INTERNATIONAL ISO

STANDARD 24024-1
First edition
2021-02

Plastics — Homopolymer and

copolymer resins of vinyl chloride —
Part 1:
Designation system and basis for
specifications
Plastiques — Résines d'homopolymères et de copolymères de chlorure
de vinyle —
Partie 1: Système de désignation et base de spécifications

Reference number
ISO 24024-1:2021(E)

© ISO 2021
ISO 24024-1:2021(E)

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 ISO 2 402 4-1 : 2 02 1 (E)

Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ iv

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 2

4 Designation and specification system ............................................................................................................................................ 2
4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
4.2 Data block 1 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
4.3 Data block 2 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.4 Data block 3 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.5 Data block 4 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.5.1 General...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.5.2 Reduced viscosity............................................................................................................................................................ 4
4.5.3 Apparent density ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
4.5.4 Retention on a 63 µm sieve ..................................................................................................................................... 5
4.5.5 Plasticizer absorption at room temperature (for general purpose resins
and filler resins only) ................................................................................................................................................... 5
4.5.6 Viscosity and type o f rheological behaviour o f a standard paste (for paste
resins only) ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
4.6 Data block 5 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
5 Examples of designations ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii

ISO 24024-1:2021(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work o f preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o f
electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the di fferent approval criteria needed for the
di fferent types o f ISO documents should be noted. This document was dra fted in accordance with the
editorial rules o f the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o f the elements o f this document may be the subject o f
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identi fying any or all such patent rights. Details o f
any patent rights identified during the development o f the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso .org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is in formation given for the convenience o f users and does not
constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation o f the voluntary nature o f standards, the meaning o f ISO specific terms and
expressions related to con formity assessment, as well as in formation about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso .org/
iso/foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 9,
Thermoplastic materials, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 249, Plastics, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).

This first edition o f ISO 24024-1 cancels and replaces ISO 1060-1:1998, which has been technically
revised.

The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:

— the positions o f Data block 2 and Data block 4 in the old designation system have been changed;
— the last designation example has been deleted.
A list of all parts in the ISO 24024 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso .org/members .html.

iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 24024-1:2021(E)

Plastics — Homopolymer and copolymer resins of vinyl

chloride —
Part 1:
Designation system and basis for specifications

1 Scope
1.1 This do cument es tab lis hes a sys tem o f des ignatio n fo r vinyl chlo ride thermo p las tic res ins which

can b e us ed as the b as is fo r s p ecificatio ns .

1.2 The typ es o f vinyl chlo ride p las tics are di fferentiated fro m each o ther by a clas s ificatio n sys tem

b as ed o n ap p ro p riate levels o f the des ignato ry p ro p erties :

a) re duce d vi s co s ity;

b) app arent den s ity;

c) re tention on a 6 3 µm me sh s ieve;

d) pl as tici zer ab s orp tion at ro om temp eratu re (for genera l-pu r p o s e re s i n s) ;

e) the vi s co s ity a nd the typ e o f rhe olo gic a l b eh aviou r o f a s tanda rd p as te (for p a s te re s i n s on ly) ;

and on i n formation ab out b as ic p olymer p ara me ters , p olymeri z ation pro ce s s e s and i ntende d

applications.

1.3 This do cument is ap p licab le to res ins in p o wder fo rm which co ns is t o f ho mo p o lymers o f the

mo no mer vinyl chlo ride and co p o lymers , terp o lymers , etc. , o f vinyl chlo ride with o ne o r mo re o ther

mo no mers , b ut where vinyl chlo ride is the main co ns tituent. The res ins can co ntain s mall amo unts o f

no n- p o lymerized s ub s tances (e. g. emuls i fying o r s us p ending agents , catalys t res idues , etc. ) and o ther

s ub s tances added during the co urs e o f p o lymerizatio n.

1.4 I t is no t intended to imp ly that materials having the s ame des ignatio n give neces s arily the s ame

p er fo rmance. This do cument do es no t p rovide engineering data, p er fo rmance data o r data o n p ro ces s ing

co nditio ns which can b e required to s p eci fy a material fo r a p articular ap p licatio n and/o r metho d o f

processing.
I f s uch add itiona l prop er tie s a re re qu i re d, they a re de term i ne d i n accordance with the te s t me tho d s

s p e c i fie d i n I S O 2 4 02 4 -2 , i f s u itable .

1.5 In o rder to s p eci fy a res in fo r a p articular ap p licatio n o r to ens ure rep ro ducib le p ro ces s ing,

additio nal requirements can b e given in data b lo ck 5 (s ee 4.1).

