!
• We use the -ing form after certain verbs and certain
• We use the infinitive with to after certain verbs.
expressions.
Kaitlyn offered to lend me her camera.
Sh e suggested buying the phone with the 1 3
We’ve decided to watch a film th is evening.
megapixel camera.
• Some common verbs which need an infinitive with
I don’t mind helping you p u t up the decorations.
to include agree, ask, choose, decide, expect, hope,
• Some common verbs and expressions which need
learn, offer, promise, seem, teach, wait, want and
an -ing form include be good/bad at, can't stand,
would like.
celebrate, don't mind, enjoy, hate, imagine, like, love,
• Some verbs usually need an object before the infinitive
miss, practise, recommend and suggest
with to.
• Some verbs can have an object before the -ing form.
My dad taught me to ride a bike.
We m iss you telling us jo k e s in class.
I didn’t invite Nathan to come with us.
They don’t like him singing in the shower.
• Some verbs can have an object before the infinitive
• We also use the -ing form after prepositions.
with to.
My d a d s not very good a t cooking, but he trie s very
They asked us to turn the music down.
hard.
S h e ’d like everyone to get here for 3 o'clock.
Sh e spends a lot o f money on going to concerts.
Complete the sentences with the infinitive
Complete the sentences with the -ing form
form of the verbs in brackets.
of the verbs in the box.
1 It's great .to.see (see) you again.
shop worry be see wait 2 I was really surprised .... (win) first prize!
3 We're sorry.... (hear) you're not feeling well.
1 Pein g the youngest child is great.
4 I'll be ready.... (go) out in 10 minutes.
2 .... isn't much fun when you don't have any
5 It's going to be difficult.... (finish) the project this
money.
weekend.
3 .... my sister win the race was amazing.
4 It's difficult sometimes, b ut.... doesn't help.
5 Complete the sentences with the infinitive
5 .... to get the results is terrible. form of the verbs in the box.
2 Complete the sentences with the -ing form of study go make spend get
the verbs in brackets.
1 My parents have promised .to p e t me a new
1 When I was younger, I loved riding (r de) my bike.
laptop for my birthday.
2 My dad suggested .... (get) the train, not the bus.
2 She's been learning .... jewellery.
3 I can imagine our band .... (play) in a stadium
3 My brother's chosen .... to university in Rome.
one day.
4 I'm planning .... a year travelling the world when
4 Our teacher recommended.... (watch) the film
I leave school.
after we finished the book.
5 We agreed .... together, so when are you free?
5 She can't stand ....(dress up).
Grammar reference
U n ite • When we report questions with a question word, we
don't add an auxiliary verb and the word order is the
Reported statements same as in affirmative sentences.
• When we report somebody's words, we often have to He asked me what I’d done at the weekend. He asked
change the verb forms. me what had I done at the weekend.
• When we report Yes/No questions, we use if.
‘Didyou tell the truth?’
Present simple Past simple They asked him if he’d told the truth.
'I want a new bike.' She said (that) she wanted a • We don't use a question mark in reported questions.
new bike. ‘Where did you go after school?’
Present perfect Past perfect My parents asked me where I’d been after school.
'They've never told He said (that) they had never
anyone.' told anyone. Rewrite the questions as reported questions.
Past simple Past perfect 1 'Do you know anybody at this party?' They
'They spent the night You told me (that) they had asked me if I knew anybody at the party .
in a police cell.' spent the night in a police cell. 2 'How long will you be in Italy for Simon?' S h e .....
will would 3 'Joe, how much money did they steal?' H e ....
'They'll give us a book You told us (that) they would 4 'Can you tell me your password?' Dad .....
to read.' give us a book to read. 5 'What do you want for your birthday?' They.....
can could
'I can help him.' She said (that) she could help indirect questions
him.
• We often have to change other words too, such as
pronouns and time references.
Til show you the false passports tomorrow. Can/Could you tell me
He said he 'd show me the false passports the next Where is the where the bank is?
Can/Could I ask you
day. bank?
I was wondering where the bank is.
You didn't see me last weekend.
She told us that we hadn't seen her the weekend
before.
• We don't need to change the verb forms if the Can/Could you tell
you know this
situation is still true at the time of reporting, or is Do you know me if man?
imaginary. this man? Can/Could I ask you if
‘My name is Sophia.' I was wondering if you know this man.
She said that her name is Sophia.
‘If I committed a crime, I wouldn't talk about it • Indirect questions feel softer and more polite than
online.’ direct questions. In the first part of indirect questions,
He said that if he committed a crime, he wouldn’t we use fixed phrases such as Can/Could you tell
talk about it online. me ... ?, Do you k n o w ... ? and I was wondering .. ..
