cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*!

sf]
df}lb|s gLlt

g]kfn /fi6« a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+
;fpg @)*)
 ueg{/ >L dxf k|;fb clwsf/Ln]
@)*) ;fpg & ut]
;fj{hlgs ug'{ePsf]

cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf]

df}lb|s gLlt

g]kfn /fi6« a}+s

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s
s]Gb|Lo sfof{no
afn'jf6f/, sf7df8f}+
g]kfn
kmf]g g+=M )!–$$!)!%*
Website: www.nrb.org.np
 ljifo ;"rL
k[i7e"ld=================================================================================================================
d================================================================================================================= 1
cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] ;dLIff=========================================================
;dLIff========================================================= 2
cfly{s tyf df}lb|s nIox?sf] l:ylt==================================================================
l:ylt================================================================== 2
df}lb|s Joj:yfkg tyf Aofhb/sf] l:ylt= l:ylt============================================================= 2
If]qut shf{, ljkGg ju{ / ;x'lnotk"0f{ shf{sf] l:ylt===========================================
l:ylt=========================================== 3
df}lb|s gLlt @)&(÷*) sf] k|d'v gLltut Joj:yfx?sf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt= l:ylt================ 3
;dli6ut cfly{s l:ylt / kl/b[Zo=o==============================================================================5
cGt/f{li6«o cfly{s l:ylt Pjd\ kl/b[Zo= o===============================================================5
/fli6«o cfly{s l:ylt Pjd\ kl/b[Zo====================================================================
o====================================================================7
jf:tljs If]q=================================================================================================7
d'b|f:kmLlt====================================================================================================
:kmLlt==================================================================================================== 8
afXo If]q======================================================================================================9
;/sf/L ljQ================================================================================================
ljQ================================================================================================ 10
df}lb|s tyf ljQLo If]q================================================================================== 10
cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] :j?k=========================================================
:j?k========================================================= 11
df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzfsf] j:t'l:ylt ============================================================= 11
df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzf================================================================================
bzf================================================================================ 13
df}lb|s gLltsf] ;+/rgf / nIo========================================================================
nIo======================================================================== 13
df}lb|s pkfox?============================================================================================
pkfox?============================================================================================ 14
cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ljQLo If]q / ljb]zL ljlgdo;DaGwL gLlt= gLlt============================== 14
lgodg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f= f0f================================================================================== 15
n3'ljQ=
jQ======================================================================================================= 17
e'QmfgL k|0ffnL=============================================================================================
ffnL============================================================================================= 17
ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg=
Joj:yfkg============================================================================== 18
cg';"rL ! df}lb|s k|If]k0f========================================================================================
0f======================================================================================== 21
cg';"rL @ cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] nIo / k|ult =============================== 22
tflnsf ;"rL=L========================================================================================================= 35
 1

cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷

÷*! sf] df}lb|s gLlt
k[i7e"ld
1. g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* n] lglb{i6 u/]adf]lhd d"No / zf]wgfGt/ l:y/tf sfod ug{]
d'Vo p2]Zosf ;fy df}lb|s gLlt th{'df ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy}, ljQLo kx'Fr clej[l4 ug{,
ljQLo :yfloTj sfod ug{ Pjd\ ;'/lIft, :j:y / ;Ifd e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{
ljQLo If]q, ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg / e'QmfgL k|0ffnL;DaGwL gLltx? klg df}lb|s
gLltdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .
2. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] P3f/ dlxgfsf] cfly{s tyf ljQLo l:ylt;DaGwL tYofÍ
;fj{hlgs e};s]sf] 5 . afXo If]q tyf d"No l:yltdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 eg] ;/sf/L ljQ
l:ylt bafadf k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . lghL If]qtkm{ k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] j[l4 ;':t /x]sf] 5 .
cfly{s ultljlwdf s]xL lzlyntf cfPsf]n] a}lsË k|0ffnLsf] lglij|mo shf{ cg'kft s]xL
a9]sf] 5 .
3. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ;+3Lo ah]6 @)*) h]7 !% ut] ;fj{hlgs e};s]sf] 5 .
ah]6n] cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! Dff ^ k|ltztsf] cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n ug]{ / d'b|f:kmLlt ^=%
k|ltztleq /xg] cg'dfg u/]sf] 5 . pko'{Qm nIo xfl;n ug{ ah]6df cfly{s ;'wf/sf
sfo{of]hgfx? k|:tfj ul/Psf 5g\ . k|b]z ;/sf/ / clwsf+z :yfgLo txx?n] klg cfly{s
jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ah]6 ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf 5g\ . ;+3Lo ;/sf/af6 k|:tfljt ;'wf/
sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjog / ;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/n] ah]6df ljlgof]hg u/]adf]lhd x'g]
k'FhLut vr{n] cfly{s ultljlw rnfodfg x'g] ck]Iff /x]sf] 5 .
4. cGt/f{li6«o d'b|f sf]ifn] ljZjsf] cfly{s j[l4b/ ;g\ @)@# df sdhf]/ /xg] / ;g\ @)@$
df s]xL ;'wf/ cfpg] k|If]k0f u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)@# df ljZjsf] d"No l:yltdf ;'wf/
cfPtfklg cem} pRr /xg] sf]ifsf] k|If]k0f /x]sf] 5 . d"No j[l4b/ sd x'Fb} uPtfklg
nIoeGbf cem} pRr /x]sfn] ljsl;t / pbLodfg d'n'sx?n] df}lb|s gLltsf] sl;nf]
sfo{lbzfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf 5g\ .
5. cGt/f{li6«o Pjd\ /fli6««o cfly{s tyf ljQLo l:ylt / kl/b[Zo, ljsl;t / l5d]sL d'n'sx?n]
cjnDag u/]sf] gLltut sfo{lbzf, cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] ;dLIff,
g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ah]6dfkm{t lnPsf p2]Zo / k|fyldstf,
;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo, ljåt ju{ / gful/sAff6 k|fKt ;'emfj;d]tsf cfwf/df cfly{s
jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] df}lb|s gLltsf ;fy} lgofdsLo, e'QmfgL k|0ffnL / ljb]zL ljlgdo
Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt gLltx? to ul/Psf] 5 .
2

cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] ;dLIff

cfly{s tyf df}lb|s nIox?sf] l:ylt
6. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df d'b|f:kmLlt & k|ltztleq sfod /fVg] u/L df}lb|s gLltsf]
sfo{lbzf to ul/Psf]df @)*) h]7;Ddsf] cf};t d'b|f:kmLlt &=&& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
@)*) h]7 dlxgfdf jflif{s laGb'ut d'b|f:kmLlt ^=*# k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
7. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df Go"gtd & dlxgf;Ddsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg ;Sg]
u/L ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt sfod /fVg] nIo /x]sf]df cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] P3f/
dlxgf;Dd sl/a (=^ dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg kof{Kt ljb]zL ljlgdo
;l~rlt /x]sf] 5 .
8. df}lb|s gLltsf] ;~rfng nIosf] ?kdf /x]sf] efl/t cf};t cGt/a}+s Aofhb/nfO{ %=%
b]lv *=% k|ltztleq /fVg] nIo /flvPsf]df jflif{s cf};t cGt/a}+s Aofhb/ &=!#
k|ltzt sfod ePsf] 5 .

df}lb|s Joj:yfkg tyf Aofhb/sf] l:ylt

9. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/cGtu{t k6s k6s l/kf] af]nsaf]n u/L
?=$!$ ca{ $& s/f]8 / ;f]em} vl/b af]nsaf]n u/L ?=*( ca{ &) s/f]8 t/ntf k|jfx
ul/Psf] 5 eg] l/e;{ l/kf] / lgIf]k ;+sng af]nsaf]n u/L s'n ?=!)* ca{ @) s/f]8
t/ntf k|zf]rg ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df k6s k6s v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/
u/L ?=#(% ca{ (& s/f]8 v'b t/ntf k|jfx ul/Psf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df v'nf
ahf/ sf/f]af/sf pks/0fdfkm{t ?=$&@ ca{ #) s/f]8 v'b t/ntf k|jfx ul/Psf] lyof] .
10. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwfdfkm{t k6s
k6s u/L ?=@&@& ca{ !! s/f]8 / cf]e/gfO6 t/ntf ;'ljwfdfkm{t ?=@@*^ ca{ ()
s/f]8 t/ntf pkof]u u/]sf 5g\ . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] :yfoL
t/ntf ;'ljwfdfkm{t k6s k6s u/L s'n ?=(!&) ca{ !) s/f]8 t/ntf pkof]u u/]sf
lyP .
11. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df ljb]zL ljlgdo ahf/df ePsf] cd]l/sL 8n/sf] v'b vl/bdfkm{t
?=&!@ ca{ %) s/f]8 t/ntf k|jfx ePsf] 5 . cl3NNff] cfly{s jif{df o:tf] vl/bdfkm{t
?=#%% ca{ %^ s/f]8 t/ntf k|jfx ePsf] lyof] . ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxdf ePsf] pNn]Vo ;'wf/
/ cfoft Jofkf/df cfPsf] sdLsf sf/0f cd]l/sL 8n/sf] v'b vl/b a9\g uPsf] xf] .
12. afXo If]qdf ;'wf/ cfP;Fu} kl5Nnf dlxgfx?df cNksfnLg Aofhb/x? 36]sf 5g\ .
jfl0fHo a}+sx?aLrsf] cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ nuftf/ 36\b} uP/
@)*) c;f/df @=(* k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 . @)&( c;f/df o:tf] Aofhb/ ^=(( k|ltzt
 3

/x]sf]df @)&( c;f]hdf ;a}eGbf pRr *=% k|ltzt laGb'df k'u]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L, (!–
lbg] 6«]h/L ljnsf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ @)*) c;f/df ^=!$ k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 . pQm
Aofhb/ @)&( c;f/df !)=^^ k|ltzt /x]sf]df @)&( k';df !)=*( k|ltztsf] pRr
laGb'df k'u]sf] lyof] .
13. cNksfnLg Aofhb/ 36\b} uO/x]sf] k|efj:j?k kl5NNff dlxgfx?df bL3{sfnLg Aofhb/x?
;d]t 36\g yfn]sf 5g\ . jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] cf};t cfwf/ b/ @)&( k';df a9]/ !)=(!
k|ltzt;Dd k'u]sf]df @)*) h]7df !)=!* k|ltzt sfod ePsf] 5 . To:t}, jfl0fHo
a}+sx?sf] lgIf]ksf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ klg @)&( k';df *=%! k|ltzt;Dd k'u]sf]df
@)*) h]7df &=(( k|ltzt sfod ePsf] 5 . @)&( df3df !#=)# k|ltzt k'u]sf]
shf{sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ klg qmdzM 36\b} @)*) h]7df !@=%# k|ltzt sfod
ePsf] 5 .

If]qut shf{, ljkGg ju{ / ;x'lnotk"0f{ shf{sf] l:ylt

14. @)*) h]7 d;fGtdf jfl0fHo a}+sx?af6 k|jfx ePsf]] s'n shf{dWo]] s[lif If]qdf !#=!
k|ltzt -?=%%@ ca{ (( s/f]8_, pmhf{ If]qdf ^=* k|ltzt -?=@*^ ca{ && s/f]8_ / n3',
3/]n', ;fgf Pjd\ demf}nf pBdsf If]qdf (=( k|ltzt -?=$!* ca{ #^ s/f]8_ nufgLdf
/x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L, ljsf; a}+sx?af6 s[lif, n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBd÷Joj;fo, pmhf{
/ ko{6g If]qdf s'n shf{sf] @$=( k|ltzt -?=!!# ca{ !* s/f]8_ / ljQ sDkgLx?af6
@@=# k|ltzt -?=!( ca{ ^% s/f]8_ nufgLdf /x]sf] 5 .
15. jfl0fHo a}+sx?af6 k|jfx ePsf] s'n shf{ ;fk6dWo] @)*) h]7 d;fGtdf cf};t ^=!
k|ltzt -?=@^) ca{ *$ s/f]8_ shf{ ljkGg ju{df uPsf] 5 . To;}u/L, ljsf; a}+sx?af6
o; If]qdf (=! k|ltzt -?=$@ ca{ #@ s/f]8_ / ljQ sDkgLx?af6 ^=! k|ltzt -?=% ca{
^% s/f]8_ shf{ nufgLdf /x]sf] 5 .
16. g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Aofh cg'bfg pknAw u/fOPsf] ;x'lnotk"0f{ shf{dWo] @)*) h]7
d;fGtdf ! nfv $& xhf/ % ;o !) C0fLnfO{ ?=@)# ca{ !) s/f]8 shf{ nufgLdf
/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 s[lif nufotsf pTkfbgzLn If]q, n3' pBd, lgof{t /
sf]le8 dxfdf/Laf6 k|efljt If]qdf k|jflxt shf{nfO{ pknAw u/fOPsf] k'g/shf{ @)*)
h]7 d;fGtdf ?=! ca{ (^ s/f]8 nufgLdf /x]sf] 5 .

df}lb|s gLlt @)&(÷*) sf] k|d'v gLltut Joj:yfx?sf] sfof{Gjog l:ylt

17. df}lb|s Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;'b[9 agfO{ t/ntf Joj:yfkgdf ;'wf/ Nofpg a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] @)&( k';b]lv :jrflnt ?kdf cf]e/gfO6 t/ntf ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ ;Sg]
Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 . ;fy}, o; a}+sn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] gLltut b/sf]
4

t'ngfdf cf};t cGt/a}+s Aofhb/ tf]lsPsf] eGbf a9L laGb'n] tn÷dfly ePdf v'nf
ahf/ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ul/g] Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 .
18. t/ntf Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{ Aofhb/df x'g] ptf/r9fjnfO{ sd ug]{, ljQLo
dWo:ytf nfut sd ug]{ Pjd\ df}lb|s gLltsf] k|;f/0f (Monetary Policy Transmission)
nfO{ ;'b[9 agfpg] p2]Zon] df}lb|s gLltsf] ljBdfg :j?kdf ;do ;fk]If ;'wf/ ul/Psf]
5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) b]lv jflif{s nlIft d'b|f:kmLlt / ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltn]
cfoft wfGg] IfdtfnfO{ gLltut b/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ k|d'v cfwf/sf] ?kdf lnO{ df}lb|s gLltsf]
lgod (Montetary Policy Rule) to ul/Psf] 5 . d'b|f:kmLlt / cfoft wfGg] Ifdtfdf
rfk kbf{ gLltut b/ sl;nf] agfOg] / rfkdf sdL cfpFbf gLltut b/ ;xh agfOg]
Joj:yfsf sf/0f df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzf to ug]{ sfo{ tYofÍ / l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t
ePsf] 5 . o:tf] gLltut Joj:yfaf6 df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzf to ug]{ sfo{ kf/bzL{
x'g'sf] ;fy} ;dli6ut cfly{s :yfloTj sfod /fVg df}lb|s gLlt yk k|efjsf/L x'g]
b]lvG5 .
19. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd clGtd C0fbftf
;'ljwf;DaGwL sfo{ljlw th'{df u/L hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . o; sfo{ljlwaf6 s'g} a}+s jf
ljQLo ;+:yf cfkm\gf] e'QmfgL bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ ;Ifd /x]tfklg tTsfnsf nflu t/ntf
Joj:yfkg ug{ g;Sg] ePdf o; a}+saf6 k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] clGtd C0fbftf;DaGwL ;'ljwfsf
nflu ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] of]Uotf, pks/0f / cjnDag ug'{ kg]{ k|s[ofsf ;DaGwdf k|i6tf
cfPsf] 5 .
20. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df shf{sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ ljBdfg Joj:yfdf kl/dfh{g u/L
;|f]tsf] nfut cg'?k dfl;s ?kdf shf{sf] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/Psf]
5 . o:tf] Joj:yfaf6 nufgLof]Uo sf]ifsf] dfu / cfk"lt{aLr ;dfof]hgdf zL3|tf Nofpg
;xof]u k'uL df}lb|s gLltsf] k|;f/0f ;+oGq yk k|efjsf/L x'g] ck]Iff /x]sf] 5 .
21. jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] @)*) c;f/af6 cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ $=) k|ltztleq sfod ug'{kg]{
Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 . To;}u/L, o:tf] Aofhb/ cGt/ ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?n]
$=^ k|ltzt sfod ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 .
22. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] vfBfGg pTkfbg, kz'k+IfL, dT:okfng, lgof{thGo / zt k|ltzt
:jb]zL sRrf kbfy{df cfwfl/t pTkfbgd"ns pBf]u, x:tsnf tyf ;Lkd"ns Joj;fo
Pjd\ pBd Joj;fo ;~rfngsf nflu ?=@ s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cfwf/ b/df
clwstd @ k|ltzt laGb';Dd lk|ldod yk u/L Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf
sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 . To;}u/L, lghL If]qnfO{ ;"rgf k|ljlw kfs{ tyf cf}Bf]lus kfs{
lgdf{0f ug{ shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cfwf/ b/df clwstd @ k|ltzt laGb'n] lk|ldod yk u/L
Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 .
 5

23. n3'ljQ sfo{qmddfkm{t ljQLo ;]jfsf cltl/Qm ljkGg ju{sf] ;Lk tyf pBdzLntf ljsf;
/ ;fgf pBd Joj;fonfO{ k|j4{g ug{ ;xof]u k'us ] f] 5 . n3' art tyf n3' shf{sf]
lj:tf/af6 ljkGg ju{df ljQLo ;]jfsf] kx'r F clej[l4 ePsf] 5 . o;af6 ljkGg ju{nfO{
ljQLo 5gf}6sf] cj;/ k|fKt x'gs ' f] ;fy} o:tf] ju{ cgf}krfl/s ljQLo bf]xgdf kg{ ;Sg]
hf]lvd sd x'bF } uPsf] 5 . ljkGg ju{df k|jfx x'g] n3'ljQ shf{nfO{ yk ;x'lnotk"0f{ agfpg
a}s
+ tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] n3'ljQ ;+:yfnfO{ cfwf/ b/df @ k|ltzt laGb';Ddn] dfq lk|ldod
yk u/L yf]s shf{ pknJw u/fpg' kg]{ Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] 5 .
24. ljb]zL nufgL tyf ljb]zL C0f Joj:yfkg ljlgodfjnL, @)&* sf] ;+zf]wgdfkm{t ljb]zL
nufgLafktsf] ljb]zL d'b|f leq\ofpg], ljb]zL nufgL tyf ;f]af6 cflh{t /sd lkmtf{
n}hfg], ljb]zL C0fsf] :jLs[lt tyf k|flKt ug]{ / ;f]sf] ;fFjf tyf Aofh e'QmfgLsf] nflu
ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ;6xL k|bfg ug]{nufotsf Joj:yfdf yk ;xhLs/0f ePsf] 5 .
25. g]kfn /fi6« a}+s ljk|]if0f ljlgodfjnL, @)&( hf/L u/L ljk|]if0f;DjGwL sf/f]af/sf nflu
Ohfhtkq k|bfg ug]{, ljk]|if0f sf/f]af/ lgodg ug]{ tyf Ohfhtkqk|fKt ljk|]if0f sDkgLx¿
ufEg]÷ufleg] jf k|flKt ug]{ sfo{nfO{ yk Jojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 .
26. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf / ljk|]if0f sDkgLn] cg'dltk|fKt e'QmfgL k|0ffnL ;~rfns;Fu
;xsfo{ u/L hf/L u/]sf sf8{dfkm{t ljk|]if0f /sd :jb]z leq\ofpg ;Sg] Joj:yf
sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 .
27. g]kfndf :yfkgf ePsf s'g} kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yf jf k|fs[lts JolQmn] ljb]zl:yt ;]jf vl/b
ug]{ kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yf jf k|fs[lts JolQmnfO{ g]kfnaf6 ;]jf pknAw u/fPafkt a}+lsË
k|0ffnLdfkm{t kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f leq\ofpg];DaGwL Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 .
28. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltdf ePsf gLltut Joj:yfx?sf] sfof{Gjog
l:yltsf] ljj/0f cg';"rL @ df /flvPsf] 5 .

