Mid-term examination Course: L$1204 (Full marks: 20) Ans» the following questions. Each question has an alternative option; you can attempt either. (5-18) in the presence of sufficient growth 1. Writea detailed note on the G1-S checkpoint progres factors. Or Explain, with the help of a diagram, how chromosomal nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes results in the development of either Turner or Klinefelter syndrome. 2. Describe the various stages of Prophase I. (Provide a diagram for each stage) or Describe codominance, incomplete dominance, and polygenic inheritance with examples. 3. Differentiate between class I and class II transposable elements only with a diagram. Theoretically differentiate between autonomous and non-autonomous transposable elements. Or ‘What are the seven pairs of contrasting characters of a pea plant that Mendel selected for conducting his experiments? What are the first and second laws of Mendelian inheritance? Briefly describe the test cross and back cross with an example of your own. or Briefly describe how p53 help in cell eycle progression. Write a short note on the importance of the spindle assembly checkpoint. Neyo on Bumr 24/9123. he inheritance ofa trait The given pedigree shows t ) 1 2 3 4 : The following derivations are made from the pedigree chart of the rare disease: A. The trait can be Y-linked because I-parent produced II-child B. The trait cannot be X-linked recessive because [1-4 parent produced IHJ-1 and II- children C. The trait can be X-linked dominant because I-1 parent produced II-5 child. D. The trait is unlikely to be autosomal recessive because II-6 and II-7 parents produced TI-4 child E. The trait may be autosomal dominant, Which one of the following options represents a combination of all correct statements? a. BDE b. ABD ec AC d. BCD 3 " iS he ain 0 d § i 7 ay) oO Identify the type of pedigree of the disease and write the genotypes. Note that the disease is not a rare disease. a. Autosomal recessive b. Autosomal dominant+ (answer any five), (1X5= Multiple choice question 1. Mutation occurs during whieh of the follo a, Replication of DNA b. DNA repair d. None of the above 2. Choose the incorreet answer. a, Transposition is a type of mutation. b, During transitional mutation, Only Adenine is replaced by Guanine and vice versa. Point mutation involves substitution, insertion and deletion of a single nucleotide. Missense mutation changes Open Reading Frame. 3. Concentration of Cyclin A peaks during- a. GI phase b. S phase G2 phase dM phase 4. Turner’s syndrome is caused by a. Presence of extra copy of chromosome . Presence of extra segment in the X chromosome Absence of one X chromosome d, None of the above 5. Nature of DNA replication a. Conservative b. Semi-conservative ¢. Dispersive d. Allof above jenomena? 6. Mirabilis jalapa can be used as an example of which a, Codominance b. Incomplete don ¢. Polygenie inher d. None of the aboveIdentify A and B. Centomere, Telomere b. Centrosome, P arm c. Telomere, Centromere 4d. Chromatid, CentromereTime: 1 Hours and 30 Mi id Research, Kolkata te of Seience Indian In jon, Spring 2023 ses (ES1201) Mid s Earth System Proce Total Marks: 30 tes Student ID: Name: Note: You need to submit the question paper along with the answers sheet. Please make sure to properly attach it According to Wien’s law: é A. The Sun’s radiation peaks in the infrared range, and the Earth's radiation peaks in the visible light range. B. The Sun’s radiation peaks in the UV range. CC. The Barth’s radiation peaks in the UV range. D. The Sun’s radiation peaks in the visible light range, and the Earth's radiation peaks in the infrared range. Greenhouse effect is: A. a.warming of a planet surface because greenhouse gases absorb outgoing infrared radiation and reradiate some of it back toward the planet surface. B. a warming of Earth’s atmosphere due to the increase of solar luminosity. C. the same as global warming. D. a.warming of Earth’s atmosphere caused by anthropogenic forcing, Atmospheric CO, concentration can be altered by ‘A. anthropogenic forcing, such as burning of fossil fuel. B, Natural process, such as volcanic eruption, C. living plants that cycle the CO back and forth. D. Allof these. The three major factors that determine the Earth’s surface temperature are A. size of the Earth, the Earth’s albedo, and distance from the Sun, B. mass of the Earth, the Earth’s albedo, and distance from the Sun. C. distance from the Sun, the Earth’s albedo, and greenhouse effect. D. greenhouse effect, distance from the Sun and the size of the Earth. ‘The south-easterly and north-easterly trade winds at the surface result from ‘A. winds blowing from subtropical high surface pressure to tropical low pressure without effects of the Earth's rotation. B. winds blowing from subtropical low surface pressure to tropical without effeets of the Earth’s rotation, C. winds blowing from subtropical high surface pressure to tropical low pressure under the influence of the Earth’s rotation. Pressure 0.5 Marks: 0.5 Marks 0.5 Marks: 0.5 Marks 0.5 MarksD. winds blowing from subtropical low surface pressure to tropical high pressure : ce of the Earth’s rotation. ; vi. eli aha at iarge volcanic eruptions, the earth’s surface temperature: Os va A. Increases due to increased CO. \ B. Decreases due to decreased C02. ; C. Decreases due to increased $0, aerosols, which reflect sclar radiation. D. Increases due to increased $02. Vit Due to the uplifting effects, strong precipitations are generally observed in the vicinity of A. ITCZ, subtropical high-pressure region, and leeward (downwind) slopes of the mountains, B. Polar front zone, subtropical high-pressure region, and windward slopes of mountains, C- the ITCZ, polar front zone, and windward (upwind) slopes of mountains. D. ITCZ, polar front zone, and subtropical high-pressure regions. 