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    Bernard Dred Mendoza
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    The document discusses Islamic architecture from the 7th century to present day. It begins by defining Islamic architecture as building traditions of Muslim populations where Islam is dominant. It describes key aspects of Islamic faith that influenced architecture like the emphasis on one God and prohibition of images. Architectural features include symmetry, orientation toward Mecca, and decorative motifs instead of images. Common building types are mosques, madrasas, hamams, and caravanserais. The document examines mosque architecture in detail, including standard features like minarets, mihrabs and courtyards. Examples of historic mosques from Cairo, Cordoba and the Taj Mahal are presented.

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    The document discusses Islamic architecture from the 7th century to present day. It begins by defining Islamic architecture as building traditions of Muslim populations where Islam is dominant. It describes key aspects of Islamic faith that influenced architecture like the emphasis on one God and prohibition of images. Architectural features include symmetry, orientation toward Mecca, and decorative motifs instead of images. Common building types are mosques, madrasas, hamams, and caravanserais. The document examines mosque architecture in detail, including standard features like minarets, mihrabs and courtyards. Examples of historic mosques from Cairo, Cordoba and the Taj Mahal are presented.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    3 views23 pages

    Islamic Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Bernard Dred Mendoza
    The document discusses Islamic architecture from the 7th century to present day. It begins by defining Islamic architecture as building traditions of Muslim populations where Islam is dominant. It describes key aspects of Islamic faith that influenced architecture like the emphasis on one God and prohibition of images. Architectural features include symmetry, orientation toward Mecca, and decorative motifs instead of images. Common building types are mosques, madrasas, hamams, and caravanserais. The document examines mosque architecture in detail, including standard features like minarets, mihrabs and courtyards. Examples of historic mosques from Cairo, Cordoba and the Taj Mahal are presented.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 23

    ISLAMIC

    HISTORY 3

    ARCHITECTURE
    Ar. Myra M. Umandal
    ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
    7 TH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT DAY

    The Islamic architecture can be


    defined as a building traditions of
    Muslim populations of the Middle
    east and any countries where Islam
    has been dominant from the 7 th
    century on.
    RELIGION

    • One god Allah, Muhammad is the prophet • 5 Pillars of Islam: Declaring faith in god, Prayer,
    • Faith is held to be Allah's will for creation Fasting, Giving to charity, Pilgrimage to Mecca

    • An acceptance of the transitory nature of


    earthly life
    • Personal humility
    • Abhorrence of images worship

    Koran
    • Muhammad wrote down the words of angels who
    brought him messages from Allah
    • After his death, these accounts were compiled
    into a holy book
    • Speaks of the power of Allah, to accept his will
    and to praise him
    Architectural character

    Islam had a profound impact on its architecture:


    • No essential difference in techniques between religious and non-religious buildings
    • Important architectural endeavor is normally expended on buildings having a direct social or
    community purpose
    •Symmetry and balance (as in the concept of perfect creation)
    • Centered upon God
    • Related to a principal axis, the kibla, pointing towards Mecca
    DECORATION
    • in lieu of human and animal forms: abstract and geometric motifs, calligraphy, floral
    abstraction, geometric interlacement, mouldings and friezes, carvings in bas relief, stone inlay
    and mosaic, patterned brickwork, ceramic and glass mosaic, painting, timber inlay, Arabesques,
    screen or pierced grilles in marble
    Islamic Decorative Elements

    Parts of a Mosque
    Islamic Decorative Elements

    Parts of a Mosque
    Architectural character
    Mosque – muslim center and place for worship
    Madrasah – public school
    Hammam – a structural design for a bathhouse
    Caravanserai – a roadside inn for travellers
    Casbah/ Citadel – a fortress
    Mausoleum – a tomb or monument

    Types of Islamic Architecture

    Terminology
    Building types Personnel
    • Masjid (Persia, India) • Muezzin: caller who summons the faithful to
    • Jami: mosque, principal place of worship, or use prayer
    of the building for Friday prayers • Imam: man who leads the congregation at
    • Mesjid: (Turkey) small prayer house prayer
    • Madrassah: (Egypt) • Calipin: successor to the prophet as military,
    • Saray, Serai: palace judicial and spiritual leader of Islam

    Building components
    • Mihrab: niche oriented towards Mecca
    • Mimber: raised platform for ceremonial announcements
    • Iwan, Ivan: (Persia): open-fronted vault facing on to a court
    • Bab: gateway
    • Sahn: courtyard of a mosque
    • Minaret: tower from which call to prayer is made
    • Harem: women’s private quarters of a house or palace
    • Selamlik: men’s or quest;s quarters
    • Kibla, Kible: axis oriented towards Mecca
    • Chatti (India): Kiosk Terminology
    Mosque Architectural Features

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque Architectural Features

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque Architectural Features

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque Architectural Features

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque Architectural Features

    Parts of a Mosque
    Typical Elevation of a Mosque

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque Typology

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque of Sultan Hassan (Cairo, Egypt)

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque of Sultan Hassan (Cairo, Egypt)

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque of Sultan Hassan (Cairo, Egypt)

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque of Cordova (Andalusia, Spain)

    Parts of a Mosque
    Mosque of Cordova (Andalusia, Spain)

    Parts of a Mosque
    The Taj Mahal (Agra, India)

    Parts of a Mosque
    The Taj Mahal (Agra, India)

    Parts of a Mosque
    END Thank you and God bless!

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