JUAN, KRIS MELISAH

BSA-1B

The Theological and Christological Themes in Athanasius of

Alexandria's "On the Incarnation"

Athanasius of Alexandria, a pivotal figure in early Christian

theology, expounds profound theological and Christological
themes in his work "On the Incarnation." This essay will delve
into the key concepts presented in chapters 2 to 5, focusing on
the Divine Dilemma, the purpose of Christ's incarnation, His
death, and resurrection.

In chapter 2, Athanasius outlines the Divine Dilemma

concerning the fallen state of humanity and the necessity for
redemption. He emphasizes the unique role of Christ as the
Word of the Father in the process of redemption, highlighting
the hypostatic union as the means through which Christ could
fulfill both the requirements of the Law and the restoration of
humanity. Athanasius underscores the significance of Christ's
sinless life and sacrificial death as foundational to justification
and restoration. Continuing into chapter 3, Athanasius explores
the Imago Dei and its distortion due to the Fall. Despite
humanity's rebellion, Athanasius argues that God's revelation
through nature and special revelation through the Law and the
Prophets leave humanity without excuse. However, only Christ,
as the Word incarnate, can fully restore the image of God in
humanity, enabling sanctification and reconciliation. In chapter
4, Athanasius delves into the purpose of Christ's death,
emphasizing its vicarious and substitutionary nature. Christ's
crucifixion serves to settle humanity's debt of sin and
demonstrate His victory over death. Athanasius elucidates the
significance of Christ's active surrender on the cross and His
subsequent resurrection as evidence of His sovereignty over
death.
Finally, in chapter 5, Athanasius explores the triumph of
Christ's resurrection over death and corruption. He highlights the
transformative power of Christ's resurrection, turning fearful
disciples into bold witnesses willing to endure persecution and
martyrdom. Athanasius underscores the foundational role of
Christ's resurrection in the regeneration and sanctification of
believers, ultimately leading to spiritual fruitfulness.

In conclusion, Athanasius's "On the Incarnation" presents a

rich tapestry of theological and Christological themes, ranging
from the Divine Dilemma and the necessity of redemption to the
purpose of Christ's incarnation, death, and resurrection. Through
his meticulous exposition, Athanasius underscores the centrality
of Christ in the restoration of humanity and the triumph over sin
and death, providing a timeless theological framework for
understanding the Christian faith.