Evolve Digital Level 4 – English 4

Grammar summary
Unit 4 Lesson 1: Modals of speculation
• To speculate, you can use the modals must, must not, may, might, can't, and
could.
• When you feel sure that a speculation is true, use must.
• When you're not sure, use might, could, or may.
• Don't use can for speculation, even when you feel sure something is true.
• When you feel sure that something is not true, use can't or must not.

Examples:

"It must be very expensive."

"The people who do it must be very fit."
"That might be worth a lot of money."
"It could be dangerous."
"It may be too difficult for me."
"It can't be that dangerous to go on safari. So many people do it."
"They must not be very good, they're always losing!"

Unit 4 Lesson 2: Subject and object relative clauses

• Relative clauses give extra information about people, things, or places.

• A relative clause begins with a relative pronoun: who, which, that, or where.
• In subject relative clauses, the relative pronoun is the subject of the clause
and is always followed by a verb.

Examples:
"He is getting into a car which will take him to the airport."
"There is a millionaire who travels all over the world to collect art."

• In object relative clauses, the relative pronoun is the object of the clause and is
always followed by a noun or pronoun. The relative pronoun can be omitted in
object relative clauses.

Examples:
"There was a mechanical problem which no one noticed."
"They have all the facts (that) you need to solve the problem."

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