;dli6ut cfly{s l:ylt / kl/b[Zo

cGt/f{li6«o cfly{s l:ylt Pjd\ kl/b[Zo
29. ?;–o'qm]g o'4, k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No j[l4 / cfk"lt{ Jojwfg nufotsf sf/0f d'b|f:kmLlt
pRr /xg uPsf] k[i7e"lddf x'g uPsf] Aofhb/sf] a9f]Q/Ln] ljZj cy{tGqsf] j[l4b/ ;':t
ePsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o d'b|fsf]ifn] ljZj cy{tGq / ljsl;t Pjd\ pbLodfg cy{tGqsf]
j[l4b/ ;g\ @)@# df Go"g /xg] / ;g\ @)@$ df ;fdfGo ;'wf/ cfpg]] k|If]k0f u/]sf] 5 .
30. cGt/f{li6«o d'b|fsf]ifsf] ;g\ @)@# clk|nsf] k|If]k0fcg';f/ ljZj cy{tGq ;g\ @)@@
df #=$ k|ltztn] lj:tf/ ePsf]df ;g\ @)@# Dff @=* k|ltztn] / ;g\ @)@$ Dff #=)
k|ltztn] lj:tf/ x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljsl;t cy{tGq eg] ;g\ @)@@ Dff @=& k|ltztn]
6

lj:tf/ ePsf]df ;g\ @)@# df !=# k|ltztn] / ;g\ @)@$ df !=$ k|ltztn] lj:tf/ x'g]
sf]ifsf] k|If]k0f 5 . pbLodfg tyf ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sx?sf] cy{tGq ;g\ @)@@ df $=)
k|ltztn] lj:tf/ ePsf]df ;g\ @)@# df #=( k|ltztn] / ;g\ @)@$ df $=@ k|ltztn]
lj:tf/ x'g] k|If]k0f 5 .
31. l5d]sL d'n'sx? Eff/t / rLgsf] cy{tGq ;g\ @)@@ df qmdzM ^=* k|ltzt / #=)
k|ltztn] lj:tf/ ePsf]df ;g\ @)@# df qmdzM %=( Kf|ltzt / %=@ k|ltztn] lj:tf/
x'g] k|If]k0f 5 . ;g\ @)@$ df ef/tsf] cy{tGq ^=# k|ltztn] / rLgsf] cy{tGq $=%
k|ltztn] lj:tf/ x'g] sf]ifsf] k|If]k0f /x]sf] 5 .
32. ljZj cy{tGqn] ef]Ug'k/]sf] pRr d'b|f:kmLltsf] l:yltdf qmdzM ;'wf/ x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .
oBlk, phf{sf] d"No clglZrttf, ?;–o'qm]gaLr hf/L o'4 / cfly{s dGbLsf] ;fdgf ug{
cjnDag x'g ;Sg] gLltut nrstfsf sf/0f d'b|f:kmLlt a9\g ;Sg] hf]lvd sfod} /x]sf]
5 . ;g\ @)@@ df ljZj d'b|f:kmLlt *=& k|ltzt /x]sf]df ;g\ @)@# df &=) k|ltzt /
;g\ @)@$ df $=( k|ltztdf emg]{ sf]ifn] k|If]k0f u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)@@ df ljsl;t /
ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sx?sf] d'b|f:kmLlt qmdzM &=# k|ltzt / (=* k|ltzt /x]sf]df ;g\ @)@#
Dff qmdzM $=& k|ltzt / *=^ k|ltzt tyf ;g\ @)@$ df qmdzM @=^ k|ltzt / ^=%
k|ltztdf emg]{ sf]ifsf] k|If]k0f 5 .
33. ljZjsf clwsf+z s]Gb|Lo a}+sx?n] ;g\ @)@@ sf] ;'?b]lv cjnDag ub}{ cfPsf] sl;nf]
df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzfnfO{ sfod} /fv]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sL km]8/n l/he{n] ;g\ @)@@
dfr{b]lv # d] @)@# ;Dddf km]8/n km08 /]6 lg/Gt/ j[l4 u/L )–)=@% k|ltztaf6
a9fP/ %–%=@% k|ltzt k'¥ofPsf]df kl5Nnf] k6s @)@# h'g !$ df oyfjt /fv]sf] 5 .
pRr d'b|f:kmLlt ck]Iffdf c+s'z nufpg'sf] ;fy} ljsl;t d'n'sx?n] cjnDag u/]sf]
sl;nf] df}lb|s gLltsf] k|efj ljQLo ahf/df kg{ glbg pbLodfg d'n'sx?n] klg df}lb|s
gLltsf] sl;nf] sfo{lbzfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf 5g\ .
34. ef/tLo l/he{ a}+sn] gLltut b/x? j[l4 ub}{ ;g\ @)@# sf] km]a|'c/Ldf l/kf] /]6 ^=%)
k|ltzt / :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwfsf] Aofhb/ ^=&% k|ltzt k'¥ofPsf]df ;g\ @)@# h'gdf
df}lb|s gLltsf] ;dLIff ubf{ ;f] b/x? oyfjt g} /fv]sf] 5 . a+unfb]zsf] s]Gb|Lo a}+sn]
gLltut b/x? a9fP/ l/kf] b/ ^=% k|ltzt, :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwfsf] Aofhb/ *=% k|ltzt
/ :yfoL lgIf]k ;'ljwfsf] Aofhb/ $=% k|ltzt sfod u/]sf] 5 .
35. ?;–o'qm]g o'4kl5 a9]sf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{, vfBfGg / wft'hGo a:t'x?sf] d"No xfn l:y/
/x]sf] jf 36\g] k|j[lQdf /x]sf 5g\ . kmn:j?k, ljZjsf clwsf+z d'n'sx?df d'b|f:kmLlt
36\b} uPsf] 5 . tyflk, d'b|f:kmLlt cem} nIoeGbf dfly /x]sf] / hf/L e"/fhg}lts
tgfasf sf/0f OGwgsf] d"Nosf ;fy} ;du| d"No l:yltdf hf]lvd sfod} /x]sf] x'Fbf
ljZjsf w]/}h;f] d'n'sx?n] cjnDag ub}{ cfO/x]sf] sl;nf] df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzfnfO{
;g\ @)@# df klg lg/Gt/tf lbg] b]lvG5 .
 7

/fli6«o cfly{s l:ylt Pjd\ kl/b[Zo

jf:tljs If]q
36. /fli6«o tYofÍ sfof{non] cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df cfly{s j[l4 cfwf/e"t d"Nodf @=!^
k|ltzt / pTkfbssf] d"Nodf !=*^ k|ltzt /xg] cg'dfg u/]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{
pRr zf]wgfGt/ 3f6fn] cfGtl/s t/ntf k|zf]rg u/]sf] / k'FhLut vr{ nIo cg';f/
gePsf sf/0f ;du| cfGtl/s dfudf sdL cfO{ lgdf{0f, vfgL tyf pTvgg, pTkfbgd"ns
/ yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/ If]qx? a9L k|efljt ePsfn] oL If]qx?sf] j[l4b/ C0ffTds /xg]
cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 .
37. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ah]6df ^ k|ltztsf] cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n ug]{ nIo /flvPsf]
5 . ;f] nIo k|flKtsf nflu ;+3Lo ;/sf/af6 ?=#)@ ca{ & s/f]8 k'FhLut vr{ ug]{ u/L
ah]6 ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 eg] ah]6df cfly{s ;'wf/sf sfo{of]hgfx? k|:tfj ul/Psf
5g\ . To;}u/L, k|b]z ;/sf/x?af6 s'n ?=!%( ca{ $( s/f]8 k'FhLut vr{ ljlgof]hg
ePsf] 5 . ah]6df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] ;'wf/sf sfo{of]hgfx?sf] sfof{Gjog /
ljlgof]hg adf]lhdsf] k'FhLut vr{ x'Fbf lghL If]qaf6 x'g] nufgLdf ;d]t ;sf/fTds
k|efj kg]{ / o;af6 nlIft cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n x'g yk ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 .
38. s[lif tyf kz'k+IfL dGqfnosf cg';f/ @)*) c;f/ @( ut];Dd sl/a %# k|ltzt wfg /f]kfOF
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{sf] c;f/ @( ;Dd sl/a ^% k|ltzt wfg /f]kfOF ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . dg;'gsf] l9nfO{ / nDkL l:sg /f]usf sf/0f ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf wfg /f]kfOF sd
/x]sf] 5 . nDkL l:sg /f]usf sf/0f 7"nf] ;+Vofdf kz' rf}kfofdf Iflt k'u]sf] 5 . tyflk,
dg;'g ;lj|mo /x]sf], /f;folgs dn ;xh ?kdf pknJw ePsf] / ;/sf/n] ;dodf g}
wfgsf] Go"gtd ;dy{g d"No tf]]sL d"No clglZrttf x6fPsfn] cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*!
Dff s[lif If]qsf] j[l4b/ ;Gtf]ifhgs /xg] cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 .
39. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! df sl/a ()) d]ufjf6 ljB't /fli6«o lu|8 k|0ffnLdf yk x'g]
qmddf /x]sf] 5 . @)*) c;f/ !! df ef/tLo ahf/df laqmL ug{ cg'dlt kfPsf] yk
#)) d]ufjf6 ;lxt s'n (%@ d]ufjf6 ljB't g]kfnn] ef/tLo ahf/df laqmL ug{ cg'dlt
kfPsf] 5 . ljB'tsf] a9\bf] lgof{taf6 ef/t;Fusf] Jofkf/ 3f6f sd u/L afXo If]qdf ;'wf/
Nofpg / cfGtl/s cy{tGqnfO{ rnfodfg agfpg ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 .
40. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ;'?jftb]lv g} ko{6s cfudgdf ;'wf/ ePsf] 5 . sf]le8sf]
c;/ sd eP;Fu} cGt/f{li6«o ofqf dfkb08x? v's'nf] agfOPsf] 5 eg] Jofj;flos
jftfj/0f ;xh aGb} uPsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;g\ @)@#–@)## nfO{ g]kfn e|d0f
bzssf] ?kdf dgfpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] / xf]6n, Po/kf]6{ nufotsf ko{6g;Fu ;DalGwt
k"jf{wf/x?sf] lj:tf/ x'Fb} uPsf]n] cfufdL jif{x?df ljb]zL ko{6ssf] cfudg ;+Vofdf
lg/Gt/ a9f]Q/L x'g] / ko{6g If]q yk lj:tf/ x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .
8

41. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df vf;u/L lgdf{0f If]q / lgdf{0f If]q;Fu cGt/;DalGwt If]qx?
;+s'rgdf uPsf 5g\ . cfly{s lqmofsnfknfO{ ult lbg yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/, vfgL tyf
pTvgg, pTkfbgd"ns If]qnufot cy{tGqsf cGo If]q;Fu alnof] cu| tyf k[i7 ;DaGw
ePsf] lgdf{0f If]qnfO{ rnfodfg agfpg k"jf{wf/nufot ljsf; lgdf{0fdf ;dodf g}
k'FhLut vr{ x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg' cfjZos 5 . o;af6 cGo If]qsf] lghL dfu;d]t a9\g
uO{ nlIft cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] 5 .
42. afXo If]qdf ;'wf/ eO{ Aofhb/ 36\bf] qmddf /x]sf]n] lghL dfu lj:tf/ x'g] / o;af6
cfly{s lqmofsnfk rnfodfg agfpg ;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvG5 . afXo /f]huf/Ldf hfg]sf]
;+Vof a9]sf] x'gfn] ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx klg ;Gtf]ifk|b /xg] cg'dfg 5 . t/, pNn]Vo ;+Vofdf
o'jfx? j}b]lzs /f]huf/L / cWoogsf] nflu ljb]lzg] qmd a9]sf]n] cfGtl/s dfu s]xL
xb;Dd k|efljt ePsf] 5 .

d'b|f:kmLlt
43. jflif{s cf};t pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLlt nlIft ;LdfeGbf s]xL dfly /xg] b]lvPsf] 5 . cfly{s
jif{ @)&*÷&( sf] P3f/ dlxgf;Dddf cf};t pkef]Qmf d'b|f:kmLlt ^=!* k|ltzt /x]sf]df
cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf &=&& k|ltzt sfod ePsf] 5 . @)*) h]7
d;fGtdf eg] jflif{s laGb'ut d'b|f:kmLlt nlIft ;LdfeGbf s]xL sd ^=*# k|ltzt /x]sf]
5 . vfBfGg, b'Uwkbfy{, d;nf, 3/fo;L pkef]Uo j:t'x?, cfoftLt j:t'x? / O{Gwgsf]
d"No j[l4sf ;fy} cd]l/sL 8n/;Fu g]kfnL ?k}ofF cjd"Nog ePsf sf/0f pkef]Qmf d"Nodf
rfk k/]sf] 5 . t/, cfGtl/s dfudf sdL cfPsf] / ef/tdf yf]s d"No 36\g] k|j[lQ
b]vfk/]sf]n] d"Nodf k/]sf] rfk sd xF'b} hfg] b]lvG5 .
44. g]kfndf pkef]Qmf d'bf| :kmLltnfO{ d'Vo ?kdf cfGtl/s pTkfbg tyf dfu, cfoftLt j:t'x?sf]
d"No, g]kfnL ?k}ofFsf] ljlgdo b/ / yf]s tyf v'bf| laqm]tfn] lng] dflh{gn] lgwf{/0f ug]{ u/]sf]
5 . d"No j[l4nfO{ nlIft :t/df /fVg cfGtl/s pTkfbg ;'b9[ agfpg], dfu / cfk"lt{aLr
;Gt'ng ldnfpg] u/L gLltut sfo{lbzf to ug]{ / ahf/ d"No cg'udgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfO{
s[lqd d"No j[l4 x'g glbg] pkfo cjnDag ug{ cfjZos 5 .
45. @)*) c;f/ dlxgfdf ;DkGg ul/Psf] d'b|f:kmLlt ck]Iff;DaGwL ;j]{If0fdf cfufdL tLg
dlxgf / Ps jif{sf] d'b|f:kmLltk|lt gful/ssf] ck]Iff l:y/ /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
46. cGt/f{li6«o :t/df d"Nodf k/]sf] rfk sd x'Fb} uPtfklg sRrf t]nsf] d"Nodf /x]sf]
clglZrttf / hf/L ?;–o'qm]g o'4sf sf/0f d"Nodf pRr hf]lvdsf] l:ylt cem} ljBdfg
5 . tyflk, cGt/f{li6«o :t/df sfod /x]sf] gLltut sfo{lbzf, d'b|f:kmLltsf] 36\bf] qmd,
d'b|f:kmLlt;DaGwL gful/ssf] l:y/ ck]Iff / d"Nosf] cfwf/ k|efj ;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{
cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! df ^=% k|ltztsf] ;Ldfleq d'b|f:kmLlt /xg] b]lvG5 .
 9

afXo If]q
47. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df j}b]lzs Jofkf/df lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 . ;dLIff jif{sf] P3f/
dlxgfdf s'n j:t' lgof{tdf @@=& k|ltztn] sdL cfO{ ?=!$# ca{ %( s/f]8 sfod
ePsf] 5 eg] s'n j:t' cfoftdf !^=) k|ltztn] sdL cfO{ ?=!$*) ca{ (* s/f]8
sfod ePsf] 5 . kmn:j?k, ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf Jofkf/ 3f6f !%=@ k|ltztn] ;'wf/ eO{
?=!##& ca{ #( s/f]8 /xg uPsf] 5 . ah]6sf] cfsf/, ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] jt{dfg k|j[lQ
/ Aofhb/sf] 36\bf] qmdnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ cfufdL jif{ cfoft tyf ;]jf Jofkf/ sl/a !^
k|ltztn] lj:tf/ x'g] cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 .
48. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df zf]wgfGt/ l:yltdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*)
sf] P3f/ dlxgf;Dddf zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt ?=@@* ca{ (* s/f]8n] artdf /x]sf] 5 .
t/, rfn' vftf eg] ?=^( ca{ $) s/f]8n] 3f6fdf /x]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] o;}
cjlwdf rfn' vftf ?=%(@ ca{ !$ s/f]8 / zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt ?=@^( ca{ *! s/f]8n]
3f6fdf /x]sf] lyof] .
49. gofF / a9L cfo x'g] >d uGtJo d'n'sx?df j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] k|j[lQ / ljk|]if0f
cfk|jfxnfO{ ul/Psf] k|f]T;fxgn] cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx ;Gtf]ifhgs
/x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] P3f/ dlxgf;Dddf ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx g]kfnL
?k}ofFdf @@=& k|ltzt / cd]l/sL 8n/df !#=) k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . sf]le8sf]
c;/ sd eP;Fu} j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uPsf g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof pNn]Vo /x]tfklg cfly{s jif{
@)&(÷*) df pRr :t/df ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx ePsf cfwf/df cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! df
ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] j[l4b/ ;fdfGo /xg]] b]lvG5 .
50. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df e|d0f cfo ($=# k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*!
df klg e|d0f cfo ;Gtf]ifhgs /xg] cg'dfg 5 .
51. ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt ;'ljwfhgs cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . @)&( c;f/ d;fGtsf] t'ngfdf s'n
ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt @!=* k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ @)*) h]7 d;fGtdf ?=!$*) ca{ *& s/f]8
k'u]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL 8n/df o:tf] ;l~rlt !*=% k|ltztn] j[l4 eO{ !! ca{ #) s/f]8 k'u]sf]
5 . ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] j[l4b/ pRr gx'g] t/ cfoftsf] j[l4b/ eg] pRr /xg uPdf
ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltdf bafa kg]{ hf]lvd 5 . o;y{, afXo If]qsf] lbuf] ;'wf/sf] nflu
lgof{t tyf ko{6g k|j4{g ug]{, j}b]lzs nufgL lj:tf/ ug]{ / cf}krfl/s dfWodaf6
ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx leq\ofpg] sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fVg cfjZos 5 .
52. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! Dff lghL If]qtkm{ hfg] shf{, ah]6sf] cfsf/ / o;n] k|:tfljt
j}b]lzs ;xof]u, cfoft tyf lgof{t Jofkf/ / ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] k|j[lQnfO{ b[li6ut
ubf{ rfn' vftf 3f6fdf j[l4 ePtfklg zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt s]xL artdf /xg] k|If]k0f
/x]sf] 5 .
10

;/sf/L ljQ
53. g]kfn ;/sf/, cy{ dGqfno -dxfn]vf lgoGqs sfof{no_ sf] tYofÍcg';f/ cfly{s jif{
@)&*÷&( sf] t'ngfdf cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf] s'n vr{ !)=#
k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] /fh:j kl/rfng !)=$ k|ltztn] 36]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{
@)&(÷*) df ePsf] s'n vr{df rfn' vr{sf] c+z &)=#% k|ltzt / k'FhLut vr{sf] c+z
!^=#$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . rfn' / k'FhLut zLif{stkm{ ljlgof]lht ah]6sf] qmdzM *%=)
k|ltzt / ^!=$ k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] 5 .
54. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf] ?=(%& ca{ !% s/f]8 /fh:j kl/rfng
ePsf] 5 eg] ?=!$@( ca{ %^ s/f]8 s'n vr{ ePsf] 5 . ;f] tYofÍcg';f/ cfly{s jif{
@)&(÷*) df /fh:j 3f6f ?=$&@ ca{ $! s/f]8 /xg uPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{
/fh:j 3f6f ?=@@* ca{ @( s/f]8 /x]sf] lyof] .
55. Go"g ufx{:Yo artsf sf/0f cfGtl/s ;|f]t ;Lldt /x]sf] ;Gbe{df lghL nufgLnfO{
cfjZos x'g] ;|f]t cefj x'g glbg a9\bf] /fh:j 3f6f k"lt{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfly{s
jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ah]6df afXo ;|f]t kl/rfngnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]]sf] 5 . j}b]lzs
nufgL, C0f tyf ;xfotfdfkm{t ;|f]t Joj:yfkg x'g ;s]df afXo If]q / Aofhb/df
cfPsf] ;'wf/nfO{ sfod /fVg pNn]Vo ;xof]u k'Ub5 .

