Look at these examples: Lenjoy reading. (rot | enjoy to read) Would you mind closing the door? (cotmind to close) Chris suggested going tothe cinem (not suggested to go) ‘Would you mind closing the door? After enjoy, mind and suggest, we use -ing not to... Some mare verbs that are followed by -ing stop postpone admit avoid imagine finish consider deny risk ~—_ fancy Suddenly everybody stopped talking, There was silence: Il do the shopping when I've finished cleaning the flat He tried to avoid answering my question. I don't fancy going out this evening. (=I'mnot enthusiastic about it) Have you ever considered going to live in another country? They said they were innocent. They denied doing anything wrong. The negative form is not -ing ‘When I'm on holiday, | enjoy not having to get up early. We also use -ing afte: give up (stop) put off (= postpone) go on or carry on (~continuc) keep orkeep on (= do someting continuously or repeatedly) Ive given up reading newspaper. think t's # waste of time Catherine doesn't want t etre. She wants to go.on working. (or. to carry on working) You keep interrupting when 'm talking! or You keep on interrupting With some verbs you can use the structure verb + somebody + -ing, | can't imagine George riding a motorbike. You can't stop me doing what | want. Did you really say that? I don't remember you saying that. "Sorry to keep you waiting so long’ "That's allright. ‘Note the passive form (being done/seen/kept etc.) | don't mind being kept waiting. (=I don't mind people keeping me ...) When you are talking about finished actions, you can say having done/stolen/said etc. They admitted having stolen the money. But itis not necessary to use having (done). You can also say They admitted stealing the money. | now regret saying (or having said) what | said [After some of the verbs on this page (especialy admit/deny/suggest) you can also use that ‘They denied that they had stolen the money. (or They denied stealing...) Chris suggested that we went to the cinema. (or Sam suggested going .. Suggest > Unt 34 Being done [passve)> Unk 44D _VerbytoPUnKS4 Vey to and E> Units SSC, S6-S@ Remember regret/ goon» Unit S62 Goon’ carry on /keepon > Unit 141A.: Unit Exercises © complete the sentences for each situation using ing | GEES ¢ g Geaumems) "rg ‘GE g gee) te ‘ Gomme g, She suggested CEE py ESD © GTS Bp Limeronaien) — Vet EB complete each sentence with one ofthe following verbs (nthe correc form). answer apply be. forget _listen live lose make pay read ty use 1 Hetried to avoid answering my question. 2 Coulé you please stop somuch noise? 3 Lenjoy to music, 4 I considered for the job, but in the end | decided against it 5 Have you finished the newspaper yet? 6 We need to change our routine. We can't go on like this 7 don't mind you my phone, but please ask me first. 8 My memory is getting worse. | keep things. 9 I've put off this bill so many times. | really must do it today. 10 What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody so stupid? 11 Hye given up to lose weight —it's impossible 12 Ifyou gamble, you risk ‘your money. © compete the sentences so that they mean the same as the fst sentence 1 I-can do what I want and you can't stop me. You can't stop me doing what | want. 2. It's not a good idea to travel during the rush hour. Its better to avoid during the rush hour. 3. Shall we paint the kitchen next weekend instead of this weekend? Shall we postpone until next weekend? 4 Could you turn the music down, please? Would you mind «please? 5 Please don't interrupt all the time. ‘Would you mind all the time? se your own ideas to complete these sentences. Use -ing. She's 2 very interesting person. |always enjoy talking to her Vm not feeling very well. I don’t fancy Vm afraid there aren't any chairs. | hope you don’t mind twas a beautiful day, so | suggested twas very funny. I couldn't stop 6 My-carisn't very reliable, It keeps trie wi 107offer decide hope deserve promise agree plan manage afford threaten refuse arrange fail forget learn After these verbs you can use to ... (infinitive): It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home. Simon was ina difficult situation, so | agreed to help him. How old were you when you learnt to drive?