Worked solutions 1. The measuring device is accurate to +° kmh"! = £0.05 kmh! the range of values is 141.6 + 0.05 km h~? ‘The cricket player's actual bowling speed lies between 141 11.55 km kmh! and 141.65 kmh”! <3 < 141.65 kmh" 2% The width of the block could be from 164 m to 174 m. The length ofthe block could be from 21 m to:224 m. the lower boundary ofthe areais 16} x 21 = 954.75 m? and the upper boundary of the area is 174 x 221 = 393.75 m?. 4.75 m* < A < 393." ? 3) a Volume = 15 em x 12 em x Sem = 1440 em! b&b T Actual volume 13.3 em x 11.8em x 8.4 em = 1516.536 em* HW Absolute error = | Via — Ve Percentage error = Ye 100% = | 6440 — 1: |_7596 Len 6 5 100% = 76.536 em* 5.05% hoa Aras xT? 1 The radius length could be from 64 cm to 7} em, a : ._ the lower boundary of the area is = x (64)? and the upper boundary of the area (4 € Ifthe exact area Vp was 42 Soa 61=87 ’ =e? _ 5k - 2 ymin 6 aw (-3m)t = (-3)' x (miyt = Sim"? © T87Ex (Ast)? = 75% x 4S? = Tx Gish” = 44557WORKED SOLUTIONS 181. & Ry * =)? € Fae ee ta aeaey (2? 89 = (22) 4 et x Pa (ete & (tse ss) arte2tet css (A) arty (2) x3 ba bay d © 27h = (3th = = 35 Wea het sarah) Boat 45%) whet gad ae stxat 5X SF 45 x 5H = 2) 428! <9 +5 =teort—e =145" Pera 43) 2 9 2 tL gg ae =2 43x 2% = 8-2 eax 2 wa 49000 2 x 10000 = 42x10 13 Using technology: (3.57 = 10%) x (2.38 x 10%) = 8.4966 x 10? » € (0.00008)* = 4.096 x 10-17 wa B29 +72? — ar = 2 Bet 4 Ta? Br-2=0 Using technology, x ~ 0.667, 2.62, oF ~0.882 ateart42= 40 s443r)— ar? 4 8242-0 Using technology, 7 = 1.33 or —0.222 Sr -0.2216830081| CalSo, the solution is x = 1, y = 0. Br —Ty=-8 6r + Ly = 12 So, the solution is x = —0,0533, y= 1.12 ety t8s— pay 42: » (4.6) Area of triangle = $ x base x height bxixd Tait = TO) Tait 178,13, 18, 23,28, ae IB ‘The difference between successive terms is constant, the sequence is arithmetic with uy = 8 and 28 Buy =m, + (m1 © 2 = 3 4 5(42) uy = 8+ 5(n 1) =213 dot bet uy We Let tun = 4067 34 5n = 158 o. 34 5n = 4067 Sn = 4064 n=si2$ 153 is a member ofthe sequence, and in fact is But n must be an integer, 0 4067 is not a member of the 30th term, the sequence. 18 a If 3,k,11 are consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence, then k—-3=M—K {equating differences} k= kaaWORKED SOLUTIONS 183 b If 2, b-44, & +11 are consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence, then #411 (k-+4) {equating differences} K+ ka4 € IF k~5, 2k, 2k? are consecutive terms ofan arithmetic sequence, then 2k —(k—5) 2k — 2k {equating differences) ce RAS = 2K — 2k 2. 2k -3k-5=0 (Qk=5\k+1)=0 k=fa-t 1 a Buy = 800+ 1200 wa us mrt = 324... (1) ’ us = mr? = -10 a and uo = mir? = T8732. (2) and wo = wyr!! = = 160 ....