‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻪﻠﻟ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫ﺇﻫــﺩﺍﺀ‬

‫ﺇﻟـﻰ ﻜـل ﺍﻟﻘـﺭﺍﺀ ﺘﻬـﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻬﻴـﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻤﺔ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺒﺎﻜﻭﺭﺓ ﺇﻨﺘﺎﺠﻬﺎ ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺒﻭﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﺒﺒﻌﺽ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺼﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﻭﻀﻴﺤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺘﺸﻤل ﺒﻌﺽ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺭﻭﻓﺔ ﺒﺄﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻤﺎﺕ ﻤﺘﻨﻭﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻟﻁﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺫﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻭﺍﻨﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺭﻴﻔﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻴﺘﻤـﻴﺯ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺏ ﺒﺄﻥ ﺇﻋﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺘﻡ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﻁﺔ ﻤﺨﺘﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻥ ﻭﺒﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻟﻬﻡ ﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﺒﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺇﺨـﺭﺍﺝ ﻫـﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺃﻴﺩﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﺃﻨﺠﺯﻩ ﺒﺭﻨﺎﻤﺞ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺘﺩﺍﻤﺔ ﻗﺩ ﺍﺴﺘﻐﺭﻕ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻟﻺﻋﺩﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻹﺨﺭﺍﺝ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻔﻭﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺤﺸﺩﺕ ﻟﻪ ﺨﺒﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻋﺕ ﺃﻥ ﺘﻭﻓﺭ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺨﻁﻭﺓ ﺃﻭﻟﻰ ﻫﺎﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺤﺼﺭ ﻭﺘﺩﻭﻴﻥ ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻥ ﻋﺎﻤﺔ‪..‬‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﻴﺴـﻌﻨﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻨﺭﺠﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺼﺩﻭﺭ ﻫﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺭﻴﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﺭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﻨﺸـﻜﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺒﺫﻟﺕ ﻹﺨﺭﺍﺠﻪ ﻤﻥ ﻗﺒل ﻤﻥ ﻜل ﻤﻥ ﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﺒﺎﻟﺘﻤﻭﻴل‬
‫ﻻ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺒﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺘﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻋـﺩﺍﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﺨﺭﺍﺝ ﺁﻤﻠﻴﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻠﻘﻰ ﻗﺒﻭ ﹰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼـﻴﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺭﺍﻏﺒﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻭﺴﻴﻊ ﻤﺩﺍﺭﻜﻬﻡ ﻭﻤﻌﺭﻓﺘﻬﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﻨﺩﻋـﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻴﻭﻓـﻕ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟـﻨﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺤﻔﻅ ﻤﻭﺍﺭﺩﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﺠﻴﺎل‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻤﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩ‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺍﳌﺸﺠﺮﻱ‬

‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ ‪٢٠٠٢‬‬
 ‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻪﻠﻟ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﺴﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﱐ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺴﺒﺐ ﰲ ﺍﺧﺘﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺻﻨﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳓﺴﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﺮﺍﺽ ﻭ ﺍﺻﺒﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﶈﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻺﺑﻘﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﺑﺒﻴﺌﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﻋﺮﺿﺔ ﳌﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻇﻞ ﺗﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ )ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ( ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻷﺑﻨﺎﺋﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻴﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺘﺎﻉ ﺑﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻷﺑﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺐ ﺳﻮﻑ ﳚﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺘﺎﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺗﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻧﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻻ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﱂ ﳜﻠﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺜﺎ ‪ ....‬ﻓﺴﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﻧﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﺮ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﻞ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺐ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﲟﺎ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﳊﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﳌﻤﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻹﳕﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻸﻣﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
 ‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﻪﻠﻟ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫ﲤﻬﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬
‫)ﻓﻠﻮﺭﺍ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ‪٢٠٠٠‬ﻡ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻧﺸﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ( ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﺣﻮﺍﱄ ‪٢٨١٠‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺎ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ‪ ١٠٠٦‬ﺟﻨﺴﺎ ﻭ ‪ ١٧٣‬ﻓﺼﻴﻠﺔ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻏﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ‬
‫‪ Endemic‬ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﻨﺤﻮ ‪ ٤١٥‬ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫‪ ٢٣٦‬ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ ﻷﳘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﺩﻭﺭﺍ ﻛﺒﲑﺍ ﰲ ﺗﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﳓﺘﺎﺟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺬﺍﺀ ﻭﺃﻋﻼﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺧﺸﺎﺏ ﻭ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺩﻭﺍﺀ ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺎﻍ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺭﺃﻳﻨﺎ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺐ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ‬
‫ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ ﺍﳍﺎﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺌﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺓ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﳛﻮﻱ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱪﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻼ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ﳛﺘﻮﻱ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ٢٠٠‬ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎ ﺑﺮﻳﺎ ﺭﺗﺒﺖ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﺼﺎﺋﻠﻬﺎ ﻫﺠﺎﺋﻴﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻭﺻﻒ ﻣﻮﺟﺰ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﻴﺌﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻪ ﺇﻥ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻟﻸﺥ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺱ‪ /‬ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻮﱄ‬
‫ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﺪﻱ )ﺑﺎﺣﺚ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ( ﺩﻭﺭﺍ ﰲ ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺗﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻠﲔ ﺃﻥ ﳛﻮﺯ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺭﺿﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺬﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺗﻘﺼﲑ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﻋﻦ ﺇﺭﺍﺩﺗﻨﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﻡ‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﳛﲕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻴﺪﺍﺭ‬

‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺪﺍﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ ‪٢٠٠٢‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬
 ‫‪     ‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻐﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﺑﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺥ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻀﺎﺭﻳﺲ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﺑﺘﻀﺎﺭﻳﺲ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻗﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﺧﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫ﲤﺘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺷﻮﺍﻃﺊ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﰊ ﻭﺧﻠﻴﺞ‬
‫ﻋﺪﻥ ﻭﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻃﻮﳍﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪٢٠٠٠‬ﻛﻢ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﰊ )ﺳﻬﻞ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ( ﻭ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﻮﰊ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﰊ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻤﻮﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮ ﺇﱃ ‪٣٠٠‬ﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻄﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ ﻭﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺭﻣﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺯﺑﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻬﺎﻡ‪،‬‬
‫ﺭﺳﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺩﻭﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ ﻭﻭﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﺣﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﱭ‪ ،‬ﻣﻴﻔﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ‪ .‬ﻳﺒﻠﻎ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٤٠‬ﻭ ‪ ٢٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٥٠‬ﻭ‪١٠٠‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﻢ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﻮﺩ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻗﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻧﺒﺎﰐ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ ﺍﻟـ ‪ %٣٠‬ﻭﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻂ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻳﻘﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺛﺮﺓ ﻭﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ ﺗﻼﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻭﺗﺘﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺎﺩﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺷﻮﺭﻯ ‪ ، Avicennia marina‬ﻛﺮﺷﻊ‬
‫‪ ، Aeluropes lagopoides‬ﻋﻼﻝ ‪ ، Halopyrum mucronatum‬ﺩﻻﻕ ‪Suaeda‬‬
‫‪ ، vermiculata‬ﲰﺮ)ﺣﺮﺍﺯ( ‪ ، Acacia tortilis‬ﺳﻠﻢ ‪ ، Acacia ehrenbergiana‬ﺃﺛﻞ‬
‫‪ ، Tamarix aphylla‬ﻗﻀﺐ ‪ ، Cadaba rotundifolia‬ﲦﺎﻡ ‪، Panicum turgidum‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﺧﻢ ‪ ، Odyssea mucronata‬ﻋﺮﻓﺞ ‪.Dipterypium glaucum‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻧﺒﺎﰐ ﺷﺠﲑﻱ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﺴﻬﻞ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻬﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﻮﰊ ﻭﻫﻀﺒﺔ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻋﺪﻥ ﻭ ﲝﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻻﳓﺪﺍﺭ ﻳﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٣٠٠‬ﻭ ‪١٨٠٠‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٤٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻭ ‪٣٠‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٢٠٠‬ﻭ ‪ ٧٠٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﺃﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﺘﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٣٥‬ﻭ ‪ ١٧٥‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ‪ ١٠٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺑﲔ ‪ ٤٣‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻭ ‪ ٣٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ‪ .‬ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺘﻨﻮﻉ ﻧﺒﺎﰐ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻭﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺃﺣﺮﺍﺝ ﻭﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻄﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺑﺮﻉ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺇﺭﻑ ﻭﺣﻮﻑ ﻭﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﱐ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﻬﺗﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﻇﺒﺔ ‪ ، Acacia mellifera‬ﻋﺴﻖ ‪ ، Acacia asak‬ﻗﺮﺽ ‪ ، Acacia etbaica‬ﺣﺮﺍﺯ)ﲰﺮ(‬
‫‪ ،Acacia tortilis‬ﻗﺼﺎﺹ ‪ ، Euphorbia inarticulata‬ﺇﻛﺮﺙ ‪Euphorbia cactus‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺇﺩﻫﻦ ‪ ، Euphorbia schemperi‬ﺭﻫﺾ ‪ ، Ormocarpum yemenense‬ﺇﺫﺧﺮ‬
‫‪ ، Kleinia odora‬ﺣﻞ ‪ ، Indigofera spinosa‬ﻋﺪﻥ ‪ ، Adenium obesum‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﳋﺪﺵ ‪ ،Commiphora spp.‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺣﻂ ‪ ،Grewia spp.‬ﺷﺨﻆ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﺐ ‪Blepharis‬‬
‫‪ ، ciliaris‬ﻋﻨﺸﻂ)ﺫﻓﺮﺍﻥ( ‪ ، Acalypha fruticosa‬ﺣﻠﺺ ‪ ، Cissus rutondifolia‬ﺳﻠﻊ‬
‫‪ ، Cissus quadrangularis‬ﻇﱪ ‪ ، Dobera glabra‬ﺑﻜﻰ ‪ ، Jatropha spinosa‬ﺭﺍﺀ‬
‫‪ ، Aerva javanica‬ﻣﺸﻂ ‪ ، Anogeissus dhofarica‬ﺯﺑﺮﻭﺕ ‪Jatropha dhofarica‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﳛﺔ ‪ ، Ruellia patula‬ﻣﺾ ‪ ، Anisotes trisulcus‬ﻣﻐﺰﺓ ‪Caralluma‬‬
‫‪ ، quadrangula‬ﺻﲑﺏ ‪ ، Justicia flava‬ﺻﻮﺭﺏ ‪ ، Hypostes forskalea‬ﺣﻮﻣﺮ‬
‫‪ ، Cadia purpurea‬ﻋﺮﻋﺮ)ﻓﺮﻭﺵ( ‪ ، Juniperus procera‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻟﻖ ‪، Ficus spp‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺮ ‪ ، Tamarindus indica‬ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻊ ‪ Trichilia emetica‬ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﺗﻐﻄﻲ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ ﺷﺎﺳﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻈﺒﺔ ﻭﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻖ ﻭﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺹ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (٣‬ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﺳﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ ‪١٨٠٠‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٢٥٠‬ﻭ ‪ ٥٠٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﻭﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٢٦‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻭ ‪ ١٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻓﺘﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬

