Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1.1. Từ vựng về tính cách con người - tính cách tích cực
1.2. Từ vựng về tính cách con người - tính cách tiêu cực
1. Brave /breɪv/: Anh hùng. Example: My brother was as brave as a lion on the rugby field
(Anh trai tôi dũng cảm như một con sư tử trên sân bóng bầu dục).
2. Careful /ˈkeəfl/: Cẩn thận. Example: She was quite careful about how she spoke to him (Cô
ấy khá cẩn thận về cách cô ấy nói chuyện với anh ấy).
3. Cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/: Vui vẻ. Example: She tried to sound cheerful and unconcerned (Cô ấy cố
làm ra vẻ vui vẻ và không lo lắng).
4. Easy-going /ˌiːzi ˈɡəʊɪŋ/: Dễ gần. Example: His friends described him as an easy-going
person (Bạn bè của anh ấy miêu tả anh ấy là một người dễ gần).
5. Exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/: Thú vị. Example: She found the idea terrifically exciting (Cô ấy thấy ý
tưởng này rất thú vị).
6. Friendly /ˈfrendli/: Thân thiện. Example: Frank was a genuinely friendly guy (Frank là một
chàng trai thực sự thân thiện).
7. Generous /ˈdʒenərəs/: Hào phóng. Example: She was generous in her praise for her co-stars
(Cô hào phóng khen ngợi bạn diễn của mình).
8. Hardworking /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/: Chăm chỉ. Example: I want to stand up for all the decent,
hard-working families in this country (Tôi muốn bảo vệ tất cả những gia đình tử tế, chăm
chỉ trên đất nước này).
9. Polite /pəˈlaɪt/: Lịch sự. Example: Our waiter was very polite and helpful (Người phục vụ
của chúng tôi rất lịch sự và hữu ích).
10. Smart = Intelligent: Thông minh. Example: She is clearly extremely intelligent (Cô ấy rõ
ràng là cực kỳ thông minh).
11. Sociable: Hòa đồng. Example: She’s a sociable child who’ll talk to anyone (Cô ấy là một
đứa trẻ hòa đồng và sẽ nói chuyện với bất cứ ai).
12. Talented: Tài năng, có tài. Example: Some of these young musicians are incredibly talented
(Một số nhạc sĩ trẻ này vô cùng tài năng).
13. Ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/: Có nhiều tham vọng. Example: She’s a great student – dedicated,
hardworking and ambitious (Cô ấy là một sinh viên tuyệt vời – tận tâm, chăm chỉ và đầy
tham vọng).
14. Cautious: Thận trọng. Example: They’ve taken a very cautious approach (Họ đã thực hiện
một cách tiếp cận rất thận trọng).
15. Confident: Tự tin. Example: My friend was in a relaxed, confident mood (Bạn tôi có tâm
trạng thoải mái, tự tin).
16. Serious: Nghiêm túc. Example: The crime is considered serious enough to warrant a jail
term (Tội phạm được coi là đủ nghiêm trọng để phải nhận án tù).
17. Creative: Sáng tạo. Example: She channels her creative energy into her art (Cô ấy truyền
năng lượng sáng tạo vào nghệ thuật của mình).
18. Dependable: Đáng tin tưởng. Example: She is loyal and totally dependable (Cô ấy trung
thành và hoàn toàn đáng tin cậy).
19. Enthusiastic: Hăng hái, tận tình. Example: They gave her an enthusiastic reception (Họ đã
dành cho cô một sự đón tiếp nhiệt tình).
20. Extroverted: Hướng ngoại. Example: He is bold and extroverted (Anh ấy mạnh dạn và
hướng ngoại).
21. Introverted: Hướng nội. Example: His teachers perceived him as shy and introverted (Các
giáo viên của anh ấy coi anh ấy là người nhút nhát và sống nội tâm).
22. Imaginative: Giàu trí hình dung. Example: You’ll need to be a little more imaginative if
you want to hold their attention (Bạn sẽ cần phải giàu trí tưởng tượng hơn một chút nếu
muốn thu hút sự chú ý của họ).
23. Observant: Tinh ý, nhạy bén. Example: He was acutely observant of the poverty around
him (Anh ấy rất nhạy bén về sự nghèo đói xung quanh mình).