(2) {=a} Now 2 = 12 (ayn) rt ora tV6 oa pees Using (1), u(3)* = 324 Tf r= 2 then using (1), uy(2)? ~ Sly = 324 Smad Thus ty = 4x3"! I r= —2, thenusing (1), us(-2) =128u ~ -10 ee et Thus uy = gx (-2)""! 21 2, 2V3, 6, 63 os ova wim wa a 6 <5 Consecutive tems have a common ratio of V5. “the sequence is geometie with my = 2 and r= V3. Buy =r © ayy = 2V3)* = Avan" = 4v3)" = 2V3 x (v5 =2¥8 x ((v9*)" = 25x = 162v3184__workep soueions. We need to find 1 such that 1 = 2(V3)"—! > 1000. Using a graphies caleuator with Y, = V9A(X — 1), we view a table of values: +. the population after n years is uy = 217 % (1.42)". aH us = 217 x (1.42)* Wty = 217 x (1.42)! 12528 T2341 ‘The expected popul ‘The expected population size after 10 years is ‘approximately 12 approximately 7230 © Wenced to find when 217 x (1.42)" = 30000. Using technology, n ~ 14.1, s0 twill ake approximately 14.1 years forthe population to reach 3000, 23a Ifthe interest rate per annum is 7.2%, then the imerest 6 The iterest is calculated monthly, so mn n= 3x 12 = 36 time periods. yx 300 « (1.006) = 60015 The value ofthe account after 3 years is €620.15. € real value x (1.02)? ~ €620.15, £62015, oa = 6584.38 ~ real value 124 There is 1 time period every 3 months, so n ~ °? — 11 time periods. *. the amount after 33 months is uyy = uo x (L+H)! = 3500 x (1.02)"" {2% = 435181 ‘The maturing value of the account is £4351.81 25- The initial investment ug is unknown, ‘There are r= 5 x 12 = 60 time periods. Each time period the investment increases by i — 48% a 04%. 1 need to invest $23610.14 now. 26a usw x (1-d)* = 2000 « (0.7)? {30% = 0.3) = 036 So, afer 3 years the value ofthe television is £686,10000, PMT =0, EV 12000, P/Y = 12, ‘The account paid about 4.06% interest per annum. b 1% cy N 205.2 {twill take 206 months or 17 years and 2 months for Lauren to double her deposit. 10000, PMT = 0, FV = 20000, P/Y = 12, 2 The series is arithmetic with Now $= 3(2u, + (n—1)d) 2. Sp = BQ x 114194) 10(22 +7) = 980 b 7+ 125418+235+.+ 106 The series is arithmetic with uy = 7, d= 5.5, and ty = 106. First we need to find Now ty = 106 my + (n= 1d = 106 1, d=4, and n= 20, . T+ 5.5(n — 1) = 106 Using Su = 5 + tn) 5501) = 9 + Sip = 27 + 106) 2 on=1=18 wes n=19 = 10735 © 1-2+3-4+5-6+7—... to 100 terms can be expressed as two separate arithmetic series: A4S+5474—. where uy 2, =50 and 2-4-6 -8—... where uy 2,0 = 50 Using Sy = 5 (2m +(n—1)d), the sum of the first series = $7(2(1) + 49(2)) So, 1-2+3-445-647- 4. The integers from 1 10 200 which are not divisible by 3 are 1,2, 4,5, 7,8, on 200 The sum of these integers can be expressed as two separate arithmetic series A and 1: Sqm VHA+T ++ 196-4199 where uy = 1, d= 3, ty = 199 and Sp =245+8+..4197 +200 where uy =2, d=3, ty = 200 Now for $4, uy 199 =143(n—1) 2. 