SNC2P Worksheet! Cancer - Causes, Detection !

Amandeep Kaur
Name _________________________________

Read pp 42-51! and Treatment! 1

Page # ___________________
! ! 30 /11/2023
Date ____________________

! Causes
1.! Describe what a tumour is and the impact of the two major classes of tumours.

! Tumour! A tumour is an abnormal growth of cells which is spread in tissues and body organs.
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It does not spread to other parts of the body or nearby tissues. It is non-cancerous and if
! Benign Tumour! _____________________________________________________________________
a person recovers from it, there is a rare chance it will happen again.

! Malignant Tumour! It develops in all the body parts through tissues and disrupts their function. It may
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! be very dangerous for health.

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It is a primary factor of cause of cancer. A carcinogen is responsible for DNA alteration

2.! What is a carcinogen?!_____________________________________________________________________
and may lead to the unstoppable growth of cancer cells.

3.! Describe three causes of cancer. For each cause, describe steps that can be taken to prevent this
cancer.

! i)! Tobacco use:

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Cause: smoking and smokeless tobacco may lead to carcinogens and lead to a steady rise of cancer cells,
! which may result in throat, lung, and mouth cancer.
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! _________________________________________________________________________________________
Preventions: To reduce the risk of cancer people, have to avoid these kinds of products or consult with doctors

! _________________________________________________________________________________________
and experts who provide help to quit tobacco.

! ii)! UV radiation:
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Cause: exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun and other refrigerators results in skin cancer. Which is
! _________________________________________________________________________________________
very common nowadays.

! _________________________________________________________________________________________
Prevention: Use sunscreen cream with high SPF (sun protection factor), wear protective clothes and limit sun
! exposure during peak hours. Regular self-check for moles and changes on skin.
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! sedentary lifestyle (poor diet and lack of physical activities)

iii)! ____________________________________________________________________________________

! _________________________________________________________________________________________
Causes: high consumption of fast food, and sugary drinks as well as no physical exercise leads to
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obesity-related cancers like colorectal cancer.

Preventions: nutrients-rich diet of fruits vegetables and whole grains. Apart from this, regular exercise for health
! _________________________________________________________________________________________
and to overcome obesity.
! Detection
4.! Compare the ABCD’s of benign and malignant moles.
! ! ! Asymmetry! Border! Colour! Diameter

! Benign! Symmetry
_____________! _____________!
smooth _____________!
tan, brown _____________
less than
! ! ! _____________!
roughly same irregular
_____________! _____________!
brown black 6 millimeter
_____________

! Malignant! _____________!
asymmetrical _____________!
irregular _____________!
various shades larger than
_____________
! ! ! _____________!
not same jagged
_____________! _____________!
blue, red _____________
6 millimeter
electromagnetic
radiation
5.! X-rays are a form of __________________ similar to ______________.
light.

6.! Describe how x-ray images are used to detect cancer.

x-rays are used to detect cancer by creating images of inside parts of the body which helps doctor to
! _________________________________________________________________________________________

identify the abnormal growth and tumour.

! _________________________________________________________________________________________

7.! What is a mammogram? __________________________________________________________________

It is type of x-ray image use to detect breast cancer

sample of tissue to measure cancer is present or not

8.! What is a biopsy? ________________________________________________________________________

! Treatment

9.! Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the three cancer treatments:

Radiation Therapy Chemotherapy Surgery

targeted treatment
minimal damage of can target the cancer direct removal
nearby tissues. cells tumour
Advantages

skin changes, hair loss

multiple session may Nausea and Vomiting, invasive and risk
be required hair loss, may damage of complications
Disadvantages healthy cells