0.5 Marks, Because of the land-ocean heat capacity contrasts, seasonal variab ity of temperature 0.5 Marks A. is the greatest in the tropical ocean and smallest in the interior of large continental masses, @ B. is the smallest in the tropical ocean and largest in the interior of large conti: masses. C. has similar amplitudes over land and ocean, D. is the largest in the tropical ocean and smallest in high latitude continent, ix. Formation of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) is suggested to be mainly dueto 0.5 Marks A. increased salinity because of evaporation exceeding precipitation B. wintertime surface cooling and sea-ice formation. C. strong winds cause deep ocean currents. D. strong freshwater input from rivers. x. An increased surface temperature of the Earth will 0.5 Marks ‘A. increase water vapor in the atmosphere which will further increase the Earth's surface temperature. B. decrease water vapor in the atmosphere, which will further increase the Earth’s surface temperature. C. increase water vapor in the atmosphere, which will decrease the Earth’s surface @ ntal temperature. D. D. decrease water vapor in the atmosphere, which will decrease the Earth's surface temperature, Please mention the correct option in the following table: Question i ii iii iv v vi vii_|_ viii | ix Correct Option HAEiii iv. ii, Briefly discuss how the southeasterly and northeasterly trade winds are affected by seasonal variations, Briefly explain the perturbation and foreing with appropriate examples, Explain why the seasonal temperature range is less in the coastal regions than it is several hundred kilometers inland. Explain the bottom water formation. What are the processes that drive the circulation of the deep oceans? Briefly discuss Walker circulation and El Nifio events, What is. ifio events. Southern Oscillation Index? Discuss the most dramatic climatic impact of El Solar luminosity at the time when the Solar System formed is estimated to have been 30% lower than today. If Earth’s albedo was the same as it is now (A=0.3), what would have been its effective radiating temperature at that time? (Given the solar constant $ = 1370 W/m? and Stefan Boltzmann constant o = 5.67x10°% W/m?K*). ion with altitude in Earth’s atmosphere. Explain the thermal vari Discuss three processes that produce uplift of air in the atmosphere and are important in causing precipitation. Discuss why 02 and Nz are not greenhouse gases but COz, CH,,and H20 are? Also discuss how atmosphere (specifically three kinds of oxygen: 0, 02, and Os) protect us from harmful ultraviolet (short, intermediate, and long wavelengths) radiation. Briefly explain the formation of ocean gyres. What are upwelling and downwelling ‘and where do they occur? Discuss the formation of geostrophic current. 2 Marks 2 Marks 2 Marks 2 Marks 2 Marks 3 Marks 3 Marks: 3 Marks 3 Marks: 3 Markss 1, MA1201 sster 2023 nination Mathen Spring Sen Mid Semester B Time: Th 30min, Total Marks: [20]. Note: No marks will be given even to a right answer, but without proper and clear justifications: 1. Let A, = (2— 4,54 4) forn € N. Then find the set MR, AG, where A’ is the complement of the set A, i.c., AT = \ A. 2] 2, Prove that any nonempty subset of a countable infinite set is also countable. (4) 3. Show that limy-s0o ie 4. Let lims00 2’ = 0 and {y,} be a bounded sequence. Then prove that Timysoo nn = O- GB) 5. Find the value of 7%.) srtgz- 4) 6. Test the convergence of the series 5°, + log(#=4)]. [4] afos|22MA1202: Mid-Semester Examination Duration: 2 PM - 3:30 PM Name: Full Marks: 20 IDNumbers Attempt all questions. Please submit the question paper with the answer script. 1. Solve the 2nd order ODE +) +e ti itial conditic y(0) =0 & y(0)=0. satisfying the initial conditions y(0) yO eer 2. Let y, & y, be the fundamental solutions of y” + y’ + O(Dy Find the Wronskian W,,,,(1) for a function Q(t) = sin(t). 4 Marks. 3. Determine inverse of the matrix 1 0 =1 -1-1 1 -1 2 0 4 Marks 4, Find the basis of the Null Space of the matrix 1 3 -2 -4 -1 3°71 4 4 217 7 ~=5 4 Marks 5. For alla > 0 determine all singular and regular-singular points of the ODE 3(x — ay” — 2x - aly’ + 3xy = 0. 4 Marks, orPH1201 Midterm Examination Duration : 2 — 3:30PM TOTALMARKS : 20 Derivation is not required in this question. A clear description of the notation is desired, You may use diagrams (a) Consider an infinitely long thin wire carrying current J placed along the 2- axis of a coordinate system. Write the expression of magnetic field at any general coordinate point using the spherical polar coordinate system, (b) Write the expression of electric field due to a point charge Q placed at the origin of a coordinate system at any general coordinate point using the cylindrical coordinate system. [1+2) Evaluate (a) (a? + 52 +9)(6(3 — 2) +63 + 2))de (b) f(r? +77 -7% + 12)5°(F— F5)dV, where V is the volume of a sphere centered at origin of radius § and 7, = 3i and Fj = 67 (+2) Electric field in a region of space is given by B = yi + 2yzj +3xk. Find the total charge enclosed inside a cuboid bounded by the planes « = 0,2 = 6,y = —2,y = 2,2 =0,2=3. Take ¢, = 1 in some arbitrary units 3] For the vector field 3 = 2i +3}, evaluate f.a- dr, where the path C is shown as dashed lines in the figure below. The curved portions in the figure are circular 8)5. For vector field = yi +25) + gusk, evaluate the integral {o(V x 0)-dS, where S is the triangular area shown below. cS P) 107") {3} 6. Verify the validity of "Divergence Theorem” for the vector field B= rsin(O)F + 4r2cos(0)6 + rtan(O)d ‘over the volume of an ‘ice cream cone’ formed by the intersection of a cone of angle @, and sphere of radius R with center at the origin, as shown in the figure below. Show all intermediate steps in details. 8] KeFr neennrTTnDr Prarie rrr eae eager eerie eer ee ee ere End-Semester Exam: Introductory Biologyll (LS1201 Libsang Gp}. Date: 01/07/2023 Total Marks: 20 Instructor: Dr, Sreeramaiah N. Gangappa ~ Duration: 2 hours 30 min PART-A- Answer all the following questions. 1. List at least five key contributions of Bateson in the field of Genetics.(2.5) 2. Differentiate between penetrance and expressivity with an example. (2.5) 3. What is the difference between linkage and crossing over?(2.0) 4, When a breeder crossed two inbred lines of sweet peas with white flowers, and in the F, generation, he found that all the offspring had purple flowers. However, when he selfed them in the F, generation, he could see purple and white flowered plants segregate in definite ratios. Answer the following questions? (5.0) ‘8. Which genetic interaction are we talking about in this case? (1/2) b, What should be the genotype of parents? (1/2) c. Derive the genotypic and phenotypic ratio when a purple flower (heterozygous for both the loci) plant is self-crossed. (3.0) 4. How is this different from the typical Mendelian dihybrid ratio? (1.0) 5. What is Chi-square test? What is its significance in genetics? (3.0) PART-B (MCQ- Answer all the following questions)(5.0) 1, The geometrical device that helps to find out all the possible combinations of male and female gametes is known as a. Morgan Cube b. Mendel Square c. Bateson Square d. Punnett Square 2. Mendel's findings were rediscovered by which of the following scientists? @. Carl Correns, Erich von Tschermak and William Bateson b. Hugo DeVries, Erich von Tschermak and William Bateson c. Carl Correns, Erich von Tschermak and Hugo DeVries ¢. Charles Darwin, Thomas Morgan, William Bateson 3. In the humans ABO blood group system, if a person of type-B blood (Heterozygous) has children with @ person of type-AB blood, what blood types could their children have? 2. Type-AB, type-A, and type-O b. Type-AB, type-A, and type-B ©. Type-B, type-A, and type-O 4. Type-AB, type-A, type-B and type-O 4. Which of the following is true for "Phenotype"? 