198= 3(n=1) 66=n-1 n=O Using Sy = S(uy tun), Sa = FC +199) ‘The total sum = Sy + Sp = 6700 + 6767 = 13467186 _woxKHD soLUTIONS Wa uHl uy 46d = 1 using un =a, + (nd) BB wy + Md = Using technology to solve these equations simultaneously, we find that uy = 19 and d= ~3 buat (n= ayd © S.= Sint 9+ 26(—3) {using a} 30 18 Sm = $(2u, + (n= 1d) & Froma, (39 ~3n) = -210 32x 18 a(n—) (39 = 3n) =20 7 (89 — Bn) = -210 n= 13n = 140 =0 20)(n + 7) 31a The soquenceis arithmetic with ® Now 5, = B2u + (n= 1d) BAL 4 30) = 140 (asi n(LL43n) Ln + Sn? 3n? + 11n - 280-0 Sn? — 24n + 35n — 280 =0 n(n —8) + 35(n—8) =0 (n—8)(3n-+35) <0 8 (n>0) 32 a The series is geometric with u, = 10, r= 4, and & The series is geometric with uj = 2, 7 nae n=10. ae we) Now 19921875, SE 8 (2 = Be (24S (=) + BH (2) ‘The series is geometrie with uy = 3 x (~2)* and 11 = 20. wr) 33a 10+ 144184224... +198 is arithmetic with uy = 10, d= 4 Now uj +(n— 1d 1+4(n=1) = Hin =1) I= uy + uss) = B+ 138) = 808) an6 596 (sing technology) imine = §(1-(-2)") 2x 513 = 1026 wal 220) = 2(3) + 2(3)? 42(2)" + is an infinite geometric series with my = 2(3) = {and r= 3%. FSS 4y = 8-2-1 HOF THC) isan arithmetic series with ty =—3 and d Sn » Fln-7) n(n 7) n-™m—8 (n-a(n+ 1-0 n=8 {n>0} The series will eonvenge if |eommon ratio < 1 |e-2]<1 “lcr-2<1 dered FH re— ay" {uy =12, r= 2-2) eH) 2 and V5 satisfies Lr <3 °. when x = 5, the sum of the series = na 157. 2 PV = 120000, FV =0, P/Y =12, N= x12= 240, 1%= cy =12 * PMT ~ ~944.82 ‘The monthly repayment is $944.82 N=12, 1%=72, PV = 120000, PMT = cys o FV = T2133 ‘After 1 year, $117 211.33 is still owing on the loan. 944.82, P/Y = 12, Sq = Bday + (n= Iya) + Sa = $(-3) +(n—1)) =$(-6+n-1) =Fn-7 1 Amount paid = $044.82 « 12 $1200 — $117211.33 = $2788.67188__WORKED soLUTIONS I The load does not decrease by the full amount of the monthly repayment as the payment is used to pay interest as well as to reduce the principal dt N= 19% 12-228, Py 12 C/¥ PMT = -927.42 ‘The new monthly repayment is $927.42 1% = 695, PV = 1172113 2 FV =0, W 1% =6.95, PV = 1721133, PMT = 94.82, FV PIY = 12, C/Y = 12 Nw 219.5 twill take 220 months to pay off the est of the loan with the original repayments, the loan will be paid off'8 months earlier, wa PMT = ~933.62, FV =0, P/Y PV = 23 110.12 Oscar borrowed $23 110.12 B Interest ~ $9533.62 x 8 x 4 ~ $23 110.12 = $6765.72 © EN =6x4=24 1% = 655, PV = 2311012, PMT = -933.62, PIY=4, C/Y=A FV = 6917.33, So, the outstanding balance is $6947.33 WI%= PY = 6947.33 — 3000, PMT -9 FV-0, PIV=4, C/V =A Ne saly take another 5 quarters to pay off the rest ofthe loan. time saved Bx 4- (6x 445) -29 quarters 38a real interest rate multiplier x 1.003 = 1.012 Low real interest rate multiplier = om = 1.00897 real interest rate = 0.897% © 0.9% b N=5x4=20, 1% cy =4 PV = 12418.68 2 PV 2000, PMT = -300, P/Y After 5 years, Cassie will have €12.413.68 in her savings account. 