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‫ﺑﲔ ‪٢٠٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﻭ ‪ ٨٠٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﺘﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٣٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻭ ‪ ١٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ‬
‫‪.‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺳﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﲔ ‪٢٥٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﻭ‪٤٥٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٣١‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻭ ‪ ٥‬ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﱃ ‪ ١٠ -‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ‬
‫ﰲ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻒ ‪ ، Acanthus arboreus‬ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺢ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﻜﻬﻠﺐ( ‪ ، Acacia origena‬ﺍﳊﻮﺟﻢ )ﻋﺸﻖ( ‪ ، Rosa abyssinica‬ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺵ ‪Scabiosa‬‬
‫‪ ، columbaria‬ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻱ ‪ ، Micromeria biflora‬ﻗﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ‪Kniphofia‬‬
‫‪ ، somarea‬ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻖ ‪ ، Euphorbia ammak‬ﺍﳊﻮﻣﺮ ‪ ، Cadia purpurea‬ﺍﻟﻌﺜﺮﺏ ‪Rumex‬‬
‫‪ ، nervusus‬ﺣﺸﻴﺶ ﺃﲪﺮ ‪ ، Themeda triandra‬ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ‪ ، Euryops arabica‬ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬
‫‪ ، Psiadia arabica‬ﺯﻋﺘﺮ ‪.Thymus serphyllum‬‬

‫ﻭﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺸﺎﺋﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺠﲑﺍﺕ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﺠﻤﻟﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺳﺒﻴﻊ ‪ ، Gomphocarpus fruticosa‬ﺷﺨﻆ‬
‫‪ ، Barleria proxima‬ﺣﻠﻘﺔ ‪ ، Cyphostemma digitata‬ﺷﻘﺐ ‪Leucus glabrata‬‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺟﻌﺪﺓ ‪ ، Teucrium yemense‬ﴰﺮ ‪ ، Ferula communis‬ﺷﻮﻙ ﺑﻮﺭﺓ ‪Echinops‬‬
‫‪ ، spinosissimus‬ﻣﻌﻨﻘﺔ ‪ ، Osteospermum vaillantii‬ﻳﺎﲰﲔ ‪Jasminum‬‬
‫‪ ، grandiflorum‬ﻋﻮﺩ ﺣﻠﺒﺔ ‪ ، Dianthus uniflorus‬ﺭﻣﺎﺡ ‪.Polygala senensis‬‬

‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺳﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻓﺘﺴﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻐﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺸﺎﺋﺶ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺠﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺰﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﻬﺗﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺮﻣﻞ ‪ ، Peganum harmala‬ﻃﻠﺢ ‪ ، Acacia origena‬ﻭﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻭﺣﺸﺎﺋﺶ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﻃﻔﻠﻮﻕ ‪ ، Kleinia semperviva‬ﻋﻮﺳﺞ ‪Lycium‬‬
‫‪ ، shawii‬ﺟﺜﺠﺎﺙ ‪ ، Pulicaria undulata‬ﻃﻠﺐ ‪ ، Sonchus oleraceus‬ﻧﻘﻢ )ﻋﺮﺻﻢ(‬
‫‪ ، Solanum incanum‬ﺭﻓﺮﻑ ‪ ، Commicarpus helenae‬ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳊﺸﺎﺋﺶ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (٤‬ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﺟﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﺤﺪﺭ ﺗﺪﺭﳚﻴﺎ ﳓﻮ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺑﲔ ‪ ١٢٠٠‬ﻭ ‪١٨٠٠‬ﻡ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٥٠‬ﻭ ‪١٣٥‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪٥٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﲡﺎﻩ‬

‫‪٥‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﺥ ﺻﺤﺮﺍﻭﻱ ﻋﺎﱄ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺣﺸﺎﺋﺶ ﻭﺷﺠﲑﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺗﺴﻮﺩﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﺣﻄﺔ ‪ ، Lavandula pubescens‬ﻋﺮﻓﻂ ‪ ، Acacia oerfota‬ﻗﺮﺽ ‪، Acacia etbaica‬‬
‫ﺷﺮﻓﺚ ‪ Euphorbia balsamifera‬ﻭﺣﺸﺎﺋﺶ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ‪ :‬ﺧﺎﺭﻃﺔ ‪ ، Gnidia somaliense‬ﺣﺮﻣﻞ ‪Peganum‬‬
‫‪ ، harmala‬ﺷﺮﻭﺭ ‪ ، Euphorbia fruticosa‬ﺷﺨﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ‪ ، Seddera arabica‬ﺷﻜﻌﺔ‬
‫‪ ، Fagonia indica‬ﻟﻴﻔﺔ ‪ ، Helichrysum pumilum‬ﺇﻗﻠﻴﺖ ‪Andrachne aspera‬‬
‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (٥‬ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ‪ :‬ﻭﲤﺘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻴﻤﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﺨﻔﺾ ﺗﺪﺭﳚﻴﺎ ﻣﻦ ‪١٠٠٠‬ﻡ ﺑﺎﲡﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻲ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪٥٠٠‬ﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﺎﻓﺔ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‪ .‬ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٤٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻭ‪ ٣٠‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻭ ‪ ٧٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺟﺪﺍ ﻭﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﰐ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺣﺸﺎﺋﺶ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻓﺒﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﲰﺮ )ﺣﺮﺍﺯ( ‪Acacia‬‬
‫‪ ، tortilis‬ﺭﺍﺀ‪ ، Aerva javanica‬ﻋﺮﻓﺞ ‪ ، Dipterygium glaucum‬ﲦﺎﻡ ‪Panicum‬‬
‫‪ ، turgidum‬ﺛﺮﻣﻞ ‪ ، Suaeda aegyptiaca‬ﻏﺴﻞ ‪ ، Salsola imbricata‬ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫‪ ، Calotropis procera‬ﺣﺮ ِﻣﻞ ‪. Rhazia stricta‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻧﺒﺘﺎﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ ‪ :‬ﺣﻞ ‪ ، Indigofera spinosa‬ﺑﻜﻰ ‪Jatropha‬‬
‫‪ ، spinosa‬ﻏﻠﻘﺔ ‪ ، Pergularia tomentosa‬ﻋﺮﻓﻂ ‪ ، Acacia oerfota‬ﺭﺍﺀ ‪Aerva‬‬
‫‪ ، javanica‬ﻣﺮﺥ ‪ ، Leptadenia pyrotechnica‬ﺭﳛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ‪ ، Salvia merjamie‬ﺃﺛﻞ‬
‫‪ ، Tamarix arabica‬ﺻﺪﺍﻉ ‪ ، Desmostachya bipinnata‬ﺷﻌﺎﺭﺓ ‪Aristida‬‬
‫‪ ، adscensionis‬ﺧﻨﺎﻕ ‪.Pennisetum setaceum‬‬

‫)‪ (٦‬ﺍﳉﺰﺭ ‪ :‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻬﺎ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺻﻔﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻭ‪١٥٠٦‬ﻣﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺑﲔ ‪٣٧‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻭ‪ ٢٩‬ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳﺔ ﺷﺘﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ ٣٣‬ﻭ ‪ ٢٩٠‬ﻣﻠﻢ‪ .‬ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ‬

‫‪٦‬‬
‫ﺃﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺑﻐﻄﺎﺀ ﻧﺒﺎﰐ ﻓﺮﻳﺪ ﻭ ﳛﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٨٠٠‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ ٢٣٦‬ﻻ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺧﺒﻴﻞ ﻭ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﰎ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﻭﱂ ﺗﺼﻨﻒ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺭ ‪ ، Croton socotranus‬ﺍﻟﺴﱪﺓ ‪، Jatropha unicostata‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺤﲔ ‪ ، Dendrosicyos socotrana‬ﺩﻡ ﺍﻷﺧﻮﻳﻦ )ﻋﺮﻫﻴﺐ( ‪، Dracaena cinnabari‬‬
‫ﺇﻣﻄﻬﺎ ‪ ، Euphorbia arbuscula‬ﺯﻭﺭﻑ‪ ، Rhus thyrsiflora‬ﺇﺳﻔﺪ)ﺗﺮﳝﻮ( ‪Adenium‬‬
‫‪ ، obesum ssp. sokotranum‬ﻃﻴﻒ ‪ ، Aloe perryi‬ﻋﻄﺮﻫﻦ ‪Cissus‬‬
‫‪ hamaderohensis‬ﻭﺗﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻬﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻮﻳﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﻮﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻨﻮﻩ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺭﺉ ﰲ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﻟﻮﻝ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻃﻦ ‪ :‬ﻭ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻨﻴﺔ ﲟﺎ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﳉﺰﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺸﺒﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﳉﺬﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻭ ﺗﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﺃﻃﻮﺍﳍﺎ ‪ ٥‬ﺃﻣﺘﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺠﲑﺍﺕ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺸﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳊﺸﺎﺋﺶ ﺍﳊﻮﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﻤﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻟﻠﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻻ ﻳﻌﲏ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺁﺧﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪٧‬‬
 ‫‪ACANTHACEAE‬‬

‫ﻣﻀﻴ ‪Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.)Nees.‬‬ ‫ﻣ‬

‫‪Acanthus arboreus Forssk.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺿﻔﺎﻑ ﺍﻷﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺇﺏ ﻭ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺣﺠﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﻕ ﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺰﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﻋﺘـﻖ ﻭﺷﺒﻮﺓ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻛﺄﻋﻼﻑ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Ballochia atro-virgata Balf.f.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻴ‬ ‫‪Barleria bispinosa (Forssk.)Vahl.‬‬ ‫ﺨ‬

‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳـﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻓﻘــﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻻﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬
‫)ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ(‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌــﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟـﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺑﲔ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪٨‬‬
 ‫‪ACANTHACEAE‬‬

