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 Table of Contents
Introduction...........................................................................................................................................3
A. Presenting Data of Wind Speed of Liverpool City in a Table...........................................................4
B. Presenting Wind Speed in Liverpool City in Charts.........................................................................5
1.0 Column Chart..........................................................................................................................5
1.1 Scatter Chart............................................................................................................................5
C. Calculations......................................................................................................................................6
2.0 Finding out Mean....................................................................................................................6
2.1 Finding out the Median...........................................................................................................6
2.2 Finding out the Mode.............................................................................................................7
2.3 Finding out Range...................................................................................................................7
2.4 Calculating the Standard deviation.........................................................................................7
2.5 Forecasting..............................................................................................................................8
D. Conclusion......................................................................................................................................11
E. Reference list..................................................................................................................................11
 Introduction

Throughout the report, I will be presenting the wind speed of ten consecutive days of
Liverpool city in a table and from those data, I will construct two charts i.e. Column chart
and a scatter chart for visualising the data. Then I will calculate the Mean, Median, Mode
and Range.
Further Standard deviation will be calculated to clearly understand the trends of changing
the wind speed. Besides, I will find the wind speed on the 12th and 14th days using the
forecasting method. In this case, I will use the linear forecasting method y = mx +
c(Weisberg, 2017).
 A. Presenting Data of Wind Speed of Liverpool City in a Table

In the following table, there is the data about wind speed in Liverpool city for ten
consecutive days from March 27 to April 5.
No. of Days Average Wind Speed(mph)
1 10.25
2 8.75
3 9.25
4 16.5
5 20.75
6 19.25
7 8.75
8 15.75
9 34.25
10 37.75

Figure: Wind Speed of Ten Consecutive Days In Liverpool (timeanddate.com, 2022)

Source: https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/uk/liverpool/historic
 B. Presenting Wind Speed in Liverpool City in Charts
1.0 Column Chart
From the data of wind speed in Liverpool city collected above, let's prepare a column chart.
The chart is following:

40
35
30
25
20 37.75
mph

34.25
15
19.25 20.75
10 15.75 16.5
8.75 8.75 9.25 10.25
5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Days
Average Wind Speed(mph)

Figure: Column Chart of Wind Speed

1.1 Scatter Chart

A scatter chart is created with smooth lines and markers from the collected data. The chart
is as follows:

Average Wind Speed(mph)

12
10
8
6
mph

4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Days
Average Wind Speed(mph)

Figure: Scatter Chart with smooth line and markers of Wind Speed
 C. Calculations

2.0 Finding out Mean

To calculate the mean of the collected data set, we need to divide the sum of data by the
number of data(Hogg, Mckean and Craig, 2019). That means the use of the following
formula to find out the mean.

The formula for the mean is: µ ¿

∑x
N

µ = Mean
∑ = Sum
x = Individual data value
N = Number of items

10.25+8.75+9.25+ 16.5+20.75+19.25+8.75+15.75+ 34.25+37.75

Hence The mean is =
10

181.25
=
10

= 18.125

From the collected data set of wind speed, we find the number of data is 10 and the sum of
data is 181.25. By dividing the sum that is 181.25 by the number of data that is 10, we find
the mean to be 18.125.

 The Calculated Mean is 18.125

2.1 Finding out the Median

The median is the value that separates the upper and lower halves of data collection in
statistics and probability theory(Morris, 2017).

The following formula is used to find out the median:

N +1
Median =
2

Where,
N = the number of values.
10+1
For this report, the median position is
2
 11
=
2
= 5.5
Hence, the median is the average of the 5th and 6th numbers.

8.75 8.75 9.25 10.25 15.75 16.5 19.25 20.75 34.25 37.75

15.75+16.5
 Median =
2

32.25
=
2

= 16.125

So the median value is 16.125 from the average value of value in the 5th and 6th positions.

2.2 Finding out the Mode

Mode is the data that is most frequent in the data set(Morris, 2017).

In this case the most used value is 8.75

10.25 8.75 9.25 16.5 20.75 19.25 8.75 15.75 34.25 37.75

From the table of data, it can easily be seen that 8.75 is used twice which is the most frequent
value in this data set.