df}lb|s tyf ljQLo If]q

56. jflif{s laGb'ut cfwf/df @)*) h]7 d;fGtdf lj:t[t d'bf| k|bfo !)=( k|ltztn] lj:tf/ ePsf]
5 . o; cjlwdf a}s + tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] kl/rfng u/]sf] s'n lgIf]k !@=@ k|ltzt / lghL
If]qtkm{ k|jfx u/]sf] shf{ #=) k|ltztn] j[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df lj:t[t
d'bf| k|bfosf] j[l4b/ !@=) k|ltzt / lghL If]qtkm{ hfg] shf{sf] j[l4b/ !@=^ k|ltzt;Dd /xg]
k|If]k0f ul/Psf] lyof] . k'h
F Lut vr{ ;dodf g} ck]lIft ?kn] x'g g;Sg', cfly{s j[l4b/ Go"g
/xg' / t/ntfdf cfPsf] ;+sr ' gsf] kmn:j?k Aofhb/ j[l4 eO{ shf{ dfudf sdL cfpg' h:tf
sf/0fn] cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df shf{ lj:tf/ sd /xg uPsf] xf] .
57. j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uPsf g]kfnLaf6 k|fKt ljk|]if0faf6 vf]lnPsf] vftfdfkm{t a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] @)*) j}zfv d;fGt;Dddf ?=** ca{ lgIf]k kl/rfng u/]sf 5g\ .
o;dWo] d'4tL lgIf]ksf] c+z *^=$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
58. @)*) c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lghL If]qnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] shf{
aSof}tf sl/a ?=$*&& ca{ cyf{t\ s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] ()=& k|ltzt k'Ug] cg'dfg
/x]sf] 5 . @)*) c;f/ d;fGtdf cf};t shf{–lgIf]k cg'kft *!=^@ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
59. ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] k|j[lQ, t/ntfdf cfPsf] ;'wf/ Pjd\ Aofhb/sf] 36\bf] qmd tyf ah]6
jQmJodf k|:tfljt ;'wf/ sfo{of]hgf / ;+3 tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] ljlgof]hgadf]lhd x'g]
 11

k'FhLut vr{sf sf/0f cfly{s ultljlw rnfodfg eO{ lghL If]qaf6 x'g ;Sg] shf{sf]
dfu / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg] IfdtfnfO{ b[li6ut ubf{ cfly{s jif{
@)*)÷*! df lghL If]qtkm{ hfg] shf{ ?=%^@ ca{;Ddn] j[l4 x'g] k|If]k0f /x]sf] 5 .

cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] :j?k

df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzfsf] j:t'l:ylt
60. gLltut Joj:yfsf] kl/0ffd:j?k afXo If]qdf k/]sf] bafa sd ePsf] 5 . e'QmfgL
;Gt'ng @)&( c;f]hb]lv artdf /xg yfn]sf] 5 . afXo If]qdf cfPsf] ;'wf/;Fu} a}+lsË
k|0ffnLdf t/ntf ;xh x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . kmn:j?k, cNksfnLg Aofhb/x? 36]sf 5g\ eg]
bL3{sfnLg Aofhb/x? ;d]t 36\g] qmddf /x]sf 5g\ . o;/L afXo If]q / t/ntfdf cfPsf]
;'wf/af6 cfGtl/s cfly{s ultljlw rnfodfg x'Fb} hfg] ck]Iff /x]sf] 5 . rfn' vftf
3f6fdf g} /x]sf] / s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf cfoftsf] cg'kft pRr /x]sf] ;Gbe{df afXo
If]qdf ePsf] pknlAwnfO{ ;'/lIft /fVb} cfly{s ultljlwnfO{ rnfodfg agfpg ;xof]u
k'Ug] u/L s'n cfGtl/s dfu Joj:yfkg ug]{ /0fgLlt cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 .
61. ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf sf/0f d'b|fsf] cfk"lt{ a9]sf] 5, t/ ;f]xLadf]lhd d'n'sleq} d"No
clej[l4 x'g g;s]sf]n] cfGtl/s pTkfbg Ifdtf / dfusf aLr cGt/ a9\b} uPsf] 5 .
kmn:j?k, afXo If]qtkm{sf] rfn' vftf ljut s]xL jif{b]lv lg/Gt/ 3f6fdf /xFb} cfPsf]
5 . l:y/ ljlgdob/ gLlt cjnDag ul/Psf] ;Gbe{df rfn' vftf lg/Gt/ 3f6fdf /xg'n]
afXo If]q dfq} geP/ cfGtl/s :yfloTjdf ;d]t hf]lvd /xg] x'G5 . o;y{, cfGtl/s
dfu Pjd\ cfk"lt{aLr ;Gt'ng sfod /fvL ;du| dfu Joj:yfkg ub}{ ;dli6ut cfly{s
:yfloTj xfl;n ug]{tkm{ df}lb|s gLlt s]lGb|t ul/Psf] 5 .
62. g]kfnsf] ;Defljt pTkfbg Ifdtf (Potential Output Capacity) sf] j[l4b/ sl/a $=%
k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] u/]sf] Ps cWoogcg';f/ g]kfndf
d'b|f:kmLlt ^=% k|ltzteGbf dfly /xg uPdf To;n] cfly{s j[l4nfO{ k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{
b]lvPsf] 5 . o;y{, d"No tyf afXo If]q :yfloTj sfod /fVb} lbuf] ?kdf pRr cfly{s
j[l4 xfl;n ug{ k'FhL lgdf{0f x'g] If]qdf ljQLo ;|f]t kl/rfng u/L pTkfbg Ifdtf clej[l4
ug]{ gLltnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 .
63. l5d]sL d'n's ef/tsf] t'ngfdf g]kfndf d'b|f:kmLlt cem} klg pRr 5 . ef/tLo ?k}ofF;Fu
g]kfnL ?k}ofFsf] ljlgdob/ l:y/ /flvPsf] / sl/a b'O{–ltxfO{ hlt cfoft ef/taf6 x'g]
u/]sf] x'Fbf ;fdfGotofM ef/tLo d'b|f:kmLltn] g]kfnsf] d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ k|efj kfg]{ ub{5 .
t/, g]kfn h:tf] sdhf]/ lgof{t Ifdtf / cfoftdf cfwfl/t pTkfbg tyf pkef]u ;+/rgf
ePsf] d'n'sx?sf nflu d'b|f:kmLlt lgoGq0fdf ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltsf] e"ldsf klg
plQs} dxTjk"0f{ x'g] ub{5 . ;dli6ut dfu clws lj:tf/ eO{ ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltn]
12

cfoft wfGg ;Sg] Ifdtf sd x'g uPdf cfk"lt{ / Jofj;flos jftfj/0f k|efljt eO{
l5d]sL d'n'snufot ljZj :t/df d'b|f:kmLlt Go"g /x] klg g]kfndf eg] d'b|f:kmLlt pRr
/xg ;Sg] hf]lvd /xG5 . o;y{, cfGtl/s dfudf x'g] clws lj:tf/n] ljb]zL ljlgdo
;l~rlt / l:y/ ljlgdob/df a9L bafa gk/f];\ eGg]tkm{ ;hu /xL df}lb|s gLlt th'{df
ul/Psf] 5 .
64. cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltn] jflif{s k|If]lkt d'b|f:kmLlteGbf sd gx'g] u/L
gLltut b/ to ug]{ Joj:yfsf] z'?jft ul/Psf] 5 . gLltut b/nfO{ jfl~5t :t/df /fVg
k|fs[lts Aofhb/ (Natural Interest Rate) nfO{ ;Gbe{ (Reference) sf] ?kdf lng] k|rng
klg /x]sf] 5 . k|fs[lts Aofhb/ k|ToIf ?kdf dfkg gx'g] ePsf]n] ljleGg tYofÍLo tyf
cy{ldtLo ljlwx? dWo] nfdf] ;dofjlwsf] cf};t d'b|f:kmLltsf] cfwf/df klg o;sf]
cg'dfg ug]{ ul/G5 . g]kfndf kl5Nnf] @% jif{sf] cf};t d'b|f:kmLlt ^=& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .
o;nfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf g]kfnsf] k|fs[lts Aofhb/ ^=% k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] cg'dfg
ug{ ;lsG5 . k|fs[lts Aofhb/sf] t'ngfdf gLltut b/ Go"g x'Fbf afXo If]q bafadf kg]{
/ pRr x'Fbf cfGtl/s cfly{s ultljlw k|efljt x'g] ;Defjgf /xG5 . o;y{, d'b|f:kmLlt
/ afXo If]q;DaGwL kl/b[Zosf cltl/Qm k|fs[lts Aofhb/nfO{ klg gLltut b/ to ubf{
;Gbe{sf] ?kdf lnOPsf] 5 .
65. g]kfnsf] ufx{:Yo art nfdf] ;dob]lv s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] !) k|ltzteGbf Go"g
/x]sf] l:ylt 5 . Go"g art / pRr nufgL dfusf sf/0f ;|f]t cGt/ (Resource Gap)
a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs tyf lghL nufgLsf] pTkfbsTj Go"g /x]sf sf/0f cGt/fli6«o
k|lt:kwL{ Ifdtf a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g eg] nufgL u'0fs (Investment Multiplier) / ufx{:Yo
art b/ Go"g /x]sf] 5 . art b/ j[l4sf nflu ;fj{hlgs tyf lghL nufgLnfO{ clwstd
k|ltkmn lbg] If]qdf kl/rfng u/L k'FhL lgdf{0fsf] ult a9fpg' cfjZos 5 . o; ;Gbe{df
art k|f]T;fxgsf nflu lgIf]ksf] jf:tljs Aofhb/ -real interest rate_ wgfTds x'g] u/L
gLltut sfo{lbzf to ug]{ /0fgLlt cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 .
66. s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] t'ngfdf g]kfndf lghL If]qtkm{ k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] cfsf/
blIf0f Plzofdf g} pRr /x]sf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf, ;xsf/L ;+:yf, ladf sDkgL,
gful/s nufgL sf]if / sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]ifaf6 k|jfx ePsf] shf{{ ;d]tnfO{ u0fgf ubf{
g]kfnsf] lghL If]q clws C0f ef/df k/]sf] l:ylt 5 . clws C0f ef/sf] l:ylt, shf{
/ jf:tljs If]qaLrsf] sdhf]/ ;DaGw / ljQLo If]qdf kl5Nnf] ;do b]vfk/]sf] u}/–
Jofj;flos ultljlwsf sf/0f lglij|mo shf{ a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . pko'{Qm k[i7e"lddf ljQLo
:yfloTj sfod /fVg] sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 .
67. kl5Nnf] @) jif{df a}+lsË If]qaf6 cf};tdf !(=$ k|ltztn] shf{ lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .
lghL If]qtkm{ k|jflxt shf{ / s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgaLrsf] cf};t cg'kft a9\g'sf
cltl/Qm 7"nf cfsf/sf] shf{x?sf] ;+Vof klg a9]sf] 5 . t/, shf{sf] lj:tf/ ePcg'?k
 13

jf:tljs If]qsf] lj:tf/ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . jf:tljs If]q lj:tf/ geO{ ljQLo If]qsf]
dfq lj:tf/ x'Fbf ljQLo ;DklQsf] u'0f:t/ sdhf]/ x'g uO{ ljQLo :yfloTjdf dfq
geP/ o;n] cGttM jf:tljs If]q tyf ;/sf/L ljQdf ;d]t bL3{sfnLg ?kdf k|lts"n
k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] hf]lvd /xG5 . o;y{, shf{sf] j[l4eGbf shf{sf] pTkfbgzLn pkof]u
a9fpg], ;fgf tyf demf}nf pTkfbgzLn shf{df hf]8 lbg] / shf{sf] clws]Gb|Ls/0f
36fpg]tkm{ hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 .
68. sf]le8 ;+qmd0f / ?;–o'qm]g o'4sf sf/0f layf]lnPsf] ahf/ cfk"lt{ >[+vnf cem} nodf
kmls{;s]sf] 5}g . vf;u/L k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ / vfB j:t'sf] d"Nodf ePsf] pRr j[l4sf
sf/0f ljsl;t Pjd\ ljsf;zLn /fi6«x?n] ;fdgf ug'{ kl//x]sf] pRr d'b|f:kmLltdf s]xL
;'wf/ cfPtfklg nIoeGbf dfly g} /x]sf] 5 . kmn:j?k, clwsf+z s]Gb|Lo a}+sx?n] lnPsf]
gLltut sfo{lbzfn] lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . o;af6 pbLodfg / ljsf;lzn
/fi6«x?dfly k/]sf] ljQLo bafa sfod} /x]sf] 5 . ljZj :t/df hf/L /x]sf] gLltut
sfo{lbzfnfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL df}lb|s gLlt th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .

df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzf

69. d"No / afXo If]q :yfloTj sfod /fVb} cy{tGqnfO{ rnfodfg agfpg ;hutfk"j{s
nlrnf] df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzf cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 .
70. ljQLo ;|f]tnfO{ pTkfbgzLn If]qdf k|jfx u/fO{ cfGtl/s pTkfbg Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{]tkm{
df}lb|s gLltsf] k|fyldstf /x]sf] 5 .
71. 7"nf shf{x?sf] cg'udg, lgodg tyf ;'kl/j]If0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg], shf{sf]
clws]Gb|Ls/0f sd ub}{ n}hfg], ;fgf tyf demf}nf pTkfbgzLn shf{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg]
/ shf{sf] u'0f:t/ tyf kx'Fr clej[l4 u/L ljQLo :yfloTj k|j4{g ug]{tkm{ df}lb|s gLltnfO{
;xof]u k'Ug] u/L lgofdsLo gLltx? th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .

df}lb|s gLltsf] ;+/rgf / nIo

72. g]kfnL ?k}ofFsf] ef/tLo ?k}ofF;Fusf] l:y/ ljlgdob/nfO{ df}lb|s gLltsf] c+s'zsf] ?kdf
oyfjt /flvPsf] 5 .
73. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/nfO{ ;~rfng
nIosf] ?kdf oyfjt /flvPsf] 5 .
74. ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltn] cfoft wfGg] Ifdtf / jflif{s nlIft d'b|f:kmLltsf cfwf/df
gLltut b/ to ul/g]] 5 .
75. ;~rfng nIosf] l:yltsf] cfwf/df ;lj|mo ?kdf v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/L
cGt/a}+s Aofhb/nfO{ Aofhb/ sl/8f]/leq /flvg] 5 .
14

76. slDtdf & dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg k'Ug] u/L ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt sfod
ug'{ df}lb|s gLltsf] nIo /x]sf] 5 .
77. d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ ^=% k|ltztleq sfod /fVg df}lb|s lj:tf/af6 d"Nodf rfk kg{ glbg] u/L
df}lb|s Joj:yfkg ul/g] 5 .
78. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6 jQmJon] nlIft u/]adf]lhd ^ k|ltztsf]
cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L ljQLo ;|f]tnfO{ pTkfbgzLn If]qtkm{ k|jflxt
ug{] k|fyldstf /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! df lj:t[t d'b|fk|bfo !@=% k|ltzt /
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lghL If]qtkm{ hfg] shf{ !!=% k|ltzt;Ddn] j[l4 x'g] k|If]k0f
/x]sf] 5 .

df}lb|s pkfox?
79. cfGtl/s tyf afXo cfly{s kl/b[ZonfO{ b[li6ut u/L gLltut b/nfO{ %) cfwf/ laGb'n]
36fO{ ^=% k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 . a}+sb/nfO{ &=% k|ltztdf oyfjt /fvL lgIf]k
;+sng af]nsaf]n b/nfO{ %=% k|ltztaf6 36fP/ $=% k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
80. o; a}+sn] ;~rfng nIosf] ?kdf lnPsf] efl/t cf};t cGt/a}+s Aofhb/ a}+s b/eGbf
pRr / lgIf]k ;+sng b/eGbf Go"g ePdf bf];|f] ahf/ sf/f]af/ / lgIf]k ;+sng af]nsaf]n
v'nf ul/g] 5 .
81. a}+s b/df :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf / gLltut b/df cf]e/gfO6 t/ntf ;'ljwf pknJw x'g]
Joj:yfnfO{ oyfjt /flvPsf] 5 .
82. Aofhb/ sl/8f]/nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg Aofhb/ sl/8f]/sf] tNnf] ;Ldfdf :yfoL lgIf]k
;+sng ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
83. clgjfo{ gub cg'kft / j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kftnfO{ oyfjt /flvPsf] 5 .

cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ljQLo If]q / ljb]zL ljlgdo;DaGwL gLlt

84. g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] ljQLo If]qsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf nflu lgoldt ?kdf ;'wf/sf sfo{x?
cufl8 a9fpFb} cfPsf sf/0f ljQLo If]qsf] cfsf/ / ljQLo kx'Frdf pNn]vgLo ;'wf/
ePsf] 5 . ljQLo If]qsf] :yfloTjsf] nflu cGt/f{li6«o c;n cEof;x?nfO{ u|x0f ug]{ /
ltgsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 . k'FhL cfwf/ lj:tf/
ug]{ / dh{/ tyf k|flKtdfkm{t a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;jnLs/0f ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] 5 .
kmn:j?k, @)*) c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] kl/rfng u/]sf] k'FhLsf]if
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgsf] sl/a !# k|ltzt k'u]sf] 5 eg] ljQLo :f|f]t kl/rfng sl/a
?=%&)) ca{ k'u]sf] 5 .
 15

