BUILDING SOLUTIONS____/»{»{[{[{_E
CODES AND STANDARDS
& By Ba Kost, PE, CEM, Osi Perk
What ASHRAE 90.4
does for data center
energy efficiency
The design and operation of data centers continues to evolve,
with ASHRAE Standard 90.4 as quidance
ts lear that ASHRAE raised the br signif defendable energy efficiency solutions that would
‘cantly in terms of increasing the minimum become part ofthe foundation for the develop
efficiency requirements for heating, ventla- ment of future standards and codes
tion and airconditioning systems and clec- In 2008, ax 2 pare of the ASHRAE Datacom
toca! systems in ASHRAF Standard 90.4: Series, Technical Committe 99 published a book,
Energy Standard for Data Center, “Hest Practices for Datacom Facility Energy Ef
Fortunately as srategies have matured for _cency" TC929 focuses onal axpects of dat ce
reducing encigy ur in data centers a number of ter technology spaces and clectroncequpmend
Crgantatons have developed best paces and sprema, Asdeicibed by ASHRAE, “The iatent of
fesommendation hat took ahollt view othe ths publetion, spar ofthe onglng ASHRAE
dite center and recognized the tnterdependen- Datacom Seis, ta provide the reader with
. ‘cies between the building systems detailed information on the design of datacom
Bere: Sd the infomation technology Tce that wil ad in mininiang he Ue ce
culpmnent, These were yateahed cota the lat and to mazinizeetegy ein
OBJECTIVES —“Riinubecau, forthe fst time, eyina acy “
‘Lean abut he ois of an industrywide movement started Since then, ASHRAE has published several
ASAE Sacer 904 E207 {S gnin momentum books related to datacenter energy use reduction,
ae paecrues Datacenter energy efficiency including volumes on data center thermal con-
‘unter naustyacencemand was Once considered a niche prac- ditions and particulate contaminants, advanced
Irstestinancusng faut ‘tee; mow i isdeveloping intoa more server cooling and integration of information
stecive mstersarc-ookra mature, mainstream discussion with technology and_powericooling systems. While
sane iverse professions working within some of these topies are not directly referenced
Understand itogatono! he dat center eel, in Standard 90.4, many of these strategies can
ASHP Stance 0.) and
50a, speotealyncartanang Improve energy effcioncy.
Uhihdocumatcomscat Data center industry "The members of ASHRAE TC 99 and scores of
Gmewoltieonscenerdaign, comes together Industry experts volunteered thee time and know:
+ Compare ASERAE 90.42018 ‘While st might be tempting to how to shape the primary tops ia ASHRAE 904.
ide 2019 eaters look back on the early years as a Tapping lato this expertise, especially for data
time of indecisiveness and conflct- centers created a framework and boundaries that
ing priorities, I think it wae very good that we would ster become the 904 standard
went through this period. Many ideas, processes
and designs were launched, resulting In recon- ASHRAE 90.1 updates
‘mendations sil used. While developing strate- During the ftst decade of the 21st oentury a
sles diferent segments ofthe datacenter industry growth in computer use, both by corporations and
began to converge o similar approaches to edaceindvidaal users, crested an unprecedented demand
data center energy consumption. Ultimately this for data centers. Ths resulted in a “double lear
resulted in practical, technically achievable and lag curve"
44» July2020 _consarwo-secenns excncee ncsemag com«The peliferaton of very large data cen
ters and computer technology in general)
stemmed from rapid advancements inthe
dleaign and production of procestors, memory
and digital sorage
+ Power and cooling system design was ot
ced by rape advancesin computer tech
nology. Also, indastrywie consensus-driven
‘nergy eflciency guidelines for datacenters
‘were not consistently sed
During this time period, ASURAE issued five
coitons of ASHRAE Standard 90.1: Energy Ell
sleney for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential
Buildings (1999, 2001, 2004, 2007 and 2010). There
Isoaly& small amount of data center specific lan
‘guage in these versions, which posed design chal
Tenges to mest energy compliance requfements
for new, state-of the-art data center, Aithough all
ofthe same provisions in ASHRAE 90.1 that apply
to other building types also apply to data centers,
the exceptions on outdoor air economizer and the