yt neertkaksha.com WANS a ee) a ite € Me @ yy oe eye @NCERTKAKSHA a Contact us: contactncertkaksha@gmail.comThe E-Notes is Proprietary & Copyrighted Material of NCERT KAKSHA. Any reproduction in any form, physical or electronic mode on public forum etc will lead to infringement of Copyright of NCERT KAKSHA and will attract penal actions including FIR and claim of damages under Indian Copyright Act 1957. §-aicg MCERT KAKSHA & iferorn sik atthage arnt & | archaea onft ue fret oft eu sifaa or scagita als 8 fret oft ave heart @ NCERT KAKSHA 6 atttase a sect etm sik uredia adhe ofa 19S 7 cect mreftcht sik afer & are asa esreres aarkarg AY sieht | NOTE - go ait 3 a Aiea ste fend Fon eS Tr TTS eT HT a TT Aaerren age aarefert ot om wet 8 werfery arr ores iter veh @ oft stare a www. ncentkaksha. comClass XIl- 2023-2024 —==T nex == UNITS COURSE STRUCTURE MARKS Unit- 1 |\Electnostatics Chapten =|: Electnic Changes and Fields Chapten -2: Electnostatic Potential and Capacitiance 16 Unit -II Unit - UI ‘Gumnent Electnicity Chapten -3: Cunnent Eleclnicity Magnetic Effects oF Cunnent and Magnetism Chapten - 4: Moving Chages and Magnetism Chapten -5: Magnetism and Matten Unit - IV | Electnomagnetic Induction and Altennating Cunnents 7 Chapten - 6: Electnomagnetic Induction Chapten = 7: Alternating Cunnent Unit - VI Chapten - 8: Electnomagnelic Waves Optics Ig Chapten -9: Ray Optics and Optical Instnuments Chapten - 10: Waves Optics Unit - Vil Dual Natune of Radiation and Matten Chapten - Il: Dual Natune of Radiation and Matten Atoms and Nuclei 12 Chapten = 12: Atoms Chapten - (3: Nuclei Chapten - 1H: Semiconducton Electnonics: Matenials , 7 Devices and Simple Cincuits Total” 10cHaPTER-1 UNIT- 1 (ELECTROSTATICS) = =Electric charges and field —— 7 Prsllite Dike changes (+. +) nesel each othen GOOEAER BHAB=> chores negative -) unlike changes (+,~) attnack each othen ‘= integen (postive on Negative) > ndaitiityp, ofehanges) (BAG TRAST I] es uns of change = 16% 0% => quantisation of change) [a=Ere] eacay °* “Ea” > [ET] en cane 0? ve custo FRE) ER fg eB fo" Pamittveg of fre spoce ~ 5054 x 10)8 CIN 5 E+ Prmilty of tetve an ee Ee] itl z Q - “> Force betueen multe charges ° > fect field % % Fal 2 “> lectne field due to @ point change et Tee > erectnic luc (QTE aA = eA cs0 | oe [at eae) Ee ao as > electric aipte moment [o= axa = tat] TNA ~ 4 Fr ® +—+—_? 1 AE paint on the aiple axis FA fi asstal ee @ acepmncaneyannirsn [2-—F | in -$ tint -1= 9 G NCERT Kaksha - Umesh VaishaliBA f) A eunit vcton (0) outside these = we @ casita wersnem [E20] (mx) DOOSGER SHOD => Coulonss low agree with the Newton's thind lawr. cea Es Toone ge ea . Ze ‘he unit vecton ( 4+ Angie between # and ® ¢ nase shoo by ES 7 é exams Best of Gant? fo" - "got fe Fn www.neertkaksha.com gel Umesh Sheiya @ Blige with you CBG NCERT Kaksha = Umesh Vaishalicuneree-2 UNIT-1 (ELECTROSTATICS) electrostatic potentral @lNG) capacitance —— -* cece. i Me womk = posiuve te ehage ye > Poe | FRE = ie? a... > Honkiidone vin” taking aiichahge ‘between twoNpoints jin an Extennal field GBOOSAGR GHOD —\> | seis" vol Cow) = L6 K 0" Towle [ee axay] 1 iileeecinon voit = fOP eV = 4-6 x 10" Joule { Miltionclectnon, volt -\ 10" eVy= 16 X 10°” Joule 1 wiltionéleetnan volt ~ JO%eV > 1.6 X (0°? Soule + sunface change densi, ot = unit veclon monmal to the sunfoce in the outwand.dinectin > Wonk done in rotating Clectuic dipole [Ww = pe (cos®,~ cose) | @ 4-0 [We pet e8)] © 9=90 [WEB © 0= 180 [w= ape] 2 = BG ET KRekcha = mesh | TTfrites us on instagnary ncentkaksha CG NCERT Kaksha - Umesh VaishaliUNIT- I] (CURRENT ELECTRICITY) Current electricity —> Electnic cunnent Pr (c qene) GOOsaER Sioa > J Ampene ~ 1 colournd [sec => ohm'silaw) CERT] : 4 { Ampene = 6:25 X08 e/sec CHAPTER -3 Pe Reston (eae fl 1 Megaohm + 10° ohm (>) Clectieal “Resistance PH Bone ob ria => Resistivity, OR comet tear: Al ea => Specific conductance oR Pray] fee] [Foe Cete + ann) => Relation between Specific Conductance and CuRReRCmdeniEp ~ [ 7" ? | v => Gnifl Velocity on the basis of ohm’s law - mosanp ws [+ = <2} rift veloc —> Relation between dnift velocity of free electnons and electnic oa) —— ae) » me] at => Tempenolune dependence of Resistivity [ae gtecrl | | ieee > Dynomic Resistance [#] => Electnic Power Pee @008088 Snead => Resistons in Senies 8 wate + 4 Toate fee 1 kilowatt hour + 3-6 X10 Watt see + 5.6. 10 Joule => Resistons in panallel oor => EMF of a cell ss | => Tenminal Potential diffenence wy ncertkaksha.com -3= © G NCERT Kaksha = Umesh Vaishali=> Relation among Tenminal Potential difference , EMF and intennel nesistance of a cell = a GL, 4 (= length => Meten bridge [5-*(==)| A= standand known Resistance S= unknown Resistance => Potentiometen ae [c= o] ey => Flectnic Enengy on dissipated Enengy a a eanch n gouture Neent Kaksha - Umesh Vaishali www.neertkaksha.com CAG NCERT Kaksha = Umesh VaishaliUNIT- III (MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT CHAPTER-4 AND MAGNETISM ) —Moving charges and Magnetism— a2 107 w/t oneal) : \ 1a + oli of lop Ne he of nord in ci y Pe ee] ree ee ena te : al (Si ' FRA] a - ___7 i + $ $ $ “Mognetic field inside a tong solenoid [6 ari, ] pe] ‘Magnetic field due to a tonoid Cendiess) solennid [A= wri] “Magnetic field outside tne tonoid (a=0] “Motion “in Combined electric and magnetic pel [F- 4(F+Fx8) = +P] > Fonce between two ponatiel cunnents | sh Ai => ctonquemonsamcunnentemtoop> [= inésinn ] 6 lng of conductive wine * 8 $e rf doopeneeeusns © (= niassind) A = Anca of (oop ht 2 la? Tf gO? [emia] 6+ ange vetween fied & Nona t0 ine cit ow mb fa a 1 WoN (rnognetic_ moment ) [= mbsind | > cconentzmyonce = [Fave] a wa (8) x EY x ee Sas re Onn “1 Poraued to the fied [F=0] =4—= ©) G CERT Kaksha = Vmesh VaishaltoT ioe ld ot vee ot nmennene FEE) FB EE |, -oee FE | ee ey Dy = foxce on a cunnent cannyings conducton (E=18tSir0) (@ End on position eel (0 on sem pts [a www.ncertkaksha.com “> Moving coil Galvanometer Beflection