85. ljQLo ;|f]tsf] ;b'kof]lutf clej[l4 u/L ljQLo :yfloTj k|j4{g ug]{ d'Vo p2]Zo xfl;n
ug{ rfn' k'FhL shf{;DaGwL dfu{bz{g hf/L eO{ sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 . 7"nf C0fLx?sf]
;'kl/j]If0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg 5'§} dfu{bz{g hf/L x'g] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . Psn u|fxs
shf{ ;'ljwf;DaGwL Joj:yfdf kl/dfh{g u/L shf{ clws]Gb|Ls/0f 36fpg] / ;fgf
tyf demf}nf pTkfbgzLn Joj;fonfO{ k|j4{g ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf]
5 . To;}u/L, a}+lsË If]qsf] ;DklQsf] u'0f:t/ d"NofÍg ug]{, shf{ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
ug]{, ;'kl/j]IfsLo Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{ ;'kl/j]IfsLo ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; / k|of]u
ug]{, ;dli6ut cfly{s pQf/r9fjsf sf/0f ljQLo If]qdf cfpg ;Sg] bafa cfFsng
ug{ Macro Stress Testing Framework tof/ u/L nfu' ug]{, ljQLo If]q;Fu ;DalGwt
P]g sfg'gx?sf] ;d;fdlos k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ nufotsf sfo{x? hf/L /flvPsf] 5 .
plNnlvt ;'wf/sf sfo{af6 ljQLo :yfloTj k|j4{g eO{ lbuf] cfly{s j[l4 xfl;n ug{
;xof]u k'Ug] ck]Iff /x]sf] 5 .
86. g]kfnsf] ahf/nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ahf/;Fu PsLs[t u/L ahf/ kx'Fr clej[l4 ug{
afXo If]qtkm{sf] rfn' vftf k"0f{ kl/jTo{ agfO{ ;lsPsf] 5 eg] k'FhL vftfnfO{ klg
cfjZostfcg';f/ v's'nf] agfpFb} nluPsf] 5 . ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltsf] pTkfbgd"ns
pkof]u clej[l4 ug{ df}lb|s tyf ljQLo If]qsf] gLlt;Fu ;fd~h:o x'g] u/L ljb]zL
ljlgdo gLlt th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .
87. ljB'tLo sf/f]af/nfO{ ;/n, ;'/lIft Pjd\ k|efjsf/L agfpg e'QmfgL tyf km5\of}{6;DaGwL
ef}lts k"jf{wf/, sfg'gL tyf lgofdsLo Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy}, ljB'tLo e'QmfgLnfO{
k|a4{g ug{ cGt/f{li6«o u]6j];Fu cfj4 ub}{ gjLgtd pks/0f / k|ljlwsf] k|of]unfO{
hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . o;af6 ljB'tLo sf/f]af/ e'QmfgL tyf km5\of}{6df pNn]Vo lj:tf/
ePsf] 5 .
88. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] sfo{lbzf;Fu ;fd~h:o x'g] u/L b]xfo
adf]lhdsf a}lsË If]q;Fu ;DalGwt sfg'gL, lgofdsLo tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg
/ e'QmfgL k|0ffnL;Fu ;DalGwt gLltx? th'{df ul/Psf] 5 .

lgodg tyf ;'kl/j]If0f

89. ljQLo If]qsf] :yfloTjnfO{ c;/ k'¥ofpg] u}/–Jofj;flos tyf pR5[În ultljlwnfO{
;d]t lgoGq0f ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L ljBdfg a}lsË s;'/ P]g, @)^$ df ;d;fdlos
;+zf]wg k|lqmof cufl8 a9fOg] 5 .
90. kf/:kl/s d"NofÍgaf6 k|fKt ;'emfj ;d]tsf cfwf/df ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f lgjf/0f;Fu
;DalGwt lgb]{zgx? hf/L ul/g] 5 . ;fy}, ;DalGwt sfg'gsf] ;d;fdlos kl/dfh{g ug{
/ /fli6«o /0fgLlt th'{df ug{ ;xhLs/0f ul/g] 5 .
16

91. klxnf] cfjf;Lo 3/ shf{sf] ;Ldf ?=! s/f]8 %) nfvnfO{ j[l4 u/L ?=@ s/f]8 k'¥ofOg]
5.
92. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf vftf vf]nL ljk|]if0f k7fPdf slDtdf Ps k|ltzt yk Jofh lbg]
Joj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOPsf] 5 .
93. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;'emfj ;d]tsf] cfwf/df rfn' k'FhL shf{;DaGwL dfu{bz{gdf
cfjZos k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .
94. k|fs[lts k|sf]k jf cGo ljz]if kl/l:ylthGo sf/0fn] ;d:ofdf k/]sf C0fLx?sf] shf{
k'g/;+/rgf nufotsf Joj:yf u/]/ k'g?Tyfg tyf cGo Joj:yfkgsf nflu a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] cjnDag ug{' kg]{ pkfo / k|s[ofnfO{ ;dfj]z u/L Stressed Loan Resolution
Framework hf/L ul/g] 5 .

95. jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] ;DklQsf] u'0f:t/ k'gMd"NofÍg (Asset Quality Review) ug'{sf] ;fy}
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s shf{ hf]lvd juL{s/0f (Internal Credit Risk Grading)
ug]{;DaGwL dfu{bz{g th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOg] 5 .
96. /fli6«o :t/sf ljsf; a}+sx?n] ;d]t k"0f{ ?kdf Capital Adequacy Framework, 2015
cg';f/ k'FhLsf]if sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf nfu' ul/g] 5 .
97. g]kfn n]vfdfgcg';f/ Expected Credit Loss Model (ECL) sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos
gLlt th'{df ul/g] 5 .
98. shf{ k|jfxsf] jt{dfg cj:yf ;d]tsf] ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df tf]lsPsf If]qdf shf{ nufgL
ug'{kg]{;DaGwL ljBdfg Joj:yfdf cfjZos k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .
99. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6df pNn]v ePadf]lhd a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfaf6 lglZrt ;LdfeGbf a9L shf{÷;'ljwf pkof]u ug]{ C0fLx?n] clgjfo{ ?kdf
:yfoL n]vf gDa/ lng' kg]{ Joj:yf k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .
100. lwtf]kq af]8{af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf Private Equity Fund/Venture Capital Fund df a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 x'g] nufgLnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{ ljBdfg nufgL;DaGwL Joj:yfdf
k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .
101. qm]l86 :sf]/LË dfkg ug]{ k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu cfjZos ;dGjo ul/g]
5.
102. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ah]6df pNn]v ePadf]lhd art tyf C0f
;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] k|efjsf/L lgodg tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf nflu 5'§} ljlzli6s[t lgofds
lgsfo :yfkgf ug{ cfjZos ;xhLs/0f ul/g] 5 .
103. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf tyf cGo e'QmfgL;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ cg'dltkqk|fKt ;+:yfx?aLr
 17

u|fxssf] ;"rgf cfbfgk|bfg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ ;xh agfpg / g]kfn ;/sf/n] hf/L ul//x]sf]
/fli6«o kl/rokq (National ID) ;d]tnfO{ s]Gb|Lo u|fxs klxrfg (Centralised KYC)
k|0ffnLdf cfj4 x'g] u/L s]Gb|Lo u|fxs klxrfg k|0ffnLsf] lgdf{0f tyf sfof{Gjog ug{
;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu cfjZos ;dGjo ul/g] 5 .
104. ljQLo ulx/fO{ dfkgsf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cltl/Qm n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf,
ladf sDkgL, gful/s nufgL sf]if / sd{rf/L ;+ro sf]if nufotsf cGo u}/–a}+lsË
ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] jf;nft ;dfj]z ePsf] ljQLo ;j]{If0f (Financial Corporation Survey)
tof/ u/L k|sfzg ul/g] 5 .
105. a}+lsË k|0ffnLsf] :yfloTjsf] nflu ;Ifd hgzlQmsf] Joj:yfkg / sfo{;Dkfbg ;'b[9
agfpg cfjZos ePsf]n] a}+lsË If]qsf] ;du| hgzlQm ljsf; / Joj:yfkgsf ;DaGwdf
cWoog ul/g] 5 . g]Zfgn a}+lsË O{lG:6Ro"6 h:tf ;+:yfx?;Fusf] ;xsfo{df a}+lsË ;]jfdf
k|j]z ug{ k|j]z k/LIff / j[lQ ljsf;sf nflu ;l6{lkms]zg sf]if{ k"/f u/]sfnfO{ k|fyldstf
lbg];DaGwL Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
106. z]o/ lwtf] shf{, l/on :6]6 shf{ tyf xfo/ kr]{h shf{sf ljBdfg hf]lvd ef/;DaGwL
Joj:yf k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .

n3'ljQ
107. n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;d:of / ;'emfj ;DaGwdf ul7t cWoog ;ldltn] tof/ kf/]sf]
cWoog k|ltj]bgsf ;'emfjx?nfO{ qmdzM sfof{Gjog ub}{ nlug] 5 .
108. @)*! c;f/ d;fGt;Dd PsLs[t sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/]df ljBdfg ;'ljwfx? pknAw x'g]
u/L n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] dh{/ / k|flKtnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .

e'QmfgL k|0ffnL
109. s]Gb|Lo a}s ljB'tLo d'b|f hf/L ug]{ ;DaGwdf ePsf] cWoogsf] cfwf/df yk sfo{ cufl8
a9fO{g] 5 .
110. ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfx x'g] d'Vo sfof{nox?df ljB'tLo e'QmfgLsf pks/0fx?sf] k|of]u u/L
/fh:j ;+sng ug]{ sfo{sf nflu ;xhLs/0f ul/g] 5 .
111. ;"rgf k|ljlw nufotsf ;]jf lgof{t u/] jfktsf] ljb]zL d'b|f ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 leq\ofpg]
Joj:yfnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfO{g] 5 .
112. ljB'tLo e'QmfgLdf cfa4 ;+:yfx?n] ug]{ sf/f]af/sf] /fkm;fkm sfo{nfO{ Principles for
Financial Market Infrastructure (PFMI) ;Fu ;fd~h:o x'g] u/L o; a}+ssf] k|0ffnLdfkm{t
km5\of}{6 x'g] Joj:yf ldnfO{g]5 .
18

ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg

113. g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] ah]6 jStJodf pNn]v ePadf]lhd ljb]zL
nufgL;DaGwL k|lqmofnfO{ ;/nLs/0f / ;xhLs/0f ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s ljb]zL nufgL
tyf ljb]zL C0f Joj:yfkg ljlgodfjnLdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg ul/g]5 .
114. ;"rgf k|ljlw nufotsf ;]jf lgof{t ug]{ p2]Zon] ;~rflnt pBf]u÷Joj;fonfO{ t];|f]
d'n'sdf ;Dks{ sfof{no :yfkgf ug{, ljb]zL lgsfonfO{ e'QmfgL ug{÷cfˆg} ljb]zl:yt
a}+s vftfdf /sdfGt/ ug{ / ;ˆ6j]o/ jf k|f]u|fd vl/b tyf pks/0f h8fg ug{
pBf]u÷Joj;fon] u/]sf] ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{gsf] lglZrt k|ltzt;Dd ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL
;'ljwf tf]lsPsf sfuhftx?sf] cfwf/df jfl0fHo a}+sdfkm{t g} pknAw x'g] Joj:yf ul/g]
5.
115. 8«fˆ6÷6L=6L= / DAP÷DAA sf] dfWodaf6 x'g] cfoft;DaGwL ljBdfg Joj:Yffdf cfjZos
k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g]5 .
116. Aofs 6' Aofs k|tLtkqsf] ;'ljwf kfpg] ljBdfg Joj:yfdf g]kfn PsLs[t Jofkf/
/0fgLltn] klxrfg u/]sf j:t'x? yk ug{ cfjZos Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
117. ef/tafx]s cGo d'n'sx¿sf] e|d0fdf hfg] g]kfnL gful/sx¿nfO{ /fxbfgL ;'ljwfjfkt\
Ps jif{df b'O{ k6s;Dd cd]l/sL 8n/ !%)) ;Dd ;6xL ;'ljwf pknJw u/fOg] ljBdfg
Joj:yfnfO{ kl/dfh{g u/L cd]l/sL 8n/ @%)) ;Dd pknAw u/fOg] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
118. xjfO{ ;]jf k|bfosx?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg ;]jf z'Nssf] e'QmfgL ljb]zdf ubf{
lgofds lgsfosf] :jLs[lt÷l;kmfl/; / tf]lsPsf sfuhft ;d]tsf] cfwf/df cd]l/sL
8n/ Ps nfv jf ;f] a/fa/sf] cGo kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f;Ddsf] /sd Ohfhtkqk|fKt
æsÆ ju{sf jfl0fHo a}+sx?dfkm{t k7fpg ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
119. sf]le8–!( sf] k|sf]k / k|efj Go"g x'Fb} uPsf] x'Fbf ljb]zL d'b|fdf lnPsf] C0f g]kfnL
?k}ofdf e'QmfgL ug{ ;lsg] ljBdfg Joj:yf x6fOg]] 5 .
120. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o; a}+ssf] :jLs[ltdf leq\ofPsf] afXo C0fdf cGtlg{lxt ljb]zL
ljlgdo hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf nflu :jfk (Swap) nufotsf pks/0fx?sf ;DaGwdf
ul/Psf] cWoogsf cfwf/df o:tf pks/0fx? pknAw x'g] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

cGTodf,
121. o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 ;dli6ut cfly{s :yfloTj k|j4{g x'g], ljQLo ;|f]tsf]
pTkfbgzLn pkof]u clej[l4 x'g], ljQLo kx'Fr lj:tf/ x'g] / pRr tyf lbuf] cfly{s
j[l4sf] nIo xfl;n ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] ck]Iff /x]sf] 5 .
122. cfly{s tyf ljQLo l:yltsf] q}dfl;s ;dLIff u/L df}lb|s, ljQLo If]q, e'StfgL k|0ffnL /
 19

ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt gLltdf cfjZos k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] 5 .

123. cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷*! sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] th'{dfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] g]kfn ;/sf/sf lgsfox?,
pBf]u Joj;fo;Fu ;DalGwt ;+3÷;+:yfx?, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?, ljåt ju{, ;~rf/
dfWodnufot ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ wGojfb 1fkg ub}{ o; df}lb|s gLltdf Joj:yf ul/Psf
gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;bfEf}Fm ;a}sf] ;xof]u /xg] o; a}+ssf] ljZjf; /x]sf]
5.
* * *
 cg';"rL !
df}lb|cg's;"rk|L I!f]k0f
df}lb|s k|If]k0f
-?= s/f]8df_
2078 2079 2 0 80 2 0 81 jflif{s kl/jt{g
df}lb|s of]ufÍ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/c c;f/k| 2 0 7 8/7 9 2 0 7 9 /80 2 0 80 /81
/sd k|ltzt /sd k|ltzt /sd k|ltzt
/1 - 19 . 1 /2 2 3 .4 1. 4
!= v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQ 13 3 5 62 . 0 1112 3 6. 4 13 9 0 3 0 . 6 1410 3 0 . 6 -2 5 5 2 5 .9 2 60 0 0 . 0 2 0 0 0 .0
!=! j}b]lzs ;DklQ 145329.5 130408.7 161043.3 164898.0 -14920.8 -10.3 30634.6 23.5 3854.7 2.4
!=@ j}b]lzs bfloTj 11767.5 19172.3 22012.6 23867.4 7404.8 62.9 2840.3 14.8 1854.7 8.4
/1 /2
@= v'b cfGtl/s ;DklQ 3 8 19 2 3 . 3 43 9 3 0 3 .7 4 7 2 0 68 . 8 5 4 64 5 6. 3 60 5 8 0 . 7 15 . 9 3 45 5 9 .4 7 .9 7 43 8 7 .4 15 . 8
@=! s'n cfGtl/s shf{ 495547.7 567357.4 614283.0 695224.4 71809.7 14.5 46925.6 8.3 80941.4 13.2
s= ;/sf/nfO{ uPsf] v'b shf{ 58886.6 74579.0 100531.4 122624.4 15692.4 26.6 25952.4 34.8 22093.0 22.0
v= u}/+ –ljQLo ;/sf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ uPsf] shf{ 751.3 378.4 415.9 457.1 -372.9 -49.6 37.5 9.9 41.2 9.9
u= cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ uPsf] shf{ 21954.2 23500.1 25602.8 28150.1 1545.8 7.0 2102.8 8.9 2547.3 9.9
3= lghL If]qnfO{ uPsf] shf{ 413955.5 468899.9 487732.9 543992.8 54944.4 13.3 18833.0 4.0 56259.9 11.5
/1 /2
@=@ v'b cdf}lb|s bfloTj 113624.3 128053.6 142214.2 148768.1 11229.0 9.9 12365.7 9.7 6554.0 4.6
#= lj:t[t d'b|f k|bfo -Pd @_ 5 15 48 5 . 3 5 5 0 5 40 .1 6110 9 9 . 5 68 7 4 8 6. 9 3 5 0 5 4.8 6. 8 60 5 5 9 . 4 11. 0 7 63 8 7 . 4 12 . 5
#=! d'b|f k|bfo -s±v_, Pd !± 296426.5 265226.6 267878.9 291988.0 -31199.9 -10.5 2652.3 1.0 24109.1 9.0
s= d'bf| k|bfo -Pd !_ 104941.0 94811.3 95759.5 104377.8 -10129.7 -9.7 948.1 1.0 8618.4 9.0
d'bf| 57197.2 50590.3 53625.7 56843.2 -6606.9 -11.6 3035.4 6.0 3217.5 6.0
rNtL lgIf]k 47743.8 44221.0 42133.7 47534.6 -3522.8 -7.4 -2087.3 -4.7 5400.8 12.8
v= art tyf sn lgIf]k 191485.5 170415.3 172119.4 187610.2 -21070.2 -11.0 1704.2 1.0 15490.7 9.0
#=@= cfjlws lgIf]k 219058.8 285313.5 343220.6 395498.9 66254.7 30.2 57907.1 20.3 52278.3 15.2
$= lj:t[t df}lb|s t/ntf -Pd #_ 5 2 4 664 . 8 5 60 2 5 0 . 1 62 19 7 2 . 3 69 9 12 6. 3 3 5 5 85 .4 6. 8 617 2 2 . 1 11. 0 7 7 15 4. 0 12 . 4
c – cg'dflgt .
k| – k|If]lkt .
1/ ljb]zL ljlgdo d"NofÍg gfkmf ?=#@ ca{ ;dfof]hg .
2/ ljb]zL ljlgdo d"NofÍg gfkmf ?=!& ca{ ($ s/f]8 ;dfof]hg .
21
 22
cg';"rL @
cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] nIo tyf sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
1. &) ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltn] j:t' tyf ;]jfsf] cfoft wfGg] Ifdtf / @)*) h]7 d;fGtdf s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt (=^
d'b|f:kmLltnfO{ gLltut b/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ k|d'v cfwf/sf] ?kdf lnOg] . dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg] Ifdtf /x]sf] .
jflif{s nlIft d'b|f:kmLlteGbf sd gx'g] u/L gLltut b/ lgwf{/0f ul/g] . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] P3f/ dlxgfdf cf};t pkef]Qmf
d'b|f:kmLlt &=&& k|ltzt /x]sf] .
2. &! ;+rfng nIosf] l:yltsf] cfwf/df v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ;+rfng u/L t/ntf Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{ lg/Gt/ eO{/x]sf] .
t/ntf Joj:yfkg ul/g] .
3. &! cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df lj:t[t d'b|fk|bfosf] j[l4b/ !@ k|ltzt / lghL @)*) h]7 d;fGtdf lj:t[t d'b|fk|bfo / lghL If]qtkm{
If]qtkm{ hfg] shf{sf] j[l4b/ !@=^ k|ltzt /xg] k|If]k0f /x]sf] . k|jfx ePsf] shf{sf] jflif{s laGb'ut j[l4b/ qmdzM !)=(
k|ltzt / #=^ k|ltzt /x]sf] . @)*) h]7df a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfx?aLrsf] cf};t cGt/a}+s b/ ^=^( k|ltzt
/x]sf] .
4. &@ ;ft dlxgf;Ddsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg ;Sg] ljb]zL ljlgdo @)*) h]7 d;fGtdf s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt ?=!$*)
;l~rlt sfod /fVb} dfu kIfaf6 d"Nodf rfk kg{ glbO{ nlIft cfly{s ca{ *& s/f]8 -cd]l/sL 8n/ !! ca{ #) s/f]8 /x]sf] /
j[l4 xfl;n ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' df}lb|s gLltsf] nIo x'g] . pQm ;l~rltn] (=^ dlxgfsf] j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft wfGg]
Ifdtf /x]sf] .
5. &$ d"No / ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rltdf k/]sf] rfknfO{ dWogh/ /fv]/ ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
;dli6ut cfly{s :yfloTjsf] nflu Aofhb/ sl/8f]/ cGtu{tsf] b/x?nfO{
!=% k|ltzt laGb'n] j[l4 u/L a}+s b/ *=% k|ltzt, gLltut b/ &=)
k|ltzt / lgIf]k ;+sng b/nfO{ %=% k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] .
6. &% cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ gLltut b/sf] t'ngfdf @ æg]kfn /fi6« a}+s v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ljlgodfjnL, @)&*Æ
k|ltzteGbf a9L laGb'n] tndfly ePdf l/kf]÷l/e;{ l/kf] af]nsaf]n v'nf tyf æg]kfn /fi6« a}+s v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/;DaGwL sfo{ljlw,
x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg] . ;fy}, cGt/a}+s sf/f]af/sf] efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ @)&*Æ ;+zf]wg u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofO{Psf] .
gLltut b/sf] t'ngfdf # k|ltzt laGb'eGbf a9Ln] 36\g uPdf lgIf]k
af]nsaf]n v'nf x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd
7. &^ t/ntf Joj:yfkgnfO{ yk k|efjsf/L agfpg cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*)
sf] ah]6 jStJodf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ l:y/Ls/0f
sf]ifsf] Joj:yf u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOg] .
8. && e'QmfgL k|0ffnLnfO{ ;xh / ljZj;gLo agfpg] p2]Zon] ;/sf/L
C0fkqsf] lwtf]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ o; a}+sn] pknJw u/fpg]
ljBdfg b}lgs t/ntf ;'ljwf (Intraday Liquidity Facility-ILF) nfO{
cfjZostfcg';f/ cf]e/gfO6 cjlwsf] agfO{ o:tf] ;'ljwf a}+s b/df
pknJw u/fOg] .
9. &* a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cl3Nnf] xKtfsf] cGTodf sfod /x]sf]
;DalGwt ;+:yfsf] :jb]zL d'b|fdf /x]sf] s'n lgIf]ksf] ! k|ltzteGbf
a9L aSof}tf gx'g] u/L o; a}+sn] tf]s]sf] C0fkqsf] lwtf]df clwstd %
lbg;Dd cjlwsf] :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf a}+s b/df pknJw u/fOg] .
10. &( cGt/a}+s ahf/, b}lgs t/ntf ;'ljwf, v'nf ahf/ sf/f]jf/ / :yfoL
t/ntf ;'ljwfsf dfWodaf6 cfjZos t/ntf Joj:yfkg ug{ g;s]sf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;f] ;+:yfn] dfu u/]df a}+s b/df @ k|ltzt
laGb'n] k]gfn b/ yk u/L clGtd C0f bftf ;'ljwf (Lender of Last
Resort Facility-LOLR) pknJw u/fOg] .
clGtd C0fbftf ;'ljwf ;DaGWfL sfo{ljlw hf/L ul/g] .
11. *) a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfod ug'{kg]{ clgjfo{ gub cg'kftnfO{ @)&(
ebf} ! ut]b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L ! k|ltzt laGb'n] j[l4 u/L $ k|ltzt
k'¥ofOg] .
12. *! a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] sfod ug{'kg]{ j}wflgs t/ntf cg'kftnfO{
j[l4 u/L @)&( k'; d;fGt;Dddf jfl0fHo a}+sx?n] !@ k|ltzt, ljsf;
a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?n] !) k|ltzt k'¥ofpg' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g] .
sfof{Gjog l:ylt
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ l:y/Ls/0f
sf]if ;+rfng lgb]{lzsf @)&(, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s ;+rfns
;ldltaf6 ldlt @)&(÷!@÷@& df :jLs[t ePsf]] .
æg]kfn /fi6« a}+s b}lgs t/ntf ;'ljwf;DaGwL sfo{ljlw,
@)&^Æ ;+zf]wg eO{ ldlt @)&( k'; ! b]lv sfof{Gjogdf
cfPsf] . sfo{ljlwsf] t];|f] ;+zf]wg @)*) j}zfv @% af6
sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] .
æg]kfn /fi6« a}+s v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ljlgodfjnL, @)&*Æ
tyf æg]kfn /fi6« a}+s v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/;DaGwL sfo{ljlw,
@)&*Æ ;+zf]wg u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] . cfly{s jif{
@)&(÷*) df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 ?=@&@& ca{
!! s/f]8 :yfoL t/ntf pkof]u ePsf] .
clGtd C0fbftf ;DaGwL gLltut Joj:yf, @)^&
nfO{ kl/dfh{g u/L g]kfn /fi6« a}+s clGtd C0fbftf
;'ljwf;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)&( ldlt @)&(÷!!÷@* df
hf/L ul/Psf] .
ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
23
 24
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
13. *@ df}lb|s gLltsf] k|;f/0f ;+oGqnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg a}+s tyf ljQLo ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* tyf ldlt @)*)÷)!÷@% df
;+:yfn] Aofhb/ to ug]{ ;DaGwL ljBdfg gLltut Joj:yfdf cfjZos ;f];DaGwL kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
14. *# g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%*, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)&#, ;+zf]wg d:of}bf tof/ ePsf] .
ljb]zL ljlgdo -lgoldt ug]{_ P]g, @)!(, e'QmfgL tyf km:of}{6 P]g,
@)&% nufotsf a}+lsË P]g tyf sfg"gdf kl/dfh{g tyf ;+zf]wg k|:tfj
tof/ ug{ cfjZos sfo{ cufl8 a9fOg] .
15. *$ sf]le8 dxfdf/Lsf] ;dodf cfly{s k'g?TyfgnfO{ ult k|bfg ug{ ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
cjnDag ul/Psf shf{ k'g/;+/rgf Pjd\ k'g/tflnsLs/0f, Aofh
k'FhLs/0f, nfef+z ljt/0fnufotsf lgofdsLo Joj:yfdf cfjZos
k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
16. *% o; a}+ssf] rf}yf] /0fgLlts of]hgf tyf ljQLo If]q ljsf; /0fgLltdf /0fgLlts of]hgfadf]lhd jflif{s sfo{qmdx? th'{df u/L
rfn' jif{sf nflu ;dfj]z gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx? k|efjsf/L ?kdf sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] .
sfof{Gjog ul/g] .
17. *^ cGt/f{li6«o d'b|f sf]ifsf] ;xof]udf ljQLo If]q :yfloTj k'g/fjnf]sg cGt/f{li6«o d'b|f sf]ifsf] ;xof]udf ljQLo If]q :yfloTj
-Financial Sector Stability Review-FSSR_ x'g] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . ljQLo k'g/fjnf]sg (Financial Sector Stability Review-FSSR)
If]qsf] shf{sf] u'0f:t/ ;'wf/ nufot ljQLo :yfloTj sfod ug{ pQm u/L k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePsf] .
k|ltj]bgaf6 k|fKt x'g] ;'emfjx?nfO{ qmdzM sfof{Gjog ul/g] .
18. *& sf]le8 !( dxfdf/Lsf sf/0f cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷&& af6 :yug ul/Psf] Countercyclical Capital Buffer sf] Joj:yfnfO{ @)*)
Countercyclical Capital Buffer sf] Joj:yfnfO{ @)*) ;fpgb]lv ;fpgb]lv sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df
sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 . pQm Joj:yfnfO{ kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
If]qut ?kdf ;d]t sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;DaGwdf cWoog ul/g] . Countercyclical Capital Buffer nfO{ If]qut ?kdf ;d]t
sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;DaGwdf cWoog ;DkGg ePsf] .
19. ** jfl0fHo a}+s / n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx? Ps cfk;df cfkm\g} ju{leq ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
ufleO{ jf k|flKtdf uO{ @)&( k'; d;fGtleq PsLs[t sf/f]af/ ;~rfng
u/]df dfq o; a}+saf6 k|bfg x'Fb} cfPsf] dh{/ tyf k|flKt;DaGwL 5'6
tyf ;'ljwf pknAw x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
20. *( a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] C0fkqnfO{ shf{–lgIf]k cg'kft ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
k|of]hgsf nflu ;|f]tsf] ?kdf u0fgf ul//x]sf]df To:tf] u0fgf ug{ ;lsg]
cjlw @)*) c;f/ d;fGt;Dd /xg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
21. () a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 7"nf shf{ pkef]u ub}{ cfPsf C0fLx?sf] Large Exposure Framework tof/ ePsf] .
klxrfg ug{ Large Exposure Framework tof/ ul/g] .
22. () 7"nf C0fLx?n] a}+lsË k|0ffnLaf6 pkef]u ul//x]sf] shf{sf] cg'udgnfO{ lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
yk k|efjsf/L agfOg] . ljBdfg Psn u|fxs shf{;DaGwL ;LdfnfO{ cWoogsf] lgZsif{sf] cfwf/df k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
23. (! ;dli6ut cfly{s r/x?df cfpg] ptf/r9fjsf sf/0f a}+lsË If]qdf Macro Stress Testing Framework tof/ ePsf] .
cfpg] bafa k/LIf0f ug{ Macro Stress Testing Framework tof/ u/L
sfof{Gjogdf NofOg] .
24. (@ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{sf] nflu ;'/If0f /flvPsf] ;DklQsf] aLdf ;DalGwt lgofds lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo ubf{ sfof{Gjogdf
u/fpFbf aLdf bfjLn] shf{ /sd vfDg] u/L aLdf u/fpg' kg]{ Joj:yf sl7gfO{ cfpg] b]lvPsf] .
ul/g] .
25. (# a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 clwstd ?=% s/f]8;Dd shf{ pkof]u u/]sf ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
pBd Joj;fox?n] @)&( c;f/ d;fGt;Dd ltg'{kg]{ shf{sf] ;fFjf tyf
Aofh @)&( c;f]h d;fGt;Dd e'QmfgL u/]df k]gfn Aofh lng gkfpg]
Joj:yf ul/g] .
26. ($ pTkfbgzLn / Jofkfl/s If]qdf hfg] shf{sf] Aofhb/df leGgtf NofOg] . ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
xfnnfO{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] vfBfGg pTkfbg, kz'k+IfL, dT:okfng, lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
lgof{thGo / zt k|ltzt :jb]zL sRrf kbfy{df cfwfl/t pTkfbgd"ns
pBf]usf nflu ?=@ s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cfwf/ b/df clwstd
@ k|ltzt laGb';Dd lk|ldod yk u/L Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf
ul/g] .
27. (% lghL If]qnfO{ ;"rgf k|ljlw tyf cf}Bf]lus kfs{ lgdf{0f ug{ shf{ k|jfx ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
ubf{ cfwf/ b/df clwstd @ k|ltzt laGb'n] lk|ldod yk u/L Aofhb/
lgwf{/0f ug{] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
25
 26
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
28. (^ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] 3/÷hUuf lwtf] /fvL lglZrt k|of]hg gv'n]sf ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
gofF clwljsif{ shf{, lwtf] shf{, ;DklQ shf{, JolQmut cfjlws shf{
k|jfx ubf{ shf{ / ;f]sf] lwtf] ;'/If0fsf] Fair Market Value aLrsf]
cg'kft sf7df08f} pkTosfleq a9Ldf #) k|ltzt / cGo :yfgsf] xsdf
a9Ldf $) k|ltzt;Dd sfod ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g] .
29. (& k"jf{wf/ If]qdf nufgL ug]{ u/L :yflkt g]kfn k"jf{wf/ ljsf; a}ssf] ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu ;dGjo eO/x]sf] .
nufgL Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu k"jf{wf/ If]qdf g} nufgL ug]{ u/L :yfkgf
eO{ ;+rfngdf /x]sf cGo ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu dh{/ tyf k|flKtdfkm{t r'Qmf
k'FhL j[l4 ug{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g] .
30. (* a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf dh{/ tyf k|flKtsf] ;dodf lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ /f]Sg] ldlt @)&(÷)^÷@& df hf/L ul/Psf] æa}Í tyf ljQLo
;DaGwL o; a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf] ljBdfg Joj:yf vf/]h u/L lwtf]kq ;+:yf Ps cfk;df ufEg]÷ufleg] -dh{/_ tyf k|flKt
af]8{sf] lgodgadf]lhd x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg] . -PlSjlhzg_ ;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL, @)&# -kfFrf}+ ;+zf]wg
@)&( ;lxt_Ædf ;f];DaGwL Joj:yf ul/Psf] .
31. (( z]o/ lwtf] /fvL k|jfx x'g] dflh{g shf{sf] Psn u|fxs ;Ldf Pp6f jf ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
;a} Ohfhtkq k|fKt ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 lng;Sg] u/L clwstd ;Ldf lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
?=!@ s/f]8 sfod ul/g] .
32. !)) z]o/ lwtf]df k|jfx x'g] shf{sf] hf]lvd ef/ ?=@% nfv;Ddsf] shf{sf] ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
xsdf !)) k|ltzt / ;f]eGbf dflysf] shf{sf] xsdf hf]lvd ef/ !%) lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
k|ltzt /fVg'kg]{] Joj:yf oyfjt /flvPsf] .
33. !)! ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cftÍjfbL lqmofsnfkdf ljQLo nufgL ;dGjo ul/Psf] .
lgjf/0f ;DaGwdf cGt/f{li6«o ;dGjo ;+oGqnfO{ ;an agfpFb} n}hfg
cfjZostfcg';f/ ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo ub}{ nlug] .
34. !)@ cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ah]6 jQmJodf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd o; cfjZos ;dGjo eO/x]sf] .
a}+ssf] ;'kl/j]IfsLo bfo/f aflx/ /xL ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ art tyf
C0f ;xsf/L / u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] k|efjsf/L lgodg, lg/LIf0f
tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf nflu bf];|f] txsf] lgofds lgsfo :yfkgf ;DaGwdf
cfjZos ;xhLs/0f ul/g] .
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
35. !)# art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f lg/Gt/ ;dGjo eO/x]sf] .
Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg cfjZos ;xof]u k'¥ofOg] .
36. !)$ Green Financing nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ xl/t j08 lgisfzg ug{], hnjfo' d:of}bf tof/ ug]{ l;nl;nfdf k]z x'g cfPsf] Inception
hf]lvd l/kf]{l6Ë ug]{, k'FhL cfjZostf klxrfg ug]{ nufotsf ljifo Report :jLs[t ePsf] .
;dfj]z u/L Green Taxonomy sf] d:of}bf th'{df ul/g] .
37. !)% ljb]zL nufgL cfk|jfxnfO{ yk :jrflnt -Automatic Route_ ug{, ljb]zL g]kfn /fi6« a}+s ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ldlt @)&(÷!)÷)#
nufgLsf] ;dy{g, zfvf sfof{nosf] gfkmf l/Kofl6«P;g tyf cGo b]zdf df a;]sf] a}7ssf] lg0f{oadf]lhd ljlgodfjnL ;+zf]wg
x'g] l/Kofl6«P;g nufotsf ljifodf yk ;xhLs/0f ug{ ljb]zL nufgL :jLs[t eO{ ldlt @)&(÷!)÷!# df hf/L ePsf] .
tyf ljb]zL C0f Joj:yfkg ljlgodfjnL, @)&* df cfjZos ;+zf]wg
ul/g] .
38. !)^ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] afXo d'n'saf6 ljb]zL d'b|fdf C0f kl/rfng ug]{ ldlt @)&(÷)$÷#) df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
sfo{nfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{ ljb]zL ljlgdo hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug]{ k|of]hgsf
nflu 8]l/e]l6E;\ ;DaGwL ljBdfg gLltut Joj:yfdf k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
39. !)& g]kfn lelqg] ljk|]if0f cfk|jfxsf] bfo/f km/flsnf] kfg{ g]kfnL gful/s, ldlt @)&(÷)$÷#) df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
ljb]zL gful/s / ljb]zl:yt ;+3÷;+:yf cflb ;d]taf6 g]kfnL gful/s
/ ;+3÷;+:yf ;d]tn] ljk|]if0f /sd k|fKt ug{ ;xh x'g]u/L ljk|]if0f;DaGwL
ljBdfg Joj:yfdf k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
40. !)* j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf nflu ljb]z hfg] g]kfnLx?n] ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL ;'ljwf ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo ePsf] .
k|fKt ug{ clgjfo{ ?kdf a}+s vftf x'g'kg]{ nufot ljk|]if0f cf}krfl/s
dfWodaf6 :jb]z leq\ofPsf] k|df0fsf cfwf/df ljleGg ;]jf tyf
;'ljwf pknAw x'g] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;DalGwt lgsfox?;Fu
cfjZos ;DfGjo ul/g] .
41. !)( a}+lsu e'QmfgL pks/0fdf ljBdfg ljleGg ljB'tLo tyf l8lh6n sf8{ ldlt @)&(÷)$÷#) df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
wf/sn] ljb]zL a}+saf6 hf/L o:t} sf8{af6 g]kfnL a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] sf8{df (Card to Card) ljk|]if0f k|fKt ug{;Sg] u/L
cfjZos gLltut Joj:yf ul/g] .
27
 28
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
42. !!) ;"rgf k|ljlwnufotsf ;]jf lgof{t u/L kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'\b|f leq\ofpg] ldlt @)&(÷!@÷)* kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
sfo{nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ cfjZos gLltut Joj:yf ul/g] .
43. !!! s]xL j:t'x?sf] cfoftsf] nflu k|ltt kq vf]Nbf gub dflh{g /fVg'kg]{ ldlt @)&(÷!)÷)% df kl/kq hf/L u/L k|tLtkq vf]Nbf
ljBdfg Joj:yfnfO{ qmlds ?kdf k'g/fjnf]sg ub}{ nlug] . gub dflh{g /fVg'kg]{ Joj:yf x6fOPsf] .
44. !!@ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] j:t' cfoftsf nflu 8«fkm\6, l6=l6= hf/L ubf{ ldlt @)&(÷)$÷#) df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
jf k|ltt kq vf]Nbf ;DalGwt j:t'sf] cGt/f{li6«o ahf/ d"No / k|f]kmdf{
d"NoaLr ljZn]if0f u/]/ dfq hf/L ug]{÷vf]Ng' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g] .
45. !!# j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft–lgof{tsf ljlw, o;df k|of]u x'g] e'QmfgLsf ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
tl/sf tyf b]zut ?kdf ;fdfg rnfg / shf{ ljZn]if0f;Fu ;DalGwt
cfwf/e"t ljifodf a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df 6«]8 kmfOgfG; tyf shf{
k|jfx;DaGwL sfo{df k|ToIf ?kdf ;+nUg sd{rf/Ln] lgoldt ?kdf tflnd
lng'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g] .
46. !!$ ljb]zL d'b|f ahf/df x'g] hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] jfl0fHo cWoog ;DkGg ePsf] .
a}+sx?;Fu USD/NPR :jfk ug]{ ;DaGwdf cfjZos cWoog ul/g] .
47. !!% s[lif nufotsf pTkfbgzLn If]q, n3' pBd, lgof{t / sf]le8 ldlt @)&(÷!)÷@( df hf/L ul/Psf] æg]kfn /fi6« a}+s
dxfdf/Laf6 k'g?Tyfg x'g afFsL clt k|efljt If]qdf k|jflxt shf{nfO{ k'g/shf{ sfo{ljlw, @)&& -kfFrf} ;+zf]wg ;lxt_Æ df
k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg] u/L lg/Gt/tf lbOg] . k'g/shf{ ;f];DaGwL Joj:yfx? ul/Psf] .
;'ljwfnfO{ qmdzM sd ub}{ @)*! c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf ;DalGwt sf]ifsf]
df}Hbft a/fa/ x'g] u/L pknJw u/fOg]] .
48. !!^ cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ah]6 jStAodf plNnlvt ;x'lnotk"0f{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 sfo{ljlw ;+zf]wg x'g afFsL /x]sf]] .
shf{;DaGwL sfo{qmdx? g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t sfo{ljlwadf]lhd
sfof{Gjog ul/g] .
49. !!& pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf shf{ k|jfx a9fpg] p2]Zon] ;+rfngdf /x]sf k|efjsfl/tf cWoog eO/x]sf] .
k'g/shf{ ;'ljwf, ;x'lnotk"0f{ shf{, ljkGg ju{ shf{nufotsf tf]lsPsf]
If]qdf shf{ k|jfx ug'{kg]{ sfo{qmdx?sf] ;b'kof]lutf / k|efjsfl/tfsf
;DaGwdf cWoog ul/g] .
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
50. !!* :6f6{–ck Joj;fodf shf{ kx'Fr a9fpg a}slNks ljQsf :j?kx? h:t} k|f/lDes d:of}bf tof/ ePsf] .
Peer-to-Peer Lending, Crowdfunding ;DaGwdf cWoog ul/g] .
51. !!( cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ah]6 jQmJoadf]lhd n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj sf]ifdf /sd hDdf
;fdflhs a}+lsË cjwf/0ffcg'?k b'u{d tyf lk5l8Psf] If]qdf ljQLo ;]jf ug]{, cfwf/ b/ k|sfzg ug{ nufpg] nufotsf gLltut
k|jfx ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] . Joj:yfdfkm{t ;Daf]wg ul/Psf] .
52. !@) a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ljkGg ju{ shf{ ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
cGtu{t yf]s shf{ k|jfx ubf{ cfwf/ b/df @ k|ltzt laGb';Dd dfq lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
lk|ldod yk u/L Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g] .
53. !@! n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cfkm\gf] k'FhLsf]if a/fa/sf] C0fkq hf/L u/L ldlt @)&(÷)$÷!* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
;|f]t kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ul/g] .
54. !@@ cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ah]6 jQmJoadf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfjZos ;xhLs/0f ul/Psf] .
;d]t nufgL /x]sf] u|fdL0f ljsf; n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'g/;+/rgf
ePkZrft k'FhL ;+/rgf / ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ ;DaGwdf
cfjZos ;xhLs/0f ul/g] .
55. !@# cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ah]6 jQmJoadf]lhd s[lif shf{df ;xh kx'Fr /fo÷;'emfj pknAw u/fOPsf] .
k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] :yfkgf x'g] n3'ljQ sf]ifsf] sfg"gL, ;+:yfut / sfo{
;+rfng 9fFrfcg';f/ sfof{Gjogdf ;xhLs/0f ul/g] .
56. !@$ cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) nfO{ ljB'tLo e'QmfgL sf/f]af/ k|j4{g jif{sf] ?kdf
/fli6«o e'QmfgL af]8{sf] ;lrjfnosf] e'ldsfdf /x]sf] e'QmfgL
dgfpg cfjZos ;+:yfut ;dGjo ul/g] . k|0ffnL ljefun] e'QmfgL af]8{df o; ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z
u/L ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug{ lgb]{zg k|fKt ePsf]
/ ;f]xLadf]lhd ljleGg ;/sf/L÷u}/;/sf/L lgsfox? tyf
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?;Fu ;dGjo ul/Psf] .
57. !@$ Innovation Center/Regulatory Sandbox :yfkgf ;DaGwL cWoog ul/g] . cWoog k|ltj]bg tof/ ePsf] .
58. !@% cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ah]6 jQmJoadf]lhd k"0f{ l8lh6n a}+ssf] cjwf/0ff kq tof/ ePsf]] .
:yfkgf ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g @)%*, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL g]kfn /fi6« a}+s P]g, @)%* / a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL
P]]g @)&# sf] ;+zf]wg tyf cfjZos cGo ljz]if P]g Pjd\ ;+:yfut P]]g, @)&# sf] ;+zf]wg k|:tfj tof/ ePsf]
;+/rgf tof/ ug{] ;DaGwdf cfjZos sfo{ ul/g] .
29

qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd
59. !@^ e'QmfgL;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ cg'dlt k|fKt ;+:yfx? Ps cfk;df
ufEg]÷ufleg] tyf k|flKt ug]{, o:tf ;+:yfx?df tf]lsPsf] ;Ldf;Dd
j}b]lzs nufgL leq\ofpg] nufot cg'dlt;DaGwL ljBdfg gLltut
Joj:yf k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
60. !@& Ohfhtkqk|fKt a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] hf/L u/]sf ljleGg e'QmfgL
sf8{x?af6 g]kfndf ul/g] sf/f]af/sf] km5\of}{6 g]kfnleq} ug{ / o;
k|of]hgsf nflu a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ljb]zL d'b|fdf hf/L ug{]
hdfgt÷j08 g]kfnL d'b|fd} hf/L] ug{'kg{] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
61. !@* e'QmfgL;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ cg'dlt k|fKt ;+:yfx?sf nflu ;fOj/ tyf
;"rgf k|ljlw;DaGwL ;'/Iff dfu{bz{g hf/L ul/g] .
62. !@( ljQLo kx'Frsf] jf:tljs l:ylt dfkg ug{ ljQLo ;dfj]lztf ;"rsfÍ
-Financial Inclusion Index_ tof/ ul/g] .
63. !#) ljQLo u|fxs ;+/If0f, l8lh6n ljQLo ;fIf/tf, ljQLo ;fIf/tf;DaGwL
tflnd lgb]{lzsf ;lxtsf] ljQLo ;fIf/tf ?k/]vf, @)&( -Financial
Literacy Framework, 2022_ hf/L ul/g] .
64. !#) ljQLo ;fIf/tf;DaGwL ljifonfO{ ljBfno :t/sf] kf7oqmddf ;dfj]z
ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/, lzIff dGqfno, kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|;Fu ;dGjo
ul/g] .
30
sfof{Gjog l:ylt
cg'dlt;DaGwL ljBdfg gLltut Joj:yf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L
cg'dlt gLlt, @)&( sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] .
e'QmfgL;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ cg'dltkq k|fKt ;+:yfx?nfO{
hf/L ul/Psf] PsLs[t lgb]{zgsf] lgb]{zg g+= ! sf] ^ df
;f];DaGwL Joj:yf yk u/L ;+zf]wgsf] ul/Psf] .
;fOj/ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw;DaGwL ;'/Iff dfu{bz{gsf] d:of}bf
tof/ ePsf] .
Financial Inclusion Index ;DaGwL k|f/lDes ;"rsfÍ tof/
ePsf] .
Financial Literacy Framework hf/L ePsf] .
;dGjo x'Fb} cfPsf] .
cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] klxnf] q}dfl;s ;dLIffdfkm{t ul/Psf Joj:yfx?sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog l:ylt
1. %# s[lif If]q;Fu ;DalGwt klAns lnld6]8 sDkgLx?n] bf];|f] ahf/df hf/L ldlt @)&(÷)*÷@* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
u/]sf] C0fkqdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u/]sf] nufgLnfO{ o; a}+sn]
pQm If]qdf Go"gtd shf{ nufgL ug'{kg]{ u/L tf]lsPsf] ;Ldfdf u0fgf ug{
kfpg] Joj:yf ul/g] .
2. %$ jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ $=$ k|ltztaf6 $ k|ltzt tyf ldlt @)&(÷)*÷@* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLsf] cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ % k|ltztaf6 $=^ @)*) c;f/af6 cf};t Aofhb/ cGt/ jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf]
k|ltzt sfod ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g] . xsdf $ k|ltzt / ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLx?sf]
lk|ldod;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] lgoldt cg'udg ;d]t ul/g] . xsdf $=^ k|ltzt eGbfa9L gx'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] .
u}/–:ynut ?kdf lgoldt cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
3. %% n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfn] @)&( df3b]lv cfwf/ b/ dfl;s ?kdf k|sfzg ldlt @)&(÷)*÷@* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g] .
4. %^ tf]lsPsf] shf{–lgIf]k cg'kft gk'u]df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ nfUg] ldlt @)&(÷)*÷@* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
hl/jfgfnfO{ t/ntf hf]lvddf ;d]t cfwfl/t x'g] u/L k'g/fjnf]sg
ul/g] .
5. %& sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] rfn' k'FhL shf{;DaGwL dfu{bz{gnfO{ k|fKt ;'emfasf ldlt @)&(÷)(÷@) df rfn' kF'hL shf{;DaGwL dfu{bz{g,
cfwf/df ;Daf]wg ul/g] . @)&( -k|yd ;+zf]wg ;lxt_ hf/L ul/Psf] .
6. %* t/ntfdf b]lvPsf] bafanfO{ b[li6ut u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ldlt @)&(÷)*÷@* df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
tf]lsPsf] If]qdf shf{ k|jfx gu/]df @)*) c;f/ d;fGtsf] cfwf/df
@)*) k';b]lv xhf{gf u0fgf ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
31

cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] c4{jflif{s ;dLIffdfkm{t ul/Psf Joj:yfx?sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd
1. ^) a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ *=% k|ltztsf] a}+s b/df o; a}+sn] pknJw
u/fpFb} cfPsf] b}lgs t/ntf ;'ljwf cGtu{tsf] cf]e/gfO6 t/ntf ;'ljwf
& k|ltztsf] gLltut b/df pknJw x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
2. ^@ @)*) h]7 d;fGt;Ddsf] nflu C0fLn] e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{ shf{sf]
;fFjf÷Aofh bfloTj efvf gf3]sf] Ps dlxgfleq e'Qmfg u/]df k]gfn
Aofh lng gkfOg] Joj:yf ul/g] .
3. ^# ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]u–Joj;fo ;~rfngnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{ a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 k|jfx eO{ @)&( k'; d;fGtdf ;s[o ju{df /x]sf]
?=@ s/f]8;Ddsf] shf{nfO{ pBf]u–Joj;fosf] gub k|jfx tyf cfDbfgL]
ljZn]if0f u/L @)*) c;f/ d;fGtleq k'g/;+/rgf tyf k'g/tflnsLs/0f
ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
4. ^$ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] shf{sf] u'0f:t/nfO{ yk ;'b[9 agfpg shf{
juL{s/0f tyf gf]S;fgL Joj:yfcGtu{t lgliqmo ju{df juL{s[t ePsf]
shf{ lgoldt x'gf;fy c;n Pjd\ ;"Id lgu/fgL ju{df juL{s[t
ug]{ nufotsf Joj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o c;n cEof; ;d]tsf cfwf/df
k'g/fjnf]sg ul/g] .
5. ^% a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] sfod ug'{kg]{ shf{ / lgIf]kaLrsf] cf};t
Aofhb/ cGt/ tyf C0fLaf6 lng] lk|ldod;DjGwL Joj:yfsf] cg'udgnfO{
yk k|efjsf/L agfOg] .
32
sfof{Gjog l:ylt
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, b}lgs t/ntf ;'ljwf;DaGwL sfo{ljlw
;+zf]wg eO{ ldlt @)&(÷)(÷)! b]lv pQm Joj:yf
sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] .
ldlt @)&(÷!!÷!@ df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
k]gfn Aofh lnP÷glnPsf] ;DaGwdf :ynut lg/LIf0fsf]
qmddf cg'udg ul/Psf] .
ldlt @)&(÷!!÷!@ df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
k'g/;+/rgf tyf k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{
kfpg] Joj:yfadf]lhd cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
k'g/fjnf]sg x'g] qmddf /x]sf] .
:ynut tyf u}/–:ynut ?kdf lgoldt cg'udg
eO/x]sf] .
cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] df}lb|s gLltsf] t];|f] q}dfl;s ;dLIffdfkm{t ul/Psf Joj:yfx?sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf
qm=;+= a'Fbf g+= nIo÷sfo{qmd
1. %& ljBdfg a}+s b/nfO{ ! k|ltzt laGb'n] 36fO{ &=% k|ltzt sfod ul/Psf] .
2. %( a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 hf/L ePsf C0fkqx?nfO{ shf{–lgIf]k cg'kft
u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;|f]t -lgIf]k_ sf] ?kdf ;d]t u0fgf ug{ kfpg]
ljBdfg Joj:yfnfO{ @)*) k'; d;fGt;Ddsf] nflu lg/Gt/tf lbOg] .
3. ^) /fli6«o tYofÍ sfof{non] k|sfzg ug]{ tYofÍsf] cfwf/df kl5Nnf b'O{
qodf;;Dd nuftf/ C0ffTds j[l4 x'g uPsf cfly{s If]qx?;Fu ;Dj4
C0fLx?n] ;'ljwf kfpg] u/L sf]ifdf pknJw ;|f]tsf] ;Ldfleq /xL k'g/shf{
;'ljwf pknJw u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
4. ^! cy{tGqsf] jf:tljs If]qdf b]lvPsf] lzlyntfnfO{ b[li6ut u/L a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] C0fLsf] gub k|jfxsf] ljZn]if0f u/L cfjZostf /
cf}lrTotfsf] cfwf/df xf]6n tyf /]i6'/]G6, kz'k+IfL kfng, lgdf{0f If]q;Fu
;DjlGwt shf{ / ?=% s/f]8;Ddsf] cGo If]qdf k|jfx ePsf] shf{nfO{ @)*)
c;f/ d;fGtleq k'g/;+/rgf÷k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
5. ^@ jf:tljs If]qdf b]vfk/]sf] lzlyntfsf sf/0fn] shf{ r'Qmf ug{ k/]sf]
sl7gfO{nfO{ b[li6ut u/L cNksfnLg tyf rfn' k'FhL k|s[ltsf shf{x?nfO{
Aofh lgoldt /x]sf] cj:yfdf cfjZostf / cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df s'g}
lsl;dsf] xhf{gf÷z'Ns glng] u/L # dlxgf;Ddsf nflu @)*) c;f/
d;fGtleq Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ul/g] .
6. ^# jf:tljs If]qdf b]vfk/]sf] lzlyntfsf sf/0fn] n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfsf
;b:o C0fLx?nfO{ shf{ r'Qmf ug{ k/]sf] sl7gfO{nfO{ b[li6ut u/L ;DjlGwt
;+:yfn] cfjZostf / cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df @)*) c;f/ d;fGtleq shf{sf]
k'g/;+/rgf÷k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfOg] .
sfof{Gjog l:ylt
df}lb|s gLltsf] t];|f] q}dfl;s ;dLIff ;fj{hlgs eP;Fu}
sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] .
ldlt @)*)÷)@÷)# df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
C0fkqx?nfO{ shf{–lgIf]k cg'kft u0fgf ug]{ k|of]hgsf
nflu ;|f]tsf] ?kdf u0fgf eO/x]sf] .
ldlt @)*)÷)@÷)( df k'g/shf{ sfo{ljlw, @)&&
-5}6f}+ ;+zf]wg ;lxt_ hf/L ul/Psf] .
ldlt @)*)÷)@÷)# df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
k'g/;+/rgf÷k'g/tflnsLs/0f ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf cg';f/
a}+sx?n] shf{ k'g/;+/rgf÷k'g/tflnsLs/0f ul//x]sf]
;DaGwdf :ynut tyf u}/–:ynut ?kdf cg'udg
eO/x]sf] .
ldlt @)*)÷)@÷)# df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
xhf{gf÷z'Ns lnP÷glnPsf] ;DaGwdf :ynut
lg/LIf0fsf] qmddf cg'udg eO/x]sf] .
ldlt @)*)÷)@÷!) df kl/kq hf/L ul/Psf] .
33
 35

tflnsf ;"rL
tflnsf ! s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -@)^&÷^* sf] d"Nodf_
tflnsf @ s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -k|rlnt d"Nodf_
tflnsf # /fli6«o cfo, nufgL tyf art -k|rlnt d"Nodf_
tflnsf $ /fli6«o pkef]Qmf d"No ;"rsfÍ -cfwf/ jif{ @)&!÷&@ = !))_
tflnsf % df}lb|s ;j]{If0f
tflnsf ^ df}lb|s ;j]{If0f -jflif{s ljGb'ut_
tflnsf & Aofhb/ ;+/rgf
tflnsf * df}lb|s Joj:yfkg
tflnsf ( l/kf] af]nsaf]n
tflnsf !) ;f]e}m vl/b af]nsaf]n
tflnsf !! l/e;{ l/kf] af]nsaf]n
tflnsf !@ lgIf]k ;+sng af]nsaf]n
tflnsf !# Aofhb/ sl/8f]/
tflnsf !$ :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf
tflnsf !% cf]e/gfO6 t/ntf ;'ljwf
tflnsf !^ ;/sf/L ljQ l:ylt -a}lsË sf/f]af/df cfwfl/t_
tflnsf !& g]kfn ;/sf/sf] s'n cfGtl/s C0f
tflnsf !* g]kfn ;/sf/sf] v'b cfGtl/s C0f kl/rfng
tflnsf !( j}b]lzs Jofkf/
tflnsf @) zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt
tflnsf @! a}lsË If]q;Fu /x]sf] s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt
tflnsf @@ ljb]zL d'b|f vl/b÷laqmL
 36

