HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023, 178-189

DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2023.034.2.16

Determinants of Farmer's Participation in Implementation Community

Empowerment: A Case Study of Thematic Village in Indonesia
Agus Subhan Prasetyo*, Annisa Firdauzi
Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University, Prof.
Soedarto Road, No.50275, Semarang, Indonesia
Received: 24 January 2023; Revised: 20 February 2023; Accepted: 20 June 2023

ABSTRACT
Farmer participation has been in the spotlight in agricultural socio-economy academia as a tool to induce
sustainable agricultural development. Farmer participation should be present as a basic human need and
human right. However, farmer participation is often hampered due to unequal power relations. This
condition makes community empowerment programs often fail, and farmer participation becomes
ineffective. The research aimed to analyze the influence of the determinants of farmer participation. The
research location conducted was Wates Village, Semarang City, Central Java in July – September 2022.
This study uses quantitative methods with SEM-PLS analysis tools and descriptive quantitative. A
purposive sampling method was used for Respondents, with total respondents of 125 farmers. Observations
and Interviews were used in data collection using questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive
analysis and scored using a Likert scale and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method. Two variables
in this research showed no significant direct effects between individual characteristics and the intensity of
program activities with farmer participation. In other conditions, there is a significant direct influence
between the environment and socioeconomic with farmer participation. Environmental and socioeconomic
aspects influence farmer participation in community empowerment programs. This condition can mean the
farmer can express their aspirations and participate. The practical implications of the results of this research
can be used to optimize empowerment programs that involve farmers to be independent and implement
sustainable farming practices. Reducing the risk of failure that may occur, can also facilitate the
performance of agricultural extension workers in delivering programs.
Keywords: empowerment; farmer; intensity; participation; structural equation modelling
How to cite:
Prasetyo, A. S., & Firdauzi, A. (2023). Determinants of Farmer ’ s Participation in Implementation
Community Empowerment : A Case Study of Thematic Village in Indonesia. HABITAT, 34(2), 178–
189. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2023.034.2.16