2. Its the organism's observable characteristics or traits b. Itis the organism's morphology or physical form and structure ¢. ILis the organism's biochemical and physiological propertios 4, Alllof the above . af 8. Which of the following is wrong about cell theory? a. Cells can only arise from pre-existing cells b. Itwas proposed by Robert Hooke in 1665 ¢. Allliving organisms are composed of one or more cells 4. It was proposed by Theodor Schwann and Jakob Schleiden in 1838 Paral — cael aeIntroduction to Biology II (LS1201) End semester Examination (Part 2) Total time: 1.5 hour Sumana Annagiri Total marks: 30 Instructors: Anindita Bhad , to the point ng this gradation and diversity of structure in one small, intimately related group of is, one might really fancy that from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one species had been taken and modified for different ends”. @ Whois the author of this quote? Gi) Which bird and which archipelago are being discussed here? (iii) What feature of the bird has most strikingly “been taken and modified for different ends”? How? (iv) What kind of speciation occurred on these islands? (1414142) 2. Some shrimps showed a strange behaviour. They guarded the nests of other shrimps and did not reproduce themselves, Can you comment on what you think is occuring in case? Suggest one experiment that can be conducted to understand what is happening here (+3) 3. Answer any five: (XS =15) (@ Consider a population of lizards in island A and another population in island B. This, lizard shows epigamic selection. Researchers found that all factors affecting lizards on the two islands were equal, except for the number of parasites. The lizards on island B had 10 times higher parasitic load as compared to the other island, What would you expect in terms of secondary sexual characters among males (males have a bright colour patch on their throat)? Would you expect males on island A to have brighter and larger colour patches on their throat as compared to island B males? Give reasons for your answer. ‘Assumption — Parasite load has been high for several thousands of years in island B. (i) “Dogs were the first domesticated species, originating at least 15,000 y ago from Eurasian gray wolves. Dogs today consist primarily of two specialized groups—a diverse set of nearly 400 pure breeds and a far more populous group of free-ranging animals adapted to a human commensal lifestyle (village dogs). Village dogs are more genetically diverse and geographically widespread than purebred dogs making them vital for unraveling dog population history.” This is an excerpt from the abstract of Shannon et al. (2015), published in PNAS. The study revealed a greater genetic diversity in the free-ranging dogs across the world that in the various breeds studied. Explain why. (iii) Why are sexual displays/oramentations costly?(iv) A tsunami caused major alterations in the habitats on an island. A team of researchers studying the biodiversity of the isalnd noticed a four-fold inerease in salinity of the only hwater lake on the island. Most of the fishes living in the lake perished. However, one species of fish survived and thrived in the new environment. ‘The only predators of the fish were seagulls. Another feam of researchers returned to th 1er 70 years to find that the lake had much reduced salinity and 7 species of fish, There were also two new species of fish-cating birds on the istand, which had only existed in the mainland before. Using a Aowchart, explain a possible sequence of events which could explain their observations. lan ) The ancestors of carnivorous mammals such as lions, tiger etc. had ordinary claws for ing the flesh of their preys. As the latter gained in running, the carnivorous mammals also had to run fast, for which claws were a hindrance. The animals, therefore, developed retractile claws. Which evolutionary theory does this argument support? Explain your answer. w (vi) _A certain species of lizards are found in South-cast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, parts of South Africa, Fossils of a closely related species are found in Africa, South America and Antarctica. Can you explain these observations with a flowchart. 4. Answer any three: @GX2=6) Birds which mate promiscuously tend to have more species than those that form pair bonds. Why? (ii) The image shows two kinds of eggs in a single nest. Can you explain why the eggs are different? What is this phenomenon called? (ii) Look at the image provided and give one proximate and one ultimate question that a researcher can ask to understand this phenomenon. (iv) Ina Take, there was a species of fish that grew rapidly due to absence of predators. ‘Competition for resources began to increase. A set of individuals acquired a mutati that allowed them to explore greater depths than the original population, and they started exploiting new resources. After 100 years, there were two species of closely related fish in the lake. Which kind of speciation has occurred in this lake? Explain with a diagram. this statement? (¥) “Genetic variation is the foundation of evolution.” Do you agree Defend your answer with an example.SS ‘ PH1201: Electricity and Magnetism ENDSEM EXAMINATION 28 JUNE 2023 10AM -12:30PM TOTAL MARKS 50 1. (i) The Maxwells’s Equations in differential form are expressed using a non-standard GxP=-2,F- Pas notation as follows: we aP 9x B= to( 4+ eo5¢ ): ee Rewrite the Maxwell's equations in integral form using the same notation. (ii) Two point charges Q; and Q> are placed at Fyand 7 in some coordinate system. What is the average electrostatic potential over the surface of a sphere of radius R, center at origin? Both charges are outside the sphere. Explain your answer. (iii) An ideal solenoid whose axis taken to be the z-axis, is carrying circumferential surface current K,@. How will you place an infinite plane carrying uniform surface current of suitable magnitude and