117

Division LANAO DEL NORTE

School Grade Level 10
Teacher Learning Area Science
Time & Dates Quarter 3RD

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content The learners demonstrate an understanding of the information stored
Standards in DNA as being used to make proteins
B. Performance
Standards
C. Learning The learners shall be able to explain how protein is made using
Competencies/ information from DNA (S10LT-IIId-37)
Objectives (Write
the code for each
LC)
1. describe DNA and RNA structures and functions
D. Specific Objective 2. explain the importance of DNA and RNA in the continuity of life
3. create a DNA model using localized materials
E. Integration of English, Arts, Values
Content Within
and Across
Curriculum
II. CONTENT Heredity: Inheritance and Variation
A. Subject Matter DNA and RNA Structure and Function
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pp. 191-195
Pages
2. Learner’s pp. 263-268
Material Pages
3. Textbook Pages
4. Additional
Materials from EASE Biology. Module 14. p. 20
LR Portal
Videos:
B. Other Learning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Elo-zX1k8M
Resources https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY
http://dnatube.com/video/1017/Compare-DNA-and-RNA-in-structural-basis
IV. PROCEDURES Teacher’s Activity/ies Learner’s Expected Response/s
A. Reviewing Elicit (2 minutes)
previous lesson or Jumble Activity
presenting the new 1. DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
lesson 1.

2. RIBONUCLEIC ACID

Source:
https://thefoggiestnotion.com/four_elements.ht
m
XDOEYBRIOUNLEICC DICA
2.

Source: https://microbenotes.com/rna-
properties-structure-types-and-functions/
NRBIOUCLICE CIDA
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Guide Question:
1. Rearrange the jumbled
letters to form the words that
refer to the pictures above.
(Models may be shown instead
of photos.)
B. Establishing a Engage (6 minutes)
purpose for the Group Activity: Nucleotide Puzzle
lesson 1. The structure of DNA differs from
Group 1 will put together the that of RNA in these ways: the
nucleotides of the DNA molecule number of strands, the sugar and the
while Group 2 will put together nitrogen bases.
nucleotides of the RNA molecule,
as if fitting the pieces in a puzzle. 2. The nitrogen bases found in DNA
They will then show their output to are Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine and
C. Presenting
the class. Thymine, while nitrogen bases found
examples/
in RNA are Guanine, Cytosine,
instances of the
Guide Questions: Adenine and Uracil.
new lesson
(The students must answer in a
complete sentence.)
1. How is DNA different from
RNA?
2. What nitrogen bases are found
in DNA and RNA?
(2 minutes)
In preparation for the activity, The students will point the location of
prokaryotes and eukaryotes will DNA and RNA.
be reviewed. The location of DNA
and RNA in prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells will be pointed out
D. Discussing new by the students.
concepts and
practicing new
skills #1

Source:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-
biology/chapter/regulation-of-gene-expression/
E. Discussing new Explore (12 minutes)
concepts and Individual Activity: Getting to
practicing new Know the DNA and RNA
skills #2 Structure.

See attached reading material/

activity sheet.

Guide Questions:
1. What are the components of
the DNA and RNA molecule?
2. What is the structural
difference between DNA and
RNA?
3. What nitrogenous base is
found in RNA but not in DNA?
Students will be called to present
their answer to the class.
Point System:
3pts – The idea is well-
expressed and organized.
2pts – The idea is
1. The DNA and RNA are made up
of three components: namely, sugar,
phosphate group, and nitrogenous
base.
2. DNA and RNA are different in the
following:
a. DNA is double stranded while
RNA is single-stranded.
b. The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose
while that in RNA is ribose.
c. The nitrogen bases in DNA are
adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine
(T) and cytosine (C). In RNA are
adenine, guanine, cytosine and
uracil.
3. Uracil
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expressed but not organized.
1pt – The answer needs
to be improved.

Explain (5 minutes)
Video Presentation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=0Elo-zX1k8M
or
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=zwibgNGe4aY

1. Name one difference between 1.

DNA and RNA.  DNA – Double Helix, RNA –
F. Developing Single Stranded
mastery  DNA --- A-T, RNA ---A-U
 DNA ---Deoxyribose Sugar,
RNA---Ribose

2. What is a similarity of DNA and 2.

RNA?  G binds with C in both DNA
and RNA
 Both have sugar and
phosphate backbone

Elaborate (8 mins)
Use power point and video
presentation to elaborate the topic The students may take note of the
And add additional information important concepts of the lesson and
about the topic. ask questions/clarifications.
Watch a Video Presentation
G. Finding practical about DNA and RNA Structure
applications of http://dnatube.com/video/1017/
concepts and skills Compare-DNA-and-RNA-in-
in daily living structural-basis

Other Concepts to be discussed:

Pyrimidine and Purine

(3 minutes) DNA contains the code for the

H. Making Guide Question: proteins an organism may produce
generalization and 1. Why are DNA and RNA while the RNA retrieves the protein
abstractions about important in the continuity of life? code from DNA and carry out the
the lesson processes needed to produce
proteins.
I. Evaluating learning Evaluation (20 min)
Part 1: Multiple Choice: Write the Part 1:
letter of the correct answer.

