Perfect Ielts Writing Academic Module

SOLUTION pT Sea EU VE LU BiO) ene ES Nemo STEM BaL OR Oe I ITEPERFECT IELTS WRITING ACADEMIC MODULE William Jang NTV Cong ty TNHH NHA XUAT BAN TONG HOP Nhan Tri Viét THANH PHO HO CHi MINHLiisi \el ES Perfect IELTS Writing is a coursebook designed to prepare learners for success in the International English Language Testing System. It aims at helping learners to achieve band scores 5.0-6.5 ~ the IELTS scores that many universities require international students to have for admission to undergraduate courses. Perfect IELTS Writing presents questions, tasks, and instructions that are substantially similar to those in the actual test. The materials can be used for self-study or integrated into an IELTS preparation course. The book is also a valuable resource for teachers who are training IELTS leamers. This book provides a comprehensive guide to IELTS Writing as well as a range of model answers. Specifically, the seven parts of the book cover * detailed explanations about the two tasks of the Academic IELTS Writing test; * examples of the different types of question candidates may find in the real Writing test; * analyses of the questions and strategies needed for each type of question; + model answers that reflect the guidelines and help learners to acquire new vocabulary and grammar structures in context; and + five real Writing tests for thorough preparation. ‘On completion of Perfect IELTS Writing, you will be able to * apply useful strategies in response to the actual questions; + do the tasks in the IELTS Writing test; and + achieve your desited band score in the near future. Certainly, this book is a valuable source for your exam preparation and also an indispensable material for your English language improvement. waww.nhantriviet.com owwvenhantrivietcom + HOW TO USE THIS BOOK Academic WRITING TASKi Line coon [Number of Births and Deaths inthe UK: bre | i eae = tena | — aie el ‘You will learn the eight question types that are frequently given in Task 1 and how to develop your answers. A85 Highest increase Fy Words | peak ara too; each he Hahes Bare: ores | t | sta 60 cSt. | ] | oe > Example Sentences 100 A peak amount of 500 wes reached on Saeday | “FHP PTT lisheatit ssn A lot of pictorial information, illustrative sentences as well as key words/ phrases provide you with a solid foundation for writing reports. ‘Complete the gapped sertonces withthe appropriate werds. ‘Average Soling Price of Condominium onthe Big Ind rom 2004 to 2009, “Te average sting pce ofa corcominum onthe Bip | 13 oer ‘nome | {esl ne. ‘ter canbe sosered when onkng st | = the everege condominium price. CHECK-UP This practice section will help you to review the key words/ phrases that you have previously learned.You should spend about 20 minutes on ths task. ‘The ta Ine graph chowe tho number ef ithe and oo ee ed ee eee eet eT reer ere EXERCISE For each type of pictorial information, two exercises are given for you to practise writing Task 1 reports, following a two-step guidance. Look athe gra anc choose the best answer to each question. “4 Wat does tne worthe graph show? ‘A ith ane death counts inte Urited Kingdom 5. numberof tiers nt United Kingdom ©. roquncy ef birth in tho Unted Kngeom STEP 1 asks you to answer some questions to find out some key points about the visual information, STEP 2 requires you to complete the gapped sentences, using the key points in STEP 1 to form the report. MODEL ANSWER inioducton | The graph exhiststne Sr arc ath coursin the Unk Kadam | paneeen 1051 ora 2051 ody | The goal tend ints of the number of births nthe Uns Kngiom Ie donmard Thre wore incroeae hth bith frei 196% and 10, a thee were ony temporary. By the year 2051, he ruber cf Bite Ie expected to ht around 3.500.000 deere, Incidenialy. nout be ne of | tte es nacre nh cry cosa umber ces | | | intne Untc vag hs nen nceneng ores st aceorng vot | | 1 (7eph he deth our pete fo come lore 4.500090 9/205.Tme | | LDL lt annie eres oe ane mb eth th bal MODEL ANSWER A completed model answer for each exercise is presented for you to compare with yours. You should make notes of Useful words and expressions in this for future use. www.nhantriviet.com awww.nhantriviet.com o HOW TO USE THIS BOOK Academic WRITING TASK 2 ey EL Ancericowcs Typical Questions {@ Some poopie have Baneted rom mader communication tecnlgy, hanes other poole ‘Tenfat enter do you oe o diaproe wh tispoet? Important information about the four types of essays in Task 2 is provided in full details. W Task Analysis © Argument: Some people nave benefited tom modern communication teetcony: Counter-argument:noweres other peop have ret benefied toma a ‘Quostion: To what extant do you agree or dsagee wth thie point? ae 1 schecle should consents on seacomie cneeat, For each type of essays, you will be assisted in analysing the question in order to be able to write your essay in the right direction. Nid Approaches ‘8s Starting with the view against the topic "You may choose ta start with an ance ofthe view agaist the rele mth ist bedypararaph, tnd then ghe your courterargumont i the sec paregeph. This approach hes wey been used a 5 easy fo proce balanced ven. hich Seems to De more cong to te reader ‘You may folow he tne are vet enprecione svgosted below. This part will guide you in developing your answer fully.You should spend about 40 mites‘ his task. i i Wit about te fotowng tp: oe ee re i j i {Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knonledge EXERCISE The exercise that follows will give you an opportunity to practise writing 2 Task 2 essay, following a two-step guidance. Sco Analyse he task. Argument: Some peep have benelte fm adem communicalon eco}, Counterargumentshoworer, ther peopl have net berfid rm at af Question: To what extnt do you agro or esque with te point? | STEP 1 provides an analysis of the given question to enable you to find out some key points to be included in your essay. STEP 2 requires you to brainstorm and select specific ideas based on STEP 1 so as to produce your essay. Lifes y a7 Sea CASE Staring wit tre view agaiet the topic Introduction | 1s we thet because ol oda’ cel phones, computes ane the heme, ‘onl wil never bok a conan he Same way ac Mary peaDe fare ent the wasn are convanence of comming ‘oc, eth ‘nvalyorin parson Howsven some ones arg that tha tanate tree ‘Wo cannot cicount the fact that sore prope re etl unaware of the tenafie of the compe, theIrtamot and tho mooie phono since not MODEL ANSWER A model answer for each type of essays is provided for you to compare with yours. You should make notes of useful words and ‘expressions in this for future use. & wwwr ~www.nhantriviet.com o PREFACE 3 HOW TO USE THIS BOOK PART 1 IELTS Overview UNIT 1 IELTS Overview IELTS Introduction 18 Test Format 15 IELTS Sub-tests 16 UNIT 2 IELTS Writing Overview IELTS Writing Tasks 9 IELTS Writing Sample Test 19 UNIT 3 IELTS Band Scores Writing Marking Criteria 22 PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organi UNIT 1 Task 4 Overview Suggested Writing Procedure 36 Common Mistakes 36 UNIT 2 Report Organisation Introduction 38 Body 39 Conclusion 40 Commonly Used Expressions in Reports <4 PART 3 Types of Reports UNIT 1 Line Graph Line Graph Analysis and Vocabulary * EXERCISE 1 MODEL ANSWER * EXERCISE 2 MODEL ANSWER + UNIT 1 ANSWERS UNIT 2 Bar Graph Bar Graph Analysis and Vocabulary * EXERCISE 1 MODEL ANSWER, > EXERCISE 2 MODEL ANSWER, + UNIT2 ANSWERS: UNIT 3 Pie Chart Pie Chart Analysis and Vocabulary * EXERCISE 1 MODEL ANSWER + EXERCISE 2 MODEL ANSWER * UNITS ANSWERS. UNIT 4 Table Table Analysis and Vocabulary “EXERCISE 1 MODEL ANSWER * EXERCISE 2 MODEL ANSWER: + UNIT 4 ANSWERS UNITS Diagram Diagram Analysis and Vocabulary + EXERCISE 1 MODEL ANSWER 53 57 60 a 6 6 70 73 % 8 83 a 1 2 96 100 108 104 105 m 114EXERCISE 2 18 MODEL ANSWER, 118 = UNIT 5 ANSWERS, 19 UNIT 6 Multiple Type A Bar Graph + Line Graph Analysis, and Vocabulary 120 + EXERCISE 1 126 MODEL ANSWER, 128 + EXERCISE 2 130 MODEL ANSWER, 133 = UNIT 6 ANSWERS. 134 UNIT 7 Multiple Type B Line Graph + Pie Chart Analysis and Vocabulary 195 * EXERCISE 1 142 MODEL ANSWER, 145 EXERCISE 2 “6 MODEL ANSWER, 149 + UNIT 7 ANSWERS. 150 UNIT 8 Multiple Type C Bar Graph + Table Analysis and Vocabulary 151 + EXERCISE 1 186 MODEL ANSWER, 161 EXERCISE 2 162 MODEL ANSWER, 165 = UNIT 8 ANSWERS, 166 apie MeL. e 4 O) at PE Ae eel UNIT 1 Task 2 Overview Writing Process 168 How to Write a Good Paragraph 170 UNIT 2 Essay Organisation Introduction 172 Body 174 Conclusion 178 Nate pes of Essays UNIT 1 Agree/Disagree Task Analysis 183 Approaches. 184 + EXERCISE 186 MODEL ANSWER 1 188 MODEL ANSWER 2 189 MODEL ANSWER 3 190 UNIT 2 Advantages/Disadvantages Task Analysis 191 Approaches 192 +» EXERCISE 198 MODEL ANSWER 1 200 MODEL ANSWER 2 201 MODEL ANSWER 3 203, UNIT 3 Problem-Solution Task Analysis 206 Approaches: 207 + EXERCISE 210 MODEL ANSWER 1 212 MODEL ANSWER 2 213 UNIT 4 Discuss Both Views Task Analysis 214 Approaches 216 + EXERCISE 218 MODEL ANSWER 1 2a MODEL ANSWER 2 220 © www.nhantrivietcomwww.nhantriviet.com o CONTEN PART 6 Major Topic Areas UNIT 5 Government co TASK 1 250 MODEL ANSWER 251 UNIT 1 Animals TASK 2 252 “TASK 1 226 MODEL ANSWER 253 MODEL ANSWER zz |S TASKS 254 *TASK 2 228 MODEL ANSWER, 255 MODEL ANSWER 229 TASK 3 230 AiGDEL ANSWER zo | UNITS Language & Culture *TASK1 256 MODEL ANSWER 257 UNIT 2 Computers + TASK 2 258 + TASK 1 232 MODEL ANSWER, 259 MODEL ANSWER 2g |S TASK3 260 “TASK 2 294 MODEL ANSWER 261 MODEL ANSWER 238 + TASK3 236 MODEL ANSWER, 237 mnie ee *TASK 1 262 MODEL ANSWER 263 UNITS Education “TASK 2 264 *TASK1 208 MODEL ANSWER, 265 MODEL ANSWER 2s TASKS. 208 “TASK 2 240 MODEL ANSWER, 267 MODEL ANSWER eat *TASK3 2a 5 CDEDANEWER mag |CUNIT® Mass Media + TASK 1 268 MODEL ANSWER 260 UNIT 4 Environment + TASK 2 270 *TASK 1 20a MODEL ANSWER an MODEL ANSWER 245 “TASKS: 22 *TASK2 246 MODEL ANSWER, 273 MODEL ANSWER 207 + TASK3 2g MODEL ANSWER 249oaaseun| WRITING UNIT 9 Nations “TASK 1 MODEL ANSWER “TASK 2 MODEL ANSWER “TASKS MODEL ANSWER UNIT 10 Occupations “TASK 1 MODEL ANSWER + TASK2 MODEL ANSWER “TASKS MODEL ANSWER, UNIT 11 Science & Technology “TASK 1 MODEL ANSWER + TASK 2 MODEL ANSWER + TASK 3 MODEL ANSWER UNIT 12 Society + TASK 1 MODEL ANSWER + TASK 2 MODEL ANSWER “TASKS MODEL ANSWER 274 275, 276 amr 278 279 280 281 282 288 284 285 288 287 288 289 290 2a 292 293 204 295 296 207 UNIT 13 Sports + TASK 1 MODEL ANSWER + TASK 2 MODEL ANSWER +TASK 3 MODEL ANSWER UNIT 14 Travel & Tourism + TASK 1 MODEL ANSWER, = TASK 2 MODEL ANSWER, * TASK 3 MODEL ANSWER: 208, 229 300 302 303 304 205 308 307 308 309 PART 7 REAL TESTS + TEST 1 + TEST 2 + TESTS + TEST 4 + TESTS * MODEL ANSWERS. 