direction so that the net field inside the solenoid is zero and uniform outside. Explain with a rough sketch. [44343] (i) State the Uniqueness Theorem of Electrostatics in your own words. (ii) Apply the theorem to derive the distribution of induced charge density on an infinitely large conducting grounded plane due to a point charge Q placed a distance / from the plane. [248] (i) Explain in your own words the “Divergence Theorem” in the context of vector field analysis. (ii) Verify the validity of the Divergence Theorem for the vector field B =r? sin(@)# + 4r? cos(6) 6 + rtan(@)d over the “ice-eream cone” shown in Figurel. Show each steps in details. ven 3 = 22 1 ove [Given V5 = 5, (77) + ae rane 20 35 (6in(8) va) +s Fain) 00! [248] A non-planner loop of conducting wire consisting of three mutually perpendicular quarter-circular segments of radius R, as show in the Figure 2. A steady current / flows through the loop which is placed in a uniform magnetic field # = 37 + 57 + 7k. Find the net torque acting on the loop. 15] Gam¢ 5. A square loop of conducting Wire ABCD of side u is placed beside an infinitely long straight conducting wire ata distanee / from one edge of the square as shown in Figure 3. The straight wire and the square loop carry steady currents of J; and [> respectively ti) Find foree acting on each side of the square loop due to the magnetic field generated by the straight wire. (ii) For the same configuration, find the flux of magnetic field generated by the siraight wire enelosed by the square lap. [6+4] 6. Charge is distributed over a thin ring of radius R in the xv-coordinate plane with center at the origin, such that the cha -ge per unit length varies as = Aycos (). whered is the azimuthal angle. Derive the expression of electric field vector at any general point on the (5) Figure 3 (Question 3) Page 2 of 2End Semester Exam-£51201- Earth System Processes Time-s Max Marks-50 5 hours This Answer script contains 15 questions. Al questions are compulsory. Marks for each question Nas been indicated. A calculator is allowed. For multiple-choice, just tick the most appropriate answer: Pleaxe write your nswers within the space provided for short answer-type questions. Submit the whale document. Q7 to Q16 are multiple choice and each carries 2 marks. Roll number: Name: 1. What would happen to the ratio W/W of the core and mantle, if core formation is within () SOMa of the start of the solar system or (i) the core formation is after 150 Ma? Explain: (6] 2. What would be the ratio of ?°Xe/90Xe in the mantle if degassing has occurred as 2 single event at 50 Ma or at 150 Ma after the formation of the Solar System? (6)0) 3, half-life of U®* is 0.8 Ga and assuming age of the earth is 7484, what percentage of the heat production is going on today (of the initial production st $4-Ga)- (4) a) 4, Assuming melt is able to connect in the magma ocean, taking a grain radius, a, of 10 m (2 mm), © of 0.3 (30% volume melt), Ap of 3500 kg m’®, g of 9.8 m s (the acceleration due to gravity on Earth) and a viscosity, n of 0.005 kg m”*s", calculate the migration velocity of Fe— Ni metal towards the core (give your answer in kilometres per year). (Note: 1 year= 3.2 x 10” seconds) (6)5. Calculate the €182W value for the following data from a laboratory in which the same meteorite has a measured 182W/184W ratio of 0.864723 and a standard representative of the BSE has a measured 182W/184W ratio of 0.864696. (a 6. Aplanetesimal of mass 10"? kg impacts the Earth with a velocity of 10® m/second. Calculate the rise in temperature in the Earth assuming that the heat generated by the impact spreads rapidly and uniformly throughout the whole Earth. Take the total mass of the Earth to be 6 x 10% kg, and the average specific heat capacity of the Earth to be 750, kg" K. (Note: 1) = 1 kgm? 5?) i)y 7. Vpis faster than Vs in Mantle rock, due to (a) Large density (b) Vp depends on shear modulus (c) Large bulk modulus (d) Vp depends on shear and bulk modulus 8. E-chondrites are rich in (a) CaSiO3 (b) MgSi03 (c) Fe2Sio4 (d) Al2sio8 9. Compared to Solar photosphere, which chondrite is least differentiated- (a) Ordinary chondrites (b) E-chondrites (c) Carbonaceous chondrites (d) Stony meteorites 10. What does the observation that 26Al was present in chondritic meteorites tell you about the timescale of the formation of the Solar System? {a) supernova explosion and accretion of meteoritic body occurred within 7.3 Ma (b) supernova explosion and accretion of meteoritic body occurred within 9.3 Ma {c) supernova explosion and accretion of meteoritic body occurred within 10.3 Ma {d) supernova explosion and accretion of meteoritic body occurred within 11 Ma 11. For the atmospheric gases to sustain in the atmosphere, average velocity of the gaseous molecules should be less than (a) one-fourth of the escape velocity at the atmospheric surface temperature {b) one-fourth of the escape velocity at the surface temperature of the planet (c) one-sixth of the escape velocity at the surface temperature of the planet (a) one-sixth of the escape velocity at the atmospheric surface temperature 12. Zircon in the Jack Hill quartzite were crystallized at the temperature- (a) 400°C (b) 500°C (c) 600°C (d) 700°C 413. Oxygen in the atmosphere is not useful for early atmosphere information due to {a) Degassed at the early time in one event during 200-220 Ma (b) Degassed gradually from the magma ocean (c) Increased biological activity due to photosynthesis process after earth formed (d) due to presence of ozone in the atmosphere 14, Gutenberg Discontinuity is known as the boundary at (a) Crust and the upper mantle (b) Upper mantle and lower mantle (c) Lower mantle and liquid outer core (d) Liquid outer core and solid inner core 15. P wave shadow zone is between (a) 95° to 142° (b) 105° to 142° (c) 105° to 152° (a) 115° to 152° 16. In General siderophile elements have electro-negativity (a1.2<€<16 (b)16¢n/3 ——— : z+4z2 + 16 10, Prove that u(x, y) = e7*(ycosx + xsin.) is harmonic. Find v(x,y) such that g(x,y) = u+ iv is analytic. Write g(xy)=f2) a function of z only. Attempt all questions. Each question carries 5 marks. ee we15, 16. 7. eal Chemistry - CH1201 Lib Ome General Phys Time: 2: Date: 30-06-2023 Marks: 45 : ime: 2.5 Hrs “an Questions Compulsory « Part Marking is ere 7 ee : Caleulate the Cy and C. values of SO> £9. 