1. What does DNA stand for? 1. d

a. Dioxyribonucleic Acid 2. c
b. Deoxyribose Nucleus Acid 3. a
c. Deribonucleic Acid 4. b
d. Deoxyribonucleic Acid 5. a
2. Which of the following are
components of a nucleotide?
a. Phosphate group,
nitrogenous bases, salt
b. Sugar, Hydrogen, Bases
c. Sugar, Phosphate Group,
Nitrogenous base
d. Phosphate Group,
Hydrogen base, Sugar
3. What nitrogenous base is
present in RNA instead of
Thymine?
a. Uracil
b. Adenine
c. Guanine
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d. Cytosine
4. How is DNA different from
RNA?
a. DNA is different from RNA
by the number of strands; DNA is
single stranded while RNA is
double-stranded.
b. The structure of DNA differs
from that of RNA in these ways:
the number of strands, the sugar
and the nitrogen bases.
c. DNA’s nitrogen bases are A,
T, U and G, while RNA has A, T,
G and C.
d. DNA and RNA are the same in
all aspects.
5. Why is DNA important?
a. DNA stores the blueprints
for making proteins.
b. DNA stores the blueprints
for making carbohydrates.
c. DNA is used in
processing of information
within the body systems.
d. All of these.

Part 2: DNA Model Making Part 2:

The students will make their DNA
The students will be grouped with model and will be graded according
8-10 members each. They will to the rubrics given.
create a DNA model using
localized materials.

DNA Model Rubrics for Scoring

( 2 minutes)
Assignment: Read about DNA
Replication as preparation for the
next lesson.
J. Additional activities
for application or
*The DNA Model Making may
remediation
also be extended as an
homework if it won’t be finished
on time.

V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION

A. No. of learners
who earned 80%
on the formative
assessment
B. No. of learners who
require additional
activities for
remediation
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C. Did the remedial
lessons work? No.
of learners who
have caught up
with the lesson.
D. No. of learners
who continue to
require
remediation
E. Which of my
teaching strategies
worked well? Why
did these work?
F. What difficulties did
I encounter which
my principal or
supervisor can
help me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials
did I use / discover
which I wish to
share with other
teachers?

Name: ________________________ Grade & Section/ Group: __________ Date: _______

Activity 1: Getting to Know DNA and RNA

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Objective: Describe DNA and RNA structures and functions

Materials: Activity Sheet

Procedure
1. Read the given information about DNA and RNA carefully.

Component molecules
The DNA molecule is composed of three types of
component molecule: phosphate group, the sugar
deoxyribose, and the bases adenine, thymine, cytosine,
guanine (A, T, C, G).

Nucleotides
There are three molecules that form the basic
building block of DNA, the nucleotides. Each nucleotide is
composed of one phosphate group, one sugar molecule, and
one of the four bases – in the example. Across the strands of
the helix, A always pairs with T, and G with C.

Ribonucleic Acid, like DNA, is a nucleic acid.

However, RNA structure differs from DNA structure in three
ways. First, RNA is single stranded, whereas, DNA is double
stranded. Second, the sugar in RNA is ribose; DNA has
http://cdn.yourarticlelibrary.com/wp-content/uploads/201
deoxyribose. Finally, both DNA and RNA contain four 3/12/c46.jpg
nitrogenous bases, but instead of thymine, RNA contains a
similar base called uracil (U). The uracil pairs with adenine. Figure 1. DNA Structure
The major types of RNA include messenger RNA (mRNA),
ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA).

Based on the structure of the nucleus, cells

may be one of two types: prokaryotic or eukaryotic. The
main difference is that the prokaryotic cell lacks a nuclear
membrane. Its genetic material, which is a long circular DNA,
occupies a space in the cell called nucleoid. Both the RNA
and protein are synthesized in the same compartment.

Meanwhile, the eukaryotic cell has the so called

‘true’ nucleus, which means that its nuclear materials are
enclosed by a nuclear membrane. To make proteins, the
messenger RNA (mRNA) is assembled inside the nucleus
through transcription. The coded genetic information carried http://serviciosimpresosimg.com/messenger-rna-
diagram/
by mRNA is translated through protein synthesis using
transfer RNA (tRNA).
Figure 2. RNA Structure

2. Fill in the comparison table below.

Bases of Comparison DNA RNA
1. Number of Strands
2. Location in the Cell
3. Type of Sugar
4. Nitrogenous Bases
Guide Questions
1. What are the components of the DNA and RNA molecule?
2. What is the structural difference between DNA and RNA?
3. What nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Point System:
3pts – The idea is well-expressed and organized.
2pts – The idea is expressed but not organized.
1pt – The answer needs to be improved.

DNA Model Rubrics for Scoring

Category Bases for Scoring Possible Score Score

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Label All labels are clear and 10
correct.
Base-Pairing/Content All base pairs are 10
accurate
Creativity Majority of the materials
used are localized,
contextualized and
indigenous. The model 20
constructed is creative
but still accurate.
Participation All group members
played an active role in
the group discussion of 10
the activity and paid
attention during the
model construction