forrnala [r-e)] Canment serstivity A vatagesenstity > Magnetic dipole moment of xevolving electron” r Feed] flatten omid eS Le rawemapas [ae en] OG NCERT Kaksha = Umesh VaishaliUNIT- 11 (MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT CHAPTER -5 AND MAGNETISM ) = —=Magnetism and matter—_ > —? Et ap wruve mane homey) (BR) FE) Myé1 — Biamagnetic uy > 1 Panamagnetic uy >> 1 —Fennomagnetic > magnetic Susceptiolty (Hq) [=| > => cunie law ee In Panammagnetic. Phase , Teh “ T= moment of Inentia MAGNETC SUSPECTIBILITY OF SOME ELEMENTS AT 300K » ed Ee ecocae UE Bismuth 166 X10°5 Aluminium -2.3 x 10° Coppen =48 x 10° = Calcium -1.9 x 10°F Diamond 2.2 x 10% Chmomiur -2.7.x 10" Gold 3.6 X10 Lithium -2.1 x 0 Lead <7 x 10% Magnesium = x lot Mencuny 2.9 x 10° Niobium 2.6 x 10°F Nitnogen (STP) -5.0 X10" Oxygen (STP) -2.1 x 10°F Silven -2.6 x10 Platinum -2.9 x 10° Silicon -4.2 X 10% Tungsten -6.8 x 10°F yew ncertkaksha.com =5—= 9G WCERT Kaksha = Umesh VaishaliUNIT-IV (ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND CHAPTER-6 ALTERNATING CURRENTS ) So a o Electromagnetic induction== tet I i ‘ am DF g, = 840058 Weven Aive uP xX AG WICERT Kaksha - Umesh VaishaliUNIT-1V (ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND cwerer-7 ALTERNATING CURRENTS ) ——Alternating current— > nltenmatingvoltage [EE NERO] © = ¢Sinwt i, nd ty axe rosin vats Lt ingSinwl , of curnent & voltage nespectivly V > Yq Snook “> Meamvaluenoy "Altennatingvoltage | inem® ime #67 ima | => Root mean squane value of alternating cunnent > Poniadic Time [T7AE] -» Avenage value of powen oven a cycle EY « FG] => The avenage value of a function F(t) oven a peniod T > AC voltage applied to inducton =» AC voltage applied to capaciton Inductive Reattence Inductive Reactance (caer == - Ss) o> CUNEO MEREREMSEHTED verge powen oven a eycte [Fe~ %= 0] Impedance [Z=JR4 (woLP] Phase angle => when Cand R in senies — tril foe [or i] => when Land C in senies Resonance (requency FE oe ft teatene > when L, C,R in senies inmtoce [=H AT] rs om [nd - AE] wgertkaksha.com -6—= 9G WCERT Keksha -Vmesh Vaisholt=> Senies L-C-R Resonance cincuit ae => Powen in AC cincuit ___@u“«uoo | ) When cimeuit contains | and R--both = > Walless “Cunnent Bie wa = amt tm [FHF => Transfonmen Effictency =a => L-C oscillations of a4 @ [yr ore] © 0 vy 9 one FEE al uo* yonw.ncertkaksha.com (CG NCERT Keksha = Ymesh Vaishalicinerer-g - VNIT-V (ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES) =tElectromagnetic Waves=— => Displace cunnent | ia fate Gay => Maxwell” Equations» + qusssarepecanany [F OE) 1 ess of tao an | . Ae 7 7 > tnengy density of electromagnetic waves | ‘a aad paeetess) ire detaee 4 ae "Dat le tlectnical Erengy density Um, * Magnetic Energy density =4—= ©8 © NCERT Keksha - Vmesh Vaishalicoarter-4 UNIT- VI OPTICS) Ray optics => focablengih of" Sphexical Walnnon » Pike & n+ |nadtus of curvature fon both concave and convex minnon. => ‘Linear = Magnification = fon MIRON | im - A - =v.) mote: sign convention © Acording to contesion w du sign convention oo sneak BD) sD gh opie N= angle of xefletion ' il F => Relation between cnitical angle and nefwactive index |r| |n,- 1] Sine Sine vee a 1+ pane medium — 2 * dansen medium => Powenopuiens> [P> L > focal length of convex lens by displacement method => Fon combination of lenses” {focal tengtn pee: f_ ff = Ppt Py + Pt + 4 z Porien p magnification [7m = m,. ™m,- m; $ =P np rf bm (M-DA] & [Dm= My -A | n= Sin|At “> eetrnctiaeiaenof-tnesprism | ** [tba Sin A. 2 To > Rayleigh's scattening lau 4 www.ncertkaksha.com VG WCERT Kaksha = Vmesh Vaishals‘ny + nefnclive index of prism fon violet coloun > ya => DispensivenpowenopypHisrm|®? ~ XFS), ~ rejnective index of prism fon ned colaun My- 1 | ny = nejnective index of prism fon yellow colour “> magnification powen of simple mienoscope |< (+* 2) 3 * [9 fe ob “F > Magnification=powen” of compound \micnoscope> where Op ale a, Magri amtaMitjecue Nene lm > my me A qj ‘me + magnification power of eyepiece Listen tfc becond fot of objecne & fins jes of eypice D = distance of fimal_image fnom eyepiece mobs fe Bo Angle sublented Jat eye 4. noge ain 4 Angle sublented al eye by object 1! r 4 fo = fecal tengin of objective fe * focal tengin of eyepiece =e lens maken foamula | 1. inoai(E- +) f Th : ya. ny = we ~ (a) finst Puineipal foc | fl= -R_ n-L (6) Second “Pxincipal foch | f = nk mL Take the Risk OR loose the chance ———— AG NCERT Kaksha - Umesh VaisholtUNIT- Vi (OPTICS) CHAPTER-10 — Wave optics pao es => Huygen'’s Principal of secondany waves a : : Sed oS = = on = oP > copuenuepaune — (ERETral] Ee veining oF tight > Dopplen effect oy yen ncertkaksha.com =---771|__"— 96 DICERT Kaksha - Umesh Yih $$ i> Coherent and non=Ccohenent additional of waves [r= at] {7g a> amplitude > CCOREREREMIHERED + 6 pre ference > GREORERARLNNTAUED = raving pre siferce og — md | “Amplitude (aa) oump HM we ue Amplitude [OF Totensity rr whe aa? => In cohenent “Addition average intersity [ED = 2] ® Path diffenence fon constnuctive intenfenence [PERNBRERA] here n+ 0,1,2,5 B Path aipjenece fon incanstnutve worn | | => Young's Expeniment "© poiition lof fringe “on ‘Senden Path difenemce [rare ss] d= distance between two sits D > distance tetoen tits & neon => Polanization ( matus law) DER] trary oy ties igre fen posing mau polit P< = 2 Faliune is Success in Trogres = 5-Oo8 CERT Kaksha = Umesh VaishaliUNIT- Vil (DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND CHAPTER- 11 MATTER) Dual nature of — Padiation and matter > maximumcrkinesin eneng of Protoelectnons [E-eM] [E> Knox Vo] ~ amore [A TT > Einstein's Photoclectnic EqualiOM — Wy» work farsion f= Plancis conslant coe a coe i ~~ coremntommmrspantce [5] Aa] Patel Pa 4 Av 665110" roefite se = tex 10 Pep m= 951 x 10 ky lev £6410" Joute => «pHaggmequation» §— [A= 2asino] “> Helsenbeng’s Uncentainty —pxinciple [Bap =H] o [axap 2%] [*4] an “Go! Hung tale en wwvuncertkaksha.com AG NICERT Kaksha = Umesh