 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

ã¹]<gè…‚jÖ]æ<ËÖ]<Üé×Ãj×Ö<íÚ^ÃÖ]<퉉ö¹]
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

?‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬
 E‫א‬FW‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

1428 
  
‫א‬‫א‬


 

 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ، 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ? ?? ‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬       
  
‫א‬‫א‬


 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W168‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬
     
 60  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 43  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 30  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 20  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
  
‫א‬‫א‬


 W‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
  JW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬E

 ‫א‬

  -

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 G

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
  
‫א‬‫א‬


‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

1
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 Gas welding‫א‬‫א‬1 J1
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KAcetylene C2H2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
KEFillerF‫א‬EWeld poolF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬KEBeadF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 

 ‫א‬WE1F
Gas welding equipment‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 WCylinders‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬E3244F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KE339010F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

-1-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 WPressure gauge‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 WRegulator‫א‬ J3
 KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WSafety valve‫א‬ J4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WTorchE‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬ J5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬KE300.2F‫א‬‫א‬EBase metalF‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WHoses‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E2F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 

-2-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE JF‫א‬
 

-3-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 Weld joints‫א‬
Corner‫א‬،Lap‫א‬‫א‬،Putt‫א‬W ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬E3F‫א‬KT- jointETFEdge‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 

 

 

   T J  ‫א‬

 K‫א‬WE3F‫א‬    
 WEdge preparation‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE4F‫א‬KK15<X15–4V

   

 ‫א‬‫א‬WE4F‫א‬

-4-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 WWelding positions‫א‬
E5F‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 

 

 
 

 K‫א‬WE4F‫א‬
 
 WWelding movements‫א‬
Forehand‫א‬KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KWide bead‫א‬‫א‬Backhand‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E5F‫א‬K

 

 
 

 ‫א‬    

 ‫א‬WE5F‫א‬
 
 
 

-5-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 WFlame types‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WCarburizing flame‫א‬
 KK‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WOxidizing flame‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WNeutral flame ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 Kº1800‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º3000‫א‬‫א‬º1000
E6F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬

   
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE6F‫א‬ 

-6-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 E1F
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K -
K‫א‬‫א‬ -
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K2‫א‬L5‫א‬ J1
K2‫א‬L25‫א‬ J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4

 W
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6

-7-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 

KKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬ J9
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-8-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

 
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W ‫ א‬ J10


 
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

-9-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬E2F
 W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ J1
K‫א‬ J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J6
K‫א‬‫א‬ J7
K J8
K J9
 

- 10 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬E3F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K 
K 
 K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J3

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬‫א‬

 

- 11 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J5
 

 

 W
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
K  J6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
 

- 12 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E4F‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K -
K -
K -
K‫א‬ -
K -
K15C6C3‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬2‫א‬ -
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K2‫א‬L5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J4
K‫א‬

- 13 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K45‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J5
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬16L18L1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
K8L3،4L1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8

 

- 14 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J9
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J10

 
 
 
 
 
 

K ‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
KKKKK‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬KKK
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J12

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

K2L1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J13
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J14
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J15
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬90‫א‬‫ א‬ J16
KK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J17

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬L ‫א‬L
65 1/32ʺ 5 7 – 18
0
60‐56 1/16ʺ 5 8 – 20
1 56‐54 3/32ʺ 5 12 – 20
2 54‐53 1/8ʺ 5 14 – 24
3 53‐50 3/16ʺ 5 16 – 25
4 50‐46 1/4ʺ 5 20 – 29
46‐44 3/8ʺ 5 24 – 33
5
40 1/2ʺ 5 30 – 40
30‐29 5/8ʺ 5 30 – 40
6
23 3/4ʺ 5 30 – 32

- 17 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E5F‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K -
K -
K‫א‬ -
K15C6C3‫א‬‫א‬ -
KK2 -
K‫א‬ -
KE2F‫א‬‫א‬ -
K -
 K -
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬  J1
24‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬  J3
45‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J4
K‫א‬

 

 

- 18 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K86 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 

8L116
 L1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

KKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J8
 W
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11
 

- 19 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

 

- 20 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E6F‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬  J1
K  J2
K  J3
K6C2C8L1‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬‫א‬  J5
K2  J6
K  J7
K  J8
   
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
‫א‬8L116L1‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J3
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L24‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬‫א‬L15
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K

‫א‬‫א‬،16L1‫א‬  J6
‫א‬‫א‬KKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬16L1‫א‬‫א‬

- 21 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J8
K‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J9
K‫א‬‫א‬
K  J10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11
 