312 34 316 318 820 302 = www.nhantriviet.com12PART 1 IELTS Overview UNIT 1. IELTS Overview - UNIT 2. IELTS Writing Overview UNIT 3. IELTS Band Scores EUTE ey|| IELTS Overview IELTS Introduction IELTS 's short for the International English Language Testing System, which was introduced in 1989. It is an English language proficiency test that is required to be taken by non-native students for immigration to and studying in English-speaking countries like Australia, the UK, New Zealand, or Canada. It is now used for this purpose around the globe and IELTS tests are held in ‘over 1,000 locations across the world with tests up to four times a month. ‘The IELTS is managed by three main institutions: the British Council, IDP: IELTS Australia, and the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL). Band 9 Expert User Band 8 Very Good User Band 7 Good User Band 6 Competent User Band 5 Modest User Band 4 Limited User Band 3 Extremely Limited User Band 2 Intermittent User Band 1 Non-user Test Format IELTS candidates can choose between the two versions of the test — Academic or General Train- ing — depending on their academic or professional aims, or visa requirements. This choice must be made when applying to sit the test. All candidates take the same Listening and Speaking tests but different Reading and Writing tests. Academic Module The Academic IELTS test is necessary for candidates who plan to study at university (undergraduate or postgraduate courses) and will test the candidates’ ability to both understand and use complex academic language. General Training Module ‘The IELTS General Training module is for candidates seeking entry to @ secondary school or to vo- cational training courses, and also for those who wish to apply for immigration to countries such as Canada, Australia, or New Zealand. S www.niIELTS Sub-tests TeScrnie) Pies 40 Questions Wane ere ue gine Gli) cS leer Conic. General Training Writing Sei) Perris = [i] Cora: een a 2 Tasks (150 and 250 words) matics Tone 1. Listening The IELTS Listening test is the same for both the Academic and General Training modules. Can- didates will isten to a recording and answer a series of questions. The recording is played ONCE only. The Listening test is in four sections, with 10 questions in each (i.e. a total of 40 questions) in order of increasing difficulty. The Listening test will last about 30 minutes with an extra 10 minutes at the end for the candidates to transfer their answers to an answer sheet. Interaction _ | Number of ques Section 1 A social or transactional dialogue 2 speakers 10 Section 2 {A talk or short speech on a general topic 1 speaker 10 Section | A conversation in an academic context | 2-4 speakers 10 Section 4 | An academic lecture 1 speaker 10 ntriviet.com o PERFECT IELTS WRITING2. Reading ‘The IELTS Reading test lasts 60 minutes. Reading passages and test questions are shown to candidates on a test booklet. While doing the test, candidates can write anything on the test booklet, but they are not allowed to take it out of the test room. Candidates will write their answers on an answer sheet. Unlike the Listening test, they will have no time to transfer their answers. Specifically, candidates have to read the three passages, answer the questions, and mark their answers within 60 minutes’ test time. On the whole, the Reading tests on the Academic and the General Training modules are quite the same in terms of the time limit, tasks and number of questions, but they are slightly different in topics and sources. Academic Reading eed 60 minutes | Three passages and 40 General topics written journals, magazines, questions of different types for a general audience | books, newspapers, etc. General Training Reading Eos 60 minutes | Three passages and 40 Basic social topics | notices, flyers, timetables, documents, questions of different | of general interest | newspaper articles, instructions, types manuals, etc. ‘As you can see from these tables, there are three reading passages given in the Reading test. The difficulty level of the passages increases from the first passage to the last. In other words, the first passage is easy; the second is more difficult; and the last one is the hardest from the language point of view. Each passage may have more than one type of questions. For example, candidates may be asked to find detailed information in @ passage by either identifying the writer's views to decide whether some statements are true or false or understanding how something works in order to complete a diagram or separate sentences or a summary, etc. 3. Writing While all candidates take the same Listening and Speaking tests, they sit different Reading and Writing tests, depending on whether they have selected the Academic module or the General Training module. These two do not carry the same weight and are not interchangeable. Overall, Tasks 1 of the two modules are quite different, but Tasks 2 are alike. PART 1 IELTS Overview § iF18 PERFECT IELTS WRITING Academic Writing Task 4 of this module asks candidates to write @ descriptive report of at least 150 words on ‘some graphic or pictorial information in their own words, usually for a university lecturer. The tasks may include describing trends in a graph or links in a process, then comparing and/or contrasting two different sets of data. General Training Writing Task 1 of this module asks candidates to write a letter of a minimum of 150 words in response to a situation or problem. Typical situations centre round complaining about something, request- ing information, asking for help, making arrangements and/or explaining e situation. All of these are fairly similar tasks, which can be written in informal, semi-formal, or formal styles. Task 2 of both Modules Tasks 2 of both the Academic module and the General Training module are the same. Candidates are asked to write a short essay of a minimum of 250 words in about 40 minutes. The essay is usually a discussion of @ subject of general interest. Candidates have to present and justify an opinion about something, offer solutions to a problem, or speculate about future trends, etc. Task 2 is not an easy part of the exam. It is more academic and demanding; therefore, it lasts longer than Task 4. 4. Speaking The IELTS Speaking test is the same for both the Academic and General Training modules. It is different from the other parts of the test because it is a one-to-one interaction between a candidate and an examiner. The three parts in the test give the candidate an opportunity to use a range of different speaking skills. Noticeably, the Speaking test is recorded. ‘The following table is the format of the IELTS Speaking test: ee ee Time Part 1 | Introduction The examiner introduces himself/herself and 4-5 minutes |;a.Jntenvew ||’ confiims the Gencidele's identity by aakiig ques” | tions about the candidate. Next, the examiner asks the candidate about familiar topics. Part 2 | Individual The examiner asks the candidate to speak for | 3-4 minutes Long Turn 1-2 minutes on a particular topic. Information is | (including one-minute given on a card and the candidate has 1 minute | preparation) 10 prepare before he/she starts. The exami asks one or two questions after the candidate's presentation. PartS | Two-way The examiner invites the candidate to participate | 4-5 minutes Discussion ina discussion on a more abstract topic related 40 the topic on the card in Part 2.‘ay IELTS Writing Overview A IELTS Writing Tasks There are two writing tasks and both must be completed within 60 minutes. In Task 1, candidates have to describe some visual information in their own words (a graph, table, chart, or diagram). They have to write at least 150 wards in about 20 minutes. In Task 2, candidates are given a point of view, an argument, or a problem which needs discussing. They have to write at least 250 words in about 40 minutes. Candidates are required: * to write their answers in complete sentences, * not to write their answers as notes or bullet points, and « to write the answers on their answer sheet, (They are allowed to write notes on the question paper, but these will not be seen by the examiner) IELTS Writing Sample Test 1. Academic Writing Task 1 WRITING TASK 4 ‘The time mit fr this task is no more than 20 minutes. me You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Teen DL | Teton issiated. | ee Wel oni ae ned ae alee ee | STi cui aoa eae aaa kaa une ae | es sees |... The task question is given, | Write at least 150 words. ‘The minimum rumber of words | 4 requited forts task is 150 | 7 7 } a Data of entry to the U.K. | este | | | com “The data are always given in| the visual/graphic form (graph, | chart, table, or diagram), iet www.nhantri PART | IELTS Overview 192. Academic Writing Task 2 WRITING TASK 2 ss ‘The time limit fr this task is about 40 minutes. y You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: ‘iscussion on a subject of general interest) Dare Lape ce ee ‘The topic is clearly given. itis usualy @ Creede mE eet ane een Peace Eos eo ee fee cacaes Give reasons for your answers and include any relevant examplss.. from your own knowledge or experience. ‘The task question is given. (Candidates Write at least 250 words. are usually asked to present and lusily A their opinion about something offer a so- | lution to a problem, express an opinion, i fr speculate about future tends, etc) The minimum number of vords required for this task is 250. 20 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGUa ae} IELTS Band Scores Markers are trained to understand the IELTS marking policy and are required to demonstrate that ‘they can mark to standard before they are allowed to mark Listening and Reading tests. Markers are re-tested every two years to ensure that their marking remains up to standard. Systematic ing and double marking of a proportion of answer sheets is carried out at each adminis- tration. Examiners for the Writing and Speaking tests are recruited and trained in line with agreed stand- ards. They are required to demonstrate that they are marking to standard every two years in addition to ongoing monitoring of their performance. IELTS is a multilevel exam, so there is no pass or fail in the IELTS test. Candidates are graded on their performance with a band score from 1 to 9 for each sub-test ~ Listening, Reading, Writ- ing, and Speaking, The results from the four subtests then produce an Overall Band Score and are reported in whole and half bands, e.g, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, eto. Most targeted universities often demand an IELTS score of over 6.5. They may also demand a minimum score in each sub-test. This unique 9-band system measures scores in a consistent manner — wherever and whenever the test is taken, ie. it is intemationally recognised. Below is a summary of the IELTS 9-band scale descriptors. Band 9: An expert user has fully operational command of the language: appropriate, accurate and fluent with complete understanding, Band 8: A very good user has fully operational command of the language with only occasional unsystematic inaccuracies and inappropriateness (i.e. misunderstandings may occur in unfamiliar situations) and handles complex detailed argumentation well. Band 7: A good user has operational command of the language, though with occasional inaccure- cies (there may be inappropriateness and misunderstandings in some situations) and