2 Normative references
T he fol lowi ng do c u ments are re ferre d to i n the tex t i n s uch a way that s ome or a l l o f thei r content

con s titute s re qu i rements o f th i s do c ument. For date d re ference s , on ly the e d ition c ite d appl ie s . For

undate d re ference s , the l ate s t e d ition o f the re ference d do c u ment (i nclud i ng a ny amend ments) appl ie s .

I S O 10 43 -1 , Plastics — Symbols and abbreviated terms — Part 1: Basic polymers and their special

characteristics

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ISO 2 402 4-1 : 2 02 1 (E)

I S O 2 4 0 2 4 -2 , Plastics — Homopolymer and copolymer resins of viny chloride — Part 2: Preparation of test

samples and determination of properties

3 Terms and definitions

No term s a nd defi n ition s are l i s te d i n th i s do c u ment.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso .org/obp

— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia .org/

4 Designation and specification system

4.1 General

T he de s ignation and s p e c i fic ation s ys tem for thermoplas tics i s b as e d on the fol lowi ng s ta nda rd i z e d

pattern:

D esignation

Identity blo ck

D escrip tion blo ck I ndividual-item blo ck

I nternational Standard D ata D ata D ata D ata D ata

(optional)
Numb er block blo ck blo ck blo ck blo ck block

1 2 3 4 5

T he de s ignation con s i s ts o f a n op tiona l de s c rip tion blo ck, re ad i ng " T hermopla s tic s", and an identity

block comprising the International Standard number and an individual-item block. For unambiguous
de s ignation, the i nd ividua l-item blo ck i s s ub d ivide d i nto five data blo cks provid i ng the fol lowi ng
information:

D ata blo ck 1 : I denti fic ation o f the pla s tic b y its s ymb ol (P VC , e tc .) i n accordance with I S O 10 43 -1 and

i n formation ab out the p olymeri z ation pro ce s s and the comp o s ition o f the p olymer (s e e 4.2).

D ata blo ck 2 : Fi l lers or rei n forci ng materi a l s and thei r nom i na l content (no t i nclude d i n th i s do c u ment,

see 4.3) .

Data block 3: Intended application (see 4.4).

D ata blo ck 4: D e s ignator y prop er tie s (s e e 4.5) .

D ata b lo ck 5 : For the pu rp o s e o f a lternative s p e ci fic ation s , a fi fth data blo ck may b e adde d conta i n i ng

additional information (see 4.6).

T he fi rs t ch arac ter o f the i nd ividua l-item blo ck sh a l l b e a hyphen . T he data blo cks s ha l l b e s ep a rate d

from e ach o ther by com ma s .

I f a data blo ck i s no t us e d, th i s shal l b e i nd ic ate d b y doubl i ng the s ep aration s ign, i . e . by two commas (, ,) .

4.2 Data block 1

I n th i s data blo ck, a fter the hyphen, p oly(vi nyl ch loride) re s i n s are identi fie d b y the s ymb ol PVC for
homop olymer or VC/. . ./. . . for cop olymers / ter p olymers re s p e c tively, i n accorda nce with I S O 10 43 -1 ,

fol lowe d, for cop olymers / terp olymers , by a s p ace and by a two -figu re nu mb er i nd ic ati ng the

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 ISO 2 402 4-1 : 2 02 1 (E)

percentage content o f combined vinyl chloride. This is calculated from the chlorine content determined
in accordance with ISO 24024-2, using Formula (1):
[ VC ] = 1 , 7629 x [ Cl ] (1)

where

[VC] is the combined vinyl chloride content;

[Cl] is the chloride content.
A fter a hyphen, the polymerization process is indicated by a single code-letter as specified in Table 1.

Table 1 — Code-letters used for additional information in data block 1

Co de-letter Definition
S Suspension polymerization
E Emulsion polymerization
M Bulk polymerization
X Process other than the above, or an intermediate process, including micro-suspension

4.3 Data block 2

Not included in this document.

4.4 Data block 3

In this data block, in formation about intended application is given. The code-letters used are specified
in Table 2.

Table 2 — Code-letters used in data block 3

Code- letter I ntended application

P Paste resins
F Filler resins
G General-purpose resins (excluding categories P and F)

4.5 Data block 4

4.5 .1 General

In this data block, the reduced viscosity is represented by a three-figure code-number (see 4.5.2 ), the
apparent bulk density by a two-figure code-number (see 4.5.3) and retention on a 63 µm mesh sieve
by a two-figure code-number (see 4.5.4). For general-purpose resins and filler resins, the plasticizer
absorption at room temperature is represented by a two-figure code-number (see 4.5.5). For paste
resins, the viscosity o f a standard paste is represented by a letter indicating the paste formulation used,
two two-figure code-numbers for the viscosity at 16 s -1 and 100 s -1 and a code-letter indicating the type
of rheological behaviour of the paste (see 4.5.6 ). The codes representing the four designatory properties
are separated from each other by hyphens.
I f a property value falls on or near a range limit, the manu facturer shall state which range will designate
the material. I f subsequent individual test values lie on, or on either side o f, the range limit because o f
manu facturing tolerances, the designation is not a ffected.
NOTE Not all combinations o f the values o f designatory properties are provided in currently available
polymers.