 

 

- 22 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W
‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬180‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 

 

- 23 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K -
K‫א‬ -
K‫א‬ -
K6C3C8L1‫א‬‫א‬ -
K8L1 -
K‫א‬ -
KE2F‫א‬‫א‬ -
K -
 K -
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J1
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬  J3

 

 

- 24 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 

 

K‫א‬‫א‬  J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   J9

- 25 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K  J10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11

 E8F
  WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K -
K -
K‫א‬ -
K6C2C8L1‫א‬‫א‬ -
K2‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ -
K -
K -
KE1F‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬ -
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬16L1‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K8 L1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬

- 26 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K80–60‫א‬ -
 K40–30‫א‬ -
 
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K E
 K‫א‬E
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 KE
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 

- 27 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 

- 28 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

2
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 Electric welding‫א‬‫א‬1 J2
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 WElectric arc welding‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬KE‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬Eheat affected zoneF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E7F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE7F‫א‬
 
 
 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8F‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬  

 
 MIG  TIG
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE8F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬،
 K‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E9F‫א‬K‫א‬

 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬WE9F‫א‬ 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 KE10F‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE10F‫א‬
 Resistance welding‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
Direct F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ecurrent
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 KE11F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
    

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬WE11F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Spot welding‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬EFSeam welding‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KFlash welding‫א‬‫א‬
 KE12F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،
 
   

   

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬WE12F‫א‬
     
 
   

- 32 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E9F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K6C3C8L1‫א‬‫א‬ -
 EE6012F8L1 -
K -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
KE10F -
K -
K‫א‬ -
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬‫א‬  J5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
KE125F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬  J8

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

- 33 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 

K‫א‬‫א‬  J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
 JW‫א‬  J11
 K‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J12
 
 
 

- 34 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E10F
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEE6012F32L5 JKEE6010F8L1 -
KE7018F32L3 JEE6013F32L3 -
  W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E6010‫א‬8L1  J1
K‫א‬

 

‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬  J2
 JW‫א‬‫א‬
 K E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

KE1F‫א‬8L1‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
40 20 1/16 1/16
80 30 3/32 1/32
120 50 1/8‐1/4 1/8
170 75 1/8‐1/4 5/32
210 100 1/4‐3/16 3/16
250 120 1/4‐3/16 7/32
330 160 1/4‐5‐16 1/4
420 200 5/16‐3/8 5/16

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
KE2F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬  J6
E2F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J1
?‫א‬KKKE6012،E6010‫א‬‫א‬  J2
 EAWSF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

  JW‫א‬
K‫א‬–EEFE
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
  JW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 KE،،F‫א‬ZE1F‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K‫א‬‫א‬ZE2F‫א‬
 K‫א‬Z‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11F
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K  J1
K  J2
K‫א‬  J3
K6C3C8L1  J4
K8L1EE6010F  J5
K‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬  J8
KE10F  J9
 K  J10
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J1
KE F‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬  J3
KEE6010F8L1120‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬
K‫א‬  J7
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J8
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫ א‬ J9

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
F ‫א‬‫א‬،16L3‫א‬
KE8L1،10L1
 
 W
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬  J11
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J12

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K 
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K  J1
K  J2
K‫א‬  J3
  J4
K6C2C8L1  J5
K8L1EE6010F3  J6
K‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬  J9
KE10F  J10
K  J11
   J12
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J1
K‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K8L1120‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬2L1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫ א‬ J9
K‫א‬‫א‬  J10
K‫א‬2L1‫א‬9،8‫א‬  J11
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J12
KE‫א‬‫א‬F
K‫א‬‫א‬  J13
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J14
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4L1‫א‬‫א‬  J15
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 

- 42 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 K1‫א‬W
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J16
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J17
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J18


 

 

 K‫א‬ J19

- 43 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

K J20
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J21

 

 
- 44 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

3
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 WWelding defects‫א‬1 J3
 

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬ K1
‫א‬ K2
‫א‬ K3
‫א‬‫ א‬K4
K‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K6
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
K‫א‬‫א‬ K7
500‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K8
K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K9
 
K‫א‬E15F‫א‬

- 45 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

    
 ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬

  
   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬WE15F‫א‬
 
 Weldments inspection methods‫א‬
 
EUltra SonicF‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Die F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EMagnet FieldF‫א‬E Ray–X F‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEpenterant
 K‫א‬
 
K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- 46 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬E16F‫א‬
 

 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬WE16F‫א‬
 
 
 
 
   

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E14F
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K16L5‫א‬  J1
K  J2
K  J3
 