24. Optimistic: Lạc quan. Example: I think you’re being a little over-optimistic (Tôi nghĩ bạn
đang lạc quan một chút).
25. Rational: Có chừng mực, có lý trí. Example: She seems incapable of making a rational
decision (Cô ấy dường như không có khả năng đưa ra quyết định lý trí).
1. Bad-tempered: Nóng tính. Example: He gets very bad-tempered when he’s tired (Anh ấy rất nóng
tính khi anh ấy mệt mỏi).
2. Boring: Buồn chán. Example: He’s such a boring man! (Anh ấy thật là một người đàn ông nhàm
chán!).
3. Careless: Bất cẩn, cẩu thả. Example: He’s very careless with money (Anh ấy rất bất cẩn với tiền
bạc).
4. Crazy: Điên khùng. Example: She must be crazy to lend him money (Cô ấy phải điên khi cho anh
ta vay tiền).
5. Impolite: Bất lịch sự. Example: Some people think it is impolite to ask someone’s age (Một số
người cho rằng việc hỏi tuổi của ai đó là bất lịch sự).
6. Lazy: Lười biếng. Example: He was not stupid, just lazy (Anh ta không ngốc, chỉ lười biếng).
7. Shy: Nhút nhát. Example: My friend was too shy to ask anyone for help (Bạn tôi nhút nhát quá
không biết nhờ ai giúp đỡ).
8. Stupid: Ngu ngốc. Example: I was stupid enough to believe him (Tôi đã đủ ngu ngốc để tin anh ta).
9. Aggressive: Hung hăng, xông xáo. Example: He became increasingly aggressive as the evening
wore on (Anh ta ngày càng trở nên hung hăng khi tối đến).
10. Pessimistic: Bi quan. Example: I think you’re being far too pessimistic (Tôi nghĩ bạn đang quá bi
quan).
11. Reckless: Hấp Tấp. Example: She showed a reckless disregard for her own safety (Cô ấy đã thể
hiện một cách liều lĩnh, coi thường sự an toàn của bản thân).
12. Strict: Nghiêm khắc. Example: He told me in the strictest confidence (Anh ấy nói với tôi với sự tự
tin nghiêm khắc nhất).
13. Stubborn: Bướng bỉnh (as stubborn as a mule). Example: He was too stubborn to admit that he was
wrong (Anh ấy đã quá cứng đầu để thừa nhận rằng anh ấy đã sai).
14. Selfish: Ích kỷ. Example: It was selfish of him to leave all the work to you (Anh ấy thật ích kỷ khi
giao tất cả công việc cho bạn).
15. Mad: Điên, khùng. Example: He seemed to have gone stark raving mad (Anh ấy dường như đã
phát điên).
16. Aggressive: Xấu tính. Example: He became increasingly aggressive as the evening wore on (Anh ta
ngày càng trở nên xấu tính khi buổi tối càng về).
17. Unkind: Xấu bụng, không tốt. Example: She never said anything unkind about anyone (Cô ấy
không bao giờ nói bất cứ điều gì không tốt về bất cứ ai).
18. Unpleasant: Khó chịu. Example: It can be unpleasant to sit next to a group of people arguing (Thật
khó chịu khi ngồi cạnh một nhóm người đang tranh cãi).
19. Cruel: Độc ác. Example: Her eyes were cruel and hard (Đôi mắt của cô ấy thật tàn nhẫn và cứng
rắn).
20. Gruff: Thô lỗ cục cằn. Example: Beneath his gruff exterior, he’s really very kind-hearted (Bên
dưới vẻ ngoài cộc cằn, anh ấy thực sự rất tốt bụng).
21. Insolent: Láo xược. Example: Her tone grew insolent (Giọng điệu của cô ấy trở nên xấc xược).
22. Haughty: Kiêu căng. Example: She threw him a look of haughty disdain (Cô ta ném cho anh ấy
một cái nhìn khinh bỉ ngạo mạn).
23. Boast: Khoe khoang. Example: He openly boasted of his skill as a burglar (Anh ta công khai khoe
khoang kỹ năng làm trộm của mình).
They are very resourceful since they can excellently handle their work while taking care of their families
(Họ rất tháo vát vì họ có thể giải quyết công việc một cách xuất sắc trong khi chăm sóc gia đình).