1. Introduction thereby reducing farmers' ambiguity aversion and

risk aversion and increasing the adoption rate of
The challenge of increasing agricultural
new agricultural technologies (Wu et al., 2023).
productivity and sustainability in underdeveloped
Efforts to grow the local economy can be done by
nations must be addressed (Dutta et al., 2023). One
involving and empowering farming communities
solution is increasing farmers' roles to adopt
that have the potential to increase family income.
innovation. Adoption is the constant attempt to use
The Semarang City Government launched a
new methods or approaches (Olayide et al., 2021).
thematic village implementation program through
Extension is one of the many ways that can be
Semarang Mayor Regulation No. 22 of 2018. The
utilized to approach farmers because extension
aim is to show local identity, or the potential raised
serves as a source of knowledge for farmers and
from each village, and highlight the results of
can help to encourage sustainable agriculture
community agreements, reduce poverty and
(Alotaibi et al., 2021). Furthermore,
unemployment, improve slum settlements,
thegovernment can implement guarantee
encourage regional economic turnover, and add
mechanisms to assist farmers in dealing with
tourist destinations.
various uncertainties in the production process,
The regional government maps and plans
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regional potential based on existing problems in
*
Corresponding Author. terms of social, economic and regional
E-mail: setyo.subhan@live.undip.ac.id infrastructure. The hope is that various
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HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023
collaborations and creative ideas will arise from
various parties. When farmers have minimal
interaction with stakeholders in the agricultural
sector, innovation will be increasingly difficult to
form because farmers are far from sources of
knowledge and creativity (Hall & Clark, 2010).
Areas that meet the criteria carry out potential
local mapping, including Wates Village. To be
precise, this village is located in Central Java
Province, Semarang City, Ngaliyan District.
Martuti et al. (2017) revealed that Wates Village
and the Agriculture Service had implemented the
"Crystal Guava Cultivation Thematic Village"
program, so, unsurprisingly, most of the
population earns a living as crystal guava
commodity farmers.
The local community explained that
through empowering crystal guava cultivation
thematic villages, they had succeeded in
increasing the understanding, processing, and
management of entrepreneurship based on local
potential. Farmers have been cultivating crystal
guava for generations with the appropriate soil
type. Increasingly relevant to the results of
previous research by Ani et al. (2018) in their
journal entitled "Participation and Women's
Economic Empowerment: Clarifying Their
Relationship In Community-Based
Organizations". The results of his research show
that through participation in empowerment
programs, the community has succeeded in
increasing the local economy and achieving
prosperity in their lives. This is because the
community receives guidance and training in
optimizing local resources through their
participation. Empowerment contributes to
economic growth (Maligalig et al., 2019). In
addition, the existence of training activities in
empowerment activities can increase power and
control in decision making at the household (Huis
et al., 2019).
In terms of supporting the development of
Wates Village, the Agriculture Service has
provided assistance and empowerment to assist
the development of the Wates Village Thematic
Village. Community empowerment is often
described as a process and a goal. In line with this,
Cristina (2020) explains that the community
empowerment program is a series of activities
oriented toward providing empowerment and
power to the community.
The implementation of the empowerment
program is expected to encourage the community
to explore and increase their potential to actualize
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179
themselves optimally and independently.
According to Akhter (2021), true empowerment is
developed to increase the capacity of the
community to meet their needs. However,
unfortunately, after being designated as a crystal
guava thematic village, the community needed to
sustainably develop the potential of crystal guava.
Various potential problems were analyzed from
the Agriculture Service's empowerment activities
to find the causes. Several causes, such as human
resources in Wates Village, are classified as
complex to accept innovation, challenging to
develop, and lacking community participation.
Various potential problems were analyzed from
the Agriculture Service's empowerment activities
to find the causes. Several causes, such as human
resources in Wates Village, are classified as
complex to accept innovation, challenging to
develop, and lacking community participation.
Participation is the readiness and
participation of individuals or groups in an
activity, both emotionally and mentally
(Musabbikhin et al., 2020). Community
participation is considered important in
determining and demonstrating the extent to
which a given program has succeeded in exploring
and empowering the potential of natural and
human resources. According to Niswaty et al.
(2020), it is now believed that a development
approach through community participation can be
a panacea for advancing a village compared to
simply launching top-down assistance without a
process of dialogue and public interaction.
The role of community empowerment and
training can contribute to economic growth. Based
on the problems and previous research
description, the authors are interested in
researching the determinants of community
participation in implementing community
empowerment at Wates Village, Semarang City,
Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the
influence of the determinants of participation.
Factors that affect farmer participation in
empowerment programs are very important to
study for program effectiveness. The practical
implications of the results of this research can be
used to optimize empowerment programs that
involve farmers to be independent and implement
sustainable farming practices. Reducing the risk of
failure that may occur, can also facilitate the
performance of agricultural extension workers in
delivering programs.
HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023 180