12] ona p= t|2| 2 e What ae the uns of and fa where a= <7] Sr |, Py OP 4 a oleate the bnetle energy of ranstatton of 85 g of ammonia gas at 27°C i erature ation = 1+ 2: (b— <&), comment on the nature of a gas at very low pressure and at very high tempera! Using the equation 2 = 14 9 ~ F fe svaw Andrews isotherm ford mole of rea gas at 10°C, 20°%, 30° and 40 2c, The erica temperature (7. for the gas #301 Fenty the area within whieh que and gas are co-eistent Write whether the fllowing statements are True or False: ¢ =) Dimensions of surface tension and surface energy are equal 1) sme gud erstal has both translational and orientational order vrove hat (53), = Gy i) represent the Carnot ele ona temperature-entopy (7S) dlagram and show that ihe 22 enclosed by the T-S cycle is equal to the work done. 8) aone ig entalpy change of a reaction I ~300 W/m. At what temperatures the equim constant (Kea) of tis «2 reaction 300 times that ofthe Kee at 300 K ‘kCarnot cycle running on 1 mol, of a monoatornic calevlate Va/Ms «@ aaa vec gacundergoing an isothermal expansion from Vso 2s, show that AG= —nATIn2, can the value of AG be used to comment on the spontaneity of the process? Argue. a) ‘Consider a system consisting of 1.5 mo} COa(), intially t 25 changed by a factor of 1.38, Ifthe expanding gas carried out 230, 28.8 J/K mol. ideal gas expands adiabatiealy from (Vs, Ts)t0 (V2, Ti). fis efficiency 5/9, +c, expanded adiabatically and irreversibly until the volume ‘of work, calculate ASostem. COz may be considered an ideal (4) gas with Cv starting with Clausius Inequality, prove that AGr» <0 for a spontaneous process: 2) Identify the following statements as true or false? Explain your answer briefly, (2) 21 (2), <2), orateaes ©) (Z), bstiavranserofor arenes Which of the following statements are true? Explain briefly. @) 3) rar igenteal volume change, the pressure drop in an adiabatic expansion Is greater than that In an isothermal expansion. ») Steterent (a) is strictly true for an ideal gas. ¢ statement (a) is strictly true for an ideal gas undergoing reversible expansion 4) for an ideal gas expanded reversibly from Vs to Vs, the work done during an a isothermal process. ‘Which of the following statements are true? Explain briefly 5) 2) Wner> Weer) Wrev> Wines c) GU = dw + dq = ~pdV + TaSis strictly true for reversible processes d) dq = TdS is strictly true for reversible processes €) For an irreversible heat engine working between Tvand Tc, the efficiency, ¢< 1 T/Ta {) For an irreversible heat engine working between Tu and Te, the efficiency, e = 1 ~ T/Tu 2) For a spontaneous adiabatic expansion, ASsyten > 0 h) For a spontaneous isothermal expansion, | ASiyten| > | ASurcrundne| batic expansion is lower than that in an Which of the following plots represent the S:p Isotherm of an ideal gas accurately. Explain briefly (3) Te ia ia Page 1. = _ Cia —Indian Instit Exami te of Science Education and Research Kolkata f¥ 4 cdausi Le n: General Physical Chemistry - CH1201 o2]os] 2023 ‘Time: 1.5 Hour Date: 03-05-2023 atm - mol" K" R= 0.082 L Answer All Questions [2 mark each, total 14 marks} (1) The normal density of phosphine (PH) at 0°C and at different pressure are P aim) 1 3 12. va dew) [1503 | 1.5272 [1.5208 _| 1.5205 From the extrapolation of venus curveto P= Othe the molecular weight luc ot ist of PH with proper uit ecules by weight and volume. (2) ALGO°C the density of N:O4 gas was Found fo be 30.2, Calculate the % of NO; are contained in a Site globe at 40 °C. Caleulate its pressure (a) as an ideal gas and (b) as a Van der Waals gas. 59 atm L? mol? and b = 0.43 L mol} (3) 100 gins of [Provided Molecular weight of CO: = 44 glmol, (4) Draw qualitatively Maywell distribution for speed plot (a) for No at three different temperatures (0 °C, 73 °C and 117 °C), and (b) for two diferent gases (O; and COs at 0°C). e of 88 mm at 25 °C. [Given: Surface tension of 180 cm/sec") (5) Find the inside diameter ofa glass capillary in which water shows a capillary Fs water a 25°C = 72 dynesem, density of water = | gice, acceleration due to gravity, (6) What isthe excess pressure inside a soap bubble with a radius of 0.015 m and the surface tension of 0.03N/m? (7) Discuss limitations (write 3 points) of Van der Waals equation for real gases, ©@® srcover au Questions 1 mark each, ota mais (Dew he sohme epee dapam fran stra xpnson of COs (©) Give 1wo examples where substances undergo dissociation but donot show abnormal vapour density? (10) Determine ratio of Vanier Waals Constants (ald) fra real gas for which Boyle temperature is 500 K. (11) From the kinetic gas equation, deduce Charles law. (12) How does the mean fee path “7 depends on the absolute temperature of an ideal gas undergoing an isochorie process? In your answer sheet write the correct option [1 mark each, total 6 marks] (13) The viscosities ofa liquid and a gas varies with increase in temperature as A. liquid decrease, gas increase B. liquid increase, gas decrease ‘A. liquid increase, gas increase B. liquid decrease, gas decrease (14) The value of compressibility factor at the critical state for Vander Waals gases is A B >I C=] @ D. Cannot be predicted (5) The average kinetic energy ( =) A. Depends on the nature of the gas only and does not depend on the temperature B.Depends on the temperature only and does not depend on the nature of the gas C. Depends on both temperature and nature of the gas D. Does not depend on temperature and nature of the gas (16) Ata given temperature, the rate of diffusion is ‘A. inversely proportional to the square root of molar mass ofthe gas B. proportional to the square root of molar mass of the gas CC. does not depend on the molar mass of the gas (17) The Maxwell speed distribution function F(e) |A._ is same for No gas molecules at 300 K and CO gas molecules at 600 K. B._ of Nz gas and CO gas is same at any temperature CC. can never be the same for the Nz gas and CO gas (18) Under polarized light, cholesteryl esters show only nematic behavior but no color effect show smectic behavior and some color effect show only smectic behavior but no color effect show nematie behavior and some color effect show either nematic or smectic behavior and some color effect moOR> = Pagetand Statistics, IISER Kolkata Il (MA1201) 2 1.5hrs. nicl February, 2020. Date: 2 (9] Justify Tyne or False, If it is true prove it if not give counter example/proper reason. + B be two bounded functions such that product ‘Then one of f and g is Riemann Integrable (i) Let fs (0,1) 9 RB, g + (0,1) function f9 is Riemann Integrable on (0, 1} on [0,1] Gi) If yy > 0 and Jim n?7y, exists, then Sm is a convergent series. ut ii) The Limit vi4 v4 tn (iv) Ifa sequence {2}, is defined by then lim ry anf S (v) If lim a, = 2, then there exists a K€ N such that for alln > K,1 !AP = D. ( a -1 (ere y (a+ by" (a cine) boo) ~2\atnyr—(a- 8)" (a4b)" (0-0) (a) Then show A” 2424243=9 Marks Problem 2 1 2 5 ee ee 10 Let a linear transformation be represented by the matrix T= |“ “5 Tp. | and fina 49 2 (a) row reduced echelon form, RREF(T), (b) rank, r(7), (©) a basis for the null space of T. 2424327 Marks Problem 3 Let V he a vector space with standard basis B = {e1,¢2, X = fryray-+ tn) and Y = {yy tn} Show that Py. = (Px-ve)" Pye: sen) and consider two arbitrary ordered bases 4 MarksPHL1201: Mid Term Bxam 17th February 2020 a ‘Total: 20 Marks ‘Times thy 30 1 (ay Determine which of the following (wo expressions represents a valid electrostatic felt (is a constant having appropriate tnit). 