tflnsf !
s'n ufx{
tflnsf
:Yo ! pTkfbg
-@)^&÷^*
s'n ufx{:Yosf] d"Nodf_
pTkfbg
-@)^&÷^* sf] d"Nodf_
?= s/f]8df k|ltzt kl/jt{g
zLif{s ;+ k|f ;+ k|f
2 07 4 / 7 5 2 07 5 / 7 6 2 07 6 / 7 7 2 07 7 / 7 8 2 0 7 8/ 7 9 2 0 7 9 / 80 2 07 5 / 7 6 2 07 6 / 7 7 2 07 7 / 7 8 2 0 7 8/ 7 9 2 0 7 9 / 80
s[lif 5 8, 4 1 6 . 7 61,4 2 9 . 2 62 ,9 2 2 . 9 64 ,7 15 . 4 66,165 . 5 67 ,9 7 1. 0 5.2 2.4 2.8 2.2 2.7
s[lif, jg tyf dT:o 58,416.7 61,429.2 62,922.9 64,715.4 66,165.5 67,971.0 5.2 2.4 2.8 2.2 2.7
u}/ s[lif 1 3 9 , 84 8. 6 14 9 ,4 9 7 . 1 1 4 2 , 89 2 . 0 1 5 0,334 . 4 1 6 0,1 9 1 . 5 1 6 3,2 6 7 . 4 6.9 -4.4 5.2 6.6 1.9
pBf]u 3 0 , 86 8. 6 33,1 4 6 . 5 3 1 , 81 2 . 9 34 ,02 2 . 7 37 ,6 9 5 . 9 37 ,9 1 7 . 2 7.4 -4.0 6.9 1 0. 8 0. 6
vfgL tyf pTvgg 1,286.7 1,513.4 1,479.7 1,548.5 1,685.4 1,704.1 17.6 -2.2 4.7 8.8 1.1
cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg 11,678.5 12,440.3 11,317.1 12,296.8 13,125.7 12,858.0 6.5 -9.0 8.7 6.7 -2.0
ljB't, Uof;, jfik tyf jftfg's'lnt cfk"lt{ ;]jf 2,154.6 2,361.7 2,822.4 2,940.3 4,508.9 5,381.9 9.6 19.5 4.2 53.4 19.4
kfgL cfk"lt{, 9n kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg tyf k'gM pTkfbgsf lqmofsnfkx? 1,532.2 1,551.0 1,584.3 1,605.6 1,638.1 1,673.6 1.2 2.1 1.3 2.0 2.2
lgdf{0f 14,216.5 15,280.1 14,609.5 15,631.5 16,737.8 16,299.6 7.5 -4.4 7.0 7.1 -2.6
;]jf 1 0 8, 9 80 . 0 1 1 6 ,35 0. 6 1 1 1 ,07 9 . 1 1 1 6 ,31 1 . 7 12 2 ,4 9 5 . 5 1 2 5 ,35 0. 1 6.8 -4.5 4.7 5.3 2.3
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/Ù uf8L tyf df]6/;fOsn dd{t ;]jf 32,576.7 35,219.4 31,208.0 33,279.8 35,761.1 34,701.6 8.1 -11.4 6.6 7.5 -3.0
oftfoft tyf e08f/0f 11,755.2 12,786.3 11,278.3 11,778.5 12,321.3 12,462.2 8.8 -11.8 4.4 4.6 1.1
cfjf; tyf ef]hg ;]jf 3,488.7 3,834.8 2,424.5 2,684.7 3,023.1 3,584.3 9.9 -36.8 10.7 12.6 18.6
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ 7,294.2 7,808.4 7,966.2 8,258.9 8,599.8 8,949.7 7.0 2.0 3.7 4.1 4.1
ljQLo dWo:ytf 10,594.1 11,266.7 11,227.4 11,750.4 12,559.3 13,475.1 6.3 -0.3 4.7 6.9 7.3
3/hUuf sf/f]af/sf] ;]jf 16,218.1 16,826.9 17,176.6 17,651.6 17,938.7 18,328.2 3.8 2.1 2.8 1.6 2.2
k]zfut, a}1flgs tyf k|fljlws lqmofsnfkx? 1,816.5 1,918.4 1,947.6 1,976.9 2,046.1 2,134.0 5.6 1.5 1.5 3.5 4.3
k|zf;lgs tyf ;xof]uL ;]jfsf lqmofsnfkx? 1,406.7 1,497.2 1,530.0 1,565.1 1,599.4 1,679.6 6.4 2.2 2.3 2.2 5.0
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g tyf /Iff 9,120.0 9,586.5 10,176.9 10,521.2 10,950.5 11,530.9 5.1 6.2 3.4 4.1 5.3
lzIff 11,328.8 12,006.0 12,390.4 12,876.0 13,476.0 14,023.9 6.0 3.2 3.9 4.7 4.1
:jf:Yo tyf ;fdflhs sfo{ 2,450.3 2,614.3 2,750.2 2,931.6 3,136.6 3,340.9 6.7 5.2 6.6 7.0 6.5
cGo ;]jfsf lqmofsnfkx? 930.6 985.7 1,003.1 1,037.0 1,083.5 1,139.9 5.9 1.8 3.4 4.5 5.2
s'n d"No clej[l4 -cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_ 1 9 8, 2 6 5 . 3 2 1 0,9 2 6 . 3 2 0 5 , 81 4 . 9 2 1 5 ,04 9 . 7 2 2 6 ,35 7 . 0 2 3 1 , 2 3 8. 3 6.4 -2.4 4.5 5.3 2.2
pTkflbt j:t'df v'b s/ 21,105.3 23,048.0 22,615.0 24,432.0 26,567.4 26,386.7 9.2 -1.9 8.0 8.7 -0.7
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg 2 1 9 ,37 0. 6 2 33,9 7 4 . 3 2 2 8, 4 3 0 . 0 2 3 9 , 4 81 . 8 2 5 2 ,9 2 4 . 3 2 5 7 ,62 5 . 1 6.7 -2.4 4.8 5.6 1.9
;+ – ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg .
k|f – k|f/lDes cg'dfg .
;|f]tM /fli6 «o tYofÍ sfof{no .
 tflnsf @
:Yo pTkfbg
s'n ufx{tflnsf @
-k|s'rnlnt odf_
ufx{:Yod"NpTkfbg
-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
?= s/f]8df k|ltzt kl/jt{g
zLif{s ;+ k|f ;+ k|f
20 74/75 20 75/76 20 76/77 20 77/78 20 78/79 20 79/80 20 75/76 20 76/77 20 77/78 20 78/79 20 79/80
s[lif 77,187. 5 83 ,288. 7 86,251. 8 95,849. 5 10 3 ,90 7. 3 113 ,275. 1 7. 9 3.6 11. 1 8. 4 9. 0
s[lif, jg tyf dT:o 77,187.5 83,288.7 86,251.8 95,849.5 103,907.3 113,275.1 7.9 3.6 11.1 8.4 9.0
u}/ s[lif 223 ,914. 7 250 ,959. 3 256,60 0 . 6 275,643 . 9 3 17,3 0 7. 2 3 56,3 74. 3 12. 1 2. 2 7. 4 15. 1 12. 3
pBf]u 45,620 . 7 50 ,20 7. 3 46,848. 5 51,3 25. 5 59,3 51. 5 63 ,170 . 5 10 . 1 - 6. 7 9. 6 15. 6 6. 4
vfgL tyf pTvgg 1,845.0 2,199.9 2,044.3 2,044.8 2,325.4 2,418.5 19.2 -7.1 0.0 13.7 4.0
cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg 16,956.5 19,223.0 17,401.4 20,744.4 23,972.3 24,969.4 13.4 -9.5 19.2 15.6 4.2
ljB't, Uof;, jfik tyf jftfg'sl' nt cfk"lt{ ;]jf 3,098.1 3,385.9 4,037.5 4,204.7 6,428.1 7,698.8 9.3 19.2 4.1 52.9 19.8
kfgL cfk"lt{, 9n kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg tyf k'gM pTkfbgsf lqmofsnfkx? 1,948.8 1,972.4 2,012.4 2,072.8 2,107.2 2,154.3 1.2 2.0 3.0 1.7 2.2
lgdf{0f 21,772.3 23,426.0 21,353.0 22,258.8 24,518.5 25,929.5 7.6 -8.8 4.2 10.2 5.8
;]jf 178,294. 0 20 0 ,752. 0 20 9,752. 2 224,3 18. 4 257,955. 7 293 ,20 3 . 7 12. 6 4. 5 6. 9 15. 0 13 . 7
yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/Ù uf8L tyf df]6/;fOsn dd{t ;]jf 47,365.2 54,304.5 51,497.7 57,968.4 68,791.5 72,289.7 14.7 -5.2 12.6 18.7 5.1
oftfoft tyf e08f/0f 19,786.6 21,579.7 18,032.3 19,638.0 25,698.0 31,883.4 9.1 -16.4 8.9 30.9 24.1
cfjf; tyf ef]hg ;]jf 6,731.5 7,565.0 5,043.3 5,877.9 7,224.3 9,305.1 12.4 -33.3 16.5 22.9 28.8
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ 7,027.6 7,412.2 7,695.6 8,269.3 8,795.3 9,261.4 5.5 3.8 7.5 6.4 5.3
ljQLo dWo:ytf 18,665.7 20,713.4 24,194.5 25,328.4 29,101.2 34,625.5 11.0 16.8 4.7 14.9 19.0
3/hUuf sf/f]af/sf] ;]jf 26,437.7 29,571.4 32,295.6 33,361.2 35,645.6 39,299.3 11.9 9.2 3.3 6.8 10.3
k]zfut, a}1flgs tyf k|fljlws lqmofsnfkx? 2,978.4 3,272.2 3,535.1 3,709.8 4,076.9 4,549.7 9.9 8.0 4.9 9.9 11.6
k|zf;lgs tyf ;xof]uL ;]jfsf lqmofsnfkx? 1,969.9 2,547.1 2,777.1 2,912.1 3,039.0 3,375.3 29.3 9.0 4.9 4.4 11.1
;fj{hlgs k|zf;g tyf /Iff 19,365.7 21,857.1 27,666.0 28,765.6 31,877.0 38,259.6 12.9 26.6 4.0 10.8 20.0
lzIff 21,954.4 25,158.6 28,845.9 29,666.4 33,783.9 38,587.2 14.6 14.7 2.8 13.9 14.2
:jf:Yo tyf ;fdflhs sfo{ 4,406.2 4,977.6 6,032.8 6,527.9 7,416.3 8,997.0 13.0 21.2 8.2 13.6 21.3
cGo ;]jfsf lqmofsnfkx? 1,605.0 1,793.3 2,136.3 2,293.3 2,506.6 2,770.4 11.7 19.1 7.3 9.3 10.5
s'n d"No clej[l4 -cfwf/e"t d"Nodf_ 3 0 1,10 2. 2 3 3 4,248. 1 3 42,852. 4 3 71,493 . 3 421,214. 5 469,649. 4 11. 0 2. 6 8. 4 13 . 4 11. 5
pTkflbt j:t'df v'b s/ 44,492.7 51,645.0 46,017.9 63,761.7 72,155.2 68,484.1 16.1 -10.9 38.6 13.2 -5.1
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg 3 45,594. 9 3 85,893 . 0 3 88,870 . 4 43 5,255. 0 493 ,3 69. 7 53 8,13 3 . 5 11. 7 0.8 11. 9 13 . 4 9. 1
;+ – ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg .
k|f – k|f/lDes cg'dfg .
;|f]tM /fli6«o tYofÍ sfof{no .
37
 38

tflnsf #
/fli6«o cfo,tflnsf
nufgL
# tyf art
cfo,
/fli6«o -k| rlnt
nufgLd"Ntyf
odf_art
-k|rlnt d"Nodf_
?= s/f]8df s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg;Fu cg'kft
zLif{s
;+ k|f ;+ k|f
2 07 4/ 7 5 2 07 5/ 7 6 2 07 6 / 7 7 2 07 7 / 7 8 2 07 8 / 7 9 2 07 9 / 8 0 2 07 5/ 7 6 2 07 6 / 7 7 2 07 7 / 7 8 2 07 8 / 7 9 2 07 9 / 8 0
s'n pkef]u 2 9 4, 47 5. 9 3 2 6 ,83 8. 3 3 6 6 ,6 2 9 . 5 407 ,51 6 . 9 46 4,8 9 1 . 5 503 ,6 1 4. 9 8 4. 7 9 4. 3 93.6 9 4. 2 93.6
;/sf/L If]q 27,860.3 31,323.3 35,261.7 35,926.0 41,865.6 29,231.2 8.1 9.1 8.3 8.5 5.4
lghL If]q 261,717.1 289,638.0 324,642.2 363,952.6 414,151.6 464,227.4 75.1 83.5 83.6 83.9 86.3
u}/—d'gfkmfsf/L ;+:yfx? 4,898.5 5,877.0 6,725.6 7,638.3 8,874.4 10,156.3 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9
s'n nufgL 1 3 6 ,6 7 5. 2 1 59 ,6 7 7 . 7 1 1 8,3 73 . 2 1 53 ,051 . 3 1 8 4,6 01 . 7 1 7 5,41 5. 8 41 . 4 3 0. 4 3 5. 2 37. 4 32. 6
s'n l:y/ kF'hL nufgL 112,086.4 130,490.2 118,485.8 127,685.7 140,380.4 135,645.7 33.8 30.5 29.3 28.5 25.2
;/sf/L If]q 25,322.9 22,187.5 20,683.0 27,068.4 29,588.7 28,189.9 5.7 5.3 6.2 6.0 5.2
;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg 8,918.4 9,968.2 9,302.5 6,116.2 6,686.8 3,199.7 2.6 2.4 1.4 1.4 0.6
lghL If]q 77,845.1 98,334.5 88,500.3 94,501.2 104,104.9 104,256.2 25.5 22.8 21.7 21.1 19.4
:6s kl/jt{g 24,588.8 29,187.5 (112.5) 25,365.6 44,221.3 39,770.1 7.6 0.0 5.8 9.0 7.4
s'n cfGtl/s dfu 43 1 ,1 51 . 1 48 6 ,51 5. 9 48 5, 002 . 7 56 0,56 8 . 2 6 49 ,49 3 . 2 6 7 9 ,03 0. 7 1 26. 1 1 2 4. 7 1 28. 8 1 31 .6 1 26. 2
j:t' tyf ;]jf lgof{{t 27,010.5 30,022.2 26,463.8 22,281.5 33,354.8 38,511.2 7.8 6.8 5.1 6.8 7.2
j:t' tyf ;]jf cfoft 140,421.3 160,028.3 132,657.6 165,112.4 210,364.1 196,433.0 41.5 34.1 37.9 42.6 36.5
v'b j:t' tyf ;]jf lgof{{t -113410.8 -130006.0 -106193.8 -142830.9 -177009.3 -157921.9 -33.7 -27.3 -32.8 -35.9 -29.3
s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg 3 45, 59 5. 0 3 8 5,8 9 3 . 0 3 8 8 ,8 7 0. 4 43 5,2 55. 0 49 3 ,3 6 9 . 7 53 8 ,1 3 3 . 5 1 00. 0 1 00. 0 1 00. 0 1 00. 0 1 00. 0
v'b ;fwg cfo 2,261.5 3,991.6 4,595.4 2,328.6 2,889.1 4,293.3 1.0 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.8
s'n /fli6«o cfo 3 47 , 8 56 . 4 3 8 9 ,8 8 4. 6 3 9 3 ,46 5. 7 43 7 ,58 3 . 6 49 6 ,2 58 . 7 542 ,42 6 . 8 1 01 . 0 1 01 . 2 1 00. 5 1 00. 6 1 00. 8
v'b 6«fG;\km/ 86,467.1 99,478.5 98,222.1 107,135.2 111,787.7 131,564.0 25.8 25.3 24.6 22.7 24.4
s'n /fli6«o vr{of]Uo cfDbfgL 43 4,3 2 3 . 5 48 9 ,3 6 3 . 1 49 1 ,6 8 7. 9 544,7 1 8 . 8 6 08 ,046 . 4 6 7 3 ,9 9 0. 8 1 26. 8 1 26. 4 1 2 5. 1 1 23. 2 1 2 5. 2
s'n ufx{:Yo art 51 , 1 1 9 . 1 59 ,054. 8 2 2 ,2 40. 9 2 7,73 8. 1 2 8 ,478 . 1 3 4,51 8 . 6 1 5. 3 5. 7 6.4 5. 8 6.4
s'n /fli6«o art 1 3 9 ,8 47. 6 1 6 2 ,52 4. 8 1 2 5,058 . 4 1 3 7 ,2 01 . 9 1 43 ,1 54. 9 1 7 0,3 7 5. 9 42 . 1 32. 2 31 .5 29 . 0 31 .7
;+ – ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg .
k|f – k|f/lDes cg'dfg .
;|f]tM /fli6«o tYofÍ sfof{no .
 39

tflnsf $
tflnsf
/fli6«o pkef] Qmf $d"No ;"rsfÍ
/fli6«-cfwf/ jif{ Q
o pkef] M @)&!÷&@
mf d"No ;"ÖrsfÍ
!))_
-cfwf/ jif{ M @)&!÷&@ = !))_
207 6 / 7 7 207 7 / 7 8 207 8/ 7 9 207 9/ 80
dlxgf
d"No ;"rsfÍ k|ltzt kl/jt{g d"No ;"rsfÍ k|ltzt kl/jt{g d"No ;"rsfÍ k|ltzt kl/jt{g d"No ;"rsfÍ k|ltzt kl/jt{g
;fpg 131.87 6.95 136.48 3.49 142.42 4.35 154.19 8.26
ebf} 131.67 6.16 137.62 4.52 142.42 3.49 154.73 8.64
c;f]h 132.56 6.21 137.58 3.79 143.42 4.24 155.60 8.50
sflQs 132.82 5.76 138.19 4.05 146.54 6.04 158.38 8.08
d+l;/ 132.51 6.55 136.39 2.93 146.09 7.11 156.87 7.38
k'; 132.38 6.82 137.10 3.56 144.84 5.65 155.36 7.26
df3 132.76 6.87 136.34 2.70 144.85 6.24 156.26 7.88
kmfu'g 132.40 6.70 136.41 3.03 146.15 7.14 157.02 7.44
r}t 133.22 6.74 137.35 3.10 147.34 7.28 158.77 7.76
j}zfv 133.67 5.83 138.54 3.65 149.44 7.87 160.51 7.41
h]7 133.54 4.54 139.14 4.19 151.04 8.56 161.36 6.83
c;f/ 134.69 4.78 140.33 4.19 151.67 8.08 - -
jflif{s 1 3 2. 84 6. 1 5 1 37. 62 3. 60 1 46. 32 6. 32 1 5 7 . 1 9* 7.77*

*P3f/ dlxgfsf] cf};t .

 40
tflnsf %
df}lb|s ;j]{If0f
 tflnsf ^
df}lb|s ;j]{If0f
-jflif{s laGb'ut_
41
 tflnsf & 42
Aofhb/ ;+/rgf
-k|ltzt k|ltjif{_
 43

tflnsf* *
tflnsf
df}lb|s Joj:yfkg
df}lb|s Joj:yfkg
-?= s/f]8df_
zLif{s 20 7 7 / 7 8 20 7 8 / 7 9 20 7 9 / 8 0

s= t/ntf k|jfx 4 3 , 8 27 . 7 9 7 0 , 24 1 . 0 5 5 1 ,8 1 8 . 6
!= l/kf] 5,000.0 27,000.0 31,650.0
@= ;f]em} vl/b - 5,591.6 8,970.0
#= l/kf] af]nsaf]n * 1,793.7 20,638.8 9,797.3
$= :yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf 37,034.0 917,010.6 272,711.2
%= cf]e/gfO6 t/ntf ;'ljwf# - - 228,690.1
v= t/ntf k|zf]rg 3 0 , 3 29 . 0 6,000. 0 1 0 , 8 20 . 0
!= l/e;{ l/kf] 10,954.0 2,835.0 8,820.0
@= ;f]em} laqmL - - -
#= lgIf]k ;+sng af]nsaf]n 19,375.0 3,165.0 2,000.0
$= lgIf]k ;+sng af]nsaf]n * - - -
u= v'b t/ntf k|jfx -±_÷k|zf]rg -–_ 1 3 ,4 9 8 . 7 9 6 4 , 24 1 . 0 5 4 0,9 9 8 . 6
* Aofhb/ sl/8f]/ cGtu{tsf] sf/f]jf/ .
#
@)&( k';af6 sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] .
 tflnsf (
44

l/kf] af]nsaf]n
 45

tflnsf!)!)
tflnsf
;f];f]ee}m}m vl/b af]saf]
vl/b af]n nsaf]
n n
-?= s/f]8df_
20 7 8 / 7 9 20 7 9 / 8 0
dlxgf
/sd Aofhb/* /sd Aofhb/*
;fpg - - - -
ebf} - - 1,485.0 8.90
c;f]h - - 2,885.0 8.47
sflQs - - 2,850.0 8.37
d+l;/ 2,721.6 4.28 1,165.0 7.57
k'; - - - -
df3 - - - -
kmfu'g 2,870.0 4.27 - -
r}t - - 585.0 7.89
a}zfv - - - -
h]7 - - - -
c;f/ - - - -
s'n 5 ,5 9 1 . 6 4 . 27 8 ,9 70. 0 8.3 6
*efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ .
 46

tflnsf !!
l/e;{ l/kf] af]nsaf]n
 tflnsf !@
lgIf]k ;+tflnsf
sng !@af]nsaf]n
lgIf]k ;+sng af]nsaf]n
-?= s/f]8df_
& lbg] !$ lbg] @( lbg]
dlxgf 20 78 / 79 20 79 / 8 0 20 78 / 79 20 79 / 8 0 20 78 / 79 20 79 / 8 0
/sd Aofhb/* /sd Aofhb/* /sd Aofhb/* /sd Aofhb/* /sd Aofhb/* /sd Aofhb/*
;fpg 1,165.0 1.00 - - 2,000.0 0.72 - - - - - -
ebf} - - - - - - - - - - - -
c;f]h - - - - - - - - - - - -
sflQs - - - - - - - - - - - -
d+l;/ - - - - - - - - - - - -
k'; - - - - - - - - - - - -
df3 - - - - - - - - - - - -
kmfu'g - - - - - - - - - - - -
r}t - - - - - - - - - - -
a}zfv - - - - - - - - - - - -
h]7 - - - - - - - - - - - -
c;f/ - - - - - - - - - - 2,000.0 3.8
s'n 1, 165 . 0 1. 00 - - 2, 000. 0 0 . 72 - - - - 2, 000. 0 3.8
*efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ .
47
48