The mode for this data set is 8.75

2.3 Finding out Range

Range means the value of a given data set calculated by subtracting the lowest value from the
highest value(Hogg, Mckean and Craig, 2019).

Hence, The formula is: Range = highest value – the lowest value

The range for the wind speed of Liverpool city is: ( 37.75 – 8.75 ) = 29

 The range is 29

2.4 Calculating the Standard deviation

The standard deviation is a measurement that measures the degree of variation or dispersion
in a set of numbers(Heiny, 2018). A low standard deviation implies that the values are close
to the set's mean, whereas a high standard deviation suggests that the values are dispersed
over a larger range(Heiny, 2018).

To calculate the standard deviation, the below formula is used.

σ=
√ ∑ (x ¿−µ)2 ¿
N

Here,

σ = Standard deviation
µ = Mean
∑ = Sum
x = Individual data value
No. of Days Average Wind µ (x-μ) ( x - μ )2
Speed(mph), x
1 10.25 18.125 -7.875 62.016
2 8.75 18.125 -9.375 87.891
3 9.25 18.125 -8.875 78.766
4 16.5 18.125 -1.625 2.641
5 20.75 18.125 2.625 6.891
6 19.25 18.125 1.125 1.266
7 8.75 18.125 -9.375 87.891
8 15.75 18.125 -2.375 5.641
9 34.25 18.125 16.125 260.016
10 37.75 18.125 19.625 385.141
N= 10 ∑ (x ¿−µ)2 ¿ = 978.16
N = Number of items

σ=
√ ∑ (x ¿−µ)2 ¿
N

=
√ 978.16
10

= √ 97.816

= 9.89

The standard deviation for this case is 9.89

2.5 Forecasting
To forecast the wind speed of the 12th and 14th days, will use the linear forecasting model

y = mx + c

N ∑ xy −∑ x ∑ y
Here, m= 2
N ∑ x −¿ ¿

∑ = Sum of / Total

x = Independent variable

y = Dependent variable

N = Number of items

∑ y−m ∑ x
c= N
∑ = Sum of / Total

x = Independent variable

y = Dependent variable

N = Number of items

No. of Days(x) Average Wind xy ( x )2

Speed(mph), y
1 10.25 10.25 1

2 8.75 17.5 4

3 9.25 27.75 9

4 16.5 66 16

5 20.75 103.75 25

6 19.25 115.5 36

7 8.75 61.25 49

8 15.75 126 64

9 34.25 308.25 81

10 37.75 377.5 100

∑ x = 55 ∑ y = 181.25 ∑ xy = 1213.75 ∑x 2
= 385
 10× 1213.75−55 ×181.25
m=
10× 385−¿ ¿
12137.5−9968.75
=
3850−3025
2168.75
=
825
= 2.63

c=
∑ y−m ∑ x
N
181.25−2.63 ×55
=
10
36.6
=
10
= 3.66
Hence, the forecasted value of wind speed for the days 12th and 14th will be

For day 12: y = m x + c = 2.63×12+ 3.66 = 35.22

For day 11: y = m x + c = 2.63×14+ 3.66 = 40.48

So the forecasted wind speed for day 12 is 35.22 and for day 14 is 40.48
 D. Conclusion

The wind speed of 10 consecutive days in Liverpool city has been collected for preparing
this report, and a table was created with all of the data. A Column Chart and a scatter Chart
were created from the collected data. The mean, median, mode, and range were calculated
from the table's data. Variation was also evaluated since it is essential and needed to calculate
Standard deviation.

At the end of this study, the forecasting was done for days 12 and 14.
 E. Reference list

Heiny, K. (2018). Standard Deviation. 2nd ed. Cuisine Inc.

Hogg, R.V., Mckean, J.W. and Craig, A.T. (2019). Introduction to mathematical statistics.
10th ed. Boston: Pearson.

Morris, R. (2017). Measures of dispersion. 6th ed. London: Stillit Books.

timeanddate.com (2022). Past Weather in Liverpool, England, United Kingdom — Yesterday

or Further Back. [online] www.timeanddate.com. Available at:
https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/uk/liverpool/historic [Accessed 10 Apr. 2022].

Weisberg, S. (2017). Applied linear regression. 12th ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.