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    Ionic bonding

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    5 views6 pages

    Ionic Bonding

    Uploaded by

    artkid234566

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    onic bonding occurs when two ions with opposite charges are attracted to one another. Ions are formed when atoms give away or take electrons to become happy. Atoms are “happy” when they have an empty or full valence shell. Valence electrons are the electrons found in the outside orbital of an atom. It would take too long to draw a Bohr-Rutherford diagram every time, so the number of valence electrons for most of the atoms we will use is found above their column in the periodic table. | have written these numbers on the periodic table below. For instance C would have 4 valence electrons. ‘We then can stop using Bohr-Rutherford diagrams and move on to using Lewis Dot Diagrams. These show only the valence electrons. For example the Lewis dot diagram for C would look as shown below. When you add the dots you add them at the for points of the compass in a clockwise direction. The reason is it will make what we do later much easier. . Stee s : ‘| ¢ ¢-C . 6: Try doing a few more. | will put the answers below. Try doing Lewis Dot Diagrams for: cl_omg 0 Ne Na 1 -O: -Ne: The great thing about Lewis Dot Diagrams is that they can be one for elements past the first twenty. After you know how to make Lewis dot diagrams you are ready to make ions. lons are charged atoms.Atoms have no charge because the number of protons (which are positive) and number of electrons (which are negative) are equal. To make an atom the electrons move so that the atom is happy. This means that the outer orbital (che valence orbital) has either 8 or O electrons in it The only exceptions to this rule are H and He which would both be happy with ewo valence orbital. Here are some examples. Na Ne” Where do these electrons come from and go to, Well to make an ionic compound you must have at least two elements and they work together to make each gther “happy”. For example: se Both elements are. erty, ond * £ Sodium loses one a7 Na Ce while CL Soins the e— ana ise. Another example with Mg and Cl MgAs Ch CueICu | This time we had to use two Cl in order to make all the

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