(Tất cả những gì người con gái Việt Nam đều có nét duyên dáng)
Vietnamese moms are very affectionate towards their kids, despite how old they have grown
(Các bà mẹ Việt Nam rất âu yếm với con cái dù chúng đã lớn bao nhiêu tuổi).
4. Modest (adj): khiêm tốn, thuỳ mị, giản dị
At the workplace, Vietnamese women are very diligent and modest about their achievements
(Tại nơi làm việc, phụ nữ Việt Nam rất siêng năng và khiêm tốn về thành tích của mình).
Vietnamese women are independent and are not afraid to raise their voice whenever necessary
(Phụ nữ Việt Nam độc lập và không ngại lên tiếng bất cứ khi nào cần thiết).
Traditionally, Vietnamese women are mostly family-centric. In the past, family was pretty much all what wrapped
up their life
(Theo truyền thống, phụ nữ Việt Nam chủ yếu lấy gia đình làm trọng tâm. Trong quá khứ, gia đình là tất cả những
gì bao bọc cuộc sống của họ).
Vietnamese women shoulder many a burden and, and as such have grown an significant resilience
(Phụ nữ Việt Nam gánh vác nhiều gánh nặng và nhờ đó đã phát triển một khả năng mạnh mẽ đáng kể).
With their sense of benevolence, they can handle tension and put things at ease
(Với lòng nhân từ, họ có thể giải quyết căng thẳng và giải quyết mọi việc thoải mái).
CỤM TỪ NGHĨA VÍ DỤ
A circle of friends Nhó m bạ n thâ n I really enjoy spending time with my circle of friends.
To take an active role Có /đó ng vai trò tích cự c You should take an active role in protecting your soul in the future.
An on-again, off-again Mố i quan hệ lụ c đụ c, chia Individuals engaging in an on-again, off-again relationship were also
more likely to report the negative aspects of their relationships, such as
relationship tay rồ i lạ i là m là nh uncertainty about the future and communication problems, than their
partner’s inconsistent, long-term relationships.
To lose touch (with sb) Mấ t liên lạ c vớ i ai We lost touch over the years.
To destroy/spoil a You shouldn’t compare your best friends with other people because this
Phá hủ y tình bạ n
friendship act could spoil your friendship.
The family is part of the extended family, and then friends and the
Extended family Đạ i gia đình
wider society.
To fall out with = to Apparently, Gina fell out with Dave last week, and now they’re not
Cã i nhau
have an argument talking to each other at all.
Family gathering Họ p mặ t gia đình I had met her sister at various family gatherings.
To get back together If you want to get back together with your ex, you should think about
Quay lạ i vớ i ngườ i yêu cũ
with your ex the reason why you broke up first.
We’re getting on much better now that we don’t live together. Tom
To get on well with sb Hoà đồ ng vớ i ai đó
doesn’t get on well with my son.
To go back a long way Biết nhau lâ u She and her best friend go back a long way.
To help me through the Giú p đỡ tô i trả i qua thă ng My partner is always by my side to help me through the ups and
ups and downs trầ m cuộ c số ng downs.
To love at first sight Yêu từ cá i nhìn đầ u tiên I’m a romantic and I believe in love at first sight.
To be in a relationship Đang yêu đương vớ i ai I’m in a relationship right now.
To feel lovelorn Thấ t tình After a week of feeling lovelorn and dreamy, he decided to contact her.
To strengthen a You can strengthen your friendship by being the emotional support
Thắ t chặ t tình bạ n
friendship your friend needs and never breaking his or her trust.
To strike up a If you’re lonely, you should go out and try to strike up a friendship
Kết bạ n vớ i ai
friendship with someone you like.
I’d say that all relationships have ups and downs, but if you’re on good
To be on good terms
Có quan hệ tố t vớ i ai đó terms with your friends, you can get over them and maintain a long-
with
lasting friendship
Dầ n trở nên xa cá ch vớ i ai If two people drift apart, they gradually become less friendly and their
To drift apart
đó relationship ends.
To enjoy someone’s
Thích ở bên cạ nh ai đó He enjoys our company and we enjoy his company.
company
To fall head over heels If you fall head over heels in love, plans like these can easily be
Yêu ai say đắ m
in love forgotten.
Nhanh chó ng trở thà nh bạ n We had similar ideas about the show, and the two of us hit it off right
To hit it off
bè tố t away.