  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K J6K‫א‬  J1
K J7K‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K J8K‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬ J9K‫א‬  J4
‫א‬ J10  J5
 K J11
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K516L5‫ א‬ J1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬  J5
K‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8
 
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
K  J11
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J12

 

- 49 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬90‫א‬E15F
 
 K‫א‬90‫א‬W‫א‬
 

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K J3K8L3  J1
K J4K  J2
 

  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K J6K‫א‬  J1
K J‫א‬ J7K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K J8K  J3
K‫א‬ J9K‫א‬  J4
‫א‬ J10  J5
 K J11
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K58L3‫ א‬ J1
K‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬45‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
K90‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 

- 50 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11
K  J12
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J13

 

- 51 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬E16F
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬TW‫א‬
 
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K J3K8L3  J3
K J4K  J4
 
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K J6K‫א‬  J1
K J‫א‬ J7K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K J8K  J3
K‫א‬ J9K‫א‬  J4
‫א‬ J10  J5
 K  J6
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K8‫א‬58L5‫ א‬ J1
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
90
K‫א‬‫א‬  J6
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
 

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
K  J11
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J12

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

  W‫א‬E17F
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K J4K8L1‫ א‬ J1
K J5K16L5  J2
 K J3
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K J6K‫א‬ J1
K J7K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
K‫א‬ J8K J3
‫א‬ J9K‫א‬ J4
 K  J5
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K68L3‫א‬‫ א‬ J1
KE‫א‬F–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬8L1‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1.5‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J5
K‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

  J11

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J12
K  J13
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J14

 

- 55 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 K4L1‫א‬E18F
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K J4K16L1‫ א‬ J1
K J5K4L1  J2
 K  J3
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K J6K‫א‬  J1
K J7K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬ J8K  J3
‫א‬ J9K‫א‬  J4
 K8L3  J5
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K98L3‫ א‬ J1
K‫א‬‫א‬16L1‫א‬‫ א‬ J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J4
K‫א‬‫א‬3‫א‬‫ א‬ J5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬  J7
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11
K  J12
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J13

 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19F
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K5165L5‫א‬4  J1
 K J3 J3  J2
  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K J7K‫א‬  J1
K‫א‬ J8K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
‫א‬ J9K  J3
‫א‬ J10K  J4
 J11K  J5
  J12K J6
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K516L5‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4‫ א‬ J1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬ J3
K‫א‬‫א‬45‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ א‬ J4
KH‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
K‫א‬‫ א‬ J6
K‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K ‫א‬‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11
K  J12
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J13

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 EF JW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E20F
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K4.516L5 J1
K4.58L3 J2
4.52L1 J3
K4.58L5 J4
K J5
K‫א‬ J J J6

  W‫א‬‫א‬
 J J J‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬ J‫א‬ J J
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF8L3،2L1،8L54.5‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4‫ א‬ J1
2L1‫א‬8L3‫א‬1.58L5‫א‬2L1‫א‬  J2
K1.58L3‫א‬16L5‫א‬6.5
K‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬  J4
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J8
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K  J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
 
‫א‬‫א‬

 

 

 

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 WE21F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 J562L1 J1
 J6 J2
K J7
K J3
K‫א‬‫א‬ J9 J8 J4

  W‫א‬‫א‬
 K6K‫א‬  J1
K7K‫א‬  J2
K8K‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬ J9K  J4
 ‫א‬ J102L1  J5
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K612‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J1
K62L1‫ א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬2L1‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
K‫א‬  J6
K‫א‬‫א‬  J7
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 

K ‫א‬‫א‬  J8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J11
K  J12
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J13

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬

4
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 

 Thermit welding‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE3F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE13F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   

 
 K‫א‬WE17F‫א‬
 
 WSoldering and brazing‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 

‫א‬E14F‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE14F‫א‬
 
Filler rod‫א‬
،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬ ٪ ٪‫א‬ ٪
 ‫א‬‫א‬  220–183  4.5  0.5  95
 ‫א‬  236–183  60    40
 ‫א‬ 214 J183  49.5  0.5  50
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE1F‫א‬
 
   
،،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬K

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬E2F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
º‫א‬‫א‬  ٪ ٪‫א‬  ٪‫א‬
 870–760  0.85‫א‬  50  50
 870–860  0.85  45  54
 900 J860  10  40  50
 800–705 714   J J  79
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE2F‫א‬

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 ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬


 ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 1  ‫א‬‫א‬
 29  ‫א‬‫א‬
 45  ‫א‬‫א‬
 68  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

 