UNDERSTANDING TCC

& FCC

REMOTE SENSING & GIS

SATELLITE IMAGES

Panchromatic Image
 COLORS
• Primary Additive Colors
Red, Green and Blue (RGB) Š
• Complementary Colors
Cyan, Magenta and Yellow
• If three primary colors are
superimposed in unequal amounts,
then number of colors are produced. Š
• If three primary colors are
superimposed in equal amounts, then
greys ranging from black to white are
produced.
Computer screens can
display an image in three
different bands at a time,
by using a different
primary color for each
band. When we combine
these three images we
get a color composite
image.
BANDS
The range of wavelengths measured by a sensor is known as a band and is commonly
described by the wavelength of the energy. Bands can represent any portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum, including ranges not visible to the eye, such as the infrared
or ultraviolet sections.
Bands of IRS Series
 Bands of MODIS
Bands of Landsat
TRUE COLOR COMPOSITE
A natural or true color composite is an image
displaying a combination of visible red, green and
blue bands to the corresponding red, green and
blue channels on the computer.
The resulting composite resembles what would be
observed naturally by the hum.an eye
Vegetation appears green,
Water appears dark is blue to black
Bare ground and impervious surfaces appear light
grey and brown

Satellite Image of Himalayan Region

Satellite Image of Lucknow City

Satellite Image of Prayagraj Sangam

FALSE COLOR COMPOSITE
False color images are a representation of a multi-spectral image produced
using bands other than visible red, green and blue as the red, green and blue
components of an image display.
False color composites allow us to visualize wavelengths that the human
eye can not see (i.e. near-infrared).
Using bands such as near infra-red increases the spectral separation and
often increases the interpretability of the data.
There are many different false colored composites which can highlight
many different features
Examples of FCC Combinations
Blue band – Red; Red band – Green; Green band – Blue
Blue band – Red; Red band – Green; NIR band – Blue
Standard FCC
NIR band – Red; Red band – Green; Green band – Blue
In IRS: Band 4(NIR) – Red; Band 3(Red) – Green; Band 2(Green) – Blue
EXAMPLES OF STANDARD FCC

Standard FCC of
Cartosat 2 (LISS -3
Sensor) of Lucknow
City
 FCC USING LANDSAT DATA
Wavelength Resolution
Bands
Landsat Series Launch Year (micrometers) (meters)
Landsat 1 1972 Band 1 – Blue 0.45 – 0.52 30
Landsat 2 1975 Band 2 – Green 0.52 – 0.60 30
Landsat 3 1978 Band 3 – Red 0.63 – 0.69 30
Landsat 4 1982 Band 4 – NIR 0.77 – 0.90 30
Landsat 5 1985 Band 5 – SWIR 1 1.55 – 1.75 30
Landsat 7 ETM 1999 Band 6 – Thermal 10.40 – 12.50 60
Landsat 8 OLI & 2013 Band 7 – SWIR 2 2.09 – 2.35 30
TIS Band 8 –
0.52 – 0.90 15
Landsat Satellite Series Panchromatic
Landsat 7 Specifications
 Wavelength Resolution
Bands
(micrometers) (meters)
Band 1 - Ultra Blue
0.435 – 0.451 30
(coastal/aerosol)
Band 2 - Blue 0.452 – 0.512 30
Band 3 - Green 0.533 – 0.590 30
Band 4 – Red 0.636 – 0.673 30
Band 5 – NIR 0.851 – 0.879 30
Band 6 – SWIR 1 1.566 – 1.651 30
Band 7 – SWIR 2 2.107 – 2.294 30
Band 8 – Panchromatic 0.503 – 0.676 15
Band 9 – Cirrus 1.363 – 1.384 30
Band 10 – Thermal 1 10.60 – 11.19 100
Band 11 – Thermal 2 11.50 – 12.51 100

Landsat 8 Specifications FCC Combinations for Landsat 8

 NATURAL
COLOR
COMPOSITE
OF
LUCKNOW
CITY USING
LANDSAT 8
DATA

Band Combination : 4,3,2

 STANDARD
FALSE
COLOR
COMPOSITE
(FCC) OF
LUCKNOW
CITY USING
LANDSAT 8
DATA

Band Combination : 5,4,3

S. No Earth Surface Feature Standard FCC Color
1 Healthy Vegetation and Cultivated Areas
• Evergreen Red to magenta
• Deciduous Brown to red
• Scrubs Light brown with red patches
• Cropped Land
• Fallow Land
Bright red
COLOR
SIGNATURES
Land Light blue to white
2 Water body
• Clear water
• Turbid Water body
Dark blue to black
OF STANDARD
FALSE COLOR
Light Blue
3 Built-Up Area
• High Density Dark Blue to Bluish green
COMPOSITE
(FCC)
• Low Density Light Blue
4 Wastelands/Rock Outcrops
• Rock outcrops Light brown
• Sandy deserts/River sand/Salt affected Light blue to white
• Deep ravines Dark green
• Shallow ravines Light green
• Water logged/Wetlands Motelled Black
 FALSE
COLOR
COMPOSITE
(FCC) FOR
AGRICULTU
RE OF
LUCKNOW
CITY USING
LANDSAT 8
DATA

Band Combination : 6,5,2

 FCC FOR
HEALTHY
VEGETATION
OF LUCKNOW
CITY USING
LANDSAT 8
DATA

Band Combination : 5,6,2

 FCC FOR
LAND/WATER
OF LUCKNOW
CITY USING
LANDSAT 8
DATA

Band Combination : 5,6,4

 FCC FOR
LAND/WATER
OF LUCKNOW
CITY USING
LANDSAT 8
DATA

Band Combination : 5,6,4

 FCC FOR
LAND/WATER
OF LUCKNOW
CITY USING
LANDSAT 8
DATA

Band Combination : 5,6,4

 THANK YOU
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