generally handles complex language well and understands detailed reasoning. Band 6: A competent user has generally effective command of the language despite some inaccuracies and is able to use and understand fairly complex language, particularly in familiar situations. Band 5: A modest user has partial command of the language, coping with overall meaning in most situations, though he/she is likely to make many mistakes, and should be able to handle basic communication in his/her own field. Band 4: A limited user’s basic competence is limited to familiar situations; he/she has frequent problems in understanding and expression and is not able to use complex language. Band 3: An extremely limited user conveys and understands only general meaning in very familiar situations and frequent breakdowns in communication occur. Band 2: An intermittent user has no real communication apart from the most basic information (ie. using isolated words or short formule in familiar situations) and has great difficulty in under standing spoken and written English. PART 1 IELTS Overview t.comBand 1: A non-user essentially has no ability to use the language beyond possibly a few isolated words. Band 0: Certain candidates did not attempt the test: No assessable information is provided. Since July 4, 2007, both whole-number and half-band scores, such as 5.5, 6.5, are given for the Speaking and Writing tests. If the average score is not a whole number or a half number, it is rounded to the nearest whole number or half number. Writing Marking Criteria The writing tasks assess whether a candidate meets the requirements based on his or her ulti mate goal of taking the test. However, the Academic module expects the more formal requirements of a higher education establishment as is generally demanded in an academic context. Generally, your tasks will be marked from 1 to 9 on the four areas mentioned below. Task 2 is more important than Task 1. Hence, for the final mark, more weight is assigned to Task 2 than to Task 1. IELTS Writing tasks are scored based on how a candidate responds on these four marking ori- teria: Task Fulfillment, Coherence and Cohesion, Lexical Resource, and Grammatical Range and Accuracy. ‘Task Fulfillment: This comprises Task Achievement and Task Response for Task 1 and Task 2 respectively. This criterion concerns whether you addressed all parts of the question, and also whether you fully developed all parts of your answer. Coherence and Cohesion: Coherence refers to your writing being easy to understand, and cohesion refers to the way all parts of it fit together, such as the variety of sentence structures, correct patagraphing, and appropriate use of connective devices. Lexical Resource: This criterion is based on whether your use of vocabulary is appropriate, varied, and accurate or not. Grammatical Range and Accuracy: This refers to alll aspects of grammar and how well they are applied in your writing. These also include spelling and punctuation. For each writing task, the four marking criteria are applied equally. Except for the first one — Task Fulfillment, the others three are the same for both tasks. 1. Task Fulfillment As mentioned above, Task Fulfillment involves Task Achievement and Task Response for Task 1 and Task 2 respectively. Specifically: ‘Task Achievement (To what extent have you done what the task asks you to do?) ‘Task Response (Is your point of view clear, well developed, and relevant to what the question asks?) PERFECT IELTS WRITINGLook at the example below. Academic Writing Task 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. eee ee eee ae gree es ‘Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, eae ee eee aces a | Write at least 150 words. Labour Costs | 90 5 20 18 Ccity Deity city Task Achievement In terms of this criterion, you have to strictly follow these pieces of advice: @ Read the question carefully Read the question carefully and underline all the information you need to include. @ Answer all parts of the task Often, Task 1 questions will give you 2 or 3 points to consider, for example: Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. If you fail to answer all parts of the question, you will get a penalty and this may mean losing a whole band score. This depends really on how many details there are in the question. If there is only ‘one graph and it does not have much numerical data in it, then you will be expected to include all or nearly all of the numerical details. If, however, you have two graphs, both of which are very complicated with lots of values, you will not be expected to include everything as you only have 150 words to do the job. What you will have to do is select the most important and significant details that need to be included to accurately describe the graphs. © Describe factual information What you need to do here is factually describe the graph. You do not need to analyse the data. For example, you do not need to give reasons for why figures are high or low. Sometimes, when there is more than one graph, there is a relationship between the two and you can bring in some ‘comparison but more than this is not necessary. In the same way, neither specialised knowledge PART 1 IELTS Overviewhanti 24 nor your own opinions are needed or wanted. In short, the main features given in the graph, chart, table, or diagram must be reported and candidates’ personal opinion must not be included. Look at the statements below to see the most appropriate ones to form a good report for the bar chart shown on page 23. V/ The wages for time worked are almost the same in B city, C city, and D city. YE city and F city are the two cities whose labour costs are the most expensive. Compared with 8 city, A city workers are paid half as much as B city workers. ¥/_The highest labour cost is in F city, which is nearly four times as $ much as s that in Acity. |W Ecity has the highest wage, which is $20 per hour. In F city, the wage is nearly the same as that in E city. Y¥ Acity offers the lowest wage, which is only $5 per hour. It is only one fourth of the approximate wage offered in E city, The highest wages are offered/found in E city and F city, but F city expends more money on _ other labour costs than E city. “In D city, workers’ wages are almost equal to other labour costs. | __Acity’s other labour expenditure is almost the same as E city's. |___Acity pays its workers $5 per hour and spends $4 for other labour costs. ‘Y. Acity has the lowest labour cost/expenaiture compared to al cities -¥_ Inall cities in the example, the expenditure for wages is higher than for other labour costs. | VW F city has the highest ‘expenditure when wages and other labour costs are added. "Y/ im E city, the wages given are much more than in the other cities, excepts for F city, in which workers are paid almost the same amount as in E city. vit can be concluded that F city's labour cost is the highest, while E city's ranks second. ‘The statements that are ticked should be included in the description of the bar chart to meet the requirements of Task Achievement. Eze Academic Writing Task 2 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: > eM ee eee ee ie RW ee Ue da aS ae ee og ee eC a ee ee) from primary school curriculums. Mera Ca ee Nels ete CL oe Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge ‘or experience. Write at least 250 words.<. @ PERFECT IELTS WAITINGTask Response In order to score high for this criterion, you have to strictly follow these pieces of advice: @ Read the task carefully First of all, you should read the question very carefully in order to see exactly what it asks you to do. Very often, there will be more than one part to the question. The first step in writing any essay is to read and interpret the question correctly. It is essential ‘that you have a complete understanding of the question. In the Academic Task 2 Writing, candidates may be required to present an argument for or against a proposition, justify an opinion, or suggest solutions to a certain problem. @ Address all parts of the task and present a clear position throughout the task When giving your answer, you must fully address all parts of the task. How much you write on each part depends on how important you think it is and you must state your position in the introduction and then explain your position in more detail in each paragraph. @ Extend and support main ideas Your essay should have a fully developed answer to the question with relevant and extended ideas, and you should support your ideas with reasons, facts, or examples from your own experience. Look at the statements below to see the most appropriate ones to form a good essay for the task shown on page 24. vi Young ch g children always have opportunities to learn music in extracurricular activities. ‘tis costly for schools to provide spacious areas for PE classes. ‘V/ itis burdensome for schools to buy expensive musical instruments like pianos. vi Academic knowledge is useful and practical when students hunt for jobs later on. V0 We should leave out some subjects because there are already many of them in the students’ curriculum. Music and sports can help develop children’s talents as well as academic subjects. “Vf Schools could help children when their parents cannot afford music lessons. ‘¥/ Learning sports is a good way to teach children about teamwork and coop: ¥ Students should not just be sitting all day long in the classroom and they need active lessons such as sports. Yearning music can develop the right brain wrile academic subjects help with the left brain. _ Primary school teaches: children many thir sul For children from low-income families, @ primary school may be the only one they can go to in Ife. that could affect their values in their future life. ‘When children attend primary schools, they lear how to spell words and write, Parents can take off (pass on) the burden when Itis an effective method of reducing juvenile crime rates when sending them to schoo’. ‘The statements that are ticked should be included in your essay to meet the requirements of Task Response. PART 1 IELTS Over ntriviet.com nD a2. Coherence and Cohesion ‘These two are interrelated, which is why they are done together. Coherence refers to how easy itis ‘to understand your writing. There needs to be a clear progression of ideas throughout the essay. Cohesion is how all parts of your writing fit together. This means that your paragraphs and sentences should link to each other by cohesive devices. Look at the example below. arelae} Reeds Aa eres esse ec eu Ra a os Re noe Reet m oe oot a ncn mee a ligence and ability have contributed to how youngsters are pressured to get into good universities Cate Rei ao ome Set SUS eg LE Meso effect of competition; however, it also adds to tension and anxiety. Although we are blessed with Giese use ee oc Coc a ML a eR CL Ig ‘work, commuting to and from work, or meeting their responsibilities and obligations at hore or in Crete segs ae eee mom a cae Cena ees a) Manse eau ces Nae CN acu ete MRC Reseed