2. Theoretical Underpinning hand, the third school of thought emphasizes that

people have legal rights and are democratic to
Based on the definition of participation by
participate in decision-making that may affect
Danano (2020) participation provides the
their livelihoods and often want to participate.
opportunity for people to be involved in the
Still, this right is revoked due to several
information-sharing process and the ability to
constraints.
negotiate and make joint decisions. In
Prasetyo et al. (2020) in their research
participation, the opinions and initiatives of
explained that participation is an activity of a
farmers are regarded as having importance equal
person's participation mentally and emotionally in
to that of extension agents or researchers. For the
developing his initiative and creativity in
community to participate, the extension worker
achieving group goals and supporting the
and farmers must be informed so that it can play a
condition of the group. Member participation is a
role in the participation communication process.
factor in the success of activities within farmer
Participation communication can be understood as
groups. Make it clear that participation is required
disseminating information individually or by
to ensure sustainable development, where
group of actors to a broader audience to change
individuals and institutions must play a role for
attitudes, opinions, and behavior (Turmudi, 2020).
changes to occur in the development context. The
The meaning and scope of community
level of member participation can be seen from
participation depend on social, political, cultural,
providing information, participation for material
technological and economic factors (Wondirad &
incentives, implementation participation to ensure
Ewnetu, 2019) and (Susanti et al., 2020). Cristina,
that farming activities run well, participation in
(2020) underlined that community participation in
expressing opinions as a solution to problems, and
community empowerment programs should
active participation.
engage locals resulting in the local economy, and
In another study, Prasetyo et al., (2021) said
can improve communities' living standards.
that participation is the involvement of farmers in
Community Empowerment is based on weak
every program that aims to make farmers better in
community ties, so it is necessary to strengthen
the future in running their farming business.
community capacity.
Participation in this study was seen from farmers'
Ensure community participation in
activities or direct involvement. Activities or
community empowerment programs brings the
direct involvement are divided into three
required benefits to locals. Participation must be a
indicators: planning, implementation, and
cornerstone to a democratic and transparent
monitoring and evaluation.
system which redistributes power to society who
are excluded from the political and economic
3. Research Methods
process. Based on the description, community
participation refers to the redistribution of power This research was conducted in Wates
that enables the poor communities, currently Village, Ngaliyan District, Semarang City, Central
excluded from the political and economic spheres, Java in July – September 2022. The location
to be included in the future so that they can determination was carried out purposively
influence decisions and induce significant social considering that Wates Sub-district was one of the
and economic reforms which enable them to share sub-districts formed by the Mayor of Semarang as
benefits that accrue in their localities equitably the thematic village for the crystal guava
(Niswaty et al., 2020) and (Dawuni et al., 2021). commodity. Respondents in this study amounted
Danano (2020) said that participation is to 125 of the total population of 227 farmers using
influence by demographic, social, economic, and the Yamane formula with a margin of error of
biophysical variables. Wondirad & Ewnetu,( 10%. using the Yamane formula with a margin of
2019) explained that community participation error of 10%. In addition, the number of
could be seen from at least three schools of respondents was added to increase the validity of
thought. According to the first school of thought, the research data. Determining respondents using
whenever possible, most people tend to purposive sampling with consideration of farmers
underestimate community participation. In who are involved and active in community
contrast, the second assumption recognizes empowerment activities.
community participation as a voluntary process in This study uses quantitative methods with
which people can become involved if they believe SEM-PLS analysis tools and descriptive
their participation will benefit them. On the other quantitative. This study used a questionnaire with
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HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023 181

5 answer scales using a Likert to measure the level 2 = Low

of importance or conformity with the available 1 = Very low
statements on individual characteristic variables, Data collection was done through interviews,
the intensity of program activities, environmental observations and documentation. The data
and socioeconomic, and participation. The analysis used was descriptive and SEM PLS 7.0,
weighting is as follows: which used three exogenous latent variables and
5 = Very high one endogenous latent variable, with details
4 = High shown in Table 1.
3 = Medium
Table 1. Variable X and Y
Variable X Variable Y
Individual Characteristics (X1) Participation (Y)
1. Age 1. Involvement in program planning
2. Sex 2. Involvement in program implementation
3. Involvement in program evaluation
The intensity of program activities (X2)
1. Number of activities in the
implementation program
2. The intensity of assistance

Environment and socioeconomic (X3)

1. Facilities from related supporting
institutions
2. Types of productive activities that
generate income and financial
independence

4. Result and Discussion Community empowerment in the Wates

Village is carried out through several stages of
4.1. Implementation Process of Community
activity as follows:
Empowerment Program

