Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Abstract
Introduction : Refractive disorders is one of the most common cause of visual
impairment worldwide and become the second leading cause of blindness that can be
cured. Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of vision impairment in
children. An estimated 12,8 million children 5 to 15 years of age worldwide are
affected.
Purpose : To describe the correlation between age and sex with refractive disorder in
Cicendo Eye Hospital National Eye Center on January – December 2015.
Method : An analytical observation study. The subject were children diagnosed with
refractive disorders based on medical records at pediatric ophthalmology and
strabismus department in Cicendo Eye hospital. The data analyzed using chi-square
(x2) with significances of p < 0.05.
Results : We found 1684 refractive patients, 41.9% are male and 58.1% female. It
happened mostly in 11-15 years of ages (52.9%). Simple myopia and compound
myopia astigmatism mostly found in female aged 11-15 years old, simple
hypermetropia and simple myopia astigmatism in male aged 6-10 years old and
compound hypermetropia astigmatism in male 0-5 years old.
Conclusion : Recognition of any refractive error in children is a major step in
preventing childhood vision loss, a significant public health problem. There is a
correlation between age and sex with refractive disorder (p < 0.05)
Keywords : refractive disorders, children, visual impairment
1
2
Data yang diperolah diolah dengan perempuan 58.1%. Pasien paling banyak
menggunakan software SPSS dan disajikan termasuk pada rentang usia 11-15 tahun,
dalam bentuk tabel. dengan tingkat pendidikan terbanyak adalah
sekolah dasar (SD).
HASIL Jenis kelainan refraksi pada penelitian
Hasil pengambilan data sekunder ini yang paling banyak adalah astigmatisme
berdasarkan data rekam medis di Poliklinik miopia kompositus (57,2%). Tabel 2
Pediatrik Oftalmologi dan Strabismus Pusat menggambarkan perbandingan proporsi atau
Mata Nasional Rumah Sakit Mata Cicendo hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan jenis
didapatkan total kunjungan pasien kelainan kelainan refraksi mata. Kelainan refraksi
refraksi periode Januari-Desember 2015 miopia simpleks dan astigmatisme miopia
berjumlah 1684 pasien. kompositus proporsi terjadinya lebih banyak
pada jenis kelamin perempuan sedangkan
Tabel 1. Data Demografi hipermetropia simpleks, astigmatisme
miopia simpleks, dan astigmatisme
Karakteristik Jumlah (n=1684) hipermetropia kompositus lebih banyak
Jenis kelamin pada jenis kelamin laki-laki. Kelainan
Laki-laki 705(41.9%) refraksi astigmatisme hipermetropia
Perempuan 979(58.1%) simpleks dan astigmatisme mikstus
memiliki proporsi yang hampir sama antara
Usia
jenis kelamin perempuan dan laki-laki. Hasil
3-5 tahun 90(5.3%)
6-10 tahun 702(41.7%) uji statistik Chi Square pada kelompok
11-15 tahun 892(52.9%) penelitian diatas diperoleh informasi nilai p
0.002 (p < 0.05) dengan demikian dapat
Status pendidikan dikatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara
Belum sekolah 27(1.6%) jenis kelainan refraksi dan jenis kelamin.
TK 66(3.9%)
SD 916(54.4%) Tabel 2. Hubungan Jenis Kelamin dengan
SMP 675(40.1%) Jenis Kelainan Refraksi
children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 27. Castagno VD, et al. Hyperopia: A Meta-
2006;47:55-64 Analysis of Prevalence and review of
18. Greta H, Petrosyn P, Gillian A. Risk Associated Factors Among School-Aged
Factors for Developing Myopia Among Children. BMC Ophthalmology.
6-18 Years Old Schoolchildren in 2014;14:163
Yerevan and Gegharkunik marz.
Armenia: American University of
Armenia Yerevan; 2012;2-15
19. Varma R et all. Prevalence of Myopia
and Hyperopia in 6 to 72 month old
African American and Hispanic children:
the multi-ethnic pediatric eye disease
study. American Academy of
Ophthalmology Journal. 2010: 140-7
20. Wen G et all. Prevalence of Myopia,
Hyperopia, and Astigmatism in Non-
Hispanic White and Asian Children.
American Academy of Ophthalmology
Journal. 2013;120:2109-16
21. Siregar VN. Perbedaan Karakteristik Jenis
Kelamin terhadap Kelainan Refraksi
pada Sisa-Siswi di SD dan SPM RK
Budi Mulia Pematangsiantar. 2013.
22. Dirani M, et al. Prevalence of Refractive
Error in Singaporean Chinese Children:
The Strabismus, Amblyopia, and
Refractive Error in Young Singaporean
Children (STARS) Study. Investigative
Ophthalmology and Visual Science.
March 2010;51:1348-55
23. You QS, et al. Prevalence of Myopia in
School Children in Greater Beijing: The
Beijing Childhood Eye Study. Acta
Ophthalmol. 2014;92:398-406
24. Pi LH, et al. Refractive Status and
Prevalence of Refractive Errors in
Suburban School-Age Children. Int J
Med Sci. 2010;7:342-53
25. Kanski JJ, Bowling B. Clinical
Ophthalmology A Systemic Approach.
Edisi ke-7. Edinburg: Elsevier;
2011;18:764
26. Amer A, Mohamed T. Prevalence of
Manifest Hypermetropia in Primary
School Children of Gaza City. Science
Journal of Public Health. 2013;1:131-4