To tie the knot Kết hô n Christina and Bill are about to tie the knot.
Unrequited love Yêu đơn phương Erik is well-known for his songs about the pain of unrequited love.
The first couple of meetings are for the doctor and patient to get to
To get to know Bắ t đầ u là m quen
know each other.
Gone Girl the movie plays as the story of a toxic relationship rather
A toxic relationship Mố i quan hệ độ c hạ i
than a good relationship that turned tragically bad.
To work at a Cố gắ ng duy trì mố i quan All relationships have their ups and downs. The point is that we
relationship hệ tố t should work at the relationship rather than give up on it.
I always set aside time at the weekend to come over to visit my best
To cement a friendship Kéo dà i, duy trì tình bạ n
friend to cement our friendship.
Gia đình đầ m ấ m, hạ nh Family is the most important thing in the whole world and we ought to
A close-knit family
phú c prioritize to make it a happy and a close-knit family.
Flesh and blood Ngườ i thâ n, ngườ i nhà While she is not my flesh and blood, she is really like my sister.
Từ + nghĩa Ví dụ
Between the ages of six and twelve, a child reaches what is termed ‘middle childhood’ and they
adolescence (n.) – thờ i niên thiếu
will stay in this phase until they reach adolescence.
adolescent (n.) – thanh thiếu In terms of their cognitive development, adolescents have greater reasoning skills and have
niên developed the ability to think logically and hypothetically.
adulthood (n.) – tuổ i trưở ng In adulthood, hedgehogs meet primarily to mate, producing litters of four or five hoglets as
thà nh often as twice yearly.
childhood (n.) – tuổ i thơ ấ u Studies have shown that stress in adulthood can be related to an unhappy childhood.
growth (n.) – sự lớ n lên, trưở ng As far as physical milestones are concerned, during middle childhood, growth is steady but less
thà nh rapid than during the pre-school years.
Within a year, boys and girls can gain an average of 4.1 inches and 3.5 inches
height (n.) – chiều cao
in height respectively.
This is also a period of enormous physical change and adolescents experience changes in their
infancy (n.) – tuổ i cò n ẵ m ngử a
physical development at a rate unparalleled since infancy.
There was a significant increase in brain size from about 400,000 years ago, and this may
infant (n.) – trẻ sơ sinh
correlate with increasing infant dependence.
The other participants had to periodically shift priorities, improving their skills in one area for
period (n.) – thờ i kì
a period of time while also maximising their success at the other tasks.
phase (n.) – giai đoạ n, thờ i kỳ This growth spurt typically occurs two years earlier for girls than for boys and can tend to make
(phá t triển, biến đổ i) both sexes go through a clumsy phase.
rate (n.) – tố c độ Stress causes the body to burn up calories at a faster than normal rate.
There are some major changes occurring at this stage as baby teeth will come out and
stage (n.) – giai đoạ n
permanent adult teeth wilt grow.
toddler (n.) – đứ a bé mớ i biết đi By the age of two or three. the infant has reached the toddler stage.
The final stage before adulthood is adolescence. This is a period of transition for teenagers and
transition (n.) – sự chuyển tiếp
there are many crucial milestones.
welfare (n.) – đờ i số ng sứ c khỏ e The government has had to cut expenditures in most areas in order to fund the cost of borrowing
và niềm hạ nh phú c and welfare.
The average height is rather below four feet, although many full-grown adults may be found
fully-grown (adj.) – trưở ng thà nh
who are very much smaller than this.
My younger brother is very mature for his age. He doesn’t need my parents to help him with
mature (adj.) – trưở ng thà nh
everything.
From birth, parents can nurture and help develop these social competencies by making eye
develop (v.) – phá t triển
contact with their babies, offering toys and playing with them.
Children who experience a rewarding friendship before the birth of o sibling are likely to have a
endure (v.) – chịu đự ng
better relationship with that brother or sister that endures throughout their childhood.
establish (v.) – hình thà nh I have established a close connection with an older member of my family.
Từ + Nghĩa Ví dụ
A ‘cognitively fluid’ mentality is an ability to link together information from different areas
ability (n.) – nă ng lự c
of our life.
behaviour (n.) – hà nh vi We can potentially track language by looking at the behaviour of other animals.