1a)*4 = €12413.68 Now real value x (1.0 1 value ~ €12413.68 + Realyale = (00a) = E11 691.81 39 a N=4x 12=48, PV = -81000, PAT = 2000, FV =0, P/Y = 12, cy = 12 1% = 8.60 Bill needs to receive 8.60% p.a. compounded monthly,” WORKED SOLUTIONS —_189 0, Py=1% C/y=12 Rope Iotersat I I%= 7. PV PMT = 1939.64 81.000, FV Bill would receive $1939.64 per month. N = 10x 12 = 120, 1% = 5.2, PMT = 2002 = 400, FV = 0, P/Y =12, C/¥ =12 PV = 37367.19 So $37:367.19 should be invested now to provide such an annuity ‘Total interest = $200 x 2 x 12 x 10 ~ $3767.19 = $4800 ~ $3967.19 = s1063281 Jog(10" x 1000") ’ © log(2' = 5") = log(10° x (10°)") 10" = log((2 5)9) = log 10?) = loatto) -t =94+3b ana? 2= 10? & 200 - 10!" © 0.02 = 10!%80.02 w= 190010 = 1922010 w= 1y-teo Inet x e4) b ee aem Inge) = Inve aed =l-m & 500-0 ¢ 023 = nas = iso! wie wear Jin81 +n 12— Ind & Slog? - log 24 = }In(3*) + Inf x 4) — In = log(2") — log 24 = Y1In3) + In3 + bet — Let log 8 ~ log 24 = n3+In3. = los(Zi) 203 = loa(4) In(3?) = Ino 5 + log 3 ~ $ log 49 ~ 5 + log — log(494) = log(10") + log 3 — log = log(3 x 10°) — log? = (2822) 6 Jog0 box ( 128) © bog = log(5 x 10) og 125 — log 100 = 1og5 + log 10 = Log (5) — log( 102) art! og.5 —2log 10 Br-24190_woRKp Sout rion AT A=logP, B=logQ, C=logh 4 log(PQ) = log P + lon © tos(P2QVR) « voe( 42) aAtB = log(P?) + log + log 4) = log P + log(Q) — log( R2) = 2log P + log +} log = A+ SlonQ - 2log R =A+3B-2C ‘ log __ low(3#) fp 288 _ lout") e602 _ toga) Tog 4 > oat) Togst Tog) — Shes? _ = Blog? © Bog? hog? -i =i =-4 49 8 In2—Inl0 & -In3-3 © fn6442In2 In(2 x 10) — In 10. (In 13 +3) in(644) + In(22) In? + Jat — Jat —(In 13 + Infe*)) =Ind+ind = ne In(13e") =2in4 In(4?) lnit6 so 8 & loge=} © logs = 5.2831 r= tot x whet rs 2i5 = 192000 ST Slog.r = log24 + log(3) b Ine =n 12—In(7 ~ 2) log(*) = log( 3!) tnx ~mn(: ~ log(s*) = lors m8 #2 logs + logis — 2) =1 « logla(s =2)) = 1 a(e—2)= 0 1 #t-2r-10=0 te _ tev (1-3)(r+1 =0 2 zo Sor -1 _deavit 2 But + = —1 does not satisfy the original equation, as In(—2) is undefined, = 14 Vir But x= 1~V/TT = ~2.82 does not satisfy the original ‘equation, as log(1 ~ VII) is undefined. the only solution is = 1 + VT “the only solution isWORKED sou TIONS ‘AT A= logP, = logQ, C= log h # lon(PQ)=logP~lonQ & tog P°QVR) «© 1S) a Ate, r6(P?) + log Q + logit) log P + to(Q) ~ log(F) = Blog P+ logQ + } low R = A+ BlogQ ~ 2log =2A+B+4C +3820 Joes _ tow) 1oe0.25 _ lowt2-*) “es Poet ~ font Tog oni) _ Bog = Fog “3 49 a n20-mn10 b -mnts-3 . x 10)~ (in13-+3) + bet ~ Lert (In 13 + In(e*)) = 2ina so a © logs = 5.2801 2 reo . r= 001 _ r= 192000 soa = log 24 + log(4) » Ine =I 12 In(7~ 2) Yon (38) . ne=ta( 2.) 