Preparation

Goal Setting

Early Socialization

Participatory Planning

Implementation of the Community

Empowerment Program

Monitoring and
Evaluation

Figure 1. Flow chart of the implementation of the Community Empowerment Program

in Wates Village, Semarang City

Based on figure 1, preparation for the ongoing problems. The preparatory stage was
empowerment program begins with conducting a carried out using the Participatory Rural Appraisal
preliminary survey to identify potential and (PRA) technique. PRA techniques are used to
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HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023
gather participation and voice from the target to
obtain valid information so that programs that are
right on target can be designed. The identification
of potential and problems was attended by the
Sumberaharjo Farmers Group, the Rejo Tani
Farmers Group, the Rukun Makmur Women
Farmers Group, agricultural extension workers
from Ngaliyan District and parties from the Wates
Village. PRA is discussed to be able to produce a
program that can be a solution to develop potential
and solve problems that occur.
Based on the results of the discussion
activities, the Wates sub-district has the main
potential, namely crystal guava, with a land area
of 5 hectares. The land belongs to the Agriculture
Office of the City of Semarang, which residents
manage with a profit-sharing partnership system.
In addition, the Wates sub-district has the potential
for other horticultural crops such as oranges,
longans, bananas, durians and avocados. Not only
the agricultural potential owned by the Wates sub-
district but also human resources include the
potential that it has. It can be seen from several
farmer groups that are still active and exist in
every implementation of the given program.
In addition to the potential output, Wates
Village also has problems that must be resolved
immediately, such as 1) farmers are still
implementing conventional farming systems,
which causes farmers to become dependent on
chemical fertilizers and pesticides. 2) there is a
problem with plant-disturbing organisms (OPT),
namely fruit flies. Fruit fly attacks can cause a
decrease in the number of harvests because many
crystal guava fruits experience physical damage to
rot. 3) the lack of optimal post-harvest
management caused many crystal guavas to rot, so
crystal guava fruits could not be sold optimally. 4)
lack of knowledge about adding value or
processing crystal guava into processed food.
Secondly, before setting goals, it is
necessary to determine the problems to be solved.
Solving the problem must concern real needs that
have been felt by the community and pay attention
to the impact points that the community can feel.
From the results of this activity, It was
agreed that program activities would be related to
improving farming, processing and marketing.
After knowing the problem to be solved, then
formulate goals. Goal setting must be realistic,
seen from the capability of resources (cost,
quantity and quality of personnel).
Thirdly, initial socialization in the
community empowerment program aims to
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182
disseminate program information. Initial
socialization is done through group meetings. The
initial socialization was carried out at the Suler
Pavilion by inviting the community, especially
crystal guava farmers, to understand correctly and
correctly about the empowerment program that
will be carried out.
Initial socialization activities in
collaboration with stakeholders. The partnership
with the hope that stakeholders can provide an
understanding to farmer groups of the importance
of community empowerment programs.
Stakeholders in community empowerment have a
role in planning, mentoring, counselling,
socialization and supervision activities which are
expected to provide a deeper understanding to the
community, especially farmers so that they
become aware and understand the importance of
welfare in improving the family economy.
The initial socialization of the community
empowerment program in the Wates sub-district
went well, as seen from the discussions between
members of the farmer groups and resource
persons who provided the socialization of the
program. However, the socialization process did
not completely make the present participants
accept and understand the program to be
implemented. So, it still needs to be approached in
depth by participants who do not understand. This
is done with the aim that all people, especially
farmers, want and understand and participate
actively in the community empowerment
activities that will be carried out.
Fourthly, participatory planning is an initial
step in formulating a community empowerment
program. Participation does not only mean the
presence of citizens in community empowerment
program activities but also how the present people
can voice their opinions and be involved in the
decision-making process. In implementing
community empowerment in the Wates sub-
district, the community, especially farmers, have
been able to voice their aspirations and be
involved in decision-making. So that stakeholders
