Nhóm 1

Analysis: Sự phân tích

Chemical analysis of the woman’s dress revealed traces of blood.
The book is an analysis of poverty and its causes.
At the meeting they presented a detailed analysis of twelve schools.
• analyse / • analyze
• analyst
• analytic = isolating
• analytical
• analytically

Approach: Phương pháp, tiếp cận

We need to adopt a different approach to the problem
What's the best way of approaching this problem?
• approachable / • unapproachable

Area: Phạm vi hiểu biết, chuyên môn

Software is not really my area of expertise

Assess: ðánh giá

The tests are designed to assess a child's reading skills.
It's difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
Interviews allow you to assess the suitability of candidates.
• assessable
• assessment
• reassess
• reassessment

Assume: Cho rằng, giả ñịnh

Everything was quiet when I got home so I assumed that you had gone out.
Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.
She would, he assumed, be home at the usual time.
In this example we have assumed a unit price of $10.
I had assumed him to be a Belgian.
• assumed
• assuming
• assumption

Authority: Chuyên gia

She is an authority on seventeenth-century English literature
• authoritative
• authoritatively
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Available: Có thể mua ñược, sử dụng ñược
This information is available free on the Internet.
The new drug is not yet available to the public.
When will the information be made available?
We'll send you a copy as soon as it becomes available.
• availability
• unavailability
• unavailable

Benefit: Lợi thế, lợi ích

He couldn't see the benefit of arguing any longer.
I had the benefit of a good education
For maximum benefit, take the tablets before meals.
• beneficial
• beneficiary

Concept: Khái niệm

He can't grasp the basic concepts of mathematics
Concepts such as ‘civilization’ and ‘government’
• conception
• conceptual
• conceptualize
• conceptually

Consist: Bao gồm, gồm có

A dessert consisting of fruit and cream (chứa ñựng)
The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings. (chính)
• consistency / • inconsistency
• consistent / • inconsistent
• consistently / • inconsistently

Constitute: (~establish, set up) Thiết lập, thành lập

The committee was constituted in 1974 by an Act of Parliament
• constituency
• constituent
• constitution
• constitutional / • unconstitutional
• constitutionally / • unconstitutionally
• constitutive

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Context: Trong hoàn cảnh
This speech needs to be set in the context of Britain in the 1960s.
His decision can only be understood in context.
• contextual
• contextualization
• contextualize
• contextually

Contract: Hợp ñồng

• contractor

Create: Tạo ra, gây nên

The snow created further problems
Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.
The government plans to create more jobs for young people.
• creation / • recreation
• creative
• creatively
• creativity
• creator
• recreate

Data: Thông tin

Define: Chắc chắn

I've heard rumours, but nothing definite
Your duties are clearly defined in the contract.
Can you define what it means to be an American?
• definable
• definition
• redefine
• redefinition
• undefined

Derive: Nhận ñược, lấy ñược từ… tìm thấy nguồn gốc từ
The name derives from Latin.
The word ‘politics’ is derived from a Greek word meaning ‘city/ He derived great
pleasure from painting
• derivation
• derivative
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Distribute: Phân phối, phân phát
The organization distributed food to the earthquake victims
• distribution
• distributional
• distributive
• distributor
• redistribute
• redistribution
• redistributive

Economic: Thuộc kinh tế

The economy is in recession
• economical
• economically
• economics
• economist
• economy
• uneconomic
• uneconomical

Environment: Môi trường

An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour
• environmental
• environmentalism
• environmentalist
• environmentally

Establish: Thành lập, thiết lập, củng cố

The committee was established in 1912
Let's establish some ground rules.
• established / • disestablish
• establishment / • disestablishment

Estimate: ðịnh giá, ñánh giá, ước lượng

I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need
Official government estimates of traffic growth over the next decade
• estimation
• overestimate
• overestimation
• underestimate
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Evident: Hiển nhiên, rõ ràng (~obvious)
It was evident from his voice that he was upset.
The growing interest in history is clearly evident in the number of people visiting
museums and country houses
• evidence
• evidential
• evidently

Export: Xuất khẩu

90% of the engines are exported to Europe
• exporter

Factor: Nhân tố, yếu tố

The result will depend on a number of different factors

Finance: Tài chính, tiền bạc

Finance for education comes from taxpayers
• financial
• financially
• financier

Formula: Công thức

• formulate / • reformulate
• formulation / • reformulation

Function: Chức năng

The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body
• functional
• functionally

Identify: Nhận ra, nhận diện (= ID)

She was able to identify her attacker
Many of those arrested refused to identify themselves (= would not say who they
were).
The gunman in Wednesday's attack has been identified as Lee Giggs, an
unemployed truck driver.
• identifiable
• identification