‫‪Barleria proxima Lind.‬‬ ‫ﺨ‬ ‫‪Blepharis ciliaris (L.)B.L.Burtt.‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴــﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻴ ﻮ ﺍﻟﻀ‬ ‫ﺨ ﺍﻟ ﻠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ‪ ،‬ﳊﺞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﺻﻌﺪﺓ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺷﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺍﺳـﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺩﺍﻉ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Blepharis spiculifolia Balf.f.‬‬ ‫‪Ecbolium viride (Forssk.)Alston.‬‬

‫ﻬﻴﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻴﺸﻴﺘ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺼﻴ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣـﺔ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﻫﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﳊﻘـﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺍﺑﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٩‬‬
 ‫‪ACANTHACEAE‬‬

‫‪Chorisochorra minor Balf.f.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸ ﺮﺭ‬ ‫‪Crossandra johannineae Fiori.‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﻋﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﺍﺵ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﱴ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄــﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋـﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪Hypoestes forskalei (Vahl)Sol. ex Roem.‬‬ ‫‪Ruellia patula Jacq.‬‬

‫‪& Schult.‬‬ ‫ﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ ﺭ ﺃﻗﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﳛﺔ ﻗﺼﻴ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤـﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻭﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﺴﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺑﻴﻀﺎ )ﻋﺴﻞ ﺻﻮﺭﰊ(‪.‬‬

‫‪١٠‬‬
 ‫‪ACANTHACEAE‬‬

‫‪Trichocalyx obovatus Balf.f.‬‬ ‫‪Actiniopteris semiflabellata Pic-Ser.‬‬

‫)‪(Acanthaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﺣ ﺔ ﺳﺮﺑ ) ﺳﻘﻄﺮ ( )‪(Actinopteridaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳــﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺧ ﺇﺑﺮﻱ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺷﻘـﻮﻕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺳﻔـﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪Adiantum capillus-veneris L.‬‬ ‫‪Sansevieria forskaliana (Schult.)Hepper‬‬

‫)‪(Adiantaceae‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻌﺮ ﺍﻟ‬ ‫)‪& Wood.(Agavaceae‬‬ ‫ﺮ ﻣﻘ ﺩﻧ‬
‫ﻧﺒـﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﺧﺴﻲ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻘﻮﻕ ﺻﺨﻮﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺗﻌﺰ‪ ،‬ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪ ،‬ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪١١‬‬
 ‫‪ACANTHACEAE‬‬

‫)‪Dracaena serrulata Baker. (Agavaceae‬‬ ‫)‪Dracaena cinnabari Balf.(Agavaceae‬‬

‫ﺧﻮ ﻋﺮﺍ ﻋ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴﻴﻠﺔ ﺩﻡ ﺍ ﺧﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺮ ﻴ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﳍﺎ ﺟﺬﻉ ﺗﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﳍﺎ ﺟﺬﻉ ﺗﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺝ ﻣﻄﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻹﳓﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﳉﺮﻭﻑ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﳚﺔ )ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻳﺔ(‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ(‪ .‬ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺗﻨﺞ ﺍﻷﲪﺮ‬
‫ﺣـﻮﺙ ‪ ،‬ﺟﺒﻞ ﺑﺮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺷﻬﺎﺭﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﻓﻊ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﻬﺮﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺬﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺧﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻝ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺟﺬﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻼﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ ﺃﻟﻴﺎﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺪﺭﺍ ﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ﻹﻳﻘﺎﻑ ﺍﻟ ﻳﻒ ﻭﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﳌﻐــﺺ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻝ ﻭﺃﻭﺍﱐ ﺳﻌﻔﻴﺔ )ﻋﺰﻓﻴﺔ( ﳊﻔﻆ ﺍﳋﺒﺰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺗﻨﺞ ﻋﺎﳌﻴﺎ ﻛﺼﺒﻐﺔ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﻥ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Corbichonia decumbens (Forssk.‬‬ ‫)‪Aloe inermis Forssk.(Aloeaceae‬‬

‫)‪Jack. ex Exell. (Aizoaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺎﻓﺔ ﰲ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻏـﺮﺏ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺷﺒـﻮﺓ ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﻼ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺸﺔ ﻭﻭﺻﺎﺏ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻘﻞ )ﺣﻮ (‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻠ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻪ ﺑـﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﺷﻮﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺭﺩﺍﻉ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣـﻮﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻬﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﳉﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٢‬‬
 ‫‪ALOEACEAE‬‬

‫‪Aloe perryi Baker.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫‪Aloe sabaea Schweinf.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺒ‬

‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼـﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﻘﺼـﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ(‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﻕ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺰﻳــﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻳﺘﻮﺍﺟـﺪ ﰲ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌـﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﳉـﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻭﻏﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﲪﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭ ﴰﺎﻝ ﻏـﺮﺏ ﻋﺪﻥ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﱪ ﺍﳌﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻃﺒﻴـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄــﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺳﺎﺧﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺼﺪﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻣﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺀ ﺍﻷﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﻭﺍﻷﻳﺪﻱ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻼﺟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫‪Aloe squarrosa Baker.‬‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫‪Aloe tomentosa Deflers.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺧﺮ‬

‫ﻧﺒـﺎﺕ ﺻﺒﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪ ،‬ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺗﻐﻄﻴـﻪ ﺍﻟﺰﻏﺐ‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻊ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﳍﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺮ ﻭﺻﻨﻌـﺎﺀ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻨ ﺷﻌﻴﺐ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٣‬‬
 ‫‪ALOEACEAE‬‬
‫ﺒﺎﺭ)‪Aloe vacillans Forssk (Aloeaceae‬‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺏ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺻﻨﻌـﺎﺀ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺭ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﻴـﻮﻥ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺒﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﻄﻰ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﺪ ﲡﻔﻴﻔﻪ ﻭﺩﻗﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‪.‬‬
‫‪Aerva javanica (Borm.f.) Juss. ex Schult.‬‬
‫)‪(Amaranthaceae‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺀ ﺭﻳﻦ ﺭﻭﺍ ﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤـﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻩ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺵ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴﺎ ﰲ ﺣﺸـﻮ ﺍﳉﺮﻭﺡ ﻟﻌﻼﺟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﻋـﺰ ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺃﺧﻀﺮ‪ ،‬ﳚﻤﻊ ﻗﻠﻴﻼﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ‪.‬‬
‫‪١٤‬‬
‫‪Achyranthes aspera L.‬‬
‫ﺸﺪ ﻋﻘﻴﺲ ﻋﺎﻗ )‪(Amaranthaceae‬‬ ‫ﳏﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻗﺮﺏ ﻗﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻌــﺰ ﻭﻏﺮﺏ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﻳﺎﻓﻊ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻃ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Aerva microphylla Moq. var. humilis‬‬
‫)‪Vierh. (Amaranthaceae‬‬ ‫ﻗﻨﻬ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻭﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﻠﺴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪ALOEACEAE‬‬

‫‪Aerva revoluta Balf.f.‬‬ ‫‪Alternanthera pungens Kunth.‬‬

‫)‪(Amaranthaceae‬‬ ‫)‪(Amaranthaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﺯﺍﺣﻒ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻠﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻣﻠ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻣﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﺰﻏﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺰﻭ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‪،‬‬
‫ﺷﻮﻫﺪﺕ ﰲ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺭ‪.‬‬

‫‪Crinum album (Forssk.)Herb.‬‬ ‫‪Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn)Raf.‬‬

‫)‪(Amarylidaceae‬‬ ‫ﺭ ﺍﳊﻨ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫)‪(Amarylidaceae‬‬ ‫ﺭﻉ ﺍﳊﻨ ﺑﺼﻞ ﺍﳊﻨ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺼﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﻃـﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﺰﻫﺮ ﺻﻴﻔﺎ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻗﺮﺏ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﻑ ﻭﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﻏﺮﺏ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺏ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴﻠﺢ ﻭﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻇﻬﺮ ﻭﺍﳊﺪﺍ ﻭﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺷﺮﺱ)ﺣﺠﺔ( ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‬

‫‪١٥‬‬
 ‫‪ALOEACEAE‬‬

‫‪Rhus flexicaulis Bak.‬‬ ‫‪Rhus thyrsiflora Balf.f.‬‬

‫)‪(Anacardiaceae‬‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻠ‬ ‫)‪(Anacardiaceae‬‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺯﻏﺐ ﻛﺜﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﺒـﻞ ﺇﺭﻑ ﻭﻣﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺳﻘﻮﻑ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻝ‬
‫)ﺃﺑﲔ( ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Ferula communis L. (Umbelliferae‬‬ ‫‪Foeniculum vulgare Mell.‬‬

‫ﺮ ﺎﺭ‬ ‫)‪(Umbelliferae‬‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﺫﻭ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺯﻛﻴﺔ ﻣ ﺭﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻭﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴـﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﳍﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﱪ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺣﺒﺸﻲ ﻭﺟﺒـﻞ ﺳﻮﺭﻕ ﻭﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﺏ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪١٦‬‬
 ‫‪APOCYNACEAE‬‬

‫)‪Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae‬‬ ‫‪Acokanthera schimperi (A.DC.)Oliv.‬‬

‫ﻋ ﺧﺮﺑ ﺳﻔﺮ ﻞ‬ ‫ﲤﺞ ﺇﺭﻣﻴ ﺇﻣﺮﻳ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺗﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳـﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﻑ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻣﻮﻧﺔ )ﻏﺮﺏ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ(‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺑﻨـﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻑ‪ ،‬ﺣﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﳊﺞ‪ .‬ﺗ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﻡ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻐﻀــﺔ ‪ ،‬ﰲ‬
‫ﺇﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ ﻠﻂ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﻠﺼﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺸﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻋﺼـﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﺒﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻟﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺢ ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﺗﺪﻫﻦ ﻬﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﺎﻡ‪.‬‬

‫& ‪Adenium obesum (Forssk.)Roem.‬‬ ‫& ‪Adenium obesum (Forssk.)Roem.‬‬

‫ﻋﺪ ﺩﺑﻴ ﺍﻟﻀﺒ ﺣﺒﻌ ﺎ ﻌﺔ ﻋﺼﻔﻴﺪ)ﺣﻮ ( ‪Schult.‬‬ ‫‪Schult. ssp. sokotranum Vierh. Lav.‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻬﺗﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﻔﺨﺔ ﻣﻠﺴﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻔﺪ ﺗﺮ ﻮ‬
‫ﻏﺮﺑﺎ ﺣﱴ ﺍﳌﻬﺮﺓ ﺷﺮﻗﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳛﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺍﳌﻨﺘﻔ ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﻟﻴﻠﺘﺌﻢ ﻭﻳﺘﺼﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺴﺘﺨـﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﻻ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻔﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ ﻟﺴﻘﻲ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﺷﻌﺒﻴـﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﳉﺮﻭﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﺡ ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺤـﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻖ ﻭﺣﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺎﺡ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٧‬‬
 ‫‪APOCYNACEAE‬‬

