Read each topic carefully. Then, answer the activities that follow.

OPINION VS ASSERTION

Opinion Assertion
Subjective Objective
Not necessarily based on facts or evidence Supported by evidence or logical reasoning
Personal belief or judgment Presented as a fact or truth

Opinion is a personal belief or judgment about a particular matter. It is a subjective viewpoint that is
influenced by an individual’s experiences, emotions, and values. It is not necessarily based on facts or
evidence, but rather on personal feelings and perspectives.
Examples:
In my opinion, the committee’s decision was not well thought out.
The organization is better off without him.

Assertion is a statement that is presented as a fact or truth. It is a claim that is supported by evidence or
logical reasoning. It is objective and verifiable, and can be proven or disproven.
Examples:
The study shows that regular exercise can improve mental health.
It is a fact that the Earth revolves around the sun.

CLAIM
Claim - a single statement
- the topic of an argument
- the central argument of the text
- what the writer tries to prove in the text

Types of Claims:

1. Claim of Fact
A claim of fact asserts that something is true or false. It focuses on verifiable information.
Guide Questions:
Can we investigate it through research or interview?
Did it happen?
Example:
"The Earth orbits the sun" is a claim of fact. This statement is verifiable through scientific evidence and can
be objectively confirmed.
Additional examples:
The Earth is the third planet from the Sun.
Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius at sea level.
The capital of France is Paris.
Oxygen is essential for human survival.

2. Claim of Value

English 10 Second Quarter 1

A claim of value expresses a subjective judgment on the worth or merit of something. It argues that
something is good or bad, right or wrong.
Guide Questions:
Is it good or bad?
Is it valuable or not valuable?
Example:
"Bullying is bad" is a claim of value. The judgment of emotional power is subjective and varies from person
to person.
More examples:
Capital punishment is unjust.
It is wrong to use social media to bully people.
Classical literature is more enriching than popular fiction.
Personal freedom is more important than societal order.

3. Claim of Policy
A claim of policy proposes a course of action or a change in a current policy or practice. It suggests what
should be done and often addresses problems or issues.
Guide Question:
What should be done?
Example:
"The government should invest more in renewable energy sources" is a claim of policy. It advocates for a
specific action (increased investment in renewable energy) to address an issue (reducing reliance on non-
renewable resources).
Additional examples:
Governments should invest more in public transportation to reduce traffic congestion.
Schools should implement comprehensive sex education programs.
Smoking should be banned in all public places.
Mandatory recycling programs should be implemented nationwide.

MULTIMODAL TEXTS

Multimodal texts are those that combine different modes of communication, such as text, images, sound,
and video, to convey meaning. Here are some common multimodal text types along with examples:

1. Infographics:
Example: An infographic about climate change that includes text, charts, and images to present information
visually.
2. Video Documentaries:
Example: A documentary film on wildlife conservation that combines spoken narration, interviews, and
visual footage.
3. Interactive Websites:
Example: A museum website that allows users to explore exhibits through images, videos, and interactive
features.
4. Podcasts:
Example: A podcast discussing historical events with a combination of spoken words, interviews, and
background music.
5. Graphic Novels:

English 10 Second Quarter 2

Example: "Maus" by Art Spiegelman, which uses a combination of images and text to tell a compelling story
about the Holocaust.
6. Slideshows:
Example: A presentation on space exploration using slides with text, images, and embedded videos.
7. Augmented Reality (AR) Applications:
Example: An AR app that overlays historical information on a user's smartphone screen when pointed at a
specific monument.
8. Interactive Maps:
Example: A map app that not only provides directions but also includes additional information, images, and
reviews for various locations.
9. Social Media Posts:
Example: A Twitter post that combines text, images, and hashtags to convey a message or share
information.
10. E-books with Multimedia:
Example: An e-book for children that includes interactive elements, audio narration, and animated
illustrations.

Modes of Communication
There are five (5) modes of communication such as linguistic, visual, spatial, audio, and gestural. A
combination of two or more of these modes in a text is called a multimodal. (A text may be defined as
multimodal when it combines two or more modes in various combinations within the same text and where
all modes are attended to as part of meaning-making.)

1. Linguistic-this include the vocabulary, structure, grammar or oral language. It refers to the written or
spoken words. Linguistic is probably the most widely used mode, because it can be both read and heard,
on both paper and audio. The linguistic mode is the best way to express details and lists. Examples are
quotes and speeches.

2. Visual-refers to the color, vectors and viewpoint in stable and moving images. It refers to the images and
characters that people see. This mode includes color, layout, style, size, and perspective. This is common
in shot framing, subject distance and angle, camera movement and subject movement such as a video
films, film promotions, cartoons, advertisements and etc.

3. Audio (aural)-this is the music and sound effects such as the volume, pitch and rhythm. Examples of
these are the noises, both ambient and silence. We hear sounds around us, and these sounds can elicit
thoughts, memories, feelings, and emotions (e.g. a siren signifies danger or emergency). Sound is
integrated and function more than a decoration for a picture, website, and video game. They often interact
with each other, creating a dynamic learning experience of the learners.