Cec ee ee Ceo ees Unease Ue roa ey uN tees Cie ca eMac a a OMe Oem Re Ue eRe mea one discipline and confidence in the youth. In addition, when people feel that they are too stressed, they EMR hus de Sku ae Ua Cot cae Ae Eden oe tion or travel to interesting places. Coherence Coherence refers to the overall structure of the essay. In other words, itis the connection of ideas at the idea level, which includes developing and supporting your argument (e.g. thesis statement development), synthesising, organising and clarifying ideas. On the other hand, cohesion is more specific, which means the connection of ideas at the sentence level. It pays attention to links between words, sentences, and paragraphs. It focuses on the grammatical aspects of writing. © Paragraphing Good use of paragraphing is part of the marking for Coherence and Cohesion. For the IELTS Academic Task 1 Writing, you should have a paragraph for your short introduction, @ paragraph for each graph/chart that you are describing and a paragraph for your ending, If there is only one graph/chart to be described, then you should split your writing into 2 or maybe & 3 paragraphs for your report. @ For Task 2, you will be writing longer and it is, therefore, more important to divide your writing up = into divisions to make it easier to read. The best writings are those where there are paragraphs 5 Separated by an empty line. It, hence, gives organisation to your writing and makes it more reada- ' ble. You should aim to write a two- or three-paragraph body plus the introduction and conclusion. = = nD Py PERFECT IELTS WRITING@ Topic sentence Every paragraph should include a topic sentence that identifies the main idea of the paragraph. A topic sentence also states the point the writer wishes to make about that subject. Generally, the topic sentence should he specific enough to express the main point of the whole paragraph. It may appear at the beginning or at the end of the paragraph ® Writing the conclusion For Task 4, a conclusion may be optional. It is noted that the one which gives any kind of opinion about the significance of the information must be totally avoided. For Task 2, this should not be a long paragraph. You just sum up your points, providing a final perspective on your topic. Read the model essay below and the explanations on the right-hand side. Introduction People living in modem society are constantly faced with stressful situations. Although our lives have been made easier with new technological innovations, our current fast-paced lifestyles have also made us more stressed. In this Tiss the thesis stale essay, | will discuss some of the causes of stress and how it can be alleviated.<-ment that ientifes the main idee of tho essay. Body _/Bech body paragraph First, extreme competition in school and in the workplace is one cause of*” ahah fe stress. Jobs today demand higher levels of expertise. The requirements; main ee accurately for superiority in terms of intelligence and ability have contributed to how | sttan io appeal to the youngsters are pressured to get into good universities in order to get a great; =a" education. in companies, employees and even those who already hold high '... supporting sentences positions are threatened by the younger generation who may be more familiar | must be added 1o each with current trends and technological advancements. As a result, they push | Dedy paragraph by themselves to do their best. This is @ good effect of compelition; however, it | P9,Ret evvence also adds to tension and anxiety. ¥ “ connecennnethe nxt Body Second, our fast-paced lifestyles rob us of time to relax and unwind. Although _peragraph star's with we are blessed with modern conveniences, many people are pressed for time. nae ee Their time is consumed by doing their work, commuting to and from work, hat tne paragraph wil or meeting their responsibilities and obligations at home or in the workplace. be about People have less time for themselves or for their families. There are many ways to alleviate stress. One way to avoid this is for people to psychologically and physically prepare themselves to face the demands of society. Since parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community, they should strive to prepare their children by giving them proper education. Parents and guardians should do their best to instill disci- line and confidence in the youth. in addition, when people feel that they are too stressed, they should find time to relax or indulge themselves in their fa- vorite activities. They could also go on vacation or travel to interesting places. www.nhantriviet.com PART 1 IELTS Overview 27Conclusion In conclusion, some causes of stress are competition and having a fast-paced life- style, Fortunately, there are also ways to relieve the stress of everyday life. believe so cion wo must always bo aware that from time to time, our minds and our bodies need ~~ symmarses ihe man some time to relax and unwind, We should know what our limits are and endeavor paints. ot only to mest the demands of society, but also our own personal demands. ‘The conclusion serves to signal the end of the essay by summarising the main points or restating the thesis or leaving the reader with the writer's thought on the subject; however, it should not bring up @ new one. Cohesion ‘There are a number of different ways to create cohesion. Some of these include using transitional devices and reference words appropriately and effectively. Benes Semi The older generation feels challenged by younger people. They push themselves to do their Cee ees ieaae eo ceum eet en nS a eoee een Fe ese ee ares te eee Sc ee © Using transitional devices Cohesion helps make it clear to the reader how sentences and paragraphs are connected. These connections can be made by using transitional devices, as suggested on page 29. Example A should be connected like this: ‘The older generation feels challenged by younger peoplé. As a result, they push themselves to do do their best. This is a good effect of competition ; however, it also causes tension and anxiety. @ Using reference words Another way to show how sentences are related is pronouns (he, she, sessive adjectives (his, her, etc.), or demonstratives (this, that, these, those), iim, her, ete.), pos- Example 8 should be connected as below: Leah appreciates art. it helps her to express her thoughts and feelings. On the next page is a list of useful transitional words/phrases, conjunctions and conjunctive adverbs that should be used for a coherent and cohesive paragraph or essay. hantriviet.com www 28 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGTransitional Words/Phrases Tae Ee Genes Coeur Coenen) or Contr: however conversely third inthe same | consequently | besides after manner because of | furthermore before instead on account of in addition during likewise since moreover earlier nevertheless | so second finally nonetheless | then too later on the contrary | therefore now similarly thus meanwhile yet next last then son Ft eter Effect ried also as well accordingly as a result See as an illustration for example for instance in particular especially even indeed in fact Conjunctions accordingly again also not only... but as though as if just as ‘as much as Comey moreover nevertheless: otherwise Cera Eg ped ; Nevertheless, | consequently, ; however, ; moreover, ; otherwise, ; indeed, Subordinating Devices after {as soon as before since unt when whenever L while as since though whereas although while www.nhantriviet.com PART 1 IELTS Overview 293. Lexical Resource This criterion looks at your choice of words. To get a good mark for this, you should use not only accurate but also wide-ranging, natural, and academic lexis. In addition, you must not use abbreviations like e.g, pis., etc. 2s well as contracted forms like can’t, don’t and slang such as wanna, gonna. Look at the example below: esi fee sea ies aes ie Nace Aa Rate ce Uc Mg YY eigen ae SoC ae Re A Oa Se eonay us more stresed. In this essay, | will chat with you about the starting place of stress and how it can be cut out. Below are some guidelines you should fallow to produce a good version: @ Use a wide range of synonyms You are graded on the variety of your language with precision and full flexibility. This means that you need to use different words instead of repeating the same vocabulary items. @ Use appropriate lexis ‘The examiner will look at whether the right words are used and whether they are used at the right time, in the right place, and in the right way. You should note that this does not mean you need to use long, complex words; rather, you should use precise words. © Replace unnecessarily repeated words Instead of writing very very beautiful, truly beautiful is highly appreciated in academic writing. @ Use collocations Collocation is @ very important concept for any language learners. When you learn vocabulary, do Not learn one word at a time but learn word combinations and try to employ them in your writing. @ Use the right form of words Sometimes it is hard to tell the difference between grammar and vocabulary. One thing you need to do is not just use the right word, but the right form of the word; for example, writing altference when you need the noun and afferent when you need the adjective, © Write correct spelling Either American or British spelling is accepted. The important thing is you should choose one particular way and stick to it. It is suggested that you spare some last minutes for checking and editing spelling mistakes. www. 30 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGLook at how the example paragraph on page 30 has been modified to meet the requirements of Lexical Resource. People living in modem society are-- always faced with --bad-things. @ feonstent, og [stressful situations continuously, ® }+taxing experience continually, hectic events ‘Aithough our lives have been made -reelly-reelly-reelly easier with new things, @ Lapsolutely our; very-fast lifestyles have also made us more - stresed. In this essay, | wil @lL tast-paced © |. stressed chat with you about --the starting place-of- stress and how it can be cut out. ®'+some causes of stress ® Always is a common word; its synonyms such as constantly, continuously, continually, ete. should be used instead. @ Bad things is too general; more specific phrases as listed above should be used instead. @ Really has been repeated unnecessarily; absolutely will help show your wide range of lexis. @ Very fast is used too commonly; fast-paced as an attributive adjective should be used instead. © Stressed is the correct spelling, @ Starting place of stress is wrongly used the correct word choice should be some causes of stress. 