and program implementers get a joint agreement
in carrying out community empowerment
programs in the future.
Then, the implementation of the community
empowerment program in the Wates sub-district is
carried out with assistance and training.
Assistance and training aim to help increase
capacity and change behavior regarding
knowledge, skills and attitudes of the community
or farmers. Assistance and training in the
HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023
community empowerment program in the Wates
subdistrict, namely 1) assistance and training in
organic crystal guava farming for farmer groups,
and 2) Assistance and training in product
processing from crystal guava, packaging and
marketing for farmer women groups.
This assistance and training answer the
problems of crystal guava farmers in Wates
Village. As stated by Mr Saryani a crystal guava
farmer, namely:
"farmers here still use chemical fertilizers
and pesticides with the ecoenzym training
provided, which can neutralize pollutants in
the environment and optimize plant growth
organically, besides that the ingredients for
making it are pretty easy to get and cheap."
The mentoring and training that was carried
out began with the delivery of material and
continued with direct practice by farmers. Each
activity is proven by a demonstration plot so that
farmers can see, practice and observe what has
been done. This activity is carried out in the hope
that farmers can apply it independently and
sustainably.
The assistance and training provided to
women farmer groups are in the form of
processing crystal guava yields into processed
products, choosing packaging and labels to
beautify products, calculating the cost of
production and sales, and online marketing. The
processing training provided was in the form of
crystal guava processing in the form of products
such as crystal guava pastry, crystal guava caramel
and crystal guava syrup. This processed product is
selected according to a mutual agreement with the
farmer women's group because it can be stored for
quite a long time.
Lastly, every community empowerment
program requires monitoring and evaluation in
every activity. Monitoring and evaluation aim to
determine whether community empowerment
activities are going well according to the
objectives. In community empowerment in the
Wates sub-district, monitoring and evaluation are
carried out with a question and answer session to
determine the obstacles in each assistance and
training activity provided to farmer and farmer
women's groups.
Based on the observations, it was found that
in monitoring and evaluation activities, there were
farmers who conveyed the obstacles they faced
after carrying out and applying what was taught in
mentoring and training in organic crystal guava
farming. Farmers said that the pheromone trap that
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183
had been used could catch fruit flies optimally.
However, water as a container for flies that have
died will cause an unpleasant odor if not replaced
immediately. Based on the farmer's statements,
evaluation and discussion were carried out to get a
joint agreement regarding the solution to the
problem that occurred. The answer was to hold
water changes once a week by members of the
farmer group.
Meanwhile, there were relatively no
obstacles in the mentoring and training activities
for women farmer groups. The monitoring and
evaluation results show that the farmer women's
group has been able to apply what is taught and
has started marketing the products produced by
ordering and participating in bazaar activities.
The conditions that occurred in the Wates
sub-district in implementing the community
empowerment program were by Sulaiman &
Ahmadi, (2020) the opinion empowerment
community has been designed and implemented.,
is a participatory process that involves all parties,
such as the community, local government,
academics, development practitioners and
activists, to build more awareness, togetherness,
and cooperation in solving problems, as well as
manage potential sources power and achieve
mutual prosperity. sources power and achieve
mutual prosperity.
Phannan (2020) said community
empowerment originates from various networks
that support and push the community forward.
Social networks help empower the community to
use the resources for the maximum benefits to
create activities that result in the products, the
output, the outcome, and the reduction of social
inequalities. The results mentioned earlier should
be extended to other communities for overall
social empowerment, which would benefit
farmers and their family.
On the other hand, Zainal et al. (2022) said
that empowerment would make a significant
contribution to people's lives. The gift includes
various knowledge and skills and suitable methods
to maximize all the potential in individuals and
their environment. However, empowerment is
increasing the ability or capacity to meet the needs
of individuals and building a spirit of community
independence so that it develops and has a solid
motivation to participate in the empowerment
process.
HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023 184