4. Gestural-the non-verbal expressions such as movement, facial expression and body language. The
gestural mode refers to the way movement is interpreted. Facial expressions, hand gestures, body
language, and interaction between people are all gestural modes. This has always been important in face-
to-face conversations and in theater, but it has become more apparent on the web lately with the wide use
of YouTube and other video players.
Here are some non-verbal movements that you should know to interpret body language:

English 10 Second Quarter 3

 Facial expressions. The human face is extremely expressive, able to convey countless emotions
without saying a word. And unlike some forms of nonverbal communication, facial expressions are
universal.
 Body movement and posture. Consider how your perceptions of people are affected by the way they
sit, walk, stand, or hold their head. This type includes your posture, bearing, stance, and the subtle
movements you make.
 Eye contact. Since the visual sense is dominant for most people, eye contact is an especially
important type of nonverbal communication. The way you look at someone can communicate many
things, including interest, affection, hostility, or attraction.
 Touch. We communicate a great deal through touch. Think about the quite different messages given
by a weak handshake, a warm bear hug, a patronizing pat on the head, or a controlling grip on the
arm, for example.

5. Spatial-these are the proximity, direction, and organization of objects in space or environment.It is about
the physical arrangement, organization, and proximity of the text. One example of this is often a brochure,
and how it is folded and organized.

English 10 Second Quarter 4

Write only the answer in 1/2 crosswise.

Activity 1. Opinion vs Assertion

Determine whether the given statement is an opinion or assertion.

1. Traditional medicine is just as effective as modern medicine.

2. The human body has 206 bones.
3. Water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
4. Rewind is the most successful movie in Philippine cinema.
5. The speed of light is approximately 299,792 kilometers per second.

Activity 2. Types of Claims

Identify the type of claim.

1. Cheating is unethical.
2. Outdoor activities are more beneficial for children than indoor activities.
3.The Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776.
4.Internet service providers should be regulated to ensure net neutrality.
5.Honesty is a more valuable trait than intelligence.
6.The Great Wall of China is visible from space.
7.The death penalty should be abolished.
8.The use of plastic bags should be banned to reduce environmental impact.
9.Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world.
10.All citizens should be required to vote in elections.

Activity 3. Multimodal Texts

A. Identify the mode of communication of the identified features.
1. volume of voice 6. grammar or oral/written language
2. organization of objects in space 7. facial expression
3. vocabulary structure 8. viewpoint in moving images
4. rhythm of music 9. position of layout
5. sound effects 10. colors and vectors
B. Identify the mode of communication used in the following situations.
11. Observing the mysterious box in his hands, Alex's friend questioned him, leading Alex to explain, "Oh,
it's just the prototype for my latest invention, a solar-powered gadget.”
12. Descending the staircase for an early morning coffee, Mark picked up a folded map from the kitchen
counter. Seated at the table, he unfolded it, marveling at the vivid and well-arranged landmarks displayed
on the city guide.
13. The distant strains of a melodic saxophone, echoing through the city at 8:00 PM, caught Jake's
attention as he sat on his balcony. Intrigued, he leaned forward to listen and soon found himself immersed
in the soulful tunes, unaware of the bustling street life below.
14. As the teacher explained the concept, Maria, with a furrowed brow, nodded in understanding and then
mimicked the process with expressive hand gestures to ensure her classmates grasped the idea.
15. In the art gallery, Sarah marveled at the vibrant hues and intricate brushstrokes of the masterpiece,
absorbing the visual narrative that unfolded before her eyes.

English 10 Second Quarter 5

Important Announcement: Schedule of impromptu speaking is tomorrow, January 17, 2024. Topics will be
anchored on the different core values.
You can use any of the following methods in your speech delivery.
PREP method
Point: State your main point or key message.
Reason: Provide a reason or justification for your point.
Example: Offer an example or illustration to support your reason.
Point: Reiterate your main point or conclude your response.

SPAR Method
Situation: Set the stage by describing the current situation or context.
Problem: Identify the issue or challenge at hand.
Analysis: Offer an analysis or examination of the problem.
Resolution: Propose a resolution or solution to the problem.

ORID Method
Objective: Discuss the facts or objective aspects of the topic.
Reflective: Share personal reflections or experiences related to the topic.
Interpretive: Provide your interpretation or analysis of the subject matter.
Decisional: Conclude with potential actions or decisions related to the topic.

STAR Method
Situation: Describe the situation or context.
Task: Explain the task or challenge you faced.
Action: Outline the actions you took to address the situation.
Result: Share the results or outcomes of your actions.

5 W's and H Method

Who: Identify the key individuals or groups involved.
What: Describe the main actions or events.
When: Specify the timeframe or relevant time details.
Where: Provide the location or context.
Why: Explain the reasons or motivations.
How: Discuss the methods or processes involved.

PEP-C Method
Point: State your main point or thesis.
Example: Provide an example or illustration to support your point.
Point: Reinforce or restate your main point.

PRAISE Method
Pause: Take a brief pause before responding to gather your thoughts.
Relax: Keep yourself relaxed and composed during the speech.
Adjust: Be flexible and adjust your approach as needed.
Incorporate: Include relevant information and examples.
Speak Clearly: Ensure clarity in your speech.
End Positively: Conclude your impromptu speech on a positive note.

English 10 Second Quarter 6