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LDOM Oracle VM for SPARC – Tutorial 1

FEBRUARY 18, 2014 BY LINGESH — 5 COMMENTS

SUN LDOMS aka Oracle VM for SPARC is a complete virtual machine that runs an independent operating
system and contains its own virtual CPU’s, Storage, Memory, Cryptographic and console. Unlike Solaris zones,
LDOMS can run its own operating system with di erent kernel patch levels. You can also install Solaris 8,
Solaris 9, Solaris 10 and Solaris 11 on LDOMS. LDOM also provides the OBP for each logical domains but we
won’t get that in zones. LDOM also allow moving the resources across the logical domains or virtual
hosts exclusively. LDOM also allows you to con gure zones under that.

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Tutorials Topics:
Installation and Con guring the Primary domain (You are here)
CHECK-OUT
Creating Guest Domains
Con guring I/O Domain
Dynamically adding/removing Resources
Live Migration for Guest Domains
Adding ISO image to Multiple Guests FOLLOW UNIXARENA
Con guration Backup & Restore
Removing the LDOM and Services
LDOM Quick Reference

Prerequisite:

RECOMMENDED FOR YOU

Oracle/Sun T-series Server (T5140 Firmware:7.3.3 )
Solaris 10 or Solaris 11 (To be directly installed on T-series server)
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Server Hardware Console Access Linux VM using Terraform?

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Con guring the Service Domains
Store – EBS – Overview – Part 10
Con guring the Control Domains
Saving the SP-Pro le
What is Infrastructure as Code ?
Basic Concepts of LDOM or Oracle VM for SPARC: IaC

LDOM is a hardware based virtualization which works on top the hypervisor. To understand better, you should Cloud Instance Backup / VM
know the type of terms used in LDOM or oracle VM for SPARC. Backup strategies

Control Domain is the place where you are going to install the LDOM software and managing the
Cloud ends Data-center
complete logical domain environment.It used to con gure the resources and guest domains Virtualization ? VMware’s Future ?

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Service domain provides the various virtual services to guest domains. Virtaul services can be virtual
disks,network switches or virtual consoles. Mostly we will be con guring the control domain as service
domain too. How to patch kubernetes
existing deployment? How to roll
back?

I/O Domains have a direct ownership of PCI Bus. You need to directly map the I/O devices to the guest domain Azure Backup – Recover VM from
to improve the application performance in some cases. There is another domain called “root domain” and this Crash/ Accidental delete
domain has direct ownership of PCI devices. So it also called I/O domain.

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Guest domains don’t perform any of the above-mentioned roles. It jsut runs the operating system
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instances.
Control domain and service domain can be run together. But the user application should not be installed
on this domain in a order to protect domain stability and performance.

LDOM Basic concept

Installation of LDOM software:

Download the LDOM packages from the oracle support website. For your information ,you can’t download
without having the oracle support login credentials. Once you have downloaded the packages ,just copy the
packages to the Solaris host which you have already installed on T- series server.

1. The below mentioned packages needs to be installed .

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3564851 Jan 16 23:26 OracleVM-Server-for-SPARC-2.0.0_(64-bit).zip

drwxrwxrwx 5 root root 512 Jan 16 23:26 SUNWldomr.v
drwxrwxrwx 5 root root 512 Jan 16 23:26 SUNWldomu.v

2. Install the SUNWldomr and SUNWldomu packages rst.

-bash-3.2# pkgadd -d . SUNWldom*

Processing package instance from </>

Solaris Logical Domains (Root)(sparc.sun4v) 11.10.0,REV=2006.10.04.00.26

Copyright (c) 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

This appears to be an attempt to install the same architecture and

version of a package which is already installed. This installation
will attempt to overwrite this package.

Using </> as the package base directory.

## Processing package information.
## Processing system information.
42 package pathnames are already properly installed.
## Verifying package dependencies.
## Verifying disk space requirements.
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.

This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user

permission during the process of installing this package.

Do you want to continue with the installation of [y,n,?] y

Installing Solaris Logical Domains (Root) as

## Executing preinstall script.

## Installing part 1 of 1.
[ verifying class ]
## Executing postinstall script.

Installation of was successful.

Processing package instance from </>

Solaris Logical Domains (Usr)(sparc.sun4v) 11.10.0,REV=2006.08.08.12.13

Copyright (c) 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

This appears to be an attempt to install the same architecture and

version of a package which is already installed. This installation
will attempt to overwrite this package.

