Theonomous Ethics:

An Exploration of
Etymology, Definition,
and Incompatibilities
with Other Systems of
Thought
Introduction
Theonomous ethics is a philosophical
concept that emphasizes the role of
God in ethical decision making. In this
presentation, we will explore the
etymology, definition, and
incompatibilities of this concept with
other systems of thought.
Etymology
The term theonomous is derived from
the Greek words theos meaning 'God'
and nomos meaning 'law'. The term was
first used in the context of ethics by
theologian Paul Tillich in 1951.
Definition
Theonomous ethics posits that ethical
principles are derived from the
commands of God. It emphasizes the
importance of obedience to God's will
and the idea that morality is not relative,
but absolute. It is often contrasted with
autonomous ethics, which asserts that
individuals are capable of determining
moral principles without reference to
God.
Theological Foundations
The concept of theonomous ethics
is rooted in the belief that God is
the ultimate source of morality. This
belief is found in many religious
traditions, including Judaism,
Christianity, and Islam. Theological
debates over the nature of God and
the relationship between God and
humanity have influenced the
development of theonomous
ethics.
Incompatibilities with Secular
Ethics
Theonomous ethics is often seen as
incompatible with secular ethical
systems, such as utilitarianism or
Kantianism, which do not rely on divine
authority. Theonomous ethics also
challenges the idea of moral relativism,
which asserts that moral principles are
subjective and context-dependent.
Incompatibilities with Other Religious
Ethics

Theonomous ethics is not without

its critics within religious traditions.
Some argue that it can lead to a
rigid and legalistic approach to
morality, while others contend that
it is incompatible with the idea of
human free will. Theonomous
ethics also differs from other
religious ethical systems, such as
natural law ethics or virtue ethics.
Critiques of Theonomous Ethics

Critics of theonomous ethics argue

that it is based on an unprovable
assumption of the existence of God.
They also contend that it can lead
to a narrow and dogmatic
approach to morality, which does
not take into account the
complexity and diversity of human
experience.
Christian Morality

Christian source of morality

shouldn't be focused on the
morality and the philosophy of God
alone. as christians, we can follow
modern day cathechism (CCC and
PCP), saints and other moralities
that are not ancient yet practical
for our contemporary lives.
What is considered Good and Evil in theonomous
Ethics

Good:

1. Acts of compassion and kindness towards others.

2. Honesty and truthfulness in words and actions.

3. Fostering love, forgiveness, and reconciliation.

 Conclusion
In conclusion, theonomous ethics is a
philosophical concept that emphasizes
the role of God in ethical decision
making. While it has been applied in
various ways and has a strong
theological foundation, it is not without
its critics and challenges.
Understanding theonomous ethics can
provide insights into the role of religion
in moral decision making.
 References
Tillich, Paul. Systematic Theology. University of Chicago Press,
1951.
Evans, C. Stephen. Kierkegaard: An Introduction. Cambridge
University Press, 2009.
MacIntyre, Alasdair. After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory.
University of Notre Dame Press, 1981.