tflnsf !#
Aofhb/ sl/8f]/

tflnsf !$
:yfoL t/ntf ;'ljwf
 49

tflnsf !%
tflnsf !%
cf]ecf]/gfO6
e/gfO6 t/ntf ljwf#
t/ntf ;';'ljwf #

-?= s/f]8df_
20 7 9 / 8 0
dlxgf
/sd Aofhb/*
;fpg - -
ebf} - -
c;f]h - -
sflQs - -
d+l;/ - -
k'; 469.3 8.50
df3 2,911.2 8.50
kmfu'g 48,186.6 7.00
r}t 70,295.7 7.00
a}zfv 49,945.5 7.00
h]7 30,378.8 7.00
c;f/ 26,503.0 7.00
s'n 228 , 6 9 0 . 1 7. 02
*efl/t cf};t Aofhb/ .
#
@)&( k';af6 sfof{Gjogdf NofOPsf] .
50

tflnsf !^
;/sf/L ljQ l:ylt
-a}+lsË sf/f]af/df cfwfl/t_
-c;f/ d;fGtsf] tYofÍdf cfwfl/t_±
 51

tflnsf !&
tflnsf !&
g]g]kkfn
fn ;/sf/sf] s's'nn cfGtl/s
;/sf/sf] cfGtl/sC0f
C0f
-?= s/f]8df_
l;=g+= C0fkqx? tyf :jfldTj c;f/ /sd kl/jt{g
2 0 78 2 0 79 20 80 2 0 78 / 79 2 0 79/ 8 0
! 6«]h/L laN; 2 795 9. 2 3 5 45 0 . 8 45 7 8 1. 6 7 49 1. 7 10 3 3 0 . 8
s= g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 1547.3 1512.8 4535.3 -34.5 3022.4
v= jfl0fHo a}+sx? 23528.2 32398.8 35318.5 8870.6 2919.7
u= ljsf; a}+sx? 1906.4 1076.0 2502.7 -830.4 1426.7
3= ljQ sDkgLx? 940.3 413.2 206.0 -527.1 -207.2
ª= cGo 37.0 50.0 3219.1 13.0 3169.1
@ ljsf; C0fkq 5 13 9 4. 7 6 2 0 44. 7 6 5 6 44. 7 10 6 5 0 . 0 360 0 .0
s= g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 4112.9 3345.7 2494.9 -767.2 -850.8
v= jfl0fHo a}+sx? 41636.0 50484.2 53832.2 8848.3 3348.0
u= ljsf; a}+sx? 3769.5 5822.5 6652.1 2053.1 829.5
3= ljQ sDkgLx? 1303.9 1805.0 1796.9 501.2 -8.2
ª= cGo 572.5 587.2 868.7 14.7 281.5
# /fli6«o artkq 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
s= g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
v= jfl0fHo a}+sx? 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
u= ljsf; a}+sx? 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3= ljQ sDkgLx? 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
ª= cGo 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
$ gful/s artkq 6 5 9. 6 9 14. 0 10 7 5 . 0 2 5 4. 4 16 1. 0
s= g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 18.1 300.1 390.1 282.0 90.0
v= jfl0fHo a}+sx? 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
u= ljsf; a}+sx? 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
3= ljQ sDkgLx? 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
ª= cGo 641.5 613.9 684.9 -27.6 71.0
% a}b]lzs /f]huf/ artkq 18 . 6 19 . 0 17 . 5 0.5 - 1. 5
s= g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.0 0.4
v= cGo 18.3 18.7 16.9 0.5 -1.8
^ s'n cfGtl/s C0f 80 0 32.0 9 8 42 8 . 5 112 5 18 . 8 18 3 9 6 . 5 140 9 0 . 3
s= g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 5678.7 5159.0 7420.9 -519.7 2262.0
v= jfl0fHo a}+sx? 65164.2 82883.0 89150.7 17718.9 6267.7
u= ljsf; a}+sx? 5675.8 6898.5 9154.8 1222.7 2256.2
3= ljQ sDkgLx? 2244.1 2218.2 2002.9 -25.9 -215.4
ª= cGo 1269.3 1269.7 4789.5 0.5 3519.8
& g]kfn ;/sf/sf] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sdf
/x]sf] lgIf]k - 19 8 7 6 . 1 - 2 2 5 79. 7 - 7 19 7 . 9 2 9 - 2 70 3 . 6 15 3 8 1. 8
-clwljsif{ -±_÷art -–__

s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg;Fu s'n

cfGtl/s C0fsf] cg'kft - 18 . 4 20.0 20.9
* k|ltztdf_
 52

tflnsf !*
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] v'b cfGtl/s C0f kl/rfng
 53

tflnsf !(
j}b]lzs Jofkf/±
54

tflnsf @)
tflnsf @)
zf]wzf]gfGt/
wgfGt/ l:ylt
l:ylt
-?= s/f]8df_
2 077/ 78 2 078/ 79 2 079 / 80
c laGb'ut k|ltzt kl/jt{g
ljj/0f -P3f/ dlxgf_
P3f/ dlxgf jflif{s P3f/ dlxgf jflif{s P3f/ dlxgf 2 078/ 79 2 079 / 80 c
s= rfn' vftf - 2 9 8 1 0 .7 - 3 3 3 6 7 .2 - 5 9 2 1 4 .0 - 6 2 3 3 2 .5 - 6 9 3 9 .8 9 8 .6 - 8 8 .3
lgof{t, Pkm=cf]=aL= 12378.6 14374.5 19472.2 21146.5 16792.8 57.3 -13.8
t]n 214.0 222.7 690.6 806.9 1520.6 222.7 120.2
cGo 12164.6 14151.7 18781.6 20339.6 15272.2 54.4 -18.7
cfoft, Pkm=cf]=aL= -134867.9 -149920.2 -172035.8 -187344.0 -145429.4 27.6 -15.5
t]n -15578.5 -17632.0 -28611.8 -32707.4 -27852.6 83.7 -2.7
cGo -119289.5 -132288.1 -143424.0 -154636.7 -117576.8 20.2 -18.0
Jofkf/ ;Gt'ng - 1 2 2 4 8 9 .3 - 1 3 5 5 4 5 .7 - 1 5 2 5 6 3 .6 - 1 6 6 1 9 7 .5 - 1 2 8 6 3 6 .6 2 4 .6 - 1 5 .7
v'b ;]jf cfo -6388.8 -7285.3 -9950.2 -10811.7 -6768.0 55.7 -32.0
;]jf cfo 7306.0 7907.0 10881.3 12208.4 16853.3 48.9 54.9
ofqf 669.3 726.6 2987.7 3244.7 5806.0 346.4 94.3
cGoq gk/]sf] ;/sf/L cfo 566.6 633.2 887.4 952.6 1007.2 56.6 13.5
cGo 6070.0 6547.2 7006.2 8011.0 10040.1 15.4 43.3
;]jf e'QmfgL -13694.8 -15192.2 -20831.5 -23020.1 -23621.4 52.1 13.4
oftfoft -7204.1 -8097.4 -8498.2 -9223.0 -7457.4 18.0 -12.2
ofqf -3078.9 -3280.0 -8703.3 -9732.3 -11998.6 182.7 37.9
h;df lzIff dfq -2344.7 -2495.9 -5999.4 -6770.2 -8918.2 155.9 48.7
cGoq gk/]sf] ;/sf/L vr{ -315.8 -367.4 -167.1 -175.5 -177.8 -47.1 6.4
cGo -3096.1 -3447.5 -3462.9 -3889.3 -3987.6 11.8 15.2
Jofkf/ tyf ;]jf If]qsf] ;Gt'ng - 1 2 8 8 7 8 .2 - 1 4 2 8 3 0 .9 - 1 6 2 5 1 3 .8 - 1 7 7 0 0 9 .3 - 1 3 5 4 0 4 .6 2 6 .1 - 1 6 .7
v'b cfo 1926.7 2328.6 2419.5 2889.1 5483.3 25.6 126.6
cfo k|fKtL 5499.5 6087.9 4882.7 5749.4 8686.0 -11.2 77.9
cfo e'QmfgL -3572.8 -3759.3 -2463.1 -2860.3 -3202.7 -31.1 30.0
Jofkf/, ;]jf tyf cfo ;Gt'ng - 1 2 6 9 5 1 .5 - 1 4 0 5 0 2 .4 - 1 6 0 0 9 4 .2 - 1 7 4 1 2 0 .2 - 1 2 9 9 2 1 .3 2 6 .1 - 1 8 .8
v'b 6«fG;km/ 97140.7 107135.2 100880.2 111787.7 122981.6 3.8 21.9
6«fG;km/ cfo 97724.0 107741.4 101588.2 112559.5 123616.4 4.0 21.7
cg'bfg 5178.0 5734.1 5036.1 5470.7 5501.3 -2.7 9.2
lghL If]qsf] ljk|]if0f 87130.3 96105.5 90691.7 100730.7 111252.2 4.1 22.7
k]G;g 5398.2 5859.5 5701.6 6196.2 6806.9 5.6 19.4
cGo 17.5 42.4 158.8 161.9 55.9 - -64.8
6«fG;km/ e'QmfgL -583.3 -606.2 -708.1 -771.9 -634.8 21.4 -10.3
v= k"FhL vftf -k"FhL 6«fG;km/_ 1 4 1 5 .2 1 5 2 6 .4 9 4 9 .2 9 9 9 .2 7 3 5 .1 - 3 2 .9 - 2 2 .5
hDdf -s±v_ - 2 8 3 9 5 .5 - 3 1 8 4 0 .8 - 5 8 2 6 4 .9 - 6 1 3 3 3 .3 - 6 2 0 4 .6 1 0 5 .2 - 8 9 .4
u= ljQLo vftf -;d"x ª afx]s_ 1 8 3 4 0 .2 2 3 0 6 7 .2 2 6 4 0 2 .2 3 1 3 0 1 .9 2 1 6 0 1 .6 4 4 .0 - 1 8 .2
k|ToIf j}b]lzs nufgL cfk|jfx 1620.1 1951.3 1735.0 1856.0 464.7 7.1 -73.2
kf]6{kmf]lnof] nufgL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
cGo nufgL ;DklQ -4033.3 -1583.8 -1791.7 -1406.3 -222.7 -55.6 -87.6
Jofkfl/s ;fv -4037.6 -1588.2 -1810.7 -1425.6 -230.5 -55.2 -87.3
cGo 4.3 4.4 19.0 19.3 7.8 341.6 -59.0
cGo nufgL bfloTj 20753.3 22699.7 26458.8 30852.1 21359.6 27.5 -19.3
Jofkfl/s ;fv 13380.3 11685.3 10707.2 11848.3 12209.1 -20.0 14.0
C0f 7955.9 11405.4 9626.5 11599.0 6774.4 21.0 -29.6
;/sf/ 7005.2 10390.8 7952.4 9260.2 3973.9 13.5 -50.0
C0f k|fKtL 8659.1 12717.6 9649.1 12201.8 7293.8 11.4 -24.4
;fFjf e'QmfgL -1653.8 -2326.9 -1696.7 -2941.6 -3319.8 2.6 95.7
cGo If]q 950.7 1014.7 1674.0 2338.8 2800.5 76.1 67.3
s/]G;L tyf l8kf]lh6 -582.3 -390.4 2499.2 3748.7 2201.8 - -11.9
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 6.4 2.3 -4.4 -4.4 1.6 - -
jfl0fHo a}+s -588.7 -392.6 2503.5 3753.1 2200.2 - -12.1
cGo bfloTj -0.7 -0.7 3626.0 3656.1 174.2 - -95.2
hDdf -s±v±u_ - 1 0 0 5 5 .3 - 8 7 7 3 .6 - 3 1 8 6 2 .7 - 3 0 0 3 1 .4 1 5 3 9 7 .0 2 1 6 .9 -
3= ljljw k"FhL tyf e'nr's 7 9 5 8 .3 8 5 0 5 .9 1 1 0 0 7 .2 1 1 9 1 0 .3 9 8 7 6 .8 3 8 .3 - 1 0 .3
hDdf -s±v±u±3_ - 2 0 9 7 .0 - 2 6 7 .7 - 2 0 8 5 5 .5 - 1 8 1 2 1 .1 2 5 2 7 3 .8 - -
ª= l/he{ tyf ;DalGwt lzif{s 2097.0 267.7 20855.5 18121.1 -25273.8 - -
l/he{ ;DklQ 2097.0 267.7 20855.5 18121.1 -25273.8 - -
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 1303.4 -1888.9 19893.3 18604.3 -25274.0 - -
jfl0fHo a}+s 793.6 2156.6 962.2 -483.2 0.2 21.2 -100.0
cfO{=Pd=Pkm= shf{ pkof]u 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - -
v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQdf kl/jt{g -–j[l4_ 1 5 1 4 .7 - 1 2 2 .7 2 6 9 8 0 .7 2 5 5 2 5 .9 - 2 2 8 9 7 .7 - -
c – ckl/is[t .
 55

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ljb]zzL L ljlgdo ;l~rlt
ljlgdo ;l~rlt
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c;f/ h]7 c;f/ h]7c kl/jt{g -P3f/ dlxgf_
@)&* @)&( @)&( @)*) @)&*÷&( @)&(÷*)
s_ g]kfn /fi6« a}+s -!±@_ 1 2 98 90 . 3 1 1 2 0 94 . 8 114 4 67 . 9 14 15 14 . 1 -13 . 7 23.6
!= ;'g, P;=l8=cf/=, cfOPdPkmdf /x]sf] l/hj{ 5427.0 8905.7 8828.5 9389.2 64.1 6.4
@= ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt 124463.4 103189.1 105639.5 132124.9 -17.1 25.1
kl/jTo{ 92591.9 75125.0 78382.0 99604.8 -18.9 27.1
ckl/jTo{ 31871.4 28064.1 27257.5 32520.1 -11.9 19.3
v_ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf* 1 5 4 3 9. 2 1 4 4 95 . 3 1 5 94 0 . 8 1 5 96 2 . 6 -6.1 0.1
kl/jTo{ 13793.9 13160.2 14456.4 14504.6 -4.6 0.3
ckl/jTo{ 1645.3 1335.1 1484.4 1458.1 -18.9 -1.8
u_ s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt 1 3 990 2 . 5 117 68 4 . 4 12 15 8 0 . 2 14 8 0 8 7 . 5 -15 . 9 2 1. 8
kl/jTo{ 106385.8 88285.3 92838.4 114109.4 -17.0 22.9
s'n ;l~rltdf c+z -k|ltztdf_ 7.6 7.5 7.6 7.7 - -
ckl/jTo{ 33516.7 29399.1 28741.9 33978.1 -12.3 18.2
s'n ;l~rltdf c+z -k|ltztdf_ 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.3 - -
3_ s'n a}b]lzs ;DklQ -s±v_ 1 4 5 3 2 9. 5 1 2 6 5 90 . 1 13 0 4 0 8 . 7 15 7 4 7 6. 7 -12 . 9 20.8
cfoft Ifdtf -dlxgfdf_
s'n ljb]zL ljlgdo ;l~rlt
j:t' 11.2 7.5 7.8 11.2 - -
j:t' tyf ;]jf 10.2 6.7 6.9 9.6 - -
s'n a}b]lzs ;DklQ
j:t' 11.6 8.1 8.4 11.9 - -
j:t' tyf ;]jf 10.6 7.2 7.4 10.2 - -
ª_ j}b]lzs bfloTj 117 67 . 5 1 7 8 92 . 7 1 91 7 2 . 3 2 15 4 8 . 4 52.1 12 . 4
r_ v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQ -3-ª_ 13 3 5 62 . 0 1 0 8 6 97 . 4 1112 3 6. 4 1 3 5 92 8 . 4 -18 . 6 22.2
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5_ v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQdf kl/jt{g -ljlgdo d"Nof+sg ;dfof]hg k"j{_ -7 2 7 .1 2 4864.6 22325.6 - 2 4 6 92 . 0 - -
h_ ljb]zL ljlgdo d"Nof+sg --3f6f_ 604.4 2 116. 1 3200.3 1 7 94 . 3 - -
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em_ v'b j]b]lzs ;DklQdf kl/jt{g --j[l4_ -5+h_ -12 2 . 7 2 6 98 0 . 7 25525.9 - 2 2 8 97 . 7 - -
d;fGtsf] vl/b b/ -k|lt cd]l/sL 8n/_M 119.04 124.56 127.51 131.06
c – ckl/is[t .
*
g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 O{hfhtk|fKt æsÆ, ævÆ / æuÆ ju{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? .
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v'b j}b]lzs ;DklQsf] kl/jt{g c;f/ d;fGtsf] tYofÍnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL lnOPsf] / -–_ lrGxn] j[l4 ePsf] hgfpF5 .
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 56

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ljb]zL d'b|f vl/b÷laqmL
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kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f vl/b÷ laqmL ef?= vl/b
20 78 / 79 20 79/ 8 0
20 78 / 79 20 79/ 8 0
dlxgf vl/b laqmL v'b t/ntf k|jfx÷k|zf]rg vl/b laqmL v'b t/ntf k|jfx÷k|zf]rg
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?= s/f]8df ?= s/f]8df ?= s/f]8df ?= s/f]8df ?= s/f]8df ?= s/f]8df ef? Vl/b ef? Vl/b
s/f]8df s/f]8df s/f]8df s/f]8df s/f]8df s/f]8df laqmL laqmL
;fpg 8.0 957.0 2.1 249.3 6.0 707.8 31.9 4,053.3 - - 31.9 4,053.3 3,125.2 42.0 3,340.2 42.0
ebf} 3.8 450.6 10.1 1,188.4 - 6.3 - 737.8 47.0 5,992.9 - - 47.0 5,992.9 1,176.2 16.0 3,986.6 50.0
c;f]h 25.1 3,003.0 - - 25.1 3,003.0 41.0 5,358.3 - - 41.0 5,358.3 2,669.4 36.0 823.8 10.0
sflQs 16.6 1,986.4 - - 16.6 1,986.4 31.8 4,181.8 - - 31.8 4,181.8 3,144.0 42.0 2,796.7 34.0
d+l;/ 13.9 1,683.7 - - 13.9 1,683.7 59.9 7,849.1 - - 59.9 7,849.1 3,441.9 46.0 3,761.6 46.0
k'; 11.5 1,383.2 - - 11.5 1,383.2 64.1 8,454.2 - - 64.1 8,454.2 2,697.6 36.0 3,805.0 46.0
df3 23.5 2,805.8 - - 23.5 2,805.8 51.3 6,737.9 - - 51.3 6,737.9 3,134.6 42.0 2,619.0 32.0
kmfu'g 32.0 3,882.1 - - 32.0 3,882.1 42.7 5,625.8 - - 42.7 5,625.8 3,774.9 50.0 3,968.7 48.0
r}t 46.1 5,595.1 - - 46.1 5,595.1 57.3 7,528.2 - - 57.3 7,528.2 3,034.7 40.0 3,782.3 46.0
a}zfv 43.7 5,363.9 - - 43.7 5,363.9 47.3 6,194.9 - - 47.3 6,194.9 3,531.2 46.0 2,623.0 32.0
h]7 34.6 4,288.9 - - 34.6 4,288.9 51.3 6,765.2 - - 51.3 6,765.2 3,379.2 43.5 3,630.3 44.0
c;f/ 44.3 5,594.8 - - 44.3 5,594.8 19.1 2,508.5 - - 19.1 2,508.5 4,092.7 52.0 2,135.9 26.0
hDdf 30 3. 1 3 6 , 994 . 4 1 2. 2 1 , 4 3 7. 7 290 . 9 3 5, 556 . 8 54 4 . 7 71 , 250 . 0 - - 54 4 . 7 71 , 250 . 0 3 7, 20 1 . 7 4 91 . 5 3 7, 273 . 1 4 56 . 0
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