Within a tenth of a second of seeing an unfamiliar face, we have already made a judgement
character (n.) – tính cá ch about its owner’s character – caring, trustworthy, aggressive, extrovert, competent and so
on.
characteristic (n.) – đặ c điểm, đặ c These yards sprang up either in or around many major cities in the nineteenth century but
tính were particularly characteristic of London.
courage (n.) – lò ng can đả m Courage is not motivated by fearlessness, but by moral obligation.
instinct (n.) – bả n nă ng I don’t think just anyone can be a good parent. Not everyone has the right instincts.
Our memory prefers creating the past from the perspective of how relevant it is to our
memory (n.) – trí nhớ
present situation.
Our bodies and minds not only adapt to the surrounding world, but we actively shape and
mind (n.) – tâ m trí
construct our environment to better suit our needs.
If you think that these transport problems can be solved by building more roads, you
nature (n.) – bả n chấ t
completely misunderstand the nature of the problem.
optimist (n.) – ngườ i lạ c quan Pete, ever the optimist, said things were bound to improve.
originality (n.) – tính độ c đá o I don’t like his style, but you have to admire the originality of his work.
pessimist (n.) – ngườ i bi quan Pessimists point out that every attempt to change the council’s composition has failed.
resemblance (n.) – sự giố ng nhau, Everyone tells me that the physical resemblance between me and my maternal
tương đồ ng grandmother is very striking.
temperament (n.) – tính khí; khí chấ t I think have my father’s temperament – we’re both very stubborn!
trait (n.) – nét tiêu biểu Telling stories is a trait which is common to all nations.
Cognitive fluidity makes it possible for human beings to emerge from the concrete
abstract (adj.) – trừ u tượ ng
situational present and to adopt a more general and abstract approach.
We did not interview females, as they were not vocal and quite apprehensive of appearing
apprehensive (adj.) – e sợ
before strangers.
clumsy (adj.) – vụ ng về I’m always dropping things so some people think I’m a little bit too clumsy.
cognitive (adj.) – liên quan đến nhậ n When it comes to cognitive development, he will be able to find hidden objects easily and
thứ c; dự a trên hiểu biết, kinh nghiệm use objects correctly such as drinking from a cup.
consistent (adj.) – kiên định, nhấ t Our results are consistent with some winners using their prize to take additional risks or
quá n buy luxury goods.
The president said the visit would develop friendly and cooperative relations between the
cooperative (adj.) – sẵ n sà ng hợ p tá c
two countries.
Many people have become cynical about the stage-managed debates between politicians
cynical (adj.) – hoà i nghi
which regularly appear on television.
desirable (adj.) – đá ng thèm muố n Young people may not see popularity as a desirable trait.
eccentric (adj.) – lậ p dị, kì cụ c Such originality as there consists of a variety of eccentric themes.
fond (adj.) – thích, yêu mến I am fond of watching films at home, but I have to say that I prefer films in the cinema.
There is any number of miracle cures on the market for people gullible enough to buy
gullible (adj.) – khờ khạ o, cả tin
them.
idealised (adj.) – lý tưở ng hó a Popular students are not idealised in the way that popular culture sometimes portrays.
independent (adj.) – độ c lậ p He made my job quite difficult because he wasn’t independent at all.
I think it’s irresponsible to carry on causing environmental damage that makes animals
irresponsible (adj.) – vô trá ch nhiệm
suffer.
materialistic (adj.) – duy vậ t; thự c
She is very materialistic. All she cares about is clothes and expensive cars.
dụ ng
patient (adj.) – kiên nhẫ n If you could just be patient for a few more minutes, someone will be with you shortly.
Middle children, on the other hand, are more likely to be rebellious, perhaps in an attempt
rebellious (adj.) – bấ t trị to define themselves as special’ in relation to their more conscientious elder siblings and
agreeable younger siblings.
I suppose the relationship I’ve found most difficult – but ultimately most rewarding – has
rewarding (adj.) – xứ ng đá ng
been my relationship with my younger brother.
self-assured (adj.) – tự tin The interview showed her as a self-assured and mature student.
self-congratulatory (adj.) – tự khen The winners gave themselves a self-congratulatory round of applause.
self-important (adj.) – tự cao I look at these very serious, self-important people, and I just don’t want to be like that.