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ISO 2 402 4-1 : 2 02 1 (E)

4.5 .2 Reduced viscosity

T he re duce d vi s co s ity s ha l l b e de term i ne d i n accorda nce with I S O 2 4 02 4 -2 .

T he p o s s ible va lue s o f the re duce d vi s co s ity a re d ivide d i nto 2 6 ra nge s , e ach repre s ente d b y a th re e -

figure co de -numb er a s s p e ci fie d i n Table 3.

Table 3 — Code-numbers used for reduced viscosity in data block 4

Range of reduced viscos ity

Code-numb er
ml/g
045 ≤ 47

050 > 47 b ut ≤ 5 2

055 >5 2 b ut ≤ 5 7

060 >5 7 b ut ≤ 62

065 > 62 b ut ≤ 67

070 > 67 b ut ≤ 7 2

075 >7 2 b ut ≤ 7 7

080 >7 7 b ut ≤ 8 2

085 > 8 2 b ut ≤ 8 7

090 > 8 7 b ut ≤ 9 2

095 > 9 2 but ≤ 9 7

100 > 9 7 b ut ≤ 10 5

110 >10 5 b ut ≤ 1 1 5

120 >1 1 5 b ut ≤ 1 2 5

130 >1 2 5 b ut ≤ 1 3 5

145 >1 3 5 b ut ≤ 1 5 2

160 >1 5 2 b ut ≤ 167

175 >167 but ≤ 1 8 2

190 >1 8 2 b ut ≤ 19 7

205 >19 7 b ut ≤ 2 1 2

220 >2 1 2 b ut ≤ 2 2 7

235 >2 2 7 b ut ≤ 2 42

250 >2 42 but ≤ 2 5 7

265 >2 5 7 but ≤ 2 7 2

280 >2 7 2 b ut ≤ 2 8 7

295 >287
not possible to measure because of
XXX
insoluble

4.5 .3 Apparent density

T he app a rent den s ity s ha l l b e de term i ne d i n accorda nce with I S O 2 4 02 4 -2 .

T he p o s s ible va lue s o f the app a rent den s ity are d ivide d i nto 1 2 ra nge s , e ach repre s ente d b y a two -

figure co de numb er a s s p e c i fie d i n Table 4.

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 ISO 24024-1:2021(E)

Table 4 — Code-numbers used for apparent density in data block 4

Range of apparent density
Code-number
g/ml
30 ≤0,32

35 > 0 , 3 2 but ≤ 0 , 3 7

40 > 0 , 3 7 b ut ≤ 0 ,42

45 > 0 , 42 b ut ≤ 0 ,47

50 > 0 ,47 b ut ≤ 0 , 5 2

55 > 0 , 5 2 b ut ≤ 0 , 5 7

60 > 0 , 5 7 b ut ≤ 0 , 62

65 > 0 , 62 b ut ≤ 0 , 67

70 > 0 , 67 but ≤ 0 ,7 2

75 > 0 ,7 2 b ut ≤ 0 ,7 7

80 > 0 ,7 7 b ut ≤ 0 , 8 2

85 > 0, 82

4.5.4 Retention on a 63 µm sieve

The retention on a 63 µm sieve shall be determined in accordance with ISO 24024-2 .

T he p o s s ible va lue s o f the re tention on the 6 3 µm s ieve a re d ivide d i nto eight ra nge s , e ach repre s ente d

by a two figu re co de -nu mb er as s p e ci fie d i n Table 5.

Table 5 — Code-numbers used for retention on a 63 µm sieve in data block 4

Range of retention on 63 µm sieve
Code-number
mass fraction in %
00 ≤1

03 >1 but ≤ 5

12 >5 b ut ≤ 2 0

30 >2 0 b ut ≤ 4 0

50 > 4 0 b ut ≤ 6 0

70 > 6 0 but ≤ 8 0

88 > 8 0 b ut ≤ 9 5

98 >95

4.5.5 Plasticizer absorption at room temperature (for general p urpo se res ins and filler res ins only)
The plasticizer absorption at room temperature shall be determined in accordance with ISO 24024-2 .
T he p o s s ib le va lue s o f the pla s tici zer ab s or p tion are d ivide d i nto five ra nge s , e ach repre s ente d by a

two -figu re co de -nu mb er as s p e c i fie d i n Table 6.