VaishaliUNIT- Vill (ATOMS AND NUCLET) CHAPTER- 12 —— Atoms =10— ©9 G NCERT Kaksha - Umesh VaishaltUNIT- Vill (ATOMS AND NUCLEI) CHAPTER 13 —Nuclei— > erzemopmmucteu> TERA] 4: 121 0% ss hie is ~ ia binding Enengy [emma] air mass dere “UM LK a MZ) - Vilinies nol + /aaiiop protons Binding Enengy pen Nucleon Neutnon no. ~' no. of neutnons (A = mass no. = Z4N > Theony of Relativity” "Fz = no. of neutnons and protons N= Number of Nuclei A Radioactive decay constant AG NCERT Keksha = Vmesh VaishaliCHAPTER-14 UNIT-IX (ELECTRONIC DEVICES) Semiconductor electronics : Materials , Devices and Simple circuits —— i fiver otatus | 6 eGaengypebandsgapmpoRD + fo re Se , Semiconducton Eq < 3eV < lie= 4 a] = Smsulaton Eg > 3eV i Callen sunset — wae —taote rAd Ne * 0. of elecinons y= 0. of les ny * Tatwinsic connien concentration CEE ts ar ia % Fon intninsic semi conducton PRgiMye ta] Fon n ye extrinsic. semi conducton VFon p ge extrinsic semi conducton wy % ayramic Resistance win | [pa | == iar “= © G NCERT Kaksha = Umesh VaishaliPHYSICAL FORMULAS DIMENSION SI UNIT QUANTITIES FORMULA Electnic curment (I) Fundamental unit [m°L°T°A] A (ampene) Electnic cunnent Sunnent mM“? TA] Am? density q) aes Electnic change (q) | cuxment X time (mL TA) C (coulomb) A 4 wonk, AT 4-1 Electnic potential (v) chafine Me TA] V (volt) Electnic field fonce MutT A") intensity (6) change Nc! Penmittivity of free change X change i's Ta) C2Nm-? space (€,) fonce X distance? Electnic flux (%) electnic field X anea MUTA") Nm2cv! Electnic capacitance ___P2"9@ 7792] F (fanad) potential diffenence Sunface change fehionge) MeL? TA] Cm-2 density () ae Volume change enange Mec sTA] Cm density (p) volume Electnic dipole change X length MLTA] Cm moment (Pe) Electnic nesistance (a) Potential diffenence [2 t-¥-2] Qehm) cunnent a nesistance X_anea me Tq? Resistivity (p) Tenaith Abe Om ; \ ori yA? : 1 nh Se conductance 1 __ | S¢eiemen) on 2"! (mho) Conductivity «) at pric T43] Soi! on "wr! Coefficient of self emf. X time META?) H (henny) induction (L) on cunnent mutual induction (M) Inductive neactance = wL. MUTA?) a x)Capacitive neactance Mc) Powen facton (cos ¢) Resonant angulan fnequency (do) Quality facton (Q) Penmeability of fmee space (Ag) Magnetic pole stnength (m) Magnetic dipole moment (Pr) Magnetic induction (8) Magnetic flux (%) Coefficient of self induction (L) on mutual induction (M) Magnetic intensity W) Intensity of magnetisation (I) Coencivity Retentivity aes at Tnigonometnic ratio Lc oh R 2m X force X distance cunnent® X length mt X force X distance” Po pole stnength X distance Mo X cunnent 2m X distance 8X anea magnetic flux cunnent magnetic induction Po magnetic moment volume H (opposing) I (nesidual) Met -47) ‘Dimensionless met] M°LT?] Mita“) [M°LT°A] iM 7° A] Meta) Me TA!) Me TA?) MeL'T°A) ML! T°A) M°L' TA] mL! TA] a No unit Hz No unit NA™ on Wh A mt Am Am? Nev! Aon tesla (T) NmA™'on weben (Wb) H (henny) Am on Nov? T"! Ame on Nv? T™! Am on Nov? T! Amon Nev? T"!