4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy Grammatical Range refers to how well a wide range of structures is applied in your writing. It is important that you should not use only one type of structure but employ varieties and complexi- ties of sentence structures. Also remember that grammar is not just about tenses, but also about how you organise your sentences. ‘As far as Grammatical Accuracy is concerned, academic writing employs the standard written form of the language. You must, therefore, use your English precisely and accurately. Look at the two examples below and find out what errors have been made in terms of grammatical accuracy. ene Suc See SU Ae ace Rae omen ar co eel) Parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community they should strive to prepare their children by giving tham proper education. PART 1 IELTS Overview 3 www.n@ The writer of Example A has made an error of fragments. The sentence is not an independent clause, so it cannot stand by itself as @ complete thought. @ Example B is a run-on sentence, That's, it consists of two clauses that run together without proper punctuation The two examples above may be corrected as below: Example A Since parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community, they should strive to prepare their children by giving them proper education. Parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community. Example B Parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community. They should strive to prepare their children by giving them proper education. Parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community; they should strive to prepare their children by giving them proper education. Parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community, so they should strive to prepare their children by giving them proper education. Since parents nowadays are aware of the competition in school and in the community, they should strive to prepare their children by giving them proper education. 32 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGPART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation UNIT 4. Task 1 Overview UNIT 2. Report Organisation wwe.nhantriviet.com 3334Oi Ta fay), Task 1 Overview The IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 is not an easy part of the test. Candidates are expected to write 2 descriptive report of at least 150 words on some graphic or pictorial information (graph, chart, table, or diagram) in their own words, usually for 4 university lecturer. The task may require candidates to describe trends in a graph or links in a process. ‘Sometimes, they may be asked to compare and contrast two different sets of data. This task aims at assessing the candidate’s descriptive ability. It is recommended that no more than 20 minutes be spent on this task. In order to obtain a high mark, you should pay close attention to the content, organisation, and. language of your writing, 1. Content There must be adequate descriptive information as required in the task instructions. 2. Organisation + There should be three main parts in the description, + The passage should be written with unity and coherence, + There is logical paragraphing and appropriate organisation of information, and + There is clarity and logie in the answer. 3, Language * Vocabulary and grammar must be used correctly, and * There should be a wide range of structures and vocabulary. Important tips Om UNC Mmmm PCs Re Rn Mec Ue eRe the data or to compare and/or contrast them. This task, actually, tests candidates’ ability to Secu Ra an eM MeN esse Ra Un eee ol CT Maun Met Mola ree mel sean a PP MOM oe Mes Maceo k oer g-U Kes a nC ALU Peon aac mee ucus nial acme Renee Ue Additionally, the passage must be of logical paragraphing with an introduction, a well- erase acts Py Ren een a ce ese mee wie ate eee mmr ee ic Pola cron areata si eee . You must write at least 150 words since failure to do so will be penalised. PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation 35,Suggested Writing Procedure Task 4 Writing is considered an important academic skill as it is intended for a university lecturer. It is advisable that you apply the steps below when doing it. Step 1 | Previewing| You may spend about § minutes doing the follow & Planning | (1) The task tells you what information is displayed, so, use this information in your description (2) Highlight the key points required in the task instructions. (@) Note the times given in the visual form for your correct use of tenses. (4) Think of key ideas and jot them down, then plan how you are going to organise your report passage. Step 2 ‘Your report passage should include these * Introduction (1-2 sentences) + Body (5-8 sentences) Conclusion (optional) parts: (1) Introduction The introductory sentence(s) state(s) what you are going to describe. (2) Body The following points should be applied: * Using complete sentences to describe the given information ® Including significant information together with examples that support your description | © Using appropriate tenses ~ mostly past tenses. The present passive voice is, | often more appropriate when giving a description of a process or procedure * Adding appropriate transitional devices (3) Conclusion [optional A simple conclusion may include any of the following, where relevant: significant comments ¢ an overall summary of the key points | Step 3 |Checking | You should spend the last few minutes checking your report for errors in spelling, vocabulary, or grammar. © Common Mistakes Candidates usually find Task 1 challenging since most statistical information is represented in graphic forms. As a result, they may make the following mistakes in their writing, www.n 36 PERFECT IELTS WRITING1. Not including important information This is a very common mistake owing to the fact that candidates cannot read the information quickly and do not know how many details should be included in their report passage. Consequence: The criterion of Task Achievement cannot be met. 2. Giving reasons A serious mistake candidates often make in Task 4 is giving subjective explanations for the data in the chart/graph while they are asked to factually describe, compare, and/or contrast the main features in the char/graph. Consequence: The criterion of Task Achievement cannot be met. 3. Not developing answers sufficiently Candidates may not cover all the requirements of the task by presenting, highlighting, comparing and/or contrasting the key points appropriately. Especially, when there is more than one graph, there is a relationship between the two and you should do some comparison, but more than this is not necessary. Consequence: The criterion of Task Achievement cannot be met. 4. Presenting answers in an unclear form Candidates’ writing is not well structured because the introduction, body, and conclusion are not clearly shown. Consequence: The criterion of Coherence and Cohesion cannot be met (due to the error in paragraphing). 5. Using limited lexis and making spelling mistakes Candidates cannot use wide-ranging, natural, and academic lexical items and make a lot of spelling mistakes. Consequence: The criterion of Lexical Resource cannot be met. 6, Making grammatical mistakes The report passage has not been written with a variety of structures and grammar accuracy. Consequence: The criterion of Grammatical Range and Accuracy cannot be met. PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation t.com atr 37a, Report Organisation The information given in the visual form must be accurately and coherently presented in at least 150 words. Generally, it should contain at least an introduction and @ body. Sometimes, a conclusion may be added if necessary. Introduction 1. Structure You should begin your introduction with one or two sentences that state(s) what the graph/chart shows, as suggested below: Tee eue oka ke Mua coun naceecen sna cage eae} overall) Strategies 1, Briefly introduce the type(s) of visual information (bar graph, line graph, pie chart, etc.) 2. Do not copy the exact words given in the task instructions. 3. If you cannot identify the main trend(s), move on to the body. 4, Use the present simple tense in this first introductory sentence. 2. Illustrative example The graph below shows the area of land from which grain was harvested. ‘Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make ‘comparisons where relevant. 300 750 709 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300, "1950 Doubling of word wwe. nhantriviet.com 38 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGYou may start with a simple descriptive statement like this: ‘The graph shows the grain harvest area in millions of hectares between 1950 and 2000. common introductory paraphrase ofthe subject Intrmation in vartesl axle information in herzontal axis. phase You may go on to state the main trend in the graph. | In general, the harvest area increased until 1980, at which point there was a reduction in the ‘common prvate upward vend ounwera wend area harvested due to retrenchment. reason forthe redueton The entire introduction for the line graph above should read like this: ‘The graph shows the grain harvest area in millions of hectares between 1950 and 2000. In general, the harvest area increased until 1980, at which point there was a reduction in the area harvested ‘due to retrenchment. Note that you have to paraphrase. Never copy the exact wording given in the task. Your score will certainly suffer due to copying, Look at the two versions below: The graph shows the grain harvest area in millions of hectares between 1950 and 2000 aa ‘The grach reveals the grain harvest area in millions of hectares over a 50-year period. Body Below the introduction, you should leave an empty line before starting the body. This is part of the requirements of Coherence. 1. Use the written language for your description When discussing the data presented in the task, you should identify significant trends and give examples that relate directly to the given information to support your statements. If you are explaining @ process or an object and how it works, you need to group your information so that it follows a definite logical order. Remember that the use of verbs expressed in the present passive voice is often appropriate when giving a description of a process or procedure. Your job here is to select what is important, organise it, and compare and/or contrast. Based on the types of the Visual information and the data shown, you have to use different vocabulary and expressions in the body. There are six types of visual information and three major kinds of data as presented on the next page. riviet.cSix types of visual information Teen) 2. Write with academic language In the task instructions, you often read this statement: Describe the information in the following graph to a group of college students, or Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below. No matter who “the readeris)" given in the task question is/are, you must always use academic or formal language in your report passage. You have to provide the examiner with a variety of language (appropriate vocabulary and a good range of sentence structures), which is written accurately and appropriately to show what you are capable of. 3. Do not report mechanically You should never use only one structure to mechanically report what is seen in the graph/ chart. A good report should contain a few remarkable features, and then explain what the things represented have in common, the general trends, or the most important information, or explain how they are different, some things that are different to the general trends, or some less important information (necessary comparisons must be made to show not only the general changes but major detailed differences). Also, you have to use correct tenses based on the data shown. 