Table 6 — Code-numbers used for plasticizer absorption in data block 4

Range of plasticizer absorption
Code-number
p h r ( p a r ts p er 10 0 p a r ts o f re s i n b y m a s s)

05 ≤ 10

15 >10 b ut ≤ 2 0

25 >2 0 but ≤ 3 0

35 >3 0 b ut ≤ 4 0

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ISO 2 402 4-1 : 2 02 1 (E)

Table 6 (continued)

Range of plas tici zer ab sorp tion

Code-numb er
phr (parts per 100 parts o f resin by mass)
45 >40
XX not practical to measure reproducibly

4.5 .6 Viscosity and type of rheological behaviour of a standard paste (for paste resins only)

4.5 .6.1 Viscosity of paste

The viscosity o f a standard paste shall be determined in accordance with ISO 24024-2, (24 ± 0,5) h a fter
preparation o f the paste and at shear rates o f (16 ± 1) s -1 and (100 ± 1) s -1 . The conditioning and test
temperature shall be (23 ± 0,2) °C.
The possible values of the two viscosities determined at the shear rates of 16 s -1 and 100 s -1 respectively
are divided into nine ranges, each represented by a two-figure code-number as specified in Table 7.
The code-numbers for the two viscosities are separated by an oblique stroke. The standard paste
formulation used, A or B, is recorded immediately in front o f these code-numbers.

Table 7 — Code-numbers used for viscosity of a s tandard pas te in data block 4

Range of viscos ity

Code-numb er
Pa s
02 ≤3
04 >3 but ≤5
06 >5 but ≤7
08 >7 but ≤9
10 >9 but ≤11
15 >11 but ≤18
20 >18 but ≤25
30 >25 but ≤40
50 >40
XX not practical to measure reproducibly

4.5 .6.2 Rheological behaviour of paste

The rheological behaviour between the shear rates 16 s -1 and 100 s -1 of the standard paste chosen to
determine the viscosities in accordance with 4.5.6.1 shall be expressed by one o f the following code-
letters: D = dilatant, N = Newtonian, P = pseudoplastic and X = unspecified (see Table 8). The code-letter
which describes the rheological behaviour shall be recorded in the designation immediately a fter the
viscosities determined in accordance with 4.5.6.1.

Table 8 — Code-letters used for rheological behaviour in data block 4

Ratio
Co de- letter representing rheologial

b ehaviour Viscosity at shear rate o f 16 s -1 / Vis-

cosity at shear rate o f 100 s -1
D <0,75
N 0,75 to 1,33
P >1,33
X unspecified

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 ISO 2 402 4-1 : 2 02 1 (E)

I f the viscosity at the shear rate o f 100 s -1 is not measurable, even with the formulation B paste, the
rheological behaviour may be determined by measuring the viscosity over smaller range o f shear rates
(e.g. 16 s -1 to 40 s -1 ) and determining the viscosity at 100 s -1 by extrapolating from 40 s -1 to 100 s-1 .

4.6 Data block 5

Indication o f additional requirements in this optional data block is a way o f trans forming the
designation o f a material into a specification for a particular application. This may be done for example
by re ference to a suitable national standard or to some other document recognized as suitable by the
interested parties.

5 Examples of designations

5 .1 A vinyl chloride homopolymer (PVC) produced by bulk polymerization (M) and intended for
general – purpose applications (G), having a reduced viscosity o f 120ml/g (120), an apparent density
o f 0,55 g/ml (55), a retention on a 63 µm sieve o f 92 % (88) and a plasticizer absorption o f 16 phr (15),
would be designated:

D esignation : (Thermoplastics) ISO 24024-PVC-M, , G, 120-55-88-15

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ISO 24024-1:2021(E)

5.2 A vinyl chloride homopolymer (PVC) produced by emulsion polymerization (E) for use as a paste
resin (P) having a reduced viscosity o f 123 ml/g (120), an apparent density o f 0,32 g/ml (35), a retention
on a 63 µm sieve o f 0.1 % (00) and a viscosity o f standard paste A o f 50 Pa s at 16s -1 (50) and 10 Pa s at
100 s -1 (10) and showing pseudoplastic behaviour (P) would be designated:

Designation : (Thermoplastics) ISO 24024-PVC-E, , P, 120-35-00-A50/10P

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 ISO 24024-1:2021(E)

5.3 VC/VAC copolymer with a content o f combined vinyl chloride o f 90 % (90) produced by
polymerization in suspension (S) and intended for general purpose applications (G), having a reduced
viscosity o f 85 ml/g (085), an apparent density o f 0,80 g/ml (80) and a retention on a 63 µm sieve o f
97 % (98), would be designated:

Designation : (Thermoplastics) ISO 24024-VC/VAC 90-S, , G, 085-80-98-XX

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ISO 2 402 4-1 : 2 02 1 (E)

ICS 83.080.20
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