Using </> as the package base directory.

## Processing package information.
## Processing system information.
11 package pathnames are already properly installed.
## Verifying package dependencies.
## Verifying disk space requirements.
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.

This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user

permission during the process of installing this package.

Do you want to continue with the installation of [y,n,?] y

Installing Solaris Logical Domains (Usr) as

## Installing part 1 of 1.

Installation of was successful.

-bash-3.2#

3. Install the LDOM software . Unzip the package and continue the installation like below

-bash-3.2# cd OVM_Server_SPARC-2_0
-bash-3.2# ls -lrt
total 12
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 3368 Sep 17 2010 README
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 512 Sep 18 2010 Install
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 512 Dec 16 2010 Product
-bash-3.2# cd Install/
-bash-3.2# ls -lrt
total 56
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 28471 Sep 18 2010 install-ldm
-bash-3.2# ./install-ldm

Welcome to the Oracle VM Server for SPARC installer.

You are about to install the LDoms Manager package, SUNWldm, that will enable
you to create, destroy and control other domains on your system. You will
also be given the option of running the Oracle VM Server for SPARC Configuration
Assistant (ldmconfig) to setup the control domain and create guest domains.

If the Solaris Security Toolkit (SST) is installed, you will be prompted to

optionally harden your control domain.

Installing LDoms packages.

pkgadd -n -d "/OVM_Server_SPARC-2_0/Product" -a pkg_admin SUNWldm.v
Copyright (c) 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Feb 17 10:37:54 sol10-10 sendmail[2631]: [ID 702911 mail.alert] unable to qualify my own domain name (sol10-10) --

Installation of was successful.

pkgadd -n -d "/OVM_Server_SPARC-2_0/Product" -a pkg_admin SUNWldmp2v
Copyright (c) 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Feb 17 10:38:54 sol10-10 sendmail[2705]: [ID 702911 mail.alert] unable to qualify my own domain name (sol10-10) --

Installation of was successful.

Oracle VM Server for SPARC Configuration

Once installed, you may configure your system for a basic LDoms
deployment. If you select "y" for the following question, the Oracle
VM Server for SPARC Configuration Assistant (tty) will be launched
following a successful installation of the packages.

(You may launch the Configuration Assistant at a later time with the
command: /usr/sbin/ldmconfig, or use the GUI Configuration Assistant
which is bundled in the Oracle VM Server for SPARC zip file - see
README.GUI for more details)

Select an option for configuration:

y) Yes, launch the Configuration Assistant after install

n) No thanks, I will configure the system manually later

Enter y or n [y]: n

Verifying that all packages are fully installed. OK.

You have new mail in /var/mail//root
-bash-3.2#

Con guring the Service Domains:

Login to the Solaris host where you have installed the LDOM or oracle VM software.

1. List the con gured services. By default it will be nothing.

-bash-3.2# ldm list-services

2. Create a new virtual disk service. This service is responsible to provide the virtual disks to guest domains.

-bash-3.2# ldm add-vdiskserver primary-vds0 primary

-bash-3.2# ldm list-services
VDS
NAME LDOM VOLUME OPTIONS MPGROUP DEVICE
primary-vds0 primary
-bash-3.2#

3. Create a new virtual switch. By creating this , we can create N-number of VNIC and share to the guest
domains.

-bash-3.2# dladm show-dev

nxge0 link: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full
nxge1 link: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full
nxge2 link: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full
nxge3 link: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full
-bash-3.2# ifconfig -a
lo0: flags=2001000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4,VIRTUAL> mtu 8232 index 1
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000
nxge0: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2
inet 192.168.2.11 netmask ff000000 broadcast 192.168.2.255
ether 0:21:98:57:cd:16
-bash-3.2# ldm add-vswitch net-dev=nxge1 primary-vsw0 primary
-bash-3.2#
-bash-3.2# ldm list-services
VSW
NAME LDOM MAC NET-DEV ID DEVICE LINKPROP DEFAULT-VLAN-ID PVID V
primary-vsw0 primary 00:14:4f:f9:05:b1 nxge1 0 switch@0 1 1

VDS
NAME LDOM VOLUME OPTIONS MPGROUP DEVICE
primary-vds0 primary

-bash-3.2#

Here I have con gured virtual switch using “nxge1”. You can also use “nxge0” con gure the virtual swtich but
you need to remove the IP from nxge0 and need to con gure the IP over the virtual switch.