_ (or learnt how to drive) | waved to Keren, but failed to attract her attention. ‘The negative is not to We decided not to go out because of the weather. | promised not to be late. After some verbs to... is not possible. For example, enjoy/th ‘enjoy reading. (not enjoy to read) Andy suggested meeting for coffee. (not suggested to meet) ‘Are you thinking of buying a car? (not thinking to buy) /suggest: For verb + -ing, see Unit $3. For verb + preposition + -ing, see Unit 62. After dare you can use the infinitive with or without to: wouldn't dare to tell him. or | wouldn't dare tell him. But after dare not (or daren’t), you must use the infinitive without to: | daren’t tell him what happened. (not | darer't to tell him) We also use to... after: seem appear tend pretend claim For example: They seem to have plenty of money. Like Dan, but | think he tends to talk too much ‘Ann pretended not to see me wihen she passed me in the street. There is also a continuous infinitive (to be doing) and a perfect infinitive (to have done): | pretended to be reading the paper. (= | pretended that | was reading) You seem to have lost weight. (=it seems that you have lost weight) Joe seems to be enjoying his new job, (=it seems that he is enjoying it) After some verbs you can use a question word {what/whether/how etc) + to We use this structure especially after: ask decide know remember forget explain learn understand wonder Weasked how toget —_tothestation Have you decided where togo for your holidays? Idon'tknew whether to apply for the job cr not. Doyou understand what todo? Also show/tell/ask/advise/teach somebody what/how/where to do something: Can somebody show me how to use this camera? Ask Jack. He'll tell you what to do. Verbs ing Punk 53 Verbsabjects to (want ete) > Unt 55 Verb + tov and ing “® Units 55C, 5i wis Exercises EB complete the sentences for thes situations, 1 Ginn 8 ees) Pe 2 me AD steapes > GEEREL fp emu ome ten & 2. They arranged ° GEE g ance 5 Ceara f QL ivor ware) She proméed GD corplete each sentence witha suitable verb 1 Don't forget . to. lock the door when you go out. 2 There was alot of traffic, But we managed to the airport in time. 3 We couldn't afford in London. It's too expensive. “4 We've got new computer software in our office. | haven't learnt ityet. 5. Mark doesn't know what happened. | decided not him, 6 We were all afraid to speak. Nobody dared anything. EB Put the verb into the cortect form, to. oF ing. (See Unit 3 for verbs + -ing) 1 Whentm tite, enjoy. watchirg television. I's relaxing. (watch) 2 Ive decided foranotherjeb. 1need change. (00k) 3 Let's get tan I dont fancy home (valk) 4 Fmmnotin au, don"t mind (walt 5 Tina ran in a marathon lst week, but she aed iit 6 sh tat dog would stop Its devingme ray. (bark) 7 Ourneighbour threatened the police we dnt stopthe nose, (cal) 8 We were hungry so! suggested inner ery. (have) 9 Hurry up! dont want tisk thetrain. (ms) 10 They did't know Iwas Ustening to ther, | pretended asleep, (be) BD Make anew sentence using the ver in brackets 1 You've lost weight. (seem) You seem to have lost weight. 2 Tomis worried about something. (appeat) Tom appears 3. You know lot of people. (seem) You 4 My Engshis getting better. (sem) 5. That car has broken down, (appear) 6 David forgets things. (end) 7 They have solved the problem. (claim) EB complete each sentence using what how/where/whather + these vers: do get go put ride use 1 Doyouknow New t get to John's house? 2 Would you know if there was a fre in the building? 3 Youll never forget a bicycle once you've learnt. 