4.2. Data Analysis using Structural Equation The composite reliability value and
Model (SEM) Cronbach's alpha value are used to determine the
reliability of the research instrument. Based on
Data analysis using SEM in this study has
these outputs, it can be seen that the composite
the same endogenous and exogenous constructs as
reliability > 0.70 and Cronbach's alpha > 0.60, so
follows:
all instrument variables are reliable.
4.2.1. Measurement model
Table 4. Composite Reliability
Exogenous Construct: X1 = λ1X1+δ1
X2 = λ2X2+δ2 X1 X2 X3 Y
X3 = λ3X3+δ3 Composite 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Endogenous Construct: Y1 = λ1Y1+ ε1 reliability
4.2.2. Structural equation Cronbach's alpha 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
(Y1) = γ1X1+γ2X2+γ3X3+δ1 c. Goodness of fit
4.2.3. Evaluation Model The model's suitability can be measured
According to Solimun et al. (2017), there through the suitability of the parameters with the
are two criteria for assessing whether the outer existing criteria (goodness of fit) in Table 5.
model meets convergent validity, namely (1) the These results show the direct effect of X1,
loading factor is more than equal to 0.3 and (2) the X2, and X3 on:
p-value is significant (<0.05). This shows that the
measurements X1, X2, and X3 meet convergent
validity.
Table 2. Convergent Validity
Variable Nilai Loading P-value
X1 1.00 <0.001
X2 1.00 <0.001
X3 1.00 <0.001
Y 1.00 <0.001
a. Convergent Validity
According to Solimun et al. (2017),
discriminant validity is measured by comparing
the loading and cross-loading factors. If the
loading value of an indicator is more significant
than its cross-loading, it has discriminant validity.
It can be seen in Table 4 that all variable loadings
are more significant than the cross-loadings. Thus, Figure 1. SEM Analysis
all variables are declared to have discriminant Y have respective path coefficients of -0.04,
validity. - 0.02, and 0.85. The direct effect of X3 on Y is
Table 3. Convergent Validity significant with p <0.01.
The R-squared value for the participation
X1 X2 X3 Y variable (Y) is 0.70, which means that the
X1 (1.0) 0.582 0.577 0.488 influence of individual characteristic variables
X2 0.582 (1.0) 0.682 0.672 (X1), the intensity of program activities (X2),
X3 0.577 0.682 (1.0) 0.843 environmental and socioeconomic (X3) on
Y 0.488 0.672 0.843 (1.0) participation (Y) is 70% and other variables
b. Composite Reliability outside this research model influence the
remaining 30%.
Table 6. path coefficient values and p-value
Variable X Variable Y Path coefficient Information
Individual Characteristics (X1) Participation -0.04 Not significant
The intensity of program activities (X2) Participation -0.02 Not significant
Environment and socioeconomic (X3) Participation 0.85 Significant
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HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023
Based on the description in Illustration 1
and Table 6, only environmental and
socioeconomic (X3) variables have a direct effect
on participation (Y) with a path coefficient value
Table 7. The Goodness of Fit Criteria
Model fit and Quality Indices Analysis Results
Average path coefficient (APC) P<0.001
Average R-squared (ARS) P<0.001
Average adjusted R-squared P<0.001
(AARS)
Average block VIF (AVIF) 3.049
Average full collinearity VIF 2.917
(AFVIF)
Tenenhaus GoF (GoF) 0.835
R-squared contribution ratio 0.949
(RSCR)
Statistical suppression ratio (SSR) 1.000
Nonlinear bivariate causality 1.000
direction ratio (NLBCDR)
Based on table 5, obtained results testing the
hypothesis as follows:
1) There is no significant direct effect between
individual characteristics and community
participation in empowerment activities,
with a coefficient of -0.04, p-value > 0.05.
That means there are changes in individual
characteristics that no will influence the
participation Public in following coaching
and empowerment village. In the study, this
respondent comprises group farmers, youth
farmer groups, and women farmers spread
heterogeneously from facet age.
Participation Public in empowerment
program activities does not depend on the
characteristics public as age Alesane et al.,
(2019); Dawuni et al., (2021), is suitable for
involvement in program planning,
implementation, and evaluation. Wates
Village Community (children, young and
farmers ) can voice an opinion and engage
in the process of taking related decisions _
with the determination of empowerment
and development programs village tour-
based guava crystal. In the implementation,
the whole Public enthusiasm follows
assistance and training farming guava
crystal in a manner organic for group
farming and processing product from guava
crystal, packaging and marketing for group
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185
of 0.85. Meanwhile, individual characteristics
(X1) and intensity of program activities (X2) have
no direct effect on participation (Y), so that the
path coefficient and p-value are not significant.
Fit Criteria Conclusion
p < 0.05 Acceptable
p < 0.05 Acceptable
p < 0.05 Acceptable
Acceptable if <= 5, Ideally
ideally <= 3.3
Acceptable if <= 5, Ideally
ideally <= 3.3
Small >= 0.1, medium Large
>= 0.25, large >= 0.36
Acceptable if >= 0.7, Acceptable
ideally = 1
Acceptable if >= 0.7 Acceptable
Acceptable if >= 0.7 Acceptable
woman farmers. Hillesland et al., (2022) on
the other hand, empowerment activities are
multidimensional and complex concepts
that are challenging to measure, especially