-bash-3.2# ifconfig -a
lo0: flags=2001000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4,VIRTUAL> mtu 8232 index 1
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000
vsw0: flags=1000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 3
inet 198.168.2.11 netmask ff000000 broadcast 192.168.2.255
ether 0:14:4f:98:83:f3
-bash-3.2#

4. Create a virtual service for terminal consoles.

-bash-3.2# ldm add-vconscon port-range=5000-5100 primary-vc0 primary

-bash-3.2# ldm list-services
VCC
NAME LDOM PORT-RANGE
primary-vc0 primary 5000-5100

VDS
NAME LDOM VOLUME OPTIONS MPGROUP DEVICE
primary-vds0 primary

-bash-3.2#
VSW
NAME LDOM MAC NET-DEV ID DEVICE LINKPROP DEFAULT-VLAN-ID PVID V
primary-vsw0 primary 00:14:4f:f9:05:b1 nxge1 0 switch@0 1 1

Now you have successfully con gured the default services or service domain.

(Creating the spcon g is must after making any changes on the service.Otherwise you will loose the changes
after the system power cycle.)

Con guring the control Domains:

You need to login to Solaris host where you have installed the ldom software to con gure the control domain.

1.List the logical domain devices using ldm list-device -a command.You can see all the resource has been
allocated to the primary domain.

bash-3.2# ldm list-devices -a

CORE
ID %FREE CPUSET
0 0 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
1 0 (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
2 0 (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
3 0 (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
4 0 (64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71)
5 0 (72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
6 0 (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87)
7 0 (88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95)

VCPU
PID %FREE PM
0 0 no
1 0 no
2 0 no
3 0 no
4 0 no
5 0 no
6 0 no
7 0 no
8 0 no
9 0 no
10 0 no
11 0 no
12 0 no
13 0 no
14 0 no
15 0 no
16 0 no
17 0 no
18 0 no
19 0 no
20 0 no
21 0 no
22 0 no
23 0 no
24 0 no
25 0 no
26 0 no
27 0 no
28 0 no
29 0 no
30 0 no
31 0 no
64 0 no
65 0 no
66 0 no
67 0 no
68 0 no
69 0 no
70 0 no
71 0 no
72 0 no
73 0 no
74 0 no
75 0 no
76 0 no
77 0 no
78 0 no
79 0 no
80 0 no
81 0 no
82 0 no
83 0 no
84 0 no
85 0 no
86 0 no
87 0 no
88 0 no
89 0 no
90 0 no
91 0 no
92 0 no
93 0 no
94 0 no
95 0 no

MAU
ID CPUSET BOUND
0 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) primary
1 (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15) primary
2 (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23) primary
3 (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31) primary
4 (64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71) primary
5 (72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79) primary
6 (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87) primary
7 (88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95) primary

MEMORY
PA SIZE BOUND
0x0 512K _sys_
0x80000 1536K _sys_
0x200000 94M _sys_
0x6000000 32M _sys_
0x8000000 96M _sys_
0xe000000 32544M primary

IO
DEVICE PSEUDONYM BOUND OPTIONS
pci@400 pci_0 yes
pci@500 pci_1 yes

bash-3.2#

2.List what are the resources assigned to the primary domain or control domains.

bash-3.2# ldm list-bindings primary

NAME STATE FLAGS CONS VCPU MEMORY UTIL UPTIME
primary active -n-c-- SP 64 32544M 0.1% 9m

UUID
f063b0a8-8fb0-4e61-cd5b-91826d2c1550

MAC
00:21:28:57:cd:16

HOSTID
0x8557cd16

CONTROL
failure-policy=ignore

DEPENDENCY
master=

CORE
CID CPUSET
0 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
1 (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
2 (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
3 (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
4 (64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71)
5 (72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
6 (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87)
7 (88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95)