4 {ve been invited to the party, but haven't decided or not. 5 My room is very untidy. I've gat so many things and I don’t know them. 6 | have some clothes to wash. Can you show me the washing machine? + Additional exercises 26-28 (pages 217-19) 109want ask help would expect beg — mean(=intend) would prefer These verbs are followed by to... (infinitive). The structure can be: verb + to or verb +object + to. We expected to be late. ‘We expected Dan tobe late. ‘Would you like to go now? ‘Would you like me to go now? He doesn’t want to know. He doesn't want anybody to know. Do not say ‘want that’ Do you want me to come with you? (not Do you want thet I come) After help you can use the infinitive with or without to, So you can say: Canyyou help me to move this table? or Can you help me move this table? tell remind force encourage teach _—_ enable order warn invite persuade —_get (= persuade] These verbs have the structure verb + object +to Can you remind me to call Sam tomorrow? Who taught you to drive? | didn’t move the piano by myself, | got somebody to help me. Joe said the switch was dangerous and warned me net to touch it. Inthe next example, the verb is passive (I was warned / we were told etc): Iwas warned not to touch the switch. You cannot use suggest with the structure verb + object + to Jane suggested that | ask your advice. (not Jane suggested me to ask) After advise and allow, two structures are possible. Compare: verb + ~ing (without an object) verb + object +to | wouldn't advise staying in that | wouldn't advise anybody to stay in that hotel hotel ‘They don't allow parking in front of, They don't allow people to park infront the building. of the building. Study these examples with (be) allowed (passive) Parking isnt allowed infront of ‘You aren't allowed to park in front of, the building. the building. Make and let These verbs have the structure verb+ object + infntve (without to} | made him promise that he wouldn't tell anybody what happened. (not to promise) Hot weather makes me feel ted, (= causes me to feel tied) Her parents wouldn't let her go out alone. (= wouldn't allow her to go out) Let me carry your bag for you We say ‘make somebody do’ (not to da), but inthe passive we say ‘made to da’ (with to): ‘We were made to waitfor two hours. (=They made us wait.) Suggest > Units 34,53 Telllask somebody to. > Un 48D Verb + Ing Un SS Verdsto..PUnitS4 Verbs to. and-ing- Units 56-58 —_Help=> Unit STC. iis Exercises ‘Complete the questions. Use do you want me to ... ? or would you like me to... ? with these verbs (+ any other necessary words): ‘come lend repeat show = shut wait Doyou want to go alone, or 40 you want me to come with you Do you have enough money, or do you want Shall I leave the window open, or would you Do you know how to use the machine, or would Did you hear what | said, or do Can I go now, or do EB cerpletethe sentences for these situations. " GemcL@ 2 econ se 3 They invited him 2 Gertogtoatnes F 3<<== He reminded her od GEES g a She warned GREED GED orp ten each second sentence thatthe mening silt the st sntene, 1 Mytether seid could use hiscar.—-Myfatherallowed..me use is car 2 Iwas ured that trained Teint expect 2 Cort staple doingwiathewacrs, Let 4 Tim ose older when hers gues, This ssn aie 5 (dkyou diadd ow ttemeh vane 6 Attia didnt want to aplyforthe Sarah persuaded fob but Sarah persuaded me 7 Mylawyer sad should ey My lanyer advised apse tepote 8 Iwas tod that shouldnt beleve I was warned everthing he say. 9 IFyou've got a car, you are able to get Having a car enables ‘around more easily. ©) Pi she ver into the correct form: infinitive (do/make/eat etc), to + infinitive, or 1 They don't allow people . te park in front of the building. (park) 2 I've never been to Hong Kong, but I'd like there. (go) 3 I'min difficult position. What do you advise me ? (0) 4 The film was very sad. It made me (x) 5 Lisa's parents always encouraged her hard at school. (study) 6 Ifyou want to get a cheap fight, '¢ advise early. (book) 7 Sarah wouldn't et me her car. She doesn't trust me. (borrow) 8 Ifyou enter a country with a tourist vse, you are normally not allowed there. (work) 9 ‘Iidon’t think Alex likes me’ ‘What makes you that?’ (think) + Additional exercises 26-28 (pages 317-19) m