• When we form indirect questions with a question
1 Rewrite the reported statements as direct word, we don't add an auxiliary verb and the word
speech. order is the same as in affirmative sentences.
I was wondering where the kidnappers hid. Twas
1 He told us that he was very sorry. 'I am.very so rry .' wondering where did-t hebidnappers hide:
2 The police said they'd caught the criminals. • To form indirect Yes/No questions, we use if.
'W e .....' Can I ask you if you think she was brave?
3 Evan and Abby told me they could help me look
after my cousin. 'W e.....' Correct the error in each sentence.
4 I said that I would call him after 5 o'clock. ' I .....' 1 I was wondering ele you have this shirt in
5 We told her that he loved listening to music. a medium, if
'H e .....' 2 Can you tell us where is the market?
3 Excuse me, do you know what time it starts
Reported questions the film?
• When we report questions, we usually make the 4 I was wondering that you could help me.
same changes to the verb forms, pronouns and time 5 Can I ask you how long did you wait there?
references as when we report statements.
1 Look at the words in the box. Look at the 1 Look at the words in the box. Write true and
questions and write sentences. false sentences for you using the adjectives
1 What clothes do you like wearing? and prepositions.
2 What are your favourite items of clothing? I’m fascinated by time travel.
3 What sorts of clothes don't you like wearing?
2 Work with a partner. Say your sentences and
2 Compare your sentences with a partner. guess which are true and which are false.
1 Look at the words in the boxes. Match them to make compound nouns.
2 How many other compound nouns can you remember with the words in
the first box? Look back at page 15 and check your answers.
3 Use a dictionary to find other compound nouns with the words in the
first box.
Study tip
Use a dictionary to expand your vocabulary and check your spelling.
J
Vocabulary Bank 107
www.frenglish.ru
on on with together up up to
1 Look at the words in the box. Write sentences
about your friends and family.
My s is te r is a very determined person but she can 1 Turn to page 22. Look at the phrasal verbs for
be very impatient too. one minute.
2 Work with a partner. Talk about people you 2 Can you remember them all? Match the words
know. in the boxes to make phrasal verbs.
© Study tip
Use a dictionary to check the different forms a word has. It will help you to use
them correctly.
take advice take time 2 Look at the words below. Choose the correct
take exams take up word to make three more expressions with
take place take.
pleasure in to seriously
1 Look at the words in the box. Write an
example sentence for three of the expressions. 1 I take my homework very.... - 1spend two hours
You should take your time when you do your each night doing it.
homework or you’ll make a mistake. 2 I don't like James - 1think he takes.... hurting
people.
3 Alice has taken.... high school really well - she
absolutely loves it.
take something
seriously.
Папу takes hisjob verу
•seri■iously. ■s
Study tip
Use your dictionary to find examples of other common collocations and expressions.
v.
2 Compare your list with your partner. 3 Compare your sentences with a partner.
Talk about your favourite food.
1 Look at the words in the box. Write the words in the correct column.
3 Look at the text on page 47. How many of the prepositional phrases can
you find there? Check the others in a dictionary.
time
О Study tip
Write prepositional phrases in your notebook with the preposition in a different colour. It
will help you to remember them.
Vocabulary Bank ]
c atc h u p Look at the text on page 59. Can you find the
chat em ailin g verb that completes both collocations below?
k e e p in t o u c h m a k i n g a S k y p e '" v i d e o call ....the family together
lo s e t o u c h te x tin g .... an eye on someone
tra c k d o w n T w e e tin g w ith T w itter
Use a dictionary to check the meanings of
these phrasal verbs with keep.
1 Look at the words in the boxes. Write keep up with keep in with
sentences about how you communicate with
your friends and family.
I keep in touch with my grandparents by texting them.
Whenlmadenew
friends, I lost touch
Wlth my friends from
•Primary school.
Study tip
Write sentences that relate to your own life to help you remember words and phrases.
agree at
2 Look back at page 64 and check your answers.
arrive for
look forward to
3 Which verbs can be used with a different
prepare from preposition? Write example sentences.
recover on My dad works fo ra big company.
work with
1 Look at the words in the box. Which words 1 Look at the words in the box. Write sentences
describe ... about your list of heroes and villains using the
• people in a story? linking phrases.
• where the story takes place and what happens? Batman wore a black su it in order to disguise who
• the type of story it is? he was.
Darth Vader was in fa ct good when he was younger -
2 Talk to your partner. Can you make a list of he wasn’t always a villain.
famous heroes and villains from books or
films? Why were they so good or bad? 2 Work with a partner. Read your sentence
but don't say who the hero or villain is. Your
partner guesses the person.
o Study tip
Write simple sentences and draw diagrams in your notebook to help you remember
prepositions and adverbs of movement.