7 ba eo T= . a(7— 2) = 12 Ten at= 12 2 Pote+=0 (r-3)(z-4)=0 In(z? — 3) —In(2r) = 0 (= ae+ = 0 fg dor “1 But 2 = =1 does not satisfy the original equation, as In(—2) is undefined. ~ the only solution is = 3. ord logs + loge ~ 2) ©. log(x(x—2)) ae) = =14viT But 2 —1-VTT = ~2.32 does nt satisfy the original equation as Jog(1— WTI) isundefined. the only solution is = 1+ ¥TH.WORKED SOLUTIONS _19} a2 -25108(£) Jupiter has apparent magnitude — 2.6. When M=-26, 26 ~~250n(£) e toe() = F=10! x Fy Jupiter has observed flux density 101 x Fy. °, Venus has observed flux density 5.2 x 10" x Fy. When #52100 Fy, A= —25tog( S221 Fe) % ~2.5log(5.2 x 10) = 430 ‘Venus has apparent magnitude ~4.39. a ara b ersteo -9 . Fw i an * — {quadratic formula} aot a =-44 41 © utert5=0 1s VP i EVE AGI (quadrai formuta) pai = 3451 . so Bw = (+i) 945 » in? — (a+ 5)? =2+i-9- 151 (9+ 301 +2512) 16-4 30) = 161 +307? 30 161 oe Smut) = 16soa (8-202 — i) Se = Sy — Bri + Dy? J. (Br 2y) + (By ~ 22)i = » (et wi)? = (2 ~ yi)? = ey + 16 oo he tay + yh? = 29 + Daye — Pi? = 2 — y+ 164 Anyi == y +164 quan real and imaginary prs, quting real and imaginary parts, Br—2y=0 and —3y—2r=-1 ea y=0 and dey =16 o Sr=2y and Sy+2r=1 ‘r= y and dry = 16 ae and ay b20e~ 1 ode = 6 os y+ 2(%2)=1 . Wy +dy=3 ly =3 wa 1d and = Bag 7. aa ‘aa =a OT asaaisy Gas a lo -0.0819.08 -aresa04 Ic Ic [xommcce (6 ~5i)8 = 294 — 415; SB =2+i, wa -2i #2 tw = 224i) + (3-21) = 4243-21 Cet | fae | [a +11 » =3421-(2+1) B421-2-5 | siti ] omWORKED SOLUTIONS _193, © 42st: t+23- 21) +21 ~is6- 441 =8-5i 59 |2|=3 a |321=3]>| & 1@+H21=[24:8H12] = 3) -VFFE a) “9 =3v5 0 a Deis Fcis bb (cis 5)? =2ein(F +92) fein = cis(2 HB) {(cin0)" = cisnd) = 2eise = cis = 2oons + isinx) = con + iin tt =-8 44 dcis(+ 152) (= cisOcis lin — {eis(@ + 0) ~ cis@ cise) = cis (cisz)"® {einnd = (i08)") = 2cis HF = (cosd+ isin 6 (cos + isin x)! = 2cis 5 (cos + isin8)(—1)"* = 2Acos F + isin 5) = —cosé — isin? =% 1 = VEti, w= 2-21 & w= Deis x 2VBeis(—F) = Wiel — 9) = AV2cis(—) (€ When = is multiplied by w, itis dilated with scale factor 2V2, then rotated clockwise through $ about the origin.194 _workep souumoys 62 j2)=4, |w/=5 1b OABC is acyclic quadrilateral. AOC + ABC wea [Feif=2 aie =¢ is (polar form) (exponential form) 74% = 72Beis0.278 a [te il= V2 arg +8) = 5 14a = V2e'F |Vi-i|=2 ang(v3-i)=-% V3-i= 201% Hellel ductal = 5V3 units® {using a} on SE 4+ Di sin SE V3+i (Cartesian form) = 2c! (exponential form) b deine WT2E-avbh 2140487774 +17588053803i]So, 2" isteal when sin 2 nn 12 bn hed Yh kez the smallest postive integer n sue that 2" is areal mumberis n = 12 when k= 5. 67 a [-14i]— V2 ang(-14i)— € (-1.