4, Never include your own opinions When doing Task 4, you have to factually describe the graphic information. You must not interpret the data or include your personal opinions. For instance, you should never give your comment on why there was an increase or a decrease in the figures shown in the graph/chart, In other words, analysing the causes, giving recommendations, or giving personal conclusions must be totally avoided in this task. Mae eeu Mem Cel aclstege oad ae Meuse Meme tse ona CNA ma CesT less efficient you become and the quality wil fall. Ideally, you should write between 160-180 words. Therefore, if two sentences of about 20 words have been written in the introduction and See ees eee ae ee Ree Rees A ase) $ Conclusion © Acconelusion is not always necessary in your passage. This will depend, to some extent, on how you have written it, You may not need a conclusion if: 40 PerFect IELTS WAITING1. You have written a strong introduction and identified the main patterns/trends of the chart graph in the introduction, 2. You have written very clear topic sentences in your m: are already clear and cannot easily be summarised. 3. You have described two or three charts/graphs and there cannot be one conclusion. paragraphs and the main points However, if you have not written a strong introduction and if you only have one main paragraph, then it is sensible to include @ conclusion. You should bear some suggestions below in mind: 1. Do not repeat the information in the body The usual rule is that you should not repeat the main details of the chart/graph you have been writing about in the body. You may typically focus on the main trends or patterns in the chart/ graph. 2. Do not write too much The conclusion should be simple: 2 sentence is enough. It will be a mistake if you include too many details in it because you simply repeat the information in the body of your report. 3. Do not include your personal opinions You must never put your own opinions or interpret the data in the conclusion as this Is just a reporting task. Below are some typical sample conclusions you may use when wi Example 1 Sample Question The following table is a statistical report showing aspects affecting the quality of life in five countries. Country | GNPperhead | Daitycalorie | Life expectancy at birth | Infant mortality rate ieee teal eer cae ro) (ecm a ea) ‘Sample Writing » In conclusion, the indicators show that the four developing countries are still far from attaining the quality of life seen in the USA. PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation com www. awww.nhantriviet.com Example 2 Doubling of world Retrenchment g 360 309, 7050-1960 ~«=«1970~«=«*1080+~=«1900+~=«=«2000 Sample Writing » In summary, we can see that the area devoted to grain production was affected by both government policy and market forces. Example 3 Reread Itis often claimed that women have achieved greater freedom and have access to the same opportunities as men. The pie charts below show some employment patterns in Great Britain. Female Male 63% ‘Manual Non-manual 2Cralt or similar itarageril end prolessional |General labourers _eIClevica orralated aOthor manual Other non-manual Sample Writing > In conclusion, the two charts clearly show that women do not have the same access as men do to certain types of employment. 42> PERFECT IELTS WRITINGExample 4 Peete nied The graph shows the demand for energy and the eneray available from fossil fuels in Freedonia from 1985 to 2005. Energy units: 1 unit = 100 billion megajoules 9 ° 8 8 1 1 ss 6 os 5 2 4 4 “3 3 2 2 1 1 Sass 990 7995 2000 20h === Enercy demand = —— Energy available Sample Writing > In conclusion, Freedonia enjoyed a surplus of energy in the early 1990s, but later in the decade, it experienced an energy crisis that continued into the 21st century. Example 5 Serene Eating sweet foods produces acid in the mouth which can cause tooth decay. Acid level in mouth from consumption of sugar/honey easing acidity (pH level) — Cane sugar — Frit sugar Honey Moment $40 48-20 asa aon minctes minutos minutos mines minitos minates minutes mites om ‘Sample Writing » The implication for people who insist on eating sweet foods is that fruit sugar or honey appears to be more preferable than cane sugar in avoiding tooth decay. www PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation 4: 6Commonly Used Expressions in Reports 1. Introduction A. Introductory sentence (1st sentence) Type of Visual Information | Ror shows describes indicates that reveals how. presents the number of. the amount of. the proportion of... describe the percentage of. ilustrate information on... indicate cata. on. reveal present give figures statistics ‘The chart shows the number of road accidents in Britain over a period of six years. ‘The chart indicates the subjects studied by university students in Australia during the latter part of the last century. The line graph reveals the amount of fast food consumed by Australian teenagers over a 25-year period, specifically between the years 1975 and 2000. The bar chart illustrates the percentage of employees in different occupations who were absent from work in a given week in the year 2001. ‘The graph presents the numbers of men and women working within the police force in Malaysia between 1990 and 2000. B, Overall trend (2nd sentence) ‘There was an overall increase in earnings across the board. ‘The general trend is that the amount of television watched increases with age. All four continents saw a general population growth. Overall, there was a decline in male smokers. ‘A downward trend is noticed in the retail sales, and a similar situation was seen in the wholesale and retail trade sector. At first glance, we can see that classical music is far less popular than pop or rock music. The amount of calories consumed daily per person generally increased over the period. 44 PERFECT IELTS WRITING2. Body A. Starting expressions As (s) shown by the oe As can be seen from the ae | As is ilustrated by the ee | graph, | From the er il table It can be seen chart | We can see fromthe | diagram itis clear/apparent graph figures aca (that)... ‘As can be seen from the chart, great changes have been taking place in the ownership of mobile phones in Laos. It can be seen from the graph that the population From the graphs, we oan see that most car produ of Vietnam grew in the 20th century. iction took place between 2000 and 2010. It is clear trom the table that the popularity of K-pop grew in the 20th century. B. Time-related language ee ee In 2000, In five years between... and... In the last century, there was a significant decrease in From 2000 to 2010, ‘Between January and March, Between A and B | etween 1990 and 2000, In October, business. a For decades, For the first two weeks, During most of the last century, 5 th Ik lowing down. ea During the remainder of the year, | ® PoPulation was slowing down around ‘Around 2000, Mi from A to/unti B | F'™ January until March, there was a dramatic increase in production. before Before 1900, after Aiter 1900, by By the early 20th century, ——___—— — the most dramatic increase could be seen. at At the beginning of the year, since Since the 20th century, there has been a steady drop. PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation 45& wownh C, Language of comparison almost nearly approximately about School A has ere urs | Comparison Structure a/one quarter of half of a/one third of three quarters of the (total) number of students, a quarter half three quarters twice three times | as many students as school B. as much space s Caen ‘Comparison Structure almost nearly as many students as approximately | as much space as school B. about School A has act ] a number of ae the same | proportion of students as school B. approximately | ee about | | quantity | D. Describing changes sharps steady do \, dramatic fl/ dernier: ‘steady drop ‘eae (reach aplateau/ remain steady, 2-4 (to} reach the bottom . ‘222 Sacil ‘Rrease BSttom out dramatic fall/ Time Cerne EM troun fem vottom out fee) teach a plate > (Rie (to) remain steady Perrect IELTS WRITINGSubject Verb Adverb of Degree | Period of Time increased suddenly jumped rapidly | rose dramatically | grew significantly went up sharply climbed steeply ee ee eo ad from January to March. | idle ited consistently between January and March. | a smoothly eines continually went down pe — | gradually fluctuated | slowly varied | slightly Bite terete Period of time Vert ‘Adverb of Degree suddenly. | increased rapidly. ictee dramaticelly. ae significantly. ae sharply. the population steeply. the number of students __ steadily Promlanmary tp Mech. oo umber of workers consistently. the birth rate ae smooth. continually. dropped a went down Y ee gradually. | slowly. slightly. PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation 47See eaten at Adjective Noun Period of Time | sudden increase | rapia jump | dramatic vise significant growth a decrease | There was/ ee drop in the number were @) Sgt nd at | of students m" decline | sooty, reduction | gradual me | ftuctuations | anal variations | slight | from January to March. between January and March. Bete eerie steady remained able ‘The number of students _ stayed the same little | hardly any | ter ee | There was change in the number of students from January to March. between January and March. reached ¢ eg ‘ ‘The monthly profit | C*d igh point The figures bottomed out The situation Ean reached a a low point hit a trough in March. at 80% (20%). 48 Perrect IELTS WRITING3. Conclusion Below are the connectors and expressions commonly used in the concluding sentence of a report. In summary, ] To sum up, | In short, we can say/see In conclusion, To conclude, = 4 On the whole, Altogether, | itcan be said? Overall, soon pias 7 z that.. Therefore, Thal | concluded A it can be | deduced On this basis, aunt Given this, a seen ‘able, From the chart, itean be Concled diagram, aan ese inierred lin summary, we can see that the area devoted to grain production was affected by both government policy and market forces. In conclusion, it can be said that men occupy a greater percentage of high executive positions in the K-oll Company. Therefore, From the diagram, it can be safely concluded that from the years 1990 to 2000, Florida developed much more rapidly than the United States did as a whole. is clear that looking after children often affects women's work availability. From the figures above, we can draw a conclusion that most language students in private col- leges came from Asia. PART 2 Task 1 Overview & Report Organisation 4950PART 3 Types of Reports UNIT 1. UNIT 2. UNIT 3. UNIT 4. UNIT 5. UNIT 6. UNIT 7. UNIT 8. Line Graph Bar Graph Pie Chart Table Diagram Multiple Type A Multiple Type B Multiple Type C wwve.nhantrivietcom 2‘There are three important steps you should follow when doing Task 4: preparation, writing, and checking. These steps will help you to write a coherent and well-organised report passage within the time limi Step 1: Preparation (about 5 minutes) You need to spend about 5 minutes working out exactly what you are going to do, You should bear the following poi mind: 4. Study the question carefully. Most Tasks 1 involve writing @ report which describes the visual information shown. You should note the instructions with a highlighter. 