EU Law: Treaties, Legislation, and Case-Law

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February 7, 2024
Contents

1 Introduction 5

2 EU Treaties 6
2.1 Introduction to EU Treaties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2 Key EU Treaties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.1 Treaty on European Union (TEU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.2 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) 6

3 EU Legislation 7
3.1 Legislative Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Types of EU Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4 EU Case-Law 8
4.1 Role of the European Court of Justice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.2 Landmark ECJ Judgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

5 Tables 9

6 Figures 10

7 Conclusion 12

2
List of Figures

6.1 Combined Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

6.2 Wrapped Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

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List of Tables

5.1 Highlighted Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

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Chapter 1

Introduction

The European Union (EU) is a complex legal entity governed by a comprehensive

framework of laws, treaties, and judicial decisions. This report provides an
overview of EU law, focusing on its foundational elements such as treaties,
legislation, and case-law, as well as the mechanisms by which EU law is created
and applied.

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Chapter 2

EU Treaties

2.1 Introduction to EU Treaties

The EU treaties serve as the primary legal foundation upon which the entire
European Union is built. They outline the objectives, institutional framework,
and legal principles that guide the functioning of the EU.

2.2 Key EU Treaties

2.2.1 Treaty on European Union (TEU)
The Treaty on European Union, also known as the Maastricht Treaty, was signed
in 1992 and represents a major milestone in EU integration. It introduced key
elements such as the creation of the European Union itself, the establishment of
common foreign and security policies, and the concept of European citizenship.

2.2.2 Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union

(TFEU)
The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, previously known as
the Treaty of Rome, forms the basis of the EU’s legal framework for economic
activities. It outlines the powers and responsibilities of EU institutions in areas
such as the internal market, competition policy, and social policy.

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Chapter 3

EU Legislation

3.1 Legislative Process

The legislative process in the EU involves multiple stages of decision-making
and negotiation among EU institutions, member states, and stakeholders. It
encompasses the adoption of regulations, directives, and decisions that have
binding legal effect within the EU.

3.2 Types of EU Legislation

EU legislation can take various forms, including regulations, directives, and
decisions. Each type of legislation serves different purposes and has distinct
legal effects on member states and individuals.

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Chapter 4

EU Case-Law

4.1 Role of the European Court of Justice

The European Court of Justice (ECJ) plays a crucial role in interpreting and
applying EU law. It ensures the uniform application of EU law across mem-
ber states and resolves disputes between EU institutions, member states, and
individuals.

4.2 Landmark ECJ Judgments

The ECJ has issued numerous landmark judgments that have shaped the devel-
opment of EU law. These judgments cover a wide range of legal issues, including
fundamental rights, competition law, and the internal market.

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Chapter 5

Tables

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vehicula augue eu neque. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et ne-
tus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Mauris ut leo. Cras viverra metus
rhoncus sem. Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices. Phasellus eu
tellus sit amet tortor gravida placerat. Integer sapien est, iaculis in, pretium
quis, viverra ac, nunc. Praesent eget sem vel leo ultrices bibendum. Aenean
faucibus. Morbi dolor nulla, malesuada eu, pulvinar at, mollis ac, nulla. Cura-
bitur auctor semper nulla. Donec varius orci eget risus. Duis nibh mi, congue
eu, accumsan eleifend, sagittis quis, diam. Duis eget orci sit amet orci dignissim
rutrum.

Header 1 Header 2
Data 1 Data 2
Data 3 Data 4

Table 5.1: Highlighted Table

As depicted in Table 5.1, certain data points are highlighted to emphasize

their significance.

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Chapter 6

Figures

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massa. Cras nec ante. Pellentesque a nulla. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et
magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Aliquam tincidunt urna.
Nulla ullamcorper vestibulum turpis. Pellentesque cursus luctus mauris.

(a) Image 1 (b) Image 2

Figure 6.1: Combined Images

Figure 6.1 presents a composite of images 6.1a and 6.1b, illustrating their
collective significance within the context of the discussion.
Figure 6.2 exemplifies the seamless integration of graphical elements within
the text, enhancing the visual presentation of key concepts.

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Figure 6.2: Wrapped Figure

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Chapter 7

Conclusion

In conclusion, EU law is a dynamic and evolving legal framework that governs

the functioning of the European Union. By examining its treaties, legislation,
and case-law, we gain a deeper understanding of the principles and mechanisms
that underpin the EU legal system.

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