Today, tattoos are routinely seen on rock musicians, sports stars and other public figures
significant (adj.) – quan trọ ng
who play a significant role in setting the culture’s behaviour patterns.
tactful (adj.) – lịch thiệp They are tactful and attend to the face wants of their friends and themselves.
well-bred (adj.) – có giá o dụ c She was too well-bred to want to hurt the little boy’s feelings.
well-brought-up (adj.) – đượ c nuô i
Despite the family’s problems, the children were well brought up.
dạy tố t
well-dressed (adj.) – ă n diện Here is a well-dressed young man coming along the road with a large parcel.
By the age of two or three. the infant has reached the toddler stage. He has learned to take
express (v.) – bày tỏ , bộ c lộ
turns in games and spontaneously expresses affection.
Từ + Nghĩa Ví dụ
When used appropriately, understanding communication styles can help resolve conflict on
conflict (n.) – mâ u thuẫ n
teams.
connection (n.) – sự kết nố i I have established a close connection with an older member of my family.
fatherhood (n.) – sự là m cha Fatherhood can develop many positive streaks in modern children.
When early friendships are successful, young children get the chance to master sophisticated
friendship (n.) – tình bạ n
social and emotional skills, even more than they do with a parent.
After the festivities are over, the two sisters are dragged to their bedrooms and prepared by
honeymoon (n.) – tuầ n tră ng mậ t
giggling bridesmaids for the first night of their honeymoons.
interaction (n.) – sự tương tá c; sự Children who as preschoolers were able to coordinate play with a friend, manage conflicts, and
ả nh hưở ng lẫ n nhau keep an interaction positive in tone.
In order to secure support for their children, past women needed to present marriage
motherhood (n.) – sự là m mẹ
and motherhood as public, not merely private concerns.
When parents relate to a child, they do a lot of the work, figuring out what the child needs and
parents (n.) – cha mẹ
then accommodating those needs.
Children who experience a rewarding friendship before the birth of a sibling are likely to have a
relationship (n.) – mố i quan hệ
better relationship with that brother or sister chat endures throughout their childhood.
Sundry distant relatives, most of whom I hardly recognized, turned up for my brother’s
relative (n.) – họ hà ng
wedding.
Children who had a positive relationship with a best friend before the birth of
sibling (n.) – anh chị em a sibling ultimately had a good relationship with their sibling that lasted throughout
adolescence.
close (adj.) – gầ n gũ i, thâ n thiết There is a very close bond between a mother and a newborn baby.
We’re a very close-knit family. Even though we don’t live together any more, the family ties are
close-knit (adj.) – gắ n bó
still very strong.
A baby by the end of the first year will enjoy imitating people and will also
parental (adj.) – (thuộ c) cha mẹ
test parental responses to his behaviour.
When parents relate to a child, they do a lot of the work, figuring out what the child needs and
relate (v.) – liên quan đến
then accommodating those needs.
satisfy (v.) – là m hà i lò ng, thỏ a Curiosity is an important human trait, and many academic subjects allow people to satisfy this
mã n need.
inherit (v.) – kế thừ a Luckily, I inherited my father’s mathematical brain.