1 Boyd + 2ysj + 32k) 7 1. k(y’i + (Qey + 2?)j + 2yek) (b) For the electrostatic field , determine the expression for volume charge density in cylindrical coordinates. (c) For the non-electrostatic field , verify the Stokes Theorem for the closed path consist- ing of straight lines joining (0,0,0) to (1,1,0) to (1,0,0) to (0.0.0). [14142] 2. A point charge Q is placed at a distance a from the center O of a spherical conducting shell of inner radius Ry and outer radius Rp (see figure below). (a) What are the potential of the points 0,A,B,C,D (b) What are the charge densities at the points A,B,C,D (242) 3. The electric field in a region is given by B (is constant with appropriate units) (a) Find the charge density , (b) Verify the Gauss's Law in integral form for the given field density over the volume of the sphere of radi bepsPiesiauntubtent Rowith center at origin (143)fan infinitesimally thin circular disk oF radius 7, 4. Acharge Q 1s uniformly distributed over al expression of volume charge density (a) Derive the appropriate mathematic: 2 from the center on the axis of the oF disc (c) What will be electric field dependence on is the physical significance of the results obtained. \i the expression for electric field at a distance cin the limit z > 0 and 2 ~ oo and what (+241) 5. A thin infinitely long thread bent in the shape shown in the diagram below, is carrying an uniform charge of line charge density A in appropriate units (a) What is the electric field at point © due to straight segments AB and CD? (b) What is the electric field at the point O due to circular segment BC? (©) Is it possible to nullif it ry the net electric field of the entire thr: ing ieee oe ire thread by suitably placing a [24142]2020) Total Marks: 20 Date: 24.02.2020 maiah Gangappa & Dr. Mohit Prasad Course Insteuctors: Dr. Sreerar PART-A 4. What are the key diferences between mitosis and meiosis (1.0) 2, Arrange the following events in the correct temporal sequence during eukaryotic cell division, starting with the earliest:(1.0) (a) Condensation of the chromosomes {(b) Movement of chromosomes to the poles (c) Duplication of the chromosomes (6) Formation of the nuclear membrane (e) Attachment of microtubules to the kinetochores (0) Migration of centrosomes to positions on opposite sides of the nucleus. 3. During meiosis, (1.0) (2) When does chromosome disjunction occur? (b) When does chromatid disjunction occur? (c) When does Crossing-over takes place? (d) When does synaptonemal complex assembles? 4, Mention at least five traits that Mendel used in his pea experiments? Why he was successful in making conclusions? (1.0) 5, Differentiate between penetrance and expressivity with an example? (1.0) 6. Explain what is law Independent assortment with an example? (1.5) 7. Two highly inbred strains of Pea, one with Tall and the other with dwarf height, were crossed, 2nd all ofthe offspring had Tall height. Predict the outcome of intercrossing the offspring?(1.0) 8. List the key contributions of Bateson in Genetics? (1.0) 9, Define genetic interaction? Explain complementary gene action with an example and explanation?(1.5) WieQ1- In the following human pedigree, the filed symbols represent the affected individuals. Identify the ty of inheritance with justification? (3 marks) 2). The ABI blood type in human is under the control of autosomal multiple alleles. Colour blindness is a recessive X-linked trait. A male with blood type A and normal vision marries a female who also has blood type A and normal vision. The couple's first child is a male who is colour blind and has O blood group. What is the probability of their next child is a female with normal vision and © blood group? (3) (3 marks) 03) 1. Awild plant with 3 genes AABBCC was crossed with a triple recessive mutant aabbcc. The F1 male hybrid (AaBbCe) was then backcrossed with the triple mutant (aabbec) and the phenotypes recorded are as follows: ‘AaBbCo- 300 2aBbCo- 100 () aaBboo- 16 AaBboo- 65 ® aabbCc-75 aabbec-310 ‘Aabbec- 120 ‘AabbCe- 14 Find the order of the genes and map distance between them, (4 Marks) AmEvolution (LS2201) Mid-semester Examination ‘Total time: 1.5 hour Instructor: Anindita Bhadra ‘Total marks: 20 and give precise, to the point Please read the questions carefully before answerin answers, Marks will be deducted for unnecessarily long answers. _ seeing this gradation and diversity of structure in one small, intimately related group of binds, one might really fancy that from an original paucity of birds in this archipelago, one species had been taken and modified for different ends” (i) Who is the author of this quote? (i) Which bird and which archipelago are being discussed here? Gi) What feature of the bird has most strikingly “been taken and modified for different ends”? How? (iv) Ifa small number of birds came to the island and then diversified, what would the initial set of migrant birds be called? (1414241) 2. Answer any three: (6X3 =9) (i) Gelsemium sempervirens and G. rankinii are sympatrically distributed species of very similar tubular yellow flowers. In a study on two sympatric populations of the two species conducted in Georgia, it was seen that they had mostly non-overlapping flowering periods in 2003-2005, with significant differences in time of peak flowering and length of flowering and both species shared a similar community of flower visitors. Yet hybrids were never observed. What kind of reproductive isolation/ barrier to hybridization do you think is acting in this example? Explain your answer. Gi) “Dogs were the first domesticated species, originating at least 15,000 y ago from Eurasian gray wolves. Dogs today consist primarily of two specialized groups—a diverse set of nearly 400 pure breeds and a far more populous group of free-ranging animals adapted to @ human commensal