‫‪Hyphaene‬‬ ‫‪thebaica‬‬ ‫‪(Del.)Mart.‬‬ ‫‪Aristolochia bracteolate Lam.‬‬

‫)‪(Arecaceae‬‬ ‫ﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫)‪(Aristolochiaceae‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻋﻴﺔ ﻻﻋﻴﺔ ﺎ ﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﺮﻭﺣﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺯﺍﺣﻒ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻛﺒﺴﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺬﻭﻉ ﻋﺼﲑﺍ ﻳﺸﺮﺏ ﻃﺎﺯﺟﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳋﻞ ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻌﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﻳﺎﻓﻊ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﳊﺞ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ‬
‫ﻋﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻓﺎﻋﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪Caralluma cicatricosa (Defl.)N.E.Br.‬‬ ‫‪Caralluma deflersiana Laver.‬‬

‫)‪(Asclepiadaceae‬‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻈﻬﺮﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﺍﳌﻐـﺰﺓ ‪، Caralluma quadrrangula‬‬
‫ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻩ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ) ﺟﺒﻞ ﻣﻠﺤﺎﻥ ( ﻭﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﻣﻌﱪ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺧﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﺋ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(Asclepiadaceae‬‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻴﻮ ﻪ ﺍ ﺒ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻮ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴــﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺭ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﺁﻻﻡ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٨‬‬
 ‫‪ASCLEPIADACEAE‬‬

‫‪Caralluma penicellata (Defl.)N.E.Br.‬‬ ‫‪Caralluma plicatiloba Lavr.‬‬

‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻀﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻊ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺔ ﺑﺸﻌﲑﺍﺕ ﺑﻨﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺗﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻳﺮ ﻭ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺩﻣﺖ‬
‫ﳍﺎ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻔﻦ‪.‬‬

‫‪Caralluma quadrrangula‬‬ ‫‪Caralluma wissmanii O.Schwart.‬‬

‫‪(Forssk.)N.E.Br.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻘ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﺰ‬ ‫ﺴﻤ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﺠـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﻭﺣﺮﺍﺯ‪ .‬ﻳ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺎ ﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﺁﻻﻡ ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪١٩‬‬
 ‫‪ASCLEPIADACEAE‬‬

‫‪Ceropegia rupiola Deflers‬‬ ‫‪Curroria macrophylla A.R.Smith.‬‬

‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣ ﻠﻞ ﺍ ﻤﺎﻟﻴﺸﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻮﺑﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺻـﱪ ﻭﻫﺠﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟـﺪﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﰐ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻭﻋﺒﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻳﻔﻮﻉ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺻﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﻓﻞ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﻣﻠﺤﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﻨـﺎﺧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺭﻱ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ(‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﻭﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﶈﻮﻳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻨ ‪Kanahia laniflora (Forssk.)R.Br.‬‬ ‫‪Mitolepis intricata Balf.f.‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤــﻮ ﰲ ﻗﻴﻌﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺤﻦ ﻴﺴﻮ ﻌﻠﻬﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳــﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﲔ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ(‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٠‬‬
 ‫‪ASCLEPIADACEAE‬‬

‫‪Pergularia tomentosa L.‬‬ ‫ﻠﻘﺔ ﺎﺑﻴ‬ ‫‪Periploca aphylla Decne.‬‬

‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺭﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﻳﻔﺮﺯ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﺒﻨﻴـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﻭﺭﺩﻱ ﻏﺎﻣـﻖ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺸﻌﲑﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗـﺎﺕ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﺳـﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﻓﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳍﻀﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺖ ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸـﺎﺭ ﺑﲔ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘــﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬــﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﱴ ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻓﺌﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺩﻣﺖ ﻭﺣﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ﰲ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻔﻴﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﻈﺎﺋﺮ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻄﺤﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻛﻨﺸﻮﻕ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﻠﻄﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﻎ‪.‬‬

‫‪Rhytidocaulon macrolobum Lavr.‬‬ ‫‪Sarcostemma viminale (L.)R.Br.‬‬

‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‪ .‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺎﺳﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻄـﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺩ ﺭﻳﺪ ﺍﻟ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﺃﺻﻔﺮ ﻣﺒﻴـﺾ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﻄﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ ﺑﲏ ﻏﺎﻣـﻖ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀــﺎﺀ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻣﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺸﻌﲑﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒـﺎﺕ ﻧﺎﺩﺭ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃــﻖ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﺭﺩﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﺏ ﻭﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺭ ﻭﺩﻣﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺩﻣﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺟﻴﺪﺓ ﰲ ﻭﻗﻒ ﺯﺣﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢١‬‬
 ‫)‪ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE‬‬
‫‪Calendula arvensis L.‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﺯﺍﺣﻒ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺮﺓ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺍﳋﺎﰎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴــﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺧﺔ ﻭﺷﻬﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺭﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎﻉ ﺟﻬﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﻛﺤﻼﻥ ﻋﻔﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪Centaurothamnus maximus (Forssk.‬‬
‫‪Wagen. & Dittr.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎ ﺳﻨﻴﺎﻡ ﺒ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺍﳉﻨ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺯﻏﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺳﻄﺤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ ﺍﺧﻀﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺯﻏﺐ ﺍﺑﻴﺾ‬
‫ﺗﻨـﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺧﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺣﺒـﺎﺏ‬
‫)ﻏﺮﺏ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ( ﻭﺭﺩﺍﻉ ‪.‬‬
‫‪٢٢‬‬
‫‪Centaurea pseudosinaica Czerep. subsp.‬‬
‫‪niebuhrii Wagenitz.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺎ ﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﻻﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﺻﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﻳﺮ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﻳﺴﻠﺢ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ‪ ،‬ﳚﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪Echinops spinosissimus Turra.‬‬
‫ﻮ ﺑﻮﺭ ﺮﺩﺍ ﺧﺸ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﻛﺮﻭﻳﺔ ﺎﻃـﺔ ﺑﻘﻨﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺗﻌــﺰ ﻭﺷﺒﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﻑ ﻭﳊﺞ ‪ .‬ﲡﻤـﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‪.‬‬
 ‫)‪ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE‬‬
‫‪Euryops arabicus Steud.‬‬ ‫ﺠﺮ ﺍﻟ ﻨﺲ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣـﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺷﺮﻳﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳍﻀﺎﺏ ﰲ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭﺫﻣـﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭﺷﺒﻮﺓ ﻭﺧﻮﻻﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Helichrysum paulayanum Vierh.‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﻭﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫‪٢٣‬‬
‫‪Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.)Mohr.‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﳊﻤ‬ ‫ﺮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴـﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭ ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺻﻨﻌـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺭ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﻧﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪Helichrysum rosulatum Oliv.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤــﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺇﻫﻠﻴﻠﺠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻠﺴﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬
 ‫)‪ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE‬‬

‫‪Kleinia odora (Forssk.)A.Berger‬‬ ‫‪Onopordon arabicum Podl.‬‬

‫ﺇ ﺧﺮ ﺧ ﻌﺮ ﻗﻬﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﳍﺎ ﺛﻼﺙ‬
‫ﺧﻄﻮ ﻣﺘﺸﻌﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌـﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﳍﻀﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﻏـﲑ ﺭﻋﻮﻱ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺎﻋـﺰ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﻋﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﰲ ﻣـﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔـﺎﻑ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻮ ﺍﳊﻨ ﺑﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺠﻴﺔ ﺑﺸــﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﺮﺍﺱ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﻳﺎﻓﻊ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Osteospermum vaillantii (Decne.‬‬ ‫‪Psiadia punctulata (DC.)Vatke‬‬ ‫ﺘ‬

‫‪Norl.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﺷﺮﻳﻄﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻄﺎﻭﻟــﺔ ﻻﺻﻘﺔ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻏﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻻﻣﻌﺔ ﳎﻨﺤﺔ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳــﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺣﺠــﺔ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ‪ ،‬ﳍـﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﺻﱪ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺧﺔ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭﺟﺪ‬
‫ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﰲ ﲡﺒﲑ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪.‬‬
‫‪٢٤‬‬
 ‫)‪ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE‬‬
‫‪Pulicaria undulata (L.)C.A.Mey.‬‬
‫ﺠﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠــﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭ ﺍﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭﻟﻮﺩﺭ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻏﻀﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪Pulicaria lanata Gamal-Eldin.‬‬
‫ﻮﺣﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻐﻄﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺸﻌﲑﺍﺕ ﺻﻮﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪٢٥‬‬
‫‪Pulicaria jaubertii Gamal-Eldin.‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺼﻴ ﻣﺸﻤﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺎ ﻛﻤﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﻭﻕ‪.‬‬
‫‪Tagetes minuta L.‬‬ ‫ﻧﺮ ﺲ ﺑﺮﻱ ﻘﺮ ﺍﳊﻤ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻋﻄﺮﻱ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺭﻳﺸﻴﺔ ﺷﺮﻳﻄﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻐﺰﻭ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒـﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
 ‫)‪ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE‬‬
‫)‪Xanthium spinosum L.(Asteraceae‬‬
‫ﻮ ﺗﺮ ﺣﺴ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺷﻮﻛﻲ ﺣﻮﱄ ﺗﻮﺟـﺪ ﺃﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﺣﺎﺩﺓ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄــﺮﻕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔـﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﻜﲑﺍﺱ ﻭﻳﺎﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﳚﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺳﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳍﻴﺪﺭﻭﻛﻴﺘﻮﻥ‬
‫‪Begonia socotrana Hook.f.‬‬
‫)‪(Begoniaceae‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴ ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻛﺴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺠﻬﺮ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ( ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺷﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪٢٦‬‬
‫‪Avicennia marina (Forssk.)Vierh.‬‬
‫)‪(Avicenniaceae‬‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻃﺊ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺑﺌﺮ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﳜﺘــﻞ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻛﻤﺮﺍﻥ ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﳍﺎ ﺩﻭﺭ ﰲ ﲪﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﻃﺊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫)‪Adansonia digitata L. (Bombaceae‬‬
‫ﺠﺮ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻳ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺿﺨﻤﺔ ﺷﻮﻫﺪﺕ ﻓﻘﻂ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺩﺑﻊ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺣﺠﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺭﳝﺔ ‪.‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻈﻞ ﻭﺣﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻐﺬﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﳍﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪BORAGINACEAE‬‬