VCPU
VID PID CID UTIL STRAND
0 0 0 1.5% 100%
1 1 0 0.0% 100%
2 2 0 0.0% 100%
3 3 0 0.0% 100%
4 4 0 0.0% 100%
5 5 0 0.0% 100%
6 6 0 0.0% 100%
7 7 0 0.0% 100%
8 8 1 0.0% 100%
9 9 1 0.1% 100%
10 10 1 0.0% 100%
11 11 1 0.1% 100%
12 12 1 0.1% 100%
13 13 1 3.0% 100%
14 14 1 0.0% 100%
15 15 1 0.1% 100%
16 16 2 0.1% 100%
17 17 2 0.2% 100%
18 18 2 0.1% 100%
19 19 2 0.0% 100%
20 20 2 0.1% 100%
21 21 2 0.0% 100%
22 22 2 0.1% 100%
23 23 2 0.0% 100%
24 24 3 0.0% 100%
25 25 3 0.0% 100%
26 26 3 0.0% 100%
27 27 3 0.0% 100%
28 28 3 0.2% 100%
29 29 3 0.1% 100%
30 30 3 0.1% 100%
31 31 3 0.0% 100%
64 64 4 0.0% 100%
65 65 4 0.0% 100%
66 66 4 0.0% 100%
67 67 4 0.0% 100%
68 68 4 0.0% 100%
69 69 4 0.0% 100%
70 70 4 0.0% 100%
71 71 4 0.0% 100%
72 72 5 0.0% 100%
73 73 5 0.0% 100%
74 74 5 0.0% 100%
75 75 5 0.0% 100%
76 76 5 0.0% 100%
77 77 5 0.0% 100%
78 78 5 0.0% 100%
79 79 5 0.0% 100%
80 80 6 0.0% 100%
81 81 6 0.0% 100%
82 82 6 0.0% 100%
83 83 6 0.0% 100%
84 84 6 0.0% 100%
85 85 6 0.0% 100%
86 86 6 0.0% 100%
87 87 6 0.0% 100%
88 88 7 0.0% 100%
89 89 7 0.0% 100%
90 90 7 0.0% 100%
91 91 7 0.0% 100%
92 92 7 0.0% 100%
93 93 7 0.0% 100%
94 94 7 0.0% 100%
95 95 7 0.0% 100%

MAU
ID CPUSET
0 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
1 (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
2 (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
3 (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
4 (64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71)
5 (72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
6 (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87)
7 (88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95)

MEMORY
RA PA SIZE
0xe000000 0xe000000 32544M

IO
DEVICE PSEUDONYM OPTIONS
pci@400 pci_0
pci@500 pci_1

VCONS
NAME SERVICE PORT
SP

bash-3.2#

3.Set the resource control for the control domain aka primary domain.So the resource will be freed up for the
logical domains / Guest domains.

bash-3.2# ldm set-mau 1 primary

bash-3.2# ldm set-vcpu 8 primary
bash-3.2# ldm set-memory 4G primary
A ldm set-mem 4G command would remove 28448MB, which is not a
multiple of 256MB. Instead, run ldm set-mem 4128M primary
to ensure a 256MB alignment.
bash-3.2# ldm set-memory 3872M primary

mau – Security Encryption (LDM commands will be sent in encrypted manner.)

vpcu – Virtual CPU cores
memory – Physical memory

4.Now list the devices again to verify the new settings.

bash-3.2# ldm ls-devices -a

CORE
ID %FREE CPUSET
0 0 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
1 100 (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15) ----------->(1-7) Free CPU cores
2 100 (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
3 100 (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
4 100 (64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71)
5 100 (72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
6 100 (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87)
7 100 (88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95)

VCPU
PID %FREE PM
0 0 no ----------These (0-7) CPU is not available since its assigned to primary domain
1 0 no
2 0 no
3 0 no
4 0 no
5 0 no
6 0 no
7 0 no
8 100 ---
9 100 ---
10 100 ---
11 100 ---
12 100 ---
13 100 ---
14 100 ---
15 100 ---
16 100 ---
17 100 ---
18 100 ---
19 100 ---
20 100 ---
21 100 ---
22 100 ---
23 100 ---
24 100 ---
25 100 ---
26 100 ---
27 100 ---
28 100 ---
29 100 ---
30 100 ---
31 100 ---
64 100 ---
65 100 ---
66 100 ---
67 100 ---
68 100 ---
69 100 ---
70 100 ---
71 100 ---
72 100 ---
73 100 ---
74 100 ---
75 100 ---
76 100 ---
77 100 ---
78 100 ---
79 100 ---
80 100 ---
81 100 ---
82 100 ---
83 100 ---
84 100 ---
85 100 ---
86 100 ---
87 100 ---
88 100 ---
89 100 ---
90 100 ---
91 100 ---
92 100 ---
93 100 ---
94 100 ---
95 100 ---

