EEE221 Circuit Theory I

Week 1

Introduction to Circuit Theory

Basic Concept

Prof. Dr. Saffet AYASUN

Dr. Hıdır DÜZKAYA
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Instructor and Teaching Assisstant

Dr. Hıdır DÜZKAYA

• Email: hduzkaya@gazi.edu.tr
• Room Number: 313
Teaching Assistant: Ömer AYDIN
• Email: omeraydin89@gmail.com
• Room Number: 306

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 Course Objectives

Course Objectives: To learn the necessary concepts and

techniques required for the analysis of electric circuits, and to
use these concepts to carry out simple designs.

Learning Outcomes
Students who succeed this course:
• Are be able to use the basic circuit analysis methods (node voltages,
loop and mesh currents)
• Are able to use various techniques (circuit reduction, Y-delta
conversion, Thevenin and Norton equivalents, superposition, source
transformation) in circuit analysis.
• Know and can use maximum power transfer concept.
• Can analyze first and second order circuits by differential equation
approach and step-by-step approach.
• Can analyze operational amplifier circuits.
• Can choose and apply the proper technique for the analysis of a
complex circuit.
• Can design a simple circuit.

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 Course Content
Week Day Subject
4 October Introduction
1
6 October Basic concepts, passive sign convention, power and energy, Sources, Resistors,
11 October Model building, KCL, KVL, Analysis with dependent sources
2
13 October Simple resistive circuits; series and parallel connections, voltage and current dividers
18 October Voltage-current measurement, Whetstone bridge, Delta-Wye equivalent circuits
3 Node voltage method
20 October
(Quiz #1: Simple resistive circuit analysis)
25 October Node voltage method, Mesh current method
4 Mesh current method, Source transformation
27 October
(Quiz #2: Voltage-current calculations with dependent sources)
1 November Thevenin Equivalent Circuit
5 Thevenin Equivalent Circuit (cont.’ed)
3 November
(Quiz #3: Node analysis)
8 November Norton Equivalent Circuit, Maximum Power Transfer
6 Superposition Technique
10 November
(Quiz #4: Thevenin circuits and max. power transfer)
7 15 November Midterm 1

Course Content (continued)

22 November Operational Amplifiers

8 Operational Amplifiers
24 November
(Quiz #5: Superposition technique)
29 November Inductor, Capacitor
9 Inductor, Capacitor
1 December
(Quiz #6: Op-amps)
6 December Natural Response of RL/RC Circuit
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8 December Natural Response of RL/RC Circuit
13 December Natural Response of RL/RC Circuit
11 Step Response of RL and RC Circuits
15 December
(Quiz #7: Inductor, Capacitor )
20 December General Solution; Sequential Switching
12
22 December Midterm 2
27 December Natural and step response of RLC circuits
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28 December Natural and step response of RLC circuits
3 January Natural and step response of RLC circuits
14 Natural and step response of RLC circuits
5 January
(Quiz #8: RL & RC Circuits)
10 January General Solution and Review
15
12 January General Solution and Review
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 Textbook
DAVID IRWIN and R. MARK NELMS, BASIC ENGINEERING
CIRCUIT ANALYSIS, Tenth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Turkish Version of the Textbook:

TEMEL MÜHENDİSLİKDEVRE ANALİZİ, NOBEL YAYINEVİ,
10. Basımdan Çeviri
Çeviri Editörü: Doç. Dr. M. Timur AYDEMİR
Çevirenler:
Prof. Dr. Hasan DAĞ
Prof. Dr. Sedat SÜNTER
Doç. Dr. M. Timur Aydemir
Doç. Dr. Halis ALTUN

Additional Reference Textbook:

J.W. Nilsson, S.A. Riedel, Electric Circuits, 9th. Ed., Prentice Hall

Assessment Criteria
Total
Numbers Week # Weighting
(%)
Quizz- 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11,
8 10
Homework 14
Midterm
2 7, 12 2x20 = 40
Exams
Design
1 10 10
Homework
Percent of
In-term 60
Studies (%)
Percentage of
Final
Exam to 40
Total Score
(%)
8
 Information on Exams
• Quizz-Homework: Total 8 of them
 Short Exams: At most 3 short questions
 Will be only at the specified weeks (Weeks: 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 14)
 Will be graded out of 12.5 pts
 8X12.5=100 points
 Questions will be on the subjects covered in the previous two
weeks
 For example, the quizz exam on the 3rd week will cover the
subjects of the weeks 1 and 2 or the quizz exam on the 5th week
will cover the subjects of the weeks 3 and 4, etc.

Information on Exams
• Midterm Exam:
– Will be in the 8th week
– Will cover all subjects covered in the first 7 weeks
– Will have four questions
– Will be graded out of 100.
– Exams duration will be at most 4 hours dependening on the
questions.