‫‪Alkanna orientalis (L.)Boiss.‬‬ ‫‪Arnebia hispidissima (Lehm.)DC.‬‬

‫ﻟﺒﻴﺪ ﻋﺰﻭﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻴﺪ ﺣﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﺒ ﺳ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻟﺒﻌﻮﺱ )ﻳﺎﻓﻊ( ﻭﻳﺮ ﻭﺳﻨﻔﺎﻥ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺭﻳﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻳﺮﻋﻰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻣﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﺸﻌﲑﺍﺕ ﺧﺸﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻳﺮ ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﺿﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ‬
‫ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪Cordia africana Lam.‬‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫‪Trichodesma microcalyx Balf.f.‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ ﺣﻮﺭﺭ ﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟـﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ(‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺨﺸﺐ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺃﻗﻔﺎﻝ )ﻣﺼﺎﺭﻉ‪ ،‬ﻣﺰﺍ (‬
‫ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﶈﺮﺍﺙ ﺍﻟﺒﻠــﺪﻱ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻋـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﺰﻏﺐ ﻛﺜﻴﻒ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﺶ ﻭﺃﻏﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﳉﻨﺎ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﻋـﺔ ﻓﻨﺎﺟﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﺑﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔ ﻭﺱ ﻭﺃﻭﺍﱐ ﺍﻷﻛﻞ ﻭﺳﺮﺝ ﺍﳊﻤﲑ ﻭﺍﳋﻴﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤــﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻛﻈﻞ ﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﱭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺄﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪ ،‬ﻫﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺤﻞ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺰﻭﺭﻩ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺣﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻖ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٧‬‬
 ‫‪BORAGINACEAE‬‬

‫‪Diplotaxis erucoides L.DC.‬‬ ‫)‪Commiphora habessinica (O.Berg.‬‬

‫ﺣﻠﻘ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ )‪(Brassicaceae‬‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺩﻝ ﺣﻠﻘ‬ ‫ﺧﺪ ﻋﻮﻗﺮ)ﺣﻮ ( )‪Engl. (Burseraceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻣﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٣‬ﺇﱃ ‪ ٤‬ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻗﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟـﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺛﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﻌﱪ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭ ﺷﺒﻮﺓ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ .‬ﺗﺪﺧـﻞ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋـﺔ‬
‫ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺛـﺔ )ﺍﳌﻀﻤـﺪ( ﳋﻔﺘـﻪ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳌـﺪﻕ )ﺍﳌﻠﻜـﺪ(‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪.‬‬

‫‪Buxanthus pedicellatus van Tiegh.‬‬ ‫‪Caesalpinia bonduc (L.)Roxb.‬‬

‫)‪(Buxaceae‬‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻬﻦ ﻣﻘﻬﻦ‬ ‫)‪(Caesalpiniaceae‬‬ ‫ﺣﻮ ﻢ ﻠ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﺪﺧﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻳﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٦‬ﺇﱃ ‪ ٩‬ﺃﺯﻭﺍﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺗﻌﺘﱪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻐﻄﺎﺓ ﺑﺄﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﻛﺜﻴﻔﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻣﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﻋـﺪﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﻭ‬
‫ﻭﺻﺎﺏ ﻭﺭﳝﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺴﻴﺎﺝ ﻣﺸﻮﻛﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٨‬‬
 ‫‪CAPPARIDACEAE‬‬
‫‪Campanula edulis Forssk.‬‬
‫)‪(Campanulacea‬‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺰ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎ ﻋﺴ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺻﱪ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪Capparis cartilaginea Decne.‬‬
‫ﺣﺼﻠ‬ ‫ﻟﺼ ﻟﻮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻣﺘﺪﻟﻴـﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻻﳓﺪﺍﺭ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺪﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻣﺜــﻞ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﻏﺮﺏ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺭﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﻋﺪﻥ ﻭﳊـﺞ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻋـﺰ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻤــﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﳍﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﰲ ﻋـﻼﺝ ﺃﻣﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻃـﺎﻥ‬
‫)ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ( ﻭﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﺗﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﻧﻒ )ﺍﳉﺬﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ(‬
‫‪Cadaba farinosa Forssk.‬‬
‫ﺃﺧﻦ ﺮﺩ ﻗﺮ ﺣﺮ ﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺪﻥ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﻑ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋـﻰ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒـﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺑﻌـﺾ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺳﺎﻣﺎ ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻛﺨﺸﺐ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﳊﻈﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻗﺪﳝﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﻴـﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Dipterygium glaucum Decne.‬‬
‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺮ ﺞ ﻋﻠﻘﺔ ﺣﻠﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﻕ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻗﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺄﺭﺏ ﻭﺍﳉﻮﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺐ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ .‬ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻫـﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺤﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪٢٩‬‬
 ‫‪CAPPARIDACEAE‬‬
‫‪Maerua oblongifolia(Forssk.)A.Rich.‬‬
‫)‪(Capparidaceae‬‬ ‫ﺰ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻘﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺯﺍﺣﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺮﺓ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺘﻠـﺔ ﳊﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺷﻮﻫﺪﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺭﺩﺍﻉ ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺄﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪Dianthus uniflorus Forssk.‬‬
‫)‪(Caryophyllaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺩ ﺣﻠﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﻧﻔﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺷﺮﻳﻄﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﳉﺬﻭﺭ ﺷﻌﺒﻴــﺎ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻏـﻮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪٣٠‬‬
‫‪Cometes abyssinica (R.Br.) Wallich.‬‬
‫)‪(Caryophyllaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺩ ﺣﻠﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﻳﺎﻓﻊ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﻋﺪﻥ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭﺻﻨﻌــﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﳉﺬﻭﺭ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﺒﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪Haya obovata Balf.f.‬‬
‫)‪(Caryophyllaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺯﺍﺣﻒ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﻭﻳﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﳎﺎﻣﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ‪ ٣‬ﺇﱃ ‪ ،٥‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪CAPPARIDACEAE‬‬

‫‪Cleome angustifolia Forssk.‬‬ ‫‪Cleome paradoxa R.Sr. ex DC.‬‬

‫)‪(Cleomaceae‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴ ﺍﳊﻤ‬ ‫)‪(Cleomaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﻥ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﻋﺪﻥ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﻃﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺐ‪.‬‬

‫‪Combretum molle R.Br. ex D. Don.‬‬ ‫‪Conocarpus lancifolius Engl.‬‬

‫)‪(Combretaceae‬‬ ‫ﺮﻭ ﻋﺼﻢ ﻋﺴﻢ‬
‫)‪(Combretaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻳ ﺩﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﻠ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻗﻄﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔـﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺭ ﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻔﺎﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜــﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺑﺮﻉ ﻭﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻣﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺰﺭﻉ‪ .‬ﺗﻮﺟـﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﺨـﺎ ﻭﻋـﺪﻥ‬
‫)ﻏﺮﺏ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ(‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫـــﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫــﺎ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ .‬ﻧﺒـﺎﺕ ﺭﻋﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﻨـﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﺻﻤﻐــﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻐﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺣﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻈﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺎﺭﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣١‬‬
 ‫‪CAPPARIDACEAE‬‬

‫‪Commelina forsskalei Vahl.‬‬ ‫‪Cyanotis nyctitiropa Defl.‬‬

‫)‪(Commelinaceae‬‬ ‫ﺭ ﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﻫﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒــﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(Commelinaceae‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳـﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﻭﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴـﺔ ﻭﻣﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﺩﻣﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪Convolvulus arvensis L.‬‬ ‫‪Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.)R. Br.‬‬

‫)‪(Convolvulaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺍ ﺳ‬ ‫)‪(Convolvulaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﺰﺩﻭﺟﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬
‫ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﳊﻮﺑـﺎﻥ )ﴰﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﻕ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺰ( ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺤﺮ ﻭﺣﻮﻑ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣٢‬‬
 ‫‪CAPPARIDACEAE‬‬

‫‪Metaporana obtusa (Balf.f.)Staples.‬‬ ‫‪Seddera arabica (Forssk.)Choisy.‬‬

‫)‪(Convolvulaceae‬‬ ‫ﻌﻠﻬﻞ ﻌﻞ ﻞ‬ ‫ﺨ ﺍﻟﻠ ﺪﻭ ﺳﺪﺭ )‪(Convolvulaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﻭ ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔــــﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺣﱴ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪Seddera spinosa (Vierh.)Verdc.‬‬ ‫‪Dendrosicyos socotrana Balf.f.‬‬

‫)‪(Convolvulaceae‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫)‪(Cucurbitaceae‬‬ ‫ﻗﻤﺤ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨـﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺃﻣﻠ ﻣﻨﺘﻔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻔﻞ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺪﻕ ﺑ ﲡﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﻌﻠﻒ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣٣‬‬
 ‫‪CAPPARIDACEAE‬‬

‫‪Juniperus procera Hochst. ex.‬‬ ‫)‪Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae‬‬

‫)‪Endel. (Cupressaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻋﺮ ﺮﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﻞ ﺍﳌﻌﻴﺰ ﺳﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﺩﺍﺋﻤــﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻐﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻀﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺇﺭﻑ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺭﻕ ﻭﺣﻴﻔﺎﻥ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺯ ﻭﺻﻌﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺨﺸﺐ ﺑﻨـﺎﺀ ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﻄﻊ ﺃﻓﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﺓ ﻭ ﺮﻕ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺒﺎﺷـﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﺳﻮﺩ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻗﻄـﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﻋﻼﺝ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺮﺏ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Scabiosa columbaria L.(Dipsacaceae‬‬ ‫‪Dirachma socotrana Schweinf‬‬

‫ﺮﻳ‬ ‫)‪(Dirachmaceae‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻢ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﺮﻭﻑ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣٤‬‬
 ‫‪EUPHORBIACEAE‬‬