+ iw is perpendicular to = ifthe difference between their arguments isan odd multiple of $. (-1 + i)w" = vie x (20%)" {using a} =D VEeF x oi =P VIED (2k+1)E where ke Z. (2k +15 eke NE Lon 1 62k+1) m= 6(2k-+1) +1 ‘We want the smallest positive integer, 0 we try k= 0. 2 n=6041)+1=7 te smallest positive integer such that (—1 +i)” is perpendicular to = is n= 7, 68 a Qsin(4t +2) +Ssin(4t +5) Sn 2cistt +2) + Seis + 5)) Sra 2e8120 4. (4400) = I(t" (2e% + 36%) = Im(e™ (1.06e~?%")) Im.) & 1.06 sin(4t — 1.55)196_worKeD soLt-TIONS & L.Seas(10t ~ 3) + 4.5 eos(10 +7) = Re(1.5cis( 10 ~ 3) + 4.5 cis(10" + 7)) sais asters) = Bele (1.5e-™ + 4.56)) ceteigasony, waster) 3m +096) cee 1-23 a 1 439 (3 ot) (4 4) eG 78) ft Miecrrothin 23, Theonkroris 2x2 Ml Theontraf Cis 213 1-2 ay, (4-12 (3 0 t)+G 7 6) id fed aes : a% are WB -+C cannot be found as the matrices do not have the same order. re msc-3(3 It 4) -(@%4 3x(-1) a) bo A+ =\ax2 gx 3x0 _(2 -3 6 “(6 3 0 W Bis 2x2 andAis 2x3». BAis 2x3. —_"* m-(45)G 0 2) (AxLEDKS 4x(-2)41K0 4x8400 Tx 1435 -1x(-2)43x0 -1x3+3%1 _(9 8 13 uM o2 00 : m5 et OCS) (a) : (k 42k + 1)—1x (-1) 40x38 -(3) Sk +1)+ (2-7) x(-Itixs) as w+ 3k +241 a P+ 3k +13 -(%3) Equating elements gives —k?I k=O, then 4343 If k= 3, then b+ 3k +3= kes € dae x4-2%6 = 2-12 2-3 m a=(3 -3 4] ond B 22 -3 -1 0 1\/1 2 -3 apa-(-17 -3 3) [3 3 4 -12 -2 9/\2 2 -3 100 (8 1 ‘) {using technology} oon 12 ‘b In matrix form, the system is | 3-3 22 ‘This has the form Ax = Premultiplying by B, BAx ~ Bb k= Bb -1 01 waxes [a7 -3 13 <2 -2 9 WORKED SOLUTIONS _197 andPis 2x2. QRis 3x2. GG) 1x5 40x6 -1x5+4x6 2x541x6 1x 240%4 -1x2+4xd 2xlelxd ) )Q?}98_ WORKED SOLUTIONS + woamtm mows (2 3)(5)-(1) ‘This has the form Ax = bb where x isa vector of unknowns and b is a vector of constants Premultiplying by A~!, A~!Ax = A~!b more em 2)(8)-C) - 13-4 74 a Inmarix torm,thesysemis (2 1 1 1-42 0-0) a p(d) = det(M— A) -| aot | 6 Ate = (A-3)(A42)-6 7-6-6 =N-A-12 & pA)=0 when X?—-12=0 (A-4(A+3)=0 Aad or -3 +. the eigenvalues ae and —3, For =4, comer (1 Aye =0- with x= (§)) (4 8) (5) =(0) 6 6)(s)-(0 atb=0 Leting 9 = 44 0, then @ Geve Am scott fim (10 eaniemccr comeing ie sige fae X= emi at=a=0 wih a= (2). ; (2 A)G)-(0) tating 0168 On bt (j)nevo ‘Any vector of the form ( i je 1 £0 isan eigenvector corresponding 1 the eigenvalue ~3.re sontrrionss 199 € 1 Suppose x isan eigenvector of A corresponding tothe eigenvalue So, xis also an eigenvector of 2A coresponding to the eigenvalue 20 “Thus, using + Any vector ofthe form (7 )t 140 Kan elgemeetorof24 conesponting othe gevalve 21) ~8 + Any vector ott famm (Jt, £0 isan cigemeetorof 2A coresonding othe igenale 2(—8 Suppose x is an eigenvector of A corresponding to the eigenvalue A, Axa dx AAR = AHOn) R= MATS) “od Atea ie So. ako an cigemvecorof A~! consspontingto th cigemaue Ths sing bs + Any vector ofthe form (4 140 iraneigemestarof A? corssponding tthe cigvaie ‘© Any vector of the form (i)e ero isan eigenvector of A~! corresponding tothe eigenvalue —}. 