192 9O Prefixes We use these prefixes to make words negati Irrational, irregularity These are prefixes with other meanings: aye ee 90 Complete the conversations. Use the words in brackets and an appropriate prefix. ° = Fe & Freres Haven't you ....umpacked.... your bags yet? (packed) No, but I'm about to. Shall we watch Casablanca with Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn? Surely Bogart’s ... in Casablanca was Lauren Bacall? (star) How was the meeting? It got off to a bad start. We... how long it would take to get there and we were twenty minutes late. (calculated) Why aren't you wearing sun cream’ . to the sun can cause permanent damage to your skin. (exposure) You're right. ll put some on now. If we invite Ben, we'll have to invite Liz. They're - (separable) Well, they've been friends since they were ... at Cambridge. (graduates) | don’t know what to do about Neville. His behaviour has made him unpopular with his teachers. (respectful) Have you tried talking to him?Q1 Forming adjectives: suffixes We often form adjectives from verbs and nouns with these suffixes: PRACTICE 91a Complete the sentences. Use adjectives formed from the words in the box. courage guilt imagine like nation truth] © He's very......tikeable and has always had lots of friends. 1 about forgetting your birthday again. 2. Although he was wrong, he was enough to admit it. 3 She's a talented artist who makes use of colour. 4 5 | feel really Jhave a question and | want a(n) .. answer. Before the match people stood up and sang the anthem. 91b Complete the article. Use the word at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap on the same line. The first Big Issue Magazine was sold as a (0) publication in London in 1992. (2) sister magazines REGION were later published in the UK. Today the Big /ssue is sold as th MONTH a().. .. Magazine in countries round the world. WEEK Itis written by (3) .. writers and sold by people who PROFESSION are either (4) . or in danger of losing their homes. HOME The magazine deals with (5) social issues. It also. IMPORTANCE features interviews with many (6) . FAME including celebrities and politicians. Itis (7) INDEPENDENCE any 8). .. party. Over 722,000 copies are sold Pourics each year in the UK. 19394 Q2 Forming nouns: suffixes We form nouns from adjectives with these suffixes: iusician A Some nouns have the same form as the verb: an attack — to attack adiet-todiet transport-to transport 92 Complete the essay. Use nouns formed from the words in brackets. Human beings are characterised not only by their (0) . but by their (1) fable) to use technology to shape their environment. The (2) discover) of how to use fire was one of the most important events in the history of our species and the (3) . (invent) of the plough and the wheel were also significant (4) (develop). It is difficult to imagine what our (5) .. (civilise) would be like without technology. In our own time, computers and the Internet have speeded up © ... communicate) and ordinary people now have access to 0) .. (inform) that was once available to only a privileged few. However, technology also has a negative aspect. Our planet is facing @) _.. (destroy) because of global warming, (9) (pollute) and over-population. We will all need to work together with the help Of (10) cessesssee ... (science) and (11) .... (politics) to save our planet and there is no doubt that new technologies will play a role in finding (12)... so» (9olve), (intelligent)93 -ing and -ed adjectives © Many present and past participles can be used as adjectives. ~ Present participles: a crying child an exciting trip melting ice ~ Past participles: broken equipment a lacked door a torn shirt ‘© These adjectives often mean ‘the thing/person that is..’: a crying child = a child thats crying a broken vase =a vase that is broken © Present participles can describe things which make us feel a certain way: She told mea surprising story. That’s an interesting question. © Past participles can describe how we feel: I’m surprised you remembered my birthday. He’s always been interested in music. PRACTICE 93a Circle the correct answer. > Are you young, enthusiastic and (0) motivating IGiotivatedyo succeed? > Are you (1) interesting / interested in making a career for yourself with a (2) respecting / respected computer software producer? > Are you looking for (3) challenging / challenged work with a rapidly (4) expanding | expanded company? If your answer is “yes? and you hold a degree in information technology or a (5) relating / related field, then we could have an (6) exciting / excited opening for you. Send us your CV and a (7) completing / completed application form now! 93b Complete the sentences. Use adjectives formed from the words in the box. break change continue dry _ embarrass} love park relax steal © Itwas a restful holiday and | feel much more ......./¢l@xeq....... now. I kept calling her by the wrong name ~ it was... 2 Please get some fruit from the supermarket so that | can make a cake 3. They've always been poor and shortage of money is a(n) problem, The increase in the divorce rate reflects The police may charge them with receiving Children should not play near . They say he died of a(n) They're a(n) attitudes to marriage. . goods. cars. .vnneann heart but | don't know if that’s true, family who give one another a lot of support. evans 19594 Compound adjectives ‘© We can form compound adjectives in a number of ways: ~ adjective/adverb + past participle: a badly-dressed woman a newly-married couple an old-fashioned idea a good-looking man a well-behaved child ~ adjective/adverb + -ing form: a best-selling novel a fast-moving story long-running argument _a slow-moving vehicle ~ adjective + noun: cutting-edge technology a fast-food restaurant a free-time activity a front-row seat full-time job high-technology equipment alow-fat diet a modern-day problem a single-storey building ~ noun + adjective: a brand-new car duty-free goods lead-free petrol worldwide reputation handmade shoes homegrown vegetables ‘© Many compound adjectives describe people: bad-tempered, big-headed, broad- shouldered, good-natured, green-eyed, grey-haired, middle-aged, right/left- handed, short-sighted, clear-thinking, easy-going, good-looking, hard-working PRACTICE 94a Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of the words in the box. age build go hand head make wide work write written, © Itwas a well . play and the actors were also excellent. 