lifestyle (village dogs), Village dogs are more genetically diverse and geographically widespread than purebred dogs making them vital for unraveling dog population history.” This is an excerpt from the abstract of Shannon et al, (2015), published in PNAS. The study revealed a greater genetic diversity in the free-ranging dogs across the world that in the various breeds studied. Explain why. (iii) Why are sexual displays/omamentations costly? (iv) A tsunami caused major alterations in the habitats on an island. A team of researchers studying the biodiversity of the isalnd noticed a four-fold increase in salinity of the only freshwater lake on the island. Most of the fishes living in the lake perished. However, one species of fish survived and thrived in the new environment. The only predators of the fish were seagulls. Another team of researchers returned to the island after 70 years to find that the lake had much reduced salinity and 7 species of fish. There were also two new species~v in the mainland before, of fish-eating birds on the island, which had only existed ce oa =e Us flowchart, explain a possible sequence of events which could exp fone s 3 § < BX2=6 3. Answer any three: ) ()_ Birds which mate promiscuously tend to have more species than those that form pair bonds. Why? 2 (ii) Why do you think female mate choice is more common than male mate choice? (it) Explain how the peacock’s tail is an honest signal. (iv) How did Zahavi Provide a solution to Darwin's dilemma?Mid Semester Exam £51201- Earth System Processes (24-02-2020) All quetions are compulsory. . Total marks: 20, Time 1.5 hours, Assuming melt is able to connect in the magma ocean, taking a grain radius, a, of 107 m, @ of 0.2 (20% volume melt), Op of 3500 kg m™, g of 9.8 m s” (the acceleration due to gravity on Earth) and a viscosity, n of 0.005 kg m™* s™, calculate the migration velocity of Fe-Ni metal towards the core (give your answer in kilometres per year). (Note: 1 year= 3.15 x 10” seconds} 13) Calculate the e”*"W value for the following data from a laboratory in which the same meteorite has @ measured 182W/184W ratio of 0.864523 and a standard representative of the BSE has a measured 182W/184W ratio of 0.864696, What would happen to the ratio ™w/™w of the core and mantle, if core formation is within 30Ma of the start of the solar system and if core formation is after 100 Ma of the solar system formation. Please explain. (1+4] Why the inner core cannot be the origin of Earth's Magnetism. Why outer liquid core was proposed to be the origin of that. [4] What was the problem in taking core as made of pure iron? Please explain and also explain the possible solutions suggested to solve that. [1+3] A planetesimal of mass 10”? kg impacts the Earth with a velocity of 10° m/second. Calculate the rise in temperature in the Earth assuming that the heat generated by the impact spreads rapidly and uniformly throughout the whole Earth. Take the total mass of the Earth to be 6 x 10 kg, and the average specific heat capacity of the Earth to be 750 J kg? K. (Note: 1J = 1 kg m?s?) {2} If half life of U* is 0.6 Ga and assuming age of the earth is 4.2 Ga, what percentage of the heat production is going on today (of the initial production at 4.2 Ga). [2]é “ Mid-Semester Exam’ Indian Hi Date: 18-02-2020 Names Panta. (1) Catentate fo as for which Boyle i (2) Prove thot Vander Waals constant "8" is (6) From the kinetic gas equation, deduce Chi (4) How Vander Waals constants “a” and "5° ———— Paget — jute of Science Education and Research Kolkata ation: General Physical Chemistry - CH1201 Marks: 30 Roll Number: lemperature (Ty) = $00 K. four times the actual volume of one mote gas molecules. ales law. san be determined experimentally for any real pas. pijal— Pye ime: 90 minutes 2 marks) (3 marks) (marks) marks)temperatures (b) three different gases, ifferent tempera tavwel tition for speed plo or (a ht marks) (5) Drow qualitiely Maye i Tpinin the sensation (2 marks) 6) Calan th . valves of NOs gas. (7) Wi theoretical justification comment on the effect of empeature, pressure and density on mean fee path? (3 marks) (#) 8 We coetficient of viscosity of pas dependent on temperature oF wot? Jusiy your answer mathematically. (2 marks) Page 2 zi(9) The rorma deny of marks) [r Efe fF Vee the eager of Fern Pew P= 0 the ale of sepmerh is found tbe 1.5170 gmvlitve. Calculate the molecular (90 tnpainwty (22), 0 for an ideal es, Us ths ato deduce hat (22 (0-3 marks oa Page 3> (11) The standard enthalpy of combustion (412°) of methane gas at 298 K is ~890 kimol. Estimate AML’ forthe same at 34g j any assumptions, if made, You may use he falling data at 298 K mane iggy Te TO) 700) Oe Sen mo) |= =1015 HLS =285.8 0 [en OX mot) vr 56 733, Ba Semel) 70 Tk 16.0 320) (13) Consider irreversible expansion of an ideal ga, fom ani State (7), ¥1) tothe final state (7, V3). Deduce the expression for 8Uinterms of C, Is it necessarily true tha > T; fr this process? Jsiy, (242 marks) Page 4 aQ1), The relationship of the | and H genes affects the expression of the ABO blood type in the following ways: genotype HH:AB or Hh; AB produces blood type AB while genotype hh, AB produces blood type © (Bombay blood group). What will be the Possible blood group distribution in the progeny if Hh; AB individual marries a hhyAB individual? (4 marks) Q2) .In a maternity ward, four babies become accidentally mixed up. The ABO types of the four babies are known to be O, A, B, and AB. The ABO types of the four sets of parents are determined. Indicate which baby belongs to each set of parents: (3 marks) (a) AB * O, (b) A* 0, (c) A* AB, (d) 0 * 0. Q3) Two students are employing the Chi square test for the same set of data (Dihybrid cross) and get a Chi square value of 9.81. While the 1" student rejects the null hypothesis citing the p=0.05 (maximal possible deviation permitted is 7.8) value Is much less than 9.81, while the second student accepts the Null hypothesis using p=0.01 (maximal possible deviation permitted is 11.34). Which of the analysis above may result in a flawed conclusion and why? (3.0 marks) 3). An individual heterozygous for four genes, Ala _ Blb_ Cle _ Did, is testcrossed lo ala_ b/b_cic_ dd, and 1000 progeny are classified by the gametic contribution of the heterozygous parent as follows: Genotype No of progeny a_B_C_D 42 A_ble_d 43 AB Cd 140 a_b_e_D 145 a_B_c_D 8 A_b_C_d 9 A_B_c_d 305 alblclp 310 Which genes are linked? (6.0 marks) 4.) The ability to rell ones tongue is dependent on the dominant gene (T). In WAS the pedigree chart depicted below, affected individuals can roll their tongue, \S Based on the pedigree answer the following question? Ae 4. Is the gene located on the autosome or the Sex chromosome. Justifyyo diagram. If no, mention why such experimental proof has not been provided. A spider that lives in the Rainforests of Brazil has a black coloured body with yellow dots on it. This spider is undergoing disruptive selection regarding these dots. Make a diagram of the original population and the resultant population. Also give a possible reason/speculate on why there is a selection pressure on these yellow spots. 