3-5 = 1 ww a=(F 9). 0= (2). == (4) 1 mim (2 4) 1-1) (-9 caeu=a (-2 -3)(2 a) (2 roye-s HHL. 0) (FS (30 Co 6 _(-l0 “Lo 2 "the eigenvalues oF A are —1 and 2, ” (4 4) pid) = det(Al~ A) _Ja-3 2 +1 A+1 == A+)-8 2-3-8 =M-2-1200_workep soLUTiONS. & P(A) =0 when 9?-2A-11=0 a avis 2 2eav5 2 142V3, «he somteran 142 For \=1+2V4, consider (AI—A)x=0 with x= (4 ba) (0) . 2at (2+ 2V5)=0 2 2a +2(1+ VE=O a+ (1+ Vi-0 Letting b= ¢, 40, then a= (1+ vI)e = (4) +40 Any vector ottbefom ("5 Y)., 1£0 isancigrsestrconespontingto th sigemaie 1+ 28 (i); For A= 1~2V3, consider (AN—A)x=0 with x= (5 : C724 sa) ()-(0) 2a + (2- 2V3\b=0 2a +2(1 - V3)b=0 a+ (1- v3)b=0 Letting 6=¢, t #0, then a= —(1~ v3\t (14). 70 “M5 Any vector ofthe form ( js 1 £0 is an eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue 1 2V3, © From b: és (14%) isan eigenvector corresponding tothe cigarraive 1-2. += (17°) iensigmeceronentig te sna 12. mia=( 4 “sy iagonalises A with raps (18 taaya)) na-(7 i) 8 For A= 2, comider (MEA) = 0 with x= © (Gt) ()=(0) 2 0-280 Lting b= 1, £0, then a = 21 (2) “Any vector ofthe form (F )e £40 isan eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue —2. ¢WORKED SOLUTIONS _201 For A= 5, consider (I~ Ajx=0 with x= (§). 6 -2)(a)_(0 <3 1 ob) \o sa +b=0 Letting ot. #0, then 6 = 3¢ 1 wae (j)eteo Any vector the form ( 4), € 4.0 ivan genvector coresponding tothe eigenvalue 5. © From: one (7) is an eigenvector coresponding tothe eigenvalue ~2. + 4.=(}) ean domnesr cannes Ptals)=(7 5) diagomtsesawin eter (“) $) eatar( 2 Yes -(F ACO a)en(4 3) AP a)(ASP Ns) -+( 6x2" + (3x23 9 Patuin)=(77 3) iagonalses A with Piar= (5 $) srwe(3) a=r(} ‘er “(FFE Ye(4 4) “GF e)C 4) -(5 5) cers ye “GSC a) 4) Cy" gee (4 4) =(*P 1d x 34 14 x SK ahaa a 7x3 6x4"-202__worgtp sonemions _fl-t w(h w reaeoreay some PPS! yh, o A-DA-4 +250 MA BA+442=0 5A ro © the eigenvalues of A are 2 and 3. For \=2, consider (MI A)x=0 with x= (7 }. (1 1)(a)_ (0 *( 4)G@)-G) 1 atb=0 Lotting b=, #0, then «= —t exe (4) )ereo () ‘Any vector ofthe form ( i ). 1£0 isan eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue 2. For 1=8, consider (A A)x = 0. with x= (3): (4 4)G)-() et b=0 Letting a=t, ¢ #0, then b= —2t ve (A )eezo ‘Any vector ofthe form (4). 1:40 isan eigenvector coresponding to the eigenvalue 3. bt dea = (yy --N@ i amy vector of the form (Verve “amy vector of the form (69 ea also an eigenvector of A~! corresponding to the also an eigenvector of A~' corresponding to the eigenvalue $. eigenvalue 4