2. Think carefully about the subject. Outline some pertinent points. 3. Note the times given for correct use of tenses. 4. Ensure that your ideas are arranged logically including appropriate connectors. Step 2: Writing (about 13 minutes) When writing a Task 1 report passage. you should include: © The introductory paragraph (1-2 sentences) * The body paragraphs (5-8 sentences) * The conclusion (optional) Step 3: Checking (about 2 minutes) * Make sure that you have followed the instructions carefully. Be sure that you have written what you have intended and that no important ideas are missing. * Check for obvious errors, such as spelling or grammar errors. Strategies . The information given in a visual form must be presented accurately and coherently. Mra oe hee ene Meer (chee toc Rae another. The organisation is of logical paragraphing with an introduction, a well-organised body Secale iy The main features given in the graph, chart, table, or diagram must be reported. Candi- CE eee sone felis Dnt aid ea Cae bol Telco www.nhantriviet.com 52> Perrect IELTS WRITINGTs ray), Line Graph Number of Births and Deaths in the UK 5,000,000 3,000,000 | 28 akan i ssa = Count ° 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2081 2041 2051 ear Wid the function of a tine graph is to describe trends pictorially. You, therefore, should ty and describe the trends in it. If there are many lines in the graph, then just describe the trends generally. If there is only one or two, use more details by describing the movement of the line(s) and giving numerical details at the important points of the line(s). Step 1: Read the subject of the graph Step 2: Read the main information on the graph to include it in your passage. Step 3: Examine the two axes of the graph. Step 4: Look for the main features and obvious trends. Step 5: Write your report. When writing, remember to summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons. Note: In the sample report passages that follow, all the Key expressions are printed in bold so that you can easily recognise and reproduce them in your actual writing. CASE Highest increase peak syn. top; reach the highest point; topmost oe —_ ! > Example Sentences It reached a peak of 500 on Saturday. 400 ‘There was a peak on Saturday. 300 ee It peaked at 500 on Saturday. 100 {A peak amount of 500 was reached on Saturday. The highest level is 500. PART 3 Types of Reports 5354 CASE CASE 04 Downward trend |; descending, sliding > Key Words | down/ downward syn. toward a lower level 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 > Example Sentences | The trend moved downward. | The number continued to go down between 2003 and 2009. It moved in a downward direction during the 7-year period, ‘The graph showed a descending trend from 2008 to 2009, ° 2003 2004 2005 2008 2007 2008 2009 Upward trend > Key Words | up/upward syn. toward a higher level ascending i increasing, rising, growing, > Example Sentences 000 900 200 The level went up from 500 in January to over 700 900 in July. 600 500 The general trend is upward 400 300 An upward shift in the figure was seen be- i tween January and July. The amount moved in an ascending manner, from 500 to at least 900. ° Jan Feb Mar Apr Way Jun Jul No Change > Key Words | stable syn. constant, steady, even stabilise syn. even out, become constant, steady 3,000 > Example Sentences aE The trend was stable from Monday to Sunday. ZR The figure registered a steady amount of ed 2,500. 1,000 The quantity stabilised at 2,500. 500 The number remained constant throughout SS OSE oe the week. PERFECT IELTS WRITINGCASE Fluctuation > Key Words | fluctuate syn. vary, keep changing, swing fluctuation syn. variation, rise and fall 4,000 > Example Sentences 3,500 - 000 PITS The amount fluctuated during the seven-month 2,500, — period. 2,000, There were fluctuations between 2,500 and 41,500 - {p00 }— _ - 3,500 from January to July. 500 The fluctuations happened during the first "jen Feb War Apr May Jun Jul seven months of the year. The value swung between 2,500 and 3,500 from January to July. Reverse > Key Words | reverse syn. opposite, contrary, inverse Group | » Example Sentences 1000p = 900 Group A's trend was the reverse of Group B's oe | Movement, es The trends of Groups A and B took contrary 400 directions. 300 ————— 200 F-——— — Group A and Group B showed inverse move- 400 ments from 2003 to 2009. ° 2003 2008 2005 2008 2007 2008 2009 Group A was the opposite of Group B based on its performance from 2003 to 2009. PART 3 Types of Reports 55(ee Su ‘Complete the gapped sentences with the appropriate words. Average Selling Price of a Condominium on the Big Island from 2004 to 2009 te The average selling price of a condominium on the Big E aoan00 Island went ©. from 2004 to 2009. = a50000 J moon ) trend can be observed when looking at 200,000 te average condominium price. *,000 i 0,000 ° 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 David's Household Power Consumption in 2008 David's power consumption at home showed ©. between 400 and 600 kilowatts during the A first six months of 2008. David's consumption ©, in July at 700 kilowatts before ©. at about 450 kilowatts from September to December. FEL EHS IY SHH oer Conseton nina) o888888a8 People in Seoul Using Their Own Cars to Go to Work Versus Those Who Take Public Transport = There was a ©. number of people in Seoul who rode buses and trains to work. Meanwhile, a(n) @ trend was seen among those who drove their own cars to work, a8 — Toke Pio Transport oa 2009 2004 2008 2008 2007 2008 8 56 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGEXERCISE 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The two-line graph shows the number of births and deaths in the United Kingdom. The figures shown are from 10-year intervals starting in 1951 and going into 2051. ‘Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make com: parisons whore relevant. Write at least 150 words. 5,000,000 4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 11,500,000 11,000,000 500,000 —=— Births ‘Count —e~ Deaths 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041 2051 Year Suis ne) ng Look at the graph and choose the best answer to each question. 1. What does the two-line graph show? A. birth and death counts in the United Kingdom B. number of citizens in the United Kingdom . frequency of births in the United Kingdom. 2. What is the general direction of the birth count in the United Kingdom? A. upward B. downward C. stable PART 3 Types of Reports 576. i 10. 58 PERFECT IELTS WRITING How would you describe the rises in the number of births in the UK in 1961 and 1991? A. permanent B. temporary C. invisible What is the estimated birth count by the year 2051? A. exactly 4,500,000 deliveries B. close to 3,000,000 deliveries C. around 3,500,000 deliveries How would the birth count in 2051 compare with the birth counts in the other years? A. It would be one of the lowest. B. It would be the highest. C. It would be the same. What is the general trend of the number of deaths in the United Kingdom? A. increasing B. decreasing . constant ‘What is the expected death count by 2051? A nearly 3,500,000 B. less than 4,000,000 C. close to 4,500,000 How many times higher would the death count be in 2051 than the death count in 1951? A. nearly thrice B. approximately two times C. roughly ten times Which of the two would have the higher count in the United Kingdom by 2051: births or deaths? A. births B. deaths C. Births and deaths would be equal. How would you describe the birth and death count status in 2051 against the status in 1951? A. similar B. related C. oppositehee al Complete the gapped sentences appropriately. 4. The graph exhibits the _ __ between 1951 and 2051. 2. The general trend in terms of the number of births in the United Kingdom is 8. There were increases in the birth figure in 1961 and 1991, but these were only 4. By the year 2051, the number of births is expected to hit 5. Incidentally, levels recorded in the country, 6. In contrast, the number of deaths in the United Kingdom has been since 1951. 7. According to the graph, the death count is expected ta come by 2051 8. This count is higher than the number of deaths in the country in 1951. 9. By 2051, it is expected that the number of deaths would be then ‘the number of births in the United Kingdom. 10. This is the of the birth and death count status in the country during 1954 PART 3 Types of Reports 59miacenn ian © STEP 2 MODEL ANSWER Introduction The graph exhibits the birth and death counts in the United Kingdom between 1951 and 2051. Body ‘Conclusion The general trend in terms of the number of births in the United Kingdom is downward. There were increases in the birth figure in 1861 and 1991, but these were only temporary. By the year 2051, the number of births is ‘expected to hit around 3,500,000 deliveries. Incidentally, it would be one of the lowest levels recorded in the country. In contrast, the number of deaths in the United Kingdom has been increasing since 1951. According to the graph, the death count is expected to come close to 4,500,000 by 2051. This count is approximately two times higher than the number of deaths in the country in 1951, By 2051, it is expected that the number of deaths would be signiticantly higher than the number of births in the United Kingdom. This is the opposite of the birth and death count status in the country during 1951, CHECK-UP VOCABULARY exhibit v. trend n. incidentally adv. according to phr. 60 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGEXERCISE 2 A You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Ae aa eS a ee ee eae ee ee eT Ser a population by age group from 1960 to 2000, with projections for the years 2010 to 2040. ‘Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make are Tene ce Write at least 150 words. 80,000,000 70,000,000 160,000,000 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 z 8 Pop ° 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 Year Britain's Population by Age Group 70.0% ¢-——_—_——— = 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% Percentage 4960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 Year 0-14 Be 15-64 “A 65 and over STEP 1| nstormin: Look at the graphs and choose the best answer to each question. 