‫‪Croton sarcocarpus Balf.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺭ‬ ‫‪Croton socotranus Balf.f. var.‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟـ ‪ Croton socotranus‬ﺑﺄﻭﺭﺍﻗﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ ﺍﻷﺑﻴﺾ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪pachyclados (A.R.Smith)A.R.Smith.‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﺮﺭ ﻬﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‪.‬‬

‫‪Cephalocrotonopsis socotranus‬‬ ‫‪Euphorbia abdelkuri Balf.f.‬‬ ‫ﺮ ﻞ‬

‫‪Balf.f.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺎ ﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺭﻱ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺒﺨﺮ ﻬﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻔﺮﺯ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗﻄﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺣﻄﺐ ﺟﻴﺪ ‪ ،‬ﻇﻞ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻭﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﺴﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﻮﻧﻪ ﺃﲪﺮ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣٥‬‬
 ‫‪EUPHORBIACEAE‬‬

‫‪Euphorbia arbuscula Balf.f. var‬‬ ‫‪Euphorbia cactus Ehrenb.‬‬

‫‪montana Balf.f.‬‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻄﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻝ ﻗﻠ ﻋﻤ ﻋﺸﺒ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺇ ﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨـﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﰐ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻭﲰﺤﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻈﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳــﺔ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﳍﻀﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴـــﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫـﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻘﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺣﺮﻗﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻘﻄﻴﻌﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻗﻄﻊ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬

‫‪Euphorbia fruticosa Forssk.‬‬ ‫‪Euphorbia hirta L.‬‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻋ ﻟﺒﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫ﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺒ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﻮﻛﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﴰﺎﻝ ﺑﺌﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺎ ﻭﴰﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬
‫ﺣﻮﺙ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﻛﺤﻼﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪٣٦‬‬
 ‫‪EUPHORBIACEAE‬‬
‫‪Euphorbia inarticulata Schweinf.‬‬
‫ﻴﺎ ﺧﺮﻳ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳـﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨــﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴــﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﳍﻀﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴــﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴــﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫــﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻋــﺰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﻧﻌﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻋﻰ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﻋﺴﻼ ﻣﺬﺍﻗﻪ ﺣﺎﺭ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻠﻴﺎ )ﻋﺴﻞ ﺻﻮﱄ(‪.‬‬
‫‪Euphorbia schimperi Presl.‬‬
‫ﺇﺩ ﻦ ﺩ ﻦ ﻌﺪ ﺭﻣﻴﺪ ﻋﺸﺒ )ﺳﻘﻄﺮ (‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻋﺎﻟﻴـﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺣﺘـﻰ‬
‫ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪٣٧‬‬
‫‪Euphorbia parciramulosa Schweinf.‬‬
‫ﻧﺼﻢ ﺳﺤ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻳﺼﻞ ﺇﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ‬
‫‪ ٥‬ﺃﻣﺘﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﺪﱃ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻤﺔ ﺍﳉﺬﻉ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٣‬ﺇﱃ ‪٤‬‬
‫ﺯﻭﺍﻳـﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﺮﺟﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺰﻫﺮﻳـﺔ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﺒﺔ ﻣﻠﺴﺎﺀ ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺍﻟـ‬
‫‪ ١٥٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﱐ‪ ،‬ﺇﺏ ﻭﻏﺮﺏ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪Euphorbia spiralis Balf.f.‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨـﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﻣﻐﻄﻰ‬
‫ﺑﺄﺷﻮﺍﻙ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪EUPHORBIACEAE‬‬

‫‪Jatropha spinosa (Forssk.)Vahl‬‬ ‫‪Jatropha unicostata Balf.‬‬ ‫ﺳ‬

‫ﺑ ﺩﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﺑ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣـﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬـﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻏﺮﺏ ﺗﻌـﺰ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺷﻌﺒﻴــﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻒ ﻧﺰﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪Jatropha variegata (Forssk.)Vahl.‬‬ ‫‪Ricinus communis L.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺸ ﺧﺮﻭﻉ‬

‫ﺍﺑ ﺑ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌـﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟــﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨــﻪ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻰ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟــﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺪﻫﻮﺭ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪ .‬ﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺬﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻳﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﻭ ﻭﺻﺎﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺴﲔ )‪ (Ricin‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺳـﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺷﺮﺱ ﻭﻛﺤﻼﻥ ﻭﺍﳊﺒﻴﻠﲔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺇﻻ ﺃ ﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﳍﺎﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﻣﺜـﻞ‬
‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺀ ﻭﺍﳊـﱪ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻖ ﻭﺣﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﳍﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪٣٨‬‬
 ‫‪EUPHORBIACEAE‬‬
‫‪Tragia balfouriana Gillett‬‬
‫) ‪(Euphorbiaceae‬‬ ‫ﺳﺎ ﺎ ﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﺴﻨﻨﺔ ﻣﻠﻬﺒﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺃﻥ ﲰﻨﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﻷﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺸـﺐ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺣﻮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻮ ﺍﳌﺼﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻠﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻏﻨﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫‪Indigofera socotrana Vierh.‬‬
‫)‪(Fabaceae‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺭ ﻬﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳍﻀﺎﺏ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪.‬‬
‫‪٣٩‬‬
‫‪Abrus precatorius L. subsp. africanus‬‬
‫)‪Verdc. (Fabaceae‬‬ ‫ﺑ ﻉ ﻋﺴ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻘﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﻳﺔ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺑﻘـﻊ ﺳﻮﺩﺍﺀ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻔﺎﻑ ﺍﻷﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪Indigofera spinosa Forssk.‬‬
‫)‪(Fabaceae‬‬
‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ ﻗﺼﺎﺭ ﺣﺼﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌــﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﱴ‬
‫ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪EUPHORBIACEAE‬‬

‫‪Taverniera lappacea (Forssk.)DC.‬‬ ‫‪Taverniera sericophylla Balf.f.‬‬

‫)‪(Fabaceae‬‬ ‫)‪(Fabaceae‬‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻬﻴﻄﻂ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺯﺍﺣﻔﺔ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺯﺍﺣﻒ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ‪ ٢‬ﺇﱃ ‪ ٣‬ﻣﻐﻄﻰ ﺑﺄﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﺷﻮﻫﺪﺕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃ ﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﺿﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﻘﺮﺍﺽ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺤﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Doryalis abyssinica (Rich.)Warburg‬‬ ‫‪Exacum caeruleum Balf.f.‬‬

‫)‪(Flacourtiaceae‬‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻠﻬ ﺇ‬ ‫)‪(Gentianaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺷﻮﻫﺪﺕ ﻓﻘﻂ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺣﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﺔ ﺟﻠﺪﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻣﺘﺪﱄ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٤٠‬‬
 ‫‪EUPHORBIACEAE‬‬
‫‪Hypericum balfourii N.Robson.‬‬
‫)‪(Hypericaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻫﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ )ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ(‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﺘﻄﺎﻭﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺞ )‪Iris albicans Lange (Iridaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﰲ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭ ﺇﺏ ﻭ ﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻳﺮ‬
‫‪٤١‬‬
‫‪Hypericum scopulorum Balf.f.‬‬
‫)‪(Hypericaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻳﻘﺘﺼﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻫــﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‬
‫)ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ( ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫـﺎﺭ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Lavandula pubescens Decne.‬‬
‫)‪(Lamiaceae‬‬
‫ﺎﺣﻄﺔ ﺣﻠ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﺎﺭ ﺤﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻳﺲ ﻋﻄﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻣﻮﻳـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻠﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻬﻮﺓ ﻹﻋﻄﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻧﻜﻬﺔ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ‬
 ‫)‪LAMIACEAE (LABIATAE‬‬

‫‪Leucas flagellifolia (Balf.f.)Guerke‬‬ ‫‪Leucas glabrata (Vahl)R.Br.‬‬ ‫ﻘ‬

‫ﺇ ﻔﻄﻬﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳـﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺯﺍﺣﻒ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻭﲰﺤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻃﻌـﺔ ﻟﻠﺠﺒﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﻑ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺷﺮﻕ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﺍﺥ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﺧﺔ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﻭﻫﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺭ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗـﺰﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻖ ﻭﺣﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺎﺡ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Leucas kischenensis (A.R.Smith‬‬ ‫‪Ocimum forskolei Benth.‬‬

‫‪Sebald‬‬ ‫ﻮﻣﺮ ﻘﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺒﻘﺒ ﺣﺒ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﻌﻨﻘﺔ ﻭ ﻣﺴﻨﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻓﺮﻣﻬﻦ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴــﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﻗﻴﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ‪ .‬ﻳﻀﺎﻑ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻛﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻹﻋﻄﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﻧﻜﻬﺔ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٤٢‬‬
 ‫)‪LAMIACEAE (LABIATAE‬‬

‫‪Teucrium sokotranum Vierh.‬‬ ‫‪Teucrium yemense Defle.‬‬

‫)‪(Lamiaceae‬‬ ‫ﺠﻬﻦ‬ ‫)‪(Lamiaceae‬‬ ‫ﻌﺪ ﺧﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Kniphofia sumarae Defl. (Liliaceae‬‬ ‫‪Scilla hyacinthina (Roth.)Alston‬‬

‫ﻗﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ‬ ‫)‪(Liliaceae‬‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺑﺼﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺷﺮﻳﻄﻴـﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺑﺼﻠﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﺍﻥ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﻭﺻﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺑﺮﻉ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‬
‫ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﻗﺮﺽ‪.‬‬

‫‪٤٣‬‬
 ‫)‪LAMIACEAE (LABIATAE‬‬

‫‪Buddleia polystachya Fres.‬‬ ‫& ‪Plicosepalus acaciae (Zucc.)Wiens‬‬

‫)‪(Loganiaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﻔﺎﺭ‬ ‫)‪Polhill. (Loranthaceae‬‬ ‫ﺪﻝ ﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﺑﻜﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺎﻝ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻄﻔﻞ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺼﺎﺹ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻷﻫﺠﺮ ﻭﺑﲏ ﻣﻄــﺮ ﻭﺿﻮﺭﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺣﻮﺙ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴـﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺒﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻘﺎﺡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ ﺍﳌﻮﺭﻗـﺔ ﰲ ﺃﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ ﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﺃﻭﺍﱐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒ ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻨﺔ )‪Lawsonia inermis L. (Lythraceae‬‬ ‫‪Hibiscus deflersii Schweinf.‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳــﺎﻥ ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺰﺭﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﺎﺗﲔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﻋﺪﻥ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻬــﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻮﺭ‪،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻭﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺔ ﺻﺒﻐـﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﰲ ﲡﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﻳــﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺟﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﺗﻠﻮﻳـﻦ ﺍﳌﻼﺑ ﻭﺍﳉﻠﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻑ ﻭﻧﻘﺎﻻﺕ ﻟﻠﺤﻤﲑ‪ .‬ﳍﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫)‪(Malvaceae‬‬ ‫ﺣﻨﻘ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤـﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺫﻭ ﺯﻫﺮ ﺃﲪــﺮ ﺟﺬﺍﺏ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﺍﺵ ﰲ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻬـﻞ‬
‫ﻬﺗﺎﻣـﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﺰ‪،‬ﻋـﺪﻥ ‪ ،‬ﺫﻣﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺣﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﻓﻊ‪ ،‬ﳊﺞ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪٤٤‬‬
 ‫‪MALVACEAE‬‬

