‘Yoo aus sooue yu sou *ep03 pion ou ul By U| uo>NpO.AU BuypeD} axa s) ABQ}quH seussyey Supeor anepuna suBnowy soypny oy sx Aajwaprosd 40 uoysinciuios ot 10H UE Soeds Jo FuH9pIO an pu ayy peDOg awe -peL), sods pus sw uy dopsesesuy sords peuossog suoySu 32eq pur avon auouioSeuew dorsssedany sae simunasery dls pue Apog ‘erey anBuor ox 50 says uopreren piel sipusimpen poy nit Pie jn Teks sonra pgzuo pe spungy ‘ionnayoe pue ooe sonows put nantes opedtumutuos jequen ey Soroposane pur Aéopososanny au KepAions 30 Zprae tu gv] AepAroag pue uonsesajuy perogChapter Hise you ever had s fce-to-dce conversation with someone from another country? Or eonnetted an overseas website? Have you ever traveled to mother par af the work? Ifyou answered ‘yer Ta any of these questions, you have withessed the effets of globalization on social ineraczon. Social ineraction is the process by which we act and react in relation to those around us. While theee have always been interactions between people of different nations, globalization as changed both the fequency and the nature of thase contacts, With lobalzzcion a greater proportion of our Jmeractions come to involve, directo indirect, people from other counties or cultures, ‘What are the characteris of socal ntecactons that take place berween indivicoale of ciferent nations? Important coatsibutions to the study of this problem ive been made by those working it the area ofthe woxiology of woursm, Globalization has greatly expanded the possible for inter national travel, both by encouraging an interest in ‘other counties and by flitting the movement o¢ ‘ours across international herders. High levels of ‘nctnational tourism, of couse, translae ine au increas in the number of ce ¢0-fce interactions heoween people of diffrent counties, According 'o John Urry (1990), many of these interactions sate shaped by the “tourist gaze’, ene expectation fn the part ofthe tours thee he ce she wil have vou experiences while teveling abroad ‘Exotic’ experiences are thove that violate one eveeyday expectations about how social interac- tion and ieeracion with eke physical envionment are supposed to proceed. Far other Eeropeans tuavelling to Bria, for example, the face thatthe British dive om the lef-band side of the zoad is Usconcerting. Rules ofthe road ae so ingrained that we experience violations of those ruler as seange. Yet ar tourists we aso cake please in this suangeness. aa sense, is what we have paid money t0 see ~ along with the fimous tourist Social interaction and Everyday Life aturctioas. nagine how diappointed you would © be tFyon travelled se a dlferene county only my find that ie was almost exactly the sae 25 the Fy ‘or town in which you grew up. ‘Tourins mosty do aor want tier experiences to be nie exatic. One ofthe more popular destna tions for young eavelles in Pais for example, MeDovale’s ft food cestaurans, Britons avling || abroad offen cannot esi sopping in English sy fobs and faves. Somerimes such diversions are 8 cesult of curiasiy, but often people enjoy ste ‘omort of familiar food and drink in a taming setting. The contradictory demands or the exotic ad the fama are 2 she hear of the tourist pe The tous gaze may put striae on face tore | interactions between tourins and Local. Loeais vio ace part of the rouse industry may appre ae overseas travellers for the economic bencfis they bring to the places they visit, Other locas | may reseattousss for their demanding attitudes cor forthe overdevelopment thar often occu i popular tours: destinations. Toutes may inte togate locals about aspects oftheir every such as their food, wosk and recreational habits they may do this either to enbacee theie under standing of other cultures, of t9 make acgatve judgements on those who are different fom “| themselves. As tourinm increases with the match of globalization, sociologists will have s9 watsh carcilly to see what dominane porcine of inter action emerge between tousists and locals, and to determine, among other things, whether thes interactions tend 10 be fiendly o* anragonistic The study of everyday life Adhough a Fest glance tourism ight not seem 10 hold parcular interest for secologists, the exper ‘ences of tourists abeoael can actully tell us a gest eal about the social word. The iden ofthe “oust SOCIAL INTERACTION AND EVERYDAY LIFE a1 pv inporan fr wat ve about hel ee cas gestae seis era (Cd win cores wncting oa eat onen ee sce and ts ten mag tog rote orign min et natcral co fe forte tl poplion an example, Were” uis ving 4 iin coum or ee ft ine ae Beg IAS by the sound of tie “al To payer wh ite ie tines each ay fom te are fed flo meen The bea, has {ngound nfs mom Werner For joed residents, however, the call to prayer i $0 (chs par of evry ie hte peers sore ox unconscondy. If they eco the We, hee the el w pg 0k goin ally heard, they would experience its absence as stcange and diorienting ‘No maser what pare of the word we lve in, there ae chings we do counties times & day with ‘out giving them much thought, Take as another example 2 very basic interaction which happens millions of times a day in the owas and cites of the world. When two people pass exch other on a sret, they beefy exchange gunces ara distance, snd then look away and evoid each other's eyes when they physically pass by- In doing this, they demouswate what Esing Goffman (1969, 1971) the civil inattention we