Iterative Methods

Gauss-Jacobi Method
Steps:
1. Rearrange the order of equations in a manner that the
dominant coefficient for each unknown variable lies in
the main diagonal of the system of linear equations.
2. Obtain the iterative formula for each variable by
transposing the dominant variable and dividing the
equation by the dominant coefficient.
3. Begin the iteration by substituting initial values (0’s) to
the variables and obtain the new values. The process is
repeated by substituting the variables on the next
iteration until the terminating condition is satisfied.
Iterative Methods
 Note: Since all variables are within a linear equation then
all variables must satisfy the terminating condition
otherwise continue the iteration.

 Example 3: Evaluate for the unknown node voltages using

Gauss-Jacobi Method. Terminate if Ea ≤ 0.0001 for all
variables.
 -11 = 7V1 – 3V2 – 4V3
 3 = –3V1 + 6V2 – 2V3
 25 = –4V1 – 2V2 + 11V3
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Iterative Methods
Gauss-Seidel Method
 The iterative process is similar to Gauss-Jacobi technique.
The process differs only in the introduction of new values
in the succeeding iteration (substitution process). In order
to forcefully accelerate convergence, the technique
introduces the newly computed variable to the next
computed variable rather than the next iteration. Thereby,
improving the set of computed variables for the next
iteration.
Iterative Methods
 Graphical comparison of the substitution process:
Iterative Methods
 Example 4: Determine the unknown node voltages using
Gauss-Seidel Method. Terminate if Ea≤0.0001 for all
variables.
 -11 = 7V1 – 3V2 – 4V3
 3 = –3V1 + 6V2 – 2V3
 25 = –4V1 – 2V2 + 11V3
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