‫)‪Hibiscus scottii (Malvaceae‬‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻬﻦ‬ ‫‪Hibiscus trionum L.‬‬ ‫ﻠﺠﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻋ‬ ‫ﺒ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺯﻏﺐ ﻣﻠﻬﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭ ﺇﺏ‬

‫‪Hibiscus vitifolius L.‬‬ ‫ﻘﺮ ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫‪Cocculus balfourii Schweinf. ex‬‬

‫)‪Balf.f. (Menispermaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤـﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ﻳﺘﻮﺳﻄﻬﺎ ﻟﻮﻥ ﺑﲏ‬
‫ﺇﺭﺳ ﺩﺣﺘﻮ ﺮ ﻦ‬ ‫ﻘ‬
‫ﻏﺎﻣﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺏ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﺣـﺎﺩﺓ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﻌـﺰ ‪ ،‬ﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﺃﺑﲔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳـﻦ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎﻓﻊ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪٤٥‬‬
 ‫‪MIMOSACEAE‬‬
‫‪Acacia asak (Forssk.)Willd.‬‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﻋﺴ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ ﻭﺳﺎﻕ ﻣﻘﺸﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ ١٠٠٠‬ﻭ ‪. ١٦٠٠‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺳﻴﺎﺝ ﻭﺗﺪﺧــﻞ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋـﺔ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺛﺔ )ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻗﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺪﻕ ﻟﻔﺼــﻞ ﺍﳊﺒﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺎﺑﻞ )ﻣﻮﺣﺺ(‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺴﻼ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ‪.‬‬
‫‪Acacia etbaica Schweinf.‬‬ ‫ﺎ )ﺣﻮ (‬ ‫ﻗﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴـﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒـﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻏﺬﺍﺀ ﻟﻠﻨﺤﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋـﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻨﺒـﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ‪.‬‬
‫‪٤٦‬‬
‫ﺮ ‪Acacia ehrenbergiana Hayne‬‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻢ ﺳ ﻡ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻬﺗﺎﻣـﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬـﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴـﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﺻﻌﺪﺓ ﻭﻣﺄﺭﺏ ﻭﺭﺩﺍﻉ ﻭﺣﺮﻳﺐ ﻭﺃﺑـﲔ ﻭﺣﻀﺮﻣـﻮﺕ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺕ ﻋﺴﻼ ﺟﻴﺪﺍ‪.‬‬
‫‪Acacia oerfota (Forssk.) Schweinf.‬‬
‫ﻟﻌﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﺒﻌﺚ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﺴﺮ ﺍﻓﺮﻋﻬﺎ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻏﲑ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺮﻏﻮﺑﺔ ﺭﻋﻮﻳﺎ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪MORACEAE‬‬

‫‪Acacia sarcophylla chiov.‬‬ ‫‪Dorstenia gigas Schweinf.‬‬ ‫ﺮﺗ‬

‫)‪(Mimosaceae‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺣﺮ ﺣﺮﺣ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﺎﻕ ﻣﺘﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﺗﺸﺒــﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﻭﺭﺓ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺃﺷﻮﺍﻙ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺣﺎﺩﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﰐ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﻭ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺭﻱ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺟﻴﺪﺓ ﰲ ﻭﻗﻒ ﺯﺣﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺮ ﺳﻮﺩ ‪Ficus populifolia Vah.l.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺧﻨﺲ ﺳﻘﻢ ﺇﺑﺮﻩ ﻴﻄﻴ ‪Ficus sycomorus L.‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻗﻬﺎ ﻻﻣﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺃﺳﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﺣﺠـﺔ ﻭﺃﺑﲔ ﻭﺣﻮﻑ ‪ .‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﲦﺎﺭﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻘﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻉ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﻣﻠﺤﺎﻥ ﻭﳊﺞ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺣﻮﻑ )ﺍﳌﻬﺮﺓ(‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋــﺔ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻔﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﻛﻈﻞ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﳊـﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺛﺎﺙ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺴﺘﺨـﺪﻡ ﺃﺧﺸﺎﻬﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﺘﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺩﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﳝﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺪﻋﺎﺋﻢ ﻭﺳﻼﱂ ‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺧﻼﻳــﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳـﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٤٧‬‬
 ‫‪MORACEAE‬‬

‫‪Commicarpus pedunculosos‬‬ ‫)‪Commicarpus plumbagineus (Cav.‬‬

‫)‪(A.Rich.)Cuf. (Nyctaginaceae‬‬ ‫ﺭﺮ‬ ‫ﺮﻣﻞ ﺣﺮﻳﺪ ﺭ ﺮ )‪Standl(Nyctaginaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺯﺍﺣﻔــﺔ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﻗﺮﻬﺑﺎ ﰲ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﻇﻬﺮ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Mirabilis jalapa L. (Nyctaginaceae‬‬ ‫‪Angraecum dives Rolfe‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫)‪(Orchidaceae‬‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﺗﺘﻔﺘﺢ ﻣﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭ ﺇﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺟﻠﺪﻳﺔ‬

‫‪٤٨‬‬
 ‫‪MORACEAE‬‬
‫‪Cistanche phelypoea (L.)Cout .‬‬
‫)‪(Orobanchaceae‬‬ ‫ﺞﺍ ﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻄﻔﻞ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒـﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴـﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴــﺔ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻄﻔﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺬﻭﺭ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻓﺮﻑ‪.‬‬
‫‪Adenia venenata Forssk.‬‬
‫)‪(Passifloraceae‬‬ ‫ﺣﺒﻌ ﺎ ﻋﻨﻘ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻘﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻬﺗﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﻔﺨﺔ ﺗﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﲔ ‪ ١٢٠٠‬ﻭ ‪ ١٥٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﻏﺮﺏ ﻭﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﴰﺎﻝ ﺷﺮﻕ ﻧﻘﻴﻞ ﺍﺑﻞ ﻭ ﺟﻨﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺣﺬﺭﺍﻥ ﻭﲪﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟﻊ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ‪.‬‬
‫‪٤٩‬‬
‫‪Argemone mexicana L.‬‬
‫)‪(Papaveraceae‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﻭﺩ ﺳﻨﺎ ﺔ ﺳﻨﻴ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳـﺎﻥ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰ ﻭﺍﺏ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﻟـﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﻮﺯﻉ ﻭﺩﻣﺖ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄــﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌ‬
‫)‪Limonium cylindrifolium (Forssk.‬‬
‫)‪Verdc. (Plumbaginaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
 ‫)‪POACEAE (GRAMINEA‬‬

‫& ‪Limonium kossmatii (Wagner‬‬ ‫‪Odyssea mucronata (Forssk.)Stapf.‬‬

‫)‪Vierh.)Verdc. (Plumbaginaceae‬‬ ‫ﻮﺧﻢ ﺨﻢ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺒﺔ ﺣﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﻮﻛﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﰐ ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺭﻱ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Pennisetum villosum R.Br. ex‬‬ ‫)‪Urochondra setulosa (Trin.‬‬

‫‪Fresen.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺩ‬ ‫‪C.E.Hubb.‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻳﺰﻭﻣﺎﺕ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﻗﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻱ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒــﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻼ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﻗﺎﻉ ﺑﻜﻴﻞ ﻭﺟﺒﻠﺔ ﻭﺻﻨﻌﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥٠‬‬
 ‫)‪POACEAE (GRAMINEA‬‬

‫‪Polygala abyssinica R.Br.ex Fresen‬‬ ‫)‪Rumex nervosus Vahl.(Polygonaceae‬‬

‫)‪(Polygalaceae‬‬ ‫ﻴ ﻞ ﻨﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﺮ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻃﺮﺍﻑ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳــﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺮﻋﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒـﻞ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻄﺒ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﺗﻄﺤﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺗ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺋﺐ )ﺍﳊﻘﲔ( ‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﻒ ﻬﺑﺎ ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﳍﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫)‪Talinum portulacifolium (Forssk.‬‬ ‫)‪Anagallis arvences L. (Primulaceae‬‬

‫)‪Aschers. ex Schwe. (Portulacaceae‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﻳﻨﺒﺔ ﺍ ﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺣﺮﺍﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﻔـﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌـﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋ ﺍﳉﻤﻞ ﻋ ﺍﻟﻘ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺣﻮﱄ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑـﺔ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﺳﻨﻔــﺎﻥ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﰲ‬
‫ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥١‬‬
 ‫)‪POACEAE (GRAMINEA‬‬

‫‪Punica protopunica Balf.f.‬‬ ‫‪Clematis hirsuta Guill. & Perr.‬‬

‫)‪(Punicaceae‬‬ ‫ﺭ ﻴﻨﻮ‬ ‫ﺭﻴ‬ ‫)‪(Ranunculaceae‬‬ ‫ﺮﻳﺞ‬ ‫ﻳﻘ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺻﻐﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﻤـﻮ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳــﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟـﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﺑﺮﻳﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟــﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻌﺰ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺏ‪.‬‬

‫‪Clematis simensis Fresen‬‬ ‫‪Thalictrum minus L.‬‬

‫)‪(Ranunculaceae‬‬ ‫ﺮﻳﺞ‬ ‫)‪(Ranunculaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻘﺔ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﻔﺼﺼﺔ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﺼﺎ ﻏﺎﺋﺮﺍ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﲰﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺮﺍﺀ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺧﺎﺩﻳﺪ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻭ ﺇﺭﻳﺎﻥ ﻭ‬
‫ﻭﺻﺎﺏ‬