require of one nother in many situations, Givil inattention is not the same as merely Ignoring another person. Each individual i clcates recognition ofthe other penon’s presence, The Gil inattention people give to each other on the street does not just happen but isa technique sSeveloped by cy-dwellers that has been observed and studed by symiooli interactionstRACTION AND EVERYDAY bot avids any gee chat might be taken a to0 inte. Chl nstnton & ome eo alos scat, brits acon eet fur everyday toes You may thnk that teva apace of soi bebwvout~ such suing como oe be or sessing 20 unbnarpractnes He sere fo prajer~ ar minors niteeane. Yara study of seemingly insignicaelonm of og intacion of mje penance twee Far from being unsering. ison ottnse storing ara of ecole nentgae Tet Fist, our dy-o roitins, withthe mon conse intention Wh ethos ie and form to wha wed, Wecan es on about ouaehes ec hgh and voor Lei fom sting tem Dur nee iced sound the rpeton ef snile pe behavoar om diva dn eek toe f mont aed yet yee Tne otha Sid yer, remand hed berg 1 they were oti mess, is al patsy You sot ap saber the see une eae saporane rate in You map ae Of te lesons oleae yearly tea ig malog 2 journey fom hows to cnt col at on mate aly ery chan ak feshas me ome fend for hneh aca Shit opiate syn te afernode e seinced sour atts Pak hom, posh oan lec the evening whee Gee, Of couse, the routs we low fom day 0 ay ae no ena an our pena of eee se wsskcds sal cnt of dye Adit Second the suidy of everyday le reveals how horint can act creaelyt0 shape sea ‘Although socal behaviour is guided to some earn by forex such as roles, norms and shared cmen, faions, indhiuals perceive. cali ifrecy ascording to thie backgrounds, intrest ont ‘motivations, Because individuals ae eapatic at ‘tative action, they continuously shape realign ond Pb Haaser, Carol Brooks four tht i various stingy, est fy eee of conmraction er tese pe of unwanted interaction occur as some- oven aqui vparence cabs joush the harassment of @ single woman Fmnight bé analysed in microsociological terms jlooking at a single interaction, it is not fteracions cannot simply be understood Rout alo looking at the larger background Gender hierarcy in society. In this wey Orainary fife would be impossibie it we had think consciously about every day vase yer among other mechanisms that give cry ie, ‘phe busting crowds and fleeting, impersonal innit, che charscer it has. | Mesotocology and macrosociotogy The stidy of evercay behaviour in situations of Recio‘Rce ineracion is usually called mero {logy In mircsocoiogy, anal occurs a the [Ee of eaividuls or small groups. Te dite from [p Bagstocology, which concerns ite with ange Sele cl sysers, tke the politcal system or the | Poth oder. Jako inhades the analy offong |B Poses of change, such athe devopment Giidioealon, At ft sigh, it mighe seem os # miso and macro analyss ae stint Form ig human inercions Tis od thesia entrain etn ae 28 the heat ofthe symbole inten he intocuced in chapter 1 WhacisSoisog ‘Third, dying socal intracion in ee sheds lighe on Inger social systems sad fons All arge-ale soil systems, ia fc, dep gate paces of cil incercson ve ee dy. This easy to demonstace. Conse a the cas oftvo strangers passing the set 2 event ay een to hve lite dc lt f large-scale, more permanent forms of 28 fnganiston, "Wut when we take into 200 ‘any such insracons, this s no longer of Imodeen scieses, most people lie in owes Cities and constanty insrac with others wil ‘hey do not know personaly Civil naenton 1981; Giddens rl see throughout this chaptes, ne pH i essential if we ate co under 22 pC institutional background of daily ne JM Ssn which peopl ve thee evap’ leg SOCIAL INTERACTION AND ‘we con see how micro and macro analysis are ‘connected. For example, Gardner linked the harassment of women by men to the larger system of gender inequality, represented by ‘mole privilege In public spaces, women’s phys. ‘eal vulnerability and the omnipresent treat of rape, Without making this link between micro sociology and macrosociology, we can only have @ limited understanding of these inter. actions. tt might seem as though these types Of interactions are isolated instances, or that they could be eliminated by teaching people 00d manners. Understanding the lirk be. ‘tween micro and macro helps us see that in ‘order to tackle the problem at Is root causes, fone would need to focus on eliminating the forms of gender inequality that give rise to such interactions. are greatly affected by the broader iostiutional famework, a8 is obvious when the daly oye of sacdvites of a waditional culure is compared with lie in an industrialized urban environment Jn mover societies, we are constantly in contact. with strangers. This cantace may be indieet and impersonal. However, 80 mater how mai inte- ft relations we enter ino today, even in the mort complex socises, the presence of othce people ‘onains crucial, While we may choose to end an acquaintance an e-mail mewsage on the internet, we can also choose to fy uhoustads of miles to spend the weekend with a Bend ‘Micro studies are in their tare necessary for llussinating. brosd ineitional petterns, Face to-fice interaction is clecly the main bass of all foes of coca inceraction, no matte: how large scale the context. Suppoce we are studying a bua dss corporation. 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