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Income: Thu nhập
They receive a proportion of their income from the sale of goods and services

Indicate: (~show, point) Chỉ ra, biểu lộ

The signpost indicated the right road for us to follow
Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast.
• indication
• indicative
• indicator (=blinker)

Invidual: Riêng rẻ, riêng biệt

We interviewed each individual member of the community
• individualism
• individualist
• individualistic
• individuality
• individually

Interpret: Giải thích, làm sáng tỏ

The students were asked to interpret the poem
• interpretable
• interpretation
• interpretative
• interpretive
• misinterpret
• misinterpretation
• reinterpret
• reinterpretation

Involve: (~entail) Bao gồm, dính dáng ñến

The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.
The job involves my travelling all over the country.
Many of the crimes involved drugs
• involved
• involvement
• uninvolved

Issue: Vấn ñề
This is a big issue; we need more time to think about it
• issuer
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Labour: Lao ñộng (chân tay)
The company wants to keep down labour costs
• labor

Legal: Hợp pháp

They are currently facing a long legal battle in the US courts
• legality
• legally
• illegal
• illegality
• illegally

Legislate: Lập pháp

The government will legislate against discrimination in the workplace
• legislation
• legislative
• legislator
• legislature

Major = most of/most = serious = huge >big

We have encountered major problems
• majority

Method: Phương pháp, cách thức

A new method of solving the problem
• methodical
• methodically
• methodological
• methodologically
• methodology

Occur: (~happen) Xảy ra, xảy ñến (ñột ngột)

Something unexpected occurred
According to the police, the shooting occurred at about 12.30 a.m.
• occurrence
• reoccur

Per cent: Phần trăm

Poor families spend about 80 to 90 per cent of their income on food
• percentage
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Period: Giai ñoạn, khoảng thời gian
The factory will be closed down over a 2-year period/a period of two years
• periodic
• periodical
• periodically

Policy: Chính sách, ñường lối hành ñông (Chính phủ, ðảng, Nhà Nước…)
They have had a significant change in policy on paternity leave.

Pinciple: Nguyên tắc

I refuse to lie about it; it's against my principles.
Stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it.
• principled
• unprincipled

Proceed = continue = go on = tiếp tục = tiến hành = tiến trình

We're not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale
She sat down and proceeded to tell me about her skiing trip.
He outlined his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more detail.
Work is proceeding slowly.
• procedural
• procedure
• proceeding
• proceeds

Process: Quá trình, sự tiến triển

We're in the process of selling our house
• processing

Require: (~need) ðòi hỏi, yêu cầu

what do you require of me?
True marriage requires us to show trust and loyalty.
Lentils do not require soaking before cooking. (ðậu không cần ngâm…)
• requirement

Research: (v.n) Nghiên cứu

To research into the causes of cancer
I've done some research to find out the cheapest way of travelling there
• researcher

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Respond: ðáp lại, hưởng ứng
When asked about the company's future, the director responded that he remained
optimistic
• respondent
• response
• responsive
• responsively
• responsiveness
• unresponsive

Role: Vai trò

It is one of the greatest roles she has played
The role of the teacher in the classroom
This part of the brain plays an important role in learning.

Section (V: cắt, phân chia N: phần cắt ra)

The library has a large biology section

Sector (area, zone): Khu vực (kinh tế, kĩ thuật)

the manufacturing sector

Significant: Quan trọng, trọng ñại, ñầy ý nghĩa

It is significant that girls generally do better in examinations than boys
There are no significant differences between the two groups of students.
Your work has shown a significant improvement.
• significance
• significantly
• signify
• insignificance
• insignificant
• insignificantly

Similar: Tương tự
My teaching style is similar to that of most other teachers.
The two houses are similar in size
The brothers look very similar.
• similarity
• similarly

Source: Nguồn, nguồn gốc.

Your local library will be a useful source of information.
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Specific: Dứt khoát, rõ ràng, chi tiết, chính xác
I gave you specific instructions
‘I'd like your help tomorrow.’ ‘Can you be more specific’?
A specific purpose/reason
Could we arrange a specific time to meet?
• specifically
• specification
• specificity
• specifics
• unidentifiable

Structure: Cấu trúc

The grammatical structures of a language
• structural
• structurally
• restructuring
• restructure
• unstructured

Theory: Giả ñịnh, học thuyết

I have this theory that most people prefer being at work to being at home
• theoretical
• theoretically
• theoretician
• theorist

Vary: Thay ñổi (mức ñộ nhỏ) (ngọai, nội)

The menu varies with the season
Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.
What time do you start work?’ ‘It varies.’
The aerobics instructor varies the routine each week
• variability
• variable
• variably
• variance
• variant
• variation
• varied
• invariable
• invariably
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