[7 MI7/4IPHYSUSPS/IENGITZ1XX * Pees Peto Coen! Physics Standard level Papor 3 Tuesday 16 May 2017 (morning) Candidate session number 4 hour Instructions to candi Write your session number in the boxes above. Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided. A calculator is required for this paper. Aclean copy of the physics data booklet is required for this paper. The maximum mark for this examination paper is [35 marks]. Section A Questions Answer all questions 1-2 Section B Questions Answer all of the questions from one of the options. Option A — Relativity 3-4 Option B — Engineering physics 5-6 Option C — Imaging 7-8 Option D — Astrophysics 9-10 2217-8512 25 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2017 L MUIL -3- M17/4/PHYSUSP3/ENG/TZ1/XX nA Answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided ‘The equipment shown in the diagram was used by a student to investigate the varation with volume, of the pressure p of air, at constant temperature. The air was trapped in a tube of constant cross-sectional area above a column of oil scale air- pressure gauge oll to air > pump valve ‘The pump forces oil to move up the tube decreasing the volume of the trapped air. (a) The student measured the height H of the air column and the corresponding air pressure p. After each reduction in the volume the student waited for some time before measuring the pressure. Outline why this was necessary. (1) (This question cont EPS aa]r L MA1T/4/PHYSUSPS/ENGITZ1XX (Question 4 continued) (b) The following graph of p versus x was obtained. Error bars were negligibly small. 4 3 p/10°Pa 2 4 0 o 1 2 3 4 5 6 tims yim The equation of the line of best fitis p=a +f. Determine the value of b including an appropriate unit. (3) (c) Outline how the results of this experiment are consistent with the ideal gas law at constant temperature. ir} (This question continues on the following page) REPOS Jer L M17/4(PHYSUSP3/ENGITZ1/XX (Question 1 continued) (d) The cross-sectional area of the tube is 1.3 x 10m? and the temperature of air is 300K. Estimate the number of moles of air in the tube. 2 (e) The equation in (b) may be used to predict the pressure of the air at extremely large values of z Suggest why this will be an unreliable estimate of the pressure. 2 |-7- M17/4/PHYSUSP3/ENG/TZ1XX (2) Ina simple pendulum experiment, a student measures the period T of the pendulum many times and obtains an average value T = (2.540 +0.005)s. The length L of the pendulum is measured to be L = (1.60 +0.01)m. 4k Calculate, using g = == , the value of the acceleration of free fall, including its uncertainty. State the value of the uncertainty to one significant figure. 3] (b) Ina different experiment a student investigates the dependence of the period T of a simple pendulum on the amplitude of oscillations @. The graph shows the variation of z with 0, where T, is the period for small amplitude oscillations. 1.10 1.05 Tt F 1.00 0.95: 0.90. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 ore The period may be considered to be independent of the amplitude @as long as rr, <0.01. Determine the maximum value of @ for which the period is independent A of the amplitude. (2) Turn over a]L -18- N17/4/PHYSISP3/ENG/TZ1XX (Option B continued) 6. The P-V diagram of the Carnot cycle for a monatomic ideal gas is snown. PB (a) State what is meant by an adiabatic process. (1) (b) Identify the two isothermal processes. (1) (c)_ The system consists of 0.150mol of a gas initially at A. The pressure at Ais 512kPa and the volume is 1.20 x 10m’. (i) Determine the temperature of the gas at A. 2 (Option B continues on the following page) 2BEP1B a]-19- M17/4/PHYSUSP3/ENGITZ1XX, (Option B, question 6 continued) (ii) The volume at Bis 2.30 x 10°’. Determine the pressure at B. 2 (4) AtC the volume is V. and the temperature is Te. (i) Show that P,V = nRT,. (1) (ii) The volume at Cis 2.90 x 10°m*. Calculate the temperature at C. 2) (e) State a reason why a Carnot cycle is of little use for a practical heat engine. 1) End of Option B 2REP'9r -12- NITI4/PHYSISPS/ENGITZOIXX Option B — Engineering physics 7. Ahoop of mass m, radius r and moment of inertia mr? rests on a rough plane inclined at an angle 0 to the horizontal. It is released so that the hoop gains linear and angular acceleration by rolling, without slipping, down the plane. (a) On the diagram, draw and label the forces acting on the hoop, 2 (b) Show that the linear acceleration a of the hoop is given by the equation shown. (4) xsing 2 (Option B continues on the following page) L II-13- (Option B, question 7 continued) N17/4/PHYSI/SP3IENG/TZO/XX (c) Calculate the acceleration of the hoop when (/= 20°. Assume that the hoop continues to roll without slipping. (1 the coefficient of friction, at which the hoop will begin to slip. (d) _ State the relationship between the force of friction and the angle of the incline. Q (e) The angle of the incline is slowly increased from zero. Determine the angle, in terms of (8 (Option B continues on the following page) L III Turn over