2A Researchers examining the Indian peacock found that males that had long tails had smaller number of parasites in their body, while those with smaller tails had a larger number of parasites in their body. Further they found a negative correlation between tail length and parasite load in these birds. Can you explain why this maybe happening and what is the implication of this finding? 13) There was a mutation Al in the DNA within a somatic cell which ~ caused a major change in the translation product of a gene. There was a mutation A2 in the DNA within germ cells, and this did not cause any change in the translation product of a gene. There was another mutation A3 in the DNA within germs cells, which caused a conformational change in the translation product of a gene. All of these mutations occurred in different individuals in a population of crabs living off the coast of Orissa. What is the impact of Al, A2 and A3 on the population of these crabs? Which of these mutations is lik 5 cant ikely to have a bigger impact on the evolution of these crabs?PART B. (Attempt any two questions) 1.A polypeptide has the fellowing amino acid sequence: Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly The amino acid sequence of this polypeptide was determined in a series of mutants listecbelow. For each mutant, indicale the type of mutation that occurred in the DNA (single base substitution, insertion, deletion) ane the phenotypic effect of the mutation (nonsense mutation, missense mutation, frameshif, etc.), a. Mutant 4: Met-Ser-Ser-Arg-Leu-Glu-Gly b, Mutant 2: Met-Ser-Pro c. Mutant 3: Met-Ser-Pro-Asp-Trp-Arg-Asp-Lys 4. Mutant 4: Met-Ser-Pro-Glu-Gly e, Mutant 5: Met-Ser-Pro-Arg-Leu-Leu-GlusGly Please comment on the nature/identity of the mutagen that might have caused the possible change in each case with proper reasoning. (5) 2. What is basic principle of Sanger Dideoxy Sequencing? Draw the bands that should eppear on the gel from the four sequencing reacticns. The oulpul DNA sequence information from the gel is 5- TGACTAGTGATGCATAGC-3°? (5)? Q3. In D. melanogasier, cherub wings (ch), black body (b), and cinnabar eyes (cn) result from recessive alleles that are all located on chromosome 2. A homozygous wild-type fly (ch”, b”, cn”} was mated with a cherub, black, and cinnabar fly (ch, b, cn) and the resulting F1 females were test-crossed with cherub, black, and cinnabar males. The following progeny were produced from the tesicross: ch bt on 105 ch’ b’en* 750 ch’ b on 40 ch’ bt cn 4 ch b cn 753 ch bren* 44 ch” b cnt 402 ch b cnt 5 Total 1800 a, Determine the linear order of the genes on the chromosome (which gene is in the middle? (2) b. Calculate the recombinant distances between the three loci. (3)6) Outline the five points that constitute the theory of Natte™ Serre" in your own words. Mention when it was proposed and who proposed it. / 7)/ What is intra- -sexual selection? Explain how this impacts the fitness of females and males of the species. Mention one organism that displays this kind of selection. Answer any five questions. Each question carries 4 marks 8) A large number of lions within a National park, died due toa viral infection recently. In order to conserve Lions biologists came up with two strategies. The first one was to keep the whole population of lions within one geographical aree and the second one was to sub divide the population into two/three and house them in separate geographical locations within the country. The living conditions, protection and all other factors in the different areas where lions are going to be released are suitable for them. As a student of Evolution, what is your suggestion regarding the best strategy? Justify your answer. 9) Consider a small bird the size of a sparrow. This bird breeds during summer and migrates to an island which is warm during winter.At the onset of summer they are known to setup territories, choose partners and nest as soon as they come back from One subpopulation of the n of these birds has as recently discovered winterin rea: area that was half the d distance as S compared to their usual migrating g island, thus this subpopulation gets back to the summer grounds significantly faster. What are the likely consequ ices for the main population and this st subpopulation over the next 100 thousand years, assuming that they continue to migrate in a similar manner? 2orls there any experimental proof for the theory of Natural selection? “— Ifyes, explain this experiment and its results ina simple flawLSf2o] Introduction to Biology II End semester question paper 7" May 2019 Duration = 2.5 hours Total = 40 marks (30+ 10) This question paper consists of two parts. Part A deals with Evolutionary Biology, while Part B deals with Genetics. Please answer Part A in the main answer paper and Part B in the supplementary sheet. Do not tie these two answer paper together. PART A Answer any five questions. Each question carries 2 marks 1} Consider the Stickleback fish, a diagram of the same has been provided below. Note the spines on its body. Frame two proximate and two ultimate questions regarding this structure. P) Hows artificial selection similar to natural selection, explain with an example. 3) Write three differences between the theory of evolution proposed by Lamarck and the theory of Natural selection. 4) Give an example of paralle! evolution and convergent evolution. Why are they considered to be different from each other? 5) Drawa tree of life based on the following information. On this tree depict the following species. Species A has evolved from species Z in the recent past. Species B which is extinct had evolved from species Z several thousand years back. Species C evolved from species 8 and has shown adaptive radiation into species E,F,GandH. =” Vebuthye sau, otele his iyour answer. (2 marks) 2. Whatis the possible genotype of all the individuals spread over the three generations? (3 marks) * © OO O a cr | | = oO O o- n- a oe a