4 Jenny's a hard person but she’s also quite easy-.. 2. He's a useful person in an emergency — level sve and decisive, 3 Witnesses described the attacker as middle-.a.cusemeneneue tall and wel All our goods are hand. and we use only natural materials. we It's possible to buy scissors which are made specially for left. people. 6 The televised event attracted a world. people. iudience of over a billion ‘94b Complete the advertisements. Form compound adjectives. Missing. Ming Mins Tivo Cities is the latest book by isa (0) short-... aire , (2) ssrseentneneennenie8elling novelist (1) blue _ Siamese Ewan Andrews. A (3) fas cat. Last seen on Saturday night. story of (4) modern..... problems Ifyou have any information, 165 3678, .. fashioned solutions, 0208 46° Flats to let: rese modern, (6) air-.. apartments in a o new, (8) high-... block are ideal for people working in the city centre. Ring Victoria Properties today on 0207 948 3676.95 Compound nouns We can form compound nouns in these ways: e noun+noun: a burglaralarm a carpark current affairs traffic lights noun +-ing form: airconditioning food-poisoning power dressing -ing form +noun: a dining room a driving licence opening hours other combinations of words: mother-in-law feedback make-up lateral thinking passer-by software sunshine upbringing Ay, We canwrite compound nouns as one word, two words or with a hyphen. Some compound nouns are written as one word or hyphenated, depending on the dictionary referred to: dishwasher/dish-washer eyewitness/eye-witness ie a 2 95a Complete the definitions. Use one word from each box in each sentence. air burglar feed alarm back conditioning} job soft sun glasses sharing ware 0... Sunglasses. are dark glasses that protect your eyes from the sun. is a system that makes the air in a room cooler and drier. 2 is an arrangement by which two people both work part-time doing the same job. 3 the set of programs that tell a computer how to doa particular job. 4 is advice or criticism about how successful or useful something is. 5 An). isa piece of equipment that makes a loud noise when someone tries to get into a building illegally. 95b Complete the conversations. Use the words in the box. [brother computer food opening pain traffic © A: Have you met my Pleased to meet you, Johann. I've got an awful headache. - Would you like a(n) meseseencKiller? light you come to. in-law, Johann? 3. A: What are you doing this evening? B: | think I'll stay in and play my new ... 4 A; Put that in the fridge or you'll end up with B: Yes, you're right. 5 A: Whatare the .. hours for shops in the UK? ;: It depends where you are. London shops tend to have longer hours. 197Check 17 word formation 4 Complete the book extract. Use the word at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap on the same line. Ihave a natural (2) to ABLE find bad news. It’s out there, | want to know about it. The people who work for me realise this and keep me informed. Alot goes wrong in any @ seven a good one. ORGANISE Aproduct fails. You're (3) SUPRISE by a customer who suddenly switches to another company. A) brings out a product compere that appeals to a broad new market. Maybe a product is going to be late, or it's not going to do what you expect it to do, or you've been 6) to hire enough of ABLE the right kinds of people to carry out your plans. An (6) . . EFFECT manager wants to hear about what’s going wrong before he or she hears about what's going right. You can't react appropriately to @ news ifit doesn't reach you soon enough. You concentrate on bad news in order to get started on the @).. quickly. As soon SOWE as you're aware of a problem, everybody in your company must go intO (9) snsnnseee act ‘An (10) . measure of a IMPORTANCE company’s digital nervous system is how quickly people in the company find out about bad news and respond to it. Digital technology speeds business response time in any emergency. DISAPPOINT 110 98 2 Complete the sentences. Use words formed from the words in brackets. 11 The workers face .. closes. (employment) 42. | MUSt HAVE wnonsnesoe YOU. Could you repeat it? (understood) 43 The couple were. separation. (united) ifthe factory after a long 44 | prefer fresh vegetables to ones. (freeze) 45 He is - He makes stupid mistakes. (competent) 15 3 Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box. power row running series thinking 36 Vicky dreams of becoming a film star one day. She might succeed ~ she’s just got an important part in a television 47 It's along 48 She invited me to watch the show and made sure that | got a front . seat. 49 She swears that in her early days of acting itwa: . dressing that helped her to convince people to take her seriously. 20 Personally, | think she’s a creative person who's used lateral to help her find the success she wants. Is ffotal: /20 7 Self-check ue eee one Ree ead