MAU
ID CPUSET BOUND
0 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) primary
1 (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
2 (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
3 (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
4 (64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71)
5 (72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79)
6 (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87)
7 (88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95)

MEMORY
PA SIZE BOUND
0x0 512K _sys_
0x80000 1536K _sys_
0x200000 94M _sys_
0x6000000 32M _sys_
0x8000000 96M _sys_
0xe000000 32M primary
0x10000000 28G -----------------------------Free Memory
0x710000000 3840M primary -----------Allocated to Primary or control Domain

IO
DEVICE PSEUDONYM BOUND OPTIONS
pci@400 pci_0 yes
pci@500 pci_1 yes

bash-3.2#

You have successfully con gured the control domain.

Note: Here you haven’t saved the con guration. These are all in-memory con guration. After the power cycle,
you will lose the con guration if it’s not saved in sp con g pro le.

Saving the sp-con g le:

You have to save the con guration after every ldom settings that you made. For an example, if you didn’t save,
ldom con guration will be ushed after server power cycle.

1. Create a new pro le in the current con guration.

bash-3.2# ldm add-spconfig unixarena

bash-3.2# ldm ls-spconfig
factory-default
unixarena [current]
bash-3.2#

In the above command output, you can see that currents settings are saved in unixarena and these settings will
come up after the system reboot and power cycle.

For an example, if I do any small changes on ldom, it will not update in the spcon g le.

bash-3.2# ldm set-vcpu 12 primary

bash-3.2# ldm ls-spconfig
factory-default
unixarena [next poweron]
bash-3.2#

Here we just increased the number vpcus to 12 . The previous number of vpcu was 8. Here sp-con g le
“unixarena” will be activated on next power cycle. Which mean you will lose the CPU setting you just done. In
an order to save the con guration, just re-create the sp-con g like below.

bash-3.2# ldm ls-spconfig

factory-default
unixarena [next poweron]
bash-3.2# ldm remove-spconfig unixarena
bash-3.2# ldm ls-spconfig
factory-default [next poweron]
bash-3.2# ldm add-spconfig unixarena_new
bash-3.2# ldm ls-spconfig
factory-default
unixarena_new [current]
bash-3.2#

Checking the OBP,Hypervisor and LDOM version:

-bash-3.2# ldm -V

Logical Domain Manager (v 2.0)

Hypervisor control protocol v 1.4
Using Hypervisor MD v 1.1

System PROM:
Hypervisor v. 1.7.4. @(#)Hypervisor 1.7.4.a 2009/09/21 08:25\015

OpenBoot v. 4.30.4 @(#)OBP 4.30.4 2009/08/19 07:25

-bash-3.2#

Hope this article rst steps to learn LDOM for Solari’s beginners. In this article we have seen the basic concepts
of Oracle VM for SPARC (LDOM), packages installation, the con guration of the service domain, con guring the
control domain or primary domain and saving the sp-con guration.

I will try to complete the tutorial by adding another 6 to 8 articles. Hope you will like it. Please share it in social
media to reach the maximum number of people. Thank you for visiting UnixArena

LDOM Tutorial Part 2 – Con guring the guest domain

FILED UNDER: LDOM

TAGGED WITH: LDOM, ORACLE VM FOR SPARC

Comments

Rishabh Chauhan says

JANUARY 25, 2021 AT 5:55 PM

Hello sir,
Why I’m not able to open ldom quick reference. It’s showing bin by the owner.

Thanks

Reply

arup jyoti thakuria says

MAY 10, 2016 AT 4:51 PM

Great for beginners.Good work.

Reply

hajee says
OCTOBER 22, 2014 AT 4:23 PM

Hi, while adding ” ldm set-mau 1 primary” Command getting following message. is this something
capacity limited for 0?

root@as# ldm set-mau 1 primary

1 crypto units exceeds the system capacity of 0 crypto units

Please advise,
Hajee

Reply

Nitin Ruhela says

AUGUST 21, 2014 AT 2:23 PM

It’s Really helpful for beginners. Thanks for the same.

Reply

heart_passion says
MARCH 8, 2014 AT 12:20 AM

Hi thanks for the nice artice it really helpful

can you please explain how to add the shared LUN to 2 di erent Ldoms, in cluster enviorment?
or what is the best practice.?
Thanks and cheers

Reply

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