‫‪٥٢‬‬
 ‫)‪POACEAE (GRAMINEA‬‬

‫‪Berchemia discolor (Klotzsch)Hemsl.‬‬ ‫‪Ziziphus spina -christi (L.)Willd.‬‬

‫)‪(Rhamnaceae‬‬ ‫ﲤﺎﺭ ﺧﺮ‬ ‫)‪(Rhamnaceae‬‬ ‫ﺳﺪﺭ ﻋﻠ ﻋﺮ ﺩﻭﻡ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﻸﻭﺩﻳـﺔ ﺃﻭ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻀﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺩﻳﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻻﻳﻜﺎﺩ ﺟﺰﺀﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻫــﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺩﻳـﺔ ﻭﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮﺓ ﺍﻻ ﻭﳍﺎ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻭ ﻳﺼﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﺸﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺒﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺙ ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺎﺑﺾ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﻋﻖ ﻭﺍﺠﻤﻟﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻔﺎﻝ‬
‫)ﺍﳌﺰﺍ (‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﻛﺴﻴﺎﺝ ﺣـﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺧﺸﺒﻬﺎ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮﺩ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﺠﻴﻨﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻛﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﺓ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﻠﻴﺎ )ﻏﺴﻞ(‪ ،‬ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﺍﳌﻮﺗﻰ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻛـﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﻮﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻴﺪﺓ ﺧﺎﺻـﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻋﺰ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﻐﺬﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻟﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻮﺩ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲏ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Rosa abyssinica R.Br. ex Lindl.‬‬

‫)‪(Rosaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸ ﺣﻮ ﻢ ﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟـﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳـﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫‪Carphalea obovata (Balf.f.)Verdc.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ‬ ‫)‪(Rubiaceae‬‬ ‫ﻴﻬ‬ ‫ﻴﺤ‬
‫ﺻـﱪ ﻭﲰﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺫﻣﺎﺭ ﻭﺣﺠﺔ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺴﻴﺎﺝ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻛﻤــﺎ ﺗ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﳝﻜﻦ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺰﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭﻭﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﳍﺎ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪٥٣‬‬
 ‫)‪POACEAE (GRAMINEA‬‬

‫)‪Gaillonia putorioides (A.R.Smith‬‬ ‫)‪Ruta chalepensis L. (Rutaceae‬‬

‫)‪Thulin (Rubiaceae‬‬ ‫ﺮ ﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﺍ ﺳ ﺍ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺗﺘﺠﻨﺒﻪ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﻟﺮﺍﺋﺤﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤـﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﰲ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺺ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜـﻞ ﺟﺒﻞ ﺻﱪ ﻭﺳﺎﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺮﺏ ﻛﺴﻤﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﺰﻳــﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Campylanthus junceus Edgwer.‬‬ ‫‪Craterostigma pumilum Hochst.‬‬

‫)‪(Scrophulariaceae‬‬ ‫)‪(Scrophulariaceae‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺷﺮﻳﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺯﺭﻗﺎﺀ ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﻗﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﺷﻮﻫﺪﺕ ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺫﻣﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﻀﺮﻣﻮﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﻭ ﺭﺩﺍﻉ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻳﺐ‬

‫‪٥٤‬‬
 ‫‪SCROPHULARIACEA‬‬

‫‪Graderia fruticosa Balf.f .‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸ‬ ‫‪Kickxia scalorum Schweinf. ex‬‬

‫‪D.Sutton.‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺍﻻﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻧﺒﻮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪ ،‬ﺍﻻﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺳﻬﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳــﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜــﻞ ﺍﶈﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﺣﺮﺍﺯ ﻭﺟﺒﻞ ﻣﻠﺤﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Kickxia woodii D.A.Sutton.‬‬ ‫‪Striga hermonthica (Del.)Benth.‬‬

‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﺜﻠﺜﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺍﺭ ﻋ ﺍﺭ ﺣﺮ ﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﳊﺠﺮﻳﺔ )ﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﺗﻌﺰ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﺘﻄﻔﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟـﺬﻭﺭ ﺼﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥٥‬‬
 ‫‪SCROPHULARIACEA‬‬

‫‪Lycium shawii Roem & Schult.‬‬ ‫)‪Solanum incanum L.(Solanaceae‬‬

‫)‪(Solanaceae‬‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺳﺞ ﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺔ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﻋـﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺟـﻮﺍﺭ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﲔ ‪١٤٠٠‬ﻭ‪ ١٥٠٠‬ﻣﺘﺮ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻋﺰ ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺳﻴﺎﺝ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺜﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ ﻣﺴﻬﻞ ‪ ،‬ﳍﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﺮ ﻢ ﻧﻘﻢ ﻗﻤﻘﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﻮﻛﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻗﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ‪.‬‬

‫‪Tamarix aphylla (L.)Karst.‬‬ ‫‪Tamarix arabica Bunge.‬‬

‫)‪(Tamaricaceae‬‬ ‫ﺃ ﻞ ﻋﻴ‬ ‫)‪(Tamaricaceae‬‬ ‫ﺃﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟــﺪ ﰲ ﻗﻴﻌـﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺩﻳـﺔ ﻭﺿﻔﺎﻓﻬﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﺍﳋﻀﺮﺓ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﰲ ﻗﻴﻌﺎﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺿﻔﺎﻓﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀـﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄـﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨـﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌـﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‪ .‬ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ‬
‫ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ﻭﺧﺸـﺐ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺤـﻢ ﻭﰲ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻗــﻮﺩ ﻭﺧﺸﺐ ﺑﻨـﺎﺀ ﻭﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺤﻢ ﻭﰲ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﻤﺼـﺪ ﻟﻠﺮﻳﺎﺡ ﻭﲪﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﺒﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﻤﺼﺪ ﻟﻠﺮﻳﺎﺡ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﳍﺎ ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥٦‬‬
 ‫‪SCROPHULARIACEA‬‬

‫‪Gnidia socotrana (Balf.f.)Gilg.‬‬ ‫‪Gnidia somalensis Gilg. var.‬‬

‫)‪(Thymeliaceae‬‬ ‫ﻻﻗﻬﻦ ﻗﻴﻄﻬﺮ‬ ‫‪sphaerocephala (Bak.)Gastald.‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨـﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪.‬ﲡﻤــﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻻ‬ ‫)‪(Thymeliaceae‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺣﺔ ﺧﺎﺭ ﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﻡ ﻳﺴﺒﺐ ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻻﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪Corchorus erodiodes Balf.f.‬‬ ‫‪Typha domingensis Pers.‬‬

‫)‪(Tiliaceae‬‬ ‫ﺇﺭ‬ ‫)‪(Typhaceae‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋ ﻝ ﺩﺧﻦ ﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺯﺍﺣﻒ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﺴﻨﻨـﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺒــﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﻃﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﰲ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﳋﺰﻑ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥٧‬‬
 ‫‪VERBENACEAE‬‬

‫‪Coelocarpum haggierensis‬‬ ‫ﺠﺮ ﻗﺎﻟ‬ ‫‪Coelocarpum socotranum Balf.f.‬‬

‫ﺷﺠﺮﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ .‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻣﺴﻨﻨﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪Lantana rugosa thunb‬‬ ‫‪Priva socotrana Moldenke‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺳ‬

‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﺧﺸﻨـﺔ ﳍﺎ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﻋﻄﺮﻳﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺍﻷﺯﻫﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ ﻻﺻﻘﺔ ﻭﺃﺯﻫﺎﺭﻫــﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻀﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﺗﺮﻋﺎﻫﺎ ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﺗ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻤﺎﺭ‬

‫‪٥٨‬‬
 ‫)‪VITACEAE (VITIDACEAE‬‬

‫‪Cissus hamaderohensis A.R.Smith.‬‬ ‫ﺳﻠ ﻋﻄﺮﻭﺕ ‪Cissus quadrangularis L .‬‬

‫ﻋﻄﺮ ﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺒـﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻖ ﻳﻨﻤـﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻋﺼﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻨﺔ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﰲ‬ ‫ﻬﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺳﻔﻮﺣﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻬﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻣﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ .‬ﺮﻕ ﻭ ﺗﺘﺮﻙ ﻟﺘﱪﺩ ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺷﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ ﺍﳉﻔﺎﻑ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻄﺤـﻦ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﻌﻼﺝ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺮﻭﺡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺼﻴﺐ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ ‪ ،‬ﲡﻤﻊ ﻛﺤﻄﺐ ﻭﻗﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺗﺰﻭﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪Cissus rotundifolia(Forssk.)Vahl.‬‬ ‫‪Cissus subaphylla (Balf.f.)Planch‬‬

‫ﺣﻠ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﺴﻠﻖ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻄﺤﻦ ﻭ ﳜﻠﻂ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﱭ ﻛﺄﻛﻠﺔ ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﻌ ﻟﻌﻼﺝ ﺍﳌﻼﺭﻳﺎ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮﺍﺀ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻄﺮ ﻦ‬
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﻃﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻘﻄﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻕ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﱐ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤــﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‪.‬‬

‫‪٥٩‬‬
 ‫‪ZYGOPHYLLACEAE‬‬

‫‪Fagonia indica Burm.F.‬‬ ‫‪Peganum harmala L.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻣﻞ‬

‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﺷﺠﲑﻱ ﻣﻌﻤﺮ ﺷﻮﻛﻲ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺐ ﻣﻌﻤـﺮ ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳـﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺣﱴ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎﺕ ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻳﺔ ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌــﱪ ﻭﺻﻨﻌـﺎﺀ ﻭﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﺪﺭﺍﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻜﲑﺍﺱ‪ ،‬ﻟﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻃ ﺷﻌ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻴﺐ‬

‫{‪aY‬‬
‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺸﺎرات اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ واﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺕ‪٠٠٩٦٧١٢٨٧٤٧٩/‬‬
‫ي‬
‫‪...‬ﺁت‬
‫ﻡ‬ ‫ن‬
‫ﺮ ﺮ ‪Tribulus arabicus H.Hosnlined.‬‬
‫ﺷﺠﲑﺓ ﻗﺰﻣﺔ ﻣﻌﻤﺮﺓ ﺗﻨﻤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﻄـﺮﻕ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻮﻝ ﺍﳉﻨﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ﳊﺞ ‪.‬‬

‫‪٦٠‬‬