1. What specific information about Britain's population is described in the graphs? ‘A. Britain's actual population count by age group B. changes in Britain’s population grouping C, the trend of Britain’s population and its proportions by age group PART 3 Types of Reports 612. Into what age groups is Britain's population divided? A. 0-14, 15-64, and 65 years old and above B, 0-14 years old and 15-64 years old C. infants, children and adults 3. What is the projection for Britain's total population in the year 20402 A. It is projected to be cut in half. B. It is expected to reach almost 70,000,000. C. It is likely to stay the same. 4, What percentage of Britain's total population is held by the 15-64 age group? A. at least 50 percent B. a maximum of 50 percent C. exactly 50 percent 5. Which age group has the second largest share of Britain's population? A. 65 years old and over B. 15 to 64 years old C.0 to 14 years old 6. How would you describe the general trend of the gap between the proportions of the 0-14 and 15-64 age groups? A. getting smaller B. growing C. worsening What is the general direction of the population share of Britain’s elderly citizens? A. upward B. downward C. steady ‘What is the expected share of the population of Britain’s senior citizens by 20407 A. about 50 percent B. almost 20 percent ©. roughly 10 percent 9. How would you describe the ranking of the three age groups in terms of their share of Britain's population? A. irregular B. consistent C. unpredictable 10. How would you describe the changes in the actual proportions of Britain's population by age group? A. unnoticeable B. significant g C. no change at all 62 PerFect IELTS WRITINGSTEP 2 | Writing Activit Complete the gapped sentences appropriately. 4. The graphs reveal __ ee between the years of 1960 and 2040. 2. The population is divided into three age groups: 3. Based on one of the graphs, Britain’s total population is on the rise and is ____ by the year 2040. 4. The 15-64 age group has the largest share of the country’s populace, holding of Britain's total inhabitants 5. Meanwhile, the 0-14 age group has of Britain's population. 6. However, the share gap between the 0-14 and 15-64 age groups has been from 1960 onwards. 7. Unlike the 0-14 age group, the general direction of the population share of Britain's elderly citizens is 8. The Britain's senior citizens are est ated to own of the country’s population by 2040; this is almost twice their population share in 1960. 9. The ranking of the different age groups in terms of their share of Britain's population from 1960 to 2040. 10. Nevertheless, ______ are seen in their actual proportions. PART 3 Types of Reports© STEP 2 MODEL ANSWER Introduction Body The graphs reveal Britain’s total population trend and its proportions by age group between the years of 1960 and 2040. ‘The population is divided into three age groups: 0-14, 15-64, and 65 years old and above. Based on one of the graphs, Britain's total population is on the rise and is expected to reach almost 70,000,000 by the year 2040. The 15-64 age group has the largest share of the country’s populace, holding at east 60 percent of Britain's total inhabitants. Meanwhile, the 0-14 age group has the second largest share of Britain’s population. However, the share gap between the 0-14 and 15-64 age groups has been growing from 1960 onwards. Unlike the 0-14 age group, the general direction of the population share of Britain's elderly citizens is upward. The Britain’s senior citizens are estimated to own roughly 10 percent of the country’s population by 2040; this is almost twice their population share in 1960. Conclusion The ranking of the different age groups in terms of their share of Britain's Population is consistent from 1960 to 2040. Nevertheless, significant changes are seen in their actual proportions. ‘CHECK-UP VOCABULARY reveal v. iet.com www.nhanti onwards adv. estimate v. in terms of phr. 64 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGCHECK-UP 1. down 2. downward 4, peaked 5. stabilizing 7. reverse/opposite EXERCISE 1 STEP 1 cay Riise 1, birth and death cour Pimentel Cenune i) ROU PoP eRe oR URC IMs Trane eke wou Moguls EXERCISE 2 Eitan ne cise Dee Leone Cons Hcy Proportions by age group 2. 0-14, 15-64, and 65 years old and above erate Rn soe urearCONU COINS) Each cos ie create css 8, fluctuations/variations, 6. growing/rising Bikers) a ore) approximately two times Cea aneicg . opposita See) Pen] roughly 10 percent Breas significant change: www.nhantriviet.com. PART 3 Types of Reports 65nhantriviet.com 2 Bar Graph 45,000,000 40,000,000 35,000,000 30,000,000 25,000,000 20,000,000 15,000,000 10,000,000 5,000,000 0 Singapore British Cathay Emirates Qantas Qatar Airlines Airways Pacific Airways ww Basically, with a bar graph, you need to describe the bars and their values. When describing a bar graph, you first have to decide the order in which you will describe the bars, the highest value to the lowest value or the lowest value to the highest value. it may be a mixture of these. if there are many bars, you can sometimes group them together for the description of two or three bars which have similar values. If there are very many and you cannot group them, then just describe the ones that are the most significant. Step 1: Read the subject of the bar graph. Step 2: Read the main information on the graph to include it in your passage, Step 3: Examine the two axes of the graph. Step 4: Look at the figures to spot the main features and remarkable information, Step 5: Write your report. ‘When writing, remember to summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons. 66 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGCASE 02 CASE Regular increase > Key Words | improve syn. get better, pick up, expand improvement syn. increase, change for the better 2005 mm 2008 > Example Sentences 45,000,000 40,000,000, Overall, the performance of featured airlines 35,000,000 improved in 2008. 30,000,000 25,000,000, All the airline companies in the graph 20,000,000 achieved improved figures in 2008. 15,000,000, 40,000,000 There is a general improvement in numbers. ‘5000000 in 2008 for the six airline companies. é oF a va & ae |All the values picked up from 2005 to 2008. Double category > Key Words | double syn. (become) twice as much/many, increase twofold | Example Sentences sims Expenses John's spending is double the amount spent Kents Rapensae | by the other boys. John's Expenses ! ee as | John reported total expenses of $200, or auw eames | twice the individual sum of his colleagues. Tim's Expenses | At $200, John’s expenses doubled those of POO PHO PP the other members of the group. John's expenditure hit $200, doubling the average spending of $100 by the other boys. Sudden decrease >Key Words | sudden syn. unexpected, abrupt suddenly syn. abruptly, rapidly, out of the blue 40 EGopA Baus > Example Sentences a5 The chart reveals a sudden drop in average 30 figures in June. 25 a6 The numbers fell suddenly from 3.5 in May to roughly 2 in June. An unexpected d the total count to about 2 for each group. 0 et ee & After gradual increases from January to May, the values went down rapidly in June. 16 10 os 1@ during June slashed PART 3 Types of Reports viet.co 5 6 gt.com www.nhantrivi CASE CASE 05 06 Significant category >Key Words | significant syn. sizeable, substantial significantly syn. quite large in amount or quantity, considerably BVieinam lM Thalland Inc! ————o There is a significant gap in production capacity 7 between India and the other two countries. 2006 India’s manufacturing capability is significantly oe | bigger than those of Vietnam and Thailand. India exhibits a sizeable production advantage 2008 | over Vietnam and Thailand, © 5,000 19900 15,000 20.000 25600: India is considerably better than Thailand and torment Vietnam in terms of production capability. Leading category > Key Words | lead syn. be first/aheag; first position leading syn. topmost; primary > Example Sentences Tank Team E leads during this period based on ea percentage scores. Toa F seine ‘Team E takes the lead with a rating of 98%. ten Team E enjoys a lead of 6% over Team F. ram * The leading group for this period is Team E, Team 8 followed by Team F. Team A 0% 20% 40% Gor G0% 1O0%Iz0% With a grade of 98%, Team E is ahead of the other groups. Recovery > Key Words | recover syn. get back to the normal condition, regain recovery syn. a return to the normal condition, revival 000 — | »Example Sentences 0.000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 The volumes recovered from June to September. As seen in the graph, there was a recovery following the month of May. ‘The months of June to September are the periods of recovery. ° Fes WS YS Se After May, the quantities began to get back to their previous levels. 68 PERFECT IELTS WRITINGCHECK-UP Complete the gapped sentences with appropriate words. Meat Sales in Major Stores in Los Angeles Sven Bf ve In general, meat sales in the four major stores in Los Angeles ©, from January to March. The quantity of meat sold at Store C during the first t= quarter was @ higher compared to meat sales in the other three stores. BiewA SIoreB SioreC Stored Student Council Election Vote: Samson High ivi Scot Based on the latest tally of student council election Ryan Johnson votes, Ally Brown is on the @ with 1,005 votes. Usa Mende Loa The number of votes received by Ms. Brown is eee e. the votes garnered by second-placed Adam Eva Bradley ‘Smith. This is a @ gap. ‘Aden Sith © m0 400 600 600 7000 1200 Average Number of Cars Sold 1,200,000 | toyoia The average number of cars sold for both Toyota and 41,000,000 GM @____ went down in May. ane Nevertheless, the figures immediately @___ starting ae in June. 400,000 200,000 ° wlan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug com PART 3 Types of Reports 2 oSEXERCISE 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The bar graph illustrates the number of mobile phones and computers, per 1,000 individu- Eom era inc or0 ed Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main featur and make com- easter eas Write at least 150 words. Number of Mobile Phones and Computers in 2003 Australia Canada South Korea @ Computer | Mobile Phone 0 20 40 «8960 «= 80100120140 ‘Number per 1,000 individuals, Saat cul Look at the graph and choose the best answer to each question. 1. What particular information about mobile phones and computers is shown in the graph? A. counts of mobile phones and computers for every group of 1,000 individuals B. quality of mobile phones and computers sold in six countries C. numbers of mobile phones and computers per individual 2. Which country led in terms of their mobile phone count? What about the computer count? ‘A. mobile phone: South Korea; computer: Japan B. mobile phone: Japan; computer: South Korea C. mobile phone: Japan; computer: Japan www. nbantriviet.com x 3 Perrect IELTS WRITING

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