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Jun 5, 2019
.2
Titration of a Weak Base with a Strong Acid o
Donate .3
Table of contents
A weak polyprotic acid is an acid that is usually considered as
weak acid in its monoprotic form (only one H+H+ in the
molecule), but instead has more than one H+ in the molecule,
.therefore making it a polyprotic acid
Introduction
An Arrhenius acid donates a proton (H+H+), so a polyprotic
acid donates protons. However, a polyprotic acid differs from a
monoprotic acid because it has more than one acidic H+H+, so it
has the ability to donate multiple protons. As a weak polyprotic
acid, it does not completely dissociate. Here are some examples
:of weak polyprotic acids
A triprotic acid: H3PO4H3PO4
strong base
There is a steep climb in pH before the first midpoint
in pH
pH steadies itself around the midpoint because the
Problems
Suppose you titrate the weak polyprotic acid H2CO3 with a .1
strong base, how many equivalence points and midpoints
?would result
How does pH relate to pKa at any point on the titration .2
?curve
Out of all the acid dissociation constants for the .3
dissociation of the protons for a weak polyprotic acid,
?which is the largest
Given .4
that Ka1=5.9x10−3Ka1=5.9x10−3 and Ka2=6.0x10−6Ka2
=6.0x10−6, calculate the pH after titrating 70 mL of 0.10
.M H2SO3 with 50 mL of 0.10 M KOH
Consider the titration of 30 mL of 0.10 M H2CO3 with 50 .5
mL of 0.10 LiOH. What would the pH be
if Ka1=6.0×10−3Ka1=6.0×10−3 and Ka2=5.9×10−7Ka2=
?5.9×10−7
Solutions
.Two equivalence points and two midpoints would result .1
pH relates to pKa in the equation pH=pKa+log[A−] .2
[HA]pH=pKa+log[A−][HA] for any point on the titration
curve except at the midpoint. At the
midpoint pH=pKapH=pKa
The acid dissociation constant of the first proton is the .3
.largest out of the successive protons
molH2SO3=Molarity∗Volume=0.10M∗0.07L=0.007molH .4
2SO3=Molarity∗Volume=0.10M∗0.07L=0.007
molKOH=Molarity∗Volume=0.10M∗.05L=0.005molKOH=Mol
arity∗Volume=0.10M∗.05L=0.005
After this titration, 0.002 mol H2SO3 remain and 0.005 mol
.HSO3- form
−H2SO3+H2O⇌H3O++HSO−3H2SO3+H2O⇌H3O++HSO3
Ka1=[H3O+][HSO−3][H2SO3]=5.9×10−3Ka1=[H3O+]
[HSO3−][H2SO3]=5.9×10−3
2.36×10−3[H3O+]=2.36×10−3=]+H3O[
pH=−log[H30+]=−log(2.36×10−3)=2.63pH=−log[H30+]=−log(
2.36×10−3)=2.63
molH2CO3=Molarity∗Volume=0.10M×0.03L=0.003molH2C .5
O3=Molarity∗Volume=0.10M×0.03L=0.003
molLiOH=Molarity∗Volume=0.10M∗.05L=0.005(2)
(2)molLiOH=Molarity∗Volume=0.10M∗.05L=0.005
After this titration, 0.002 mol HCO3- remain and 0.001 mol
.CO32- form
HCO−13+H2O⇌H3O++CO2−3HCO3−1+H2O⇌H3O+
−+CO32
Ka2=[H3O+][CO2−3][HCO−13]=5.9×10−7Ka2=[H3O+]
[CO32−][HCO3−1]=5.9×10−7
1.18×10−6[H3O+]=1.18×10−6=]+H3O[
pH=−log[H30+]=−log(1.18×10−6)=5.92pH=−log[H30+]=−log(
1.18×10−6)=5.92
References
Petrucci, et al. General Chemistry: Principles & Modern .1
Applications. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey:
.Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007
Barnum, Dennis W.; Predicting Acid-Base Titration .2
Curves without Calculations. Journal of Chemical
.Education 1999, 76 (7), 938
Hamann, S. D.; Titration behavior of monoprotic and .3
diprotic acids. Journal of Chemical
.Education 1970, 47 (9), 658
Contributors
Andrew Loberg (UCD), Heather Yee (UCD)