A Aggressive /əˈɡrɛsɪv/ chỉ tính tình hung hă ng, M Malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/ thâ m độ c, hiểm á c, gian
dữ tợ n manh
Artful /ˈɑrtfl/ Xả o quyệt, tinh ranh Mean /min/ Keo kiệt, bủ n xỉn
B Bad-tempered /ˌbæd ˈtempərd/ Nó ng tính Naive /naɪˈiv/ Ngây thơ, thậ t thà , dễ tin ngườ i
Boastful /ˈboʊstfl/ Khoe khoang, khoá c lá c Naughty /ˈnɔt̮i/ Nghịch ngợ m, quậy phá
Careful /ˈkɛrfl/ cẩ n thậ n chi tiết Observant /əbˈzərvənt/ Tinh ý, hay để ý mọ i thứ
xung quanh
Careless /ˈkɛrləs/ ẩ u tả , vụ ng về, cẩ u thả
Open-minded /ˌoʊpən’maɪndəd/ Phó ng khoá ng,
Cautious /ˈkɔʃəs/ Thậ n trọ ng, cẩ n thậ n cở i mở
Childish /ˈtʃaɪldɪʃ/ Ngây thơ, trẻ con Outgoing /ˈaʊtˌɡoʊɪŋ/ Thâ n mậ t, dễ gầ n, thoả i
má i
Clever /ˈklɛvər/ Khéo léo, thô ng minh, lanh lợ i
Optimistic /ˌɑptəˈmɪstɪk/ có tinh thầ n lạ c quan,
Cold /koʊld/ Lạ nh lù ng
yêu đờ i
Competitive /kəmˈpɛt̮ət̮ɪv/ Ganh đua, thích
cạ nh tranh
Creative /kriˈeɪt̮ɪv/ Sá ng tạ o
Cruel /ˈkruəl/ á c độ c, dữ tợ n, tà n bạ o, nhẫ n
tâ m
D Decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ Quyết đoá n, kiên quyết P Pessimistic /ˌpɛsəˈmɪstɪk/ Bi quan, trong cuộ c
số ng, tiêu cự c
Dependable /dɪˈpɛndəbl/ Đá ng tin cậy
Passionate /ˈpæʃənət/ Nồ ng nà n
Diligent /ˈdɪlədʒənt/ Siêng nă ng, cầ n cù
Patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ Kiên nhẫ n, nhẫ n nạ i, bền chí
Dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/ Nă ng độ ng, nă ng nổ , sô i
nổ i Polite /pəˈlaɪt/ Lịch sự , ý thứ c
Easy-going: dễ tính
F Faithful /ˈfeɪθfl/ Chung thủ y, trung thà nh, R Rational /ˈræʃənl/ có đầ u ó c minh mẫ n, tinh
trung thự c thô ng, sá ng suố t
Frank /fræŋk/ Thẳ ng thắ ng, ngay thẳ ng, bộ c Responsible /rɪˈspɑnsəbl/ thể hiện tính cá ch tinh
trự c thầ n trá ch nhiệm
Funny /ˈfʌni/ Vui vẻ, khô i hà i Rude /rud/ ý chỉ sự thô lỗ , thiếu vă n minh lịch
sự
Gruff /ɡrʌf/ Thô lỗ , cộ c cằ n Shy /ʃaɪ/ Nhú t nhá t, rụ t rè, bẽn lẽn
Introverted: hướ ng nộ i
K Kind /kaɪnd/ Tố t bụ ng, tử tế W Wise /waɪz/ Thô ng thá i, khô n ngoan, sá ng suố t
o All things to all people: ai đó đượ c lò ng tấ t cả mọ i ngườ i. Ví dụ : It is in danger of becoming all things to all
people.
o Party animal: nhữ ng ai rấ t thích tiệc tù ng, xã giao. Ví dụ : Nam’s a real party animal – he likes to dance all night.
o Fat cat: giá m đố c điều hà nh có mứ c lương cũ ng như mứ c thưở ng cao mộ t cá ch vô lý. Ví dụ : There is a lot of public
anger about corporate fat cats and their huge bonuses.
o Couch potato:nhữ ng ngườ i vô cù ng lườ i biếng, khô ng là m gì cả ngày và độ ng tay độ ng châ n và o thứ gì. Ví dụ : It
was the equivalent of a couch potato.
o Dead loss: kẻ vô tích sự , vô dụ ng; là m nhữ ng điều vô ích. Ví dụ : Yesterday’s meeting was a dead loss – nothing
was decided.
o Ugly as sin: ai đó / vậ t nà o đó xấ u xí vô cù ng, khô ng có điểm hấ p dẫ n/ lô i cuố n. Ví dụ : This old car is all beat up
and ugly as sin, but it’s still going strong after 5 years.
o A mover and shaker: nhữ ng ngườ i có quyền uy, có sứ c ả nh hưở ng trong mộ t lĩnh vự c hay hoạ t độ ng nà o đó ;
ngoà i ra cò n chỉ ngườ i có thể giả i quyết đượ c cô ng việc. Ví dụ : Son Tung MTP is a mover and shaker in showbiz
Viet Nam.
o A smart cookie: nhữ ng ngườ i thô ng minh và tà i giỏ i. Ví dụ : My brother won first prize at the science fair. He is
one smart cookie!
o Have/got a heart of gold: rộ ng lượ ng, tố t bụ ng và có trá i tim nhâ n hậ u. Ví dụ : My mother has a heart of gold.