1 Look at the verb expressions in the box. Check the meaning of any
that you don't remember on page 91.
3 Work with a partner. Say your sentence but don't say the
compiJn
expression. Can you partner guess what it is?
- promise
THE AVERAGE
Social Science The history o f jeans A M E R IC A N
ow ns SEVEN jeansPF
1 © Work with a partner. Look at the photo and the fact.
Answer the questions.
1 Why do you think jeans are so popular?
2 How many pairs of jeans do you own?
3 In your family, who wears jeans and who doesn't? When do
they wear them?
2 © Ж Ш З Read the study notes about jeans in 3 Read the text again and answer the questions.
the 20th century. Which fact(s) do you find 1 Why were jeans the perfect clothes for difficult
most surprising? working conditions?
2 How did Hollywood first help to make jeans
popular?
Jean s were th e ideal
3 Why did teenagers copy the style of film stars?
clothes -for low-paid cowboys
4 What did hippies hope to achieve by
arid miners in th e American
wearing jeans?
West, where conditions were
5 What happened to the price of jeans when
h ard . Jean s were cheaper
international transport became easier?
a n d la s te d longer than other
trousers. This was Important
-for poor, hard-working men.
4 ©ЖШ Listen to a teacher and a group of
students. What factors influenced who wore
jeans?
Hollywood films turned cowboys Into
heroes. Hollywood gave life In the 5 ®1SS Work with a partner. Do you
American W est a more attractive image. remember what they said about each of the
M iddle-class Americans w anted to copy following areas? Listen again and check your
what they saw In th e films. answers.
• The economy * Class
Film I Г1 : • The film industry • The environment
5ta rs such as • The roles of men and women
Marlon Brando an d Jam es 5
Dean wore je a n s on screen a n d
s e t th e fashion for teenagers.
Teenagers w anted to show they 8 6 Work with a partner. Choose an item which
were d iffe ren t from their parents Я Щ you think reflects the 20th century and use it
a n d they u sed je a n s to do th is . : _______ Jg f to help you talk about social changes. Use the
Jean s turned into such a strong areas in Exercise 5 to help you.
symbol of rebellion th a t some schools, cinemas
& a n d restau ran ts banned them.
Better transport
routes between countries
Ц meant th a t jean s were \
KK m anufactured cheaply an d
prices fell. More people
could a ffo rd to buy them
a n d je a n s became an everyday item of
clothing all around th e world.
www.frenglish.ru
O iscovery
EDUCATION
VERTICAL FARMING
The benefits
Vertical fa rm in g works well because farm ers
have fu ll control of the growing conditions.
They control tem perature, food and water; 6 Work with a partner. Many people in the
so vertica l farm ers can grow crops all year world don't have enough food. Discuss with
long and alm ost anywhere in the world. a partner how vertical farming could help to
Furthermore, vegetables solve this problem.
grown in the city do not
have to be transported
as fa r to reach the shops.
This means the food is
delivered fresher and w ith
Learn about how we can eat healthily.
less transp ort, so there is
W hy do factories change food?
less pollution.
W hat should we check when we buy food?
W hat makes fruit tasty?
www.frenglish.ru
P assiv e h o m es a re sp e c ia l h o u se s w hich
u se th e s u n ’s h e a t to h e a t th e b u ild in g
a n d fre sh a ir to cool it.
Passive h o u ses usually h av e v e ry la rg e window s. In
fact, in c o o le r clim ates w hole w alls can b e m a d e of
g lass so that lots of sunlight sh in es into the house
a n d w arm s it. The w indow s m ust b e v e ry g o o d
4 © Ж Ш З Listen to two friends talking about
quality so that co ld air d o e s not e n te r the house their holidays. Which house sounds more
th ro u g h th e w indow s a n d w arm air d o e s not esc ap e. comfortable to stay in?
A rchitects h ave to d e s ig n th e h o u se s so th e air
h e a te d b y th e sun d u rin g th e d ay stays in sid e the
5 © Ш Ш Listen again and copy and complete
h o u se a n d k e e p s it w arm at night. They a re built
the table.
w ith thick w alls to sto p th e h e a t e sc ap in g . The
d irectio n th e b u ild in g faces is also im portant. The Passive house Grandmother's house
larg e w indow s are usually south facing so that the Heating 1.... central heating
sunlight can e n te r all th e w ay into the h o u se and
m ak e th e h o u se w arm .
Temperature always warm 2....
On 4thJuly many Americans gather in parks across the country to listen to the
Declaration of Independence read out by actors in typical 18thcentury clothes.
These re-enactments take them back in time to 1776, when the Declaration of
Independence was first read out loud.
