Additional exercise

4.2 The derivative of a

function
1 Find the gradient of the graph of the function at the given value of x.

3
a y  :x 1
x

b y  x2  3x  2 : x  0

2x
c y  :x 2
x 1

2 Find the gradient function of f (x)  x2  x  3 .

3 Find the coordinates of the point on the graph of y  x2  2 where the gradient is 4.

4 Differentiate the following functions from first principles.

a f ( x)  2x 2  x  3

b f ( x)  x 3

5 A particle’s displacement is 10t  t 3 .

a Find an expression for the velocity.

b Find the velocity after 2 seconds and comment on what the sign means.

1
6 Find the point on the curve y  where the derivative is -1 and find the equation of
x 1
the tangents at this point.

7 Find any points on the curve y  x3  12x where the tangent is horizontal.

© Oxford University Press 2019 Additional exercise 1

 Additional exercise

Answers

3
lim  1  h  3
1 a Gradient =
h0 h

3  3  3h
lim1 h

h0 h
lim 3
 3
h  01  h

b Gradient =
2

lim h  3h  2   2 
h0 h

lim h2  3h

h0 h
lim
  h  3  3
h0

4  2h
lim 2  h  1  4
c Gradient =
h0 h

4  2h  4  4h
lim h 1

h0 h
lim 2
  2
h  0h 1

2
2 2

lim (x  h)  (x  h)  3  x  x  3 
h0 h

lim 2 xh  h2  h

h0 h
lim
 2x  h  1
h0
 2x  1

3 Gradient function is given by


lim  x  h   2  x  2
2 2

h0 h
lim 2 xh  h2

h0 h
lim
 2x  h
h0
 2x
x 2
and y  6

So coordinates are (2,6)

© Oxford University Press 2019 2

 Additional exercise

4 a f (x) 
lim 2  x  h  x  h  3  2x  x  3
2 2
 
h0 h

lim 4 xh  2h2  h

h0 h
lim
 4 x  2h  1
h0
 4x  1

lim
x h3  x 3
B f (x) 
h0 h


lim  x h3  x 3  x h3  x 3 
h0 h  x h3  x 3 
lim h

h 0h  x h3  x 3 
lim 1

h0  x h3  x 3 
1

2 x 3

5 a
lim 10 t  h  t  h  10t  t
33
 
h0 h

lim 10h  3t 2h  3th2  h3


h0 h
lim
 10  3t 2  3th  h2
h0
 10  3t 2

b Velocity =10-12=-2

Negative sign means it is travelling backwards.

1 1
lim 
6 Derivative = x  h 1 x 1
h0 h

h

=
lim  x  1  x  h  1
h0 h
lim 1
=
h  0  x  1  x  h  1
1

 x  1
2

So derivative =-1 when x=0

And y=1 so equation is y   x  2

© Oxford University Press 2019 3

 Additional exercise

7 Derivative =
3 3

lim  x  h  12  x  h   x  12x 
h0 h

lim 3x 2h  3xh2  h3  12h


h0 h
lim
 3x 2  3xh  h2  12
h0
 3x 2  12
3x 2  12  0 when x  2
So coordinates are (-2, 16), (2, -16)

© Oxford University Press 2019 4