Intellectual

Property
Entrepreneurship
Introduction
Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property is a legal
concept that grants ownership
of creations of the mind of
inventors and artists

Its main purpose is to

encourage innovation and
artistic expression, providing
economic rights and benefits
 Examples

The patent for the first practical light bulb, attributed to Thomas
Edison, showcases the protection of technological innovation.

The Apple logo, a bitten apple, is a globally recognized symbol of

innovation and design.
IMPORTANCE
Intellectual Property (IP) rights encourage people to come
up with new ideas and share them because they know their
work will be protected.

These rights let creators manage how their creations are

used, which helps to create a world that appreciates and
supports new and creative ideas.
OBJECTIVES AND PROTECTION UNDER
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW

Intellectual Property laws exist for two main reasons: to

acknowledge and uphold the rights of creators and to motivate
the sharing and practical use of their ideas.

They ensure a balance between creators' rights and public access,

facilitating innovation and cultural exchange.
 NATURE OF
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
Legal Property
Intellectual property involves intangible creations
protected by laws, treating them as legal assets.

Example include patents, copyrights, trademarks, and

trade secrets.

Encourage creation
Encourages the creative people to involve in generation of
new concept, idea and knowledge that is valuable to the
society.

Gives social and economic value to the creators.

Economic Incentives
IP provides economic incentives by allowing creators to
control and profit from their intellectual creations.

Example a book author gets royalty on his creation.

Territorial Law
IP rights are subject to territorial laws, meaning protection
varies by jurisdiction.

Example: an author has written a book that can be studied

not only by national readers but also by readers of
international levels.
Exclusive Rights
Definition: Intellectual property grants exclusive rights to the owner, restricting
others from using the protected rights.

Implementation Challenges: Exclusive rights often require validation through

public laws to ensure practical enforcement.

Example: Patent holders have exclusive rights to their inventions, preventing

others from making, using, or selling the patented invention without permission.

Assignable Nature of Intellectual Properties

Assignment Methods: Intellectual properties can be transferred through contracts or
licenses.

Scope of Authority: Creators can grant permission for reproduction and distribution based
on mutually agreed terms.

Examples: A musician may license their music for use in a film, allowing reproduction and
distribution for a specified time and geographic region.
Independence
Existence of Multiple Rights: Different intellectual property rights can coexist
for the same type of object.

Symbolization: Distinct symbols or trademarks help separate and identify

various rights associated with similar objects.

Example: Various soft drink brands may have unique trademarks for quick
identification and market differentiation.

Possibility of Division
Legal Protection for Multiple Interests: Several individuals can have legally
protected interests in a single original work.

Time-Limited Value: Intellectual properties may have declining value over

time, leading to the possibility of division.

Example: An inventor registering a patent in Nepal can use it locally and

license it in other countries, maximizing the innovation's global potential.
 TYPES OF
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
 Patent Right and
Copyright
Patent Right
A patent is an exclusive right granted
for an invention, which is a product or
a process that provides, in general, a
new way of doing something, or
offers a new technical solution to a
problem.
Copyright
Copyright is a type of intellectual
property that protects original
works of authorship as soon as an
author fixes the work in a tangible form
of expression.
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
Industrial design is a kind of intellectual property that
gives an exclusive right to a person who has created a
novel appearance of a product. It protects the appearance
of a product, which results from attributes such as its
shape, colors, or materials. In a legal sense, an industrial
design constitutes the ornamental aspect of an article.
 Trademarks
A trademark is a recognizable sign,
design, expression, or logo that
distinguishes products or services
from others in the market. Its
primary purpose is to protect brand
identity and prevent consumer
confusion. Once registered, a
trademark grants the owner
exclusive rights to use that mark in
connection with specific goods or
services.
 Example

Coca-Cola's Logo and Name - The distinctive red

color, scripted font, and the name "Coca Cola"
are all trademarked. This means no other
beverage company can use a similar logo or
name that might cause confusion in the
market.
 Trade Secrets
Trade secrets refer to confidential
information that provides a business with
a competitive edge. This information
could be formulas, practices, designs,
processes, or any other confidential
business information that offers a
company a competitive advantage in the
market. Unlike patents or trademarks,
trade secrets are protected without any
registration process. Instead, they're
safeguarded through confidentiality
agreements and security measures.
 Example

The Recipe for Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) - KFC's

secret blend of eleven herbs and spices is a well-
guarded trade secret. The recipe is kept under lock
and key, known only to a few individuals within the
company, ensuring its exclusivity and competitive
edge in the fast-food industry.
THANK YOU!