Before 1776, there were 13 British colonies along the east coast of America. They were
ruled by the British and paid taxes to the British king, George III. Although many of
the people who lived in the colonies were originally from Great Britain, they did not
like being controlled by the British. In 1773, when a new tax was introduced on tea,
there was a protest in Boston, known as the Boston Tea Party. This important event
led to a war between the Colonies and Great Britain, known as the American War of
Independence, and eventually to the signing of the Declaration of Independence.
In July 1776, leaders from all 13 colonies met to agree on the Declaration of
Independence and create the United States of America. Copies were made of the
Declaration and sent to every colony where they were read out loud to the
people. This is what is acted out on 4thJuly.
However, the British Parliament did not accept this. It was not until 1783, after
more fighting, that the British accepted the independence of the colonies.
The re-enactments help Americans to remember that 4,hJuly is about living in
a country which believes,'All men are created equal'. They remember why the
Declaration states that everyone has the right to/life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness'. These words, written down in 1776, form some of the basic ideas that
American society was built on.
J CLIL
O iscovery
EDUCATION
ICT C o pyrig ht
© Work with a partner and answer
the questions.
1 How often do you listen to music or watch
films online?
2 Do you think CDs, DVDs, books and video
games are expensive? Why/Why not?
A presentation
Look Prepare
Look at the presentation about Stephen Sutton. 3 Work in pairs. Choose a famous young
Answer the questions. person who you admire. It could be a
1 Did Stephen have a normal life? sportsperson, entertainer, writer, etc.
2 Why was he called an inspiration? or someone brave like Stephen. Use the
Internet to research this person. Find out
Work with a partner. Based on the presentation in about their background and their main
Exercise 1, tick the sentences which describe how achievements and make notes on these
to give a good presentation. points. You should also include pictures of
1 You should put everything you are going to say on the
and, if possible, quotations by this person.
presentation slides or cards.
2 You need about 20 slides for a good presentation. 4 Prepare your presentation using a software
3 An image on each slide makes the presentation programme like Microsoft PowerPoint or
interesting. big pieces of card to hold up or stick to the
4 The slides should only contain key words or short notes.
board. Use your notes and pictures from
Exercise 3 and the advice from Exercise 2.
5 Three to five slides are enough for this topic.
6 You need to write the details about the key words or
notes on paper, ready to say them to your audience. Present
7 You can do a presentation using PowerPoint or cards
that you print or write on. 5 Give your presentation to the class.
8 You should read everything from the slides. Remember, you should say most of the
9 Give the audience a general idea about the person, information. You only need pictures and
then give some biographical details, then talk about main points on the slides. When every
their achievements. pair has finished, have a class vote on
10 The slides should be attractive, without much text but which of the young achievers is the most
with images to interest and educate the audience. impressive.
Project 123
www.frenglish.ru
> Project 2
An a dvertisem ent
Look Prepare
1 Look at the advertisement above and answer 3 Work with a partner. Advertise an invention.
the questions. • Search online for an invention that never
1 What is the product name? became popular.
2 What does the product do? • Find a picture or photo, or draw your
3 Do you think this is a real product? Why/Why not? own picture.
• Think of a name for the invention.
2 Read the advertisement again and answer • Write two sentences describing its benefits.
the questions. • Write 6 -8 features in notes, in a list.
1 How are the benefits of the product described? • Invent the name of a shop where it can be
2 How many features are there? bought, and a logo for your product.
3 How are the features described?
4 W hat other information is included? Present
4 Display your advertisements around
the classroom. Read your classmates'
advertisements. Make a list of the top three
inventions you would like to have.
124 Project
www.frenglish.ru
&
Project 3
A comic strip
Look Prepare
1 Read the comic strip above. Choose the correct 3 Work with a partner. Think of a crime that
words. might affect you.
1 The crime illustrated in the comic strip is online • Plan a comic strip to warn young people
th e ft/p iracy. about this crime.
2 The warninq is simple / difficult to understand. • Draw six boxes and a rough sketch of
3 This comic strip will / w on't teach young people the pictures.
about preventing online crime. • Add the dialogue.
• Make it funny if you can!
2 Choose do or don't to complete the sentences • Show it to another pair to see if they understand
about writing a comic strip. Compare your the warning.
answers with a partner. • Draw it again neatly on A3 paper.
1 Do / Don't include more than six boxes.
2 Do / Don't keep the pictures simple.
Present
3 Do / Don't try to make some of the pictures funny.
4 Do / Don't include lots of text. 4 Display your comic strip in your classroom.
Ask your class to read it. Ask them if they
understand the warning. Then discuss with
the class how to prevent the crimes happening
to you.
Project 125
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