in the context of the agricultural sector and
development. There is no standard
empowerment metric that is applied
consistently across the literature and there is
a wide variety of indicators that
measurement can be constructed (Brody et
al., 2017).
2) There is no significant direct effect between
the intensity of program activities and
community participation from a gender
perspective, with a coefficient score of -
0.02, p-value > 0.05. That is, a few or many
existing program activities will not
influence the participation public in
following coaching and empowerment
village. The implication is that there are
several activities carried out by village
extension workers repeatedly and many
times with the same topic, for example the
farmer participates in activities on the usage
of organic fertilizer, as well as handling
organism bully plants (OPT) like a fruit fly.
Extension farming in Wates Village has
ever organized accompaniment in a manner
intense several times with the same topic:
making Fertilizer organic Liquid (POC) to
HABITAT, 34 (2), 2023
answer the problem farmer.
Accompaniment is conducted many times
with the goal of farmers becoming more
understanding and can implement POC
manufacture. However, the farmer feels fed
up because the topic of his assistance is
repeated several times and causing a lack of
effective program assistance. According to
Jafri et al., (2015), the intensity necessary
for program implementation is an
innovation element for building room
participatory interaction. Hillesland et al.,
(2022) a high empowerment score is
achieved for the active participation of
women's groups because the program fits
the needs of the group. The empowerment
process is effectively carried out in groups
at the individual, household, and
community levels according to knowledge
and resources needed (Kabeer, 1999)
3) There is a significant influence among
environmental and social economy with
participation public in gender perspective
with a scoring coefficient of 0.85, p-value
<0.05. View, with a coefficient score of -
0.02, p-value > 0.05. That is, environmental
and social-economic aspects will influence
the participation public in following
coaching and empowerment village. As for
environmental and social indicators
economy, this is Support agencies and
institutions related to and availability of
adequate facilities. Through the economic
aspect it shows that stakeholders must have
productive activities in order to have
income and financial autonomy to reduce
dependence on other parties (Bahua, 2015).
Implementation of empowerment programs
public must be relevant to need society. The
role and participation of women in farmer
groups or in agriculture has proven to be
effective in maximizing benefits and having
a good understanding of the dimensions of
empowerment (Abdu et al., 2022).
Analyzing the program must be built from
draft score relational emerges from the
community because many more problems
are easily understood from the source
(Turmudi, 2020). Understanding the values
held by society could help design more
programs with the appropriate target. An
aligned program could increase
participation by reflecting the required
values to maintain these future programs
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ISSN: 0853-5167 (p); 2338-2007 (e)
186
(Chapman et al., 2019). The community is
urged for involvement in planning,
implementation, and program evaluation.
Semarang City Agriculture Service plays an
active role in formulating problems public
in dependency ingredients chemistry and
trouble handling pest fruit fly from crystal
guava. Providing appropriate programs and
facilities to the public as technical organic
farming, packaging and designing product
and processing post-harvest guava crystals,
make the public enthusiastic and owned
room participatory interaction.
5. Conclusion
Farmers' participation is needed for
empowerment programs' success, from planning
and implementing to monitoring and evaluating
programs Understanding the values held by the
community can help design more targeted
programs. Aligned programs can increase
participation by reflecting the values necessary to
sustain the programs in the future. Based on the
results and discussion of research in Wates
Village, community participation in
empowerment programs to increase the potential
of crystal guava commodity-based tourism
villages is directly influenced by environmental
and economic factors such as support from related
agencies and institutions and the availability of
adequate facilities. Meanwhile, aspects of
community characteristics such as age and
intensity of program implementation do not
directly affect the Wates Village community's
participation in the program. All levels of society
can express their aspirations well. In addition, the
preparation of the empowerment program
involves the community directly so that it can
answer problems and the programs compiled are
right on target. For example, the implementation
of the organic farming introduction program was
carried out to reduce people's dependence on the
use of chemicals; implementation of the Liquid
Organic Fertilizer (POC) manufacturing program
to help deal with fruit fly pests on crystal guava.
So, it should be necessary to adjust the village
extension curriculum so that it is more targeted,
does not repeat itself with the same topic, and
provides an added value impact economically.
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