LOB10303_Nasruddin_Bin_Mail_56212119122

UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology

COURSEWORK TEST 2
JULY 2020 SEMESTER SESSION

COURSE CODE : LOB 10303

COURSE NAME : FUNDAMENTAL OF MARITIME OPERATIONS

PROGRAMME NAME : BACHELOR OF MARITIME OPERATIONS (HONS)

BET (HONS) IN MARINE ENGINEERING

DATE : 4 NOVEMBER 2020

TIME : 11.30 AM – 1.30 PM

DURATION : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. Please CAREFULLY read the instructions given in the question paper.

2. This question paper has only THREE (3) questions. Select and answer TWO
(2) questions only.

3. Please indicate your name in your answer submission.

4. Save your answers in a file as “LOB10303_Test2_(your name)” e.g.

LOB10303_Test2_jasvinder

5. Upon completion, please convert from MS Word to pdf format and

thereafter, either or both:

i. Upload in “Files” at MS Teams under the folder titled TEST 2 and/or

ii. Email to mohd.idrus@unikl.edu.my

Question 1 – (CLO 1)
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Describe and illustrate the following marine terminologies associated with the port and shipping
industry.

a) Bonded warehouse

 A warehouse authorized by customs authorities for storage of goods on which payment of

duties is deferred until the goods are removed.

b) Container Freight Station

 A dedicated port or container terminal area, usually consisting of one or more sheds or
warehouses and uncovered storage areas where cargo is loaded (“stuffed”) into or unloaded
(“stripped”) from containers and may be temporarily stored in the sheds or warehouses.
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c) Dunnage

 Material used in stowing cargo either for separation or the prevention of damage.

d) Rail-mounted Gantry Crane

 Rail-mounted gantry crane used for container acceptance, delivery, and stacking operations in
a container yard.

e) Reefer

 Refrigerated container or vessel designed to

transport refrigerated or frozen cargo.
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f) Straddle Carrier

 Type of equipment that picks up and transports containers between its legs for
movement within a container terminal.
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Question 2 – (CLO 2,4)

Select any one of the following sectors of the shipping and maritime industry and thereafter answer
the accompanying questions.

I. Port Operator .

The group in the port representing the ship's owner and charterer (the principal) is a
shipping agency or shipping agent. It is the responsibility of the shipping agent to arrange a
berth, to arrange all necessary port and husbandry facilities, to take care of the master's and
crew 's needs, to clear the ship with the port and other authorities, to plan and provide
sufficient documentation and, on behalf of the principal, to release or receive cargo.

a) Describe the sector in the shipping and maritime industry.

 • The shipping agency or shipping agent shall, on behalf of shipowners, managers and
charterers, be the designated person or agency responsible for the handling of
shipments and cargo and the general interests of its customers in ports and harbours
worldwide. In certain parts of the world, these agents are referred to as port agents or
freight brokers . There are several types of shipping agents, each rendering separate
services based on the shipping business they serve, such as: port agents, liner agents,
and own agencies. In other words, a ship agent is any person or organisation
performing the functions of an agent, irrespective of whether they are in business as a
ship agent or perform such functions in association with, or in combination with,
other activities, such as the ownership or service of ships, the provision of cargo
handling or similar activities. Shipping agents will normally take care of all the daily
routine operations of a shipping company quickly and efficiently. They ensure that the
requisite equipment, improvements to the crew, customs documentation and waste
declarations are all arranged promptly with the port authorities . They also send the
shipping company warnings and updates of incidents at the destination port very
regularly, so that when goods are in transit, shipping companies have real-time
information available to them.
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b) Explain the duties and/or responsibilities performed by any individual or

organization in this sector.
 • Subsequently, the term shipping agent refers to the relationship between the
principal (in this case, the shipping company carrying the goods) and his
representative, whereby the principal authorises the agent, expressly or indirectly, to
operate on his behalf and under his supervision. The obligations / competencies as
well as the agent's remuneration may be explicitly entered into by a contract
concluded between himself and the ship owner. This phenomenon is very prevalent in
the freight trade, booking agents, etc. The duties of a freight broker are similar to
those of a shipping agent, but can also vary . For example, a freight broker will also
book outward cargo and tell the shippers on which quay and when the goods should
be presented and when loading and unloading is expected to begin. It will draw up
booking lists based on incoming bookings and ensure that the manifest department
collects the shipping documentation (shipping permits, lading bills) necessary to
commence loading and unloading operations. The records obtained are also compared
with the reservation lists.

Responsibilities of Shipping Agents Include:

 Ensuring a berth for the incoming ship
 Arranging for the pilot and the tugs if necessary
 Drawing up the documents for the customs and harbour services
 Arranging for the necessary ship fresh water / provisions
 Arranging for the necessary doctor for the crew for any medical assistance
 Arranging for storage bunkers if these are needed
 Arranging for necessary repairs
 Conveying instructions to and from the ship owner
 Organizing the supply, transport and the handling of the goods
 Organizing the necessary contacts with the stevedores
 Collecting freights, cargoes
 Contacting shippers and the receivers of the goods

The specific tasks of a cargo broker or port agent include:

 Providing the necessary information concerning the freight rates and the publication
of the sailing lists
 Looking for cargo via notices and sailing lists
 Booking of cargo and the conclusion of the agreements
 Drawing up, initiating and delivering the required documents (booking lists, shipping
permits, delivery orders) related to the cargo
 Contacting the shippers/forwarders with regard to the deliveries for shipment
 Fulfilling the necessary formalities regarding the delivery and reception of the goods
(customs etc.)
 Settling cargo claims with insurance companies
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So, we can conclude that the shipping agent has various responsibilities and contains a
specific task as a port agent. Shipping agents have also played an important role in the
maritime and shipping sectors