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 Information on Exams
• Design-Homework
– You will design simple RLC circiut or Operational Amplifiers
– You will validate your design using a computer program such as
Pspice or Matlab/Simulink

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 Subjects in this lecture
• System of Units
• Basics Quantities:
– Current,
– Voltage,
– Energy,
– Power
• Circuit Elements:
– Voltage Source
– Current Source
– Dependent or Independent Sources
• Examples
• Homework

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 15

12V1  9V2  4V3  8

 4V1  16V2  V3  0
 2V1  4V2  6V3  20

dy
3 y f
dt
d2y dy df
 4 8y  3  4 f
dt 2 dt dt
Model
y  Tu
Principle of Superposition
T ( 1 u1   2 u2 )   1T ( u1 )   2T ( u2 )
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 The concept of node is extremely
a b important.
We must learn to identify a node
in any shape or form

L
R1

R2 vO
vS +
- 
C
17

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 19

Information at the foundation of

modern science and technology
from the Physics Laboratoryof NIST

Detailed contents

Values of the constants

and related information
Searchable bibliographyon the constants

In-depth information on the SI

, the modern
metric system

Guidelinesfor the expression

of uncertainty in measurement
20

About this reference . Feedback.

Privacy Statement / Security Notice - NIST Disclaimer

 21

ACs
1 COULOMB  6.28 1018 (e)
(e) IS THE CHARGE OF ONE ELECTRON

J
V
C

V

A

W V  A

22
 23

 


q(t )

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 q(t )  4 103 sin(120 t )[C ]  0 t 0
i (t )   2 t
  i (t )  4 103 120 cos(120 t ) [ A] e mA t  0

i (t )  0.480 cos(120 t )[mA]

1 1
1 1 1
q   e 2 x dx   e 2 x   e 2  ( e 0 )
q(t ) 0 2 0 2 2
1
q  (1  e 2 )
2

t t
2 x
q(t )   i ( x )dx   e dx
 

t  0  q(t )  0
t
1
t  0  q(t )   e 2 x dx  (1  e 2 t )
0 2

25

Charge(pC)
 10 1012  10 1012 C
m  10 109 (C / s)
2 103  0 s
30
20
10

 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 Time(ms)

Current(nA )
40
30
20
10

 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 Time(ms)
 20
26
 a 5A I ab  5 A
b

a 3A b a  3A b
I ab  3 A I ab  3 A

a  3A b a 3A b
I ba  3 A I ba  3 A

I ab   I ba
27

a I  2 A
I cb  4 A
2A
I ab 
I
b c
3A

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 b

 a
1C

JOULE N m
VOLT  
COULOMB A  s

29

30
 VAB  2V

VAB  VBA
VAB  5V VBA  5V

31

32
 VAB  2V

W
V  W  VQ  240J
Q

33


5V VAB  5V


34
 C  s
Q  2700  103    3600  1Hr
S Hr
 9.72  103[C ]

J 
W  Q[C ]  V    9.72  103  7.2[ J ]
C 
t2
 6.998  104 [ J ] w (t 2 , t1 )   p( x )dx
P  VI t1

35

 

 Vab  P  Vab I ab a b
I ab
a b
I ab

 Vab  2A

a b
I ab
Vab  10V

 Vab 
a b 20[W ]  Vab I ab  (10V ) I ab
36
I ab  2[ A]
 I

 PS1  VAB I AB
V PS 2  VA'B ' I A'B '

Current A - A'
Voltage(V) S1 S2 ON S1 ON S2
positive positive supplies receives VAB  0, I AB  0 VA B  0, I A B  0
' ' ' '

positive negative receives supplies

ON S2
negative positive receives supplies VA'B '  0, I A'B '  0
negative negative supplies receives 37

38
 a a
I ab  4 A Vab  2V
2A

Vab  2V I ab  2 A

P  8W b b
P  4W

39

1 1

2 2

V12  12V , I12  4 A V12  4V , I12  2 A

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 I  8[ A]

 

VAB  4[V ]  

 20[W ]  VAB  (5 A) 40[W ]  (5V )  I

41

V1  20[V ]  2A I  5[ A]

40[W ]  V1  (2 A)
 50[W ]  (10[V ])  I

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 P1  (6V )(2 A)

2 A  6V 
 
24V +
-
18V
P2  (18V )(2 A)
 2A 
P3  (24V )(2 A)  (24V )(2 A)

43

UNITS FOR  , g, r ,  ?

44
FIND VO VO  40[V ] FIND IO IO  50mA

45

40[V ]

P  (40[V ])(2[ A])  80[W ] P  (10[V ])(4  4[ A])  160[W ]

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 P1  (12V )(4 A)  48[W ]
P2  (24V )(2 A)  48[W ]
P3  (28V )(2 A)  56[W ]
PDS  (1I x )(2 A)  (4V )(2 A)  8[W ]
P36V  (36V )(4 A)  144[W ]

47

 12W

(6)( IO ) (12)(9)

(10)(3)
(4)(8) (8  2)(11)

48
IO  1[ A]
Example:

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Solution:

50
Solution:

51

Homework

52
Homework

53

Homework

54